Omega-328 SB - One Byte CPU
Contents
1. Omega 328 SB Rapid Prototyping tool with Shield Base for Atmel AtmegaXxX8 Microcontrollers User Manual Q Omega MCU Systems Copyright 2012 Contents INTPOCUCTION DNNE 2 Omega 328 SB malin TEAM CS acetic sconces crstesrcustetwcatestasucebaderenatatebadsredesacsbavesareses 2 RS ge el LS a EE E E ae eter EE A E E 3 1 Installing the DIY OT eeetececcceaeteneseandedanenintetccdeteniennaderinetdedecveddedereatsedentatsedadeees 3 2 Connecting to the HOSt COMPUTE ccccecccceeeecceeeecseeeeseeeeesseeeeseeeesaaeess 3 Ione IMG e E A E EE 3 4 Attaching the DOWEL cccccceeccceeeseeeeeeeeseeeceueeeeeeseeeseueeseeeseeeseueeneeeseeesaneens 4 Vee e AAE AAPEA IAS A EE AEE A EE E EE AAT 5 Building Modular Prototypes ccccccccceececeeeeceeeeseeeeseeeeseueeseueeseueeseueeseneensees 5 Using the Enhanced Shield Base cccccsscccseeeceeeeceeeeceeecuseceueeseuseseeeensees 6 Power Usage Considerations cccccccccseccececeeceeeeeceeeeeeeeeesaeeeesseeeeeaeeesaeeeeas 7 General Considerations oo cece cceccccceecceceeeeceeeeeceeeesseeeesseeeesaaeeesaaeeesseeesaeeeesaass 7 JSB CONSETO ee ene cee ee ne ee eee ee ere 7 PST CONS C UV soreer e E 8 Accessing the MCU 1 0 ccccceccccceecccceeeeeceeceeseeeessecessesessaeeessaeeeseeeessaseesaeess 9 OG Peader Fla Wan lh Gicececccccorecececoceeececereseuasozesasecoaesosacoacedsecoaeceseconceesacece 9 Shield BASE PIN OUt cccceecccceeceeceeeeeceec2. 100ma 3 3V power source supplied via the CP2103 USB bridge The 5V power output is connected to the board s main power supply GND pins are connected to the board s ground Vin is connected to the input of the main regulator Reset is connected to the MCU reset pin pin 1 SDA is connected to Pin 27 of the MCU and to A4 SCL is connected to pin 28 of the MCU and to Ad Q Omega MCU Systems Page 10 Copyright 2012 On board status control and configuration The green power LED indicates that power is applied when lit Data communication through the MCU s UART is monitored with the red RX LED and the blue TX led These will be active any time those signals are such as when a sketch is being downloaded from the Arduino IDE or when the MCU s UART is being used for other serial communication A yellow LED attached through a 1K resistor to the D13 signal is included for compatibility with Arduino and is used as a generic indicator in many cases For instance the Duemilanove bootloader blinks this LED to indicate it is active It can be disconnected to eliminate loading on the D13 signal whenever desired by removing the LEDD jumper lf a reset is required pressing the Reset button located at the upper right hand side of the Omega 328 SB will initiate a hard reset of the MCU The ARD jumper is used to control the automatic reset With the jumper on the MCU will be reset when the software opens the virtual com port to begin commu
3. a special cable for the purpose 2 To initiate programming a If using the Arduino IDE to burn a bootloader Q Omega MCU Systems Page 13 Copyright 2012 Set board under Tools gt Board to whatever the board is or a board whose bootloader you want to use ll Set programmer under Tools gt Programmer to Arduino as ISP iii To burn the bootloader select Tools gt Burn Bootloader b If using the Arduino IDE to program code i Set programmer under Tools gt Programmer to Arduino as ISP li Load the sketch you wish to program into the MCU iii To upload the code select File gt Upload Using Programmer or press Ctrl Shift U c If using avrdude i Refer to the avrdude documentation li You must specify the virtual com port the Omega 328 SB is on iii You must specify avrisp as the programmer iv You must set the baud rate to 19200 v The following command line will burn a Duemilanove bootloader onto a Atmega328P with the Omega 328 SB on com4 running ArduinolSP avrdude P com4 b 19200 p m328p c avrisp Ulock w 0x0F m Uhfuse w 0xDA m Ulfuse w 0xFF m Uefuse w 0x05 m V Uflash w ATmegaBOOT_168 atmega328 hex i u Using With Other Programming Software Generally any programming software that will work with the avrisp programmer at 19200 baud will work with the Omega 328 SB running the ArduinlSP sketch os 5 3x2 l a y A E OMS AVD AU Engineered in Canodo
4. pin Note PDO RXD Note that this signal is monitored by the PEDRO red RX LED while communicating through the USB port PD1 TXD Note that this signal is monitored by the fo blue TX LED while communicating through the USB port 4 PD2 INTO 5 PD3 INT1 OC2B PWM capability ae XCK TO PD5 T1 OCOA PWM capability en AINO OCOB PWM capability On 13 PD7 AIN1 AIN1 n ea m oe ean D13 is also connected to the DOn D13 LED through a 1K resistor on the Omega 328 SB This LED can be disconnected by removing the LEDD jumper 23 PCO ADCO 24 PC1 ADCI en SS FF PoE EE So 28 PC5 ADC5 SCL 1 AREF APAD ICP 5 PB1 OC1A PWM capability 6 PB2 SS OC1B PWM capability PB3 MOSI PWM capability OC2A H2 2 Q Omega MCU Systems Page 9 Copyright 2012 Shield Base Pin out O O O runms es gt ae comms O lt o E o z O Reset OJ 3V3 O omo ES GEI O D 1N4148 RSEL O Gun 2 AJ g ath E N NO o0 m A A U o The Omega 328 SB shield base in comprised of headers H4 H7 and follows precisely the standard Arduino UNO pin out Refer to the SVG Header Pin Mapping table above for functions and MCU Mapping An additional header at H5 on a standard 0 1 grid and that duplicates the signals D8 SCL is provided to support the building of homebrew shields on standard perf board Not mentioned in the table above are the following e The 3V3 output is a
5. pin out 6 pin ICSP header This can be used in conjunction with an external ICSP programmer such as the OMS AVR Prog S to program the MCU directly Since the ICSP protocol is built into the Atmega chips used on these boards it is not dependant on using the bootloader and does not require the serial interface For this reason it can be used to program or burn a bootloader onto a new or erased MCU It can also be used an alternative method of getting code onto the MCU This is particularly useful in cases where the code is larger than will fit onto the MCU if the bootloader is present Simply erase the chip and burn the code on using an ICSP programmer There are many dozens of ICSP ISP programmers available and an equal number of software options AVRdude and PonyProg are popular and free of charge For normal ICSP operation be sure the RSEL jumper is in the Reset position ISP Header Pin out MOSI Reset D10 in programmer mode Q Omega MCU Systems Page 12 Copyright 2012 Using the Omega 328 SB as a Programmer This is advanced usage and we highly recommend you become thoroughly familiar with AVR MCUs and the Arduin IDE and general AVR and Aduino lore before venturing into using the Omega 328 as a programmer or any other programmer for that matter To use the Omega 328 SB as a programmer you need to follow the following steps 1 Program the MCU with the ArduinolSP sketch 2 Configure the board as a
6. Q Omega MCU Systems Page 14 Copyright 2012 Specifications Supported Operating Systems The CP2103 USB bridge driver supports the following operating systems e Windows XP e Windows 2003 e Windows Vista e Windows 7 Communications requirements e Interface Type USB 2 0 e Connection Standard USB B Power Requirements e Supply Voltage 7 5V 23V DC e Supply Current Typically between 38mA and 42mA with the MCU only while running the Duemilanove bootloader e Supply Connector 5 5mm x 2 1mm center positive co axial jack NOTE Supply voltage should never exceed 24V dc Observe polarity this board requires a center positive supply Check before attaching the power source supply Capability Main Board Voltage 5V 4 8V 5 2V Max current 1A with adequate additional heat sink Free air current Approx 500mA Vin 9V no added heat sink Low Voltage Supply 3 3V 100mA Physical e Length 124mm e Width 71mm e Height 15mm e Mounting 63mm x 108 6mm e Weight 60g e Operating Temp 0 C 85 C Note Arduino is a trademark of the Arduino project team OMS PO Box 74 Bracebridge ON P1L 1175 Canada Q Omega MCU Systems Page 15 Copyright 2012
7. duino compatible shields along with modular sensors and actuators means you can have your prototypes built and ready for code in no time Add to that 100 compatibility with the Arduino IDE a ZIF MCU socket ergonomic size a brawny power supply and a 6 pin ICSP header and you have a unique combination of benefits consisting of ease of use professional handling and a level of versatility that takes a back seat to no one Omega 328 SB main features Tough 1 6mm FR4 PCB 16MHz Crystal 1 amp power supply D13 LED disable option Auto reset disable option Configurable power options e Arduino UNO compatible shield base e Designed for the Atmel AtmegaXX8 MCU family e 100 compatible with the Arduino IDE e Alignment correcting header allows standard 0 1 proto board for DIY shields e SVG headers on all signals for 3 wire sensor actuator modules e ICSP programmer mode allows you to use the Omega 328 SB as a avrisp compatible programmer e Sl Labs CP2103 USB bridge for high performance USB 2 0 capability e Zero Insertion Force ZIF MCU socket for ease of handling and reduced wear and tear on the MCU e 6pin ICSP header for burning bootloaders loading code and programming other devices e Standard 5 5mm x 2 1mm coaxial DC power socket e DuPont style wire jumpers can be used for attachment to other circuits or a solderless breadboard Q Omega MCU Systems Page 2 Copyright 2012 Getting Started 1 Installing the Driver The O
8. e board and lower the ZIF socket lever to just past horizontal into the locked position This will clamp the microcontroller into place Removal of the chip is achieved by returning the lever to the vertical position Q Omega MCU Systems Page 3 Copyright 2012 4 Attaching the power The Omega 328 SB can either be powered from an external source preferred or from the USB port The on board regulator and standard DC power jack allow for a variety of power options Any filtered DC source of between 7 5V and 23V can be used Make sure the chosen power supply delivers positive voltage through the center conductor and negative through the outer sleeve as shown here oviispsl evitizo4 The most convenient and popular external power sources are a 9V AC DC switching type switchmode adapter a 6 cell AA battery pack or a 9V battery The 9v battery if used should only be used for MCU programming as it does not have the current capability to power q1arvuNna u Tana shields or modules The 9V AC DC switching type switchmode adapters are preferred over the transformer type adapters and batteries as they provide a more stable supply are lighter take up less space and are generally enormously less expensive to use With the USB cable connecting the Omega 328 SB to the host and the MCU inserted apply the power by connecting the chosen power source At this point Windows will detect the USB bridge install the virt
9. e voltage drops with high loads or unstable supply when loads vary Take particular note of your computers specified USB port current supply capability Never try to use more than 75 of that capability You should never attempt to use USB power with project that has a current draw above 75 of the USB port rating or with inductive loads like motors and servos Surges spikes and high loads can cause brown outs and other noise that will affect the MCU These conditions can cause ADC readings to be adversely affected un expected logic states to be read un expected interrupt triggers brown out detection in the MCU can cause a program reset Any number and kind of baffling behavior can result from unstable power If the prototype you are working on exhibits unusual behavior under load with USB power switching to a good 9V AC DC adapter will generally clear up the problem Remember USB capability is provided as a convenience for use in prototyping low power consumption and generally well behaved no inductive or surge loads projects CAUTION The regulator can get very warm under these conditions Q Omega MCU Systems Page 7 Copyright 2012 Alternate Connectivity The system of SVG headers and shield base used on the Omega 328 makes it very versatile in connecting to environments to be sensed and controlled Almost any imaginable scenario can be accommodated Should there be a need to interface a custom or non modular circuit you may ne
10. ed to attach the Omega 328 SB to another device or a breadboard for This can easily be accomplished using Dupont style female to male or female to female jumpers like those shown I ITE a EEE Ar es wat Sh d d as gt eo FDD in the picture above In fact as shown you can build prototypes with modules shields and breadboard circuits all at the same time or in any combination you choose Just make sure that the power needs are tracked so that you do not run into problems due to overloading Remember if you are using a breadboard circuit as a part of your prototype project keep in mind that the ground of the Omega 328 SB will need to be properly connected to the off board circuit s ground to ensure a good voltage reference and a suitable return path for power and signals Failure to provide this may result in some very strange and difficult to diagnose behavior of the combined circuit Q Omega MCU Systems Page 8 Copyright 2012 Accessing the MCU I O When inserted into the Omega 328 SB all the I O pins of the MCU map to the SVG headers D8 though D13 as well as AREF are brought to the header to the upper right of the MCU socket H1 DO through D7 are brought to the header to the lower right H2 and AO through A5 are brought to the header to the left H3 The table below shows how these header signals are mapped to the microcontroller SVG Header Pin Mapp SB SVG Header pin Header Atmega MCU
11. eeseeeesseeeesseeeessaueeseeeeeseeeesaeeessaeeees 10 On board status Control ANd CONFIQUIATION ccccceeeeceeeeeeeeeceeeeseeeeseeeesaaees 11 In Circuit Serial Programming In System Programming ICSP ISP 12 ICSP Header PIN OUt cccccceeccceececeececeeeeceeeeceuceseueesenceseueeseueeseueeseneesaees 12 Using the Omega 328 SB as a Programmer cccseececseeeeeeeeeeeaeeeeeseeeesaaeess 13 To Program the MCU with the ArduinolSP sketch ccccceececeeeeeaeeeeeeeeees 13 TO configure THE DOA cccccecccceececaeeecaeeeeaeeecaeeesaeeesaueessaeesaeesaeeesaneesaeeeeas 13 To connect it to the target slave and initiate programming c ccceeeees 13 Using With Other Programming SOPWALE ccccccceccceseeeeceeeeesaeeeeseeeesaeeeeeas 14 DECCAN eae ee eee ee ere ee eee eee 15 Supported Operating Systems ccccccsccccssececceeeeeseeeesaeeeeseeeeesseeeesseeeeseeeeeeas 15 COMMUNICATIONS requirements ccccceecccceececeeeeesseeeesaeeeesseeeesaeeeesaeeeseeeeeeas 15 POWER FREOUIFGIMCINS sessirnir a E dana tren incre vendanadiendiendtenduindes 15 JUPPI CPAD eee ee ee eee 15 FP NYS Cea tc ctsevctse sarvessatsc tea E E E 15 Q Omega MCU Systems Page 1 Copyright 2012 Introduction The Omega MCU Systems Omega 328 SB is designed to be the very embodiment of rapid reliable and repeatable It gives you everything you need to bring your creations to life The ability to use both Ar
12. mega 328 SB uses a Silicon Labs CP2103 USB bridge for communication and downloading sketches from the Arduino IDE This requires that a driver be installed before the Omega 328 SB Is attached to the host computer and powered up The latest driver can be downloaded either from the Downloads page at www omegamcu com or from Silicon Labs website at www silabs com Download the driver setup program to your computer and run it We strongly suggest you use the default options and follow the prompts Before clicking Finish during the install procedure make sure the Launch the CP210X VCP Driver Installer check box is checked Then follow the prompts to install the VCP driver 2 Connecting to the Host Computer The Omega 328 SB is equipped with a standard USB B connector and can connect to a host computer using a standard USB A to B cable as shown not included The Omega 328 SB will not be discovered by the computer until the power is applied as in step 4 or configured to be powered from the USB port OMS recommends you use as short a USB cable as you can 3 Inserting the MCU In order to reduce wear and tear on your microcontroller chips and increase usability and accessibility the Omega 328 SB is equipped with a zero insertion force ZIF socket To place an MCU into the socket make sure the lever is in the vertical position then place the chip into the socket as shown with its pin 1 adjacent to the lever Steady th
13. ng up to 500mA in free air and up to 1 Amp with adequate additional heat sinking 1 Amp of current should easily be enough to meet needs of any number of sensors as these generally have small power requirements Actuators and some shields on the other hand such as motors servos buzzers etc generally have much higher power needs Some planning and common sense are required in this respect Small servos motors and relays are generally okay if proper noise suppression is a part of their design However it is advisable to know and take heed of the specifications and the nature of the loads presented by actuators and shields In particular larger motors servos relays solenoids and other inductive loads can have very large peak current demands and are not suited to direct attachment to the Omega 328 SB This is especially true if power hungry shields are in use at the same time In these cases it is recommended that isolated driver boards or relays be utilized and that a separate power source be provided for the heavy loads Generally the more you add on the more power you will be consuming and it is a good idea to keep track of power consumption USB Considerations When using USB power with any microcontroller development board not just Ours you need to pay particular attention to load and load characteristics The USB cable length should always be kept to a minimum to reduce resistance The resistance in long cables can cause unacceptabl
14. nication via the USB port This is the default position for normal operation With the jumper off the auto reset is disabled The RSEL jumper selects which signal is sent to the ICSP header reset In the Reset position the MCU reset is connected to the ICSP reset This is the default setting for normal operation In the D10 position the D10 I O line is connected to the ICSP reset See more on this in the Using the Omega 328 SB as a Programmer section later in this document The PSEL jumper selects the power source for the board In the R position the on board regulator is the power source This is the default position In the U position the USB connector is the power source Q Omega MCU Systems Page 11 Copyright 2012 In Circuit Serial Programming In System Programming ICSP ISP ICSP or ISP In System Programming is a method by which an MCU an AVR in this case can be directly programmed while still in a circuit In the AVR world the programmer is known as the master and the chip to be programmed as the slave The signals used are MOSI Master Out Slave In MISO Master In Slave Out and SCK Serial ClocK which is supplied by the master or programmer Add to this a reset line from the master to reset the MCU to ready it for data transfer Vcc by which the master can power the MCU and a ground and you have all the signals of a standard AVR ISP interface The Omega 328 SB provides a standard
15. pes can be assembled in mere minutes and the process of writing the code can begin just as quickly The resulting prototypes are portable repeatable and robust and not susceptible to accidental damage like circuits built on a solderless breadboard circuit are Using the Enhanced Shield Base To further enhance flexibility in prototype design the Omega 328 SB is equipped with an enhanced Arduino UNO compatible shield base This means that it will accept any shield module that is designed the Arduino UNO or any earlier full sized Arduino board Shields can only be inserted one way The six pin male header of the shield must be aligned with the 6 pin female header on the shield base of the Omega 328 SB Be careful to make sure all other pins are aligned properly before pushing the shield into the shield base The pin spacing of the standard Arduino shield base does not follow standard 0 1 spacing The two larger female headers H5 and H4 on the Omega 328 SB are placed 0 16 apart to aide the proper alignment of shields However this makes it difficult to use standard perf board to make homebrew shields To eliminate this problem the Omega 328 SB has enhanced the standard shield base by adding a second female header at H5 that conforms to a standard 0 1 grid Q Omega MCU Systems Page 6 Copyright 2012 Power Usage Considerations General Considerations With a Vin of 9V the Omega 328 SB power supply is capable of supplyi
16. programmer 3 Connect it to the target slave and initiate programming To Program the MCU with the ArduinolSP sketch 1 Make sure you have an Atmega 328 MCU fhe iat seth Tost Hep with a bootloader inserted in the Omega ca Be 328 SB ZIF socket eke 2 Connect the Omega 328 SB to your PC as on one you would to download a sketch Choose ua Stes the correct port and choose the board type Unload Using Programmer CH Shift U that matches the bootloader in the Atmega ers ps 328 MCU Preferences ieam 3 Got to File gt Examples and choose i ce ArduinolSP 4 Upload this sketch to the Omega 328 SB To configure the board 1 Place the RSEL jumper on the D10 position This allows the MCU on the Omega 328 to reset the target MCU 2 Remove the ARD jumper This prevents the auto rest of the MCU on the Omega 328 SB when the programming software opens the port 3 Remove the LEDD jumper This lessens the loading on the SCK line 4 The Omega 328 is now configured as the Master and will Supply power and programming data to the slave To connect it to the target slave and initiate programming 1 Use the ICSP on the Omega 328 to connect to the target a Ifthe target has a 6 pin ICSP header use a 6 wire female to female IDC cable b Ifthe target is on a breadboard use female to male jumpers c lf the target has other than a 6 pin ICSP header you will need to use appropriate jumpers or make up
17. ual com port driver and assign a com port number Use Device Manager to determine which com port was assigned This will be needed to properly configure the Arduino IDE Alternatively the Omega 328 SB can be configured to use USB supplied power USB capability is provided as a convenience for use Ne eee in prototyping low power consumption and generally well behaved projects To do this simply move the PSEL jumper located just to the right of the regulator to the U position Be aware though that USB supplied power especially under higher and varying loads is not as stable or as reliable as an AC DC adapter This is true of all MCU development platforms despite claims to contrary or lack of warning See more on using USB power in the section on Power Usage Considerations Q Omega MCU Systems Page 4 Copyright 2012 At this point you are ready to begin downloading programs sketches to your MCU The Omega 328 SB has been designed to work with the Arduino IDE which is available at http arduino cc hu Main Software Download and install the Arduino IDE according to the instructions provided on the Arduino site Be sure to choose a board type that is compatible with the bootloader on your microcontroller and the com port that was assigned by Windows when the Omega 328 SB was attached to the host and powered up If you purchased your Omega 328 SB with an Atmega328 microcontroller supplied from an authorized OMS dealer it will ha
18. ve an Arduino Duemilanove bootloader pre loaded If this is the case choose a board type of Duemilanove in the Arduino IDE Usage Building Modular Prototypes One of the main design features of the Omega 328 SB is the ability to directly attach sensor and actuator modules without any additional circuitry or connectivity boards These modules commonly know as bricks use a 3 wire JA f connection to the host controller The three wires carry Signal supply Voltage and Ground and terminate in a standard 3 pin header connector on 0 1 centers These can be directly attached to the headers on the Omega 328 SB where each signal from the MCU is brought out and mated with a 5v and ground pair As indicated by the markings on the headers S V and G signal is the pin closest to the MCU socket supply voltage is in the middle and ground is on the outside Generally speaking the connectors are not keyed and there is no discernable standard to the coloring of the wires However White Signal Red Voltage Black Ground is a common pattern As well placing Voltage between Signal and Ground virtually assures that damage to a module is unlikely That not withstanding it is advisable to consult the documentation Q Omega MCU Systems Page 5 Copyright 2012 supplied with the module to ensure connections are made properly so that they will function properly from the start Using this modular approach proof of concept prototy
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