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1. 27 FormatsofResultstile 28 PresentingResulis 28 Vil Handling Cleaning Maintenance and Storage 29 1 a e a e e e 29 2 e e Ny N 29 3 STORAGE 2 messen 30 VIII FAQ Ss aaa 31 APPENDIX A File names File Formats and Size Classes 33 APPENDIX B Purging the Pitot System uuuuuussnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnennnnnn 37 APPENDIX C Cleaning the Optics ccccseseeseeeeeeeeeseeeeeeeenneeeeseneens 40 APPENDIX D Background FilesS ccsssseeeseeseeeeeenseeseesseeseeeneessoeas 42 APPENDIX E Detailed Accessories List cccccssssseeeseeseeseeeneeeeoens 43 APPENDIX F B ReelCablelermination 45 APPENDIX G List of Videos u uenaeea alum dn 46 Warranty sarean AM MM 48 I Introduction Dear LISST SL Customer Thank you for purchasing the LISST SL iso kinetic sediment grain size analyzer It is a sophisticated system for use from bridges It provides all the data necessary to compute sediment transport in a river The measured parameters are river velocity sediment concentration and size distribution as a function of depth depth of the instrument at any time and water temperature The combination of sediment velocity and depth data permit estimation of sediment transport rate also called sediment flux
2. water flow sensor Glass windows Ring Detector laser measurements 32 solutions are obtained using methods of linear algebra These 32 solutions are the concentration of sediments in 32 size classes The sum of all these represents the total suspended sediment concentration A full description of this method is available in several publications For more detail we invite the reader to review the Application Note How LISST instruments measure the size distribution and concentration of particles on our website http sequoiasci com Articles ArticlePage aspx pageld 119 1 4 Terminology Background Files and VIEW RINGS In this manual you will frequently read about ring detectors Sometimes just rings It is important to understand what this means We therefore offer a brief description of instrument optics In the figure above a laser beam illuminates particles in water flowing between two water tight glass windows For a cut out cross section of the instrument see figure at end of this chapter The particles scatter light one example ray is shown as a thin line A receive lens collects this light On the focal plane of this lens a special detector is placed It consists of 32 concentric rings of silicon hence the term rings or ring detector At the center of the rings is a 75 um diameter hole The laser beam passes through this hole and is detected with a silicon photodiode transmission se
3. sEQUOIA 22 3 Collecting Data LISST SL V2 1 User s Guide e Place the TCB on the platform in a safe secure place e Connect power cable from TCB to the slip ring on the B reel e Connect the LISST SL underwater connector to the termination of the B reel e Remove any caps on the pitot tube e Lower the instrument in water Hold just below the surface e Tie off the platform to the bridge rail or otherwise secure the system to prevent accidents e Turn on power at the TCB e Press the SETUP button set clock and units Return to MAIN MENU e Press CALIBRATE button e Follow directions Check that Steps 1 3 are done and check them by touching the screen e Press the COLLECT BACKGROUND button e Press UPDATE When data looks favorable compared to factory values press SAVE e When finished press CANCEL button to go back to MAIN MENU e o Test your background with the instrument still in river with the filter etc connected use the MEASURE button to view Concentration If it is in the range of approximately 1 mg l the background is good e Cancel and stop the instrument Pull up the LISST SL to remove filter etc Now that you have a good background you are ready Follow the following steps e Make sure to turn off power at the TCB e Pull up the LISST SL and remove the tubing and filter e _ Lower the instrument in the river e Turn on power on TCB then press MEASURE To interrupt data collect
4. Total Mass Conc mg l 456 81 Assumed density 2 65 Sequoia Scientific Inc Sequoia Scientific Inc Start Display KI B gt gt First lt Prev Next gt Last lt 0 0 Interval Sec 5 0 The size distribution will be displayed in the left frame the cumulative size distribution will be displayed on the right frame and mean size and total mass concentration of sediments will be displayed Use the bottom left button marked START DISPLAY to view the size distributions one after the other You may return to the first or last SEQUOIA 27 7 Formats of Results file 8 Presenting Results LISST SL V2 1 User s Guide sample and review the data The scale on the ordinate y axis of the size distribution can be adjusted at any time using the Scale button bottom right The formats of all files txt csv and asc are provided in Appendix A Sequoia Scientific Inc does not provide software for you to prepare your reports You may load the csv and or asc files into any plotting software for report preparation If using Excel note that the csv file is a comma separated variable file SEWQUOIA 28 Vil Handling Cleaning Maintenance and 1 Handling 2 Cleaning LISST SL V2 1 User s Guide Storage When handling the instrument at all times please remember that the LISST SL is a high precision optical instrument Avoid mechanical shocks and impact to the LISST SL or th
5. In the shipment to you you will find 3 main items which comprise the LISST ST Instrument System These are the LISST SL submersible sensor a Topside Controller Box TCB and a B reel if you ordered one If you did not order a B reel you will need to procure one from one of many vendors in the US There are many more items of accessories and software for downloading and processing raw data A full list of items shipped to you appears in Chapter 2 Contents and Technical Specifications We now introduce you to each of these 1 1 LISST SL Sensor The main system is the streamlined submersible LISST SL sensor This is only a sensor it needs power to operate and it has no data storage capacity So it must be connected to the Topside Controller Box See Section 1 3 The LISST SL sensor contains the laser optics scattered light sensing photodiodes and amplifiers and an iso kinetic pump Whenever power is applied to the SL from the TCB via a short SL to TCB cable or via the B reel cable a dedicated microprocessor inside the SL begins operation It senses stream velocity from the pitot tube 5 turns on and controls operation of the internal pump to match stream velocity i e in iso kinetic mode LISST SL V2 1 User s Guide sEQUOIA 1 and immediately begins transmitting data to the TCB It continues transmitting data regardless of if the TCB is capturing it or not In this regard it is a dumb sensor The SL needs the TCB
6. tygon tube with water and attach it to the pitot cap a short 3 8 diameter tube can be added 38 Final Purge to adapt it to the pitot Do not introduce any air in the tubing to the pitot cap Raise the free end of the tubing above the water surface between 0 5 to 1 meter above the water surface Plug in the power cable from the TCB to the SL sensor Turn on the TCB When the data light on the TCB is blinking the audible clicking sound from the LISST SL is the solenoid activating Any bubbles that were in the system should escape within 15 minutes As a quick check of the velocity sensor a measured head can be applied to the Checking Velocity Functionality _ pitot and the results viewed on the TCB Set the column of water in the tubing at 30 cm 12 inches above the water surface Select the Measure mode on the TCB The velocity should be approximately 2 4 m sec 8 ft sec Lower the column water to 7 cm 3 inches and the velocity should be approximately 1 2 m sec 4 ft sec This verifies that the pitot tube system is functioning properly Turn off the TCB Remove the tubing and put a plastic cap or a short tube with a pinch clamp on the pitot Put a rubber band around the sensor over the static ports The pitot tube system is now ready for deployment If for some reason the sensor is operated in air without caps on the pitot tube system a meter length of tubing filled with water can be attached to the pitot nozzle and
7. 4 01 4 73 5 58 6 59 7 77 DEN Z 10 8 12 8 15 1 17 8 21 0 24 8 29 2 34 5 40 7 48 0 56 7 66 9 78 9 93 1 110 130 153 181 213 252 297 350 lll Learning the LISST SL System 1 Basics 3 Topside Control Box TCB Calibrate Setup Lt pa ii Measure S Eu OLA LISST SL V2 1 User s Guide In Chapter I we described the LISST SL sensor and familiarized you with the component systems that are visible To refresh the LISST SL sensor whenever powered immediately begins to adjust the internal pump to iso kinetic operation and starts transmitting data Iso kinetic means when water is taken into the LISST SL ata velocity matching the river velocity The power source is in the TCB and data are managed by the TCB also which has a touch screen display For the purposes of this manual we will assume that the user has a bridge top cart to which the B reel would be mounted The user will also need to locate a place to position the Topside Control Box LISST SL Sensor The LISST SL is shipped to you with caps on the intake and pitot tube openings and on the underwater connector Remove all for use but keep them covered when in storage A flexible tube is also attached to the water exit end Leave this as is It will be used for acquiring the in situ Background file B Reel Recall from Chapter that the B reel is a battery powered or manually operated winch with a strong steel cable The
8. purged for 15 minutes at the deployment site LISST SL V2 1 User s Guide sEQUOIA 39 APPENDIX C Cleaning the Optics See also video 15 16 m After a deployment connect a tygon tube to the sample intake fitting and flush it with clean water A funnel is included in the accessories kit Fill it with water and with a pinch clamp on the tygon tubing capture a volume of water inside to keep the windows wetted until a convenient time and place is available for cleaning Cleanliness of the optics can be determined by observing the ring values in the Background Calibration function Cleaning should be repeated until the ring values do not decrease any further Refer to Appendix D for a discussion on the acceptable quality of clean optics Set the LISST SL on the instrument stands Angle the SL so the nose is higher than the nose to prevent contamination from the pump cavity from flowing back onto the windows Drain out all water rinse it with clean water Attach a cleaning patch on the cleaning rod using the tweezers provided Wet the cleaning patch with the cleaning solution Insert it into the sampling tube Rotate it and stroke it over the last 3 cm of travel The windows are 32 cm from the end of the sampling tube Some resistance can be felt as the patch is passing between the windows Repeat this procedure 3 or 4 times and rinse with clean water Replace the cleaning patches frequently To verify the cleanliness of the windows check th
9. 5 To prevent large sediment grains from entering the pitot tube a 35 micron metal screen is fitted behind the conical opening Whenever not in use KEEP THE PITOT TUBE covered with a pinched tube or a plastic cap provided with the shipment Not doing so may dry up the passage to the pitot pressure sensor and introduce bubbles We will describe separately how to identify if bubbles are present in the pitot tube and how to remove bubbles This is a time consuming process so best to keep the pitot tube covered Note that the front 6 and rear 7 bulkheads are identified on the photo A large fin is provided to stabilize the LISST SL Sensor and point it into the flow The downward fin as against the upward surfaces on airplanes is chosen so that the fins enter water first immediately spinning the instrument and pointing it into the flow Do not be alarmed if the LISST SL sways in the river current turbulent eddies in the river cause the instantaneous flow direction to veer the instrument follows this instantaneous direction 1 2 The B reel This is an essential system It has 50m of a strong cable wrapped on a barrel and a handle to manually operate it as a winch The B reel serves a dual purpose it is used to lower the LISST SL sensor from the bridge and also it provides electrical connection between the sensor and the Topside Controller Box TCB which houses data scheduling and controlling electronics The B reel cable has a river side en
10. Optical Transmission Depth of instrument Temperature of water Water velocity in the river Pump drive voltage and current semi quantitative bars State of Charge of the Battery 2 Operating Specifications e Sediment Concentration 10 2000 mg l nominal Depends on grain size Silt Density is assumed to be 2 65 for other values you will need to adjust the density as follows first divide by 2 65 then multiply by new density e Size Ranges 1 9 381 um for randomly shaped grains versus spheres e Size Resolution 32 log spaced size classes each size is 1 1809 times previous Mean Size 1 9 to 381 microns See Appendix A Optical Transmission 0 to 100 Useful range 30 98 Depth of operation 0 30 m 100ft Operating Temperature 0 40 C 32 104 F River velocity 0 3 m sec or 0 10 ft sec Isokinetic control range 0 5 to 3 m sec or 1 5 to 10 ft sec pump minimum speed is set to a low value to prevent sediment accumulation within it e Power consumption 24V 2 5Amp with pump full on 3 Datalogger Specifications 128 MB storage capacity corresponding to at least 100 000 size distributions and associated sample information over 20 hours operation e Expandable to 4 GB o RS232 Interface 4 Power e Battery Rechargeable Lithium ion battery pack 24V x 19 2 A hr inside TCB o Battery life on bridge 8 Hours nominal WILL NOT CHARGE WHILE TCB IS IN USE e Battery Alarm will sound w
11. SEQUOIA and Customer agree as follows 1 Limited Warranty SEQUOIA warrants that upon delivery by SEQUOIA a the Products will be free from defects in materials and workmanship b the Products will perform substantially in accordance with SEQUOIA s applicable specifications and c any Products or components or parts thereof that are manufactured by SEQUOIA do not infringe any U S patent or copyright 2 Correction of Non Compliance If any Product does not comply with the warranties set forth in 1 a and 1 b above SEQUOIA will at its option either a repair the Product b replace the Product or c refund the purchase price paid by Customer to SEQUOIA for the Product provided that Customer gives SEQUOIA written notice of the noncompliance within one 1 year after SEQUOIA s delivery of the Product as the same may be extended for repaired or replacement Products as provided for herein the Warranty Period If Customer does not give SEQUOIA such written notice within the Warranty Period then such warranties will be satisfied in full Customer will cooperate with SEQUOIA s efforts to repair or replace any noncomplying Product Without limiting the generality of the foregoing Customer will comply with SEQUOIA s request for return of any such Product to SEQUOIA in which event SEQUOIA will pay for round trip shipment within the United States or for access to accomplish the repair or replacement on Customer s premises As to any Prod
12. SL and river water can cause scintillation of laser beam in water and invent large particles the in situ background is collected after bringing the SL to river water temperature A 15 minute submergence is recommended for the SL to reach river temperature You must pack the following items LISST SL Topside Controller Box B reel A platform for the B reel Gallon of filtered clear water A 0 2 micron filter cartridge provided by Sequoia e Tubing and fittings to connect to SL for an in situ background file collection e Cable to connect TCB to B reel e Termination on the B reel to connect to the SL this is provided by Sequoia if you purchased the B reel through us e Carry the rest of the accessories supplied to you as these may come in handy as well Check for air in pitot tube The best indicator is that the velocity numbers show erratic values if there is air See also Appendix B If air is present follow procedure in Appendix B Prepare for an in situ background file collection e Make sure you have cleaned the water passage It is a good idea to use the Cleaning Rod see photos in Appendix E to clean windows a few times After each cleaning check the background each time When backgrounds look similar proceed next e Connect tubing and 0 2 micron filter to the LISST SL as before Fill the recirculating path tubing and filter with filtered clean water e Mount the B reel on its platform
13. SL system is connected together operations involve these 3 simple steps 1 Verify that the pitot tube is free of air bubbles 2 Acquire a background datafile this contains measurements of scattering from optics on to the detectors and some other parameters 3__ Capture river stream data We will describe each of these 3 steps in Chapter 3 _ LISST SL V2 1 User s Guide sEQUOIA 3 Quick Reference Sheet The touch screen panel is intuitive and easy to use A two sided laminated Quick Reference Sheet is attached to the inside cover of the TCB Once you understand the operations this sheet will be sufficient to remind you of the procedures for use Pen For note writing or for selecting very small fonts as in Delete Files a pen is provided Please keep this attached to the clip on the inside of the cover Laser Diffraction Principles Because some of the terminology in this manual refers to principles and components of laser diffraction a brief explanation is offered here The measurement of sediment size distribution and concentration is based on the principle of laser diffraction The idea is as follows Inside the SL the river water passes between a pair of parallel glass windows A laser beam crosses these windows Light scattered by particles in this laser beam is collected by a receive lens and is sensed by 32 ring shaped detectors each one covering a small distinct angle sub range From these 32 Receive lens Ring detector
14. cable has a conductor at center which makes the cable a 2 conductor wire The free end of the cable is terminated to connect to the lifting point and to the electrical connector on the LISST SL For quick tests it is not essential to have the B reel between the LISST SL and the TCB A short cable is provided so that you may directly connect the LISST SL to the TCB The electrical termination of the steel cable should always be protected from shorts If you did not purchase the B reel from Sequoia you will need to terminate the free end of the steel cable The pin outs for wiring are in Appendix F The Topside Control Box TCB In order to make the LISST SL user friendly and self contained i e not needing a computer the TCB was developed It encloses the battery and the computer that responds to the touch screen commands controls the display and also stores data An intuitive menu driven interface has been created When the power switch is sEQU OIA 11 Setup Menu SO Set Clock Set Units lt w Delete Files L Retum Setup Menu Set System Clock Use Keypad to Enter Time and Date i rele set Cock dele New Date MM DD YY New Time HH MM SS 04 25 08 03 15 44 gt Set Units for Depth and Velocity Select either ft and ft sec or m and m sec bi Cancel Set Units Files Saved to Memory R1160237 ASC_ Apr 25 2008 02 37 28 A R1160326 ASC Apr 25 2008 03 26 58 R11603W ASC Apr 25 2008 03 30 44 R1
15. double clicking on the LISST SL icon on your desktop A dialog box appears with 3 options OFFLOAD PROCESS VIEW PSD FILE Choose OFFLOAD Offload the files into the folder SEQUOIA 26 5 Processing Raw Data File 6 Viewing Results LISST SL V2 1 User s Guide that you wish to use later If the LISST SL software is already running choose the Quick Launch button under the File menu option Then select Offload Data button This completes the download process You may select another file to download the same way You can also select a number of files at once to download by following procedures identical to the Microsoft File Manager This button processes your raw data file to produce files containing size distributions After downloading data or directly from the Quick Launch button press the PROCESS RAW DATA button You will be prompted to select the file to process the instrument serial number and the background file that was collected with this data file The processing takes very little time and is typically finished in a few seconds to a few tens of seconds depending on file size A size distribution file of the psd type and of the asc type will result Press the VIEW PSD FILE button from the main menu Select the file to view In a new window see below W R0641515 Laser In Situ Scattering and Transmissometry LISST Particle Size Distribution Cumulative Concentration Mean u 32 09 Sample Number 1
16. to clean the optics 16 Merin the cleaning rod to clean the optics 17 GESSAn example of a head pressure applied to the pitot tube 18 SFApplying an artificial head on the pitot tube to purge the velocity sensor 19 Purging through the pitot tube until water drips from the static port 20 Be rounting the 0 2um filter to the tail fin 21 Moni the copper tube for filtered background collection 22 Be citing the 0 2um filter 23 Filling tubes and connecting filter outlet to the copper tube 24 amp Connecting the filter outlet to the copper tube on the correct side 25 BF connecting the SL to TCB cable 26 amp Operating the TCB to purge the 0 2um filter 27 t amp Using the View Rings feature on the TCB 28 HEBEAn example of View Rings Before Cleaning the optics LISST SL V2 1 User s Guide sEQUOIA 29 CI example of View Rings After Cleaning the optics 30 P witching from View Rings to Background Collection 31 BB connecting the B Reel cable to the SL 32 BB connecting the TCB to B Reel cable LISST SL V2 1 User s Guide sEQUOIA Warranty STATEMENT OF LIMITED EXTENDED WARRANTY This Statement of Limited Extended Warranty applies to the products Products being purchased by Customer from Sequoia Scientific Inc SEQUOIA pursuant to PO the Order The Products include but are not necessarily limited to the following LISST SL Particle Size Analyzer Serial Number
17. 160332 ASC Apr 25 2008 03 32 56 R1160333 ASC Apr 25 2008 03 33 32 R1160357 ASC Apr 25 2008 03 57 38 R1160234 ASC Apr 25 2008 02 40 04 R1160241 ASC Apr 25 2008 02 42 02 R1460257 ASC May 25 2008 02 57 18 R1051249 ASC Apr 14 2008 12 49 40 Select File to Delete R1160237 ASC Apr 25 2008 02 37 28 R1160326 ASC Apr 25 2008 03 26 58 R1160330 ASC Apr 25 2008 03 30 44 R1160332 ASC Apr 25 2008 03 32 56 R1160333 ASC Apr 25 2008 03 33 32 R1160357 ASC Apr 25 2008 03 57 38 R1160234 ASC Apr 25 2008 02 40 04 R1160241 ASC Apr 25 2008 02 42 02 R1460257 ASC May 25 2008 02 57 18 R1051249 ASC Apr 14 2008 12 49 40 LISST SL V2 1 User s Guide pressed on the TCB first a brief picture of the LISST SL is flashed After that the main menu appears The main menu is where you make the key selections The SETUP button is for settings on the firmware of the TCB e g setting the clock units etc The CALIBRATE button is to collect a Background Scatter file The MEASURE button is to operate the instrument to collect data We now describe details of operation These same guidelines are also graphically shown on the Quick Reference Sheet attached to the inside of the lid of the TCB SET UP Pressing the SETUP button takes you to a panel with 4 choices i Set Clock ii Set Units iii List saved files and iv Delete saved files From each of these you return to the SETUP menu by pressing the CANCEL button at bottom right P
18. Chapter VI SEQUOIA 17 IV Using the LISST SL System ina Laboratory 1 First Now that you have become familiar with the subsystems Assembly and LISST SL sensor the B reel and the TCB we describe a _ test assembly in the laboratory and basic operations Test in Laboratory For this test make sure the instrument has been at room LISST SL V2 1 User s Guide 14 20 21 ta temperature for at least 4 hours and the water you use is also at room temperature Temperature difference between the instrument and water can cause scintillation of the laser beam and invent large particles System Integration For this test follow the steps below e Place the LISST SL on the provided foam stand Position the front stand under the inlet nozzle so the LISST SL is at a slight angle pointing down e Using the black cable connect the LISST SL to the TCB Do not turn on power e Slide the copper coil over the nose of the LISST SL and insert the inlet nozzle into the tygon tubing on the end of the copper tube e Attach the 0 2um filter cartridge to the tail fin and connect the filter inlet tube to the pump outlet quick disconnect fitting e Place a carboy filled with clean water less than one meter above the LISST SL Connect a inch 6mm internal diameter tygon tube about 3 ft Im to copper tube quick disconnect fitting Use a pinch clamp on the tygon tube e Remove the vent on the 0 2um filter and open the pi
19. LISST SL Operating Manual LISST SL Version 2 1 SEQUOIA Technical assistance To obtain technical assistance please contact your local distributor a list can be found on http www SequoiasSci com contact international aspx Section Name contact or a Sequoia Technical Service Representative listed below Please be sure to include the instrument serial number with any correspondence Factory Technical Service Representatives Randy Srnsky randy srnsky SequoiaSci com 1 425 641 0944 ext 110 Chuck Pottsmith pottsmith SequoiaSci com 1 425 641 0944 ext 107 Ole Mikkelsen ole mikkelsen SequoiaSci com 1 425 641 0944 ext 108 This document is copyrighted by SEQUOIA SCIENTIFIC INC It shall not be reproduced disclosed used in whole or part for any purpose without the specific written authorization of SEQUOIA SCIENTIFIC INC i mi4 ROM u e oe a A u a ob OhwWM oo e ma Vi Se m a a Contents PE OG eg EE E E 1 LISST SL SONS OM sase menemen e ai 1 a7 A AN PM NM 2 ThelTopsideControlBox TCB 3 TREN OO Yaa cm ci ole al e a ln ee Bl oda 4 Contents and Technical Specifications 7 ParametersDisplayedon1CB 8 OperatingSpecificatlons 8 Datalogger Specificatlons 8 FO A A A A YE 8 Physical DIMENSIONS memesine a ierisinde insane 8 Data
20. O NOT TRY TO CHARGE THE BATTERY WHEN THE TCB IS IN USE THE BATTERY WILL NOT ACCEPT CHARGE ALWAYS SHUT DOWN POWER FIRST Pressing the STOP button from this panel takes you back to the Main Menu That completes a description of the use of the TCB Please charge the battery inside the TCB using ONLY the charger provided to you by Sequoia Lithium battery manufacturers do not recommend charging the batteries unattended for long periods of time Limit charging to overnight or while attended The charger indicates the batteries are fully charged with a Green LED and will automatically cut off The LED is Red when it is charging Charging Lithium batteries requires smart chargers If you attempt to charge the battery with some other charger your warranty will be voided The battery charger has a connector that mates to the charging connector on the TCB panel lower left Note again that the battery can not be charged with the TCB in use If attempted the charging is disabled but the TCB will function normally A Comm Cable is provided The TCB end of this cable is identical to the charging cable Only one function can be carried out at a time battery charging or data download When the data download cable is connected to the TCB and power is turned on the following graphic briefly appears on the TCB screen External Interface Activated The graphic disappears when the Windows software is launched on the PC See
21. S EXPRESS OR IMPLIED SEQUOIA DISCLAIMS ANY AND ALL WARRANTIES EXPRESS OR IMPLIED INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY ARISING FROM COURSE OF PERFORMANCE COURSE OF DEALING OR USAGE OF TRADE OTHER THAN THOSE SPECIFICALLY SET FORTH IN PARAGRAPH 1 5 Exclusive Remedies CUSTOMER S RIGHTS AND REMEDIES SET FORTH IN PARAGRAPHS 2 AND 3 ABOVE ARE EXCLUSIVE AND IN LIEU OF ANY AND ALL OTHER RIGHTS AND REMEDIES FOR ANY BREACH OF OR OTHER FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH ANY WARRANTY WITH REGARD TO ANY PRODUCT 6 No Consequential Damages SEQUOIA will not be liable for any indirect incidental special or consequential damages any cover or any loss of revenue profit data or use 7 Limitations of Liability SEQUOIA s liability whether in contract tort or otherwise and notwithstanding any fault negligence strict liability or product liability with regard to any Product including but not limited to any breach of or default under the Order by SEQUOIA will in no event exceed the purchase price paid by Customer to SEQUOIA for such Product Further SEQUOIA will not be liable for or be in breach of or default under the Order on account of any delay or failure to perform as a result of any cause condition or circumstance beyond SEQUOIA s reasonable control 8 Statute of Limitations Customer will not commence any action based on breach of warranty w
22. TEM BEFORE STORAGE A simple way to do this is to remove the intake tube from the turbid water tank and put it in a clean water tank Turn on TCB power and select Calibrate The pump will run full power Pump a few liters of clean water through You may add a little bleach to prevent algae growth in the water passage and pump To prevent air from entering the pitot tube cover the pitot opening with a pinched tube se vora 21 V Field Deployment 1 Preparing fora Field Experiment 20 26 Fa 2 Getting set up on the bridge Clean Water Calibration Step 1 Attach filter between pump outlet and intake nozzle Step 2 Purge filter assembly with clean water to remove air Step 3 Submerge LISST SL in river to equalize the temperature 31 32 PA LISST SL V2 1 User s Guide If you have gone through a Laboratory instrument system health check you are mostly prepared for a field test Field assembly can be minimized by leaving all exterior plumbing attached filled with water and tested before taking the instrument to the testing site The only difference is that you will collect an in situ background file This is to make fine corrections related to temperature and to remove atmospheric pressure changes from depth data The in situ background file is collected with clean water recirculating through the instrument with an in line 0 2 micron filter provided Because temperature differences between the
23. User s Guide sEQUOIA 33 Size Classes File provided on the CD accompanying the instrument Contains data on the instrument File containing information about the instrument Here s an example of content of one file for instrument Serial number 2005 S N instrument type C Calibration Constant and the x denotes data are saved in high sensitivity mode 2005 C 8192 1169 x File containing the Background data on the instrument in format identical to the Background file see later in this Appendix The YYYY refers to instrument serial number A file used by the data processing program It applies geometrical factors to raw data Also used in processing data in MATLAB Text File created with data For easy reading Contains information about the other files Here is an example of one such file LISST SL Data File Created on Thursday March 04 2010 12 31 36 Day 063 LISST SL Serial number 2005 Firmware Version 2 200 Mar 1 2010 16 45 31 Concentration and Mean Size Data in file R0631231 csv Raw Scattering Data in binary file R0631231 dat Background file used for Calculations Z0620631 asc Units for Depth are Feet Unit for Velocity are Feet sec Comma separated file opens in MS Excel saves data displayed on TCB during data collection Contains columns with these titles Elements Description Axxxxxxx dat Binary data file 50 variables per record All values are digital counts and therefore are
24. a regular update of the background about once every 2 seconds A good background can only be obtained if the rings view is steady with minimal or no change If there are bubbles or particles in the water the rings display will show variability This is NOT a good situation to capture a background file If you see variability remove bubbles from the system and remove particles attach a filter to the intake Then repeat When the view rings display updates with minimal variability you are ready to capture a background A future version of this firmware will guide you to automatically accept or reject a background Press Cancel to go back to the Main Menu Again choose Calibrate On the Clean Water Calibration screen DO NOT check the View Rings button bottom left Press the Collect Background button A screen Get Clean Water Background will open Press UPDATE button to capture an updated background After averaging 20 samples roughly 25 seconds the display will show your new background data and the factory values red line Ideally the two should be very similar Also displayed at the top of frame are two variables Lp and Lref We explain their meaning shortly You may save the new background file by pressing the SAVE button at bottom right of the frame The file will be saved and you will see the Main Menu appear If you list all the files on your TCB you will not see this new file However when you download files with the win
25. al criterion for accepting a background measurement In the end it is noise on your measurement that determines your confidence in the data LISST SL V2 1 User s Guide sEQUOTA 42 APPENDIX E Detailed Accessories List TCB Battery Charger Used Only with TCB Power Off Communications Cable For Data Download Only Nose Wrench Used to Remove Nose Section Tool Kit For Removing Installing Tail Fin etc 4 a Cleaning Rod to clean glass Windows Without Removing Nose Cone LISST SL V2 1 User s Guide SL to TCB Cable Used in Lab Testing Without B reel 5 Pin Impulse Plug and Sleeve Protection of SL Underwater Connector in Transit or Storage Tweezers 0 2um Filter Assembly Used to Get Background Cleaning Patches Insert at Cleaning End of Cleaning Rod se uora TCB to B_REEL Cable 3 pin Impulse Plug O ring Pick Foam Instrument Stands z Cleaning Solution Red Taper Plugs for Plugging Pressure Sensor Ports Hose Pinch Clamps LISST SL Tail Fin LISST SL V2 1 User s Guide 35 um Screen Spares for Pitot Nozzle Rubber Bands to Cover Pressure Ports Syringes Wing Nuts to Hold Filter to Tail Tail fin Screws seMUOTA Pins and Clips Plastic Pitot Tube Caps for Pitot Tube Tozzle in Storage 3 8 x 3 8 Tube Adapter APPENDIX F B Reel Cable Termination The LISST SL has a 5 pin underwater connector on the sensor The inner wire on the B Reel st
26. ation it is a good idea to run chlorinated water through the system to prevent biological growth on the internal surfaces The next Section describes opening and processing the dat raw binary data files All other files can be opened and viewed with standard Windows software SEWQUOIA 24 VI Software Installation and Viewing Data 1 Overview 2 Software Installation LISST SL V2 1 User s Guide Each data collection exercise produces a large number of data files These were described in Section 2 6 To recap the following files are produced Rxxxxxxx IXT Text file with details of all related files below Contains memory of when created instrument serial number firmware version in TSB name of file with Concentration and Mean Size name of Raw Scattering data binary file associated background file Z asc below and units ZXXXXXXX ASC Background scatter file used for processing dat file Rxxxxxxx CSV Comma separated file saves data displayed on TCB during data collection Contains Date Time Depth Velocity Mean Size TSS Temperature Optical Transmission Pump state 1 ON 0 OFF and Battery Voltage Rxxxxxxx DAT Binary data file 50 variables per record See Appendix A to see order of variables needed if processing data in Matlab The Particle Size Distribution which contains the 32 bin size distributions are created from post processing dat file through the Windows software These Par
27. ble hangs in older USGS standard instruments the wire SEQUOIA 15 Depth ft 0 13 9 91 Velocity ft sec Mean Size microns Concentration mg l 9 61 232 98 Water TOO CLEAR Trans 100 Results not accurate Samples Saved 342 Water Temp 26 4 C File R3020813 dat Battery 25 07V Oct 29 2009 08 26 21 pure caress Se Stop Now back to Testing your New Background File Battery Caution LISST SL V2 1 User s Guide Acquiring Data Density 2 65 angle is used to estimate depth or error in depth If the background was acquired recently the depth should show a small value if the LISST SL is in the lab or held just below water surface in a river The sediment concentration is displayed in units of mass per volume This display assumes a mass density of 2 65 g ml If you believe the mass density to be different a correction will need to be applied to your final processed results In field use the velocity display will fluctuate with the passage of turbulent eddies and also due to the movement of the cable itself However unreasonable fluctuations may be due to bubbles in the pitot tube See Appendix B for instructions on how to remove bubbles The Mean Size on the display is calculated using a simplified method and is not an exact match to the data you will process on your PC after downloading In extremely clear waters this number may be erratic With increasing turbidity this number become
28. d which splits into a Y One LISST SL V2 1 User s Guide sEQUOIA 2 end of the Y is tied to the lifting point on the SL and the other end is a female submersible connector It is connected to the SL underwater electrical connector If you ordered the B reel from Sequoia the termination is done by us See Appendix F for connector type and wiring instructions The other end of the cable is permanently attached to slip rings The slip rings are permanently fastened to the rotating barrel of the B reel The slip rings connect to 2 terminal posts A provided cable is used to connect to these terminal posts and to the SL power and signal connector LISST SL a A Touch Screen R i TCB B reel _SL Connector LISST SL INTERFACE AND POWER PACK 1 3 The Topside Control Box TCB Control of the systems is from the TCB This plastic box contains a powerful 25V 19 2A hr Lithium ion battery and a computer system that controls the display on a touch screen panel The battery powers the LISST SL sensor the computer within the TCB and the touch screen All commands are through this touch screen and are menu driven The interface is described in Chapter 3 On the left lower corner is the power button and the communication battery recharge connector Two separate cables are provided one for communication with a computer the other to recharge the battery Operations Overview Once the TCB B reel LISST
29. d of this tube to a drain Finally to simulate a dynamic hydraulic head of 10 cm or more connect a tube to the pitot intake fill with water and raise it See photo Turn on power at the TCB The pump will start pumping Water will recirculate From the MAIN MENU press the MEASURE button on the panel After several samples open the pinch valve to the beaker The instrument will display the measured mean grain size concentration and a velocity These are your test data With this method only 5 to 10 samples will be valid before air bubbles will be sucked into the inlet tube to produce erroneous data Compare the displayed velocity from a computed value it is related to the head H on the pitot tube as 2gH where g is 9 81 m s or 32 ft s and His in corresponding units SEQUOIA 20 5 Temporary Storage Draining Turbid Water LISST SL V2 1 User s Guide e A recirculating method of sampling can be implemented by sending the drain line back to the beaker Data accuracy will suffer due to sediment settling in or releasing from the pump cavity and bubbles being introduced from the pump These effects can be minimized but the best results will be obtained from a well mixed single pass through source Download data from the instrument to your PC and process it See Chapter VI Turn off power on the TCB You can now store the instrument TO AVOID FOULING THE INTERNAL WINDOWS ALWAYS DRAIN ALL TURBID WATER OUT OF THE SYS
30. dows software on your PC this file beginning with the letter Z will be visible This file will be used to subtract background light scattering from the sediment in the next step Understanding the Background File When you update the background file the display shows a set of blue bars which is the current NEW background scattering on the rings of the detector The red line is the factory value Over time due to sand blasting of windows or simply due to fouling your background will be higher than factory We explain how to interpret it in Appendix D For now note also the two variables Lp and Lref with their factory values These are displayed next to the top right of the chart Lp refers to the laser power in digital counts only transmitted through water and through the small hole at center of the ring detector Lref is the laser emitted power In clean water the ratio Lp Lref should be 14 SEQUOIA LISST SL V2 1 User s Guide nearly identical to factory value within 2 3 Slightly higher values may occur that is acceptable Lower values of Lp Lref than the factory value suggests i turbid or bubble filled water ii misalignment or iii scintillation due to temperature difference between the instrument and the water More about this in Appendix D Drifts in Lref laser power output are compensated in software We will also describe how to test your new background file using the MEASURE function that follow
31. e TCB as this may cause misalignment of the optical parts or damage to electronic assemblies Avoid scratching the touch panel display Clean the LISST SL body with water each time after use and before storage It is a good idea to connect a hose to the intake and run tap water through the system This removes any grains that may have accumulated in the pump Remove the pitot tube cap and clean the screen Replace Remove the red tapered plug form the top static port Flush water through all three static ports Replace the tapered plug and put a rubber band around the sensor over the ports Clean the panel of the TCB using only a soft cloth Never apply abrasives or abrasive surfaces to the touch panel It scratches easily Do not use abrasive cleaners NEVER use solvents such as toluene or acetone for cleaning the TCB If you do so the warranty will be immediately voided SEWQUOIA 29 3 Storage LISST SL V2 1 User s Guide For cleaning of the windows inside the test section of the LISST SL see Appendix C Put plastic caps on the intake and pitot tube openings Place the LISST SL on its foam stands or inside the shipping box Before storage be sure to turn off power on the TCB Extended storage may cause weakening of the battery You should recharge the battery before use if the TCB has not been used for long month or more If preparing to store the instrument system for a long duration it is a good idea t
32. e View Rings function under the Background Calibration check the View Rings box on the lower left This will be like a normal calibration but the View Rings screen will update after each sample Since the pump is running whenever the LISST SL is in the Background Calibration mode a large clean water source or the copper tube loop including the 0 2 micron filter needs to be filled and purged first If extensive cleaning is required a pumping loop may help Set up a circulating loop with an external pump Pump from a one liter volume container through the LISST SL and returning to the liter container Add some cleaning solution or mild detergent to the water and let it circulate for 15 to 30 minutes Letting the solution foam and having lots of bubbles helps to clean the windows Even adding some sediment such as the AC Coarse will help After this cleaning a thorough rinsing will be necessary again Water spots on the windows must be avoided Do not leave water inside the LISST SL to dry out Either leave it filled with water for short periods of time or if uncertain when it will be used again dry it out Dry it out by draining the water through the tail Leave the nose slightly elevated Canned air can be used to blow the inside dry from the sample tube end Check that the passage to the window is dry by inserting a clean patch on the cleaning rod The LISST SL is now ready for long term storage Photo showing instrument ready for recircula
33. e the Windows program provided separately for your PC CAUTION Once the files are deleted they can not be recovered Press CANCEL again to return to the MAIN MENU You have completed the SET UP of the TCB You are now ready to learn the next 2 operations capturing a Background file and then the real thing river data or data from a laboratory system CALIBRATION Recall that the Calibrate function records a Background file This file contains measurements of light scattered from imperfections of optics on the 32 ring detectors A few other parameters are also stored This file is CRITICAL to the quality of data you will obtain with the MEASURE function You must never skip the Calibrate step Preparing the LISST SL sensor for the Calibrate step is described in the next sections Here we describe TCB operation only To record the Background file for a particular experiment open the MAIN MENU Recall that you enter the MAIN MENU by either turning on power or by hitting CANCEL button from any menu a few times Once on the MAIN MENU panel press the CALIBRATE button A new window opens titled Clean Water Calibration It is a helpful guide to remind the user to perform 3 steps to prepare the LISST SL instrument to acquire a background file These steps are fairly intuitive but will be described in more detail in the section Field Experiment After each step is performed press the check box After checking all boxes press View R
34. eel cable is the Power In for the LISST SL The Signal Ground is the outer jacket of the steel cable Appropriate sealing and potting compounds should be used to maintain a waterproof isolated connection to the Power In The wires for the Test Points are not used and should be terminated and sealed The text and illustrations below describe the wiring details for this connector Communications and Power Connector 5 pin connector Connector Manufacturer Impulse Enterprise Inc San Diego CA USA Connector Part Number Bulkhead MCBH 5 MP Stainless Steel Mating Cable Part Number MCIL 5 FS Connector Pin Use BE BE Power Signal Ground Power In 24VDC Test Point 2 Test Point 3 3 4 4 3 2 5 s f 1 1 Bulkhead Endview Cable Endview LISST SL V2 1 User s Guide sEQUOIA 45 APPENDIX G List of Videos 1 BB eparing to purge the nose by removing the tail fin ESF Removing the nose moving bubbles that are in the ports BB raking out the pitot cap o ring ESF Removing the 35um filter screen inside the pitot cap BB stating a 35um filter screen FS clearing the bubbles out of the nose ports LSF Removing the bubbles on the nose cone Se i ee N Being the pitot cap 10 Be snowing the o rings in the nose cone 11 Assembling the o rings in the nose 12 3 28 Screwing on the nose 13 Adjusting the nose to the alignment marks 14 Meni the tail fin 15 Attaching the cleaning patch
35. entific Inc thanks you for choosing one of our products We strive to make our instruments rugged reliable and simple to operate If you should have any difficulties questions or suggestions please feel free to contact us LISST SL V2 1 User s Guide sEQUOTA 6 ll Contents and Technical Specifications These items are in your shipment LISST SL Sensor Topside Control Box TCB B reel if ordered Sensor to TCB cable Quick reference guide B reel to TCB cable 25 2V Lithium Battery Charger Communications Cable Copper cooling coil 5 conductor impulse plug attached to SL Hex Tool Kit O ring kit sizes 2 007 009 012 015 109 156 Pin Clips 2 2 instrument foam stands Nose wrench 3 ea 1 m flex tubes Filter wing nuts 2 Funnels Cleaning solution Tweezers Cleaning Rod Plastic sampling tube caps Rubber bands Syringes 2 ea Red Taper Plugs Cleaning patches 35 micron filter disks for pitot tube nose 3 hose pinch clamps 0 2 micron filter cartridge 2 ea 72 x 3 8 tube adapters Packet of ISO coarse sediment 3 8 x 3 8 tube adapters SL Tail 3 pin impulse plug attached to TCB Plastic Pitot Tube cover cups Tail screws Ship Disk for Instrument System Impulse sleeve attached to SL Tube adapter clips Red Copy of Pack List Photographs of all items are included in Appendix E LISST SL V2 1 User s Guide seQUOIA 7 1 Parameters Displayed on TCB e Particle Concentration mg l Mean Particle Size um
36. er of variables e R0641443 CSV Comma separated file saves data displayed on TCB during data collection Contains Date Time Depth Velocity Mean Size TSS Temperature Optical Transmission Pump state 1 ON 0 OFF and Battery Voltage e R0641443 DAT Binary data file 50 variables per record See Appendix A to see order of variables needed if processing data in Matlab e R0641443 psd Particle Size Distribution from post processing dat file It is a binary file only used by the VIEW PSD FILE function on the PC software e R0641443 ASC This file is produced after processing the dat file It is an ASCII file containing size distribution and other variables See Appendix A for order of variables LISST SL V2 1 User s Guide sEQUOIA 9 7 Size Ranges There are 32 size ranges also called size bins logarithmically placed from 1 9 381 microns The table below shows the lower limit upper limit and and median size of each size bin in microns Size Bin LISST SL V2 1 User s Guide Sizes microns Lower 1 90 2 25 2 65 3 13 3 69 4 35 5 14 6 06 7 15 8 44 9 96 11 8 13 9 16 4 19 3 22 8 26 9 31 8 37 5 44 2 52 2 61 6 72 7 85 7 101 119 141 166 196 232 273 322 Upper Median 2 25 2 65 3 13 3 69 4 35 5 14 6 06 7 15 8 44 9 96 11 8 13 9 16 4 19 3 22 8 26 9 31 8 37 5 44 2 52 2 61 6 yaf 85 7 101 119 141 166 196 232 273 322 381 sEQUOIA 2 07 2 44 2 88 3 40
37. filesandContenis 9 ole e 9 9 gt EEE NAM YA MEN E MEAN PP e eee 10 Learning the LISST SL System ccseeesssesseeeeseeeeseees 11 BASIC ERME een een Ener 11 TING ROG bees see meme miki ei sene qo vevees saneetee gaveseaesaacencs 11 TopsideControlBox TCB 11 Battery Charging energie nr 17 DataDownloadfromTCB gt gt m 17 Using the LISST SL System in a Laboratory 18 First Assemblyandlestinlaboratoly 18 BackgroundrFileacguisition 19 Institumenthealtihcheck 19 CollectinglestDatainalab 20 lTemporaryStorage 21 Field Deployment u 02u000002a0000nnnanuonnnnnnunnnnnnnnnnnnnnenn 22 PreparingforaFieldExperiment nennen 22 Gettingsetuponthebridge 22 Collecting Dala E an Re a aia 23 Shutting 7 6g A 24 ANN en ee E A 24 ViewingSavedData 24 Software Installation and ViewingbData 25 DIVEIVIEW enter ie 25 Softwarelnstallatilon 25 leamingtheSoftware 26 DownloadingDatafFilesfromTCB 26 ProcessingRawbDatafrile 27 ViewingResulis
38. for power The TCB executes the user commands e g capturing a background scattering file or capturing river data The sensor is the entire streamlined instrument which enters the water At the top of the LISST SL sensor is the cable attachment point 1 which is hidden in a streamlined black housing that looks like the sail of a submarine Immediately behind is the underwater connector 2 to which the cable from the B reel will be connected see Appendix F for connector pin outs Note the exit point for the intake flow it is behind the connector 3 Three dots are shown 4 for aligning the nose the front bulkhead and the mid section of the LISST SL A hole on the far side in this image exactly behind the mark 4 and on the bulkhead is a static pressure port Depth of the instrument below water surface is sensed through 2 small holes on the side of the bulkhead static port connected to a pressure sensor The hole at top 8 of the bulkhead is to purge air If over years of operation sediment fills the static ports you may use the top static port to inject water and blow out the sediment The three radial holes in the bulkhead are connected to a common cavity that is applying the static pressure for the flow velocity and the pressure for the depth sensor Temperature is sensed in the water passage within the instrument On the nose is an intake tube 9 on the instrument axis and above it is the pitot tube velocity sensor
39. ground make sure the view rings function shows steady rings Check if Pitot Tube is free of air Air in the pitot system can cause faulty operation of the iso kinetic pump controller The simplest test is as follows SEQUOIA 19 4 Collecting Test Data ina Lab LISST SL V2 1 User s Guide meters Set up a head on the pitot tube as in the last test Apply about 10 cm of head Turn on the TCB and go directly to MEASURE Observe the indicated velocity on the display It should be fairly steady Its magnitude should also be consistent with the formula Velocity ft sec 8 VH fps H in feet Or Velocity m sec 4 43 VH m s H in If the numbers show more than 10 variability try again If the variability persists you may need to purge air from the pitot tube This procedure is described in Appendix B This step also serves as a practice run for field tests Begin with power switch off at the TCB It is assumed that you have just acquired a good background file Fill a 1 liter beaker with 1 liter of clean water and add about 500 mg of coarse sediment say 20 100 micron Put the beaker on a magnetic table and set up a small magnetic stir bar so that the sediment won t all settle out Stir vigorously Connect one water filled flexible tube 1 4 inch ID or 6 mm ID with a pinch clamp to the intake of the LISST SL Connect a second tube to the exit of the SL at top behind the 6 pin connector Send the free en
40. he ring detector In turn this increased scattering will be interpreted as particle volume so that the net effect is to increase the particle volume in the smallest and or largest size classes Typically the effect can be seen if there is a significant amount of particles outside the size range so that a rising tail will appear in the coarse and or fine end of the size spectrum No All laser diffraction based instruments measure the SEQUOIA 31 measure NTU FTU or any other turbidity units Can the LISST SL be cross calibrated with NTU s Can I overcharge the rechargeable battery inside the instrument volume distribution of the suspended particles This may or may not be related to NTU No The calibration of the NTU unit itself is based on a specific size of particles With changing grain size NTU itself changes and it is meaningless to do a cross calibration If you charge the battery with the power adaptor supplied by Sequoia as part of the instrument you cannot overcharge the battery Do you have an FAQ not answered here Try the FAQ webpage on our website http www SequoiaSci com fag SectionName fag Otherwise contact us see the front of this manual for detailed contact information LISST SL V2 1 User s Guide SEWQUOIA 32 APPENDIX A File names File Formats and lisstsl ini InstrumentData txt Factory_zsc_YYYY a SC Ringarea_2005 asc RXXXXXxx xt RxXXXXXXX CSV LISST SL V2 1
41. hen hour life left on battery e AC battery charger 120 240VAC 8 hrs recharge time 5 Physical Dimensions LISST SL Sensor e With tail and sail attached 25 4 x 63 5 x 76 2 cm H x W x L e Weight in air 16 kg 35 lbs e Weight in water 7 kg 15 Ibs Topside Control Box 17 8 x 29 2 x 44 5 cm e Weight 9 Kg 19 Ibs LISST SL V2 1 User s Guide sEQUOIA 8 6 Datafiles and Contents Each data run includes the following automatically named files All files have the same filename format as Rdddhhmm where ddd is the day of the year hh is the hour of the day and mm is the minute of the hour Data files start with the letter R Only the Background files start with the letter Z For file types and how many files are saved please consult Appendix A The background is subtracted before computing sediment concentration and size distribution The background should be taken immediately prior to every data run see Chapter 3 It also zeros out any depth sensor drift and atmospheric pressure changes to yield the correct water depth e R0641443 TXT Text file with details of all related files below Contains memory of when created instrument serial number firmware version in TCB name of file with Concentration and Mean Size name of Raw Scattering data binary file associated background file Z asc below and units e 2Z0641443 ASC Background scatter file to be used for processing dat file See Appendix A for ord
42. ile It is only useful for viewing the results on your PC To generate ASCII files you will be given options at the time of processing your raw datafile The first thing you will do is connect the TCB to your PC and turn on the TCB power When you next launch the LISST SL windows software a window will open with a picture of the LISST SL and a selection of just 3 buttons OFFLOAD DATA PROCESS RAW DATA and VIEW PSD FILE You will begin with choosing one of these 3 options When you select one of the options the Menu buttons on the software will become active We describe the buttons and their functions next OFFLOAD DATA As the name implies when you are connected to the TCB PROCESS RAW DATA This button prompts you for the names of the background and other files and then processes the dat file that you have downloaded to produce ASCII files of the log and ascii file To choose which type of files you want you will open the SETTINGS dialog from the main menu This is explained later in full details VIEW PARTICLE SIZE DISTRIBUTION FILE This button gives you a view of the size distributions computed in the last step You can step through the many size distributions in sequence The software is fully intuitive Still we describe the STEP BY STEP procedure below We begin with introducing the buttons on the Tool Bar e Connect the TCB to the PC using the provided serial cable e Turnonthe TCB e Launch the program by
43. ings button on bottom left This button enables you to view the background in comparison to its ideal factory value red line sEQUOIA 27 30 Fa Clean Water Calibration Step 1 Attach filter between pump outlet and intake nozzle Step 2 Purge filter assembly with clean water to remove air Step 3 Submerge LISST SL in river to equalize the temperature PF conect Background Cancel Get Clean Water Background Press Update to collect new clean water background or select Next to continue uelng previously clean water background Equalize for 15 minutes before Saving Pump is ON L v CANCEL SAVE 16 Ring Number A Depth sensor will be zeroed Get Clean Water Background Lp 2321 Lref 1818 Factory Lo 2006 Factory Lref 1583 Transmission 0 Equalize for 15 minutes before Sa WU O CANCEL SAVE 16 Ring Number A Depth sensor will be zeroed New and Factory backgrounds Get Clean Water Background Lp 2280 Lref 2325 Factory Lp 2271 Factary Lref 2321 Transmission 1 00 UPDATE Equalize for 15 minutes before Saving 12 Pump is ON RI v Ring Number 4 Depth sensor will be zeroed CANCEL SAVE Did get a good Background LISST SL V2 1 User s Guide The quality of the background we repeat is everything for a successful data run Please follow these steps carefully Press the View Rings button on the screen again This will open a new screen showing
44. ion press the STOP button at bottom right of the ACQUIRING DATA screen At this point a set of files for the last data run will be closed You may move to a different location on the cross section of the river and collect more data by pressing the MEASURE button on the MAIN MENU again If the Battery Low alarm sounds quickly finish your work and prepare to shut down When done for the day first turn off power at the TCB then pull up the instrument and promptly put a pinched tube on the pitot tube SEQUOIA 23 4 Shutting Down 5 Clean up 6 Viewing Saved Data LISST SL V2 1 User s Guide Always first turn off power at the TCB to avoid electrical shorts while disassembling equipment Again make sure the pitot tube is pinched off You may delete unwanted files at this time However it is a good idea to do that after downloading ALL files on a PC To delete unwanted files if you decide to do so turn on power on the TCB go to SETUP then choose DELETE FILES from the menu Follow procedures described in section 3 1 Always immediately cover the pitot tube with a pinched tube or plastic cap provided with the instrument It is a good idea to wash the exterior of the instrument and remove sediment from the pressure ports and connector area Attach a clean water tube to the intake of the LISST SL and wash out the internal surfaces by passing a strong flow of water through If preparing to store for a long dur
45. ith awareness that the errors bias is growing Please visit our website for articles on this topic The Remaining Manual In the chapters that follow we first provide a list of all items shipped to you and specifications of the instrument system along with file names of files generated when operating the system and what their contents are section xx We then provide step by step instructions on a first quick connection of the instruments a laboratory run to collect test data for practice and guidance for a field test section xxx We will then explain data offloading and processing methods on the provided software section xxxx A number of Appendices provide in detail information about some special topics Tao 5 7 13 daa Videos In This Manual In this manual you will occasionally see this video icon preceded by one or more numbers It means that video s of this number is associated with the topic at hand See Appendix G for a list of all videos A number of other videos not referenced in this manual are provided to you with self evident names A cut out cross sectional view excluding pitot tube The laser beam 1 can be seen traveling from bottom to top like the figure shown on page 4 The water passage is marked as 2 The ring detector is 3 the temperature sensing thermistor is in a fitting 4 The pump is marked as 5 and the water exhaust port is marked as 6 The pitot tube is not shown Sequoia Sci
46. ith respect to any Product more than 18 months after SEQUOIA s delivery of such Product 9 Software LISST SL V2 1 User s Guide sEQUOTA 49 The Products may include or be delivered with certain computer programs databases or other software that is proprietary to SEQUOIA SEQUOIA hereby grants Customer a nonexclusive license to use such software solely for the purpose of operating Products Customer will not use any such software for any other purpose modify adapt translate or create derivative works based on any such software or disassemble decompile or reverse engineer any such software No title to or ownership of any software or intellectual property rights are transferred to Customer 10 U S Government Restricted Rights Notice All software data technical information and written materials provided by SEQUOIA are provided with restricted rights Use duplication or disclosure by the government is subject to restrictions as set forth in subparagraph c 1 ii of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause at 48 C F R 252 227 7013 or in subparagraph c 2 of the Commercial Computer Software Restricted Rights clause at 48 C F R 52 227 19 as applicable Portions of these items may be unpublished SEQUOIA reserves all rights under applicable copyright laws 11 Controlling Document In the event of any conflict or inconsistency between any provision of this Statement of Limited Warranty and any other provi
47. ld the o rings in place during reassembly Submerge the nose and SL sensor Remove the pitot cap Clean the cap Remove the 2 007 o ring that holds the 35um screen in the bottom of the cap Clean or replace the screen Place it underwater and remove all bubbles from it Remove the bubbles from the three radial static ports and the pitot port on the stainless steel plate on the face of the SL bulkhead It is also helpful to remove any other bubbles from the mating pieces and threads as they may move during reassembling The syringe provided can be helpful for dislodging bubbles Various pumping schemes can also be used for cleaning and de bubbling The differential pressure sensor used for the pitot static velocity measurements is a delicate sensor Since we are recommending water columns on the inlet for purging it should be noted that the head should not be greater than 10 feet 3m If other means of water flow to the passages are implemented please be careful not to exceed 5 psi Screw the nose onto the LISST SL while it is still under water Align the three white marks on the side Screw on the pitot cap At this point all accessible air has been removed from the passages leading up to the differential pressure sensor to the pitot tube system Some bubbles can still reside in the solenoid of the system Slight pressure and activation of the solenoid may be required to allow the bubbles to escape Fill a one meter long 4
48. ncel out and re enter the Background mode Press Update to capture a new Background file following procedure described in the introduction to the TCB It will be named automatically The new background is shown in contrast to factory values If your background is very similar to the factory value the optics are in good health If not check which of the following applies to your data and what it means Your background is higher than factory background in the middle rings This means the optics can be cleaned Dirt on the windows of the test cell can explain this excess light The inner rings show large amount of light but the Lp and Lref ratio is nearly same as factory value This may be due to scintillation it means that water and instrument temperatures are not sufficiently close The inner rings show large values AND the Ly L er ratio is smaller than factory In this case misalignment of optics is indicated If the Ly Lrer ratio is 90 of factory value or lower you may need to have the optics adjusted by a trained technician Please contact your in country Distributor or contact Sequoia We hope none of the above errors occur If so the instrument is in good shape Now still with the clean water in circulation cancel out of the Calibrate mode and press the MEASURE button to test your background as before The display will show small values on the concentration if the background file was good If not capture another back
49. nch clamp on the carboy tube Let the filter fill with water completely put the vent cap back on to let the outlet tube to fill completely Pinch off the carboy tube and remove the tube from the copper line Connect the filter outlet tube to the copper line e Part fill another 14 inch 6mm internal diameter tube about 3 ft 1m long with water Connect the inch ID tube to the pitot tube Raise the free end to apply about 15 cm of head on the pitot tube This will simulate a dynamic head on the instrument e Turn on TCB power Shortly after turning on power at the TCB the microprocessor in the LISST SL will turn on the pump within it You will be able to see water moving in the tubing You will be able to hear the pump Wait for bubbles to escape If needed use the Pump speed control button left to help bubbles along SEQUOIA 18 SETUP 2 Background File acquisition 3 Instrument health check Background good Pitot Tube clear LISST SL V2 1 User s Guide Next proceed as follows On the TCB from the MAIN MENU use the SET UP button to set instrument clock and units of operation Return to the MAIN MENU Press the CALIBRATE button Follow procedures as explained in the preceding section on TCB Check off the 3 boxes and then also check the View Rings button At the next frame press View Rings button again In the background collection mode the pump runs at full power If the rings view is steady ca
50. nsor In this manner the rings measure light scattered out of the laser beam while the power of the beam that passes through the central hole is the beam transmission measurement This is the attenuation suffered by the laser as well as by the scattered light as it passes through water This measurement of attenuation is used to de attenuate the measured scattered light on the ring detectors The attenuation is not used to estimate sediment concentration LISST SL V2 1 User s Guide sEQUOIA 4 light scattering It is important that you understand the significance of the patterns of light on the rings The total amount of light on rings is a combination of a Background and light scattered by particles The Background arises from imperfections and micro scratches on optical windows This Background is very carefully measured to create a Background File The background is subtracted from the total signal on the rings to compute the scattering from particles alone The background changes due to age or due to particle deposition on windows Hence it is necessary to measure the background before every experiment To understand the importance of the Background it is important to understand the nature of light scattering by particles For this purpose we show the light scattering patterns on the rings for equal 13 micron concentrations of large 94 microns and small particles 13 microns Note that for a given volume or mas
51. o run chlorinated water through the system to prevent biological growth on internal surfaces The same is recommended with the filter provided for Background file collection The 5 pin connector on the LISST SL sensor and the rectangular connectors that mate to the TCB should be dressed with a silicone lubricant spray to make insertion easier and to prevent damage to the rubber A 5 pin Impulse plug and sleeve is provided to protect the connector on the LISST SL when the sensor is not in use The 3 pin Impulse plug should be put on the TCB connector and the rubber cover put on the communications connector to keep the connections dry and clean SEQUOIA 30 How do evaluate the background measurement Get Clean Water Background Lp 2280 Lref 2325 Factory Lp 2271 Factory Lref 2321 Transmission 1 06 UPDATE Equalize for 15 minutes before Savi aving Pump is ON L is CANCEL SAVE 1 16 Ring Number A Depth sensor will be zeroed Does the LISST SL take into account the irregular shape of the natural sediment grains Does the LISST SL require any calibration What happens if there are particle present outside of the size range covered by my LISST SL Does the instrument LISST SL V2 1 User s Guide Vill FAQ s Upon obtaining a background the red line shows the factory background and the blue bars show the current background If they are close well and good Increased scattering on
52. particles can lead to very weak scattering on the ring detectors A guide for water turbidity is the optical transmission measured across the test cell The optical transmission is the ratio of laser power transmitted through the cell to its value in clean particle free water This defines the lower concentration limit of operations Although with care you may be able to operate and get meaningful data at transmission as high as 99 8 the instrument is designed to produce good data at transmissions below about 98 In contrast at the high turbidity end when too many sediment particles are present in the laser beam multiple scattering degrades results Multiple scattering grows with decreasing transmission As a practical matter we suggest that at transmission below about 30 accuracy may degrade These limits are worth remembering while you interpret your field measurements An approximate estimate for operating limits from about 10mg l to about 2 000 mg l Above the highest specified concentration i e transmission below 30 the data can still be used all the way down to a transmission of 10 The error in concentration and size distribution will simply increase at these low transmissions For example for a single size particle measurement we have seen an error of about 10 in concentration at a transmission reaching 10 In other words the data at LISST SL V2 1 User s Guide sEQUOIA 5 transmissions below 30 are still usable though w
53. r scratches on the window may have developed due to sand grains blasting the windows It may be OK to proceed Read the Noise Test below Is it scintillation Scintillation is the scattering of light by turbulent eddies with temperature differences between water and instrument The identifier for this is that ALL INNER RINGS increase in magnitude not just alternate ones which indicate misalignment The simple cure let the water come to instrument temperature It is for this reason that we advise you to make a Background measurement in the river with a 15 minute dip period NOISE TEST FOR ACCEPTANCE OF A BACKGROUND At any time and particularly after cleaning windows and if the instrument optics are not misaligned the background is still higher than factory the question becomes can go further The answer is yes if the new background is stable If it is not stable this will add noise to the measurement To test for noise do the following After capturing a background switch to the MEASURE mode with the same water running through In this case the instrument should see no sediment The outputs on the touch screen should be small and fluctuating numbers This is the instrument noise Now you can judge if the noise level is acceptable In turbid rivers a noise of 5 mg l may be acceptable In cleaner waters you may tolerate only 1 mg l or even less In our experience this number is often less than 1 mg l This noise is the most vit
54. ressing the CANCEL button again from the SETUP menu takes you back to the MAIN MENU Now more details First the small buttons Click on the w symbol at bottom center and you will see a panel showing information on the instrument Pressing the Done button returns to the Setup Menu a leads you to an option to set pump speed Leave it on Auto For some laboratory work e g to blast the water channel at high velocity for cleaning or for blowing out sediment in the system choose MAX power Press cancel to return to Main Menu To set clock press the SET CLOCK button A new screen will open and guide you to set the current time Use the key pad to set the date and time in the displayed format Please note that the date format is mm dd yy Once you have set up the clock and date check the SET CLOCK button at the bottom of the screen By pressing the CANCEL you will go back to the Setup Menu above You may next choose to set the units of the display e g British units feet pounds or SI units m Kg etc Temperature is always only displayed in C From the Set Up menu choose Set Units The display on left gives you the simple option to press the FEET or METERS button to set display in your chosen units Again press the CANCEL button to return to the SETUP menu The remaining choice on the SETUP menu is to display a list of saved data files The list only shows the asc files SEQUOIA 12 Select File to Delete Are yo
55. rons Size Bin Lower Upper Median 1 1 90 2 25 2 07 2 2 25 2 65 2 44 3 2 65 3 13 2 88 4 3 13 3 69 3 40 5 3 69 4 35 4 01 6 4 35 5 14 4 73 7 5 14 6 06 5 58 8 6 06 AS 6 59 9 7 15 8 44 7 17 10 8 44 9 96 9a 11 9 96 11 8 10 8 12 11 8 13 9 12 8 13 13 9 16 4 15 1 14 16 4 19 3 17 8 15 19 3 22 8 21 0 16 22 8 26 9 24 8 17 26 9 31 8 29 2 18 31 8 31 5 34 5 19 37 5 44 2 40 7 20 44 2 52 2 48 0 21 52 2 61 6 56 7 22 61 6 ei 66 9 23 72 85 7 78 9 24 85 7 101 93 1 25 101 119 110 26 119 141 130 27 141 166 153 28 166 196 181 29 196 232 213 30 232 273 252 31 273 322 297 32 322 381 350 LISST SL V2 1 User s Guide SEUOIA APPENDIX B Purging the Pitot System This section is best understood by watching a video Appendix G Trouble spots 1 13 B Purging air from Cavity Nose Removal O ring Placement LISST SL V2 1 User s Guide sEl uola The pitot tube system consists of the nozzle the 35 micron screen in the pitot cap a cavity between the nose section and the front bulk head anda differential pressure sensor There are two places where problems may develop First at the screen in the pitot cap Second trapped air in the cavity Cleaning the fine screen in the pitot cap is simple Remove the screw on pitot cap remove the screen behind the o ring and replace with a cleaned or new screen The removal of air from the cavity is more complex and reguires some time and patience as you have to un screw the nose
56. s concentration small particles produce a lot more scattered light than large particles the relationship is inverse with size Also the main peak of scattering occurs at small rings for large 0 10 20 30 40 particles and vice versa i e here too there is an ning number inverse relationship between the particle size and the ring where its maximum scattering occurs Viewed another way light on small rings is interpreted as the presence of large particles and vice versa 94 micron This last point is very important It follows that an error in the measurement of the Background on the small rings is equivalent to a large error in the amount of large particles A similar error on the outer rings would amount to a smaller error of the small particles For this reason the strongest emphasis is placed on getting extremely good measurements of background light on the smallest rings This is why we repeatedly emphasize maintaining clean optics and low stable values of background scattering on the inner rings See also Appendix D on background scattering General Precautions The instruments are precision opto electronic devices avoid shock and vibration While in storage be sure to cover the pitot tube intake with a pinched tube so that it does not dry out Operational Limits While working in extreme conditions of water turbidity you should note that there are limits on both the upper and lower concentrations e At the lower end too few
57. s next See Appendix D to understand the issues to make an informed decision on your new Background file This completes the Calibration step If necessary press CANCEL a few times to return to the MAIN MENU to enter the MEASURE function We repeat See Appendix D to learn more about Background files and when they are acceptable MEASURE ACQUIRE DATA This button is meant to take you to data collection After familiarizing you we will show you how to test your new background file first and then how to capture real data in the next chapter Pressing the MEASURE button from the Main Menu takes you to a panel that is titled Acquiring Data This panel shows the current instrument depth sediment concentration in water a mean sediment size water temperature river velocity number of samples saved filename battery voltage and the pump drive voltage and current drain Acquiring Data Density Depth ft Concentration mg l 2 65 0 13 9 91 Velocity ft sec Mean Size microns ser 232881 Water TOO CLEAR Trans 100 Results not accurate Samples Saved 342 Water Temp 26 4 C File R3020813 dat Battery 25 07V Oct 29 2009 08 26 21 pum cur mu Stop The display is mostly self explanatory However we draw your attention to the rich data display The depth indication is valuable If you are in the field the depth indication tells you exactly how deep the instrument is regardless of the angle at which the ca
58. s stable Note the display of number of samples saved in the data file the filename the date and local time the water temperature and the state of the battery Pump supply voltage and current are displayed in a crude semi quantitative way The purpose of this is to help you identify if the pump is operating Do not try to interpret this display in a quantitative way Digital data on pump voltage and current are saved in data files To stop data acquisition the STOP button at bottom right of the display is pressed Testing the New Background File The idea is that if you measure non existing sediments in the same clean water that you used to get your background the concentrations should be small So to test your background from the MAIN MENU press the MEASURE button If the background file is good the Concentration display will show small values of magnitude 0 3 mg l This means the background is good In our laboratory this number is often much less than 1 mg l Large and unsteady values imply a bad background file unless of course your water has since become contaminated The TCB is programmed to give you a sound alert when the battery voltage drops to 21 5V At this time there is about 20 minutes of life left on the battery If you do not shut down the instrument will itself shut down when battery drops to 20V SEQUOIA 16 4 Battery Charging 5 Data Download from TCB LISST SL V2 1 User s Guide D
59. section from the front bulkhead You will then reassemble the nose to the bulkhead underwater in a tank Preparation of the pitot velocity sensor prior to deployment can reduce the need for purging the instrument in the field Remove the tail fin if it is necessary to fit it into a tank of water A minimal tank size of 0 8 meter long 0 3 meter wide and 0 3 meter deep will be required for this process With the provided nose wrench remove the nose The threads and the o rings on the nose piece require special attention Dirt in the threads can cause serious binding and prevent the proper alignment and sealing of the nose when screwing it back on A good quality zinc anti seize compound on the threads helps to secure the nose in place when re assembling and prevents galling of the threads After removing the nose There are three o rings inside the nose that need to be properly seated when the nose is screwed back on One large o ring 2 156 is a face seal outside the thread diameter Two other o rings are 37 Removing Bubbles CAUTION Pressure Limitations LISST SL V2 1 User s Guide SEQUOIA around the center sampling hole with a plastic ring between the larger o ring 2 015 against the nose and the smaller o ring 2 012 that will seal against the bulkhead Be careful to maintain the o rings and spacer in place while removing dirt and bubbles from the cavity A light coat of o ring lubricant will help to ho
60. sion of the Order the provision of this Statement of Limited Warranty will control 12 Controlling Law This Statement of Limited Warranty will be governed by the laws of the State of Washington without reference to its rules relating to choice of law except to the extent preempted by the laws of the United States The U N Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods will not apply CUSTOMER SEQUOIA Sequoia Scientific Inc By By Title Title LISST SL V2 1 User s Guide sEQUOIA 50 LISST SL V2 1 User s Guide NOTES SEWQUOIA Copyright Sequoia Scientific Inc 2700 Richards Rd Suite 107 Bellevue WA 98005 http www SequoiaSci com LISST SL V2 1 User s Guide sEUOLA
61. the middle rings results from just one source dirt or fine scratches on the windows Try cleaning the windows a few times They are acceptable If you see increase in the inner most rings i e rings 1 8 the explanation is more complex See Appendix D In the end what really matters is that the instrument is reasonably aligned and that the background be STABLE Try to MEASURE with the clean water that you used for Background If the displayed concentration is small lt 5mg l you may use the instrument knowing that that is the noise floor Yes This was published in a study by our scientists see Agrawal YC Whitmire A Mikkelsen OA Pottsmith HC 2008 download from our website http www sequoiasci com library technical aspx Section Namezlibrary Our software that processes raw data files incorporates irregular particle shape No All that is required is that the user makes a background measurement before a sample is taken This is in order to evaluate the state and cleanliness of the optical system If this is good e g the current background measurement is close to the factory background see FAQ above the instrument will deliver good data Drifts in laser power output are taken care of by the data processing software This is a more complex question Very briefly the presence of sediment particles outside the size range covered by the instrument will cause some additional scattering on the inner or outermost rings of t
62. ticle Size Distribution files have the name Rxxxxxxx psd See Appendix A for order of variables in the psd files You will notice that so far even including a field test no PC use was required The Windows Software provided by Sequoia is needed only to process the dat binary data file You will only process one file the dat file on your PC This is the raw binary data file Processing this file takes some time hence it is done on a PC It produces the size distribution file psd To process the file you will need 2 other files the background saved with this file and the ringarea file provided with the software The software always needs calibration parameters of the instrument which are included in the ini file In the next step you will load software on your PC Load the CD supplied to you with the instrument and type setup when ready The software will be installed in a folder selected by you Create a short cut to the executable program on your desktop SEWQUOIA 25 3 Learning the Software LISST SL Quick Start Menu EPA Olfioad Data Process Aaw Data View PSD File Offload Data Process Aaw Data View PSD File 4 Downloading Data Files from TCB LISST SL V2 1 User s Guide As noted this software is only needed to process the dat binary datafiles stored on your TCB The software also permits you to view saved particle size distribution files of the psd type The psd file is also a binary f
63. tion of slightly soapy water for cleaning LISST SL V2 1 User s Guide SEQUOIA 40 LISST SL V2 1 User s Guide SEWQUOIA APPENDIX D Step 2 Get Background Lp 1743 Lref 1312 Factory Lp 1766 Factory Lref 1299 Transmission 0 95 UPDATE Background Files The single most important file other than the data file is the Background file This file indicates the health of the instrument lt shows e Ifthe optics are aligned If the windows are clean e f the water you used was at close enough temperature to the instrument that scintillation did not bias your Background measurement We explain these further and how to decide when you can proceed further WU O 16 Ring Number BACK NEXT Are the optics aligned If the Background you capture is very similar to the factory value with the ratio Lp Lref also within 98 or so of the factory value the optics are in excellent shape Accept the Background file and proceed When the optics become mis aligned the following are seen on the Background the inner rings will become higher but only ALTERNATE rings will be higher This is usually accompanied by a lower Lp Lref ratio also Small changes may be acceptable Are the windows clean Dirty windows usually add light on the middle rings In this case your Background will be higher in the middle than the factory value Try cleaning the windows with the window cleaning tool Try 3 times If it does not change mino
64. u sure you want to delete the following files R2760533 cs R2760533 txt R2760533 dat Files to delete Clean Water Calibration Step 1 Attach filter between pump outlet and intake nozzle Step 2 Purge filter assembly with clean water to remove air Step 3 Submerge LISST SL in river to equalize the temperature oo Econeersackgrouna View Rings Clean Water Calibration View Clean Water Background Press View Rings to display clean water background a pray a Press Cancel to exit to Main Menu to collect and save new background EEE View Rings Equalize for 15 minutes before Saving VI CANCEL 16 32 Ring Number Pump is ON View Clean Water Background Lp 2272 Lref 2320 Factory Laf 2321 Transmission 1 00 Equalize for 15 minutes aving before S 16 Ring Number Pump is ON although all associated files have also been saved There are no options to change the list of files saved Again press CANCEL to return to the SETUP menu Selecting the DELETE FILES button from the Set Up menu opens a window with a list of all saved files You may now select the file that you wish to delete You may select only one file at a time to delete by using your Pen and by pressing on the file name The next panel shows all files with the same root name that will be deleted Whether you select yes or no you will return to the SETUP menu To delete more than one file at a time you must us
65. uct repaired or replaced by SEQUOIA the Warranty Period will end upon the later of one 1 year after SEQUOIA s delivery of the original Product or 90 days after SEQUOIA s delivery of the repaired or replacement Product Any Product component part or other item replaced by SEQUOIA becomes the property of SEQUOIA 3 Infringement Indemnification If any Product does not comply with the warranty set forth in 1 c above SEQUOIA will defend and indemnify Customer against any third party claim asserted in any proceeding against Customer based on this noncompliance provided that Customer gives SEQUOIA prompt written notice of the claim SEQUOIA has exclusive control over the defense and settlement of the claim Customer provides such assistance as SEQUOIA may request in LISST SL V2 1 User s Guide SEWUOIA 48 connection with the defense and settlement of the claim in which event SEQUOIA will reimburse the reasonable out of pocket costs incurred by Customer to provide such assistance Customer does not settle the claim without the prior written consent of SEQUOIA and upon SEQUOIA s request Customer returns the Non Complying Product to SEQUOIA for modification replacement or a refund of the purchase price paid by Customer to SEQUOIA for the Non Complying Product less a reasonable allowance for Customer s use prior to return A Exclusive Warranties THE WARRANTIES SET FORTH IN PARAGRAPH 1 ABOVE ARE EXCLUSIVE AND IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIE
66. uncalibrated A 200 byte header has also been added to the file format The description of the 50 values is below Description LaserPower Differential Pressure Raw Depth YMM Pump Voltage Unused set to zero Unused setto zero ZXXXXXXX ASC Background file The format is identical to the dat file shown above Rxxxxxxx psd Particle Size Distribution from post processing dat file It is a binary file only used by the VIEW PSD FILE function on the PC software Rxxxxxxx ASC Particle Size Distribution from post processing datfile This is an ASCII file for use with users plotting software or report preparation LISST SL V2 1 User s Guide sEQUOIA 34 Date mm dd vwvv Time hh mm ss Mass concentration in mel Laser Transmission Topside Battery voltage in calibrated units m EEE AE ae OT Differential Pressure in Comms 38 Laser Reference sens or in calibrated units 39 Depth meters orfeet 30 Temperature in calibratedunitsofdegreesO 4 PumpCurent S O 2 Pamp Voltage en 4a Belh msec or ft sec a gt o Computed Optical transmission over path O 46 Computed Beam C in units of 1 m 7 3 34 35 36 37 38 44 45 46 LISST SL V2 1 User s Guide sEQUOIA 35 Size Classes The size distribution is presented as concentrations of sediments in 32 size classes The median diameter of each of the size classes is presented below Sizes mic

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