Kramer Electronics, Ltd. USER MANUAL XGA Line Amplifier - AV-iQ
Contents
1. handling signal losses 6 2 VP 210xl Preset In order to use the VP 210xl efficiently the machine should be preset to the required application There are four dip switches accessible from the bottom of the machine Three are used for enabling the looping option and one is used for pin 4 ID control The use of those switches is described below and in Figure 3 When looping is needed connecting a local monitor the three dipswitches labeled R G B should be switched away from the INPUT connector side When a local monitor is not used they should be in the TERM terminate position towards the INPUT connector side When using a notebook PC that requires that the ID bit will be set ON in order to output the graphics on a local monitor then the last switch marked ID should be switched ON in the INPUT socket direction Incorrect setting of the termination switches might result in a too bright or too dim image and might damage the monitors All RGB switches should be moved together Failing to so will result in severe color distortion KRAMER ELECTRONICS LTD 9 VP210xI Bottom View OUTPUT INPUT LOOP ON Term f i D oom f o E E O e es 12 VDC LED EQ LEVEL Figure 3 Dip switch map of the VP 210x1 6 3 Handling signal losses High resolution VGA XGA signals are very sensitive to cable length and quality Long and or low quality cables tend to degrade the signal quality resulting in image smear and2. 6 to 4 1dB EQ 0 to 4dB 5 MHz VIDEO S N RATIO 73 cB DIF PHASE owo OO DIMENSIONS 12cm x 7 5cm x 2 5cm 4 7 x 2 95 x 0 98 W D H WEIGHT 0 25 kg 0 55 lbs Approx OPTIONS Model VA 50P power supply with six 12VDC outlets RK T1 and RK T3 rack adapters 8 TROUBLESHOOTING NOTES 1 Please note that if the output signal is disturbed or interrupted by very strong external electromagnetic interference it should return and stabilize when such interference ends If not disconnect power from the machine and reconnect again to reset the machine 2 If the recommended actions still do not result in satisfactory operation please consult your KRAMER Dealer KRAMER ELECTRONICS LTD 12 8 1 Power and Indicators Problem No Power Confirm that power connections are secured at the machine and at the receptacle Make sure the receptacle is active outputting the proper voltage If there is still no power use a Philips screwdriver to remove two screws on both sides of the machine and release the panel Locate the fuse holder located inside your machine Confirm that the fuse is good by looking for the wire connected between the ends of the fuse If this wire is broken replace the fuse with another with the same rating Install the machine s cover by tightening its Philips screws 8 2 VGA XGA Signal No VGA XGA the output device VGA XGA level is too high or too dim Confirm that your source and
3. equipment enclosures cables or accessories used in conjunction with the product WHAT WE WILL PAY FOR AND WHAT WE WILL NOT PAY FOR We will pay labor and material expenses for covered items We will not pay for the following 1 Removal or installations charges 2 Costs of initial technical adjustments set up including adjustment of user controls or programming These costs are the responsibility of the Kramer dealer from whom the product was purchased 3 Shipping charges HOW YOU CAN GET WARRANTY SERVICE 1 To obtain service on you product you must take or ship it prepaid to any authorized Kramer service center 2 Whenever warranty service is required the original dated invoice or a copy must be presented as proof of warranty coverage and should be included in any shipment of the product Please also include in any mailing a contact name company address and a description of the problem s 3 For the name of the nearest Kramer authorized service center consult your authorized dealer LIMITATION OF IMPLIED WARRANTIES All implied warranties including warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose are limited in duration to the length of this warranty EXCLUSION OF DAMAGES Kramer s liability for any defective products is limited to the repair or replacement of the product at our option Kramer shall not be liable for 1 Damage to other property caused by defects in this product damages based up
4. output devices are powered on and connected properly The input of your machine should be of an identical signal format at the output of your source Confirm that any other device in the signal path have the proper input and or output selected Use a VP 800 together with a known working monitor to help trace faulty cables and equipment Verify that the lines are well matched through 750hm impedances otherwise it results in a video level that is too high or too dim Confirm that the connecting cables are of high quality and properly inserted Check level controls on your source input device or output display KRAMER ELECTRONICS LTD 13 Noise bars roll Hum bars ground loop are caused by a difference in up or down in the ground potential of any two or more devices the output image connected to your signal path This difference is or compensated by passing that voltage difference Low Frequency through any available interconnection including your Hum in the cables output signal WARNING Do not disconnect the ground from any piece of equipment in the signal path 2 Check the following to remove hum bars Confirm that all interconnected equipment is connected to the same power phase if possible Remove equipment connected to that phase that may introduce noise such as motors generators etc Disconnect all interconnecting cables and reconnect them one at a time until the ground loop reappears Disconnect the affected cable and
5. replace or insert an isolation transformer in the signal path LIMITED WARRANTY Kramer Electronics hereafter Kramer warrants this product free from defects in material and workmanship under the following terms HOW LONG IS THE WARRANTY Labor and parts are warranted for three years from the date of the first customer purchase WHO IS PROTECTED Only the first purchase customer may enforce this warranty WHAT IS COVERED AND WHAT IS NOT COVERED Except as below this warranty covers all defects in material or workmanship in this product The following are not covered by the warranty 1 Any product which is not distributed by Kramer or which is not purchased from an authorized Kramer dealer If you are uncertain as to whether a dealer is authorized please contact Kramer at one of the agents listed in the web site www kramerelectronics com 2 Any product on which the serial number has been defaced modified or removed 3 Damage deterioration or malfunction resulting from a Accident misuse abuse neglect fire water lightning or other acts of nature KRAMER ELECTRONICS LTD 14 b Product modification or failure to follow instructions supplied with the product c Repair or attempted repair by anyone not authorized by Kramer d Any shipment of the product claims must be presented to the carrier e Removal or installation of the product f Any other cause which does not relate to a product defect g Cartons
6. Kramer Electronics Ltd USER MANUAL XGA Line Amplifier Model VP 210xl IMPORTANT Before proceeding please read paragraph entitled Unpacking and Contents KRAMER ELECTRONICS LTD Section 1 1 1 1 2 1 3 2 3 3 1 4 4 1 5 5 1 6 6 1 6 2 6 3 6 4 6 5 7 8 8 1 8 2 Figure Table Of Contents Name INTRODUCTION A Word on VGA XGA Distribution Line Amplifiers Handling Graphics Signals Factors Affecting Quality of Results HOW DO I GET STARTED UNPACKING AND CONTENTS Optional Accessories XGA LINE AMPLIFIER Getting to know your VP 210x1 Line Amplifier INSTALLATION Rack Mounting USING THE LINE AMPLIFIER Typical Application VP 210x1 preset Handling signal losses Adding more outputs Adding more inputs SPECIFICATIONS TROUBLESHOOTING Power and Indicators VGA XGA Signal Limited Warranty List Of Illustrations Description VP 210x1 Front Rear Panel Features A typical application of the VP 210x1l Dip switch map of the VP 210x1 List Of Tables Description VP 210x1 Front Rear Panel Features KRAMER ELECTRONICS LTD age OWA DANDADAUNNANANNNY Y Page 1 INTRODUCTION Congratulations on your purchase of this Kramer XGA Line Amplifier Since 1981 Kramer has been dedicated to the development and manufacture of high quality video audio equipment The Kramer line has become an integral part of many of the best production and presentation facilities around the world In recent years Kramer has redesigned
7. and upgraded most of the line making the best even better Kramer s line of professional video audio electronics is one of the most versatile and complete available and is a true leader in terms of quality workmanship price performance ratio and innovation In addition to the Kramer line of high quality XGA Line Amplifiers such as the one you have just purchased Kramer also offers a full line of high quality distribution amplifiers switchers processors interfaces controllers and computer related products This manual includes configuration operation and option information for the VP 210xl one of the line of Kramer VP Tools 1 1 A Word on VGA XGA Distribution Line Amplifiers VGA XGA distribution amplifiers distribute one or more signals to several users They vary in the number of inputs looping capability programming capability number of outputs operating format bandwidth and input output coupling VGA XGA distribution amplifiers are used to distribute one source to several acceptors wide screen projectors format converters etc for simultaneous recording or monitoring of one source with no discernible signal degradation The machines excel in very large bandwidth some approaching 400Mhz and very good linearity making them usable for even the highest graphics standards A good quality distribution amplifier amplifies the incoming signal may pre compensate the signal for potential losses resulting from the use of long cabl
8. andard VGA was 640x480 pixels with 4 bits of color 16 colors Standard VGA was able to use more colors 256 but at a lower resolution around 320x200 pixels which was very crude Common resolutions used today for computer graphics vary from 1024x768 up to 2000x1600 pixels with high color 16 bits of color representing 64 000 different colors up to true color 24 bits or more representing from 16 7 million colors up to several billion Displaying such a detailed and colorful image on the screen e g writing so many pixels on the screen in real time needs enormous graphics memory per frame as well as very high speeds The amplifiers that carry those signals must be able to handle those speeds and signal bandwidths Standard VGA at 640x480 resolution needed amplifiers with 20 30MHz bandwidth At 1600x1200 or even at 1280x1024 S XGA those amplifiers fail completely In order to faithfully amplify and transmit modern high resolution graphics amplifiers with bandwidths of 300 MHz and more are needed Those amplifiers besides the enormous bandwidth they handle need to be linear to have very low distortion and to be stable Stability of an amplifier is its ability to avoid bursting into uncontrolled oscillation which is in adverse relationship to the speed it can handle The tendency to oscillate is further increased by the load impedance The load impedance of a system is usually not just a resistor A cable connected to a
9. cable should be replaced with a better one 2 Ifthe whole signal is attenuated the image on the screen will become darker In this case carefully turn the LEVEL control knob clockwise Overdoing this control will result in image burnout and might damage the signal receiver therefore adjusting this control should be done very carefully Between the EQ control that should be adjusted first and the LEVEL control much of the lost signals may be restored 6 4 Adding more outputs If more outputs than the two outputs the VP 210xI provides are needed then any of Kramer VGA XGA distribution amplifiers may be used The VP 200 for example provides 2 outputs the VP 300 provides 3 the VP 400 provides 4 and so on up to the VP 12xl that is able to provide 12 parallel outputs from a single input All that is needed is to connect the output of the VP 210x to the input of the selected distributor 6 5 Adding more inputs If more inputs are needed then one of Kramer s VGA XGA switchers may be installed in front of the VP 210xl Some suitable machines are the VP 201 2 inputs VP 32x 3 inputs VP 61x1 6 inputs etc KRAMER ELECTRONICS LTD 11 7 SPECIFICATIONS INPUTS Looping analog Red Green Blue signals 0 7 Vpp 75 Q H amp V sync TTL level on HD15F connectors OUTPUT 1 Analog Red Green Blue signals 0 7 Vpp 75 Q H amp V syncs TTL level on HD15F connectors VIDEO 380 MHz 3aB BANDWIDTH CONTROLS Level 0
10. ce when the desired end result is high linearity low distortion and low noise operation B gt Distance between sources and acceptors Plays a major role in the final result For long distances of over 15 meters 2 to 3 meters for VGA XGA between sources and acceptors special measures should be taken in order to avoid cable losses These include using higher quality cables or adding line amplifiers R gt Interference from neighboring electrical appliances They can have an adverse effect on signal quality Balanced audio lines are less prone to interference but unbalanced audio should be installed far from any mains power cables electric motors transmitters etc even when the cables are shielded KRAMER ELECTRONICS LTD 4 2 HOW DOI GET STARTED The fastest way to get started is to take your time and do everything right the first time Taking 15 minutes to read the manual may save you a few hours later You don t even have to read the whole manual If a section doesn t apply to you you don t have to spend your time reading it 3 UNPACKING AND CONTENTS The items contained in your Kramer distributor package are listed below Please save the original box and packaging materials for possible future shipment 3 1 Line Amplifier Power Supply wall transformer This User Manual Kramer Concise Product Catalog or CD Two Mounting Brackets 4 Rubber Feet VVVVVWV Optional Accessories The following accessories wh
11. es noisy source etc and generates several identical buffered and amplified outputs The front panels of these Kramer amplifiers are designed to be simple to operate Typical applications of the machines are computer graphics distribution in classes point of sale and multimedia studios displaying computer graphics before large audiences using the data input of a wide screen video projector 1 2 Handling Graphics Signals A computer generated graphics signal usually comprises 5 signals Red Green Blue which are analog level signals and two TTL logic level signals Horizontal Sync and Vertical Sync Digital graphics cards and monitors use a different signal format and will not be discussed here Computer graphics resolution is measured in pixels and signal bandwidth The more pixels picture elements on the screen the more detailed the image VGA KRAMER ELECTRONICS LTD 2 S VGA XGA S XGA and U XGA are terms describing graphics resolution and color depth Color depth represents the maximum number of simultaneously displayed colors on the screen and is measured in bits 24 and 32 36 bits of color depth represent millions to billions of color shades available on the screen at any given moment It should be born in mind though that the human eye can resolve only a few thousands colors The more detailed the image higher resolution and the higher the color depth the more real the image will look The highest resolution of st
12. fine detail loss as well as signal level attenuation The VP 210xl allows the user to handle and correct those problems using the built in amplifiers Using very high quality cables of 1 2 meter length will not require adjustment even when the signals involved are UXGA signals 1600x1200 resolution At that length standard cables will allow resolutions of 640x480 and sometimes 800x600 If longer standard cables are used even at those low resolutions cable compensation is needed Even with the best available compound cables several thin cables in one sleeve at SXGA resolution 1280x1024 or UXGA resolution there will be apparent signal depreciation at over five meters In low quality cables those high resolution signals will be affected at distances even shorter than one meter KRAMER ELECTRONICS LTD 10 The VP 210xl has two user adjustable controls which should be used as following 1 If you see a signal detail loss resulting in image smear and blurring on the screen carefully turn the EQ control knob clockwise until the lost details reappear and the original resolution is resumed This control gradually compensates for the losses incurred within the cable due to its design or length Bear in mind though that beyond a certain distance dictated by the cable stray capacitance cable measure of quality losses cannot be completely recovered In this case it is advised that a lower graphics resolution should be chosen or the
13. ich are available from Kramer can enhance implementation of your machine For information regarding cables and additional accessories contact your Kramer dealer E E Rack Adapter Used to install smaller size machines in a standard 1U or 3U rack space One or more machines may be installed on each adapter VP 211 2x1 Automatic VGA Audio Switcher can be serially inserted between the XGA audio source and the Line Amplifier for XGA long line use It is a full bandwidth switcher designed for computer and presentation applications The VP 211 automatically detects the presence of a VGA XGA signal on input no 1 and routes it to the output If the signal disappears the machine switches to input no 2 and routes it to the output When the signal on input no 1 re appears the VP 211 reroutes input no 1 to the output The machine operates in audio follow video VGA mode and switches the stereo audio input appropriate to the VGA input Signal bandwidth of 517MHz ensures that the VP 211 remains transparent even in the most critical applications The VP 211 is part of the Kramer TOOLS family of compact high quality and cost effective solutions for a variety of applications KRAMER ELECTRONICS LTD 5 L VP 103 VGA to RGBS HV Converter can be serially inserted between the XGA Line Amplifier and the acceptors for XGA to RGBS HV conversion The VP 103 is a high performance VGA XGA UXGA to BNC converter which allows a single WGA XGA UXGA sou
14. n amplifier leading to the receiver or monitor may present a capacitive and or an inductive load to the amplifier This is the main cause of instability The quality problems of a load or cable may severely degrade the bandwidth linearity and stability of the amplifier and in general its ability to faithfully reproduce the signal Cables also affect image resolution Longer cables due to their imperfections cause high frequency deterioration and hence image smear and loss of resolution In computer graphics especially this adverse effect is very much accentuated Amplifiers should therefore cope with an additional task compensating for cable losses up to the maximum useful operation distance High resolution graphics systems should use very high quality cables for image transmission The cables should be shielded to eliminate externally induced interference but the shield might itself increase the capacitance of the cable and therefore cause deterioration in the image s resolution and clarity Standard KRAMER ELECTRONICS LTD 3 quality cables can only be a few meters long For longer distances compound cable is replaced by five individual coax cables which are bulky and cumbersome for use Even then the distance is limited to several tens of meters Cables may create other problems which result from their failure to accurately match the system s required impedance The result of this especially at high frequencies is shad
15. nection cables to connect the machine to other components KRAMER ELECTRONICS LTD 16 For the latest information on our products and a list of Kramer distributors visit our Web site www kramerelectronics com Updates to this user manual may be found at http www kramerelectronics com manuals html We welcome your questions comments and feedback 001 o2 S lt ua Institute of c Quality amp Control E Ug N Sa Quanity Kramer Electronics Ltd Web site www kramerelectronics com E mail info kramerel com P N 2900 001020 REV 2
16. on inconvenience loss of use of the product loss of time commercial loss or 2 Any other damages whether incidental consequential or otherwise Some countries may not allow limitations on how long an implied warranty lasts and or do not allow the exclusion or limitation of incidental or consequential damages so the above limitations and exclusions may not apply to you KRAMER ELECTRONICS LTD 15 This warranty gives you specific legal rights and you may also have other rights which vary from place to place NOTE All products returned to Kramer for service must have prior approval This may be obtained from your dealer NOTICE This equipment has been tested to determine compliance with the requirements of EN 50081 Electromagnetic compatibility EMC generic emission standard Part 1 Residential commercial and light industry EN 50082 Electromagnetic compatibility EMC generic immunity standard Part 1 Residential commercial and light industry environment CFR 47 FCC Rules and Regulations Part 15 Radio frequency devices Subpart B Unintentional radiators CAUTION D gt Servicing the machines can only be done by an authorized Kramer technician Any user who makes changes or modifications to the unit without the expressed approval of the manufacturer will void user authority to operate the equipment Use the supplied DC power supply to feed power to the machine Y y Please use recommended intercon
17. ows or ghosts on the image resulting from standing waves and electronic reflections running back and forth between transmitter and receiver Another aspect to consider is the sync As sync signals are logic signals which are not treated as analog signals the receiver does not terminate the line and therefore the line is not matched A host of problems can occur when sync signals are sent over long unterminated unmatched cables The result might be image breakdown or distortion due to improper sync information The amplifier that drives the analog section of the graphics data should also be able to buffer recover and send the sync information in such a way that it is received properly at the receiving end 1 3 Factors Affecting Quality of Results There are many factors affecting the quality of results when signals are transmitted from a source to an acceptor B gt Connection cables Low quality cables are susceptible to interference they degrade signal quality due to poor matching and cause elevated noise levels They should be of the best quality B Sockets and connectors of the sources and acceptors So often ignored they should be of highest quality since Zero Ohm connection resistance is the target Sockets and connectors must also match the required impedance 75ohm in video Cheap low quality connectors tend to rust thus causing breaks in the signal path B gt Amplifying circuitry Must provide quality performan
18. rce to simultaneously drive a local monitor and up to two compatible large display devices Many projectors and large monitors use BNC connectors rather than multi pin D connectors found on computers The VP 103 solves this physical incompatibility and also provides the local monitor loop through and the necessary buffering amplification and sync processing for remote acceptor applications Note that the VP 103 does not perform any scan rate conversion The VP 103 will accept all typical VGA modes such as VGA SVGA XGA SXGA and UXGA and will output RGsB RGBS or RGBHV Video bandwidth of 315 MHz ensures transparent operation at multiple resolutions including XGA For applications not requiring a local monitor a front panel termination switch is provided eliminating the need for external termination plugs The machine provides Level and Cable Equalization from easy access front panel controls The VP103 is rugged dependable and runs on a standard 12VDC source and is therefore perfectly suitable for fieldwork 4 XGA LINE AMPLIFER This section describes the controls and connections of your amplifier Understanding the controls and connections helps you realize the full power of your machine 4 1 Getting to Know Your VP 210xl Line Amplifier The Kramer VP 210x is a high performance Line Amplifier for VGA KGA signals It accepts one input provides correct buffering and isolation loops it out to a local monitor or another acceptor and ou
19. the RK T3 optional adapter 3U rack space for mounting up to eight machines 5 2 Connecting TO VGA XGA Devices VGA XGA sources and output devices such as monitors projectors or recorders may be connected through the HD 15F connectors located on the back of the unit 6 USING The Line Amplifier 6 1 Typical Application A typical application is described in figure 2 below VGA XGA Source Data Projector Monitor KRAMER XGA Line Amplifier VP 210x LEVEL EQ ON 12V DC C Ee E Figure 2 A typical application of the VP 210xl KRAMER ELECTRONICS LTD Computer based graphics is used in video production in presentation applications for education purposes and more It is frequently necessary to distribute PC graphics from one source to a remote acceptor Figure 2 describes a typical XGA line amplification where the source feeds a local monitor and is distributed to a remote acceptor Perform the following steps 1 Preset the machine according to the description in section 6 2 2 Connect VGA XGA source to the input of the amplifier 3 Connect a local XGA VGA monitor if needed to the loop connector of the amplifier 4 Operate the amplifier source and acceptors 5 Adjust if needed the level control and the cable EQ control As described in section 6 3
20. tputs an amplified and equalized signal to a remote acceptor The machine provides output level control and cable equalization using two rotary controls on the front panel of the machine The machine allows input signal termination and ID bit control via 4 small switches under the chassis Video bandwidth exceeding 380 MHz ensures that the VP 210x remains transparent even at the highest resolution UXGA modes 1600x1200 It is ideal for remote monitor applications or presentation systems requiring a local monitor and a large screen display such as a projector at close or remote locations A 12V power supply is included KRAMER ELECTRONICS LTD 6 OUTPUT XGA Line Amplifier ON 12V DC Figure 1 VP 210x1 Front Rear Panel Features Table 1 VP 210xl Front Rear Panel Features No Feature LOOP HD 15 connector VGA XGA loop output to local monitor INPUT HD 15 connector VGA XGA input OUTPUT HD 15 connector VGA XGA output to remote acceptor Function LEVEL Control Knob Adjusting VGA XGA signal output level EQ Control Knob Adjusting VGA XGA cable equalization ON LED Glows when power is supplied 12VDC Socket 12 Volts power feed to the machine KRAMER ELECTRONICS LTD 7 5 INSTALLATION 5 1 Rack Mounting The VP 210x1 line amplifier may be rackmounted in a standard 19 1U or 3U EIA rack assembly using either the RK T1 optional adapter 1U rack space for mounting up to three machines or
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