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An Introduction to ACCOL (D4056)

1. Device Influent Influent Wash Drain Effluent Effluent Valve Pump Pump Valve Valve Pump Step 1 CLOSED OFF OFF CLOSED OPENED ON Step 2 CLOSED OFF OF F CLOSED CLOSED OFF Step 3 CLOSED OFF OF F OPENED CLOSED_ OFF Step 4 CLOSED OFF ON OPENED CLOSED_ OFF Step 5 CLOSED OFF OF F CLOSED CLOSED OFF Step 6 OPENED ON OFF CLOSED OPENED ON The details of this sequence can be stored in a logical array of ON OFF status values The ACCOL programmer creates an array as shown below where each column corresponds to a specific device pump valve etc and each row represents a specific step of the backwash sequence The programmer enters in each element of the array a 1 for ON open start etc or a O for OFF close stop etc Olole eIO OIO O e MO 00 0 r HMO 00019 HMH 0 00019 oO O H J0J0 O The Stepper Module executes the rows in an order specified by the ACCOL programmer for a specified duration When a particular step row is activated the proper status commands for that step are retrieved from the array and output to logical signals in order to drivethe action of the valves pumps etc For details on how to configure the Stepper Module seethe ACCOL II Reference Manual document D4044 Page 5 4 An Introduction to ACCOL Chapter 5 What Are Data Arrays Typical Applications for Read
2. document D4051 When all errors have been corrected and a successful build has been completed you will have an ACCOL Load file PageA 16 An Introduction to ACCOL Appendix A Creating A Sample ACCOL Load IMPORTANT Even though you now have a downloadable ACCOL load file You must ALWAYS keep a copy of your current ACCOL source file ACC The ACC file will be necessary should you ever want to change data in the running ACCOL load It is strongly recommended that you keep a backup copy of your ACC file on diskette Step 10 Download the ACCOL load file into the controller If Open BSI Utilities is running the Downloader utility can be activated from within ACCOL Workbench and the load file can be downloaded into the controller For instructions on downloading see the Open BSI Utilities Manual document D5081 and the ACCOL II Reference Manual document D4044 WARNING Before attempting to perform a download make sure that the controller is isolated from the running process either by disconnecting I O using manual backup systems etc An untested ACCOL load should never be downloaded if the controller is already controlling a process Failure to follow these precautions could result in injury to personnel or damage to process equipment An Introduction to ACCOL PageA 17 Appendix B Working with Floating Point Numbers All digital computers represent numbers as a series of O s and 1
3. s Universal Operator Interface UOI software can configure text based menus and logs to include signal data See the UOl Configuration Manual document D5074 for details If you are using an HMI SCADA software package such as OpenEnterprise Enterprise Server I ntellution FIX I conics Genesis etc signal values may be used to drive the color and appearance of graphic symbols on screen displays trend lines etc See the documentation accompanying the HMI SCADA software for details Page 2 12 An Introduction to ACCOL Chapter 3 What Are Modules What Are Modules Modules are pre programmed structures which are used to perform mathematical communication and process control functions Within ACCOL Workbench the programmer chooses from a library of modules and inserts the selected modules into one or more ACCOL tasks in the source file Each module has a series of terminals which represent its inputs and outputs The programmer wires these terminals in software by typing an ACCOL signal name next to the terminal By placing the same signal name on terminals of different modules the programmer establishes a connection for data flow between the modules In this way data flows from an output terminal of one module to an input terminal of another module and so on How Do Modules Execute When a module executes it reads its input terminals performs any necessary calculations and then updates its output te
4. In order for the user to view the error code however an analog read write error array must be defined The number of the array must be specified yo 34 using the RARRAY system signal The array itself must have four columns and as Task3 0 many rows as the highest numbered task in the system Each row represents an ACCOL Task the columns associated with that row Task 5 24 10 5 Task 3 never created 0 so all zeros in this row oO Task 4 5 3 24 a R oO oO 255 24 An Introduction to ACCOL Page 5 5 Chapter 5 What Are Data Arrays contain data about which type of module or equation in the task caused the error and the error code Note that if there are multiple errors only the most recently detected error will be displayed for each task For a full description of how to configure the error array as well as a description of what each error code means see the 4 RARRAY portion of the System Signals section in the ACCOL II Reference Manual document D4044 ACCOL Workbench when operating in on line mode can also display the meaning of the error code Node Array For Tuning On Off Polling to Selected Network 3000 Nodes in a BSAP Network One important use for a Read Write Logical Array is to set up a node array for turning ON OFF communication requests to slave nodes of this controller The number of the logical array to NDARRAY be used is speci
5. Network 3000 controller may need to communicate with a third party device for example a Modbus device All of these methods of communication must utilize one or more of the controller s communication ports The number of ports available varies depending upon the model of the controller The Communication Ports section of the ACCOL II Reference Manual document D4044 contains a description of each type of port and each available configuration option NOTE The discussion of communication ports in this chapter is limited to the BSAP Bristol Synchronous Asynchronous Protocol ports Master Slave etc The subject of using Internet Protocol IP ports is beyond the scope of this manual See the Network 3000 Communications Configuration Guide document D5080 for more information How Are Communication Ports Defined Communication Ports are defined m er in the COMMUNICATIONS p eea alala section of the ACCOL source file a ACCOL Workbench provides a dialog box for editing this section Hi rs shown at right Unused Unused Unused See the ACCOL Workbench User pee Be Manual document D4051 for foe information on configuring these addtional Butters ports Communications Timestamp An Introduction to ACCOL Page 7 1 Chapter 7 How Are Communication Ports Used Examples of Communication Port Usage The fictitious Bristolville Water Treatment Plant has two Network 3000 controllers RPC1
6. Page 2 2 This is the starting value as specified in the ACCOL source file which this signal will have when the ACCOL load is initially downloaded into the Network 3000 controller The signal will maintain its initial state or value until such time as it is changed either manually through the intervention of an operator or via control instructions in the ACCOL load The manual inhibit enable flag is a status value associated with the signal which determines whether or not an operator can change the value of the signal The value of a manually enabled signal can be altered by an operator When a signal is manually inhibited however an operator cannot change the signal s value without first manually enabling the signal The control inhibit enable flag is a status value associated with the signal which determines whether or not the execution of ACCOL control logic modules tasks etc can change the value of the signal The value of a control enabled signal can be altered by An Introduction to ACCOL Chapter 2 What Are Signals Base name Text ACCOL control logic When a signal is control inhibited however control logic cannot change the signal s value This flag is sometimes referred to as AUTO MANUAL Every signal has a base name If desired a descriptive text message may be associated with the base name The full text of this message is only visible in those SCADA HMI packages which are specifically equ
7. using Bristol s voice mail system Telephone Support Technical Questions During regular business hours Bristol Babcock s Application Support Group can provide telephone support for your technical questions For technical questions regarding ACCOL ACCOL Workbench Open BSI products as well as ACCOL DOS based Tools or UOI call 860 945 2286 Before you call please find out the version of software you are using For technical questions regarding Bristol s OpenE nterprise product call 860 945 2501 or e mail openenterprise bristolbabcock com For technical questions regarding Bristol s Enterprise Server Enterprise Workstation products call 860 945 2286 For technical questions regarding Network 3000 hardware products call 860 945 2502 For technical questions about ControlWave call 860 945 2244 or 860 945 2286 You can e mail the Application Support Group at bsupport bristolbabcock com The Application Support Group also maintains a bulletin board for downloading software updates to customers To access the bulletin board dial 860 945 2251 Modem settings 14 4K baud maximum No parity 8 data bits 1 Stop bit l For assistance in interfacing Bristol Babcock hardware to radios contact Communication Technologies in Orlando FL at 407 629 9463 or 407 629 9464 Telephone Support Non Technical Questions Product Orders etc Questions of a non technical nature product orders literature requests pri
8. 4 points from the Board Type field and click on the Insert push button When finished the dialog box should look as shown above Click on the OK push button to exit the PROCESS I O section Step 6 Define signals Now that we ve defined the characteristics of the controller let s get to work on the problem at hand controlling the flow in the pipe To start off let s create some signals We know that we need an analog signal for the incoming flow data To create this signal double click on the Signals icon El Signals Page A 6 An Introduction to ACCOL Appendix A Creating A Sample ACCOL Load The Specify Signal Filter dialog box will appear This dialog box lets you limit which types of signals are displayed in the Signal window Specify Signal Filter x Extension r O O Cancel Attribute i Types V Analog M Logical MV AnalogAlarm M Logical Alarm M String Tl Include system signals J ust click on the OK push button An empty signals window will appear 3 ACCOL PM1 lt Signals gt ofl x Click on Edit in the menu bar and Insert in the pull down menu and the Signal Properties dialog box Signal Properties x General Settings will appear Choose Analog from Base Name Fi 01 the Type list box and type F101 Extension In in the Base Name field IN in the Pe a i Attribute JNU Extension field
9. BSI used to define your communication network and to start communications See the Open BSI Utilities Manual document D5081 for details a product name for a family of Bristol Babcock digital remote process controllers and related equipment G 4 Node Open Bristol System Interface Open BSI Points Preemptive Multi Tasking Process I O Process O boards RAM Read only Read Priority Read Write Redundant a Network 3000 controller which is part of a network of controllers see Open BSI stands for Open Bristol System Interface Open BSI is a set of software utility programs which facilitate data collection and communications with a network of Bristol Babcock Network 3000 series controllers The utilities in the standard Open BSI set include NetView LocalView DataView and the Downloader these are input output I O connections on a process I O board a method in which multiple ACCOL tasks execute concurrently however those with higher priority are always executed first the input output I O data from a process or plant This data comes from devices such as meters pressure switches temperature transmitters etc This type of data comes into the controller through Process I O boards these are hardware devices installed in slots in the Network 3000 controller which are used to send and receive process I O data See Process I O Random Access Memory This is memory that can be both read
10. How Are Communication Ports Used 7 1 Chapter 8 What Should I Know About Memory eisereen 8 1 Chapter 9 What Are Signal LIST nennen 1 chapter 10 What Are Archive ESE ee 10 1 Appendix A Creating A Sample ACCOL Load A 1 Appendix B Working with Floating Point NUMDETS r B 1 Ere e AE ATE ANE ANE IATE ANENE ATE OTE EATE AEA TE A TEE G 1 Chapter 1 Introduction What is ACCOL What is ACCOL Operator Workstation equipped with ACCOL is an acronym which stands for ACCOL Tools software Advanced Communications and Control ig including Workbench Oriented Language The initial concept for ven ACCOL was developed at Bristol in the MMI SCADA Software g0 Ent FIX G is etc early 1970s and has since become the IE standard software programming language for Bristol Babcock Network 3000 series OPEN BSI COMMUNICATIONS LAYER devices Several newer generations of the language have been developed since then Network of Bristol Babcock Controllers The current versions of the ACCOL c language as well as the ACCOL Tools software which is used to create programs zg in the language have incorporated numerous features and improvements suggested b
11. Placing that same signal name on another terminal establishes a connection between the modules the value of a signal on an output terminal of one module serves as an input to another module and so on This section will describe the five different types of signals logical logical alarm analog analog alarm and string A special set of signals created by the system called system signals will also be discussed Before covering these topics however it s important to discuss signal naming conventions and signal characteristics Signal Naming Conventions Every signal has a unique name Signal names are divided up into three parts as shown below base_nameextension attri bute The signal base_name can be from 1 to 8 characters in length and must begin with a letter The remaining characters can be any mixture of numbers and letters The signal extension can be any mixture of O to 6 letters or numbers The signal attribute can be any mixture of 0 to 4 letters or numbers Note the presence of periods between the base name and extension and between the extension and attribute These serve as separator characters between each part of the signal name and are always required If the signal contains no attribute the signal name should include an ending period i e baseextension and if neither an extension nor an attribute is used the signal name should have two ending periods i e base Here are some examples of va
12. Write Arrays Read Write arrays are used for data which changes during execution either via ACCOL logic or via operator intervention Storing Hourly Totals or Averages One common usage would be for storing hourly flow temperature and pressure totals for a natural gas pipeline compressor station COMPRSR5 FLOW For this example application the programmer has COMPRSR5 PRESUR created three analog signals named COMPRSR5 TEMP COMPRSR5 PRESUR COMPRSRS5 TEMP and COMPRSR5 FLOW which contain the current E pressure temperature and flow totals respectively L gt 22 3 for this compressor station 1 Each of these signals is wired to one of the INPUT 2 terminals of the Storage Module Every hour the value of these signals will be copied using the Storage Module into the next available row of a 3 4 column by 24 row read write analog array For information on using the Storage Module see the ACCOL II Reference Manual document D4044 24 Detecting Task Execution Errors Task Line number containing error Sometimes an ACCOL programmer Expression containing error configures structures which result in illegal Calculator Modules only otherwise 0 operations For example entering a na Error Code calculator equation which attempts to divide a value by zero Such errors are detected by Type of Module Statement in which error occurred Task 1 60 12 4 24 the firmware
13. a Windows based tool which combines the necessary functions for ACCOL program generation with the cut paste search and replace capabilities of a text editor The ACCOL programmer uses ACCOL Workbench to construct an ACCOL source file The ACCOL source file consists of ASCII text and has a file extension of ACC When editing the source file the programmer selects from a large set of pre programmed ACCOL software module templates and control statements which can be inserted in the source file These modules and statements perform common mathematical communication and process control functions Each module receives a series of input values upon which it performs eur ANALOG_SIGNAT_OR_VALUE certain calculations It then generates PEifRIN ANALOG SICHAT OR VALUE a series of output values which may PROPORTION ANALOG_SIGNAL_OR_VALUE INTEGRAL ANALOG_SIGNAL_OR VALUE be used by other modules For DERIVATIVE ANALOG_SIGNAL_OR_VALUE RESET ANALOG SIGNAL OR VALUE example the PID3TERM module TRACK LOGICAL SIGNAL generates outputs which allow ERROR ANALOG SIGNAL proportional integral and derivative control over an input value Each module includes a set of module terminals which are used to specify the inputs and outputs of the module The name of an ACCOL signal or in some cases just a numerical value is entered on the required module terminals Signals are software structures which allow data to be pas
14. an older RBE message could arrive after an alarm message thereby overwriting newer data with older data Because of this interaction of the two data collection methods it is recommended that alarm signals NOT be designated as RBE signals For more information on Report by Exception see the ACCOL II Reference Manual document D4044 An Introduction to ACCOL Page 2 5 Chapter 2 What Are Signals Alarm OFF with this choice an alarm message is generated when the signal turns OFF and a return to normal alarm message is generated when the signal turns ON Change of State with this choice an alarm message is generated anytime the signal changes state from ON to OFF or from OFF toON Alarm Inhibit Enable Flag The alarm inhibit enable flag is a status value associated with the signal which determines whether or not alarm messages will be transmitted Setting this flag to Enable allows transmission of alarm messages to occur Setting this flag to Inhibit prevents the transmission of alarm messages from this signal Analog Signals Analog signals are used to store numerical data Examples of such data might include temperature readings pressure readings or flow totals The numerical data is stored as 4 byte floating point numbers in IEEE format The non zero numerical value of an analog signal can range from 1 175494 x 10 to 3 402823 x 10 Analog signals have the following characteristics in ad
15. and RPC2 to monitor various processes throughout the plant and a third Network 3000 controller named DC1 at the top of the network RPC1 controls the levels of a water tank RPC2 operates some Operator Workstation chlorination pumps Both RPC1 running Open BSI and and RPC2 will havea Slave Port HMI software N configured for 19 200 baud COM1 operation RPC2 also has a Se Custom Port configured so that it ER can send and receive data from a chlorine analyzer unit which communicates using the Modbus protocol ig I 1 Ill U Slave Port DCL serves as a data Master Port concentrator or communications interface at the top of the network Any Network 3000 controller with a Master Port connected to one or more slave Slave Port nodes can serve as a data am concentrator While a data Custom Port concentrator is not usually required it is useful in many systems to make decisions based on inputs from several slave nodes D T gt D T O N AN l L Slave Port i U gt O 323 lt 2 Oo RPC1 and RPC2 can each control their own areas of operation DC1 can monitor both to issue control commands to
16. as shown at right For a full description of how to configure the node array see the NDARRAY portion of the System Signals section in the ACCOL II Reference Manual document D4044 Page 5 6 An Introduction to ACCOL Chapter 5 What Are Data Arrays Detecting Process I O Board Diagnostic Failures If a failure is detected in one of a controller s process I O boards the resulting error code can be stored in a Read Write Logical Array The array must be specified using the DIAG 002 system signal and must have as many rows as the number of process I O board slots in the controller The first eight columns display the error code in binary with OFF and ON represented as 0 and 1 respectively Additional columns display more information In the figure below the analog input board in slot 3 is experiencing an amplifier gain failure A full description of how to configure and interpret entries in this array is included in the DIAG 002 portion of the System Signals section of the ACCOL II Reference Manual document D4044 Columns 1 8 Columns 10 16 Failure Info Board Type Code EEE Slot 10I00 I0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1100 0 1 Slot 2 0 00 00010 01010 01100110 Slot 3 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0100 010 1 1 1 1 Slot 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 10 000 Column 9 Missing or incorrect board type hot card replacement or power failure recovery An Intro
17. know anything about memory other than there is a finite amount of it in the controller and the more structures you put in your ACCOL load the more memory of this finite amount gets used If you are using more than the default memory configuration or you are using certain ACCOL structures Storage Modules Audit Trail Alarms Events custom port applications then you do need to know a little more about memory The next section describes a little about what memory is If you are comfortable with the basic concepts of Network 3000 memory you can skip to the section called What Configuration Needs To BePerformed Background What is Memory As a Network 3000 series controller runs its ACCOL load the CPU central processing unit of the controller executes each instruction in the ACL file These instructions and the data associated with them are read from and or written to physical locations within computer chips in the controller These physical locations are referred to as memory They are similar to memory you might have in your personal computer at home The amount of memory in your Network 3000 controller varies depending upon the model of controller and the purchased memory options The amount of memory needed for your ACCOL load varies depending upon the types of modules control statements and structures included in the source file Information in memory is stored as a series of O s and 1 s each 0 or T is refer
18. row of the array represents required signal outputs for a step in the sequence Encode Module Function 8 of the Encode Module allows array rows or columns to be shifted within the array in a specified direction This simplifies array manipulation in a variety of applications Calculator Module Individual array elements cells can be read using Calculator equations In addition array elements in read write arrays can be changed using Calculator equations See the Calculator section of the ACCOL II Reference Manual document D4044 for details All of these modules are discussed in detail in the ACCOL II Reference Manual document D4044 Page 5 2 An Introduction to ACCOL Chapter 5 What Are Data Arrays Typical Applications For Read Only Arrays Because read only arrays cannot be changed they are typically used to store reference information which the ACCOL logic will refer to later Steam Table One possible application for a read only analog array is to store a steam table In the figure shown below a portion of a steam table is shown in an array format The first column represents absolute pressure and the top most row represents a range of temperatures The remaining array elements represent enthalpy in units of BTUs per pound of steam 10 360 380 400 420 450 80 1211 0 1221 5 1231 5 1240 3 1255 7 85 1210 0 1220 5 1230 7 1239 7 1255 1 90 1209 0 1219 8 1230
19. s Each 0 or T is referred to as a bit ACCOL analog floating point signals in Bristol Babcock s Network 3000 series controllers use 32 such bits and these bits are organized according to the single precision IEEE floating point standard This industry standard provides compatibility and the necessary degree of accuracy for most applications When single precision floating point numbers are added however the smaller number will lose precision if the difference between the exponent of the most significant digit of the larger number of the expression and the exponent of the least significant digit in the smaller number of the expression is greater than 7 Here are some examples to clarify this rule Say a metering station is recording accumulated flow totals in an analog signal The current total number of gallons is 623 71 A new reading of 12 274 gallons is to be added tothetotal The most significant digit in the larger number is the 6 in 623 71 Shown in exponential notation it is 6 10 Similarly the least significant digit in the smaller number is the 4 in 12 274 or 4 10 The difference between the exponents is 5 i e 2 3 5 Since this is not greater than 7 there is no loss of precision and the result is 635 984 As a second example say we have a station accumulating the amount of natural gas flowing in a pipeline The accumulated total for the month is 8 384 983 0 cubic feet An additional 25 443 cu
20. signal named F101 LAG to the INTEGRAL terminal The F101 LAG signal will allow the operator to specify a lag time in minutes so that changes in the module input F101 IN NL will be reacted to gradually so as to reduce wear on the control valve Type F101 IN on the OUTPUT terminal This signal will be used to reflect a gradual change of the input based on the lag time For example if F101 1N NL quickly changes from 1 to 5 and F101 LAG is three minutes then the value of F101 IN will gradually ramp up from 1 to 5 over a three minute period We didn t need to explicitly create F101 IN in the Signals window earlier because it will automatically be classified as an analog signal based on the context in which it is used and it has no initial value Leave the DERIVATIVE and RESET terminals alone 20 LEAD LAG When you re finished the LEAD LAG DERIVATIVE ANALOG STCNAL OR_VALUE Module should appear as shown INTEORAL ei san OUTPUT F101 IN An Introduction to ACCOL PageA 13 Appendix A Creating A Sample ACCOL Load Now insert a PID3TERM Module after the LEAD LAG Module The INPUT to the module is the F101 IN signal from the LEAD LAG Module so type that name on the INPUT terminal on PID3TERM Drag the signal F101 1 from the Signals window to the INTEGRAL terminal of the PID3TERM module or just type the name Drag the signal F101 P from the Signals window to the PROPORTION terminal of the PID3TER
21. take precedence over tasks which perform less important calculations The ACCOL source file may include other structures which allow for data storage and management such as signal lists and data arrays These subjects will be discussed later in this manual 7 i f ea The modules terminals signals and the connections between them all exist in the software program which executes in the controller There are no physical modules to be wired together Unless otherwise noted whenever these terms are used in this book they refer to software structures in the ACCOL not physical hardware devices Page 1 4 An Introduction to ACCOL Chapter 1 Introduction Once the ACCOL source file has been completed it must be translated into a format which is compatible with the Network 3000 series controller To perform this translation the ACCOL programmer initiates an ACCOL Workbench build command If there are no errors in the ACCOL source file the build command generates an intermediate ACCOL Object File ACO and a final ACCOL Load File ACL All of the modules and statements originally entered in the ACCOL source file are stored as machine readable instructions in the ACCOL Load file The ACCOL Load file generally referred to as simply the ACCOL load may then be downloaded into the memory of the Network 3000 series controller What is ACCOL ACCOL Programmer creates edits an ACCOL Source File using ACC
22. used to represent information in computers Bristol Synchronous Asynchronous Protocol A group of 8 bits A collection of alpha numeric information For example PUMP NUMBER 4 is a string of 13 characters which includes spaces is a condition in which the Network 3000 controller has lost all accumulated data either because of a watchdog failure or because the operator has pressed the unit s reset button Upon cold start the unit will wait for a new ACCOL load to be downloaded unless one already has been stored in EPROM or FLASH memory these are devices on the Network 3000 controller which allow the controller to exchange data with other controllers and devices these are statements which may be included in an ACCOL Task to modify the execution of the task Common control statements include SUSPEND RESUME ABORT IF ENDIF etc G 2 Data Array s Data Concentrator Deadband DIAG6 Download DPC EPROM Expanded Memory FLASH Human M achine Interface HMI these are tables of values Arrays can contain either logical values 1 for ON O for OFF or floating point analog values This is a Network 3000 controller which has a Master Port through which it accepts data from one or more slave controllers Data concentrators are typically used when ACCOL control decisions must be made based on data from morethan one controller this is a value used to provide a range above or below an alarm li
23. 0 1239 1 1254 5 A user could configure a Function Module to access the array The Function Module uses the values in row 1 and column 1 to locate appropriate array cells For example if the Function module ROW terminal is 85 and the Function module COLUMN terminal is 400 the Function module OUTPUT terminal will have a value of 1230 7 If the ROW and COLUMN values fall between the values in the rows and columns an interpolation will be performed For example if the ROW terminal is 85 and the column terminal is 390 a value halfway between the 380 COLUMN value of 1220 5 and the 400 COLUMN value of 1230 7 will be calculated resulting in an OUTPUT value of 1225 6 For details on how to configure the Function Module see the ACCOL II Reference Manual document D4044 Output Statuses For A Water Filter Backwash Sequence One possible use of a logical read only array would be to hold the status values to be used for each step of a water filter backwash sequence in a water treatment plant For example let s say that a simple water treatment plant has three valves and three pumps which are used as part of a backwash sequence The details of the sequence are presented in the table on the next page Note This sequence has been greatly simplified for purposes of explaining the Stepper Module the details of an actual backwash sequence are longer and more complex An Introduction to ACCOL Page 5 3 Chapter 5 What Are Data Arrays
24. 2001 Bristol Babcock 1100 Buckingham St Watertown CT 06795 No part of this manual may be reproduced in any form without the express written permission of Bristol Babcock A Few Words About Bristol Babcock For over 100 years Bristol has been providing innovative solutions for the measurement and control industry Our product lines range from simple analog chart recorders to sophisticated digital remote process controllers and flow computers all the way to turnkey SCADA systems Over the years we have become a leading supplier to the electronic gas measurement water purification and wastewater treatment industries On off shore oil platforms on natural gas pipelines and maybe even at your local water company there are Bristol Babcock instruments controllers and systems running year in and year out to provide accurate and timely data to our customers Getting Additional Information In addition to the information contained in this manual you may receive additional assistance in using Bristol Babcock products from the following sources Contacting Bristol Babcock Directly Bristol Babcock s world headquarters are located at 1100 Buckingham Street Watertown Connecticut 06795 U S A Our main phone numbers are 860 945 2200 860 945 2213 FAX Regular office hours are Monday through Friday 8 00AM to 4 30PM Eastern Time excluding holidays and scheduled factory shutdowns During other hours callers may leave messages
25. Additional Butters Communications 0 Timestamp 0 Page A 4 An Introduction to ACCOL Appendix A Creating A Sample ACCOL Load We will want to define one port for communication with the operator workstation running Open BSI Utilities software This should be configured as a Slave Port which will allow us to download into the unit To configure Port B as a Slave Port click on PORT_B Unused in the list box then click on the Change Type push button The Change Type dialog box will appear Select Slave from the list box and click on the OK push button Change Type x Unused Master Expanded Master Cancel ib Pseudo Slave Pseudo Slave Alarms VSAT Slave Serial CFE Remote 1 0 Optional Comm I nnner The Slave Settings dialog box will appear Use Cancel Change Type the default baud rate of 9600 or change it using the Baud Rate list box then dick on the OK push button Baud Rate Another port called a Pseudo Slave Port will be used for local communication if a technician wants to connect a laptop running Open BSI Click on PORT_A Unused and define a Pseudo Slave Port at 9600 baud using the same method used above for defining a Slave Port Finally it s a good idea to set aside some extra communication buffers Type 20 in the Communications field under Additional Buffers ACCOL PH1 lt Communications gt When fini
26. An Introduction to ACCOL Formerly known as The ACCOL Textbook Notice Copyright Notice The information in this document is subject to change without notice Every effort has been made to supply complete and accurate information However Bristol Babcock assumes no responsibility for any errors that may appear in this document Bristol Babcock does not guarantee the accuracy sufficiency or suitability of the software delivered herewith The Customer shall inspect and test such software and other materials to his her satisfaction before using them with important data There are no warranties expressed or implied including those of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose concerning the software and other materials delivered herewith Request for Additional Instructions Additional copies of instruction manuals may be ordered from the address below per attention of the Sales Order Processing Department List the instruction book numbers or give the complete model serial or software version number Furnish a return address that includes the name of the person who will receive the material Billing for extra copies will be according to current pricing schedules ACCOL is a trademark and Bristol is a registered trademark of Bristol Babcock Other trademarks or copyrighted products mentioned in this document are for information only and belong to their respective companies or trademark holders Copyright c
27. CCOL load They are similar to variables or tags in other programming languages The ACCOL programmer enters a signal name on a module terminal By placing the same signal name on a terminal of a different module the modules are said to be wired together and data can pass between them i e the value of a signal on an output terminal of one module becomes an input to another module and so on There are five types of signals in ACCOL Logical Logical Alarm Analog Analog Alarm and String a signal list is a way to group signals together Signals are referenced by their position in the list Several ACCOL modules are available for referencing signal lists is a method of process control in which a supervisory computer typically running MMI software collects data from a network of remote process controllers displays the data for an operator and allows the operator to issue commands which are sent out to control the process these are special ACCOL signals distinguished by a as the first character in the signal base name which are created by the system for various housekeeping purposes G 6 Task Task Control Statements Task Priority Task Rate Terminals Top Level Node s Warm Start Watchdog Word Write Priority They may be used by the ACCOL programmer but cannot be created or deleted by the ACCOL programmer see ACCOL Task s see Control Statements is a value assigned by
28. COL source file as either constants or as signals When the value of an analog alarm signal passes one of its alarm limits an alarm message is generated In the case of a high or high high alarm the alarm condition does not clear i e generate a return to normal alarm message until the value of the signal goes below the alarm limit minus the value of the high deadband In the case of a low or low low alarm the alarm condition does not clear until the value of the signal rises above the alarm limit plus the value of the low deadband An example of alarm limits and deadbands is illustrated in the figure on the opposite page In this example we are showing a plot of the value of a signal measuring Celsius In order for alarm limits to function properly the high high limit must be a higher number than the high limit the high limit must be a higher number than the low limit and the low low limit must be a lower number than the low limit In addition deadbands should always be entered as positive numbers Page 2 8 An Introduction to ACCOL Chapter 2 What Are Signals temperature as it fluctuates over time The four alarm limits and two deadbands are shown in the figure The normal range for this signal is temperatures between 40 C and 70 C Temperatures outside of this range are considered to be alarm conditions Starting from the left of the graph the value of the signal increases until it reaches 70 C the h
29. L LI Reference Manual D4044 and contact Bristol Babcock Application Support for more information The term I O is an abbreviation for input output and refers to data coming in and going out of a particular device The Process I O board is an electronic device board card in the controller through which data comes in and out from field instrumentation the process An Introduction to ACCOL Page 1 1 Chapter 1 Introduction What is ACCOL the controllers can execute pre programmed instructions to control a process For example in response to data collected from field instruments the controller can issue commands to open valves when a certain pressure is reached or to start compressors or pumps if a flow rate decreases below setpoint All of these pre programmed instructions are written using ACCOL In addition to directly controlling a process a Network 3000 controller can serve as a node in a communications network Each controller node can thus share its data with other controllers Data is sent to the network through one or more of the controller s communication ports f controllers are located near each other network connections can be hard wired with cables Controllers which are far away can communicate through dial up modems using either dedicated phone lines or the public telephone system F or some applications radio or satellite links may be appropriate Typically one or more PC workstations
30. M module or just type the name Drag the signal F101 SET from the Signals window to the SETPOINT terminal of the PID3TERM module or just type the name Type F101 D on the DERIVATIVE terminal of the PID3TERM module We didn t create it earlier so we cant drag it in This signal may be used by the operator to determine how much the change of the input should affect the output of the module Type F101 0UT on the OUTPUT terminal Again this is analog based on its usage It is the actual output that will be sent to the control valve Type F101 RESET on the RESET terminal and F101 TRACK on the TRACK terminal F101 RESET is an analog signal based on its usage and F101 TRACK is a logical signal based on its usage These signals are used by the module to prevent the OUTPUT terminal from going out of range 30 PID3TERM terminals can be left alone The an ek ane finished PID3TERM Module PROPORTION F101 P ms INTEGRAL F101 1 should appear as shown at nn ae right RESET F101 RESET TRACK F101 TRACK OUTPUT F101 0UT ERROR ANALOG_SIGNAL Finally we need to insert an ANOUT Module in order to send the analog output data out to the control valve Follow the same method used previously for inserting modules Type a 1 on both the DEVICE and INITIAL terminals of the ANOUT Module This causes the module to reference the first process I O slot in the controller which we identified in Step 5 as an Analog
31. MD PUMP2 START CMD PUMP3 START CMD PUMP4 START CMD If all of these signals are placed in a signal list theDEMUX module can be used to select which of the four pumps should be started The signal PUMP START is set to ON and the signal PUMP SELECT allows the operator to choose which of the pump command signals will be turned on by PUMP START The value of PUMP SELECT specifies the position in the list which will receive the value of PUMP START 50 DEMUX INPUT PUMP START SELECT PUMP SELECT OUTLIST 15 if operator enters 3 for PUMP SELECT LIST 15 1 PUMP1 START CMD 2 PUMP2 START CMD 3 PUMP3 START CMD 4 PUMP4 START CMD then PUMP3 START CMD is set equal to the value of PUMPSTART For more information on the DEMUX Module see the ACCOL II Reference Manual document D4044 Page 9 2 An Introduction to ACCOL Chapter 9 What Are Signal Lists Specifying An Event List For the Audit EAudit Module The Audit Trail or Extended Audit Trail EAudit Modules allow signal value changes for selected signals to be stored in a buffer The buffer may then be read and output by a Logger Module by the Open BSI DataView utility or by UOI commands A list of signals for which value changes will be stored called the event list must be created In the example below six signals are included in list number 12 This list serves as the event list for the Audit Module and is referenced on t
32. N terminals are used to specify the range of valid values for the INPUT signal ZERO represents the lowest value and SPAN is added to that value to determine the highest value For this signal F101 IN NL its range is 0 to 250 GPM Note that we could have simply entered constant values for ZERO and SPAN but then they could not be changed on line When finished the ANIN module should appear as shown m ACCOL PM1 lt Code for Task 1 gt TASK 1 RATE 0 200000 PRI 1 10 ANIN DEVICE 2 INITIAL 1 INPUT 1 F101 IM NL ZERO 1 F101 ZERO SPAN 1 F101 S5PAN PageA 12 An Introduction to ACCOL Appendix A Creating A Sample ACCOL Load Next let s insert the LEAD LAG Module which will be used to delay the rate at which input fluctuations are responded to Place the cursor on the line immediately following the end of the ANIN module and use the same technique used for inserting the ANIN module except insert a LEAD LAG module It should appear as shown in the i 1 0 ANIH 4 window at right DEVICE r INITIAL 1 INPUT 1 F101 IM NL ZERO 1 F101 ZERO SPAN i F101 SPAN Eo LEAD LAG UT AMNALOG_SIGNAL_OR_VALUE DERIVATIVE ANALOG SIGNAL OR VALUE INTEGRAL ANALOG SIGNAL _OR_VALUE RESET LOGICA N OUTPUT ANALOG SIGNAL i Drag F101 IN NL from the Signals window to the INPUT terminal of the LEAD LAG Module or just type it In doing this we have wired the ANIN and LEAD LAG modules together Next drag the
33. NCL OR EXCL OR and other operators related specifically to signals and strings 60 CALCULATOR 10 IF TANK7 WATER LEVL gt 12 amp DRAIN ENABLE ON 20 OPEN DRAIN VALV 0N 30 ENDIF How Are Modules Placed in the ACCOL Source File Modules are inserted inside ACCOL Tasks in the ACCOL source file ACCOL Tasks are discussed in the next section For information about inserting modules in them see the ACCOL Workbench User Manual document D4051 An Introduction to ACCOL Page 3 3 Chapter 4 What Are ACCOL Tasks What Are ACCOL Tasks An ACCOL task is a series of modules and control statements which execute sequentially as a functional block Task execution occurs at a user specified rate and priority ACCOL tasks provide a way to organize the ACCOL source file into smaller more manageable pieces For example at a compressor station for a natural gas pipeline there are critical flow temperature and pressure calculations as well as I O operations these might fit well in one high priority task Less critical calculations such as daily flow totals and averages might be separated out into a lower priority task Communication through master modules may be handled through yet another task Each ACCOL task is assigned a unique number ACCOL supports over 100 tasks however most users find that using a few tasks is most efficient Communication Between Tasks Data is transferred from one task to another
34. OL Workbench AccolCAD or any ASCII text editor A X Edit Y ACCOL Source File File Extension ACC ACCOL Workbench Build command generates an intermediate ACCOL Object File and a final ACCOL Load File Build ACCOL Load File File Extension ACL ACCOL Object File File Extension ACO The ACCOL Load File contains machine readable instructions and is downloaded into the Network 3000 series controller using the Open BSI Downloader The controller then executes the FF 77575 instructions Download I II 0 Once in memory the controller will begin executing each of the machine readable instructions in the ACCOL load in order to perform whatever measurement and control duties are required for its particular application The ACO file is useful only for certain ACCOL Tools it may NOT be edited by the user Downloading is performed using the Open BSI Downloader An Introduction to ACCOL Page 1 5 Chapter 2 What Are Signals What Are Signals Signals are the primary vehicle by which data is passed from module to module in the ACCOL load They are similar to variables in other programming languages The ACCOL programmer uses signals to specify the inputs to and outputs from ACCOL modules By placing an ACCOL signal name on a module terminal that terminal is said to be wired to that signal
35. Output board and the first output point on that board Type the signal name F101 TRACK on the TRACK terminal F101 RESET on the RESET terminal and F101 0UT on the OUTPUT terminal Page A 14 An Introduction to ACCOL Appendix A Creating A Sample ACCOL Load Type in a value of 0 on the ZERO terminal This represents the 0 output for the flow control valve Type in a value of 100 on the SPAN terminal This represents the 100 output for the flow control valve The completed ACCOL task should appear as follows TASK 1 RATE 0 200000 PRI 1 10 ANIN DEVICE 2 INITIAL 1 INPUT al F101 IN NL ZERO 1 F101 ZERO SPAN 1 F101 SPAN 20 LEAD LAG INPUT F101 IN NL DERIVATIVE ANALOG SIGNAL OR_VALUE INTEGRAL F101 LAG RESET LOGICAL SIGNAL OUTPUT F101 IN 30 PID3TERM INPUT F101 IN SETPOINT F101 SET DEADBAND ANALOG SIGNAL OR_VALUE PROPORTION F101 P INTEGRAL F101 I DERIVATIVE F101 D RESET F101 RESET TRACK F101 TRACK OUTPUT F101 OUT ERROR ANALOG_SIGNAL 40 ANOUT DEVICE aT INITIAL J OUTPUT 1 F101 OUT ZERO 1 0 SPAN 100 TRACK 1 F101 TRACK RESET alt F101 RESET Step 8 Save As Save in amp acc stuf z7 fal el Save the ACCOL source file Click on File in the menu bar and Save As in the pull down menu Enter a file name in the File Name field in this case we used the name myload and click on the OK push button Your edits will be saved in a f
36. Page 1 3 Chapter 1 Introduction What is ACCOL By entering the same signal name on terminals of different modules a connection between the modules is established and the modules are said to be wired together In this way the output of one module serves as the input to another module allowing data values to be shared between modules TASK 2 RATE 1 000000 PRI 1 REDUN 0 10 C OBTAIN FLOW VALUE FROM ANALOG PROCESS I O BOARD 20 ANIN DEVICE 1 INITIAL 1 INPUT 1 F201 FLOW IN ZERO 1 F201 FLOW ZERO SPAN 1 F201 FLOW SPAN 30 C SMOOTH OUT INPUT FLUCTUATIONS WITH LEAD LAG MODULE 40 LEAD LAG INPUT F201 FLOW IN DERIVATIVE F201 DERIY INTEGRAL F201 INT RESET LEADLAG RESET SIG OUTPUT F201 FLOW LL 50 C COMPARE NEW VALUE WITH OPERATOR SETPOINT 60 COMPARATOR MODE COMP MODE INPUT F201 FLOW LL SETPOINT F201 FLOW SP DEADBAND F201 FLOW DB OUTPUT_1 F201 FLOW HIGH ATTAT rand rram TATT The programmer combines the appropriate modules and control statements together into functional blocks called ACCOL Tasks ACCOL tasks provide a way to divide up the source file and make it more manageable Although an ACCOL source file can theoretically include more than 100 tasks most ACCOL programmers find that using a few tasks say less than ten is most efficient Each ACCOL task executes at a user defined rate and with a user defined priority In this way tasks which perform critical process control operations can
37. STATEMENTS Page 4 4 An Introduction to ACCOL Chapter 4 What Are ACCOL Tasks IF ENDIF ELSE ELSEIF FOR ENDFOR GOTO RESUME SUSPEND WAIT DELAY WAIT DI RWAIT DI WAIT FOR WAIT TIME How Are ACCOL Tasks Created Each task has a separate TASK fm ACCOL Phi lt Code for Task 1 gt section in the ACCOL source file TASK 1 RATE 0 200000 PRI 1 Tasks are inserted in the file within ACCOL Workbench For information on doing this see the ACCOL Workbench User Manual document D4051 An Introduction to ACCOL Page 4 5 Chapter 5 What Are Data Arrays What Are Data Arrays Data arrays are essentially tables They are organized in rows and columns and each array element cell can hold a single piece of data Arrays can be one dimensional 1 column by n number of rows OR two dimensional m columns by n number of rows 1 2 3 4 m A particular array includes either all analog data or all logical data data types cannot be mixed within the same array Arrays are identified by a number from 1 to 255 There can be up to 255 logical arrays and 255 analog arrays Both types of arrays can share the same numbers for example there can be a logical array 1 as well as an analog array 1 All arrays are accessible by any ACCOL task in the ACCOL load Each array is Classified as either Read Only RO or Read Write RW Data entries for a Read Onl
38. X and DEMUX modules Page 3 2 An Introduction to ACCOL Chapter 3 What Are Modules Communication Modules 40 MASTER REMOTE ANALOG SIGNAL OR_VALUE POINT ANALOG_SIGNAL_OR VALUE These modules support data transmission KR os SIGNAL OR VALUE 1 H OUTTYPE ANALOG SIGNAL OR VALUE through the controller s communication nn a re ports Among the most commonly used INLIST ANALOG_SIGNAL_OR_VALUE modules are MASTER SLAVE STATUS 1 ANALOG LOGICAL STGNAL EMASTER LOGGER CUSTOM a N IP_CLIENT and IP_SERVER Process Control Modules i 50 PID3TERM INPUT ANALOG_SIGNAL_OR VALUE i i SETPOINT ANALOG SIGNAL OR VALUE These modules implement algorithms SETPOINT ae which are useful for process control PROPORTION ANALOG_SIGNAL_OR_VALUE INTEGRAL ANALOG SIGNAL OR VALUE applications including PID loop control DERIVATIVE ANALOG_SIGNAL_OR_VALUE PID3TERM LEAD LAG SCHEDULER RPT ana en OUTPUT ANALOG SIGNAL SEQUENCER and STEPPER TEA Calculator Module One module which deserves special mention is the CALCULATOR module If you are unable to find a module which suits your needs you may often be able to create the needed module yourself by entering statements in a Calculator Module This module supports a wide range of arithmetic operators add subtract multiply divide square root SIN COSINE logical operators IF ELSE AND I
39. ables of data organized in rows and columns Unlike arrays however each column is associated with a specific ACCOL signal and has a descriptive title and each row is called a record Also each and every archive file must be assigned a unique name and number Typically the archive files are configured so that data wraps around overwriting the oldest data with newer data The ordering of data in the Archive File is determined by sequence numbers Archive File Name ARC FLOW1 __ SgnalName Archive File Number 001 Column Title Date_and_Time Hourly Flow Hourly Pressure AMIME O00 SATLFLOW1 HRLY SIAT1 PRESUR HRLY Rowl1 12 11 95 08 00 85 28 73 27 Row2 12 11 95 09 00 85 29 75 26 Row3 12 11 95 10 00 85 87 74 73 Row n 12 12 95 07 00 83 47 72 39 How Is Data Stored In An Archive File Data is stored in the archive file by executing the ARC_STORE Module in one of several available modes Some modes allow calculations to be performed on data before it is stored in the archive file Not all modes are available for all Network 3000 controllers Full details on configuringthe ARC_STORE Module and the available modes appear in the ACCOL II Reference Manual document D4044 A typical application would be to execute the ARC_STORE Module hourly to store hourly totals and then reinitialize the hourly total signals to O in order to accumulate new data for the next hour NOTE Once a data record
40. and NL in the l Attribute field Type Read Security fi Write Security Bo IV Manual Enable IV Control Enable An Introduction to ACCOL PageA 7 Appendix A Creating A Sample ACCOL Load Next click on the Settings tab and enter GPM for Gallons Per Minute in the Units Text Click on the OK push button and the signal initial State fo FIOL IN NL is created Units Text eM 7 I Mark as Global General Settings l Report By Exception Weadbend ea We also need an output signal which will be used to send data to the flow control valve This signal will also be analog To create it we can repeat the process we just used for the input signal except use a name of F 101 OUT for the new signal and assign units text of PERCNT since the output signal will be a percentage at which the valve should be opened There are a few other signals we should create now The LEAD LAG Module which sammma we will be using to delay response to input S heee changes requires a signal to specify how FEREG fs long the delay should take Create an analog signal called F101 LAG for this IE Ei purpose This signal is a little different _ T Mark as Global because we are going to specify an initial a value for it on the Settings page Enter I Report By Exception 0 5 for the Initial State when you create the signal and select MINS for minu
41. application Either or both methods may be used After inserting all of these signals the Signals window should appear as shown below 3 ACCOL PM1 lt Signals gt Sl Analog Fl WS ME CE 0 GPM Analog Al WME CE 0 5 MINS Analog Al w3 ME CE 0 PERCNT Analog Al w3 ME CE 1 Analog Al WS ME CE 125 GPM Analog Al WS ME CE 250 GPM We will need to do more with signals later so leave the Signals window on the scr n but click on the main window the one containing all the icons for Memory Communications etc and let s go on to our next step building an ACCOL task An Introduction to ACCOL Page A 9 Appendix A Creating A Sample ACCOL Load Step 7 Create an ACCOL Task and include Modules in it To create a Task click on Edit in the menu bar and Insert in the pull down menu Click on Task in the New Section dialog box and click on the OK push button Cancel A dialog box similar to the one shown below should appear Configure Task 1 x Rate fo j Priority fi Cancel Redundancy Frequency fo This dialog box allows you to configure certain characteristics of the task By default the task shows a task rate of 0 a task priority of 1 and a redundancy frequency of 0 This is not a redundant controller so the redundancy frequency should be 0 Also since we re only defining one task we don t care that its priority is 1 We do need to change the task rate to some
42. arm signals should NOT be designated as RBE signals Alarm signals can also be further classified based on the severity of the alarm condition This severity level is called the alarm priority There are four possible priority levels which will be discussed in ascending level of importance The choice of which signals should have a given alarm priority is entirely at the discretion of the programmer Event Signals specified as event alarms are used to indicate normal everyday occurrences Operator Guide Signals specified as operator guide alarms are used to indicate everyday occurrences as well however they are slightly more important than events Non Critical Signals specified as non critical are used to indicate problems which while not serious enough to cause damage to a plant or process require corrective action by an operator Critical Signals specified as critical are used to indicate dangerous problems which require immediate operator attention and corrective action The type of an alarm specifies under what conditions the signal enters an alarm state There are three possible choices Alarm ON with this choice an alarm message is generated when the signal turns ON and a return to normal alarm message is generated when the signal turns OFF Alarms are always reported before RBE change reports therefore if a signal is collected both as an alarm and as an RBE change there is a possibility that
43. bic feet must be added to the total The most significant digit in the larger number is the leftmost 8 in 8 384 983 0 Shown in exponential notation it is 8 10 The least significant digit in the smaller number is the 3 in 25 443 or 3 10 The difference between the exponents is 9 i e 6 3 9 Since this is greater than 7 the smaller number will lose some precision and will be added as 25 375 causing the result to be 8 385 008 375 The loss of the smaller number s least significant digits is unavoidable under the IEEE single precision floating point standard When the smaller number is scaled bits drop off the end of the scaled result If the magnitude of the larger number exceeds that of the smaller number by 16 777 216 then the smaller number will be zero after scaling and it will not add to the accumulation at all So adding 1 0 to 16 777 216 will fail as will adding 2 to 33 554 432 or 0 25 to 4 194 304 This problem is inherent in any computer using this format to represent numbers from An Introduction to ACCOL Page B 1 Appendix B Working with Floating Point Numbers your hand held calculator to a large mainframe system For most applications however this is not a major concern since many instruments cannot support such precise measurements and many industrial applications frequently do not require such precision Work Arounds For This Situation Don t Accumulate Totals Indefinitely One way to prevent
44. ce and delivery information etc should be directed to the nearest regional sales office listed below or to your local Bristol sales office or Bristol authorized sales representative U S Regional Sales Offices Principal International Sales Offices Northeast Watertown 860 945 2262 Bristol Babcock Ltd UK 441 562 820 001 Southeast Birmingham 205 980 2010 Bristol Babcock Canada 416 675 3820 Midwest Chicago 630 571 6052 Bristol Meci SA France 33 2 5421 4074 Western Los Angeles 909 923 8488 Bristol Digital Sys Australasia Pty Ltd 61 8 9455 9955 Southwest Houston 713 685 6200 BBI S A deC V Mexico 525 254 2131 Please call the main Bristol Babcock number 860 945 2200 if you are unsure which office covers your particular area Visit our Site on the World Wide Web For general information about Bristol Babcock and its products please visit our site on the World Wide Web at www bristolbabcock com Training Courses Bristol Babcock s Training Department offers a wide variety of courses in Bristol hardware and software at our Watertown Connecticut headquarters and at selected Bristol regional offices throughout the year Contact our Training Department at 860 945 2343 for course information enrollment pricing and schedules Who Should Read This Manual This manual is intended for use by new ACCOL users It describes the basic concepts in ACCOL and provides examples of the major stru
45. ctual PID calculation To perform the actual PID control we can use the pre defined PID3TERM Module 4 Send data tothe control valve The controller will have to send data out to the flow control valve FlC101 FCV101 in order to vary the position of the valve to regulate the flow This will require an analog signal and since it will be sent out we will need an ANOUT Module Now that we know roughly what we re trying to do let s create an ACCOL load to do it Step 1 Start ACCOL Workbench To do this double click on the Workbench icon if you have one or start it through the Windows Start Programs menu ACCOL Workbench will start ma ACCOL Workbench lolx File View Setup Help De x PageA 2 An Introduction to ACCOL Appendix A Creating A Sample ACCOL Load Step 2 Open a new ACCOL source file To do this click on File in the menu bar and New in the pull New down menu Choose Protected Mode you are creating an ACCOL load for a controller which has the 386EX Protected Mode CPU For any other type of controller choose Real Mode Real Mode Click on OK when you ve made your choice ma ACCOL Workbench ACCOL PM1 OP x File Edit View Actions Setup Window Help Diol SEa e Sle Tel S6EXPM Version 1 Security Memory EP Communications Basenames We have now opened a new ACCOL source file A default name is displayed in the title bar We l
46. ctures used by the ACCOL programmer It assumes familiarity with the following subjects i Use of personal computers including clicking with a mouse using dialog boxes list boxes menus etc 1 Windows 98 or Windows NT operating system As a minimum users should have the following additional manuals available when reading this manual N ACCOL II Reference Manual document D4044 which contains detailed descriptions of all ACCOL modules 0 ACCOL Workbench User Manual document D4051 which contains detailed instructions on using ACCOL Workbench to create an ACCOL load 0 Network 3000 Communications Configuration Guide document D5080 which contains an overview of communications using Bristol Babcock networks and a guide to troubleshooting communication problems NOTE This book should not be considered a substitute for hands on experience with ACCOL Workbench and Network 3000 controllers New users should strongly consider attending one or more training courses offered by Bristol Babcock Contact our Training Department at the number listed on page ii for more information iii Table of Contents Chapter 1 What is ACCOL nie ind chapter 2 N IE ONE sn 2 1 Chapter 3 What Are OCIS sisinssnsnevevkiieniseeaieblinoniienisieanneniicucneaioae aie ineasinwnidaNiens 3 1 chapter 4 What AreACCOL TEE rien u Chapter 5 What Are Data Arrays sans chapter 8 What ls Pross IE anne 6 1 Chapter 7
47. d PSIG Analog Alarm Signals Analog Alarm Signals are similar to analog signals except that when the signal value exceeds certain pre defined alarm limits an alarm message is generated These signals are used to store data which is more critical to the operation of a process for example an analog alarm signal might be used for temperature or pressure readings of critical system components Analog alarm signals have the following characteristics in addition to those described under Characteristics Common to All Signal Types Units Text See description under Analog Signals RBE Flag See description under Analog Signals NOTE In general alarm signals should NOT be designated as RBE signals RBE Deadband See description under Analog Signals Alarm Enable Inhibit Flag See description under Logical Alarm Signals Alarm Limits and Deadbands An analog alarm signal generates an alarm message when the value The concept of deadbands is explained in more detail in the discussion of alarm limits for analog alarm signals later in this section Alarms are always reported before RBE change reports therefore if a signal is collected both as an alarm and as an RBE change there is a possibility that an older RBE message could arrive after an alarm message thereby overwriting newer data with older data Because of this interaction of the two data collection methods it is recommended that alarm signals NOT be designated a
48. dition to those described under Characteristics Common to All Signal Types LOC GLB Flag Certain HMI SCADA packages will only collect data from signals which are alarms or are specified as global signals GLB These packages will ignore signals specified as local LOC This flag therefore allows the user to designate whether or not such packages should collect data from this signal RBE Flag Report by Exception RBE is a method of data collection used by certain HMI SCADA packages which will cause data from signals to be collected only if the signal value changes This minimizes the amount of message traffic in the system By default signals are NOT RBE signals RBE Deadband Analog signals which have been designated as RBE signals may See Appendix B for more information on working with floating point numbers Page 2 6 An Introduction to ACCOL Chapter 2 What Are Signals have an associated deadband The deadband represents a range above and below the last reported value of the signal in which changes to the signal will not be reported If the signal goes out of this range for a period of time long enough to be detected by an RBE scan then an exception has occurred and the change will be reported Units Text Units text specifies the engineering units for this particular signal Up to six characters of units text may be defined Typical examples of units text include HOURS FEET INCHES an
49. duction to ACCOL Page5 7 Chapter 5 What Are Data Arrays How Are Data Arrays Created Data arrays are inserted into the iR ACCOL source file using ACCOL Aray Workbench For information on NumberofColumns BE creating arrays see the ACCOL numberofRows Mn Workbench User Manual document D4051 Type Access C Analog C Read Only Logical Read Write How Does the Operator View Data Array Values There are several different ways to view data array values in a running Network 3000 series controller While running the Open BSI DataView utility users can call up the array for viewing on the screen Individual entries can also be edited if this is a read write array See the Open BSI Utilities Manual document D5081 for details lt Array gt RPC1 A5 Users with Bristol Babcock s Universal Operator Interface UOI software can configure text based menus and logs to include data array values See the UOI Configuration Manual document D5074 for details While running the Open BSI Data Collector or Open BSI Scheduler users can retrieve array data and store it in files for export to third party HMI applications See the Open BSI Collection Export Utilities Manual document D5083 and the Open BSI Scheduler Manual document D5082 respectively for details Page 5 8 An Introduction to ACCOL Chapter 6 What is Process I O What is Process I O Field instrumentatio
50. eated All signals must be defined in the General Settings SIGNALS section of the ACCOL source file ACC Base name eam COMPRSRS descriptive text for the signals is Btension TEMP defined in the BASENAMES Attribute BP section of the file rn a Instructions for defining signals and 5394 Security f base name text are included in the Wite Secuiy fs ACCOL Workbench User Manual docu ment D4051 M Manual Enable M Control Enable coe An Introduction to ACCOL Page 2 11 Chapter 2 What Are Signals How Does the Operator View Signal Values There are several different ways to view signal data in a running Network 3000 series controller While running the Open BSI DataView utility users can call up signals by a signal search by the full signal name or through lists Signal values may also be changed via dialog boxes See the Open BSI Utilities Manual document D5081 for details lt Signal Detail gt G14 RUNO7 ENABLE Oy x RUNDS ENABLE RUND ENABLE OldYalue AVAIL E AVAIL AVAIL INHIB E New Value Desc Inhibits MSD 6C0 Read Pri 1 Write Pri 3 Alarm Control Manual __ cE Me Enable z Enable 7 Enable 7 Signal data can be exported to DDE compliant applications such as spreadsheets and word processors using the Open BSI DDE Server program See the Open BSI Collection Export Utilities Manual document D5083 for details Users with Bristol Babcock
51. fied by the system signal NDARRAY se i The ACCOL programmer creates a number of rows equal to the highest slave address For example if the ACCOL program we are creating is for a controller which is master to 4 1 4d N Eo o ke FSO slave controllers a four row by one gt FI FF mil SS ZZ column logical read write array Address 1 Address 2 Address 3 Address 4 should be created Normally the operator or ACCOL logic should leave each element set to ON so that communication with slave nodes can occur If for whatever reason one or more slave nodes are taken out of service failure maintenance repairs communication problems then polling for them should be turned off using the NDARRAY This prevents unnecessary communication attempts by the master to a non existent node In the figure shown above the third slave node has been struck by uparray 1 lightning and so has failed The master controller which contains the el node array will continue attempts to communicate with it until the third element in the NDARRAY corresponding to address 3 is changed from 0 1 ON to OFF by the operator
52. from and written to this is data in memory which is fixed i e it cannot be changed by an operator on line this is the security level required by an operator or program to read signal data this is data in memory which can be either read or changed this refers to a configuration in which two Network 3000 controllers are linked together in a way in which one can assume the duties of the other if the other controller fails G 5 Remote Process Controllers RTU Signal Signal List Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition SCADA System Signals also Known simply as remotes These are essentially a type of computer which is used to measure or control a process Typical examples of processes include controlling flow in a natural gas pipeline measuring liquid level in a tank or controlling a factory production line Bristol Babcock s Network 3000 series of remote process controllers includes the DPC 3330 DPC 3335 RTU 3305 RTU 3310 etc These units collect data perform calculations and issue control commands to the process The term remote is sometimes used to refer to controllers because they are often installed at locations that are physically distant from the operator workstation Other synonymous terms include RTU or DPC or 33XX See also Node Remote Terminal Unit See Remote Process Controllers iS a software structure which is used to pass data from module to module in an A
53. ge 3 1 Chapter 3 What Are Modules Natural Gas Modules 10 AGA8DETAIL n ENABLE LOGICAL SIGNAL There are several modules available nn ea one WHEY SUmBIENENE onara Gas STAT PRESS ANALOG SIGNAL OR VALUE industry calculations includi ng BASE TEMP ANALOG S GNA OR VA UE those described in American Gas List S ANALOG SIGNAL OR VALUE Association reports Among these ah ee eee modules are AGA3ITER AGAS5 aoe oe a z Z_ FLOWING ANALOG SIGNAL AGA7 AGA8GROSS AGA8DETAIL Z BASE ANALOG SIGNAL FPV and IS05167 FPV ANALOG S GNAL Input Output I O Modules Most every ACCOL source file or includes some I O modules since 2 VicE DEVICE_ID INITIAL CHANNEL these modules are necessary to send _ ourpur 1 ANALOG_SIGNAL_OR_VALUE ZERO L ANALOG_SIGNAL_OR_VALUE and receive data through the sran 1 ANALOG SIGNAL OR VALUE controller s process I O boards The RSs i Gee STENAR most commonly used include the analog input ANIN analog output ANOUT digital input DIGIN and digital output DIGOUT Mathematical Modules i i 30 INTEGRATOR These modules implement a variety of apie Por re different arithmetic and logical RESET LOGICAL_SIGNAL ZERO ANALOG_SIGNAL_OR VALUE SPAN ANALOG SIGNAL OR VALUE functions Among those available are z OR the AVERAGER COMPARATOR re Dev INTEGRATOR DIFFERENTIATOR TOT TRND MU
54. has been stored in the Archive Not all controller ACCOL Tools or firmware versions support the use of archive files To seeif it is supported check the Hardware and Software Requirements chart of the ACCOL II Reference Manual document D4044 and verify that the ARC_STORE moduleis supported for your particular configuration An Introduction to ACCOL Page 10 1 Chapter 10 What Are Archive Files File and the ARC_STORE Module has advanced to the next row of the file the data in the Archive File cannot be altered How Are Archive Files Defined EIKE lei n Archive ID fio The structure of the archive file l 1 z A 5 of Records f 000 including its name file ID number the l Eile Name JCOMPRSRI number of records rows the signal for each column and the title for each column are defined in the ACCOL TIMEOED aT source file See the ACCOL Workbench COMPRSRI FLOW User Manual D4051 for instructions MP COMPRSRI TEMP Ee on defining an archive file COMPRSRI DIFPRS Title rem Signal comPRs R1 TEMP How Does the Operator View Archive Data There are several different ways to access archive data in a running Network 3000 series controller e While running the Open BSI DataView utility users can call up the archive file for viewing on the screen See the Open BSI Utilities Manual document 05081 for details Ei lt Archive gt FLOW 1 Global Seq No Hourly Flow Extn Hour
55. hat module s LIST terminal 70 AUDIT MODE 2 LIST 12 STATUS AUDIT STATUS CODE Signal value changes for the LIST 12 signals in List 12 will be logged 1 FLOW1 SETPT in the Audit Trail buffer 2 FLOW2 SETPT 3 FLOW3 SETPT 4 FLOW4 SETPT 5 FLOW5 SETPT 6 FLOW6 SETPT For full details on using the Audit EAudit Modules see the ACCOL II Reference Manual document D4044 How Are Signal Lists Created rpc2a acc lt Code for Signal List 1 gt _lolx Signal Lists are created within ACCOL Ehh Workbench For information on 2 SIGNAL 2 3 SIGNAL 3 creating a signal list see the ACCOL Workbench User Manual document D4051 An Introduction to ACCOL Page 9 3 Chapter 9 What Are Signal Lists How Can The Operator View Signal Lists The operator can view signal lists using the Remote List feature of DataView The operator can also change signal values or inhibit enable bits For information on this feature see the Open BSI Utilities Manual document D5081 Sj lt Remote List gt G14 4 olx MMM scazrestcnt ME a a acerourog EF OM scazouroos ME EEE sca7eRRORSCNT AE CE ME 0000 ERRORS Page 9 4 An Introduction to ACCOL Chapter 10 What Are Archive Files What Are Archive Files Archive files are structures residing within the Network 3000 controller and are very similar to Data Arrays discussed earlier in this manual Like arrays archive files are t
56. hem In some cases you can simply double click on the error and the window will display the location in the file which caused the error You can edit the file right in the window then save the changes and reissue the build command myload ace lt Output gt in ACCOLAMYLOAD ACC Error 61 Error 59 in C ASCOLYNYLOAD AGC 120 Error 59 in C ACSOLAUIMLOAD AGO 121 Error 59 in C ACSOLUIMLOAD AGC 122 Error 59 in C ACCOLAIKLOAD AGC 125 Error 59 in C ACCOLAIKLOAD ACC 124 Error 59 in ACCOLYMELOAD ACC 125 Error 59 in ASCOLYIMLOAD AGC 126 q119 Error 59 in ACCOLYNELOAD ACK 127 Error 9 in ASCOLAMELOAD ACK 126 Error 59 in ACCOLANMELOAD ACK 129 ERROR 11 errors found 3444444444 Memory Usage PROM 2261 RAM 66176 line mmber less than or equal to previous line Required line number is missing INPUT Required line numker is missing Required line numker is missing Required line number if missing Required line number if missing Required line nunker ir missing Required line nunker ir missing Required line nunker ir missing Required line nunker ir missing Required line nunker ir missing ZI AACCOLAHELOAD ACO File not generated PROPORTION INTECRAL DERIVATIVE RESET TRACK OUTPUT ERROR Fr For more information on correcting errors see the ACCOL Workbench User Manual
57. igh alarm limit see Item 1 At this point a high alarm message is generated and the signal is considered to bein a high alarm state The value of the signal continues to increase When it passes the high high alarm limit of 90 C a high high alarm message is generated see Item 2 At this point the signal is considered to be in a high high alarm state The value of the signal then starts to decrease Although the value passes below 90 C it is still considered to be in a high high alarm state because there is a 10 high deadband in effect deadbands are shown as shaded areas on the graph When the signal value falls lower than 80 C point 90 C high alarm limit minus the high deadband of 10 C the signal is no longer in a high high alarm state See Item 3 It is still however in a high alarm state As the value of the signal decreases below 70 C it remains in a high alarm state until its value falls below 60 C 70 C alarm limit minus a 10 C high deadband See Item 4 At this point the signal is in its normal range and a return to normal alarm message is sent Then however the value of the signal continues to drop When it reaches 40 C a Low Alarm message is generated See Item 5 The signal remains in a Low Alarm state until the signal value drops to 20 C See Item 6 This causes a Low Low Alarm message to be generated The signal remains in a L
58. ile with the extension ACC File name Accoll d ace New Folder Accollh acc Bkacc Acc ace Accollk acc Bk2 ace Accoll ace Accollm ace Bktwb acc Accoll1 acc Accolln acc Madterms acc Accolla acc Accolip acc Mv6t30ad acc Accollb ace FJACCOLIg ace rpet ace Accoltc ace 5 f Accal2 ace Accol3 acc rpclaacc Rs1 acc i Rs14 acc Rs15 acc Rs16 acc j Rs2 acc l Rs3 acc Rs4 acc Save as type ACCOL Files acc ba EEE rpc2a acc 21 x AAATAROD a Ea a ae a A Step 9 Issue a Build command if errors are present correct them and repeat step An Introduction to ACCOL Page A 15 9 Appendix A Creating A Sample ACCOL Load Now that you ve completed your ACCOL source file you can translate it into an ACCOL load file which can be downloaded into your controller To do this click on Actions in the menu bar and Build in the pull down menu The load file generation will commence and its progress will be displayed on the screen If a window appears with the messages Compilation Successful and Link Successful you re done An ACCOL Load file has been generated Link Successful p myload acc lt Output gt Compilation Successful Memory Usage PROM 4800 RAM 56366 If instead error messages appear you must correct t
59. ill be present after the cold start The RTU 3305 3530 xx series as well as 386EX Real and Protected Mode units support the use of FLASH memory For more information on these subjects consult the section on Downloading in the ACCOL II Reference Manual document D4044 Theamount of amp panded memory available varies depending upon thetype of controller Page 8 2 An Introduction to ACCOL Chapter 8 What Should Know About Memory What Configuration Needs To Be Performed The MEMORY section of the ACCOL source file may need to be modified depending upon what kind of controller you are using and which structures are included in your ACCOL load For 186 and 386E X Real Mode users the amount of expanded memory installed in the controller must be specified For 386EX Protected Mode users the total amount of RAM must be specified if it is different from the default of 512K If certain ACCOL structures are used the ACCOL programmer must also explicitly allocate memory for them It s not important at this point that you understand what all these structures are used for just remember that if you do include them in your ACCOL load they require some memory configuration These structures are Audit Trail EAudit Module Alarm Event Buffers Storage Rows when using Historical function of the Storage Module Templates used by OpenEnterprise and Enterprise Server users ONLY Custom Memory area used by certain custom por
60. in its place Next erase the word CHANNEL and enter 1 this specifies that we are starting with the first I O point on the board The module contains a single set of INPUT ZERO and SPAN terminals If we were using additional analog input points on the board we would have specified that number in the Number of Terminals field when we inserted the module If you forget to do that you can just copy additional sets or simply type them in Since for this example we have only one analog input value we just have to define that An Introduction to ACCOL PageA 11 Appendix A Creating A Sample ACCOL Load With the Signals window visible click and drag the signal named F101 1IN NL to the INPUT terminal of the module You could also just erase ANALOG SIGNAL and just type F1O1 IN NL but dragging the name will save you a few keystrokes Drag signal from here 3 ACCOL P 1 lt Signals gt F101 1 R1 W3 ME CE 1 F101 IN NL Analog Rl W3 ME CE 0 GPM N DEVICE_ID CHANNEL F101 IN NL ANALOG_SIGNAL_OR_VALUE ANALOG_SIGNAL_OR_VALUE v 1 1 Next drag F101 SPAN tothe SPAN terminal in the same way Or type it Type F101 ZERO on the ZERO terminal We didn t define it previously so we can t drag it from the Signals window Because the default initial value of all analog signals is 0 it wasn t necessary to define it separately Together the signals on the ZERO and SPA
61. in the same way that data moves from module to module via signals To send a value of an output terminal in one task to the value of an input terminal in another task simply wire the same signal name on both terminals Other ACCOL structures such as data arrays signal lists etc are also shared among all tasks Task Rate The task rate specifies how often the controller will initiate execution of this task The task rate is specified in units of seconds and is defined in the ACCOL source file and may be modified on line through the RATE nnn system signal where nnn specifies the task number The task rate can be as fast as 0 02 seconds 20 milliseconds or as slow as 5400 seconds 90 minutes Setting the task rate to 0 stops execution of the task In the timing diagram on the next page an ACCOL load with a single task has a task rate set at 1 second Each second the task is scheduled to start executing and it If the time it takes to execute the task is longer than the rate specified the next execution of the task will NOT be started on schedule It must wait until the previous execution of the task has completed This delay is called slippage and is recorded as a slip count error in the system signal RCNT nnn where nnn is the task number An Introduction to ACCOL Page4 1 Chapter 4 What Are ACCOL Tasks completes execution in this case in 0 25 seconds For the remaining time the controller is not exec
62. ipped to display it The base name text for a particular base name is shared by all signals with the same base name For example if the base name COMPRSR2 has descriptive text of COMPRESSOR NUMBER 2 and the ACCOL source file contains two signals with a base name of COMPRSR2 COMPRSR2 POWER STAT and COMPRSR2 RUN TIME then both those signals will share the common base name descriptive text of COMPRESSOR NUMBER 2 Base name text can be defined in the BASENAMES section of the ACCOL source file OR it can be defined via a separate string signal String signals will be discussed later in this section ACCOL supports six levels of security access 1 to 6 with 6 being the highest level Each level has associated with it a security code Any operator using Open BSI Utilities or certain ACCOL Tools must sign on with one of these security codes Once signed on the operator is then allowed access to system functions which accept a security level less than or equal to his or her security level For example an operator with security level 4 has access to functions requiring level 1 to 4 but is prohibited from accessing functions requiring security level 5 or 6 Read Priority Write Priority An Introduction to ACCOL The Read Priority value specifies the minimum security level an operator must sign on with in order to view i e read the value of this signal The Write Priority value specifies the minimum secur
63. is also connected to the network These workstations generally include ACCOL Tools software to allow for ACCOL programming as well as Open Bristol System Interface BSI Utilities software The Open BSI Utilities are a collection of programs which facilitate communication with the controller network by the ACCOL Tools and by third party applications Open BSI Utilities also allow an operator to collect and view data from the network and to monitor the status of network communications Separate utilities may be purchased which allow scheduled data collection and file export capability to third party applications such as Microsoft Excel spreadsheets or data bases such as Microsoft Access Often the PC workstations are also equipped with Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition SCADA or Human Machine Interface HMI software packages which allow the presentation of data to an operator in the form of graphical displays trends and printed logs or reports The PC workstation can use one of several different packages for this purpose including Iconics Genesis software Intellution FIX software or Bristol Babcock s own OpenEnterprise software Page 1 2 An Introduction to ACCOL Chapter 1 Introduction What is ACCOL How Are the Controllers Programmed ACCOL programming is done using a set of software programs referred to as the ACCOL Tools The most important program in the ACCOL Tools software set is ACCOL Workbench ACCOL Workbench is
64. ity level an operator must sign on with in order to change the value of i e write to this signal Page 2 3 Chapter 2 What Are Signals Additional signal characteristics vary depending upon the signal type and will be described below Logical Signals Logical signals can only have two possible values ON or OFF Logical signals are therefore used for data which can only have two possible states For example if a valve is either OPENED or CLOSED its value can be stored in a logical signal Similarly if a pump is either ON or OFF a logical signal could be used to store its value Logical signals are also useful in the creation of Boolean logic expressions Logical signals have the following characteristics in addition to those described under Characteristics Common to All Signal Types ON OFF Text In certain on line tools in Open BSI for example the state of a logical signal is shown as ON if the signal is ON and OFF if the signal is OFF A signal s ON OFF text may be changed however to better represent the signal s function For example it may be desirable to edit this text in the source file so that the ON text is ACTIVE and the OFF text is FAILED Both the ON text and OFF text may be up to six characters in length LOC GLB Flag Certain HMI SCADA packages will only collect data from signals which are alarms or are specified as global signals GLB These packages will ignore signal
65. l rename it later on Before we do anything else we need to define certain characteristics of the controller such as its memory configuration how its ports are to be used and which process O boards are installed in it These subjects are discussed in the next few steps An Introduction to ACCOL Page A 3 Appendix A Creating A Sample ACCOL Load Step 3 Edit the memory configuration To do this double click on the Memory icon and follow the instructions below Memory The MEMORY section of the TI ACCOL source file specifies how Da i G l much memory is installed in the iF controller and also can be used Total RAM ame Cancel to set aside memory for certain Custom Size DR special structures ee ooo Click on the Total RAM list uatEvents EI box and select the appropriate Audit Alarms 300 amount of RAM installed in your Templates a unit Next click on the OK giobastoage 0 push button to exit the MEMORY section Step 4 Configure the Communication Ports Todothis double click on the Communications icon and follow the instructions below Communications The COMMUNICATIONS section of the ACCOL source file specifies how the controller s communication ports will be used 7 ACCOL PM1 lt Communications gt 0 IF Custom z Unused Cancel ETHRNT Unused F ORT_ amp Unused PORT_B Unused PORT_C Unused FORT_D Unused PORT_G Unused Change Type FORT_H Unused
66. lid ACCOL signal names STATION1 TEMP DEGC PUMP4 STATUS TANK3 LEVL POWRFAIL PUMP3425 STATUS FAIL The only exception to this rule is for system signals All system signals have a base name beginning with the character System signals are created by the ACCOL Tools and are used for specific housekeeping duties The ACCOL programmer can use system signals but cannot create them An Introduction to ACCOL Page 2 1 Chapter 2 What Are Signals Signal Search Properties x The reason signals are divided up into three parts is that it allows a greater level of Nove JRPCI x organization for signals In the figure at right the Open BSI Base Cancel Extension LEVEL v DataView utility is being used to search for Akute E all signals which share the common M lam ee extension LEVEL The same type of search F Logical Alarm None joa could be conducted based on base names or T High Control None I High High Bila Manual None T Low Low Ques None v attributes Characteristics Common to All Signals Every ACCOL signal has a set of characteristics associated with it Depending upon the type of signal logical logical alarm analog analog alarm or string the characteristics may vary however every signal no matter which type shares the characteristics described below Initial State or Value Manual Inhibit Enable Flag Control Inhibit E nable Flag
67. ly Pres Extn Hourly Flow Temp Hourly T ime 04 10 96 10 00 0 000000 EM 04 10 96 09 00 0 000000 B 04 10 96 08 00 0 000000 a 04 10 96 07 00 0 000000 5 04 10 96 06 00 0 000000 EMM 04 10 96 05 00 0 000000 zz 04 10 96 04 00 0 000000 8 04 10 96 03 00 0 000000 Se 04 10 96 02 00 0 000000 slimy 04 10 96 01 00 0 000000 11 04 10 96 00 00 0 000000 LES 04 09 96 23 00 0 000000 eae 4 09 96 22 00 0 000000 i 0 000000 ag 04 09 96 20 00 0 000000 u 04 09 96 19 00 0 000000 Page 10 2 An Introduction to ACCOL Chapter 10 What Are Archive Files e Users with Bristol Babcock s Universal Operator Interface UOI software can export archive data values to binary files and then use the binary files to create logs See the UOI Configuration Manual document D5074 for details e While running the Open BSI Data Collector or Open BSI Scheduler users can retrieve archive data and store it in files for export to third party HMI applications See the Open BSI Collection Export Utilities Manual document D5083 and the Open BSI Scheduler Manual document D5082 respectively for details An Introduction to ACCOL Page 10 3 Appendix A Creating A Sample ACCOL Load NOTE This appendix includes a step by step example for creating a sample ACCOL load It assumes that you have already installed ACCOL Workbench software and Open BSI Utilities software according to the i
68. mit or RBE value in the case of RBE signals in which the alarm state or RBE report status will not change is one of the ACCOL Tools It is also called the 33XX Diagnostics Program It is used to test certain parts of the Network 3000 controller hardware is the process of transferring an ACCOL load file into the memory of a Network 3000 series controller Downloading is performed using the Open BSI Downloader Distributed Process Controller See Remote Process Controllers Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory is extra memory beyond the base memory which is installed in a 186 or 386EX Real Mode controller This memory is used to hold certain selected ACCOL structures which may be shifted out of base memory to free up space in the base memory area In addition there are certain structures which can only exist in expanded memory The term expanded memory does NOT apply to 386E X Protected Mode controllers is a type of memory used in some types of Network 3000 controllers which allows an ACCOL load file but not data to be retained even after a cold start condition this is a software package such as OpenEnterprise Intellution FIX or Iconics Genesis which is used to display and report data for an operator G 3 LocalView Memory Module Module Terminal s NETBC5 NETREV5 NETTOP5 NetView Network 3000 is an Open BSI utility which allows local communication with a controller It also allows
69. must have the lowest priority relative to all other tasks or it must be stopped by WAIT statements WAIT FOR WAIT DELAY etc or else NO OTHER TASKS WILL EXECUTE System Tasks Another consideration when setting task priority is to avoid conflicts with system tasks A system task is a task in the system firmware which performs some function during the execution of the ACCOL load A table of system task priorities is included in the Task section of the ACCOL II Reference Manual document D4044 Never assign an ACCOL task a priority that is higher than one of the system tasks which will be used in your ACCOL load or the system task may be unable to run when it is needed Redundancy Frequency If you are using a redundant pair of Network 3000 controllers then a redundancy frequency of 1 should be specified If you are NOT using redundant controllers a redundancy frequency of 0 should be specified Task 0 The Special Task Every ACCOL load has a task numbered 0 Task O is a special task which does not execute at a specified rate Instead it is used to hold certain modules which do NOT gt In general a redundancy frequency of 1 should be specified for redundant units For additional information on redundancy frequency see the Redundancy Concepts section of the ACCOL II Reference Manual document D4044 An Introduction to ACCOL Page 4 3 Chapter 4 What Are ACCOL Tasks execute on their own except when ac
70. n occurs at a user specified rate and priority is a set of software programs which includes ACCOL Workbench ValScan and DIAG6 is a Windows based software program which allows you to create an ACCOL source file and to build an ACCOL object file and ACCOL load file from it iS a number associated with an analog alarm signal which determines in combination with a deadband value when the signal is in an alarm state Alarm Message Alarm Priority ASCII Base Memory Bit BSAP Byte Character string Cold Start Communication Ports Control Statement s is a communications message generated when an analog or logical signal enters an alarm state Alarm messages are passed up through the network to MMI software at the operator workstation to notify the operator that an alarm condition exists is a user defined classification for the importance of a given alarm signal Critical is the most important alarm priority followed in descending order of importance by Non Critical Operator Guide and Event alarms is an acronym for American Standard Code for Information Interchange This refers to characters of text is a term which applies to 186 based and 386EX Real Mode controllers only Each of these types of units has 64K of base memory which holds most ACCOL structures 386E X Protected Mode units do NOT use the term base memory A value of 0 OFF or 1 ON Bits are
71. n devices such as flowmeters pressure transmitters and electrical contacts collect data from a process such as a pump control station a compressor station a factory assembly line etc Process I O boards are the way this data is transmitted to the Network 3000 controller Among the most commonly used process O boards are Analog Input boards Analog Output Boards Digital Input Boards and Digital Output Boards For most controller models process I O boards are installed in slots in the controller Some controller models have a fixed set of process I O boards in certain slots or multi function boards which encompass more than one slot others allow any valid board type in any slot In addition the number of slots in a controller varies from model to model For example the DPC 3330 supports 6 or 12 slots the DPC 3335 supports 10 slots For a full list of process I O options see the Process I O section of the ACCOL II Reference Manual document D4044 or the hardware manual accompanying the controller Data from the instrumentation is transmitted in the form of electrical impulses These impulses are sent through wires to a termination block The termination blocks are wired to process I O boards in the Network 3000 controller The process I O board converts the electrical impulses from the instrumentation into signal data which can be used by modules in the ACCOL load For example if analog pressure Pr
72. name descriptive text can be changed on line The Calculator Module which will be discussed in the section Modules also supports certain functions for string manipulation including checking the length of a string comparing the value of two strings and concatenating putting together two strings String signals have the following characteristics in addition to those described under Characteristics Common to All Signal Types String Length The length number of characters of the message including spaces No string may be longer than 64 characters Page 2 10 An Introduction to ACCOL Chapter 2 What Are Signals System Signals Every ACCOL load contains a series of system signals System signals are created automatically by the system and are distinguished from other ACCOL signals by the presence of a pound sign at the beginning of the base name For example the system signal T 1ME 000 indicates the current J ulian date and time The system signal NODEADR indicates the local address of the controller as set via hardware or software switches There are numerous other system signals which are used for housekeeping such as holding task characteristics and error information The ACCOL programmer cannot create or delete system signals but can make use of them on module terminals or in equations For more information on system signals see the ACCOL II Reference Manual document D4044 How Are Signals Cr
73. nstructions in the ACCOL Workbench User Manual document D4051 and the Open BSI Utilities Manual document D5081 Note also that this example shows one possible way to approach a problem ACCOL is a flexible language which frequently allows many different solutions to a given problem The fictitious Sunken Valley Water Company wants to set up a PID proportional integral derivative loop for controlling the flow of liquid through a pipeline They have a flow control valve to FO vary the flow and a flowmeter to 101 measure it Both the valve and flowmeter are G iai oo connected to a DPC 3330 controller BE FCV101 Before trying to create an ACCOL load which will perform the PID control we need to make a list of each thing the ACCOL load will be doing 1 Bring in the flow data from the pipeline The flow in the pipeline is measured by the flowmeter FT101 Because this is data that varies over a range of values it should be stored in an analog signal In order to bring in analog signal data we will need an ANIN Module 2 Slow down reaction to flow changes so as to reduce wear and tear on the valve We want to ensure that we don t wear out the control valve trying to respond too quickly to changes in flow To do this we need to delay response to the input flow data from item 1 using a LEAD LAG Module An Introduction to ACCOL PageA 1 Appendix A Creating A Sample ACCOL Load 3 Perform the a
74. ocess O data is transmitted to one of the Slot 3 in Controller process I O board a 4 milliamp EN Al Points 1 through 4 current flow to the board may BA represent the 0 of scale Electrical Input AI2 Lips From Pressure AI3 pressure and a 20 milliamp Transmitter current flow to the board may PA represent 100 of scale pressure An ANIN Analog Input Module Da in the ACCOL load reads this I O DEVICE 3 lt indicates that board in point and translates the data into Bee ar a SIRT Ss Being referenced an anal si nal o INPUT 1 STATION1 CUR DP og g s ZERO 1 STATION1 CURDP ZERO SPAN 1 STATION1 CURDP SPAN INPUT 2 ZERO 2 1 In this instance we are talking about actual hardware and wires not software An Introduction to ACCOL Page 6 1 Chapter 6 What is Process I O Similarly if an electrical Process I O ER contact on a valve is used to Slot 1 in Controller 2 Digital Input Board indicate that the valve is open goa EEE or closed a closed contact 0 Open Closed Contact api volts may indicate a closed Electrical Input DI5 valve and an open contact 24 From contact Dis volts may indicate an open on Valve DI7 valve These voltages are read DI8 by a Digital Input process I O board A DIGIN Digital 70 DIGIN IRRE DEVICE 1 lt INAICATeS TNA oara IN Input Module in the ACCOL INITIAL 1 slot I is being referenced load reads the I O point on the INPUT 1 board and converts i
75. ore useful to you If you have a complaint a suggestion or a correction regarding this manual please tell us by mailing this page with your comments It s the only way we know were doing our job by giving you correct complete and useful documentation DOCUMENT NUMBER D4056 TITLE An Introduction to ACCOL ISSUE DATE J anuary 2001 COMMENT COMPLAINT Mail or FAX this page to Bristol Babcock Inc 1100 Buckingham Street Watertown CT 06795 FAX 860 945 2213 Attn Technical Publications Group Dept 610 RRF 1 2001 Bristol Babcock Inc an FKI company 1100 Buckingham Street Watertown CT 06795 Telephone 860 945 2200
76. ow Low Alarm ea Da 90 state until the signal rises above 30 C 20 High Deadband 10 C low low alarm limit plus low deadband of _ 0 10 C See Item 7 The signal is still ina 2 Low Alarm state however D Once the signal rises above 50 C 40 Clow g6 alarm limit low deadband of 10 C it has 6 left the low alarm state and a return to o 0 normal alarm message is sent See Item 8 5 i 20 As long as the signal remains in m T normal range between 40 and 70 C n Time Low Alarm Limit 40 Low Low Alarm Limit 20 more alarm messages will be generated low Deadband T0 An Introduction to ACCOL Page 2 9 Chapter 2 What Are Signals String Signals The last type of signal is the string signal The value of a string signal is a message consisting of up to 64 characters of ASCII text These messages are called character strings because they are a bunch of characters tied together For example a string signal called STATION TAG NAME may have a value of ELM STREET COMPRESSOR STATION String signals are typically used to provide readable status messages Some SCADA HMI packages are also equipped to display these messages A less common use of string signals is to hold the base name descriptive text for another signal Normally a signal s base name descriptive text is defined in the source file as a constant if a string signal name is entered instead the base
77. r using an analog output signal named SETPOINT POWER 10 MUX INLIST 23 SELECT p POWER SELECT SP OUTPUT SETPOINT POWER if operator enters 2 for POWER SELECT SP LIST 323 1 NORMAL POWER SP 2 LOW POWER SP 3 HIGH POWER SP then SETPOINT POWER the actual setpoint for the generator is set equal to the value of LOW POWER SP An Introduction to ACCOL Page 9 1 Chapter 9 What Are Signal Lists In order to allow for an operator to select which of these setpoints should be used for the generator at a given time the operator can select the desired setpoint from the signal list using a signal called POWER SELECT SP This signal specifies the position in the signal list which be chosen as the setpoint The MUX module uses the POWER SELECT SP signal to choose which of the three setpoints should be output to the SETPOINT POWER signal For example if the operator chooses 2 for the value of POWER SELECT SP then the second signal in the list called LOW POWER SP will be used as the setpoint For more information on the MUX Module see the ACCOL II Reference Manual document D4044 Using A DEMUX Module to Choose Which Signal In A List Should Receive An Input Value Suppose a water pumping station has four different pumps only one of which should be running at any one time Each pump can be started stopped by a dedicated start command signal The signals are PUMP1 START C
78. rds are referenced within the ACCOL Task via process I O modules such as ANIN ANOUT DIGIN DIGOUT etc Each process I O module includes a DEVICE terminal which specifies the slot which this module will reference If this value is left at the default of 0 this module will be unable to access the board and a device error will be generated Each process I O module also includes an INITIAL terminal which specifies the number of the first I O point on the board which this module will reference Usually this is 1 In most cases a single module should be used to reference all I O points on the entire board Once the I O point data has been converted to signal data by the Process I O module s the resulting signal can be wired in software to the terminal of other ACCOL modules An Introduction to ACCOL Page 6 3 Chapter 7 How Are Communication Ports Used How Are Communication Ports Used Although it is possibleto use a Network 3000 controller as a stand alone unit controlling a process directly without operator intervention most applications require communication with other devices For example operators may need to interact with the process by viewing data or entering setpoints from an operator workstation Data may also need to be logged on an attached printer Depending upon the complexity of the process data from one controller may need to be shared with other controllers nodes in the network In some applications a
79. red to as a bit These bits are grouped together into chunks of 8 which are called bytes Each byte can hold a character of data A group of 1024 bytes is referred to as 1K 1024K is referred to as a Megabyte or 1MB Types of Memory in the Controller The size of your ACCOL load file is limited by the amount of RAM in the controller RAM in a 186 based controller or a 386EX Real Mode controller is divided into two parts base memory and expanded memory All of these controllers have 64K 65 536 t Two bytes together are referred to as a word RAM isan acronym for random access memory It simply means memory that can be read from and written to An Introduction to ACCOL Page 8 1 Chapter 8 What Should Know About Memory bytes of base memory and then some amount of expanded memory The expanded memory is used to hold certain kinds of ACCOL structures which CANNOT fit in the base memory RAM in a 386EX Protected Mode controller is NOT divided up into base and expanded instead it is treated as one large memory area Each Protected Mode controller has at least 512K of RAM but can be configured for as much as 4 5 MB Normally when you download your ACCOL load file into the Network 3000 controller it is transferred directly into RAM and on completion of the download the controller begins to execute the instructions modules control statements etc in the ACCOL load Execution of the ACCOL load will continue withou
80. rity Each task is assigned a priority Task priority can range from 1 to 64 with 64 being the highest priority and 1 being the lowest If a task performs operations which are critical to the safe operation of a process it should be assigned a high priority Tasks which perform less important calculations may be assigned a lower priority Task priority can be changed on line via the PRi nnn system signal where nnn corresponds to the task number The time it takes to execute a task may be measured using the system signals RTTIME 000 and RTTIME 001 Page 4 2 An Introduction to ACCOL Chapter 4 What Are ACCOL Tasks ACCOL uses a technique called pre emptive multi tasking This means that multiple tasks execute concurrently however higher priority tasks are given priority over lower priority ones If two or more tasks are scheduled to execute at the same moment the one with the higher priority will be executed first As time becomes available the task with the next highest priority will be executed and so on If two tasks share the same priority they will be executed on a rotating basis If a high priority task is required to run and a lower priority task has not finished execution execution of the lower priority task will be suspended to allow the higher priority task to run The lower priority task can only resume execution when higher priority tasks have finished If you have a continuous task described earlier it
81. rminals Except for certain special modules in Task O discussed later in this manual modules do NOT execute unless the line of the task on which they are defined executes therefore the output terminals of a module do NOT change at any time except when the module is executing What Kinds of Modules Are Available There are over 80 different ACCOL modules We will discuss a few broad categories of available modules here A full description of each module is included in the ACCOL II Reference Manual document D4044 i If you are familiar with other programming languages you can think of a module as a sub routine or procedure The pre programming instructions for each module reside in firmware a special kind of encoded software that resides in the remote process controller When you install new versions of ACCOL Tools software which include new modules you may also need to install an upgrade to the controller firmware in order to use the new modules or features For some controller models the firmware is referred to as the PROM set because it resides in Erasable Programmable Read only Memory EPROM chips In other controllers the firmware is installed into a FLASH memory area See the hardware manual of your controller for more information The method for inserting modules into a task will be discussed in greater detail later The terminals of a module are only updated with data when the module executes An Introduction to ACCOL Pa
82. roduction to ACCOL ACCOL AccolCAD ACCOL Load ACCOL Object File ACCOL Source File ACCOL Task s ACCOL Tools ACCOL Workbench Alarm Limit Glossary is an acronym for Advanced Communications and Control Oriented Language It is the standard software programming language for Bristol Babcock Network 3000 series controllers is a software package available from Bristol Babcock which allows an ACCOL source file to be created using graphical symbols also Known as the ACL file is created from an ACCOL Object file It is called the ACCOL Load file because it is in a machine readable format which is downloaded into the Network 3000 series controller Once downloaded the controller executes instructions in the ACCOL load file in order to measure or control a plant or process also known as the ACO file is created from an ACCOL source file The ACO file is used by ACCOL Workbench to generate an ACCOL Load file also known as the ACC file is created by the ACCOL programmer using ACCOL Workbench AccolCAD or by using any ASCII text editor The ACCOL source file defines the modules task signals and other ACCOL structures which define the measurement and control instructions for this particular application The ACCOL source file when finished is used to generate an ACCOL Object file and ACCOL Load file is a series of modules and control statements which execute sequentially as a functional block Task executio
83. s RBE signals For more information on Report by Exception see the ACCOL II Reference Manual document D4044 An Introduction to ACCOL Page 2 7 Chapter 2 What Are Signals of the signal exceeds a predefined alarm limit Up to four alarm limits may be defined every analog alarm signal must have at least one limit defined or else the signal will never generate an alarm message The four alarm limits are the high alarm limit the high high alarm limit the low alarm limit and the low low alarm limit Each of these alarm limits can be specified in the ACCOL source file as either a constant or as an ACCOL signal In general specifying an ACCOL signal provides more flexibility because it allows the limit to be changed dynamically either by the operator or through logic in the ACCOL load In addition to the alarm limits there are two deadbands the low deadband and the high deadband A deadband represents a range just above or below the alarm limit depending upon whether it s a high or low alarm in which the signal remains in an alarm state despite the fact that its value no longer exceeds the alarm limit Without the deadband if the signal s value rapidly fluctuates above and below the alarm limit the signal would constantly be going in and out of an alarm state thereby flooding the system with alarm and return to normal messages A properly defined deadband helps prevent this situation Deadbands can be defined in the AC
84. s specified as local LOC This flag therefore allows the user to designate whether or not such packages should collect data from this signal RBE Flag Report by Exception RBE is a method of data collection used by certain HMI SCADA packages which will cause data from signals to be collected only if the signal value changes This minimizes the amount of message traffic in the system By default signals are NOT RBE signals Logical Alarm Signals Logical Alarm Signals are similar to logical signals except that when they change state they generate an alarm message These signals are used to store data which is more 2 The controller stores an OFF as the number 0 and an ON as the number 1 Alarm messages are immediately transmitted out of the controller s slave port to the next highest node in the network until they reach whatever device is used to notify the operator of the alarm PC Workstation printer etc Page 2 4 An Introduction to ACCOL Chapter 2 What Are Signals critical to the operation of a process for example a logical alarm signal might be used to indicate that a pump or compressor has failed Logical alarm signals have the following characteristics in addition to those described under Characteristics Common to All Signal Types ON OFF Text RBE Flag Alarm Priority Alarm Type See description under Logical Signals See description under Logical Signals NOTE In general al
85. sed between modules Each signal has a specific name which should reflect the type of data it holds For example if a signal is used to store the level of water in water tank number 3 the signal should have a name such as TANK3 WATER LEVL Each signal name as well as certain characteristics associated with the signal such as its initial value engineering units etc must be defined in the ACCOL source file A typical ACCOL source file includes several hundred signals however depending upon the complexity of the system thousands of signals may be used The ACCOL source file can also be edited directly with any ASCII text editor AccolCAD software available separately from Bristol Babcock can also be used to generate the ACCOL source file Notes For Older Network 3000 Products Different methods for program generation exist for older model controllers these units use an older DOS based set of ACCOL Tools which include the ACCOL II Batch Compiler ABC and ACCOL II Interactive Compiler AIC These older tools are not discussed in this manual There are numerous modules and control statements to choose from For information on particular modules and control statements see the ACCOL II Reference Manual document D4044 For users familiar with other high level programming languages such as BASIC or C signals can be thought of as variables In some industries they are referred to as tags An Introduction to ACCOL
86. ser Manual document D405 Page 8 4 General IP Total RAM Custom Size Storage Hows Audit Events Audit Slarms Templates Global Storage An Introduction to ACCOL Chapter 9 What Are Signal Lists What Are Signal Lists Signal Lists are a convenient way to organize a group of signals Signals are referenced by their position in the list Any mixture of analog analog alarm logical logical alarm or string signals can be included in a given list Signal lists are shared among all tasks in the ACCOL file A typical signal list is shown below LIST 1 1 PUMP1 RUN NOW 2 PUMP1 SPEED SP 3 PUMP2 RUN NOW 4 PUMP2 SPEED SP Signals lists are referenced by modules specifically designed to access them AUDIT EAUDIT MASTER EMASTER SLAVE MUX EMUX DEMUX and EDEMUX are among the most common modules which use signal lists For information on the number of signal lists supported in ACCOL and the maximum size of signal lists see the ACCOL II Reference Manual document D4044 Using a MUX module to select a signal from a signal list Suppose a power generator has three different settings one for normal power demand one for low power demand and a third for high power demand Each of these settings has a setpoint stored using the following signals NORMAL POWER SP LOW POWER SP and HIGH POWER SP A signal list is created containing these three signals The actual setpoint value is transmitted to the generato
87. shed the window should appear as shown at right DK click on the OK push button to E m amp it the COMMUNICATIONS re f Care Secon a B an 9600 PORT_C rused Edit PORT_D Unused PORT_G U fused Tienge lupe PORT_H Unused IP Custom Additional Buffers 20 jo Communications Timestamp 1 Buffers are discussed in detail in the ACCOL II Reference Manual document D4044 An Introduction to ACCOL PageA 5 Appendix A Creating A Sample ACCOL Load Step 5 Configure the Process I O To do this double click on the Process I O icon and follow the directions below WaProcess I O The PROCESS I O section of m the ACCOL source file kei See specifies what type of process I O boards are installed in the controller For purposes of our Analog Output board 2 points eee example our controller must Analog Input board 4 points have an Analog Input board and an Analog Output board installed Modify Remove Insert Board ID 2 Board Type Analog Input board 4 points z Let s say the Analog output board has 2 I O points and is in slot 1 and the Analog Input board has 4 I O points and is in Slot 2 A T already appears in the Board ID field Choose Analog Output board 2 points from the Board Type list box then click on the Insert push button Next enter 2 in the Board ID field and select Analog Input board
88. t applications Global Storage area used by certain user specific applications For 186 based units other than the RTU 3305 and EGM 3530 RTU 3530 series the user can optionally choose to specify that certain structures be placed in expanded memory in order to free up space in the 64K base memory area these structures are Signals Read Only data arrays Read Write data arrays Signal Lists Calculator Module equations AGA8 AGA8Detail AGA8Gross module calculations For 386E X Protected Mode users alarms and events are specified separately for other users they are combined together as events Not all controller types are equipped to hold templates The Global Storage area is only available for 386E X Protected Mode units For the RTU 3305 thereis no choice between base and expanded for these structures they are automatically stored in expanded memory For the EGM 3530 or RTU 3530 any choice of BASE you make in ACCOL Workbench is ignored the system will automatically place most structures in the expanded memory area An Introduction to ACCOL Page 8 3 Chapter 8 What Should Know About Memory How is the Configuration Performed Memory configuration is performed in SALSAS BI Ei ACCOL Workbench through the dialog box shown at right The fields in the dialog box vary depending upon which version of ACCOL Workbench you are using For more information about this dialog box see the ACCOL Workbench U
89. t interruption unless the Network 3000 controller loses power or fails which is referred to as a watchdog condition or it is manually reset by the operator by activating the reset switch In the first case power failure the ACCOL load and its data will remain in RAM for as long as the unit s backup battery functions If the battery remains good when primary power is restored the unit will resume execution of the ACCOL load from the point where it lost power This is referred to as a warm start The second and third cases watchdog failure or manual reset are referred to as cold start conditions In a cold start any accumulated data calculations etc is lost In addition the ACCOL load file itself will only be retained if it has been previously burned into EPROM or downloaded into FLASH EPROM stands for Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory An EPROM chip can be placed in a device called a PROM burner and the ACCOL load file can be burned into the chip If your unit has an EPROM chip with the ACCOL load burned in the ACCOL load file though no accumulated data will still be present in the controller after a cold start condition With the exception of the RTU 3305 and the 3530 xx series all 186 based controllers support the use of EPROMs Similarly if your ACCOL load was originally downloaded into FLASH memory prior to the cold start condition accumulated data will be lost but the load file will st
90. t into an en ON OFF status of a logical Fon INPUT 4 DRAINVLV OPEN STAT signal INPUT 5 INPUT 6 INPUT 7 INPUT 8 What Is Remote Process I O Some controllers support the use of external racks of process I O boards These units called RIO 3331 Remote I O Racks allow the process I O boards to be in a physically separate location from the controller which uses them Usage is similar to any other process I O boards except that communication is only available at synchronous baud rates and the numbering scheme used to define the boards is somewhat different For more information on this topic see the sections in the ACCOL II Reference Manual document D4044 which discuss the Remote I O Modules How Are Process I O Boards Defined Before process I O data can be EEE zu EER 0 in the controller the boards must be defined in the PROCESS I O gt section of the ACCOL load ACCOL Analoginpitboard gt Apain Workbench allows this definition to Anelog Quipukboatd A p lis be performed through the dialog box Modify shown at right Bemove 1 Digital Input board 6 paints Cancel Digital Output board 8 points Insert For details on how to use this dialog Board p fl box See the ACCOL Workbench Board Type Digital Input board 6 points User Manual document D4051 Page 6 2 An Introduction to ACCOL Chapter 6 What is Process I O How Are Process I O Boards Referenced Process I O boa
91. tes as the Units Text Cancel Help We also need to create an analog signal which shows the range called the span of the input Create one called F101 SPAN and specify an Initial State of 250 and a Page A 8 An Introduction to ACCOL Appendix A Creating A Sample ACCOL Load Units Text of GPM just like the input signal F101 IN NL We need to create an analog signal which represents the desired operator setpoint for flow in the pipe Create one called F101 SET and specify an Initial State of 125 and a Units Text of GPM just like the input signal F101 IN NL We also need to create a few signals which will be used by the PID3TERM Module Both are analog and both require initial values of I They should be named F101 P and F101 1 GENERAL NOTE ABOUT DEFINING SIGNALS The user has the option of explicitly defining signals in the SIGNALS section as we are doing here or of simply entering them on module terminals which will be discussed in a later step Defining them explicitly allows the user to have full control over the signal type initial value etc and allows them to be dragged and dropped to desired module terminals In contrast if signals are defined simply by typing on the module terminal they assume whatever signal type is the default for that terminal The default signal type however may or may not be appropriate for the particular user
92. the ACCOL programmer to each ACCOL Task This value is used to determine which task should execute next Priorities can range from 1 to 64 Tasks which perform important calculations should be given higher priorities specifies how often an ACCOL task is scheduled to begin execution If a particular task has a task rate of 1 second for example then it will begin executing every second If a task cannot complete execution prior to its next scheduled execution its execution will be delayed until the previous execution has completed this situation is called slippage and indicates that the task rate has been set too fast see Module terminals a Network 3000 controller in a BSAP network which is on the network level immediately below the operator workstation running Open BSI Also known as a first level node or first level slave if a Network 3000 controller suffers a power failure and power is restored prior to failure of the backup battery the ACCOL load will resume execution from the point where it lost power a failure condition indicated by the Watchdog WDOG LED on the controller A Network 3000 controller in a watchdog state must be reset and possibly re downloaded in order to function again A unit of measurement representing two bytes of memory this is the security level required by an operator or program to change signal data G 7 READER RESPONSE FORM Please help us make our documentation m
93. the user to perform field upgrades of controller firmware for certain controller models is the part of the Network 3000 controller which holds the ACCOL load file and accumulated data are pre programmed structures which are used to perform mathematical communication and process control functions in ACCOL Modules are inserted into ACCOL tasks in a logical order and are connected together using signals are used to specify the inputs or outputs of a module Signals or in some cases constant values are entered on module terminals By entering the same signal name on two different terminals those terminals are said to be wired together is one of the ACCOL Tools It is also called the Network Batch Compiler This program takes an ASCII file and uses it to generate the Network file NETFILE DAT NOTE Open BSI 3 0 or newer users MUST use NetView instead is one of the ACCOL Tools It is also called the Network Reverse Compiler This program takes the NETFILE DAT file and converts it into an editable ASCII file NOTE Open BSI 3 0 or newer users MUST use NetView instead is one of the ACCOL Tools also known as the Network Topology Program It allows the user to define the structure of the controller network including network levels addresses etc The NETTOP files containing this information are NETFILE DAT GLADXREF DAT and RTUXREF DAT NOTE Open BSI 3 0 or newer users MUST use NetView instead a program in Open
94. them DC1 also acts as a communication pass through device and handles its own local I O DCI will need a Master Port to collect data from RPC1 and RPC2 and a Slave Port to send that data to an operator workstation running Open BSI and an HMI software package A node such as DC1 which is on the level directly below the operator workstation is called a top level node Open BSI supports multiple top level nodes on a single PC port or over multiple ports Page 7 2 An Introduction to ACCOL Chapter 7 How Are Communication Ports Used DC Port Config COMMUNICATIONS PORT_B SLAVE 9600 PORT_C MASTER 19200 21 RPC1 Port Config RPC2 Port Config COMMUNICATIONS COMMUNICATIONS PORT_A SLAVE 19200 PORT A SLAVE 19200 PORT C CUSTOM 9600 PARITY E SBIT 1 BIT 8 PARAM 8 1 1 The figure above shows the Communication Port definitions in each of the three Network 3000 controllers DC1 RPC1 and RPC2 In addition to configuring the ports and any necessary structures in ACCOL each node must be defined in the Network Definition NETDEF files and Open BSI communications must be configured on the PC This subject is discussed in the Open BSI Utilities Manual document D5081 An Introduction to ACCOL Page 7 3 Chapter 8 What Should Know About Memory What Should I Know About Memory Depending upon the application your controller will be used for you might not need to
95. thing other than 0 or else the task will never execute To do this change the 0 0 to 0 2 in the dialog box and click on OK The first line of the task will now be displayed as shown below fe ACCOL Phi Code for Task 1 gt TASK 1 RATE 0 200000 PRI 1 Page A 10 An Introduction to ACCOL Appendix A Creating A Sample ACCOL Load Now let s start inserting modules in our task From our previous discussion we know we need to get the data in using an ANIN module Let s specify that first To do so click on the second line of the task so as not to interfere with the information on the first line and dick on Modules in the menu bar and Insert in the pull down menu The Select Module dialog box will appear Click on ANIN in the list box then click on the OK push button NOTE Before selecting certain I O modules ANIN DIGIN etc you need to specify the number of I O terminals in the Number of Terminals field For this example however we only need one analog input which is the default so we can just leave the default of 1 in the Number of Terminals field The ANIN Module appears in FT ACCOL PM1 lt Code for Task 1 gt j ifi j 10 ANIN line specifies which slot the DEVICE DEVICE 1D ANIN Module should reference HITI a ER l i ANALOG _SIGNAL_OR_VALUE ene Because our Analog Input Board is in Slot 2 we must erase the word DEVICE_ID and specify a 2
96. this kind of situation is to limit the size of accumulations If for example you are performing accumulations which can get large and add small increments to it say an equipment runtime measurement using the Command Module s RUNTIME terminal you might want to zero out the runtime every month after saving the monthly total in a signal which can be used later as part of a yearly runtime accumulation Use Double Precision Modules Where Necessary Another way to lessen the impact of these problems is to use modules which support double precision calculations Double precision calculations allow many more bits for representing numbers internally Note however that they too can eventually run out of space for displaying full precision it just takes much longer to run out Among the modules which support double precision internal calculations are the Averager ETOT TRND TOT TRND and ElIntegrator The output of these modules is still a single precision value but it is based on the more accurate double precision internal calculations The Daccumulator also allows double precision operations but its output is two single precision numbers which when combined provide an approximation of a double precision number See the Daccumulator section of the ACCOL II Reference Manual document D4044 for details If you have more questions concerning these subjects contact Bristol Babcock Application Support for help PageB 2 An Int
97. tivated by other ACCOL modules The following are non executing modules which are appropriate for use in Task 0 AUDIT EASTATUS EAUDIT RBE REDUNDANCY RIOSTATS SLAVE All other modules should be placed in tasks which execute at a specified rate Task Control Statements Normally the modules in a task execute in sequential order Task Control Statements can be inserted in the task to modify the flow of execution Modules can be conditionally skipped using IF ENDIF ELSE ELSEIF statements Modules can be repeatedly executed using FOR ENDFOR statements The entire task can wait for a particular event to occur or time to elapse using WAIT statements The task can even suspend its execution with a SUSPEND statement The task can then only be re started by aRESUME statement in a different task In the simple example task shown below only one of the two singleline calculator modules will execute which one is chosen depends upon the hour of the day determined in the IF statement TASK 2 RATE 0 500000 PRI 1 REDUN 0 10 C SIMPLE TASK TO TURN ON LIGHTS IN A ROOM 20 C BETWEEN 4 00 PM AND 6 00 AM 30 IF TIME 005 gt 16 TIME 005 lt 6 40 CALCULATOR ROOM LIGHT ON 50 ELSE 60 CALCULATOR ROOM LIGHT OFF 70 ENDIF The following is a list of sections in the ACCOL II Reference Manual document D4044 which contain details on control statements ABORT BREAK CONTROL
98. uting any tasks and is said to be idle In this situation with only one task in the load the task rate could safely be set faster to say 0 3 seconds thereby minimizing the idle time D Time S Time De Time 3 0 0 25 1 1 25 2 2 25 all time in seconds Task Rate 1 second task execution Since an ACCOL load can have many tasks be aware that each task must share execution time Some tasks may have critical calculations which require frequent updates To efficiently use the system tasks should be scheduled to run as frequently as needed but not so fast as to cause slippage of the execution time For example in the timing diagram above with a 1 second task rate the controller is idle for 0 75 seconds out of every 1 00 second Therefore if other tasks are added to the load and the sum of their execution times is always less than 0 75 seconds they could also all have 1 second task rates Continuous Tasks If desired a task may be set to run continuously by specifying C as its task rate when creating the ACCOL source file off line or setting the appropriate RATE nnn signal toa value of 1 when operating on line Care must be taken however to ensure that continuous tasks are given a priority lower than any other task or to use WAIT statements to stop execution of the continuous task If these precautions are NOT taken any tasks with a lower priority than the continuous task WILL NEVER execute Task Prio
99. y array are made directly in the ACCOL source file They may be changed using ACCOL Workbench in either off line or on line mode but cannot be changed via DataView or other access methods The data entries may however be viewed by operators and referenced by ACCOL modules In some applications Julian Date Time information can be stored in an array via system signals This data is treated as analog information An Introduction to ACCOL Page 5 1 Chapter 5 What Are Data Arrays Read Write Array entries conversely can only be specified on line either by an operator entering values or by the execution of ACCOL logic Modules Which Are Commonly Used With Arrays Although many ACCOL modules use arrays some are specifically designed for array access or array data manipulation Storage Module This module allows data to be read from a data array and stored in a signal list or read from a signal list and stored in a data array Function Module This module can use an array as a look up table The first row and first column of the array must each include values in ascending order These values will be used as indices to look up values from among the remaining array elements Interpolation can be performed by the module if row and column indices are not exact Stepper Module This module is used in applications which can be divided up into a specific set of steps and where each step requires a certain set of signal outputs Each
100. y our customers and are N Xe markedly different from the initial version All are rooted in the initial concept of ep ep ACCOL however which was to create a A eee bee high level programming language which ala eo weeded used a modular approach for monitoring en and control of process control applications es What is Network 3000 Network 3000 is the name for a product family of Bristol Babcock digital remote process controllers and auxiliary equipment which includes the DPC 3330 DPC 3335 RTU 3310 and RTU 3305 remote process controllers as well as GFC 3308 series flow computers and the EGM 3530 xx TeleFlow RTU 3530 xx TeleRTU series flow computers and RTUs Network 3000 series controllers are utilized in a wide variety of measurement and control applications throughout the water waste water and natural gas pipeline industries These controllers collect data from field instrumentation such as pressure transmitters flow meters electrical contacts and switches The incoming data is received through connection points on process I O boards in the controller Based on the i incoming data Network 3000 controllers are often referred to as simply 33xx controllers because of the 33 in the model number 3530 TdeFlow and TdeRTU units only support a subset of ACCOL modules and features Task slip counts and rate information communication statistics and crash blocks are not available Seethe ACCO

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