Home

STAAD.foundation - Bentley Communities

1. Filename ex08 afs Cancel Files of type STAAD foundation Files afs vi To open an existing project navigate to the directory in which the project file is located and then select the file and click on Open Save The Save menu command brings up the save file dialog box the first time the icon is clicked and allows you to save the active project to a file To save a project navigate to the directory in which you want to save the project type in a file name for the project and then click on Save Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 191 STAAD foundation File saving Save in Examples 7 0 2 am verification e ex08 afs Ea ex08_slabDesign0 afs Ea ex08iso afs File name ex08pile_iso afs Save as type STAAD foundation Files afs STAAD foundation projects are saved with an afs file extension After a project has been saved to a file clicking on the Save menu command again will simply save any updates made to the project to the file specified when you first saved the project Save As The Save As menu command opens the save as file dialog box and allows you to save the active project to a file To save a project navigate to the directory in which you want to save the project type in a file name for the project and then click on Save STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 192 Section 4 STAAD foundation Gr
2. 25 06 26 mx12x12 STAAD foundation User s Manual 6 20 Section 5 Indian Verification Problems 2350 100x 2 12 26 1 Spacing 85 52 mm Spacing along width for 12 mm bar 85 52 mm Bottom Reinforcement ssi A fe mm l Zz J el Pile Comparison Reference STAAD foundation Difference in Value Of Result Result Percent Effective 669 mm 669 mm None Depth Governing Moment 812 5 KN m 812 503 KN m Negligible length One Way Shear 2 J 0 337 N mm 0 337 N mm None Stress Length Two Way Shear 0 852 N mm 0 852 N mm None Stress Table 6 4 Section 5 Indian Verification Problems 6 21 6 5 Indian Verification Problem 5 Reference Reinforced Concrete Design by Pillai amp Menon Page 652 Example 14 7 Problem Design a combined footing for two columns with the given data Cl 400 mm x 400 mm with 4 25 bars and C2 500 mm x 500mm with 4 28 bars supporting axial loads P1 900 KN and P2 1600 KN respectively under service dead and live loads The column Cl is an exterior column whose exterior face is flush with the property line The center to centre distance between C1 and C2 is 4 5 meters The allowable soil pressure at the base of the footing 1 5 m below ground level is 240 KN m Assume a steel of grade Fe 415 in the columns as well as the footing and a concrete gr
3. Default Unit Type English Support Assignm Assign to Listed supp Listed Supports 23 Loading Available Load Cases gt i ca Selected Load Cases 1 1 4DL 1 7LL 2 75 1 4DL 1 7LL 1 7WL ea Edit Current Job STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 58 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 6 Local Data Local Data are specific to job types Each footing type has its own unique local data types Design parameters such as concrete cover rebar specifications soil parameters and footing geometry are typical examples of design parameters We will discuss local data for each footing type separately We will start with Isolated footing job Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 59 4 6 1 Isolated footing Design Parameters gt Concrete amp Rebar 5 Cover amp Soil 5 Footing Geometry Sliding amp Overturning l Design Isolated footing job type has a unique group for local data called Design Parameters The Design Parameters group allows you to specify design parameters for an isolated footing and is only active for isolated footing job types The Design Parameters group contains the following elements e Concrete and Rebar e Cover and Soil e Footing Geometry e Sliding amp Overturning e Design STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 60 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 6
4. Quick Tour Make sure the Boundary radio button is checked and give a title for the boundary in Region Identifier edit box Click on Add Region button to add the boundary You will see that the Region Identifier name you entered is now listed under the Meshing Setup heading in the tree Meshing Setup Meshing setup Boundary Add selected region as Boundary Hoe Control region Region Identifier Boundary Select Boundary Generate Mesh Maximum element size 12 in C Optimize based on area Edt selected regi Delete selected r We may also choose the number of divisions for the mesh and specify locations of holes Let us specify an element size of 12 inches Enter a value of 12 in the Maximum Element Size edit box In this example project we will not create any holes in the mesh We are ready to create the mesh In the list box in the Data Area pane highlight the Mesh Identifier Name for your mesh boundary Section 3 Quick Tour 3 41 Meshing Setup Meshing setup Boundary Add selected region as Boundary O Hoe Control region Region Identifier Boundary Select Boundary Generate Mesh Maximum element size 12 in v C Optimize based on area Q Edit selected regi Delete selected Click on the Generate Mesh button to generate mesh The program will display a dialog box
5. STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 4 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment Menu Bar Located just below the Title Bar the Menu Bar gives you access to all the facilities of STAAD foundation Many of the same functions are also available in the Toolbar and Page Control pane Users who are familiar with STAAD foundation and its commands usually find that the Menu Bar is the most efficient way to quickly access the commands they need A complete description of the Menu Bar commands is provided in Section 4 4 of this manual Toolbar Located below the Menu Bar by default the dockable Toolbar gives you access to the most frequently used commands Each button in the toolbar offers Tool Tip help As you move the mouse cursor over a button the name of the button called a Tool Tip appears above or below the button To control the appearance of the toolbar or create your own customized toolbar use the View Toolbar menu command To control the appearance of Tool Tips use the View Tool Tip Options menu command A complete description of the Toolbar is provided in Section 4 5 of this manual Main Navigator Pane Located at the left side of the screen the Main Navigator pane is a tree control Clicking on any leaf of the tree opens a new page on the Data Input pane that allows you to perform specific tasks for a project The organization of the Main Navigator leaves from top to bottom represents th
6. By default program will create symmetric pile arrangement from the above input but user can change the default setup by editing the table below Both row and column grid lines can be adjusted by selecting appropriate radio button Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 101 Pile arrangement parametric Unit in Number of rows Number of columns Row spacing column spacing Row Spacing Column spacing Origin x b Oignv 0 e Origin Z ul Preview o o o o n o o o o oo oooococooo oooococoooos ooooocoeooos oooocooooos ooooooooos cooocoeoeooooo oooocoeocooos oooocooooos oooocooooos Apply It will transfer the pile layout to the main view and add piles to the current mat foundation job Please note you should input origin to move the layout to the right position STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 102 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 6 3 3 3 Circular Pile Arrangement Wizard Parametric This is a parametric wizard like input to create circular pile layout Generated pile coordinates will be in local coordinate system where center of the circle is at 0 0 0 position You need to move pile group to the right location by inputting Origin X Origin Y and Origin Z The following commands and options are available to generate circular pile layout Unit Length Unit for pile spacing Number of Piles Total number o
7. Section 5 Indian Verification Problems 6 7 6 2 Indian Verification Problem 2 Reference Reinforced Concrete Structure by Punmia Jain Jain Example 25 1 Problem Design an isolated footing with the given data Load Fy 600 KN fc 15 MPa fy 250 MPa Column Dimension 500 mm x 500 mm and Bearing Capacity of Soil 120 KN m 600 KN 350 mm 2400 mm 3 3 m 500 p erl _l_ i 2400 mm STAAD foundation User s Manual 6 8 Section 5 Indian Verification Problems Solution 60 Approximate area of footing required m 5 m 12 Assuming 2 4 m x 2 4 m x 0 35 m footing dimension Weight of footing 2 4 x 2 4 x 0 35 x 25 KN 50 4 KN Therefore total load on the footing 600 50 4 KN 650 4 KN 650 4 Maximum pressure KN m 2 4x2 4 112 92 KN m lt 120 KN m Hence safe i 600x1 5 5 Ultimate pressure KN m 156 25 KN m 2 4x 2 4 on F 0 95 x 0 95 Bending moment at critical section My 56 25 x 2 4 x _ 169 21875 KN m Assuming 50 mm clear cover and 12 mm bar effective depth de 350 50 0 5 x 12 mm 294 mm 700 Ky max SS wage Ge 1100 0 87 fy 0 53 Ru max 0 36 x fo x Kumar X 1 0 42 Ky max 2 225 Mujim Ru max X B x de 461 568 x 10 N mm 461 568 KN m gt M Hence safe Section 5 Indian Verification Problems 6 9 Area of Steel Required Ar
8. drop down list and click on the Generate Moment Envelope button to generate moment envelope Program will generate a finite number of discrete points which in turn will be used as design points The design grid appears in the graphics window like the following figure STAAD foundation User s Manual 3 58 Section 3 Quick Tour The next step is to set design parameters and design slab Please click on the Design Parameters leaf under Mat slab design options in main navigator pane Mat slab design options G Analyze Output View Options gt Moment envelope generation E Reinforcement Zoning E Cut slab by a line amp Calculation sheet Section 3 Quick Tour A form with the design parameters will appear in the Data Area pane For this example we will use all default values Click on the Design button to design the slab Design Parameters Grades Fy Fe Covers Top cover Bottom cover Rebar Size Min bar size Max bar size Rebar Spacing Max spacing in Min spacing in C Consider Wood and Armer moments Result summary Details report The program will perform the slab design When the design operation is completed a message box will appear STAAD foundation xi A Design performed successfully The next step is to create reinforcing zones Click on the Reinforcement
9. 0 01 a After successful analysis the program will add several tabs in output pane to display different output results like node displacement plate stress support reaction etc Tabs for beam analysis results like beam section force will be added if the current job has physical beams defined MAPD Design Progress Report Displacement Disp Summary Reaction Summary A Contact Area 4 Plate Stress A Plate Stress Summary STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 128 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 6 5 2 Displacement Design Progress Report A Displacement 4 Disp Summary A Reaction 4 Reaction Summary Click on the Displacement tab to view node displacement table for all nodes for current load case as selected in select current load case icon in toolbar 1 1 4DL 1 7LL Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 129 Clicking on any row of the table will highlight that node in the graphics If the node is not highlighted click on the View Options icon in the toolbar a It will open a form in data area pane which will allow you to setup view options Check on Show Nodes option under Meshed Nodes group to display meshed nodes in the graphics STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 130 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment Modeling View Options Support Show Supports Show Support Numbers Piles Show Piles Show Pile Numbers Loading
10. Checked By Name and Comments for each revision of a project Each new revision is given a unique ID Number starting from 1 To add a revision first input the information for Date Job Name and Checked By Then input any comments about the revision in the Comments field Finally click on the Save button to keep the changes you have made To view the Comments for a given revision select the revision from the table The Review History form contains the following three commands buttons e Save e Delete e Delete All Save The Save button saves any changes made to the revision table and comments field Delete The Delete button removes the currently selected revision from the revision table Delete All The Delete All button removes all revisions from the revision table Note Deleting a revision from the revision table also deletes the Comments that were stored with the deleted revision Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 15 4 4 2 The Foundation Plan Page 4 Foundation Plan 5 Linear Grid Setup 5 Radial Grid Setup lt Column Position 5 Column Dimension The Foundation Plan page allows you to specify basic information on support such as Column Positions Column Dimension It also allows creating a grid to be used for defining column position pile position mat boundary etc The Foundation Plan page contains the following sub pages e Linear Grid Setup e Radial Grid Setup e Colum
11. Processing Load Case 1 Calculated minimum diameter 6 250 ft Calculated overturning ratio 1 000 Processing shear check Processing Load Case 1 Calculated Design Shear 0 095 kip Calculated required thickness 36 000 inch Processing reinforcement design Processing Load Case 1 Calculated required reinforcement 0 061 sq inch Design completed M 4 gt gt Design Progress Report Octagonal footing Design Summary Footing Diameter biota Stability Ratio Reqd Reinforcement m ld 4 gt bl Design Progress Report Octagonal footing Design Summary Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 187 A detailed calculation sheet will be generated in the Calculation Sheet tab Octagonal Foundation Design 1 Octagonal Foundation 1 Unit in Height 36 000 Diameter 36 000 Footing Geometry Unit in Minimum Footing Diameter 72 000 Maximum Footing Diameter 300 000 Minimum Footing Depth 36 000 Maximum Footing Depth 72 000 Design Parameters Minimum Stability Ratio 1 500 Soil Depth 0 000 ft Cover 2 000 in F 4 000 ksi Fy 60 000 ksi Bar Type Metric Minimum Bar Diameter 3 Maximum Bar Diameter 11 Concrete Density 125 000 Ib ft3 Soil Density 115 000 Ib ft3 Allowable Bearing Pressure 4 000 kip ft2 Critical Load case for Shear Force 1 Critical Load case for Bending Force 1 Critical Load case for Sevice Design 1 Load CaseLoad Case 1 1 500 a Eccentricity
12. 0 000 in p STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 188 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 9 The Menu Commands This section provides a description of the commands available from STAAD foundation s pull down Menu Bar File Edit View Tools Help The names of the pull down menus from left to right across the top of the screen are as follows e File e Edit e View e Tools e Help Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 189 4 9 1 File Menu The File Menu allows you to perform project file related operations such as creating a new project opening an existing project saving a project etc Open Ctrl 0 Save Ctrl 5 Print Ctrl P Print Preview Print Setup Import 1C Temp demo ex082 afs 2 C Temp ex_08 afs 3 untitled afs Exit The File Menu contains the following menu commands e New e Open e Save e Save As e Print e Print Preview e Print Setup e Import e Recent Project Files STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 190 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment New The New menu command opens and creates a new project Open The Open menu command brings up the open file dialog box and allows you to open an existing STAAD foundation project STAAD foundation File opening fx Look in 9 Examples 0 2 amp Verification lesa E ex08_slabDesign0 afs k ex08iso afs e ex08pile_iso afs
13. 0 Transverse Miscellaneous Moment Load distribution Shell End Percent 40 of Channel End Percent 60 Yy Here the loads are grouped into two types Axial Load and Moment Axial Load Select the unit for Axial load from the combo box Five types of axial forces are used for input They are Empty Load Operating Load Miscellaneous Axial Force Thermal Load and Bundle Pull Force Moment Select the unit for Moment from the combo box Four types of moments are used for input They are Empty Moment Operating Moment Longitudinal Miscellaneous Moment and Transverse Miscellaneous Moment Load Distribution Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 5 33 Give the load distribution percentage for Shell End and Channel End STAAD foundation User s Manual 5 34 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 5 3 4 Wind Load Generation Page Inputs for wind load can be given in two ways You can directly input the shear force amp moment values with choosing the proper unit or you can use the software to calculate those values using ASCE 7 2005 To input the load directly choose User defined Wind Load radio button in the wind load page as below and give the value of shear force with choosing units from the combo box right next to it User Defined Wind Load Axial Force Shell End 0 kip iv Shear Fx 0 Fz 0 kip v Channel End 0 Moment Mx 0 Mz 0 O Calculat
14. 12 992 Top cover 3 in k a 5 590 g 188 Bottom cover 3 in fi 20 787 T 385 Rebar a 993 Bar size 4 zi Oo 582 Spacing 12 in hd H 180 33 778 Choose Slab F o loose slab Face Longitudinal Top al mo re Pict Capacty Diagram _ 41 574 lot Capacity Diagram e Plot Failure Diagram Actual moment diagram plot for Longitudinal Top STAAD foundation User s Manual 6 36 Section 5 Indian Verification Problems ee Detail Drawing LayoutDrawing Calculation Sheet Strip Footing Graph b Data InputPane i Mat Capacity Check Choose Slab Face Longitudinal Top Plot Capacity Diagram Piot Moment Diagram e Plot Failure Diagram j Unity check diagram where green indicates pass and red indicates failure Grades Fy 60 ksi Fl Fc 4 ki z Covers Top cover 3 in z Bottom cover 3 in Ji Rebar Bar size 4 x Spacing 12 in Si
15. 2836 34 mm 0 05 Steel Shear Stress 0 3486 N mm 0 3486 N mm None One Way Shear Stress 0 96 N mm 0 96 N mm None Two Way Table 6 2 STAAD foundation User s Manual 6 12 Section 5 Indian Verification Problems 6 3 Indian Verification Problem 3 Reference Reinforced Concrete Design by S N Sinha Problem 11 12 Problem Design a pile cap with the given data Load Fy 1000 KN Spacing 900 mm Pile in Pile Cap 75 mm Bottom Cover 100 mm Edge Distance 275 mm No of Pile 4 Dia of Pile 250 mm fc 15 MPa fy 415 MPa Column Dimension 400mm x 400mm Load Factor 1 5 1000 KN B KS S x 1450 8 RR 300 4 g 150 4 250 9 400 gt t 250 gt t 150 _ 1450 ___ Section 5 Indian Verification Problems 6 13 Solution Ultimate load 1 5 x 1000 KN 1500 KN 1500 Pile reaction Total load no of pile 375 KN 4 Bending moment at critical section at column face M 2 x 375 x 0 25 187 5 KN m Taking Effective depth de 454 mm 700 0 479 1100 0 87 fy Ky ma Ru max 0 36 x fe x Ky max X 1 0 42 Ky max 2 066 Muhim Ru max X B X de 617 462 KN m gt M Hence safe Area of Steel Required Area of steel required along length fe 4 6MU Ast 0 5 x x 1 _ 1 x B x d 1205 524 mm fcx Bxdexde Minimum area of steel A
16. 4 178 4 180 4 181 4 183 4 184 4 187 4 189 4 188 4 189 4 199 4 200 4 203 4 209 4 10 1 4 10 2 4 10 3 4 10 4 4 10 5 File Toolbar 4 10 1 1 File Toolbar 4 10 1 2 Print Toolbar 4 10 1 3 Import Toolbar 4 10 1 4 Save Picture Toolbar 4 10 1 5 Change Job Toolbar 4 10 1 6 Change Current Load Case Toolbar 4 10 1 7 Tools Toolbar 4 10 1 8 Loading Toolbar 4 10 1 9 View option Toolbar 4 10 1 10 Scale Setup Toolbar 4 10 1 11 Unit Setup Toolbar Help Toolbar Rotate Toolbar Zoom Toolbar Select Toolbar Section5 Plant Foundation 5 1 5 2 5 3 Introduction 5 1 1 Creating a New Plant Setup Job Vertical Vessel Foundation 5 2 1 5 22 5 2 3 5 2 4 5 2 5 5 2 6 5 2 7 5 2 8 5 2 9 Geometry Page Primary Load Page Time Period Page Wind Load Generation Page Seismic Load Generation Page Load Combination Page Design Parameter Page Foundation Type Page Finish and Design Heat Exchanger Foundation 5 3 1 5 3 2 5 3 3 5 3 4 5 3 5 5 3 6 5 3 7 5 3 8 Section 6 6 1 6 2 6 3 6 4 6 5 Exchanger Geometry Page Footing Geometry Page Primary Load Page Wind Load Generation Page Seismic Load Generation Page Load Combination Page Design Parameter Page Finish and Design Indian Verification Problems Indian Verification Problem 1 Indian Verification Problem 2 Indian Verification Problem 3 Indian Verification Problem 4 Indian Verification Problem 5 4 210 4 214 4 217 4 223 4 226 4
17. Calculation Sheet tab A graphical report of Bending Moment and Shear Force for the footing will be generated in the Strip Footing Graph tab as follows Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 177 Z Start Page Detail Drawing out Drawi Calculation Sheet Strip Footing Graph _ Select strip footing index Footing C1 vy Select loadcase 1 Loadt vl 14 111 130 303 156 36 z 93 82 v 31 27 2 he 31 27 5 93 82 a 10 835 130 303 156 36 0 00 2 39 4 79 718 958 11 97 14 37 16 76 19 16 21 55 23 95 26 34 28 29 93 Length m 0 000 0 000 Z 0 00 173 28 Z 346 56 Ss 519 85 2 2 009 693 13 5 866 41 co 0 00 2 39 479 718 958 11 97 14 37 16 76 19 16 21 55 23 95 26 34 28 29 93 Length m STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 178 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 8 Octagonal Footing In this job setup you can design an octagonal footing Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 179 4 8 1 Creating Octagonal Footing Job Create support from Column Position as follows and add loads as described earlier Now go to Create New Job Give a suitable job name Choose Job Type as Octagonal oot Job Type Isolated Design Code Default Unit Type Support Assignment Listed Supports Octagonal Select and move the load from Available Load Case list to Selected Load
18. Long period transition period s determined in Section 11 4 5 Unit Units for length uniformly distributed load and force Distributed Mass In this table put the distributed mass properties of the vessel Inputs for diameter and thickness is not required if the fundamental period is entered manually The other inputs are required for calculation of seismic load Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 5 11 Concentrated Mass These are the lumped masses attached to the vessel such as ladder platform etc STAAD foundation User s Manual 5 12 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 5 2 4 Wind Load Generation Page Inputs for wind load can be given in two ways You can directly input the shear force amp moment values with choosing the proper unit or you can use the software to calculate those values using ASCE 7 2005 To input the load directly choose User defined Wind Load radio button in the wind load page as below and give the value of shear force with choosing units from the combo box right to it User defined Wind Load Shear Value 0 kip Moment Yalue 0 kip in x O Calculated Wind Load DESIGN WIND PRESSURE P 0 00256 Kd kKz KkK2t v2 1I G Cf psf Wind Speed 0 mph Kd 0 Table 6 6 Kz for Exp6 Case 1 1 0 Table 6 1 Otherwise choose Calculated Wind Load radio button which will activate the required input fields as shown below All the
19. Quick Tour 3 9 Section 3 Quick Tour 3 33 Creating a New Job for a Mat Foundation Click on the Create a new Job leaf under Job Setup in Main Navigator pane to create a new job for designing the mat foundation The Create a New Job form will open in the data pane area Choose Job type as Mat foundation and design code as US Assign to all support Loading gt Available Load Cases 2 8 3 4 Selected Load Cases 1 1 4DL 1 7LL 2 75 1 4DL 1 7LL 1 7L STAAD foundation User s Manual 3 34 Section 3 Quick Tour The job will be assigned to all the supports We then include all the loadings on it from the Loading group of the same property form Now click on Create Job to create a new mat foundation job If we look at the Main Navigator pane we see a set of new groups not seen in our previous project These groups are related to mat foundation analysis and design 5 Job Setup gt Create a New Job amp Edit Current Job 5 Delete Job 5 Default analysis properties gt Physical beam table E iF Pile Layout 3 Mesh generation Analysis properties H Mat slab design options The Meshing generation and Analysis properties groups are particular to the mat foundation We also see the Pile Layout group which is to create pile arrangement in case the mat slab is supported by piles instead of soil These groups only appear when a Mat Found
20. Stress Type MX v Design Selected Line Under the Slab cut options category select the By drawing a line on slab radio button and then click in the graphics window This will allow you to create a section in the plan view of your model Enter a value of 3 in the Interpolation Factor edit box In the Stress Type drop down menu select MX to look for Mx moment along the cut line Now draw a section line on the plan view of your model along which you wish to see the graph of the maximum absolute stress Section 3 Quick Tour 3 65 Click your mouse cursor at the beginning point of the line drag your cursor to the end point and then click again 8 g B Ra as 88 Note that the coordinates of Start and End points now have values Click on Insert a new cut line button A graph will be shown in the view pane STAAD foundation User s Manual 3 66 Section 3 Quick Tour Cut slab by a line Slab cut options By drawing a line on slab By specifying coordinates YE f Starting Z a lz Starting Ending x Interpolation Factor 3 ee Graph Scale Factor 10 Stress Type Mx z3 inset a new cut Li g Mat_Examp08 E F Cut Line 1 Mx Design Selected Line Increase graph scale factor to 10 and now the screen will look like following Section 3 Quick Tour 3 67 Mx kip ft ft STAAD foundation User s Manual 3 6
21. direction e Do you have concentrated forces on the surface of the element If so you need to have a finer mesh around that region in order to visualize the deflected shape or the stresses at that location How many elements are needed is hard to say But for example one can estimate a circular area around the concentrated load point divide that circle into say 30 degree pie shaped segments thus obtaining 12 triangular elements around a circle whose center is the location of the point load e Do you have holes in the plate You need a finer mesh around the holes Again there is no easy guideline for how many elements there should be Your engineering judgment is often the best guideline STAAD foundation User s Manual 2 6 Section 2 Theoretical Basis 2 2 Element Load Specification The following load specifications are available 1 Joint loads at element nodes in global directions 2 Concentrated loads at any user specified point within the element in global or local directions 3 Uniform pressure on an element surface in global or local directions 4 Partial uniform pressure on a user specified portion of an element surface in global or local directions 5 Linearly varying pressure on an element surface in local directions Section 2 Theoretical Basis 2 7 2 3 Theoretical Basis The STAAD plate finite element is based on hybrid finite element formulations A complete quadratic stress distri
22. s Manual 4 220 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 10 1 3 Import Toolbar I sh Import toolbar allows you to import any analyzed STAAD Pro file and update foundation input database if the STAAD Pro file gets changed Import toolbar has following icons e Import e Update database Import The Import menu command is used to begin a new project by importing the support geometry and support reactions from a STAAD Pro analysis The ability to import analysis data from other structural analysis software programs will be provided in a future release of STAAD foundation You can only import a STAAD Pro model that has been successfully analyzed because you will want to have the support reactions available for the foundation design When the Import command is executed an import dialog box will appear Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 221 StaadPro File Import PR Look in US v gt e reao 2 element_trap_jt_tri std EXAMPOS STD ai 2 EXO1CAST STD 2 EXAMPO6 STD 2 t EXAMPO1 STD ExAMPO7 STD a i a exane02 st0 leaveos st0 a 3 EXAMP03 STD 2 EXAMP09 STD E EXAMPO4 STD EXAMP 10 STD la lt Ll Filename EXAMP08 STD en A Iv Files of type STAAD Pro Files std v Cancel To import a STAAD Pro file navigate to the directory in which the file is located and then select the file and click on Open Another dialog box will appe
23. 1 1 Concrete and Rebar Isolated Footing Job Design Parameters ay Concrete amp Rebar Cover amp Soil gt Footing Geometry amp Sliding amp Overturning i Design Clicking on the Concrete amp Rebar leaf opens a form in the Data Area pane that allows you to input concrete and rebar properties Concrete Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 61 The following concrete and rebar properties are available e Unit Weight of Concrete e Strength of Concrete e Yield Strength of Reinforcing Steel e Minimum Bar Size e Maximum Bar Size e Minimum Bar Spacing e Maximum Bar Spacing Set as Default The Set as Default check box allows you to use the values inputted in the Concrete amp Rebar form as the default values for future projects STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 62 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 6 1 2 Cover and Soil 5 Isolated Footing Job 47 Design Parameters gt Concrete amp Rebar 53 Footing Geometry 5 Sliding amp Overturning Gy Design Clicking on the Cover and Soil leaf under Design Parameters group opens a form in the Data Area pane that allows you to input cover parameters and soil characteristics Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 63 STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 64 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment The following cover parameters and soil charact
24. 241 Note You should decrease the scaling value to increase the amount of deflection or loading shown on the diagram Why do you decrease the parameter value to increase the apparent size The values in the dialog box represent the actual displacement or loading per unit distance on the graphic diagram Therefore if you reduce the amount of actual structural deflection required to display a unit distance of deflection on the diagram you will see a larger apparent displacement on the diagram Loading Scales This group allows you to change the display of load arrows Concentrated force and moment for a point load has different scaling options Distributed load scale is applicable to line load on mat and beam loads Pressure load scale is applicable to quadrilateral and circular pressure load Modeling Scales This group allows you to change the display size of supports and piles Drawings of footing size are not scaled as the sizes are not known so sometimes those entities may seem too big or small Changing the scale user can control the sizes of those drawings Set As Default This option allows user to save the current scale setup for later use so user don t need to change the scale each time a project is opened STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 242 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 10 1 11 Unit Setup Toolbar The Set Output Unit command opens a dialog box that allows you to set ou
25. Bar Dia Maximum diameter of bar to use for design Stability Ratio Starting Stability Ratio to be used for design STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 184 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 8 2 2 Footing Geometry These are the geometrical parameter used for design Footing Geometry z Unit Minimum Footing Diameter The minimum footing diameter that will be used for starting design Maximum Footing Diameter The maximum range of footing diameter that will be used for optimizing the design Minimum Footing Thickness The minimum footing thickness that will be used for starting design Maximum Footing Thickness Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 185 The maximum range of footing thickness that will be used for optimizing the design Pedestal Diameter Diameter of the pedestal Pedestal Thickness Thickness of the pedestal STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 186 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 8 2 3 Design Next click on Design The design progress report will be generated in the Design Progress Report window and a summery of design resulted will be displayed in the Octagonal footing Design Summary tab of the Output window Processing Footing 1 DE AE PE DE DE DE PE DE DE DE DE DE DE DE DE DE DE DE DE DE DE DE DE OE DE DE DE DE DE OE OD Calculating footing dimension
26. Choose Job type as Octagonal and design code as US Select support node 5 in main view Support assignment type will be automatically switched to Assign to selected support Job Name Oct1 Job Type Isolated Design Code Default Unit Type Support Assignment i Listed Supports Octagonal Transfer both load cases to Selected load cases by clicking button Now click on Create Job button to create a new octagonal footing job Also note the main view now shows octagonal shape for support number 5 Section 3 Quick Tour 3 93 STAAD foundation User s Manual 3 94 Section 3 Quick Tour 3 24 Entering Octagonal footing design parameters Please note main navigator tree is now changed with octagonal footing related controls For octagonal footing jobs a unique group called Octagonal footing Job will be created in the main navigator pane 4 Octagonal Footing Job Design Parameters gt Design Parameters gt Footing Geometry Gi Design Click on Design Parameters leaf under Design parameters group to change design parameters For this example we will use default values as shown below Design Parameters Section 3 Quick Tour 3 95 Click on Footing Geometry leaf under Design Parameters group to change values related to geometry For this example we will use default values as shown below Now click on
27. Combined Footing In this job setup you can create a combined footing with two supports as well as a strip footing with more than two supports Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 163 4 7 1 Creating Combined Footing Job Create linear supports from Column Position as follows and add loads as described earlier Now go to Create New Job Give a suitable job name Choose Job Type as Combined Select and move the load from Available Load Case list to Selected Load Case list Then click on Create Job button You will see some new control came at the bottom of the Job Info data input pane to create a combined footing with selected supports STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 164 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment Data Input Pane S AX Job Info Job Name combi Design Code us Loading Available Load Cases Selected Load Cases Strip Footing Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 165 4 7 2 Creating the Combined Footing Now select the support in the Geometry view using the mouse dragging Create from Selected Nodes Now click on the button Create from Selected Nodes which will show a tree view with the footing included with support STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 166 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment Strip Footing Strip footing se
28. DE DE DE E DE DE DE DE DE DE DE DE Pt DE DE DE E E After design is complete a summary table will appear in output pane Detail drawing and layout drawing will be shown in corresponding tabs Other than that a BM amp SF diagram will be generated for the strip footing in the Strip Footing Graph pane as shown below Section 3 Quick Tour 3 91 Select strip footing index Footing C1 EJ Selectload case 1 1 4DL 1 7LL S 205 70 191 65 163 55 135 44 107 34 79 23 65 18 51 13 23 02 5 08 33 18 61 29 75 34 89 39 299 455 121 335 117 50 145 60 0 00 35 14 70 27 105 41 140 54 175 68 210 82 245 95 281 09 316 22 351 36 386 50 421 439 20 Length in 66 545 171 419 Shear Force kip 8053 56 7959 45 6571 23 5583 00 4594 78 3606 55 3112 44 2618 33 1630 10 641 88 184 848 6711 302 Bending Moment kip in 62 848 3582 707 3311 021 0 00 35 14 70 27 105 41 140 54 175 68 210 82 245 95 281 09 316 22 351 36 386 50 421 439 20 Length in is STAAD foundation User s Manual 3 92 Section 3 Quick Tour 3 23 Creating Octagonal Footing Job Now let us create a new job inside this same project to illustrate the process for designing an octagonal footing Click on the Create a new Job leaf under Job Setup group in main navigator pane The Create a New Job form will open in data area pane Enter job name as Oct1
29. Design leaf to design the octagonal footing After design is completed a design summary table will be shown in Output pane 3 96 STAAD foundation User s Manual Section 3 Quick Tour Calculation sheet will be opened automatically as shown below Octagonal Foundation 5 Geometrical Deseripton Pedestal Geometry Unit Height Diameter Footing Geometry Unit Minimum Footing Diameter Maximum Footing Diameter Minimum Footing Depth Maximum Footing Depth tin 36 000 36 000 n 72 000 300 000 36 000 72 000 Minimum Stability Ratio Soil Depth Cover F Fy Bar Type Minimum Bar Diameter Maximum Bar Diameter Concrete Density Soil Density Allowable Bearing Pressure 1 500 0 000 ft 2 000 in 4 000 ksi 60 000 ksi Metric 70 78 125 000 Ib ft3 115 000 Ib ft3 4 000 kip ft2 We may now want to visit layout drawing and detailed drawing pages to see those drawings Section 3 Quick Tour 3 97 STAAD foundation User s Manual 3 98 Section 3 Quick Tour 3 25 Conclusion We hope you have enjoyed this Quick Tour of STAAD foundation s features and facilities If you would like additional assistance in learning how to use STAAD foundation there are many resources available to you Within the Online Help facility you will find documentation describing the program theory and a detailed description of every command in the program You may also vi
30. Entities The Move Selected Entities menu command allows you to move selected entities like support positions beams and piles After selecting the entities to be moved click on the Move Selected Entities button program will bring a dialog box where you need to input incremental X Y Z distance Move selected entities by Unit i Detax Detay 100 Detaz 0 Rectangular Mat Wizard This option provides a simple wizard to create mat foundation job Using this option you can create a job define boundary mesh it and define analysis properties Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 205 Mat Foundation modeling wizard E STAAD fou n datio n Mat Foundation modeling wizard Job setup Boundary setup Job name IOo o x coordinate at Top left comer 0 Length Unit fn v Z coordinate at Top left comer 0 Default unit Type English Length o wa 5 m Design code US Mi Width 0 Support assigned Allsupports ea oo Length Meshing Slab Property Meshing type Quadrilate w Analysis thickness 12 o Element size h2 o Design thickness 12 cia Subgrade modulus o 04 kipin27in The following commands are available to create rectangular mat foundation Job name It s an identifier to assign each job a unique name Length Unit Length unit will be used to define mat boundary and to assign slab thickness Default Unit Type Default unit type to be used to setup de
31. Finally click on the Assign button to have the load assigned to all the supports in the project E Load Description Tree 5 0 Load Case 1 Load Case 1 B E Column Reaction Loading Reaction Fx 5 00 Fy 5 00 Se Add Load Assign To View Note Alternatively we could have selected all the supports in the Graphics window by clicking on them and then selected STAAD foundation User s Manual 3 16 Section 3 Quick Tour Assign To Selection Or we could have selected Assign To Edit List and then typed in the list of nodes for each support The assigned loadings will be displayed on the nodes as illustrated in the figure below If you are not able to see the loads properly it may because the scaling value for the display is either too small or too big To change the scale value click on the Scale Setup Options leaf under Project Info group in Main Navigator pane Section 3 Quick Tour 3 17 PRIA OPU EADE n Scale setup Result Scales Displacement 0 033 Loading Scales La Point Load 5 Point Moment 100 Distributed Load 100 Pressure Load 100 Modeling Scales Footing Width 50 LE Lele Leo A Pile Length 100 Now increase the value for Point Load in order to make the nodal loads more visible Any changes to the values in the Scales tab will become effective immediately in view pane We will no
32. Global X Global Y or Global Z in which the load will act upon Now input start and end distance of the load Please note distances here are in local coordinates Finally click on Add Load to accept the load Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 45 4 4 3 10 Load assignment methods The Assignment Method utility allows you to choose the method of assignment and contains the following methods and commands e Assign to View e Assign to Selection e Assign to Edit List e Assign Load Assign To View here Assign To Selection Assign To Edit List Assign to View The Assign to View option assigns the selected load to all relevant objects in the Graphics Window Assign to Selection The Assign to Selection option assigns the selected load to only those relevant objects that are selected in the Graphics Window Assign to Edit List The Assign to Edit List option assigns the selected load to only those objects that are inputted in the column list edit box ats C Load Description Tree 5 0 Load Case 1 Load1 B E Column Reaction Loading Reaction Fy 40 00 Add Load Assign To Edit Li gt Assign Load STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 46 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment Assign Load The Assign command button assigns the selected load using the Assignment Method chosen C Load Description Tree CI Load Case 1 Load1 Column Reaction Loading 3 Re
33. Load for Mat only Add Member Load Gy Add Uniform Load E Add Concentrated Load 5 Add Trapezoidal Load gt Safety Factor Table E Create New Load Combination F Remove Load Case Alternatively you can right click on Load Case 1 Load Case 1 string in load description area and click on the Add a Column Reaction Load menu STAAD foundation User s Manual 3 14 Section 3 Quick Tour Load Case 1 m Add Point Load Add Line Load Add Circular Load Add Rectangular Load Add Member Load 5 000000 Fx 000000 Fz 0 000000 Moments Unit kNm Mx 0 000000 My 0 000000 0 000000 A form will appear allowing you to create a nodal load Enter a value of 5 in the Fx field and a value of 5 in the Fy field Then click on the Add Load button to accept the load input Section 3 Quick Tour 3 15 Note Negative and positive values follow the sign conventions of the axis system Negative values are downward compressive forces and positive values are upward tensile forces 0 Load Description Tree B Load Case 1 Load Case 1 Column Reaction Loading Reaction Fx 5 00 Fy 5 00 The load will now appear under the Column Reaction Loading folder in the Load Description pane We will now assign the load to all the supports we created earlier First select the load in the Data Area pane by clicking on it Then select Assign To View for the Assignment Method
34. Prev Page button displays the previous page in a report If you are at the first page in a report the button will be grayed out Two Page The Two Page button allows you to display two pages of a report on the screen at a time Once you are in two page mode the text on the button will change to One Page If you click on the button again one page will be displayed on the screen at a time and the text on the button will change back to Two Page STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 218 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment Zoom In The Zoom In button allows you to zoom in closer on a page of a report After you click on the Zoom In button your mouse cursor will change to a magnifying glass You may then zoom in on a portion of a report by clicking on the region you want to zoom in on Once you have zoomed in the Zoom In button will become grayed out You may return to the original viewing distance by clicking on the Zoom Out button Zoom Out The Zoom Out button allows you to zoom back out after zooming in on a page of a report The Zoom Out button is only active after zooming in on a page of a report Close The Close button removes the print preview window Print The Print icon opens a standard Windows print dialog box and allows you to print the active project report Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 219 ele 7 cave f Selection STAAD foundation User
35. Table job1 8 18 00 in 8 18 00 in Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 9 4 6 2 4 1 Layout Drawing After successful design Layout drawing will be automatically drawn to scale complete with a title block Switch to Layout Drawing tab to view the layout drawing Click on Save Drawing As button to save the drawing in different formats including DWG and DXF Save Drawing As STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 92 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 6 2 4 2 Detail Drawing After successful design Detail drawing will be automatically drawn complete with a title block Switch to Detail Drawing tab to view the detailed drawing of each footing designed Detailed drawing shows detailed reinforcement and sectional drawing of one footing at once Select the current footing from drop down list at the top called Footing No The drawing will be automatically refreshed with selection changed PileCap Plan 8 17 000 in PileCap Reinforcement Section Like layout drawing this can be saved in different formats including DWG and DXF by clicking on Save Drawing As button Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 93 4 6 3 Mat Foundation Mat foundation local data group is called Mat foundation Job The Mat foundation Job group allows you to create mat boundary meshing and specify analysis and design parameters to analyze and design mat slab M
36. The following pile arrangement data and commands are available e Support for Pile Arrangement e Pile Capacity e Pile Diameter e Spacing e Edge Distance e Show Loading on Support e Pile Arrangement Type e Calculate e Delete Selected Rows e Show Pile Reactions e Select Arrangement Support for Pile Arrangement The Support for Pile Arrangement drop down list box allows you to select a support from the current job for which you would like to input pile arrangement Pile Capacity The Pile Capacity group box allows you to input the forces that a pile is meant to bear Unit The Unit drop down list box allows you to select the force unit used for Pile Capacity Lateral The Lateral field allows you to specify the lateral force a pile is meant to bear STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 76 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment Vertical The Vertical field allows you to specify the vertical force a pile is meant to bear Uplift The Uplift field allows you to specify the uplifting force a pile is meant to bear Pile Diameter The Pile Dia field allows you to specify the diameter of a pile User can choose appropriate unit from the drop down list at right Spacing The Spacing field allows you to specify the spacing between piles User can choose appropriate unit from the drop down list at right Edge Distance The Edge Distance field allows you to specify the distance between the
37. This information is then used in the design stage of the program to Establish the required top and bottom flexural reinforcing in two orthogonal directions check punching shear capacity at column locations The flexural design is done in accordance with Chapter 10 of the Code The reinforcement areas are computed for a notional band one unit of length wide The program allows the designer as an option to use the Wood Armer equations for reinforcement calculations as follows Mx My and Mxy are fetched or calculated as described above They are used to compute the values of design moments Mxd and Myd For top reinforcement the program computes Mx Mx abs Mxy My1 My abs Mxy Mx2 Mx abs Mxy My My2 My abs Mxy Mx Section 2 Theoretical Basis 2 25 If both Mx1 and My1 are positive Mxd Mx1 and Myd My1 If both Mx1 and My are negative Mxd 0 and Myd 0 If Mx1 is negative and My1 positive Mxd 0 and Myd My2 If Myl is negative and Mx1 positive Mxd Mx2 and Myd 0 For bottom reinforcement Mx Mx abs Mxy My1 My abs Mxy Mx2 Mx abs Mxy My My2 My abs Mxy Mx If both Mx1 and My1 are positive Mxd 0 and Myd 0 If both Mx1 and My are negative Mxd Mx1 and Myd My1 If Mx1 is negative and My1 positive Mxd Mx2 and Myd 0 If Myl is negative and Mx positive Mxd 0 and Myd My2 Mxd and Myd are then used in lieu of Mx and My for ca
38. Vamax 122 45 x 3 5 x 0 56 424 289 KN 2 424 289 x 1000 3500x560 0 2165 N mm lt T oan Hence safe Developed shear stress T Check for Two Way Shear Vumax 1500 KN 1500x1000 2 Developed shear stress 7 0 698 N mm 4x 960x560 K min 0 5 1 1 1 Section 5 Indian Verification Problems 6 5 Allowable shear stress K x T 1 x 0 254 fc 0 968 N mm Note We are not deducting the upward force underneath the area enclosed by the critical perimeter because in this way we are in the conservative side Spacing 2646 4 x 4 No of 10 mm bar 33 69 34 mzx10x10 3500 50x 2 10 Spacing __ 102 73 mm 34 1 Spacing for 10 mm bar 102 73 mm 10 g 109 C E BOTH Ways 15 BARS PLAN OF REINFORCEMENT 6 6 STAAD foundation User s Manual Section 5 Indian Verification Problems 404 COLUM BARS if E oomecS 39 Ci cam cover p Tir mesg J k ai wars cccmow q a Sectional clevathion showing reinforcement Comparison Reference STAAD foundation Difference Value Of A Result Result in Percent Effective 560 mm 560 mm None Depth Governing o 514 826 KN m 514 821 KN m Negligible Moment A f os 2646 40 mm 2645 01 mm 0 05 Steal Shear Stress 0 216 N mm 0 216 N mm None One Way Shear Stress 0 698 N mm 0 700 N mm 0 286 Two Way Table 6 1
39. Zoning leaf under Mat slab design options in main navigator pane 3 59 STAAD foundation User s Manual 3 60 Section 3 Quick Tour Mat slab design options 5 Analyze Output View Options E Moment envelope generation 5 Design Parameters p BReinforcement Zoning a lt Cut slab by a line amp Calculation sheet A form will appear in data area pane which will look like following Reinforcement Zoning e Slab Detailing Choose Slab Face Longitudinal Top E Preferred Zone Reinforcement Count Create Block Zere root View Option Show Grid Lines v Zone Editing Lock Higher Zone Current Zone E Zone 50 bi X Select Nodes Reset Zones By default slab face is set as Longitudinal Top Use preferred zone reinforcement count as 3 Now click on Create Zone button The program will plot colored dots on each design point based on required reinforcement We can call this reinforcement contour plot Section 3 Quick Tour 3 61 Panel No 1 Please note that the slab is divided in three different reinforcing zones where Zone is blue and lowest zone Often times Zone 1 represents the minimum reinforcing zone Zone 3 is red and represents highest reinforcing zone It is evident from the graphics that the reinforcement blocks are not regular shaped polygon STAAD foundation has an in built tool to create a regular
40. and at any point within the element Section 2 Theoretical Basis 2 11 2 4 Element Local Coordinate System The precise orientation of local coordinates is determined as follows 1 The vector pointing from I to J is defined to be parallel to the local X axis 2 The cross product of vectors IJ and IK defines a vector parallel to the local Z axis i e z IJ x IK 3 The cross product of vectors z and x defines a vector parallel to the local Y axis i e y ZX X 4 The origin of the axes is at the center average of the 4 joint locations 3 joint locations for a triangle The sign convention of output force and moment resultants is illustrated in Section 2 6 2 12 STAAD foundation User s Manual Section 2 Theoretical Basis 2 5 Output of Element Forces ELEMENT FORCE outputs are available at the following locations A Center point of the element B All corner nodes of the element C At any user specified point within the element The following is a list of the items included in the ELEMENT STRESS output SQX SQY Shear stresses Force unit len thk SX SY SXY Membrane stresses Force unit len thk MX MY MXY Bending moments per unit width Moment unit len SMAX SMIN Principal stresses Force unit area TMAX Maximum shear stress Force unit area ANGLE Orientation of the principal plane Degrees VONT VONB Von Mises stress where VM 0 707 SMAX SMIN SM
41. assumed f Compressive and flexural strength of pedestal Step 1 Determine footing plan geometry based on loading and bearing resistance of the soil Stress distribution under the footing is assumed to be linear For eccentrically loaded footings the stresses may become tensile under part of the foundation In such cases the program sets stress values in uplift zones to zero and calculates new values elsewhere for the revised equilibrium condition The final plan dimensions of the footing are established iteratively from the condition that the maximum stress should not exceed the factored bearing resistance of the soil Step 2 Calculate footing thickness based on structural capacity in shear and bending Section 2 Theoretical Basis 2 27 Structural design of the footing consists of the following d Punching shear check in accordance with Section 11 12 2 at a distance of d 2 from the pedestal The critical section comprises four straight line segments parallel to the corresponding sides of the pedestal One way shear beam action in accordance with Sections 11 1 through 11 5 at a distance of d from the face of the pedestal in both orthogonal directions The critical plane is assumed to extend over the entire width length of the footing Bending in accordance with Sections 15 4 2 and 10 3 4 with the critical planes located at both orthogonal faces of the pedestal and extending across the full width length of th
42. ax 4 STAAD foundation Member B Project Info 4 Review History e57 Modeling View Options Sy Scale setup options The General Information page opens a form in the Data Area pane that allows you to store project related data Section 3 Quick Tour 3 7 Project ID Project Title Site Location Organization Contact Person Phone Designer Supervisor Start Date Jul 25 2007 Target Date Jul 25 2007 The information inputted on the General Information page can later be used in reports and drawings In addition to the General Information page there is also another leaf called Review History Invoke the page by clicking on the Review History under the Project Info group STAAD foundation User s Manual 3 8 Section 3 Quick Tour A form will be displayed in the Data Area pane that allows you to keep track of the progress of a project Review History Comments A date job name checked by and comments may be entered for each revision of a project The comments for a given revision will be shown in the Comments box if you select the respective revision in the table The Save button should be clicked after inserting any new revision history data to update the revision history table If you want to delete a particular revision history record simply select the record by clicking on the respective Id and click on the Delete but
43. default the destination folder is set as C Staad foundation 4 Click on Change button to change the folder location STAAD foundation User s Manual 1 8 Section 1 System Requirements Installation and Start up i STAAD foundation 4 InstallShield Wizard Select Server Settings Configure SELECT server information You may choose to configure this information later using Bentley SELECT XM License Tool SELECT Server Settings Server Name ficensexM bentiey com Site Activation Key 13925H8PC93vz4Y Default email Your Name yourcompany com When asked for SELECT Server name and site activation key please enter the information if you have those For Standalone workstation set server name to LocalHost and activation key to 1 For Bentley hosted or deployed local SELECT installations discussed later in this guide you will need to use the proper server name and activation key In case of Bentley hosted server both server name and activation key is provided by Bentley For deployed local SELECT server installations activation key is provided by Bentley and server name is the name of your local SELECT server You may also choose to configure these information later A trial license is installed with software which allows you to run STAAD foundation for a period of up to 15 days In case you did not enter the server name and activation key during installation you must configure the server information
44. e Rotate Toolbar e Zoom Toolbar e Select Toolbar STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 210 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 10 1 Standard Toolbar Standard toolbar has several icons in it and can be categorized as followings e File Toolbar e Print Toolbar e Import Toolbar e Save Picture e Change Job e Change Current Load Case e Tools Toolbar e Loading Toolbar e View Options Toolbar e Unit setup toolbar e Scale setup toolbar Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 211 4 10 1 1 File Toolbar CD eH The File Toolbar allows you to perform project file related operations such as creating a new project opening an existing project and saving a project The File Toolbar contains the following toolbar icons e New e Open e Save New The New icon creates a new STAAD foundation project Open The Open icon brings up the open file dialog box and allows you to open an existing STAAD foundation project STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 212 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment STAAD foundation File opening Look in CQ Examples 70 2 em verification ea ex08_slabDesign0 afs ea ex08iso afs ea ex08pile_iso afs File name ex08 afs lt SES AD foundation Fles afs Ss To open an existing project navigate to the directory in which the project file is located and then select the file and click o
45. for punching shear Assuming 75 mm clear cover and 20 bars Effective depth de 950 75 20 2 865 mm Upward pressure 608 8 2 KN m 304 4 KN m Allowable shear stress K x T3 K min 1 1 Where 2 1 K 1 and 7 0 254 foe 1 18 N mm Therefore allowable shear stress 1 x 118 N mm 1 118 N mm Maximum shear for C 1350 KN STAAD foundation User s Manual 6 24 Section 5 Indian Verification Problems Developed shear stress 1350x1000 ee 2x 400 865 400 865 x 865 0 533 N mm lt T cuhisvaie Hence safe Maximum shear for C 2400 KN Developed shear stress _ 2400x1000 4x 500 865 x 865 0 508 N mm lt J EAE Hence safe Note We are not deducting the upward force underneath the area enclosed by the critical perimeter because in this way we are in the conservative side Calculation of reinforcement Maximum negative moment M 1227 KN m Maximum negative moment width 1227 2 KN m m 613 5 KN m m Area of steel required on top face along length fe 4 6MU Ag 0 5 x x 1 1 x Bx d jcx Bxdexde B 1000 mm de 865 mm M 613 5 x 106 N mm As 2067 97 mm m Asmin 0 0012 x B x D 1140mm m Section 5 Indian Verification Problems 6 25 c shear force KN 1228 OFE My 1227 kNm i fi RT d ee i 7 ht ay i moment kNm Comparison Value Of Reference Result ST
46. hand rule so a positive Fy value will create a tensile force STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 34 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 4 3 3 Adda Point Load for Mat only The Point Load button opens a dialog box that allows you to create a concentrated load on a mat Point loads are only applicable to mat foundations Forces Unit kip GMoments oo Unit kip Position Unit E X 0 000000 Y 0 000000 zZ 0 000000 Unit Select the unit of the position of the applied point load on mat x 2 To create a Point Load first select the Force and Moment Units to use for the load Then input the magnitude of the forces Fx Fy Fz and moments Mx My Mz Next input the loading position X Y Z and select the Unit measurement for the loading position Finally click on Add Load button to include the load Note The Y Loading Position must correspond to the elevation of the foundation supports Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 35 4 4 3 4 Adda Quadrilateral Load for Mat only Clicking on the Add Quadrilateral Load leaf opens a form that allows you to create a Quadrilateral Load Quadrilateral Loads are plate pressure load and only applicable to mat foundations Pressure A Unit S Pressure Position Unit in x1 Z1 T X4 y v Pressure Value of the pressure acting on a quadrilateral area on mat Enter a ve value if the pr
47. intersection node The distance between the first point and second point is the radius of the circle If the mouse cursor is not released on a grid intersection point load will not be created After successful mouse release on a grid intersection point a dialog box will appear where you can input pressure and modify center and radius values STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 234 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment Add Circular Pressure Load STAAD foundation Add Circular Load Pressure Unit ksi v Length Unit in b Pressure 0 01 Center x 30 Radius 10 CenterY 0 Division he CS CenterZ 80 ra Add Quadrilateral Pressure Load This option allows user to add a quadrilateral pressure load to the current load case Please note quadrilateral pressure is applicable only to mat foundation To create the quadrilateral pressure load click on any grid intersection point and that will become the top left corner of the rectangle Draw the rubber band and release the mouse cursor on a grid intersection point which will be bottom right corner of the rectangle A dialog box will appear which will allow you to input pressure and modify coordinates Add Rectangular Pressure Load E STAAN foundation Add Quad Loading Force Unit ksi v Length Unit in y Force 0 01 Y Position 0 x 80 zi 70 x2 70 z2 70 x3 70 z3 30 xa s za 30 Section 4 STAAD foundat
48. load Then input the magnitude of the load in the Force field Next input the X and Z coordinates of the start and end points of the line in the Starting X Starting Z Ending X Ending Z fields Then input the elevation at which the load is applied in the Y Pos field Finally click on Add Load button to include the load Note The Y Position must correspond to the elevation of the foundation supports STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 42 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 4 3 7 Add Uniform Load member load Clicking on the Add Uniform Load leaf opens a form in data area pane that allows you to create a uniform load on physical beams Direction Global X 4 Position Unit in Start Distance d1 0 000000 End Distance d2 0 000000 Direction z Select the load direction from the combo box i To create a uniform beam Load first select the Load and Length Units to use for the load Next input the load value with proper sign Please note a positive Y value represents load acting upward Now select the Direction Local X Local Y Local Z Global X Global Y or Global Z in which the load will act upon If this a partial load input start and end distance Please note start and end distance are here in local coordinates If start and end distance are kept as 0 0 the load will be applied on entire beam Finally click on Add Load to accept the load Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphi
49. logical manner which shows program flow Critical Axial design Load Pu 0 00 kip Load Case 2 From ACI CI 11 12 2 1 Bo for column 2X Beat Deot 2 X de 216 00 i Equation 11 35 V4 242 xpd 1000 F 3442 58 c Equation 11 36 V4 2 4oxSe x pax 1000XF 5610 13 Equation 11 37 Vog 4XB X de 1000 XF2 2295 05 Punching shear strength V minimum of Vq Yoz Veg 2295 05 After successful design you can open Report Setup to print design summary table Switch to Geometry view in main view area to activate toolbar Now click on Report Setup icon in toolbar It will open a report setup dialog box where under current job a summary table will be available Select that item by clicking that item in left list box and bring it over to right size by clicking button Now click on OK and the dialog box will be dismissed STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 90 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment Report Setup Item Header and Logo Select ltem job1 v Summary Table job1 lt lt Available Selected Now click on Print Preview icon in toolbar to see print preview and then click on Print button to print the summary table Sofware ticenses w Awe l Jon The ans mie solated afs DaeTime 22 Aug 2007 16 27 Summary Table job1 No of piles Footing Length Footing Width Thickness in in in Pot 72 000 72 000 38 000 Summary
50. noted that before installing STAAD foundation 4 0 you must install Bentley IEG License Service Version 2 0 7 using the MSI package BentleylIEGLicenseService 2 0 7 msi This MSI package is available at the Bentley SELECT download site as the pre requisite for STAAD foundation and can be downloaded from the same location as STAAD foundation If you can locate any updated version later than 2 0 7 of this component you may use that package instead of BentleylIEGLicenseService 2 0 7 msi Locate STAAD foundation 4 0 installation image on local or network drive and double click on the installation startup MSI package STAAD foundation 4 msi or double click on the installation startup program Setup exe available within the Install subfolder of the installation image While installing STAAD foundation please follow all of the installation interaction dialogs and enter necessary information Following dialogs will appear in sequence Follow the instructions on the subsequent dialog boxes The following steps are for assistance on the more significant dialogs Those that are not illustrated here are self explanatory STAAD foundation User s Manual 1 6 Section 1 System Requirements Installation and Start up i STAAD foundation 4 InstallShield Wizard x Welcome to the InstallShield Wizard for STAAD foundation 4 The InstallShield R Wizard will install STAAD foundation 4 on your computer To continue d
51. of two sets of data global and local Global data such as column reactions and column positions is shared throughout a project among both similar and different jobs Local data such as design parameters is used only within a specific job type For example an Isolated Footing job type has local data within the design parameters group The middle pane 2 located to the immediate right of the Main Navigator pane is called the Main View It has multiple tabs for graphical display of the model layout drawing detail drawing and calculation sheet For strip footing design it will have an additional tab to display Shear Force and Bending Moment graphs for design load cases The right most pane 3 is called the Data Area It also has 2 tabs One for loading and the other one to contain the forms that provide input data or display output The bottom pane 4 is called Output Area It will list design progress while designing or analyzing a foundation and will display output tables like Output Summary Table for Isolated pile cap strip footing design and analysis output tables like displacement plate stress etc for mat foundation STAAD foundation User s Manual 3 6 Section 3 Quick Tour The default page that opens when starting a new project is the General Information page The General Information page may also be invoked by clicking on the General Information leaf under Main Navigator tab Main Navigator
52. ol olo colsicaicliala Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 133 4 6 5 5 Support Reaction Summary Design Progress Report Displacement 4 Disp Summary Reaction Reaction Summary 4 Contact Are Click on the Reaction Summary tab to review support reaction summary results This option is available only if the mat is supported on soil Reaction summary table displays maximum and minimum reaction forces for all directions among all load cases Each row displays either a maximum or minimum value of a particular DOF along with node and load case number Clicking on any row will highlight corresponding node in the graphics 1 1 496520042 1239615082 0 25695100410 0 003219750 0 1230 i 4 917670011 3 298340082 0 2849020060 0 000755416 0 azs n o poosomao o o o 471 1 lo lo 0 lo lo 0 154 1 0 134885996 2 467761278 0 204851001 0 0 001639820 0 1230 2 1 218780040 2879164934 5 640240192 0 0 856886982 0 1 1 lo 0421932399 0 Jo o 0 1 1 lo 0 421932399 0 g jo 0 1192 2 1 244420051 1 088517308 2 414170026 0 4 461840152 0 136 1 1 068950057 1 036438465 0 183538004 0 0 002299840 0 1 1 lo 0 421932399 0 lo o 0 1 1 lo 0 421932399 0 lo lo 0 STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 134 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 6 5 6 Contact Area Click on Contact Area tab to review
53. option is recommended to be always selected STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 156 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 6 6 4 Section Design along a Line 4 Mat slab design options 5 Analyze 5 Output View Options gt Moment envelope generation 5 Design Parameters gt Reinforcement Zoning gt Cut slab by a line gt Calculation sheet Clicking on the Cut slab by a Line opens a form in the Data Area pane that allows you to draw a stress diagram along a specified section line and then design slab along that line Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 157 Cut slab by a line Slab cut options By drawing a line on slab a i J O By specifying coordinates Unit m Starting x 0 StartingZ 0 Ending 1 Ending Z Interpolation Factor 3 lt P Graph Scale Factor 1 Stress Type None vj Fal Mat_Examp08 E Cut Line 1 Mx Design Selected Line The following commands and options are available in the Data Area pane e Slab cut options e Interpolation Factor e Graph Scale Factor e Insert a new Cut Line e Stress Type e Design Selected Line Slab cut options STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 158 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment The cut line or the line on the slab can be drawn either by inputting two coordinates or by clicking at t
54. output pane below Moab bl Design Progress Report Displacement Disp Summary A Reaction Reaction Summary Contact Area A Plate Stress Plate Stress Summary Click on the Displacement tab to view nodal displacement for current selected load case Section 3 Quick Tour 0 274945 0 262900 0 250547 0 239450 0 231245 0 227239 This table lists the node displacement for the three translational and three rotational degrees of freedom Click on Disp Summary tab to view node displacement summary for all six degrees of freedom among all load cases Please note maximum positive displacement in Y direction is 0 049418 in and maximum negative displacement is 792751 in 0 000000 0 296130 0 000000 0 002332 0 000000 0 000834 693 0 000000 0 049418 0 000000 0 000150 0 000000 0 000102 1320 0 000000 0 792751 0 000000 0 005146 0 000000 0 003932 1 0 000000 0 296130 0 000000 0 002332 0 000000 0 000834 1 0 000000 0 296130 0 000000 0 002332 0 000000 0 000834 1144 0 000000 0 523888 0 000000 0 006002 0 000000 0 003256 220 0 000000 0 519242 0 000000 0 005586 0 000000 0 003260 0 000000 0 296130 0 000000 0 002332 0 000000 0 000834 0 000000 0 296130 0 000000 0 002332 0 000000 0 000834 0 000000 0 472672 0 000000 0 004098 0 000000 0 003573 0 000000 0 579236 0 000000 0 004439 0 000000 0 004835 ah a a a ad
55. parametric pile arrangement data and commands are available e Support for Pile Arrangement e Pile Capacity e Pile Diameter e Spacing e Edge Distance e Pile Arrangement Type Rectangular or Circular e Number of Rows e Row spacing e Number of Columns e Column spacing e Create Pile Arrangement e Select Current Arrangement e Show Pile Reaction e Row Spacing e Column Spacing Support for Pile Arrangement The Support for Pile Arrangement drop down list box allows you to select a support from the current job for which you would like to input pile arrangement Pile Capacity The Pile Capacity group box allows you to input the forces that a pile is meant to bear Unit The Unit drop down list box allows you to select the force unit used for Pile Capacity and length unit used for spacing diameter edge distance etc Pile Capacity STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 82 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment Lateral The Lateral field allows you to specify the lateral force a pile is meant to bear Vertical The Vertical field allows you to specify the vertical force a pile is meant to bear Uplift The Uplift field allows you to specify the uplifting force a pile is meant to bear Pile Diameter The Pile Dia field allows you to specify the diameter of a pile Spacing The Spacing field allows you to specify the spacing between piles Edge Distance The Edge Distance field allows y
56. providing reference points for initial mat set up and load information and defining boundaries of the mat or Creating the foundation slab from scratch and inputting loading information manually Modeling of the foundation involves meshing of the slab to generate grid of finite elements As with any FEM project the denser the grid smaller elements the more precise results will be obtained In addition to the slab the raft may include a number of beams between the column locations Since the beams would normally be part of the foundation the slab polygonal meshing algorithm accounts for the presence of the beam and ensures that they become continuously integral with the slab New nodes are purposely created on the centerline of the beam and the beam is split between those points into a number of segments 2 24 STAAD foundation User s Manual Section 2 Theoretical Basis Once the mat is defined and all material soil properties are input the program may proceed with the analysis of the structure It is performed by the state of the art STAAD Analysis Engine Realistic soil response is achieved by employing non linear compression only spring supports to model subgrade reactions Pile reactions if present are proportional to linear displacements of the supported node and include both compression and tension uplift The program calculates internal forces and deflections for all slab and beam elements of the foundation
57. shape from this irregular shape Click on the Create Block button STAAD foundation will divide the slab into block shaped areas based on the reinforcement zones generated by the Create Reinforcing Zones command STAAD foundation User s Manual 3 62 Section 3 Quick Tour These rectangular areas are created to allow a practical layout of the various sizes of reinforcing steel Click on the Steel Detailing button The following screen will come up showing the reinforcement steel details of the three zones in the plan view We may also cut the slab by any user defined line and view your desired stress value Max absolute Max VonMises SX S Y MX MY Section 3 Quick Tour 3 63 etc along that line Click on the Cut slab by a line leaf under Mat slab design options group in main navigator pane Mat slab design options Sy Analyze 5 Output View Options 5 Moment envelope generation 5 Design Parameters E Reinforcement Zoning 2 Icut slab by a line E amp Calculation sheet A new form will appear in the Data Area pane STAAD foundation User s Manual 3 64 Section 3 Quick Tour Cut slab by a line Slab cut options By drawing a line on slab By specifying coordinates Unit f me StattingX g Starting2 0 Ending 100 EndingZ 0 Interpolation Factor 3 Graph Scale Factor 1
58. sheet which presents detailed step by step calculation with relevant code clause numbers equations and corresponding calculated values Calculation sheet is organized in a logical manner which shows program flow After successful design you can open Report Setup to print design summary table Switch to Geometry view in main view area to activate toolbar Now click on Report Setup icon in toolbar It will open a report setup dialog box where under current job a summary table will be available Select that item by clicking that item in left list box and bring it over to right side by clicking button Now click on OK and the dialog box will be dismissed Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 71 Report Setup x tem Header and Logo Select ltem y Summary Table JOb1 gt gt lt lt Available Selected Now click on Print Preview icon in toolbar to see print preview and then click on Print button to print the summary table L amp Be T Sofware tcenses to Awel sins Joo The Re ja Date na Cent Fle Isolated afs DateTime 21 Aug 2007 13 40 Summary Table JOb1 Footing No Footing Length Footing Width Thickness in in in pt 49 00 in 4100in __10 00in_ Summary Table JOb1 Footing No Main Steel Secondary Steel Pedestal Main Steel Pedestal Secondary 1 6 18 13 incic 6 12 08 in cic Not Found Not Found STAAD foundati
59. to the dialog box in the Data Area pane showing the input for pile arrangements Please notice that the pile co ordinates have come up in the corresponding table STAAD foundation User s Manual 3 76 Section 3 Quick Tour Pile Arrangement Type Auto Arrangement Calculate Manual Arrangement Column location at 0 0 a Delete Selected Rows Q Show Pile Reactions If we click on the button for Show Pile Reactions the reaction on each pile shows up Section 3 Quick Tour 3 77 Depending on the pile arrangement diagram we may decide whether to go on with this arrangement or not If we decide not to go on with the arrangement we would again click on Calculate Otherwise we click on the Select Arrangement button to select the arrangement STAAD foundation User s Manual 3 78 Section 3 Quick Tour 3 18 Entering Pile Cap Design Parameters After the pile arrangement is selected the design for the pile cap is begun The form for input of design parameters is invoked by clicking the Design Parameters leaf under Pile Cap Job group in main navigator pane 4 Pile Cap Job gt Pile Layout Predefined Pile Layout Parametric 3 Design Parameters Fy Design The Design Parameters page will be displayed in the Data Area pane Section 3 Quick Tour 3 79 Design Paramenters Let us accept the default parame
60. triangles and quadrilaterals with corner nodes only with each node having six degrees of freedom These elements are the simplest forms of flat shell plate elements possible with corner nodes only and six degrees of freedom per node Yet solutions to sample problems converge rapidly to accurate answers even with a large mesh size These elements may be connected to plane space frame members with full displacement compatibility No additional restraints releases are required Out of plane shear strain energy is incorporated in the formulation of the plate bending component As a result the elements respond to Poisson boundary conditions that are considered to be more accurate than the customary Kirchoff boundary conditions The plate bending portion can handle thick and thin plates thus extending the usefulness of the plate elements into a multiplicity of problems In addition the thickness of the plate is taken into consideration in calculating the out of plane shear STAAD foundation User s Manual 2 10 Section 2 Theoretical Basis 9 The plane stress triangle behaves almost on par with the well known linear stress triangle The triangles of most similar flat shell elements incorporate the constant stress triangle that has very slow rates of convergence Thus the triangular shell element is very useful in problems with double curvature where the quadrilateral element may not be suitable 10 Stress retrieval at nodes
61. using the Bentley SELECT XM License Tool within 15 days The process is described under the heading b Adding the Bentley SELECT Server activation code of this document Section 1 System Requirements Installation and Start up 1 9 i STAAD foundation 4 InstallShield Wizard Customer Information Please enter your information User Name Organization Bentley Systems Install this application for Anyone who uses this computer all users Only for me Apurba Tribedi Next screen allows user to input User Name and Organization and the option to choose whether program will be installed for current user or all users iS STAAD foundation 4 InstallShield Wizard Ready to Install the Program The wizard is ready to begin installation Click Install to begin the installation If you want to review or change any of your installation settings click Back Click Cancel to exit the wizard lt Back Install Cancel Clicking on Install button in next string will start installing the program After the installation is complete please restart your machine for any changes made to take effect STAAD foundation User s Manual 1 10 Section 1 System Requirements Installation and Start up 1 4 Running STAAD foundation Click on the STAAD foundation icon from the STAAD foundation program group as shown below cS NZ Set Program Access and Defaults RD wirdows Update Pr
62. your foundation structures With full OpenGL graphics engineers can clearly see the displaced shape stress distribution reinforcement layout and force diagrams of their supporting structure All models use physical objects including physical beams physical slabs automatic meshing load distributions and support generation STAAD foundation designs the physical slabs rather than individual elements For mat foundation designs STAAD foundation utilizes a true finite element design using the individual element stresses rather than using column strips STAAD foundation can be used in a stand alone mode or can be used in conjunction with STAAD Pro where the support reactions from the main model and associated load cases are automatically brought in Because STAAD foundation provides a total solution for your foundation needs a built in project management system enables line and span of control revision records and multi job functionalities This helps you reduce cost in assembling the technical and managerial information for your foundation Full step by step calculations are also provided in XML form where Section 1 System Requirements Installation and Start up 1 3 possible to verify each and every output provided by the program These verification checks can be easily shared with your clients for approval We hope you enjoy your experience with STAAD foundation If you have any questions or problems with the program pleas
63. 00000 _ 0 003260 _ 0 000000 0 296130 0 000000 0 002332 0 000000 0 000834 0 000000 0 296130 0 000000 0 002332 0 000000 0 000834 0 000000 0 472672 0 000000 0 004098 0 000000 0 003573 0 000000 _ 0 579236 0 000000 0 004439 0 000000 0 004835 ae ee ae oe ae on aa oe ef oe oe aS STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 132 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 6 5 4 Support Reaction s Design Progress Report Displacement 4 Disp Summary Reaction 4 Reaction Summary Click on the Reaction tab to review support reaction results This option is available only if the mat is supported on soil In case of mat supported by soil each plate node of the mat region will have one soil spring attached to it Reaction tab shows support reactions for current job for current load case only Please select your desired load case from Select Current Load icon in toolbar The table shows reactions for all six degree of freedom for all nodes Clicking on any row will highlight the corresponding node in graphics 0 4219324 0 8148363 0 7834994 0 7491724 0 713971 0 6823493 0 6589678 0 6475495 0 6508462 0 6707619 0 7084866 0 7645538 0 838753 o 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 o9 olol olol ol ol olol olol ololo oloo oo oloo ooo olo o 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 Telele ol
64. 15878093 Di 1028 541729 83 36006411 205 3125633 16 63993588 To review plates stresses please click on the Plate Stress and Plate Stress Summary pages Please note that the stress summary page displays a maximum value 68 636 kip ft ft Please note that all plate stress values are based on plate local axis system Section 3 Quick Tour 3 53 1 0 514779 0 948151 l j r 1 121768 1 1 0 514779 0 948151 T 0 000000 1 022040 1 121768 0 813953 1 a 0 514779 0 948151 0 000000 0 000000 0 000000 1 022040 1 121768 _ 0 813953 1 ji 0 514779 0 948151 0 000000 0 000000 0 000000 1 022040 1 121768 _ 0 813953 1 1 0 514779 0 948151 0 000000 0 000000 0 000000 1 022040 1 121768 _ 0 813953 3 4 0 514779 0 948151 0 000000 0 000000 0 000000 1 022040 _ 1 121768 0 813953 1182 ji 3 509669 41 619241 0 000000 0 000000 0 000000 68 636673 24 623075 0 748366 1237 1 2 589893 0 984670 0 000000 0 000000 0 000000 30 788416 0 870419 1 726139 107 id 4 902564 1 069600 0 000000 0 000000 0 000000 _ 5 682480 33 505085 0 631877 774 4 0 748960 4 190650 0 000000 0 000000 0 000000 0 676226 26 271280 2 859145 211 4 6616501 5 318206 0 000000 0 000000 0 000000 7 500260 4694698 13 465384 2 E 15 832063 5 545430 0 000000 0 000000 0 000000 4 200468 1 543481 15 353448 Displacement Di
65. 227 4 228 4 229 4 235 4 240 4 243 4 245 4 247 4 249 4 253 4 255 al ANA aAaannna nnn root ot NNR Rr ODDNWN We ON 5 24 5 25 5 26 5 29 5 32 5 34 5 38 5 42 5 44 5 47 System Requirements Installation and Start up Section 1 This section includes discussion on the following topics Introduction Hardware Requirements Installation Running STAAD foundation STAAD foundation User s Manual 1 2 Section 1 System Requirements Installation and Start up 1 1 Introduction Thank you for your purchase of STAAD foundation STAAD foundation is an exhaustive analysis design and drafting solution for a variety of foundations that include general foundation types such as isolated combined footings mat foundations pile caps and slab on grade and plant foundation such as vertical vessel foundation and heat exchanger foundation A part of the STAAD Pro family of products STAAD foundation is a cost saving downstream application that enables engineers to analyze and design a foundation STAAD foundation can automatically absorb the geometry loads and reactions from a STAAD Pro model and accurately design isolated pile cap strip footing true mat foundations and even perform pile arrangements for a pile cap STAAD foundation not only analyzes and designs a myriad of foundation configurations but will also produce production quality reports and detailed 3D rendering of
66. 4 98 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 6 3 3 Pile Layout Pile layout group has following elements 1 Pile Position Table 2 Rectangular Pile Arrangement Wizard Parametric 3 Circular Pile Arrangement Wizard Parametric Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 99 4 6 3 3 1 Pile Position Table This is a grid where we can add piles by specifying their x y z coordinates You can add as many piles as needed Whenever a new pile is created program will automatically create default spring values for that pile Newly created pile will be displayed in graphics view STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 100 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 6 3 3 2 Rectangular Pile Arrangement Wizard Parametric This is a parametric wizard like input to create rectangular pile layout Generated pile coordinates will be in local coordinate system where first pile is at 0 0 0 position You need to move pile group to the right location by inputting Origin X Origin Y and Origin Z The following commands and options are available to generate pile layout Unit Length Unit for row and column spacing Number of Rows Specify number of rows in layout grid Number of Columns Specify number of columns in layout grid Row Spacing Spacing between rows Column Spacing Spacing between columns
67. 8 Section 3 Quick Tour Now click the button labeled Design Selected Line A dialog box labeled Design Report Along a Selected Line will be displayed E Design report along a cut line x Select Graph Type Moment Envelope Reqd Reinforcement Area Moment Envelope Wood and Armer C Design for Ultimate load type only 10 536 17 46 12 1 ss 30 94 12 14 0 193 3 141 0 00 1 0 00 0 14 1 0 00 0 00 1 0 00 0 01 Ji 0 00 0 32 1 0 00 0 00 1 0 00 1 00 12 10 Top 0 73 i 0 00 i i Bottom 0 00 4 0 00 0 50 12 10 Top 1 13 1 0 00 Bottom 0 00 f 0 00 0 00 12 10 Top 1 53 4 0 00 wy Click on the Design button to calculate the required reinforcement area for each element along the cut line Section 3 Quick Tour 3 69 Design report along a cut line Select Graph Type O Moment Envelope Reqd Reinforcement Area Set Design Parameters Moment Envelope Wood and Armer C Design for Ultimate load type only 0 234 0 234 is 12 09 Top 0 00 1 0 23 Bottom 0 14 1 0 23 603 2 00 12 09 Top 0 00 1 0 23 g Bottom 0 01 1 0 23 603 1 50 12 10 Top 0 32 1 0 23 i a Bottom 0 00 1 0 23 604 1 00 12 10 Top 0 73 1 0 23 Bottom 0 00 1 0 23 605 0 50 12 10 Top 1 13 1 0 23 Bottom 0 00 1 0 23 605 0 00 12 10 Top 1 53 1 0 23 3 Print Close Select the Close button to dismiss the Design Report Along a Selected Li
68. 8 Bottom 0 00 1 0 00 A 561 6 05 130 54 Top 1 43 1 0 00 10 Bottom 0 00 1 0 00 562 0 06 130 54 Top 1 54 1 0 00 Click on the Design button to calculate the required reinforcement area for each element along the cut line STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 160 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment E Design report along Select Graph Type O Moment Envelope Regd Reinforcement Area Moment Envelope Wood and Armer C Design for Ultimate load type only 0 259 0 259 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 161 4 6 6 5 Calculation sheet Click on calculation sheet to review design steps analysis results and load values Max Wood and Spacing Spacing Armer in Moment 1 000 DESIGN OUTPUT O ME Top of Mat Longitudinal Direction Governing Moment Mcoy 11 268 kip in For F lt 4 0 B 0 85 Pmin 0 0018 87000 Pmax 0 75 x0 85 x BxFe x 0 021 fy 87000 F Effective Depth deff 10 813 in Steel Percentage P_ Preqd 2xR xm 1 0 0018 max 1 J1 lt a x Pmin fy oef m Where 17 647 2 Moov n5 0 9 x deff x width 0 107 kip in2 STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 162 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 7
69. A Primary load case will be used for both serviceability and factored design For primary load cases both the serviceability and design factors will automatically be set to 1 A Service load case will be used only for serviceability checks to calculate footing dimensions An Ultimate load type will be used for shear checks and reinforcement design Copy Load option allows user to copy all load items from a previously defined load case By default source load case is set as None Add Self Weight option is used to add self weight of Mat foundation for analysis Please note this option is relevant for Mat foundation design For all other footing types like Isolated Combined the program automatically calculates and adds self weight as appropriate After all relevant input is given click on Add Load button to add that load L Add Load Assign To View m Assign Load Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 33 4 4 3 2 Add a Column Reaction Load Clicking on the Add a Column Reaction Load leaf will open a form in the data area pane which will allow you to create a nodal load acting on support Select the moment unit from the combo box To create a Reaction Load first select the Force and Moment Units to use for the load Then input the magnitude of the forces Fx Fy Fz and moments Mx My Mz Finally click on Add Load to include the load Please note load direction follows right
70. AAD foundation Difference Result in Percent Max Bending 603 201 KN m m 613 5 KN m m 1 68 Moment Max Bending 219 687 KN m m 223 KN m m 1 48 Moment Area of Steal 2014 835 mm m 2067 97 mm m 2 56 Required Bass 227 KN m 226 67 KN m Negligible Pressure Table 6 5 STAAD foundation User s Manual 6 26 Section 5 Indian Verification Problems Load Combination Generation Clicking on Generate Load Combination leaf under Loads and Factors group will bring a load combination dialog allowing you to generate the load combination automatically Loads amp Factors gt Create New Load Case gt Add a Column Reaction Load gt Add a Point Load for Mat only gt Add a Line Load For Mat only gt Add a Quadrilateral Load For Mat only 5 Add a Circular Pressure Load For Mat only gt Add Member Load for Mat only gt Add Uniform Load gt Add Concentrated Load gt Add Trapezoidal Load 5 Safety Factor Table 5 Create New Load Combination Generate Load Combination gt Remove Load Case Two types of load combinations are used here They are Allowable Load Combination and Ultimate Load Combination Allowable Load Combination Allowable load combinations are load combinations used to check soil pressure and optimize footing plan dimensions Ultimate Load Combination Ultimate load combinations are load combinations used to check for shear and desig
71. AAD foundation Graphical Environment Meshing Setup Meshing setup Boundary Add selected region as O Hoe O Control region Boundary Select Boundary Generate Mesh Maximum element size 12 in v Generate Mesh C Optimize based on area Edit selected regi Delete selected r Boundary This option is to add region as the main mat boundary It is the outermost region of the mat foundation You can have as many boundaries as needed Boundaries can be connected or isolated Hole This option is to specify a hole within a mat boundary You can add as many holes as needed Please note holes must not intersect each other or the boundary or any control region Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 115 Control Region This option is to specify a special region within a mat boundary which might have a different slab thickness or soil property You can add as many control regions as needed Please note these regions must not intersect each other or the boundary or any hole Region identifier It is a unique identifier of the region to be added Any string can be used Add Region Click on this button to add the selected region in the main view to the current job Select Boundary This option will be active only when the region type will be selected as Hole or Control Region Select the boundary to which the hole or control region will be added Maximum element siz
72. AD foundation Graphical Environment The following pile support properties are available e Kx e Ky e Kz Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 123 Kx The Kx field allows you to specify a spring constant K value for the X Direction Ky The Ky field allows you to specify a spring constant K value for the Y Direction Kz The Kz field allows you to specify a spring constant K value for the Z Direction STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 124 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 6 5 Mat slab design options Mat slab design options gt Analyze Output View Options gt Moment envelope generation 5 Design Parameters 5 Reinforcement Zoning gt Cut slab by a line 5 Calculation sheet The Mat slab design options group allows you to perform an analysis on a mat foundation review output results and finally design mat foundation This group is only active for mat foundation job types The Mat slab design options group contains following elements e Analyze e Output View Options e Moment envelope generation e Design parameters e Reinforcement Zoning e Cut slab by a line e Calculation sheet Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 125 4 6 5 1 Analyze Analyze Clicking on the Analyze leaf allows you to analyze a mat foundation All data relevant to performing an analysis including slab boundary plate thickness and soil p
73. AX SMIN TRESCAT TRESCAB Tresca stress where TRESCA MAX I SMAX SMIN I SMAX I IGSMIN I Note 1 All element stress output is in the local coordinate system The direction and sense of the element stresses are explained in Section 2 6 2 To obtain element stresses at a specified point within the element the user must provide the coordinate system for the element Note that the origin of the local coordinate system coincides with the center node of the element 3 Principal stresses SMAX amp SMIN the maximum shear stress TMAX the orientation of the principal plane Section 2 Theoretical Basis 2 13 ANGLE the Von Mises stress VONT amp VONB and the Tresca stress TRESCAT amp TRESCAB are also printed for the top and bottom surfaces of the elements The top and the bottom surfaces are determined on the basis of the direction of the local Z axis STAAD foundation User s Manual 2 14 Section 2 Theoretical Basis 2 6 Sign Convention of Element Forces Bottom Surface Section 2 Theoretical Basis 2 15 local z Tension is on the local top Z surface Mis the Bending Moment on the local x face the local x face is the face perpendicular to the local x axis Myis the Bending Moment on the local y face the local y face is the face perpendicular to the local y axis local top ax Z surface f local y local x STRESS
74. CAUSED BY Mx STAAD foundation User s Manual 2 16 Section 2 Theoretical Basis dx local z local y local x local top dy A Z surface local top 2 surface local y local x M xy TORSION Section 2 Theoretical Basis 2 17 local top dx Z surface EN local y local x local top Z surface local x In plane shear stresses Sxy and Syx STAAD foundation User s Manual 2 18 Section 2 Theoretical Basis local top Z surface dy SQX SQY Out of plane shear stresses SQX and SQY Section 2 Theoretical Basis 2 19 2 7 STAAD foundation Program Theory STAAD foundation performs structural design of foundations in accordance with the ACI 318 05 Code The available foundation types are isolated spread footing pile cap strip footing mat foundation and octagonal footing 1 Isolated Spread Footing The program uses the following criteria a Soil bearing capacity b Shear and flexural strength of footing no shear reinforcing assumed c Compressive and flexural strength of pedestal Step 1 Determine footing plan geometry based on loading and bearing resistance of the soil Stress distribution under the footing is assumed to be linear For eccentrically loaded footings the stresses may become tensile under part of the foun
75. Case list Then click on Create Job button This will create the octagonal footing as you can see in the Geometry tab STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 180 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 181 4 8 2 Defining the Design Parameters Note that after you have created a octagonal footing job the left side main navigator tree view is populated with the Design Parameter for Octagonal Footing Job 4 Octagonal Footing Job Design Parameters gt Design Parameters gt Footing Geometry gt Design STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 182 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 8 2 1 Design Parameters Here you have to give all the necessary inputs related to concrete reinforcement bar and other design parameters details Design Parameters BVA AU BAT aTra Strength of concrete Fe Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 183 Strength of steel Fy Depth of Soil Soil depth above footing Soil Bearing Capacity Allowable bearing capacity of soil Unit Weight of Soil Unit weight of soil under consideration Unit weight of Concrete Unit weight of concrete with proper unit Footing Clear Cover Clear cover to be used for the footing Minimum Bar Dia Minimum diameter of bar to use for design Maximum
76. Check Include check box to include self weight to a load case At the bottom of the dialog box there is a control to check on off all load cases Click on OK to assign unassign self weight Add Self Weight STAAD foundation Add Selfweight Include Load Title 1 4DL 1 7LL 75 1 4DL 1 7LL 1 7WL Select All Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 209 4 10 The Toolbars fe 1 1 40L 1 71 STAAD foundation offers a set of dockable and floating toolbars for quick access to frequently used commands By default the toolbar icons appear at the top of the STAAD foundation screen immediately below the menu bar You may however drag each toolbar and place it at any position on the screen hence the term floating In addition if you drag a floating toolbar close to the edge of the screen the toolbar gets embedded at the side the screen hence the term dockable The title of a docked toolbar is not displayed However if you drag the toolbar and leave it floating on the screen a title is displayed at the top of the toolbar Each toolbar icon offers tooltip help If you are not sure what a toolbar icon does place your mouse cursor over the toolbar icon for a moment and a floating help message appears to identify what the toolbar icon does STAAD foundation offers several toolbars each of which contains several toolbar icons The following toolbars are available e Standard Toolbar
77. Click on the Create a new Job leaf under Job Setup group in main navigator pane The Create a New Job form will open in data area pane Enter job name as Strip1 Choose Job type as Combined and design code as US Transfer both load cases to Selected load cases by clicking button Now click on Create Job button to create a new combined footing job Design Code Default Unit Type Combined Listed Supports Please note that there are some new controls in the job creation page which will be used to setup and assign strip footing STAAD foundation User s Manual 3 86 Section 3 Quick Tour Loading Available Load Cases i i 3 3 2 Selected Load Cases 1 Load A Create Job Strip Footing A Create from Selected Node Dates a Now with mouse select node 2 and 3 in view pane Nodes will be shown as selected as shown below Section 3 Quick Tour 3 87 Click on the Create from Selected Node button A tree view showing the support assignment will appear Strip Footing Strip footing setup Footing C1 Support 2 Support 3 A Create from Selected Node Note the view pane also shows the combined footing STAAD foundation User s Manual 3 88 Section 3 Quick Tour 3 22 Strip Footing design parameters Now we need to input suitable design parameters The input for
78. Concrete amp Rebar amp Cover amp Soil are as same as isolated footing We will use default values for those two sections of design parameters as shown below Concrete and Rebar But the footing geometry page for combined footing is unique Click on the Footing Geometry leaf under Design Parameters group in main navigator pane Section 3 Quick Tour 3 89 This will bring up geometry page where user has option to limit footing size along length and width User has option to check or calculate footing dimensions For this example we will use default values as shown below Footing Geometry Calculate Dimension a aa an 48 i Minimum Thickness 12 n 400 jn S 36 ln A K STAAD foundation User s Manual 3 90 Section 3 Quick Tour Now click on Design leaf under Design Parameters group in main navigator pane to design the combined footing Combined Footing Job Design Parameters 5 Concrete amp Rebar E Cover amp Soil Footing Geometry Design progress will be shown in Output pane Processing Load Case i RE DE E DE PD DE E DE at E DE DE DE E DE DE DE DE a E td Pt at Processing Load Case 2 AE AE DE DE DE DE DE DE DE DE DE DE DE DE DE DE DE DE DE DE DE DE DE DE E DE DE Processing Load Case 1 for Coner Pressure Processing Load Case 2 for Coner Pressure AA AA PE E DE DE DE
79. Environment 5 3 7 Design Parameter Page Design parameter is grouped under three categories They are Concrete and Rebar Cover and Soil and Sliding and Overturning Density Unit Ib ft3 v Length Unit in iv Stress Unit ksi Concrete and Rebar Cover and Soil Concrete Unit Weight 150 Pedestal Clear Cover 2 Fe l4 Footing Bottom Cover 2 Fy 60 Soil Unit Weight 125 Max Bar Spacing 18 Soil Bearing Capacity 4 Min Bar Spacing Soil Depth 0 Max Bar Size 3 Load Surcharge 0 Min Bar Size 10 Area in Contact Percent 0 Yy Sliding and Overturning Coefficient of Friction 0 5 Factor of Safety Sliding 1 5 Factor of Safety Overturning 1 5 Unit First give the units for three types of dimensions density length and stress Concrete and Rebar Concrete Unit Weight Unit weight of concrete Ec Strength of concrete Fy Strength of steel Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 5 45 Minimum Bar Spacing Minimum spacing of bar to use for design Maximum Bar Spacing Maximum spacing of bar to use for design Minimum Bar Size Minimum diameter of bar to use for design Maximum Bar Size Maximum diameter of bar to use for design Cover and Soil Pedestal Clear Cover Clear cover for pedestal Footing Bottom Cover Bottom clear cover for the footing Soil Unit Weight Unit weight of soil Soil Bearing Capacity Allowable Bearing Capacity of
80. Latitude Longitude ortance Factor D 1 00 v Enter Value Manually Choose Enter Value Manually to enter the value of S and Ss with your own choice Site Class Value of Fa amp Fv depends on choice of Site Class But you can use your own value for them on choosing Site Class as F Response Modification Factor R The default value for this field is 2 or 3 But the input control for this value is not a read only combo box so you can enter your own desired value Occupancy Importance Factor 1 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 5 4 The default value for this field is 1 1 25 and 1 5 But the input control for this value is not a read only combo box so you can enter your own desired value Fundamental Period T Fundamental period in both the direction longitudinal and transverse have to be provided with the Period for Long Transition defined in section 11 4 5 5 3 6 STAAD foundation User s Manual 5 42 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment Load Combination Page Two types of load combinations are used here They are Allowable Load Combination and Ultimate Load Combination You can create any number of load combination and can save it using an INI file This file exits in the program installation directory as ACILOAD INI This saved load combination will be application specific i e they are independent of file s
81. OK to use it Else you can give your own value except those values Velocity Pressure Exposure Coefficient Kz This is described in section 6 5 6 4 amp Table 6 5 Choose the required combination of combo boxes for them Topographic Factor Kzt This is defined in section 6 5 7 2 amp determined from figure 6 2 Importance Factor 1 Importance is defined in section 6 5 5 amp determined from figure 6 1 You can choose the value from a table like Kd or input your own value Y 85 100 mph gt 100 mph E 1 15 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 5 37 Gust Effect Factor G This is the Gust Effect Factor and it is user defined Net Force Coefficient Cf Value of Cf according to the table T6 10 STAAD foundation User s Manual 5 38 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 5 3 5 Seismic Load Generation Page Inputs for seismic load can be given in two ways same as for wind load You can directly input the shear force amp moment values with choosing the proper unit or you can use the software to calculate those values using ASCE 7 2005 Check the Directly Input Seismic Load check box to use your own calculated value for shear force and moment Directly Input Seismic Load penne SRE OS Sesimic Ground Motion Values Shear Fx 0 Shear Fz 0 Unit kip v Moment Mx 0 Moment Mz 0 Unt L kip in atj Fundam
82. STAAD foundation USER S MANUAL Research WM Engineers WS nternational a Bentley Solutions center www Bentley com STAAD foundation is a proprietary computer program of Research Engineers International REI a Bentley Solutions center The program and this document have been prepared in accord with established industry engineering principles and guidelines While believed to be accurate the information contained herein should never be utilized for any specific engineering application without professional observance and authentication for accuracy suitability and applicability by a competent and licensed engineer architect or other professional Bentley Systems disclaims any liability arising from the unauthorized and or improper use of any information contained in this document or as a result of the usage of the program RELEASE 4 0 Copyright Research Engineers International A Bentley Solutions Center Published January 2009 About STAAD foundation STAAD foundation is a program from Research Engineers International for the analysis and design of various types of foundations such as individual footings mats pile caps combined footing strip footing octagonal footing Plant foundations such as vertical vessel foundation and heat exchanger foundation have been introduced to serve specific needs of plant industry Table of Contents STAAD foundation User s Manual Section1 System Requirements Installat
83. Screen Organization The Navigator Control Global Data 4 4 1 The Project Info Page 4 4 1 1 4 4 1 2 General Info Review History 4 4 2 The Foundation Plan Page 4 4 2 1 4 4 2 2 4 4 2 3 Grid Setup Column Positions Column Dimensions 4 4 3 The Loads and Factors Page 4 4 3 1 4 4 3 2 4 4 3 3 4 4 3 4 4 4 3 5 4 4 3 6 4 4 3 7 4 4 3 8 4 4 3 9 Create New Load Case Add a Column Reaction Load Add a Point Load for Mat only Add a Quadrilateral Load for Mat only Add a Circular Pressure Load for Mat only Add a Line Load for Mat only Add a Uniform Load member load Add a Concentrated Load member load Add a Trapezoidal Load member load 4 4 3 10 Load Assignment Methods 4 4 3 11 Load Combination 4 4 3 12 Remove Load Case 4 4 3 13 Safety Factor Job Setup 4 5 1 Create a New Job 4 5 2 Edit Current Job 4 6 Local Data 4 6 1 Isolated Footing 4 6 1 1 4 6 1 2 4 6 1 3 4 6 1 3 4 6 2 Pile Cap 4 6 2 1 4 6 2 2 4 6 2 3 4 6 2 4 Concrete and Rebar Cover and Soil Footing Geometry Design Pile Layout Predefined Pile Layout Parametric Design Parameters Design 4 6 2 4 1 Layout Drawing 4 6 2 4 2 Detail Drawing 4 6 3 Mat Foundation 4 6 3 1 4 6 3 2 Default analysis properties Physical Beam Table 4 7 4 8 4 9 4 6 3 3 Pile Layout 4 6 3 3 1 Pile Position Table 4 6 3 3 2 Recangular Pile Arrangement Wizard Parametric 4 6 3 3 3 Circular Pile Arrangement Wizard Parametric 4 6 3 4 Mesh g
84. Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 6 5 10 Output View Options Mat slab design options ey Analyze 9 Moment envelope generation F Design Parameters E Reinforcement Zoning 557 Cut slab by a line amp Calculation sheet Click on Output View Options to display different sets of output like displacement diagrams soil pressure contour plate stress contour etc This option will open a form in data area pane where user will be able to select different options Output View Options Displacement Diagram Setup Show Nodal Displacement Use Average Normal Show Beam Displacement Drawing Options Draw Line Diagram Draw 3D diagram Stress Contour Show Plate Stress orem Baam SUs O Show Soil Pressure Plate Stress Settings Select Stress Type None Beam Stress Settings Select Stress Type Show Legend C Plot Contour on Deflected Shape Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 139 The following options are available to setup output view options Show Nodal Displacement Selecting this option will show displacement diagram for current load case in graphic area The color picker control next to this check box allows user to select a suitable color to be used to draw the displacement diagram Use Average Normal This option is used to draw 3D displacement diagram where lighting will be applied to the average normal direction Show Beam Displacement Select
85. Show Load Arrows C Show Load Values Beams Show Physical Beams Draw Line Diagram Draw 3D diagram Plates Show Plates Draw 2D Plates Draw 3D Plates C Show Plate Numbers Meshed Nodes Show Nodes C Show Node Numbers Show Boundary and Holes Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 131 4 6 5 3 Disp Displacement summary Click on the Disp Summary tab to view node displacement summary table among all load cases Design Progress Report Disp Summary Cor It displays 12 rows where each row shows either maximum or minimum value for a particular degree of freedom It also displays corresponding displacement values for other degrees of freedom on that row The table first lists three translational degrees of freedom and then three rotational degrees of freedom First row of each degree of freedom starts with maximum value Please note here minimum and maximum are algebraic signed values 0 000000 0 296130 0 000000 0 002332 0 000000 0 000834 0 000000 0 296130 0 000000 0 002332 0 000000 0 000834 693 0 000000 0 049418 0 000000 0 000150 0 000000 0 000102 1320 0 000000 0 792754 0 000000 0 005146 0 000000 0 003932 1 0 000000 0 296130 0 000000 0 002332 0 000000 0 000834 0 000000 0 296130 0 000000 0 002332 0 000000 0 000834 1144 0 000000 0 523888 0 000000 0 006002 0 000000 _ 0 003256 220 a 0 000000 0 519242 0 000000 0 005586 0 0
86. TAAD foundation does not actually create a true circular boundary for a Circular Load Instead STAAD foundation simulates a circle through the use of pie shaped wedges as shown in the figure below To create a Circular Load first select the Dimension and Pressure Units to use for the load Then input the magnitude of the load in the Pressure field Next input the X and Z coordinates of the center of the circle in the Center X and Center Z fields Now input the length of the radius of the circle in the Radius field Then input the elevation at which the load is applied in the Y Pos field Next input the number of pie shaped wedges to use in simulating the circular boundary in the No of Divisions Field Finally click on Add Load button to accept the load Note The Y Position must correspond to the elevation of the foundation supports STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 40 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 4 3 6 Add a Line Load for Mat only Clicking on the Add a Line Load leaf opens a form in data pane area that allows you to create a Line Load Line Loads are distributed linear load and only applicable to mat foundations Value of the uniformly distributed line load Enter a ve value if the load is vertically downward x1 21 x2 22 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 41 To create a Line Load first select the Dimension and Force Units to use for the
87. UI Navigator Controls Menu Commands Toolbars STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 2 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 1 Introduction This section provides an overview of STAAD foundation s graphical user interface GUI STAAD foundation combines the menu driven functionality of the Windows environment with the user friendly split window functionality available in programs like Microsoft Outlook In STAAD foundation you start out by creating a Project to hold physical information such as column locations column dimensions piles beams and loads The physical information represents the structure that a foundation is intended to support Unless the design of the structure is modified these physical conditions generally remain constant throughout the life of a foundation design project Your project also contains Jobs which are sets of constraints needed to tell STAAD foundation how to perform a foundation design Each project may contain multiple jobs making it easy for you to evaluate different design scenarios for a given set of physical conditions Once a project is created it can be saved and re opened later using the File Save and File Open menu commands Project files are saved with an afs extension Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 3 4 2 STAAD foundation Screen Organization STAAD foundation s GUI uses a split window interface The split window interfac
88. When you see the messages have stopped scrolling look for a final message Analysis is completed which indicates that the analysis has been successfully performed By default the deformed plates showing the node displacements appear in the graphics display window Section 3 Quick Tour 3 47 If the slab s deformed shape is not apparent in your graphics display you may need to change the scaling values Click on the toolbar for changing scale which will bring up Scale Setup page in data area pane x 3 48 Section 3 Quick Tour STAAD foundation User s Manual Scale setup Result Scales Displacement Loading Scales Point Load Point Moment Distributed Load Pressure Load Modeling Scales Footing Width Pile Length Under the Result Scales category decrease the Displacement value to increase the amount of deflection shown Why do you decrease it to increase the deflection The Displacement value in the dialog box is the actual displacement of the structure per unit distance on the graphic diagram Therefore if you reduce the amount of actual 0 01 Lb 100 100 100 100 100 100 structural deflection required to display a unit distance of deflection on the diagram you will see a larger apparent displacement on the diagram After a successful analysis the program will add several tables in the
89. a ad a a5 Please click on the Support Reactions tab to view soil pressure for the current load case To know maximum reaction among all load cases please click on Reaction Summary tab 3 49 STAAD foundation User s Manual 3 50 Section 3 Quick Tour 1192 1 1 496520042419 1 239615082741 0 256951004 0 0 003219750 0 1230 1 1 91767001152 3 298341035843 0 284902006 0 0 000755416 0 1275 1 0 3 902505636215 0 0 0 0 471 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 154 1 0 1348859965801 2 467761039734 0 2048510015 0 0 001639820 0 1230 2 1 218780040741 2 879165887833 5 640240192 0 0 856886982 0 1 1 0 0 421932607889 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 4219326078890 0 0 0 1192 2 1 244420051575 1 088517308235 2 414170026 0 4 461840152 0 136 1 1 06895005703 1 036438703537 0 1835380047 0 0 002299838400 1 1 0 0 4219326078890 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 421932607889 0 0 0 0 i4 4 gt pi _ Design Progress Report A Displacement A Disp Summary A Reaction Reaction Summary To view soil pressure contour please click on the Output View Options leaf under Mat slab design options group in main navigator pane Mat slab design options BS Analyze HE Output View Options 3 Moment envelope generation E Design Parameters E Reinforcement Zoning 257 Cut slab by a line A form called Output View Options will appear in data inpu
90. a Primary Load Case from the Load Combinations select the load case in the grid on the bottom and click the button To remove a all Primary Load Cases click on the button Click Add Load Combination button to create the load combination Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 49 5 0 Load Case 1 Load Case 1 S E Column Reaction Loading Reaction Fx 5 00 Fy 5 00 5 0 Load Case 2 Live Load B E Column Reaction Loading Reaction Fz 10 00 ES Load Comb 101 Load Case 1 Live Load Load Case 1X 1 00 Live Load X 1 00 Load Case No 101 Load Combination Title Load Case 1 Live Combination Type Allowable Strer v Available Primary Load Cases Factor E E 3 3 amp 2 Load Combination Definition Load Case Factor Load Case 1 1 00 Live Load 1 00 Edt Load Combination STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 50 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 4 3 12 Remove Load Case 5 Loads amp Factors 5 Create New Load Case e5 Add a Column Reaction Load 6 Add a Point Load for Mat only eS Add a Line Load for Mat only 5 Add a Quadrilateral Load for Mat only 657 Add a Circular Pressure Load for Mat only B Add Member Load 8 Add Uniform Load ey Add Concentrated Load 5 Add Trapezoidal Load iy Safety Factor Table E Create New Load Combination 5 Remove Load Case To remove an entire Load Case or
91. a specific load item select that load item or load case in load description window and click on Remove Load Case leaf under Loads and Factors group A message box will appear to confirm delete operation click on Yes to delete the selected load item or load case Click on No to cancel the process StaadF oundation 2 Are you sure you want to delete selected load item Ce Ce Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 51 4 4 3 13 Safety Factors 5 Loads amp Factors 5 Create New Load Case 6 Add a Column Reaction Load Add a Point Load for Mat only 8 Add a Line Load for Mat only 8 Add a Quadrilateral Load for Mat only 55 Add a Circular Pressure Load for Mat only B Add Member Load Add Uniform Load Add Concentrated Load 8 Add Trapezoidal Load Lay Safety Factor Table 5 Create New Load Combination E Remove Load Case The Safety Factors button opens a spreadsheet table in the Data Area pane that allows you to assign serviceability and design factors for each load case in a project Safety Factor By default STAAD foundation will assign values for the safety factors depending on the load type Refer to Section 4 4 3 1 of this manual for a detailed explanation of the default values The default values can be changed by inputting new values into the table like any spreadsheet The tab key or arrow keys may be used to move from one cell to the next in the table The ser
92. action Fy 40 00 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 47 4 4 3 11 Load Combination Clicking on Create New load Combination leaf under Loads and Factors group will bring a form at the bottom of the load description pane allowing you to create factored algebraic load combinations Load Case No 101 Load Combination Title Zase 1 Live Load Combination Type Available Primary Load Cases 1 Load Case 1 2 Live Load Load Combination Definition Load Case Factor Add Load Combination The load case number is automatically incremented with each new load combination Enter a description for the new combined load such as Dead Load Live Load The Load Combinations form will lists all defined Primary Load Cases for the foundation in the list box on the top The Factor box on the right indicates the factor with which the selected Primary Load Cases are to be multiplied STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 48 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment To include a Primary Load Case first select the load case from the list Enter the multiplication factor in the Factor field Click the button to include the Primary Load Case in the Load Combinations specification Continue for all primary load cases to 4 be combined Use the button to include all Primary Load Cases which will be multiplied by the specified factor To remove
93. ad case a descriptive name to help identify between load cases Leave the Load Type set as Primary Note Three load types are available Primary Service and Ultimate Primary loads can be further used to create combination loads Service loads are not factored and are used for soil bearing pressure checks Ultimate loads are factored and are used for shear and reinforcement design Add Load Assign To View Assign Load Load Title Load Case 1 Load Type Primar Copy Load Load Case No None Self Weight Add Self Weigh lo While creating a new load case load items from an existing load case can be copied As we don t have any defined load case yet we leave that field as None and finally choose No for add self weight field Section 3 Quick Tour 3 13 Now click on the Add Load button to have the load case created 5 0 Load Description Tree Load Case 1 Load Case 1 Add Load Assign To View gt Assign Load The load case we just created will now appear in the list box in the Data Area pane We will now specify the loads imposed on our foundation by the columns To do this click on the Add a column Reaction Load leaf under Loads and Factors group o Loads amp Factors 5 Create New Load Case i gcd a Column Reaction Load i Add a Point Load for Mat only 5 Add a Line Load for Mat only amp Add a Quadrilateral Load for Mat only Gy Add a Circular Pressure
94. ad combination from the list But to delete any combination from the INI file you need to click on Update Table after clicking on Delete Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 5 2 5 2 7 Design Parameter Page Design parameter is grouped under three categories They are Material Density Bearing and Stability and Concrete Design Parameters Material Density Water Density 62 4 Ib ft3 s Concrete Density 0 IbjFt3 v iv Consider Buoyancy Soil Density 0 IbjFt3 Bearing and Stability Allowable Bearing Pressure 0 kipjFt2 v Minimun Stability Ratio 1 5 Concrete Design Parameters Bar Type Imperial v Cover 0 in Fe o Iksi x Fy 0 ksi Minimum Bar Dia 3 v Maximum Bar Dia l3 z E E Water Density Density of water with unit to use for Buoyancy Check To check for buoyancy you need to check on the check box Consider Buoyancy Concrete Density Density of concrete with proper unit Soil Density Density of soil with proper unit Allowable Bearing Pressure Value of allowable bearing pressure used for design STAAD foundation User s Manual 5 22 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment Minimum Stability ratio Value of minimum stability ratio used for design Bar Type Types of bar used for the design e g Imperial or Metric Cover Value of clear cover with proper unit Fe Strength of concrete Fy Strength of steel M
95. ade of M 20 in the footing 200 gt K 4500 _ _ _ 1460 1 1 ie 2880 5 1 a i i i i 4 footing f plan i 1 1 i k L 2 3080 k L 2 3080 i STAAD foundation User s Manual 6 22 Section 5 Indian Verification Problems Pus 1350 kN i Puz 2400 kN b loading ii LAAT oe wm Solution Dimension of Mat Based on the bearing Capacity given Length 6 16 m Width 2 m Depth 0 95 m Calculation for base pressure Self weight of mat 6 16 x 2 x 0 95 x 25 KN 292 6 KN Total load on the mat 1600 900 200 2 KN 2792 6 KN 2792 6 6 16x2 226 67 KN m lt 240 KN m Hence Safe KN m Base pressure Ultimate load for C Py 1 5 x 900 1350 KN Ultimate load for Cy Py2 1 5 x 1600 2400 KN Then uniformly distributed upward load Py t Pu2 6 16 KN m 608 8 KN m Section 5 Indian Verification Problems 6 23 Calculation for maximum bending moment Positive bending moment The maximum positive bending moment is at the face of the support C2 M 608 8 x 1 46 0 25 7 2 446 KN m Negative bending moment The maximum negative bending moment occurs at the location of zero shear So we first find the location of zero shear Location of zero shear from the left side x 1350 608 8 2 2175 m Therefore M 608 8 x 2 2175 7 2 1350 x 2 2175 0 2 1227 KN m Calculation
96. agrammatic view of the corresponding dimensions Unit Unit of length for all the input in this page only Overburden and Buoyancy Depth of Water Table Dw Depth of the water tables measured from the ground level Soil Depth Ts Depth of soil above the foundation measured from the top face of the footing base Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 5 7 Footing Geometry Diameter Df Enter the minimum diameter which will be used in starting the design and will be checked up to the maximum value until the design reaches the safety limit Height Tf Enter the minimum height which will be used in starting the design and will be checked up to the maximum value until the design reaches the safety limit Pedestal Geometry Diameter Dp Diameter of the pedestal Thickness Tp Thickness of the pedestal Vessel Geometry Effective Diameter Dve The effective diameter is the diameter that will be used to calculate the wind pressure on the vessel Effective Height Hve The effective height is the effective height of the vessel that will be used to calculate the wind pressure and the seismic effect on the vessel STAAD foundation User s Manual 5 8 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 5 2 2 Primary Load Page Here you have to input the primary loads other than wind load and seismic load Unit Vertical kip v Base Shear kip lv Base Moment kip Ft i
97. ain Navigator pane Section 3 Quick Tour 3 37 amp Column Dimension The following form will open in data area pane Choose Show Grid as No to switch off the grid Spacing X Spacing Z Lines left to origin Lines right to origin Lines top of origin Lines bottom of origin Grid Direction Now it would be a good idea to save your model since you have done a substantial amount of work to get to this point Pull down the File menu and select the Save command STAAD foundation User s Manual 3 38 Section 3 Quick Tour 3 11 Creating a Mesh Now we are ready to add the boundary and create the mesh Click on the Meshing Setup leaf under Mesh generation group Mesh generation 5 Add meshing regions Gy Using polyline 6 Add a rectangular region gt Add a circular region Gy Regular polygon The Meshing Setup page will be displayed in the Data Area pane Section 3 Quick Tour 3 39 Data Input Pane Meshing Setup Meshing setup Add selected region as Boundary O Hoe Control region Region Identifier Add region Select Boundary Generate Mesh Maximum element size 12 C Optimize based on area Generate Mesh A Edit selected regi A Delete selected r in v Click in the Graphics Window with the cursor on a line of the boundary The boundary changes color STAAD foundation User s Manual 3 40 Section 3
98. al 4 10 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 4 1 The Project Info Group 3 Project Info 5 General Information 57 Review History GF Modeling View Options gt Scale setup options The Project Info group allows you to input general info about a project as well as create a revision history for a project The Project Info group is active by default when you open a new or existing project Using this group you can scale objects for better visibility or can switch on off objects as needed Use of the Project Info group is optional It is provided for your convenience You can store relevant general information regarding a project and also create a revision history Later on you can instruct STAAD foundation to display this information in reports and drawings The Project Info group contains the following elements e General Information e Review History e Modeling View Options e Scale Setup Options Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 11 4 4 1 1 General Info Project Info General Information G Review History y Modeling View Options Sy Scale setup options The General Information leaf opens a form in the Data Area pane that allows you to store general information regarding a project The information you input in the General Information form can later be used in reports and drawings General Information Project ID Project Title Site Location Org
99. ang Length of the left overhang from the central line of the left pier Choose Yes from the combo box right next to it if you wish to make it fix else No if you wish to allow it to increase by the design engine Width Minimum width of the footing Choose Yes from the combo box right next to it if you wish to make it fix else No if you wish to allow it to increase by the design engine Width Max The maximum width allowed up to which it will be incremented by the design engine Thickness Minimum thickness of the footing Thickness Max The maximum thickness allowed up to which it will be incremented by the design engine The rate increment will have to be given on the right Increment input field Length Max Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 5 31 The maximum total length allowed up to which it will be incremented by the design engine The rate increment will have to be given on the right Increment input field STAAD foundation User s Manual 5 32 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 5 3 3 Primary Load Page Here you have to input the primary loads other than wind load and seismic load Axial load Moment Force Unit kip MI Moment Unit kip in v Empty Load 0 mpty Loa Empty Moment 0 OperatingLoad 0 Operating Moment 0 Miscellaneous AxialLoad 0 Longitudinal Miscellaneous Moment 0 ThermalLoad 0 i 0 Bundle Pull Force
100. anization Contact Person Designer Supervisor Start Date Aug 16 2007 Target Date Aug 16 2007 STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 12 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment The General Information form contains the following three groups of information e General Information e Client e Engineer s Description General Information The fields contained in this group box allow you to input an ID Title and Site Location for a project Client The fields contained in this group box allow you to input information pertaining to the client of a project such as Organization Contact Person Phone Fax E mail and Address Engineer s Description The fields contained in this group box allow you to input information pertaining to the engineer of a project such as Designer Supervisor Start Date and Target Date Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 13 4 4 1 2 Review History Project Info 5 General Information i Review History 2 Scale setup options Clicking on Review History leaf opens a review history form in Data Area pane that allows you to keep track of the progress of a project Ge Comments Ooms Goan STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 14 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment The Review History form allows you to input a Date Job Name
101. aphical Environment STAAD foundation File saving Save in Examples Ee wi EP i Verification E ex08 afs Ed ex08_slabDesign0 afs Ea ex08iso afs File name ex08pile_iso afs Save astype STAAD foundation Files afs v Print The Print menu command opens a standard Windows print dialog box and allows you to print the active project report Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 193 Prnt lx m Printer Name HP Lasewet 5Si 55i MX PS Properties Status Ready Type HP LaserJet 5Si 5Si MX PS Where IP_64 95 194 41 Comment J Print to file r Print range Copies All Number of copies 1 C Pages from 1 to F Colet Collate Selection ngk qll j Cancel Print Preview The Print Preview menu command opens a new window allowing you to view what the active report will look like when printed out STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 194 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment undation ex08pile_iso afs Newt Pace Prey ae TwoPage Zoom In Zoom Gut Close The following command buttons are available in the Print Preview window e Print e Next Page e Prev Page e Two Page e Zoom In e Zoom Out e Close Print The Print button opens a standard Windows print dialog box and allows you to print the active project report Section 4 STAAD foundat
102. ar listing all the available load cases in the STAAD Pro file You may select any or all of the load cases by toggling on the corresponding check box and then clicking on the Import button As STAAD Pro does not have the definition for serviceability and ultimate load type the user should assign the right load type attribute to each load case here By default program defines all load cases as primary load types You can import either support coordinates or a slab already analyzed in STAAD Pro to design in STAAD foundation To import support coordinates simply click on import button and it will import all support positions along with support reactions for all selected load cases To import an analyzed slab select Import Plates option and then enter Y level of the slab position Program can only import a slab defined in XZ plane Now select design code to be used to design the slab Click on Import button and that will import the slab along with plate stresses and node displacements for selected load cases The program will automatically create a mat foundation job STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 222 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment mport STAAD Pro file Eg r STAAD foundation Import utility Include Load Title Load iM 1 4DL 1 7LL Primary 2 M 75 1 4DL 1 7LL 1 7WL Primary M Select All Import Type Import Supported Nodes men O Import Plates y Level 0 Design Code Default Un
103. as shown below Section 3 Quick Tour 3 81 Check for Two Way Shear Design Shear for Two Way Action S 68 033 kip C Beta gt 1 000 Cw B 2 CL Cw 2d 92 000 Equation 11 33 Voq Bod 2 4s Fo 384 027 kip beta Equation 11 34 V3 Baf 2 a J 434 117 kip 0 Equation 11 35 Voz 4Bod dF 256 018 kip Ve minimum of Ver Vez Vea 256 018 kip Click on the Layout Drawing tab to view layout drawing STAAD foundation User s Manual 3 82 Section 3 Quick Tour The layout of the pile cap job will show the different supports along with the pile arrangements and number of piles pertaining to them Click on the Detailed Drawing sub page button Detail Drawing Section 3 Quick Tour 3 83 The following screen appears showing the plan of the pile cap the details of the reinforcement bar for the pile cap and the front view of the pile cap along with the column for the support selected PileGap Plan PileCap Reinforcement Section STAAD foundation User s Manual 3 84 Section 3 Quick Tour 3 20 Exporting Drawings to CAD Clicking on the Save drawing As button gives the option to save the drawing in many formats including DXF and DWG Save Drawing As 3 21 Section 3 Quick Tour 3 85 Creating Strip Footing Job Now let us create a new job inside this same project to illustrate the process for designing a combined footing
104. asking you to choose either a Quadrilateral Mesh or a Polygonal Mesh Please choose Meshing Type xj Quadrilateral Meshing Polygonal Meshing STAAD foundation User s Manual 3 42 Section 3 Quick Tour Verify that the Quadrilateral Meshing radio button is selected by default and then click the OK button STAAD foundation will create the mesh and display it in the graphics window 3 12 Section 3 Quick Tour 3 43 Specifying Slab Thickness As this is a physical modeling system slab thickness and soil properties are automatically assigned to the slab with default values To change slab thickness click on the Slab Thickness leaf under Analysis Properties group Analysis properties gt Slab thickness 5 Soil property 5 Pile spring The Slab Thickness page will be displayed in the Data Area pane Slab thickness z By default it will show default slab thickness We can change this thickness to our desired values For our example we will use default values There are two types of thickness which are analysis thickness and design thickness Analysis thickness will be used to analyze the slab and design thickness will be used while designing the slab This is particularly important in modeling a pedestal where you may want to use excess thickness for stiffness modeling but want to use slab thickness for design STAAD foundation User s Manual 3 44 Section 3 Quick Tou
105. at module uses finite element analysis technique for accurate results Mat foundation Job 5 Default analysis properties 5 Physical beam table Pile Layout 4 Pile position table 5 Rectangular pile arrangement wizard parametric gt Circular pile arrangement wizard parametric Mesh generation 4 Add meshing regions Using polyline G Add a rectangular region 6 Add a circular region G Regular polygon amp Meshing setup 4 Analysis properties Slab thickness Soil property amp Pile spring Mat slab design options 5 Analyze amp Output View Options 5 Moment envelope generation 5 Design Parameters E Reinforcement Zoning amp Cut slab by a line 5 Calculation sheet The Mat foundation Job group contains following groups e Default analysis properties e Physical beam table e Pile Layout e Mesh generation e Analysis properties e Mat slab design options STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 94 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 6 3 1 Default analysis properties STAAD foundation mat foundation module is based on physical modeling environment So whenever a physical entity is created properties associated with that entity will also be created For example if we create a mat boundary properties like slab thickness and soil properties will also be created and associated to the newly created boundary automatically While creating these properties STAAD founda
106. ation job type is active For our example mat slab will be supported by soil in other words it s a slab on grade problem 3 10 Section 3 Quick Tour 3 35 Defining the Mat Boundary Now we would like to define the boundary of the mat To do this we expand Mesh generation group and then click on Add a rectangular region leaf 4 Mat foundation Job 5 Default analysis properties gt gt Physical beam table H Pile Layout Mesh generation Add meshing regions amp Using polyline 6 Add a circular region Gy Regular polygon Gy Meshing setup H Analysis properties H Mat slab design options The following form opens up in data area pane Set unit as inch and input X1 Z1 as 30 30 Then enter Length as 515 inch and Width as 345 inch Keep Y level as 0 0 as our support columns have same Y level Now click on Add Region button to create the Mat boundary STAAD foundation User s Manual 3 36 Section 3 Quick Tour Data Input Pane i a Rectangular Boundary Define Rectangular Region Unit in v x coordinate at Top left comer 30 Z coordinate at Top left comer 30 Length 515 1 Z1 co Width 345 Y Level B Length 2 Add Region This action will create the boundary in the graphics display window of view pane If your screen shows a grid you may want to switch it off by clicking on Linear Grid Setup leaf under Foundation Plan group in M
107. avigate to the directory in which the file is located and then select the file and click on Open Another dialog box will appear listing all the available load cases in the STAAD Pro file You may select any or all of the load cases by toggling on the corresponding check box and then clicking on the Import button As STAAD Pro does not have the definition for serviceability and ultimate load type user should assign right load type attribute to each load case here By default program defines all load cases as primary load types You can import either support coordinates or a slab already analyzed in STAAD Pro to design in STAAD foundation To import support coordinates simply click on import button and it will import all support positions along with support reactions for all selected load cases To import an analyzed slab select Import Plates option and then enter Y level of the slab position Program can only import a slab defined in XZ plane Now select design code to be used to design the slab Click on Import button and that will import the slab along with plate stresses and node displacements for selected load cases The program will automatically create a mat foundation job STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 198 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment STAAD foundation Import utility 1 4DL 1 7LL Primary M 75 1 4DL 1 7LL 1 7WL Primary M Select All Import Supported Nodes O Import Plates Le
108. aving Following figure shows the load combination page Allowable Load Combination iS 0 00 0 00 Z 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 WB J gt iu lt The first column indicates the index of the load combination The second row has a check Check on the check boxes of the combination which you want to use The cell with zero values appears in gray color where as with values other than zero it appears in sky color Update Table Initially the page shows all the load combination saved in the INI file You can add new load combination simply by adding factors in the last row Check on the check box in the second row to use the load combination If you save a file with those load combination then the load combination will be only saved to that file but not in Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 5 43 INI file To save the load combination in the INI file you need to click on Update Table You can also manually change the INI file Delete To delete a load combination select a row and then click on Delete to delete any particular load combination from the list But to delete any combination from the INI file you need to click on Update Table after clicking on Delete STAAD foundation User s Manual 5 44 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical
109. ax 2 066 Mujim Rumax X B X di 2172 953 KN m gt M Hence safe Area of Steel Required Area of steel required along length fe 4 6MU j Ast 0 5 x x 1 _ 1 _ x B x d 3592 61 mm fy fcx Bxdexde Minimum area of steel Astmin 0 0012 x B x D 2397 mm Area of steel required along width fe 4 6MU A 0 5 x x 1 _ 1 x B x d 2833 69 mm fy fcx Bx dex de Minimum area of steel Astmin 0 0012 x B x D 2397 mm Check for One Way Shear Along Length 100Ast Percentage of steel p 0 2285 Bxde Corresponding allowable 7 0 338 N mm Vu max Bxde Developed shear stress T Section 5 Indian Verification Problems 6 19 3x 416 667 x 106 Vumax __ KN 530 KN 250 530 x 1000 Developed shear stress 7 2350 x 669 0 337 N mm lt Toa Hence safe Check for Two Way Shear Vumax 3000 333 33 KN 2666 67 KN 2666 67 x 1000 3 Developed shear stress 7 0 852 N mm 4x1169x 669 K min 0 5 1 1 1 Allowable shear stress K xT 1x0 25 fc 0 968 N mm gt developed T hence safe Spacing Along length 3592 61x4 No of 12 mm bar 31 76 32 X12x12 f 2350 100x2 12 Spacing _ 68 967 mm 32 1 Spacing along length for 12 mm bar 68 967 mm Along width 2833 69 x 4 No of 12 mm bar
110. box and a value of 40 kips in the Lateral and Uplift edit boxes Enter a value of 10 in for the Pile Dia Enter a value of 36 in for the Spacing Enter a value of 24 in for the Edge Distance The total loading on the support is shown if we click on the Show Loading On Support button E Load Table for Support No 1 d 058242321 68 03285980 0 696796894 33 31498336 209 5984191 0 2 699549674 47 24615097 5 5427 48928 450 1890258 130 1803131 We may either chose the Auto Arrangement or we may go for a manual input of the co ordinates of the piles If we choose Auto Arrangement and click on the Calculate button all possible pile arrangements corresponding to the pile loads in all the load cases are shown according to the BOCA standard Please note the program automatically calculates all possible arrangements which satisfy pile capacity criteria Section 3 Quick Tour 3 75 m 2 i gt Case 2 3 Pile Arrangement O O 5 Pile Arrangement 6 Pile Arrangement 7 Pile Arrangement 8 Pile Arrangement O O 9 Pile Arrangement 10 Pile Arrangement 11 Pile Arrangement 12 Pile Arrangement 13 Pile Arrangement 14 Pile Arrangement 15 Pile Arrangement ces Ul H H H 6 6 s We go through the tree controls and choose the arrangement suitable to us For this example we will choose 4 pile arrangement As we click on the OK button the diagram showing the pile arrangements is transferred
111. bution is assumed For plane stress action the assumed stress distribution is as follows a4 o 1 x y 00 0 0 xX 22 0 az c 0 0 01x y 0 y 0 y a ty 0 y 0 0 0 x 1 23y y x 440 a through aio constants of stress polynomials STAAD foundation User s Manual 2 8 Section 2 Theoretical Basis The following quadratic stress distribution is assumed for plate bending action Complete quadratic assumed stress distribution ay M i x yoo00000 x xy 0 0 5 M o001xy000 0 0 y y k My 0000001x y xy 0 0 y Qa 1010000001 x y 0 x Qj 000001010 y 0x y eae a through a 3 constants of stress polynomials The distinguishing features of this finite element are 1 Displacement compatibility between the plane stress component of one element and the plate bending component of an adjacent element which is at an angle to the first see Figure below is achieved by the elements This compatibility requirement is usually ignored in most flat shell plate elements Section 2 Theoretical Basis 2 9 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 The out of plane rotational stiffness from the plane stress portion of each element is usefully incorporated and not treated as a dummy as is usually done in most commonly available commercial software Despite the incorporation of the rotational stiffness mentioned previously the elements satisfy the patch test absolutely These elements are available as
112. cal Environment 4 43 4 4 3 8 Add Concentrated Load member load Clicking on the Add Concentrated Load leaf opens a form in data area pane that allows you to create a concentrated load on physical beams Load Unit k CC Direction Local Position Value of the concentrated load acting on the member Insert v value ff the load is vertically downward oe tn a To create concentrated load acting on a beam first select the Load and Length Units to use for the load Next input the load value with proper sign Please note a positive Y value represents load acting upward Now select the Direction Local X Local Y Local Z Global X Global Y or Global Z in which the load will act upon If load is acting at the middle of the beam you don t need to input position parameter Please note that position here is in local coordinates Finally click on Add Load to accept the load STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 44 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 4 3 9 Add Trapezoidal Load member load Clicking on the Add Trapezoidal Load leaf opens a form in data area pane that allows you to create a trapezoidal load on physical beams i gt t Q r To create trapezoidal load acting on a beam first select the Load and Length Units to use for the load Next input the load values with proper sign at start and end Now select the Direction Local X Local Y Local Z
113. changer in case of stacked exchanger This will be used if single exchanger is chosen Height from Pier Top to Upper Exchanger H Height from the top of the pier to the center line of the upper exchanger Soil Depth SD Depth of soil Height of Pier Top from Base B Height from the top of the pier to the base of the foundation Spacing of Exchanger S Spacing of the central line of the exchanger in case of stacked exchanger Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 5 29 5 3 2 Footing Geometry Page Here you have to input the geometrical data relate to the footing Pier to Pier Distance Pier Width Pier Length Right Overhang Left Overhang Width Width Max Thickness Thickness Max Length Max Unit Choose the length dimension unit 180 20 64 42 42 132 132 24 24 264 Pier to Pier Distance Distance of the central lines of the pier Pier Width Width of the pier Pier length Breadth of the pier Right Overhang Unit in v Fixed No v Fixed Wo v Fixed No v Increament 1 Increament 1 STAAD foundation User s Manual 5 30 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment Length of the right overhang from the central line of the right pier Choose Yes from the combo box right next to it if you wish to make it fix else No if you wish to allow it to increase by the design engine Left Overh
114. check It lists all the grid points created to design the slab It shows X Y Z coordinates for each point moment for that face and direction and the corresponding reinforcement requirements STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 150 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment Mat Slab Design Grid Points Moment Punching Shear Reinforcement Side Longitudinal O Transverse OTop Bottom em vem zom camin arg tora cose s 30 000 0 000 30 000 1 420 0 259 1 21 271 0 000 30 000 1 116 0 259 1 12 542 0 000 30 000 2 912 0 259 1 3 814 0 000 30 000 3 436 0 259 1 4 915 0 000 30 000 0 509 0 259 1 13 644 0 000 30 000 0 000 0 259 2 22 373 0 000 30 000 0 000 0 259 2 31 102 0 000 30 000 0 000 0 259 2 39 831 0 000 30 000 0 000 0 259 2 48 559 0 000 30 000 0 000 0 259 2 57 288 0 000 30 000 0 000 0 259 2 66 017 0 000 30 000 0 000 0 259 2 74 746 0 000 30 000 0 000 0 259 z 83 475 0 000 30 000 0 000 0 259 2 92 203 0 000 30 000 0 000 0 259 2 100 932 0 000 30 000 0 000 10 259 2 109 661 0 000 30 000 0 000 0 259 2 118 390 0 000 30 000 0 000 0 259 2 127 119 0 000 30 000 0 000 0 259 2 w Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 151 4 6 6 3 Reinforcing zones As design is performed on thousands of points it will be impossible to go through all those numbers and crea
115. ction 3 Quick Tour 3 15 Slab Design Now we go for designing the slab Slab design in STAAD foundation has three distinct parts First step is to generate moment envelope Next step is to design the slab and the last step is to create reinforcement zones for reinforcement layout Please click on the Moment envelope generation leaf under Mat slab design options group in main navigator pane gt Analyze 5 Output View Options 5 Design Parameters E Reinforcement Zoning 5 Cut slab by a line gt Calculation sheet The moment envelope generation dialog box will appear in the Data Area pane as shown in the following figure Here we need to setup slab longitudinal axis We can setup the axis by simply clicking at two points on the view or typing x z coordinate As our slab is rectangular and parallel to global axis system we will use Global X axis as slab longitudinal axis A X axis can be defined by 0 0 and 100 0 coordinates Section 3 Quick Tour 3 57 Envelope Generation Select current panel B oundary v Longitudinal axis setup By drawing a line on slab By specifying coordinates Unit ft vi Starting 0 Starting2 0 Endingx 100 EndingZ 0 Specify discrete design points Division along longitudinal axis 60 Division along transverse axis 60 Select load type Use all load cases v A Generate moment envelope Select Use all load cases from Select load type
116. dation In such cases the program sets stress values in uplift zones to zero and calculates new values elsewhere for the revised equilibrium condition The final plan dimensions of the footing are established iteratively from the condition that the maximum stress should not exceed the factored bearing resistance of the soil Step 2 Calculate footing thickness based on structural capacity in shear and bending Structural design of the footing consists of the following a Punching shear check in accordance with Section 11 12 2 at a distance of d 2 from the pedestal The 2 20 STAAD foundation User s Manual Section 2 Theoretical Basis critical section comprises four straight line segments parallel to the corresponding sides of the pedestal b One way shear beam action in accordance with Sections 11 1 through 11 5 at a distance of d from the face of the pedestal in both orthogonal directions The critical plane is assumed to extend over the entire width length of the footing c Bending in accordance with Sections 15 4 2 and 10 3 4 with the critical planes located at both orthogonal faces of the pedestal and extending across the full width length of the footing Pile Cap The program produces the following design output a Required pile quantity and layout to satisfy loading applied to the footing based on bearing uplift and lateral pile capacity b Geometry of the pile cap based on shear and bending
117. dit Current Job W7 Delete Job 3 6 Section 3 Quick Tour 3 23 Entering Design Parameters When you begin a new project only the Project Info Foundation Plan Loads and Factor and Job Setup groups will appear in the Main Navigator pane The first three groups allow you to specify the physical model upon which the foundation design is to be performed A fourth group Job Setup allows you to create a new job or edit an existing job It is only when you create a New Job a set of constraints for the program to use in performing a foundation design that groups related to the current design process will appear Now take a look at the Main Navigator pane A new group called Isolated Footing Job is created This group allows you to enter design parameters like footing geometry concrete cover soil parameters etc As Design Parameters forms are self explanatory we will not discuss them in this Quick Tour Job Setup Create a New Job Edit Current Job 5 Delete Job 4 Design Parameters gt Concrete amp Rebar E Cover amp Soil 5 Footing Geometry E Sliding amp Overturning Gy Design Note STAAD foundation gives the user flexibility to check an existing foundation by specifying footing geometry like Length Width and Thickness or design a new foundation where the program will calculate footing dimension STAAD foundation User s Manual 3 24 Section 3 Quick Tour 3 7 Performing an I
118. ds etc This physical information represents the structure that the foundation is intended to support Unless the design of the structure is modified these physical conditions generally remain constant throughout the life of the foundation design project Your Project also contains Jobs which are sets of constraints needed to tell the program how to perform a foundation design Each project may contain multiple jobs making it easy for you to evaluate different design scenarios for a given set of physical conditions In general discussion the names of commands dialog boxes toolbar buttons or other program controls are indicated in italics When it is intended that you perform a specific action the names of the menu commands dialog box labels data values you are expected to input etc are indicated in bold type Section 3 Quick Tour 3 3 3 2 Starting a New Project To start STAAD foundation first click on the Windows Start button Next select the Programs option select the STAAD foundation program group and then click on the STAAD foundation program icon Gj Set Program Access and Defaults administrative Tools Adobe Acrobat Reader 5 A Microsoft Office Y License Administrator cation CASTAADFoundation gt EA Tutorials gt EP STAAD foundation Online Documentation STAAD foundation will launch with the option to create a new project for general foundation or plant foundation foundati
119. e It s the size of one side of a plate element to be created This parameter will be used by mesh generation engine to generate plates This option allows you to control meshing density and plate counts which in turn control analysis run time and output size Optimize based on area It s an optimization technique to be used only for triangular plate generation for non quad mat boundary By default program optimize meshing based on element size Generate Mesh STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 116 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment Click on this button to generate mesh of the selected bounding region Once you click on the Create Mesh button a dialog box will appear allowing you to choose the type of meshing to create The following two types of meshing are available e Quadrilateral Meshing e Polygonal Meshing Please choose Meshing Type l x Quadrilateral Meshing Polygonal Meshing Cancel A Quadrilateral Mesh works well for slabs with quadrilateral boundaries and when there is no hole or control region A Polygonal Mesh is the better choice for slabs with irregular shapes like a Y shaped slab or slabs with round holes irregular shaped holes round edges etc After you have selected the desired meshing type and clicked OK STAAD foundation will create the mesh and display it in the Graphics Window Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 117 STAAD foundation Use
120. e The serviceability factor will be applied when checking the base pressure of a foundation geotechnical design The design factor will be used for design 3 5 Section 3 Quick Tour 3 19 Using Jobs to Specify Design Constraints Now that all the global project data has been inputted you have the ability to design the foundation using Isolated Supports Pile Caps Strip Footing or you could support the entire structure on a single Mat Foundation You will not have to create separate input files for entering all this information All you have to do is to create separate jobs under the same project In order to create a job click on Create a New Job leaf under the job setup group in Main Navigator pane Job Setup gt Create a New Job 25 Edit Current Job gt Delete Job A form to create a new job will open in the Data Area pane STAAD foundation User s Manual 3 20 Section 3 Quick Tour Isolated Loading s Available Load Cases 1 Load Case 1 2 Live Load Selected Load Cases 101 Load Case 1 Live Load The job types may be to design for Isolated Pile Cap Mat Foundation Strip footing and Octagonal footing We can assign the job to all the supports or we can type in the list of supports to be included in the job Section 3 Quick Tour The design codes may be US British or Indian The default unit type may be English or SI This denotes the units in which the ac
121. e which will show pile layout drawing and a table for pile coordinates Pile coordinates in this table are editable Select Current Arrangement When we are Satisfied with pile layout click on Select Current Arrangement to select and apply that layout Program will check the pile reaction against pile capacity to make sure pile reactions do not exceed pile capacity values A message box will be popped up to inform where the assignment is successful Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 85 4 6 2 3 Design Parameters 5 Pile Cap Job gt Pile Layout Predefined 4 Pile Layout Parametric E Design Clicking on Design Parameters leaf opens a form in the Data Area pane that allows you to input standard design control parameters for use in designing pile caps STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 86 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment Design Paramenters Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 87 The following design parameters are available e Strength of Concrete e Yield Strength of Steel e Side Cover Cs e Bottom Cover Cb e Pile in Pile Cap Cp e Initial Thickness e Minimum Bar Size e Maximum Bar Size Note The Pile in Pile Cap parameter refers to the length of the pile that is contained within the pile cap as shown by the Cp parameter in the diagram at the top of the Data Area pane Set as Default The Set as Default check box al
122. e Back View e Right Side View e Left Side View e View From Top e View from Bottom e Isometric View e Rotate Up e Rotate Down e Rotate Left e Rotate Right e Spin Left e Spin Right Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 247 Front View The Front View icon allows you to display a foundation as seen from the front When the global Y axis is vertical this is the elevation view as looking towards the negative direction of the Z axis Back View The Back View icon allows you to display a foundation as seen from the back When the global Y axis is vertical this is the elevation view as seen looking towards the positive direction of the Z axis Right Side View The Right Side View icon allows you to display a foundation as seen from the right side When the global Y axis is vertical this is the side elevation view as seen looking towards the negative direction of the X axis Left Side View The Left Side View icon allows you to display a foundation as seen from the left side When the global Y axis is vertical this is the side elevation view as seen looking towards the positive direction of the X axis View From Top The View From Top icon allows you to display a foundation as seen from the top looking down When the global Y axis is vertical this is the plan view as seen from the sky looking down STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 248 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environmen
123. e File menu and select the Import command 1C Temp FileTour afs 2 untitled afs 3 C Temp Mat afs 4 untitled afs Exit A file manager dialog box labeled STAADPro File Import will be displayed StaadPro File Import Look in SJ US t oindey 2 EXAMPO1 STD EXAMPO2 STD s EXAMPO3 STD 2 EXAMPO4 STD s EXAMPOS STD s EXAMPO6 STD 2 EXAMPO7 STD EIJEXAMPO8 STD S EXAMPOS SLE a EXAMP13 STD i EXAMP14 STD EXAMP15 STD S EXAMP12 Ste s EXxAMP 10 5 Type STAAD Space Frame 3 EXAMP11 5 size 1 12 Ke Filename EXAMPO8 STD Files of type STAAD Pro Files std 7 Cancel Section 3 Quick Tour 3 31 Locate the STAAD Pro US Example No 8 file and highlight it Then click on Open Import STAAD Pro file STAAD foundation Import utility 1 4DL 1 7LL Primary 75 1 4DL 1 7LL 1 7WL Primary Select All Import Type Import Supported Nodes O Import Plates y Level 0 m Design Code 115 Default Unit Type ENGI Click on Import in the resulting dialog box The support coordinates will be imported to STAAD foundation as shown in the graphics display window Notice that you did not have to create a new project STAAD foundation did not overwrite the project you already had open or add any new data to it Instead the program has created a new project with the default project name Untitled STAAD foundation User s Manual 3 32 Section 3
124. e detailed drawing displays a schematic diagram of the footing elevation and reinforcement plan oe Start Page Layout Drawing Calculation Sheet a Strip Footing Graph Pa Detail Drawing Y Section 3 Quick Tour 3 27 Isolated Footing Reinforcement Plan Isolated Footing Reinforcement Section A click on the Calculation Sheet tab in view pane brings up the design calculation of the footings It displays step by step calculation with relevant code clause numbers and equations Critical Axial design Load Pu 0 00 kip Load Case 2 From ACI C1 11 12 2 1 Bo for column 2 Beat Deot 2X deg 216 00 in 4 Equation 11 35 V4 2 exau 1000xFi 344258 k Equation 11 36 V3 fp4oxSet perce 1000XFe 5610 13 k Equation 11 37 Vig AX BoX dex 41000 XF i 2295 05 k Veo Veg 2295 05 kip ad p p Punching shear strength V minimum of V4 STAAD foundation User s Manual 3 28 Section 3 Quick Tour This calculation sheet is web enabled for real time checking Hard copies can also be made from this sheet A project once created can be saved and re opened later using the File Save and File Open options STAAD foundation files are saved with afs extension 3 8 Section 3 Quick Tour 3 29 Importing Structural Geometry and Analysis Results from STAAD Pro In most cases the forces and moments on the foundation are given by the analysis of the s
125. e divides the screen into three panes the Page Control pane the Data Area pane and the Main View or Graphics Window pane In addition to the three panes the interface also contains a Title Bar Menu Bar Toolbar and Status Bar The seven elements of the STAAD foundation GUI are identified in the figure below Title Bar Menu Bar Tool Bar kiniinin e me m m Jag Ble Edt yew Tods DSH 5 28 x Saks 2 watoesion 1 0EAD LOAD CASE 1 z touit D Ann LPPAPDAD AA Eitha AQHA rti Kio iata O Na ooa i i eaa 2 Detal Draving Layout raving Calculation Sheet Strip Footing Graph T Data Input Pane ax General Information Pile Layout E Fie postion table Craular ple arrangement G amp Mesh generation Add meshing regions Using polvine By Add a roctangula regon E Add a craular region E Regular polygon E Meshing setup Gy Analysis properties E Sab theiness E Sol property E Pie spring By Mat slab design opti G fy Rz Deg Deg Deg aow oeoo 0000001 oooi drqeoco o0cocot aoco oco go 0000001 m oco 0 000001 0 00000 0 000001 z ummary 7 Reaction _Roscton Sunny Cortact Avea Pao Sess 7 Pale Sioe _ Data Input Pane _ O Dyna Heb E Calculation sheet m Main Navigator Pane Main View Pane Output View Pane Data Input Pne StatUs Bar Title Bar Located at the top of the screen the Title Bar displays the file name of the project that is currently open amp active
126. e footing STAAD foundation User s Manual 2 28 Section 2 Theoretical Basis nowo OO Quick Tour Section 3 This section includes discussion on the following topics e Introduction e Starting a New Project e Entering Support Coordinates e Defining the Loads e Using Jobs to Specify Design Constraints e Entering Design Parameters e Performing an Isolated Footing Design e Importing Structural Geometry and Analysis Results from STAAD Pro e Creating a New Job for a Mat Foundation e Setting up the Grid and Defining the Mat Boundary e Creating a Mesh e Specifying Slab Thickness e Defining Soil Properties e Analyzing the Slab e Slab Design e Pile Cap Example e Entering Pile Data e Entering Pile Cap Design Parameters e Performing Pile Cap Design and Viewing Results e Exporting Drawings to CAD e Strip footing design example e Entering strip footing design parameters e Design strip footing and review results STAAD foundation User s Manual 3 2 Section 3 Quick Tour 3 1 Introduction This Quick Tour is a set of short example exercises that illustrate how to use STAAD foundation to design several different types of foundations The procedure for importing support co ordinates and forces moments on the individual supports from STAAD Pro is also discussed In STAAD foundation you start out by creating a Project to hold all your physical information such as column locations loa
127. e it using an INI file This file exits in the program installation directory as ACILOAD INI This saved load combination will be application specific i e they are independent of file saving Following figure shows the load combination page Allowable Load Combination 0 00 0 00 0 00 ooo 000 0 00 O00 000 0 00 O00 000 B The first column indicates the index of the load combination The second row has a check Check on the check boxes of the combination which you want to use The cell with zero values appears in gray color where as with values other than zero it appears in sky color Update Table Initially the page shows all the load combination saved in the INI file You can add new load combination simply by adding factors in the last row Check on the check box in the second row to use the load combination If you save a file with those load combination then the load combination will be only saved to that file but not in 0 00 oo 000 0 00 oo 0 00 0 00 000 0 00 oo oo owo o0 2 D gt AL gt ut v STAAD foundation User s Manual 5 20 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment INI file To save the load combination in the INI file you need to click on Update Table You can also manually change the INI file Delete To delete a load combination select a row and then click on Delete to delete any particular lo
128. e loads please click on the Loads amp Factors group in the Main Navigator pane 5 4 STAAD foundation Member Project Info G General Information Sy Review History 9 Modeling View Options Scale setup options Foundation Plan gt Linear Grid Setup 4 Radial Grid Setup amp Column Position z Column Dimension Sy Loads amp Factors Create New Load Case By default the Load Description page will open in the Data Area pane The Load Description page allows you to define loads for load cases as well as assign loads To create a load case click on the New Load Case leaf under the Loads amp Factors group in Main Navigator gy Loads amp Factors E Create New Load Case amp Add a Column Reaction Load amp Add a Point Load for Mat only amp Add a Line Load for Mat only E Add a Quadrilateral Load for Mat only 4 Add a Circular Pressure Load for Mat only B Add Member Load 8 Add Uniform Load o gt Add Concentrated Load amp Add Trapezoidal Load Safety Factor Table E Create New Load Combination 5 Remove Load Case A form under the load description area will appear allowing you to create a new load case STAAD foundation User s Manual 3 12 Section 3 Quick Tour Load Description Load Title man m Copy Load Load Case No Service Add Self Weight Yes Enter the title Load Case 1 in the Load Title field The Load Title allows you to give each lo
129. e logical sequence of operations for a project such as definition of footing positions specification of loads and factors mesh generation and so on If you go through the pages Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 5 from top to bottom and enter all the data that is relevant to a project you will end up with a successful model A detailed discussion of the facilities included in the Main Navigator pane is provided in Section 4 3 of this manual Data Input Pane Located in the right of the screen the Data Input pane is where you enter all relevant data for a project The Data Input pane contains different forms dialog boxes tables and list boxes depending on the type of operation you are performing For example when you click on the Column Dimension leaf a Column Dimension table is displayed in the Data Input pane when you click on the Plate Thickness button the contents of the Data Input pane change to display the Plate Thickness dialog box STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 6 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 3 The Navigator Controls 5 3 STAAD foundation Member 4 Project Info E General Information 5 Review History amp Modeling View Options 5 Scale setup options Foundation Plan gt Linear Grid Setup E Radial Grid Setup E Column Position Sy Column Dimension 4 Loads amp Factors 5 Create New Load Case y Add a Column Reaction Load y Add a Point Load
130. e nodal tributary area Beam sectional property This property will be used to define cross sectional property of the physical beams added to mat foundation Current version of the program can only have rectangular property Pile spring values If the mat is supported by piles you need to create pile layout by adding piles to mat foundation Program uses pile as spring support for analysis So program needs to know spring constant for those pile supports Ky represents vertical spring constant Kx and Kz represent lateral spring constants for respecting X and Z direction Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 97 4 6 3 2 Physical beam table Beams can be added to mat foundation to model additional stiffness and to transfer loads Its called Physical beam because user don t need to worry about beam connectivity with meshed plates Program internally will break these physical beams in analytical entities Physical beams can be created between two support nodes As you enter two support nodes a physical beam will be created and the default beam sectional property as set in default properties option will be assigned Those values can be edited as required The input unit for cross sectional property can be changed by clicking on tool bar icon Physical beams s 2 12 00 12 00 3 12 00 12 00 After adding a beam the beam will be displayed in main view area STAAD foundation User s Manual
131. e specified longitudinal direction To generate moment envelope you first need to define longitudinal reinforcement direction You can define X Z coordinate to define an axis or click on any two points on the screen STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 146 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment Envelope Generation z Select current panel Boundary v Longitudinal axis setup By drawing a line on slab By specifying coordinates Unit in v Starting Xx oo Statingz 0 Ending X EndingZ 0 Specify discrete design points Division along longitudinal axis Division along transverse axis so Select load type Use ultimate load cases only sa 8 Generate moment envelope The following commands and inputs are available to generate moment envelope Select Current Panel If you have multiple boundaries you need to choose current panel to be designed By default program selects the first created boundary Longitudinal Axis Setup There are two methods to define the longitudinal axis You can setup the axis either by defining two X Z coordinates or by clicking on two points on the screen Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 147 By drawing a line on slab Select this option to click on two points on the screen to define longitudinal axis Once the first point is clicked program will draw a line from the first point to the mouse point to show the axis After second p
132. e visit our product page at http www bentley com Staad foundation or email us at support bentley com STAAD foundation User s Manual 1 4 Section 1 System Requirements Installation and Start up 1 2 Hardware Requirements The following requirements are suggested minimums Systems with increased capacity provide enhanced performance e PC with Intel Pentium AMD processor e Graphics card and monitor with 1024x768 resolution 256 color display 16 bit high color recommended e 128 MB RAM or higher e Windows 98 NT 4 0 or higher operating system Windows 2000 XP Preferred Running it on Windows 95 systems is not recommended as performance may be degraded e Sufficient free space on the hard disk to hold the program and data files The disk space requirement will vary depending on the modules you are installing A typical minimum is 500MB free space Note Additional RAM disk space and video memory will enhance the performance of STAAD foundation The user must have a basic familiarity with Microsoft Windows systems in order to use the software Section 1 System Requirements Installation and Start up 1 5 1 3 Installation To install STAAD foundation 4 0 ensure you have logged in your machine with an account that has administrative privileges If you are unable to log in with a suitable account then contact your network administrator to login and perform the installation Itis to be
133. ea of steel required along length fe 4 6MU Ast 0 5 x x 1 1 xBxd fcx Bxdexde 2837 87 mm Minimum area of steel Astmin 0 0015 x B x D 1260 mm Check for One Way Shear Percentage of steel p 0 4022 B Corresponding allowable T 0 42 N mm Vu max Bxde Developed shear stress T 2 4 0 5 Vumax 156 25 x 2 4 x 2 oas 246 KN 2 246 x 1000 2400 x 294 0 3486N mm2 lt T eat Hence safe Developed shear stress T Check for Two Way Shear Vumax 900 KN 900 x 1000 2 Developed shear stress T 0 96 N mm 4x 794 x 294 K min 0 5 1 1 1 STAAD foundation User s Manual 6 10 Section 5 Indian Verification Problems Allowable shear stress K x T 1x0 25 fc 0 968 N mm Hence safe Note We are not deducting the upward force underneath the area enclosed by the critical perimeter because in this way we are in the conservative side Spacing 2837 87 x4 No of 12 mm bar 25 09 26 mx12x12 2400 50x 2 12 Spacing __ 91 52 mm 26 1 Spacing for 12 mm bar 91 52 mm k e 500 Section 5 Indian Verification Problems 6 11 Comparison Rereference STAAD foundation Difference Value Of e Result Result in Percent Effective 294 mm 294 mm None Depth G 7 Overnng 169 2187 KN m 169 2187 KN m None Moment A f ee 2837 87 mm
134. ected in the Change Length Unit drop down list box in the Tools toolbar Outer Radius of the Grid The Outer Radius of the Grid field allows you to specify the outer radius of the grid using the units selected in the Change Length Unit drop down list box in the Tools toolbar Number of Divisions Along Circumference The Along Circumference field allows you to specify the number of divisions along the circumference of the grid Along Radius The Along Radius field allows you to specify the number of divisions along the radius of the grid Show Grid The Show Grid field toggles the display of the grid in the Graphics Window Save As Default Selecting Yes in this field will save the grid data to be used in future projects Generate The Generate Grid command button creates the specified grid in the Graphics Window Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 27 Grid Direction The Grid Direction option allows you to specify in what direction you would like to edit the grid using the table and commands available below Circumferential The Circumferential option allows you to edit the grid lines along the circumference of the grid Radial The Radial option allows you to edit the grid lines along the radius of the grid Edit Grid Line s The Edit Grid Line s group box allows you to edit the grid lines of a grid You can edit the grid lines by changing the values in the table or by using the com
135. ected shape Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 143 STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 144 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 6 6 Slab Design Mat slab design options E Analyze sy Output View Options 3 Moment envelope generation 5 Design Parameters 6 Reinforcement Zoning E Cut slab by a line 5 Calculation sheet Slab Design for Mat foundation is divided into three simple steps 1 Moment envelope generation 2 Design slab 3 Create reinforcing zones and detailing The Slab Design page contains the following sub pages e FEM Slab Design e Slab Detailing e Section Design Along a Line Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 145 4 6 6 1 Moment Envelope Generation Mat slab design options ey Analyze 5 Output View Options 5 Design Parameters gt Reinforcement Zoning amp Cut slab by a line 9 Calculation sheet Clicking on the Moment Envelope Generation opens a form in data area pane which allows user to choose longitudinal reinforcement directions and generate moment envelope Please note longitudinal axis is just a vector direction Mat slab is a physical entity in STAAD foundation so to design the slab program uses a unique technique It first divides the slab into finite number of discrete points and then calculates stress on those nodes to create moment envelope Please note that program automatically transforms stresses to th
136. ed Wind Load DESIGN WIND PRESSURE P 0 00256 Kd Kz Kt v2 I G CF psf Wind Speed 90 mph Kd 0 95 Table 6 6 Kz for ExpB Case 1 Kat p 115 Table 6 1 10 85 cf 072 Axial Force Give Axial Force value for both Shell End and Channel End with proper unit Shear Give the value of base shear in X and Z direction with choosing the unit from the unit setup combo box Moment Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 5 35 Give the value of moment in X and Z direction with choosing the unit from the unit setup combo box Otherwise choose Calculated Wind Load radio button which will activate the required input fields as shown below All the inputs are described with mentioning the section and table number of the code User Defined Wind Load Axial Force Shell End 0 kip w Shear Fx 0 Fz 0 kip v Channel End 0 Moment Mx 0 Mz 0 kpin Calculated Wind Load DESIGN WIND PRESSURE P 0 00256 Kd Kz Kat v2 I G CF psf Wind Speed 90 mph Kd 0 95 tator pB elias Wind Speed You need to input the wind speed provided in the code in miles per hour units Wind Directional Factor Kd Click on the button Table 6 6 This will show a table as below STAAD foundation User s Manual 5 36 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment Choose any value of them and click
137. edges of a pile User can choose appropriate unit from the drop down list at right Show Loading On Support The Show Loading on Support button opens a table displaying the total loading on the support for each load case selected under Support for Pile Arrangement Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 77 E Load Table for Support No 1 4 058242321 68 032859380 0 696796894 33 31498336 209 5984191 2 699549674 47 24615097 5 542748928 450 1890258 130 1803131 6 757791996 115 2790145 4 845952033 416 8740539 339 7787170 Pile Arrangement Type The Pile Arrangement Type group box allows you to input the coordinates for a pile arrangement or have STAAD foundation calculate a pile arrangement automatically Auto Arrangement The Auto Arrangement radio option allows you to have STAAD foundation calculate the pile arrangement In order to have STAAD foundation calculate the pile arrangement select Auto Arrangement and click on the Calculate button A window will appear displaying all possible pile arrangements corresponding to the pile loads in all the load cases according to the BOCA standard Calculate The Calculate button opens a window displaying all possible pile arrangements corresponding to the pile loads in all the load cases according to the BOCA standard when the Auto Arrangement radio option is selected STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 78 Section 4 STAAD foundation G
138. eneration 4 6 3 4 1 Adding Mesh Region 4 6 3 4 1 1 Using Polyline 4 6 3 4 1 2 Add a reectangular region 4 6 3 4 1 3 Add a circular region 4 6 3 4 1 4 Regular Polygon 4 6 3 4 2 Meshing Setup 4 6 4 Analysis properties 4 6 5 Mat slab design dption 4 6 5 1 Analyze 4 6 5 2 Displacement 4 6 5 3 Disp Displacement summery 4 6 5 4 Support Reaction s 4 6 5 5 Support Reaction Summery 4 6 5 6 Contact Area 4 6 5 7 Plate Stresses 4 6 5 8 Plate Stresses Summery 4 6 5 9 Pile Reaction 4 6 5 10 Output View Options 4 6 6 Slab Design 4 6 6 1 Moment Envelope Generation 4 6 6 2 Design Parameters 4 6 6 3 Reinforcing zones 4 6 6 4 Section Design Along a Line 4 6 6 5 Calculation Sheet Combined Footing 4 7 1 4 7 2 4 7 3 Creating Combined footing Job Creating the Combined Footing Defining the Design Parameters 4 7 3 1 Concrete and Rebar 4 7 3 2 Cover and Soil 4 7 3 3 Footing Geometry 4 7 3 4 Design Octagonal Footing 4 8 1 4 8 2 Creating Octagonal footing Job Defining the Design Parameters 4 8 2 1 Design Parameters 4 8 2 2 Footing Geometry 4 8 2 3 Design The Menu Commands 4 9 1 4 9 2 4 9 3 4 9 4 File Menu Edit Menu View Menu Tools Menu 4 10 The Toolbars 4 98 4 99 4 100 4 102 4 104 4 105 4 106 4 107 4 109 4 111 4 113 4 118 4 124 4 125 4 128 4 131 4 132 4 133 4 134 4 135 4 136 4 137 4 138 4 144 4 145 4 149 4 152 4 157 4 162 4 163 4 164 4 166 4 169 4 170 4 172 4 174
139. ental Period T Seismic Response Coefficient Parameters For direct input give the calculated value of shear and moment in both directions with proper choice of unit Else uncheck the above said check box to use the software to calculate the values for you Again that can be done in two ways You can select US Zip code to get the parametric values or else you can provide their values from your own knowledge Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 5 39 Directly Input Seismic Load Sesimic Ground Motion Values O Select using Zip Code Enter Value Manually si 0 074 55 0 25 Site Class C lv Fundamental Period T Seismic Response Coefficient Parameters Transverse Direction pane Response Modification Factor R 3 lv Longitudinal Direction 0 512 Occupancy Importance Factor I 1 25 iv Long Transition Period TL 0 Select using Zip Code Choose Select using Zip Code This will populate the Select Zip combo box and then choosing any one of them will fill up the other input boxes Only you need to choose the Site Class from the Site Class combo box It will also show the corresponding City Latitude and Longitude for that Zip Code 5 S STAAD foundation User s Manual 5 40 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment Sesimic Ground Motion Values Select using Zip Code O Enter Value Manually Select Zip 00501 City Y Site Class 4 v
140. eristics are available e Bottom Clear Cover e Unit Weight of Soil e Soil Bearing Capacity e Depth of Soil above footing e Surcharge for Loading Set as Default The Set as Default check box allows you to use the values inputted in the Cover and Soil form as the default values for future projects Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 65 4 6 1 3 Footing Geometry 5 4 Isolated Footing Job 4 Design Parameters gt Concrete amp Rebar gt Cover amp Soil fea Footing Geometry E Sliding amp Overturning Gy Design Clicking on the Footing Geometry leaf opens a form in data area pane that allows you to input isolated footing geometry The following footing details are available e Thickness e Length e Width e Offset in both X and Z direction e Length Width Ratio e Footing Type The Footing Geometry provides you with the option to instruct STAAD foundation to calculate the footing dimensions or you can check the footing dimension by specifying fixed values You can specify a desired minimum and maximum for Thickness Length and or Width as well as an increment for Thickness Plan Dimension and Length Width Ratio by entering the desired values in the corresponding fields STAAD foundation will calculate any value left unspecified for you 4 66 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment Footing Type STAAD foundation User s Manual Two types of Footing are used Unif
141. essing Global Stiffness Matrix 14 42 59 Finished Processing Global Stiffness Matrix 0 sec Processing Triangular Factorization 14 43 0 Finished Triangular Factorization 1 sec Calculating Joint Displacements 14 43 1 Finished Joint Displacement Calculation 0 sec Tension Comp converged Iters 4 Case 1 Calculating Member Forces 14 43 1 Processing Element Stiffness Matrix 14 43 1_ Processing Global Stiffness Matrix 14 43 1j Finished Processing Global Stiffness Matrix 0 sec Processing Triangular Factorization 14 43 1 Finished Triangular Factorization 0 sec Calculating Joint Displacements 14 43 1 Finished Joint Displacement Calculation 0 sec Processing Element Stiffness Matrix 14 43 1 amp 4 u a MITTTITI Ti 14 43 1 0 Error s 0 Warnings Abort After successful analysis program will convert analytical results to physical entity based results to allow user to review output and design slab By default the deformed plates showing the node displacements will appear in the Graphics Window To change the viewing scale of the displacement diagram click on the Scale icon in toolbar 4 It will open a form in the data area pane Change the Displacement scale for suitable display of results diagram Please note that increasing scale will make diagram appear smaller Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 127 Scale setup Result Scales Displacement
142. essure is vertically downward x1 21 x4 z4 x2 22 x3 23 STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 36 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment To create a Quadrilateral Load first select the Dimension and Pressure Units to use for the load Then input the magnitude of the load in the Pressure field Next input the elevation at which the load is applied in the Y Coord field Now define the area or footprint of the load by inputting the coordinates of the quadrilateral figure x1 x2 x3 x4 zl z2 z3 z4 Finally click on OK to accept the load Note The Y Coordinate must correspond to the elevation of the foundation supports Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 37 STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 38 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 4 3 5 Adda Circular Pressure Load for Mat only Clicking on the Add Circular Load leaf opens a form in data pane area that allows you to create a Circular Load Quadrilateral Loads are plate pressure load and only applicable to mat foundations Pressure A Unit ks ia Pressure 1 000000 Position Unit in ill Center X Center Z Radius Y Position No of Division 0 lt Pressure Value of the pressure acting on a circular area on mat Enter a ve value if the pressure is vertically downward left Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 39 S
143. ew a number of animated movie files that demonstrate how to perform various tasks Additional STAAD foundation learning resources are available at Bentley Systems Inc web site at http www bentley com en US Products STAAD foundation Finally we strongly encourage you to take advantage of Bentley s technical support service Our support staff is most eager and willing to help you learn to use the program correctly You may contact our STAAD foundation technical support staff by sending e mail to the following address support reiusa com Write down your questions and attach your STAAD foundation project file if you think it would be helpful the STAAD foundation project file is appended with the extension AFS the current input file name always appears in the title bar at the top of your STAAD foundation program window Most technical support e mails are answered the same day they are received Thank you for purchasing STAAD foundation We hope you enjoy using the program and hope that it adds value and efficiency to your engineering endeavors If you have any comments regarding the program or suggestions on how it could be improved to better serve your needs we would very much like to hear from you Section 3 Quick Tour 3 99 oowoo od STAAD foundation Graphical Environment Section 4 General Foundation This section includes discussion on the following topics Introduction Screen Organization G
144. f and y from the top to the bottom of each section of uniform weight diameter and thickness B is determined for each concentrated mass Now let us describe the input required in the Time Period Page The following picture shows the corresponding page STAAD foundation User s Manual 5 10 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment C Fundamental Period T 139 s Long Transition Period TL 9 s Length ft v Force Length kips ft v Force kip v Distributed Mass Concentrated Mass a a 1692 0367 75 2000 66 5000 15 4380 1200 0000 77 2200 1 453 2966 66 5000 58 2000 14 5000 0 1308 1200 0000 69 0000 2233 7649 58 2000 41 5000 4 5000 0 1303 4 4 200 0000 50 5000 Z 1972 6208 41 5000 33 2000 4 5000 0 1303 7 7000 0000 50 5000 2238 0009 33 2000 8 2000 14 5000 0 1303 50 5000 1162 0565 8 2000 0 0000 4 5000 0 1303 28 5000 E 2500 0000 14 5000 1200 0000 8 0000 m m 2 Calculate Time Period Fundamental Period T If you want to input the value of the Fundamental Period manually then check the check box The edit box right next to it will be active and you can enter the value If you want a calculated value provided by the software then leave it unchecked and the edit box will be transformed into a read only state Now after giving all the necessary value if you click on Calculate Time Period button then the calculated value will be shown in the edit box Long Transition Period TL
145. f piles in pile group Number of Circular layers Number of concentric circular pile layers Pile Spacing Minimum spacing between two piles in above mentioned length unit Center Pile Check this box if you want to add a pile at the center of the circle which is at 0 0 0 If you check this box program will automatically add an extra piles to the total count of number of piles By default program will create symmetric pile arrangement from the above input It will attempt to place equal number of piles to all layers It will create an additional layer for the remainder of piles Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 103 User can change the default setup by editing the layers table as shown below Apply Click on apply button to transfer pile layout to graphics and add to the current mat foundation job Please do remember to input appropriate origin coordinates to move the whole pile group to the right position Unit in bes Number of Piles 37 Number of circular layers ao Pile spacing 6 Origin x 0 Origin Y 0 Origin Z 0 Preview STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 104 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 6 3 4 Mesh generation As Mat foundation module is based on FEA analysis program needs to generate plate elements STAAD foundation has automatic mesh generation tools and it can generate both quadrilateral and triangular
146. for Mat only amp Add a Line Load for Mat only 65 Add a Quadrilateral Load for Mat only Sy Add a Circular Pressure Load for Mat only B Add Member Load Gy Add Uniform Load gt Add Concentrated Load gt Add Trapezoidal Load 5 Safety Factor Table gt Create New Load Combination 5 Remove Load Case 5 Job Setup gt Create a New Job gt Edit Current Job 5 Delete Job The Main Navigator pane handles the program flow and display of forms tables dialog boxes etc for entering your project data It is organized in a logical order allowing you to complete a project by working from the top to the bottom Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 7 It s primarily a tree control where the whole tree is divided in several groups The basic division is Global and Local data Information which will be used all through the project is called global data Column positions column dimension and loading are global data Data related to specific type of job like Isolated footing are known as local data Design parameters footing geometry are examples of local data The Main navigator pane represents all the major steps required to complete a foundation project The tree leaves under any group on navigational tree manage the display of forms that appear in the Data Area pane STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 8 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 4 Global Data The main na
147. formed for one slab face at a time So for all four faces the check should be performed for 4 times STAAD foundation User s Manual 6 34 Section 5 Indian Verification Problems Mat Capacity Check Grades eo ksi 7 Fe ja ksi 7 Covers Top cover 3 in v Bottom cover E in Rebar Bar size 4 X Spacing j 2 in Choose Slab Face Longitudinal Top 7 Plot Capacity Diagram Plot Plot Mat capacity check form Section 5 Indian Verification Problems 6 35 Y Detail Drawing le Layout Drawing Y Calculation Sheet V Strip Footing Graph Data Input Pane Moment i Capacity Mat Capacity Check a kip ft ft f p 692 Grades a 692 Fy 60 k E f ae rhi ei X i 692 Fe 4 8 30 692 o Covers 30 692 oO Top cover 3 in ba peee e a 692 Bottom cover 3 in z a 692 30 692 mbar Fa 692 Bar size 4 zi poe Spacing 12 in Fj g 692 poo Choose Slab Face Longitudinal Top x p 692 ai mm 30 692 Bsa Plot Capacity Diagram ea Plot Moment Diagram e Plot Failure Diagram Moment Capacity diagram plot for Longitudinal Top 4 7 Start Page _ Detail Drawing Layout Drawing Calculation Sheet Strip Footing Graph pb Data InputPane OOOO TX Moment Capacity 5 kip ttett 0 Grades E 598 Fy 60 ki z p r fa X 7 795 Fe 4 E 393 E Covers
148. g your mouse cursor A grid is created using the Grid Setup page under the Foundation Plan group Create a Pile Position Clicking On Grid Intersection Point STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 254 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment The Create a Pile Position Clicking on Grid Intersection Point icon allows you to place pile positions on grid intersection points using your mouse cursor A grid is created using the Grid Setup page under the Foundation Plan group i nt 4 255 ical Environme AD foundation Graphica ion 4 STAAD Section o Oo2 STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 256 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment nowo Plant Foundations Section 5 This section includes discussion on the following topics e Introduction e Vertical Vessel Foundation e Heat Exchanger Foundation STAAD foundation User s Manual 5 2 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 5 1 Introduction This section provides an overview of two new modules added in STAAD foundation 4 0 These modules are added keeping in mind the necessities of the fast growing plant industry Theses two modules are Vertical Vessel Foundation and Heat Exchanger Foundation These are completely wizard driven modules Wizard will guide the user to easily create the foundation step by step You will finish up a job just simply clicking on Nex button from the wizard and putting s
149. hickness will be used for FEM analysis of mat foundation and design thickness will be used to design the mat slab 4 120 STAAD foundation User s Manual Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 6 4 2 Soil Property Analysis properties 2 Slab thickness E 9 De Gy Pile spring Clicking on the Soil Property leaf opens a table in the Data Area pane that allows you to change and assign soil properties for the design of mat foundations Soil Property Use soil spring 0 040 As slab is added as a physical entity in STAAD foundation default soil property will be automatically created for each slab region But by default soil property will not be assigned to the region as the mat foundation could be supported on piles only If the soil spring is not assigned to the region value for subgrade modules will be shown in Red color Click on the Include soil spring check box to assign the soil property to the region If Include soil spring check box is checked value for subgrade modulus will be shown in blue color Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 121 4 6 4 3 Pile Spring 9 Analysis properties gt Slab thickness 5 Soil property Clicking on the Pile Spring leaf opens a table in the data area pane that allows you to edit the pile spring constant values for all the piles present in the current job STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 122 Section 4 STA
150. hing Setup a Centerx 0 Center Y 0 CenterZ 0 Radius 100 Number Of Sides 8 Orientation Angle 0 E Region preview The form generates any sided regular shaped polygon To generate the polygon you need to input Center of the polygon Specify X Y Z coordinate of polygon center STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 112 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment Radius Circular radius of the polygon where radius is the distance measured between center and each vertex of the polygon Number of sides Number of polygon sides For example enter 8 for an octagonal shaped polygon Orientation Angle This is the rotation angle of the polygon Change the angle to get your desired orientation Generate It will generate the polygon and will display in Region Preview window Please note the generation will be in XZ plane Add Region Add region will add the generated polygon to the main view area Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 113 4 6 3 4 2 Meshing Setup Meshing setup option allows you to add created region to the current job and then to generate mesh To add a region to the current job first select that region in the graphics Selected region will be highlighted There are three options to add a region It can be added as a boundary or as a hole or as a control region to an already created boundary STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 114 Section 4 ST
151. ical Member Cursor e Select Pile Cursor e Select Mat Boundary cursor e Create a Column Position Clicking On Grid Intersection Point e Create a Pile Position Clicking On Grid Intersection Point Add Beam The Add Beam Cursor icon allows you to add physical beams graphically Select this cursor and then click on two support nodes to create a beam between those two nodes Select Meshed Nodes Cursor The Select Meshed Nodes Cursor icon allows you to select only mesh nodes with your mouse cursor causing all other objects to be ignored Select Plates Cursor Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 253 The Select Plates Cursor icon allows you to select only plates with your mouse cursor causing all other objects to be ignored Select Physical Member Cursor The Select Physical Member Cursor icon allows you to select only physical members with your mouse cursor causing all other objects to be ignored Select Pile Cursor The Select Pile Cursor icon allows you to select only piles with your mouse cursor causing all other objects to be ignored Select Mat Boundary Cursor The Select Mat Boundary Cursor icon allows you to select only mat boundary with your mouse cursor causing all other objects to be ignored Create a Column Position Clicking On Grid Intersection Point The Create a Column Position Clicking on Grid Intersection Point icon allows you to place column positions on grid intersection points usin
152. ick Next WARNING This program is protected by copyright law and international treaties mE The first screen is a welcome screen Click on Next button to continue installation i STAAD foundation 4 InstallShield Wizard License Agreement Please read the following license agreement carefully EULA version 200501 A END USER LICENSE AGREEMENT FOR BENTLEY SOFTWARE IMPORTANT READ CAREFULLY This End User License Agreement EULA is a legal agreement between you either an individual or a single entity and Bentley Systems Incorporated Bentley for the Bentley software and associated documentation that accompanies this EULA which includes the associated media and Bentley internet based services v I accept the terms in the license agreement OI do not accept the terms in the license agreement Section 1 System Requirements Installation and Start up 1 7 Next screen is the license agreement By default the option is set to I do not accept the terms in the license agreement and Next button is grayed Select I accept the terms in the license agreement option to continue with the installation i STAAD foundation 4 InstallShield Wizard Destination Folder Click Next to install to this folder or dick Change to install to a different folder Install STAAD foundation 4 to C Staad foundation 4 Change Next screen allows user to choose destination folder By
153. id lines above the grid origin Bottom The Bottom field allows you to specify the number of grid lines below the grid origin Grid Direction The Grid Direction group box allows you to specify in what direction you would like to edit the grid using the table and commands available below Direction X The Direction X option allows you to edit the grid lines along the X axis STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 22 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment Direction Z The Direction Z option allows you to edit the grid lines along the Z axis Show Grid The Show Grid field toggles the display of the grid in the Graphics Window Save As Default Selecting Yes in this field will save the grid to be used in future projects Generate The Generate Grid command button creates the specified grid in the Graphics Window Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 23 Edit Grid Line s The table below allows you to edit the grid lines of a grid You can edit the grid lines by changing the values in the table or by using the command buttons Insert After The Insert After command button inserts a grid line after the row selected in the grid line table The value of that grid line will be automatically calculated by interpolating the values above and below that line Insert Before The Insert Before command button inserts a grid line before the row selected in the grid line table The va
154. ing Job Design Parameters gt Concrete amp Rebar Cover amp Soil sy Footing Geometry amp Sliding amp Overturning Click on Design leaf to design all the footings associated in the current job Program will list all design progress messages including warning and error messages in the bottom output pane It will help user to understand and review design progress Processing Node number 1 Set initial footing dimension as 3 417 X3 417 X10 00 Set footing dimension as 3 417 X3 417 X10 00 after checking service load conditions Set footing dimension as 3 417 X3 417 X10 00 after checking design load conditions Performing punching shear check After design is completed a new tab called Isofoot Design Summary will appear in output pane Click that tab to view design summary table You can copy this table by selecting it and then by pressing Ctrl C key which then can be pasted in Microsoft Excel or Word Secondary Steel Bar Spacing 453 in If you choose uniform thickness footing type the Isofoot Design Summary table will be as given above STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 70 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment If you choose Sloped footing type the Isofoot Design Summary table a new column Slope End Thickness will be added as shown below Length mat Thickness lope End th ma 1850 00 ma 0 2 42mm Slope End Thickness Program will automatically open calculation
155. ing this option will allow user to draw beam displacement diagram if present in current job The color picker control at right side of this checkbox allows user to choose a suitable color which will be used to draw beam displacement diagram Drawing options Displacement diagrams can be drawn as wireframe or as a true 3D solid diagram Draw line diagram option will draw a wireframe diagram of the displaced shape Draw 3D diagram will draw plates and beam displacements as 3D solid diagram Stress Contour There are three types of contours available 1 Plate Stress 2 Beam Stress 3 Soil Pressure If you select Show Plate Stress contour Select Stress Type drop down box will be enabled allowing you to choose stress type to display By default program shows stress type as None STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 140 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment Two categories of plate stress contours are available One set displays contour for plate local axis system and the other set shows global plate moment Local stresses are e Max Absolute e Max Top e Max Bottom e Max Von Mis e Max Von Mis Top e Max Von Mis Bottom e SX SY e SXY MX MY e MXY e SQX SQY Global moments are available for both MX and MZ After selecting suitable stress type program will display contour in graphics window along with a legend Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 141 Global Mx
156. inimum Bar Dia Minimum diameter of bar to use for design Maximum Bar Dia Maximum diameter of bar to use for design Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 5 23 5 2 8 Foundation Type Page As discussed earlier you have three options for foundation type They are octagonal footing on soil square pile cap and octagonal pile cap For the first one i e octagonal footing on soil you have to use soil foundation as shown below Foundation Type Soil Foundation O Pilecap Foundation Row Unit Ho Spaci Force Length Pile Data Lateral Uplift Number of Rows vertical Row Spacing Dia Edge Number of Columns Pile in Pilecap Column Spacing STAAD foundation User s Manual 5 24 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 5 2 9 Finish and Design Now click on Finish You will see a Vessel job is added to the tree view in the left side Main Navigator pane Now click on Design The design progress can be seen in the Output Window situated below And a detailed calculation sheet will come in the Calculation Sheet tab Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 5 25 5 3 Heat Exchanger Foundation Two types of Heat Exchanger are allowed to design They are Stacked Exchanger and Single Exchanger STAAD foundation User s Manual 5 26 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 5 3 1 Exchanger Geometry Page This is the firs
157. inputs are described with mentioning the section and table number of the code Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 5 13 User defined Wind Load Shear Value 0 kip Moment Value 0 kip in y Calculated Wind Load DESIGN WIND PRESSURE P 0 00256 Kd Kz Kat v2 1 G CF psf Wind Speed 0 mph Kd p Table 6 6 Kzfor Exp B x case 1 x K t 0 1 9 Table 6 G 0 cf Wind Speed You need to input the wind speed provided in the code in miles per hour unit Wind Directional Factor Kd Click on the button Table 6 6 This will show a table as below Choose any value of them and click OK to use it Else you can give your own value except those values Velocity Pressure Exposure Coefficient Kz STAAD foundation User s Manual 5 14 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment This is described in section 6 5 6 4 amp Table 6 5 Choose the required combination of combo boxes for them Topographic Factor Kzt This is defined in section 6 5 7 2 amp determined from figure 6 2 Importance Factor I Importance is defined in section 6 5 5 amp determined from figure 6 1 You can choose the value from a table like Kd or input your own value Catagory Y 85 100 mph fV gt 100 mph oo h h os ys Gust Effect Factor G This is the Gust Effect Factor and it is user defined Net Force Coefficie
158. ion oy Review History 5 Create New Vessel Foundation 5 Create New Heat Exchanger Foundation 4 3 Edit essel Footing 4 143 Vertical Vessel Footing 1 gt Edit gt Delete gt Design s Edit Heat Exchanger Footing 4 3 Heat Exchanger Footing 1 gt Edit gt Delete gt Design Later you can edit or delete any of them just clicking on Edit amp Delete in the tree leaf And on clicking on Design it will design the corresponding foundation Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 5 5 5 2 Vertical Vessel Foundation Three types of foundation are allowed to design for vertical vessel They are octagonal footing on soil square pile cap and octagonal pile cap The following articles describe all the pages of the wizard for vertical vessel STAAD foundation User s Manual 5 6 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 5 2 1 Geometry Page This is the first page of the wizard where you have to input all the relevant geometrical data Following picture shows the corresponding page Unit f Overburden and Buoyancy Depth to Water Table Dw 9 Soil Depth Ts 5 Footing Geometry Diameter Df Minimum 20 Maximum 22 Height TF Minimum 2 5 Maximum 2 5 Pedestal Geometry Diameter Dp 8 Thickness Tp 35 Vessel Geometry Effective Diameter Dve 12 Effective Height Hve 77 22 As you can see that a picture placed right to the page shows the di
159. ion Graphical Environment 4 195 Next Page The Next Page button displays the next page in a report If there is only one page in a report or you are at the last page in a report the button will be grayed out Prev Page The Prev Page button displays the previous page in a report If you are at the first page in a report the button will be grayed out Two Page The Two Page button allows you to display two pages of a report on the screen at a time Once you are in two page mode the text on the button will change to One Page If you click on the button again one page will be displayed on the screen at a time and the text on the button will change back to Two Page Zoom In The Zoom In button allows you to zoom in closer on a page of a report After you click on the Zoom In button your mouse cursor will change to a magnifying glass You may then zoom in on a portion of a report by clicking on the region you want to zoom in on Once you have zoomed in the Zoom In button will become grayed out You may return to the original viewing distance by clicking on the Zoom Out button Zoom Out The Zoom Out button allows you to zoom back out after zooming in on a page of a report The Zoom Out button is only active after zooming in on a page of a report Close The Close button removes the print preview window STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 196 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment Print Set
160. ion Graphical Environment 4 235 Add Point Load on Space This option allows user to create a point load on space This option is available only for mat foundation Click on any grid intersection point and the program will add a point load at that point After clicking on a grid intersection point a dialog box appears which will allow user to input load values for all six degrees of freedom Add Point Load STAAD foundation Add Point Load Force Position Force Unit m v Moment unit kip in Mij Length Unit in i Force along 0 x Coordinate A 0 Force along Y lo Force along Z o Aomen EA io o Z Coordinate 50 Moment about Y 0 Moment about Z 0 Y Coordinate a i Add Column reaction load This option allows user to add a reaction load to a support position After clicking on this icon click on any support node and a dialog box will appear allowing you to input load values Input load values and click on OK program will create the reaction load and assign to the selected support STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 236 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment STAAND foundation Add Reaction Loading Force Load values Force along x 0 Force Unit kip v es cl Force along Y 0 Moment unit kipin Ni Force alongZ 0 Moment about x 0 Moment about Y 9 Cancel Moment about Z 0 Add Line load This option allows user to add a line load on mat slab This opti
161. ion and Start up 1 1 1 2 1 3 1 5 Introduction Hardware Requirements Installation Running STAAD foundation Section2 Theoretical Basis 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 4 2 5 2 6 2 7 Introduction to Finite Element Analysis Element Load Specification Theoretical Basis Element Local Coordinate System Output of Element Forces Sign Convention of Element Forces STAAD foundation Program Theory Section3 Quick Tour 3 1 3 2 3 3 3 4 3 5 3 6 3 7 3 8 3 9 3 10 3 11 3 12 3 13 3 14 3 15 3 16 3 17 3 18 3 19 3 20 3 21 3 22 3 23 Introduction Starting a New Project Entering Support Coordinates Defining the Loads Using Jobs to Specify Design Constraints Entering Design Parameters Performing an Isolated Footing Design Importing Structural Geometry and Analysis Results from STAAD Pro Creating a New Job for a Mat Foundation Setting Up the Grid and Defining the Mat Boundary Creating a Mesh Specifying Slab Thickness Defining Soil Properties Analyzing the Slab Slab Design Pile Cap Example Entering Pile Data Entering Pile Cap Design Parameters Performing Pile Cap Design and Viewing Results Exporting Drawings to CAD Creating Strip Footing Job Strip Footing design parameters Creating Octagonal Footing Job 1 1 1 2 1 4 1 5 1 10 3 24 Entering Octagonal footing design parameters 3 22 Conclusion Section4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 1 4 2 4 3 4 4 4 5 Introduction STAAD foundation
162. ion is used to switch on off display of piles in graphics area Show Pile Numbers This option is used to display pile numbers Pile numbers will not be displayed if Show Piles option is switched off Show Load Arrows This option is used to display load arrows The color picker control next to it allows user to select a suitable color to draw load arrows Show Load Values This option is used to display load values next to the load arrows Show Physical Beams This option is used to display physical beams if present in the project The color picker control next to it allows user to select a suitable color to draw physical beams Draw Line 3D diagram Select this option to draw physical beam as a line or as a solid surface Beam property will be used to draw the rectangular beam shape Show Plates Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 239 This option is used to display plate elements if present in current job The color picker control next to it allows user to select a suitable color to draw meshed plates Draw 2D 3D Plates This option gives user a choice to display plates as 2d surface or a solid 3d diagram Show Plate Numbers This option is used to display plate numbers at the center of each plate This option won t display plate numbers if Show Plates is switched off Show Nodes This option is used to display plate nodes as blobs This option is switched off by default The color picker contr
163. istribution in the slab caused by the concentrated load As a result rather than using just a single element or a few elements a series or matrix of finite elements is often needed to model the behavior of a wall or slab This series of elements is commonly referred to as a mesh Once you have created a mesh incorporated it into a model and used it as a basis for further developing the model it can be difficult to go back later and Section 2 Theoretical Basis 2 5 change the size i e the density of the mesh Here are some suggestions that may help you determine the mesh size that you need e Try to predict the approximate deflected shape of the plate or slab For example a simply supported plate deflects like a bowl If you cut a section that intersects the middle of its edges the longitudinal section as well as the transverse section both look like a U How many points does one need to represent the U Probably four points for each half of the U would be a minimum number needed to be able to visualize the deflected shape Four points would mean there are three elements on each half of the U thus six elements each in the local X and Y directions would be required If the edges of the element are fixed or monolithic with a concrete beam the deflected shape is more like an inverted hat In this case one would perhaps need nine or more points to represent the deflected shape That means eight or more elements in that
164. it Type The Jobs Toolbar allows you to create select and edit jobs Jobs allow you to assign a set of constraints for STAAD foundation to use in performing a foundation design Each project may contain multiple jobs so that you can evaluate different design scenarios for a given set of physical conditions Update STAAD Database This utility is only useful if the global geometry of the foundation project was originally imported from STAAD Pro If the STAAD Pro results get changed after the foundation project is created this utility allows user to update current project s input database with the changed STAAD Pro output Clicking on this menu item will open a file open dialog box where you need to choose the original file which was imported Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 223 4 10 1 4 Save Picture Toolbar This icon allows you to save current screen to bitmap picture file STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 224 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 10 1 5 Change Job Toolbar Mat_Examp08 A The Change Job drop down list box allows you to select a job from a list of jobs you have created for the active project To change jobs simply select the job you wish to change to from the drop down list box If no jobs have been created for a project the drop down list box will be empty Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 225 4 10 1 6 Change Current Load Case T
165. items will appear in the active project report Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 215 Report Setup z a Items Available Selected isolated z Picture 2 Picture 1 The drop down list box under the heading Available allows you to choose the job to select items from Once a job is selected the list box under Available will contain the items existing for that particular job You can then use the gt button to transfer selected items to a report and the gt gt button to transfer all items to a report To remove items from a report use the lt button to remove selected items and the lt lt button to remove all items Print Preview The Print Preview icon opens a new window allowing you to view what the active report will look like when printed out STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 216 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment The following command buttons are available in the Print Preview window e Print e Next Page e Prev Page e Two Page e Zoom In e Zoom Out e Close Print The Print button opens a standard Windows print dialog box and allows you to print the active project report Next Page The Next Page button displays the next page in a report If there is only one page in a report or you are at the last page in a report the button will be grayed out Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 217 Prev Page The
166. ject s input database with the changed STAAD Pro output Clicking on this Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 207 menu item will open a file open dialog box where you need to choose the original file which was imported Set Column or Pedestal Dimension This option will only be enabled if any support position is selected Clicking on the menu item will open a dialog box which will allow user to set column or pedestal dimension Set Column Dimension C Consider Pedestal Column Type Rectangular Circular Unit lin v Column Depth 12 Column width 12 You can specify whether the column is rectangular or circular and input column dimension If you want to add a pedestal click on the option called Consider Pedestal It will change the input from column type to pedestal type For pedestal in addition to the plan dimension you can specify pedestal height Add Self Weight This option allows user to add self weight to the selected or all load cases This self weight definition is only applicable for Mat foundation as program will not add self weight of the mat slab by default For other types of footing like isolated or combined footing program automatically adds self weight for all service load cases Clicking on this button will open a dialog box where all load cases STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 208 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment in the project will be listed
167. kip in in 68 637 52 423 56 209 49 995 43 780 37 566 31 352 25 138 18 924 12 710 6 496 0 282 5 932 12 146 18 360 24 574 30 788 Show Soil Pressure If you choose stress contour type as Show Soil Pressure program will display soil pressure contour for the selected load case along with a legend Please note soil pressure values are directly related to soil bearing capacity If the maximum pressure exceeds soil bearing capacity you need to increase mat dimension and run the analysis again Base pressure for each node is calculated dividing the reaction of a plate node by the tributary area of that node Base Pressurd y kip in2 0 0 002 0 004 r 8 a 0 008 0 010 0 012 d 0 016 0 018 0 020 o S R 8 0 024 0 026 0 028 o fz 8 0 032 STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 142 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment Show Beam Stress This option is available only if the mat foundation includes physical beams After selecting show beam stress Select Stress Type under beam stress setup group will be enabled Select any stress type to view the contour along with a legend Available beam stress types are Axial stress 1 2 Bending Y stress 3 Bending Z stress 4 Combined stress Show Legend Use this option to switch on off legend display Plot contour on deflected shape Select this option to draw stress contour on the defl
168. kness Default Unit Type Default unit type to be used to setup design parameters Design Code Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 231 Concrete design code Program currently supports ACI BS 8110 and IS 456 codes Support assignment Select the supports to be assigned to the new mat job You have the option to include all supports or selected supports only Boundary Setup As it s a rectangular mat foundation we just need to define top left corner and then specify Length and Width values of the boundary The slab will always be in XZ plane Specify Y level of the slab too Meshing Select mesh generation technique to be used Program can generate either quadrilateral shaped plate element or triangular shaped plate element As it is a rectangular mat quadrilateral shape will be more commonly used However if the mat is supported on pile or the mat has line loads then triangular meshing is recommended Slab Property Define both analysis and design thickness of the slab Define soil subgrade modulus Please note the wizard will create the soil property of the slab but will not assign automatically Create Click on create button to generate a rectangular mat foundation job STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 232 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 10 1 8 Loading Toolbar Toh hdr Loading toolbar allows you to add selfweight and other physical load items like circula
169. lab Capacity Check Design parameters form for mat slab design has a new input now which will instruct program to design slab without considering check for minimum reinforcement Design Parameters Grades Fy fo si e i a Covers Top cover fi in z Bottom cover fi in s Rebar Size Min bar size 3 X Max bar size 11 v Rebar Spacing Max spacing f12 Jin T Min spacing 2 lin v I Consider Wood and Armer moments Ignore check for minimum reinforcement Result summary Details report Switching on off minimum reinforcement check Section 5 Indian Verification Problems 6 33 gt Mat slab design options gt Analyze gt Output View Options 5 Moment envelope generation 5 Design Parameters E Reinforcement Zoning 5 Cut slab by a line Sy Moment Capacity Check 5 Calculation sheet Moment Capacity Check A new tree leaf added in Mat slab design options category to check the capacity of existing mat slab Here program allows the user to define reinforcement layout and program calculates moment capacity of the slab based on slab thickness covers reinforcement layout etc User can plot capacity diagram actual moment diagram and then compare those two diagrams and plot failure or unity check diagram If at any portion of the slab actual moment is more than the moment capacity program will identify that portion with red color and plot failure diagram as shown below Check has to be per
170. lculations of the required reinforcing Use of the modified bending moments brings about more accurate distribution of the reinforcing better matching critical areas of the slab Flexural design notes Reinforcement calculations for slab panels are based on Chapter 10 of ACI 318 02 The minimum reinforcing ratio complies with the limits prescribed for shrinkage and temperature reinforcement in Section 7 12 Maximum spacing of rebar is 18 in The maximum reinforcing ratio corresponds to the net tensile strain at nominal strength equal to 0 004 Clause 10 3 5 Strength reduction factor is established in accordance with Section 9 3 2 STAAD foundation User s Manual 2 26 Section 2 Theoretical Basis Punching shear design notes Design for two way shear is carried out in accordance with Section 11 12 The unbalanced moment transfer by eccentricity of shear is based on Clause 11 12 6 Shear strength of concrete is based on Clause 11 12 2 1 Strength reduction factor used is 0 75 in accordance with Section 9 3 2 The program computes shear stress values at four corners of the rectangular critical section located at the distance of d 2 from edges of a column The calculations include the unbalanced moment transfer effect if applicable in accordance with 11 12 6 2 4 Strip Footing design The program uses the following criteria d Soil bearing capacity e Shear and flexural strength of footing no shear reinforcing
171. le E Pile Reaction Table for Support No 1 x ee 19 457 20 382 A S il 19 872 1 507 0 000 7 367 1 430 2195 0 000 39 329 2 101 0 000 27 749 1 963 0 000 Select Arrangement The Select Arrangement button allows you to select the current pile arrangement for the design of the pile cap If you do not want to use the current pile arrangement recalculate the arrangement or input the pile coordinates again manually STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 80 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 6 2 2 Pile Layout Parametric Clicking on Pile Layout Parametric leaf opens a form in the Data Area pane that allows you to specify pile arrangement for a pile cap Parametric page allows you to input rectangular and circular pile arrangement If circular arrangement is chosen the program will design that pile cap as Octagonal Pile Cap Pile Arrangement Parametric Support for Pile Arrangement 1 v Unit l Force kip Wg Length Dia 10 Pile Data Lateral 40 Uplift 40 Edge 18 Vertical 60 Pile in Pilecap 3 Rectangular Number of Rows 4 O Circular Row Spacing 36 Number of Columns 4 Column Spacing 36 ea Create Pile Arangement Select Current Arangement 2 Show Pile Reaction Row Spacing Column Spacing Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 81 The following
172. left over hang for design Minimum Right over hang length Start length of right over hang for design Minimum Width Start width for design Minimum Thickness Start thickness for design Maximum length If Calculate Dimension is chosen then the maximum range of length to check Maximum Width Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 175 If Calculate Dimension is chosen then the maximum range of width to check Maximum Thickness If Calculate Dimension is chosen then the maximum range of thickness to check Length Increment Increment of length required for the iteration process of design if Calculate Dimension Is chosen Thickness Increment Increment of thickness required for the iteration process of design if Calculate Dimension Is chosen Set as Default As described earlier STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 176 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 7 3 4 Design Next click on Design The design progress report will be generated in the Design Progress Report window Processing Footing Cl Starting Design Phase DE DE PE PE DE DE DE DE DAE DE DE DE E DE DE D D DE DE DE DE D D D DE DE E Processing Load Case 1 for Factored Design DE D DE E E E DE DA E D DE DE DE D D D E DE DE D E D D DE E E Footing design processed SUCCESSFUL A detailed calculation sheet will be generated in the
173. lows you to use the values inputted in the Design Parameters form as the default values for future projects STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 88 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 6 2 4 Design 5 Pile Cap Job 5 Pile Layout Predefined gt Pile Layout Parametric 5 Design Parameters Gi Design Click on Design leaf to design all the footings associated in the current job Program will list all design progress messages including warning and error messages in the bottom output pane It will help user to understand and review design progress Processing Node number 1 Setting design parameters Calculating pile cap thickness Organizing data for critical load case Thickness Calculating reinforcement Organizing data for critical load case Reinforcement ld 4 gt bl Design Progress Report Pile Cap Design Summary After design is completed a new tab called Pile Cap Design Summary will appear in output pane Click that tab to view design summary table You can copy this table by selecting it and then by pressing Ctrl C key which then can be pasted in Microsoft Excel or Word 8 18 00 in 8 8 18 00 in Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 89 Program will automatically open calculation sheet which presents detailed step by step calculation with relevant code clause numbers equations and corresponding calculated values Calculation sheet is organized in a
174. lue of that grid line will be automatically calculated by interpolating the values above and below that line Delete The Delete command button deletes the selected row in the grid line table Radial Grid The Radial grid allows you to create a circular grid STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 24 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment Division along circumfer Division along radius Radial Grid Table Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 25 Grid Origin The Grid Origin group box allows you to specify the origin of the grid Unit The Unit field allows you to select the current length unit of the grid system You can change the unit by clicking on that field and selecting desired unit from the drop down list Origin X The Origin X field allows you to specify the X coordinate of the grid origin Origin Y The Origin Y field allows you to specify the Y coordinate of the grid origin Origin Z The Origin Z field allows you to specify the Z coordinate of the grid origin Radius and Division The Radius and Division group box allows you to specify the inner and outer radius of the grid and grid divisions STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 26 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment Inner Radius of the Grid The Inner Radius of the Grid field allows you to specify the inner radius of the grid using the units sel
175. mand buttons Insert After The Insert After command button inserts a grid line after the row selected in the grid line table Insert Before The Insert Before command button inserts a grid line before the row selected in the grid line table Delete The Delete command button deletes the selected row in the grid line table 4 28 STAAD foundation User s Manual Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 4 2 2 Column Positions Foundation Plan gt Linear Grid Setup gt Radial Grid Setup 5 Column Dimension The Column Positions button opens a spreadsheet table in the Data Area pane that allows you to input column positions in Cartesian XYZ coordinates Column Position After column coordinates are entered the columns along with their respective node numbers are displayed in the Graphics Window The tab key or arrow keys may be used to move from one cell to the next in the table The coordinates in the table can be modified like any spreadsheet In order to delete a column select the column in the Graphics Window by clicking on it Then either press the delete key on your keyboard or use the Menu Bar command Edit Delete Note A column will not be shown in the Graphics Window until you hit Enter or click outside of the row you are currently in Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 29 4 4 2 3 Column Dimensions 9 Foundation Plan gt Linear Grid Set
176. maximum stress of all stress types among all load cases along with plate and load number 1 0 015921 0 000000 49 995811 26 713346 4 157263 108 1 0 302032 0 014793 0 000000 0 000000 0 000000 50 613258 27 294970 2 959754 1096 i 0 007524 0 254060 0 000000 0 000000 0 000000 52 232689 10 750283 0 807425 150 1 0 016595 0 305387 0 000000 0 000000 0 000000 _ s5 269028 19 792627 0 649519 1 ie 0 003575 0 006584 0 000000 0 000000 0 000000 1 022040 1 121771 _ 0 813954 1 1 0 003575 0 006564 0 000000 0 000000 0 000000 1 022040 1 121771 0 813954 1 1 0 002575 0 006564 0 000000 0 000000 10 000000 1 022040 1 121771 0 813954 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 137 4 6 5 9 Pile Reaction If the mat is supported by piles there will be an additional Pile Reaction table will be added in Output pane Pile Reaction table displays reaction forces on all piles present in current job Piles are treated as spring support where all rotational degrees are released So the table displays three translational reactions for each pile 0 01133845 54 36353 0 1661929 0 001171363 40 76259 0 003984433 0 03511672 30 05718 0 03207626 0 03981937 19 89219 0 01796152 0 0005544513 9 003304 0 00124602 0 0002315116 1 41415 0 0004449158 4 097655e 005 49 85878 0 0006839456 STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 138
177. ment 4 button to include all load cases which will be multiplied by the specified factor To remove a load case from the Load Combinations select the load case in the grid on the bottom and click the button To remove all load cases click on the Zu button Finally click on Create Job to create a new job Please note new job will be set as current job and will be shown in Change Job dropdown toolbar Mat_Examp08 1 1 4DL 1 7LL Strip Combined footing If we select Job Type as combined a new set of controls appear at the bottom of the Job Setup form Those controls will initially be grayed out Click on Create Job to activate those controls Strip Footing Strip footing setup E Footing C1 Support 2 Support 3 A Create from Selected Nodes Delete Select two or more collinear supports in main view and then click on Create from Selected Nodes button to add those supports as strip footing Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 57 Edit Current Job 4 5 2 Click on Edit Current Job leaf under Job Setup group to edit the current job setup All the fields in job setup can be edited except Job Type If you need to change the list of assigned support you can use any of the assignment options as discussed earlier By default support assignment option is set as Assign to Listed supports Strip 1 Job Type Combined Design Code US
178. mesh for any shape and size It has two categories 1 Add meshing region 2 Meshing setup Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 105 4 6 3 4 1 Add meshing region This section is used to create meshing regions which are mat boundary holes control regions etc Four methods are used to create meshing regions which are e Using polyline e Add a rectangular region e Add a circular region e Regular polygon STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 106 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 6 3 4 1 1 Using polyline The Using polyline option allows you to draw on the grid a mat boundary that represents the edge of a slab To draw a mat boundary click in sequence on the points on the grid going in either a clockwise or a counter clockwise order Once you have clicked on all the points that define the boundary of your slab return to your starting point or right click You will see a blue closed polygon defining the boundary you have created In the figure below blue lines indicate those points are already clicked and yellow lines shows possible closed polygon connectivity Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 107 4 6 3 4 1 2 Add a rectangular region Clicking on Add a rectangular region option will open a form in data area pane that allows you to create a rectangular region Data Input Pane A K Rectangular Boundary Define Rectangular Region Unit x coordi
179. n Open Save The Save icon brings up the save file dialog box the first time the icon is clicked and allows you to save the active project to a file STAAD foundation File saving Save in Examples 4 2 rem Verification Ea ex08 afs Ed ex08_slabDesign0 afs Ea ex08iso afs I ex08pie_iso afs File name ex08pile_iso afs ik Save as type STAAD foundation Files afs v Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 213 STAAD foundation projects are saved with an afs file extension After a project has been saved to a file clicking on the Save icon again will simply save any updates made to the project to the file specified when you first saved the project STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 214 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 10 1 2 Print Toolbar a aR g The Print Toolbar allows you to perform print related operations for project reports The Print Toolbar contains the following toolbar icons e Take Picture e Report Setup for Printing e Print Preview e Print Take Picture The Take Picture icon takes a snapshot of the Graphics Window Pictures taken will then be selectable items when creating reports via the Report Setup for Print dialog box Pictures are grouped together with the job they are created in Report Setup for Printing The Report Setup for Print icon opens a dialog box allowing you to select what
180. n Positions e Column Dimensions STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 16 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 4 2 1 Grid Setup 5 Foundation Plan gt Radial Grid Setup 5 Column Position E Column Dimension Clicking on the Linear Grid Setup leaf opens a form in the Data Area pane that allows you to define a linear grid which will be displayed in the Graphics Window for you to create foundation geometry on Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 17 Lines left to origin Lines right to origin Lines top of origin Lines bottom of origin Grid Direction Show Grid Save As Default You may use the form to draw a grid in the Graphics Window The grid allows you to specify your foundation geometry by snapping to the intersections of the grid lines You can control the location of STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 18 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment the grid origin with respect to the global coordinate system You can also specify the number of grid lines and the spacing between lines The grid lines may be spaced equally apart or you can specify the spacing of each individual grid line Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 19 Linear The Linear Grid form allows you to create a linear grid Grid Origin The Grid Origin group box allows you to specify the origin of the grid Uni
181. n a pile cap with the given data Load Fy 2000KN MZ 300 KN m Spacing 900 mn Pile in Pile Cap 75 mm Bottom Cover 100 mm Edge Distance 275 mm No of Pile 9 fe 15 MPa fy 415 MPa Column Dimension 500mm x 500mm Ultimate Load Factor 1 5 2000 KN i i e HER HE bY Howe Hoe Ho 9 of n l ke 900 e e 900 150 4250 pee H 600 gt 250 150 2350 al I y Section 5 Indian Verification Problems 6 17 Solution Pile reaction 1 5x2000 1 5x300x0 9 1 _ 416 667 KN 9 6x 0 9 x 0 9 1 5x2000 1 5x300x0 9 P2 416 667 KN 9 6x 0 9 x 0 9 1 5x2000 1 5x300x0 9 P3 416 667 KN 9 6x 0 9x0 9 1 5x 2000 P4 333 333 KN 1 5x 2000 P5 333 333 KN 1 5x 2000 P6 333 333 KN 1 5x2000 1 5x300x0 9 P7 250 KN 9 6x 0 9x 0 9 1 5x2000 1 5x300x0 9 P8 250 KN 9 6x 0 9x 0 9 1 5x2000 1 5x300x0 9 P9 250 KN 9 6x 0 9x 0 9 Bending moment at critical section at column face M along length 3 x 416 667 x 0 65 812 5 KN m M along width 416 667 333 3334 250 x 0 65 KN m 650 KN m STAAD foundation User s Manual 6 18 Section 5 Indian Verification Problems Assuming 850 mm overall depth and 12 mm bar Effective depth de 850 100 75 6 669 mm 700 Kaumax Na oe fan ee 1100 0 87 fy 0 479 Rumax 0 36 x fe x Kumax X 1 0 42 Kam
182. n for reinforcement Section 5 Indian Verification Problems 6 27 The two tables represent these two load combinations i e Allowable Load Combination and Ultimate Load Combination The cells represent the factors to be added with the primary load cases depending upon the rules of the US Standard After adding load cases clicking on the Generate Load Combination Button for the specific table the loads will be generated with the factors taken from the table and will be added in the Load Tree The child node of each load combination node will represent the Load Case and the factors multiplied with it The load combination number starts from 101 and you can also give load combination number of your own choice If the number exists the load combination number is automatically incremented with each new load combination as Load Comb and the number You can create any number of load combination and can save it using an INI file This file exits in the program installation directory as ACILOAD INI This saved load combination will be application specific i e they are independent of file saving 6 28 STAAD foundation User s Manual Section 5 Indian Verification Problems Following figure shows the load combination page after clicking generate load combination button Load Combination Input STAAD foundation Load Combination Allowable Load Combination Update Table Load Description Tree E L
183. nate at Top left comer Z coordinate at Top left corner Length 41 Z1 lt Y Level Length It s a very simple self explanatory form where you need to input coordinates for top left corner on XZ plane and then specify the length and width of the rectangle you are about to create Click on Add Region and that will create a rectangular region in main view area STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 108 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 109 4 6 3 4 1 3 Add a circular region Clicking on Add a circular region option will open a form in data area pane that allows you to create a circular region Circular Boundary Define Circular Region Unit in x coordinate at center Z coordinate at center oo Radius Y Level po It s a very simple self explanatory form where you need to input coordinates for the center of the circle on XZ plane and then specify radius of the circle Click on Add Region and that will create a circular region in main view area STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 110 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 111 4 6 3 4 1 4 Regular Polygon Clicking on Regular Polygon option will open a form in data area pane that allows you to create regular shaped convex polygonal region Mes
184. nd Redo by pressing Ctrl y Area of Implementation There are some specific operations on which we have presently implemented the feature mentioned below They are 1 Addition of Footing Whenever we add any wrong footing or unnecessary footing we can remove it by clicking the left one i e Undo in rectangle 2 Deletion of Footing Suppose a footing has deleted but it is required to be there in its original position In this situation one can implement the feature Redo i e the right one in the mentioned recta Section 5 Indian Verification Problems 6 31 3 Addition of Load Case Just added new load cases can be removed by clicking on Undo if it becomes unnecessary 4 Deletion of Load Case If any deleted load case become necessary to be inserted which is just deleted one can solve that problem by click on Redo 5 Addition of Load Item Just added load items can be easily deleted by clicking on Undo if it is not needed 6 Deletion of Load Item Deleted load item can be needed sometimes in that moment we can resolve the problem on clicking on Redo 7 Create job Using this option we can create a new job and the new job can be deleted by clicking on Undo 8 Delete job We have implemented the Redo feature over here to regain the deleted job that is required to be there STAAD foundation User s Manual 6 32 Section 5 Indian Verification Problems Mat S
185. nd toggles the display of the status bar on and off The Status Bar is positioned at the bottom of the STAAD foundation screen and displays a variety of helpful information depending on which part of the program you are using and which command is currently active When you hold your mouse cursor over a toolbar button the left side of the Status Bar displays an explanation on how to use the command associated with that particular button When you hold your mouse cursor over a menu command the left side of the Status Bar displays an explanation of what that menu command does Application Look STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 202 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment STAAD foundation offers 5 different application look to choose from Program uses Office 2003 look by default Office 2000 Office XP Office 2003 Visual Studio NET 2005 Windows XP Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 203 4 9 4 Tools Menu The Tools menu contains commands for manipulating the structure geometry managing jobs and adding self weight Rectangular Mat wizard Update STAAD Database Add Self Weight The Tools menu contains the following menu commands e Move Selected Entities e Rectangular Mat wizard e Update STAAD Database e Set Column or Pedestal Dimension e Add Self weight STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 204 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment Move Selected
186. ne dialog box Save your work Pull down the File menu and select the Save command STAAD foundation User s Manual 3 70 Section 3 Quick Tour 3 16 Pile Cap Example Now let us create a new job inside this same project to illustrate the process for designing a pile cap Click on the Create a new Job leaf under Job Setup group in main navigator pane The Create a New Job form will open in data area pane Enter job name as PileCap Choose Job type as Pile Cap and design code as US Select support node 1 in main view Support assignment type will be automatically switched to Assign to selected support Transfer both load cases to Selected load cases by clicking button Now click on Create Job button to create a new job to design footing 1 as pile cap Section 3 Quick Tour 3 71 Loading rs Available Load Cases i ca gt EZ Selected Load Cases 1 1 4DL 1 7LL 2 75 1 4DL 1 7LL 1 7L Enter a name for the job in the New Job Name edit box Notice that your New Job Name now appears in the drop down menu in the Jobs toolbar eco STAAD foundation User s Manual 3 72 Section 3 Quick Tour 3 17 Entering Pile Data Also please note main navigator tree is now changed with pile cap related controls For pile cap jobs a unique group called Pile Cap Job will be created in the main navigator pane Pile Cap Job g
187. nforcing zone that the element belongs to Create Block Click on this button to divide the slab into block shaped areas based on the reinforcement zones generated by the Create Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 153 Reinforcing Zones command These rectangular areas are created to allow a practical layout of the various sizes of reinforcing steel D o STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 154 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment Steel Detailing Click this button to plot the location of the reinforcing steel bars on ih i ll the model view Zone editing Even after block generation reinforcement zones may not become regular rectangular blocks So the program has an option to visually adjust those zones to form rectangular regions Select Zone Select the current zone to be edited He drop down box will show color and zone number Select Nodes Clicking on select nodes button will change the button status and will allow user to select grid points to be edited Click on the graphics and draw a rubber band to select nodes Nodes will be highlighted in yellow color Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 155 Reset zone Click on reset zone button to edit the selected points Current zone will be assigned to the selected node Please note that if Lock Higher Zone option is selected program will not overwrite higher zone with lower zone This
188. nt Cf Value of Cf according to table T6 10 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 5 15 5 2 5 Seismic Load Generation Page Inputs for seismic load can be given in two ways same as for wind load You can directly input the shear force amp moment values with choosing the proper unit or you can use the software to calculate those values using ASCE 7 2005 Check the Directly Input Seismic Load check box to use your own calculated value for shear force and moment Directly Input Seismic Load Sesimic Ground Motion Values Shear Value 0 Unit kip v Moment Value 0 Unit kip in iv Seismic Response Coefficient Parameters Else uncheck the above said check box to use the software to calculate the values for you Again that can be done in two ways You can select US Zip code to get the parametric values or else you can provide their values from your own knowledge STAAD foundation User s Manual 5 16 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment Cl Directly Input Seismic Load Sesimic Ground Motion Values O Select using Zip Code Enter Value Manually 1 0 55 0 Site Class la Iv Seismic Response Coefficient Parameters Response Modification Factor R 2 y Occupancy Importance Factor I 1 00 y Select using Zip Code Choose Select using Zip Code This will populate the Select Zip combo box and then choosing any one of them will fill up the o
189. ntaining information on the version of STAAD foundation you re currently running The information in the dialog box includes product name release number and build number In addition the physical address web address and phone numbers for the Research Engineers International is displayed Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 245 About StaadF oundation StaadFoundation Version 4 0 D Build 1 0 j Ve Copyright 2007 Research Engineers International Research Engineers International Headquarters Bentley Solutions Center 22700 Savi Ranch Pkwy Yorba Linda C4 92887 4608 Phone 714 974 2500 Fax 714 974 4771 e mail support bentley com web http www bentley com Staad foundation Research Engineers Intl 4 Bentley Solutions Center http www bentley com http Awww_bentley com Staad foundation STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 246 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 10 3 Rotate Toolbar View From Top Right Side View Isometric View Front View 7 R9RRAAA Back View Left Side View View From Bottom The Rotate Toolbar contains two sets of icons view and rotate The view icons allow you to change the viewing angle in the main view pane with respect to the global axis system The rotate icons allow you to rotate the foundation about the origin The Rotate Toolbar contains the following toolbar icons e Front View
190. o it appears in sky color On clicking the Generate Load Combination Button as shown in the above figure the load combination for the added load cases will be generated Section 5 Indian Verification Problems 6 29 Update Table Initially the page shows all the load combination saved in the INI file You can add new load combination simply by adding factors in the table Check on the check box in the second row to use the load combination If you save a file with those load combination then the load combination will be only saved to that file but not in INI file To save the load combination in the INI file you need to click on Update Table You can also manually change the INI file Delete To delete a load combination select a row and then click on Delete to delete any particular load combination from the list But to delete any combination from the INI file you need to click on Update Table after clicking on Delete STAAD foundation User s Manual 6 30 Section 5 Indian Verification Problems Undo Redo Undo stands for cancel out the recent operation and Redo stands for insert which is just deleted canceled Only by clicking anyone can rectify the work D k 5 3m x amp 2 sa A Gd El UNDO REDO The above figure is to give a clear idea about the position of Undo Redo in toolbar The rectangular area indicates Undo Redo One can do Undo by pressing Ctrl z a
191. oad Case 1 Dead E Load Case 2 Seismic E Load Comb 101 1 000 x DL Dead x 1 000 C Load Comb 102 1 000 x DL 0 700 X EL Dead x 1 000 Seismic X 0 700 A 0 000 0 000 0 000 0 000 0 000 0 000 0 000 ooo Load Comb 103 1 000 x DL 0 525 X EL A 0 000 0 000 0 000 0 000 0 000 0 000 4 Dead x 1 000 Vv 0 000 0 000 0 000 0 000 0 000 0 000 Seismic X 0 525 v 0 000 0 000 0 000 0 000 E Load Comb 104 0 600 x DL Vv 0 000 0 000 0 000 0 000 Dead x 0 600 K 0 000 0 000 0 000 0 000 0 000 0 000 3 iva 0 000 0 000 000 0 000 ooo Y a eae gt parecer E A Load Combination Generation Completed Ultimate Load Combination ey Load Title Load Case Type Primary Dead 5 K 0 000 0 000 0 000 0 000 0 000 0 000 0 000 0 000 K 0 000 0 000 0 000 0 000 3 None K 0 000 0 000 0 000 0 000 a Vv 0 000 0 000 0 000 0 000 0 000 0 000 0 000 Add Self Weight Yes K 0 000 0 000 0 000 0 000 0 000 0 000 0 000 w 0 000 0 000 0 000 0 000 0 000 0 000 0 000 A 0 000 0 000 0 000 0 000 0 000 0 000 ooo Y a 2 Load Combination No 101 Generate Load Combination Generate Load Combination Button The first column indicates the index of the load combination The second column has a check Check on the check boxes of the combination which you want to use The cell with zero values appears in gray color where as with values other than zer
192. ograms dation gt Y License Administrator gt Tutorials gt 2 STAAD foundation Online Documentation Create New Project General Foundation Plant Foundation Tutorial 4 Open Existing Project Examples If you re a first time user unfamiliar with STAAD foundation we suggest that you go through the Quick Tour presented in Section 3 of this manual o7 Oo2 Section 1 System Requirements Installation and Start up 1 11 2 1 Theoretical Basis Section 2 This section includes discussion on the following topics e Introduction to Finite Element Analysis e Element Load Specification e Theoretical Basis e Element Local Coordinate System e Output of Element Forces e Sign Convention of Element Forces e STAAD foundation Program Theory STAAD foundation User s Manual 2 2 Section 2 Theoretical Basis 2 1 Introduction to Finite Element Analysis If you want to model a surface entity like a wall a roof or a slab where the load is distributed in more than one direction you need a surface entity to carry that kind of loading The kind of entity that is used to model a beam or a column cannot be used to model a slab We need to use another kind of structural entity known as a finite element In a finite element analysis you take a wall or a slab and subdivide it into smaller parts consisting of triangles or quadrilaterals Finite elements are often referred
193. oil Footing Geometry gt Design Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 169 4 7 3 1 Concrete and Rebar Here you have to give all the necessary inputs related to concrete and reinforcement bar to be used Concrete and Rebar Concrete OVO VaAvVaAvVSGavrn STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 170 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment Unit weight of Concrete Unit weight of concrete with proper unit Minimum Bar Spacing Minimum spacing of bar to use for design Maximum Bar Spacing Maximum spacing of bar to use for design Fe Strength of concrete Fy Strength of steel Minimum Bar Dia Minimum diameter of bar to use for design Maximum Bar Dia Maximum diameter of bar to use for design Set as Default Set Yes to save the data set for the application so that each time you create such job these fields will be populated with this value set Else set No Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 171 4 7 3 2 Cover and Soil In this page you have to enter parameters related to clear covers and soil data Cover and Soil in in kipsin3 kipsin2 STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 172 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment Pedestal Clear Cover Clear cover to be used for the pedestal Footing Clear Co
194. oint is clicked on the screen program will calculate the X Z coordinates of those points and fill up the form start and end coordinates By specifying coordinates Select this option to input X Z coordinates of the start and end points of the axis By default program shows a global X axis as longitudinal axis Division along longitudinal axis Number of slab divisions along longitudinal axis It must be a positive number Program uses 60 as default value Division along transverse axis Number of slab divisions along transverse axis It must be a positive number Program uses 60 as default value Select load type Shear and reinforcement design for foundation are done only for ultimate factored load combinations User has the option here to choose only load cases defined as ultimate or all load cases assigned to the current job Generate Moment envelope Click on this button to create grid and calculate moment envelope on the grid intersection points STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 148 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 6 6 2 Design Parameters Clicking on the Design Parameters opens a form in data area pane which allows you to input design parameters design current panel and review design results Design Parameters Grades Fy 60 ksi v Fe 4 ksi k Covers Top cover 1 in v Bottom cover 1 in v Rebar Size Min bar size 3
195. ol next to it allows user to choose a suitable color to draw plate nodes Show Node Numbers This option is used to display node numbers next to the plates nodes This option won t display node numbers if Show Nodes is switched off Show Boundary and Holes This option is used to display boundary and holes created for mat foundation STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 240 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 10 1 10 Scale Setup Toolbar The Scales page allows you to control the scale at which displacements loads and drawing entities like footings and piles are displayed on the model If the structure s loads or deformed shape are not clearly visible in the Graphics Window when the options to display them are turned on you may need to change the scaling values The following commands are available Scale setup Result Scales Displacement 0 033 H Loading Scales Point Load 75 Point Moment 100 S w K Distributed Load 100 g S S S Pressure Load 100 Modeling Scales Footing Width 100 Pile Length 100 C Set As Default e Results Scales e Loading Scales e Modeling Scales e Set As Default Results Scales This group allows you to change the displacement scale of a mat foundation Displacement diagram is only available for mat foundation after a successful analysis Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4
196. om to 25 piles Based on the user input the program recommends the most economical least number of piles layout The user may select any other layout quantity if desired however In addition changing the coordinates of individual piles may modify the selected pile layout Alternatively the user may input the entire configuration by hand The layout recommended by the program is guaranteed to satisfy the load capacity ratio for all piles Should the user modified or manually input layouts result in pile overstressing the program will flag this deficiency in the design output 2 22 STAAD foundation User s Manual Section 2 Theoretical Basis Step 2 Design of Pile Cap Proportioning of the pile cap involves satisfying the shear one and two way and bending requirements at applicable critical sections in accordance with Chapter 15 of ACI 318 02 One way shear is checked in two areas i At outer piles with the critical section located at a min distance d from the face of a corner pile or faces of a pile group along the edge of the footing ii At the distance d from two orthogonal faces of the pedestal The critical shear plane is assumed along a shortest straight line connecting free edges of the footing The design is then performed for the total pile reaction force on one side of the shear plane in accordance with Sections 11 1 through 11 5 Two way shear is checked in three areas i At outer pile
197. ome input values However you can directly jump to any page using a tree control on the left side of the wizard pane Following picture shows the tree control Plant Foundation essel Footing Geometry Primary load cases Time Period Wind Load Generation Seismic Load generation Load Combination Design Parameters Foundation Type Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 5 3 5 1 1 Help Creating a New Plant Setup Job Go to the Start Page of STAAD foundation 4 0 Choose Plant Foundation Create New Project General Foundation Plant Foundation Tutorial Open Existing Project Examples oe itled afs 40 KB This will crate the GUI for plant setup In the left side of the window there will be a tree control in the Main Navigator pane as the following figure shows Main Navigator a x 4 O STAAD foundation Member 4 23 Project Info E General Information gt Review History 5 Create New Vessel Foundation 5 Create New Heat Exchanger Foundation STAAD foundation User s Manual 5 4 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment Here you will see two leafs for Vertical Vessel Foundation and Heat Exchanger Foundation Click on one which you want to use You can create many vessels as well as heat exchangers as you wish The created jobs will be listed in the tree view as follows Main Navigator ax 4 STAAD foundation Member 4 3 Project Info 5 General Informat
198. on User s Manual 4 72 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 6 2 Pile Cap Pile Cap job type has a unique group for local data called Pile Cap Job The Pile Cap Job group allows you to specify pile arrangement for each pile cap and design parameters and is only active for pile cap job types The Pile Cap Job group contains the following elements e Pile Layout Predefined e Pile Layout Parametric e Design Parameters e Design Pile Cap Job gt Pile Layout Predefined gt Pile Layout Parametric 5 Design Parameters E Design Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 73 4 6 2 1 Pile Layout Predefined 5 Pile Cap Job gt Pile Layout Parametric 9 Design Parameters Gy Design Clicking on Pile Layout Predefined leaf opens a form in the Data Area pane that allows you to specify pile arrangement for a pile cap Predefined page has a set of predefined pile layout and program can automatically choose the best possible pile arrangement STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 74 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment Pile Arrangement Predefined Support for Pile Arrangement Pile Capacity Unit kip X Lateral 40 Vertical 60 Uplift 40 reo sacro T In Pile Arrangement Type Auto Arrangement Calculate Manual Arrangement Column location at 0 0 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 75
199. on Create New Project General Foundation Help Plant Foundation Tutorial Open Existing Project Examples STAAD foundation User s Manual 3 4 Section 3 Quick Tour You may start a project from the File menu You may start a New file Open an existing file or Import an analyzed file from STAAD Pro File Edit View Tools Help Plant Setup Import Luntitled afs 2 G1581MME MAT_FDN_r ib afs 3 C Temp Mat afs 4C Temp tank Lafs Exit To start a new project pull down the File menu and select the New menu command Then select foundation type as General Setup Program will add additional tabs in the main window to support general foundation design setup as shown in the following figure a cee eS ey 2 Section 3 Quick Tour 3 5 This introduces the multi pane window environment with tabbed views of STAAD foundation As seen in the figure above a project is divided into 4 separate panes The left most pane 1 is called the Main Navigator It contains the tree by which user will navigate to the different pages within STAAD foundation The different pages contain forms or grids used to provide input data The Main navigator is arranged from top to bottom in a logical design sequence If you start at the top tree leaf and work your way down you will be able to input all the data needed to perform a successful design Note STAAD foundation consists
200. on is only useful for mat foundation Click on any grid intersection point and that point will become the first point of the line Drag mouse cursor and click on second grid intersection point a dialog box will appear allowing you to input load value and modify coordinates Add Line Load x STAAN foundation Add Line Loading Force Unit P v Length Unit in v Force 1 Y Position 0 x 4 zi 70 x2 10 zz 60 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 237 4 10 1 9 View options Toolbar This option allows you to control graphics display by switching on off certain options It also has options to change color of certain entities The following commands are available Modeling View Options Support Show Supports Show Support Numbers Piles Show Piles Show Pile Numbers Loading Show Load Arrows C Show Load Values Beams Show Physical Beams Draw Line Diagram Draw 3D diagram Plates Show Plates Draw 2D Plates Draw 3D Plates C Show Plate Numbers Meshed Nodes C Show Nodes my C Show Node Numbers Show Boundary and Holes Show Support Switch on to view supports in the graphics STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 238 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment Show Support Numbers This option is used to display support numbers Support numbers will not be displayed if Show Supports option is switched off Show Piles This opt
201. onment 4 10 4 Zoom Toolbar Zoom Vindow Zoom In Pan jaaaart Zoom Out Zoom All The Zoom Toolbar allows you to alter the viewing distance of the objects in the Graphics Window The Zoom Toolbar contains the following toolbar icons e Zoom In e Zoom Out e Zoom Window e Zoom All e Pan Zoom In The Zoom In icon allows you to move in closer to the objects in the Graphics Window Zoom Out The Zoom Out icon allows you to move farther away from the objects in the Graphics Window Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 251 Zoom Window The Zoom Window icon allows you to create a selection around an area in the Graphics Window that you would like zoom in on The area that is selected will occupy the entire Graphics Window Zoom All The Zoom All icon allows you to return to the viewing distance in which all objects in the Graphics Window are visible Pan The Pan icon allows you to move the objects in the Graphics Window up down left or right with your mouse cursor STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 252 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 10 5 Select Toolbar fiko GR Ba hp ho GH Hel A Oo The Select Toolbar has several different cursors that allow you to only select certain objects in a model with your mouse cursor The Select Toolbar contains the following toolbar icons e Add Beam e Select Meshed Nodes Cursor e Select Plates Cursor e Select Phys
202. oolbar 1 1 4DL 1 7L The Change Load drop down list box allows you to change load cases by selecting from a list of load cases available in the active project To change load cases simply select the load case you wish to change to from the drop down list box If no load cases have been created for a project the drop down list box will be empty STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 226 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 10 1 7 Tools Toolbar Tools toolbar allows you to move and generate geometry and set column pedestal dimensions bu Tools toolbar has following icons e Move Selected Entities e Translational Repeat e Set Column Pedestal dimension e Mat foundation wizard Move Selected Entities The Move Selected Entities command allows you to move selected entities like support positions beams and piles After selecting the entities to be moved click on the Move Selected Entities button program will bring a dialog box where you need to input incremental X Y Z distance Move selected entities by Delta x Unit in b 0 Delta Y 100 Deltaz 0 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 227 Translational Repeat The Translational Repeat icon opens a dialog box that allows you to duplicate objects in a model The command works similar to a copy command except multiple copies of an object can be made at atime In addition objects may be linked to together wi
203. orm Thickness and Sloped By default Uniform Thickness is been set as shown below Footing Geometry Iniform Thickness Calculate Dimensio v Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 67 When you choose Sloped footing type the dialog will appear as shown below and two new fields will be added Minimum Slope End Thickness and Maximum Slope End Thickness Footing Geometry Minimum Slope End Thickness Maximum Slope End Thickness Design Type In the design type field two design types are given Calculate dimension and Set dimension Calculate Dimension Option calculates the actual required dimension from minimum and maximum range and Set dimension option sets the user input dimension If you choose Set Dimension and Uniform thickness footing type the following fields will be read only STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 68 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment Footing Geometry lt _ Read Only Fields If you choose Set Dimension and Sloped footing type the following fields will be read only Footing Geometry ension Read Only Fields Set as Default The Set as Default field allows you to use the values inputted in the Footing Geometry form as the default values for future projects Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 69 4 6 1 4 Design Isolated Foot
204. ou to specify the distance between the edges of a pile Arrangement Type Pile arrangement can be either rectangular or circular Pile cap having circular arrangement will be design as octagonal pile cap Rectangular Arrangement Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 83 Rectangular arrangement needs following inputs e Number of Rows e Number of Columns e Row Spacing e Column Spacing By default program will create symmetric pile arrangement from the above input but user can change the default setup by editing the table below Both row and column grid lines can be adjusted by selecting appropriate radio button Row Spacing Column Spacing Circular Arrangement Circular arrangement needs following inputs e Number of Piles Total number of piles e Number of Layers Number of concentric circles e Pile Spacing minimum spacing between piles e Use Center Pile Add a pile at center of pile arrangement Number of Piles 36 Number of Layers 4 Pile Spacing 36 Use Center Pile STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 84 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment By default program will try to assign equal number of piles for all concentric circular layers But that can be changed by editing the table below Create Pile Arrangement Finally click on the Create Pile Arrangement button to create the pile layout A dialog box will appear at the left of data area pan
205. r 3 13 Defining Soil Properties Like thickness soil property is also automatically created assigned with the slab the only thing we need to do is to activate the flag To change or activate soil property click on the Soil Property leaf under Analysis Properties group Analysis properties gt Slab thickness Gy Pile spring The Soil Properties page will be displayed in the Data Area pane Check on the check box for soil spring Soil Property Use soil spring 0 040 3 14 Section 3 Quick Tour 3 45 Analyzing the Slab We are ready to analyze the slab Save your work one more time pull down the File menu and select the Save command Click on the Analyze leaf under Mat Slab design Options group to analyze the mat Mat slab design options Output View Options 3 Moment envelope generation 5 Design Parameters 6 Reinforcement Zoning 5 Cut slab by a line 5 Calculation sheet Design progress report tab under Output group will be populated with progress messages while the program creates an analytical model to analyze a Translating meshed Coordinates Translating Beams Translating Plates Creating Plates and assigning plate property Processing Load Info Processing Load case 1 Processing Load case 2 id gt bl Design Progress Report Then another window will come up and show the analysis progress messages and status When the analysis is completed that window
206. r s Manual 4 118 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 6 4 Analysis properties 4 Mat foundation Job 5 Default analysis properties gt Physical beam table Pile Layout Mesh generation Analysis properties 57 Slab thickness The Analysis properties group allows you to input slab thicknesses soil properties and pile spring constants This group is only active for mat foundation job types The Analysis properties group contains the following elements e Slab thickness e Soil Property e Pile spring Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 119 4 6 4 1 Slab Thickness 9 Analysis properties E Slab thickness Gy Soil property 5 Pile spring Clicking on the Slab Thickness leaf opens a table in the Data Area pane that allows you to change the element thickness for the plate elements in a mesh you are using to model a mat foundation Slab thickness in 12 000 12 000 As slab is added as a physical entity in STAAD foundation default slab thickness property will be automatically created and assigned to each slab region The first row of the table is to select unit for thickness You can have only one unit for all slab thickness Second row onwards will be list of slab thickness properties Left most cells of each row will show the region identifier name as specified in Meshing Setup operation You can have different thickness for analysis and design Analysis t
207. r load quadrilateral load etc to the current load case Loading toolbar has following icons e Add Self weight e Add Circular Pressure Load e Add Quadrilateral Pressure Load e Add Point load on space e Add column reaction load e Add line load Add Self Weight This option allows user to add self weight to the selected or all load cases This self weight definition is only applicable for Mat foundation as program will not add self weight of the mat slab by default For other types of footing like isolated or combined footing program automatically adds self weight for all service load cases Clicking on this button will open a dialog box where all load cases in the project will be listed Check Include check box to include self weight to a load case At the bottom of the dialog box there is a control to check on off all load cases Click on OK to assign unassign self weight Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 233 Add Self Weight STAAD foundation Add Selfweight 1 4DL 1 7LL 75 1 4DL 1 7LL 1 7WL v Select All oe Add Circular Pressure Load This option allows user to add a circular pressure load to the current load case Please note circular pressure is applicable only to mat foundation To create the circular pressure load click on any grid intersection point and that will become the center of the circle and then drag the mouse to the desired circular radius and release the mouse on a grid
208. ral Load for Mat only 6 Add a Circular Pressure Load for Mat only 7 Add Member Load amp Add Uniform Load 5 Add Concentrated Load gt Add Trapezoidal Load 5 Safety Factor Table 5 Create New Load Combination 5 Remove Load Case The Loads amp Factors group allows you to define the loads on a foundation by creating load cases loads combination loads and safety factors for load cases The Load amp Factors group contains the following elements e New Load Case e Add a Column Reaction Load e Add a Point Load e Add a Line Load e Add a Quadrilateral Load e Add a Circular Pressure Load e Add Member Load o Add Uniform Load o Add Concentrated oad o Add Trapezoidal Load e Safety Factor Table e Create New Load Combination e Remove Load Case Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 31 4 4 3 1 Create New Load Case 4 Loads amp Factors 5 Create New Load Case 3 Add a Column Reaction Load Clicking on the Loads amp Factors leaf or clicking on Create New Load Case leaf will open Load Description form in data pane area Load Title Load Type Primary Copy Load Load Case No None Self Weight Add Self Weight Yes STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 32 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment To create a new load case you need to input Load Title it can be any string Load Type can be one of the followings 1 Primary 2 Service 3 Ultimate
209. raphical Environment 3 Pile Arrangement Case 1 Case 2 O O 5 Pile Arrangement 6 Pile Arrangement 7 Pile Arrangement 8 Pile Arrangement 9 Pile Arrangement O O 10 Pile Arrangement 11 Pile Arrangement 12 Pile Arrangement 13 Pile Arrangement 14 Pile Arrangement 15 Pile Arrangement 16 Pile Arrangement m gt H H E E E H E lt smd 2a 2222m B Gas Go through the tree controls and choose the desired pile arrangement After you have chosen the desired pile arrangement click on the OK button The pile coordinates of the selected pile arrangement will be displayed in the table in the Data Area pane In addition the diagram of the pile arrangement will be displayed in the Data Area pane Manual Arrangement The Manual Arrangement radio option allows you to enter the pile arrangement manually by inputting the pile cap coordinates in the table in the Data Area pane Note These are local coordinates for the footing relative to the center of the footing Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 79 Delete Selected Rows The Delete Selected Rows button allows you to delete a row in the table of pile cap coordinates when using the Manual Arrangement mode To delete a row select the row you would like to delete from the table and then click on Delete Selected Rows Show Pile Reactions The Show Pile Reactions button opens a table displaying the reaction on each pi
210. ring Capacity of Soil 100 KN m and Load Factor 1 5 3500mm 3500mm Section 5 Indian Verification Problems 6 3 Solution 1000 S Approximate area of footing required m 10 m 10 Assuming 3 5 m x 3 5 m x 0 6 m footing dimension I 12 5 m Weight of footing 3 5 x 3 5 x 0 6 x 25 KN 183 75 KN Therefore total load on the footing 1000 183 75 KN 1183 75 KN 1183 75 3 5x3 5 96 633 KN m lt 100 KN m Hence safe 2 Maximum pressure KN m 1000x1 5 2 2 Ultimate pressure _ KN m 122 45 KN m 3 5x3 5 Bending moment at critical section 1 55x1 55 M 122 45 x 3 5 x 514 826 KN m 2 Assuming 35 mm clear cover and 10 mm bar effective depth de 600 35 0 5 x 10 mm 560 mm 700 0 479 1100 0 87 fy u max Ru max 0 36 x fe x Ku max X 1 0 42 Kumax 2 066 Mujim Ru max X B x de 2267 642 x 10 N mm 2267 642 KN m gt M Hence safe STAAD foundation User s Manual 6 4 Section 5 Indian Verification Problems Area of Steel Required Area of steel required along length fe 4 6Mu Ast 0 5x xi 1 1 xBxd P fcx Bxdexde 2646 4 mm Minimum area of steel Astin 0 0012 x B x D 2520 mm Check for One Way Shear Percentage of steel p 0 135 B Corresponding allowable T 0 28 N mm Vu max Bxde Developed shear stress T 3 5 0 4
211. roperties must be entered prior to selecting this command otherwise you will not obtain a successful analysis After clicking on the Analyze leaf output pane will display analysis progress messages where program will create an analytical model by decomposition of the foundation structure ee Translating meshed Coordinates Translating Beams Translating Plates Creating Plates and assigning plate property Processing Load Info Processing Load case 1 Processing Load case 2 Processing analytical beam loading ld 4b Dl Design Progress Report After analytical model is created program will launch its analysis engine to analyze the structure A separate window will be shown displaying analysis progress messages Once the analysis is completed this window will be automatically dismissed STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 126 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment STAAD Analysis and Design Calculating Joint Displacements 14 42 59 A Finished Joint Displacement Calculation 0 sec Processing Element Stiffness Matrix 14 42 59 Processing Global Stiffness Matrix 14 42 59 Finished Processing Global Stiffness Matrix 0 sec Processing Triangular Factorization 14 42 59 Finished Triangular Factorization 0 sec Calculating Joint Displacements 14 42 59 Finished Joint Displacement Calculation 0 sec Processing Element Stiffness Matrix 14 42 59 Proc
212. s with the critical section located at a min distance d 2 from the face of a corner pile or faces of a pile group along the edge of the footing The critical plane is assumed to be positioned along a straight and curved line so that the total section length is minimized ii At the distance d 2 around the pedestal The section comprises four straight line segments parallel to corresponding sides of the column iii At the distance d 2 around a pile The design is performed for the total pile reaction force acting within the perimeter of the critical section in accordance with Sections 11 12 2 through 11 12 6 Section 2 Theoretical Basis 2 23 Flexure is checked for critical planes located at both faces of the pedestal The bending moment is calculated as an aggregate of moments due to pile reactions on one side of the plane Determination of an individual pile contribution to the forces at a critical section is based on whether the pile is outside this section full reaction value assumed inside the section reaction ignored or at an intermediate location partial reaction assumed as per Section 15 5 4 3 Mat Raft Foundation Analysis and design of mats is based on finite element method FEM coupled with slab on elastic subgrade principles First the user creates a finite element model of the proposed mat foundation This may be accomplished in one of two ways Importing a STAAD file of the superstructure thus
213. s of interest become nodes of the elements Similarly you can accurately determine the stresses only at the center of the element The only way to find the stresses at other points is to interpolate values at points between the centers of adjacent elements STAAD foundation User s Manual 2 4 Section 2 Theoretical Basis Suppose you had a slab supported by a frame and under load it had a deflected shape something like that shown in the figure below In order to obtain deflection information that would allow you to plot the deflected shape you would need to at least know the deflections at the points of maximum deflection at the end points and at a few intermediate points as shown by the X s in the figure The more points you have the more accurately you can model the deflected shape On the other hand you would not want hundreds of points either since it would make your structure too cumbersome to analyze You need to exercise judgment in selecting the number of elements you use to model a slab enough to accurately model the behavior of the slab under load but not so many as to make the model difficult to work with Another situation in which you would need more than one plate element to model a slab would be when you want to know the stresses in a slab caused by some type of point loading You would want to have quite a few elements in the vicinity of where the point loading occurs in order to determine the stress d
214. sign parameters Design Code Concrete design code Program currently supports ACI BS 8110 and IS 456 codes STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 206 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment Support assignment Select the supports to be assigned to the new mat job You have the option to include all supports or selected supports only Boundary Setup As it s a rectangular mat foundation we just need to define top left corner and then specify Length and Width values of the boundary The slab will always be in XZ plane Specify Y level of the slab too Meshing Select mesh generation technique to be used Program can generate either quadrilateral shaped plate element or triangular shaped plate element As it is a rectangular mat quadrilateral shape will be more commonly used However if the mat is supported on pile or the mat has line loads triangular meshing is recommended Slab Property Define both analysis and design thickness of the slab Define soil subgrade modulus Please note the wizard will create the soil property of the slab but will not assign automatically Create Click on create button to generate a rectangular mat foundation job Update STAAD Database This utility is only useful if the global geometry of the foundation project was originally imported from STAAD Pro If the STAAD Pro results get changed after the foundation project is created this utility allows user to update current pro
215. slab and soil contact information The table displays area in contact and area out of contact with the soil for each load case This option is available only for Mat slab supported by soil 148964 9012222 83 84121906447 28710 11696625 148110 0090714 83 36006411112 29565 00911713 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 135 4 6 5 7 Plate Stresses Pate Stress Click on Plate Stress tab to open plate stress table It displays 8 basic stress types for current load case The stress types are e SQX SQY e Sx SY e SXY MX MY e MXY These stresses are based on plate local coordinate system During slab design program will automatically transform these local stresses to global axes system 0 006584 0 000000 1 022040 1 121771 0 813954 0 014716 0 000000 3 014122 0 783163 1 431519 10 014872 0 000000 0 000000 0 000000 2 750760 0 503668 1 043669 10 008342 0 000000 0 000000 0 000000 1 204627 0 397224 0 580257 0 001704 0 000000 0 000000 0 000000 6 574391 0 261886 0 572458 0 000615 0 000000 0 000000 0 000000 10 978528 0 016307 0 578476 0 002165 0 000000 0 000000 0 000000 14 251686 0 229303 0 218469 4 6 5 8 Plate Stresses Summary STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 136 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment Like all other summary table plate stress summary table displays minimum and
216. soil Soil Depth Depth of soil STAAD foundation User s Manual 5 46 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment Load Surcharge The surcharge load Area in Contact Percent Percentage of area of contact between footing and soil Sliding and Overturning Coefficient of Friction Frictional coefficient used for design against sliding Factor of Safety Factor Safety against sliding and overturning Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 5 47 5 3 8 Finish and Design Now click on Finish You will see a Vessel job is added to the tree view in the left side Main Navigator pane Now click on Design The design progress can be seen in the Output Window situated below And a detailed calculation sheet will come in the Calculation Sheet tab Indian Verification Problems Section 6 This section includes discussion on the following topics e Indian Verification Problem 1 e Indian Verification Problem 2 e Indian Verification Problem 3 e Indian Verification Problem 4 e Indian Verification Problem 5 STAAD foundation User s Manual 6 2 Section 5 Indian Verification Problems 6 1 Indian Verification Problem 1 Reference Reinforced Concrete by A K Jain Page 539 Example 18 2 Problem Design an isolated footing with the given data Load Fy 1000 KN fc 15 MPa fy 415 MPa Column Dimension 400 mm X 400 mm Bea
217. solated Footing Design Now click on the Design leaf under Design Parameters group in Main Navigator pane to design the footing Isolated Footing Job Design Parameters gt Concrete amp Rebar ey Cover amp Soil Sy Footing Geometry amp Sliding amp Overturning Look at the Output pane it will display a series of messages as the program performs the footing design Set initial footing dimension as 7 000 X7 000 K10 00 Set footing dimension as 7 000 X7 000 X10 00 after checking service load conditions Set footing dimension as 7 000 X7 000 X10 00 after checking design load conditions Performing punching shear check Clear cover 2 000000 PASSED Performing one way shear check PASSED Performing design for bottom X direction rebars PASSED Performing design for bottom Z direction rebars PASSED M 4 gt Design Progress Report lsofoot Design Summary When the design is complete the program will automatically display a Design Summary table in the Output pane Section 3 Quick Tour 3 25 Marn Isofoot Design Summary Click on the Layout Drawing tab in view pane area to check footing overlap It produces a layout of analyzed footings drawn to scale complete with a title block for the drawing STAAD foundation User s Manual 3 26 Section 3 Quick Tour Click on the Detail Drawing tab in view pane area to see footing detailed drawing Th
218. sp Summary A Reaction Reaction Summary Contact Area A Plate Stress Plate Stress Summary To view plate stress contours please click on the Output View Options leaf under Mat slab design options group 4 Mat slab design options Gy Analyze Moment envelope generation 237 Design Parameters E Reinforcement Zoning 25y Cut slab by a line E Calculation sheet A form will appear at data area pane Please select Show Plate Stress radio button and then choose Global Mx stress type STAAD foundation User s Manual 3 54 Section 3 Quick Tour Output View Options Displacement Diagram Setup Show Nodal Displacement Use Average Normal Show Beam Displacement Drawing Options Draw Line Diagram Draw 3D diagram Stress Contour 5 how Beam S ess Show Plate Stress Beam Stress Show Soil Pressure Plate Stress Settings Select Stress Type None 4 None Max Absolute Beam Stress Setting ie ee Max Von Mis Select Stress Type Max Yon Mis Top Max Von Mis Bottom Global Mx Global MZ The screen will look like the following figure Please note that this contour is based on the global X axis Section 3 Quick Tour 3 55 Global MX kip ft tt 59 277 on wo io N Ds 43 215 37 860 32 506 27 152 21 798 16 444 11 089 5 735 0 381 4 973 10 327 15 682 21 036 26 390 STAAD foundation User s Manual 3 56 Se
219. stmin 0 0012 x B x D 1104 90 mm Check for One Way Shear 100Ast Percentage of steel p 0 183 Bxde Corresponding allowable T 0 303 N mm STAAD foundation User s Manual 6 14 Section 5 Indian Verification Problems Vu max Developed shear stress T Bx de Vuimax 0 00 KN Developed shear stress T 0 00 lt T oan Hence safe Check for Two Way Shear Vu max 1500 KN 1500x1000 Developed shear stress T N mm 4x854x 454 967 203 KN m K min 0 5 1 1 Allowable shear stress K x T 1x0 25yfc 968 246 KN m gt developed Ty hence safe Spacing 1205 524 x 4 No of 12 mm bar 10 66 11 mXx12x12 f 1450 100x2 12 Spacing 123 8 mm 11 1 Spacing for 12 mm bar 123 8 mm Section 5 Indian Verification Problems 1900 KN Bottom Reinforcement 5 635 mm f Pil Comparison Reference STAAD foundation Difference in Value Of Result Result Percent Effective 454 mm 454 mm None Depth Governing 187 5 KN m 187 5 KN m None Moment Area of 2 2 1205 524 mm 1204 886 mm 0 058 Steal Shear Stress 0 967 N mm 0 967 N mm None Two Way Table 6 3 6 15 STAAD foundation User s Manual 6 16 Section 5 Indian Verification Problems 6 4 Indian Verification Problem 4 Reference Reinforced Concrete Design by S N Sinha Problem 11 13 Problem Desig
220. strength requirements at critical sections of the footing Step 1 Pile Arrangement The user provides the following pile properties capacity bearing uplift and lateral diameter spacing and edge distance Based on these parameters the program determines the required pile configuration as well as plan dimensions of the footing from the condition that the force transferred to any pile should not exceed its capacity For a general case of vertical and horizontal forces and bending moments acting on the cap that stipulation is equivalent to satisfying the following two equations Hpile gt Happ N Vpile gt Vappl N Mxapp Ry Ixg Myapp Rx Iyg Section 2 Theoretical Basis 2 21 Where Hpile single pile horizontal capacity Vpile single pile vertical capacity Happ total horizontal load applied Vappi total vertical load applied N total number of piles in footing Mxapp applied bending moment about X axis Myapp applied bending moment about Y axis Rx distance from Y axis to the farthest pile Ry distance from X axis to the farthest pile Ixg pile group moment of inertia about X axis Iyg pile group moment of inertia about Y axis Note X and Y axes above are centroidal axes of the pile group Ixg and Iyg are calculated treating each pile as a unit and are equal X 1 y 7 and 1 x respectively The program includes a library of possible pile layouts for quantities fr
221. t View From Bottom The View From Bottom icon allows you to display a foundation as seen from the bottom looking up towards the sky Isometric The Isometric icon allows you to display a foundation in an isometric view The angle that defines the isometric view is generally X 30 Y 30 and Z 0 Rotate Up The Rotate Up icon allows you to rotate the view of a structure about the global X axis in the direction indicated by the circular arrow in the icon Rotate Down The Rotate Down icon allows you to rotate the view of a structure about the global X axis in the direction indicated by the circular arrow in the icon Rotate Left The Rotate Left icon allows you to rotate the view of a structure about the global Y axis in the direction indicated by the circular arrow in the icon Rotate Right The Rotate Right icon allows you to rotate the view of a structure about the global Y axis in the direction indicated by the circular arrow in the icon Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 249 Spin Left The Spin Left icon allows you to spin the view of a structure about the global Z axis in the direction indicated by the circular arrow in the icon Spin Right The Spin Right icon allows you to spin the view of a structure about the global Z axis in the direction indicated by the circular arrow in the icon STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 250 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Envir
222. t Pile Layout Predefined gt Pile Layout Parametric 5 Design Parameters Design We first need to create pile arrangement for pile cap To create pile arrangement please click on the Pile Layout Predefined leaf Pile Cap Job gt Pile Layout Predefined gt Pile Layout Parametric 5 Design Parameters E Design The Pile Arrangement page will be displayed in the Data Area pane as shown in following figure Section 3 Quick Tour 3 73 Pile Arrangement Predefined s Support for Pile Arrangement 1 Pile Capacity Unit Lateral Vertical 0 Uplift Pile Dia 10 Spacing 36 Edge Distance 24 Pile Arrangement Type O Auto Arrangement Calculate Manual Arrangement Column location at 0 0 Ka Delete Selected Rows Select Arangement Show Pile Reactions The combo box labeled Support for Pile Arrangement lists the support numbers in the pile cap job We will select the support number and input the vertical lateral and uplift pile capacities for each support The pile diameter spacing and distance of the edge from the corner piles are also input Let us input data for Support No 1 Leave the Support for Pile Arrangement drop down menu set to 1 STAAD foundation User s Manual 3 74 Section 3 Quick Tour Under the Pile Capacity category set the Unit drop down menu to kip Enter a value of 60 kips in the Vertical edit
223. t The Unit field allows you to select the current length unit of the grid system You can change the unit by clicking on that field and selecting desired unit from the drop down list Origin X The Origin X field allows you to specify the X coordinate of the grid origin Origin Y The Origin Y field allows you to specify the Y coordinate of the grid origin Origin Z The Origin Z field allows you to specify the Z coordinate of the grid origin Spacing The Spacing group box allows you to specify the spacing between grid lines The unit measurement used is specified in the unit field above in the Grid Origin group box Spacing X STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 20 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment The Spacing X field allows you to specify the spacing between grid lines along the X axis Spacing Z The Spacing Z field allows you to specify the spacing between grid lines along the Z axis Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 2 Number of Lines around Origin The Number of Lines around Origin group box allows you to specify the number of grid lines to the left right top and bottom of the grid origin Left The Left field allows you to specify the number of grid lines to the left of the grid origin Right The Right field allows you to specify the number of grid lines to the right of the grid origin Top The Top field allows you to specify the number of gr
224. t pane Please select Show Soil Pressure radio to view soil pressure contour Section 3 Quick Tour 3 51 Output View Options Displacement Diagram Setup Show Nodal Displacement Use Average Normal Show Beam Displacement Drawing Options Draw Line Diagram Draw 3D diagram Stress Contour Show Beam Stress O Show Plate Stress Show Soil Pressure Plate Stress Settings Select Stress Type Mone Beam Stress Settings Select Stress Type Show Legend C Plot Contour on Deflected Shape A soil pressure legend will be displayed at the left of the view pane along with the soil pressure contour Please note the maximum soil pressure for load case 1 is 4 556 kip ft2 Also minimum soil pressure is 0 0 which means that some part of the mat has lost contact with the soil and the program has distributed the pressure of that portion to the rest of the mat slab STAAD foundation User s Manual 3 52 Section 3 Quick Tour o 0 285 0 571 0 856 1 142 1 427 i WwW NNN Bo on N wo Seana gp REESE Oe 3 710 3 995 4 281 4 566 BEB SOS SOS eee We can easily verify the slab s loss of contact with the soil by reviewing Contact Area table Please note for both load cases more than 80 of total area is in contact with the soil Load Areain of Tota Area Out of s of Total Case Contact Area Contact Area 1 1034 478480 83 84121906 199 3758122 16
225. t page of the wizard where you have to input all the relevant geometrical data for the Heat Exchanger Following picture shows the corresponding page Clicking on any input fields creates a description of the corresponding field below the diagram Unit lin Heat Exchanger L 370 Upper Exchanger Diameter UD 55 Lower Exchanger Diameter LD 55 Height from Pier top to Upper Exchanger H 110 O Stacked Exchanger Single Exchanger Soil Depth SD 60 L Length of Exchanger Height of Pier top from Base B 125 Spacing of Exchangers 5 75 As you can see that a picture placed left to the page shows the diagrammatic view of the corresponding dimensions Unit Unit of length for all the input in this page only Stacked Exchanger Click the Stacked Exchanger radio button to use one The picture above shows it Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 5 27 k Stacked Exchanger O Single Exchanger Single Exchanger Click the Stacked Exchanger radio button to use one The picture above shows it k h o Pi a Stacked Exchanger Single Exchanger Heat Exchanger Length L Length of the heat exchanger Upper Exchanger Diameter UD Diameter of the upper exchanger in case of stacked exchanger STAAD foundation User s Manual 5 28 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment Upper Exchanger Diameter UD Diameter of the upper ex
226. te a reinforcement layout STAAD foundation has a tool to create reinforcement zones much like reinforcement contour plot Number of zones is user specified By default program use three zones Reinforcement Zoning Slab Detailing Choose Slab Face Longitudinal Top v Preferred Zone Reinforcement Count B i i Create Block Zone report Steel Detailing View Option Show Control Nodes v Zone Editing Lock Higher Zone Current Zone HE Zone 3 i X Select Nodes Reset Zones Choose Slab face Reinforcement zoning is done for one face at a time So this step needs to be repeated four times to detail all faces and direction Select the current slab face from drop down list STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 152 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment Preferred Zone Reinforcement Count Use this edit box to tell the program how many different sizes of reinforcing steel bars rebar you want the program to allow in the slab design The program divides the slab into the number of zones you designate Each zone will contain only one size of reinforcing steel Create Zone Click this button to create the number of reinforcing zones specified by the value entered in the No of Zones edit box The following figure shows how the display might appear when three zones are created A colored dot in the center of each element of the mesh indicates the rei
227. ters provided by the program Check to make sure that the default values displayed on the Design Parameters form in your program match those shown in the figure above Strength of Concrete 4 ksi Yield Strength of Steel 60 ksi Minimum Bar Size 6 Maximum Bar Size 11 Side cover Cs 4 in Bottom Cover Cb 3 in Pile in Pile Cap Cp 4 in Initial thickness 18 in STAAD foundation User s Manual 3 80 Section 3 Quick Tour 3 19 Performing Pile Cap Design and Viewing Results Now that the design parameters are entered we are ready to perform the design Click on the Design leaf under Pile Cap Job group in main navigator pane to perform the design Pile Cap Job gt Pile Layout Predefined gt Pile Layout Parametric 5 Design Parameters The program performs the pile cap design When it is finished a results table appears in the Output pane showing the pile cap dimensions and the bar size and spacing in the longitudinal and transverse directions XDirection Y Direction _ AL Bar amp Bar amp Max Bar A B Max Bar A Spacing 18 000 10 6 18 00 in 10 6 18 00 in ld 4 gt bl _Design Progress Report Progress Report Pile Cap Design Summary The figure above shows results for only one of the six supports in the project because pile arrangements were selected for only support 1 Program will automatically open Calculation sheet of the designed pile cap
228. th transverse members In order to use Translational Repeat you must first select at least one object before the command will become available Translational Repeat t xj No of Steps 0 J Link Steps mincement X Increment Y Increment 0 Z Increment 0 The Translational Repeat dialog box contains the following fields and options e No of Steps e Increment e Link Steps No of Steps The No of Steps field allows you to specify the number of copies to make Increment STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 228 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment The Increment group box allows you to specify the distance from the original object s to the copied object s When No of Steps is greater than 1 the increment values will also specify the distance between the multiple copied objects The increment unit used is specified in the Change Length Unit drop down list box in the Tools toolbar Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 229 Link Steps The Link Steps check box allows you to specify whether the copied objects should be linked together with transverse members Set Column or Pedestal Dimension This option will only be enabled if any support position is selected Clicking on the menu item will open a dialog box which will allow user to set column or pedestal dimension Set Column Dimension C Consider Pedestal Column Type Rectang
229. ther input boxes Only you need to choose the Site Class from the Site Class combo box It will also show the corresponding City Latitude and Longitude for that Zip Code Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 5 17 Sesimic Ground Motion Values Select using Zip Code O Enter Value Manually g Select Zip 00501 5 City r Y Site Class 4 v Latitude Longitude ortance Factor I 1 00 iv Enter Value Manually Choose Enter Value Manually to enter the value of S and Ss with your own choice Site Class Value of Fa amp Fv depends on choice of Site Class But you can use your own value for them on choosing Site Class as F Response Modification Factor R The default value for this field is 2 or 3 But the input control for this value is not a read only combo box so use can enter your own desired value Occupancy Importance Factor 1 STAAD foundation User s Manual 5 18 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment The default value for this field is 1 1 25 and 1 5 But the input control for this value is not a read only combo box so use can enter your own desired value Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 5 19 5 2 6 Load Combination Page Two types of load combinations are used here They are Allowable Load Combination and Ultimate Load Combination You can create any number of load combination and can sav
230. tion takes advantage of default properties setup options Clicking on Default analysis properties leaf will bring up a form in data area pane as shown below Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 95 Thickness i i Unit Subgrade modulus Unit Unit Spring along X Kx I 300 000000 30 000000 The form has five distinct groups a Ae WN Slab analysis thickness Slab design thickness Subgrade modulus Beam sectional property Pile spring values Slab analysis thickness STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 96 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment This thickness will be used during the slab FEA analysis This parameter can have its own unit This property is especially useful if we you want to simulate pedestal etc for stiffness analysis but use the actual slab thickness for design This can also be used to input uncracked thickness for analysis Slab design thickness This thickness will be used during slab design This parameter can have its own unit This property is especially useful if we you want to simulate pedestal etc for stiffness analysis but use the actual slab thickness for design This can also be used to input cracked thickness for slab design Subgrade modulus Subgrade modulus is a soil property available from geotechnical report Program uses this value to calculate spring stiffness under each support node by multiplying this value with th
231. to as plates In our discussion we may use these two words interchangeably The difference between a beam and a plate is a load that is applied to a beam can only go in two directions towards one end or the other or both In a plate there is more than one path for the load to flow P Section 2 Theoretical Basis 2 3 A plate can be 3 noded triangular or 4 noded quadrilateral The thickness of an element may be different from one node to another All nodes of a 4 noded plate must lie in the same plane If the four nodes of a quadrilateral element do not lie on one plane you should replace the quadrilateral element with two triangular elements It is not possible to accurately model the behavior of a slab using just a single element Why not One reason is you can determine the displacements in the finite element only at the corner nodes With a beam if you know the displacements at the ends you can use secondary analysis techniques like the moment area method to determine the displacements at intermediate points In a plate there are no equations you can use to determine the displacement at some arbitrary point within the 3 or 4 corners of the element Therefore if you would like to know the displacements at some interior points of the slab or if you would like to know the deformed shape along the edges of the slab it is necessary to model the slab using a series of plate elements in such a manner that the point
232. ton If you want to delete the entire revision history click on Delete All Section 3 Quick Tour 3 9 3 3 Entering Support Coordinates To enter the coordinates for supports that construct the foundation plan of a project click on the leaf called Column Position under Foundation Plan group in Main Navigator pane STAAD foundation Member Project Info E General Information 57 Review History 257 Modeling View Options 57 Scale setup options 3 Foundation Plan 5 Linear Grid Setup 5 Radial Grid Setup amp Column Dimension A table allowing you to input the coordinates of supports will be displayed in the Data Area pane Column Position Input the support coordinates 0 0 0 10 0 0 10 0 10 0 0 15 14 0 0 and 5 0 5 for Nodes 1 2 3 4 5 and 6 respectively Please make sure length unit is set as ft The tab key or the arrow STAAD foundation User s Manual 3 10 Section 3 Quick Tour keys may be used to move from one cell to the next in the table The supports along with their respective node numbers are displayed in the Graphics Window To change set current length unit please click on the Set Input Output Unit in the toolbar Note Supports will not be shown in the Graphics Window until you click on a cell outside of the row you are currently in 3 4 Section 3 Quick Tour 3 11 Defining the Loads In order to defin
233. tput units Unit setup x STAAD foundatio Wt Unit Setup Lenath Unit no M Force Unit kp M Moment Unit kipin wv Reinfocing bar Unit in Reinfocement spacing Unit n The following output units can be set e Length Unit e Force Unit e Moment Unit e Reinforcing Bar Diameter e Reinforcing Bar Spacing Length Unit Length unit is used in all tables and pages as appropriate Column position column dimension pile position slab thickness are some Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 243 of the pages where length units are used Forms for loading etc output tables and calculation sheet also uses length unit Force Unit Force unit is used for all input and output related force Pressure unit is determined combining length and force unit Moment unit Moment unit is primarily used for loading input and output Reinforcing Bar Diameter This unit is used in output table and calculation sheet to report reinforcing bar diameter Reinforcing Bar Spacing This unit is used in output table and calculation sheet to report required and provided reinforcing bar spacing STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 244 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 10 2 Help Toolbar The Help Toolbar allows you to obtain information about STAAD foundation The Help Toolbar contains the following toolbar icon e About About The About icon opens a dialog box co
234. tual calculation will be performed The reports etc of course will be shown as per the users choice of force and displacement units For this Quick Tour example enter the job name Job1 in the New Job Name edit box In the Job Type drop down menu select the Isolated job type Under the Supports In This Job category check to ensure that the All Supports radio button is activated by default In this Create a New Job form we have another group called Loading Using this page we could have several jobs of the same type e g Isolated footing having different design load cases We will take all the loadings for this job Click the gt button to move all the load cases over to the Selected Load Cases list on the bottom of the page Click the Create Job button A new job is created After the job is input the graphics display window looks like the following figure 3 21 STAAD foundation User s Manual 3 22 Section 3 Quick Tour i 30b1 x i Load Case 1 z raean Layout Drawing Calculation Sheet When there are multiple jobs and load cases in a project by changing the job numbers and the load case numbers in the respective combo boxes we can change the display of supports and loadings in the window We may also change the job settings of the job shown in the job combo box by clicking the Edit Current Job leaf under job setup group in Main Navigator pane 2 4 Job Setup vz eate a New Jop gt E
235. tup Footing C1 Support 1 Support 2 A Create from Selected Nodes _ Delete Al Also click once on the Geometry view which will show the real life picture of the footing Note The supports have to be collinear to become a part of a combined footing If the supports are non collinear then it will show an error message box as follows StaadFoundation EJ All the selected supports are not colinear and parallel to global axis Cannot create combined footing Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 167 Delete To delete a footing select the footing from the tree click on Delete Deletion of support from a combined footing is not allowed You need to recreate the combined footing to edit it This will generate the following error message StaadFoundation g N Deleting of support from a strip Footing is not permitted You need to recreate the footing if you wish to edit it Delete All To delete all the combined footing at a click simply click on Delete All button STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 168 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 7 3 Defining the Design Parameters Note that after you have created a combined footing job the left side main navigator tree view is populated with the Design Parameter for Combined Footing Job Combined Footing Job 3 Design Parameters gt Concrete amp Rebar gt Cover amp S
236. ular Circular Unit lin v Column Depth 12 Column width 12 o Cancel You can specify whether the column is rectangular or circular and input column dimension If you want to add a pedestal click on the option called Consider Pedestal It will change the input from column type to pedestal type For pedestal in addition to the plan dimension you can specify pedestal height Rectangular Mat Wizard STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 230 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment This option provides a simple wizard to create mat foundation job Using this option you can create a job define boundary mesh it and define analysis properties Mat Foundation modeling wizard E STAAD foundatio WL Mat Foundation modeling wizard Job setup Boundary setup Job name x coordinate at Top left comer 0 Length Unit in v Z coordinate at Top left comer 0 Default unit Type English v sn Lenath 0 41 Z1 R J Design code Width 0 3 Support assigned All supports SS ji p Y Level 0 Length Meshing Slab Property Meshing type Quadrilate x Analysis thickness 12 Element size 12 Design thickness 12 A Ra aaa Subgrade modulus 0 04 Kip in2 in xi The following commands are available to create rectangular mat foundation Job name It s an identifier to assign each job a unique name Length Unit Length unit will be used to define mat boundary and to assign slab thic
237. up The Print Setup menu command opens a standard Windows print setup dialog box that allows you to configure printer settings el m Printer Name HP Lasernet 5Si 5Si Mx PS Properties Status Ready Type HP LaserJet 5Si 5Si MX PS Where IP_64 95 194 41 Comment Paper r Orientation Size Letter gt Portrait Source Automatically Select x C Landscape Network Cancel Import The Import menu command is used to begin a new project by importing the support geometry and support reactions from a STAAD Pro analysis The ability to import analysis data from other structural analysis software programs will be provided in a future release of STAAD foundation You can only import a STAAD Pro model that has been successfully analyzed because you will want to have the support reactions available for the foundation design When the Import command is executed an import dialog box will appear Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 197 StaadPro File Import PR Look in US v gt e reao 2 element_trap_jt_tri std EXAMPOS STD ai 2 EXO1CAST STD 2 EXAMPO6 STD 2 t EXAMPO1 STD ExAMPO7 STD a i a exane02 st0 leaveos st0 a 3 EXAMP03 STD 2 EXAMP09 STD E EXAMPO4 STD EXAMP 10 STD la lt Ll Filename EXAMP08 STD en A Iv Files of type STAAD Pro Files std v Cancel To import a STAAD Pro file n
238. up E Radial Grid Setup ey Column Position G Column Dimension Clicking on the Column Dimensions leaf opens a spreadsheet table in the Data Area pane that allows you to specify the depth and width of the columns at each support location and pedestal information if any Column or pedestal dimensions are needed to check punching shear for a mat foundation For all other footing types these dimensions will be used to calculate critical design forces The unit used for this form is set through the Setup Input Output unit in the toolbar Column Dimension Rectangular O Circular Rectangular 1 00 1 00 OYes 0 00 2 00 2 00 O Circular No Rectangular 1 00 1 00 O Yes 0 00 2 00 2 00 Circular No E Rectangular 1 00 1 00 O Yes 0 00 2 00 2 00 Circular No If the column type is Circular Column Width field will be grayed out If you have pedestal you can select Yes radio button under Consider Pedestal field If you select Yes the fields for Pedestal Height depth and width will be editable By default program considers that there is no pedestal STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 30 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 4 3 The Loads amp Factors 4 Loads amp Factors gt Create New Load Case E Add a Column Reaction Load amp Add a Point Load for Mat only E Add a Line Load for Mat only 6 Add a Quadrilate
239. uperstructure To ensure a seamless and efficient integration with the analysis software STAAD foundation includes an Import facility This option allows us to import the support co ordinates and forces moments on the individual supports from a structural analysis software program At present we have the facility to import analysis data from STAAD Pro structural analysis software Thus by default the control goes to the folder where STAAD Pro example files are located If you do not have STAAD Pro installed in your machine please do not use the import facility now The ability to import analysis data from other software programs will be provided in a future release of STAAD foundation Note You must first perform an analysis and design on a STAAD Pro model in STAAD Pro before importing the model into STAAD foundation Let us import STAAD Pro US Example No 8 to STAAD foundation and use the imported geometry and support reactions to design a mat foundation for the structure You can only import a STAAD Pro model that has been successfully analyzed because you will want to have the support reactions available for the foundation design So if you have not already run the analysis for STAAD Pro U S Example No 8 open the example in STAAD Pro C Spro2007 STAAD Examp US Examp Examp08 std run the analysis and then return to this Quick Tour 3 30 Section 3 Quick Tour STAAD foundation User s Manual Pull down th
240. v Max bar size 11 v Rebar Spacing Max spacing 12 in v Min spacing 2 in v C Consider Wood and Armer moments Result summary Details report Design parameters are very standard input where you need to input information on material cover and rebar Fy Allowable steel stress Fc crushing concrete strength Top Cover Cover for slab top reinforcement Bottom Cover Cover for slab bottom reinforcement Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 149 Min bar size Minimum rebar size to be used Max bar size Maximum rebar size to be used Max spacing Maximum rebar spacing Min spacing Minimum rebar spacing Consider Wood and Armer moments Use this option to consider Mxy moment to design the slab This is a method published by Wood and Armer where Mxy moment is transformed to Mx and My moment Design Click on this button to design the slab When the design operation is completed a message box will appear STAAD foundation x A Design performed successfully Result summary Clicking on this button will open a table which will show maximum reinforcement requirement condition for all slab faces and direction The table shows four rows for longitudinal top longitudinal bottom transverse top and transverse bottom reinforcement requirement Details report Clicking on this button will open a dialog box which will have two tabs One is for moment design and other one for punching shear
241. v Standard Loads Vertical Base Shear Base Moment BE 1506 0 p Da 152911 i 0 Test Condition 0 0 0 User Defined Load 0 0000 0 0000 0 0000 Unit Select the input unit for vertical force base shear and base moment for this page only Standard Loads For vertical vessel the standard loaded conditions are Empty condition Operating condition amp Test condition You may input all the three kind of forces for three kinds of conditions They are vertical force base shear and base moment User Defined Load You can also input those kinds of load as User Defined Load Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 5 9 5 2 3 Time Period Page Inputs in this page are basically required for wind load and seismic load calculation according to ASCE 7 05 You can manually enter the value of the Fundamental time period of the vessel or you can use the software to calculate it for you The time period is calculated using Von Miss Theorem as described below 100 gt ED tay Where H Overall height in feet D Diameter of each section in feet w Distributed weight per foot of each section W Weight of each concentrated mass t Shell thickness of each section in inches E Modulus of elasticity for each section in millions of psi a B and y Are coefficient for a given level depending on h H the ratio of height of the level above grade to the overall height AQ and Ay are the difference in the values o
242. vel 0 Ale Design Code Default Unit Type Recent Project Files The area below the Print Setup menu command displays a list of four Recent Project Files you have worked on Selecting a project from the list will open the project 4 9 2 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 199 Edit Menu The Edit menu allows you to perform editing operations Edit View Toc X Delete The Edit menu contains the following menu command e Delete Delete The Delete menu command deletes the selected item s The Delete command is only active when a relevant item like support position beam pile etc is selected STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 200 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 9 3 View Menu The View menu contains commands that turns various toolbars status bars and menus on and off View Tools Help Toolbars gt Status Bar Application Look gt The View Menu contains the following menu commands e Toolbars e Status Bar e Application Look Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 201 Toolbars The Toolbars menu command displays the option to switch on off different toolbars and controls If you click on customize button the program opens a dialog box allowing you to customize the toolbars Standard Toolbar Output Caption Bar Main Nevigator Load Page Task Pen Dynamic Help Customize Status Bar The Status Bar comma
243. ver Clear cover to be used for the footing Unit Weight of Soil Unit weight of soil under consideration Soil Bearing Capacity Allowable bearing capacity of soil Depth of Soil above footing Soil depth above footing Surcharge for loading Loading surcharge of the footing Set as Default This is explained in the earlier page Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 173 4 7 3 3 Footing Geometry These are the geometrical parameter used for design Footing Geometry Calculate Dimensio a In ho he 36 in 36 in 72 in 12 in 14 in eee f Design Type Choose the way of design from here You can use the software for an optimizing design procedure or you can check for a fixed dimension For the first case choose Calculate Dimension and for the latter use Set Dimension STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 174 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment Fixed Left over hang Choose Yes or No respectively for setting the dimension as fixed during check or optimize it Fixed Right over hang Choose Yes or No respectively for setting the dimension fixed during check or optimize it Fixed Width Choose Yes or No respectively for setting the dimension fixed during check or optimize it Minimum Left over hang length Start length of
244. viceability factor will be applied when checking the base pressure of a foundation geotechnical design The design factor will be used for design shear and reinforcement design STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 52 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 5 Job Setup The link between global and local data is Job Setup where user can create different footing job types User can create as many jobs as needed Multiple jobs with same footing type are also allowed Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 53 4 5 1 Create a New Job Job Setup tera Create a New Job gt Edit Current Job 5 Delete Job To create a new job click on Create a New job leaf under Job Setup group which will open a form in data area pane STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 54 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment Job Name Job Type Isolated Design Code US Default Unit Type English Support Assignm Assign to all support Listed Supports Loading F Available Load Cases Create Job Job setup form has two separate groups The group on top is to define Job type unit etc and the group at the bottom is to associate loading with the job Job Name Job name is used to uniquely identify each job You can enter any string here Job Type It is used to define the foundation type for the new job In current version we support 5 different types of footing
245. vigator pane Global Data groups are as followings e Project Info gt General Information gt Review History gt Modeling view options gt Scale setup options e Foundation Plan gt Linear grid setup Radial grid setup Column Position Column Dimension VV Vv e Loads and Factors Create a new load case Add a Column Reaction Load Add a Point Load for Mat only Add a Line Load for Mat only Add a Quadrilateral Load for Mat only Add a Circular Pressure Load for Mat only Add Member Load z Add Uniform Load n Add Concentrated Load 7 Add Trapezoidal Load gt Safety Factor Table gt Create New Load Combination gt Remove Load Case VVVVV VV e Job Setup gt Create a New Job gt Edit Current Job gt Delete Job Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 9 Note STAAD foundation does not display the entire tree all the time Rather it only displays groups and leaves that are relevant to the current status of the project For example when you begin a new project only the Project Info Foundation Plan Loads and Factors and Job Setup groups will appear in the Navigator pane These four groups allow you to specify the physical model upon which the foundation design is performed It is only when you specify a Job a set of constraints for STAAD foundation to use in performing a foundation design that the groups related to the design will appear STAAD foundation User s Manu
246. w repeat the process we just went through to create a second Load Case First click on the New Load Case leaf under the Loads amp Factors group in Main Navigator pane Next input Live Load for the Load Title and select No for self weight and then click on Add Load Now click on the Add a Column Reaction leaf input a value of 10 for Fz and click on Add Load Finally select Assign To View and click on Assign If you have multiple load cases and want to combine them you can use the Load Combination feature To bring up the Load Combination feature click on the Create New Load Combination leaf under the Loads amp Factors group in Main navigator pane STAAD foundation User s Manual 3 18 Section 3 Quick Tour To define serviceability and design factors for each load case in a project you may use the Safety Factor Table To bring up the Safety Factors page click on the Safety Factors leaf under Loads and Factors group in Main Navigator pane A table allowing you to input serviceability and design factors for each load case will be displayed in the Data Area pane By default STAAD foundation will assign values for the safety factors depending on the load type Refer to section 4 3 3 2 for a detailed explanation of the default values The default values can be changed by inputting new values into the table like any spreadsheet The tab key or arrow keys may be used to move from one cell to the next in the tabl
247. which are Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 55 e Isolated e Pile Cap e Combined e Mat e Octagonal Design Code It is used to define concrete code to be used Current version supports 3 country codes which are e ACT 318 05 e 6BS 8110 e IS 456 2000 Default Unit Type It is used to setup default design parameters of the job We support both FPS and SI unit systems User can choose any combination of design code and default unit type In other words user can choose US design code with SI unit system Support Assignment It is used to assign supports to a job There are three assignment methods e Assign to All Supports e Assign to Selected Supports e Assign to Listed Supports Selecting first option Assign to all supports will assign all supports to the current job Selecting second option will assign all selected supports in the main view to the current job If we select third option which is Assign to Listed Supports the last field in the first group Listed Support becomes active and you can type the support numbers to be assigned to the current job The bottom group is to assign loads to the current job All load cases will be shown in available list box To include a load case first select the load case from the list and then click the button Continue for all load cases to be included Use the STAAD foundation User s Manual 4 56 Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environ
248. will automatically disappear STAAD foundation User s Manual 3 46 Section 3 Quick Tour STAAD Analysis and Design Factorization done of non zeros 255141 17 20 48 a Finished Advanced Solver factor 1 sec Advanced Solver Processing Loads 17 20 48 Advanced Solver Backsubstitution For Solutions 17 20 48 Advanced Solver Saving displacement 17 20 48 Advanced Solver Assembling Plates 17 20 48 Advanced Solver Processing Matrix 17 20 48 Advanced Solver Factorizing Matrix 17 20 48 Factor at equation 3000 of 3960 17 20 48 Factorization done of non zeros 255141 17 20 48 Finished Advanced Solver factor 0 sec Advanced Solver Processing Loads 17 20 48 Advanced Solver Backsubstitution For Solutions 17 20 48 Advanced Solver Saving displacement 17 20 48 Tension Comp converged Iters 4 Case 1 Calculating Member Forces 17 20 48 Advanced Solver Assembling Plates 17 20 48 Advanced Solver Processing Matrix 17 20 48 Advanced Solver Factorizing Matrix 17 20 48 Factor at equation 3000 of 3960 17 20 48 S Factorization done of non zeros 255141 17 20 48 Finished Advanced Solver factor 0 sec Advanced Solver Processing Loads 17 20 48 Advanced Solver Backsubstitution For Solutions 17 20 48 Advanced Solver Saving displacement 17 20 48 5S Advanced Solver Assembling Plates 17 20 48 v lt i E2 O Errors 0 Warning s
249. wo points on the screen By drawing a line on slab Using this option will allow user to draw a line in the graphics by clicking on two points Click on first point and then stretch the line to next point and click again It will transfer coordinates of those two points to the form under start and end points Graph Scale Factor The Graph Scale Factor allows you to change the vertical exaggeration factor of the stress diagram in the Graphics Window Stress Type The Stress Type drop down list box allows you to the type of plate stress you want to plot along the cut line Insert a new Cut Line Now click on the button labeled Insert a new Cut Line The following figure appears in the graphics window Section 4 STAAD foundation Graphical Environment 4 159 Now click the button labeled Design Selected Line A dialog box labeled Design Report Along a Selected Line will be displayed EE Design report along a cut line x Select Graph Type Moment Envelope Reqd Reinforcement Area Set Design Parameters Design Moment Envelope Wood and Armer Design for Ultimate load type only 0 141 a 365 23 130 54 0 200 3 371 Area a Element x in z n reco Minin tonne nar 4 560 30 00 130 54 Top 0 00 1 0 00 2 Bottom 014 1 0 00 3 560 24 01 130 54 Top 0 00 1 0 00 4 Bottom 0 01 1 0 00 5 561 18 02 130 54 Top 0 32 1 0 00 6 Bottom 0 00 1 0 00 7 561 1203 130 54 Top 0 73 1 0 00

STAAD.foundation - Bentley Communities

Contents

Download Pdf Manuals

Related Search

Related Contents