RouterBOARD 493/AH/G
Contents
1. i board info p boot protocol t do memory testing x exit setup your choice To select a menu point press the key written at the beginning of this line Pressing Enter selects the option marked with Configurable Options boot delay how much time to wait for a key stroke while booting 1 9 seconds 2 second by default boot key which key will cause the loader to enter configuration mode during boot delay any key Delete key only any key by default Note that in some serial terminal programs it is impossible to use the Delete key to enter the setup in this case it might be possible to do this with the Backspace key RouterBOARD 493 Series User s Manual serial console to configure initial serial console bitrate 1200 2400 4800 9600 19200 38400 57600 115200 115200 bps by default cpu frequency CPU frequency 266MHz 333MHz 333MHz by default on RB493 On RB493AH G also available 680MHz and 800MHz 680MHz default boot device initial boot device boot over Ethernet boot from NAND boot Ethernet once then NAND boot from NAND by default You can also select boot chosen device option to boot from the device selected immediately without saving the setting reset configuration whether to reset all the boot loader settings to their respective default values yes no no by default format nand perform a low level NAND format During this operation all previously marked b2. 1000 RB 1000U RB 600 RB 600A and RB 800 3 Out of warranty devices and devices not covered by warranty sent to Mikrotik will be returned to the sender at sender s cost RMA Instructions are located on our webpage here http rma mikrotik com Manual This manual is provided as is without a warranty of any kind expressed or implied including but not limited to the implied warranty of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose The manufacturer has made every effort to ensure the accuracy of the contents of this manual however it is possible that it may contain technical inaccuracies typographical or other errors No liability is assumed for any inaccuracy found in this publication nor for direct or indirect incidental consequential or other damages that may result from such an inaccuracy including but not limited to loss of data or profits Please report any inaccuracies found to support mikrotik com RouterBOARD 493 Series User s Manual Table of Contents Copyright and Warranty Information A rasa aren taaltest den seinde dead aa dan A dG RK tekende nae drh waa teha eeen ARA 1 System Board VIEW sns mbr a ren tee nadert nne naden tenen benenden 3 System Boara Layout nn nnen nera eae ra rure RU ME etek beende hen CREE NK FERNER QU DR oee Kur culo AE enaties e and 3 Hardware LUK Cn 5 EXE SIONES 042 iz enie chante ITI TD UEE M G 5 PU e
3. OT firmware also referred as boot loader here provides minimal functionality to boot an Operating System It supports serial console via the onboard serial port at the boot time The loader supports booting from the onboard NAND device and from a network server see the respective section for details on this protocol Boot Loader Configuration Loader parameters may be configured through the onboard RS232C DB9 asynchronous serial interface To connect to it use a standard null modem cable By default the port is set to 115200bit s 8 data bits 1 stop bit no parity Note that the device does not fully implement the hardware RTS CTS flow control so it is suggested to try to disable hardware flow control in the terminal emulation program in case the serial console does not work as expected and if it does not help make a new cable using the pinout given in the Appendix To enter the loader configuration screen press any key or only Delete key or Backspace key see the note for the respective configurable option depending on the actual configuration just after the boot loader is asking for it RouterBOOT booter 2 9 RouterBoard 493 CPU frequency 333 MHz Memory size 64 MB Press any key within 2 seconds to enter setup RouterBOOT 2 9 What do you want to configure d boot delay k boot key s serial console o boot device f cpu frequency r reset configuration e format nand g upgrade firmware
4. RouterBOARD 493 AH G User s Manual 09 Dec 2010 Copyright and Warranty Information Copyright and Trademarks Copyright MikroTikls SIA This manual contains information protected by copyright law No part of it may be reproduced or transmitted in any form without prior written permission from the copyright holder RouterBOARD RouterOS RouterBOOT and MikroTik are trademarks of MikroTikls SIA All trademarks and registered trademarks appearing in this manual are the property of their respective holders Hardware MikroTik warrants all RouterBOARD series equipment for the term of fifteen 15 months from the shipping date to be free of defects in materials and workmanship under normal use and service except in case of damage caused by mechanical electrical or other accidental or intended damages caused by improper use or due to wind rain fire or other acts of nature To return failed units to MikroTik you must perform the following RMA Return Merchandise Authorization procedure Follow the instructions below to save time efforts avoid costs and improve the speed of the RMA process 1 If you have purchased your product from a MikroTik Reseller please contact the Reseller company regarding all warranty and repair issues the following instructions apply ONLY if you purchased your equipment directly from MikroTik in Latvia 2 MikroTik does not offer repairs for products that are not covered by warranty Exceptions can be made for RB
5. ad sectors are retested to find out if they are faulty indeed upgrade firmware receive a new boot loader image using XModem protocol over serial line or using DHCP BOOTP and TFTP protocols through the Ethernet network upgrade firmware over ethernet upgrade firmware over serial port board info prints the serial number boot loader version CPU frequency memory size and MAC addresses of the onboard Ethernet ports boot protocol network booting protocol bootp protocol dhcp protocol bootp protocol by default do memory testing performs a full memory test Boot Loader Upgrading The boot loader is needed to initialize all the hardware and boot the system up Newer loader versions might have support for more hardware so it s generally a good idea to upgrade the loader once a newer version is available You can upgrade the loader through the onboard serial port using XModem protocol programs available for all major OSs For example you can use HyperTerminal for Windows or Minicom for Linux to upload the boot loader Alternatively if you have a DHCP BOOTP and TFTP servers available you can specify the loader image as a boot image and choose the bios upgrade over ethernet option in the boot loader configuration menu The loader will get the image from the TFTP server and upgrade itself The most current loader image is available for download on www routerboard com The boot loader upgrading is supported also from MikroTik Route
6. ated edita lader aad ate dala didaten LE RUE 10 Ethernet Cables 17 sude ut armer nend a dd veeneman 11 Serial Null modem Console Cable with Loopback rentem eneen natem nn eran nae wenend weed we 11 RouterBOARD 493 Series User s Manual System Board View 2o e VE o wa De gt 2o DI 4 ee a gt O 00000 u u O Y NAND Il 010 OO OO Lr micro SD Es CPU RAM RAM RAM RAM RouterBOARD 493 Series User s Manual MN CE nessa RA o Nine 10 100 Mbit s Fast Nine 10 100 Mbit s Fast Nine 10 100 1000 Mbit s Ethernet ports supporting Ethernet ports supporting Gigabit Ethernet ports Auto MDI X Auto MDI X supporting Auto MDI X Switch chip ICPlus178C ICPlus178C 2x AR8316 Three MiniPCI Type ITIA IIIB Three MiniPCI Type Three MiniPCI Type ITIA IIIB One DB9 RS232C One DB9 RS232C One DB9 RS232C Serial port x asynchronous serial port asynchronous serial port asynchronous serial port 1x USB 2 0 non powered injector required Power and User LED Power and User LED Power and User LED C messe Power over Ethernet Power over Ethernet Power over Ethernet 10 28V 10 28V DC except power 10 28V DC except power DC except power over over datalines over datalines datalines Power jack 10 28V DC Power jack 10 28V DC Power jack 10 28V DC T
7. atures one USB 2 0 port This port is not powered this means that all connected devices require a USB power injector to be used For example http www routerboard com index php showProduct 99 LEDs Power LED Power LED is on when the board is powered User LED User LED may be programmed at user s option It is lit by default when the board starts up then it is turned off when the bootloader runs kernel RouterBOARD 493 Series User s Manual User s Guide Assembling the Hardware First to use the board e Insert MiniPCI cards e Install the board in a case and connect antenna wires if needed e Connect other peripherals and cables It is recommended to connect all the antenna cables to the miniPCI cards before powering the device Powering Power options e Power jack 10 28V DC cut off voltage 30V e Power over Ethernet PoE on the LAN1 Ethernet port 10 28V DC 18 28 V suggested cut off voltage 30V non standard PoE powering support The board has a direct input power jack 5 5mm outside and 2mm inside diameter female pin positive plug and can as well be powered with PoE All power inputs are always active but only one should be used at the same time RouterBOARD 493 series boards are equipped with a reliable 25W onboard power supply with overvoltage protection 12 28 V DC input voltages are accepted but when powered over long cables it is suggested to use at least 18V The system is tested with 24V so
8. erface It is compatible with passive non standard Power over Ethernet The board accepts voltage input from 10 to 28 V DC It is suggested to use the higher voltage for power over long cables because of better efficiency less power is lost in the cable itself and power supply is more efficient A Gigabit PoE injector is required to power RB493G See Connector Index for pinout of the standard cable required for PoE All cables made to EIA TIA 568A B cable specifications will work correctly with PoE Note that this port supports automatic cross straight cable correction Auto MDI X so you can use either straight or cross over cable for connecting to other network devices DB9 Serial Port The RS232C standard male DB9 asynchronous serial port may be used for initial configuration or for attaching a modem or any other RS232 serial device TxD pin 3 of this port has 5V DC power when idle Some signals are not connected so this implementation may not be considered to support full hardware flow control so software flow control XON XOFF or none at all should be used Cooling Fan Connectors You can connect up to four fans to the RouterBOARD RB493 but only two of them will work at a time JP1 JP2 are 3 3V JP3 JP4 is the same voltage as received by the power jack You can only use one pair of fans ie JP1 JP2 or JP3 JP4 It is recommended to use a 12V PSU for the RB device and JP3 JP4 headers with 12V cooling fans USB RB493G fe
9. lar wind RV systems with 27 6 charge voltage Overvoltage protection starts from about 28 1V 29V delta depends on some part physical options works up to 60V so the board will not be damaged if connected to a 48 or 60 V power line RouterBOARD 493 series boards are compatible with non standard passive Power over Ethernet injectors except power over datalines and accept powering over up to 100m 330 ft long Ethernet cable connected to the Ethernet port J8 The board does not work with IEEE802 3af compliant 48V power injectors If using PoE RB493G should be powered only with a special Gigabit power injector The maximum output of the power supply to the extension cards is normally at about 5 5A Booting options First RouterBOOT loader is started It displays some useful information on the onboard RS232C asynchronous serial port which is set to 115200bit s 8 data bits 1 stop bit no parity by default The loader may be configured to boot the system from the onboard NAND module or from Ethernet network See the respective section of this manual for how to configure booting sequence and other boot loader parameters Onboard NAND Storage Device The RouterBOARD may be started from the onboard NAND storage chip As there is no partition table on the device the boot loader assumes the first 4MiB form a YAFFS filesystem and executes the file called kernel stored in the root directory on that partition It is possible to partition
10. n 1 Data TX 2 Data TX 3 Data RX 4 PoE power 5 PoE power Data RX RJ45 Fast Ethernet 100Base TX port LAN2 9 no PoE Power jack 10 28 V DC positive contact is the central pin 1 2 3 Two DC Fan 3 3V connectors alternating 1 GND 2 3 3 V DC 3 Rotation speed feedback Two DC Fan Line connectors alternating 2 12 24 V DC same as input voltage 3 Rotation speed feedback One USB 2 0 RB493G only Button Index S3 Software Reset 1 button Loads the Primary boot loader RESET Software Reset 2 jumper Resets RouterOS settings 10 RouterBOARD 493 Series User s Manual Ethernet Cables RJ45 Color Function RJ45 pin for Straight cable RJ45 pin for Crossover cable Pin MDI EIA TIA568A MDI X EIA TIA568B 1 Green TX Data 1 3 2 Green White TX Data 2 6 3 Orange RX Data 3 1 4 Blue 5 4 4 5 Blue White 5 5 6 Orange White RX Data 6 2 7 Brown 7 7 8 Brown White 8 8 Serial Null modem Console Cable with Loopback DBOf Function DBOf DB25f 1 4 6 CD DTR DSR N C N C N C CD DTR DSR 1 4 6 6 8 20 RxD 3 2 TxD 2 3 5 GND 5 7 8 RTS CTS 7 8 4 5 N C not connected 11
11. n el crete rare taa 5 Input Output POTES A A dei aa onde ai dada rua 5 LANI Part With POB tomen a benen were hennie be men wee ae badeend RU REN da 5 BI Se Glee EN 5 Cooling Fan CONNECTORS i sirenen drenten ir radeln eile aime M RR ORB RUN Gain da 5 USB 5 dp c MU cT 5 Power En 5 USERE D LM DD 5 User s ETD EEE 6 Assembling the HardWare nia agr ange id sn cate RR SER nende 6 POWER AA wetende la O E DIU a a dame TES ii 6 Bobting ODEONS EEE 6 Onboard NAND Storage DEVICE 2 rere correr sore tee Satan Ene verdienen a tante kt 6 BOCINA Minos oM olie Lola A A o Ei 6 Operating System SUPPONE ai ibi 7 MikroTik RouterOS a A A A RA t te Da nde gna 7 lol Le Ta AOL EE 7 Boot Loader Configuratio on regeren e cite eer oven PE omne is 7 Configurable Options ici A nere arden A A A 7 Boot Loader UPA e aahhauaiimen entice 8 Primary Boot A iaa sie 8 RouterOS on RouterBOARD 493 san saar tas ii akan Pa RR a A aca tedden AAA at 8 A PEN NP cin ete A See ne esa date nite I eae NEP EE 8 MEA Informieti ti or ororxU Sane bio ao Rr xTM SDA plato ERR TA RURA MOM VERA DNE UEKUN METRUM ova srele aaa AME RUN SB att GE late ori 8 Bim Ware SEUNG S duci heme Prats gedaen net ennen eren kenen eenen PEE UA nnee ne 9 Software RESTE vein cine deden ran an eee rV Use TON diana db ames did de bli DR 9 AD DONNA En 10 Connector In lo LES 10 Button Index oic oe date demenner ade dake d
12. rOS The procedure is described in the MikroTik RouterOS manual Primary Boot Loader There are two boot loaders present on the NOR flash memory chip Secondary is the main one that is executed by default This is the one that can be upgraded In case something goes wrong in the upgrade process or you have set some incorrect settings that render it unusable you can load the Primary boot loader by holding the Software Reset 1 button S1 or jumper JP301 connecting the power and then releasing the button jumper The Primary boot loader has the default settings which can not be changed It is also not possible to upgrade it RouterOS on RouterBOARD 493 Health monitor This menu shows the current input voltage and fan status admin MikroTik gt system health print fan mode manual use fan main active fan main voltage 18 8 admineMikroTik gt fan mode whether to use automatic fan failover auto manual manual by default use fan which fan to use in manual mode main auxiliary main by default Firware information This menu displays RouterBOARD model number serial number the current boot loader version and the RouterBOARD 493 Series User s Manual version available in the current software packages installed admin MikroTik gt system routerboard print routerboard yes model 493 serial number 154201C1DD3C current firmware 2 16 upgrade firmware 2 16 adminGMikroTik gt The firmware ve
13. rsion can be upgraded using system routerboard upgrade command if a new firmware file has been uploaded to the RouterOS Files menu Also new firmware is present in the routerboard npk package which is usually installed by default In this case new firmware becomes available after a software upgrade Availability of new BootLoader versions is displayed in upgrade firmware Firmware Settings Boot loader settings are also accessible through this menu admin MikroTik gt system routerboard settings print baud rate 115200 boot delay 2s boot device nand if fail then ethernet enter setup on any key cpu frequency 680MHz boot protocol bootp nable jumper reset yes admin MikroTik gt The Software Reset 2 button TP2 button which resets both boot loader settings and RouterOS setting by default can be disabled in this menu it will still reset the boot loader settings Software Reset It is possible to reset all software configuration by short circuiting the reset hole during the power up see ROS reset in layout diagram No confirmation or passwords will be asked so use with caution This feature can be disabled in the system routerboard settings menu by switching the enable jumper reset parameter to no RouterBOARD 493 Series User s Manual Appendix Connector Index ORN TT 510 rans bat OOOO Me Z RTS Rens OOOO RJ45 Fast Ethernet 100Base TX port LAN1 with passive PoE extensio
14. the rest of the medium by patching the kernel source Booting from network Network boot works similarly to PXE or EtherBoot protocol and allows you to boot a RouterBOARD 493 series computer from an executable image stored on a TFTP server It uses BOOTP or DHCP configurable in boot loader protocol to get a valid IP address and TFTP protocol to download an executable ELF kernel image combined with the initial RAM disk inserted as an ELF section to boot from the TFTP server s IP address and the image name must be sent by the BOOTP DHCP server To boot the RouterBOARD computer from Ethernet network you need the following e An ELF kernel image for the loader to boot from you can embed the kernel parameters and initrd image as ELF sections called kernparm and initrd respectively e A TFTP server which to download the image from e A BOOTP DHCP server may be installed on the same machine as the TFTP server to give an IP RouterBOARD 493 Series User s Manual address TFTP server address and boot image name See the RouterBOOT section on how to configure loader to boot from network Note that you must connect the RouterBOARD you want to boot and the BOOTP DHCP and TFTP servers to the same broadcast domain i e there must not be any routers between them Operating System Support MikroTik RouterOS MikroTik RouterOS starting from v4 13 is fully compatible with RouterBOARD 493 series embedded boards RouterBOOT The RouterBO
15. wo DC fan power output qwe an Power output Two DC fan power output headers with rotation i headers with rotation sensor headers with rotation sensor sensor and automatic fan and automatic fan switching switching maximum and automatic fan switching maximum output current output current 500mA maximum output current 500mA total total 500mA total Dimensions 105 mm x 160 mm 105 mm x 160 mm 105 mm x 160 mm i Es o i epe o i ES o o Operational 20 C to Operational 20 C to Operational 20 C to 65 C 65 C 4 F to 149 F 65 C 4 F to 149 F 4 F to 149 F Operational up to 70 Operational up to 70 Operational up to 70 Humidity relative humidity non relative humidity non relative humidity non condensing condensing condensing 3W without extension 3W without extension Power cards maximum 25W cards maximum 25W consumption 18W output to extension 18W output to extension cards cards 3W without extension cards maximum 25W 18W output to extension cards RouterBOARD 493 Series User s Manual Hardware Guide Extension Slots MiniPCl Slots The board has three MiniPCI Type IIIA slots with 3 3V only power signaling They also accept MiniPCI Type IIIB standard cards Supplied power for the extension cards excluding CPU and onboard Ethernet ports 3 3V 5 5A max Input Output Ports LAN1 Port with PoE This Fast Ethernet port is recognized as the first LAN int
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