SDI-12 USB Adapter User Manual
Contents
1. USB mini Litt 1 SDI 12 bus fuuu TTRTETITITIT SLULILEETTTTA Sesser o dh Fig SDI 12 USB adapter wiring Setting up an SDI 12 sensor Windows Most SDI 12 sensors are shipped with default address zero 0 Decagon s sensors will send some data using DDI serial protocol if their SDI 12 addresses are zero 0 The data in DDI serial protocol will conflict with SDI 12 standard and confuse an SDI 12 data logger highly recommend you to change Decagon sensors from default address to another address such as one 1 Once you have connected the sensor to the adapter and to a USB port you can do some initial tests I will use Tera Term for tests and data collection Assume you already installed the USB adapter driver and it is on COMB3 Start Tera Term and it will ask you to establish a new connection Tera Term New connection O TCPHIP myhost example com History Telnet SSH SSH2 Other fe UNSPEC Serial Port COM USB serial Port COM3 Cancel Help Fig Connect to serial port Make sure you select the correct port Once connected type zI and you should see response from the adapter z13Liudr SDITRD101 The adapter itself has address z It has some basic functions to read the analog voltage on pin S but may add more functions to it in future firmware If you don t receive any response you may need to install the driver or select the correc2. PivotChart Power Sparklines Filters Hyperlink Text Symb Ins Charts dd View ii id ii z 5 Links Chati Jx a E SNT H A celp K L 1 10 31 2015 18 30 1 1 04 25 aap N 2 10 31 2015 18 31 1 1 04 24 9 dog FON 3 10 31 2015 18 31 1 04 24 9 Bubble Scatter with Straight Lines 4 10 31 2015 18 32 1 04 24 9 as Use this chart type to 5 10 31 2015 18 32 1 04 24 8 Compare at least two sets of 6 10 31 2015 18 33 1 04 24 8 GJ O W values or pairs of data 7 10 31 2015 18 33 1 04 24 8 25 5 N Ta FEE 8 10 31 2015 18 34 1 1 04 24 7 EF More Scat ere are many data points 9 10 31 2015 18 34 1 04 24 7 75 The data represents separate measurements 11 10 31 2015 18 35 12 10 31 2015 18 36 13 10 31 2015 18 36 1 1 04 24 6 14 10 31 2015 18 37 1 104 24 6 335 15 10 31 2015 18 37 1 1 04 24 6 16 10 31 2015 18 38 1 1 04 24 6 23 17 10 31 2015 18 38 1 1 04 24 5 wos 18 10 31 2015 18 39 19 10 31 2015 18 39 B 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 10 10 31 2015 18 35 1 1 04 24 7 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i 10 31 201NE1 O015E BEO1S NE 1 OOIE EO EA 0L R2015 21 36 Fig You may insert a chart scatter with time and data columns More data will be added to the plot and spreadsheet when Excel automatically refreshes 10 Format Cells Font Border Fill Protection Sample 10 31 2015 18 30 59 Type m d yyyy himm s5 Percentage himm s5 Fraction m d yyyy himm Scientific mms 5 mm ss 0 hj mmi
3. 21 1 1 04 24 8 2015 10 31 18 33 50 1 1 04 24 8 2015 10 31 18 34 18 1 1 04 24 7 Running the script Frist start Tera Term and connect to the adapter see figures in the previous section Next run the script from menu Control then Macro The Macro will display a number of dialogs so you can configure your data collection The following are the displayed or collected credit not shown sensor address total data points delays between data points time zone DI 12 PC Logger 3DI 14 PC Logger sensor SDH Z Address Total number of data points ma ma SDI 12 PC Logger Delay between data points second SDI 12 PC Logger Cancel Select time zone Fig Dialogs in the data logger script Once the Macro is running you will see data appearing in the terminal window File Edit Setup Control Window Help 1 04 24 3 0042 1 04 24 3 0012 M MACRO SDI_12_P 1 04 24 3 0012 1 04 24 3 End oi 1 04 24 3 SDI_12_P 60 pause 0012 1 0424 4 0012 1 0424 4 0012 1 0424 4 Fig Tera Term window while the data logger script is running You may pause or end the script at any time but recommend doing so while the script is doing delay between data points indicated by pause on the control box Plotting and automatic plot update Once your data logging has started you can use Microsoft Excel to plot the sensor data while recording and set the spreadsheet and plot to automa
4. 8 31 27 18 31 56 18 32 24 18 32 53 Cancel lt Back Finish Fig Select Comma as delimiters for data columns Text Import Wizard Step 3 of 3 This screen lets you select each column and set the Data Format Column data format O General General converts numeric values to numbers date values to dates and O Text all remaining values to text 6 Date YMD we O Do not import column skip Data preview F I I Ti H t i i 1 I i i F i i Finish Fig Specify Date YMD format for column 1 Import Data pe Select how you want to view this data in your workbook EB Table Pivotlable Report PivotChart Only Create Connection Where do you want to put the data is Existing worksheet A 1 C New worksheet Add this data to the Data Model Fig Choose Properties to make Excel automatically refresh data optional Connection Properties T 4 Connection name 2015 10 31 18 30 58 Description Usage Definition Refresh control Last Refreshed Prompt for file name on refresh Refresh every f minutes Refresh data when opening the file Remove data from the external data range before saving the workbook Refresh this connection on Refresh All Fig Uncheck Prompt for file name on refresh and check Refresh every X minutes HOME INSERT PAGE LAYOUT FORMULAS DATA REVIEW VIEW BE Ie a 12 ck T jz 4 Q Tables Illustrations Add Recommended
5. SDI 12 USB Adapter User Manual Dr John Liu 2015 10 31 E 4 wS J La st yi 4 AT LE x e Eveceeke seeerree 5 i dd yiegee fles ie iN EE EE EE 2 DI 12seisorstested ee EE A Ee SE Ee Ee ere Ee ee re Ge ED en ee 2 eek le ee EE TE AE EN IE EE ER EE HEER EA ON 2 Setting p an sSDIER sensor WINdOWS et SE ER EE Ee EE ee ee GN Ee Ee Se RD ke Ee De EE 3 Data Logging bod Ig ele N OE OE EE EE EE OR EE OR N EE EE OR EE EE 5 Plotting and automatic plot update sesse de see ii Ge ee Di Ge ee Ge ee GE ee ee ee ek 7 Sename Data to tie ie so Ee EO EE Ee N ee ed Ge re 11 Updating Adapter Firmware WindOWS sees ee ee ee RR ee ee ee ee de ee RR de ee ee ee RE ee 12 Need Help wit our Project EE De AG ee AR ee OG GE ee aes 12 SDI 12 sensor general guide WIN Mac LinUx esse ees ee ee ee ee ee ee ee RE ee ee ee ee ee ee RE EE Ee 12 Introduction SDI 12 sensors are widely used in environmental monitoring including soil streams plants etc On the other hand data loggers designed for SDI 12 sensors are usually expensive and proprietary making it harder to monitor and study soils and streams on a budget This SDI 12 USB adapter makes it possible to directly interface SDI 12 sensors with a PC Mac Linux on a budget have built numerous SDI 12 sensor data loggers This is my latest design that is very easy to use All you need is the adapter and a PC It also comes with free data logger program script fo
6. he PC data collection script collect data automatically on the sensor address of your choice with a configurable total data points delay between data points and GMT or Local time zone setting Just run the SDI 12 PC Logger V1 0 tt script in Tera Term Your data will be stored where this script is so if you store the script in a cloud drive you will be able to view your data remotely File Format Your data will be stored in comma separated value CSV format The file name is the date and time when the script starts logging data There are at least three columns The first column is the date and time the data point is collected Depending on your choice it is either in GMT UTC or local time The next column is the sensor address The third column is the first value returned by your sensor If your sensor returns more than one value additional columns will contain additional values This file format is ready to be read by any major data analysis tools such as Excel Open Office Calc or the more expensive Origin Pro Here is a sample of data collected from a Decagon 5TM soil temperature and moisture sensor The first data column is the relative dielectric constant 1 for air yes it s NOT in soil The second data column is temperature 2015 10 31 18 30 59 1 1 04 25 0 2015 10 31 18 31 27 1 1 04 24 9 2015 10 31 18 31 56 1 1 04 24 9 2015 10 31 18 32 24 1 1 04 24 9 2015 10 31 18 32 53 1 1 04 24 8 2015 10 31 18 33
7. r Windows Although this manual is tailored to windows users you Can easily use the adapter on a Mac or Linux All you need is a terminal program A section on SDI 12 sensors will guide you through it FYI a 150 windows 10 netbook running on Intel ATOM Z3000 series or faster is more than enough to log data All of the examples in this manual came from one such netbook SDI 12 sensors tested So far have been able to get hold of the following sensors and tested them all with the adapter Apogee s sensors all require command re send which is implemented in the adapter Decagon s sensors all claim to have 4V digital logic but their engineers confirmed that they are 5V tolerant In theory all SDI 12 sensors should work with my adapter but in practice not all sensors were made equal The following list will keep expand as get more sensors to test Apogee v SI 411 standard field of view infrared radiometer sensor Aquacheck Y CKC 6 sensor probe Decagon v DS 2 Sonic Anemometer VP 3 temperature barometer humidity sensor PRI spectral reflectance sensor NDVI spectral reflectance sensor GS3 Ruggedized Soil Moisture Temperature and Electrical Conductivity Sensor MPS 6 Calibrated Water Potential Sensor 5TM Soil Moisture and Temperature Sensor SLS LSAS Ponsel v Digital turbidity sensor Sentek v TriSCAN 12 moisture salinity temperature sensor probes Sensor wiring An SDI 12 sensor has 3 connections posi
8. send a GET command to the server to post your data Then you can view and download all 11 your data from the server using a simple web interface sparkfun provides You can also construct more sophisticated dashboards with graphs downloads and other features using HTML ajax etc Sparkfun https data sparkfun com Updating Adapter Firmware Windows The current version of firmware is 1 1 You may update the firmware of the adapter when new firmware becomes available Follow these steps to update your firmware 1 Make sure your adapter is not connected to any sensors before proceeding Execute XLoader exe and select Uno Select the Com port with the highest number Select 115200 Baud rate All of the above should be automatic once you select the adapter 3 Select the firmware file and press upload Wait until upload complete 4 Doa quick test by sensing SDI 12 address Zee z XLoader http russemotto com xloader X Xload Hex fie Fig XLoader dialog Need Help with Your Project If you need more sophisticated data logging scripts such as logging multiple sensors or sensor with more than 6 output values or integrating SDI 12 sensors in projects using Arduino might be able to help Contact me on inmojo com or leave a message on my blog am a full time physics professor so my time during semesters may be limited have more time during the summer though Blog https liudr wordpress com SDI 12
9. sensor general guide WIN Mac Linux Each SDI 12 sensor has a one character alphanumerical address 0 9 A Z a z There is only one data line The sensor shares it with the host master The line is usually pulled down using 100KQ resistor Some sensors have internal pull down resistors but others don t seem to have them My adapter has this resistor think Decagon sensors have some strong internal pull down resistors They work even without the pull 12 down resistor on the adapter But if you gang up a number of them the effective pull down may become too strong for non Decagon brand sensors to respond SDI 12 commands To communicate with a sensor you need to send a command to it Each command starts with the SDI 12 sensor address and ends with Each sensor response also starts with its address but ends with r then n will use n to represent an SDI 12 address will omit r and n in the list below The following commands are the most common ones n This makes the sensor respond with its address n nl This makes the sensor respond with its identification N13DECAGON TM 387 nAm This changes the sensor address from n to m The sensor will respond with the new address m nM This causes the sensor to start a measurement It will respond with the number of seconds it will take to do the measurement and the number of returned values When it completes the measurement earlier it will send a service request
10. ss ST RO S EF FROF _ _ _ 70_ _ a A F _ S 70 00_ _ 5 Z 0 OOF 77_ _ _ 0 00 440 00 77 Type the number format code using one of the existing codes as a starting point Fig Format column 1 to unhide seconds Use custom format and type in mm dd yyyy h mm ss A B D 1 10 31 2015 18 30 59 1 104 25 2 10 31 2015 18 31 27 1 1 04 24 9 3 10 31 2015 18 31 56 1 1 04 24 9 A 10 31 2015 18 32 24 1 1 04 24 9 5 10 31 2015 18 32 53 1 1 04 24 8 6 10 31 2015 18 33 71 1 1 04 24 8 7 10 31 2015 18 33 50 1 1 04 24 8 8 10 31 2015 18 34 18 1 1 04 24 7 9 10 31 2015 18 34 47 1 1 04 24 7 10 10 31 2015 12 35 15 1 1 04 24 7 11 10 31 2015 18 35 44 1 1 04 24 7 Fig Time column now shows seconds Sending Data to the Internet If you think the above is already what you need great have even more cool stuff for you If you are a researcher or data analyst or just interested in storing data online you would love to send your data to a database and have it plotted on a plot real time for everyone to see of course only those you intend to share your data with plan to add more to this section Here is an overview of what will come in details Sparkfun com has a wonderful database service for free You can easily post your data to the server using a modified data logger script No programming experience is needed You can execute CURL from within the script to
11. t COM port or maybe the COM port property is incorrect Go to Setup menu and select Serial Port and make sure the settings are correct Tera Term Serial port setup Port COMS3 we Baud rate 4600 7 Data 8 bit we Cancel Parity none Stop 1 bit Help Flow control none Transmit delay o msecfchar o mserlline Fig Serial port settings 9600 Baud rate 8 bit data no parity 1 bit stop no flow control Once you have established connection to the adapter you can set up your SDI 12 sensor have a sensor configuration script to automate the process Remember you can only set up one SDI 12 sensor at a time without any other sensors connected to the adapter Once set up several sensors can be connected to one adapter Run the script SDI 12 Sensor_config_V1_0 ttl by selecting menu Control then Macro The script will automatically detect the address of your sensor display its information and asks you to set a new address recommend address 1 thru 9 Don t set it to z since that is what the adapter uses If the script didn t work check your wiring restart Tera Term and try again E SDI 12 sensor Contig i E SDI 12 sensor Config r SDI 12 Sensor Configuration Tool SDEH 2 Sensor found at address 1 ID DECAGON STM 387 by Dr John Liu 2015 10 31 1 0 Fig Configuration script dialogs Now your sensor is set up You can start logging data Data Logging Windows You can sit back and watch t
12. tically update as more data are collected T HOME INSERT PAGE LAYOUT FORMULAS DATA F E 3 a 2 Connections From From From From Other Existing Refresh Access Web Text Sources Connections All Get External Data Connections Get Data From Text Import data from a text file Li Fig Select a text file as external data source in Excel Text Import Wizard Step 1 of 3 The Text Wizard has determined that your data is Fixed Width If this is correct choose Next or choose the data type that best describes your data Original data type Choose the file type that best describes your data Characters such as commas or tabs separate each field O Fixed width Fields are aligned in columns with spaces between each field Start import at row 1 File origin 437 DEM United States C My data has headers Preview of file C Users Zenggiang Dropbox Macros Tera Term a015 10 31 18 30 58 TXT 20157 10731 015710731 015710731 015710731 20157 10731 18 30 59 18 31 27 18 81 56 18 32 24 18 32 53 Cancel Finish Fig Choose delimited data when importing Text Import Wizard Step 2 of 3 This screen lets you set the delimiters your data contains You can see how your text is affected in the preview below Delimiters L Treat consecutive delimiters as one Comma _ Space C Other Text qualifier Data preview 015710731 015710731 015710731 02157 10731 02157 10731 18 30 59 1
13. tive and negative power supply and SDI 12 bus line Most SDI 12 sensors run fine with 5V supply although the standard requires them to accept 12V supply If your sensor is one of those that requires 12V you can power it with an AC adapter Just connect the grounds together 1 Connect your sensor s Vcc to GND to and SDI 12 bus to S on the 3 pole screw terminal block These are printed on the bottom of the circuit board If your sensor comes with a stereo plug Decagon order an adapter for wire leads Stereo plugs are not good Inserting the plug causes short circuits Don t connect or disconnect a stereo plug when the adapter is connected to a USB port 2 Connect the adapter to your computer Your computer should automatically find the driver for the adapter If your computer didn t find the proper driver visit this website for the driver http www ftdichip com Drivers VCP htm 3 You may use any serial terminal program to talk with your SDI 12 sensor such as termite MobaXterm Terminal by Bray or Tera Term like Tera Term for its superior scripting capabilities literally developed a data logger program using Tera Term scripts also use Terminal by Bray when am testing and configuring multiple sensors It not only separates send and receive but also has buttons to send custom strings such as 1M Tera Term https ttssh2 osdn jp index html en Terminal by Bray https sites google com site terminalbpp
14. upport group http www sdi 12 org specification ph 14
15. which is the sensor address So the following is from a sensor at address 1 that needs 1 second to do the measurement and return two values It finishes early and sends a service request 10012 1 nDO This causes the sensor to return its measurement Using nM alone only carries out the measurement The results are only returned when nDO is received Following the above example the sensor response will be its address and two values 1 1 03 24 5 nD1 If the sensor says it returns 6 values but only returns 3 then you need to keep asking it for the rest using nD1 nD2 etc until you receive all 6 values The maximal number of returned value is 9 limited by the single digit response in nM nM1 If the sensor is a probe with multiple sensors in it then it will likely have a dozen or more values to return The standard way is to use nM to request the first 9 values then use nDO nD1 etc to extract the first 9 values Then use nM 1 paired with nDO nD1 etc to retrieve up to 9 more values until you retrieve all 13 values Some sensors pretends to return 9 values but actually returns more An example is an AquaCheck multi sensor probe with 12 sensors It rarely packs 9 sensors in one probe so if it says 9 then it means 12 It is kind of outside the SDI 12 spec There are also concurrent measurement commands that you can use to speed up the measurements but you can read all about them from the SDI 12 support group SDI 12 s
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