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GeoTide Analyzer

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1. GeoTide Analyzer GeoTide Analyzer User Guide The software described in this document is provided under licence and may only be used in accordance with the terms of the agreement Whilst every attempt has been made to ensure that the information contained within this document is free from error Geomatix cannot be held responsible for any damage whether arising directly or indirectly which is attributed to any omissions or errors The specifications contained in this document may be subject to change without notice Document GeoTide Analyzer User Manual Geomatix Ltd Stonelea North Street Barrow Upon Humber DN19 7AP United Kingdom www geomatix net GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x O 2015 Geomatix Ltd Contents 3 Table of Contents Part Overview 8 AS iaa 8 A aeaa ae cee EEA A EA aE aE E Sctuceted iced cecsssaneeedeceaatdees 9 A E E E T E E T 10 4 Default F lderS 22 2 22 licita cnica cio rare aeaea aaa a Aaa anna keora SEE Sana able aaaeeeaa 10 5 Analysis and Prediction in 10 steps uuuunuansannanannnnnnnnnnnnnnnnannnnnnnnnnnnnnannanannnnnnnnnnnnnnnn nn 12 6 Stages iNn nn Ri 13 Importing ic E AA ld 13 Saving 15 Loading 15 Editing 15 Analysing 16 Reporting 17 Predicting 17 Making a Spectrum a 18 Part Il Main Screen 20 OS da 20 File 21 Data 22 O A NN 23 74197 TE21 RORRSROREFLEFPEPPE PEERFFRFEPFERTEFECFFERRLFELEELSEETECSERTETPERRERFELTEFT
2. Displaying 1131 of 28806 loaded records Clicking the File Import Import1D Stream menu and loading an ASCII source data file displays the Import 1D Stream window The ASCII file should contain date time and speed fields on each record The direction is assumed to be the same throughout the file either by virtue of its location e g a narrow strait or river or because it has already been resolved by a 2 component vector tide stream gauge The content of the ASCII file is shown in the upper portion of the window with scroll bars to view the file On large files this window will show only the first 32kB of the file All of the data file will be processed even if it is truncated in the display The purpose of this window is to 1 Allocate the date and speed fields 2 Convert the speed units 3 Allocate a stream direction to the data 4 Enter Metadata such as location and position or click highlight select as with tidal heights 5 Load the data into the graphical main window The steps which are very similar to those for tidal heights are described in more detail in the following section Note On large files this window will show only the first 32kB of the file However all of the data file will be processed even if it is truncated within the display GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd Importing Data 41 3 3 1D Stream Steps Import 1D Stream C Documents and Settings Steve Ap
3. 78 GeoTide Analyzer 8 1 2 Here you can change following data Port Name This name will appear on all tables derived from this tidal constants Note that you can enter here optional non western characters using their html equivalents If the western ASCII characters are to appear first they must be separated from the non Western characters by amp nbsp for example as Port Salalah amp nbsp amp 1605 amp 1610 amp 1606 amp 1600 8 amp 1575 amp 1569 amp 1589 amp 1600 amp 1604 amp 1575 amp 1604 amp 1600 amp 1600 amp 1607 Or ifthe Arabic is required first amp 1605 amp 1610 amp 1606 amp 1600 8 amp 1575 amp 1569 amp 1589 amp 1600 amp 1604 amp 1575 amp 1604 amp 1600 8 amp 1600 amp 1607 amp nbsp Port Salalah Gauge ID Enter as an ASCII string Time Zone Enter here four digits representing hhmm with an optional or prefix Note the prefix is for West and for East This is the UKHO standard for time zones and is the opposite way round from many modern documents e g telephone directories etc Position Latitude entered as dd mm mm followed by N or S Longitude entered as ddd mm mm followed by E or W Constants File Clicking the option Constants File displays the Constants File Editor lolxi Location Name Port Salalah amp nbsp amp 1605 amp 1610 amp 1606 amp 1600 amp 1575 amp 1569 amp 1599 amp 1600 amp 1604 amp 41575 amp H 1604
4. GeoTide Analyzer 12 5 the tidal source data available and the complexity of the tidal curve Source Data Duration As a general rule if the tidal duration extends over n days individual tidal frequency components which have a frequency closer then 1 n days will not be resolved Therefore such components which are closely spaced in frequency should be included as members of a group rather than individually therefore the tidal scheme chosen is related to the duration of the tidal source data Tidal Curve Complexity Simple tidal curves having a substantially sinusoidal shape require the inclusion of only the fundamental tidal components Tidal curves having a non sinusoidal shape require the additional inclusion of overtone sum and difference components which may slow analysis Curves having substantial symmetry but a flattening at the top and bottom require the application of even harmonics of the fundamentals Tidal curves which are triangular in shape i e sharp at the top and bottom require odd harmonics Those which lack symmetry may require both even and odd harmonics These can be odd or even harmonics can be incorporated within the Tidal Scheme files as desired Meteorological Effects Conventional tidal theory assumes that the frequency components of the tide arise only from the action of the tidal gravitational potential i e pull of the sun and moon It is the effect of this tidal gravitational potential which is t
5. GeoTide Analyzer carries out harmonic tidal constituent analysis and is designed for the professional hydrographer and tidal surveyor GeoTide Analyzer converts observed tide gauge data directly into tidal harmonic constants which can then be used to make tidal predictions for any future or past date To create the tidal harmonic constants you need good quality tide gauge data Your tide gauge data is imported into the GeoTide system using the comprehensive data import facilities these facilities enable you to select the relevant data fields from the import file data The import data can also be imported from a text editor or from a spreadsheet such as Microsoft Excel In certain rare cases for example where the tide gauge output is in binary we can provide additional conversion routines Once imported the tidal data can be edited and filtered using the comprehensive facilities provided within GeoTide to remove spikes and erroneous points The user can then select from various options which set the number and type of harmonic constants to be found Advanced users can even create their own tidal scheme for use with GeoTide Analyzer specifying which tidal components to include The analyzer provides analysis facilities for both tidal heights and tidal streams The tidal constants files created by GeoTide Analyzer are compatible with GeoTide Predictor our premier tidal prediction package which enables you to produce document ready ti
6. tc1 Folder sAPPDATA GeoTide or APPDATA GeoTide TidalData Note Files within sAPPDATA GeoTide TidalData are automatically displayed by the Predictor within its location display panel for ease of selection Configuration Data The following locations are used to store configuration settings Analyzer Configuration Data cfg Initial Folder sAPPDATA Analyzer Predictor Configuration Data cfg Initial Folder sAPPDATA Predictor GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x O 2015 Geomatix Ltd 12 GeoTide Analyzer 1 5 Analysis and Prediction in 10 steps Run Analyzer EXE 1 Click and load example file by using File Load whitby rec 2 Click Analyze Select Scheme Mixed Tide 1M 3M sch 3 Click Solve By Matrix Inversion 4 Click Analyse GeoTide displays RMSE 6 3mm 5 Click Close 6 Click File Save location constants The dialogue should prompt you with a name and location Click Save 7 Click Exit on the main window to close the analyzer Run Predictor exe 8 Click File Open 9 Select the tc1 file which you just created above 10 It loads as Whitby Harbour and then draw the graph shown below Notes You can drag the graph left or right or zoom in and out as you wish You can use the graph menu option to change the date and duration ioi x File Graph Map Lists Tables TimeZone 0000 Help Other Port Salhala_IHO 10 Whitby Tide Height m TIMEZONE 0000 gt 12
7. Double click the right mouse button to Zoom Out An example sequence is shown below GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x O 2015 Geomatix Ltd 30 GeoTide Analyzer 2 2 3 GeoTide Analyzer C _do tide testdata TestTidaData ug_2013147 2013183 rec 1 month _rjaint a255 14 Jun 13 10 06 00 4 12m Cursor 14 Jun 13 09 43 41 5 23m 2 GeoTide Analyzer C 1_doMideMestdatalTestTidalDatatug_2013147 2013183 rec File Data View Analyse Predict Spectrum Report Tools Help Exit days A joint 4255 14 Jun 13 10 06 00 4 12m Cursor 14 Jun 13 09 55 07 5 23m 4 GeoTide Analyzer C 1_doMideMestdatalTestTidalDatatug_2013147 2013183 rec File Data View Analyse Predict Spectrum Report Tools Help Exit 1 day A joint 4255 14 Jun 13 10 06 00 4 12m Cursor 14 Jun 13 09 55 38 5 23m Note The horizontal scroll position is automatically adjusted to maintain the on screen position of the Hopping Point wherever possible The vertical scales is automatically selected to fit the maximum and minimum values of the tidal records Resizing The main screen can be resized at any time To resize the window move the mouse cursor to any edge or corner of the window and drag as required The displayed graph s will automatically re scale and both cursor and point readouts will be appropriately adjusted to preserve readout accuracy If a large number of data points are loaded over 1 000 000 you may experience a delay of some secon
8. Main Screen 4 GeoTide Analyzer C _do tide GeoTide3 0 5 TestTidalData SRD data 11 rec oj xj File Data View Analyse Predict Spectrum Report Tools Help Exit fi month y Point 4617 19 Jun 11 20 06 44 4 87m Cursor 19 Jun 11 20 07 01 5 27m The main screen serves as a control center for editing and viewing data as part of data pre processing and its main feature is a graphical display with up to four layers of graphs available When a tidal record is loaded it is always displayed graphically in this window Tidal analysis is also initiated from this main windows using the Analyse top menu function The screen can simultaneously display four layers these are the original graph the locally edited graph the results of the tidal analysis curve and a prediction curve all in different user selectable colours The layers may be turned on and off using the Plot Controller which is also activated under the View top menu function The vertical axis scale and origin is normally automatically set while the horizontal axis timescale of the window can be set either manually or automatically The horizontal axis origin is determined by the horizontal scroll bar Cursor and point readouts are provided Menus 224 GeoTide Analyzer C _do tide GeoTide3 0 5 Test TidalData SRD data 11 rec File Data View Analyse Predict Spectrum Report Tools Help Exit The top level menu items shown above are e File Used to load
9. Scope 8 screen 20 scroll 20 27 31 searching data point 31 seasonal 88 selecting 48 setting 84 settings 21 shallow 61 105 shortcut 27 sizing 30 smoothing 49 source 84 spectral 24 84 spectrum 24 84 speed 43 44 100 spikes 28 SRD 80 standard 66 107 Standard Deviation 24 Standard Error 24 starting 9 statistic 107 Statistics 17 24 steps 13 18 41 stop 59 storm 106 stream 40 41 43 100 sub sampling 48 sufficient 56 sum 105 summer 88 surge 106 Ts target 60 text 94 Thickness 32 tidal 13 15 20 24 59 62 100 104 tidal analysis 16 tidal parameters 17 tidal spectrum 18 tide 37 80 100 104 tides 13 time 60 timescale 20 timezone 76 tools 76 84 trialand error 59 U undo 52 units 29 user 27 95 using 9 27 GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd Index V vector 43 100 version 25 view 20 94 viewer 63 94 viewing 23 31 water 61 105 weather 88 106 welch 90 Width 32 window 90 windows 10 winter 88 Word 17 24 70 word processor 17 working 20 56 95 worst 17 write 21 writing 21 2a zoom 31 84 113 GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd
10. amp H1 Gauge ID TimeZone Latitude 54 30 00N Cancel Longitude rooe OK Here you can change following data Port Name This name will appear on all tables derived from this tidal constants Note that you can enter here optional non western characters using their html equivalents If the western ASCII characters are to appear first they must be separated from the non western characters by amp nbsp for example as GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd Tools 79 Port Salalah amp nbsp amp 1605 amp 1610 amp 1606 amp 1600 amp 1575 amp 1569 amp 1589 amp 1600 amp 1604 amp 1575 amp 1604 amp 1600 amp 1600 amp 1607 Or ifthe Arabic is required first amp 1605 amp 1610 amp 1606 amp 1600 amp 1575 amp 1569 amp 1589 amp 1600 amp 1604 amp 1575 amp 1604 amp 1600 8 amp 1600 amp 1607 amp nbsp Port Salalah Gauge ID Enter as an ASCII string Time Zone Enter here four digits representing hhmm with an optional or prefix Note the prefix is for West and for East This is the UKHO standard for time zones and is the opposite way round from many modern documents e g telephone directories etc Position Latitude entered as dd mm mm followed by N or S Longitude entered as ddd mm mm followed by E or W 8 2 Encrypter 24 GeoTide Analyzer C _do tide GeoTide3 0 5 TestTidalData SRD data 11 rec File Data View Analyse Predict Sp
11. by Value or by Block By Glitch A glitch is characterised by the slope of the graph between that point and its following neighbour Depending on the tidal range a typical figure of greater than 4 meters per hour almost certainly indicates an erroneous data point The glitch search is triggered by a positive or a negative slope which exceeds the value set GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd Editing Data 51 By Value Filtering by value enables you to remove points according to their value Points which are equal to greater than or less than a certain value can be automatically listed for removal This is useful since in many cases certain values or range of values are know to be incorrect For example when some tide gauges fail a figure of 99 is always returned and if there is a data transmission or electrical problem frequently the value stored is 0 or a figure which is below the lowest astronomical tide is returned if a tide gauge jams Such values can be removed automatically using this facility By Block Data may be returned where blocks of adjacent points have identical values Such problems can occur due to equipment failure Of course it is possible depending upon the time interval that at high and low tide a few adjacent values will be identical For this reason you can set a figure for the minimum number of identical adjacent values which will trigger this filter Note Care should be exercise
12. identify and accurately readout the numerical values of an individual point without having to position the mouse exactly over it When displaying more than one layer you must select the layer which is to be used for displaying the hopping point cursor This is layer is known as the Working Layer The numerical values of the point cursor are displayed in the Point text box while the normal mouse cursor position is displayed in the Cursor text box Values are shown in date time and meters or meters per second in the case of tidal streams Deleting a Single Point with the Keyboard To delete an individual point simply move the cursor left or right until the point cursor hops to the point you want to delete Press the delete key on the keyboard and you will be prompted to confirm that you want to delete this point Deleting One or More Points with the Mouse To delete one or more points at once drag the mouse across the points which you want to delete whilst holding down the left mouse key As you drag the mouse a rectangle is drawn and the points within this rectangle are the points you are selecting for deletion When you release the mouse button you will be prompted for confirmation that you want to delete these selected points When you delete points from the Working Layer you can still see the points you have deleted by looking at the Original Layer provided it is checked in the Plot Controller window Points can be manually ed
13. thermometer which is displayed GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd Harmonic Analysis 61 Residual Error This checkbox displays the residual error which is the difference between the above graphs rather than the predicted graph itself Using this option together with the Spectrum Analyser enables you to search for missing components more easily Dynamic Sub Sampling The checkbox increases the speed at which the program determines the harmonic constants It does this by sub sampling the loaded tidal record The sampling interval dynamically varies so that as the error target is reached more and more points are used from within the record It can be clicked while the iteration is in progress Shallow Water Corrections are described in the following section 5 2 2 2 Shallow Water Coefficients Analysis Settings Simplified Harmonic sch v Operation Creating new constants file Number of harmonic components 55 in 4 groups Iteration Until RMS Rrror lt Error Target Iterate for 2 passes error C Iterate for to minutes o e rear netten Display Residual Error M Shallow Water Coefficients Error Target mm 100 Shallow Water effects can cause the tide to be non sinusoidal in extreme cases resulting in standing tides or extra tides These are handled in GeoTide Analyzer in two ways via harmonic overtones included in the tidal scheme file or by an algebraic correction called the Shallow Wa
14. 61 AN ZO o as 62 3 Saving Harmonic Constant uuuussusnnannnnnnnnnnnannnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnannnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnannnnnnn 63 Part VI Predicting 66 1 Comparing Predicted 8 Observed cnmmmicccccccccnonnncnnncncnnenennsrrnnna rre 67 2 Tide at regular intervals nensesnnnsennnnnnnennnnnnnennnnnnnnennnnan nennen nn nennnnannen nennen nennen nennen 68 Part VII Reporting 70 1 Functional Overview unsnesnnnnnnannnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnanennnnnnnannnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnne 70 2 Loading D ta ii a ica casan 71 3 Comparison OPtIONS coman aos 71 4 Harmonie OPtlON coin ii iia 72 ASA ooo senivenuccecadeeustevsecueceeasevcseivescdeenaceeeeeeceveend 73 6 SAVING a eds 73 Part VIII Tools 76 1 Port Edit f 2 04 23205 eaa aa e ea parra iia 76 Record Elle A Cees See eed Bee sic s Sa co ae ae aldo ce Sec ed ede a 77 Constant Fille iii adi s 78 NA RE TRIERER EIER A A E OF REHEREDERNEREISPRERESTCHRHRE 79 3 Merge Tool 2 1 2 2n cs allen ignssrnesuclestenalasealbenhansneennhangnen 80 4 Exceedance Tables ai 81 Part IX Spectrum Analyser 84 1 Functional Overview ea nei 84 LOTOOL ICONS ii A 85 3 Missing Scheme Constituent uessnssnnnsnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnunnnnnnnnnnnnnannnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnannnnnann 86 GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd Contents 5 oo OO fF Part X oa Aa wWN Part XI 1 Part XII oa fF WON R
15. 87 analyse 13 20 59 62 analysing 10 13 16 20 24 analysis 20 24 56 57 59 61 62 analysis methods 57 antialias 90 anti alias 89 90 ASCII 13 36 astronomic 13 astronomical 17 88 astronomy 106 Audience 8 audit 94 automated 22 50 automatic 10 22 50 average 22 49 averaging 10 20 49 axis 20 B back 52 bad 48 bartlett 90 bearing 100 beginning 9 block 50 C cancel 52 59 capabilities 8 center 20 clipboard 73 close 26 closing 26 coefficients 61 Color 32 Colour 32 colours 89 column 13 comma 36 comma separated 13 comparing 17 24 66 67 70 71 72 Comparison 24 component 84 85 components 84 100 104 105 concatenate 80 configure 21 configuring 21 consituents 84 constants 13 16 23 24 56 59 61 63 94 96 97 constituent 85 86 87 constituents 56 96 97 104 105 contents 25 continuous 56 control 20 controller 23 converting 56 copy 73 corrections 105 create 73 CSV 36 cursor 20 52 curve 20 D data 13 15 36 37 40 48 50 80 84 90 95 data window 89 date 44 default 10 delete 15 28 48 deleting 28 29 48 delimited 36 delimiter 44 depth 37 difference 67 70 71 105 directory 10 63 discrepancies 17 discrepancy 17 48 67 70 71 discrepant 22 discrimination 87 display 20 GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd 110 GeoTide Analyzer displayed 20 displaying 10 20 95 displays 10 20 31
16. 95 distributing 79 Doodson 104 duration 56 68 Se edit 15 20 22 48 editing 13 22 29 52 encryption 76 79 erroneous 56 error 24 48 60 66 67 70 71 107 Exceed 81 Exceedance 81 Exceeding 81 exit 20 21 26 exitting 26 export 21 exporting 21 F facilities 8 27 105 FastDraw 32 features 8 105 file 20 59 filter 22 filtering 10 find 25 finding data 31 fixed 44 flood 106 flooding 88 flow 40 43 100 folder 63 folders 10 Format 80 fourier 24 84 85 104 frequency 84 87 G gaps 56 Gauge 36 37 43 71 76 80 getting started 9 glitch 50 glitches 28 graph 20 31 68 84 95 graphs 20 group 56 104 groups 104 H halt 59 hamming 90 hanning 90 Harbour 81 harmonic 13 16 24 56 57 59 61 63 84 86 87 94 96 97 104 harmonic analysis 57 harmonic constants 79 HAT 17 24 72 heading 43 44 100 height 37 help 20 25 High Tides 81 highest 17 horizontal 20 howto 13 how to make a spectrum 18 icons 84 ID 76 identifying 17 50 Import 21 37 41 80 importing 13 21 36 incorrect 22 index 25 inerface 27 interval 72 intervals 67 68 70 71 inversion 57 iteration 57 59 62 iteration options 59 GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd Index 111 land 104 LAT 17 24 72 latitude 76 layers 20 23 31 legend 23 level 17 Line 32 listing in Predictor 10 load 21 59 loading 13 15 21 71 location 56 63 log 23 95 Loga
17. Change the sign units of the data and add an offset if required 4 Load the data into the graphical main window The content of the ASCII file is shown in the upper portion of the window with scroll bars to view the file The steps to importing the ASCII file are 1 Setting the Delimited Fixed Space option This indicates the type of file you are importing A delimited file is where there is always the same character as a separator often a comma or a tab A fixed space file is one where the data forms perfect columns which do not move to the left or right as you scroll down the file 2 Setting the Date and Height fields GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd 38 GeoTide Analyzer The date and height fields are selected by highlighting the first occurrence of the data with the mouse To highlight the relevant information move the mouse to the left of the information hold down the left mouse button and move the mouse to the end of the information Note that the whole field must be highlighted If it is the last field on the row highlight as far as possible to the right a The Date Field Click the Date button and highlight the first row where a date is present Note that the whole date must be highlighted Use the pull down checkbox labelled Regional Settings to determine the method of date conversion The options are 1 Regional Settings uses the window regional system setting and routines or 2
18. Original Analysis Prediction rather than the checkbox sets that layer to be active i e so that the red marker will hop on that layer When clicked the bold font indicates which layer is the active layer The number of points within each record is displayed to the right of the checkbox The Plot Controller window can be closed using the View Plot Controller menu Graphic Settings Graphic Settings x Graphics Settings Size Original Mi Working E 2 Analysis ma Prediction 2 Selected Bis k Background MN Cancel OK Fast draw graphics V Click the File Graphic Settings menu to change the colours and size of drawn points of each layer and the background colour of the main screen The selected colour and size sets the colour and size of the highlighted point on the active layer Clicking the coloured boxes causes the windows colour selector to be displayed where you should select the new color desired and click OK GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd Main Screen 33 Color EE Basic colors EE 5 5 5 eee EERE m Custom colors ITT aa EERE EE Ee Define Custom Colors gt gt Cares Click the text boxes headed Size to change the drawing point size in pixels The option Fast Draw Graphics causes a faster set of drawing instructions to be used This is the recommended setting The option is provided because very occasionally on extremely regular data with s
19. US Date Conversion using our own internal routines 3 Non US Date Conversion using our own internal routines b The Height Depth Field Click the Height button and highlight the first row where a height or depth is present Note that the whole date must be highlighted If the value is a depth rather than a height then click the invert button also 3 Units and Corrections a Units The units available are meter cm mm decimal feet feet and inches and fathoms The conversion is carried out upon input GeoTide Analyzer works internally exclusively in meters b Additional Correction to Date A correction to the data in the time field can be incorporated here For example if the tide gauge is set to a different time zone from the standard time zone for that location Enter a figure in decimal hours to add to the time c Additional Correction to Height CD A constant addition can be incorporated to allow for differences in Chart Datum between the gauge and prediction datum required Enter a figure to add in meters in the text box Add m 4 Meta Data The Gauge ID Location Name Time Zone Latitude and Longitude may also be set by clicking the relevant button and then highlighting the information in a similar way to setting the height and date fields above We recommend that this data is always entered for audit purposes i Location Name You can enter the name by typing or by clicking this button and then highlighting the name in
20. a turning point GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd 82 GeoTide Analyzer Minimum Number of Points Only applies to High Water Exceedance Tables Sets a minimum in hours This width is used for determining a turning point Height Threshold Only applies to High Water Exceedance Tables Rejects all turning points with a value below this figure Reject Multi Tides Only applies to High Water Exceedance Tables Rejects Standing Extra Multi Tides occurring within this time in hours The highest turning point within the time window is chosen for the exceedance table Daily Maxima Selects the type of table All Tide Data Points Selects the type of table Table Interval Applies to all types of table Sets the value of the row interval in the table HT Format Applies to all types of table Provides the format string for the listing of height in column 1 of the table Percent Format Applies to all types of table Provides the format string for the listing of percent in column 4 of the table Uses standard Microsoft VBA Excel format strings such as 0 00 Go Click this command button causes the table to be calculated and displayed GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd Part Spectrum Analyser 84 GeoTide Analyzer 9 1 Spectrum Analyser GeoTide contains a fully featured tidal spectral analyser accessible from the Spectrum top menu Spectral a
21. import or save data files harmonic constants or to change settings e Data Click Edit to remove or modify source data or to carry out an Undo command e View Used to display logs schemes and harmonic constants e Analyse Activates the Tidal Analysis window which carries out harmonic tidal analysis e Predict Activates the prediction window GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd Main Screen 21 e Spectrum Activates the prediction window e Report Activates the prediction window e Tools Activates the Port Header Editor the Encrypter and the Merge Tool Help Activates the help menu for help related tasks e Exit This is an alternative way of closing the system If the tidal record or location constants have changed you will be asked if you want to save them 2 1 1 File 22 GeoTide Analyzer C _do tide GeoTide3 0 5 TestTidalData SRD data 11 rec File Data View Analyse Predict Spectrum Report Tools Help Exit The top level File Menu provides the following sub menus Load Record Save Record Load Location Constants Save Location Constants save gt Import ASCII gt Export ASCII gt Create 2D Stream Settings Exit Load Record Loads a GeoTide tidal record in file rec Save Record Saves a GeoTide tidal record in file rec Load Location Constants Loads the harmonic constants from a GeoTide tidal constants file tc1 Save Location Constants Save
22. of the data the following warning or similar is displayed GeoTide Analyzer f x A Scheme may be too complex For data set At least 10 of the constituents have abnormal amplitude For example in the above case when selecting a mixed tide of between 1 year and 18 years analysis the error message is displayed The data duration can be readily determined by observing the messages for that layer in the Plot Controller or by using the pull down menu above the graph on the main window at the top left This is shown below and is around 4 months duration 4 GeoTide Analyzer C _do tide GeoTide3 0 5 whitby2 rec File Data View Analyse Predict Spectrum Report Tools Help Exit iS months Point 1213 15 Jan 95 03 40 00 4 68m Cursor 15 Jan 95 03 40 34 6 14m AAA AAA Analysis Scheme MixedTidelY 18Y Prediction Constants C _do tide GeoT ide3 0 5 whitby_MixedT ide1M 3M2 In this case it is better to chose a tidal scheme which is designed for a shorter tidal duration GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd Harmonic Analysis 59 5 2 2 Iteration Click the Analysis menu on the main screen to display this window whose functions are reviewed here Analysis Settings pa Select tidal analysis scheme v Solve By Matrix Inversion Display Residual Error J Iteration IV Dynamic Sub Sampling P Use Shallow Water Coefficients Passes fio times Time feo minutes Until RMS Rrror lt Error
23. specifiable printer with the usual options Save to File Causes the document to be save d in a use specifiable location To Clipboard Saves the file as an RTF document in the Windows Clipboard Close Closes the window and return to the main screen GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd Tools 76 GeoTide Analyzer 8 Tools 22 GeoTide Analyzer C _do tide GeoTide3 0 5 TestTidalData SRD data 11 rec File Data view Analyse Predict Spectrum Report Tools Help Exit The Tools Menu provides additional facilities which are added to GeoTide its Port Header Editor gt Encrypter Merge Tool Port Editor The Port Editor enables you to change the port details which are held within the tidal record file rec or tidal constants file tc1 You may want to change these detail because they may have been entered incorrectly when you originally imported the data or they may have changed for other reasons For example you can enter an additional name in a local script e g Arabic or Chinese or you can change the default time zone here These details which can be changed are currently e Port Name e Gauge ID e Time Zone e Position Latitude and Longitude These same details appear verbatim upon the tide tables and graphs produced by GeoTide Predictor Encrypter Using the Encrypter utility you can encrypt the harmonic constants which are distributed to an end user thereby preventing them from hacking the distri
24. 00 15 00 18 00 21 00 00 00 03 00 06 00 09 00 11 07 2014 12 07 2014 fra Jul 2014 15 07 File selected C Documents and Settings Steve Application Data GeoTide TidalD ata whitby2_MixedTide1M 3M201407091817 Ui Congratulations you have successfully carried out a harmonic tidal analysis and you used the results to make predictions GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd Overview 13 1 6 1 6 1 Stages in An overview of the basic steps required for carrying out tidal analysis and prediction are e Importing Use the File gt Import gt Height menu to import an ASCII tidal height file e Saving Use the File gt Save menu to save a tidal data file e Loading Use the File gt Load menu to load a data file which has previously been saved e Editing Optionally manually edit or filter the data points as required e Analysing Select the tidal scheme and then carry out the tidal analysis e Predicting Click the Predict menu option button More details are provided on each step in the following pages Importing To import a tidal record in ASCII format click the File gt Import gt Depth menu to load and select a tidal data file Data files which have been created in a fixed space or comma delimited ASCII file can be imported provided there is one complete date and height on each record To import the data the following steps are required Steps 1 You must first decide whether the source data is fi
25. 01 24000 RMS Error 057 The option to predict at Regular Intervals predicts the tide at regular intervals times between a given start date and end date By default the start and end dates are derived from the start and end dates of the record in the working layer However the start and end date can be entered into the text boxes provided or if you double click the date box you can select the dates from a calendar shown below The time interval for predictions can be set in the text box provided September 2005 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 Click the Predict button to create the predicted curve Note that with this option the discrepancy figures cannot be calculated since there is no correspondence in time between the points with the graphs GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd Reporting 70 GeoTide Analyzer 7 1 Reporting A versatile report generator is included within GeoTide Analyzer which enables you to produce a fully formatted report This report contains e The results of a statistical analysis of the comparison of observed and predicted data e The tidal levels HAT MHWS MHHW MHW MHWN ML MLWN MLW MLLW MLWS LAT e A listing of the harmonic constants for that location The report is generated in Rich Text Format rtf which is compatible with most word processors including Microsoft Word The predicted d
26. 01160 etcpot 13 0575555 0 07299 etcpotf 25 0585545 0 00427 etcpotf 30 MEAN 10 CROUP 12 5 1257554 0 009SS etcpot 1275554 0 01153 etcpot GROUP 13 5 1356454 0 01360 etcpot 1356554 0 07216 etopotf 1374554 0 01371 etcpot GROUP 14 5 Shows the contents of the tidal analysis scheme file sch which is being used for Analysis if loaded Lines beginning with a quote are comments which have been entered into the system when the scheme was prepared Lines beginning with are group or component names Lines beginning with numbers are Doodson coefficients Analysis Constants le FILENAME C _do tide sample data whitby rec 23 Jun 2006 22 53 38 4 IMP_FILE C _ do tideanalysis whitby txt 08 Oct 2005 11 58 40 LOCATION Whitbyl GAUGE_ID Whitbyl Gauge TIMEZONE 0 POSITION 0 37 W 54 29 N SCHEMENAME Extended Harmonic sch 04 Aug 2006 22 46 11 MODE HEIGHT User 26 04 2007 18 35 40 Shallow Water Coefficients Unchecked Until RMS Rrror Error Target True Error Target mm 100 Iterate for False passes 2 Iterate for False minutes 10 Pass 2 26 BMS Error 126087767119551 MEAN 3 330072 GROUP 12 317 274 0 06356 GROUP 13 291 205 0 03351 GROUP 14 270 340 0 13519 GROUP 15 283 992 0 02398 GROUP 16 066 903 0 10152 GROUP 17 049 059 0 02934 GROUP 18 248 587 0 00836 Shows the tidal harmonic constants which have been created by the tidal harmonic analysis
27. 251 708 0 31851 eee 12 237 804 0 14713 Iteration 13 032 365 0 72252 14 01 219 915 1 58738 IV Dynamic Sub Sampling 15 271 844 1 36640 16 119 604 1 12459 17 307 890 0 67925 G fo ti 18 165 463 0 15378 A nee 22 172 342 0 20018 ra ko mi 23 319 981 0 57789 gt EEE 24 100 709 1 22132 Until RMS Rrror lt Error Target mm 150 25 321 063 1 26700 26 292 724 0 93650 27 217 882 0 34827 O GEE 35 238 171 0 00276 s RMSE mm 33 7 136 056 296 0 00548 ose Click Analyse to Restart When the Matrix Inversion option is selected there are no further choices to be made Simply click the Analyse button to carry out the analysis At the completion of the analysis by matrix inversion a graph is displayed in the analysis layer shown in blue while the original data is shown in yellow GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd 58 GeoTide Analyzer 32 GeoTide Analyzer C _do tide GeoTide3 0 5 TestTidalData Log_aLevel data 11 rec DB oj xj View A Predi Spectrum Report Tools Help Exit Y Point 94 09 May 11 15 20 05 4 68m Cursor 09 May 11 15 21 57 5 22m gt Analysis Scheme MixedTide1M 3M Prediction Constants C _do tide GeoT ide3 0 5 whitby_MixedTide1M 3M20 4 In the above example there is good agreement between the two Our matrix inversion algorithm is blisteringly fast and normally provides no problems However when a scheme has been chosen which is too complex for the duration
28. 709 1 22132 Until RMS Rrror lt Error Target mm fiso 25 321 063 1 26700 26 292 724 0 93650 27 217 882 0 34827 A as 35 238 171 0 00276 RmsEimm 37 136 056 296 0 00548 7 close Click Analyse to Restart Click the Analysis menu on the main screen to display the Analysis window a portion of which is shown above To begin tidal analysis the user must first select a tidal scheme from the pull down text GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd Harmonic Analysis 57 5 2 5 2 1 box shown above A number of Analysis Schemes are included with the GeoTide Analyzer They are listed in the readme txt file which is installed with the program Solve By Solve By Matrix Inversion Iteration Solve By Matrix Inversion or Iteration These button options enable you to select the analysis method These are Matrix Inversion Fast and accurate using the exact mathematical inverse of the prediction process Cannot handle the UKHO Simplified method with Shallow Water Corrections Iteration Slower than Matrix Inversion Uses the identical forward mathematics as in the prediction algorithm Can handle all type of analysis including UKHO Simplified method with Shallow Water Corrections Matrix Inversion MixedTide1M 3M sch X Number of harmonic components 61 in 19 groups Continue Previous Solve By 1 71533 Matrix Inversion Display Residual Error F Jog
29. 74 Cursor Y 0 3817 m Closest Group amp Line Group 27 XD0 2755555 The clickable icons functions are shown below Once an icon is activated all the other clickable icons are disabled until the process is completed A Creates the tidal power spectrum X Scale Zooms in by changing lower and upper frequencies of the horizontal axis of the display To zoom and change the x axis scaling click the icon and then click and drag the mouse from the lower limit required to the upper limit required using the left mouse button Click this icon again to complete the process You can also change this value by entering text into the lower and upper frequency limit boxes to the right of the icon Y Scale Changes the scale of the spectral plot Click the icon and then drag the mouse cursor down the image to set the new scale required Click the icon again to complete the process l Harmonic Relative Y Scale Changes the vertical scale of harmonic plot relative to the line plot Click the icon and then drag the mouse cursor down the image to set the new scale required Click the icon again to complete the scale change GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x O 2015 Geomatix Ltd 86 GeoTide Analyzer 9 3 E Settings Click the icon to displays the settings screen so you can change the display behaviour colours and set the anti alias window function Clicking again closes the settings screen Missing Scheme Constituents 10 x S
30. Ctri Z Revert to Original Sample Enables you to take a subset of points in the tidal record by sampling this can greatly reduce analysis time Click Sample to display the Sampling window Average Enables you to take a subset of the points in the tidal record by averaging the values of nearby points This can reduce both noise on the signal and analysis time Click Average to display the Averaging window Filter GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd Main Screen 23 Enables you to eliminate rogue data points which are known to have incorrect values in a semi automated way Undo Undo restores the previously displayed tidal record Revert to Original Reloads the tidal record previously loaded 2 1 3 View 22 GeoTide Analyzer C _do tide GeoTide3 0 5 TestTidalData SRD data 11 rec File Data View Analyse Predict Spectrum Report Tools Help Exit The View menu gains access to the following options 224 GeoTide Analyzer C _do tide GeoTide3 File Data View Analyse Predict Spectrum ft month Original Log Working Log Analysis Scheme Analysis Constants Prediction Scheme Prediction Constants Clicking any option causes the relevant window to be displayed each having the same overall behaviour but containing different information relating to the analysis process Each is a text window which can be closed by double clicking and you can cut and paste data from any
31. EFESTREFFEFTEREEFFERERRETFESFEOEFEFIRTFBERFESELFTELFPREELPECLTTEEFELSETSERTRTS 24 Predict 24 APA PA A O 24 Report ee e EE AE EEA E A E Ad adi 24 Tools 25 Help 25 Exit 26 2 Graph Operation r e r pre r ae aea raer rare aaa r aera a aar Eae r a Se Eaa E Eara Se anea aae napaan isani E 27 Deleting Points 2 usu r a0csesndsansaeranennntrnnnnannanenn snnndendechandeunnbannenasndennnn NO 28 Zooming 29 Resizing 30 Scrolling 31 Plotting 31 Graphic Settings ii inn inde pins 32 Part Ill Importing Data 36 T TIA Heidi seele ueheieeses 37 2 1D Streams nenn 40 A AO AA ee een 41 4 2D Stream este cases catechol tale eer 43 5 2D Stream Stepsi 2 nie 44 GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd 4 GeoTide Analyzer Part IV Editing Data 48 e ee E E ocamacucateceuses s2ateesacovesscesscacasdeccevezccesacoueddncccpsctstecusadeaeutestatesoatece 48 2 AVERAGE 1 22 E E A EE o E A AREA Er 49 OO 50 Ay Manual a acess etoile eed ta ee 52 SUNOS re A A A 52 A Se edectecerenseaacetcereas das scsdbcneuctas axrovesedsuencetdeerdcvesdduac coecaectustss sueccertdcues deeteercoaceed 53 Part V Harmonic Analysis 56 1 Selecting atidal scheme 2u 254 22 0020 00 ann danna dani diarias 56 2 SONG A O 57 Matrix Inversion o asa 57 An TN 59 lt rati n Option Sisri ei BIER en 60 Shallow Water Coefficients 422442444nBnnnnnnennnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnennnnnnnennnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn nennen
32. Find Index Contents www geomatix net About GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd 26 GeoTide Analyzer 2 1 10 The options are Find Opens the help file on the Find page Index Opens the help file on the Index page Contents Opens the help file on the Contents page Geomatix Website Opens a web browser on the Geomatix website About Displays version information of this program Exit 22 GeoTide Analyzer C _do tide GeoTide3 0 5 TestTidalData SRD data 11 rec File Data view Analyse Predict Spectrum Report Tools Help Exit Closing GeoTide To close GeoTide you can clicking the File Exit menu use the top menu Exit or click the close control button X on upper left hand side of the window Whichever way is used the termination process is identical If during this session the settings or data has changed you will be asked if you want to save the changes before quitting the program so that they are ready for the next time the system is used Specifically this applies to the following e changes to the data points within the tidal record e creation of harmonic constants e graphic settings for the main screen e settings for spectrum analyzer If any of these settings have been changed you will be prompted as to whether you want to save them Note You do not need to specify a filename for the system settings configuration GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geom
33. Note On large files this window will show only the first 32kB of the file However all of the data file will be processed even if it is truncated within the display Tidal Height Import Height C _geomatix ContractsQuotesEstimates Navionics Haringvlietsluizen data txt Name Haringvlietsluizen latitude 51 8292268352 Longitude 4 0448401435 Unit of measurement meters 0170172012 00 00 0 69 01 01 2012 00 10 0 69 0170172012 00 20 0 69 0170172012 00 30 0 69 0170172012 00 40 0 7 oil Starting Line F C _geomatix ContractsQuotesEstimates Navionics Haringvlietsluizen_data txt 11 Sep 2014 17 18 49 Fixed ed Field Separator First Point Selected Additional Correction Date j F p101 2012 00 00 Regional Settings y jo 0 Hours Height IR p 69 Meters m y o o m 7 Invert Gauge ID Name Haringvlietsluizen Location Name Haringvlietsluizen Time Zone 0000 amina Use UKHO Notation for Time Zones East is negative West is positive Import Latitude 51 49 75 N Cancel Longitude 004 02 69 E OK Displaying 1431 of 157822 loaded records Clicking the File Import Depth menu and loading a valid ASCII source data file displays the Import Height window above Itis used to import data from an ASCII source data into the graphical main window The purpose of the import window is as follows 1 Allocate the date and height fields 2 To enter meta data such as location 3
34. T 0000 TIMES AND HEIGHTS OF HIGH AND LOW WATERS YEAR 2014 JANUARY FEBRUARY Time m Time m Time m Time m 0334 5 60 0400 5 01 0455 5 77 0443 5 29 1 0937 1 09 16 0958 1 63 1 1057 0 84 16 1043 1 29 nnn MESS MTE Location Port Salhala Print Image Size 591 143 7 The difference between the two options is now described Record File Making changes to the data in the Records File i e the file with file extension rec means that all subsequent analysis using that record file will incorporate the changes you are making As well as filtering down into the tidal constants file the changes will also subsequently appear into all tide tables tide listing and prediction graphs made using this constants file within GeoTide Predictor Constants File Making changes to the data in the Constants File i e the file with file extension tc1 means that the changes will filter down subsequently into all tide tables tide listing and prediction graphs made using this constants file within GeoTide Predictor However if you carry out a new tidal analysis using the original record file the changes entered will be overwritten with those in the record file and will not incorporate the changes that you are make Record File Clicking the option Record File displays the Record File Editor AE Location Name Whitby Harbour Gauge ID Whitby Harbour TimeZone 0 Latitude BAAN Longitude Jove GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd
35. Target mm 150 RMSE mm se qi e o o _ HH Select Tidal Analysis Scheme A list of tidal schemes from which the user should select the scheme they want to use Load Previous You can optionally click this button to load a previously save harmonic constants file in which case the process starts from these saved values and not from zero Analyse Click to commence the analysis process Once running its label changes to Stop so that you can halt the process Cancel Click to cancel the analysis process oK Click to close the analysis process Iteration Options e Until RMS Error is less than the Error Target Halts the process when the error target is reached e lterate for n passes Halts the process after n times around e iterate for n minutes Halts the process whenafter n minutes Error Target Sets the value for the error target and changes the scale of the error and progress thermometers Dynamic Sub Sampling GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd 60 GeoTide Analyzer 5 2 2 1 Checking this box increases the speed at which the program finds the harmonic constants Display Residual Error Checking this box causes the residual error i e the difference between the observed and predicted to be displayed rather than the predicted curve Shallow Water Coefficients This check box enables an algebraic correction for non linear tidal effects r
36. You can optionally enter any comment such as reasons for carrying out this averaging action into the comment text box Note GeoTide Analyzer keeps a log of all sampling actions The settings are internally saved along with any comment Filter Fiter E List Criteria Glitch E meters per hour or more C Yalue C lt f gt 0 00 meters Block i 2 or more adjacent points having the same height 3975 15 Apr 07 08 24 00 1 83m 3976 18 Apr 07 08 34 00 Z 05m 4124 19 ipr 07 09 14 00 1 20m 4126 19 Apr 07 09 34 00 2 33m 27525 28 Sep 07 21 24 00 Z 10m 31550 26 Oct 07 20 14 00 Z 14m 31697 Z7 0ct 07 20 44 00 1 77m 31699 27 Dct 07 21 04 00 2 20m E f 135871 25 Nov 07 20 24 00 1 88m 55098 07 Apr 08 08 54 00 1 93m Delete 55247 08 Apr 08 09 44 00 Z 0lm Comment HO Dept remove glitches due to tide gauge problem or Cancel transfer error El ox Number of Input Points 78847 Points Identified for Deletion 13 Click the main menu item Edit gt Filter to display this window Filtering is used to remove incorrect data points which due their characteristic values are known to be incorrect Filtering is a two stage process Firstly the points are identified and listed for filtering according to the criteria which you have specified Secondly the listed points are deleted from the record by clicking the Delete button At any point you can abandon the search for points by clicking the List Stop button You can filter by Glitch
37. ach side of the slider moves the graph by around 90 of its width while clicking the scroll buttons at the lower left and right side of the main window moves the graph by around 25 of its width Tip When scrolling with the slider bar the date of the window is shown as the cursor position When graphs of many years are loaded this can be a very useful way of finding date regions within a graph Plotting GeoTide Analyzer can hold and plot 4 separate tidal layers simultaneously The Plot Controller enables you to set which of these 4 records are displayed and also which of the four are active The active layer is the layer in which the Point Cursor red square hops from one point to another Plot Controller Original 24000 Prediction 7200 324 GeoTide Analyzer C _do tide sample_data whitby rec File Edit View Analyse Predict Spectrum Report Help Exit 7 days y Point 23408 31 Dec 05 23 54 00 1 50m Cursor 02 Jan 06 07 34 52 6 07m GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd 32 GeoTide Analyzer 2 2 6 The screenshot shows four layers being displayed simultaneously the blue line showing the residual error from an analysis rather than a tidal curve Check boxes Click the check box i e checking the box causes that particular graph to be displayed Unchecking the box causes the graph to be removed from the display i e it hides that tidal plot Text Clicking the actual text Working
38. aded A Create Report button and report display GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd Reporting 71 7 2 7 3 Facilities for saving printing and copying the report A Close command button for closing the window Loading Data Observed lick to load an observed tidal record rec file Click here to load Clear Observed data Predicted lick to load a predicted tidal record rec or a harmonic location constants tc1 file Clear Predicted data Clicking the labels loads the files as indicated Beneath each label is a thermometer style progress bar showing the loading progress During loading the label of these buttons changes from Clear to Abort thereby providing the user with the opportunity to halt the load operation The user can also unload a loaded file by using this button Observed Data The observed data must be loaded from a tidal record rec file This box is synonymous with the File gt Load option on the main menu Predicted Data Normally the predicted data is derived from a harmonic constants tc1 file Therefore a user should click and load the relevant harmonic constants tc1 file for the location When loading such a file the tide is calculated at each of the points within the observed file if loaded Therefore the time taken to load increases considerably This is indicated in the progress bar Also the progress is indicated numerically in the lower information bar
39. al analysis of tidal source data Creates a report of tidal parameters amp prediction accuracy In line with Microsoft Windows Guidance Notes GeoTide separates the application folder from the user s data and configuration data Upon installation GeoTide uses the sarpparas environment variable to determine the user s roaming data folder This folder is used as the default for file selection in the file open and file save as dialogue boxes Depending upon your system setup this GeoTide folder normally appears in a similar way to that shown below The folder GeoTide is used as the default folder for most saving and loading operations GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd Overview 11 Look in E Shared Docur Fe My Recent Documents Desktop My Documents My Recent 24 My Computer ei q 3 Floppy A E lt Steves Dell C s 5 Documents and Settings Desktop Steve Application Data O GeoTide ou a mu When harmonic constants have been produced tc1 files the user should save the files to the folder GeoTide located at sAPPDATA GeoTide or to its sub folder TidalData i e located at sAPPDATA GeoTide TidalData as shown below Open Tidal Record y sp Port Salhala rec My Recent l whitby rec Documents User Data Tidal Record Files rec Folder SAPPDATA GeoTide Analyzer Report Files rtf Folder sAPPDATA GeoTide Harmonic Constants
40. alysis In Harmonic Analysis the frequency of each component is already known whereas in Fourier Analysis the frequencies are not known In either system neither the amplitude or phase of the components are known Tidal Spectral Analysis uses Fourier Analysis and is useful for searching for unexpected tidal components while tidal Harmonic Analysis is used for searching for known components Tidal Groups Unfortunately some of the harmonic components being sought may have very similar frequencies and therefore a considerable period of time sometimes years is required before these components manifest themselves by going in and out of phase with each other If the tidal source data does not extend over this period of time the analysis process cannot resolve the amplitude and phase of each component Although tidal theory cannot give the absolute amplitude and phase at a given location it can fortunately give the relative amplitude and phase of the nearby components provided the frequencies are sufficiently close together In such cases an approximation can be made by grouping those components with a similar frequency into a single GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd Harmonic Tidal Theory 105 12 3 12 4 component called a tidal group By grouping such similar frequency components the tidal analysis has only to determine a single amplitude and phase rather than the amplitude and phase for each component
41. ample since this effectively shifts the leaked frequencies to a lower portion of the spectrum and away from the frequency of interest GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd Part Logs Schemes amp Constants 94 GeoTide Analyzer 10 Logs Schemes amp Constants A simple text viewer is included for viewing Logs Schemes amp Constants The behaviour of the viewer window is the same whichever type of data you are examining This section describes the use of the text viewer and what it displays File Data View Analyse Predict Sp afi month Original Log 5 Working Log Analysis Scheme Analysis Constants Prediction Scheme Prediction Constants The view menu causes the appropriate text viewer to be displayed As a text window it can be closed by double clicking and you can cut and paste data into the clipboard by right clicking You can also display it or hide it by using the appropriate view menu You cannot edit this data Log A comprehensive log of actions is continuously taken while editing and analysis operations are undertaken This enables an operator to rapidly locate problems and to find out how they were caused The logs are embedded in the respective tidal record files Logs for the original layer and working layer can be viewed Schemes Tidal Schemes consist of a list of tidal harmonics which are to be sought during the analysis process Information is included regardi
42. aphical main window If the file has recently been chosen the data entry areas are not cleared in order to save them all from being re entered The steps which are similar to those for 1D tidal streams are described in more detail in the following section Note On large files this window will show only the first 32kB of the file However all of the data file will be processed even if it is truncated within the display GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x O 2015 Geomatix Ltd 44 GeoTide Analyzer 3 5 2D Stream Steps Import 2D Stream C Documents and Settings Steve Application Data GeoTide Stream est txt 54 35 5 N 000 38 5 E CP 1 00 00 01 01 2007 00 10 00 1 5 266 01 01 2007 00 20 00 1 4 265 C Documents and Settings Steve Application Data GeoTide StreamTest txt 26 Sep 2014 11 55 31 Field Separator First Point Selected Date ft 1701 2007 00 10 00 Regional Settings y o o Hours Speed pi 5 Meters per second rr y m Heading P Pos In Direction ooo Gauge ID ADCP 1 Location Name Humber Bank Binks Time Zone foooo warning Use UKHO Notation for Time Zones East is negative West is positive Import Latitude 54 35 50 N Cancel Longitude 000 00 00 E g Displaying 1131 of 28806 loaded records The steps in importing a 1D Stream are 1 Setting the Delimited Fixed Space Option This indicates the type of file you are importing A del
43. ar which do not really exist This process is also referred to as spectral leakage These artefacts occur at frequencies having integral multiples of the inverse sample duration Thus They always appear at the lower edge of the spectrum This is an intrinsic consequence of any spectral analysis process The magnitude of the artefacts can be decreased by applying a data window to the input data This reduces the size of the artefacts but the price paid is a loss in resolution GeoTide Prism has a choice of built in data windows These can be enabled on the settings screen and the use of more than one data window at a time is fully supported for comparison purposes 2 GeoTide Spectrum Analyzer l01x Scan Settings Frequency Amplitude Constituents oth EI 1000 to 2 3481 Cycles per Day 18 6E 00 Els SE 01 Analysis S Cursor X He Cycles per Day EEE Cursor Y 0 3779 m Closest Group y The screenshot shows the artefacts generated from an 18 year tidal record Without a data window grey the series of generally decreasing artefacts are shown whilst with data windows other colours the effects are considerably reduced The peak shown at GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x O 2015 Geomatix Ltd Spectrum Analyser 91 0 0027 per day is an annual tidal component probably of non astronomical origin which is clearly distinguishable from the artefacts Note An alternative practical measure is to increase the duration of the s
44. ata is normally generated by comparing predictions derived from a GeoTide harmonic constants tc1 file with data in an observed rec data file You can also compare two tidal record files enabling you to generate a report on the level of agreement with externally generated data Functional Overview A Observed C _doltide GeoTide3 0 Sjwhitby2 rec Clear B Predicted _do tide GeoTide3 0 5 whitby2_MixedTide1M 3M20140625142714 tc1 Clear Compare A Observed and B Predicted Harmonic Constants HCs from B DateTime from 4 Z List Harmonic Constants DateTime from B F f 2 i i J Derive Tidal Levels from 419 61 year scan Exact Match Best within 0 s Compare A Observed and B Predicted A C _do tide GeoTide3 0 5 whitby2 rec B C _do tide GeoT ide3 0 S whitby2_MixedT ide 1M 3M20140625142714 tc1 Duration of source points 99 Days Number of source points in total Number of Source points meeting DTG matching criteria Number of Source points not meeting DTG matching criteria DTG Source DateTime from A DTG Match Exact Match Scan start f1 January 2010 To Clipboard Clicking the Report menu on the main screen displays this window It comprises Facilities for Loading Observed data Loading Predicted data Options for Comparing Observed and Predicted Data Options for Setting Parameters to be derived from Harmonic Constants HCs if lo
45. atix Ltd Main Screen 27 2 2 Graph Operation 4 GeoTide Analyzer C _do tide GeoTide3 0 5 Test TidalData KA22013146 2013181 rec Fie Data View Analyse Predict Spectrum Report Tools Help Exit 7 days y Point 14030 11 Jun 13 03 06 00 2 57m Cursor 11 Jun 13 03 0 ail fe The GeoTide Analyzer main screen displays a tidal curve with a readout of the mouse cursor as a cross and a selected hopping point as a default red square As you move the cursor over the graph area the pointer changes to a cross indicating the point readout is active At the same time the point with the nearest time value to that of the mouse cursor hops and is continuously highlighted by the square Note that the cursor position and the selected point values are also displayed as text above the graph Only one of the four layers can be used as a hopping point readout at a time The readout layer is set as hopping by clicking the text of the required layer in the Plot Controller window and is called the active layer Mouse Delete Use the left hand mouse key to drag and create a rectangle containing the points you want to delete Zoom Double click the left or right hand mouse keys to zoom in or out Keyboard The shortcut keys are lt moves the horizontal scroll bar to the left gt moves the horizontal scroll bar to the left Delete deletes the currently highlighted point Home moves the scroll bar to th
46. bution code and recovering the constants Merge Tool The optional Merge Tool enables you to combine GeoTide Record files This may be a requirement for example as more tidal data becomes available from a tidal monitor Exceedance Tables Generates Tidal Exceedance Tables of 3 different types High Tide Maximum Daily and All Points 8 1 Port Editor The Port Editor enables you to change the port details within the record file or tidal constants file Tools Help Exit Port Editor gt Record File Tidal Constants File These details which can be changed are currently e Port Name e Gauge ID GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd Tools 77 e Time Zone e Position Latitude and Longitude These details appear verbatim upon the tide tables and graphs produced by GeoTide Predictor You may want to change these details because they may have been entered incorrectly when you originally imported the data or they may have changed for some other reasons For example a location may have been renamed its time zone may have changed or you may require to enter an additional name in a local script e g Arabic or Chinese The tables in GeoTide Predictor can then contain the local script within the displayed title and can display the updated information w GeoTide Predictor A loj xj File Graph Map Lists Tables TimeZone 0000 Help Chelsea Port Salalah Ds LAT 54 30 00 N LON 1 00 00 E GM
47. c File IB C _do tide GeoTide3 0 5 whitby2_MixedT ide1M 3M201406251427 14 tc1 Duration of source points 99 Days Number of source points in total Number of Source points meeting DTG matching criteria Number of Source points not meeting DTG matching criteria DTG Source DateTime from 4 DTG Match Exact Match Scan start ji January 2010 To Clipboard This window is used to produce a fully formatted report detailing the statistical accuracy of your predictions the value of tidal levels such as HAT MSL and LAT and the tidal harmonic constants The report suitable for inclusion in technical reports etc is generated in Rich Text Format rtf and is compatible with most word processors including Microsoft Word Steps 1 Click to load an observed rec data file as indicated 2 Click to load a prediction file as indicated Normally you would use a tidal constants tc1 file to create the predictions for the comparison statistics in your report However in some circumstances you may wish to load a second rec tidal record 3 Click Create Report to create the report This may take some time You can save the report to a file or print the report on your printer For a more detailed description on the operation of this window please see the section Reporting 1 6 7 Predicting Display the Prediction Window by clicking the Predict menu item Steps 1 Click the tidal constants tc1 file which you
48. can Settings Frequency Amplitude Constituents A x 1 5861 to 2 3481 Cycles per Day 26E 00 9 9E 01 Analysis Scheme MixedTide1M 3M Cursor 2 0492 Cycles perDa _ XDD 28824 gt Cursor Y 0 3787 m Closest Group amp Line Group 29XD0 2915555 It is always possible that a tidal component is present in the data which was not anticipated This may be suspected during tidal analysis or when comparing predicted with observed data However identifying such a component without a spectral display is not easy involving numerous trial and error with different tidal schemes Our Tidal Spectral Analyser can help you to determine the existence of such a component ready for inclusion in a tidal scheme Typically the components could be due to an unexpected large shallow water component or due to an unexpectedly large annual variation which may be influencing tidal range To establish if your source tidal scheme has missing components 1 On the settings window check the checkbox is set for display harmonic constituents 2 Ensure the number of points is adequate and the frequency range is not too great see resolution information 3 Click the scan MN icon Visually compare the existence of peaks with the harmonic constituents In the example above a harmonic constituent is present in the tidal scheme which is not present at all in the power spectrum Using the Spectrum analyser this can immediately be seen since the vertical
49. ccuracy A small interval may leave too many input points and slow subsequent analysis Number of input points 257023 Number of output points 128511 Click Edit gt Sample on the main screen to display this window Sampling reduces the number of points by removing points from the working layer subject to the time interval provided in the text box Specifying too large a time interval may reduce accuracy while specifying too small an interval may leave too many points in the record and unnecessarily slow the tidal analysis GeoTide Analyzer will typically analyse records with between 5 000 to 500 000 points The active elements are GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd Editing Data 49 4 2 Interval This is the minimum time interval between the output data points Sample Click to carry out the sampling process Cancel Click to abandon the sampling carried out and restore the plot to the state before this window was displayed OK Click to accept the sampling already done and to enter it into the main window Comment You can optionally enter any comment such as your reasons for carrying out this sampling action into the comment text box Note GeoTide Analyzer keeps a log of all sampling actions Average Average points within 30 minutes Averaged to reduce data set size and noise Hydrographic Office JP 2006 Comment ha Averaging reduces the total number of points by takin
50. d As a general rule if the tidal duration of source data extends over n days the resolution will be 1 n days This is the half width of the displayed line the full width is twice this figure Individual tidal frequency components having a frequency closer than this will not be resolved Furthermore it is entirely possible that such closely spaced harmonics are out of phase during the sampling period and effectively therefore cancel out resulting in GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd 88 GeoTide Analyzer 9 7 the non appearance of either of the components on the spectral display The remedy is to always ensure that the duration covered by the source data is sufficient this increases the resolution and will mean that such components are shown as separate peaks whether or not they are in or out of phase Meteorological Tides Tides of non astronomical origin e g drying of land annual rainfall melting of ice seasonal winds changes in air pressure can have a greater effect than their equivalent astronomical components Furthermore while astronomical effects are entirely predictable meteorological components are not When meteorological induced components interact with astronomical constituents the resulting modulation has a considerable effect upon the line shape broadening its base considerably In situations where many adjacent harmonic lines are affected by meteorological conditions the peaks c
51. d highlight the first row where a speed is present Note that this speed must all be in the same direction 3 Units and Corrections In Direction Enter here the known direction of the stream in degrees This direction is either known because of its geographical shape or location e g a narrow strait or river or because it has already been resolved e g by a 2 component vector tide stream GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x O 2015 Geomatix Ltd 42 GeoTide Analyzer gauge Units The units available are Meters per second knots miles per hour and kilometres per hour This conversion to meters per second is carried out upon import For tidal streams GeoTide Analyzer works exclusively in meters per second 4 Meta Data The Gauge ID Location Name Time Zone Latitude and Longitude may also be set by clicking the relevant button and then highlighting the information in a similar way to setting the height and date fields above We recommend that this data is always entered for audit purposes i Location Name You can enter the name by typing or by clicking this button and then highlighting the name in the data source window if present Note that you can enter here optional non western characters using their html equivalents If the western ASCII characters are to appear first they must be separated from the non Western characters by amp nbsp for example as Port Salalah amp nbsp amp 1605 amp 1610 amp 1606 a
52. d to confirm the deletion 32 GeoTide Analyzer C _geomatix ContractsQuotesEstimates Thai_Navy samui ree 0 xj File Data View Analyse Predict Spectrum Report Tools Help Exit 7 days vli80 25 Apr 10 05 48 00 2 19m Cursor 25 Apr 10 05 45 56 1 08m GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd Main Screen 29 2 2 2 GeoTide Analyzer x Delete all points within the box defined by 23 Apr 10 17 47 37 2 269867 to 24 Apr 10 03 16 51 1 839219 Click yes to delete the points The operation can generally be undone using the Data Undo menu Zooming There are two ways of changing the horizontal time scale in GeoTide Analyzer using the Scale Box or by using the Mouse 1 Using the Scale Box wf GeoTide Analyzer C do tide cample_data whitby rec 7 b yi Sets the horizontal Fie Edit view da rts eport Help Exit 9 38p 05 01 06 00 3 40m Cursor 27 Sep 05 01 08 34 5 57m e The horizontal scale can be changed using the mouse buttons or by using the pull down menu e The pull down list box on the main screen above sets the horizontal extent of the graph i e the duration from the left hand edge to the right hand edge of the window e The options range from 1 hour to 16 years e There is also a fit to width option which always shows the first point at the extreme left and the final point at the extreme right 2 Using the Mouse Zooming In Double click the left mouse button to Zoom In Zooming Out
53. d when using this filter facility not to remove valid data The active buttons are List This button initiates the filtering process When in progress its caption changes to Stop to allow you to abandon a filtering action which is too time consuming or inappropriate Resetting the listing options clears the list and the points will not have been deleted You must explicitly click the Delete button below to delete the points listed Delete Deletes all of the listed points identified in the deletion list Cancel Click to abandon the filtering carried out and restore the plot to the state before this window was displayed Any comments entered will not be stored OK Click to accept the filtering already done and to enter it into the main window Any comments will also be stored Comment You can optionally enter any comment which will be stored regarding this filtering action Note GeoTide Analyzer keeps a log of all filtering actions The settings are internally saved along with any comment GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x O 2015 Geomatix Ltd 52 GeoTide Analyzer 4 4 4 5 Manual 2 i m i GeoTide Analyzer x 1 month y Point 146583 10 Jun 00 04 0 Delete all points from 10 Jan 00 13 14 34 to 12 Jan 00 06 18 57 sf I The Point Cursor As you move the normal cursor across the window a small red square known as the point cursor hops from one point to the next This arrangement enables you to easily
54. de tables You an also select a scheme which produces harmonic constants which are compatible with the UKHO Simplified Method UKHO Total Tide Program and the NOAA Tidal Constituents set GeoTide Analyzer also incorporates a log of each processing action Facilities Data Import Supports comma delimited amp fixed space ASCII formats Graphical Data Editor Supports scroll zoom edit delete filter average and resample Tidal Harmonic Analysis Converts tidal data into Doodson style harmonic constants User Selectable Tidal Schemes Enables the user to choose from a number of sets of harmonic constituents for compatibility with UKHO Simplified TotalTide and NOAA methods Tide tables GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd Overview 9 1 2 Support for creating Tide Table via GeoTide Predictor Spectral Analysis Frequency scanner for identifying tidal harmonic components Reporting Facility Provides a computer generated report of the tidal levels and analysis statistics Tidal Exceedance Tables Generates 3 types of Tidal Exceedance Tables Log Comprehensive logging of actions for quality audit Running You can run GeoTide either by clicking the icon on the desktop or by clicking the program shortcut in the Start gt Programs menu items or from a file manager such as Microsoft Windows Explorer Before starting the program please ensure that your hardware security key dongle is inserted
55. ds depending on your computer s specification and the size of the tidal record while the graph s are being redrawn During this short time you should wait and let the computer carry draw the graph s rather than initiating any further processes The graphs which are to be redrawn is set in the Plot Controller window Obviously the more graphs to be redrawn the greater the delay Of course resizing the window will change its physical scale but it will not change its scale relative to the window height GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd Main Screen 31 2 2 4 2 2 5 Scrolling 324 GeoTide Analyzer C _do tide sample_data whitby rec File Edit View Analyse Predict Spectrum Report Help Exit 1 month Point 5087 14 Oct 05 04 36 00 2 70m Cursor 14 Oct 05 04 34 17 1 30m Horizontal Scroll Slider The main screen can be scrolled at any time both horizontally and vertically Vertical Scrolling When a file is loaded the vertical window scale is automatically set so that the highest point appears at the upper edge and the smallest at the lower edge However you can scroll the vertical scroll bar to offset the plot Horizontal Scrolling When a file is loaded the horizontal scale is automatically set You can scroll the graph by using the horizontal scroll slider bar Obviously this is not possible when the horizontal scale setting is Fit to Width Clicking the white horizontal scroll area e
56. during this session GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd Logs Schemes amp Constants 97 10 5 10 6 Lines beginning with a are variables which are required by the internal system Lines beginning with a are the settings on the analysis screen when the analysis was carried out Lines beginning with GROUP show the name phase in degrees and amplitude and of each group Prediction Scheme This menu option causes the Prediction Scheme to be displayed in the text viewer similar to the Analysis Scheme The Prediction Scheme is the scheme which is used to create a Prediction layer if loaded Prediction Constants This menu option causes the Prediction Constants to be displayed in the text viewer similar to the Analysis Constants The Prediction Constants are the harmonic constants which are used to create a Prediction layer if loaded GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd Part Creating a 2D Stream 100 GeoTide Analyzer 11 Creating a 2D Stream A two dimensional tidal stream prediction can be created using GeoTide Analyzer by using two sets of orthogonal components i e components at right angles We assume here the source data consists of speed heading and date time The steps are 1 Import the source data using the 2D Stream import option described in the Importing Data section Set the direction at 000 to resolve the component to a Northerly direc
57. e left showing the start of the graph End moves the scroll bar to the right showing the end of the graph F5 redraws the graph Window The main screen can be scaled resized or scrolled at any time with the graphs and scaling being automatically adjusted The vertical axis height scale and origin of the graph is automatically set for the data However the horizontal axis timescale of the window can be set either manually or automatically using the pull down list box provided or by using a mouse double click to zoom GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd 28 GeoTide Analyzer 2 2 1 Deleting Points There are two ways of deleting points within GeoTide Deleting a single point using the Keyboard 1 Move the mouse cursor over the graph The nearest point to the mouse cursor is highlighted by a small square which hops along the graph 2 Use the keyboard Delete key to delete this single highlighted point 524 GeoTide Analyzer C _do tide GeoTide3 0 5 TestTidalData KAZ2013146 2013181 rec File Data View Analyse Predict Spectrum Report Tools Help Exit 7 days y Point 14030 11 Jun 13 03 06 00 2 57m Cursor 11 Jun 13 03 0 si A Deleting one or more points using the Mouse 1 Click and hold down the left hand mouse key and drag the mouse to create a rectangle superimposed upon the graph 2 Release the mouse key to delete all the points within the rectangle created You will be prompte
58. e of the components within a group are fixed If some components of that group have an amplitude and phase primarily dictated by meteorological conditions while others are dictated the tidal gravitational potential the assumption that the relative amplitudes and phases hold across a group is no longer valid Therefore where large annual meteorological effects are present the use of groups is discouraged GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd Harmonic Tidal Theory 107 12 6 Statistical Accuracy There are any number of statistical measure of accuracy between an observed data set and a predicted data set which can be used The definitions of the those used within GeoTide standard deviation RMS Error Quadratic Mean and Mean Error are listed below RMSError This is also known as the standard deviation or quadratic mean It is defined as sei in where the summation 5 is over i 1 to n points O is the RMS Error yi is the observed value of the i th source point Y is the predicted value of the i th point n is the number of points Mean Error Also known as the average error and is defined by o 17n rw where the summation 5 is over i 1 to n points O is the Mean Error Y is the observed value of the i th source point Y is the predicted value of the i th point n is the number of points GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd Index 109 Index A alias 90 aliasing
59. ecommend that you adopt a standard folder structure for your work If you have many tidal locations you may want to create a folder for each location each containing the appropriate tidal record and harmonic constants files Or you may decide to have a folder for the data and a folder for the constants You can also export the harmonic constants file by clicking Export Analysis Constants You can view the constants in the window on the Analysis page Finally you can place the constants in a report by using the Report facility GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x O 2015 Geomatix Ltd Predicting 66 GeoTide Analyzer 6 Predicting Clicking the Prediction menu on the main screen displays the Graph Prediction window Graph Prediction y Tidal Constants C _do tide GeoTide3 0 5 whitby_MixedTidelM 3M201 40625152522 tc1 Location Whitby Harbour Scheme MixedTideiM aM sch 06 Dec 2011 11 32 33 Predictions Times Point Discrepancy Show Points in Working Plot fio Points in Analysis Plot Regular Intervals mins Predict 2 Ok E This facility creates tidal predictions from harmonic location constants which you have previously saved It can be used to compare predicted values with observed values and to predict and plot a tidal curve for comparison with an observed plot In either case you must first select the desired location constants by clicking the text box labelled File Then select the
60. ectrum Report Tools Help Exit Tools Help Exit Port Editor gt Select the Encrypter option to display the Encryption Tool shown below x About File Name Browse Password Algorithm MDS 128 Bit Dut File Start Progress This is used as the final step before distributing tidal constants Encrypting the information using a password means that users of the GeoTide Predictor program will not be able to hack the harmonic constants The same password as is used here must be entered into the GeoTide Predictor Settings Panel and once entered it is stored within the GeoTide Predictor user configuration If a number of tidal constants files are to be distributed for use in the GeoTide Predictor the same password must be used for each tidal constants file distributed GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd 80 GeoTide Analyzer 8 3 Please contact us for details Merge Tool Clicking Tools Merge Tool runs the ImportMerge Tool facility shown below OD bes52 D borland 5 jbuilder D imap inlp applet ipi_cache E nbi netbeans netbeans derby a 5 netbeans registration 6 D primetime ggis 5 qualitycentral 5 thumbnails y xylajs_liqg _ gt Application Data E Calibre Library Cookies 5 Desktop 5 desktop_flat desktop_thin Ve Favor
61. ed to account for the shallow water effects These are known as the Shallow Water Constituents They are calculated for each individual overtone Shallow Water Correction This method avoids the calculation of the individual overtones by assuming that the corrections will arise mainly from the usually larger semi diurnal tide It calculates those amplitudes and phases for the second overtone at 4 times per day and third overtones at 6 times per day These F4 and F6 components are used by the UKHO in the Admiralty Simplified Scheme Analyzer supports both the harmonic overtone scheme and the shallow water correction method Clicking the checkbox labelled SWC enables the Admiralty Simplified Scheme Shallow Water Correction Scheme used by the UKHO while leaving the box unchecked uses the Harmonic Overtone method provided the overtones are listed within the scheme file More on Schemes There are over 10 000 known tidal components and it is impractical to include them all within a tidal scheme even if they are grouped A tidal scheme with too many components will actually be less accurate due to the increasing number of unknowns and will be slow However tidal schemes which do not have a sufficient number of components will not be universally applicable As usual a compromise is required it being advantageous to use a number of different schemes according to the duration of GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd 106
62. edundant Scheme Constituents unuunesnsnnnnnennnnnnnnnn Sampling Issues unsanunsasnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnannnnnnnnnnnnnnnnannnnnnannn Resolution Issues uruuunnnnnnnnnannennnnunnnnnnnnannnnnnnnnnenn Meteorological Tides unsnnnnnennnnannnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn nn Display Settings Parameters nnunennnnnannnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn Display Settings Data Windows unsnuunnannsnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn More on Data Windows nsuusueannnnanannnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnannnnn Logs Schemes amp Constants Original L09 4 een Working LOG un es Analysis Scheme nuuuuuasnnnnnannnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnannnnnnannn Analysis Constants uussunneannnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnannnnnnannn Prediction SCHEME u2uuss000n0nn0nnnnannnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnannnnnn Prediction Constant unsunsesnnsnnnnnnnannnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn Creating a 2D Stream Merging 1D Streams uursnsnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnennnnn nn Harmonic Tidal Theory Tidal SCHEMES iii nunne nnmnnn AA sotestecctesteas Shallow Water Coefficients cccsseeceeseeeeeeeeees More on Schemes ccccsseceeeesseeceenseseeeeenseeceeeeeseeeeees Meteorological Effects nunnnnnnennnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnennnnnnnnnn Statistical ACCUIACY coiii uaaa aee aotea aiaiai Index GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd Overview GeoTide Analyzer 1 1 Overview
63. eration A GeoTide Spectrum Analyzer E lolx Scan Settings Frequency Amplitude Constituents ml 0 0008 04 0000 Cycles per Day E3 2 18 01 01 Analysis Scheme Cursor X f 7703 Cycles per Day XDD 21 lt 84 gt Cursor Y 0 0472 m Closest Group amp Line Functional Overview 4 GeoTide Analyzer C _do tide GeoTide3 0 5 Test TidalData SRD data 11 rec Fie Data view Analyse Predict Spectrum Report Tools Help Exit GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd Spectrum Analyser 85 9 2 Clicking the Spectrum menu on the main screen top menu activates the GeoTide Spectrum Analyzer initially with a blank display screen as shown below 22 GeoTide Spectrum Analyzer i lalx Scan Settings Frequency Amplitude Constituents U Fl 0 0010 to 4 0000 Cycles per Day 0 1 0 1 Analysis Scheme Cursor X 2 3259 Cycles per Day XDD 2 gt 226 Cursor y 9 7698 m Closest Group amp Line Po The screen consists of a resizeable window a top menu and a set of tool icons which from left to right start a scan provide access to settings set lower and upper scan frequencies set the vertical scale of the graph and set the vertical scale of the harmonic constituents if present Tool Icons 10 x Scan Settings Frequency Amplitude Constituents ME Elomo to 4 0000 Cycles per Day ES 2 6E 00 3 9E 01 Analysis Scheme MixedTide1M 3M Cursor X 12 0033 Cycles per Day XDD 274
64. ermed the astronomical tide In some locations in addition to the usual astronomical tide there may also be a sizeable meteorological tide A meteorological tide arises from meteorological effects such as the seasonal drying of land seasonal rainfall summer melting of winter ice seasonal winds changes in air pressure or even annual changes in salinity In some locations the meteorological components can have a significant or even greater affect than the purely astronomical components Furthermore since the meteorological tide is derived from the weather it has inherent statistical fluctuations while the astronomical tide being derived from the motion of the sun earth and moon is always precisely predictable In some extreme cases the seasonal changes may affect not just the mean level but also the daily tidal range During tidal analysis the meteorological tide can be mistakenly attributed to the astronomical tidal components For example annual changes in level can be attributed to the annual astronomical component of frequency once per year while annual changes in range can be attributed to two or more closely spaced astronomical harmonic components within the daily and semi diurnal astronomical tidal groups The use of astronomical components to account for such meteorological effects can never lead to precise predictions Furthermore if tidal groups are being used the tidal analysis assumes that the relative amplitude and phas
65. esulting in the calculation of Shallow Water Coefficients Only the UKHO Simplified Scheme currently supports this method Iteration Options Analysis Settings Simplified Harmonic sch X Operation Creating new constants file Number of harmonic components 55 in 4 groups Iteration Until RMS Rrror lt Error Target C Iterate for z passes error Iterate for fio minutes Po Display Residual Error M Shallow Water Coefficients Error Target mm 100 The iteration options are Until RMS Error is less than the Error target Use this option to stop the iteration when the error target has been attained During iteration the progress bar will display proportionately to the error attained You can change the required error target as described below lterate for n passes Select this option to lterate for a given number of passes You should enter the number of passes required in the text box provided During iteration the progress bar will display proportionately to the number of passes being carried out lterate for n minutes Use this option to iterate for a given length of time You should enter the time in minutes in the text box provided the progress bar During iteration the progress bar will display proportionately to the elapsed time Error Target You can change the error target by changing this number on the Analysis Screen Notice that changing the value of the error target will automatically scale the error bar
66. g the mean of nearby source foe points Using too large an averaging time whilst reducing the number of output points will reduce the tidal range and prediction accuracy OK Number of inout points 473040 Number of output points 105119 Click the menu Edit gt Average on the main screen to display this window Averaging reduces the total number of points taking the mean of nearby source points which are within a time averaging window The width of the time averaging window is user specifiable Averaging should be used in preference to sampling where there is a random noise on the signal Using too large an averaging time however whilst reducing the number of output points will also reduce the tidal range and prediction accuracy GeoTide Analyzer will typically analyse records with between 5 000 to 100 000 points depending upon accuracy and tidal scheme selected The active elements are Interval This is the minimum time interval between the output data points Points within the window are averaged both in terms of height and time to create a new data point Average Click to carry out the averaging process Cancel Click to abandon the averaging carried out and restore the plot to the state before this GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x O 2015 Geomatix Ltd 50 GeoTide Analyzer 4 3 window was displayed OK Click to accept the averaging already done and to enter it into the main window Comment
67. he Tools Menu provides access to additional facilities which may be present or added to GeoTide Report Ss Help Exit its Port Header Editor gt Encrypter Merge Tool Exceedance Tables Port Header Editor Use this option to change the port details within the record file or tidal constants file Encrypter Use this option to encrypt the tidal constants you have created so that its tidal constants cannot be read by an end user This should be used if you are planning to distribute files along with GeoTide Predictor and if you plan to claim copyright ownership of the harmonic constants which you have created Merge Tool This facility enables you to combine GeoTide Record files Exceedance Tables Generates Tidal Exceedance Tables of 3 different types High Tide Maximum Daily and All Points Copyright Tidal Constants Geomatix Ltd do not claim ownership of the tidal constants which you create using the tidal analyser within GeoTide Copyright GeoTide Predictor However we do expect customers to obtain the rights to copy and distribute the GeoTide Predictor program Please contact us for further details of licensing arrangements for distributing the GeoTide Predictor program to end users Help 22 GeoTide Analyzer C _do tide GeoTide3 0 5 Test TidalData SRD data 11 rec File Data View Analyse Predict Spectrum Report Tools Help Exit The Help menu provides access to the help system and to the Geomatix website
68. idal Record E 4_do tide sample_data whitby rec P E 4336 After loading the tidal record is displayed on the main screen as a graph in both the Original and Working layers See the Main Screen Section for details on how to use the graphs and how to change their scaling and size Note Once the tidal data has been imported you should always use the File gt Load menu to load the tidal data rather than repeating the import process This is because GeoTide tidal record files contain an internal audit of all data processing which has been carried out upon or using the file The files are also directly referenced by the analysis software to maintain a quality audit Re importing the data and overwriting these files will overwrite this audit trail Editing GeoTide Analyzer does not require a continuous or regular data set in order to produce an accurate analysis and missing data or large gaps of even up to a year are nota problem However incorrect data such as rogue heights sometimes known as outliers appearing as glitches or spikes or points returning a fixed value appearing as a horizontal line will dramatically affect the accuracy and speed at which the Analyzer can establish the harmonic constants Alternatively too many points will slow the analysis process unnecessarily In this case it is better to sample the record to reduce the data set size Manual Edit You can remove spikes and glitches manually To do this use the mo
69. imited file is where there is always the same character as a separator often a comma or a tab A fixed space file is one where the data forms perfect columns which do not move to the left or right as you scroll down the file 2 Setting the Date and Speed Fields Select the field by highlighting i e move the mouse while holding the left button down Note that the whole field must be highlighted If it is the last field on the row highlight as far as possible to the right a The Date Field Click the Date button and highlight the first row where a date is present b The Speed Field Click the Speed button and highlight the first row where a speed is present Note that this speed must all be in the same direction c The Heading Field Click the Speed button and highlight the first row where a heading is present 3 Units and Corrections In Direction GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd Importing Data 45 Enter here the direction in which to resolve the stream in degrees The speed and direction recorded in the file will be resolved to form a new component in this direction When carrying out a 2D stream analysis the import process is repeated for each of the two components It is important to specify the two directions as orthogonal e 90 degrees apart See Creating a 2D Stream Units The units available are Meters per second knots miles per hour and kilometres per hour This conversion to meters per
70. into a suitable USB port and has been correctly installed Ry GeoTide Analyzer GeoTide Analyzer first displays the screen below during which time it allocates memory and loads program modules GeoTide Analyzer Click OK to display the screen below This is the main operating window of GeoTide Analyzer 4 GeoTide Analyzer C _do tide GeoTide3 0 5 TestTidalData SRD data 11 rec oj xj File Data View Analyse Predict Spectrum Report Tools Help Exit 1 month y Point 4617 19 Jun 11 20 06 44 4 87m Cursor 19 Jun 11 20 07 01 5 27m GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x O 2015 Geomatix Ltd 10 GeoTide Analyzer 1 3 1 4 Panels The main windows are listed below Window Name GeoTide Analyzer Main Screen Plot Controller Sampling Average Filter Analysis Graph Prediction Import Height Import 1D Stream Import 2D Stream Create 2D Stream Graphic Settings GeoTide Prism Report Default Folders Purpose Graphical display of a tidal record Sets which plots are displayed Controls points sampling Controls points averaging Automates the removal of rogue outlying data points Controls the analysis process Controls graph prediction amp comparison Field selection amp importing height Field selection amp importing stream speed only Field selection amp import of stream speed bearing Combining 1D location constants Sets the appearance of the graph points Spectr
71. ited at any time therefore manual is not an Edit menu item See Graphic Operation for other details Undo Click the main menu item Edit gt Undo to carry out this operation On most operations Undo restores the tidal record as it was immediately prior to the operation being carried out For example if filtering sampling or averaging has been carried out and OK was clicked on the respective window the original record can be restored by clicking Undo The original and working log are always modified accordingly GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd Editing Data 53 4 6 Revert Click the main menu item Edit gt Revert to Original to carry out this operation Revert to Original reloads the last tidal record which was loaded The original and working log are modified accordingly and all edit operations which have been carried since the tidal record file was loaded will be lost GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd Part Harmonic Analysis 56 GeoTide Analyzer 5 1 Harmonic Analysis Harmonic Analysis is the process of converting the tidal data into harmonic constants Before carrying out a tidal harmonic analysis you should ensure that the tidal record is of sufficient quality i e all erroneous rogue data points have been removed and that it is of sufficient duration The number of harmonic constants to be found is determined by the tidal scheme A more complex scheme wil
72. ites O SIG E help y lECompatCache y IETIdCache OD IGC Install nywhere y Local Settings E My Documents My Recent Documents 2 NetHand FG A E A Fe Be Fe 4 44 EMO Steve aly LOG_aLevel SRD 1 is Import Merge Tool u Ele LOCATION GAUGEID TIMEZONE POSITION Import Filename MODE Date Time From Date Time To Warn of Data Issues Warn of ID Issues Merge List Iv Convert amp Save Iv Item Selected C Documents and Settings Steve Desktop This includes facilities for importing from Tide gauges manufactured by Log_alevel and Sonar Research and Development SRD and also for merging GeoTide rec Files 1 Simply select the tab for whether you want to use Log_aLevel or SRD or whether you wish to merge Record files 2 Select the files you wish to convert or merge When merging you can select the order of the merge by selecting the file in the MergeList window and using the up and down arrows Click Convert and Save or Merge You will be prompted for a filename GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd Tools 81 8 4 Exceedance Tables MM Create Tidal Exceedance Table ax A AS High Tides Exceedance Table Origina y Yim NG MY High Water Search Width hrs i Minimum Number of Points 5 Height Threshold m EN Rejec
73. l require a longer data duration while a simple scheme will operate more reliably on data of a shorter duration Ideally tidal records should contain between 1000 and 1 million data points covering anything from 14 days to 18 years The points do not have to be a regular continuous record and gaps within the record are quite acceptable The general process is Analysis Prediction Tidal Record rec gt Tidal Constants tc1 gt Tidal Predictions After loading a tidal record which of sufficient quality and duration Tidal Harmonic Analysis is carried out to obtain the Tidal Constants File This can then be used either within GeoTide Analyzer of within GeoTide Predictor to make high accuracy tidal predictions In GeoTide Analyzer the tidal analysis is always carried out on the working layer with its results appearing on the Analysis layer The tidal harmonic analysis can be carried out in two ways by Matrix Inversion or by Iteration Selecting a tidal scheme MixedTide1M 3M sch y Number of harmonic components 61 in 19 groups Continue Previous Solve By 308 1 71533 08 251 708 0 31851 12 237 804 0 14713 13 032 365 0 72252 14 01 219 915 1 58738 15 271 844 1 36640 Matrix Inversion Display Residual Error 7 C Iteration IV Dynamic Sub Sampling 16 119 604 1 12459 17 307 890 0 67925 E fo ti 18 165 463 0 15378 Passez io ee 22 172 342 0 20018 ean TE 23 319 981 0 57789 o 24 100
74. level 80 logs 94 longitude 76 lowest 17 lunitidal 72 Lunitidal Interval 24 M2 72 main 20 manual 22 52 manually 52 matrix 57 matrix inversion 57 md5 79 mean 17 107 melting 88 menu 20 menus 20 merge 80 meter 43 MHWN 17 24 72 MHWS 17 24 72 missing 86 87 ML 17 24 72 MLWN 17 24 72 MLWS 17 24 72 mouse 52 N nonlinear 105 number 31 O observed 66 71 95 operating 27 options 8 origin 20 original 20 95 orthogonal 100 overtones 105 Overview 8 P Parameters 24 pass 60 passes 60 perpendicular 100 plot 20 31 84 89 plotting 20 89 Point 20 32 points 15 28 31 port details 76 position 76 power 24 84 power spectrum 18 85 predict 20 predicted 56 66 71 predicting 10 17 20 24 prediction 13 20 66 97 previous 53 59 printing 73 processor 70 Purpose 8 Q quitting 26 GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd 112 GeoTide Analyzer Pa raw 36 read 21 Readership 8 reading 21 readout 20 record 20 56 records 31 reducing 48 regular 56 67 68 70 71 remove 15 48 removing 28 50 report 13 17 20 24 63 70 73 reporting 13 70 resizing 30 resolution 87 89 revert 53 rms 66 67 70 71 107 rogue 22 48 50 56 RTF 24 70 running 9 ae sample 22 sampling 10 20 48 87 save 21 63 73 saving 13 15 21 73 scale 20 29 84 scan 24 84 scheme 13 23 56 59 86 87 96 97 schemes 94 104
75. line on the right does not correspond with a peak in the tidal curve Hint Move the cursor to the component peak to identify its frequency and Doodson number Conversely GeoTide Tidal Analyser can be used to reassure you that all necessary components are indeed present GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd Spectrum Analyser 87 9 4 9 5 9 6 Redundant Scheme Constituents It is possible that a component may be present in a tidal scheme which is not present in the source tidal data Removal of an unused component increases analysis speed and may also increase analysis accuracy due to the reduction in the number of unknowns The lack of a constituent in the display can be due to a number of reasons other than its non existence It is important to eliminate the possibilities below before concluding that a component doe not exist in source data 1 The source data record is of insufficient duration to resolve this constituent and may have been masked by resolution effects Remedies a Review the issues raised in the section on resolution b Use as long a duration as possible 2 The number of points in the display setting within the Spectrum Analyser is insufficient Remedies a Change the lower and upper limits of the display to zoom in on the component in question b Increase the number of points in the display setting window The above limitations do not apply generally to the tidal analysis proces
76. m C Documents and Settings Steve Application Data Geolide Stream est txt 054 35 5N 000738 57 E Stream ADCP 1 Time Zone 00 00 Start From 1 Jan 2007 Time 00 00 Duration 1 days Tidal Stream Units knots LIST Regular Intervals 10mins Humber Bank Binks 0170172007 00 10 00 1 5 266 0170172007 00 20 00 1 4 265 se gt Starting Line fio C Documents and Settings Stevel Application DatalGeoTide StreamTest txt 26 Sep 2014 11 55 31 Fixed Space E ad Field Separator First Point Selected Date ft p1 01 2007 00 10 00 Regional Settings y o o Hours Speed 2 Ls Meters per second rr y m Heading p Pos In Direction ooo GugeID Location Name Humber Bank Binks Time Zone 0000 amina Use UKHO Notation for Time Zones East is negative West is positive Latitude 54 35 50 N Cancel Longitude 000 00 00 E OK Import d Displaying 1131 of 28806 loaded records Clicking the File gt Import gt Import2D Stream menu and loading an ASCII source data file displays the Import 2D Stream window The content of the ASCII file is shown in the upper portion of the window with scroll bars to view the file The file should contain date time speed and heading fields on each record Its purpose is to 1 Allocate the date speed and heading fields 2 Enter Meta Data such as location and position 3 Take the vector component of the speed and heading records 4 Load the data into the gr
77. me DTG and a value of tidal height or depth as a decimal number in meters cms mm decimal feet feet and inches and fathoms 1D Stream Each line should contain a date time DTG and a value of tidal speed on each line as a decimal number in meters per second knots miles per hour kilometers per hour For a 1D stream the heading must by implication be the same for all of the points either because it is a in a known direction such as in a narrow strait or river or b a vector component of the tidal flow which has already been applied 2D Stream Each line should contain a date time DTG and a value of tidal speed on each line as a decimal number in meters per second knots miles per hour kilometers per hour and a direction in degrees on each record Such a file may have been logged and created using a Doppler Current Profiler ADCP When importing new data into GeoTide Analyzer you are prompted with a warning that the currently loaded records will be overwritten Clicking OK to the warning will bring up the usual File Open Dialogue Box where you should select the file to import and then click Open The progress bar below will be displayed In the case of 2DStreams you may be given the option of loading the same file again for taking vector tidal components This is more fully described in the section entitled GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd Importing Data 37 3 1 Creating a 2D Stream
78. mp 1600 8 amp 1575 amp 1569 amp 1589 amp 1600 amp 1604 amp 1575 amp 1604 amp 1600 amp 1600 amp 1607 Or if the Arabic is required first amp 1605 amp 1610 amp 1606 amp 1600 amp 1575 amp 1569 amp 1589 amp 1600 amp 1604 amp 1575 amp 1604 amp 1600 8 amp 1600 amp 1607 amp nbsp Port Salalah ii Gauge ID You can enter the Gauge ID by typing or by clicking this button and then highlighting the GaugelD in the data source window if present iii Time Zone You can enter the time zone manually or by clicking this button and then highlighting the time zone in the data if present iv Latitude You can enter the Latitude by typing it or by highlighting the latitude in the data source window if present Acceptable formats are decimal degrees or dd mm mm N S or dd mm ss ss N S v Longitude You can enter the Longitude by typing it or by highlighting the longitude in the data source window if present Acceptable formats are decimal degrees or dd mm mm E W or dd mm ss ss E W Import Button You will see a count of the number of points imported The imported points appear as the Source layer on the main window OK Button Click OK to copy this information to the Working layer or click GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd Importing Data 43 3 4 You can click Cancel at any time to abandon the import process 2D Stream Import 2D Strea
79. nalysis converts a time series into a spectrum showing the power of each frequency plotted on a graph with power on the vertical axis and frequency horizontally Acting in a manner analogous to a glass prism which splits light into its component colours spectral analysis in tidal work can reveal the presence of missing or unexpected harmonic components Unlike tidal harmonic analysis which searches for and fits the amplitude and phase of only known tidal constituents spectral analysis can reveal the power of any frequency present even those not predicted by linear tidal theory And of course there is the point harmonic analysis is based upon linear theory and struggles to predict frequencies which have been generated by non linear effects in the ocean even if they originate initially from an astronomical origin GeoTide Prism can be used in a number of different ways helping to identify missing or superfluous tidal components and helping to discriminate between weather induced tidal variations and true astronomical variations Its main operating features are e Graphic display of spectrum of the source data and the harmonic constituents in the analysis scheme currently loaded e Icons At the upper edge are a number of icons which enable you to change the display scales and settings e Cursor At the lower edge is a display of frequency XDO nearest line and nearest group The window is re sizeable and may be re sized during its op
80. ng groups of tidal harmonics and the type of shallow water corrections which are to be used A different scheme may be loaded for analysis or prediction so you can view these separately You can view here the scheme associated with the analysis layer and the prediction layer Constants Harmonic Constants are the products of the analysis process and contain the amplitudes and phases for each tidal component or group of components A different set of constants may be loaded for analysis or prediction so you can view these separately GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd Logs Schemes amp Constants 95 10 1 Original Log LOCATION Whitbyl GAUGE_ID Whitbyl Gauge TIMEZONE 0 POSITION 54 29 N 0 37 W IMP_FILE C do tideanalysis whitby txt 08 Oct 2005 11 58 40 MODE HEIGHT User 23 06 2006 22 53 30 Import Depth Date 23 06 2006 22 53 30 Parse Delimited Data True Fixed Space False Fields Date Field Number 1 Separator First Point 23 09 2005 Fields Height Field Number 2 Separator First Point 1 6m Units Meters m Reverse Sigqn Unchecked Start at Line 11 The Original Log is text window below showing a complete history of those operations which have been carried out on the source tidal data rec file which was loaded It includes details of points which were removed sampling and averaging actions but not tidal analyses The lines starting
81. not shown above in terms of number of records calculated Exceptionally it may be required to compare two tidal record files for example when one has been generated externally Such an external prediction file should first be imported and saved in the usual manner Then it should be loaded as Predicted data by clicking the appropriate rec file In this circumstance the comparison options are enabled but the harmonic options are not Comparison Options Compare Observed and B Predicted DateTime from C DateTime from B e Exact Match C Best within 30 The above comparison options are enabled when both Predicted and Observed data are loaded Date Time From Observed Date Time From Predicted Determines the source of the DateTime DTG to be used for comparison If DateTime From Observed is chosen the system attempts a comparison at each DTG in the Observed record Similarly if DateTime From Predicted has been selected the system attempts a comparison at each DTG in the Predicted record Normally the Predicted record will have been created from a loaded harmonic constant file at the times in the Observed record and so the two sets of data will have identical Date Times However in cases where the Predicted file has been loaded as a tidal record file this setting becomes GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x O 2015 Geomatix Ltd 72 GeoTide Analyzer 7 4 important Exact Match Best Within De
82. oTide3 0 5 TestTidalData Log_aLevel data 11 rec oj x View 4 Pred Spectrum Report Tools Help Exit had Point 2325 14 May 11 06 55 05 4 13m Cursor 14 May 11 06 53 04 3 25m 4 Analysis Scheme MixedTide1M 3M Prediction Constants C 4_do tide GeoT ide3 0 5 whitby_MixedTide1M 3M20 The information box a the lower centre of the tidal analysis window shows the R M S error aS 33 7mm This is calculated for all of the points in the Working Layer You can also view the harmonic constants produced by accessing the menu option View gt Analysis Constants To conclude the Analysis session leaving the harmonic constants in memory you should click the OK button Click Cancel to exit the session without leaving the harmonic GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd Harmonic Analysis 63 5 3 constants in memory The next section describes how to save the harmonic constants you have created Saving Harmonic Constants Load Record Save Record Load Location Constants Save Location Constants Save Import ASCII Export ASCII gt Create 2D Stream Settings Exit After completing an analysis you should always save the harmonic constants by clicking File Save Location Constants and entering the filename You can save the location constants file anywhere on your computer system it does not have to be saved in the same folder as the tidal record from which it was derived However we strongly r
83. onsequently appear to stand upon a broader baseline shoulder of noise 2 GeoTide Spectrum Analyzer l0 x Scan Settings Frequency Amplitude Constituents mj Y 510 to 23481 Cycles per Day E3 26E 00 Cursor X 1 9574 Cycles per Day XDO 26136 lt Cursor Y 0 2 The screenshot shows the semi diurnal tidal components standing upon a shoulder of meteorologically induced noise annual flooding from an 18 year tidal record in Galchipa Bangladesh GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd Spectrum Analyser 89 9 8 Display Settings Parameters Prism Settings x Source Analysis y Number of points 500 Logarithmic Frequency Axis Harmonic Constituents MH Closest group to cursor Fl Other Anti Alias Window RW Hamming m Hanning F T Welch F Bartlett Cancel T None OK Clicking the icon E displays the settings screen above so that you can change the display behaviour and colours below The active features are Source Determines which plotting layer on the main screen is used for the spectral analysis Original Working Analysis and Prediction See Plot Controller Number of points Sets the number of points used in the spectral display You should ensure that the number of points being used is sufficient to display any peak bearing in mind the frequency resolution Logarithmic Frequency Converts the x axis to a logarithmic frequency axis Display Checkbo
84. ors tide gauge problems or unusual meteorological effects such as storm surges To do this arrange that the main graph window and prediction window are both visible To identify a point listed in the Point Discrepancy List click the point in the list as shown in the above screenshot 4 GeoTide Analyzer 2 2 0 C _do tide sample_data whitby rec View Spectrum Help Exit 1 day Pointit 6353 19 0cr 05 11 12 00 0 70m Cursor 19 t men an e ud al J Ej The main graph window will simultaneously show this point as the active point by moving the red square point cursor to that point It will also scroll as necessary so that the point can be seen on the display Its value and height can be read from the Point cursor readout This facility can be used at any graph scale setting You can delete this point if GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd 68 GeoTide Analyzer 6 2 required by simply pressing the delete key Or you can delete any number of points by using the mouse drag facility After deleting the point s the system will automatically update the discrepancy list Tide at regular intervals Graph Prediction File C _do tide sample_data whitby tc1 Location Whitby1 Scheme extended6m 3y schl23 Aug 2006 15 09 48 Predictions Times C Points in Working Plot Points in Analysis Plot From 23 Sep 05 00 00 00 TE 31 Dec 05 23 54 00 Cancel Pedo ey OK 4 240
85. pacing which matches the screen pixel size a resulting moire pattern can be generated which can be distracting If the settings have been changed you will be prompted whether you want to save them when you exit the program GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x O 2015 Geomatix Ltd Part Importing Data 36 GeoTide Analyzer 3 Importing Data Click the File Import menu on the main screen to activate the Import Options Menu as shown below 4 GeoTide Analyzer C _do tide s Mila E File Edit view Analyse Predict Spectrum Load Tidal Record Save Tidal Record Save Location Constants Configure Import ASCII Height Export ASCII gt 1D Stream Create 2D Stream 2D Stream Settings Exit Kil The input data should be contained in a standard ASCII text file consisting of a series of lines rows containing a tidal measurement and a date time stamp also known as a date time group or DTG The DTG should consist of a text representation of the date and time Any number of header rows may be present at the top of the file Each line must be separated either by the Microsoft Windows separators Carriage Return ASCII 13 and Line Feed ASCII 10 or Unix Line Feed ASCII 10 character Of course the line separators are invisible to the user the text simply appears as a listing in a text editor or word processor The options for tidal measurement are as follows Height Each line should contain a date ti
86. plication Data GeoTide Stream est txt Whitby Harbour Tide Gauge 0170172007 00 10 00 1 5 se gt Starting Line fit C Documents and Settings Steve Application Data GeoTide StreamTest txt 26 Sep 2014 11 55 31 Fixed Space 9 Field Separator First Point Selected Date fi pior 2007 00 10 00 Regional Settings y o o Hours Speed 2 i 5 Meters per second rr y m In Direction ooo Gauge ID la Location Name Whitby Harbour Tide Gauge Time Zone Joon Warning Use UKHO Notation for Time Zones East is negative West is positive Import Latitude 50 35 50 N Cancel Longitude 000 00 00 E OF Displaying 1131 of 28806 loaded records The steps in importing a 1D Stream are 1 Setting the Delimited Fixed Space Option This indicates the type of file you are importing A delimited file is where there is always the same character as a separator often a comma or a tab A fixed space file is one where the data forms perfect columns which do not move to the left or right as you scroll down the file 2 Setting the Date and Speed Fields Select the field by highlighting i e move the mouse while holding the left button down Note that the whole field must be highlighted If it is the last field on the row highlight as far as possible to the right a The Date Field Click the Date button and highlight the first row where a date is present b The Speed Field Click the Speed button an
87. rt the data depressing the Import button You will see a count of the number of points imported The imported points appear as the Source layer on the main window 6 OK Button Click OK to copy this information to the Working layer or click You can click Cancel at any time to abandon the import process Note On large files this window will display only the first 32kB of the file However all of the data file will be processed even if it is truncated within the display GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd 40 GeoTide Analyzer 3 2 1D Stream Import 1D Stream C Documents and Settings Steve Application Data GeoTide Stream est txt 50 35 5 N 001 38 5 W Tine Zone 00 00 Start From 1 Jan 2007 Time 00 00 Duration 1 days Tidal Stream Units knots LIST Regular Intervals 10mins Whitby Harbour Tide Gauge 0170172007 00 10 00 1 5 se gt Starting Line fit C Documents and Settings Steve Application Data GeoTide StreamTest txt 26 Sep 2014 11 55 31 Fixed Space 8 d Field Separator First Point Selected Date fi pior 2007 00 10 00 Regional Settings y o o Hours Speed 2 i 5 Meters per second rr y m In Direction ooo Gauge ID la Location Name Whitby Harbour Tide Gauge Time Zone Joon Warning Use UKHO Notation for Time Zones East is negative West is positive Import Latitude 50 35 50 N Cancel Longitude 000 00 00 E OF
88. s only for the identification of the absence of a component within the spectral analysis It is always better to create a new scheme for a given location rather than to modifying an existing scheme file Before modifying any tidal scheme file you must be certain that you have considered all possible impacts on the analysis in every location in which the tidal scheme is applied Warning Do not change tidal scheme files unless you have thoroughly understanding of the issues involved Sampling Issues The Nyquist theorem tells us that the sampling rate must be greater then twice the highest frequency within an analogue signal in order to avoid a phenomena known as aliasing Aliasing is the generation of artificial frequencies components due to inadequate sampling In tidal work the highest frequencies are encountered in tides with non sinusoidal profiles Frequently tidal overtones are invoked for the calculation of Shallow Water Components of up to 6 times per day The user should ensure that the tidal source data is sampled sufficiently frequently in order to avoid aliasing otherwise spectral components may appear in the display which do not actually exist Resolution Issues Spectral analysis has an inherent resolution limit which is dictated by the duration of the source tidal record This resolution determines the discrimination between adjacent frequency channels and the precision with which the frequency of a component can be measure
89. s the harmonic constants to a GeoTide tidal constants file tc1 Save Working Layer As Analysis Layer As Prediction Layer As Import ASCII Depth Imports records of tidal height data 1D Stream Imports records of tidal stream data 2D Stream Imports records of tidal stream data to create GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd 22 GeoTide Analyzer Export ASCII Original Exports this layer as a date height time series Working Exports this layer as a date height time series Analysis Exports this layer as a date height time series Prediction Exports this layer as a date height time series Analysis Constants Exports the analysis harmonic constants 4 log Prediction Constants Exports the prediction harmonic constants 4 log Create 2D Stream Combines tidal stream harmonic constants tc1 to produce vector stream prediction constants tc2 Settings Used to change the main settings for example to set the colours within the main graph display Exit Closes the system If the tidal record or location constants have changed you will be asked if you want to save them 2 1 2 Data 224 GeoTide Analyzer C _do tide GeoTide3 0 5 TestTidalData SRD data 11 rec File Data view Analyse Predict Spectrum Report Tools Help Exit The Data menu gains access to the following options 3 GeoTide Analyzer C _do tide GeoTide File Data View Analyse Predict Spectrum Sample Average Filter Undo
90. second is carried out upon import For tidal streams GeoTide Analyzer works exclusively in meters per second 4 Meta Data The Gauge ID Location Name Time Zone Latitude and Longitude may also be set by clicking the relevant button and then highlighting the information in a similar way to setting the height and date fields above We recommend that this data is always entered for audit purposes i Location Name You can enter the name by typing or by clicking this button and then highlighting the name in the data source window if present Note that you can enter here optional non western characters using their html equivalents If the western ASCII characters are to appear first they must be separated from the non Western characters by amp nbsp for example as Port Salalah amp nbsp amp 1605 amp 1610 amp 1606 amp 1600 8 amp 1575 amp 1569 amp 1589 amp 1600 amp 1604 amp 1575 amp 1604 amp 1600 amp 1600 amp 1607 Or if the Arabic is required first amp 1605 amp 1610 amp 1606 amp 1600 8 amp 1575 amp 1569 amp 1589 amp 1600 amp 1604 amp 1575 amp 1604 amp 1600 8 amp 1600 amp 1607 amp nbsp Port Salalah ii Gauge ID You can enter the Gauge ID by typing or by clicking this button and then highlighting the GaugelD in the data source window if present iii Time Zone You can enter the time zone manually or by clicking this button and then highlighting the time zone in the data if present i
91. sis can only be carried out on the Working Layer Predict 224 GeoTide Analyzer C _do tide GeoTide3 0 5 TestTidalData SRD data 11 rec File Data View Analyse Predict Spectrum Report Tools Help Exit Click this top menu item to display the Prediction window Use this option to make a tidal prediction record from the tidal location constants tc1 in a file The prediction record will always be shown in the Prediction Layer Spectrum 224 GeoTide Analyzer C _do tide GeoTide3 0 5 TestTidalData SRD data 11 rec File Data View Analyse Predict Spectrum Report Tools Help Exit Click the Spectrum menu on the top menu item to display the GeoTide tidal Spectral Analyzer This facility enables you to analyze your tidal record or the tidal residual Observed minus Predicted as a Power Spectrum Using a power spectrum you can see the presence of tidal harmonic components in a visual and intuitive way Report 224 GeoTide Analyzer C _do tide GeoTide3 0 5 TestTidalData SRD data 11 rec File Data View Analyse Predict Spectrum Report Tools Help Exit Click the Report menu on the top menu item to display the report generator facility GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd Main Screen 25 This enables you to produce a computer generated report containing a comparison of the observed and predicted tidal data and with a listing of the tidal levels and tidal constituents Tools T
92. spectrum are 1 Loading a Tidal Record file Use File Load Record on the main window to load a tidal record This will be used to create the yellow line on the graph 2 Loading a Tidal Scheme The Spectrum Analyser also displays the constituent frequencies of the tidal scheme as vertical lines Use the top menu Analysis to click the pull down to load a tidal scheme This loaded tidal scheme will be used to display the grey and white vertical lines on the graph 3 Load the Spectrum Analyser Click the top menu labelled Spectrum to display the above screen 4 Creating a Scan Click Scan or the left icon You will see the tidal power spectrum being drawn Notes You can change the Graph Scale by using the Scale Icon Click this icon and drag the line upwards with a mouse drag and left click to make the peaks larger or downwards to make them smaller Click the icon again to end using this facility You can set the Constituent Scale by using the constituent line icon Ed Click this icon and drag upwards with with a mouse drag and left click to make the lines taller or downwards to make them smaller Click the icon again to end using this facility Note that as you move the mouse around the frequency corresponding to the horizontal X value of the mouse pointer is displayed at the lower edge indicate the frequency GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd Main Screen 20 GeoTide Analyzer 2 1
93. sses The variously shaped land masses and sea floor has a complex effect upon water flow which currently is not amenable to computer modeling Therefore the amplitude and phases of each component must be calculated empirically from observed data Tidal Analysis calculates the amplitude and phase of each known harmonic frequency component by an empirical process of trial and error called iteration The set of amplitudes and phases which are determined by the analysis for a given location are called the tidal Harmonic Location Constants Tidal Schemes The list of tidal harmonic components sought during a tidal harmonic analysis is called a Tidal Scheme or Tidal Schedule You can think of the Tidal Scheme as being a general template while the Harmonic Location Constants are the particular fingerprint for a given location Sometimes the Tidal Harmonic Constituents are grouped together in order to reduce the number of unknown quantities within the mathematics This is an approximation which can considerably reduce the computational effort required and can actually increase the accuracy for a given computer effort The tidal scheme also includes information on these groupings Complex tidal curves may also require the inclusion of harmonics of the tidal constituents These harmonics are also listed within the Tidal Scheme Note For the analysis of tides tidal Harmonic Analysis is much more efficient than its more general relation Fourier An
94. t Muli Tides hrs f5 000000 ow Daily Maxima All Tide Data Points 121 135 Table Interval m 0 1 2 0 000 184 Ht format m i 199 Percent format 10 0 i 516 222 224 226 High Tides List 0170172015 11 48 32 0270172015 00 14 44 0270172015 12 45 01 03 01 42015 00 43 20 03 01 42015 13 17 01 04 01 42015 02 04 44 04 01 42015 14 27 06 05 01 42015 02 58 16 This facility generates tidal exceedance tables of three types High Water Daily Maxima and All Points Exceedance tables are useful for assessing the deepest draft of vessel which may regularly access a harbour and also for estimating overtopping and flood risk The source data for the table can be derived from one of the 4 graphical layers using the listbox at the upper left The table is displayed in the text area on the form In the cases of High Water and Daily Maxima tables the text area also lists below the table itself the maxima which have been used to create the table Note 1 The contents of the text window can be selected and copied to other software e g Microsoft Excel using the right mouse button and highlighting or select all 2 The window can be maximised or resized ListBox Selects which graph layer to be used as data source Original Working Analysis Predicted High Water Selects the type of table Search Width Only applies to High Water Exceedance Tables Sets the search window width in hours This width is used for determining
95. tempts to combine the two sets of data and it checks for any incompatibility in the data During this process GeoTide Analyzer renames the tidal constants files corresponding to the streams having file extension tc1 to tsc and it creates a new file with file extension ts2 which contains information about the tidal stream components Note Warnings are produced when the following data do not match between the files e location GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd Creating a 2D Stream 101 scheme position import file mode Terminating Errors occur when e Data was not imported as a stream e The component directions are not at right angles The program also informs the operator when the two sets of data have been successfully merged into a tc2 file GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x O 2015 Geomatix Ltd Part Harmonic Tidal Theory 104 GeoTide Analyzer 12 12 1 12 2 Harmonic Tidal Theory Tidal harmonic theory explains that the astronomical tidal height anywhere in the world can be represented by the sum of a set of tidal frequency components called tidal harmonic constituents Although tidal theory provides the frequency of these harmonic constituents it does not provide for a given location the amplitude or phase of these components The amplitude and phase of these components can only be theoretically calculated for a spherical frictionless earth with no land ma
96. ter Correction Shallow Water Corrections This check box is displayed on the Harmonic Analysis window shown above only for those tidal schemes which are appropriate currently the UKHO Simplified Scheme Selecting the Simplified Scheme which uses this method displays the checkbox When checked Shallow Water Corrections are algebraically generated for the group within the scheme Shallow Water Corrections allow for non linearity within the ocean in terms of its response to the tidal gravitational potential As such they allow for the amplitude and phase of the overtones of the major harmonic components of the tide raising potential In the UKHO Simplified Scheme they are algebraically calculated for the overtones of only the semi diurnal components corresponding to the 4 times per day and six times per day components They are accordingly labelled f4 F4 f6 F6 in the location harmonic constants log where the lower case indicates the amplitudes and the upper case indicates the phase in degrees GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x O 2015 Geomatix Ltd 62 GeoTide Analyzer 5 2 2 3 Shallow Water effects are described more fully in the Shallow Water Coefficients theory section Analyzing Analysis Settings MixedTide1M 3M sch y Number of harmonic components 61 in 19 groups Continue Previous Solve By 1 71560 08 251 724 0 31875 12 232 871 D 14721 13 032 342 0 72216 14 01 219 904 1 58682 Matri
97. termines the degree of difference whish is tolerated between the DateTimes in the Predicted and Observed records Normally the Predicted record will have been created from a loaded harmonic constant file at the times in the Observed record and so the two sets of data will have identical DateTimes However in cases where the Predicted file has been loaded as a tidal record file this setting and its corresponding time value becomes very important Other In addition the software automatically provides the following outputs in the report RMS Error Quadratic Mean This is the RMS Error figure between the two data sets Mean Absolute Error This is the average of the absolute value of the error figures i e without regard to its sign Maximum Positive Error The largest positive value of difference between observed and predicted Maximum Negative Error The largest negative value of difference between observed and predicted Harmonic Options 7 Harmonic Constants HCs from B V List Harmonic Constants JV Derive Tidal Levels from 18 61 year scan Scan start fi January 2010 The above Harmonic Constant options are enabled when a valid harmonic constants fie has been loaded as a Predicted record The checkbox options are List Harmonic Constants Check this box to output the list of harmonic constants within the report Derive MHWS MHWN MLWS MLWN HAT LAT ML This cause a scan to be carried out of specified duration star
98. text window into the clipboard for copying to another application However you cannot edit or paste the data to this window The text windows displays either e A log of the editing actions performed on the input data e A tidal scheme i e a list of harmonic constants which were sought when the analysis was carried out e Harmonic constants i e the list of tidal components amplitudes amp phases which were determined during an analysis session The menu items are Original Log Displays or hides a Log of all previous actions on data Active Log Displays or hides the actions carried out in this session e g point deletions Analysis Scheme Displays or hides the scheme used in this analysis session Analysis Constants Displays or hides the harmonic constants found in this analysis session GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd 24 GeoTide Analyzer Prediction Scheme Displays or hides the scheme used for making the prediction constants Prediction Constants Displays or hides the harmonic constants found for the location loaded in the prediction window Analyse 224 GeoTide Analyzer C _do tide GeoTide3 0 5 TestTidalData SRD data 11 rec File Data view Analyse Predict Spectrum Report Tools Help Exit Click the top menu Analyse to display the Analysis Window The Analysis Window enables you to analyse the tidal record in the Working Layer into its harmonic tidal constants Tidal Analy
99. the data source window if present Note that you can enter here optional non western characters using their html equivalents If the western ASCII characters are to appear first they must be separated from the non Western characters by amp nbsp for example as Port Salalah amp nbsp amp 1605 amp 1610 amp 1606 amp 1600 8 amp 1575 amp 1569 amp 1589 amp 1600 amp 1604 amp 1575 amp 1604 amp 1600 amp 1600 amp 1607 Or ifthe Arabic is required first GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd Importing Data 39 amp 1605 amp 1610 amp 1606 amp 1600 amp 1575 amp 1569 amp 1589 amp 1600 amp 1604 amp 1575 amp 1604 amp 1600 8 amp 1600 amp 1607 amp nbsp Port Salalah ii Gauge ID You can enter the Gauge ID by typing or by clicking this button and then highlighting the GaugelD in the data source window if present iii Time Zone You can enter the time zone manually or by clicking this button and then highlighting the time zone in the data if present iv Latitude You can enter the Latitude by typing it or by highlighting the latitude in the data source window if present Acceptable formats are decimal degrees or dd mm mm N S or dd mm ss ss N S v Longitude You can enter the Longitude by typing it or by highlighting the longitude in the data source window if present Acceptable formats are decimal degrees or dd mm mm E W or dd mm ss ss E W 5 Import Button To Impo
100. the tidal data into its separate tidal harmonic components When using Matrix Inversion you will see a series of progress bars indicating conversion When using iteration you can observe the computed tidal curve changing as it optimally fits the source data This process can take many minutes or even hours depending on the accuracy settings and tide record length and the tidal scheme chosen Whilst operating the error bar will generally decrease showing that the discrepancy between predicted and observed curves is reducing You can stop the iterative process at any time or you can wait until it reaches a given value Once completed or stopped the analysis constants may be viewed and saved For a more detailed description on the operation of this window please see the section Harmonic Analysis GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd Overview 17 1 6 6 Reporting Display the Report Window by clicking the Report menu item A Observed C 1_doltide GeoTide3 0 5 whitby2 rec Clear B Predicted K _do tide GeoTide3 0 5 whitby2_MixedTide1M 3M20140625142714 tc1 clear Compare A Observed and B Predicted Harmonic Constants HCs from B DateTime from A JW List Harmonic Constants DateTime from B M Derive Tidal Levels from 418 61 ear scan y Exact Match Best within 0 s Compare A Observed and B Predicted A C _do tide GeoTide3 0 5 whitby2 re
101. ting on the specified date the computer uses a brute force method to calculate the tidal parameters shown The default duration is 18 61 years after which the tides approximately repeat When checked the figures are automatically included in the report Note that checking this option considerably slows production of the report which may take many minutes to produce The date formats should be entered as shown Other In addition the software always reports the High water Lunitidal Interval as derived from the phase of M2 GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd Reporting 73 7 5 7 6 Generating To generate a report click Generate Report button 4 Observed C _doltide GeoTide3 0 S whitb B Predicted K _doltide GeoTide3 0 5 whitb _ _ __ Q EEE enge M Compare A Observed and B DateTime from 4 DateTime from B Exact Match Best within 30 Make Report Depending on the options chosen it may take a considerable time to produce the entire report perhaps many tens of minutes The progress is indicated in the information text box at the lower edge of the window Saving Print Save to File To Clipboard uba EN a The above buttons are used to output the report In each case its output is in Rich Text Format RTF which is compatible with most word processors including Microsoft Word Print Causes the document use the loaded printer driver to print out to user
102. tion 2 Process the same source data using the 2D Stream option but set the direction to 090 to resolve the component to an Easterly direction When processing the same file again you will notice that the various meta data boxes are pre filled to save you re entering the data Note 3 Create the tidal harmonic constants for each 1 dimensional set of data 4 Combine the two sets of one dimensional location constants into a tc2 file This can then be input into GeoTide Predictor for creating predictions of 2D Streams The following section describes how to combine the two sets of constants representing orthogonal components You could use any other directions provided they subtend an angle of 90 degrees This may be preferable if the stream is not running in an open ocean and is constricted to run in a straight or channel Merging 1D streams lt Create 2D Stream Ol x File Click a tc1 file to load stream Click a tc1 file to load stream2 Location Scheme Position Tidal Record Import File E Mode Direction Direction Click the File gt Create 2D Stream on the main screen to activate this facility This screen is used for combining two sets of location constants each representing orthogonal right angle components of the same stream Click the left and right hand file text boxes to load the two location constants file These files have file extension tc1 The system at
103. type of prediction times to be used The options are to e use times from points in the working layer e use times from points in the analysis layer e predict at regular intervals GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd Predicting 67 6 1 Comparing Predicted amp Observed File E _do tide sample_data whitby tc1 Location fwhitby1 Scheme extended amp m 34 schl23 Aug 2006 15 09 48 Predictions Times Point Discrepancy Show Points in Working Plot Points in Analysis Plot C Regular Intervals mins i 6600 22 Cancel 6103 22 ha cres Pic mms 0 4 24001724000 RMS Error 057 Click either Points in Working Plot or Points in Analysis Plot to use the times of the points in the respective layers as the prediction times When using either of these two options the predicted points will naturally line up with the source points This means that the system can calculate and show the height discrepancy between the predicted and observed or analysed graphs The points with the greatest height discrepancy are listed in the text box labelled Point Discrepancy They points are shown in reverse order of size of discrepancy The error shown is the RMS error in meters You can change the number of such discrepant points displayed by entering the number in the text box labelled Show This facility can also be used to locate and eliminate erroneous data points such as may be caused by typographic err
104. un 2014 15 Fixed Space Delimited Field Separator First Point Selected Date E p PiJan 1995 00 00 Height po pee The height information is identified and copied to the second row under the label headed First Point Selected 3 Complete the other fields and click OK to import the data The data will be transferred to the Main Screen as an active working plot Once the data has been imported you should save the imported tidal record using the File gt Save menu option as described on the following page For a more detailed description on the operation of the import window and of the Location Gauge ID and Latitude and Longitude fields please see the section Importing GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd Overview 15 1 6 2 1 6 3 1 6 4 Data Tidal Height Saving To save a tidal record click the File gt Save menu and enter the filename which you want to save If this file already exists you will be prompted as to whether the file should be overwritten The tidal data will be saved in the internal format of GeoTide Once you have saved a tidal record you can load it at any time to edit it or to carry out a tidal harmonic analysis Loading To load a tidal record click the File gt Load menu and click the file you want to load The progress bar below is displayed which shows the extent of the loading process and provides you with the opportunity to cancel the load Load T
105. use cursor to select the point or points which are known to be incorrect Then depress the Delete key Automatic Edit You can automatically remove points by e Averaging neighbouring points This reduce noise and reduce data set size e Sampling at a user defined time interval This reduces the data set size GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd 16 GeoTide Analyzer e Filtering This automatically eliminate rogue data points which are known to have certain characteristics 1 6 5 Analysing Display the Analysis Window by clicking the Analysis menu item Analysis Settings Select tidal analysis scheme v Solve By Matrix Inversion Display Residual Error I Iteration IV Dynamic Sub Sampling P Use Shallow Water Coefficients Passes fio times Time eo minutes Until RMS Rrror lt Error Target mm 150 RMSE mm se pn Before commencing tidal analysis you must ensure you have loaded a valid tidal record containing good quality data Steps 1 Select the tidal analysis scheme which you want to use The use of different tidal analysis schemes is described in detail in Selecting a Tidal Scheme 2 Decide on whether you want to use Matrix Inversion or Iteration methods Matrix Inversion is recommended for all schemes except for the UKHO Simplified Scheme with Shallow Water Coefficients 3 Click the Analysis button on the Analysis Window to start the analysis of
106. v Latitude You can enter the Latitude by typing it or by highlighting the latitude in the data source window if present Acceptable formats are decimal degrees or dd mm mm N S or dd mm ss ss N S v Longitude You can enter the Longitude by typing it or by highlighting the longitude in the data source window if present Acceptable formats are decimal degrees or dd mm mm E W or dd mm ss ss E W Import Button You will see a count of the number of points imported The imported points appear as the Source layer on the main window GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x O 2015 Geomatix Ltd 46 GeoTide Analyzer OK Button Click OK to copy this information to the Working layer or click You can click Cancel at any time to abandon the import process GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x O 2015 Geomatix Ltd Editing Data 48 GeoTide Analyzer 4 1 Editing Data Editing data is a most important part ofthe overall tidal analysis process since erroneous data points can slow the analysis convergence and lead to inaccurate harmonic constants Unlike some packages GeoTide Analyzer does not require a tidal record at regular time intervals to produce an accurate analysis and missing data or large gaps in the record are not a problem to the analysis system provided they do not occupy a significant portion of the total duration and the gaps themselves do not occur at regular intervals However any incorrect heights
107. want to use for predictions 2 Click the options to select the times of the prediction 3 Click Predict to create the prediction graph this will be displayed in the Prediction layer on the main screen For a more detailed description on the operation of this window please see the section Prediction Both this package GeoTide Analyzer and its sister software GeoTide Predictor can GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd 18 GeoTide Analyzer 1 6 8 create tidal predictions Both programs produce identical results since they use exactly the same tidal prediction engine However predictions from GeoTide Analyzer should be used for comparison and accuracy checks while those from GeoTide Predictor should be used for producing formatted output such as tide tables and graphs For help on GeoTide predictor please see the Predictor help file Making a Spectrum 2 GeoTide Spectrum Analyzer 3 O x Scan Settings Frequency Amplitude Constituents m Po to 4 0000 Cycles per Day ES 2 6 00 330 Analysis Scheme MixedTide1M 3M Cursor X 2 0033 Cycles per Day XDO 27474 gt Cursor Y 0 3817 m Closest Group amp Line Group 27 XD0 2755555 Using the Spectrum Analyzer you can create a power spectrum of the tide The source data for this power spectrum can be the observed tidal curve the predicted tidal curve or from the residual observed predicted The steps in creating a tidal
108. with a single quote show the log information describing how the operation was carried out The lines starting with a show internal information which is used by the system 10 2 Working Log Import Depth Date 23 06 2006 22 53 30 Parse Delimited Data True Fixed Space False Fields Date Field Nunber 1 Separator First Point 23 09 2005 Fields Height Field Number 2 Separator First Point 1 6m Units Meters m Reverse Sign Unchecked Start at Line 11 User 26 04 2007 18 19 30 Delete Points 27 Sep 05 07 12 00 to 30 Sep 05 10 24 00 User 26 04 2007 18 19 33 Delete Points 05 Oct 05 04 12 00 to 08 Det 05 11 12 00 In addition to containing the details of the Original Log the Working Log includes the additional operations such as deleting or sampling which have been carried out during this session When the tidal record is saved this information is embedded in the file so that it will appear within the original log in future GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd 96 GeoTide Analyzer 10 3 10 4 Analysis Scheme This file contains the Doodson Coefficients as XDO s Digit 6 means 4 sin S cos 6 sin 7 cos The Extended Harmonic Constants Scheme for analysis periods of the order of one month Note All lines in each groups are within 0 5 degs hr of each other 0555555 0 73869 etcpotf 0 0555657 0 06552 etcpotf 2 0565545 0
109. within the group Therefore tidal grouping enables the tidal hydrographer to use source data which extends over a considerably shorter time compared with tidal analysis without grouping GeoTide Analyzer supports the use of tidal groups within its tidal scheme files as well as individual harmonic constituents Shallow Water Coefficients Normal tidal theory is based upon the concept of linearity which assumes that the astronomical tide can be represented as a simple sum of each individual frequency component However in some locations especially those with extra tides or standing tides components of higher frequencies are generated not directly from the gravitational tidal potential arising from the sun and moon but by non linear generation of harmonic overtones within the ocean In addition to the simple overtones harmonics and sum and difference frequencies of frequency components are also created Such non linear effects mainly occur in shallow waters and so historically are called shallow water overtides extra tides or standing tides Corrections for this non linear effect are implemented in two main ways by using either harmonic overtones or by using shallow water corrections Harmonic Overtones Astronomical tidal theory can fortunately be used to provide the frequency of the overtones and of the sum and difference frequencies Consequently a simple extension of the tidal scheme to include these additional frequencies can be us
110. within the tidal record will severely limit the accuracy of the analysis process and will considerably increase the time required for a satisfactory iteration Such erroneous points often appear as glitches or spikes within a tidal record or as blocks of identical incorrect values We strongly recommend that each record is carefully examined and that such points are removed prior to its use for iteration The cause of such incorrect points can be various including instrumentation errors data transmission errors keyboard errors unusual weather or simply flotsam jamming a tidal sensor As many as possible incorrect points should be removed prior to analysis The old adage from Cartography applies very much here When in doubt leave it out GeoTide Analyzer provides both automatic and manual editing facilities for the removal of such points The main Edit menu provides access to automatic editing as sampling averaging and filtering while the main screen and mouse provide manual edit facilities This section describes these methods of editing data in detail Sample E Sampling x Interval 1 5 minutes 4 J C of Hydrographic Survey Department sampled the data at 15 minute intervals to reducde data size Comment ba Cancel Sampling reduces the total number of input points by removing points 7 subject to the specified time interval Specifying a large interval may cause too many points to be removed and reduce a
111. x Inversion Display Residual Error J Iteration I Dynamic Sub Sampling 15 271 838 1 36637 16 119 603 1 12463 17 307 888 0 67906 a i 18 165 433 0 15352 o imes 22 172 338 0 20020 C ti ko i 23 319 981 0 57789 24 100 709 1 22132 Until RMS Rrror lt Error Target mm 150 25 321 063 1 26700 26 292 724 0 93649 27 217 882 0 34826 i 29 309 097 0 04935 Analyse 35 238 171 0 00276 ae RMSE mm 337 136 056 296 0 00548 y Click Analyse to Restart Click Analyse to initiate the iteration process Once clicked the system continuously displays the progress of the tidal analysis both as a thermometer on this screen and by displaying an extra graph in the main screen in the Analysis Layer see below The window contains a vertical thermometer which displays the RMS Error and the horizontal black bar which displays the progress of the iteration The information box in the lower window area gives you the error which has been attained During analysis a trial graph is continuously written to the analysis layer and as time progresses the graph which emerges becomes increasingly similar to the working layer The analysis graph below is shown in blue while the original data is shown in yellow When the iteration condition has been attained the iterative process stops Alternatively you can click the Analyse button now labelled Stop to halt the process 32 GeoTide Analyzer C _do tide Ge
112. x enables display of harmonic constituents of the analysis scheme Closest Harmonic to Cursor Sets the colour of the harmonic line which is closest to the mouse cursor Closest Group to Cursor Sets the colour of the harmonic group which is closest to the mouse cursor Other Sets the colour of all other non highlighted lines and groups GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x O 2015 Geomatix Ltd 90 GeoTide Analyzer 9 9 9 10 Display Settings Data Windows GeoTide Prism has a choice of built in data windows also known as spectral weighting functions Please see the next page for a detailed discussion on the purpose of data windows A number of data windows can be enabled on the settings screen and the use of more than one data window at a time is fully supported for comparison purposes Click the appropriate checkbox to use the respective anti leakage window in the spectrum analyzer or set the colour of the display by clicking the respective coloured square Hamming 0 54 0 46 Cos 201 N Hanning 0 5 0 5 Cos 201 N Bartlett 1 2i N 1 21 N 0 EEE More on Data Windows Spectral analysis behaves as if the input data wraps around from beginning to end i e it assumes a repetitive waveform of an exact whole number of cycles is being converted When the waveform does not contain an exact number of cycles the discontinuity generated by this implied wrapping process creates artefacts i e frequency components appe
113. xed space or delimited Fixed Space Sassnnssosnsssusnen Fixed space data appears in regular columns whereas delimited data uses a character usually acomma or tab to separate the data fields Click the radio button to select the appropriate option for your data 2 Selecting the data fields Date Click the button marked Date and highlight with the mouse the first occurrence of the date field within the data as shown GeoTide Analyzer 3 0 x 2015 Geomatix Ltd 14 GeoTide Analyzer Import Height C _do tide GeoTide3 0 5 whitby txt Tide Gauge Data Date 01 01 1995 Duration 100 days Location Whitby Harbour Time Zone UT mi 2 62 Dlan 199 00 10 2 81 01 Jan 1995 00 20 3 01 Starting Line F 1_doitidelGeoTide3 0 5whitby Ext 09 Jun 2014 15 Fixed Space Delimited Field Separator First Point Selected Date po Pidan 1995 00 00 Height ne A The date information is identified and copied to the first row under the label headed First Point Selected Height Click the button marked Height and highlight with the mouse the first occurrence of the height field within the data as shown Import Height C _do tide GeoTide3 0 5 whitby txt Tide Gauge Data Date 01 01 1995 Duration 100 days location Whitby Harbour Time Zone UT 01 Jan 1995 00 00 01 Jan 1395 00 10 01 Jan 1995 00 20 Starting Line F 1_doitidelGeoTide3 0 5 whitby txt 09 J

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