RIMS Guide-v04
Contents
1. For a complete list of the characteristics that would require field staff to reserve a route number refer to Appendix A What program is used to reserve a route number Route numbers are reserved in RIMS Any VDOT staff with access to RIMS can reserve a route number What is the protocol for reserving numbers Although any available route number can be reserved VDOT has established a set of guidelines that determine what numbers can be applied to what road types These requirements are shown on page 20 What are the steps for reserving a route number Step 1 On the RIMS Menu Bar select Manage and Route Reservation Step 2 Select the maintenance jurisdiction using one of two methods sorting by Name or by Code Springvale Estates which is located Step 3 Chose a starting route number based on the VDOT guidance for choosing a route number This number should be chosen by determining the appropriate type of route and using the lowest number in the corresponding range for the Starting Route Number In this scenario the routes begin added are therefore the Starting Route Number should be ____ Step 4 Chose the number of routes that are needed It is also possible to specify if the route numbers should be consecutive In this case there is only one route being added so it does not matter if the route numbers are consecutive If for example phase two included three new road segments would be important that the numbers2. E GIS ITD GIS RIMU RIMS i STAFF STAFF STAFF J 1 6 TMPD Data Verification Finalize and Close i 7 Out the ICR 090 RIMU RIMS RIMU RIMS STAFF STAFF Section 11 Types of Road Changes This section provides basic example steps for each type of adjustment that can be made in RIMS Each description provides additional resources for a more detailed understanding of the process The two companion guides referenced in this section are the RIMS Business Guide and the RIMS User Manual The Business Guide provides an overview and processes for inventory updating and general step by step instructions for performing basic tasks The User Manual provides more Z rx dais detailed instructions for using each screen of the RIMS ER GE Ak application Su ag gt 2 The following shows each of the road change types that can be completed in RIMS This diagram will be grouped by type i e the categories used in the draft outline Addition ADTN Labeled as Addition in DACHS An Addition ADTN is used for a new route using a new route number or an extension to the end of a route continuing the same route VA222 number VA222 Realignment Labeled as an Addition in DACHS VA222 VA222 TE 1 Add RALN A Realignment Add RALN is used for an extension to the beginning or middle of an existing route A realignment uses the same route
3. number but changes the length and or the starting point of the route Abandonment Labeled as an Abandonment in DACHS ABAN An Abandonment ABAN is used if the roadway is e Not being used and or maintained e The abandoned section is not being replaced by a new road called an isolated abandonment and VA222 e The road being abandoned still exists 10 Discontinuance Labeled as a Discontinuance in DACHS DICO A Discontinuance DICO is used for an isolated discontinuance the abandoned section is not being replaced by a new road This means that the route number will be removed This typically occurs when VDOT stops maintaining a roadway VA222 Pond St Delete DELE Labeled as an Abandon in DACHS A Delete DELE is used if the roadway is e Not being used and or maintained e The abandoned section is not being replaced by a new road called an isolated abandonment and Building e The road has been physically removed for example replaced by buildings VA222 Renumber Labeled as a Transfer in DACHS RENU A Renumber RENU is used for when a route is given a new route number This can occur when a road changes classification or is transferred across highways systems SR999 VA999 Note When a renumber occurs the existing route is always removed from the centerline Renumber Labeled as a Renumber in DACHS RENU A Renumber RENU is used for when a route is
4. result of new construction Additions can be new roadways that will be assigned a new route number or extensions to the end of existing routes It is important to note that extending either the beginning or the middle of an existing route is not considered an addition T The Scenario For these instructions assume that a developer is creating a new subdivision called Springvale Estates The project will be completed in three phases and new housing will be added during each phase In addition to the new homes the developer will also be building roads to improve access to the neighborhood During the first phase of construction the developer will be adding a road called Springvale Meadow Lane When the road is completed the responsibility for the road segment will be transferred to the county In order to ingrate the road with the road inventory the county will have to assign a new route number to Springvale Meadow Lane The county will then be responsible for any future maintenance What makes this scenario unique Every addition is slightly different depending on the scenario The following factors are important elements of this scenario but might not apply to all additions e Because the project will take place in three phases and new roadways will be added during each phase the locality should request reserved route numbers ahead of time to ensure that all of the new routes in Springvale Estates will be assigned route numbers that are seq
5. FF What data must be reviewed before making the route active Once the ICR has been located it is important to review the data The required fields include How can I find an old ICR To review the route data the user must first identify the proper route in RIMS This is done using the ICR Search function located in the ICR menu There are two methods for locating an ICR The first is to use the Pre set Filters which allows the user to find ICRs that are e Created by Me e Assigned to Me or e Assigned to My Group If it is not possible to find the ICR using the Pre set Filters use the Advanced Search option The screen displayed below provides a number of search methods for locating an ICR How is the reserved route made active 0 0 Check Data and Make Reserved Routes Active 23 5 Update Map and Network When an ICR is active it is submitted to the Centerline Editors During this phase the Centerline Editors GIS ITD perform a series of tasks including splitting edges to create new intersections create centerline STAFF STAFF geometry assign measures and routes to edges and adjust any other data as required by the project When the LRS has been completed the RNS team will review the data and the centerline edits When both the Centerline Editors and RNS team have ensured the accuracy of the data the ICR status is changed back to Review 6 TMPD Data Verification TMPD is the data owner for fun
6. Introduction Welcome to the Roadway Inventory Management System RIMS Tutorial This guide is a companion to the RIMS Business Guide and the RIMS User Guide This tutorial contains specific use cases and detailed examples that will introduce you to the tasks screens and data inputs necessary to successfully use RIMS This guide contains four sections These are Introduction Types of Road Changes Examples Appendix The Road Inventory What is the Road Inventory The road inventory contains important information about the public roads in the state of Virginia It includes data such as the road name route number length and location It also includes physical characteristics such as the number of lanes and pavement type Road ownership and maintenance responsibility are also stored in the inventory What is the Road Inventory used for The road inventory is crucial for project development maintenance and operations tasks Some important tasks that might require the road inventory include highway safety analysis traffic monitoring and pavement management External reporting requirements such as reporting to FHWA and the HPMS also require the road inventory data Fulfilling the road inventory requirements are crucial to securing Federal funding for VDOT What data are stored in the Road Inventory The amount of data stored in the inventory is dependent on the agency that maintains the road Only public roads that a
7. Width from Centerline to Property Line Right Side Operations Region data layers include VDOT Operations Region Maintenance Jurisdiction data layers include 32 Jurisdiction Maintenance Jurisdiction Physical Jurisdiction data layers Physical Jurisdiction include Physical Jurisdiction Urban Area data layers include Urban Area Urban Area Code Toll Facilities data layers include Toll Facilities Federal Toll ID Toll Facility Name Toll Type Collection Direction MPO Study Area data layers include MPO Study Area MPO Study Area Name UMIS data layers include UMIS Road Designations ROW Width Pavement Width Peak lanes UMIS eligible sections Functional Class data layers include Functional Class Federal Functional Class NHS data layers include NHS 33 Highway Names Scenic Byways CTB Access Designation Special System Snow Maps HPMS National Highway System Designation Highway Names data layers include CTB designated Highway Name Scenic Byway data layers include Byway Designation CTB Access Designation data layers include CTB Limited Access Designation Special System data layers include Special Highway System Designation Snow Map data layers include Snow Map Designation HMPS data layers include Federal Highway performance Monitoring System Sample Sections 34 Facility Type The facility type layer describes the directions
8. ation NHS National Highway System PI Proposed Inventory Segment PIM Planning and Investment Management PPTA Public Private Transportation Act RCL Road Centerline RIMS Roadway Inventory Management System RIMU Road Network System ROW Road Inventory Management Unit UMIS Urban Maintenance Inventory System VGIN Virginia Geographic Information Network 39 40
9. be consecutive as the routes are all part of the same development 18 un Route Reservation Step 5 Define the Subdivision This is a text field that can be specified by the user This field will be used to ensure that the route numbers selected will be applied to the right project once an ICR has been created Route Reservation Select one or more criteria below to see the available route numbers Step 6 Ifthe roadway is a school road the route Sort Jurisdiction Oy Name Code number must follow certain conventions Therefore it is o e Dan important to specify if a segment IS part ofa school road In this case the road is not associated with a O Starting Route Number 600 school Step 7 Ifthe roadway is divided or has many lanes it is Number of Routes 1 possible to reserve two route numbers one for each Consecutive Yes No direction In this instance all of the roadways that are being built within the development are two lanes one in O san either direction Therefore the roadways will only O ae Ka ak O Yau ten require one route which is the equivalent of one centerline in GIS Reserve Opposite Route Yes No Step 8 When the following steps have been e completed click Next Next Cancel When all the steps have been completed RIMS will select a series of available route numbers based on the required number of routes and the starting Route Number The numbers
10. ctional class National Highway System designation Urban Area and RIMS Bicycle Shared Access data Therefore they must review these items before an ICR can be completed When the data has been checked and verified the ICR is sent back to RIMU with a comment to note that the review has been completed 24 ee num RIMU STAFF RIMS 7 Finalize and Close Out the ICR 25 Checklist Creating a ICR DACHS versus RIMS An ICR can be initiated in either DACHS or RIMS This checklist is meant to help the user determine which program should be used It is important to find the one description that best fits the current project and use the corresponding software to initiate the ICR Note that generally DACHS is used for projects that will require approval before proceeding and typically deals with additions abandonments discontinuances transfers route renumbering and annexation and de annexation processes RIMS is primarily used for miscellaneous projects including general construction and urban roads Projects that are initiated in DACHS often require approval before they can proceed DACHS is designed to track approval process RIMS DACHS Some ICRs are not required to go th rough DACHS Transfers from Primary to Secondary System These projects can be created directly in RIMS using ee a Miscellaneous ICR Definition Requires approval f
11. f The centerline editors add and or modify route centerlines using the Centerline Editing Toolset CET When the road has been successfully added to the RCL with accurate mileage and location the RIMU editors review the map These steps ensure that the roadway has been accurately located on the map as the route centerline will be linked to the corresponding inventory data What other tasks can RIMS perform In addition to editing the road inventory RIMS can be used to reserve route numbers This function is particularly important for developers creating subdivisions and other large projects that will generate a number of new roadways In this case multiple route numbers can be reserved at one time to ensure continuity RIMS can also be used to query the road inventory Create a map output DACHS and RIMS in Action To update the inventory using RIMS and DACHS the following workflow shows the basic steps that should be taken the staff responsible for completing each tasks and the software that will be utilized Section 2 will elaborate on this workflow and specify the different processes for each type of edit to the road inventory Reserve New Routes Create DACHS Assembly 3 Create RIMS Inventory 1 2 Change Request ICR El HEN Es gt ES ER FIELD RIMS FIELD FIELD RIMS 1 STAFF STAFF STAFF q Update Map and Network Check Data and Make 1 5 4 Reserved Routes Active f p e n 4 zu mm mw mm Com
12. given a new route number This can occur when a road changes classification or is transferred across highways systems Note When a renumber occurs the existing route is always removed from the centerline VA999 VA222 11 SR999 VA888 SR999 VA888 VA222 Remove REMV VA888 Promote to gt gt Master PROM SR999 VA888 Split SPLT New Shopping Ctr Access Rd w Signal Realignment Add RLAN VA222 A Remove REMV is used if overlapping routes exist on a centerline and one must be removed A Promote to Master PROM I used to make an overlapping route the master route on a road centerline It can also be used to place a new route on an existing centerline and at the same time make the new route the master route Labeled as a Data Correction in DACHS A Split SPLT is used if a new intersection is added to an existing road section Labeled as an Addition in DACHS A Realignment Add RLAN is used for an extension to the beginning or middle of an existing route on a new alignment 12 Realignment Abandonment RABA Realignment Discontinuance RDIC Realignment Delete RDEL Realignment Remove RREM Labeled as an Abandon in DACHS A Realignment Abandonment RABA is used when an abandonment is happening at the same time as a realignment and the road being abandoned is still physically intact This means that a route is bei
13. he road segments in the ICR to existing or future assemblies or e Any additional issues to note In this scenario it would be important to note that the project will be completed in project that will include three phases Additional data should be input in under the Inventory Sections tab RIMS also allows the user to upload attachments that might be relevant to the project This might includes any plans drawings or Sketches of the roadway How do you upload an attachment To add a new attachment navigate to the Attachments tab and click on Add an Attachment How do you upload an attachment On the Attachments tab uploaded attachments will be listed To find a previous attachment the user can sort the list by Subject Comment Posted By Created On Last Comment Date or Number of Comments When the user has located the attachment that will be updated select the item on the list and click on the pencil icon How do you delete an attachment To delete an attachment select the attachment and click on the red x icon What if there are no sketches of the project available If there are no drawings or plans of the new roadway it is possible to add a Redline sketch of the project within RIMS and that Springvale Meadow Lane is part of a larger 22 9 Before an ICR can be activated the data should be reviewed to ensure that it is accurate Once this process is RIMU RIMS completed it will be possible to make the route active STA
14. his section describes all of the data layers that are included in the road inventory The data layers are broken into multiple groupings that are outlined below The following pages describe each of the data points in detail including the possible inputs and definitions Physical Road Characteristics Travelway A travelway represents a single roadbed with uniform cross section Travelway data layers include characteristics A travelway can be single or bi directional and may be Facility Type represented in RNS by one or two centerlines but its length may not vary by y 0 direction Each road in RNS must have continuous travelway events Couplet Access Control Number of Lanes Reversible Lanes Thru Travel Surface Width Pavement Width Median Type Median Width Shoulder Type Shoulder Width Curb Type Type Surface Type Base Type Sidewalk Location Causeway Name HOV Type 31 Lanes HOV Auxiliary Lanes Right of Way Bike Shared Access Physical Road Characteristics Responsibility Operations Region Maintenance Number of HOV Lanes Auxiliary Lane data layers include Turn Lane Type Length Taper Length Right of Way data layers include Total ROW Width ROW Width from Centerline to Property Line Right Side Bike Shared Access data layers include Bicycle Pedestrian Access Type Bike Facility Side of Road Bike Path Owner Bike Route Number Responsibility data layers include Total ROW Width ROW
15. ical administrative and operational characteristics e Maintain the Route Inventory required for linear referencing e Assist in the process for Inventory Changes e Integrate with GIS Integrator 2 0 to maintain map data e and create Reports How do you open a project in RIMS Projects are opened in RIMS using the Inventory Change Request ICR Note the ICR is typically initiated in DACHS Projects that do not require approval and are not initiated in DACHS can be created directly in RIMS with a miscellaneous ICR What data does RIMS require In addition to the basic inventory data provided in the ICR RIMS requires detailed roadway data This includes In addition to location data RIMS also requires a visual representation of the new roadway sometimes called the sketch If no sketch is available the user can create one using For more information on e The Redline tool refer to Section 2 4 e Submitting a project to TMPD refer to Section 4 1 e Reviewing and completing a project in RIMS refer to Section 4 2 e Reserving route numbers in RIMS refer to Section 2 3 e Querying data in RIMS refer to Section 3 5 the Redline tool This information provides the basis for the road centerline What happens when an ICR is submitted for CET LRS processing When the appropriate data have been input in RIMS complete with a drawing road location and route number the data is sent to the Centerline Editors and RIMU Staf
16. ng re routed although the initial route still exists Labeled as a Discontinuance in DACHS A Realignment Discontinuance RDIC is used when a realignment is taking place at the same time as a discontinuance Labeled as an Abandon in DACHS A Realignment Delete RDEL is used when a abandonment is happening at the same tie as a realignment and the road has been physically removed This means that the route is being re routed and the initial route has been removed A Realignment Remove RREM is used to remove an existing overlapping route from a centerline as part of a realignment 13 SR999 SR999 Assign Route An Assign Route ASSN is used to assign a new overlap route to an existing centerline ASSN 8 used to describe the new location for the route Realignment A Realignment Remove RREM is used to remove an existing overlapping route from a centerline as part of a realignment Remove RREM used to describe the old location for the route Length A Length Correction LENC is used if the only change being reported is a correction to the mileage of an existing road section Correction LENC DACHS Data Correction 14 VA888 VA888 SR999 Assign Route ASSN An Assign Route ASSN is used to assign a new overlap route to an existing centerline 15 Section III Examples Addition Defining an Addition Additions to the road network are created as a
17. re maintained by VDOT are required to have detailed inventory data The data include mapping data physical characteristics and administrative characteristics such as ownership The road inventory also contains a mapping component which links the inventory data to location data in the VDOT GIS map The geospatial road inventory incorporates some road centerlines provided by the Virginia Geographic Information Network VGIN The map data are provided to GIS Integrator 2 0 to link relate the road inventory data to a geographic location and route number How does RIMS relate to the Road Inventory In order to ensure the accuracy of the road network VDOT continues to update the road inventory when new roads are constructed changes are made to current roads and roads are removed These functions require the use of RIMS For a complete list of data included in the road inventory refer to Appendix A Database for Administering Changes to the Highway System DACHS What is DACHS The Database for Administering Changes to the Highway System DACHS is used to manage the legal roadway acceptance process What projects are initiated in DACHS DACHS is used to input new roadways that require official acceptance or approval Approval can be required by any one of three entities e Local Governing Bodies LGBs e the Commonwealth Transportation Board CTB e and or the VODT Commissioner or his designee The primary function of DACHS is to a
18. rom VDOT Commissioner at the Rerouting of primary routes through a city GR Definition EO Route Renumbering Impacting a Single Highway Construction project that does not impact length or System location of a road Definition Definition Examples include road widening new intersections with non VDOT roads etc Annexations Definition New urban roads Demo Based on a U 1 form transmitted by the Local i Assistance Division Deannexations Definition 26 RIMS Inputs Location Description Street Name AAA AA AAA EEE LE a A AAA A AA LRM Date Road Configuration Both Facility Type Directions 222 LELE O A mesen Peer nm read eee TT Pre stiri roars Ta eden eee A ION Median Width Minimum ft 28 Median Percent Coverage Median Shoulder Paved Width ft Median Shoulder Unpaved Width ft 699906081994 A Faverent Bot Breeton See fee PT Directions mws Bicycle Shared Access Both Bicycle Access Type Directions EE gt E 0575 00 A 2 EE fera S o Se en eee CS COLO A A 15 00000000 atone fe gt a 0575 011111 eter a a 29 Number of Lanes A etc Administrative Both Directions Functional Class Operation Region AA IEEE p O A A 0 A O frame A E o ibn wenne A 30 Appendix A Road Inventory Data Layers T
19. ssist staff with completing the necessary steps and forms to legally accept a road The projects that are typically entered through DACHS include e Additions e Abandonments e Discontinuances e Transfers e Route renumbering and e Annexation and de annexation What information does DACHS require DACHS requires the user to enter basic inventory data on the roadway such as the project name location project type street name and description mileage number of through lanes and median type What is the final output from DACHS When the required information has been entered and the project has been reviewed and authorized DACHS creates an Inventory Change Request ICR The ICR is then sent to the Roadway Inventory Management System RIMS For more information on the road changes that are required to be initiated in DACHS including information on the route designation and the necessary source of approval refer to Appendix B For a complete list of the required data and valid inputs refer to Section 2 1 or Appendix A DIKTET A WE bla Roadway Inventory Management System RIMS What is RIMS RIMS is used to manage road inventory data and to store the Official Roadway Data Inventory for Virginia RIMS assists with managing the road inventory data by making changes and adding data to the existing road network The major functions of RIMS are to e Maintain information in the Road Inventory including phys
20. ted directly in RIMS and can be created by both Field and RIMU editors These requests are often non secondary projects that are approved by CTB in the planning state and therefore do no have to be input in DACHS e Requests based on the Urban Maintenance Inventory System UMIS can only be created by Local Assistance Division LAD staff and RIMU editors These requests pertain to changes in the urban road network e Errors amp Omissions E amp O requests identify data errors in the road inventory and can be created in RIMS by all VDOT staff PI Proposed Inventory Reserved Route 2 routes reserved for 2 way streets Active Route The route exists and is ready to be added to the network LRS Linear Referencing System Event Prime Direction The prime directions for roadways are North and East The prime direction is the direction for which milepoints increase Master Routes A road can carry many routes but only one master route The master route carries the business data and is linked to other routes along the same segment The master route is determined by RIMS will allow you to see the data from any overlapping route 37 Location Referencing Methods include Route Milepoint Jurisdiction Route Milepoint Route Latitude Longitude Route Intersection Offset The RIMS default 38 Acronyms MD Maintenance Division MIRE Model Inventory of Roadway Elements MP Milepoint MPO Metropolitan Planning Organiz
21. that appear on the screen are reserved 19 Route numbers should be assigned based on the type of road This figure shows different types of roads and the range the route number must fall between Certain types of roads including national parks institutional roads and primary roads are unique by State This means that the route numbers used to define these road types the numbers 300 through 599 can only be used once in the Commonwealth of Virginia Other road types including secondary routes school roads and subdivisions are unique by jurisdictions This means that the route numbers used to define these roads types the numbers 600 through 99999 can be used multiple times within the state but only once per jurisdiction When route numbers are displayed either the state or jurisdiction code should be included Also note that any road can be labeled as a frontage road by adding the letter F before the route number By State By Jurisdiction 0 0 gt 0 0 0 a 9 NS x ay 19 NE of aO ON o9 op O O O 95 O NATIONAL US HIGHWAYS SECONDARY SUBDIVISIONS amp SCHOOLS SUBDIVISIONS amp PARKS ROUTES TOWN ADDITIONS TOWN ADDITIONS RURAL ADDITIONS A INDUSTRIAL ACCESS RECREATIONAL ACCESS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT INSTITUTIONAL STATE ROAD HIGHWAY FRONTAGE ROAD A ROAD CAN BE LABELED AS A FRONTAGE ROAD BY PLACING AN F BEFORE THE ROUTE NUMBER 20 2 Enter Initial Inventory Data E To begin making a change in
22. that travel along the roadways one way two way or reversible and whether or not the roadway is separated divided or undivided 35 Important Concepts In order to better understand each of these programs it is important to recognize the major components that are created and adjusted The following section provides an introduction to the vocabulary and components that will be important in the upcoming sections Centerlines The Road Centerline RCL is a line on a map depicting the approximate location of a roadway The RCL is linked to the roadway inventory data The number of lanes along a roadway does not affect the road centerline However some divided roads may have two centerlines one for each direction Road Network Description Links and notes HTRIS terminology anchor sections and anchor points dummy anchor sections Routes and Linear Referencing Overlapping Routes and Master Routes Road Characteristic Data Layers Sides of the Road 36 Key Terms ICR Inventory Change Request An inventory change requests initiates the process of amending adding or subtracting data from the road inventory There are four types of ICRs e Requests from DACHS that are created by Field and RIMU editors An ICR is created in DACHS if it falls under any of the categories listed in Appendix B ICRs are most often input in DACHS because the changes will require approval before they can proceed e Miscellaneous requests are crea
23. the road inventory network users should input initial data into the Database for FIELD DACHS Administering Changes to the Highway System DACHS This includes physical characteristics number of through lanes and median type in addition to ownership and maintenance responsibility for the new roadway Primary and STAFF secondary additions require approval from either a LGB or the VDOT CTB therefore DACHS is used to help manage the approval process DACHS is also used to start an Inventory Change Request ICR that can be imported into RIMS The following steps illustrate the process of inputting data into DACHS What data is required in DACHS 21 3 Create and Review the ICR Once an ICR has been created in DACHS it can be accessed in RIMS by clicking the RIMS ICR button FIELD RIMS Do you need to search for the ICR in RIMS before this step takes place or does the right page appear when the STAFF Open RIMS ICR button is used in DACHS Once in RIMS enter a short description for the ICR What data must be entered in RIMS When an ICR is opened in RIMS it is automatically populated with the data entered in DACHS In the ICR Summary tab enter a detailed description of the change being made and click Save when finished The ICR description should include information relevant to the RIMU editors might need when processing the ICR This may include but is not limited to e The timing of acceptance e The relationship of t
24. uential and contiguous i e VA 889 VAS9O VAS91 This will make these roads easier to maintain in the future The following are some examples of an addition to the road network A town recently acquired land to create a public park In order to encourage visitors and provide parking a new road is built perpendicular to an existing roadway to provide access to the new parking lot built on the site With the increasing demand for housing a developer decides to extend an existing dead end street in order to build more houses along the route e Because the development is adding secondary roads to the road network approval from the local Board of Supervisors will be required The ICR will be initiated in DACHS When beginning a project it is important to consider all of the factors that make the project unique Appendix A and Appendix B contain more information on all of the possible options for initiating a ICR choosing the PI type and the order in which tasks should be performed 17 1 Reserve Route Numbers FIELD RIMS STAFF Before creating an ICR even before the road is completed field staff can reserve route numbers for planned routes This step is not required of all projects but in the case of Sunrise Estates it was necessary because the project is an addition il the project includes roads that will require new route numbers and lil multiple routes are being created as part of a single project
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