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Final Report of EURAMET.EM-S26 Supplementary

1. Rwrc cable Data loggers Maximum temperature C Minimum temperature uS Maximum humidity rh Minimum humidity rh If the package or its contents shows any visible damage please describe it here If possible include a picture Annex 6 Confirmation note of dispatch Supplementary comparison EUROMET EM S26 Inductance measurements of 100 mH at 1 kHz Before shipment of the travelling standards to the next participant please check the packages and their contents and send this information by e mail to INM Anca Nestor inm ro Acronym of institute Country The packages will be sent to acronym of next participant On date I have checked the packages and they contain the following items The package of the INRIM inductance standard contains the following items yes no Transport case Inductance standard sn 13975 INRIM Power supply 12 V 4 2 adapter Shorting bar 4x BPO dust cap Rpri00 cable Technical protocol of 5 The package of the PTB inductance standard contains the following items Transport case Inductance standard sn 18197 PTB 24 V DC uninterruptible power system UPS Cable set for UPS and line adapter DC DC converter 12 24 V cable set for DC DC converter data logger for ambient parameters
2. Quantity Description Xi TX Ratio of impedance meter readings I Certified value of NML 100 mH reference standard amp Correction for temporal drift of NML ref standard a Temperature coefficient of NML reference standard T Measuring temperature TCAL Calibration temperature of NML Reference standard Correction for humidity effects NML reference standard amp Correction for effect of measuring current NML reference standard OLIN Correction for non linearity of the impedance meter Correction for the effect on in phase components on reading of impedance meter 07 0 7 Corrections due to uncompensated stray impedances Uncertainty budget table Quantity Estimate Standard Probability Method of Sensitivity Uncertainty Degrees of uncertainty distribution evaluation coefficient contribution freedom Xi Xi u A B Ci ci rx 1 000 050 0 000 008 Norm A 100 mH 0 000 8mH 10 I D 100 002 mH 0 0035mH_ Norm B 1 0 0035mH gt 10 0 000 000 0 000 082 Triangular B 100 mH 0 008 2 mH gt 10 0 000 008 0 000 005 Uniform B 300mHK 0 00015mH gt 10 7 3K 0 1K Uniform B 0 000 8 0 0001 mH gt 10 Ou 0 000 000 0 000 014 Uniform B 100 mH 0 0014 mH 10 amp 0 000 000 0 000 014 Uniform B 100 mH 0 0014mH 10 OLIN 0 000 000 0 000 050 Uniform B 100 mH 0 0050 mH
3. Ley 012 5U 543 Us 14 Ags Axi Ass Asig SL yr SLp SLin 5Res 5Conn List of Quantities wr pam ten EM Inductance value of DUT Certificate value of reference inductance Measured value of DUT Measured zero value short of DUT Measured value of reference inductance Measured zero value short of reference inductance Drift correction for reference inductance Temperature correction for reference inductance Us44 H Estimation of irreversibel effects not outaveraged by substitution method Temperature correction for DUT 5 Additional error introduced by the difference of the measured zero values not for 3 pole inductances Influence of the linearity of the LCR bridge Influence of the resolution of the bridge Additional influences of the connections not outaveraged by substitution method La Type B normal distribution Value 0 1000580 H Expanded Uncertainty 2 1 10 4y Coverage Factor 2 Internal Certificate SMD of 27 07 2007 value for 1 kHz Date 08 03 2007 File INRIM S1 20070801 Page 1 of 3 EURAMET EM S26 Page 48 of 119 Calibration of a 100 mH standard inductance INRIM sn 13975 at 1 kHz inductance value Aga Type B normal distribution Value 0 100058150 H Expanded Uncertainty 4 6 10 7 H Coverage Factor 2 Aag Type B normal distribution Value 3 195 107 Expanded Uncertainty 0 41 10 7 H Coverage Factor 2 Aa Type B normal distribution Value 0
4. 2 terminal Series Resistance R Q Frequency f Hz Current J rms mA Rerioo or Q Ambient temperature C Relative humidity 96 Annex 5 Confirmation note of receipt Supplementary comparison EUROMET EM S26 Inductance measurements of 100 mH at 1 kHz When you receive the travelling standards please check the packages and their contents and read out the data logger Send this information by e mail to INM Anca Nestor inm ro Acronym of institute Country The packages were received on date The package of the INRIM inductance standard contains the following items yes no Transport case Inductance standard sn 13975 INRIM Power supply 12 V 4 2 adapter Shorting bar 4x BPO dust cap Rprioo cable Technical protocol of 5 The package of the PTB inductance standard contains the following items yes no Transport case Inductance standard sn 18197 PTB 24 V DC uninterruptible power system UPS Cable set for UPS and line adapter DC DC converter 12 24 V cable set for DC DC converter data logger for ambient parameters infrared adapter for data loggers CD with software for data logger two 12 V lead acid batteries cable set to connect transport batteries with the standard
5. 0 00429 0 00427 1 0 SMD 0 00108 0 00244 0 00119 0 00261 0 00114 0 00253 0 4 DANIAmet NMI 0 01540 0 00494 0 01552 0 00499 0 01546 0 00496 3 1 VSL 0 00051 0 00267 0 00025 0 00276 0 00038 0 00272 0 1 PTB4 0 00032 0 00050 0 00004 0 00070 0 00018 0 00060 0 3 GUM 0 00034 0 00365 0 00064 0 00372 0 00049 0 00369 0 1 MKEH 0 12318 0 02071 0 14650 0 02072 0 13484 0 02072 6 5 INM 0 00821 0 00802 0 01255 0 00805 0 01038 0 00804 1 3 PTB5 0 00019 0 00049 0 00001 0 00069 0 00009 0 00059 0 2 METAS 0 00823 0 00166 0 00070 0 00179 0 00446 0 00173 2 6 UME 0 00106 0 00172 0 00117 0 00185 0 00112 0 00179 0 6 NML 0 00778 0 02301 0 00792 0 02302 0 00785 0 02301 0 3 PTB6 0 00024 0 00049 0 00008 0 00069 0 00008 0 00059 0 1 NMI SA 0 00239 0 00902 0 00239 0 00902 0 3 IAI SL 0 00147 0 02001 0 00147 0 02001 0 1 PTB7 0 00008 0 00049 0 00008 0 00049 0 2 SIQ 0 00552 0 06000 0 00552 0 06000 0 1 PTB8 0 00010 0 00049 0 00010 0 00049 0 2 PTB 0 00000 0 00000 0 00000 0 00000 0 00000 0 00000 0 0 EURAMET EM S26 Page 20 of 119 0 15 4 i i i i i amp cv OQ 49 AV GN AO QV QS x o9 SaaS ay Ki SS 5 Figure 15 Degrees of equivalence 0 020 Di mH 0 015 0 010 0 005 0 000 0 005 0 010 g
6. Description of the quantities in the model equation Quantit AT Description X R resistance value of the reference resistor at 1 kHz traceable to Ry so time constant of the reference resistor angular frequency of the applied signal real part of the measured complex ratio of voltages short imaginary part of the measured complex ratio of voltages A error on the measured value of A due to the non linearity of the input stage of the detector error on the measured value of B due to the non linearity of the input stage of the detector error on Ls due to the finite impedance of the input stage of the detetcor error on Ls due to the finite resolution of the Kelvin Balance residual inductance of a short Uncertainty budget table Quantity Estimate Xi Xi u xi Cj u x Vi I L R 670335 00019 Nome ase reoeo 02 89 A 012587651 0100000024 Nome A aeaeo 0 319 e 00000005 Be 8 aso 00 s e of 000000745 Bo roo 0 5 0 37269 Box 5 exam 5626 08 9 p 3 006 07 ET pretesa Page 72 of 119 Model equation that follows from the measurement setup R R A amp B g T 6 S Zin EE Kelvin Ro Uncertainty budget table I 6670336 0 0079 Nema ase 0 0000 60 0100000024 Normal j Box _ RE Combined standard uncertainty Effective degree of freedom Expanded uncertainty p 95 Series Resistance
7. Graphic Graphic display of measurement values Export Export of activated measurement values xls Setup Basic settings of parameters software version information Help Online help to use the data logger software Open Logger Table Graphic Export Setup Help In most of the cases by pressing the button Logger a connection to the data logger will be necessary To establish this connection automatically at least one logger has to be placed in front of the IrDA interface and the correct serial port has to be selected Selection of the Serial Interface Port Selecting the serial port which is connected to the IrDA Interface is done by clicking the button Setup and choosing the appropriate port in the field Communication In case this selected port is mistakenly occupied by another device e g mouse the software will recognise and report this error immediately Communication com 2 Infrared 7 This serial port is used to communicate with data logger A correctly selected port is automatically stored at the program exit and shown in the field Communication at the next start of this software 2 2 Selection of the Data Logger Activating the Button Logger in the main window the logger window is Search for 1 ftoager EE Ie go 29 Ms C Search for zi Logger ID Searc Sa Stat Remove The logger identification is either automatically done by selecting one or more data loggers found or by manual input of the required lo
8. EURAMET EM S26 Page 41 of 119 C 12 South Africa The effective inductance of the travelling standard was measured against a GR1482 L inductance standard serial number 19723 using a QuadTech 1693 RLC Digibridge serial number 2222610 1 The QuadTech 1693 low current terminal was connected to the Wavetek 1281 Digital Multimeter low current input The high current input of the Wavetek 1281 Digital Multimeter and the low potential terminal of the QuadTech 1693 were connected together using a BNC T connector with one end of the T connector connected to a BNC to banana connector 2 The high current and high potential terminals were connected together using a second BNC T connector and a BNC to banana connector 3 Thereafter the open and short calibration of the QuadTech 1693 was undertaken 4 The QuadTech 1693 was then connected across the high and low binding posts of the standard inductor in 2 terminal mode and the QuadTech 1693 inductance reading across the standard inductor recorded 5 To measure lead inductance the connecting leads were then removed from the high and low binding posts of the standard inductor and connected across the shorted low and guard binding posts of the standard inductor and the QuadTech 1693 inductance reading across the shorted low and guard binding posts recorded 6 The effective inductance of the standard inductor was determined by calculating the difference between the measurement resu
9. In the event of a failure of a travelling standard the pilot laboratory Mrs Anca Nestor INM should be informed at once Please report any details about the nature of the failure and wait for further instructions 3 7 Financial aspects insurance Each participant laboratory is responsible for its own costs for the measurement transportation and any custom charges as well as any damage that may occur during transport of the standard to the next participant It is therefore strongly recommended that you properly insure the standard during the stay in your laboratory and during transport to the next participant The standards should be insured for an amount of 20000 Page 99 of 119 4 Measurement instructions 4 1 Before the measurements The standards must be positioned with the connectors facing upwards Before and during the measurement the thermostatic enclosures of the standards must be energized 4 1 1 INRIM inductance standard A 12 0 V 500 mA dc low noise power supply has to be connected to the banana sockets red black The 12 V supply provided with the travelling standard is suited for this purpose but its employment is not mandatory At power up the thermostat green LED lights indicating thermostat ON cycle After some hours the lamp goes off then on again with an approximate period of 30 minutes The standard reaches its operating temperature around 28 C in 24 hours Tentative measurements on the st
10. gt 10 0 000 000 0 000 020 Uniform B 100 mH 0 0020 mH gt 10 07 07 0 000 000 0 000 050 Uniform B 100 mH 0 0050 mH gt 10 Combined standard uncertainty Uc 0 011 7 mH Effective degrees of freedom Vett gt 10 Expanded uncertainty 95 U 0 023 mH EURAMET EM S26 Page 57 of 119 D 6 Uncertainty budget IAI SL Israel The inductance Lx of the unknown is obtained from the relationship Lst Ld Lts 1 S S Lr Lp Lw Ls inductance of the reference inductor GenRad 1482 L as certified by NPL Ld drift of the reference inductor since last calibration S the standard ratio transformer setting to obtain null Lts temperature effect of the reference 30ppm C Lr correction for limited resolution Lp correction for parasitic inductance contribution from detector connection Lw correction for inductance of the wires connection Five mesurement are taken during 1 week the results are given below measurement Ratio Inductance Series Rpt100 number Transformer mH Resistance Q Q N S L Rs 0 499 699 9 100 057 0 82 89 110 6712 0 499 698 7 100 057 5 82 90 110 6764 0 499 697 8 100 057 9 82 89 110 6730 4 0 4996995 100 0572 82 89 110 6760 0 499 698 4 100 057 6 82 90 110 6732 mean 0 499 698 9 100 057 45 82 89 110 6740 0 0000004 0 00015 0 0024 0 00098 uncertaint freedom Quanti Uncertainty Sensitivity Probability inty m Symbol t
11. low current terminal IL White high voltage terminal VH Black low voltage terminal VL 2 5 Quantities to be measured The impedance of the travelling standard between the high and low connector can be modelled as a series connection of an ideal inductor Ls and an ideal resistor The complex impedance Z is given by Z jOL with 27f and fis the frequency The measurand in this comparison is the self inductance L expressed in the unit of henry The value of L should be determined with a sinusoidal excitation current with an effective value of 1 mA and a frequency f of 1 kHz The mandatory measurement in this comparison is to determine the value of L by means of a two terminal connection of the travelling standard the standard is connected between the high and low terminal and the case of the standard is connected to the low terminal 2 6 Method of computation of the reference value The reference value of this comparison will be determined from the results of participants with an independent realization of the unit of inductance Henry Participants of whom the results show a strong deviation from the other participants will not be included in the reference value If all reported uncertainties are of the same order of magnitude the reference value will be computed as the mathematical mean of the independent results If there are significant differences in the reported uncertainties a weighted mean may be p
12. 100 045 100 040 100 035 100 030 p Figure F 2 Measurement results after drift corrections with the corrected result of METAS and UMTS indicated by METAS 2 and UMTS 2 0 016 mH Degree of Equivalence with Rinno t 0 014 0 012 gt 820 0 010 EURAMET EM 826 0 008 T T i T 0 006 4 0 004 i 0 002 4 I 0 000 4 T 0 002 0 004 0 006 0 008 0 010 0 012 0 014 0 016 T T T T T T T T T T Q9 amp HANH QO OH gt SY a a5 dw cv L YD YD SL S3 lr d GS oq 457 S S y aM SF DY SS 5 5 x SOLVE CP gt LHS S SE S99 es SU Qr Figure F 3 Degrees of equivalence after the corrective actions from METAS and UMTS indicated by METAS 2 and UMTS 2 Page 90 of 119 Annex G Comparison protocol NMi VSL INM PTB INRIM Netherlands Romania Germany Italy EUROMET project 816 Supplementary Comparison Inductance measurements of 100 mH at 1 kHz Technical protocol E Dierikx NMi VSL A Nestor INM J Melcher PTB L Callegaro INRIM Version 21 September 2006 NMi Van Swinden Laboratorium P O Box 654 NL 2600 AR Delft The Netherlands Page 91 of 119 Table of contents Introduction 2 Travelling standards 2 1 2 2 2 9 2 4 2 3 2 6 D
13. A B Ci ci V Le 100 018 mH 0 003500 mH normal B 1 0 003500 mH 1E 99 dLd 0 0 mH 0 000008 mH rectangular A 1 0 000008 mH 4E 00 dLrx 100 108 mH 0 000548 mH normal A 1 0 000548 mH 4E 00 dLre 100 066 mH 0 000548 mH normal A 1 0 000548 mH 1E 99 dL icr 0 0 mH 0 000003 mH rectangular A 1 0 000003 mH 1E 99 0 0 mH 0 029464 mH rectangular A 1 0 029464 mH 1E 99 Combined standard uncertainty Uc 0 030 mH Effective degrees of freedom Vest 3E 09 Expanded uncertainty p 95 U 0 060 mH Page 68 of 119 D 12 Uncertainty budget NMISA South Africa Remarks Uncertainty budget for the 100 mH 1 kHz measurements using the substitution method Model equation that follows from the measurement set up L L _ x Read z Leccen Lp T s Read Description of the quantities in the model equation Quantity Description m a 1693 RLC Digibridge reading of 100 mH travelling standard L4 1693 RLC Digibridge reading of 100 mH laboratory standard 100 mH reference inductor certified value Ls Drift of 100 mH reference inductor since last calibration L Correction due to temperature coefficient of 100 mH reference inductor s Tc S Standard deviation of reported mean Uncertainty budget table Quantity Estimate Standard Probability Method of Sensitivit
14. Quantity Description Xi C Variable capacitor at resonance Alc Lead inductance between variable capacitor and travelling standard F Frequency G Conductance at resonance Gc Conductance of the variable capacitor As Standard deviation of the mean Aly Lead inductance between LCR meter and travelling standard Neu Influence due to external fields ATC Influence of temperature Influence of relative humidity Uncertainty budget table l Quantity Estimate Standard Probability Method of Sensitivity Uncertainty Degrees of uncertainty distribution evaluation coefficient contribution freedom Xi Xi u x A B Ci ci V 248 718nF 5pF Gauss k 2 B 388200 0 97 uH Alc luH 2 5pF Uniform B 388200 0 56 uH f 999 9937Hz Gauss k 2 B 1 97 10 0 10 uH oo G 209 501uS 200nS Uniform B 16 814 1 95 uH oo Gc 649nS 50nS Uniform B 16 814 0 49 uH oo As 2 9ppm Gauss k 1 A 1 0 29 uH 6 Al 500nH Sppm Uniform B 1 0 18 uH Next 10ppm Uniform B 1 0 29 uH 0 1 C 3ppm Uniform B 1 0 58 uH oo _5 RH Sppm Uniform B 1 0 29 uH oo Combined standard uncertainty Uc 2 44 uH Effective degrees of freedom Vere gt 10000 Expanded uncertainty 95 U 4 9 WH EURAMET EM S26 Page 52 of 119 D 3 Because of the many measurement periods and two standards we have to give 14 uncertainty budgets But the differences are only in the numerical parts So we exemplified the uncertaint
15. constant then we make the ratio of the two resistance coming from the measurements of the unknown and the reference inductances LL 5 where 5 L unknown inductance L4 reference inductance R after balancing the bridge the resistance of the balancing arm when measuring Ly Rs after balancing the bridge the resistance of the balancing arm when measuring Ls Measurement setup and reference standard Devices and standard used for measurement Name Inductance measuring assembly Type 1660 A Manufacturer General Radio Company Name Inductance bridge Type 1632 A Serial 1076 Name Amplifier and null detector Type 1232 A Serial 7227 Name Digital multimeter Type 8508A Manufacturer Fluke Serial 854447793 Name Standard inductor Type 1482 H Manufacturer General Radio Company Serial 17561 Nominal inductance 10 mH Audio Oscillator 1311 A 2522 Temperature and humidity meter 625 Testo 00467260 Temperature meter AirTech ACH Titon Bt 203 EURAMET EM S26 Page 34 of 119 C 5 NML Ireland The self inductance of each traveling standard was measured using a substitution measurement technique The reference standard was an air cored 100 mH inductance standard Sullivan Type R1490 SNo 751671 placed on a wooden table away from any magnetic disturbances A digital impedance meter HP Type 4284A was used as a transfer standard The test frequency was 1 kHz and the test current was
16. infrared adapter for data loggers CD with software for data logger two 12 V lead acid batteries cable set to connect transport batteries with the standard cable Remarks Annex 7 Data logger software instructions MINIATURE DATA LOGGER FAMILY MINIDAN VERSION 3 04 w ia 10 57 15 Extract from USER MANUAL By permission of ESYS Physikalisch Technische Bundesanstalt Germany 1 Getting Started Preparing your PC At first start Windows on your PC Furthermore check if your computer is using the correct time and date This fact is crucial because these settings will become the time base of your data logger Installing the PC Software Please insert the provided CD into your PC s CD ROM drive The installation routine of the data logger software may be started by choosing the Windows start bar Browse to Run type d Nsetup exe where d is the designation of your CD ROM drive click OK and follow the online screen instructions After confirmation of the destination directory e g c logger the installation will be completed As a result of a successful installation the program group Logger with the program icon Logger is listed as an entry in the program bar of Windows The software can be executed by double clicking the Icon with the left hand mouse key or may be selected in Start Programs Communication Set Up Comm
17. 08 rectangular B 1 68E 01 H S 4 85 07 H 20 f 1003 0 Hz 0 6301 953 rad s 6 30E 03 rad s normal B 3 12E 05 Hs rad 1 97 07 H 100 4 00E 08 H Hz 2 89E 08 H Hz rectangular B 2 99 Hz 8 62E 08 H 20 ly 1 62 06 H 1 73 07 H rectangular B 1 1 73 07 H 10 Nw 1 28 01 Q 1 15 02 Q rectangular B std 0 H 3 00E 06 H H normal A 1 00 01 H 3 00E 07 H 5 Combined standard uncertainty Uc 1 25 06 H Effective degrees of freedom Vett 68 Expanded uncertainty p 95 U 26 wH H C 247E 07 F Gp 2 08E 04 S Ly 0 1018213 7 5026678 L 0 1000424 H R 83 905635 Q EURAMET EM S26 Page 61 of 119 D 8 Uncertainty budget GUM Poland Model equation that follows from the measurement set up L Lc OLk La dLcw OLTx Description of the quantities in the model equation Quantity Description Xi Lc inductance value obtained from C L comparison LK correction due to comparison error bLa correction due to comparator resolution dLcw correction due to reference standard uncertainty bLtx correction due to temperature influence travelling standard Uncertainty budget table sn 18197 Quantity Estimate Standard Probability Method of Sensitivity Uncertainty Degrees uncertainty distribution evaluation coefficient contribution of Xi Xi u x A B c u x freedom V Lc 100 0409 mH 0 6 10e 4 mH normal A 1 0 6 10e 4 mH 200 OL amp 0
18. 1 mA RMS level The standards were connected in turn to the impedance meter by means of two 1 metre lengths of coaxial cable twisted together to minimize stray inductance and fixed to a rigid support so as to maintain a well defined and stable cable capacitance A correction for cable impedance was applied For each inductor the inductance measured by the impedance meter was that added to the measuring circuit when a short circuit placed across the terminals of the measured inductor was removed For both the INRIM and PTB standards the shorting links between the Low terminal and the Ground terminal were in place for all measurements The impedance meter readings series inductance and equivalent series resistance were acquired by a PC The mean and standard deviation of 100 samples were recorded During the course of the measurements the effects on the measurement results of changing the length of the connection cables the physical location of the standards and of a small change in the test current were investigated No deviation in excess of the random day to day variations was observed EURAMET EM S26 Page 35 of 119 C 6 IAI SL Israel Comparison to a 100 mH reference standard through transformer ratio bridge The values are given as series inductance with low terminal connected to ground terminal Master standard equipment used Model Description Manufacturer 1482 L Standar
19. 100 05716 0 00494 VSL Netherlands 14 03 2007 100 04190 0 00260 0 00001 0 00063 100 04189 0 00267 PTB4 Germany 26 04 2007 100 04162 0 00034 0 00007 0 00063 100 04169 0 00071 GUM Poland 13 05 2007 100 04090 0 00360 0 00010 0 00063 100 04100 0 00365 MKEH Hungary 06 06 2007 100 18800 0 02070 0 00014 0 00063 100 18814 0 02071 INM Romania 05 07 2007 100 05400 0 00800 0 00020 0 00063 100 05420 0 00802 PTB5 Germany 27 07 2007 100 04140 0 00028 0 00024 0 00063 100 04164 0 00069 METAS Switzerland 14 08 2007 100 04207 0 00153 0 00027 0 00063 100 04234 0 00165 UME Turkey 07 09 2007 100 04250 0 00160 0 00031 0 00063 100 04281 0 00172 NML Ireland 02 10 2007 100 04920 0 02300 0 00036 0 00063 100 04956 0 02301 PTB6 Germany 24 10 2007 100 04132 0 00030 0 00040 0 00063 100 04172 0 00070 PTB Germany 19 03 2007 100 04164 100 04164 0 00069 EURAMET EM S26 Page 17 of 119 100 080 Ls mH 100 075 100 070 100 065 100 060 100 055 100 050 100 045 100 040 100 035 100 030 sn 13975 sn 18197 RV sn 13975 RV sn 18197 tL ee LM PP EOS HPS SF SEP SMSF 6 55 lt 2 SS OW SOS SS m T I I I T T Y FX eg 4 OSX x x Figure 14 Inductance values measured by the participants and corrected for drift of the standards The Reference Values are indicated with full lines The expanded uncertainties in the reference values are shown a
20. 10005879 H Expanded Uncertainty 4 44 107 H Coverage Factor 2 Acip Type B normal distribution Value 2 897 10 Expanded Uncertainty 0 564 10 7 Coverage Factor 2 8 12 rectangular distribution Value 0 107 H Halfwidth of Limits 0 107 H value on 2 2006 0 1000572 rel unc 20 ppm k 2 value on 7 2007 0 1000572 rel unc 21 ppm 2 8 13 rectangular distribution Value 0 Halfwidth of Limits 3 1 107 H Computed TC of 3 1E 7 H K resolution on temperature measurements k 2 0 001 K 14 rectangular distribution Value 0 Halfwidth of Limits 2 107 SL Type B rectangular distribution Value 0 H Halfwidth of Limits 3 1 10 H TC 3 1E 6 H K resolution of temperature measurement 0 001 K 510 B rectangular distribution Value 0 H Halfwidth of Limits 0 H rectangular distribution Value 0 Halfwidth of Limits 3 5105 H 0 1 x Ap ANy2 Res Type B triangular distribution Value 0 H Halfwidth of Limits 3 10 H Date 08 03 2007 File INRIM_S1_20070801 Page 2 of 3 Calibration of a 100 mH standard inductance INRIM sn 13975 at 1 kHz inductance value The resolution of the bridge is 1E 5 Every measured value is the mean of 40 readings 36 Measured values are used to compute the results amp Conn Type B rectangular distribution Value 0 H Halfwidth of Limits 1 5 107 H Estimated value half of measurement
21. 24 2 3 3 1 3 1 1 3 12 3 1 3 3 1 4 3 2 6 1 6 2 6 3 6 4 9 10 Annex A Annex B Annex C 1 2 C 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 C 11 C 12 C 13 C 14 C 15 C 16 Introduction en ete eR rct ede te oT A Nn 5 Participants and organisation of the 6 Participants ossicles Palas vote once 6 Organisation of comparison atit conediwacsteendn tated saaedeaeela 6 WINE RPE CLEC ode MIS in Ex aba Med tede REO 6 Travelling standard and measurement instructions eene 7 Description of the 5 inten pa aed 7 The INRIM inductance standard sn 13975 7 Accessories with the INRIM inductance standard sseeeeene 8 The PTB inductance standard sn 18197 9 Accessories with the PTB inductance standard eeeeenn 10 Quantities to be measured and conditions of 10 Methods of 11 Behaviour of the travelling standards Urbes peer pet een brune pn 12 Measureimentiresults 5 uve ee e er eate eee covets 14 Results of the participating institutes 14 Reference val e uie ete hie e ee tem G
22. 5 8 10 H 10000 046 0 050 2 10 2 5 107 H 6Fupr 0a 0 01 Q 1 732 10 5 8 10 H Lk 52 4 uH 0 4 uH 15 2 1 2 107 H 0H 0 1 uH 19 1 732 1 5 77 10 H 0H 50 10 H 15 1 732 1 2 89 10 H 515 0H 110 H 1 732 1 5 77 10 Standard 7 Deviation of the 0H 0 11 105 H 15 1 1 1 1 107H Measurements Standard uncertainty RSS 7 94 107H Expanded Uncertainty k 2 Veff gt 100 16 10 H Page 75 of 119 Uncertainty components of the budget for the inductance standard sn 13975 Degrees ae Value Standard of Divisor Sensitivity Uncertainty Uncertainty Coefficient Contribution Freedom C 1000 410 pF 0 006 pF 16 1 732 10 Q 3 47 10 H 5 0 0005 19 1 732 10 Q 2 89 10 H C 0 344 pF 0 172 10 pF 16 1 732 10 Q 9 93 10 H SC 0 pF 0 034 10 pF 19 1 732 10 Q 2 05 10 H Ro 9999 738 0 05 Q 2 10 2 5 107 H 6Rop 0a 0 010 1 732 10 5 8 10 H 10000 046 0 050 2 10 2 5 107 H 6Fupr 0a 0 01 Q 1 732 10 5 8 10 H Lk 52 4 uH 0 4 uH 16 2 1 2 107 H 0H 0 1 uH 19 1 732 1 5 77 10 H 0H 50 10 H 16 1 732 1 2 89 10 H 515 0H 1 10 H co 1 732 1 5 77 10 Standard 7 Deviation of the 0H 0 09 10 H 16 1 1 0 9 10 H Measurements Standard uncertainty RSS 7 94 107H Expanded Uncertainty k 2 Veff gt 100 16 10 H Page 76 of 119 D 15 Uncertainty bud
23. 5 8 10e 4 mH rectang B 1 5 8 10e 4 mH 0 2 9 10e 7 mH rectang B 1 2 9 10e 7 mH Lcw 0 4 3 10e 4 nF normal B 3 95 mH nF 1 7 10e 3 mH OLTx 0 5 8 10e 5 mH rectang B 1 5 8 10e 5 mH L 100 0409 mH Combined standard uncertainty Uc 0 0018 mH Effective degrees of freedom Vest gt 200 assumed k 2 Expanded uncertainty 95 U 0 0036 mH Page 62 of 119 Uncertainty budget table sn 13975 Quantity Estimate Standard Probability Method of Sensitivity Uncertainty Degrees uncertainty distribution evaluation coefficient contribution of Xi Xi u x A B u x freedom Lc 100 0555 mH 0 6 10e 4 mH normal A 1 0 6 10e 4 mH 200 OL amp 0 5 8 10e 4 mH rectang B 1 5 8 10e 4 mH 0 2 9 10e 7 mH rectang B 1 2 9 10e 7 mH Lcw 0 4 3 10e 4 nF normal B 3 95 mH nF 1 7 10e 3 mH OLTx 0 5 8 10e 5 mH rectang B 1 5 8 10e 5 mH L 100 0555 mH Combined standard uncertainty Uc 0 0018 mH Effective degrees of freedom Vere gt 200 assumed k 2 Expanded uncertainty 95 U 0 0036 mH Model equation that follows from the measurement set up for reference standard Cw Cw Ban Bana Crca 6Cr1413 Quantity Description Xi CCcA 1413 capacitance value obtained fro
24. 600 0 9500 0 1000 METAS 83 960 0 130 999 994 0 001 1 0000 0 0500 UME 83 960 0 010 1000 000 0 050 1 0000 0 0500 NML 84 080 0 200 1000 000 0 200 1 0000 0 0300 PTB6 83 970 0 025 1000 500 0 600 0 9500 0 1000 Page 81 of 119 In Table E 3 and Table E 4 the measurements from the inductors internal temperature sensors are reported together with the ambient temperature and relative humidity Table E 3 Internal temperature and ambient conditions for travelling standard sn 13975 Laboratory Thermistor Thermistor Ambient Temperature Relative Relative resistance resistance temperature Unc humidity humidity Unc Unc Rerioo U Rprioo U T RH U RH Q Q A 1 110 768 0 010 23 15 0 20 45 5 3 0 NPL 110 686 0 000 20 00 1 00 50 0 10 0 PTB2 110 773 0 010 23 09 0 20 38 3 3 0 UMTS 110 673 0 001 22 90 0 20 41 0 3 0 PTB3 110 761 0 010 23 13 0 20 30 9 3 0 IPQ 110 669 0 000 23 00 1 00 50 0 5 0 SMD 110 671 0 003 23 35 0 25 36 8 1 1 DANIAmet NMI 110 672 0 003 23 00 0 50 45 0 5 0 VSL 110 652 0 022 23 00 0 50 49 0 10 0 PTB4 110 766 0 010 23 01 0 20 38 1 3 0 GUM 110 676 0 007 23 00 1 00 45 0 10 0 MKEH 110 804 0 010 22 51 0 05 55 5 2 0 INM 110 679 0 014 22 50 0 02 36 0 2 5 PTBS 110 768 0 010 23 08 0 20 52 8 3 0 METAS 110 673 0 005 23 00 0 50 43 0 10 0 UME 110 675 0 004 23 00 0 50 45 0 10 0 NML 110 672 0 004 23 55 0 20 44 0 4 0 PTB6 110 767 0 010 23
25. Equation Loser L1 905 2 90513 8U514 o9 A 5195 5L rSLg SLin SRes aConn List of Quantities Unt Dion Los inductance value of DUT o ia Cercate value of reference inductances Aa MeaswedvaueofOuT Am Measured zerovaiue A Measured value of reference inductance Ago H Measured zero value short of reference inductance Sus H correction for reference inductance Sus _H Temperature correction tor reference inductance 54 Estimation of irreversibel effects not outaveraged by substitution method SL H Temperature correction for DUT 51 Additional error introduced by the difference of the measured zero values not for 3 pole inductances din H Influence of the linearity of the LCR bridge sRs H Influence of the resolution of the bridge Calibration of a 100 mH standard inductance PTB sn 18197 at 1 kHz inductance value Ao Type B normal distribution Value 0 100043 H Expanded Uncertainty 4 5 10 7 H Coverage Factor 2 Avo Type B normal Gistribution Value 4 52 107 H Expanded Uncertainty 2 1 107 H Coverage Factor 2 Agi Type B normal distribution Value 0 10005799 H Expanded Uncertainty 40 107 H Coverage Factor 2 Ano Type B normal distribution Value 4 8 107 Expanded Uncertainty 1 14 107 H Coverage Factor 2 85 12 normal distribution Value 0 107 Expanded Uncertainty 0 1
26. Germany 16 April 2007 29 April 2007 up to 4 days two weeks 3 days 6 GUM Poland 7 May 2007 20 May 2007 up to 4 days two weeks 3 days 7 OMH Hungary 28 May 2007 10 June 2007 up to 4 days two weeks 3 days 8 INM Romania 18 June 2007 1 July 2007 up to 4 days two weeks 3 days Page 109 of 119 Third loop 2007 Time for stabilisation measurement and No Institute Country Measurements transport Start date End date Stabilisation Measurement Transport 0 PTB Germany 16 July 2007 29 July 2007 EEEEW upto 1 week 1 METAS Switzerland 6 August 2007 19 August 2007 up to 4 days two weeks 3 days 2 UME Turkey 27 August 2007 9 September 2007 up to 4 days two weeks 3 days 3 NML Irland 17 September 2007 30 September 2007 up to 4 days two weeks 3 days 4 PTB Germany 8 October 2007 2 October 2007 up to 4 days two weeks 3 days 5 NMI SA South Africa 29 October 2007 11 November 2007 up to 1 week two weeks to 1 week 6 SL Israel 26 November 2007 9 December 2007 up to 1 week two weeks up to 1 week 7 Germany 17 December 2007 Dec 2007 Jan 2008 up to 1 week Page 110 of 119 Annex 3 Typical scheme for an uncertainty budget Supplementary comparison EUROMET EM S26 Inductance measurements of 100 mH at 1 kHz In addition to your measurement report please send this information by e mail to NMi VSL
27. H 15 1310 5 m 3 8117 10 14 9 10 H 5 1 0 15 107 H 2 7 Ri 1 191188 10 Q 688 Q co f 1 19118800 10 Q 3 89 Q 5 1 240 4610 H 0 0 10003 7112 Q 10 210 Q 1300 10 10 100 10 H 43 7 10000 19915 Q 9 82 10 Q 1200 10 10 98 10 H 41 8 TypBc 0 0 57 7 10 4 0 10 230 107 H 0 0 TypB 0 0 577 10 m 3 810 2 2 10 H 0 096 TypBai 0 0 577 10 1 4107 810 10 0 0 TypBr 0 0H 1 7340 H eo 1 0 1 710 H 0 096 o 6283 19 s7 3 63 s 3 1415926535898 m 600 107 s 2 02 10 s 2410 48 107H 0 0 m 600 10 s 2 02 10 s 2 4107 4840 7H 0 0 Ls 0 100041147 H 187 107 H 480 Result quantity estimator combined relative coverage coverage standard expanded factor uncertainty uncertainty Ls 0 10004115 H 187 107 H 3 7 10 t table 95 EURAMET EM S26 Page 55 of 119 D 4 Uncertainty budget MKEH Hungary Model equation that follows from the measurement set up Ls L Lo Lr 9L Le SLs Rx T SRix Rs where LE unknown inductance I reference inductance 01 uncertainty from the long term stability of the reference inductance uncertainty from the unbalance of the bridge SLR uncertainty from the repeatability of the bridge uncertainty from the inductivity of the connection to the bridge dL ts temperature correction of the r
28. Page 73 of 119 0 14 Uncertainty budget UME Turkey The inductance value of Lx is obtained from the equation of Li R R Ry OR yay C Ly L srg OLs Where Ly The inductance value of the travelling standard R2 The calibrated value of R2 R Correction due to the drift of Rz R4 The calibrated value of R4 OR Correction due to the drift of R4 C The value of the variable capacitance in the main measurements oC Correction due to the stability of C C The value of the variable capacitance in small value inductance measurements dC Correction due to the stability of C Lk The value of the small inductor standard OL Correction due to the stability of Ly OLstg Correction due to the stability of the bridge inductance OLs Correction due to the total systematic errors of the bridge Page 74 of 119 Uncertainty components of the budget for the inductance standard sn 18197 Degrees Value Standard of Divisor Sensitivity Uncertainty Uncertainty Coefficient Contribution Freedom C 1000 267 pF 0 006 pF 15 1 732 10 Q 3 47 10 H 5 0 0005 19 1 732 10 Q 2 89 10 H C 0 344 pF 0 172 10 pF 15 1 732 10 Q 9 93 10 H SC 0 pF 0 034 10 pF 19 1 732 10 Q 2 05 10 H Ro 9999 738 0 05 Q 2 10 2 5 107 H 6Rop 0a 0 010 1 732 10
29. VL for the potential high and potential low respectively IH VL L RS RN HA IN P fi ANLA M IN GAA N A ux A A E A N Figure 2 4TP BPO connectors on the travelling standard Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the internal 4TP connection of the travelling standard There are two banana sockets on the standard indicated with 12V red and OV black Figure 4 This is the 12 V power supply input for the thermostatic enclosure The internal temperature of the enclosure is measured by PT100 resistance thermometer that can be accessed through the LEMO connector indicated with PT100 Figure 5 EURAMET EM S26 Page 7 of 119 12V OV PT100 Figure 4 Banana socket for 12 V DC input of Figure 5 LEMO socket for measurement of the thermostatic enclosure internal temperature Rprioo 3 1 2 Accessories with the INRIM inductance standard In the transport case with the INRIM inductance standard several accessories are provided All 2 terminal 2T measurements must be performed using the provided 4 2 adapter Figure 6 and Figure 7 This adapter should be placed directly on the IH and IL BPO connectors of the standard During the 2T measurement the shorting bar shown in Figure 6 must always be connected between the low L and ground G banana terminals of the adapter H LOS y e IH JIL O le CA ie Figu
30. be considered as an integral part of the standard The VL and VH BPO connectors should be protected by dust caps included with the standard During the two terminal measurements the ground G terminal and the low L terminal of the 4 2 adapter should always be connected together by the shorting bar that is included in the package Do not use any other shorting bars and do not report any results of measurements with the shorting bar removed Participants are requested to record all relevant parameters during the measurements This includes for example excitation current frequency internal temperature Rprio9 ambient temperature and relative humidity Note to avoid self heating of the PT100 it is recommended to use a measuring current of less than 3 mA Page 100 of 119 4 2 2 PTB inductance standard During the measurements the ground and low terminal must always be connected together by the ground strap Participants are requested to record all relevant parameters during the measurements This includes with minimum the parameters who must state in the Summery of results see annex 4 inductance value series resistance frequency current internal temperature Rntc ambient temperature and relative humidity 4 3 Method of measurement This protocol does not prescribe a specific method of measurement or measurement set up as long as the following requirements are met The excitation signal should be sinusoidal the total h
31. indicator E is calculated as D U D 8 1 All degrees of equivalence and the values are given in Table 7 The values of D with the uncertainties are also plotted in Figure 15 and Figure 16 6 4 Link to the EUROMET EM S20 comparison The results of this comparison are to be linked to the EUROMET EM S20 comparison 1 which was organized by the Istituto Nazionale de Ricerca Metrologica INRiM in Italy and the measurements were performed in 2002 and 2003 A complete calculation of the link and its results is given in Annex B The link is determined from the results of laboratories that have participated in both comparisons Two laboratories PTB and GUM have participated in both comparison but GUM did not use the same measurement set up in both comparisons Therefore it was decided to use only the PTB results to determine the link EURAMET EM S26 Page 19 of 119 Table 7 Degrees of equivalence and values piu B sn s 97 xn 2 ERE mH mH mH mH mH mH PTB1 0 00017 0 00048 0 00067 0 00069 0 00042 0 00059 0 7 NPL 0 00062 0 00425 0 00093 0 00430 0 00077 0 00427 0 2 PTB2 0 00061 0 00051 0 00074 0 00071 0 00067 0 00061 1 1 UMTS 0 00428 0 00210 0 00475 0 00221 0 00452 0 00215 2 1 PTB3 0 00020 0 00052 0 00004 0 00071 0 00008 0 00061 0 1 IPQ 0 00413 0 00425 0 00444 0 00430
32. msn 18197 100 051 i _ 400 039 S S S S S S JP ee FF P P P uP uo d SY NI w d NX qv QN gQ Nf Figure 13 Behaviour of the travelling standards Both of the standards show a small drift For both standards the value of the second measurement in November 2006 is significantly lower than the other values This deviation is most probably caused by a shock that the standards have experienced during transport from NPL to PTB It seems that after a few months the standards have recovered to their previous value and behaviour Despite the deviation in November 2006 the behaviour of the standards is approximate by a linear fit through all of the measurement points of PTB This linear fit is given by y y 72m x x 1 where x days a given date Xo days the average date of the PTB measurements on one standard y mH the inductance value given by the linear fit on date x yo mH the average inductance value of the PTB measurements on one standard m mH day the drift of the inductance value per day EURAMET EM S26 Page 12 of 119 For each of the travelling standards the values of xo yo and m are given in Table 3 In this table u yo and u m are the standard uncertainties k 1 in yo and m respectively Table 3 Fit parameters for the behaviour of the travelling standards Inductor Xo yo mH mH mH day mH day sn 13975 10 07
33. of the decade resistor TypBr H takes into account the uncertainty of the temperature stability of the travelling standard oO s7 radian frequency of measurement To time constant of resistor R2 1 The quantity value 0 does not make a contribution to the value of Ls but to the uncertainty EURAMET EM S26 Page 53 of 119 Quantities quantity type value half width degrees of standard freedom uncertainty Ls result Ci type B normal 1 00002297 10 F 2000 50 Cia interim result Ciao interim result interim result type rectangular 1 0040 F 110 Cau type B rectangular 2 00110 F 110 f type B rectangular 1000 Hz 1Hz kp type B rectangular 1 10 s 11075 s rectangular 110 s 1 10 s Lxo interim result interim result R2 type A combined 10003 7112 Q 10 2 10 Q 1300 type A combined 10000 1992 Q 9 82 10 Q 1200 TypBc type B rectangular 0 1 104 TypB type B rectangular 0 1 10 type rectangular 0 1 10 TypBr type B rectangular OH 3 10 H 0 interim result T constant 3 141592653589 type rectangular 6 10 s 3 5 10 s type rectangular 6 10 s 3 5 10 s Measurements Observation Cia Ciao ko fi No in F in F in H in Q 1 1 00204 10 1 04268 10 3 79 10 1191182 0 2 1 00560 10 1 04592 10 3 78 10 11912
34. org EURAMET EM S26 Page 26 of 119 Participant Federal Office of Metrology Acronym METAS Contact person Fr d ric Overney Address Lindenweg 50 CH 3003 Bern Wabern Switzerland Tel 41 31 32 33 296 Fax 41 31 32 33 210 E mail frederic overney Q metas ch Participant Ulusal Metroloji Enstit ts Acronym UME Contact person G lay G lmez Address TUBITAK UME Anibal Cad PK 54 41470 Gebze Kocaceli Turkey Tel 90 262 679 5000 ext 4150 Fax 902 626 795 001 E mail gulay gulmez Q ume tubitak gov tr Participant State Enterprise Ukrmetrteststandard Acronym UMTS UKRCSM at the time of the measurements Contact person Oleh Velychko Address 4 Metrologichna Str Kyiv 143 03143 Ukraine Tel 38 044 526 0335 Fax 38 044 526 0335 E mail velychko ukrcsm kiev ua Participant National Physical Laboratory Acronym NPL Contact person Janet Belliss Address Hampton Road Teddington Middlesex TW11 United Kingdom Tel 44 0 208 943 6294 Fax 44 0 208 943 6341 E mail janet belliss npl co uk EURAMET EM S26 Page 27 of 119 Table A 1 Measurement schedule of the comparison Institute Country Measurements Travelling standard Start date End date sn 13975 sn 18197 1 Germany 26 06 2006 24 09 2006 yes yes United NPL 02 10 2006 16 10 2006 yes yes PTB2 Germany 23 10 2006 29 10 2006 yes yes UMTS Ukrain
35. out on the INRIM standard on October 29 2009 Square original bridge configuration with the INRIM 12 V DC source Diamonds original bridge configuration using 12 V DC batteries The uncertainty bars correspond to the expanded uncertainty given in the comparison Page 84 of 119 For these additional measurements the bridge has been setup into a configuration similar to the system used during the comparison i e with an inappropriate ground connection The thermostat of the standard was powered either form the INRIM 12 V DC source squares or from 12 V DC batteries diamonds A systematic shift of about 92 5 uH H is clearly visible between the two configurations These new results are obtained two years after the comparison campaign It is therefore meaningless to compare the new value to the reference value of the comparison However the difference of the results obtained using either the INRIM 12 V DC source or the 12 V DC batteries is a good estimation of the systematic error done during the comparison Therefore the reported value by METAS for the measurement of the INRIM sn 13975 standard should be corrected by a factor of 92 5 uH H with an expanded k 2 uncertainty of 21 8 uH H Finally the corrected results for the INRIM sn 13975 standard is Ls 100 05474 0 00267 mH The effect of the leakage current on the resistive part of the inductance is well below the measuring uncertainty and no correction has to be applied C
36. protocol All general questions concerning this comparison may be directed to Erik Dierikx The support group of this comparison consists of the same persons that are included in the organizing group mentioned above 3 2 Participants There is a total number of 15 participants in this comparison The complete list of participants with there contact details is given in Annex 1 3 3 Time schedule After PTB has performed the initial characterization of the travelling standard the comparison will start on 28 September 2006 Each participant will be allowed three or four weeks for performing the measurements and shipment of the standard to the next participant If unforeseen circumstances prevent a laboratory from carrying out its measurements within the agreed time period it has to send the travelling standard without delay to the laboratory next in line INM has to be informed about this incident immediately A new date at a later time shall be fixed to allow the laboratory to carry out its measurements The circulation scheme is given in Annex 2 3 4 Transportation The standards have to be protected against excessive mechanical shocks The maximum permissable acceleration is 25 g The PTB standard has to be transported in thermostated Page 98 of 119 condition Without external power supply the internal batteries allows a maximum operating time of 72 hours The ambient temperature has to be between 10 C to 30 C The ambient parameters t
37. von Klitzing constant Rx 99 By using a series of DC bridges the value of a 1000 quadrifilar resistor whose DC and AC values only differ by a few parts in 10 is determined Then using a series of coaxial AC bridges the values of resistors and capacitors are determined culminating in the establishment of our primary 10 pF capacitance standard NBS117 2d To derive inductance from this traceable capacitance scale high Q self inductors NL500 amp NL250 were resonated with a variable capacitor in a parallel tuned circuit at a measured frequency so the impedance of the combination is almost purely resistive Then at the same frequency the conductance and residual capacitance of the combination are measured The capacitance and shunt conductance of the variable capacitor are also measured The inductance of each high Q self inductor is then calculated from these measured values The inductance comparison bridge 9 shown in figure 1 relates the high Q inductors to our primary inductance standards S N438 10 mH S N439 20 mH S N440 50 mH and S N907 400mH in turn to establish a traceable scale of inductance These inductors were then used to measure the two travelling inductors Inductance comparison bridge The four arm bridge shown in Figure 1 equates the ratio of the impedances of the two bridge arms containing the inductors L and 12 according to the simplified balance equation 1 L 2 __ L R R l n where Li R1 a
38. 0 0 3000 x MKEH 75 600 1 500 992 500 0 010 1 0740 0 0001 INM 82 902 0 008 1000 000 11 500 0 9910 0 0430 PTBS X X 1000 500 0 600 0 9500 0 1000 METAS 82 890 0 130 999 994 0 001 1 0000 0 0500 UME 82 910 0 010 1000 000 0 050 1 0000 0 0500 NML 83 030 0 200 1000 000 0 200 1 0000 0 0300 PTB6 82 930 0 250 1000 500 0 600 0 9500 0 1000 NMISA 82 785 0 005 999 865 0 004 1 0028 0 0008 IAI SL 82 890 0 050 1000 000 0 020 1 0000 0 1000 PTB7 X X 1000 500 0 600 0 9500 0 1000 SIQ 82 982 0 042 1000 008 0 000 0 9976 0 0003 PTB8 X X 1000 500 0 600 0 9500 0 1000 Page 80 of 119 Table E 2 Additional measurement data for travelling standard sn 18197 Laboratory Series Resistance Frequency Frequency Current Current resistance Unc Uncertainty Uncertainty Rs U Rs f 1 Ud Hz Hz mA mA PTB1 X x 1000 500 0 600 0 9500 0 1000 NPL 83 889 0 010 1000 000 0 000 1 0000 0 0010 PTB2 X x 1000 500 0 600 0 9500 0 1000 UMTS 83 904 0 015 999 975 0 000 0 3200 0 0100 PTB3 X X 1000 500 0 600 0 9500 0 1000 IPQ 83 955 0 042 1000 000 0 005 1 0000 x SMD 84 010 0 060 1000 000 0 100 0 9960 0 0050 DANIAmet NMI 84 019 0 090 999 994 0 001 0 9640 0 0010 VSL 83 901 0 050 1000 000 0 002 1 0000 0 0500 PTB4 X X 1000 500 0 600 0 9500 0 1000 GUM 83 960 0 025 1000 000 0 020 0 3000 x MKEH 76 800 1 500 992 500 0 010 1 0740 0 0001 INM 83 958 0 025 1000 000 11 500 0 9910 0 0430 PTBS X X 1000 500 0
39. 01 0 3 1 00631 10 1 04669 10 1 3 79 10 1191190 0 4 1 00384 10 1 04453 10 3 82 10 1191192 0 5 1 00364 10 1 04359 10 3 81 10 1191173 0 6 1 00526 10 1 04252 10 3 88 10 1191190 0 Arithmetic mean 1 00445 10 1 04432 10 3 812 10 1 191188 10 Q Standard 640107 F 7003107 F 14 9 10 H 3 89 Q uncertainty degrees of 5 5 5 5 freedom EURAMET EM S26 Page 54 of 119 Correlation coefficients r 0 5 Cia Ciao 0 67 0 11 0 60 C140 xo 0 60 r Ciao 3 0 53 r o h1 0 07 r Fio F5 0 5 1 Uncertainty budget Quantity value standard degrees of sensitivity uncertainty index uncertainty freedom coefficient contribution 1 000022970 10 F 200 107 F 50 100 10 2030 H 1 1 Ci 1 004448 10 F 642 1079 5 Cin 1 004448 10 F 640 10 F 5 100 109 64 10 H 3 4 96 Cino 1 044322 10 F 702 10 5 5 Cino 1 044322 10 F 700 10 5 5 100 10 70 107 H 7 2 Gn 1 001027418 10 F 673 107 6 Ca 100 0010 F 5 7710 F m 7100 41 10 7H 0 0 Cii 200 00 10 F 5 7710 F m 390 105 2 20 10 0 0 f 1000 00 Hz 0 577 Hz 160 10 91 107H 00 ko 100 0 10 5 s 57 710 52 m 3 9 10 230 10 7H 0 096 100 0 10 52 57 7 10 5 55 3 9 10 230 10 7H 0 096 B 3 8117 10
40. 04 0 20 35 8 3 0 NMI SA 110 670 0 020 24 10 0 60 0 0 0 0 IAI SL 110 674 0 005 23 00 1 00 40 0 10 0 PTB7 110 772 0 010 22 98 0 20 30 4 3 0 SIQ 100 761 0 002 23 50 1 00 49 1 10 0 PTB8 110 762 0 010 23 03 0 20 48 9 3 0 Page 82 of 119 Table E 4 Internal temperature and ambient conditions for travelling standard sn 18197 Laboratory Thermistor Thermistor Ambient Temperature Relative Relative resistance resistance temperature Unc humidity humidity Unc Unc U Ryrc T U T RH U RH Q Q ac 9482 50 1 24 23 19 0 20 44 5 3 0 NPL 9470 36 0 10 20 00 1 00 50 0 10 0 PTB2 9480 30 1 24 23 12 0 20 38 3 3 0 UMTS 9471 10 0 80 22 90 0 20 41 0 3 0 PTB3 9480 30 1 24 23 17 0 20 29 9 3 0 IPQ 9486 82 1 17 23 00 1 00 50 0 5 0 SMD 9476 00 11 00 23 35 0 25 36 8 1 1 DANIAmet NMI 9470 20 0 20 23 00 0 50 45 0 5 0 VSL 9488 70 1 90 23 00 0 50 49 0 10 0 PTB4 9485 60 1 24 23 03 0 20 38 1 3 0 GUM 9479 00 3 00 23 00 1 00 45 0 10 0 MKEH 9467 80 0 90 22 65 0 05 59 5 2 0 INM 9474 69 1 87 22 50 0 02 38 0 25 PTBS 9483 20 1 24 23 15 0 20 53 0 3 0 METAS 9472 80 0 40 23 00 0 50 43 0 10 0 UME 9467 00 2 00 23 00 0 50 45 0 10 0 NML 9480 60 2 00 23 54 0 20 44 0 4 0 PTB6 9481 50 1 24 23 13 0 20 35 8 3 0 Page 83 of 119 Annex F Corrective actions F 1 METAS An analysis of the preliminary results of the comparison clearly shows
41. 07 H Coverage Factor 2 value on 2 2006 0 1000572 rel unc 20 ppm k 2 value on 7 2007 0 1000572 rel unc 21 ppm k 2 0 5 1 3 rectangular distribution Value 0 H Halfwidth of Limits 31 107 H Computed TC of 3 1E 7 H K resolution on temperature measurements 2 0 001 K 50 14 rectangular distribution Value 0 Halfwidth of Limits 2 107 SL Type B rectangular distribution Value 0 H Halfwidth of Limits 3 1 10 TC 3 1 6 HK resolution of temperature measurement 0 001 K een ae Additional influences of the connections not outaveraged by Lo oo Substitution method Halfwidth of Limits 0 H La Type B normal distribution Lin Type B rectangular distribution Value 0 100058 H of Limits 7 5 10 H Expanded Uncertainty 2 1 10 H xL Coverage Factor 2 0 196 x Ap AN 2 Internal Certificate SMD of 27 07 2007 value for 1 kHz Date 08 03 2007 File PTB S1 20070801 Page 1 of 4 Date 08 03 2007 File PTB_S1_20070801 Page 2 of 4 EURAMET EM S26 Page 50 of 119 Calibration of a 100 mH standard inductance PTB sn 18197 at 1 kHz Calibration of a 100 mH standard inductance PTB sn 18197 at 1 kHz inductance value inductance value Res Type B triangular distribution Results Value 0 H chau Emm Dun The resolution of the bridge is 1E 5 Every measured value is the mean of 40 readings 36 L 0 1000430 H 22407H 05 t table 95 4596 Measured values ar
42. 2007 100 055 79 0 000 12 0 85x10 0 50x10 sn 18197 19 03 2007 100 041 64 0 000 20 1 84x10 1 44x10 EURAMET EM S26 Page 13 of 119 6 Measurement results 6 1 Results of the participating institutes The inductance values L and their expanded uncertainties U L reported by the participants are given in Table 5 and Table 6 Detailed uncertainty budgets from all participants are given in Annex D Each of the L values has been corrected for the drift of the standards The correction values L and the corrected inductance values Ls corr are also given in the tables below together with their corresponding uncertainties U OLs ari and U L cor L Eu OL drit 2 S corr U s J U L y 3 Note For the PTB results it is to be expected that there is a correlation between U L and U L aig For reasons of simplicity these correlation have been ignored which may result in a slightly overestimated value of U L corr The corrected values are also presented in the graph in Figure 14 The PTB result in this comparison is the average value of the individual results reported by PTB for each of the travelling standards The averaged PTB results are given on the last line of Table 5 and Table 6 The uncertainty of the averaged PTB result is calculated as a combined uncertainty of the individual results It has been assumed that the contributions determined by a type B evaluation 2 are fully cor
43. 46 EURAMET EM S26 Page 3 of 119 DIG SES oto tai t boe e n osea beetle pde bat bu gees iba ine 47 D 1 Uncertainty budget SMD Belgium detener nerunt 47 D 2 Uncertainty budget DANIAmet NMI Denmark eese 52 D 3 Uncertainty budget PTB Germany neri reor Dee oerte Yt au dee Y erue 53 D 4 Uncertainty budget MKEET EI ngaty 1 5 e neto ror ttn Re PX erre b 56 D 5 Uncertainty budget NML Ireland 22 tbi iere t em Pied eode 57 D 6 Uncertainty budget IAI SL Israel cec tr ose t ri ee ner petens 58 D 7 Uncertainty budget VSL The Netherlands eee eeseceeeseeeeeneeeeeteeeeteeeeaees 59 D 8 Uncertainty budget 62 D 9 Uncertainty budget IPQ Portugal tree ee erinnere Rua 64 D 10 Uncertainty budget INM enne nnne nnne 65 DAL Uncertainty budget SIO Slovenia i eed deett haere a Fees temer ran bee need 67 D 12 Uncertainty budget NMISA South Africa eene 69 D 13 Uncertainty budget METAS Switzerland eese 70 D 14 Uncertainty budget UME tret eres pev 74 D 15 Uncertainty budget UMTS Ukraine temone a be basata 77 D 16 Uncertainty budget NPL United Kingdom eee 79 Annex E Additional measurement data esee nennen nne 80 Amex F Corrective acton
44. 5 U 0 0080 mH Uncertainty budget table for the measurement of the INRIM sn 13975 inductor Quantity Estimate Standard Probability Method of Sensitivity Uncertainty Degrees of uncertainty distribution evaluation coefficient contribution freedom X Xi Ci ci Le 99 996 mH 0902000 normal B 1 91002000 inf mH mH 0 00054 0 000002 0 000002 mH mH rectangular B 1 mH inf Lari 0 00250 0 003200 0 003200 t mH mH rectangular B 1 mH inf ALer 0 00014 0 000040 0 000040 mH mH rectangular B 1 mH inf OL yr 0 00000 0 000000 f 0 000000 mH mH rectangular B 1 mH inf 1 00000 0 000005 triangular B 100 mH inf 0 000090 1 000645 0 000001 normal A 100 mH mH 29 100 0637 Lx mH Combined standard uncertainty Uc 0 0038 mH Effective degrees of freedom 6 42283 12 Expanded uncertainty 95 U 0 0076 mH Page 66 of 119 D 11 Uncertainty budget SIQ Slovenia Inductance Ls is derived from the following equation L dL L L T dL m dL Le s dL LCR Description of the quantities in the model equation Quantity Description Xi L Inductance of standard inductor dL Drift of standard inductor from its last calibration L Inductance reading from LCR meter of unknown inductor P Inductance reading from LCR meter of standard inductor dL i Correction factor due to LCR indicator resolution dL ich Co
45. A Lameko I Karpov M Klonz A Koffman J Kinard A Tarlowski presented during conference CPM 2006 Torino EURAMET EM S26 Page 38 of 119 C 9 IPQ Portugal The travelling standards were compared with IPQ s reference standards for Inductance measurement by a substitution method using a commercial automatic impedance bridge Inductance Bridge NTC10k or PT100 Multimeter PTB or INRIM Standard Figure C 9 1 IPQ measurement setup The IPQ s primary standards for Inductance measurements consist on a set of four Standard Inductors GR 1482 type ImH 10 mH 100 mH and 1 H Two of them have recent traceability to PTB 10 mH serial number 9708 and 100 mH serial number 9712 After half an hour warm up each standard was measured almost daily taking 20 measurements at 1 KHz The measurements were done in an automated way The measurements were always performed in a temperature and humidity controlled room 23 1 C 45 10 RH This room is not specially shielded against RF interference EURAMET EM S26 Page 39 of 119 C 10 INM Romania The measurement method used within INM is the substitution comparison Thus each of the travelling standards was compared against a INM type self built 100 mH standard inductor under identic measurement conditions For the measurement of the pairs L Rs of quantities for each inductor in two terminal connection a type HP 4284A digital R
46. BI Germany 21 09 2006 100 05621 0 00028 0 00025 0 00039 100 05596 0 00048 NPL United Kingdom 16 10 2006 100 05540 0 00420 0 00023 0 00039 100 05517 0 00422 PTB2 Germany 06 11 2006 100 05539 0 00036 0 00021 0 00039 100 05518 0 00053 UMTS Ukraine 26 11 2006 100 05170 0 00200 0 00019 0 00039 100 05151 0 00204 PTB3 Germany 08 01 2007 100 05614 0 00037 0 00016 0 00039 100 05598 0 00054 IPQ Portugal 24 01 2007 100 05180 0 00420 0 00014 0 00039 100 05166 0 00422 SMD Belgium 10 02 2007 100 05700 0 00236 0 00013 0 00039 100 05687 0 00239 DANIAmet NMI Denmark 28 02 2007 100 07130 0 00490 0 00011 0 00039 100 07119 0 00492 VSL Netherlands 14 03 2007 100 05640 0 00260 0 00010 0 00039 100 05630 0 00263 PTB4 Germany 26 04 2007 100 05617 0 00034 0 00006 0 00039 100 05611 0 00052 GUM Poland 13 05 2007 100 05550 0 00360 0 00005 0 00039 100 05545 0 00362 MKEH Hungary 06 06 2007 100 17900 0 02070 0 00003 0 00039 100 17897 0 02070 INM Romania 05 07 2007 100 06400 0 00800 0 00000 0 00039 100 06400 0 00801 PTB5 Germany 27 07 2007 100 05596 0 00029 0 00001 0 00039 100 05597 0 00049 METAS Switzerland 14 08 2007 100 06399 0 00154 0 00003 0 00039 100 06402 0 00159 UME Turkey 07 09 2007 100 05680 0 00160 0 00005 0 00039 100 05685 0 00165 NML Ireland 02 10 2007 100 06350 0 02300 0 00007 0 00039 100 06357 0 02300 PTB6 Germany 24 10 2007 100 05546 0 00030 0 00009 0 00039 100 05555 0 00050 NMI SA South Afri
47. EDierikx nmi nl Acronym of institute Country Average date of measurements Remarks Model equation that follows from the measurement setup E55 Description of the quantities in the model equation Quantity Description Xi Uncertainty budget table Quantity Estimate Standard Probability Method of Sensitivity Uncertainty Degrees of uncertainty distribution evaluation coefficient contribution freedom Xi Xi u x A B Ci ci Combined standard uncertainty Uc Effective degrees of freedom Vett Expanded uncertainty p 95 U Annex 4 Summary of results Supplementary comparison EUROMET EM S26 Inductance measurements of 100 mH at 1 kHz In addition to your measurement report please send this information by e mail to NMi VSL EDierikx nmi nl Acronym of institute Country Average date of measurements Remarks Measurement result Inductance value L Inductance value L Connection INRIM sn 13975 PTB sn 18197 mH mH 2 terminal Uncertainty Expanded Uncertainty U L Expanded Uncertainty U L Connection INRIM sn 13975 PTB sn 18197 2 terminal Additional parameters INRIM sn 13975 PTB sn 18197 Value Exp Unc Value Exp Unc
48. H 3003 Bern Wabern 3 November 2009 For the Measurements Section Electricity Fr d ric Overney Dr Beat Jeckelmann Head of Section Using the value given above and applying corrections for the drift of the standard we find Ls 100 054 77 mH and U Ls corr 0 002 70 mH This corrected result is shown in Figure F 2 indicated by METAS 2 Recomputing the degrees of equivalence with the reference values with the corrected results for sn 13975 we find Dmetas2 0 00016 mH U DmerTas 2 0 00227 mH En 0 1 The degree of equivalence with respect to the reference value of EUROMET EM S20 is Dgy20 METAS2 0 000 30 mH U Demz meTas2 0 002 37 mH This corrected degree of equivalence is shown in Figure F 3 Page 85 of 119 F 2 UMTS Ukrmetrteststandard Ukraine Oleh Velychko Comments December 2010 As we found out our results differ from the mean value of the traveling standards by about 40 ppm while our expanded uncertainty was estimated at the level of 20 ppm To find out the reason we checked our measurement layout Ukrmetrteststandard UMTS carried out the measurements in November 2006 At that time Ukraine s National standard of Inductance was in the development stage it was fully completed at 2009 and measurements were carried out on a prototype of this National standard We further analyzed the UMTS uncertainty and want to expand the uncertainty of the bridge in C L transfer mode while measuring 100 mH agai
49. LC meter has been used In order to benefit from the 10 stability and 10 resolution of this instrument a calibration of it against a home made 10 mH standard inductor which on its turn was calibrated by INRIM in 2006 has been performed directly before and between the different series of 100 mH comparisons EURAMET EM S26 Page 40 of 119 C 11 SIQ Slovenia Measurement method The measurements were made by direct substitution method by comparison of inductors with nominally same value First the laboratory standard inductor was measured reading Lre then the unknown inductor reading Lrx We take 5 readings of standard inductor and unknown inductor to evaluate type A uncertainty Measurement setup In this comparison method we used LCR meter HP 4284A Connection between inductor and LCR meter was made by HP 16085B terminal adapter with APC7 to Nf and BNC coaxial cable to BNCf dual banana plug adapter to provided 4 2 adapter on inductor side Before the measurements SHORT comenstaion was done on the LCR meter with measurement terminals connected together using a shorting link After compensation measurement parameter frequency current on LCR meter was set according to Technical protocol 7 LCR meter unknown inductor Lc Lp Hp Hc HP 16085B terminal adapter 0 E Mamm standard inductor Figure C 11 1 Connection of inductors to LCR meter
50. M S20 0 010 EURAMET EM S26 0 008 4 0 006 4 0 004 4 0 002 4 1i 0 000 4 0 002 4 0 004 4 0 006 4 0 008 4 0 010 4 0 012 4 0 014 4 0 016 T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T GT LESS OS amp HSE S FSS sy Figure B 1 Degrees of equivalence of all participants in EUROMET EM S20 red markers and in EURAMET EM S26 green markers with respect to RVgm20 with the expanded uncertainty 95 coverage factor EURAMET EM S26 Page 30 of 119 Annex C Methods of measurement C 1 SMD Belgium The method used to obtain the measurement results of the inductance value is by comparison of the travelling standard with a traceable and calibrated reference standard A commercial LCR bridge is used to obtain the inductance values The device under test X1 or X2 and the reference standard S1 or S2 are connected to the LCR bridge following a scheme SXXS The inductance is connected by a two terminal method as shown in Figure C 1 1 Lar Leor Hrot Hecur DUT Figure C 1 1 Two terminal method The wires come with the LCR bridge and connect directly to the front panel Figure C 1 3 The front panel of an Agilent E4980 LCR bridge The LCR bridge was connected to a controller using a GPIB interface In house developed software is used to execute the measurements EURAMET EM S26 Page 31 of 119 CZ DANIAmet NMI Denmark The measurement of inductance is realized by
51. Maxwell Wien measurements in order to determine the value of 100 mH inductance standards 100 mH inductance standard is connected to the bridge in the first measurement Then a known small inductor is measured by using the bridge in order to eliminate the residual effect of the bridge inductance Lpriage These two measurements can be expressed with the equations below Lx Ha F4 Cs C5 T L Bridge 1 Lk C 2 C C3 C3 3 By subtracting equations 1 and 2 and using the equation 3 the equation 4 was obtained The value of the small inductor standard was measured by using a GR1693 RLC Digibridge and this value was used in the equation 4 Lx Ry C C Lk 4 EURAMET EM S26 Page 44 of 119 C 15 UMTS Ukraine INRIM and PTB inductance standards were measured by precision bridge in C L transfer mode A special quasi reverberatory transfer method was used that has been developed in Ukraine Transfer capacitor with value 200 nF was used This capacitor was calibrated immediately before inductance standards measurements by Ukrainian National standard of electrical capacitance and tangent of losses DETU 08 06 01 EURAMET EM S26 Page 45 of 119 C 16 NPL United Kingdom Measurement chain and traceability At NPL the unit of inductance the henry is derived from the unit of capacitance the farad D which is traceable to the quantum Hall resistance standard and the consensus value of the
52. VSL INM PTB INRIM Netherlands Romania Germany Italy Final Report of EURAMET EM S26 Supplementary Comparison Inductance measurements of 100 mH at 1 kHz EURAMET project 816 E Dierikx VSL A Nestor INM J Melcher PTB A Kolling L Callegaro INRIM Date December 13 2011 VSL Dutch Metrology Institute P O Box 654 NL 2600 AR Delft The Netherlands EURAMET EM S26 Page 1 of 119 Revision history Draft A to Draft A2 A K lling PTB has been included as author Section 6 Table 6 Average date of PTB is 19 03 2007 Section 6 4 The link to EUROMET EM S20 has been included Section 7 p 22 Discussion of the results Comments from UMTS and DANIAmet DPLE are included Section 9 p 23 Conclusions have been included Section 10 p 23 Acknowledgements have been included Annex A p 28 Dates corrected in the schedule Table A 1 Annex B p 29 Table B 1 U Dem_ 20 corrected As a result of this U d 2 0 000 69 mH and Table B 2 and Figure B 1 are also corrected for this change Annex F2 and F3 have been included F4 is included to show the estimated effects of corrective actions on the comparison results Several editorial changes Draft A2 to Draft B INETI is replaced with IPQ DANIAmet DPLE is replaced with DANIAmet NMI Annex B p 29 Equation B 3 U Dgwoo under the root sign is replaced with U Dgwos Draft B to Final No changes EURAMET EM S26 Page 2 of 119 Table of contents 2 1 2
53. able Graphic Export Setup Print Logger 750734 Humidity Temperature Type From 24 8 2006 07 31 09 To 24 8 2006 09 07 09 Period 00 01 00 Max 54 7 Min 52 2 Max 24 2 C Min 23 3 C 15 0 24 8 2006 24 8 2006 24 8 2006 24 8 2006 24 8 2006 24 8 2006 07 20 00 07 40 00 08 00 00 08 20 00 08 40 00 09 00 00 A graphical display is only possible if the box is activated with beside the colour square default Clicking in this box with the mouse cursor you are able to de activate this representation This may be useful to show different measurements within the same diagram Further information about the measurement such as Logger ID type begin and end of the measure ments sampling period maximum and minimum values are shown by the graphics left Tabular Representation of the Measured Values The individual measured values can also be indicated in tabular form by pressing the button Table in the upper menu bar The current measured values will be displayed The tabular representation of the measured values takes place if the small box next to the coloured square is activated by mouse click default deactivated These last two activities are necessary in order to represent and to compare different measurements in tables next to each other 3 7 Exit Program To quit the data logger software click the Exit button in the main menu bar Conclusion For more detail
54. al IL White high voltage terminal VH Black low voltage terminal VL 3 2 Quantities to be measured and conditions of measurement The impedance of the travelling standard between the high and low connector can be modelled as a series connection of an ideal inductor Ls and an ideal resistor The complex impedance Z is given by Z j L with 2nf and f is the frequency The measurand in this comparison is the self inductance Ls expressed in the unit of henry The value of Ls should be determined with a sinusoidal excitation current with an effective value of 1 mA and a frequency f of 1 kHz The mandatory measurement in this comparison is to determine the value of L by means of a two terminal connection of the travelling standard the standard is connected between the high and low terminal and the case of the standard is connected to the low terminal Besides the self inductance the participants have also been requested to measure and report the series resistance Q of the travelling standard and several parameters that may affect the inductance value Frequency f Hz Current rms mA Internal temperature of the standards indicated by resistive sensors 1 Or Rntc Ambient temperature C Relative humidity 96 EURAMET EM S26 Page 10 of 119 4 Methods of measurement Table 2 shows for each laboratory which type of measurement set up is used to perform the m
55. and Figure 3 The connectors are indicated with IH and IL for the current high and current low respectively and VH and VL for the potential high and potential low respectively Page 93 of 119 OE O VH VL Figure 18 4TP BPO connectors on the travelling m standard Figure 19 Schematic diagram of the internal 4TP connection of the travelling standard There are two banana sockets on the standard indicated with 12V red and OV black Figure 4 This is the 12 V power supply input for the thermostated enclosure The internal temperature of the enclosure is measured by PT100 resistance thermometer that can be accessed through the LEMO connector indicated with PT100 Figure 5 12V OV PT100 Figure 20 Banana socket for 12 V DC input of Figure 21 LEMO socket for measurement of the thermostated enclosure internal temperature Rprioo 2 2 Accessories with the INRIM inductance standard In the transport case with the INRIM inductance standard several accessories are provided All 2 terminal 2T measurements must be performed using the provided 4 2 adapter Figure 6 and Figure 7 This adapter should be placed directly on the IH and IL BPO connectors of the standard During the 2T measurement the shorting bar shown in Figure 6 must always be connected between the low L and ground G banana terminals of the adapter L G J LS Figure 23 Schematic diag
56. andard can be carried out before this period but cannot be considered reliable for the comparison DO NOT consider the reaching of a plateau for Rprioo the signal of a temperature stabilization of the standard If the thermostat power supply is disconnected for any reason the user must wait again 24 hours before measurement 4 1 2 PTB inductance standard The PTB inductance standard must be supplied all the time During the stay in the laboratory the UPS with the accessory cable see capture 2 3 must be used for supply Please notice the inscription on the LEMO connectors of the accessory cable The right direction is important for protection against noise Before and after each measurement the UPS has to connect to the line and turn on indicated through the green LED These guarantees always loaded batteries inside the UPS Only for the measurement the UPS mains cable must disconnect from line Then the standard will be supplied automatically by the UPS batteries For accurate function of the thermostat controller operating temperature 26 C the ambient temperature must be below 24 C 4 2 Measurement performance As mentioned above the thermostatic enclosure of the standards must be energized during the measurements 4 20 1 INRIM inductance standard For the two terminal measurements the 4 2 adapter that is provided with the standard must be used This adapter must be connected on the IL and IH BPO connectors of the standard and should
57. arison of a 100 mH inductance standard Euromet Project 607 Metrologia 44 Tech Suppl 01002 2007 2 OIML Evaluation of measurement data Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement GUM OIML G 1 100 Edition 2008 E JCGM 100 2008 EURAMET EM S26 Page 23 of 119 Annex A Participant Acronym Contact person Address Tel Fax E mail Participant Acronym Contact person Address Tel Fax E mail Participant Acronym Contact person Address Tel Fax E mail Participant Acronym Contact person List of participants and schedule Federal Public Service Economy Metrology Division Calibration Service SMD Achim van Theemsche Jacques Nicolas and Hugo Verbeeck Boulevard du Roi Albert II 16 BE 1000 Brussels Belgium 32 2 277 63 23 32 2 277 60 84 32 2 277 54 05 Achim Vantheemsche economie fgov be Jacques Nicolas economie fgov be Hugo Verbeeck economie fgov be Trescal Arepa Test amp Kalibrering A S at the time of the measurements DANIAmet NMI DANIAmet DPLE at the time of the measurements Torsten Lippert Mads Clausens Vej 12 8600 Silkeborg Denmark 45 87 20 69 69 45 86 81 26 54 torsten lippert trescal com Physikalisch Technische Bundesanstalt PTB J rgen Melcher and Axel K lling Department 2 1 Direct Current and Low Frequency Bundesallee 100 38116 Braunschweig Germany 40 531 592 2100 40 531 592 2105 Juer
58. armonic distortion and noise should be less than 0 01 The effective value of the excitation signal should be 1 mA The frequency should be 1 00 0 01 KHz Note the inductance standard exhibits a significant frequency dependence so the measurement frequency should be reported with sufficient accuracy in order to make appropriate corrections The ambient temperature should be 23 0 1 0 C The relative humidity should be 45 10 Page 101 of 119 5 Uncertainty of measurement The uncertainty in the measurements should be determined in accordance with the Guide to the expression of Uncertainty in Measurement GUM ISO 1995 A model equation has to be given that describes how the inductance value was calculated from all quantities that are involved in the measurement For each of these quantities a description and or the source of uncertainty should be given as well as a typical value and its estimated uncertainty For each of the quantities the contribution to the combined standard uncertainty is determined by if necessary converting the uncertainty to a standard uncertainty and applying the appropriate sensitivity coefficients The combined standard uncertainty in the measurement is given by the root sum square of the individual contributions All quantities estimated values uncertainty values sensitivity coefficients degrees of freedom should be reported in an uncertainty budget table as shown in annex 3 Estimate
59. at can be accessed through the four terminal LEMO connector Figure 12 Page 95 of 119 h Figure 11 2 terminal igure 12 4 terminal LEMO Figure 10 Terminals of the PTB standard Jack top binding posts on 34 in spacing with removable LEMO socket for the 24 V socket for measurement of ground strap DC power supply of the the internal temperature thermostat Ryrc of the thermostat The electronic heating controller works automatically It has a protection against wrong operation 2 4 Accessories with the PTB inductance standard The transport case of the PTB standard contains several accessories e Two 12V lead acid batteries non spillable for the transport without external power supply e Cable set with fuse 2 A and temperature switch placed on the standard to connect the transport batteries with the standard e 24 V DC uninterruptible power system UPS for measurement e cable set for the UPS and a line adapter for different socket outlets with earthing contact Page 96 of 119 e DC DC converter 12 V 24 V to supply the standard in a car e cable set for the DC DC converter e data logger to control the ambient temperature and humidity on transport e infrared adapter to connect the data logger to the computer e CD with software to read out the data loggers e 4 wire shielded cable with LEMO connector to measure the resistance of the internal thermometer NTC resistor Red high current terminal IH Blue
60. ca 01 02 2008 100 05800 0 00900 0 00017 0 00039 100 05817 0 00901 IAI SL Israel 11 05 2008 100 05700 0 02000 0 00026 0 00039 100 05726 0 02000 PTB7 Germany 17 04 2008 100 05563 0 00029 0 00024 0 00039 100 05587 0 00049 SIQ Slovenia 11 07 2008 100 06100 0 06000 0 00031 0 00039 100 06131 0 06000 PTB8 Germany 08 08 2008 100 05535 0 00029 0 00034 0 00039 100 05569 0 00049 PTB Germany 10 07 2007 100 05579 100 05579 0 00049 EURAMET EM S26 Page 16 of 119 Table 6 Measurement results with drift corrections on travelling standard sn 18197 The reported uncertainties are expanded uncertainties k 2 Laboratory Country average date JE U L L U L ain ess U E cor mH mH mH mH mH mH PTBI Germany 21 09 2006 100 04264 0 00029 0 00033 0 00063 100 04231 0 00069 NPL United Kingdom 16 10 2006 100 04100 0 00420 0 00028 0 00063 100 04072 0 00425 PTB2 Germany 06 11 2006 100 04115 0 00037 0 00025 0 00063 100 04090 0 00073 UMTS Ukraine 26 11 2006 100 03710 0 00200 0 00021 0 00063 100 03689 0 00210 PTB3 Germany 08 01 2007 100 04173 0 00037 0 00013 0 00063 100 04160 0 00073 IPQ Portugal 24 01 2007 100 03730 0 00420 0 00010 0 00063 100 03720 0 00425 SMD Belgium 10 02 2007 100 04290 0 00244 0 00007 0 00063 100 04283 0 00252 DANIAmet NMI Denmark 28 02 2007 100 05720 0 00490 0 00004 0 00063
61. certainty budget table for INRIM inductance standard sn 13975 Quantity Estimate Standard Probability Method of Sensitivity Uncertainty Degrees of X Xi uncertainty distribution evaluation coefficient contribution freedom u x A B Ci ci 1 199 99420 nF 1 00x10 nF rectangular B 500273 H F 0 050 uH o0 1 60 10 nF normal 500273 0 800 uH oo 1 40 10 nF normal B 500273 H F 0 070 uH 4 00 105 nF normal A 500273 H F 0 020 uH 9 Ka 0 78991482 normal B 0 12666 H 2 300 uH oo f 999 97520 Hz 1 00x10 Hz normal A 0 00020 H Hz 0 020 uH 9 Ls 100 051744 mH 1 40 10 mH rectangular A 1 0 140 uH 12 L 100 051744 mH 1 30x10 mH _ normal A 1 0 130 uH 8 repea Combined standard uncertainty Uc 2 44 uH Effective degrees of freedom Voff gt 500 000 Expanded uncertainty p 95 U 4 90 uH Uncertainties that relates to calibration uncertainty of 200 nF transfer capacitor are highlighted in gray Page 87 of 119 Ukrmetrteststandard continued Uncertainty budget components for PTB inductance standard sn 18197 Source of uncertainty Relative standard Type uncertainty Uncertainty of 100 pF capacitors bank AH11A 3 units 0 5x10 B Calibration uncertainty of 200 nF transfer capacitor against 100 pF capacitors 8 0x10 B bank Uncertainty of 200 nF transfer capacitor due to temperature variations while 0 7x10 B conducting C L transfer proce
62. conducting C L transfer procedure Standard deviation of 200 nF transfer capacitor calibration 0 2x10 A Uncertainty of bridge in C L transfer mode while measuring 100 mH against 6 0x10 B 200 nF transfer capacitor Frequency measurements uncertainty 0 1x10 A Uncertainty due to PTB inductance standard thermostat on off cycle 1 0x10 A Repeatability for PTB inductance standard measurements 1 6x10 A Uncertainties that relates to calibration uncertainty of 200 nF transfer capacitor are highlighted in gray Uncertainty budget table for PTB inductance standard sn 18197 Quantity Estimate Standard Probability Method of Sensitivity Uncertainty Degrees of X Xi uncertainty distribution evaluation coefficient contribution freedom u x A B Ci ci 199 99420 nF 1 00 10 rectangular B 500273 H F 0 050 uH o0 4 1 60x10 normal B 500273 H F 0 800 uH oo 1 40x10 nF normal B 500273 H F 0 070 uH 4 00x10 nF normal A 500273 H F 0 020 uH 9 Ka 0 78979903 4 74x10 normal B 0 12666 H 0 600 uH 999 97520 Hz 1 00x10 Hz normal A 0 00020 H Hz 0 020 uH 9 Po 100 037078 mH 1 00 10 mH rectangular A 1 0 100 uH 12 L 100 037078 mH 1 60x107 mH normal A 1 0 160 uH 8 repea Combined standard uncertainty Uc 1 02 uH Effective degrees of freedom Vere 11988 Expanded uncertainty p 95 U 2 00 uH Uncertainties that r
63. connecting a variable capacitor in parallel with the inductor thus establishing a resonance circuit as shown in fig C 2 1 Rc and Rp denote the parallel resistance of the variable capacitor with value C at resonance and the parallel inductance Lp respectively The LCR meter a Quad Tech 7400 is used to detect the resonance and the counter a HP 53132 A disciplined by the 10 MHz output of a DCF 77 receiver is used to measure the frequency of the test signal of the LCR meter The test signal of the LCR meter was set to 1 mA 1 kHz as requested in the technical protocol for this intercomparison Figure C 2 1 Parallel resonance circuit Complete list of equipment Quad Tech 7400 LCR meter Hewlett Packard 53132 A Counter DCF 77 Receiver DK 3060 Instruments General Radio 1615 A Capacitance Bridge General Radio 1404 A Standard Capacitor Danbridge DK4 SV Decade Capacitance Box EURAMET EM S26 Page 32 of 119 C 3 PTB Germany Inductance measurements at PTB are carried out with a Maxwell Wien Bridge This bridge has the advantage that to a first order the bridge equation is independent of frequency But measurements at a frequency of 1 kHz require an investigation of higher order effects i e lumped impedances must be taken into account H all Figure C 3 1 PTB Maxwell Wien bridge The main arms of the bridge contain besides the DUT represented by the element Lx and Rx the fixed capacitor Ci the variable capacito
64. cts of correlation are neglected because they are expected to be very small The results from all participants in terms of RVem are shown in Table B 2 and Figure B 1 EURAMET EM S26 Page 29 of 119 Table B 2 Degrees of equivalence of all participants in EUROMET EM S20 and in EURAMET EM S26 with respect to RVgm2 with the expanded uncertainty 95 coverage factor Lab Dem Dem mH mH mH mH mH 0 00062 0 00077 0 00062 0 00077 0 00014 0 00069 0 00014 0 00069 SP 0 00033 0 00066 0 00033 0 00066 GUM 0 00679 0 00701 0 00679 0 00701 CMI 0 00067 0 00116 0 00067 0 00116 NCM 0 00023 0 01301 0 00023 0 01301 NPL 0 00077 0 00427 0 00091 0 00433 UMTS 0 00452 0 00215 0 00466 0 00226 IPQ 0 00429 0 00427 0 00443 0 00433 SMD 0 00114 0 00253 0 00100 0 00262 DANIAmet NMI 0 01546 0 00496 0 01532 0 00501 VSL 0 00038 0 00272 0 00024 0 00281 GUM 0 00049 0 00369 0 00063 0 00375 MKEH 0 13484 0 02072 0 13470 0 02073 INM 0 01038 0 00804 0 01024 0 00807 METAS 0 00446 0 00173 0 00432 0 00186 UME 0 00112 0 00179 0 00098 0 00192 NML 0 00785 0 02301 0 00771 0 02302 NMI SA 0 00239 0 00902 0 00225 0 00905 IAI SL 0 00147 0 02001 0 00133 0 02002 SIQ 0 00552 0 06000 0 00538 0 06001 Degree of Equivalence with RI ps 0 014 4 0 012 EUROMET E
65. d covariances and or estimated correlation coefficients associated with all input estimates that are correlated and the method used to obtain them have to be stated If there are no correlated input estimates an appropriate statement is necessary The effective degrees of freedom should be estimated and reported in order to determine the expanded uncertainty that corresponds to a level of confidence of approximately 95 The extend of the uncertainty budget should be such that it includes all contributions to and including the determination of the inductance value at the highest level of accuracy in your laboratory that is relevant for this measurement So for example if the travelling inductor of 100 mH was measured against a 10 mH reference in an inductance ratio bridge and the 10 mH was determined in your laboratory with a Maxwell Wien bridge then your uncertainty budget should contain both the measurement with the ratio bridge as well as the measurement with the Maxwell Wien bridge You may however decide to split the uncertainty budget into two separate tables Page 102 of 119 6 Measurement report Each participating laboratory should report its results within six weeks after the standard has been shipped to the next participant The measurement reports should be sent to Erik Dierikx NMi VSL The report should contain at least a description of the method of measurement a description of the measurement setup and the reference s
66. d for transport of the standards to the next participants The measurement schedule is given in Annex A 2 3 Unexpected incidents The travelling standards have been exposed to a severe shock during transport from NPL United Kingdom to PTB Germany As a result of this there is a significant step in the value of both inductors The behaviour of the standards will be shown in section 5 of this report One of the travelling standards sn 18197 from PTB was lost during transport from PTB Germany to NMI SA South Africa Unfortunately the standard has not been retraced During the course of the comparison some small delays have occurred in the original schedule At the end of the schedule SIQ Slovenia has been included as an additional participant The complete actual schedule is given in Annex A EURAMET EM S26 Page 6 of 119 3 Travelling standard and measurement instructions 3 1 Description of the standards 3 11 The INRIM inductance standard sn 13975 The travelling standard provided by INRIM Figure 1 is a modified GR1482 L 100 mH inductance standard The standard is enclosed in a temperature controlled wooden box Figure 1 The travelling standard provided by INRIM The standard is designed as a 4 terminal pair ATP impedance and is therefore equipped with 4 coaxial MUSA BPO connectors Figure 2 and Figure 3 The connectors are indicated with IH and IL for the current high and current low respectively and VH and
67. d inductor GENRAD DT72A Decade transformer ESI 1316 Oscillator GENRAD 1238 Detector GENRAD RB 504 Ratio box NORTH ATLANTIC 1590 Super thermometer HART SCIENTIFIC EURAMET EM S26 Page 36 of 119 C 7 VSL The Netherlands At NMi VSL traceability for inductance measurements is obtained from capacitance The link between capacitance and inductance is made by a resonance bridge A schematic diagram of the bridge is given in Figure C 7 1 Figure C 7 1 Schematic diagram of the resonance bridge The resonance bridge in Figure C 7 1 is based on a commercial GR1621 capacitance measurement bridge enclosed in dashed lines Inductor L is the standard under test This inductor is connected in parallel with a decade capacitor C At resonance of the LC circuit the impedance becomes purely real the imaginary part becomes zero Therefore the bridge has to be balanced with a resistive impedance Ry Resistor is a decade resistor The capacitance AC and conductance AG are internal adjustable standards of the GR1621 bridge that are used for fine adjustment of the bridge balance EURAMET EM S26 Page 37 of 119 C 8 GUM Poland Method of measurement The measurements were carried out by comparison of the 100 mH inductance standard with the capacitance standard in the RLC comparator model 2100 Description of the measurement setup This instrument was developed by Prof Michael S
68. decide how the reference value should be determined from the reported data The draft A report will be distributed to the participants within 6 months after the last measurement results have been reported The draft A report is confidential to the participants and the support group Comments on the draft A report should be sent to the pilot laboratory within 2 month after distribution of this report The comments will be taken into account in the draft B report The draft B report will be distributed within about 12 months after the measurements have been completed While NMi VSL prepares the draft B report the support group will be asked to check the calculations of the results The participants and support group will be allowed 2 months to report their comment on the draft B report The final report will then be completed within about 1 month after receiving the comments on the draft B report Page 104 of 119 Annex 1 Detailed list of participants No Name Institute Acronym Postal address p Country Telephone Telefax e mail Jacques S SMD Service de Boulevard du Boulevard du 1 Nicolas and Metrology la M trologie Roi Albert II Roi Albert II Belgium 32 2 277 63 23 432 2 271 54 05 Jacques Nicolas mineco fgov be Hugo Division Metrologische 16 BE 1000 16 BE 1000 32 2 277 60 84 Hugo Verbeeck mineco fgov be Verbeeck o Dienst Brussels Brussels Calibration Service Torsten Arepa Test amp Mads Clausens Mads Clausen
69. dure Standard deviation of 200 nF transfer capacitor calibration 0 2x10 A Uncertainty of bridge in C L transfer mode while measuring 100 mH against 23 0x10 B 200 nF transfer capacitor Frequency measurements uncertainty 0 1x10 A Uncertainty due to PTB inductance standard thermostat on off cycle 1 0x10 A Repeatability for PTB inductance standard measurements 1 6x10 A Uncertainties that relates to calibration uncertainty of 200 nF transfer capacitor are highlighted in gray Uncertainty budget table for PTB inductance standard sn 18197 Quantity Estimate Standard Probability Method of Sensitivity Uncertainty Degrees of X Xi uncertainty distribution evaluation coefficient contribution freedom u x A B Ci ci ux 199 99420 nF 1 00x10 nF rectangular B 500273 H F 0 050 uH o0 1 60 10 nF normal 500273 0 800 uH oo 1 40x10 nF normal B 500273 H F 0 070 uH 4 00x10 nF normal A 500273 H F 0 020 uH 9 Ka 0 78979903 normal B 0 12666 H 2 300 uH 999 97520 Hz 1 00x10 Hz 1 0 00020 H Hz 0 020 uH 9 Li 100 037078 mH 1 00x10 mH rectangular A 1 0 100 uH 12 L 100 037078 mH 1 60x107 mH normal A 1 0 160 uH 8 repea Combined standard uncertainty Uc 2 44 uH Effective degrees of freedom Voff gt 500 000 Expanded uncertainty p 95 U 4 90 uH Uncertainties that relates to calibra
70. e 14 11 2006 26 11 2006 yes yes PTB3 Germany 27 11 2006 07 01 2007 yes yes IPQ Portugal 19 01 2007 29 01 2007 yes yes SMD Belgium 02 02 2007 14 02 2007 yes yes DANIAmet NMI Denmark 26 02 2007 02 03 2007 yes yes VSL Netherlands 19 03 2007 01 04 2007 yes yes PTB4 Germany 16 04 2007 29 04 2007 yes yes GUM Poland 07 05 2007 20 05 2007 yes yes MKEH Hungary 28 05 2007 10 06 2007 yes yes INM Romania 01 07 2007 12 07 2007 yes yes PTB5 Germany 16 07 2007 29 07 2007 yes yes METAS Switzerland 08 08 2007 20 08 2007 yes yes UME Turkey 28 08 2007 17 09 2007 yes yes NML Ireland 26 09 2007 09 10 2007 yes yes PTB6 Germany 11 10 2007 26 10 2007 yes yes NMISA South Africa 28 01 2008 08 02 2008 yes no IAI SL Israel 11 05 2008 11 05 2008 yes no PTB7 Germany 27 03 2008 17 04 2008 yes no SIQ Slovenia 11 07 2008 11 07 2008 yes no PTB8 Germany 21 07 2008 08 08 2008 yes no EURAMET EM S26 Page 28 of 119 Annex B Link to EUROMET EM S20 The results of this comparison to be linked to the EUROMET EM S20 comparison 1 which was organized by INRIM and the measurements were performed in 2002 and 2003 The link is determined from the results of laboratories that have participated in both comparisons Two laboratories PTB and GUM have participated in both comparison but GUM did not use the same measurement set up in both comparisons Therefore it was decided to use only the PTB results to determine the lin
71. e software on your computer and connect the infrared adapter following the instructions included in the annex 7 If the margins were exceeded the pilot laboratory has to decide how to carry on In case of severe violations of the margins the standards may have to be sent to PTB This would require to modify the whole remaining schedule After inspection of the packages and reading the data loggers the pilot laboratory in this case Mrs Anca Nestor at INM and the participant that sent the packages to you should be informed about the arrival of the packages at your laboratory and about the status of the packages Use the form as given in Annex 5 After unpacking the standards it is important that the thermostated enclosure of the standards are energized for at least 24 hours before the measurements are started The enclosures can be energized by the power supplies that are provided with the standards The transport batteries of the PTB standard must be charged by a standard charger for lead acid batteries The batteries must be fully charged at maximum capacity before shipment After completing the measurements the standards should be carefully repacked in their transport cases Before shipment both the pilot laboratory in this case Mrs Anca Nestor at INM and the receiving laboratory should be informed by e mail or fax that the packages are about to be shipped The form given in Annex 6 must be sent to INM 3 6 Failure of a travelling standard
72. e used to compute the results Conn Type B rectangular distribution Value 0 H Halfwidth of Limits 1 5 107 Estimated value half of measurement uncertainty Uncertainty Budgets Lost Inductance value of DUT Quantity Value Standard Degrees Distributi Sensitivity Corr Uncertainty of on Coefficient Coeff Freedom Ea 35 9m nx 10 00 faa Aer 100057590 200 107 nomar_ ro 238 33 aig Lame e emt EIE UB fel ce Mall eee a a 0 rl Ba cade cl 2210 iy ranguar 15 foo 00 r Las 0309454 aro _ Date 08 03 2007 File PTB S1 20070801 Page 3 of 4 Date 08 03 2007 File PTB_S1_20070801 Page 4 of 4 EURAMET EM S26 Page 51 of 119 D 2 Uncertainty budget DANIAmet NMI Denmark Remarks The uncertainty budget table below contains the values for the PTB standard but the Model equation that follows from the measurement set up Description of the quantities in the model equation L E HAs HA AG COGN Ales NE only difference between the two travelling standards is the standard deviation of the mean which turned out slightly smaller for the INRIM standard
73. easurements and how the traceability for the quantity is realised A more detailed description of the measurement set ups of the participants is provided in Annex C Table 2 Methods of measurement and traceability Laboratory Source of Measurement set up traceability SMD PTB Substitution LCR meter DANIAmet NMI DANIAmet NMI LCR Resonance bridge C from NPL f from PTB DCF77 PTB PTB Maxwell Wien Bridge MKEH PTB Owens bridge to 10 mH NML NPL Substitution LCR meter IAI SL NPL Transformer ratio bridge 1 1 VSL VSL Transformer Resonance bridge C from BIPM GUM GUM Transformer Resonance bridge C from BIPM IPQ PTB Substitution LCR meter INM PTB Substitution LCR meter SIQ NPL Substitution LCR meter NMISA UME Turkey Substitution LCR meter METAS METAS Sampling Resistance UME UME Maxwell Wien Bridge UMTS UMTS Quasi reverberatory C L transfer method NPL NPL Transformer Resonance bridge C from QHR EURAMET EM S26 Page 11 of 119 5 Behaviour of the travelling standards PTB has performed repeated measurements on the travelling standards during the course of this comparison From these measurements the behaviour of the standards can be seen in Figure 13 100 057 100 045 100 056 1 400 044 100 055 100 043 E wu N N o 100 054 100 042 amp E a 5100 053 100 041 4 100 052 400 040 sn 13975
74. eference inductance Rx the resistance of the balancing arm after balancing the bridge when measuring Ly the resistance of balancing arm after balancing the bridge when measuring L OR uncertainty of the resistance measurements of the balancing arm of the bridge when measuring Ly OR uncertainty of the resistance measurements of the balancing arm of the bridge when measuring Ls r RR ratio of the resistance of the balancing arms when measuring L and Lg Standard Sensitivity Uncertainty Quantity Estimate bility of p up of X x uncertainty distn nat coefficient contribution u x Ci ci Uu x bution tion Vi L 10 00117 mH 0 0001 mH normal 0 001 mH 12 Lp 0 0 0005 mH rectangular 0 005 mH inf 0 0 0001 mH normal 10 0 001 mH 9 Lu 0 0 0002 mH rectangular B 0 002 mH 20 dLc 0 0 00006 mH rectangular 0 0006 mH 19 dLts 0 0 25 K normal 5 10 mH K 0 0001 mH inf TINRIM 10 0167 0 00008 normal 100mH 0 008 mH g TPTB 10 0176 0 00008 normal 100 mH 0 008 mH Combined standard uncertainty Uc 0 0098 mH Effective degrees of freedom Vere 17 Expanded uncertainty p 95 U 0 0207 mH EURAMET EM S26 Page 56 of 119 D 5 Uncertainty budget NML Ireland Model equation that follows from the measurement set up r Ls 1 6 a T T 6 6 6 0 6 5 Description of the quantities in the model equation
75. elates to calibration uncertainty of 200 nF transfer capacitor are highlighted in gray Page 78 of 119 D 16 Uncertainty budget NPL United Kingdom Model equation that follows from the measurement set up Rs d eg 2 Description of the quantities in the model equation Ps Quantity Description Xi C QHR measurement to establish value of Primary 10 pF capacitor NBS117 H Henry from Farad measurement of to establish NL250 inductor ly Measurement of NPL 400 mH standard inductor ES907 BR Inductance measurement bridge resolution MR _ Measurement repeatability of travelling standard inductor Uncertainty budget table Quantity Estimate Standard Probability Method of Sensitivity Uncertainty Degrees uncertainty distribution evaluation coefficient contribution of Xi Xj u x A B Cj U X freedom ppm ppm Vi 9 999 667 pF 0 034 Normal B 1 0 0 034 os H 251 976 5 mH 10 0 Normal B 1 0 10 0 3 L2 400 058 6 mH 18 0 Normal B 1 0 18 0 BR N A 4 0 Rectangular B 1 0 2 312 a MR N A 2 0 Normal A 1 0 2 0 8 Combined standard uncertainty Uc 21 ppm Effective degrees of freedom Vere 325 Expanded uncertainty 95 U 42 ppm Page 79 of 119 Annex E Additional measurement data In Table E 1 and Table E 2 the results are reported of the measured series resistance for both travelling s
76. emperature humidity will be recorded during transportation with a data logger The travelling standards and their accessories will be sent to you in two transport cases that are suitable for shipment as freight There are sensors for tilt and shocks on the surface of the cases to watch rough handling Unless the transport cases are damaged it will be requested to use the same cases for transport of the standards to the next participant The dimensions of the case for the INRIM inductance standard are 610 mm height 590 mm depth 790 mm width the approximate weight being 32 kg standard and accessories included The dimensions of the case for the PTB inductance standard are 610 mm height 590 mm depth 790 mm width the approximate weight being 66 kg standard and accessories included The transportation of the standards to the next participant may be arranged preferably hand carried by car or by a shipping agent courier or parcel delivery service of your choice provided the margins for acceleration ambient temperature and humidity are kept 3 5 Unpacking handling packing Upon arrival the transport cases and their contents must be checked for visible damage In case the cases or the standards are damaged this should be reported to the person who delivers the package If you notice any damage it is recommended to take pictures of it After unpacking the standard it is important to read out the data from the data loggers You have to install th
77. eries inductance L and a series resistances R The values of Lp and G can be transformed in values of L and The quality factor Q is defined as Q oR C where 27 where f is the resonance frequency L and R are now found from 5 1 w Dr R 1 0 where and ry are respectively the series inductance and series resistance of the connecting leads to the standard inductor 5 w Using the equations above the uncertainty contributions of each of the parameters can be found Note The measurements were performed at 997 Hz and 1003 Hz in order to avoid interference from the 50 Hz line power All results were corrected to the nominal frequency of 1000 Hz assuming that Ls is proportional with f EURAMET EM S26 Page 59 of 119 Description of the quantities in the model equation Quantity Description Xi Ls Series inductance of the standard under test DUT R Series resistance of the DUT lw Series inductance of the cable connecting the DUT to the bridge Tw Series resistance of the cable connecting the DUT to the bridge Q Quality factor of the DUT at the measurement frequency f Lp Equivalent parallel inductance of the DUT including the connecting cable at frequency f Rp Equivalent parallel resistance of the DUT including the connecting cable Rp 1 Gp Cp Equivalent negative parallel capacitance of the DUT incl the cable at frequency
78. escription of INRIM inductance standard Accessories with the INRIM inductance standard Description of the PTB inductance standard Accessories with the PTB inductance standard Quantities to be measured Method of computation of the reference value 3 Organisation 3 1 3 2 3 3 3 4 3 5 3 6 3 7 Co ordinators and members of the support group Participants Time schedule Transportation Unpacking handling packing Failure of a travelling standard Financial aspects insurance 4 Measurement instructions 4 1 4 2 4 3 Before the measurements 4 1 1 INRIM inductance standard 4 1 2 inductance standard Measurement performance 4 2 1 INRIM inductance standard 4 2 0 inductance standard Method of measurement 5 Uncertainty of measurement 6 Measurement report 7 Report of the comparison Annex 1 Annex 2 Annex 3 Annex 4 Annex 5 Annex 6 Annex 7 Detailed list of participants Schedule of the measurements Typical scheme for an uncertainty budget Summary of results Confirmation note of receipt Confirmation note of dispatch Data logger software instructions 93 93 93 94 95 96 97 97 98 98 98 98 98 99 99 99 100 100 100 100 100 100 101 101 102 103 104 105 109 111 112 113 114 115 Page 92 of 119 1 Introduction Within the EUROMET region a supplementary comparison is organized in the field of inductance measurements of 100 mH at 1 kHz This comparison wil
79. f C Value of the decade capacitor in the resonance bridge AC Capacitance setting on the GR1621 at bridge balance fine adjustment in addition to the decade capacitor Parasitic capacitance introduced by the connectors that used to connect the DUT to the cable Cx Parasitic capacitance of the decade resistor in the resonance bridge Rx Rx 1 Gx Parallel resistance of the decade resistor in the resonance bridge AG Conductance setting on the GR1621 at bridge balance fine adjustment in addition to the decade resistor Ge Parasitic conductance of the decade capacitor f Measurement frequency 27f where 0 is the radial frequency EURAMET EM S26 Page 60 of 119 Quantity Estimate Standard Probability Method of Sensitivity Uncertainty Degrees of uncertainty distribution evaluation coefficient contribution freedom Xi Xi u x A B Ci ci ux Vi 2 47 07 F 2 47 12 F normal B 3 90E 05 H F 9 66E 07 H 30 AC 9 06 11 F 2 89 14 rectangular B 3 90E 05 H F 1 13E 08 20 C 1 43 11 F 1 15 13 rectangular B 3 90E 05 H F 4 51 08 H 20 0 00 00 F 1 15 14 F rectangular B 3 90E 05 H F 4 51 09 H 20 4799 415 Gx 2 084E 04 S 1 20E 09 rectangular B 1 68E 01 H S 2 02E 08 H 20 AG 1 50E 09 S 2 89E 08 rectangular B 1 68E 01 H S 4 85E 07 H 20 6 44E 07 S 2 89E
80. gen Melcher ptb de Axel Koelling 9 ptb de Humgarian Trade Licensing Office Magyar Kereskedelmi Enged lyez si Hivatal formerly known as Orsz gos M r s gyi Hivatal MKEH formerly known as OMH Tibor N meth Miklos Telepy Gy rgy Address Orszagos M r siigyi Hivatal H 1535 Budapest Pf 919 Hungary Tel 36 1 458 5880 Fax 36 1 458 5949 E mail telepym mkeh hu nemetht mkeh hu EURAMET EM S26 Page 24 of 119 Participant National Metrology Laboratory Ireland Acronym NML Contact person Oliver Power Address Enterprise Ireland Campus Glasnevin Dublin 9 Ireland Tel 353 1 808 2252 Fax 353 1 808 2026 E mail oliver power G enterprise ireland com oliver power nsai ie Participant Israel Aerospace Industries Standards Laboratory Acronym IAI SL Contact person Chaikin Itzchak Sasson Shilo Yehuda Aloni Address Dept 4238 Israel Aircraft Industries Ben Gurion Airport 70100 Israel Tel 972 3 9353359 Fax 972 3 9354104 E mail ichaikin iai co il yaloni iai co il Participant VSL Dutch Metrology Institute Acronym VSL Contact person Erik Dierikx Address PO Box 654 NL 2600 AR DELFT The Netherlands Tel 31 0 15 269 1688 Fax 31 0 15 261 2971 E mail edierikx Q vsl nl Participant Central Office of Measures Electricity Department Inductance amp Capacitance Standards Laboratory Acronym GUM Contact person Robert Rzepakowski Address Gl wny Urzad Miar Zaklad Metrologii Elek
81. get UMTS Ukraine Model equation that follows from the measurement set up E S 1 CL Description of the quantities in the model equation 2 f y Quantity Description Xi OE Transfer capacitance 200 nF that is used for capacitance to inductance transfer n Ka Capacitance to inductance transfer coefficient of the bridge Frequency of sinusoidal signal applied to the inductance standard Note There are no correlated input estimates Uncertainty budget components for INRIM inductance standard sn 13975 Source of uncertainty Relative standard Type uncertainty Uncertainty of 100 pF capacitors bank AH11A 3 units 0 5x10 B Calibration uncertainty of 200 nF transfer capacitor against 100 pF capacitors 8 0x10 B bank Uncertainty of 200 nF transfer capacitor due to temperature variations while 0 7x10 B conducting C L transfer procedure Standard deviation of 200 nF transfer capacitor calibration 0 2x10 A Uncertainty of bridge in C L transfer mode while measuring 100 mH against 6 0x10 B 200 nF transfer capacitor Frequency measurements uncertainty 0 1x10 A Uncertainty due to INRIM inductance standard thermostat on off cycle 1 4x10 A Repeatability for INRIM inductance standard measurements 1 3x10 A Uncertainties that relates to calibration uncertainty of 200 nF transfer capacitor are highlighted in gray Uncertainty budget table fo
82. gger ID number Prefer Manual selection of a Required Data Logger Activating the field Search for Logger ID and selecting or editing the ID number 75073A of the CLIMA data logger in the field Logger ID The used data logger ID numbers are registered by the software automatically If the communication or data transfer is disturbed error messages will be displayed indicating the problem At any time it is possible to re establish the connection The contacted loggers are listed by the status found selected switched off ID number logger name and type memory capacity and the current level of memory extent of utilization If the pointer of mouse is led on the symbols the describing information is indicated C Search for 24 Logger aa ego aa Se x e Search for 750734 Logger ID Search Read Start Remove _ toogerm 1 Logger type 1 750734 Temp Feuchte CLIMA 64 kB 2 3 Preparing the Data Logger for Measuring Program To configure the data logger CLIMA for a new i Start of Temp Feuchte 75073A E measuring sequence press the button Start in the Info corres ponding row of the logger After Logger ID 750734 successfully connecting to the data logger a Logger Type CLIMA window opens It contains general data to the Range 2 to 99 20 C to 80 C Memory size 64 kB specific logger such as logger ID logger type CLIMA mea
83. gic INM B rzesti nr 11 B rzegti nr 11 440 21 334 5060 40 21334 53 45 042122 042122 ext 170 Bucuresti Bucuresti ROMANIA ROMANIA Private Bag CSIR Scientia X34 Campus Alexander National Lynnwood Building 5 Metrology Institute NMISA Ridge Room 222 27 12 841 11 Matlejoane of South Africa 0040 Meiring Naude South Africa 4343 27 12 841 2131 amatlejoane nmisa org SOUTH Ave AFRICA Brummeria Pretoria Fr d ric Swiss Federal Lindenweg 50 Lindenweg 50 12 Office of METAS CH 3003 Bern 3084 Switzerland 41 31 32 33 296 41 31 32 33 210 frederic overney metas ch Overney Metrology Wabern Wabern TUBA TUBITAK UME Anibal UME Anibal sense Merola UME Cad PRA Gad PK 54 mika 770 292 019 9000 05 696705 001 eaen G lmez Enstit ts 41470 Gebze ext 4150 41470 Gebze Kocaceli Kocaceli Turkey Division for National Metrology Physical National Laboratory Physical 14 Belliss National Physical NPL Hampton Road Labotatory United 44 0 208 943 44 0 208 943 janet belliss npl co uk Laboratory Teddington Kingdom 6294 6341 Hampton Road Middlesex Teddinet TW110LW UK Middlesex TW11 OLW UK Page 107 of 119 Delivery No Name Institute Acronym Postal address address Country Telephone Telefax e mail State Enterprise 4 ee Ukrmetrtest Uk
84. gnetism Conducted by EURAMET European Metrology Collaboration Other designation s EURAMET 816 European Metrology Collaboration Project Number 816 EURAMET EM S26 Page 5 of 119 2 Participants and organisation of the comparison 2 1 Participants In this comparison there are 16 participants The acronyms of the laboratories and their countries are given in Table 1 A list of the full participants details is given in Annex A Table 1 Participants in the comparison Laboratory Country Laboratory Country SMD Belgium IPQ Portugal DANIAmet NMI Denmark INM Romania PTB Germany SIQ Slovenia MKEH Hungary NMISA South Africa NML Ireland METAS Switzerland IAI SL Israel UME Turkey VSL Netherlands UMTS Ukraine GUM Poland NPL United Kingdom During the course of this comparison some participants changed their name and or acronym DANIAmet NMI used to be DANIAmet DPLE MKEH used to be OMH IPQ used to be INETI UMTS used to be UKRCSM 2 2 Organisation of the comparison During the course of the comparison PTB performed several sets of measurements to monitor the behaviour of the travelling standards All other participants only performed one set of measurements After receipt of the standards each laboratory allowed them to stabilize for 4 days to one week Then the laboratory had two weeks to perform the measurements At least 3 days to one week was allowe
85. ircraft Israel Aircraft 6 Itzchak ste IAI SL Industries Ben Industries Ben Israel 972 3 9353359 972 3 9354104 ichaikin iai co il f Laboratories Sasson Shilo Gurion Airport Gurion Airport 70100 70101 PO Box 654 Thijsseweg 11 Pea Van NE UN NE The 31 0 15 269 7 Erik Dierikx Swind NMi VSL DELFT The DELFT The Netherland 1688 31 0 15 261 2971 edierikx 9 nmi nl NETHERLAN NETHERLAN 1978168 Laboratorium DS DS Central Office of Gl wny Urzad Gl wny Urzad Measures Zaklad um Miar Zaklad Electricity 2 Metrologii Robert Department Metrologii Elektrycznej 8 Rzepakowsk P GUM Elektrycznej 00 d Poland 48 22 5819353 48 22 581 9499 electricity gum gov pl Inductance amp ul Elektoralna i 950 Capacitance 2 00 139 Warszawa Standards 10 Poland Warszawa P Laboratory 10 Poland INETI LME Instituto Nacional Estrada do Pa o Edificio D Rui de de Engenharia do Lumiar Estrada do Pa o 9 Mello es lordo i INETI 1649 038 do Lumiar Portugal 35 1 210 924 680 35 1 217 143 997 Rui Freitas ineti pt Freitas DA Bg LISBOA 1649 038 Sees Portugal LISBOA Portugal Page 106 of 119 Delivery No Name Institute Acronym Postal address address Country Telephone Telefax e mail Institutul Institutul National de National de Metrologie Sos Metrologie Sos 40 21 334 48 30 Institutul National Vitan Vitan ext 170 40 21 334 55 33 ae Metrolo
86. ive humidity the measurement current and frequency are provided in Annex E EURAMET EM S26 Page 14 of 119 6 2 Reference value To establish a link between this comparison and the 520 comparison it is easiest to determine a reference value from the results of laboratories that have participated in both comparisons In this case there are two laboratories that participated in both comparisons PTB Germany and GUM Poland However GUM in this comparison used another measurement set up than in the previous comparison which may result in systematic differences Therefore the reference value RV is determined only from the PTB results A RV is calculated for each of the travelling standards RV is taken to be equal to the averaged PTB result and the uncertainty in RV U RV is equal to the uncertainty in the averaged PTB result The RV s are given in Table 4 Table 4 Reference values Travelling RV U RV k 2 2 Standard mH mH sn 13975 100 055 79 0 000 49 sn 18197 100 041 64 0 000 69 EURAMET EM S26 Page 15 of 119 Table 5 Measurement results with drift corrections on travelling standard sn 13975 The reported uncertainties are expanded uncertainties k 2 Laboratory Country average date Ihr U L L ain U OL ain IL Us o mH mH mH mH mH mH PT
87. k A summary of the results of the EUROMET EM S520 comparison is given in Table B 1 Dgwoo is the degree of equivalence with respect to the reference value of EUROMET EM S20 RVgwo The corresponding uncertainty U Dgywoo is not given in the comparison report 1 but has been estimated from the uncertainties U Ls and the uncertainty in the reference value U RVgwoo taking into account the correlations from the computation of the reference value as the weighted mean of the results Table B 1 Summary of results of EUROMET EM S20 Lab Ls U Ls Demo U Dzwoo mH mH mH mH 100 05266 0 00070 0 00062 0 00077 100 05314 0 00063 0 00014 0 00069 100 05361 0 00060 0 00033 0 00066 100 06007 0 00700 0 00679 0 00701 100 05395 0 00110 0 00067 0 00116 100 05305 0 01300 0 00023 0 01301 100 05328 0 00042 The results of the EURAMET EM S26 comparison are to be expressed in relation to the RVgwoo For this purpose the degrees of equivalence of comparison EURAMET EM S26 now indicated by Dgm26 will be corrected by a correction d This correction d is determined from the results of the linking laboratory PTB in both comparisons d Dgwoo ers DEM26 PTB B 1 d 0 000 14 mH and U d 0 000 69 mH The corrected results for the participants in EURAMET EM S26 in terms of RVgmzo are then given by Dgwoo d B 2 with the uncertainty U Demos JU Dis F U B 3 In equation 11 effe
88. l be a follow up comparison of the EUROMET EM 520 comparison that was organized by Istituto Elettrotecnico Nazionale Galileo Ferraris IEN currently known as INRIM Italy between 2002 and 2003 The EUROMET EM S20 comparison originally started as a pilot comparison to study the stability of the travelling standard After the measurements had been completed it was decided to convert this pilot comparison into a supplementary comparison Since not all EUROMET members had a chance to participate in the S20 comparison there was a need for a follow up comparison INRIM kindly agreed that the same travelling standard could be used in the follow up comparison However the value of the standard has been slightly modified A second 100 mH travelling standard will be kindly provided by the Physikalisch Technische Bundesanstalt PTB Germany In this comparison we will compare measurements of self inductance at the lowest level of uncertainty The aim will be to achieve an agreement within 0 005 for two terminal measurements 2 Travelling standards 2 1 Description of the INRIM inductance standard The travelling standard provided by INRIM Figure 1 is a modified GR1482 L 100 mH inductance standard The standard is enclosed in a temperature controlled wooden box Figure 17 The travelling standard provided by INRIM The standard is designed as a 4 terminal pair 4TP impedance and is therefore equipped with 4 coaxial MUSA BPO connectors Figure 2
89. lt obtained in 4 and 5 using the formula measured effective inductance reading across low and high terminals of standard reading across shorted low and guard terminals of standard 7 Steps 4 to 6 were repeated in determining the measured effective inductance of the travelling standard EURAMET EM S26 Page 42 of 119 C 13 METAS Switzerland The standard under test Z Rs j Ls is calibrated by comparison to the reference standard Z R 1 j t using a sampling technique Two low distortion DACs are used as top source and bottom source The detector a 24 bits 200 kHz ADC is successively connected to the different detector positions through a multiplexer The balancing procedure is the following The amplitude ratio and the phase shift of the DACs signals are adjusted to null Vw Wagner balance Both components of the Kelvin network are adjusted to minimize the effect of the Kelvin switch Ks on the Wagner balance Vw Kelvin Balance top source multiplexer detector GINE network bottom source Figure C 13 1 METAS sampling bridge Under such condition the voltage ratio Vy V is directly related to the impedance ratio trough Z j o L V Z R 1 j r V t EURAMET EM S26 Page 43 of 119 C 14 UME Turkey 1kHz Figure C 14 1 Principal circuit diagram of the Maxwell Wien Bridge at UME Two measurements should be performed in
90. m AH bridge Bag correction due to AH bridge error OBana correction due to AH bridge resolution OCTCA correction due to temperature influence thermostated Cca 6 1 1 correction due to temperature influence C1413 Uncertainty budget table Cw Quantity Estimate Standard Probability Method of Sensitivity Uncertainty Degrees uncertainty distribution evaluation coefficient contribution of Xi Xi Ci ci u x freedom Vi 1413 25333 pF 0 003 pF normal A 1 0 003 pF 50 0 0 425 rectang B 1 0 425 pF oc OBana 0 0 003 pF normal B 1 0 003 pF OCTCA 0 0 043 pF rectang B 1 0 043 pF oc 6 1 1 0 0 0038 pF rectang B 1 0 0038 pF ec Cw 0 427 pF Combined standard uncertainty Uc 0 43 pF Effective degrees of freedom Vere gt 200 assumed k 2 Expanded uncertainty 95 U 0 86 pF Page 63 of 119 D 9 Uncertainty budget IPQ Portugal The measurements were carried out at IPQ s lowest uncertainty level IPQ s uncertainties in H H at 100 mH are shown in the table below IPQ does not have recognized CMC s for Inductance yet For the uncertainty budget the ISO Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement has been followed Uncertainty wH H Uncertainty Components Probability Uncertainty Sensitivity Quadratic Degrees distribution contribution coefficient components of Method of u
91. nd 12 R2 R are the total values of the series inductance and resistance in the two arms of the bridge The ratio of the impedances of the two bridge arms containing the inductors is equated on nulling the detector D to the ratio n 1 n of the inductive voltage divider IVD A where n is its dial reading The quadrature component of the IVD ratio is negligible One of the arms of the bridge also includes the decade switched variable resistance box R whose resistance and residual inductance at various combinations has previously been calibrated The effects of capacitive currents within the bridge network are eliminated by completely screening all the bridge components and setting the potential of the screen to that of the output of IVD A by adjusting the output of IVD B to which it is connected L4 R 2 R5 Figure C 16 1 NPL inductance comparison bridge EURAMET EM S26 Page 46 of 119 Annex D Uncertainty budgets D 1 Uncertainty budget SMD Belgium The tables are given on the following pages EURAMET EM S26 Page 47 of 119 Average inductance INRIM compared with two reference standards Average inductance INRIM compared with two reference standards Model Equation Lx1 1 2 Lx1s1 Lx1s2 List of Quantities Unt eiim SSCS Inductance value of DUT compared to 51 Inductance
92. ngs that have been used for calculation of the mean This uncertainty contribution is assumed to have normal probability distribution Page 67 of 119 Correction factor due to LCR indicator resolution aL bn The quantity corresponding to the least significant digit if the LCR display equals the finite resolution of the display The correction is estimated to be 0 H with associated uncertainty half the resolution half the magnitude of the least significant digit with rectangular distribution If the LCR has analogue display the resolution is estimated according to the ability to read the value from the display but it must not be less than one third of the value between two minor lines on the display S DUT resolution Correction factor due to LCR meter transfer accuracy dL This correction is assumed to be 0 H Uncertainty is obtained from reference LCR meter 2 TA LCR accuracy specification This uncertainty contribution is assumed to have rectangular probability distribution Transfer accuracy Ae includes basic accuracy impedance proportional factor cable length factor stability temperature coefficient linearity and repeatability Lse Ae u TAaac ESE AA 100 Uncertainty budget table Quantity Estimate Standard Probability Method of Sensitivity Uncertainty Degrees of uncertainty distribution evaluation coefficient contribution freedom Xi Xi ux
93. nneitest Metologichna Metrolosi hni d dd0445 2607335 3380445200335 velychko Velychko standard Str Kyiv 143 Str Kyiv 143 03143 03144 Page 108 of 119 Annex 2 Schedule of the measurements First loop 2006 No tastes Country Meas rements Time for stabilisation measurement and transport Start date End date Stabilisation Measurement Transport 0 PTB Germany char of standards 24 September 3 days United 1 NPL 2 October 2006 16 October 2006 4 days two weeks 3 days Kingdom 2 PTB Germany 23 October 2006 29 October 2006 up to 4 days two weeks 3 days 3 Ukrmetrteststandard Ukraine 6 November 2006 19 November 2006 llup to 4 days two weeks 3 days 4 PTB Germany 27 November 2006 20 December 2006 lup to 4 days Second loop 2007 No Tostinte Country amp Time for stabilisation measurement and transport Start date End date Stabilisation Measurement Transport 0 PTB Germany char of standards 07 January 2007 3 days 1 INETI Portugal 15 January 2006 28 January 2007 to 4 days two weeks 3 days 2 SMD Belgium 5 February 2007 18 February 2007 up to 4 days two weeks 3 days 3 DANIAmet DPLE Denmark 26 February 2007 11 March 2007 up to 4 days two weeks 3 days 4 NMi Netherlands 19 March 2007 1 April 2007 up to 4 days two weeks 3 days 3 PTB
94. nsitivity to the proximity to other equipment as well as the orientation of the inductor resulting in variations of approximately 100 ppm The measurements with our GR 1482 L showed a much better repeatability and we were able to reproduce its calibrated value within 20 ppm In the intercomparison exactly the same equipment cables etc was used for the Tinsley BG 8 2 and the travelling standards and all test measurements with the Tinsley BG 8 2 were carried out with the Tinsley BG 8 2 in the same position Although we have not been able to pinpoint the origin of our poor results we believe that a combination of the subsequently observed shift drift of our reference inductor Tinsley BG 8 2 and its large sensitivity to external fields is the major contributor to our deviation Certainly the experience gained suggests that the good agreement between our measurement and the calibrated value of the Tinsley bG 8 2 observed during the intercomparison 10 ppm mentioned above might have been accidental thus leading to a false sense of security Naturally this set up is not used for calibration work as further testing is required and we have also announced our interest to participate in another intercomparison 100 mH 1 kHz piloted by another NMI Page 89 of 119 F 4 Degrees of equivalence after corrective actions 100 080 Ls mH 100 075 17 sn 13975 sn 18197 100 070 RVsn 13975 100 065 a 100 060 100 055 100 050
95. nst 200 nF transfer capacitor to 2 3 uH old value 0 6 uH and our expanded uncertainty for both traveling standards enlarges to 4 9 uH The revised uncertainty table is given on the following pages The results with the corrected uncertainties are shown in Figure F 2 indicated by UMTS 2 Recomputing the degree of equivalence with the reference value we find Duwrs DE 0 004 52 mH U Duwrs 2 0 004 96 mH En S 0 9 The degree of equivalence with respect to the reference value of EUROMET EM S20 is DEM20 UMTS2 0 004 66 mH U DEM20 UMTS2 0 005 01 mH This corrected degree of equivalence is shown in Figure F 3 In October 2006 the traveling standards experienced a severe shock during the transport from NPL to PTB From the measurements PTB1 and PTB2 it is expected that in both standards the inductance value jumped by about 1 0 uH At the time of the UMTS measurements the standards had not yet completely recovered from this jump Therefore this behaviour of the standards affected the UMTS results in this comparison Considering the fact the effect of the jump in the value of the travelling standards is difficult to estimate and the fact that the UMTS measurement set up was still in the development stage at the time of the comparison UMTS has decided that it would be best to participate in a new bilateral comparison as soon as possible Page 86 of 119 Revised Uncertainty budget Ukrmetrteststandard Ukraine Model equation that foll
96. od dane 15 Degrees of EQUIVALENCE Pp di E E 19 Link to the EUROMET EM S20 comparisOn e eeeeee eene eene eene nennen nnne 19 Discussion of the results 22 amp 61 amp 23 a OU at M pedet E 23 References eS CASALE e RS AM M D pA LM E AE 23 List of participants and schedule eset o Ett ta odere te He 24 Link to EDROMET EM S20 4 29 Methods 31 SMD Belgium 31 DANIAmet NMI Denmark 32 PTBAGSEHUAHV out 33 MKRKEH H ngaty ed 34 35 TAT SEs israel TER 36 VSE The 37 GUM Poland j 38 IPQ Portugal re Prep irte de vette a ete eo ao UR eres 39 INMeCROMaAnI A Sette tees Si ER Rt ine TERRESTRE 40 SIQX SIOVenla t e SCR nme 41 Soth t E eod 42 METAS Switzerland iie n tr e ERE eine eke 43 UME o D eo re t o MO Rt ete 44 UMTS Ukrane er iE a a Ui Hc ipud ba Du Eds UN M RU TUA ud Nes 45 NPL U ted Kingdom eri i Se voa oer Viae ddp tes
97. one or more inductors These calibrated reference inductors are then used in a substitution measurement to calibrate the travelling standards It is interesting to see that there is a large variety in reported uncertainties from laboratories that use this technique EURAMET EM S26 Page 22 of 119 8 Conclusions A comparison was organized of measurements of self inductance at a nominal value of 100 mH at a frequency of 1 kHz This comparison is identified as EURAMET EM S26 and was carried out as EURAMET project no 816 The results from 10 out of 16 participants are in agreement with the reference values In this comparison the participants report four different methods to realize the traceability of the unit of inductance The results from these different methods are in good agreement within the reported uncertainties The results of this comparison have been linked to the results of the EUROMET EM S20 comparison Transport of travelling standards remains a critical issue in the organization comparisons In this comparison the inductance values showed a step most probably due to a severe shock during transport Later in the comparison one of the travelling standards was lost during transport and has not been found again 9 Acknowledgements The authors of this report would like to acknowledge the co operation and contributions from all participants in this comparison 10 References 1 L Callegaro EUROMET EM S20 Intercomp
98. or that can be accessed through the four terminal LEMO connector Figure 12 Figure 10 Terminals of the PTB standard Figure 11 2 terminal LEMO Figure 12 4 terminal Jack top binding posts on 34 in spacing with socket for the 24 V DC LEMO socket for removable ground strap power supply of the measurement of the internal thermostat temperature of the thermostat The electronic heating controller works automatically It has a protection against wrong operation EURAMET EM S26 Page 9 of 119 3 1 4 Accessories with the PTB inductance standard The transport case of the PTB standard contains several accessories e Two 12V lead acid batteries non disposable for the transport without external power supply e Cable set with fuse 2 A and temperature switch placed on the standard to connect the transport batteries with the standard e 24 V DC uninterruptible power system UPS for measurement cable set for the UPS and a line adapter for different socket outlets with grounding contact DC DC converter 12 V 24 V to supply the standard in a car cable set for the DC DC converter 1 data logger to control the ambient temperature and humidity on transport infrared adapter to connect the data logger to the computer CD with software to read out the data loggers 4 wire shielded cable with LEMO connector to measure the resistance of the internal thermometer NTC resistor Red high current terminal IH Blue low current termin
99. ows from the measurement set up 1 2 f y Cyr Description of the quantities in the model equation Quantity Description Xi Transfer capacitance 200 nF that is used for capacitance to inductance transfer Ks Capacitance to inductance transfer coefficient of the bridge f Frequency of sinusoidal signal applied to the inductance standard Note There are no correlated input estimates Uncertainty budget components for INRIM inductance standard sn 13975 Source of uncertainty Relative standard Type uncertainty Uncertainty of 100 pF capacitors bank AH11A 3 units 0 5x10 B Calibration uncertainty of 200 nF transfer capacitor against 100 pF capacitors 8 0x10 B bank Uncertainty of 200 nF transfer capacitor due to temperature variations while 0 7x10 B conducting C L transfer procedure Standard deviation of 200 nF transfer capacitor calibration 0 2x10 A Uncertainty of bridge in C L transfer mode while measuring 100 mH against 23 0x10 B 200 nF transfer capacitor Frequency measurements uncertainty 0 1x10 A Uncertainty due to INRIM inductance standard thermostat on off cycle 1 4x10 A Repeatability for INRIM inductance standard measurements 1 3x10 A Uncertainties that relates to calibration uncertainty of 200 nF transfer capacitor are highlighted in gray Un
100. r the two fixed resistors Rz and and the variable resistor The main bridge balance is achieved with components and Rj The bridge is adapted to the value of inductor Lx by exchanging and Determination of equivalent series inductance Ls The INRIM standard was connected with the 4 2 adapter and the PTB standard directly to the bridge without using resistor R4 see Fig 1 Capacitor is a GR1404 standard of 1 nF Resistor is a 10 KQ Vishay resistor and is a 10 KQ Vishay resistor with very low temperature coefficients This part of the measurement is called main measurement In the second part of the measurement zero substitution the standards were replaced by a small air coil Lxo and the variable resistor R4 was inserted The 4 2 adapter was not used Following this the inductance Lxo was measured with an LCR meter Instruments for measurement of quantities of secondary importance f universal counter I current Rprioo rc precision multimeter Text electronic thermometer with NTC sensor Hex electronic hygrometer with capacitive sensor EURAMET EM S26 Page 33 of 119 C 4 MKEH Hungary Method of measurement Comparative measurement with two terminal connections We used our 10 mH inductance as a reference After the measuring Owen bridge was balanced we measured the resistance of the balancing arm of the bridge it is proportinal to the measured inductance Lx RgCaRn where RgCa is
101. r INRIM inductance standard sn 13975 Quantity Estimate Standard Probability Method of Sensitivity Uncertainty Degrees of Xi Xj uncertainty distribution evaluation coefficient contribution freedom u xi A B Ci ci ux Cor 199 99420 nF 1 00x10 nF rectangular B 500273 H F 0 050 uH 1 60 10 nF normal B 500273 H F 0 800 uH oo 1 40x10 nF normal B 500273 H F 0 070 uH 4 00x10 nF normal A 500273 H F 0 020 uH 9 Ks 0 78991482 4 74x10 normal B 0 12666 H 0 600 uH 999 97520 Hz 1 00x10 Hz normal 0 00020 H Hz 0 020 uH 9 Ets 100 051744 mH 1 40 10 mH _ rectangular A 1 0 140 uH 12 L f 100 051744 mH 1 30x10 mH normal A 1 0 130 uH 8 _repea Combined standard uncertainty Uc 1 02 uH Effective degrees of freedom Vere 15976 Expanded uncertainty p 95 U 2 00 uH Uncertainties that relates to calibration uncertainty of 200 nF transfer capacitor are highlighted in gray Page 77 of 119 Ukrmetrteststandard continued Uncertainty budget components for PTB inductance standard sn 18197 Source of uncertainty Relative standard Type uncertainty Uncertainty of 100 pF capacitors bank AH11A 3 units 0 5x10 B Calibration uncertainty of 200 nF transfer capacitor against 100 pF capacitors 8 0x10 B bank Uncertainty of 200 nF transfer capacitor due to temperature variations while 0 7x10 B
102. ram of the 4 2 adapter Figure 22 4 2 adapter with shorting bar Page 94 of 119 In order to power the thermostated enclosure a 12 V dc power supply is provided Figure 8 It requires 220 V 240 V ac 50 Hz line power at the input 12Vdc Power Supply p ras Figure 24 Power supply 12 V dc Four BPO dust caps are provided to cover the connectors of the inductor when they are not used A 4 wire shielded Rprioo cable with LEMO connector is provided to measure the resistance of the internal thermometer The connections should be made as follows Red z high current terminal IH Black low current terminal IL Yellow high voltage terminal VH Green low voltage terminal VL 2 3 Description of the PTB inductance standard The thermostatically controlled inductance standard Figure 9 consists of a commercial inductance standard GR1482 L It is built in a thermostat with an electronic controller This construction guarantees a constant operating temperature The standard has three terminals high low ground with a removable ground strap to connect the low terminal with ground Figure 10 There are two LEMO connectors e The two terminal one Figure 11 is the connection of the 24 V dc power supply The thermostat is supplied by a 24 V DC uninterruptible power system UPS Between the measurements the UPS must be connected to the line e The internal temperature of the standard is measured by a 10 kQ NTC resistor th
103. re 6 4 2 adapter with shorting bar Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the 4 2 adapter In order to power the thermostatic enclosure a 12 V dc power supply is provided Figure 8 It requires 220 V 240 V ac 50 Hz line power at the input Figure 8 Power supply 12 V dc Four BPO dust caps are provided to cover the connectors of the inductor when they are not used A 4 wire shielded 1 cable with LEMO connector is provided to measure the resistance of the internal thermometer The connections should be made as follows Red high current terminal Black low current terminal IL Yellow high voltage terminal VH Green low voltage terminal VL EURAMET EM S26 Page 8 of 119 3 1 3 The PTB inductance standard sn 18197 The thermostatically controlled inductance standard Figure 9 consists of a commercial inductance standard GR1482 L It is built in a thermostat with an electronic controller This construction guarantees a constant operating temperature The standard has three terminals high low and ground with a removable ground strap to connect the low terminal with ground Figure 10 There are two LEMO connectors e The two terminal one Figure 11 is the connection of the 24 V dc power supply The thermostat is supplied by a 24 V DC uninterruptible power system UPS Between the measurements the UPS must be connected to the line e The internal temperature of the standard is measured by a 10 kQ NTC resist
104. referred This comparison will be linked to the EUROMET EM 520 comparison through the independent laboratories that participated in both comparisons Page 97 of 119 3 Organisation 3 1 Co ordinators and members of the support group The comparison is organized as a co operative effort between the following laboratories Institutul National de Metrologie INM Romania Contact person Mrs Anca Nestor E mail anca nestor inm ro Tel 4021 334 48 30 4021 334 50 60 ext 170 Physikalisch Technische Bundesanstalt PTB Germany Contact person Dr J rgen Melcher Axel K lling E mail Juergen Melcher ptb de Axel Koelling ptb de Tel 49 531 592 2100 Nederlands Meetinstituut Van Swinden Laboratorium NMi VSL The Netherlands Contact person Erik Dierikx E mail edierikx 09 nmi nl Tel 31 15 269 16 88 Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica INRIM Italy Contact person Luca Callegaro E mail Icallega inrim it Tel 39 011 391 94 35 INM is responsible for the schedule and keeps track of the travelling standards PTB performs the pilot measurements on the travelling standards to determine their behaviour during the comparison and prepares the PTB inductance standard VSL prepares the technical protocol collects the results performs the data analysis and prepares the draft final reports INRIM associate organizer responsible for the preparation of the INRIM inductance standard contributions to technical
105. related between the individual results whereas the contributions from the type A evaluation 2 are expected to be uncorrelated In the calculation of the results the reported inductance values have not been normalized to a common reference temperature It has been assumed that the standard s temperature has been sufficiently stable in the temperature controlled enclosure Whereas most participants performed the measurements at an ambient temperature of about 23 C one laboratory NPL reported a temperature of about 20 C However the readings from the internal temperature sensors in the standards at NPL are not significantly different from the values reported in other laboratories Furthermore effects from current deviations from the specified 1 mA and frequency deviations from 1 kHz have been ignored in the computation of the results Effects of current level dependence have not been evaluated but from experience it is known that there is no significant effect on the inductance value as long as the power dissipation in the inductor doesn t produce any heating of the standard For this type of standard the inductance value is typically proportional to the frequency squared A typical value of frequency dependence for a 100 mH standard is about 2x 10 H Hz which results in a deviation of about 1 2 u H H for a frequency offset of 3 Hz All reported values of the internal temperature of the standards the ambient temperature and relat
106. rrection factor due to LCR meter transfer accuracy Contributions to standard uncertainty Inductance of standard inductor L The value of inductance is taken from last calibration certificate of reference standard inductor The uncertainty for this value is also taken from calibration certificate as expanded associated uncertainty with normal probability distribution and coverage factor k 2 Drift of standard inductor from its last calibration dL D Drift is assumed on the basis analysis of difference between the calibrated values of standard inductor from all previous certificates Its value is estimated to be OH with associated uncertainty at rectangular distribution witch calculated from linear fit multiplied by factor of expected changes of standard inductor in 2 year Inductance reading from LCR meter of unknown inductor Inductance reading is obtained by calculated mean value of the LCR display readings noted during calibration This quantity has a standard uncertainty calculated as standard deviation of the mean of all the readings that have been used for calculation of the mean This uncertainty contribution is assumed to have normal probability distribution Inductance reading from LCR meter of standard inductor 2 Inductance reading is obtained by calculated mean value of LCR display readings noted during calibration This quantity has a standard uncertainty calculated as standard deviation of the mean of all the readi
107. s 2 DANIAmet DPLE Vej 12 8600 Vej 12 8600 Denmark 45 87206969 45 86 81 26 54 torsten lippert trescal com Lippert Kalibrering A S Silkeborg Silkeborg Physikalisch Physikalisch Technische Technische Bundesanstalt Bundesanstalt J rgen Department 2 1 Department 2 1 Melcher and Physikalisch Direct Current Direct Current Juergen Melcher ptb de 3 Axel Technische PTB and Low and Low Germany 40 531 592 2100 40 531 592 2105 A LK lline tb d xe xel Koelling Q ptb de K lling Bundesanstalt Frequency Frequency Bundesallee Bundesallee 100 100 38116 38116 Braunschweig Braunschweig Orsz gos Orsz gos M r s gyi Gy rgy M r s gyi Hivatal H 4 Hi M r s evi Hivatal OMH Hivatal H 1124 Budapest Hungary 36 1 458 5880 36 1 458 5949 m telepy 9 0mh hu 1535 Budapest N metv lgyi Pf 919 Hungary t 37 39 Hungary Page 105 of 119 Delivery No Name Institute Acronym Postal address address Country Telephone Telefax e mail National Metrology Laboratory Enterprise Ireland National Ireland Goods Inwards Oliver Metrology Glasnevin Section oliver power enterprise 5 Power NML Dublin 9 Car Park Ireland 353 1 808 2252 353 1 808 2026 ireland com Ireland Ireland Number 3 Enterprise Ireland Campus Glasnevin Dublin 9 Dept 4238 Dept 4238 Chaikin LAT Standards Israel A
108. s cune oett DUE EESE 84 F 1 MELAS n ss eave canst OU d ou DO M E IA 84 2 UMES er C E a 86 F3 DANIA met NM ieaiaia te ner o RR EU EE BIER UNTEN ADVERSE Ud SURE S 89 4 Degrees of equivalence after corrective 90 Annex G Comparison protocol 91 EURAMET EM S26 Page 4 of 119 1 Introduction After completion of the 520 comparison on inductance measurements of 100 mH at 1 kHz 1 there was a need for a follow up comparison to allow the remaining laboratories within the EUROMET region to participate in a comparison of this quantity Therefore it was decided to start a new comparison of this quantity as EUROMET project no 816 From July 2007 all references to EUROMET have been changed to Metrology area branch Description BIPM KCDB reference Time of measurements Status Measurand Parameter s Transfer device s Comparison type Consultative Committee Electricity and Magnetism Inductance Inductance measurements of 100 mH at 1 kHz EURAMET EM S26 September 2006 October 2008 Final report Inductance 100 mH Frequency 1000 Hz Two 100 mH inductance standards encased in a thermostatic controlled enclosure provided by INRIM and PTB Supplementary comparison CCEM Consultative Committee for Electricity and Ma
109. s dotted lines EURAMET EM S26 Page 18 of 119 6 3 Degrees of equivalence For each participant i and each travelling standard k the degree of equivalence D with respect to the reference value is determined as Di Ly i RV 4 with the corresponding uncertainty U D U L y U RV Fk U L a U RV 5 where rix is the correlation coefficient between laboratory result and the RV Correlations between the results from the laboratories and the reference value have been ignored gt 0 in the computation of except for the case of PTB From the selection of the RV it is obvious that there is a full correlation rprg 1 between the uncertainty of the PTB result and the uncertainty in RV For some other laboratories there is a correlation between their result and the RV because they obtain their traceability from PTB By ignoring these correlations the values of U D can be slightly overestimated but this effect is expected to be less than 5 of the uncertainty value For those laboratories that performed measurements on two travelling standards the overall degree of equivalence D is calculated as the average value of two individual standards D 1 D 2 with the uncertainty 7 In this equation a full correlation r12 1 is assumed between 1 and U D which can result in a slightly overestimated value of U D Additionally the performance
110. s please read the original USER MANUAL on CD
111. suring range and memory capacity All parameters necessary for the v Humidity v Temperature measuring sequence are editable m Threshold Field Settin gs Logger Name nur speichern wenn Messwert gt oberer oder lt unterer Grenzwert Editing the acronym of the institute in the field Humidity Logger Name This name will be assigned to the Upper limit 67 5 Lower limit 9 5 measured values Temperature Upper limit 30 0 Lower limit 10 0 The other fields editing like the picture beside Settings Logger Name 2 4 Start of the Measuring Sequence eral The logger is started by clicking the button From Execute in the logger start window The program performs a check of the entered parameters Sampling period To attempts to connect to the data logger and to start 07 04 2007 22 46 06 07 04 2007 22 48 06 00 20 00 it In case of success a message will be displayed Turn off logger we 23 08 2006 16 28 06 v Start without delay 2 5 Switching off the Data Logger After data reading see capture 3 1 please switch off the device using the data logger software during the stay in institute To do that please activate in the start window of the logger the box Switch off with click and also click the button Execute This draws the data logger into a mode with minimal power consumption Before the transport will be started reinitialise the date logger again but
112. t 0 015 itii a a a e l KD SC Q9 S s g GS SUSS es S S e S Figure 16 Degrees of equivalence zoom EURAMET EM S26 Page 21 of 119 7 Discussion of the results The results of this comparison show that 10 out of 16 participants are in agreement with the reference value The consistency of the results with the reference value was tested with a x test The y test fails if the result of MKEH is included Since the MKEH result is an obvious outlier the X test was repeated without this result Then the test passes For those laboratories that are not in agreement with the reference value there is in most cases a systematic deviation for both travelling standards In the case of METAS for one standard the value is in agreement with the reference value and the other one is not After the comparison METAS investigated this deviation by performing additional measurements on the travelling standard for which the deviation was observed It was found that the bridge was sensitive to a leakage current from the inductors thermostat to ground through its power supply From the test measurements a correction was estimated The corrected result is shown in Annex For the disagreement of the UMTS results with respect to the reference value there are two different causes First of all UMTS reported that one of the uncertainty contributions had been underestimated Furthermore
113. tandard a statement about the traceability of your measurement If your laboratory doesn t have an independent realisation of inductance from which other laboratory do you obtain your traceability the ambient conditions of the measurement the temperature and the humidity with limits of variation the values of other influence quantities the internal temperature of the standard given as the resistance of the PT100 resistance thermometer the amplitude and frequency of the measuring signal and its uncertainty the effective series resistance of the inductor the result of the measurements the series inductance the associated standard uncertainties the effective degrees of freedom and the expanded uncertainties a detailed uncertainty budget which will be included in the final report the read out data file of the transport data logger see annex 7 capture 3 1 The participants are also asked to report a summary of the measuring results as shown in Annex 4 The report and the summary should preferably be sent by e mail The pilot laboratory will inform a participating laboratory if there is a large deviation between the results of the laboratory and the preliminary reference values No other information on the results will be communicated before the completion of the circulation Page 103 of 119 7 Report of the comparison The draft and final versions of the comparison report will be prepared by NMi VSL The support group will
114. tandards together with the corresponding uncertainties U R In the same tables the measurement frequency f and the current through the inductor have also been reported with their corresponding uncertainties U f and U I All uncertainty values are expanded uncertainties k 2 covering a probability interval of approximately 95 96 Note 1 x means that this information was not reported Note 2 Some uncertainty values have been rounded and as a result of this an uncertainty of 0 appears in the table 0 uncertainty then means that the uncertainty claimed by the laboratory is less than 0 5 of the least significant digit indicated in the table Table E 1 Additional measurement data for travelling standard sn 13975 Laboratory Series Resistance Frequency Frequency Current Current resistance Unc Uncertainty Uncertainty R UR f Up I UD Q Q Hz Hz mA mA 1 X x 1000 500 0 600 0 9500 0 1000 NPL 82 832 0 010 1000 000 0 000 1 0000 0 0010 PTB2 X X 1000 500 0 600 0 9500 0 1000 UMTS 82 951 0 020 999 975 0 000 0 3200 0 0100 PTB3 X X 1000 500 0 600 0 9500 0 1000 IPQ 82 904 0 042 1000 000 0 005 1 0000 x SMD 82 920 0 040 1000 000 0 100 1 0000 0 0200 DANIAmet NMI 82 965 0 090 999 994 0 001 0 9640 0 0010 VSL 82 859 0 050 1000 000 0 002 1 0000 0 0500 PTB4 X X 1000 500 0 600 0 9500 0 1000 GUM 82 910 0 025 1000 000 0 02
115. that the METAS measurements of the INRIM sn 13975 standard deviates from the RV Reference Value by many times the standard deviation while the measurements of the PTB sn 18197 standard are in good agreement with the RV Extensive investigations of the measuring system used at METAS during the comparison showed an inappropriate ground connection and current equalization This inappropriate bridge design resulted in a systematic error when the measured standard is not floating with respect to the power line ground This effect explains the large deviation observed on the measurement of the INRIM standard which was not floating from ground due to the 12 V DC supply of the thermostat With the PTB inductor the thermostat was powered from batteries making the standard floating during the measurement Therefore no leakage current did flow and the bridge was working properly in this case To settle this problem INRIM kindly accepted to send its standard back to METAS for additional investigations New measurements have been carried out in October 2009 whose results are shown in Figure F 1 Effect of the leakage current through the 12 VDC power supply 670 0 i 4 1 i OINRIM 12 VDC supply Battery 12 VDC supply 92 5 uH H 550 0 7 15 14 24 15 21 36 15 28 48 15 36 00 15 43 12 15 50 24 15 57 36 time relative deviation from 100 mH uH H Figure 1 Relative deviation from 100 mH obtained during the measurements carried
116. the UMTS results are adversely affected by the behaviour of the standards In October 2006 both travelling standards showed a jump in the inductance value of about 10 uH H This was most probably caused by a shock during transport of the standards From the reference measurements in November 2006 and January 2007 it was observed that the inductance values recovered more or less to their previous values The measurements at UMTS were performed at a time when the standards had not yet fully recovered which affects the results of UMTS Comments on the results of UMTS are given in Annex F2 The disagreement of the results of DANIAmet NMI has been most probably related to the reference standard that was used in this laboratory for this comparison Detailed comments are given in Annex F3 The participants in this comparison have reported four different techniques to realize the traceability of the unit of inductance Traditional techniques are the Maxwell Wien bridge and the LC resonance technique The Maxwell Wien bridge appears to yield the lowest uncertainties A quite modern technique is the sampling bridge comparing the inductor with a resistor In terms of uncertainty this technique is at about the same level as the LC resonance bridges but may be further improved in the future Laboratories that do not have their own realization of the unit of inductance obtain the traceability from another laboratory usually through the calibration of
117. the first attempt to contact the device can last up to 4 5 minutes 3 Reading and Displaying Measured Values 3 1 Data Reading To read out data of the logger press the button Read in the logger row see capture 2 2 After successfully connecting to the data logger the read out of the data starts If there are problems appropriate messages will be displayed If the data transfer was successful in the logger row an opened book is symbolized Search for 24 Logger al a0 7 Bye Search for Logger ID Search Read Start Remove toggero _ __ d CEMA 64e Start Online CLIMA 64 kB After the successful transfer the data will be stored automatically in software custom format as cu2 file with the current folder as destination e g C Program Files Logger Cub It is possible to change the current path and folder by activating the buttonBrowse in the Setup menu field Folder File storage space Current Folder C PROGRAM FILESILOGGERYMINIDANACUB Browse This is the current path For cu2 files To modify it click on button Browse 3 2 Displaying Measurement Values Graphical Displa The contents of the cu2 files can be displayed by pressing the button Graphics on the main bar The currently available values are visualised graphically f Minidan version 3 03 UE 3 ga R Help ESYS Exit Open Logger T
118. tion coefficient contribution freedom u x c u xi moles ems meu oec xam L S car Nema ase 0206 08 oo 50 An 51226681 000000040 Nemar A aeaeo ooo 157 Bw 8 of ooo Be B roo os S sm 3 8 amp 8 _ om 8 Ls of sesos Box e oo S Liu of sos Nomai ase 1 oso Expanded uncertainty p 95 1 54 uH 100 063 99 Page 70 of 119 Model equation that follows from the measurement setup R R A B t Uncertainty budget table Quantit Estimate Standard Probability Method of Sensitivity i y uncertainty distribution evaluation coefficient contribution freedom u x c u xi Exile oe meme ase sese 6 67E 02 0 000 e 0 94265673 0 00000111 Nomai A 3 10603 0 0000 15 0 000000823 sw 000 of 00000079 ox B en 00 0000 Box Les of 0 00046 B6 1 0 0003 5 Lis of 0 050 Nomai aes 1 0 0500 5 EE Expanded uncertainty seres Resistance T Zin Kelvin _ Page 71 of 119 METAS continued sn 18197 Model equation that follows from the measurement setup E B j B L E O 4 gt 4 of ee Zin Kelvin L
119. tion uncertainty of 200 nF transfer capacitor are highlighted in gray Page 88 of 119 F 3 DANIAmet NMI DANIAmet NMI Trescal Denmark Torsten Lippert Comment December 2010 Since our measurement results are roughly 150 ppm too high we have made some investigations of the set up which was used for this intercomparison First we would like to point out that this is an experimental set up not usually used and that our CMC value for this measurement is 300 ppm During the intercomparison the set up was tested against our reference inductor Tinsley BG 8 2 100 mH which is calibrated by another NMI which has done very well in this intercomparison and we were able to reproduce its calibrated value within 10 ppm with a standard deviation of 5 ppm However subsequent recalibration of this reference inductor showed a shift or drift to a lower value of around 75 ppm Such a shift drift has not been observed earlier Since the intercomparison we have got a GR 1482 L 100 mH at our disposal traceable to another NMI In order to investigate the origin of the rather large deviation of roughly 150 ppm we have made a series of measurements with the GR 1482 L and the Tinsley BG 8 2 standard The Tinsley BG 8 2 inductor consists only of a number of windings no shielding and no core air so it is quite sensitive to external fields Although we have a wooden table for inductance measurements the measurements using this set up showed a considerable se
120. trycznej 00 950 Warszawa P 10 Poland Tel 48 22 581 9353 Fax 48 22 581 9499 E mail electricity gum gov pl impedance gum gov pl EURAMET EM S26 Page 25 of 119 Participant Acronym Contact person Address Tel Fax E mail Participant Acronym Contact person Address Tel Fax E mail Participant Acronym Contact person Address Tel Fax E mail Participant Acronym Contact person Instituto Portugu s da Qualidade Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Tecnologia e Inova o I P at the time of the measurements IPQ INETI at the time of the measurements Rui de Mello Freitas Isabel Godinho Rua Antonio Gi o 2 2829 513 CAPARICA Portugal Rui Freitas ineti pt IGodinho mail ipq pt Institutul National de Metrologie INM Anca Nestor Vitan B rzesti nr 11 RO 042122 Bucuresti Romania 40 21 334 48 30 ext 170 40 21 334 50 60 ext 170 40 21 334 55 33 40 21 334 53 45 anca nestor inm ro Slovenian Institute of Quality and Metrology SIQ Uro Poto nik Borut Pinter Matja Lindi Trzaska c 2 SI 1000 Ljubljana Slovenia uros potocnik siq si borut pinter siq si matjaz lindic siq si National Metrology Institute of South Africa NMISA Alexander Matlejoane Michael Khoza mkhoza nmisa org Address Private Bag X34 Lynnwood Ridge 40 South Africa Tel 27 12 841 4343 Fax 27 12 841 2131 E mail amatlejoane nmisa org mkhoza nmisa
121. uctance of the reference standard due to temperature changes K Correction factor due to some systematic effects within the measurement setup finite resolution of the RLC meter parasitic coupling variation of the inductance of the measurement cables Ratio between the self inductances of the measured inductor and the reference Li Lie inductor displayed by the RLC meter OL xT Variation of the self inductance of the measured inductor due to temperature changes Page 65 of 119 Uncertainty budget table for the measurement of the PTB sn 18197 inductor Quantity Estimate Standard Probability Method of Sensitivity Uncertainty Degrees of uncertainty distribution evaluation coefficient contribution freedom Xi Xi Ci ci ui Le 99 996 mH 02002000 normal B 1 91902000 inf mH mH 0 00054 0 000002 B 1 0 000002 inf mH mH 5 mH Larife 0 00250 0 003200 0 003200 mH mH rectangular B 1 mH inf OLer 0 00014 0 000040 ere B 1 0 000040 inf mH mH 5 mH OL yr 0 00000 0 000000 tte B 4 0 000000 inf mH mH 5 mH 1 00000 0 000013 triangular B 100 mH rci 7 0 000149 1 000549 0 000001 normal A 100 mH mH 29 L 100 0540 mH Combined standard uncertainty Uc 0 0040 mH Effective degrees of freedom Vere 9 30695E 1 1 Expanded uncertainty p 9
122. uncertainty Uncertainty Budgets Last Inductance value of DUT Quantity Value Standard Degrees Distributi Sensitivity Corr Uncertainty of on Coefficient Coeff ER Lx esses ss ata efor Au 3195107H 2051074 50 noma 9 _ 45 Loos Eo Si ese a Eu qe m et e er CE EIN UB E s EM ed nl DM Le ss ws ssr oo 0 10005733 t1110 7H 61 Results Quantity Expanded Coverage Coverage Uncertainty factor 0 1000573 H 22409H 95 t table 95 45 Date 08 03 2007 File INRIM_S1_20070801 Page 3 of 3 EURAMET EM S26 Page 49 of 119 Calibration of a 100 mH standard inductance PTB sn 18197 at 1 kHz inductance value Calibration of a 100 mH standard inductance PTB sn 18197 at 1 kHz inductance value The reference inductor QT 100 mH sn 0097780 and the inductor to be calibrated DUT is a GR 1482 L of PTB sn 18197 are placed in a room with an air temperature of 23 C 1 C and a relative humidity of 45 10 96 After a stabilization period of at least 24 h these capacitors are measured by means of an RLC bridge Agilent E4980A This bridge is driven by HPVEE software The temperature of the inductances is measured by means of previously calibrated temperature indicators having a resolution of at least 1 mK Measurements took place between 06 02 2007 and 16 02 2007 Model
123. unication between the data logger and the PC is provided by the wireless Infrared Interface IrDA Infrared interface This interface type eliminates the need for any wire based connections An IrDA connection can be realised by connecting the IrDA adapter iRMATE 210 to the serial port of the PC However state of the art laptop computers have an IrDA interface already build in For establishing the data communication the IrDA adapter of the PC or notebook 2diodes is positioned as close as possible 10cm 1 m distance in front of the infrared interface of the data logger For error free communication make sure that the Infrared value is set in the menu Sefup in the field Communication default Communication pa com 2 Infrared This serial port is used to communicate with data logger 2 Preparing Starting and Turning off the Data Logger 2 1 Data Logger Software and PC Data Logger Communication Executing the Data Logger Software under Windows is done by double clicking the left hand mouse key onto the Logger icon or by selecting the Logger software from the entry Start Program The main Window of the Data Logger Software appears with the menu buttons Exit Quits the PC data logger program Open Loads already stored measurement data files cu2 Logger Search read out configure start switch off the data logger and display current values Table Alpha numeric display of measurement values in table format
124. urdu This is automatic precision measurement system for mutual comparison of values of primary standards of resistance capacitance and inductance It was compared to combined transformer bridge developed by Prof Andrzej Muciek that was used in previous EUROMET comparison Comparator consists of transformer for equipotentialization VT autotransformer voltage divider AT quadrature channel with system of quadrature calibration and common for both autotransformer and quadrature bridges comparators generator G and vector voltmeter which consists of unbalance signal amplifier UBA two channels synchronous demodulator VV and microcontroller yC Comparator operating control and ratios calculation of compared impedances are made by control unit on the base of PC During measurement vector voltmeter by the using of commutator C is connected to two outputs of measurement circuit and measures two output voltages U and U Then the definite variation of arms ratio of autotransformer voltage divider AT is made and output voltage Uy is measured The equations set which described these measurements is calculated by control unit PC Control unit uses the results of calculation for bridge balancing and for getting of finish measurement result Figure C 8 1 GUM RLC comparator bridge More detailed description the paper Bridges for the realization of the units and build up of the scale for electrical resistance capacitance and inductance M Surdu
125. value of DUT compared to S2 normal distribution Value 0 10005733 Expanded Uncertainty 1 11 10 Coverage Factor 1 Lxisz Type B normal distribution Value 0 10005672 H Expanded Uncertainty 124 105 Coverage Factor 1 Input Correlation 1 1 1 1 Budgets Inductance value of DUT Value Standard Degrees Distributi Sensitivity Corr Uncertainty of on Coefficient Coeff CS mma 96 oe _ area 95 Results Value Expanded Coverage Coverage Uncertainty factor 0 1000570 H 2440 H 95 t table 95 45 Date 08 02 2007 File INRIM_S1ANDS2_20070731 Page 1 of 1 Calibration of a 100 mH standard inductance INRIM sn 13975 at 1 kHz inductance value Calibration of a 100 mH standard inductance INRIM sn 13975 at 1 kHz inductance value The reference inductor QT 100 mH sn 0097780 and the inductor to be calibrated DUT is INRIM sn 13975 are placed in a room with an air temperature of 23 C 1 C and a relative humidity of 45 96 10 After a stabilization period of at least 24 h these capacitors are measured by means of an RLC bridge Agilent E4980A This bridge is driven by HPVEE software The temperature of the inductances is measured by means of previously calibrated temperature indicators having a resolution of at least 1 mK Measurements took place between 06 02 2007 and 16 02 2007 Model Equation
126. xi Ci freedom evaluation Vi 20 Experimental normal A 0 80 1 0 64 n l Measure standard 19 ments deviation Bridge amp Overall rectangular A 4 10 1 16 81 oo Connections range Reference Traceability rectangular B 20 00 1 00 standard Drift normal A 0 30 1 Other rectangular B 2 00 1 4 00 influences Combined standard uncertainty uc y 20 77 gt 00 Coverage factor k 2 Expanded uncertainty at 95 U 42 Page 64 of 119 D 10 Uncertainty budget INM Romania Remarks 1 Self inductance Ls measured in two terminal connection of the travelling standard 2 Measurement method applied substitution against a 100 mH reference standard inductor 3 SI traceability of the 100 mH inductor used as reference standard within the measurements is provided by PTB 4 In the model equation L stands for the unknown self inductance of the inductor being measured while the index refers to the reference standard Model equation that follows from the measurement set up Ly Le ALert Lari ALer Ke K OLyr Description of the parameters in the equation Param Description L Inductance of the reference standard inductor Variation of self inductance of the reference standard due to the intensity of the measurement current OLarift Variation of the self inductance of the reference standard from the last calibration AMLer Variation of the self ind
127. y Uncertainty Degrees of uncertainty distribution evaluation coefficient contribution freedom Xi Xi u x A B Ci ci V L cer uH 3 5 uH Normal B 1 3 5 uH TUNES 1 62 uH_ 0 94 uH Rectangular B 1 0 94 uH 3 3 uH 1 91 uH Rectangular B 1 1 91 uH S 2 07 uH 2 07 uH Normal A 1 2 07 uH 34 Combined standard uncertainty Uc 4 59 uH Effective degrees of freedom Vett 730 Expanded uncertainty p 95 U 9 uH Page 69 of 119 D 13 Uncertainty budget METAS Switzerland sn 13975 Model equation that follows from the measurement setup L c 0 4 2 4 Zin T Kelvin L short resistance value of the reference resistor at 1 kHz traceable to time constant of the reference resistor angular frequency of the applied signal real part of the measured complex ratio of voltages imaginary part of the measured complex ratio of voltages error on the measured value of A due to the non linearity of the input stage of the detector error on the measured value of B due to the non linearity of the input stage of the detector error on Ls due to the finite impedance of the input stage of the detetcor error on Ls due to the finite resolution of the Kelvin Balance residual inductance of a short Uncertainty budget table Quantit Estimate Standard Probability Method of Sensitivity i y uncertainty distribution evalua
128. y budget by means of one Uncertainty budget PTB Germany standard and one measurement period PTB standard period Il Model equation for bridge configurations Lj Cy 40 R R T Ly T TypB R R C k k 7 15 R R C 2 C 3 4H w R Ciy C C Q 2zf Ci c 1 TypB Ciall TypB n 1 Lyo lxo 1 TypB quantity unit Definition Ls H inductance of travelling standard capacitance of capacitor Cia F capacitance of capacitor Cia F observations of capacitor Ciao F entire capacitance of zero substitution Ciao F observations of capacitor C110 F entire capacitance of main measurement capacitance of bridge terminals in the zero substitution Cay F capacitance of bridge terminals in the main measurement f Hz frequency of measurement Kp s frequency coefficient of resistor kg s frequency coefficient of resistor Lxo H inductance of small air coil lxo H observations of small air coil Ly R Q value of decade resistor R Q observations of decade resistor Ro Q value of resistor R2 Q value of resistor takes into account the uncertainty of the capacitance meter TypB takes into account the uncertainty of the inductance meter TypBga takes into account the uncertainty
129. y ncertainty y n Std Uncertainty pr Type Xi Uxi distribution mH Repeatability ss 000004 40 Normal 1 oos 4 A Caban ore sanad 1s orm mit 1 Nomar 2 im 8 Drift correction since last Ld 0 0030 mH 0 0050 mH Rectangulr 1732 0 0029 calibration Temperature effect of the reference wears s am oecon Um oma im 5 Resolution Tr o 152 S 109 5 1 mt 00060 1 Rectangular 1 732 0086 gt B iw Om 0000 1 Rectangular 17322 0005 gt B a ero sn er v T vom ez oom ms 5 Parasitic inductance Wires connection Combined Std Uncertainty Expanded Uncertainty EURAMET EM S26 Page 58 of 119 D 7 Uncertainty budget VSL The Netherlands In the resonance bridge the inductance standard and its connecting cables is treated as a parallel circuit of an ideal inductor Lp and an ideal conductance Gp 1 Rp The balance equations of the bridge are given by 1 1 AG G R L eC Where is defined as C C AC C C G is the parasitic conductance of the capacitor C Cx is the parasitic capacitance of the resistor Rx C is the parasitic capacitance introduced by the connectors that are used to connect the inductance standard 0 fF 20 fF Self inductance standards are commonly characterized in terms of a s

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