2022 Spectroscopy Amplifier U
Contents
1. Live Mode of accumulation That way the memory cycle operates only while no signal is being analyzed Amplifier Parasitic Oscillations If the cable connecting the front panel outputs of the amplifier to the ADC exceed three to six meters 10 to 15 feet in length oscillations can occur The cure is to use RG 62 cable 93 ohm impedance and terminate the ADC end of the cable with a 93 ohm metal film resistor Alternatively the 93 ohm output impedance of the amplifier can be used with no terminator Trouble Isolated to Ground Loops and or RF EMI If trouble is isolated to ground loops and or RF EMI detector system loop buster ac cessories are available to help minimize these effects An application note entitled System Considerations with High Resolution Detectors is available from the factory Model 2022 Spectroscopy Amplifier Inputs A Specifications Inputs Outputs INPUT Accepts positive or negative pulses from an associated preamplifier ampli tude 10 V divided by the selected gain for linear response 12 V maximum rise time less than SHAPING time constant decay time constant 40 us to for 0 5 1 2 4 and 8 us shaping time constants 100 us to ee for 12 us shaping time constant Z 1 KQ front and rear panel BNC connectors UNIPOLAR OUTPUT Provides positive linear active filtered near Gaussian shaped pulses amplitude linear to 10 V 12 V max de restored output de level factory cali brated2. J3 outputs The output impedances can be changed from 0 ohms to approximately 93 ohms The Model 2022 is shipped with the output impedance set for 0 ohms The rear panel outputs have a fixed impedance of 93 ohms series connected When using the front panel low impedance output short lengths of interconnecting coaxial cable need not be terminated To prevent possible oscillations longer cable lengths should be terminated at the receiving end in a resistive load equal to the cable impedance 93 ohms for type RG 62 cable The 93 ohm output may be safely used with RG 62 cable up to a few hundred meters However the 93 ohm impedance is in series with the load impedance and a decrease in the total signal range may occur For example a 50 loss will result if the load impedance is 93 ohms Another jumper plug J7 is provided to select a linear or an exponential restorer response The linear response is optimum for the faster shaping time constants and their associated noise spectra The slower shaping time constants produce noise spectra having proportionately lower frequency components requiring a different restorer response The exponential response is better suited to these shapings The Model 2022 is shipped with the restorer response jumper plug in the linear L response position which will give the best restorer response for shaping time constants of 0 5 1 2 and 4 us These are the time constants generally used with Ge proportion
3. Internal Controls on page 6 for more information MCA Controls To obtain optimum resolution the Lower Level Discriminator LLD on the MCA ADC should be set just above the noise so that the effects of pileup a mini mized Resolution Versus Count Rate and Shaping The 2 us shaping time constant is near optimum for Ge detector systems over a wide range of incoming count rates For high resolution larger shaping time constants offer a better signal to noise S N ratio resulting in better resolution However as the count rate increases the effects of pileup will degrade the resolution much sooner The optimum shaping time constant depends on the detector characteristics such as its size configuration and collection characteristics preamplifier and incoming count rate Below is a list of the optimum shaping time constant ranges for other common detec tors Scintillation Photomultiplier 0 5 Gas Proportional Counters 0 5 through 2 Silicon Charged Particle 0 5 through 2 Coaxial Germanium 2 through 4 Planar Germanium 4 through 12 Cooled Silicon 8 through 12 Resolution Destroying Interferences Vibration Transmitted to Detector and Cryostat This can be through the floor or mounting as well as direct audio coupling through the air Vibration isolators in the mounting and sound absorbing covers around the detec tor can reduce this problem Close Proximity of a Radio
4. the Pole Zero control Figures 10 and 11 show under and over compensation for the preamplifier decay time constant As illustrated in Figure 9 the UNIPOLAR output signal should have a clean return to the baseline with no bumps overshoots or undershoots Note When adjusting the P Z using the square wave technique the calibration square wave generated by the oscilloscope can be used Most scopes generate a 1 kHz square wave used to calibrate vertical gain and probe compensation Connect the scope CALIBRATION Output through an attenuator to the preamp input and repeat steps one through six in Performance Adjustments on page 7 User s Manual ICN 9231208C 9 Chapter 3 Operations Figure 9 Correct Pole Zero Compensation Figure 10 Undercompensated Pole Zero Figure 11 Overcompensated Pole Zero 10 Model 2022 Spectroscopy Amplifier Spectroscopy System Operation Restorer Response Faster shaping time constants 0 5 through 4 us give rise to output noise spectra hav ing different frequency components than the slower shaping time constants 5 through 12 us The Model 2022 provides a restorer response for each of the two conditions linear L response for the faster time constants and an exponential E response for the slower time constants Jumper plug J7 see figure 4 selects the required response Shipped in the linear L position See System Setup
5. Model 2022 Spectroscopy Amplifier 9231208C User s Manual ISO 9001 SYSTEM C CERTIFIED Copyright 2010 Canberra Industries Inc All rights reserved The material in this document including all information pictures graphics and text is the property of Canberra Industries Inc and is protected by U S copyright laws and international copyright conventions Canberra expressly grants the purchaser of this product the right to copy any material in this document for the purchaser s own use including as part of a submission to regulatory or legal authorities pursuant to the purchaser s legitimate business needs No material in this document may be copied by any third party or used for any commercial purpose or for any use other than that granted to the purchaser without the written permission of Canberra Industries Inc Canberra Industries 800 Research Parkway Meriden CT 06450 Tel 203 238 2351 FAX 203 235 1347 http www canberra com Canberra is an AREVA company The information in this document describes the product as accurately as possible but is subject to change without notice Printed in the United States of America For technical assistance call our Customer Service Hotline at 1 800 255 6370 or email techsupportO canberra com Table of Contents 1 Introduction lt a ee ee ee ee wee Re 1 2 Controls and Connectors 2 2 2 eee eee ee 2 Erontibanel aone Sogou E ao nS Sins ee ce es G
6. OE ER 0457T will accommodate the Model 2022 The right side cover of the two width NIM module acts as a guide for insertion of the instru ment The module is secured in place by turning the two front panel captive screws clockwise until finger tight It is recommended that the NIM bin power switch be OFF whenever the module is installed or removed The Model 2022 can be operated where the ambient air temperature is between 0 C and 50 C 120 F maximum Perforations in the top and bottom sides permit cool ing air to circulate through the module When relay rack mounted along with other heat generating equipment adequate clearance should be provided to allow sufficient air flow through both the perforated top and bottom covers of the NIM bin Spectroscopy System Operation A block diagram of a typical Canberra gamma spectroscopy system is shown in Figure 5 6005 O Coaxial Ge Detector Monitor Scope Figure 5 Typical Gamma Spectroscopy System User s Manual ICN 9231208C 5 Chapter 3 Operations System Setup Internal Controls 1 Prior to installation the internal controls should be set to their desired positions See Figure 4 for the locations of the controls There are two jumper plugs J1 and J2 that set the UNIPOLAR output to the prompt OUT mode these jumper should be left in the OUT position There are two jumper plugs which select the output impedance of the front panel only UNIPOLAR J4 and BIPOLAR
7. Station Picked Up by the Cryostat s Dipstick Good contact between the dipstick and the cryostat can often help solve this problem Beware of grounding the cryostat and dipstick because this may increase power line frequency 50 or 60 Hz ground loops User s Manual ICN 9231208C 11 Chapter 3 Operations 12 Ground Loops and Power Line Frequency Interference Caused by Long Cable Connections Between Detector Preamplitier and Shaping Amplifier There is no general solution for this problem As a first step the preamp should use the power supplied by the main shaping amplifier Second the system should have a sin gle point house ground For example on a general system connect the NIM bin to house ground via the ac line cord Isolate all other equipment requiring ac voltage from the house ground Connect all the chassis in the system to the grounded NIM bin using heavy braided wire High Voltage Power Supplies HVPS Generally an ac line powered HVPS should float from power line ground with the only ground being made at the preamplifier through the high voltage connecting cable Analyzer EMI If the detector is located within three to five meters 10 to 15 feet of a multichannel analyzer containing ferrite CORE memory it can receive EMI electromagnetic inter ference This is due to high memory core currents during the memory cycle of the an alyzer The only practical cure for this problem is to operate the analyzer in the
8. a high performance spectroscopy amplifier in a single width NIM module Detector Assembly cic a cer Model Model 2022 2037A Timing SCA Figure 1 Position Sensitive Detector System User s Manual ICN 9231208C 1 Chapter 2 Controls and Connectors 2 Controls and Connectors Front Panel This is a brief description of the 2023 s front panel controls indicators and connec tors For more detailed information refer to Appendix A Specifications AMPLIFIER COARSE GAIN 2022 O Six position rotary switch selects gain a bay factors of X10 X30 X100 X300 X1000 FINE GAIN and X3000 Ten turn locking dial precision potentiometer selects variable gain factor of X0 3 to X1 3 SHAPING TIME Six position rotary switch provides basic shaping time constants INPUT POLARITY 610 5 1 2 2 8 and Two position toggle switch to set the Model 12 usec 2022 for the polarity of the incoming preamplfier signal P Z Screwdriver adjustable CC ouu potentiometer to UNIPOLAR BIPOLAR optimize Pole Zero setting UNIPOLAR OUTPUT Provides positive near Gaussian pulses BIPOLAR OUTPUT Provides positive lobe leading bipolar shaped pulses INPUT Accepts positive or negative preamplifier pulses Figure 2 Front Panel Controls and Connectors 2 Model 2022 Spectroscopy Amplifier Rear Panel Rear Panel This is a brief description of the 2022 s rear panel connectors For more detailed infor matio
9. al counter surface barrier and scintillation photomultiplier detectors The exponential E response position yields optimum restorer performance with shaping time constants of 8 and 12 us These time constants are most often used with Planar Ge and Si Li detectors The exponential response may also be used with the other shaping time constants without loss of resolution performance provided that the input count rate remains below 20 keps Model 2022 Spectroscopy Amplifier Spectroscopy System Operation 2 Insert the Model 2022 into a standard NIM bin Preamp power is provided by means of a connector located on the rear panel of the Model 2022 amplifier Allow the entire system to warm up and stabilize 3 Set the Model 2022 controls as follows Shaping 2 us Coarse Gain 100 Fine Gain 7 2 4 Set the INPUT POLARITY switch to match the output polarity of the preamp positive for a Canberra Model 2001 Preamp This will give approximately a 9V output when using a preamp gain of 100 mV MeV and a Co source 5 Install a Tee connector on the Model 2022 UNI POLAR output Connect one end to the ADC s INPUT The ADC must be direct coupled for linear input signals to fully exploit the rate capabilities of the Model 2022 All Canberra ADCs are de coupled 6 Connect the other end of the Tee connector to an oscilloscope to monitor the UNIPOLAR output Performance Adjustments The pole zero trim which is extremely crit
10. d at 0 1 of full scale output 1 us SHAPING center frequency 150 kHz band width 180 kHz f and BW for other shaping are multiples of that given for 1 us RESTORER Active gated SPECTRUM BROADENING The FWHM of a Co 1 33 MeV gamma peak for an incoming rate of 2 kcps to 100 kcps and a 9 V pulse height will typically change lt 14 for 2 us shaping These results may not be reproducible if associated detector exhibits an inordinate amount of long rise time signals COUNT RATE STABILITY The peak position of a Co 1 33 MeV gamma peak for an incoming count rate of 2 kcps to 100 kcps and a 9 V pulse height will typically shift lt 0 024 for 2 us shaping Connectors All signal connectors are BNC type PREAMP POWER Rear panel Amphenol type 17 10070 Power Requirements 24 V de 125mA 12 V de 75 mA 24 V de 150 mA 12 V de 65 mA Physical SIZE Standard single width NIM module 3 43 x 22 12 cm 1 35 x 8 71 in per DOE ER 0457T NET WEIGHT 0 9 kg 2 0 Ib SHIPPING WEIGHT 1 9 kg 4 1 Ib User s Manual ICN 9231208C 15 Appendix A Specifications Environmental OPERATING TEMPERATURE RANGE 0 to 50 C 32 to 122 F OPERATING HUMIDITY 0 to 80 relative non condensing Meets the environmental conditions specified by EN 61010 Installation Category I Pollution Degree 2 16 Model 2022 Spectroscopy Amplifier B Environmental Considerations This unit complies with all applicable Eur
11. ee Bote Ae ee eee a Ole lene ote A ee 2 Rear Panel s sor iep ras Sed aco e aoe he eo Se eee Sed haw aS 3 Internal Controls 6 6 ee eed bb ew eee AER DRG ES ew ewe EE Oe 4 3 Operations yaa e pata oh BS ee ee ee eb ee 5 SAA A ogy dee poet AEs Bes ee ee eye ne eee ON tee ce at E 5 Spectroscopy System Operation 2 2 5 System SETUD y sit a dears dd Bae Ge eg he eran ae eal ae a A 6 Performance Adjustments s ae soea p a aai a a ee 7 Resolution Versus Count Rate and Shaping oaoa e e o 11 Resolution Destroying Interferences ccce e eaei awae ea a ee a 11 A Specifications errar 13 Inputs eaa e ae AE Mae Sh a Poe Ra whee Ee eee aE Hee MOE oe DOH 13 OPUS oe ee ee i ae hh a A ee ei ce ed ae eh we eS 13 Front Panel Controls c dct ca ew e a a Bad eee a ee a wt 13 Internal Control evi coria be Ce Lae e EER EEA Lew ee de ws 14 PErTOTMANCE 00 dodo a tp ede peas Es Thea OR he a we GO A BP Rabe fe ew an de Hh ty 14 COnnectOTs 44 2a Pern d SS ARA ERS Ged eee ee ee 15 Power Requirements 24 65 seb eH RRR OEE HERE EEE Ee ee ew 15 Physical 2 i oo ss GEES ee Boe OP a eee bee oe ESR Swe 15 Environmental ss 43 49 005 eae a Magee Bee Qed a we h a 16 B Environmental Considerations 17 Important Safety Considerations Read Carefully Indicates warning of mains or high voltage present at output labeled HV Risk of electrical shock if covers are removed Caution risk of danger Refer t
12. er Because of excess holes in the NIM wrap do not use any liquids to clean the wrap side or rear panels User s Manual ICN 9231208C 17 Notes Request for Circuit Information The Schematics Block Diagrams and or Circuit Description may be available for this unit directly from CANBERRA Request can be made by calling faxing or emailing Training and Technical Services Department Canberra Industries 800 Research Parkway Meriden CT 06450 Telephone 800 255 6370 FAX 203 639 2067 Email techsupport canberra com If you would like schematics and or a circuit description if available for this unit please provide us with the following information Your Name Your Address Unit s model number Unit s serial number Note Schematics block diagrams and circuit descriptions are provided for informa tion only if you service or repair or try to service or repair this unit without Canberra s written permission you may void your warranty Notes A CANBERRA Warranty Canberra we us our warrants to the customer you your that for a period of ninety 90 days from the date of shipment software provided by us in connection with equipment manufactured by us shall operate in accordance with applicable specifications when used with equipment manufactured by us and that the media on which the software is provided shall be free from defects We also warrant that A equipment manufactured by us shall be free
13. from defects in materials and workmanship for a period of one 1 year from the date of shipment of such equipment and B services performed by us in connection with such equipment such as site supervision and installation services relating to the equipment shall be free from defects for a period of one 1 year from the date of performance of such services If defects in materials or workmanship are discovered within the applicable warranty period as set forth above we shall at our option and cost A in the case of defective software or equipment either repair or replace the software or equipment or B in the case of defective services reperform such services LIMITATIONS EXCEPT AS SET FORTH HEREIN NO OTHER WARRANTIES OR REMEDIES WHETHER STATUTORY WRITTEN ORAL EXPRESSED IMPLIED INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR OTHERWISE SHALL APPLY IN NO EVENT SHALL CANBERRA HAVE ANY LIABILITY FOR ANY SPECIAL EXEMPLARY PUNITIVE INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL LOSSES OR DAMAGES OF ANY NATURE WHATSOEVER WHETHER AS A RESULT OF BREACH OF CONTRACT TORT LIABILITY INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE STRICT LIABILITY OR OTHERWISE REPAIR OR REPLACEMENT OF THE SOFTWARE OR EQUIPMENT DURING THE APPLICABLE WARRANTY PERIOD AT CANBERRA S COST OR IN THE CASE OF DEFECTIVE SERVICES REPERFORMANCE AT CANBERRA S COST IS YOUR SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDY UNDER THIS WARRANTY EXCLUSIONS Our warranty does not c
14. ical for good high count rate resolution per formance can be adjusted in either of two ways The first used a detector and a stan dard source or radiation The other used a square wave generator Each of these is described in the following paragraphs Pole Zero Using a Ge Detector and Co Adjust the source s count to between 2 kcps and 25 kcps While observing UNIPOLAR output on the scope adjust the pole zero so that the trailing edge of the unipolar pulse returns to the baseline with no over or undershoots Figure 6 shows the correct setting of the P Z control with Figures 7 and 8 showing under and over compensation for the preamplifier decay time constant Notice some small amplitude signals with long decay times in Figure 6 These are due to charge trapping in the de tector and cannot be corrected by the P Z control User s Manual ICN 9231208C 7 Chapter 3 Operations Figure 7 Undercompensated Pole Zero Figure 8 Overcompensated Pole Zero Oscilloscope Vert 50 mV div Horiz 10 us div Source Co 1 33 MeV peak 7 V amplifier Count Rate 2 kcps Shaping 2us Model 2022 Spectroscopy Amplifier Spectroscopy System Operation Pole Zero Adjustment Using a Square Wave and Preamp Test Input 1 Driving the preamp test input with a square will allow a more precise adjustment of the amplifier P Z 2 The amplifier s controls should basically be set for its intended appl
15. ication COARSE GAIN SHAPING INPUT POLARITY 3 Adjust the square wave generator for a frequency of approximately 1 kHz 4 Connect the square wave generator s output to Preamp s TEST INPUT 5 Remove all radioactive sources from the vicinity of the detector 6 Set the scope s channel 1 vertical sensitivity to 5 V div and adjust the main time base to 0 2 ms div Monitor the Model 2022 UNIPOLAR output and adjust the square wave generator s amplitude control attenuator for output signals of 8 V Note Both positive and negative unipolar pulses will be observed at the output 7 Reduce the scope vertical sensitivity to 50 mV div See the note below Note At high count rates the Pole Zero adjustment is extremely critical for main taining good resolution and low peak shift For a precise and optimum setting for the Pole Zero a scope vertical sensitivity of 50 mV div should be used Higher scope sensitivities can also be used but result in a less precise Pole Zero adjustment However most scopes will over load for a 10 V input signal when vertical sensitivity is set for 50 mV div Overloading the scope in put will distort the signals recovery to the baseline Thus the Pole Zero will be incorrectly adjusted thereby resulting in a loss of resolution at high count rates To prevent overloading the scope a clamping circuit such as Can berra Model LB 1502 Schottky Clamp Box should be used Figure 9 shows the correct setting of
16. n refer to Appendix A Specifications UNIPOLAR OUTPUT Parallel connected to front panel UNIPOLAR OUTPUT provides positive near Gaussian pulses PREAMP POWER Provides power for any Canberra preamplifier PIN FUNCTION 1 Ground 2 Clean Gnd 4 12 V de 6 24 V de 7 9 24 V de 12 Vdc Figure 3 User s Manual ICN 9231208C INPUT Parallel connected to front panel INPUT accepts positive or negative preamplifier pulses BIPOLAR OUTPUT Parallel connected to front panel BIPOLAR OUTPUT provides positive lobe leading bipolar shaped pulses MODULE POWER Connector accepts voltages from an AEC standard NIM Bin Power Supply such as the Canberra Model 2000 or 2100 Rear Panel Connectors Chapter 2 Controls and Connectors Internal Controls For proper operation of the Model 2022 jumpers J1 and J2 must be placed in the OUT position BIPOLAR Z OUT Figure 4 Internal Controls Right Side Cover Removed 4 Model 2022 Spectroscopy Amplifier Installation 3 Operations The purpose of this section is to familiarize the user with the operation of the Model 2022 Amplifier and to check that the unit is functioning correctly If the following pro cedures are carried out the user will gain sufficient familiarity with this instrument to permit its proper use in the system at hand Installation The Canberra Model 2000 bin and power supply or other bin and power supply sys tems conforming to D
17. o documentation for detailed explanation of caution symbol wherever marked Product complies with appropriate current EU directives Example of Cue mark Product complies with appropriate current FCC UL CSA 61010 1 directives Manufacturer s Address Canberra Industries Inc 800 Research Parkway Meriden CT 06450 Model 2022 Spectroscopy Amplifier 1 Introduction The Model 2022 Spectroscopy Amplifier provides excellent pulse symmetry mini mum sensitivity of output amplitude to variations in detector rise time and maximum signal to noise ratio Unipolar shaping is achieved with one differentiator and two ac tive filter integrators The differentiator is placed early in the amplifier to insure good overload recovery The integrators are placed late to minimize noise contribution from the gain stages The amplifier offers six front panel selectable pulse shaping time con stants 0 5 1 2 4 8 and 12 us The Model 2022 employs Canberra s unique baseline restorer for optimum perfor mance with high resolution detector systems The gated baseline restorer automatically adjusts the restoration rate and threshold optimizing performance to the incoming count rate and system noise level Simultaneous unipolar and bipolar outputs are available at both front and rear panel BNC connectors The bipolar output can be used for counting timing or gating The Model 2022 borrows the Model 2020 s de stability and low noise to provide
18. on to this limited license BACKUP COPIES Our software is protected by United States Copyright Law and by International Copyright Treaties You have our express permission to make one archival copy of the software for backup protection You may not copy our software or any part of it for any other purpose Revised 1 Apr 03
19. opean Union requirements Compliance testing was performed with application configurations commonly used for this module i e a CE compliant NIM Bin and Power Supply with additional CE com pliant application specific NIM were racked in a floor cabinet to support the module under test During the design and assembly of the module reasonable precautions were taken by the manufacturer to minimize the effects of RFI and EMC on the system However care should be taken to maintain full compliance These considerations include e A rack or tabletop enclosure fully closed on all sides with rear door access e Single point external cable access e Blank panels to cover open front panel Bin area e Compliant grounding and safety precautions for any internal power distribu tion e The use of CE compliant accessories such as fans UPS etc Preventive Maintenance This unit does not require any periodic cleaning maintenance Any maintenance should be performed by a qualified Canberra service representative Operating Protection Impairment Canberra is not liable for any operational malfunctions or personal injuries due to mis handling or unauthorized repair and maintenance not detailed in this manual Cleaning Decontamination When needed the unit may be cleaned Remove power from the unit before cleaning Use only a soft cloth dampened with warm water and do not allow water to enter the unit Make sure unit is fully dry before restoring pow
20. over damage to equipment which has been altered or modified without our written permission or damage which has been caused by abuse misuse accident neglect or unusual physical or electrical stress as determined by our Service Personnel We are under no obligation to provide warranty service if adjustment or repair is required because of damage caused by other than ordinary use or if the equipment is serviced or repaired or if an attempt is made to service or repair the equipment by other than our Service Personnel without our prior approval Our warranty does not cover detector damage due to neutrons or heavy charged particles Failure of beryllium carbon composite or polymer windows or of windowless detectors caused by physical or chemical damage from the environment is not covered by warranty We are not responsible for damage sustained in transit You should examine shipments upon receipt for evidence of damage caused in transit If damage is found notify us and the carrier immediately Keep all packages materials and documents including the freight bill invoice and packing list Software License When purchasing our software you have purchased a license to use the software not the software itself Because title to the software remains with us you may not sell distribute or otherwise transfer the software This license allows you to use the software on only one computer at a time You must get our written permission for any excepti
21. t Shipped in the lt 1 Q position BIPOLAR Z Jumper plug provides Z w lt 1 Q or 93 Q for the front panel BIPOLAR output Shipped in the lt 1 Q position L E Jumper plug selects a linear or exponential restorer response Shipped in the L linear position Performance GAIN RANGE Continuously variable from X3 to X3900 product of COARSE and FINE GAIN controls GAIN DRIFT lt 0 0075 C DC LEVEL DRIFT UNIPOLAR output lt 10 uV C BIPOLAR OUTPUT lt 50 uv C INTEGRAL NON LINEARITY lt 0 05 over total output range for 2 us shaping CROSSOVER WALK BIPOLAR output lt 3 ns for 50 1 dynamic range and 2 us shaping when used with Canberra Model 2037A Edge Crossover Timing Single Chan nel Analyzer OVERLOAD RECOVERY UNIPOLAR BIPOLAR output recovery to within 2 1 of full scale output from X1000 overload in 2 5 2 0 non overloaded pulse widths at full gain any shaping time constant and pole zero cancellation properly set NOISE CONTRIBUTION lt 4 0 uV true RMS UNIPOLAR 7 1 uV BIPOLAR out put referred to input 2 us shaping and amplifier gain gt 100 14 Model 2022 Spectroscopy Amplifier Connectors PULSE SHAPING Near Gaussian shape one differentiator two for bipolar two active filter integrators UNIPOLAR time to peak 2 35X shaping time pulse width 7 3X shaping time BIPOLAR time to crossover 2 8X shaping time time to peak pulse width and crossover times measure
22. to 0 5 mV front panel Z w lt 1 Q or 93 Q internally selectable rear panel Z 93 2 short circuit protected front and rear panel BNC connectors BIPOLAR OUTPUT Provides prompt positive lobe leading linear active filtered bi polar shaped pulses amplitude linear to 10 V 12 V max negative lobe is approxi mately 70 of positive lobe de coupled output de level 25 mV front panel Z w lt 1 Q or 93 Q internally selectable rear panel Z w 93 Q short circuit protected front and rear panel BNC connectors Front Panel Controls COARSE GAIN Rotary switch selects gain factors of X10 X30 X100 X300 X1000 and X3000 FINE GAIN Ten turn locking dial precision potentiometer selects variable gain fac tor of X0 3 to X1 3 resetability lt 0 03 INPUT POLARITY Toggle switch selects the polarity of the incoming preamplifier signal P Z Multi turn screwdriver adjustable pole zero potentiometer optimizes amplifier baseline recovery and overload performance for the preamplifier fall time constant and the 2022 s pulse shaping chosen 40 Us to es for 0 5 1 2 4 and 8 us SHAPING time constants 100 us to for 12 us SHAPING time constant User s Manual ICN 9231208C 13 Appendix A Specifications SHAPING TIME Rotary switch provides 0 5 1 2 4 8 and 12 us basic shaping time constants Internal Controls lt 1 Q or 93 Q for the front panel UNIPOLAR Z Jumper plug provides Z u UNIPOLAR outpu
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