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SARIS Manual

1. PRESS PRESS PRESS PRESS Entering notes The following screen will then appear HOTES HEXT PAGE Bose Line Claim Post Inc ine Decl ine Cliff Bos swamp Pond River Hill Visible Clay Outcrop Road Sel tit Chs AlPha Press the up or down arrow keys to bring the cursor to the feature you want to choose It will then be highlighted If the note you want to choose is not on the present list press the FI NEXT PAGE key to go to the next page To cancel this function press the FA CANCEL key This will return you to the notes screen When you are satisfied with the selected note press the F5 OK key to use this note as your chosen note It will now be inserted in the note parameter field To record this note in your data file press the F5 RECORD key The note parameter field will then be cleared and ready for the next note recording SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 uolpssdo Field Operation PRESS PRESS Recording notes using available macros What is a macro A macro is a note that you would wish to reuse It can be one of the notes taken from the list or it can be any arbitrary string of characters Defining your five macros In the notes screen press the up or down arrow keys to bring the cursor to the first macro entry as illustrated below Note 1 Hacros ane co Bas Sel ti
2. lille esee C 11 Installing your USB driver 0 00 e eee eee eee C 13 Appendix D The Induced Polarization Method Introduction i i yer nha Mewes eed ADEE UNED are EDENE D 1 Historical Background 0 c eee eens D 3 Description of the I P phenomenon leseeeeeeee eee D 4 The Time Domain Method 00000 ee D 6 The Frequency Domain Method sisse D 8 Field Equipment 42 22 om ai korr RR aon ee aed ce D 9 Electrode arrays issus sao bak eg xp hanh Ra ere n ACER eae ee D 13 Data presentatlofi i ccc ee eee aed ee ics aon nn RETRO ACE ROR LACK ACA D 15 Model responses iiis orare tray hk Scia nach RO RR RR R ES D 15 Case Histories ccc cne ieee emu tales D bz othe pate ERR QURE Eg D 18 SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Limitations of NPs urls RE m rm ee Sct date eee eae See E CC D 24 Decay Curve analysis 2 0 0 c cece eee n nh nnn D 26 Time versus frequency dom in 00 0 cece eee eee eee eee D 31 Bibliography 0 0 cece RI III I mn D 35 Appendix E SARIS GPS Datums e o9 o gt fe o e E iL e dia SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Getting Started About this manual Page numbering The numbering scheme used consists of two parts the chapter number and page number For example 3 1 would refer to chapter 3 page 1 For your convenience each chapter
3. You can choose to have the unit turn itself off if no keys are pressed after 1 2 5 10 20 or 30 minutes Furthermore if you choose NO the unit will not turn itself off unless you do so by pressing the OFF key Press the right or left arrow key to toggle between values You can have your SARIS warn you if there are bad contacts or open loops when using intelligent electrode cables The unit will the automatically stop to allow you to verify the contacts or connect the appropriate electrode Press the right or left arrow key to toggle between YES and NO SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Instrument Setup OffWenner interpol You can have your SARIS calculate the Wenner intermediary points when you are performing Offset Wenner Soundings For more information see Appendix A Offset Wenner Sounding C Press the right or left arrow key to toggle between YES and NO PRESS Press the F5 OK key to return to the SETUP menu SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Set up screen Presets setup ea The presets menu allows you to choose a preset list of electrode positions This is most convenient in the sounding mode when you are not using a sounding cable Thus the preset positions can be thought of as a virtual sounding cable Furthermore the presets are applicable while performing Wenner and Schlumberger soundings Note E Presets have no use in imaging An imaging cable has takeouts at
4. a Pk Terisa o o amp 1 4th 10 E s 304 ru d E gm mS T d lt y TOODE bR OODE Ep300 RESISTIVITY a ee eee re EET PE 3 r 250 iil e rini pU et Er ee xcu E Bee cgo a ang BU poo amp a uobOE POE OF EP HUAOE hy KETHERIOA SELNGOIDNTE ZupLtHa GUARMTI Dia RITE Mince WEB ZEELA CURBTI PaBHITE oyni P balresgritr berarie Figure 12 Geophysical and drilling results Lornex Porphyry Copper Ore Body British Columbia Canada courtesy Lornex Mining Corp Ltd SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 3j POW di The Induced Polarization Method Figure 13 shows a discovery traverse a major bedded body of sphalerite galena marcasite mineralization in carbonate rocks in the Pine Point area Northwest Territories Canada For comparison purposes both gravity and Turam electromagnetic profiles on the same section are shown atl e F j ee a ri i y t ud heel fi F ae i i E x Dem i i ral inane E i 1 mei E mea E oL E X dtm ee nai a i P orcum musgn mA al Mc a i Fa ae i i a 3 su im e o E LIO L E HT H pam LI Eit uL NC I Wy vas n e cm I L 4 p X mau m m anm ow vs L LL iftis LE E xx 10 ALL Figure 13 Geophysical and drilling results Pyramid No 1 Lead Zinc Ore Body Pine Point Area Northwest Territories Canada
5. Chs AlPha You can enter each macro by either use the pre defined list by pressing the F2 USE LIST key as described in the previous section or by manually entering the string of characters as explained below Press the F3 FUNCT EDIT key to choose the EDIT mode To enter a new macro press the F2 CLEAR ALL key This will clear the macro field SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 PRESS e Entering notes Enter the note as an alphanumeric value up to 19 characters long Please refer to Alphanumeric entry example 2 on page 1 20 if you are unsure of the procedure Once the entered macro is correct press the F3 FUNCT EDIT key to exit the EDIT mode In the following illustration the five chosen macros are a combination of pre defined notes and manually entered notes HOTES Macros 1 Base Line 2 Drill Collar 3 Pond 4 Walkabout Creek EB Telephone Line Sel tit Chs AlPha Note At any time you can edit your macros by either entering new macros or editing the existing ones Using your macros In the notes screen press the up or down arrow keys to bring the cursor to the macro you wish to enter in the note parameter field For instance if you wish to use macro 5 then the number 5 will be highlighted as illustrated below SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 uolpisdoO Field Operation NOTES USE Hote USE
6. Macros LIST 1 Base Line 2 Drill Collar FUNCT 3 Pond EDIT 4 Walkabout Creek EE Telephone Line cancel RECORD Sel tie Chs Alpha Press the FI USE MACRO key to insert the chosen PRESS macro in the note parameter field The screen will resemble the one illustrated below NOTES USE Note Telephone Line USE Hacros LIST 1 Base Line 2 Drill Collar FUNCT 3 Pond EDIT H Walkabout Creek EN Telephone Line ESSERE RECORD Sel tie Cha Alpha To record this feature in your data file press the PRESS F5 RECORD key The note parameter field will then be cleared and ready for the next note recording SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 9 PRESS PRESS PRESS PRESS Entering notes Recording manually entered notes In the notes screen press the up or down arrow keys to bring the cursor to the note parameter field as illustrated on page 3 27 Press the F3 FUNCT EDIT key to choose the EDIT mode To enter a new note press the F2 CLEAR ALL key This will clear the data field Enter the note as an alphanumeric value up to 19 characters long Please refer to Alphanumeric entry example 2 on page 1 20 if you are unsure of the procedure Once the entered note is correct press the F3 FUNCT EDIT key to exit the EDIT mode To record this note in your data file press the F5 RECORD key The note parameter field will then be cleared and ready for the next note
7. PRESS Enters Press the Enter key SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 The following screen will then appear TRANSMITTER PARAMETERS SETUP ma Min Current na Noise threshold Mox fast measur time sec Max IP cycles EDIT Sel tit Cha 9 PRESS Set up screen Press the up or down arrow keys to bring the cursor to the chosen parameter you want to edit Press the F3 FUNCT EDIT key to choose the EDIT mode The approximate maximum current value that you will be able to inject can be set to values of 50 100 200 500 750 and 1000mA Press the right or left arrow key to set the value of the maximum current In all instances the SARIS will inject the minimum current possible while still preserving the utmost data quality in order to preserve battery power You can also override this feature by setting a minimum current value which is higher than the SARIS would normally inject The approximate minimum current value that you will be able to inject can be set to values of 1 2 5 10 20 50 100 200 500 750 and 900 mA Press the right or left arrow key to set the value of the minimum current SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Instrument Setup y Note The SARIS will use approximate values for the current You may very well have a current value slightly under the selected minimum Noise threshold The noise threshold is understood as t
8. The Induced Polarization Method Case Histories The most productive use of the I P method to date has been in the exploration for deposits of metallically conducting minerals where the amounts and degree of interconnection of these minerals are too low to give rise to an electromagnetically detectable body Where electromagnetic detection is feasible it is usually far more rapid and economical to apply electromagnetic induction methods to the problem The I P method is the only geophysical tool available which is capable of direct detecting I percent or less by volume of metallic conducting sulfides It is best used therefore where there is a high ratio of economic minerals to total sulfide mineralization Included in the proper I P range are such types of deposits as disseminated copper ores in porphyry or bedded forms lead zinc deposits particularly of the bedded type in carbonate rocks gold and other deposits which have an association with disseminated metallic conductors For many of these mineral occurrences the I P method is unique in providing detection SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Figure 12 shows time domain discovery traverses over a typical newly discovered porphyry copper deposit in British Columbia The lateral limits of the mineralization can be readily determined from the geophysical data as well as the depth to the upper surface of the mineralization 3 ARRAY Py F E CHARGEABILITY wc
9. gh AS Was e m i ay F d Scintrex Automated Resistivity Imaging System OPERATIONS MANUAL SCINTREX Rev Description of change ECO Date of issue App 1 1 Initial Release R B IW SCINTREX Scintrex Automated Resistivity Imaging System Operations Manual SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 SCINTREX LIMITED HEAD OFFICE In the U S A SCIN TREX Limited SCINTREX U S A 222 Snidercroft Road 900 Woodrow Lane Concord Ontario Suite 100 Canada L4K 1B5 Denton Texas 76205 tel 905 669 2280 tel 940 591 7755 fax 905 669 6403 fax 940 591 1968 e mail e mail scintrex idsdetection com richardj scintrexusa com In Australia S E Asia S C IN TREX Auslog P O Box 125 Sumner Park 83 Jijaws Street Brisbane QLD Australia 4074 tel 61 7 3376 5188 fax 61 7 3376 6626 e mail Auslog auslog com au World wide web http www idsdetection com http www scintrexltd com Copyright SCINTREX Limited 2001 All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic mechanical photo copying recording or otherwise without prior consent from SCINTREX Limited Document Part No 735 700 Revision 1 1 Printed and bound in Canada SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 p40 2404 Foreword Co
10. Colombia Ecuador Guyana Peru Venezuela Provisional S American 1956 Bolivia Provisional S American 1956 Chile Northern Near 19 S Provisional S American 1956 Chile Southern Near 43 S Provisional S American 1956 Colombia Provisional S American 1956 Ecuador Provisional S American 1956 Guyana Provisional S American 1956 Peru Provisional S American 1956 Venezuela Provisional S Chilean 1963 Chile South Near 53 S Hito XVIII SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 11 SARIS GPS Datums 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Puerto Rico Puerto Rico Virgin Islands Qatar National Qatar Qornog Greenland South Reunion Mascarene Islands Rome 1940 Italy Sardinia Santo DOS 1965 Espirito Santo Island Sao Braz Azores Sao Miguel Santa Maria Islands Sapper Hill 1943 East Falkland Island Schwarzeck Namibia Selvagem Grande Salvage Islands SGS 85 Soviet Geodetic System 1985 South American 1969 MEAN FOR Argentina Bolivia Brazil Chile Colombia Ecuador Guyana Paraguay Peru Trinidad amp Tobago Venezuela South American 1969 Argentina South American 1969 Bolivia South American 1969 Brazil South American 1969 Chile South American 1969 Colombia South American 1969 Ecuador 169 170 171 172 17
11. ab and mn are illustrated During the measurement and also once the measurement is completed the SARIS also displays the voltage waveform at the MN electrodes uolpssdo SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Field Operation PRESS PRESS PRESS PRESS PRESS Performing the next measurement Wenner profile In the automatic mode i e with mode set to CABLE AUTO with an automated imaging cable and the multi electrode interface module attached the next reading will be performed automatically without user intervention Therefore if you are in automatic mode this section can be skipped and you should proceed to Viewing your Wenner profile results on page 3 25 To repeat a reading or to proceed to the next sounding measurement press the reading key you will then be returned to the Wenner Profile electrode setup screen You can now proceed to take the next measurement either by Pressing the F1 NEXT STA key this will move up your profile to the next station the A C1 value will increase automatically according to the Station Step parameter Or for a multi separation profile or section where the Max n parameter is greater than 1 by pressing the F2 NEXT a key this will increase your a separation to the next level according to the Base Spacing a parameter Or by pressing the F3 FUNCT EDIT key to manually enter the new A C1 and or a values Press the FS INJECT
12. cece rene 2 4 Detecting a new cable 0 eee eee ee 2 7 Deleting a cable 2 c 00ckclecdbietavdetaeie lint t EUR PRICE EA 2 8 Copying a Cable 25e cs nnit enmi Cage eee bead BURG La Ra xod 2 10 Creating a virtual cable example 1 1 1 2 2 cece eee 2 15 Transmitter Screen usse Een m austen Uem ees ERE RR E RM RE 2 22 Options SCIGem aeo bois lites eR lE RR Sided RES eh e bns 2 26 Presets Setup 32 2 sp Eger aiken he aoa eR RP BA ER dae Kx ids Pees 2 29 Creating a new preset 2 00202 2 31 Selecting a Preset ee ce eer eese RR ee Rae ESR ES ER REESE 2 35 Copying a preset onec pekakie h ue een Ge sae es wee oie booed 2 39 Deleting a preset ais ete eed ue tk et y on ee ee eee 2 43 Service Screen 2i eye ded ee Paes aetna Ba peed yee DA fani ee 2 45 Service and support 6 eee eee 2 46 Software upgrade 1 2 2 0 eet eee 2 48 Database errors ics eed eae ue ER RES RET ce mug RE Ed 2 48 GPS SCCM oec ertet E ree eek eee eee AO Vn Ease les 2 50 GPS SelUP sue enn wane toes de atc pa moe E eux RR ae a ee 2 51 Choosing your map datum 0 0 eee eee 2 52 Choosing differential mode 0 cece ect eee 2 52 Glock SCPE GI oss susc sere e mx Ree ted eee Se ee 2 53 Survey screen ssie raataa ee eee cee ete pe bie m or Rm Roh EON eee ee ees 2 55 Optional parameters 0 0 cette ee 2 56 Optional header parameters 0 00 0000 e ee eee ee 2 57 Optional survey reference point parameters 0
13. courtesy Pyramid Mines Ltd It is interesting to note that despite an appreciable resistivity depression over the mineralization there is no significant Turam response at 400 c p s The conductivity of the ore is in fact no higher than that of the surficial deposits in the general area so that electromagnetic and resistivity methods yield in themselves no useful information The gravity method although yielding a positive response in this instance does not provide a good reconnaissance tool in this area because of karst topography and other sources of changes in specific gravity e SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 One occasionally encounters a deposit of the massive sulfide type which is normally thought of as an electromagnetic type of target because of its high conducting sulfide content but which obviously because of the lack of large scale continuity of the conducting sulfides does not respond to the electromagnetic techniques Figure 14 shows an intersection of ore grade material of this type in New Brunswick Canada where electromagnetic methods had yielded negative results EE 220 Up urs Pie Po 1 Fo eo pd I m MITT an B a i i moe 7 ape WO soci a IER 93H 94H 955 LI ITH 385 ETT DON Te KJ2N i i L H n Trek H fen na ih p a na i IE lura e ff a z pr areni asf Afia we i M a4 aa fa L1 oem y 7 XN SaN 5N SGN STH 34H fig N OIN MN DN L A w apee FI
14. key Once the number of satellites is sufficient and the antenna has clear line of sight to the satellites a GPS reading will be acquired A GPS icon as illustrated below lig will appear beside the Easting and Northing coordinates and the following message will appear at the bottom of the screen GPS reading acquired SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Survey screen Survey parameter setup The survey parameter setup screen allows you to set the grid system the survey units whether you choose to do a sounding or a profile which waveform you are using as well as the array and cable chosen In the survey header screen press the FI PARAMS key to access the Survey Parameter screen PRESS The following screen will then appear SURVEY PARAMETER SETUP Psst HEU Units METER Sound Prof Bhole PROFILE 3 Array WENNER FUNCT EDIT Waveform fly Sel ti Cha Press the up or down arrow keys to bring your cursor to the parameter you want to modify The selected parameter will then be highlighted as illustrated below Grid System PRESS Press the F3 FUNCT EDIT key to choose the EDIT mode SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Instrument Setup LA Grid System The grid system can either be NSEW or XY This means that your grid can be represented with or without cardinal point references Note In a NSEW grid system north sou
15. key to start injecting current You can repeat the procedures in this section until you have obtained all the points in your profile SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 PRESS Resistivity surveys Viewing your Wenner profile results To view your profile press the F5 GRAPH key within the measurement screen Case 1 Single separation Wenner profile For a single separation profile data is presented as a profile as illustrated below amn BEDE 58810 2 0 BS 200M F OH Eu Batak eink x E3 ia a E E E E E a paci ca a a a a aa Case 2 Multi separation Wenner profile or section uolpssdo SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Field Operation For a multi separation Wenner profile or section data is presented as a spreadsheet as illustrated below cmd aqu C m 2134 H2B87 6401 2133 H257 eudaao 2666 S326 T9588 z2 58E 7 50E 4254 HEMT PAGE Note The n column is empty because this parameter does not apply for a Wenner profile If you have more than one page of data points press PRESS the F2 NEXT PAGE key To return to a previous page of data points press the PRESS FI PREV PAGE key You are now ready to proceed with your next sounding or profile SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Entering notes Entering notes During the course of your soundings or profiles you may wa
16. the line frequency notch filter to use the sleep time adjustment of the real time clock and connection to an internal GPS unit SETUP PRESS 1 Press the SETUP key to access the Setup screen ABC SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 11 Instrument Setup Cable setup m The following screen will then appear SETUP HEHU im EXCESS Transmitter Options ae A at Presets Service GPS Clock Select ti GoTo Enter OK The Cable screen allows you to choose which imaging or sounding cable that you want to use c S In the Setup screen press the arrow keys to bring your cursor to the cables icon The word Cables will then be highlighted as illustrated below PRESS Enters Press the Enter key to access the cables screen SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Set up screen The following screen will then appear CABLE oF EZ Select Delete OK Sel ti GoTo Enter Exit F5 You have then the choice to either select a cable read a new cable delete an existing cable from the list of available cables or copy an existing cable for editing SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 11 Instrument Setup Selecting a cable nF E When your power up your SARIS and if you have a multi electrode cable module in place it will automatically recognize the cable connected to it and enter the cable and its parameters in the list o
17. In order to indicate the magnitude of the I P effects one may measure one or more characteristics of the transient decay curve and relate it back to the amplitude of the measured primary steady state voltage prior to the interception of the primary current It may be shown that the ratio is Vs Vp i e peak polarization voltage to the primary voltage just before interception is a physical property of the medium which has been called the Chargeability of the medium Since it has been demonstrated that most I P decay voltages are similar in form but differ in amplitude for the same charging time one can take the average of several transient voltages at different times or indeed use the time integral of the transient voltages as a diagnostic criterion The advantage of averaging or integrating lies in the suppression of earth noises and of electromagnetic coupling effects The chargeability is often designated by the letter M If the time integral is used the units of M will be in millivolt seconds volt or milliseconds If one or more transient voltage values are measured and normalized M will be dimensionless For homogeneous isotropic material the value of M is independent of the shape or size of the volume tested and of the location of the electrodes on it It is a true physical property For a given medium it is dependent on the current charging time and on the precise parameter of the decay curve SARIS Manual part 735700
18. Port USB Host Driver Mimimum system requirements A Important The SCTUTIL Scintrex Utilities program will not function in a Windows 3 x environment The Minimum requirements for your PC are as follows WINDOWS 95 or better 8 MB of RAM 3MB of Hard Disk space SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 1 Getting Started Resetting the SARIS AN PRESS Important Should your SARIS lock up i e that it does not respond to any keystroke press the OFF key and hold for approximately five seconds The instrument will then reset itself However your data will not be lost Resetting the default parameters A PRESS AND PRESS Important In the extremely rare event that your database becomes corrupted also see Trouble shooting on page 4 7 you will have to reset your SARIS to the default parameters However this will erase entirely your data list of cables and presets To reset the SARIS to the default parameters First shut the SARIS off by pressing the Off key press the Tx Stop and On keys together The unit will then reset itself to the default parameter setting and all data list of cables and presets will be erased SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Instrument Setup Set up screen Before you can initiate a resistivity survey you must adjust certain parameters such as the cables if any that will be used the transmitted current settings
19. Replace fuse as per Fuse pack replacement on page 4 4 Screen is Contrast is not Press the ENTER key press completely dark adjusted properly CONTRAST key and press F2 or light 50 key Unit does not Reset the unit by pressing and holding the OFF key until unit shuts off Press the ON key respond to any keystroke no keys will respond Number of Reset the unit to default database errors parameters by pressing the ON and Tx Stop keys together corrected is less than number of errors detected However caution must be applied in this case since this will erase your data entirely Unit shuts off Low battery Charge battery as per Charging immediately after procedure on page 4 3 ON key is pressed Display flickers Low battery Charge battery as per Charging and unit shuts procedure on page 4 3 off a uDUaJUIDW SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 11 Maintenance and Trouble shooting Problem Data does not dump Possible cause RS 232 or USB cable is not connected to SARIS RS 232 or USB cable is not connected to PC File transfer program is not installed properly Possible solution Connect cable as per Dumping data on page 3 39 Connect cable as per Dumping data on page 3 39 Check installation of SCTUTIL program as per Installing SCTUTIL on page C 2 Unit will not recognize automated cables Multi electrode interface mod
20. consider a screen that has both types of fields In the Transmitter SetUp screen you can select the operating options for the transmitted current T With the SARIS turned on press the SETUP key to PRESS P access the Set Up screen SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 About the instrument The following screen will then appear SETUP MEHU E Eo n EAE Transmitter options Presets Service GPS Clock Select ti Goto Enter t Press the arrow keys to bring your cursor to the D transmitter icon The word Transmitter will then be highlighted as illustrated below PRESS Emera Press the Enter key SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Getting Started The following screen will then appear TRANSMITTER PARAMETERS SETUP ma Min Current ma Noise threshold Mox fast measur time sec Max IP cycles EDIT Sel ti Cha PRESS Press the F3 key to toggle between the Function mode and the edit mode When in the EDIT mode the word EDIT will be highlighted as illustrated below SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 e SURVEY PRESS 2 DEF PRESS PRESS 1O About the instrument Fields with preset values Press the up or down arrow keys to bring your cursor to the maximum current parameter Press the right or left arrow key to set the value of the maximum curr
21. constant intervals therefore using a preset list of positions in imaging is redundant the next position is attained simply by incrementing from the keypad In the Setup screen press the arrow keys to bring your cursor to the presets icon The word Presets will then be highlighted as illustrated below PRESS Emera e Press the Enter key to access the presets menu SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Instrument Setup The following screen will then appear PRESET x7 Select Delete OK Sel ti GoTo Enter Exit F5 You have then the choice to either select a preset already created create a new preset delete an existing preset from the list of available presets or copy an existing preset for editing SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Set up screen 7 Creating a new preset H H LI lE During the course of your survey you may want to create a new preset list of electrode positions In the Preset screen press the arrow keys to bring your cursor to the New icon The word New will then be highlighted as illustrated below Press the Enter key The following screen will then appear HEU PRESET Nome od Ho points POSITS FUNCT EDIT CANCEL SAVE Sel ti Cha SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Instrument Setup eo PRESS e You will then be prompted to enter th
22. consumable items is warranted against defects in materials and workmanship for a period of one year from the date of shipment from our plant Should any defects become evident under normal use during the warranty period Scintrex will make the necessary repairs free of charge This warranty does not cover damage due to misuse or accident and may be voided if the instrument console is opened or tampered with by persons not authorized by Scintrex Repair When to ship the unit Please do not ship your instrument for repair until have communicated the nature of the problem to our Customer Service Department by e mail telephone facsimile or correspondence Our Customer Service Department may suggest certain simple tests or steps for you to do which may solve your problem without the time and expense involved in shipping the instrument back to Scintrex for repair If the problem cannot be resolved our personnel will request that you send the instrument to our plant for the necessary repairs Description of the problem When you describe the problem please include the following information the symptoms of the problem how the problem started if the problem is constant intermittent or repeatable if constant under what conditions does it occur e any printouts demonstrating the problem SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Reference Information Shipping instructions No instrument will be accepted for repair u
23. following positions 0 5 1 0 1 5 2 0 3 0 4 0 6 0 8 0 12 0 16 0 24 0 32 0 48 0 64 0 96 0 128 0 and 192 0 metres Schlumberger resistances are calculated for AB 2 of 1 0 1 5 2 0 3 0 4 0 6 0 8 0 12 0 16 0 24 0 32 0 48 0 64 0 96 0 128 0 and 192 0 metres using the following table PITT J2SHO AB 2 m MN 2 m 1 0 0 25 1 0 0 5 2 0 0 5 3 0 0 5 4 0 0 5 4 0 1 0 6 0 1 0 8 0 1 0 12 0 1 0 12 0 3 0 16 0 3 0 24 0 3 0 32 0 3 0 48 0 3 0 SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 11 4 Offset Wenner Sounding AB 2 m MN 2 m 48 0 16 0 64 0 16 0 96 0 16 0 128 0 16 0 128 0 32 0 192 0 32 0 Table A 2 Equivalence table for MN 2 and AB 2 for the SCS 192 cable An intermediate Wenner resistance is calculated for 128 0 metres SCS 384 Cable System Part no 735035 This system consists of two 384m sounding cables with 19 takeouts This system consists of two 192m sounding cables with 17 takeouts at the following positions 0 5 1 0 1 5 2 0 3 0 4 0 6 0 8 0 12 0 16 0 24 0 32 0 48 0 64 0 96 0 128 0 and 192 0 metres Schlumberger resistances are calculated for AB 2 of 1 0 1 5 2 0 3 0 4 0 6 0 8 0 12 0 16 0 24 0 32 0 48 0 64 0 96 0 128 0 and 192 0 metres using the following table AB 2 m MN 2 m 1 0 0 25 1 0 0 5 SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 AB 2 m MN 2 m 2 0 0 5 3 0 0 5 4 0 0 5
24. imaging The following caption illustrates how data obtained from a Wenner electrical imaging survey is plotted as a pseudo section A B a 30 m m Figure 1 Building a Wenner pseudo section A first profile with a fundamental a spacing of 10 metres is first carried out black Then the a spacing is increased to 20 metres and a second profile is carried out blue Finally a spacing is increased to 30 metres and a second profile is carried out red The data points are then plotted on a pseudo section and contoured Data thus obtained data would resemble the following pseudo section a EAT a Figure 2 Wenner pseudo section Once this pseudo section is obtained a true resistivity section must be produced in order to relate to the true geological section Several inversion programs are available on the market Two such programs are well suited for SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 the SARIS they are RES2DINV from M H Loke www geoelectrical com and RESIXIP2DI from Interpex Limited www interpex com The following caption illustrates the inversion results obtained from the field data illustrated in figure 2 E SO Hc rd Varas amies hu i i my mai ian iu L P enini s cii LP ee Ti 1 bebe miii yop hiad Field Pe imc n iepa Made Faris ass aS 009 s E GN ON Gam L 1 1 zi J Hi E Frei d ia a ica i wi cic ies
25. in both methods Similar remarks apply to capacitive and inductive coupling effects between current and potential cables although such effects can be largely avoided in any event by careful positioning of the cables except possibly in drill hole surveying So far only in the time domain may useful drill hole measurements be made with both current and potential electrodes lying side by side in a small diameter borehole An individual geologist or geophysicist may have had his first acquaintance with or instruction in the I P method using either the time domain or frequency domain He becomes familiar with the arrays used and with the method of presentation of data employed Thereafter he tends to resist switching to the other domain in the belief that not only will he have to deal with different geophysical equipment and electrode arrays but also with different quantities presented in quite a different fashion This is erroneous So far as arrays are concerned the time domain uses them all dipole dipole pole dipole three electrode Wenner and gradient Schlumberger The frequency domain commonly uses only the first two and is restricted from using the latter two because of interline coupling effects Of the quantities measured in both domains the resistivity is of course the same making due allowance for units The time domain Chargeability is normally very nearly proportional to the Percent Frequency Effect or P F E The so cal
26. ionic and electronic conduction In normal rocks the current which flows under the action of an impressed E M F does so by virtue of ionic conduction in the electrolyte in the capillaries of the rock There are however certain rock forming minerals which have a measure of electronic conduction and these include almost all the metallic sulfides except sphalerite graphite some coals some oxides such as magnetite and pyrolusite native metals and some arsenides and other minerals with a metallic lustre When these are present in a rock subjected to an impressed E M F current will be caused to flow across capillary mineral interfaces and hydrogen and oxygen overvoltages will be established Figure 1 is a simplified representation of what happens to an electronic conducting particle in a rock under the influence of current flow SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 POUuLeW di The Induced Polarization Method arr Figure 1 Induced Polarization Response of a Metallic Conducting Particle in a Rock Despite attempts by various workers to investigate the source of non metallic I P in rocks an adequate explanation of all observed effects is still lacking A number of possible contributory agents have been established Vacquier Vacquier et al 1957 has carefully examined strong polarization effects due to certain types of clay minerals These effects he believed to be related to electrodialysis of the clay part
27. method These techniques can yield essentially equivalent information but do not always do so Instrumentation and field procedures using both techniques have evolved considerably over the past two decades Much theoretical information for quantitative interpretation has been accumulated POW di SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 11 The Induced Polarization Method All naturally occurring sulfides of metallic lustre some oxides and graphite give marked induced polarization responses when present in sufficient volume even when such materials occur in low concentrations and in the form of discrete non interconnected particles Induced Polarization is the only method presently available which has general application to the direct detection of disseminated sulfide deposits such as porphyry type or bedded copper deposits and bedded lead zinc deposits in carbonate rocks A number of case histories are documented where standard geoelectrical and other geophysical methods failed to yield an indication of sulfide mineralization by the induced polarization method Each rock and soil type exhibits appreciable induced polarization response usually confined to a relatively low amplitude range which is characteristic of the specific rock or soil Certain clays and platey minerals including serpentine sericite and chlorite sometimes give rise to abnormally high responses These effects are attributed largely to so called mem
28. notes 0 ccc cece cee eee eee eee eh hh hh hmm nn 3 27 Recording notes 22 nell ve gle eee ede el CRI eq ooo hoster deat 3 28 Recording notes using the pre defined list of notes 3 28 Recording notes using available macroS 0 0 aurana 3 30 Recording manually entered notes 0 eee eee eee 3 33 Recalling d ta 5 29 hb kr thy ek xm RR ka kh EROR RR CR ra RR dpa a 3 34 Scrolling through your surveys sslseeeee e 3 35 Scrolling through your soundings and profiles 0 200 00a 3 36 Dumping data 0 cece eee hh hh hh hn 3 39 Dumping data from your SARIS using the USB port 3 39 Dumping data using the RS 232 port 0 0 c ee eee eee 3 44 Setting the communication parameters iles 3 45 Memory Clear 0 c ccc cee cece ee eee eee eee eee hn hn 3 53 Maintenance and Trouble shooting Customer serviCe 22x23 ned nior m ue Roe RE Laie aetna wie 4 1 Battery charging 0 0 ccc eee eee eee n Rn hh hh hn 4 3 Charging procedure sssseeseseseeee nn 4 3 Basic maintenance vice cid cede bah aac RERO eee RA ERR 4 4 Fuse replacement 0 00 cece eee nn 4 4 Console disassembly and reassembly 0 000 e cece eee eee 4 6 Trouble shooting 0 0 0 cece eee eee eee eee nnm nnn 4 7 Saris operation error messages 2 ccs 4 9 Inversion routine error MESSAGES 2 eee 4 10 SARIS Manual part 73
29. response Decay curve analysis Any normal transient time domain polarization decay and equivalently any curve of variation of apparent resistivity with frequency may be simulated by means of a mixture of metallic conductors of a suitable particle size distribution It is however possible in an area of common geology that the various possible sources of LP responses may have significantly different characteristic curves in each of these two domains A more thorough analysis of these curves at significant points is therefore of value Modern receivers in both domains Figures 5 and 7 have the ability to give curve form information as well as a single quantity related to an LP amplitude Komarov 1967 documents such an example over a copper nickel deposit in the U S S R where effectively the sulfide responses have a longer time constant than the normal non metallic polarization An important source influencing I P measurements is the electromagnetic response of the earth For a given electrode array the electromagnetic effect is dependent upon the frequency times the conductivity and the square of the spacing In the frequency domain this source becomes troublesome communication from P G Hallof when 1 The electrode spacing is 500 ft or over and n 3 or greater 2 The highest frequency employed is 2 5 c p s or greater 3 The average earth resistivity is lower than about 25 ohm metres SARIS Manual part 735700
30. 0 GMT Tel 1 940 591 7755 Fax 1 940 591 1968 e mail scintrexusa compuserve com a uUDUaJUIDW SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 11 5 Maintenance and Trouble shooting Australia from 7 30 AM to 5 00 PM from 21 30 to 3 00 GMT Tel 61 7 3376 5188 Fax 61 7 3376 6626 e mail Auslog auslog com au SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Battery charging Battery charging The battery pack in the SARIS is a high capacity 24 Volts 8 Ah gel cell pack Depending on field conditions you may be able to carry out your surveys without having to recharge the battery pack for several days However recharging your batteries every day is a good practice Optimum charging is done at room temperature Warning AN NEVER CHARGE A BATTERY AT EXTREMELY COLD TEMPERATURES THIS COULD RESULT IN AN EXPLOSION OF YOUR BATTERY PACK Charging procedure 1 CONNECT the battery charger to the SARIS battery pack a uDUaJUIDW 2 CONNECT your battery charger in the wall outlet SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Maintenance and Trouble shooting Basic maintenance Your SARIS is a virtually maintenance free instrument However there are some small components that may have to be replaced from time to time Fuse replacement The battery pack fuse is located in the center of the top portion of the battery pack 1 Detach the battery pack from the electronics console SARIS Manu
31. 0c eee eee 2 57 Reading coordinates with the GPS module 20 0 ee eee 2 58 Survey parameter setup 0 ttt 2 59 Survey array setup 0 eens 2 64 Sounding arrayS 2 eee 2 65 Proltiling arays rd a ace E wails ee REID eee 2a owed eee ale dx x 2 66 Borehole logging arrays sls 2 67 Survey cable setup 2 ete ttt eae 2 68 Field Operation Field setup cisci xh cede eee ee Re eae 3 2 SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Manual SUVCY i Sed bee ee ean bee De bade RI adda ees 3 2 Automated SUEY x eae kasas etaa nuaa Ea a Khare Rar Rd Fe ee 3 3 Resistivity surveys eese hh n hh hh nnn 3 4 Example 1 Schlumberger sounding 0 e cece eee eee eee 3 5 Automated Cable 22i creer tein dean ee ie paw II AR EATUR gee 3 8 Preset table of positions 0 2 c eee eee 3 8 Manual entry of electrode positions llle 3 8 Starting a Schlumberger sounding 0 0 e cece eee eee ee 3 10 Performing the next measurement Schlumberger sounding 3 11 Inverting your Schlumberger sounding lisse eee eee eee 3 13 Example 2 Wenner profiling llli 3 16 Automated cable 0 0 tees 3 20 Manual entry of electrode positions llle 3 20 Beginning a Wenner profile llle 3 22 Performing the next measurement Wenner profile 3 24 Viewing your Wenner profile results llle 3 25 Entering
32. 3 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 South American 1969 Ecuador Baltra Galapagos South American 1969 Guyana South American 1969 Paraguay South American 1969 Peru South American 1969 Trinidad amp Tobago South American 1969 Venezuela South Asia Singapore Tananarive Observatory 1925 Madagascar Timbalai 1948 Brunei East Malaysia Sabah Sarawak Tokyo MEAN FOR Japan Korea Okinawa Tokyo Japan Tokyo Korea Tokyo Okinawa Tristan Astro 1968 Tristan da Cunha Viti Levu 1916 Fiji Viti Levu Island Wake Eniwetok 1960 Marshall Islands Wake Island Astro 1952 Wake Atoll WGS 1972 Global Definition Yacare Uruguay Zanderij Suriname SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 1 4 SARIS GPS Datums SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Index A Arrow keys 1 7 Automated cables 1 28 Battery charging 4 3 Borehole Logging arrays choosing 2 67 C Cable detecting a new cable 2 7 Cables Automated 1 28 creating a virtual cable 2 15 to 2 21 daisy chaining 2 10 entering name 2 12 2 17 2 32 2 40 Number of sections 2 13 2 18 setup 2 2 to 2 21 Type of 2 12 2 18 CANCEL Key 1 7 Chapter layout scheme 1 2 Clock adjusting the 2 53 Components list 5 5 Console 1 6 disassembly and reassembly 4 6 electronics 1 6 Contrast adjusting the 1 10 manually set values 1 11 preset values 1 11 CONTRA
33. 5700 Revision 1 1 e o9 o A o e E o9 e v Reference Information Saris technical specifications llle 5 1 Saris system components list 60 eee 5 5 Warranty and repalt 1 5 55 olii rar rer ee ee an n hh rh 5 7 Warranty ee xc EU ERE oa bee a beeper aaa AE ey EOS 5 7 Repa iei Emo dakdd UN RE HIC oe bad senta 5 7 Shipping instructions 0 000 cece III 5 8 Appendix A Offset Wenner Sounding Offset Wenner Theory rie bii Go exei EEA E eque v RN Eois Kus A 1 Technical Description of the Offset Sounding amp Schlumberger Cables A 3 SCS 64 Cable System Part no 735030 llli c eee ee ees A 4 SCS 128 Cable System Part no 735031 0 2 cee eee eee A 4 SCS 256 Cable System Part no 735032 0 0 cee eee eee A 5 SCS 96 Cable System Part no 735033 0000 c eee A 5 SCS 192 Cable System Part no 735034 0 00 ee A 7 SCS 384 Cable System Part no 735035 2 00 eee A 8 Bibliography 26 6 icici eae rhy hy mex don Ron RR ER Ra ee ew Rd A 11 Appendix B Imaging Techniques Introductiohi ilicis diac ora kn 38 eee ea dee AGRO BOR nade B 1 Example Wenner array 20 00 cece eee eee eee eee hh hh hn B 1 Appendix C Scintrex Utilities Program Installing SCTUTIL 1 22222 Re emer Ruex x Ra eee ka tee ve ee C 2 Reprogramming your SARIS 0c eee eee eee eee nnn C 9 Using the RS 232 cable to upgrade
34. 61 Within the survey parameter setup screen press the PRESS FI ARRAY LIST key to access the Array Setup screen If you had previously chosen Sounding as your survey method in the survey parameter setup screen the following screen will then appear SOUNDING SELECT Schlumberser Soundings Wenner Soundins Dipole Dipole Soundins Select ti Chanse FH Exit FS Proceed to Sounding arrays on page 2 65 SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 e Survey screen If you had previously chosen Profiling as your survey method in the survey parameter setup screen the following screen will then appear PROFILE SELECT Wenner Profile Dipole Dipole Profile Pole Dipole Profile Pole Pole Axial Profile Pole Pole Lateral Profile Schlumberser Profile Gradient Profi le User Profile HARK OK Select t Chanse FH Exit FS Proceed to Profiling arrays on page 2 66 Note You can also toggle between sounding and profiling by pressing the F1 key The borehole logging parameters are accessed by pressing the F2 key Sounding arrays Press the up or down arrow keys to bring the cursor to either sounding array The array will then be highlighted as illustrated below Wenner Sounding SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Instrument Setup PRESS PRESS c Gp PRESS SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 To select this sounding array press t
35. A ge Bh See wl 5 TRAHSENT VOLTAGE WEVE FOR ith M 2s LJ vs Dabo 7 FI IER Figure 18 Operation of Scintrex Mk VII newmont type I P system The usual amplitude measurement performed by these receivers consists of an integration of the area under the transient curve over a specified interval after the interruption of the primary current and is designated by the letter M the chargeability namely 0 45 seconds to 1 1 seconds The 0 45 second delay time allows most E M transients switching transients and interline coupling effects to disappear prior to the making of the measurement Different measuring intervals may be employed under specific conditions In addition to M the Newmont type MK VII receiver is equipped to measure a quantity L which is defined as the time integral of the area over the transient curve for a specified time interval taking as reference voltage the transient voltage value at the beginning of the time interval In practice the interval selected is 0 45 seconds to 1 75 seconds as shown on Figure 18 although different intervals may be employed under certain conditions SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 POuLeW di The Induced Polarization Method The ratio of L M is taken as a sensitive indication of transient curve shape It has been well established by many tens of thousands of I P measurements with these systems in many parts of the world that the L M measuremen
36. ARIS lslssseseleseeee res 1 10 Adjusting the contrast 0 0 0 eect III 1 10 Preset contrast valueS 2 0 2 cee eee 1 11 Manually set contrast values llli 1 11 On line display screens 1 0 2 0 0c teens 1 13 On line help eticii rukea ARP RR baad 24 wes RR ra REE at 1 13 System information sssessselseee en 1 14 Keyboard operatloris cose P kepsek be Rr IR vue Peewee ds 1 16 Entering values in fields llle 1 16 Fields with preset values 1 1 0 2 0 0 cece eee B 1 19 Alphanumeric entry example 1 l l eese 1 19 Alphanumeric entry example 2 0 0 00 cece eee 1 20 VOUP SUFVEY iussis eor teen RORRCRORORUCAOREUE a eine Ree oe noe ee ae 1 23 Sounding configuration 2 2 0 ete ee 1 23 Profiling configuration lise IRI 1 25 Automated soundings and profiles 0 00 0 cece e eee eee eee eee 1 28 Dumping data cece e eh hh hh hh hn 1 29 SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 e o9 o A o 2 E M 3 Dumping data in USB e re Ir RR ex Rx eee 1 29 Mimimum system requirements sseeeeeee n nn nnn 1 29 Resetting the SARIS 55e these EIE ELU KURSE Ser oan eine Ea kar as 1 30 Resetting the default parameters seeeeeeeee enne 1 30 Instrument Setup Set up Screen iuste esae ee bbs ere eie cg oe wee fe ORE Redes 2 1 Cable Setup pP DD 2 2 Selecting a cable 1 0 0
37. Chanse Ti Fi 4 Exit FS Enter Important N Polarizing sunglasses may prevent you from seeing the screen it will appear as all dark SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 PRESS PRESS PRESS ECCE EY About the instrument Preset contrast values The preset contrast values are 30 50 70 and 90 contrast The default value for the contrast is 50 To set the contrast to 30 press the F1 key To set the contrast to 50 press the F2 key To set the contrast to 70 press the F3 key To set the contrast to 90 press the F4 key Manually set contrast values The user can also manually set the contrast on a scale of 1 to 16 from lighest to darkest To increase the contrast you can press any of the keys illustrated on the left To decrease the contrast you can press any of the keys illustrated on the left SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Getting Started PRESS Press the F5 key to exit the Contrast Adjustment screen SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 About the instrument On line display screens In addition to the Contrast Screen previously described there are two other on line display screens These screens can be accessed at any time during the operation of the SARIS On line help The help key line allows you to access help topics about the current screen being displayed HELP PRESS 5 To access the on line Help screen press the HELP MNO
38. DUMP 6 PQR 1 8 East 1 9 Emergency Stop 1 7 Enter 1 7 F1 to F5 1 7 Function Alphanumeric 1 8 HELP 5 MNO 1 8 INFO 7 STU 1 8 MEMORY 3 GHI 1 8 North 1 9 NOTE 8 VWX 1 8 Off 1 7 On 1 7 Reading 1 8 RECALL 9 YZ 1 9 SETUP 1 ABC 1 8 Sounding Profile 1 7 South 1 9 SURVEY 2 DEF 1 8 West 1 9 L Line frequency adjusting the 2 27 Macros defining 3 30 to 3 31 using 3 31 to 3 32 Maximum current adjusting the 2 23 Maximum measurement time adjusting the 2 13 2 18 2 24 Maximum number of IP cycles adjusting the 2 25 Memory clearing the 3 53 to 3 54 size 1 5 MEMORY 3 GHI Key 1 8 Minimum current adjusting the 2 23 Modules multi electrode interface 1 6 power supply 1 6 N Noise threshold adjusting the 2 24 North Key 1 9 NOTE 8 VWX Key 1 8 Notes entering 3 27 to 3 33 recording 3 28 to 3 33 manually entered notes 3 33 using available macros 3 30 to 3 32 using pre defined list of fea tures 3 28 to 3 29 Numeric parameters entering 1 7 O Off key 1 7 Offices addresses 2 46 to 2 47 Offset Wenner interpolation 2 28 On Key 1 7 On Time 2 63 On line screens HELP 1 13 to 1 14 system information 1 14 to 1 15 Operation principles 1 5 P Page Numbering 1 1 Parameter Altitude of grid reference point 2 57 Altitude of profile reference point 3 17 Altitude of sounding reference point 3 6 Apparent resistivity 3 11 3 23 Azimuth of grid system 2 57 Azimuth of profile 3 17 Azimuth of sounding 3 6 Base spacing 3 18
39. ECT key The preset will then be selected as illustrated below xc MGS To show the positions of this preset press the F3 SHOW key The following screen will then appear PRESET PARAMETERS Hame MGS Type SCHLUM Ho Points 26 Spacing RANDOM POSI Deletable YES OK Exit FS Enter SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 PRESS PRESS PRESS Set up screen Note You cannot edit preset parameters these are illustrated for information purposes only Press the F3 POSITS key to access the position table As an example a completed Schlumberger 10 position preset table would resemble the following PRESET POINT POSITIONS Ho ab 2 m mn 2 m 3 da tp 0 74 an E o3 3 PERS cn bh cw cnicen enlcn Pase Fi F2 Exit F5 Note If your table contains more than 10 electrode positions you will be able to scroll through the pages by using either the F2 NEXT PAGE or FI PREV PAGE keys Press the F5 OK key to return to the Preset Parameters screen To exit the Preset Parameters screen press the F5 OK key to return to the Preset List screen SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Instrument Setup PRESS After having selected an acceptable preset table press the F5 OK key to return to the Preset screen SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 e Set up screen Copying a prese
40. ESS Resistivity surveys Inverting your Schlumberger sounding To view the sounding curve press the F5 GRAPH key within the measurement screen A typical sounding curve should resemble the following illustration zn EBIDLIISEEEEEENNO 50 2560 n m Eaa INVERT SHOW LAYERS EH t E i I py Ea E 1 E m To obtain the layered resistivity values press the F1 INVERT key You will then be prompted to choose the number of estimated layers This can be any number from 0 to 5 Should you choose 0 the SARIS will define the optimum number of layers for you SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 uolpssdo Field Operation PRESS 1 The inversion results will then be displayed as follows d kote m rn iek tn XL eres 1 11 GE 1194 E E3 Note The inversion algorithm of the SARIS called ISSETAB does not use a starting model Only the field data is necessary You can invert your sounding data by using other inversion programs currently available on the market ISSETAB was developed by Daniel Doucet Consulting Geophysicist To illustrate the sounding curve without the layer parameters press the F SSHOW LAYERS key Complete address Daniel Doucet Bureau 104 30 rue des Violettes 76350 Oissel FRANCE tel 33 608 05 98 40 SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Resistivity surveys The sounding curve alone will th
41. Easting 2 57 Easting of sounding reference point 3 6 Ist Station X 3 18 Grid System 2 60 SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Line direction 3 17 Line position Y 3 17 Maximum n 3 18 Northing 2 57 Northing of sounding reference point 3 6 Numeric parameters entering 1 7 On time 2 63 Optional parameters 2 56 to 2 58 Header 2 57 reference point 2 57 Ro 3 11 3 23 Scan mode 3 7 3 18 SD 3 11 3 23 Self potential 3 11 3 23 setting up the survey parameters 2 59 to 2 68 SP 3 11 3 23 Standard deviation 3 11 3 23 Station step 3 18 Survey 2 55 to 2 56 Transmitted current 3 11 3 23 TxI 3 11 3 23 Units 2 60 UTM difference 2 58 UTM Zone 2 58 Waveform IP 2 62 squarewave 2 62 Powering up your SARIS 1 10 Preset copying a 2 39 to 2 42 creating a new preset 2 31 to 2 34 deleting a 2 43 to 2 44 parameters SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 selecting a 2 35 to 2 38 setup 2 29 to 2 44 type of 2 32 Profile Key 1 7 Profiling Wenner setting electrode positions 3 20 starting a profile 3 22 taking a next measurement 3 24 viewing the results 3 25 Wenner example 2 3 16 to 3 26 Profiling arrays 1 25 to 1 27 choosing 2 66 R Reading key 1 8 RECALL 9 YZ Key 1 9 Recalling data 3 34 to 3 38 Reprogramming your SARIS C 9 to C 12 Resetting the SARIS 1 30 4 7 Resetting the SARIS to the default pa rameters 1 30 4 7 S Scan Warnings enabling the 2 27 Screens Clock 2 53 to 2 54 GPS 2 50 to 2 52
42. ITIONS Ho ab 2 m mn 2 m 3 1 FUHCT EDIT cn 0 74 m CR E C3 ND u 1 1 1 1 1 d zB d J J Sel tl Chs Enter SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Instrument Setup Note 3 If your table contains more than 10 electrode positions you will be able to scroll through the pages by using either the F2 NEXT PAGE or F1 PREV PAGE keys PRESS Press the F5 OK key to return to the New Preset screen PRESS Press the F5 SAVE key to save the new preset table of positions and return to the Preset screen SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Set up screen Selecting a preset aE If you have already entered and saved a preset list of electrode positions you can now use it as you would a cable In the Preset screen press the arrow keys to bring your cursor to the Select icon The word Select will then be highlighted as illustrated below Press the Enter key to access the list of available presets A list of available presets will then appear similar to the following screen PRESET LIST Select ti F1 2 Exit FS SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Instrument Setup e PRESS PRESS Press the up or down arrow keys to bring the cursor to the chosen preset The preset will then be highlighted as illustrated below MGS To select this preset press the F4 SEL
43. Options 2 26 to 2 28 Service 2 45 to 2 49 Set up 2 1 to 2 2 Survey 2 55 to 2 68 Transmitter 2 22 to 2 25 SCTUTIL program Important notice 1 29 installing C 2 to C 8 installing USB driver C 13 to C 25 Minimum system requirements 1 29 Setup array 2 64 to 2 66 cables 2 68 field setup 3 2 to 3 3 automated survey 3 3 manual survey 3 2 to 3 3 SETUP 1 ABC Key 1 8 Shipping instructions 5 8 to 5 10 Sleep time adjusting the 2 27 Software upgrading the software version 2 48 C 9 to C 12 Sounding arrays 1 23 to 1 25 choosing 2 65 Sounding Key 1 7 Soundings Schlumberger example 1 3 5 to 3 15 inverting the sounding 3 13 setting electrode positions 3 8 starting a sounding 3 10 taking a next measurement 3 11 scrolling through 3 36 to 3 38 South Key 1 9 Start value adjusting the 2 14 2 19 SURVEY 1 DEF Key 1 8 Symbols 1 3 T Technical specifications 5 1 Trouble shooting 4 7 to 4 8 Type styles scheme 1 2 U Units 2 60 Upgrading software version 2 48 C 9 to C 12 USB Dumping data 3 39 to 3 44 Important notice 1 29 V Virtual cable creating a virtual cable 2 15 to 2 21 W Warning USB requirements 1 29 Warranty and repair 5 7 to 5 10 Waveform 2 62 West Key 1 9 SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Head Office 222 Snidercroft Road Concord Ontario Canada L4K 1B5 tel 905 669 2280 fax 905 669 6403 e mail E scintrex idsdetection com In
44. PRESS PRESS PRESS PRESS INFO STU amp E About the instrument and the flashing cursor will move into the data field as illustrated below lied River p PARAMETER DATA FIELD To enter a new survey name press the F2 key This will clear the data field Key in the desired survey name this can be any alphanumeric value up to 19 characters long For instance if you were to write Test as the survey name you would first press the F1 key until CAPS LOCK is on in order to get uppercase characters as illustrated below CAPS LOCK HU off Then press the STU key until you obtain the letter T To return to lowercase press the F1 key again to toggle back to lowercase characters CAPS LOCK will then be set to off as illustrated below CAPS LOCK on Ei To advance your cursor press the right arrow key SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 1 Getting Started SURVEY PRESS 2 Press the 2 DEF key until you obtain the letter e DEF PRESS Press the right arrow key to advance your cursor INFO PRESS 7 Press the 7 STU key until you obtain the letter s STU PRESS Press the right arrow key to advance your cursor INFO PRESS 7 Press the 7 STU key until you obtain the letter t STU PRESS Press the ENTER key to acknowledge your choice When you are finished editing the parameter press ERESS the F3 key to exit the EDIT mode SARIS Manual part 735700 Rev
45. Processing stopped by user after obtaining niter iteration results SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 EPITET ETES Reference Information Saris technical specifications Saris Specifications Output Transmitter 100W minimum in both 100Q and 2500Q Output Power loads Output Current 1 0 Amp minimum into 100Q load Current Regulation None unregulated utput urrent measurement Output X 1 25 accuracy 3 Output Voltage 500V into 2500Q load SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 11 14 Reference Information Saris Specifications Continued Input Receiver Input Resistance Input Voltage Dynamic Range Maximum Input Voltage Input Voltage Measurement Accuracy Input Voltage Resolution Input Dynamic Range Noise Rejection SP Compensation Resistivity Measurement Cycle Time Number of cycles Resistivity accuracy IP Number of IP windows Position of IP windows Chargeability Units IP Chargeability Resolution Environmental SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 11 MQ nominal 40V 1000VDC max 5 seconds 0 5 0 6 u Volt 156 dB 98 dB 50 60Hz power line rejection 1V 5 or 6 Hz acccroding to power line frequency for Resistivity 1 2 4 or 8 seconds ON Time for time domain IP Automatic 1 to oo 1 measured in 2500Q load 4 See Saris IP Window specifications on page 5 4 mV V 0 1 mV V Saris Specifications Continued Op
46. Revision 1 1 POUuLeW di The Induced Polarization Method measured There are also subsidiary variations with temperatures and electrolyte content etc The Frequency Domain Method Figure 3 shows typical curves of the variation of normalized resistivities with frequency for various sulfides graphite and iron metallic rock minerals in artificial mixtures Both the fact of the variation of apparent resistivity with frequency and the presence of phase angle lags may be used to indicate the presence of I P effects although generally only the first is so employed Feausamar ot Figure 3 Resistivity frequency Characteristics of Metallic and Non metallic Minerals after Wait 1959 Since the I P phenomena may be shown to be linear within the usual range of voltages and currents there is a direct relationship between the transient curve form and the variation of apparent resistivity with frequency To arrive at a dimensionless parameter equivalent to the chargeability one would have to normalize the apparent resistivity by dividing by the resistivity at one particular frequency The factor used is called the Percent Frequency Effect or P F E and is defined as R1 R2 R1 x 100 where R1 and R2 are the apparent resistivities at the lower and higher frequencies used Marshall 1959 A second parameter is sometimes employed which is really a mixture of physical properties It is called the Metal Factor M F and is pro
47. Revision 1 1 Electromagnetic effects are present in the time domain measurements as well of course but are usually of lesser amplitude for the same array and earth conductivity because the effective frequencies employed in the time domain are considerably lower commonly 0 03 to 0 125 c p s In the extreme the electromagnetic response of a conducting earth may seriously interfere with useful I P measurements in either domain In the time domain I P measurements commonly only a single amplitude at a specific time after current interruption or an average amplitude over an interval of time after the current interruption is used to characterize the transient decay curve and act as a measure of the induced polarization characteristics of the medium in question It has been known since 1950 that useful secondary information is available in the shape of the transient decay curve associated with time domain induced polarization measurements Equivalent remarks may be made in respect of frequency domain measurements where instead of measuring the average slope of resistivity frequency over one decade of frequency more information is obtained about the shape of this curve The type of information inherent in the curve shape relates primarily to two factors a average metallic particle size associated with the source of an anomalous I P response and b the presence of electromagnetic transients arising from highly conducting geologic u
48. S Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 uolpssdo Field Operation PRESS SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Beginning a Wenner profile Within the Wenner Profile electrode setup screen press the FS INJECT key to start injecting current Note In case of an emergency you can interrupt the injection of current either by pressing and holding the Tx Stop key until an acknowledgement message appears This will shut down the transmitter and the measurement will be discarded or By pressing the F4 STOP key you will stop the reading at the end of the current cycle Once you have pressed the F4 STOP key you can accept or reject the reading Waveform Apparent resistivity Standard deviation I sp 8 8 n m Transmitted current Self Potential Resistivity surveys After the maximum measurement time is attained or the signal dispersion gets below the noise threshold the measurement will automatically stop The unit will then display the following message as well as the reading within the following screen DONE Ro 2134 n m THI 11 5 mA SP 0j my Transmission stopped GRAPH Battery voltagi Plot Scale Once the measurement is done the values of the apparent resistivity Ro standard deviation of the resistivity measurement SD transmitted current TxI and self potential SP battery voltage vertical plot scale
49. ST 4 JKL Key 1 8 Current adjusting the 2 14 2 19 Customer service 4 1 D Daisy chaining cables 2 10 Data dumping 3 39 to 3 52 recalling 3 34 to 3 38 structure 1 5 Database detecting and correcting errors 2 48 to 2 49 Datum choosing your map datum 2 52 Default parameter reset 1 30 4 7 Detecting a new cable 2 7 Direction Sign Keys 1 9 DUMP 6 PQR Key 1 8 Dumping data 3 39 to 3 52 RS 232 mode 3 44 to 3 52 USB mode 3 39 to 3 44 E East Key 1 9 Electrode Spacing 2 14 2 19 Electrodes adjusting the number of electrodes 2 13 2 18 adjusting the positions 2 33 2 41 Emergency Stop 1 4 3 10 3 22 SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision L1 Emergency Stop Key 1 7 Enter Key 1 7 Entering values in fields 1 16 to 1 22 alphanumeric entry example 1 1 19 to 1 20 alphanumeric entry example 2 1 20 to 1 22 Error messages Inversion routine 4 10 SARIS operation 4 9 F F1 to F5 keys 1 7 Function keys description 1 7 Function Alphanumeric Keys 1 8 Fuse replacement 4 4 G GPS choosing differential mode 2 52 choosing your map datum 2 52 Datums E 1 setup 2 51 to 2 52 Grid System 2 60 H Hazard electrical 1 4 Help on line 1 13 to 1 14 HELP 5 MNO Key 1 8 INFO 7 STU Key 1 8 IP SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 adjusting the number of cycles 2 25 choosing 2 62 Method D 1 K Keyboard description 1 7 Keypad 1 6 Keys Arrow 1 7 Backspace 1 7 CANCEL 1 7 CONTRAST A JKL 1 8
50. The maximum number of separations on your 6699 profile The separation n is a multiple of the base spacing a The default value is 1 For a complete description of imaging techniques and arrays see Appendix B Imaging Techniques Enter the values of the Line position Y Altitude Line Azimuth 1st Station X Station step Base spacing a and Max n parameters as numeric parameters Please refer to Alphanumeric entry example 1 on page 1 19 if you are unsure of the procedure You can choose to carry out your survey either manually NO CABLE by moving the electrodes after each measurement or automatically SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 PRESS Resistivity surveys CABLE AUTO in conjunction with the intelligent electrode cable and the intelligent electrode interface module Press the right or left arrow key to toggle between NO CABLE and CABLE AUTO Once these profiling parameters are acceptable press the F5 OK key to exit the PROFILE WENNER screen You are now in the Wenner Profile electrode setup screen The following screen will then appear WENNER PROFILE H P1 H P2 B C2 n0 0 u FUHCT EDIT E no SeBl ti Cha Enter s You must now enter the profiling parameters such as your a separation as well as the position of your first electrode A C1 These are expressed either in meters or in feet as per the Un
51. VICE MENU Service and Support Software upsrade Data base errors Enable factory tests the available options 4 Select t GoTo Enter Exit F5 Press the up or down arrow keys to toggle between SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Instrument Setup c Gp SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Press the ENTER when you have chosen which operation you want to perform Service and support The service and support menu lists the locations of our offices worldwide Press the arrow keys to bring the cursor to the service and support menu The phrase service and support will then be highlighted as illustrated below Service and Support Press the ENTER key The following screen will then appear SCIHTREM LTD SERVICE amp SUPPORT USA Australia Select Exit F5 Set up screen Canada To find contact information about the Canadian m C office use the right or left arrows to toggle to the word Canada The word Canada will then be highlighted as illustrated below Canada PRESS Press the F3 SHOW INFO key to show the information about this office The following screen will appear SCIHTREM LTD SERVICE amp SUPPORT SCINTREX LTD Canada Head office 222 Snidercroft Road Concord Ontario LYK 1B5 Tel 905 669 2280 SHOU Fax 905 669 5132 INFO Web WwuU Scintrex itd com Press F3 to close the window u USA Austral
52. able error of these measurements may be 30 or more For this reason it is seen that it is feasible to obtain greater sensitivity of measurement in the time domain This increased sensitivity is of value in areas of low geologic and electrical noise By geologic noise is meant the range of variation of I P parameters within the normal rock types of the area The application of I P to groundwater prospecting may have to develop through the time domain avenue because of the sensitivity requirements The frequency domain equipment requires somewhat less primary power than the time domain equipment because the former measurements in an A C one with the ability to use tuned filters and amplifiers as well as devices as phase lock detectors This advantage is not so marked as it once was as current time domain equipment with its self adjusting earth voltage balance and ability to sum any desired number of integrations provides a high degree of noise rejection Under truly random noise conditions the summation of n integrations provides the usual 1 sqrt n reduction in statistical noise and is a powerful non subjective means of noise suppression The suppression of A C power line noise is much better with the time domain integrating type measurements than with frequency domain measurements SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Reference has already been made above to the relative effects of the electromagnetic response of the earth
53. able in the SARIS Furthermore no new sounding will be saved until the F5 OK key is pressed uolpssdo PRESS Press the F3 FUNCT EDIT key to choose the EDIT mode SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 11 Field Operation The east coordinate of your sounding reference point The value of this parameter is relative to the position of your survey reference point For an explanation of the easting of the survey reference point see Optional survey reference point parameters on page 2 57 The north coordinate of your sounding reference point The value of this parameter is relative to the position of your survey reference point For an explanation of the easting of the survey reference point see Optional survey reference point parameters on page 2 57 The direction clockwise from true North of your sounding The value of this parameter can be either relative to true north or to your grid reference azimuth For an explanation of the grid reference azimuth see Optional survey reference point parameters on page 2 57 The elevation of your sounding reference point either above mean sea level or relative to the grid reference point For an explanation of the survey reference point altitude see Optional survey reference point parameters on page 2 57 SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 PRESS e iy Resistivity surveys Enter the values of your Easting Northing Azimuth and Altitude paramet
54. ag 1 735 507 Spare Carrying Bag 2 735 526 Scintrex Utilities CD ROM 735 650 User s Manual 735 700 ICS 1 Imaging Cable System 735 020 ICS 2 Imaging Cable System 735 021 ICS 3 Imaging Cable System 735 022 ICS 5 Imaging Cable System 735 023 ICS 10 Imaging Cable System 735 024 ICS 12 5 Imaging Cable System 735 025 ICS 15 Imaging Cable System 735 026 ICS 20 Imaging Cable System 735 027 obs Wenner Sounding Cable 735 030 am Wenner Sounding Cable 735 031 SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 11 Reference Information S CINTREX Item Description Part Number SCS 256 Wenner Sounding Cable 735 032 System SCS 96 Schlumberger amp Wenner Sounding Cable System iene SCS 192 Schlumberger amp Wenner Sounding Cable System FOI SCS 384 Schlumberger amp Wenner Sounding Cable System 199035 50m Single Core Cable 735 040 100m Single Core Cable 735 041 200m Single Core Cable 735 042 250m Single Core Cable 735 043 300m Single Core Cable 735 044 500m Single Core Cable 735 045 750m Single Core Cable 735 046 Electrode 735 519 SARIS Spare Parts Kit 735 061 GPS Option 735 060 Carrying Case 735 528 BOREHOLE LOGGING OPTION Borehole Sonde 735 531 Borehole Interface Module 735 529 Borehole Option Spare Parts 735 062 Kit SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Warranty and repair Warranty and repair aouasajay Warranty All Scintrex equipment with the exception of
55. al part 735700 Revision 1 1 Basic maintenance 2 Unscrew the fuse from the battery pack 3 Remove the fuse from the fuse holder a UDUdJUIDW SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Maintenance and Trouble shooting 4 Replace and screw the fuse back in place Console disassembly and reassembly A SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Warning Disassembly of the console is strongly discouraged due to the complexity of the tasks required and the risk of electrical shock Scintrex cannot be held responsible for any mishap that console disassembly would cause The SARIS can produce LETHAL voltages inside the console THIS CAN RESULT IN SERIOUS INJURIES Whereas Scintrex has taken reasonable precautions in its design to minimize the possibility of personal injury in its normal and proper use Scintrex can bear no responsibility in this regard Trouble shooting Trouble shooting Despite the fact that your SARIS is a very reliable instrument there can be circumstances where problems may occur The following table lists some of these problems and their attempted solution However please do not hesitate to contact your nearest Scintrex office See Customer service on page 4 1 for the office nearest you Problem Possible cause Possible solution Unit will not Battery pack is not Connect battery pack to turn ON when the connected electronics console ON key is pressed Blown fuse on battery
56. alue can be set from 0 1 to 10000 Hint You can use a smaller spacing with any imaging cable Remember however to measure your electrode spacing precisely otherwise your apparent resistivities could be erroneous Enter the electrode spacing as a numeric parameter Please refer to Alphanumeric entry example 1 on page 1 19 if you are unsure of the procedure The units will be either in metres or in feet Press the right or left arrow key to toggle between meter and feet Press the F3 FUNCT EDIT key to exit the EDIT mode Once the cable parameter values are acceptable press the F5 SAVE key to accept them save the new cable and to return to the cable list screen Press the F5 CANCEL key to exit to cable screen SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Set up screen SETUP PRESS 1 Press the SETUP key to return to the Set Up screen ABC Creating a virtual cable example 1 As mentioned earlier when you are daisy chaining imaging cables i e connecting several imaging cables end to end you will find it much more practical to create a new virtual cable comprising the totality of all the electrodes on the daisy chained cables The following example illustrates a typical example of a virtual cable Where a two standard ICS 1 cables with 25 takeouts each are daisy chained and a virtual cable containing 50 electrodes is created O In the Cable screen press the arrow keys to bring D your cursor to the Cop
57. and Scotland Shetland Islands European 1950 Finland Norway European 1950 Greece European 1950 Iran European 1950 Italy Sardinia European 1950 Italy Sicily European 1950 Malta European 1950 Portugal Spain European 1979 MEAN FOR Austria Finland Netherlands Norway Spain Sweden Switzerland Fort Thomas 1955 Nevis St Kitts Leeward Islands 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 Gan 1970 Republic of Maldives Geodetic Datum 1949 New Zealand Graciosa Base SW 1948 Azores Faial Graciosa Pico Sao Jorge Terceira Guam 1963 Guam Gunung Segara Indonesia Kalimantan GUX I Astro Guadalcanal Island Herat North Afghanistan Hjorsey 1955 Iceland Hong Kong 1963 Hong Kong Hu Tzu Shan Taiwan Indian Bangladesh Indian India Nepal Indian 1954 Thailand Vietnam Indian 1975 Thailand Ireland 1965 Ireland ISTS 061 Astro 1968 South Georgia Islands ISTS 073 Astro 1969 Diego Garcia Johnston Island 1961 Johnston Island Kandawala Sri Lanka Kerguelen Island 1949 Kerguelen Island SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 11 4 SARIS GPS Datums 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Kertau 1948 West Malaysia amp Singapore Kusaie Astro 1951 Caroline Islan
58. arization Geophysics Vol 22 pp 660 66 7 Wagg D M and Seigel H 0 1963 Induced Polarization in Drill Holes Can Min journ April Wait J R Editor 1959 Overvoltage Research and Geophysical Applications Pergamon Press London 1959 SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 10 11 12 SARIS GPS Datums WGS 84 Default Adindan MEAN FOR Ethiopia Sudan Adindan Burkina Faso Adindan Cameroon Adindan Ethiopia Adindan Mali Adindan Senegal Adindan Sudan Afgooye Somalia Ain el Abd 1970 Bahrain Ain el Abd 1970 Saudi Arabia Anna 1 Astro 1965 Cocos Islands Antigua Island Astro 1943 Antigua Leeward Islands SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 11 SARIS GPS Datums 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 Arc 1950 MEAN FOR Botswana Lesotho Malawi Swaziland Zaire Zambia Zimbabwe Arc 1950 Botswana Arc 1950 Burundi Arc 1950 Lesotho Arc 1950 Malawi Arc 1950 Swaziland Arc 1950 Zaire Arc 1950 Zambia Arc 1950 Zimbabwe Arc 1960 MEAN FOR Kenya Tanzania Ascension Island 1958 Ascension Island Astro Beacon E 1945 Iwo Jima Astro DOS 71 4 St Helena Island Astro Tern Island FRIG 1961 Tern Island Astronomical Station 1952 Marcus Island Australian Geodetic 1966 Australia amp Tasmania Australian Geodetic 1984 Australia amp Tasmania Ayab
59. asurements L S Collett and the writer suggested the method of measuring LP effects using sinusoidal current forms of different frequencies J R Wait expanded greatly on the possibilities of this approach and successful field tests were carried out in that year The work of the Newmont group is summarized in a monograph Wait 1959 POuLeW di SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 The Induced Polarization Method Since 1950 several groups have been active in the development of the I P method by means of theoretical laboratory model and field studies prominent among these groups has been that at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Hall of 1957 Madden 1957 Marshall 1959 Description of the I P phenomenon Within the literal meaning of the term polarization is a separation of charge to form an effective dipolar distribution within a medium Induced polarization is therefore a separation of charge which is due to an applied electric field It may also include phenomena which cause voltage distributions similar to those due to true polarization effects For practical purposes only polarization effects with time constants of build up and decay longer than a few milliseconds are of importance This usually excludes such phenomena as dielectric polarization and others which are encompassed by the normal electromagnetic equations In order to measure I P effects in a volume of rock one passes current through the v
60. ated on page 3 34 To display the complete set of your survey parameters press the FI SHOW SURVEY PARAMS key SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 uolpssdo Field Operation PRESS O Gp e The following screen will then appear SHOW SURVEY PRRRHETERS Survey Test CI ient Scintrex Operator RL Easting 6 66 Horth i nS B ag Azimuth Altitude 6 68 UTM Zone UTC Diff 6 8 Grid system HSEU Units HETER Waveforn TDIP On Time z B OK Press the F5 OK key to exit this screen Scrolling through your soundings and profiles If you have more than one sounding or profile in your survey you will be able to scroll through each sounding or profile in your survey Each sounding or profile is stored sequentially in the order it was created In the recall screen press the up or down arrow keys to bring the cursor to the ID parameter field The word ID will then be highlighted as illustrated below BL Press the right or left arrow key to toggle between each sounding or profile SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Recalling data OR or PRESS press the F2 SEARCH key after having manually entered the ID number or the particular profile or sounding your are interested in viewing The parameters of each sounding or profile will appear as illustrated on page 3 34 PRESS To display the sounding or profile table press the F4 RECALL ID GRAPH key A
61. brane polarization Despite a moderate amount of laboratory and field investigation it is not feasible in general to differentiate between induced polarization responses due to overvoltage and non metallic sources nor to differentiate between possible sources within each group Because of other variables it is likewise difficult to uniquely equate a specific induced polarization response to a specific percentage of metallic content although mean relationships have been established Through the measurement of secondary parameters such as the transient decay curve form characteristics one may obtain useful information relating to the average particle size of metallic responsive bodies or to the influence of electromagnetic transients on the I P measurements The latter effect becomes prominent when surveys are made in areas with highly conducting surface materials e g semi arid regions SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Historical Background The induced polarization or I P as it is commonly known method is in application the newest of our mining geophysical tools having come into active use only in late 1948 Its roots extend somewhat farther back however Schlumberger 1920 reports having noted a relatively lengthy decay of the residual voltages in the vicinity of a sulfide body after the interruption of a primary D C current Unfortunately measurements in non mineralized areas gave rise to rather similar resi
62. creen S8 SCTUTIL Scintrex Utilities Rev 1 0 23 SCINTREX Earth Science Instrumentation 222 Snidercroft Road Concord Ontario Canada L4K1B5 Tel 90569 2280 Telefax 805 663 6403 o o d Q 5 SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Field Operation Once the data is successfully transferred a message indicating successful upload of your data will appear Click on EXIT to close your data file E SCTUTIL Scintrex Utilities Rev 1 0 23 Dump Operating_System Com Parameters Help IV Keep Log File SCINTREX Earth Science Instrumentation START DUMP 222 Snidercroft Road Concord Ontario Canada L4K1B5 Tel 805 563 2280 Telefax 305 663 6403 Upload Finished File saved C My Documents 15414ug012000 sad Once you have transferred your data to your PC press the F5 OK key on your SARIS to return to the previous screen PRESS Dumping data using the RS 232 port Double click on the SCTUTIL icon to start the program SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Dumping data The following screen will then appear 8 SCTUTIL Scintrex Utilities Rev 1 0 19 SCINTREX Earth Science Instrumentation 222 Snidercroft Road Concord Ontario Canada L4K1B5 Tel 905 569 2280 Telefax 905 668 6403 You can enable Keep Log File this will produce a complete log of all the surveys as well as assist the Customer Service personnel in helping you t
63. ds L C 5 Astro 1961 Cayman Brac Island Leigon Ghana Liberia 1964 Liberia Luzon Philippines Excluding Mindanao Luzon Philippines Mindanao Mahe 1971 Mahe Island Massawa Ethiopia Eritrea Merchich Morocco Midway Astro 1961 Midway Islands Minna Cameroon Minna Nigeria Montserrat Island Astro 1958 Montserrat Leeward Islands M Poraloko Gabon Nahrwan Oman Masirah Island Nahrwan Saudi Arabia Nahrwan United Arab Emirates Naparima BWI Trinidad amp Tobago 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 North American 1927 MEAN FOR Antigua Barbados Barbuda Caicos Islands Cuba Dominican Republic Grand Cayman Jamaica Turks Islands North American 1927 MEAN FOR Belize Costa Rica El Salvador Guatemala Honduras Nicaragua North American 1927 MEAN FOR Canada North American 1927 MEAN FOR CONUS North American 1927 MEAN FOR CONUS East of Mississippi River including Louisiana Missouri Minnesota North American 1927 MEAN FOR CONUS West of Mississippi River North American 1927 Alaska North American 1927 Bahamas Except San Salvador Island North American 1927 Bahamas San Salvador Island North American 1927 Canada Alberta British Columbia North American 1927 Canada Manitoba Ontario North American 1927 Canada New Brunswick Newfoundland Nova Scotia Qu bec North American 1927 Ca
64. dual polarization potentials so he apparently abandoned his efforts In the late 1930 s in the U S S R Dakhnov 1941 I P measurements were being made in petroleum well logging in an attempt to obtain information relating to the fluid permeability of the formations traversed by the well Dakhnov mentions the possible application of the method to the exploration for sulfide mineralization although it would appear that no such use was being made use thereof at that time Unfortunately the volume of Dakhnov did not come to the attention of abstracters in North America until the spring of 1950 Active development of the I P method as applied to mineral exploration in North America commenced with the writer s theoretical study in 1947 of the phenomenon of overvoltage and his report Seigel 1948 on its possible application to geophysical prospecting Laboratory and subsequent field investigation sponsored by Newmont Mining Corporation in 1948 eventually led to the development of a working field technique and the recognition of polarization effects in all rocks Seigel 1949 Contemporaneously and independently D A Bleil Bleil 1953 indicated the possibility of utilizing LP in prospecting for magnetite and sulfide mineralization but apparently did not recognize the presence of non metallic polarization effects in rocks Until 1950 all LP measurements were of the time domain type see below In 1950 as the result of some laboratory me
65. e You can choose either Imaging or Sounding as your cable type Press the right or left arrow key to toggle between sounding and imaging Important You cannot edit your type of cable This is indicated for information purposes only All other cable parameters are fully editable Set up screen No electrodes The number of electrodes a cable has refers to the number of takeouts on the cable In the case of two 25 takeout cable which are daisy chained end to end the total number of electrodes will then be 50 electrodes Enter the number of electrodes as a numeric parameter Please refer to Alphanumeric entry example 1 on page 1 19 if you are unsure of the procedure The number of sections usually depends on the type of cable for instance a sounding will always need two cable sections because the sounding point is always in the center of the array For imaging the user can employ either one or two cables Important For the time being only one section imaging is supported Press the right or left arrow key to toggle between one or two sections You will also notice the following icons appearing besides the number of sections For one section p SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 1 4 Instrument Setup PRESS F3 PRESS PRESS For two sections The base spacing between the electrodes can be set to any number as long as it is compatible with your cable This v
66. e 4 0 1 0 zh D 1 6 0 0 S 8 0 1 0 3 p 12 0 1 0 E 12 0 3 0 16 0 3 0 24 0 3 0 32 0 3 0 48 0 3 0 48 0 16 0 64 0 16 0 96 0 16 0 128 0 16 0 128 0 32 0 192 0 32 0 Table A 3 Equivalence table for MN 2 and AB 2 for the SCS 384 cable SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 11 Offset Wenner Sounding An intermediate Wenner resistance is calculated for 256 0 metres SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Bibliography Bibliography Barker R D 1981 The offset system of electrical resistivity sounding and its use with a multicore cable Geophysical Prospecting Vol 29 pp 128 143 PITT J2SHO SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 1 4 Offset Wenner Sounding SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Imaging Techniques Introduction The purpose of electrical imaging techniques is to produce an image of the subsurface resistivity These results are produced as two dimensional true resistivity section With the knowledge of this true resistivity one can confirm or infirm the geological model A more correct term for this process is sounding profiling Example Wenner array There are many electrode arrays that are used in electrical imaging These arrays have been illustrated in chapter 1 See Profiling configuration on page 1 25 SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 11 Imaging Techniques As an example let us consider the Wenner array in
67. e lower left hand portion of your SARIS screen as illustrated below DUMP PARAMETER SETUP EEEE Data bits 8 Parity check HO Stop bits 1 Data format BINARY Data transfer finished Once the data is successfully transferred a message indicating successful upload of your data will appear Click on EXIT to close your data file tA SCTUTIL Scintrex Utilities Rev 1 0 23 Dump Dperating System Com Parameters Help V Keep Log File SCINTREX Earth Science Instrumentation START DUMP 222 Snidercroft Road Concord Ontario Canada L4K1B5 Tel 905 669 2280 Telefax 905 669 6403 uolpisdo Upload Finished File saved C My Documents 1541A4ug012000 sqd SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Field Operation After you have transferred your data to your PC PRESS press the F5 OK key on your SARIS to return to the previous screen SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Memory clear Memory clear We recommend that you clear the data stored in the flash memory every day after every dump However in the event where you cannot dump your data the flash memory will allow you to safely store the data for very long periods of time MEMORY PRESS 3 To access the Memory Clear screen press the GHI MEMORY key The following screen will then appear MEMORY FLASH Memory 1888 Kb Storage Available l le a o9 d Q o E Th
68. e Setup program WARNING This program is protected by copyright law and international treaties Unauthorized reproduction or distribution of this program or any portion of it may result in severe civil and criminal penalties and will be prosecuted to the maximum extent possible under law lt Back Click on Next amp lt SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Scintrex Utilities Program The following screen will then appear Readme Information Information Welcome to SCTUTIL Scintrex utilities SCTUTIL combi DUMP This utility will allow you to retrieve you are working with The data will be dump OPERATING SYSTEM This utility will alloy particular instrument you are working w on Scintrex Web site www scintrexltd In order to successfully operate SCTUTIL please follow the L Click on Next ce sS SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 The following screen will then appear User Information Type your name below You must also type the name of the company you work for Name Company If you wish type your name and company Click on Next 2 lt gt SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Scintrex Utilities Program The following screen will then appear Choose Destination Location Setup will install SCTUTIL in the following directory To install to this directory click Next To install to a different directory clic
69. e amount of total memory in flash memory is illustrated in kilobytes Furthermore the amount available memory is illustrated in terms of percentage of total memory PRESS Press the FI CLEAR MEMORY to clear the memory SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Field Operation y PRESS SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Note To clear the memory you must press the following sequence of hot keys F1 F3 F2 and F4 Only then will the memory be cleared PRESS While the memory is being erased the message Memory clearing will appear where the Storage Available message was The unit will beep when you have cleared the memory Press the F5 OK key to return to the Setup menu Maintenance and Trouble shooting Customer service In order to provide our valued customers with the utmost in customer service a help service is available through e mail to either of our offices world wide You can reach at least one of our offices through e mail regardless of your time zone If you need any help with the instrument either in operating it or applying it towards a particular application do not hesitate to contact Scintrex SARIS support at the following addresses Canada from 8 30 AM to 5 30 PM EDT 12 30 to 21 30 GMT Tel 1 905 669 2280 Fax 1 905 669 6403 e mail service scintrexltd com web site www idsdetection com U S A from 8 30 AM to 5 30 PM CDT 13 30 to 22 3
70. e contact the reading can be restarted by pressing the READING key followed by the FS INJECT key SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Contact your nearest Customer Service Office a uDUaJUIDW Maintenance and Trouble shooting Inversion routine error messages During the inversion of your sounding data errors do not normally appear However when an erroneous operation is made error messages will appear The following table lists the error messages that you may encounter during the inversion of your sounding data Please do not hesitate to contact your nearest Scintrex office See Customer service on page 4 1 for the office nearest you Inversion routine error message 1 Memory allocation error for a single index table Memory allocation error for a double index table Diagnosis 2 Memory allocation error for a rho type structure nudispo must have values of 1 2 or 3 Schlumberger Wenner Dipole dipole Number of measurements must be between 4 and 1000 18 Data error electrode spacing or resistivity has a negative value Incorrect value of the ntcal apparent 39 resistivities to calculate 31 Dipole dipole length of dipoles is either zero or negative Data error less that four 37 measurements with distinct dipole lengths 42 Insufficient number of measurements 51 Too many iterations Processing stopped by user before 81 rhocal model calculation 82 83
71. e name of your new preset list of positions its type and the number of points in the preset list Note You will already be in the edit mode therefore there will be no need to press the F3 FUNCT EDIT key to access the edit mode Press the up or down arrow keys to bring the cursor to the chosen parameter you want to edit Press the F2 CLEAR ALL key to clear the name field Enter the preset name as an alphanumeric value this can be up to 19 characters long Please refer to Alphanumeric entry example 2 on page 1 20 if you are unsure of the procedure You can choose either Wenner or Schlumberger as your sounding type Press the right or left arrow key to toggle between WENNER and SCHLUM SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 PRESS Set up screen The number of points on a preset refers to the number of electrode positions in the preset list Enter the number of electrode positions as a numeric parameter Please refer to Alphanumeric entry example 1 on page 1 19 if you are unsure of the procedure Press the FI POSITS key to access the position table Press the arrow keys to bring your cursor to selected location in the table Enter the electrode positions as numeric parameters Please refer to Alphanumeric entry example 1 on page 1 19 if you are unsure of the procedure As an example a completed Schlumberger 10 position preset table would resemble the following PRESET POINT POS
72. ear similar to the following screen PRESET LIST ae EEE HGS Copy HARK OK Select ti F1 2 Exit FS Press the up or down arrow keys to bring the cursor to the chosen preset For instance the copy of the preset you had defined in the New Preset section and copied in the Copy Preset section SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Instrument Setup PRESS PRESS PRESS SETUP PRESS 1 ABC The preset will then be highlighted as illustrated below MGS Copy To select this cable press the F3 MARK key The cable will then be selected as illustrated below 1 MGS Copy Note If you marked the wrong preset by mistake you can always unmark a preset by pressing the F3 0MARK key again To delete this preset press the FA DELETE key Once the selection is acceptable press the F5 OK key to return to the Preset screen Press the SETUP key to return to the Set Up screen SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Set up screen Service screen The service screen allows you to view the adresses of the Scintrex offices throughout the world upgrade your current software version and run a diagnostic program to detect and correct data base errors a In the set up screen press the arrow keys to bring O C the cursor to the service icon The word Service will then be highlighted as illustrated below PRESS Emer Press the ENTER key The following screen will appear SER
73. ed sensitivity and rejection of earth noise effects Some degree of improvement is yet to be expected in this area The same geometric limitations apply as with the resistivity method employing the comparable array As a rule a body of up to 10 per cent disseminated metallic conductors cannot be detected at a distance from its nearest point much exceeding its mean diameter This detectability may be somewhat improved by the use of secondary criteria but such improvement is likely to be only marginal Since overvoltage is essentially a surface phenomenon the I P response from a given volume percentage of metallic conductors generally increases as the individual particle size is decreased From the usual simple I P measurements therefore one cannot reliably predict the percentage by volume of such conductors in a deposit as there may be a variation of particle size throughout the deposit Still less can one differentiate between metallic conductors e g chalcopyrite galena pentlandite of economic interest and those of noneconomic interest e g pyrite pyrrhotite and graphite In addition we cannot even reliably differentiate between metallic sources of LP responses The latter may include certain types of clay and in consolidated rocks such platey alteration minerals as serpentine talc and sericite SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Empirically it has been found that on the average 1 by volume of metallic sulfide
74. el Click on Have Disk The following screen will then appear Install From Disk x 1 Insert the manufacturer s installation disk into c the drive selected and then click OK Copy manufacturer s files from mm r ti Browse Click on Browse SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Scintrex Utilities Program The following screen will then appear Gi c E scintrex E Manual Template bom nds2000 Rebut Insert your SCTUTIL CD ROM in your D drive or whichever CD ROM drive is appropriate in your case X SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Click on the down arrow in Drives and select the drive where your CD ROM has been inserted The following screen will then appear autorun inf ex SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Scintrex Utilities Program Double click on the USBDRV directory and click on the saris inf file The following screen will then appear saris inf Ga di amp g usbdrv Click on OK The following screen will then appear Install From Disk Lax X SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Click on OK The following screen will then appear Add New Hardware Wizard Scintrex Utilities USB driv ex SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Scintrex Utilities Program Click on Next At this point you may be prompted by your PC that the driver is incompatible select it anyway The follo
75. elle Lighthouse Djibouti SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 Bellevue IGN Efate amp Erromango Islands Bermuda 1957 Bermuda Bissau Guinea Bissau Bogota Observatory Colombia Bukit Rimpah Indonesia Bangka amp Belitung Islands Camp Area Astro Antarctica McMurdo Camp Area Campo Inchauspe Argentina Canton Astro 1966 Phoenix Islands Cape South Africa Cape Canaveral Bahamas Florida Carthage Tunisia Chatham Island Astro 1971 New Zealand Chatham Island Chua Astro Paraguay Corrego Alegre Brazil Dabola Guinea Djakarta Batavia Indonesia Sumatra DOS 1968 New Georgia Islands Gizo Island Easter Island 1967 Easter Island SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 SARIS GPS Datums 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 European 1950 MEAN FOR Austria Belgium Denmark Finland France West Germany Gibraltar Greece Italy Luxembourg Netherlands Norway Portugal Spain Sweden Switzerland European 1950 MEAN FOR Austria Denmark France West Germany Netherlands Switzerland European 1950 MEAN FOR Iraq Israel Jordan Lebanon Kuwait Saudi Arabia Syria European 1950 Cyprus European 1950 Egypt European 1950 England Channel Islands Irel
76. en appear as illustrated below Note gj This accuracy of the sounding inversion results will be indicated by the goodness of fit of the sounding curve versus the field results You are now ready to proceed with your next sounding or profile uolpssdo SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Field Operation Example 2 Wenner profiling By now you have already set up your SARIS to perform a Wenner profile If you are unfamiliar with the setup or have not done this yet please see Instrument Setup on page 2 1 To access the sounding profile screen press the PRE gp p Be Sounding Profile key The following screen will then appear PROFILE WENNER Th 2 ARRAYS H S Line position Altitude 1st Station x FUNCT Station step EDIT Base spacinsia ere CANCEL Scan mode MANUAL OK Sel tit Cha Note Y The ID parameter identifies your particular profile with a number in the survey A survey can contain as many soundings and profiles as you want you are only limited by the amount of memory available in the SARIS Furthermore no new profile will be saved until the F5 OK key is pressed PRESS Press the F3 FUNCT EDIT key to choose the EDIT mode SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Resistivity surveys The cardinal direction of your profile If your profile is in a North South direction then you would choose N S If your profile is in an East Wes
77. ent The preset values are 50 100 200 500 750 or 1000 mA Alphanumeric entry example 1 The alphanumeric keys allow you to enter four characters per key The entered character depends on the number of times the key is pressed For instance as you toggle the 2 DEF key you will successively obtain 2 d e or f Press the up or down arrow keys to bring your cursor to the maximum measurement time parameter Key in the value For instance for 20 press the 2 key and then press the 0 key Press the Enter key to acknowledge your choice SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Getting Started PRESS SURVEY PRESS 2 DEF e PRESS Press the F5 key to return to the SETUP screen Alphanumeric entry example 2 With the SARIS turned on press the SURVEY key to access the Survey Header screen The following screen will then appear SURVEY HEADER Lii Client Co Operator 3 3 READ GPS GRID REFERENCE od Easting B EDIT Northing B Azimuth Altitude CANCEL UTH Zone UTC Diff ae Sel tit Chas AlPha Press the up or down arrow keys to bring your cursor to the Survey parameter The Survey parameter will then be highlighted as illustrated below Press the F3 key to toggle between the function mode and edit mode When in the EDIT mode the word EDIT will be highlighted as illustrated below SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 PRESS
78. erating Temperature Water resistance Power Supply Power Supply Type Measuring Capacity Internal Computer Display Communication Interfaces Data Storage Capacity Weight and Dimensions Complete SARIS Unit with Battery SARIS Battery only Saris technical specifications 20 C to 55 C Waterproof to IP65 24V 7 5Ah clip on Lead Acid Battery 180 W h capacity 100 hours standby operation gt 12000 minimum power 30 sec Readings Maximum number of readings will decrease according to output power 320 by 240 quarter VGA monochrome LCD 12 MHz USB and RS 232 gt 10 000 single readings 336 215 201mm outside all connectors 336 190 177mm without connectors 8 9 Kg 336 215 86mm 6 4 Kg SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 EDITED ETES Reference Information Saris IP Window specifications 60 Hz power line 50 Hz power line Ton M1Begin time ms M1End time ms M2Begin time ms M2End time ms M3Begin time ms M3End time ms M4Begin time ms M4End time ms SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Saris system components list Saris system components list aouasajay Item Description Sting in Resistivity Module 735 500 ll eee Interface 735 501 RS 232 Cable 745 081 Battery Module 735 502 Battery Charger 735 503 Spare Carrying B
79. erger e Wenner Dipole dipole Pole dipole SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Instrument Setup c SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 e Axial Pole pole e Lateral Pole pole e Gradient Press the right or left arrow key to set the array type You can choose to use either a standard square waveform or if you wish to also acquire IP data you can also choose a Time Domain IP waveform Note The standard square waveform is recommended when you are only interested in acquiring resistivity data The repetition rate of the squarewave signal is much higher than the rate of the IP waveform Thus your data will be acquired much faster Press the right or left arrow key to set the type of waveform When you choose a time domain IP waveform your survey parameter setup screen the on time parameter will pop up as illustrated below TDIP 44 1 On Time sec Survey screen When you chose a Time Domain IP waveform you will also be prompted to choose the on time of the TDIP signal either 1 2 4 or 8 seconds Press the right or left arrow key to set the value of the on time SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Instrument Setup Survey array setup Within the survey parameter screen you can also choose the initial array for your survey through the F1 key As mentioned previously this can also be done through the Survey Parameter Setup screen See Arrays on page 2
80. eric parameter Please refer to Alphanumeric entry example 1 on page 1 19 if you are unsure of the procedure Press the FI POSITS key to access the position table Press the arrow keys to bring your cursor to selected location in the table Enter the electrode positions as numeric parameters Please refer to Alphanumeric entry example 1 on page 1 19 if you are unsure of the procedure SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Instrument Setup As an example a completed Schlumberger 10 position preset table would resemble the following PRESET POINT POSITIONS Ho ab 2 m mn 2 m FUNCT EDIT Ca tcn 0 74 m CR 0 e zx u S5eBl ti Cha Enter Note If your table contains more than 10 electrode positions you will be able to scroll through the pages by using either the F2 NEXT PAGE or F1 PREV PAGE keys PRESS Press the F5 OK key to return to the Edit Preset screen PRESS Press the F5 SAVE key to save the new preset table of positions and return to the Preset screen SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 9 Set up screen i B Td Deleting a preset FYE eem In the Preset screen press the arrow keys to bring your cursor to the Delete icon The word Delete will then be highlighted as illustrated below Press the Enter key to access the preset delete screen A list of available presets will then app
81. ers as numeric parameters Please refer to Alphanumeric entry example 1 on page 1 19 if you are unsure of the procedure You can choose to carry out your survey either manually NO CABLE by moving the electrodes after each measurement or automatically CABLE AUTO in conjunction with the intelligent electrode cable and the intelligent electrode interface module Press the right or left arrow key to toggle between NO CABLE and CABLE AUTO Once these sounding parameters are acceptable press the F5 OK key to save your parameters and exit the SOUNDING SCHLUMBERGER screen You are now in the Schlumberger Sounding electrode setup screen Note You must now enter sounding parameters such as the first ab and mn values These are expressed either in meters or in feet as per the Units display in the Survey Parameter Setup screen See Survey parameter setup on page 2 59 If you had not chosen the proper sounding cable or had not chosen a preset list of positions you will be warned to do so by the SARIS To close this window press the ENTER key SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 11 4 uolpisdo Field Operation O SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 The following screen will then appear SCHLUMBERGER SOUNDING Act Bez 9 TE I L H P1 N P2 iris e EDIT I 1 INJECT Sel tie Chs Enter s Automated cable If you had already connected an automated Schlumber
82. ers g h and i as well as accessing the Memory screen Keying in the number 4 letters j k and as well as accessing the Contrast Setting screen Keying in the number 5 letters m n and o as well as accessing the On line help screen Keying in the number 6 letters p q and r as well as accessing the Dump screen Keying in the number 7 letters s t and u as well as accessing the Information screen Keying in the number 8 letters v w and x as well as accessing the Notes screen RECALL YZ About the instrument Keying in the number 9 letters y and z as well as accessing the Data Recall screen Direction Sign keys Keying in the north direction increasing the contrast and entering a sign Keying in the south direction decreasing the contrast and entering a sign Keying in the east direction increasing the contrast and entering a sign Keying in the west direction decreasing the contrast and entering a sign SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 1 4 Getting Started Powering up the SARIS PRESS To turn your SARIS on press the On key Note 7 If your SARIS does not turn on or the screen is either totally blank or dark please refer to Trouble shooting on page 4 7 Adjusting the contrast CONTRAST If the screen is either too dark or too light press the JKL CONTRAST key PRESS The following screen will then appear DISPLAY CONTRAST SETUP
83. es Rev 1 0 19 Dump Operating System Com Parameters Help SCINTREX Earth Science Instrumentation START DUMP 222 Snidercroft Road Concord Ontario Canada L4K1B5 Tel 905 563 2280 Telefax 905 663 6403 EXIT le K You will then be prompted to choose a file name for L your data as per the screen illustrated below 2 E Look in 3 My Documents J l e d Appel d offres d Funds Requisition Ga Mail ca Bridget s Gravity C3 Garchy bal Manuels L3 Cemetary C Gravimetrie Tunisie Marketing C Corel User Files C Icones CI Memos 3 C Lettres C My Pictures d Logos C3 My Webs SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Field Operation v 4 SCTUTIL Scintrex Utilities Rev 1 Note The default name of your file follows the following format time 24 HRS minutes month date year The SARIS will dump in Scintrex Geophysical Database format This format is compatible with all modern resistivity programs Click on the Open button You will then notice the ON LINE message appears and that the data is being transferred as illustrated by the following screen 0 23 SCINTREX Earth Scien ce Instrumentation 222 Snidercroft Road Concord Ontario Canada Tel 905 669 2280 SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 LAK1B5 Telefax 905 669 6403 Dumping data After the data is successfully transferred a message indicating successful data transfer will appear in th
84. ess the arrow keys to bring the n cursor to the clock icon The word Clock will then be highlighted as illustrated below PRESS Emera e Press the ENTER key SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 1 Instrument Setup o o e PRESS F3 LES PRESS SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 The following screen will then appear RERL TIHE CLOCK SETUP e ili HH SS pB2 73 11 uL pee FUNCT vVVy MM DD 1539 01 01 EDIT DK Sel tit Chas Enter Press the up or down arrow keys to move between the time and the date Press the right or left arrows to move between either of the three parameters ex Hours minutes or seconds Press the F3 FUNCT EDIT key to choose the EDIT mode Enter the time as a numeric parameter Please refer to Alphanumeric entry example 1 on page 1 19 if you are unsure of the procedure Repeat the previous procedure for the minutes and seconds values When you are finished editing the parameters press the F5 OK key to return to the SETUP menu Survey screen Survey screen The survey screen allows you to create the survey header included in the data file This will include the survey name the name of the client the name of the operator the grid reference point as well the survey parameters such as the units electrode array cable used and the waveform SURVEY PRESS 2 p the Survey screen press the SURVEY DEF The following screen w
85. ew sounding SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 11 uolpssdo Field Operation PRESS Starting a Schlumberger sounding Within the Schlumberger Sounding Electrode setup screen press the F5 INJECT key to start injecting current Note In case of an emergency you can interrupt the injection of current either by pressing and holding the Tx Stop key until an acknowledgement message appears This will shut down the transmitter and the measurement will be discarded or By pressing the F4 STOP key you will stop the reading at the end of the current cycle Once you have pressed the F4 STOP key you can accept or reject the reading SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Waveform Apparent resistivity DONE RN NN Ro 565 0 n m Standard deviation gt s 9 1 n m SP gj mu Self Potential Resistivity surveys After the maximum measurement time is attained or the signal dispersion gets below the noise threshold the measurement will automatically stop The unit will then display the following message as well as the reading within the following screen Transmission stopped Battery voltagi Plot Scale Once the measurement is done the values of the apparent resistivity Ro standard deviation of the resistivity measurement SD transmitted current TxI and self potential SP battery voltage vertical plot scale ab and mn a
86. f available cables If your cable is not connected to the module you can also detect this cable see Detecting a new cable on page 2 7 O In the Cable Setup screen press the arrow keys to D bring your cursor to the Select icon The word Select will then be highlighted as illustrated below Press the Enter key to access the cable list screen The following screen will then appear CABLE LIST rF BOCEBNITDCIHI Select ti F1 2 Exit F5 SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 PRESS PRESS Set up screen Press the up or down arrow keys to bring the cursor to the chosen cable The cable will then be highlighted as illustrated below ICS 1 Imaging To select this cable press the F4 SELECT key The cable will then be selected as illustrated below n ICS 1 Imaging To show the parameters of this cable press the F3 SHOW key The following screen will then appear CABLE PARAMETERS Home ICS 1 imasins Type IMAG IHG Catalos Ho 735988 Sections 1 Ho electrodes 25 Spacing 1 8 Br id A Deletable YES Units METER OK Exit F5 Enter SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 11 Instrument Setup Important You cannot edit cable parameters these are illustrated for information purposes only To exit the Cable Parameters screen press the F5 OK key to return to the Cable List screen PRESS Once the selection is acceptable press the F5 OK
87. ffects penetration Dipole dipole Frequency Good resolution Complex curve Universal coupling forms Low order signals Susceptible to surface masking effects Gradient Time Minimum masking Couples best with Two linemen only steeply dipping Excellent depth bodies penetration Low order signals Excellent resolution Can use multiple receivers for speed 66 o For each array except the gradient array the basic electrode spacing a is selected to give adequate penetration down to the desired depth of exploration For the pole dipole and double dipole it is customary to obtain several profiles for different values of a or for integral values of n from 1 to as much as 4 For the symmetric arrays Wenner and Dipole Dipole the measured values are plotted against the midpoint of the array When using the Three Electrode Array time domain the station position is taken to be the midpoint of the moving current and the nearest potential electrode When using the Pole Dipole frequency domain the station position is taken as the midpoint between the moving current electrode and the midpoint of the two potential electrodes SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 With the Gradient array it is the midpoint of the two potential electrodes For the Three Electrode array and Pole Dipole these station locations are not unique and represent conventions only Data presentation I P data may be plotted in profile form or co
88. ger sounding cable to the multi electrode interface module you will notice that the cable parameters will automatically be loaded upon the beginning of the sounding Proceed immediately to Starting a Schlumberger sounding on page 3 10 Preset table of positions If a preset table of electrode positions had been chosen see Presets setup on page 2 29 you will notice that the first value in table will automatically be loaded upon the beginning of the sounding Proceed immediately to Starting a Schlumberger sounding on page 3 10 Manual entry of electrode positions In the Schlumberger Sounding Electrode Parameter Setup screen press the up or down arrow keys to bring the cursor to the ab parameter PRESS e PRESS PRESS Resistivity surveys The word ab will then be highlighted as illustrated below ab Press the F3 FUNCT EDIT key to choose the EDIT mode Enter the value of ab as a numeric parameter Please refer to Alphanumeric entry example 1 on page 1 19 if you are unsure of the procedure Press the up or down arrow keys to bring the cursor to the mn parameter The word mn will then be highlighted as illustrated below EI Enter the value of mn as a numeric parameter Press the ENTER key to acknowledge your choices The cursor will then move back to the ab parameter Press the F3 FUNCT EDIT key to exit the EDIT mode Press the F5 OK key to save the changes to your n
89. has a thumb tab on the right hand side allowing you to quickly locate a chapter of interest The thumb tabs are arranged in descending order with Chapter 1 always starting at the top SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 11 Getting Started Type styles The following typeface conventions will be used throughout the manual Convention Use Bold Italic ndicates an action to be taken Italic Denotes a new term being introduced ALL CAPS Denotes the name of a method or mode Chapter layout This manual is divided into five chapters with the information flow detailed in the following table Chapter Description 1 Getting Started Gives an overview of the manual and the SARIS 2 Setup Describes how to setup your SARIS for a resistivity survey 3 Operations Describes each step in a resistivity survey Thorough examples of a Schlumberger sounding and Wenner profile are given 4 Maintenance Describes basic maintenance trouble shooting and basic repairs 5 Reference Contains the technical specifications instrument parts list and warranty information A Offset Wenner Technique B C D E SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 About this manual Symbols The following symbols will be used to highlight specific sections of text throughout the manual Symbol Meaning Warning Denotes an important point concerning safety I
90. he Axial Pole pole electrode array SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Your survey co N P2 C2 B The lateral Pole pole electrode array I The Gradient electrode array SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 1 Getting Started Automated soundings and profiles As mentioned previously resistivity surveys can be fully automated with the use of the intelligent cables The survey cables which are commonly available are the following SCS 64 Wenner Sounding SCS 128 Wenner Sounding SCS 256 Wenner Sounding SCS 96 Wenner amp Schlumberger Sounding SCS 192 Wenner amp Schlumberger Sounding SCS 384 Wenner amp Schlumberger Sounding ICS 1 Imaging Profiling ICS 2 Imaging Profiling ICS 3 Imaging Profiling ICS 5 Imaging Profiling ICS 10 Imaging Profiling ICS 12 5 Imaging Profiling ICS 15 Imaging Profiling ICS 20 Imaging Profiling Furthermore Scintrex can custom build and type of cable to fit your own specific requirements SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Dumping data A Dumping data Important The SCTUTIL Scintrex Utilities program that is supplied along with your SARIS must be installed to allow you to transfer data from your SARIS Please refer to Installing SCTUTIL on page C 2 for further instructions Dumping data in USB A Important In order for you to transfer data from your SARIS using the USB mode you have the following in your PC USB
91. he FA MARK key The selected sounding method will then be marked as illustrated below n Wenner Sounding Once the chosen sounding array is acceptable press the F5 OK key to return to the Survey Parameter Setup screen Profiling arrays Press the up or down arrow keys to bring the cursor to either profiling array The profiling array will then be highlighted as illustrated below Wenner Profile To select this profiling array press the F4 MARK key The selected profiling array will then be marked as illustrated below ux Wenner Profile Once the chosen profiling array is acceptable press the F5 OK key to return to the Survey Parameter Setup screen PRESS Survey screen Borehole logging arrays In the sounding select or profile select screen press the F2 B HOLE ARRAYS key Important For a complete description of the borehole logging option please refer to the Borehole Logging Operations Manual SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 1 5 Instrument Setup Survey cable setup Within the survey parameter screen you can also choose the cable or the preset for your survey This can also be done through the Setup screen See Cable setup on page 2 2 or Presets setup on page 2 29 YOU HAVE NOW COMPLETED YOUR SET UP SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Field Operation By now you have decided what type of resistivity surveys you want to perfor
92. he maximum variance of signal The number of cycles that the measurement will take will depend on this threshold The lower the threshold and higher the ambient electrical noise the longer the measurement will take until it is acceptable The threshold can be set to OFF LOW MED or HI These thresholds respectively correspond to maximum variance values of 0 0 01 0 1 and 0 5 Press the right or left arrow key to set the value of the noise threshold Max fast measur time The maximum fast measurement time parameter determines what maximum length of time the unit will carry out a resistivity measurement for each reading Enter the maximum measurement time as a numeric parameter Please refer to Alphanumeric entry example 1 on page 1 19 if you are unsure of the procedure SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 PRESS PRESS x y X Set up screen Max IP cycles The maximum number of IP cycles determines what maximum number of full cycles ex 8 seconds for a 2 sec cycle the unit will carry out a resistivity IP measurement for each reading Enter the maximum number of IP cycles as a numeric parameter The maximum number of IP cycles can be set from 3 to 100 Please refer to Alphanumeric entry example 1 on page 1 19 if you are unsure of the procedure Note The noise threshold always has precedence over any other setting either the maximum fast measurement time or the maximum
93. hereas the SCS 64 series allows the user to perform Offset Wenner soundings only Furthermore additional intermediate resistances are calculated with SCS 64 series of cables For more information on how these additional Wenner resistances are calculated see Offset Wenner Theory on page A 1 Calculations of Ra and Rg are not required in the SCS 96 series Note J The electrodes at 0 5 and 1 metre takeouts must be planted at a shallow depth otherwise the resistivity measurement will be false because of the length of the electrode in the ground as compared to the electrode separation SCS 64 Cable System Part no 735030 This system consists of two 64m sounding cables with 8 takeouts at the following positions 0 5 1 0 2 0 4 0 8 0 16 0 32 0 and 64 0 metres Offset Wenner measurements are taken for the following spacings 0 5 1 0 2 0 4 0 8 0 16 0 and 32 0 metres Intermediate Wenner resistances are calculated for spacings 1 5 3 0 6 0 12 0 24 0 48 0 and 64 0 metres SCS 128 Cable System Part no 735031 This system consists of two 128m sounding cables with 9 takeouts at the following positions 0 5 1 0 2 0 4 0 8 0 16 0 32 0 64 0 and 128 0 metres Offset Wenner measurements are taken for the following spacings 0 5 1 0 2 0 4 0 8 0 16 0 32 0 and 64 0 metres Intermediate Wenner resistances are calculated for spacings 1 5 3 0 6 0 12 0 24 0 48 0 96 0 and 128 0 metres SARIS Manual pa
94. ia Select e Exit F5 PRESS Press the F3SHOW INFO key to close this window You can repeat the above mentioned steps for our USA and Australia offices SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Instrument Se tup O e Software upgrade The software upgrade selection allows you to upgrade your SARIS to the current software version For a complete description of the upgrade procedure refer to Reprogramming your SARIS on page C 9 Database errors The SARIS detects and corrects data base errors Under most circumstances a database error will not affect the integrity of your data Furthermore the SARIS is programmed to normally detect and correct database errors on its own without user intervention The database error detection feature provides a detailed list of the detected errors which is mainly for the use of customer service personnel As a user you need not be concerned by this feature Press the arrow keys to bring the cursor to the data base errors menu The phrase data base errors will then be highlighted as illustrated below PRESS Emera e Press the ENTER key SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 PRESS Set up screen If no errors are detected the following screen will then appear DATA MEMORY ERRORS No errors detected Exit If database errors are detected they will be listed These may be required by Customer Service personnel when y
95. icles This is only one type of phenomenon which can cause ion sorting or membrane effects For example a cation selective membrane zone may exist in which the mobility of the cation is increased relative to that of the anion causing ionic concentration gradients and therefore polarization effects see also Marshall 1959 Much work remains to be done to determine the various agencies other than clay particles which can cause such membrane effects The Time Domain Method Figure 2 shows the typical transient I P voltage decay forms for various rock forming materials in a laboratory testing apparatus See also Scott 1969 A primary current time of the order of 21 seconds was employed on these tests SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 cS AL 3 F i les i 31 d T T E in l T iw 4 Tw Te ba te i i i J 8 lab d WES ERE Eur Lo EI LUCTUS RAS II i a4 R vm a med d uu t S T T joa 1 d ner f Em ANE T T l pe t t a 3 i ot i Figure 2 Decay Curves for Metallic and Non metallic Minerals after Wait 1959 It will be noted that the voltages are plotted against the logarithm of the decay time and are approximate linear functions of the log t for reasonable lengths of time t The amplitude of the transient voltages has been normalized with respect to the steady state voltage existing immediately before the interception of the primary current
96. ill then appear SURUEY HERDER Client Operator GRID REFERENCE Easting B Harthinsa B Azimuth Altitude UTM Zone UTC Diff Sel tit Chs AlPha Press the up or down arrow keys to bring your cursor to the parameter you want to modify e The selected parameter will then be highlighted as illustrated below PRESS Press the F3 FUNCT EDIT key to choose the EDIT mode SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Instrument Setup PRESS To enter a new survey name press the F2 CLEAR ALL key This will clear the data field Enter the survey name as an alphanumeric value this can be up to 19 characters long Please refer to Alphanumeric entry example 2 on page 1 20 if you are unsure of the procedure Important The Survey name is required for any data file Moreover no duplicate names will be accepted PRESS Emera e When the survey name is correct press the ENTER key to acknowledge your choice Optional parameters The remaining parameters in this screen i e client name operator and the grid reference point parameters are optional i e you can choose to not enter any value for these parameters Should you wish to enter values follow the same steps as mentioned for the survey name Press the up or down arrow keys to bring your D cursor to the next parameter you want to modify SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Survey
97. in Canada consequently there is no customer duty payable in Canada It is advisable to state on the customs documents the following Canadian Goods Returned to Canada for Repair Name of the equipment Value Serial Number Reason for return Packaging and weight SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Offset Wenner Sounding PITT J2SHO Offset Wenner Theory The idea behind the Offset Wenner Sounding Method proposed by Barker 1981 is to eliminate or at least greatly reduce the effects of surface inhomogeneities on the sounding results The Offset Wenner method uses five electrodes at a time These electrodes are equally spaced by a value of a The sounding cables are spread out on either side of the SARIS and a center electrode is added at the location of the SARIS i e the sounding point A standard Wenner array uses only four electrodes at a time Figure 1 illustrates a typical Offset Wenner Sounding setup SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 11 5 Offset Wenner Sounding Wenner Sounding Cable Wenner Sounding Cable 1st Wenner Measurement A Rp Y 2nd Wenner Measurement 4 dz dz qu 4 wo T ac Figure 1 Offset Wenner Measurements A first Wenner measurement Rp is taken with the first four electrodes and then a second Wenner measurement Rp is taken using the next four electrodes By averaging the two Wenner measurements the effects of near surface inhomogeneitie
98. ingle of differential In the GPS screen press the F3 GPS OPTION SETUP key the following screen will then appear GPS PARAMETER SETUP SEND To o Differential GPS FES FUNCT EDIT DK 5pBl ti 4 Chs3 Enter s SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Instrument Setup c PRESS PRESS PRESS F3 A F3 Choosing your map datum Press the up or down arrow keys to bring your cursor to the map datum parameter The selected parameter will then be highlighted as illustrated below Map Datum Press the F3 FUNCT EDIT key to choose the EDIT mode Enter the datum number as a numeric parameter Please refer to Alphanumeric entry example 1 on page 1 19 if you are unsure of the procedure Note Please refer to Appendix E SARIS GPS Datums for a complete list of datums available in the SARIS and their corresponding datum numbers Choosing differential mode Important The differential mode is not yet supported in the SARIS When you have completed your GPS setup press the F3 FUNCT EDIT key to exit the EDIT mode Press the FI SEND TO GPS key to return to the GPS screen to take a GPS measurement SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Set up screen Clock screen v The clock screen allows you to adjust the internal real time clock Note Time and date as determined by this clock will be included in the data files O In the Setup screen pr
99. ions of a certain concentration and valence a potential difference is established between the metal and the solution sides of the interface This difference in potential is an explicit function of the ion concentration and valence etc When an external voltage is applied across the interface a current is caused to flow and the potential drop across the interface changes from its initial value If the electrode is a cathode it becomes more negative with respect to the solution whereas if it is an anode it becomes more positive with respect to the solution The change in interface voltage is called the overvoltage or polarization potential of the electrode If the electrode is a cathode we speak of hydrogen overvoltage and if an anode of oxygen overvoltage These overvoltages are due to an accumulation of ions on the electrolyte side of the interface waiting to be discharged The charge of these ions will be balanced by an equal opposite charge due to electrons or protons on the electrode side of the interface For small current densities the overvoltage is proportional to the current density i e is a linear phenomenon The variation of overvoltage with several other factors is presented in the writer s Doctoral Thesis Seigel 1949 The time constant of build up and decay is of the order of several tenths of seconds Overvoltage is therefore established whenever current is caused to flow across an interface between
100. ision 1 1 Your survey Your survey The SARIS can be configured to suit your many needs In order to optimize your survey you must first determine if either a sounding or profile are the appropriate survey methods to be used A sounding would be carried out if you would to get vertical resistivity information at a given point whereas an imaging survey would be carried out to get two dimensional information of the sub surface Furthermore the SARIS can be configured to carry out soundings and profiles automatically with the help of the Automated Sounding Cables as illustrated below IU Sounding configuration The following electrode arrays can be used for soundings Schlumberger Wenner Offset Wenner e Dipole dipole SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Getting Started The Schlumberger electrode array The Wenner electrode array 1 Fora complete description of the Offset Wenner Array see Appendix A Offset Wenner Sounding SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Your survey The dipole dipole electrode array Profiling configuration The following electrode arrays can be used for profiling Schlumberger e Wenner e Dipole dipole Pole dipole e Axial Pole pole e Lateral Pole pole e Gradient SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 1 Getting Started The Pole dipole electrode array co N P2 C2 B P1 M na A C1 T
101. its can give rise to electromagnetic transients of sufficiently long time constant to affect the usual I P amplitude measurement The shape of the E M transient is in practice markedly different from that of the usual I P transient having a much shorter time constant than the latter In addition the polarity of the E M transient is often reversed to that of the I P transient Curve shape measurements can provide a clear indication of the presence of significant E M interference and even a semi quantitative estimate of the latter enough to allow a correction factor to be applied Equipment of the type illustrated in Figures 4 and 5 e g Scintrex MK VII System permit appropriate transient curve shape information to be obtained Common to all the transmitters in this system is the ability to pass a repetitive interrupted square wave pattern current into the ground as shown on Figure 4 The current on time may be 2 4 or 8 seconds and the current off time may be likewise selected Measurements of I P transient curve characteristics are made during the current off time Figure 18 shows the quantities measured by the Newmont type receiver In these receivers one sets the gain of certain amplifiers common to both the primary voltage Vp and transient voltage Vt measurements so that these voltages are essentially normalized SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 I PREY CURRERT WWE FORK CECE 8154s 3 204m TET P
102. its display in the Survey Parameter Setup screen See Survey parameter setup on page 2 59 SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 1 5 uolpssdo Field Operation PRESS Automated cable If you have connected an automated Imaging cable you will notice that the cable parameters will automatically be loaded upon the beginning of the profile Proceed immediately to Beginning a Wenner profile on page 3 22 Manual entry of electrode positions In the Wenner Profile electrode parameter setup screen press the up or down arrow keys to bring the cursor to the A C1 parameter The letters A C1 will then be highlighted as illustrated below A C1 Press the F3 FUNCT EDIT key to choose the EDIT mode Enter the position of your first electrode A C1 as a numeric parameter Please refer to Alphanumeric entry example 1 on page 1 19 if you are unsure of the procedure Press the up or down arrow keys to bring the cursor to the a parameter The letter a will then be highlighted as illustrated below E Enter the value of your fundamental spacing as a numeric parameter SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Resistivity surveys Press the ENTER key to acknowledge your choices The cursor will then move back to the A CI parameter Press the F3 FUNCT EDIT key to exit the EDIT mode PRESS Press the F5 OK key to save the changes to your new profile PRESS SARI
103. k Browse and select another directory You can choose not to install SCTUTIL by clicking Cancel to exit Setup Destination Directory C Program Files SCINTREXSSCTUTIL Browse If you do not want the program to be installed in the default directory click on Browse to choose another directory and then click on Next otherwise just click on Next ce sS SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 The following screen will then appear Select Program Folder Norton SystemWorks Online Services Paint Shop Pro 5 QuickTime for Windows Real Res2dinv ResFormatConvert SCTUTIL Click on Next ex SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Scintrex Utilities Program The following screen will then appear Start Copying Files x Setup has enough information to start copying the program files If you want to review or change any settings click Back If you are satisfied with the settings click Next to begin copying files Current Settings Setup Type Complete Target Folder C Program Files SCINTREXSSCTUTIL User Information Name r Company Click on Next The installation program will then load the appropriate files onto your PC When the installation is complete you can run the program by clicking on the SCTUTIL icon e ce sS SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Reprogramming your SARIS From time to time you will be receiving s
104. key The screen that will then appear will depend on the context in which the help key is pressed Example 1 For instance if the HELP key was pressed in the Survey Screen Survey key the following screen would appear as an overlay SURVEY HEADER ETT TH Test ON LINE HELP Any neu survey requires entry of survey information and Parameters ra enter additional Parameters Press Save neu entry by Pressins F5 to cancel the entry Press FH Press HELP to close the window Az imuth Altitude UTM Zone UTC Diff Sel tit Chs AlPha SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Getting Started HELP PRESS 5 MNO INFO PRESS 7 STU SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Example 2 If the HELP key was pressed in the SetUp Screen SetUp key the following screen would appear as an overlay SETUP MENU ON LINE HELP Before you can initiate a survey you must adiust certain Parameters such as the cables Cif any that vill be used the transmitted current settings the line freauency notch filter to use the sleer time adauztment af the real time clock and connection to an internal GPS unit Press HELP to close the Window Select ti coTo Enter To exit the on line help press the HELP 5 MNO key to return to the previous screen System information The information on line screen presents information about your SARIS To show the on line information sc
105. key to return to the Cable screen SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 PRESS PRESS eo Set up screen mmn Detecting a new cable H LI During the course of your survey you may want to add a new cable to the list of available cables Note If you turn your SARIS on and a cable is already connected to your multi electrode cable module the SARIS will automatically recognize this cable and its parameters in the list of available cables In the Cable screen press the arrow keys to bring your cursor to the New icon The word New will then be highlighted as illustrated below Connect your new cable to the multi electrode cable module Press the Enter key to access the new cable screen You will then be warned that the cable was added to the list of available cables To view the list of available cables see Selecting a cable on page 2 4 Press the Enter key to close this window and return to the Cable screen SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 11 Instrument Setup Deleting a cable 73 a In the Cable screen press the arrow keys to bring D your cursor to the Delete icon The word Delete will then be highlighted as illustrated below PRESS Emera Press the Enter key to access the cable delete screen The following screen will then appear CABLE LIST rF BDCEBNITTDCII ICS 1 imaging HARK OK Select ti F1 2 Exit FS to the chosen cable ae Pres
106. l part 735700 Revision 1 1 Ma Scintrex Utilities Program The SCTUTIL Scintrex utilities program allows the user to download data from the SARIS as well as upload the most current version of the SARIS operating software supplied to you by Scintrex The SCTUTIL program is located on the CD ROM disk provided supplied with every SARIS You will find this CD ROM is one of the compartments of your SARIS transit case SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 11 Scintrex Utilities Program Installing SCTUTIL Before you can use the SCTUTIL utilities program you must first install it on your PC Insert the SCTUTIL CD ROM in the proper drive on your PC The installation program is self executable therefore you should see the following screen appear Setup which will guide you through the rest of the setup aa SCTUTIL Setup is preparing the InstallS hield r Wizard process Please wait 44 If it does not appear go to your CD ROM drive and run the Setup exe program ce SE SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 After the Install Shield Wizard is prepared the following screen will then appear Welcome to the SCTUTIL Setup program This program will install SCTUTIL on your computer It is strongly recommended that you exit all Windows programs before running this Setup program Click Cancel to quit Setup and then close any programs you have running Click Next to continue with th
107. lcocite bornite and chalcopyrite in a dolomitic limestone and there is less than 2 average by volume of metallic conducting minerals Whereas the bulk of I P measurements in mineral exploration has naturally been made on surface the technology of drill hole exploration has been well developed particularly by the Newmont group see Wagg 1963 The time domain method is suitable for drill hole applications since it permits a relatively close coupling of the current and potential lines in a small diameter borehole SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 The three electrode array has been extensively employed for logging purposes with a variety of electrode spacings to give varying ranges of detection away from the hole In this fashion the variation of electrical properties with distance from the hole may be determined A second directional log then gives information on the direction of any anomalous material indicated by the detection log Whereas the I P method is usually employed as a primary exploration tool it may play an auxiliary role as well e g to distinguish between metallic and ionic conducting sources of other types of electrical anomalies e g electromagnetic Figure 16 shows a typical conducting zone revealed by a ground electromagnetic survey which was later proven by drilling to be due to overburden conduction in a bedrock trough The I P response is in the low normal range The gravity profile als
108. le SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 About the instrument Keyboard description e 9 Function keys The On key turns the instrument on The Off key turns the instrument off The Enter key is used to acknowledge a particular keystroke sequence This is commonly used when entering numeric parameters such as the value of the AB spacing in a Schlumberger sounding The CANCEL key is used to either clear the data field or to move the cursor back one space The arrow keys move the cursor either right left up or down Emergency Stop Will immediately stop the injection of current The F1 to F5 function keys access the sub menu options These options will vary according to the current menu For instance in the surveys screen the Fl key allow you to access the parameters sub menu Press the Sounding Profile key to begin a sounding or a profile SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 11 Getting Started SETUP rj i ABC SURVEY DEF MEMORY GHI CONTRAST JKL HELP 5 MNO DUMP 6 PQR INFO T STU NOTE VWX SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Starting a resistivity reading once a sounding or profile has been properly set up Function Alphanumeric keys Keying in the number 1 letters a b and c as well as accessing the Setup screen Keying in the number 2 letters d e and f as well as accessing the Survey screen Keying in the number 3 lett
109. led Metal Factor is the ratio of PFE Resistivity and would therefore be equivalent to the ratio of Chargeability Resistivity The time domain data presentation is commonly in the form of profiles and contour plans The frequency domain presentation is commonly in the form of pseudosections showing the different spacing results displaced progressively downwards with increased electrode spacing Either type of data may be presented in either form of course to suit the tastes and experience of the individual geologist or geophysicist The Gradient array is very useful in obtaining bedrock penetration where the bedrock is highly resistive compared to the overlying overburden In such cases using the pole dipole or dipole dipole array very little current actually penetrates the bedrock and the I P characteristics observed are those of the overburden only As was mentioned above only time domain measurements may be carried out using this array SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 PouLeW di The Induced Polarization Method There is a special practical advantage to the time domain measurements in areas where it is very difficult to make good ground contact In such areas the problem of keeping the primary current rigidly constant necessary for frequency domain measurements becomes severe In the time domain if the primary current varies by as much as 10 during the measurement the absolute error in the chargeabili
110. lock Diagram and Wave Forms Power sources up to 30 K V A 5000 volts and 20 amperes have been employed where extreme penetration is desired in low resistivity areas The current on time T ranges from one second to as much as 30 seconds and the ce SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 11 The Induced Polarization Method current off time t may be as much as 10 seconds It is not strictly necessary to employ a cyclic current wave form but considerable advantages in signal to noise ratio are achieved thereby Most of the receivers now employed are remote triggering i e they are internally programmed triggered by the primary voltage pulse and do not require a cable interconnection to the cycle timer on the power control unit Figure 5a shows a typical time domain remote triggered receiver Scintrex MK VII Newmont Type This particular receiver has several interesting features Figure 5a Typical modern Time Domain I P receiver Scintrex Mk VII For one there is a memory circuit which provides an automatic self potential adjustment at the tail end of each cycle For another it has the ability to integrate the area either below the transient curve standard M measurement or above the transient curve denoted as the L measurement over a specific time interval The ratio of these quantities gives a direct measure of the decay curve form which may be of diagnostic value see below In areas of low electric earth noise u
111. m and have already setup your SARIS accordingly Now we will go on to next step where you will carry out a survey add macro notes recall data dump your data to your PC and finally clear the memory for future use We shall give thorough examples of a Schlumberger sounding and a dipole dipole profile For purposes of briefness and clarity the other sounding and profiling arrays shall be dealt with succinctly SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 11 uolpssdo Field Operation Field setup The following captions illustrate a typical setup of a resistivity survey in the field Proceed to if you are already familiar with the field setup of a resistivity survey Manual survey First the electrodes are positioned in their proper place along the survey line For instance for a Schlumberger sounding with the first AB 2 of 25m and the first MN 2 of 5m electrodes would be located respectively 5 and 25 m on either side of the SARIS These electrodes are then connected to the SARIS using standard wire as illustrated below SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Field setup The wires are then connected to the binding posts of the SARIS as illustrated below Automated survey First the intelligent electrode cables are connected to the multi electrode interface module as illustrated below The electrodes are then connected to the intelligent electrode cables SARIS Manual part 735700 Revisio
112. m port In most cases this will be coml Connect your RS 232 cable to the your PC Important o o d Q 5 Make sure that your RS 232 cable is connected to the appropriate serial port on your PC Most modern PC s have more than one serial port 6 To access the Data Dump screen on your SARIS PRESS press the DUMP key POR SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Field Operation PRESS PRESS y WV The following screen will then appear DUMP PARAMETER SETUP EEEE Data bits 8 Parity check HO Stop bits 1 Data format BINARY Cha 2 Note You can only modify the baud rate the other dump parameters cannot be modified they are illustrated only as a reference in order to set your PC serial port accordingly Press the F3 FUNCT EDIT key to choose the EDIT mode Press the right or left arrow key to select the baud rate at which you want to transfer your data Press the FI START DUMP key to initiate a data dump a message indicating that the data is being transferred will appear in the lower left hand corner of the console screen Note To abort the dump process while the data is being transferred you can press the FI STOP DUMP key SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Dumping data In the Dump window of the SCTUTIL program click on START DUMP to initiate the data transfer to your PC 33 SCTUTIL Scintrex Utiliti
113. mpacmg rw insertion Lgmaletes Figure 3 Wenner Inversion Results The mathematical basis of these inversions is beyond the scope of this manual and the user should refer to the aforementioned web sites for further details Any inversion is only as good as its relation to the geological model Furthermore prior knowledge of the geological model is a prerequisite for a viable inversion Both RES2DINV and RESIXIP2DI allow the user to fix certain start parameters such resistivities or thicknesses of layers Thus the inversion should converge towards a solution which is more in line with the true geological model O SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Imaging Techniques Because the mathematical assumptions and methods are different from one inversion program to another one should not expect identical results from one inversion program to another using the same field results Furthermore because of these same mathematical assumptions and methods certain inversion programs will be better suited than others in a given situation The previous point cannot be emphasized enough Many in the geophysical industry have come to believe in the infallibility of geophysical results i e that they should stand alone and that computed inversions be accepted as gospel All modern exploration tools such as geophysics geological mapping structural geology geochemistry to name a few are subservient to the geological model SARIS Manua
114. mportant Indicates a important topic particular attention should be paid to this section Note Denotes a point of interest or information you should read P Tip Denotes an interesting hint for smoother operation LL m Question Indicates a relevant question concerning an important topic lt 4i SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 11 Getting Started About the instrument Important Safety Notice A SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Warning The SARIS can produce LETHAL currents DO NOT touch current terminal A C and B C5 or any bare wires or current electrodes while transmitting current THIS CAN RESULT IN SERIOUS INJURIES Whereas Scintrex has taken reasonable precautions in its design to minimize the possibility of personal injury in its normal and proper use Scintrex can bear no responsibility in this regard All users are cautioned to establish and adhere scrupulously to safe operating procedures in the field as well as safe practices in the maintenance and repair of this unit It is recommended that all field operators be fully advised of the potential hazard from these currents and of the operating procedures necessary to avoid accidents Positive communication between the operator and all field personnel will help ensure that accidents do not occur In case of an emergency you can interrupt the injection of current by pressing and holdi
115. n 1 1 Field Operation Resistivity surveys y Y Note Should one of the potential wires become momentarily disconnected during the measurement the Standard Deviation of your measurement will become very high Refer to page 3 11 or page 3 23 for an illustration of the standard deviation If one of the current wires should become momentarily disconnected during the measurement the measurement will immediately stop Note If you are performing a Wenner sounding using automated sounding cables you must connect the center electrode to the center binding post as illustrated below The center electrode will be located at your sounding point Center binding post SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Resistivity surveys Example 1 Schlumberger sounding By now you have already setup your SARIS to perform a Schlumberger sounding If you are unfamiliar with the setup or have not done this yet please see Instrument Setup on page 2 1 PRESS To access the sounding profile screen press the Sounding Profile key The following screen will then appear SOUNDING SCHLUMBERGER ID 1 gg EEN Northing Altitude Azimuth Scan mode HO CABLE GPS Readings Rcsauired Note Y The ID parameter identifies your particular sounding with a number in the survey A survey can contain as many soundings and profiles as you want you are only limited by the amount of memory avail
116. n your PC Close all applications on your PC Insert the SCTUTIL CD ROM in the proper drive on your PC In the Control Panel window of your PC double click on Add New Hardware The following window will appear Add New Hardware Wizard This wizard installs the software for a new hardware device Before continuing close any open programs To begin installing the software for your new device click Next ES D 2 SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Scintrex Utilities Program Click on Next and let the Wizard search for plug and play devices the following screen will then appear Add New Hardware Wizard Windows will now search for any new Plug and Play devices on your system Y our screen may go blank during this process This is normal To continue click Next CD sS SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 When it has finished searching for plug and play devices the following screen will then appear Add New Hardware Wizard re SyQuest Parallel Port Driver Click on No and press Next ex SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Scintrex Utilities Program The following screen will then appear Add New Hardware Wizard Windows can now search for hardware that is not Plug and Play compatible or you can select your hardware from a list When Windows detects new hardware it automatically determines the current settings for the device a
117. nada Northwest Territories Saskatchewan North American 1927 Canada Yukon SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 11 4 SARIS GPS Datums 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 North American 1927 Canal Zone North American 1927 Cuba North American 1927 Greenland Hayes Peninsula North American 1927 Mexico North American 1983 Alaska Canada CONUS North American 1983 Central America Mexico Observatorio Metereo 1939 Azores Corvo amp Flores Islands Old Egyptian 1907 Egypt Old Hawaiian MEAN FOR Hawaii Kauai Maui Oahu Old Hawaiian Hawaii Old Hawaiian Kauai Old Hawaiian Maui Old Hawaiian Oahu Oman Oman Ord Survey G Britain 1936 MEAN FOR England Isle of Man Scotland Shetland Islands Wales Ord Survey G Britain 1936 England Ord Survey G Britain 1936 England Isle of Man Wales SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 Ord Survey G Britain 1936 Scotland Shetland Islands Ord Survey G Britain 1936 Wales Pico de las Nieves Canary Islands Pitcairn Astro 1967 Pitcairn Island Point 58 MEAN FOR Burkina Faso amp Niger Pointe Noire 1948 Congo Porto Santo 1936 Porto Santo Madeira Islands Provisional S American 1956 MEAN FOR Bolivia Chile
118. nd installs the correct driver For this reason it is strongly recommended that you have Windows search for your new hardware Do you want Windows to search for your new hardware C No want to select the hardware from a list lt Back Cancel Click on No and press Next SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 The following screen will then appear Add New Hardware Wizard Pe 1394 Bus Controller 3D Accelerators CD ROM controllers CXP au Display adapters lt Floppy disk controllers ex SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Scintrex Utilities Program Scroll down and select Universal Serial Bus as per the following screen Add New Hardware Wizard Network adapters 9 Other devices PCMCIA socket a Ports COM amp LPT SCSI controllers ta Sound video and game controllers System devices ll Tape drive controllers Universal serial bus controller SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Click on Next The following screen will then appear Add New Hardware Wizard Select the manufacturer and model of your hardware If your hardware is not listed or if you have an installation disk click Have Disk If your hardware is still not listed click Back and then select a different hardware type Manufacturers Models Generic USB Hub Standard USB Host Contr ACER Labs Inc Altec Lansing BTC CHERRY Groh P gt Have Disk lt Back Canc
119. nds so that L and thus L M are in fact negative M is considerably reduced from its normal value in this case but a warning to this effect is clearly indicated by the L measurement A quantitative estimate of the E M transient response and therefore correction for it may be obtained by one of a number of means One may for example vary the current on time e g from 2 seconds to 8 seconds The E M transient being of relatively short time constant will not change The I P response will change by an amount which is fairly predictable assuming a normal decay form We thus obtain two equations in two unknowns from which the true I P response may be derived Curve shape measurements may be made in other ways as well for example by actually recording the complete transient decay curve Whereas theoretically useful such measurements have proven unwieldy from a weight and time standpoint To obtain clean decay curves requires a high signal noise ratio and thus high powers In the frequency domain the equivalent curve form information would be obtained through the use of three or more properly selected operating frequencies Time versus frequency domain There is a continuing rivalry between protagonists of time domain and frequency domain measurements All that is clear is that neither method is superior in all respects to the other The same phenomenon is being measured in different ways often with different arrays and the result
120. ng the Tx Stop key until an acknowledgement message appears This will shut down the transmitter and avoid any further injuries Do not touch the electrodes or any section of bare wire when the SARIS is injecting current About the instrument Operation principles The SARIS has a structured database allowing you to enter as many surveys as you want You are only limited by the physical size of the memory which at 1008 Kilobytes will allow you to store more than a week s worth of data in your SARIS Each survey is comprised of several soundings and or profiles that contain individual readings The following flowchart illustrates how the surveys are structured in the memory Survey 1 r Profile 1 readings readings readings Profile 2 readings readings readings Sounding 1 readings readings readings Profile 3 readings readings readings and so on SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 11 5 Getting Started Instrument overview The SARIS resistivity system consists of an electronics console optional multi electrode or borehole interfaces which allow you to connect to intelligent multi electrode or borehole cables and a power supply module The following picture illustrates a SARIS system with a multi electrode interface Electronics Console Multi Electrode Cable Module Power Supply Module Console and Keypad The following picture shows the front panel of the conso
121. ngratulations on purchasing the SARIS resistivity system from Scintrex Ltd You are in possession of one of the most versatile and advanced resistivity systems for groundwater geotechnical engineering and archaeological applications available The SARIS can be configured to suit your own unique requirements In addition to the standard 4 electrode mode the SARIS can use intelligent multi electrode cables supporting a wide variety of arrays such as e Schlumberger Wenner Offset Wenner e Pole Dipole e Dipole Dipole In line Pole Pole e Lateral Pole Pole e Gradient SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Table of Contents Foreword Getting Started About this man al 2 5 ee cee ee aka rk ean dee dere RO BR RR 1 1 Page numbering ceasar dee ete Re Rh Devon m mecnm Roe e m 1 1 INIRE SCR 1 2 Chapter layo t siiagi iiei ite 66440 BR RRE je eee dale ded de 1 2 Symbols d stt eau Rd gem E E EE Rex ae dui EP MERE 1 3 About the instrument 00 cee eee eee eee nnn 1 4 Important Safety Notice 0 0 0 eee n 1 4 Operation principles 0 0 0 teeta 1 5 Instrument overview 0 2 RR m rn 1 6 Console and Keypad 0 0 cece ren 1 6 Keyboard description 0c ee eee 1 7 Function Keys vise rrExec4RETPEPENUR ER E EEG EE 1 7 Function Alphanumeric keys sse e 1 8 Direction Sign keys 00 cette nn 1 9 Powering up the S
122. nits For convenience we will restrict the following remarks to time domain measurements although equivalent statements may be made in the frequency domain It has been established through laboratory measurements that a metallic conductors of large average particle size give rise to time domain decay curves of relatively long time constant and b metallic conductors of small average particle size give rise to decay curves of relatively short time constant For these reasons if a shape factor as well as an amplitude factor of the decay curve can be established we may obtain information which is helpful in some of the following circumstances 1 very large or very small metallic particles the response from these may distort the shape as well as the amplitude of the transient curve Thus rather small amplitude anomalous metallic responses may be recognized in the presence of equal I P relief due only to non metallic variations SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 PouLeW di The Induced Polarization Method 2 two different types of anomalous response materials in the same survey area but differing in average particle size and or decay curve form e g serpentine graphitic particles of small average size and coarse grained metallic sulfides One additional and rather common circumstance is the presence of ionically highly conductive overburden or consolidated rock units e g saline overburden or shales These un
123. nless it is shipped prepaid After repair it will be returned collect unless other arrangements have been made with Scintrex Please mention the instrument s serial number in all communications regarding equipment leased or purchased from Scintrex Head Office Instruments within Canada should be shipped to SCINTREX Limited 222 Snidercroft Road Concord Ontario L4K 1B5 tel 905 669 2280 fax 905 669 6403 e mail scintrex idsdetection com Australia SCINTREX Auslog P O Box 125 Sumner Park 83 Jijaws Street Brisbane QLD 4074 tel 61 7 3376 5188 e mail Auslog auslog com au SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Warranty and repair U S A p 9 Scintrex U S A z A 1 900 Woodrow Lane Suite 100 Denton Texas 76205 tel 940 591 7755 fax 940 591 1968 e mail scintrexusa compuserve com SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Reference Information Other areas Instrument shipped for repair from outside Australia Canada and the U S A should be addressed to Scintrex and shipped to Scintrex Limited c o Danzas Customs Brokers 1600 Drew Road Mississauga Ontario L5S 185 CANADA tel 905 405 9300 fax 905 405 9301 Three sets of customs documents must be included one set inside the package one set attached to the package and sealed to the outside of the package one set attached to the air waybill Scintrex instruments are manufactured
124. nt to enter survey notes regarding cultural or topographic features that were encountered These notes can be entered at any time during your survey and will be stored in a sequential fashion i e just after the last measurement collected up till then NOTE PRESS 8 To access the notes screen press the NOTE key VWX The following screen will then appear HOTES mf Hacros an E w J te Sel tit Chs AlPha uolpssdo Note j Please note that the note that will be stored in your data file will be the one indicated in the data field beside the NOTE parameter field as illustrated below TES ds PARAMETER DATA FIELD SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Field Operation You can enter and record in your data file any note at any time Recording notes The notes that you will record in your data file can either be e anote taken from the pre defined list This list is comprised of 24 items or one of five macros or e manually entered text not included in the pre defined list of features nor in the list of macros Recording notes using the pre defined list of notes In the notes screen press the up or down arrow keys to bring the cursor to the note parameter field as lt gt illustrated on page 3 27 Press the F2 USE LIST key to access the pre defined list of notes PRESS SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1
125. ntoured although it should be noted that somewhat different results will be obtained with different line orientations so that contouring is not strictly justified Profile interpretation is superior particularly for shallow confined bodies because multiple peaked may arise from such bodies using certain electrode arrays and the plotted peaks may give an erroneous impression of the location of the polarizable body To obtain the variation of physical properties with depth expanding arrays may be used with any of the electrode systems keeping the spread centre fixed and simply changing the relative spacing a This is of particular value where it is known or expected that vertical variations of physical properties will be much greater than lateral variations As the spacing is increased the influence of the deeper regions becomes more significant and the resultant resistivity and I P curves may often be interpreted to give the depth to discontinuities in physical properties and the physical properties themselves Common practice in presenting frequency domain results is to plot the measured data below the line at a depth equal to the distance of the station position as defined above from the midpoint of the potential dipole When this is done for a variety of values of n a pseudo two dimensional section results which show albeit in a markedly distorted fashion the variation of physical properties with depth Model res
126. number of IP cycles Therefore the measurement will stop when the noise threshold is attained before either the maximum fast measurement time or the maximum number of IP cycles Hint If you want your SARIS to carry out the maximum number of IP cycles without stopping because of the noise threshold set this threshold to 0 Press the F3 FUNCT EDIT key to exit the EDIT mode After you are satified with the chosen transmitter parameter values press the F5 OK key to accept them and to return to the Setup menu SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Instrument Setup i TFTA Options screen Dok The options screen allows you to select four options the line frequency notch filter the sleep time whether to flag the warnings O In the setup screen press the arrow keys to bring the D cursor to the options icon The word Options will then be highlighted as illustrated below PRESS Enters Press the Enter key The following screen will then appear OPTION PARAMETER SETUP Hz Sleep after nin Scan uarninss FES OffWenner interpol WES Sel tit Cha SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 PRESS Set up screen Press the F3 FUNCT EDIT key to choose the EDIT mode Line mains frq You have the choice between 60 and 50 Hz notch filters Press the right or left arrow key to select the power line frequency of the area in which your SARIS is being used Sleep after
127. o shown corroborates the presence of the bedrock depression tal ft BOT M ke WEETR AL LGP PUF ies Luar s z 8 Pr ere b Wof Ghitin r Ad n Ee am es ani ikir A is T Sater LA GRERITY Le LL c Jf LT LE E FT Figure 16 Geophysical recognition of overburden trough Northwest Qu bec SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 POW di The Induced Polarization Method Limitations of I P Attempts have been made by a number of workers to employ the I P method in the field of groundwater exploration e g Vacquier 1957 Bodmer 1968 but with no consistent success as yet There are variations of chargeability from one type of non consolidated sediment to another but these fall in general within a relatively small range compared to the usual sulfide responses More investigation remains to be done in this area before a definitive conclusion can be reached It is clear that more accurate measurements will have to be made in groundwater I P than in base metal I P investigations The LP method has a number of recognized limitations some of a fundamental nature and others of a temporary nature reflecting the current state of the art On a unit coverage basis the method is relatively expensive to apply costing between 200 and 500 per line mile surveyed in most instances This cost has however been progressively reduced by advances in instrumentation resulting in decreased weight increas
128. oftware upgrades for your SARIS You can easily upload the most current version of the SARIS operating software by using SCTUTIL Note E The upgrading of your software version can be done either with the RS 232 or USB ports However the USB port upgrade is much faster and uses less menus Note If you are unsure of the current software version press the INFO 7 STU key The software version will be indicated on the third line of this screen version you must dump all data This data will be erased once you upgrade your software You can upgrade the software using the RS 232 port however the USB port is much faster PRESS Press the On key Important N Before you upgrade your software to the newest Connect your USB or RS 232 cable to your PC and your SARIS SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 11 Scintrex Utilities Program Start your SCTUTIL program and click on the operating system window the following window will appear a SCTUTIL Scintrex Utilities Rev 1 0 19 SCINTREX Earth Science Instrumentation 222 Snidercroft Road Concord Ontario Canada L4K1B5 Tel 9805 568 2280 Telefax 305 669 6403 Click on Reprogram system SB SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 The following window will appear Look in 7 Desktop z amp i al e My Computer My Documents Network Neighborhood Files of type System Files sys Cancel v Open a
129. og of all the surveys as well as assist the Customer Service personnel in helping you trouble shoot The log file contains all the settings of your SARIS In the Dump window of the SCTUTIL program click on START DUMP to initiate the data transfer to your PC gg SCTUTIL Scintrex Utilities Rev 1 0 19 SCINTREX Earth Science Instrumentation 222 Snidercroft Road Concord Ontario Canada L4K1B5 Tel 905 669 2280 Telefax 905 669 6403 o UO Q 5 SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Field Operation You will then be prompted to choose a file name for your data as per the screen illustrated below Look in 3 My Documents z al al c Funds Requisition Mail Appel d offres Bridget s Gravity fal Manuels bal Cemetary Gravimetrie Tunisie bal Marketing Corel User Files C Icones Memos Faxes E My Pictures RE Forms My Webs E Filename E Files of type Scintrex geo database sad x Cancel ZA Note The default name of your file follows the following format time 24 HRS minutes month date year The SARIS will dump in Scintrex Geophysical Database format This format is compatible with all modern resistivity programs gD SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Dumping data Click on the Open button You will then notice the ON LINE message appears and that the data is being transferred as illustrated by the following s
130. olume by means of two contact points or electrodes and measures existing voltages across two other contact points Theoretically any time varying current form can be used but in practice only two such forms are employed In the first technique a steady current is passed for a period of from one second to several tens of seconds and then abruptly interrupted The polarization voltages built up during the passage of the current will decay slowly after the interception of the current and will be visible for at least several seconds after the interception This is termed the Time Domain method The Frequency Domain method entails the passage of sine wave current forms of two or more low but well separated frequencies e g 0 1 and 2 5 c p s or 0 5 c p s and 10 c p s Since polarization effects take an appreciable time to build up it can be seen that they will be larger at the lower frequency than at the higher so that apparent resistivities or transfer impedances between the current and measuring circuits will be larger at the lower frequency The change of measured resistivities with frequency is therefore an indication of polarization effects SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Further discussion of the precise quantities measured in the Time and Frequency Domain methods will be resumed after a presentation of some of the polarization phenomena involved When a metal electrode is immersed in a solution of
131. or Mineral Exploration with Emphasis on Geophysical Techniques Moscow U S S R July 1967 Madden T R etal 1957 Background Effects in the Induced Polarization Method of Geophysical Exploration A E C Report R M E 3150 Marshall D J and Madden T R 1959 Induced Polarization a Study of its Causes Geophysics Vol XXXIV pp 790 816 Schlumberger C 1920 Etude sur la Prospection Electrique du Sous Sol Gauthier Villars et Cie Paris 1920 Chapter 8 Revised 1930 Scott W J and West G F 1969 POW di SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 The Induced Polarization Method Induced Polarization of Synthetic High Resistivity Rocks Containing Disseminated Sulphides Geophysics Vol 34 pp 87 100 Seigel H 0 1948 Theoretical Treatment of Selected Topics in Electromagnetic Prospecting National Research Council of Canada Unpublished pp 34 53 Seigel H 0 1949 Theoretical and Experimental Investigations into the Application of the Phenomenon of Overvoltage to Geophysical Prospecting Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation University of Toronto Seigel H 0 1959 Mathematical Formulation and Type Curves for Induced Polarization Geophysics Vol XXII pp 547 563 Sunde E D 1949 Earth Conduction Effects in Transmission Systems Van Nostrand Co N Y Monograph Vacquier V et al 1957 Prospecting for Ground Water by Induced Electrical Pol
132. ou contact your nearest Scintrex Service amp Support office See Service and support FS on page 2 46 OK Press the F5 OK key to return to the SETUP menu Note You cannot access the Enable factory tests menu this is reserved for Scintrex Customer Service personnel only SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Instrument Setup GPS screen P The GPS menu allows you to control an internal GPS receiver c S In the SetUp screen press the arrow keys to bring the cursor to GPS icon The word GPS will then be highlighted as illustrated below PRESS Enters Press the ENTER key SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 The following screen will then appear GPS 43 79349 79 58943 UTC Tine UTC Oote 18 14 47 2008 11 7 Easting Horthings 619919 424 4850016 528 3 d 4 188 138 Important If your antenna is not connected or the line of sight to the satellites is blocked the number of satellites will be zero PRESS Set up screen If no GPS unit is detected the following message will appear at the bottom of the screen Error No Comm with GPS tmout If there is miscommunication between the GPS antenna and the internal GPS board the follwoing message will appear at the bottom of the screen GPS setup The GPS setup screen as its name indicates allows the user to choose the appropriate datum and set the GPS mode to either s
133. ou will not be able to transfer data from your SARIS to your PC without having SCTUTIL installed in your PC If you are unsure of this procedure please refer to Installing SCTUTIL on page C 2 Dumping data from your SARIS using the USB port In the Com Parameters window of the SCTUTIL program make sure that USB Interface is enabled To enable this interface click on the USB window as illustrated below uolpssdo SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 1 Field Operation EZ SCTUTIL Scintrex Utiliti Dump Operating System v USB Interface R5232 setup Port 1 Connection Preferences ir Elow Control Com E Data Bits e None a or Maximum Speed 4 Parity None Cer E 3600 zi Stop Bits h zl C Xon RTS Power up your SARIS by pressing the ON key Connect your USB cable to the your PC Connect your USB cable to your SARIS Note y If this is the first time that you are dumping through the USB port your PC will then recognize the new hardware and prompt you through the installation Your SARIS USB driver is located on the SCTUTIL CD ROM If this is not the case or you are unsure of this procedure refer to Installing your USB driver on page C 13 a SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Dumping data Note In the Dump window of the SCTUTIL program you can enable Keep Log File this will produce a complete l
134. polarizable medium are large in comparison with its depth below surface as is often the case particularly in investigation of porphyry copper type deposits a two layer approximation is adequate SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Theoretical curves based on this approximation Figure 10 may be used to interpret the results of expanding Wenner or Three Electrode array depth determinations SEMHER Of THEE CL GTA Rae Fi EF 4 maaimepm ea a chen DET Fi i jh rg z yy al y P Lo rau em ud Figure 10 Theoretical response of two layer earth Wenner or Three Electrode array For more complex geometries mathematical solutions in closed form are often lacking For such cases one may resort to model studies e g Figure 11 for buried dike or to computer calculated solutions ee meg ER Hh e ERR me Ff Hm aT E mr Log Hb H Bf at de m m Hi 5 x a m iF L1 a P at Ww hE sa E a Tas PN 222 wm ae iia man P5 fab Ba EN RE 4 z Git a ine u h mar TII aii i ik cani i z y t oo M a Za TES Or q ia AT ars E ora i Js T uM et rit aT Ir POSTE i E a n Tar TO HT gh oria TIS 44 Mi ppa prts am x1 Rog Nh abi nr ves TET E agi T ar te a geh zu fire 4 re Pii unge mil 4 ae a B Lu P79 73E MODELL Figure 11 Model response of a dike Dipole dipole array courtesy K Vozoff SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 POW di
135. ponses POW di A mathematical representation of I P effects has been developed by the writer Seigel 1959 which relates the observed I P response of a heterogeneous medium to the distribution of resistivities and I P characteristics To a first approximation it is equally applicable to any I P measured in the time and frequency domains SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 The Induced Polarization Method From this theory one may predict the anomalous response to be expected from a specific body with a given chargeability and resistivity contrast For example Figure 9 shows the form factor F plotted for the Three Electrode Atray for a sphere for various values of a where a is the ratio of the electrode spacing to the depth to the centre of the sphere The sphere response is proportional to F times the chargeability contrast times its volume and times a resistivity ratio factor A number of such theoretical curves for the pole dipole and gradient arrays using spheres and ellipsoids as models may be seen in the paper by Dieter 1969 et al Figure 9 Theoretical response of a sphere Three Electrode array Curves of this sort permit one to interpret anomalies due to localized bodies It will be seen that for each array there is an optimum spacing for a body at a particular depth and therefore there is some meaning to the term depth of penetration except for the gradient array When the dimensions of the
136. portional to P F E R2 or to M R As such it serves to emphasize I P effects which occur in obviously conductive environments i e concentrated sulfide deposits or sulfides and graphite in shear zones SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Since it is not a dimensionless factor nor a true single physical property it is subject to variation related to the changes of shape and resistivity of the medium under investigation rather than simply to variations in polarization characteristics In my opinion the metal factor has some merit in emphasizing I P anomalies due to concentrated metallic bodies but should not be used as a primary indicator of abnormal I P conditions Field Equipment Figure 4 shows a block diagram of apparatus commonly used in field operations with the time domain method and the primary current and resultant voltage wave forms The transient voltage amplitudes are considerably exaggerated to be visible TRANSMITTER PRIMARY POWER HIGH VOLTAGE D C POWER C BATTERIES ORA C MOTOR 4 SUPPLY CURRENT ELECTRODES GENERATOR SET VACUUM OR S C R c PROGRAMMER PRIMARY VOLTAGE AND PROGRAMMER c POLARIZATION TRIGERRED BY PRIMARY POTENTIAL ELECTRODES TRANSIENT MEASURING UNIT VOLTAGE PULSE M WAVE FORMS PRIMARY CURRENT T l t o p TRANSIENT VOLTAGE MEASURED VOLTAGE f A VOLTAGE coni STEADY STATE PRIMARY VOLTAGE POW di Figure 4 Time Domain Apparatus B
137. purposes only All other cable parameters are fully editable No electrodes The number of electrodes a cable has refers to the number of takeouts on the cable In the case of two 25 takeout cable which are daisy chained end to end the total number of electrodes will then be 50 electrodes Enter the number of electrodes 50 as a numeric parameter Please refer to Alphanumeric entry example 1 on page 1 19 if you are unsure of the procedure The number of sections usually depends on the type of cable for instance a sounding will always need two cable sections because the sounding point is always in the center of the array In this case you will be using one section of cables Important For the time being only one section imaging is supported SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 c Set up screen Press the right or left arrow key to toggle between one or two sections You will also notice the following icons appearing besides the number of sections For one section For two sections The base spacing between the electrodes can be set to any number as long as it is compatible with your cable This value can be set from 0 1 to 10000 Hint You can use a smaller spacing with any imaging cable Remember however to measure your electrode spacing precisely otherwise your apparent resistivities could be erroneous Enter the electrode spacing as a numeric parameter Please refe
138. r 7 i ks nd I C Steve UNE FIGURE Id k b Figure 14 Geophysical and drilling results Lead Zinc Copper Ore Body Heath Steel Mine New Brunswick Canada courtesy P Hallof In many types of ore deposits the bulk of the LP response is due to the accessory non economic sulfides usually pyrite and pyrrhotite and the ore minerals themselves are in the minority A true test of the sensitivity of the I P method is an example of a low grade disseminated deposit with no such accessory minerals PouLeW di SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 The Induced Polarization Method Figure 15 illustrates such a case with an I P discovery section over the Gortdrum copper silver mercury deposit in Ireland ARARAT ia p ci a p f i s n Fr p ii r n a m i E igy t mgt t nl ri l 1 1 i s i oy Lae ELESETT 7 E A i F F 1 ki 5 ia a LT L tn i I a UI j a s 1 Na E i a j D m i F A E r w e i E T r ae z z j sr ht 1 a I Aa umm C 1 EX S i i el L z p Lm gt ua i i T a E m p cms 3 s E i 7 1 r1 Th 6 E nma 4 ura FAULT i DEV HIAM OLO EEG EAHDSFTONE canaunusirrRn us 3 BILOMITIC LIMESTIONE SALE G s 20 L z 2 9 1 a a T Cu Figure 15 Geophysical and drilling results Copper Silver Ore Body Gortdrum Mines Ireland courtesy Gortdrum Mines Ltd The ore minerals consist of cha
139. r to Alphanumeric entry example 1 on page 1 19 if you are unsure of the procedure The units will remain as metres Press the right or left arrow key to toggle between meter and feet SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Instrument Setup PRESS PRESS Press the F3 FUNCT EDIT key to exit the EDIT mode Your edit cable screen should resemble the following EDIT CABLE Hame ICS 1 5B electrodes Type Ho electrodes Section Spacing 1 bk FUNCT EDIT Units METER SAVE Sel ti Chs Enter s Once the cable parameter values are acceptable press the F5 SAVE key to accept them save the new virtual cable and to return to the cable list screen SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Set up screen When you return to the Cable Select menu see Selecting a cable on page 2 4 you will notice that your virtual cable is in the list of available cables as illustrated below CABLE LIST ICS 1_ imaging ICS 1 58 electrodes Select ti Fi 2 Exit FS You can now select it as any other cable SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Instrument Setup Transmitter screen The transmitter screen allows the user to select the operating options for the transmitted current c S In the Setup screen press the arrow keys to bring your cursor to the transmitter icon The word Transmitter will then be highlighted as illustrated below
140. rd separation of your standard imaging cable you will find it much more practical to create a new virtual cable indicating the new electrode separation In the Cable screen press the arrow keys to bring your cursor to the Copy icon The word Copy will then be highlighted as illustrated below PRESS Emera Press the Enter key SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 eo PRESS Set up screen The following screen will then appear CABLE LIST ICS 1_ imaging Select t1 Fi Z Exit FS Press the up or down arrow keys to bring the cursor to the chosen cable The cable will then be highlighted as illustrated below ICS 1 Imaging To copy this cable press the FA COPY key The following screen will then appear Sel ti Chs AlPhoa EDIT CABLE EMA ICS 1 imaging Type Ho electrodes Section Spacing FUNCT EDIT Units METER CANCEL SAVE SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Instrument Setup O PRESS PRESS SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Press the up or down arrow keys to bring the cursor to the chosen parameter you want to edit Press the F3 FUNCT EDIT key to choose the EDIT mode Press the F2 CLEAR ALL key to clear the name field Enter the cable name as an alphanumeric value this can be up to 19 characters long Please refer to Alphanumeric entry example 2 on page 1 20 if you are unsure of the procedur
141. re illustrated During the measurement and also once the measurement is completed the SARIS also displays the voltage waveform at the MN electrodes Performing the next measurement Schlumberger sounding In the automatic mode i e with mode set to CABLE AUTO with an automated sounding cable and the multi electrode interface module attached the next reading will be performed automatically without user intervention Therefore if you are in SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 uolpssdo Field Operation PRESS PRESS PRESS PRESS automatic mode this section can be skipped and you should proceed to Inverting your Schlumberger sounding on page 3 13 To repeat a reading or to proceed to the next sounding measurement press the reading key you will then be returned to the Schlumberger Sounding Electrode Setup menu You can now proceed to take the next measurement either by Ifapreset table of electrode positions has been chosen By pressing the Fl next ab key The SARIS will automatically insert the next set of ab and mn values from the preset table or If not By pressing the F3 FUNCT EDIT key to choose the EDIT mode and manually entering the new ab and mn values Press the FS INJECT key to start injecting current You can repeat the procedures in this section until you have obtained all the points on your sounding curve SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 PRESS PR
142. recording SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 uolpssdo Field Operation Recalling data During the course of your soundings or profiles you may want to recall any stored data regardless of when it was stored RECALL PRESS 9 To access the recall screen press the RECALL key YZ The following screen will then appear RECALL SEARCH BY ID NUMBER ID Eastins Line B Horthins B Altitude B Rz imuth B Array WENNER PROF ILE Select t Chanse 4 You can recall data sequentially from every file that was stored in memory Note A survey can contain as many soundings and profiles as you wish Each sounding or profile is identified with its unique identification number ID within a particular survey SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 9 PRESS Recalling data Scrolling through your surveys If you have more than one survey in your data file you will be able to scroll through each survey in your data file Each survey is stored sequentially in the order it was created In the recall screen press the up or down arrow keys to bring the cursor to the survey parameter field as illustrated on page 3 34 The word survey will then be highlighted as illustrated below Press the right or left arrow key to toggle between surveys The survey name will then appear in the parameter field and the parameters of the first sounding or profile will also appear as illustr
143. reen press the INFO key PRESS INFO T STU About the instrument The following screen will then appear as an overlay to the screen being presently displayed SETUP MENU SYSTEM INFO Instrument Model 735500 Instrument Ver 1 software ver 3 7 serial s 10 RAM Memory 512 Kb FLASH Memory 1008 Kb Data Memory Free 35 x Battery 24 0 Uu Inner Temperature 25 C Press 7 to close the window Select ti GoTo Enter OK The information topics illustrated on the screen are in order Instrument model number Instrument version Software version Serial number e Quantity of RAM available Quantity of flash memory available e Percentage of free memory e Battery voltage Inner temperature of the unit Press the INFO key to return to the previous screen SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Getting Started Keyboard operations There are several basic keyboard operations that will be repeated throughout the manual These operations are as follows e entering values in field e editing fields entering alphanumeric values For purposes of clarity and briefness we shall enumerate these procedures only once Where in the manual these procedures are called upon we shall refer to the present section Entering values in fields There are two types of parameter fields Fields with preset values Fields with no preset values As a general example let us
144. rouble shoot The log file contains all the settings of your SARIS Setting the communication parameters Before you can transfer data or upload the most recent version of SARIS operating software you must set the proper baud rate as well as the correct number of data bits Click on the Com Parameters window to set the communication parameters SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 o o Q 5 Field Operation The following screen will then appear 33 SCTUTIL Scintrex Utilities Dump Operating_System Rev 1 0 23 v USB Interface Cancel RS232 setup Port m Connection Preferences Flaw Control Com zl Data Bits e v None m Maximum Speed Parity None c BN 3600 H Stop Bits fi Xon RTS Click on USB interface to disable it The default setting for the SARIS is USB enabled Select the desired baud rate number of data bits stop bits and parity the default values are 19200 8 1 and n Important Your baud rate data bits and stop bits have to be the same on your SARIS and your PC Select flow control the default is none To select your com port click on the down arrow located beside the com1 selection 1 SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Dumping data The following screen will then appear sa SCTUTIL Scintrex Utilities Rev 1 0 19 Select the desired co
145. rt 735700 Revision 1 1 SCS 256 Cable System Part no 735032 This system consists of two 256m sounding cables with 10 takeouts at the following positions 0 5 1 0 2 0 4 0 8 0 16 0 32 0 64 0 128 0 and 256 0 metres Offset Wenner measurements are taken for the following spacings 0 5 1 0 2 0 4 0 8 0 16 0 32 0 64 0 and 128 0 metres Intermediate Wenner resistances are calculated for spacings 1 5 3 0 6 0 12 0 24 0 48 0 96 0 and 192 0 and 256 0 metres PETIT J2SHO SCS 96 Cable System Part no 735033 This system consists of two 96m sounding cables with 15 takeouts at the following positions 0 5 1 0 1 5 2 0 3 0 4 0 6 0 8 0 12 0 16 0 24 0 32 0 48 0 64 0 and 96 0 metres Schlumberger resistances are calculated for AB 2 of 1 0 1 5 2 0 3 0 4 0 6 0 8 0 12 0 16 0 24 0 32 0 48 0 64 0 and 96 0 metres using the following table SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Offset Wenner Sounding AB 2 m MN 2 m 1 0 0 25 1 0 0 5 2 0 0 5 3 0 0 5 4 0 0 5 4 0 1 0 6 0 1 0 8 0 1 0 12 0 1 0 12 0 3 0 16 0 3 0 24 0 3 0 32 0 3 0 48 0 3 0 48 0 16 0 64 0 16 0 96 0 16 0 Table A 1 Equivalence table for MN 2 and AB 2 for the SCS 96 cable An intermediate Wenner resistance is calculated for 64 0 metres SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 SCS 192 Cable System Part no 735034 This system consists of two 192m sounding cables with 17 takeouts at the
146. s are greatly reduced The mean resistance denoted Rp or Rw is plotted at the sounding point Furthermore the Offset Wenner technique allows you to calculate intermediate points on the Wenner sounding curve This increases the number of points on the sounding curve and can improve the subsequent inversion of data The calculation of these intermediate points is based on the following formulae R 3a 0 5 Ry 2a Rg 2a Rp a 0 5 R 4a D Ry 4a 2 R 2a Ry 2a 2 The former formula 2 is typically used only to calculate the last point on the Wenner sounding curve Resistances Ra Rg and R are illustrated below SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Ra A M N B v v v v v Rp A B M N wv wv wv wv v A M B N v v v v v PITT EEA TTo 2 Figure 2 Intermediate Resistances RA Rg and Rc For purposes of quality control the following formulae are also used Ra Rpt Rc 3 Obs Error Ra a Rg a Re a Ra a 4 Offset Error Rp a Rp2 a Rp a 5 Where Ry a Rp a Rp a Rp2 a 2 6 Technical Description of the Offset Sounding amp Schlumberger Cables A total of six standard Offset Wenner sounding cables are available SCS 64 series SCS 96 series SCS 64 SCS 96 SCS 128 SCS 192 SCS 256 SCS 384 SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 11 Offset Wenner Sounding The SCS 96 series allows the user to perform Offset Wenner and Schlumberger soundings w
147. s are presented different formats pseudo sections in the frequency domain versus profiles in or contour plans in the time domain PouLeW di SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 The Induced Polarization Method The Metal Factor which is a mixture of physical properties is commonly presented with frequency domain measurements only These differences are largely superficial and are based on separate historical developments and subjective preferences There is a direct mathematical transformation between I P measurements in the two domains Theoretically at least the same information can be obtained in either domain Practically however there are certain differences The time domain measurements are absolute i e are measured in the absence of the steady state voltage and are disturbed only by earth noises as a background The amplitude of these measurements is usually less than 1 of the steady state voltage but even so they can usually be made to an accuracy of better than 10 per cent even in unmineralized rocks The limit of useful sensitivity is related only to the regional uniformity of the background LP response In the frequency domain the I P response is measured as a difference in transfer impedances This difference can be measured with an accuracy of only 0 3 with extremely stable equipment Since the non metallic background P F E over the interval of 0 1 to 2 5 c p s is usually less than 1 the prob
148. s read only A You will then browse for the SARIS system sys files sent to you by Scintrex Once you have found it click Open If your are using your USB cable the upgrade will then start and should be completed in a very short time If you are using an RS 232 cable instead proceed to the next section Using the RS 232 cable to upgrade On your SARIS press the arrow keys to bring the cursor to the software upgrade menu SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Scintrex Utilities Program PRESS OR PRESS The phrase software upgrade will then be highlighted as illustrated below Software upgrade Press the ENTER key You will then be prompted to do one of the following To cancel this operation press the FI CANCEL key or to continue press the ENTER key The following message will then appear on the SARIS screen REPROGRAMMING OPERATING SYSTEM Once the message has disappeared the reprogramming of your SARIS is complete Note The SCTUTIL program will also indicate that the reprogramming is proceeding Please wait that the SARIS powers down for the reprogramming to be complete When the SARIS is powered up an hourglass will appear for five seconds SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Installing your USB driver The USB driver is located on your SCTUTIL CD ROM Before transferring data in USB mode from your SARIS to your PC you must first install this driver o
149. s the up or down arrow keys to bring the cursor SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 PRESS PRESS PRESS Set up screen The cable will then be highlighted as illustrated below ICS 1 Imaging To select this cable press the F4 SELECT key The cable will then be selected as illustrated below ux ICS 1 Imaging And the following screen will then appear CABLE LIST ue ICS 1 imaging ICS 1_ imaging Select ti Fi 2 Exit FS Note If you marked the wrong cable by mistake you can always unmark a cable by pressing the F3 MARK key again To delete this cable press the F4 DELETE key Once the selection is acceptable press the F5 OK key to return to the Cable screen SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 11 Instrument Setup Copying a cable LI When you are daisy chaining imaging cables i e connecting several imaging cables end to end you will find it much more practical to create a new virtual cable comprising the totality of all the electrodes on the daisy chained cables What is a virtual cable A virtual cable is a list of electrode positions A virtual cable is treated like a real cable in the sense but does not exist in a physical sense For a detailed example on how to create a virtual cable see Creating a virtual cable example 1 on page 2 15 Hint When you are modifying your cable separation i e using a smaller separation than the standa
150. s will increase the chargeability by about 2 3 times depending on the host rock type Figure 17 shows a section across each of two anomalous I P areas in the Pine Point area Northwest Territories Canada LL ad EH AHAYIT Y muL 15 Lr Tea Te ile LEGian P PROFILES id cas ri pees PROFILE ku sB opm L 121 TG Ww PPEDFILER BLESS L T amp 0 W GgHAVITT PROFILE 1 s ARTI iene phe dod oF phai Northwest Territories Canada 1358 GLEE m dnr WETEISR Figure 17 Possible ambiguity of induced polarization results Pine Point Area Section A is a discovery traverse across an ore body containing one half million tons of 11 4 per cent combined Pb and Zn and coming within 40 ft of the ground surface Section B is a traverse across what proved by drilling to E SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 POW di The Induced Polarization Method be a karst sink hole filled in with a variety of unconsolidated material including boulders and clay Based upon the chargeability amplitudes and the relative resistivity depressions the second case would appear to be far more promising than the first In such cases the gravimeter has sometime proven to be of value in resolving the two types of occurrence but there is the very real possibility of the coincidence of a sink hole and a lead zinc deposit which would give rise to an uncertain resulting gravity
151. screen Optional header parameters The client name can be any alphanumeric value up to 19 characters long The operator name can be any alphanumeric value up to 19 characters long Optional survey reference point parameters The easting is the east coordinate of your grid reference point This number can be set to any value from 9999999 to 9999999 or E W The northing is the north coordinate of your grid reference point This number can be set to any value from 9999999 to 9999999 or N S The azimuth value is the direction clockwise from true North of your grid system The altitude is the value of the elevation of your grid reference point either above mean sea level or relative to any particular point This number can be set to any value from 9999999 to 9999999 SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 1 Instrument Setup PRESS PRESS lt q The UTM zone of your grid reference point Consult the topographic map of your sector The difference between your time zone and UTC time Coordinated Universal Time When you are finished editing the parameters press the F3 FUNCT EDIT key to exit the EDIT mode Note The reference point parameters can also be filled in by the internal GPS if it is installed Reading coordinates with the GPS module If a GPS module is installed connect your GPS antenna to the coaxial connector located on the top of your SARIS console Press the F2 READ GPS
152. seful measurements may be made with primary voltages as low as 300 microvolts Figure 5b shows a complete typical modern time domain induced polarization unit Scintrex MKVII of which the Newmont type receiver above is a part SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Figure 5b Typical modern Time Domain I P unit Scintrex Mk VII Figure 6 shows a block diagram of a typical frequency domain field apparatus and voltage wave form Since the primary current and earth voltages are usually measured by separate devices and their ratio employed to obtain the apparent earth resistivity and its variation with frequency it is common practice to adjust the current to a standard value and maintain it there to the required accuracy SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 POW di The Induced Polarization Method TRANSMITTER HIGH VOLTAGE D C POWER c PRIMARY POWER SUPPLY CURRENT ELECTRODES BATTERIES ORA C MOTOR VACUUM OR S C R f GENERATOR SET CURRENT REGULATION TIMING UNIT FILTER C METER RECTIFIER amp POTENTIAL ELECTRODES AMPLIFIER L C WAVE FORM Both primary current and measured voltage Figure 6 Frequency Domain Apparatus Block Diagram and Wave Forms The primary wave form is usually a commutated D C Commonly up to 6 frequencies are available in the range of 0 05 to 10 c p s Figure 7 shows a typical modern frequenc
153. t CIS LE d In the Cable screen press the arrow keys to bring your cursor to the Copy icon The word Copy will then be highlighted as illustrated below Press the Enter key to access the preset copy menu The following screen will then appear PRESET LIST xr E Select t1 Fi 2 EXxit F5 Press the up or down arrow keys to bring the cursor to the chosen preset The preset will then be highlighted as illustrated below MGS SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Instrument Setup PRESS eo PRESS SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 To copy this preset press the FA COPY key The following screen will then appear EDIT PRESET POSITS Nome MGS SCHLUH Ho points FUNCT EDIT CANCEL SAVE Sel ti Cha Press the up or down arrow keys to bring the cursor to the chosen parameter you want to edit Press the F2 CLEAR ALL key to clear the name field Enter the cable name as an alphanumeric value this can be up to 19 characters long Please refer to Alphanumeric entry example 2 on page 1 20 if you are unsure of the procedure PRESS Set up screen You can choose either Wenner or Schlumberger as your sounding type Press the right or left arrow key to toggle between WENNER and SCHLUM The number of points on a preset refers to the number of electrode positions in the preset list Enter the number of electrode positions as a num
154. t direction then you would choose E W You can also choose to identify direction according to the azimuth from true AZ For an explanation of the survey reference azimuth see Optional survey reference point parameters on page 2 57 Press the right or left arrow key to toggle between N S E W and AZ The position of your profile relative to the Y axis of your survey reference point The elevation of the position of the first electrode in your profile either above mean sea level or relative to the survey reference point For an explanation of the survey reference point altitude see Optional survey reference point parameters on page 2 57 The azimuth of your profile either relative to true north or to your grid reference azimuth This parameter appears on the screen only if you have chosen AZ as the Line Direction For an explanation of the grid reference azimuth see Optional survey reference point parameters on page 2 57 p SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 1 4 uolpssdo Field Operation Ist Station X The position of the first electrode in your profile relative to the survey reference point The station increment that you want your profile to increase by The default value is 1 Base Spacing The spacing between each successive electrode It is usually denoted as a and is also known as the fundamental electrode spacing for your profile array The default value is 1
155. th oriented lines will have an E or W suffix depending if they are located either east or west of the grid origin Furthermore east west lines will have a N or S suffix depending if they are located either north or south of the grid origin Press the right or left arrow key to set the grid system The units are either metres or feet Press the right or left arrow key to set the units Sounding Prof Bhole You can select the initial array to be used in the survey This array is either a sounding array or an imaging array Note The initial array type can be changed at any moment during your survey You are not bound by your initial selection SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Survey screen Press the right or left arrow key to set the survey type to either sounding or profile If you choose Profile an icon illustrating a typical profiling electrode array will appear at the right of the highlighted word profile as illustrated below Profile eas onda If you choose Sounding an icon illustrating a typical sounding electrode array will appear at the right of the highlighted word sounding as illustrated below Sounding Bra AMAE You can choose the array type to be used Note There are several types of arrays for sounding and profiling The available arrays for sounding are Schlumberger Wenner Offset Wenner e Dipole dipole The available arrays for profiling are Schlumb
156. the U S A 900 Woodrow Lane Suite 100 Denton Texas 76201 tel 940 591 7755 fax 940 591 1968 e mail i richardj scintrexusa com In Australia P O Box 125 83 Jijaws Street Brisbane QLD 4074 tel 61 7 3376 5188 fax 61 7 3376 6626 e mail Auslog auslog com au SCINTREX
157. ts in non metallically mineralized areas for a given current wave form are constant within better than 20 Significant departures from these ratios usually imply an abnormal condition either an anomalous metallic polarization response electromagnetic or interline coupling Figure 19 shows a range of transient curves and their possible cause For each case the normal transient curve is also shown These cases illustrate the sensitivity of the L M ratio to the transient time constant A significant increase in L M implies an abnormally short time constant Case A reflecting either positive E M effects or small particle size This should in either case normally be accompanied by an increase in apparent chargeability M cdm imm wp mis mas E pde mig eum smin uina g LII 4 Ie a s cp h H 1L i on m b Jam Fi Figure 19 Significance of curve shape L M information SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 A modest increase in L M ratio reflecting an increase in time constant Case B may reflect either the presence of large particle size in metallic conductors in which event an increase in M may or may not be appreciably reduced Cases C and D show the effect of reversed polarity E M transients of increasing amplitude In Case C there is a short term Vt reversal and although M is only slightly reduced L M is considerably reduced In Case D which is considerably more extreme Vt is still rising at 0 45 seco
158. ty may only be about 5 which is not significant This problem is often encountered in very and areas e g parts of Peru Chile and other desert regions Despite these slight effective differences both methods of I P exploration have amply demonstrated their value through important mineral discoveries in many parts of the world The role of I P in mineral exploration is well acknowledged and rapidly expanding The writer wishes to thank the various sources of case histories and illustrations cited in the text and in particular Dr Keeva Vozoff and Dr Philip Hallof for valuable contributions SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Bibliography Bleil D F 1953 Induced Polarization A Method of Geophysical Prospecting Geophysics Vol 18 pp 636 661 Bodmer R Ward S H and Morrison H F 1968 On Induced Electrical Polarization and Groundwater Geophysics Vol 33 pp 605 821 Dakhnov B N 1941 Electrical Well Logging Interpretation of Electric Logs Moscow Chapter I V Dieter K Paterson N R and Grant P S 1969 LP and Resistivity Type Curves for Three Dimensional Bodies Geophysics Vol 34 pp 615 632 Hallof P G 1957 On the Interpretation of Resistivity and Induced Polarization Results Doctoral hesis M I T Department of Geology and Geophysics Kotizarov B A 1967 Induced Polarization Method Lecture read at Interregional Seminar of UNO on New Methods f
159. typical resistivity profile or sounding is illustrated below sem Ro 56 35 f m E3 lt 00H E OFF le EZ 1 xe o9 d Q Ga 1 d o E EH Deeg at DK e 10 zu m PRESS To adjust the horizontal scale press the F1 ZOOM OFF Key SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Field Operation y PRESS PRESS SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Note When ZOOM is off twenty metres feet of data are illustrated When ZOOM is on two hundred metres feet are illustrated If you are performing a multi separation profile or sounding the data will be illustrated as table of resistivity values A typical resistivity table is illustrated below Ro C mn 360 1 11H40 3601 7203 12601 20168 360 Z 1441 H 00E 3601 7204 NEXT PAGE OK If you have more than one page of data points press the F2 NEXT PAGE key To return to a previous page of data points press the F1 PREV PAGE key Dumping data Dumping data After you have collected your survey data you will want to transfer the data from your SARIS to a PC for future and more advanced processing You can dump either through RS 232 cable or through your USB cable We recommend that you dump your data every day Important N If you are dumping data from your SARIS for the first time you must first install the Scintrex Utilities program supplied to you with your SARIS Y
160. ule is not connected properl SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Connect multi electrode interface module to electronics module Saris operation error messages Saris operation error messages During normal operation errors messages do not appear However when an erroneous operation or procedure is made error messages will appear The following table lists the error messages that you may encounter during operation of your SARIS Please do not hesitate to contact your nearest Scintrex office See Customer service on page 4 1 for the office nearest you Error Message Open Loop MN Possible cause Bad contact on one or both of the potential electrodes Possible solution Check contact resistances or for a broken wire or loose contacts with the takeouts see note at the bottom of the page Open Loop AB Bad contact on one or both of the current electrodes Check contact resistances or for a broken wire or loose contacts with the takeouts see note at the bottom of the page Not Enough Power Requested current setting exceeds power capabilities of the SARIS Reduce the current Defective Transmitter Failure code T01 The analog board fuse may be blown Contact your nearest Customer Service Office Defective Transmitter Failure code T02 The analog board fuse may be blown Note When working with imaging cables and after having improved th
161. wing screen will then appear Add New Hardware Wizard The hardware you are installing is Plug and Play compatible To install the software necessary to support your new hardware click Next SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Click on Next Wait for the installation to complete Once the installation is complete the following screen will then appear Add New Hardware Wizard Windows has finished installing the software necessary to support your new hardware Re boot your PC to acknowledge the changes Your USB driver is now installed SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Scintrex Utilities Program SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Ka The Induced Polarization Method The following article originally written by Dr Harold O Seigel past President of Scintrex explains the induced polarization method Despite the fact that this article refers to now obsolete instrumentation the basis of the method has remained unchanged Introduction The induced polarization method is based on the electrochemical phenomenon of overvoltage that is on the establishment and detection of double layers of electrical charge at the interface between ionic and electronic conducting material when an electrical current is caused to pass across the interface In practice two different field techniques Time Domain and Frequency Domain have been employed to execute surveys with this
162. y domain measuring unit This unit has a high degree of power line frequency 50 c p s to 60 c p s rejection Figure 7 Typical modern Frequency Domain Receiver Geoscience SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 It measures both the primary voltage and the change of primary voltage with change in operating frequency the latter to an accuracy of about 0 3 where the former exceeds 100 microvolts It has the added feature of a phase lock voltmeter which assists in making measurements under low signal to noise conditions Electrode arrays Common field electrode arrays are shown in Figure 8 at miu ee a BaL ET E f EM m Figure 8 Common field electrode arrays The electrodes marked C are current electrodes and those marked P are potential or measuring electrodes Each of the electrode arrays has its own advantages and disadvantages in respect of depth of penetration labour requirements for moving susceptibility to earth noise electromagnetic earth transients and interline coupling POW di SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 The Induced Polarization Method The following table summarizes the features of these arrays Array ae t d Advantages Disadvantages Wenner Time For local vertical pro Poor depth filing penetration Requires four linemen Three Electrode Time and Three linemen Susceptible to or Pole Dipole Frequency Universal coupling surface masking Good depth e
163. y icon The word Copy will then be highlighted as illustrated below PRESS Enters Press the Enter key SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Instrument Setup The following screen will then appear CABLE LIST ICS 1_ imaging Select ti Fi 2 Exit FS Press the up or down arrow keys to bring the cursor to the chosen cable eo The cable will then be highlighted as illustrated below ICS 1 Imaging PRESS To copy this cable press the F4 COPY key SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 e PRESS PRESS Set up screen The following screen will then appear EDIT CRBLE EMA ICS 1 imasins Type Ho electrodes Section Spacing FUNCT EDIT Units METER CANCEL SAVE Sel ti Cha alpha Press the up or down atrow keys to bring the cursor to the chosen parameter you want to edit Press the F3 FUNCT EDIT key to choose the EDIT mode Press the F2 CLEAR ALL key to clear the name field Enter the cable name ICS 1 50 electrodes as an alphanumeric value Please refer to Alphanumeric entry example 2 on page 1 20 if you are unsure of the procedure SARIS Manual part 735700 Revision 1 1 Instrument Setup e You will not change the type it will remain as an imaging cable Press the right or left arrow key to toggle between sounding and imaging Important You cannot edit your type of cable This is indicated for information

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