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1. The reference direction defined by components dx dy and dz and reference point defined by co ordinates x y and z are used for averaging shell element stresses If not given reference point co ordinates at the origin 0 0 0 are assumed The reference direction however must always be specified The reference direction and reference point are used as follows initially the top and bottom surfaces of the shell are defined This is done by creating a vector from the reference point towards the node in question This is called the control vector The first surface of the shell element at the node cut by the control vector is defined as the bottom surface and the second as the top surface the local Z axis at this node is normal to the shell elements average of element normals at the node and positive in the direction from the bottom surface towards the top surface Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 5 36 Concrete Envelope User Manual Control Data Commands the local X axis lies in the plane containing the local Z axis and the reference direction The X axis is positive on the side of the Z axis containing the positive reference direction Thus the X axis is the projection of the reference axis into the plane of the elements the local Y axis forms a right handed set with the local X and Z axes The above rules break down into two cases z if
2. 3664Z 0 0 az05 0 PO HSPE O SO 30TT O X H O8T 06 XJIAWNS 0 3 68 0 0 3686 0 SO HETT O SO d2Z 0 90 3948 0 PO dZ6T 0 PO H86S 0 S 3O0ST 0 NIW 0 982P 0 PO H90T 0 90 9SP2 0 SO d2TT 0 0 0662 0 0 9z05 0 PO HSPE O S 3O0TTI 0 X H 06 0 XJIAHNS ZAN ZXN EH AW XH AXN AN XN SuOol2J3sax5 Gs uHd uvi nJ3IILUuVYd uod S3dOTSZ3ANS NOILIYO2O0 TY GIAIGNI XXX EEE EE BEEP PAE B PEPE ESSEN NES ELLLVLXANNELNEXNXNLLLLLANNNLX NNLLA XEELLNE ANE NLLLNX NE ELLSN NEL PPPsPPsPPssBsPsP PsP Ass PsPPsPP4ssss4 ss sse ses sy yey yyy 000 00 0 000 000 00 0 oo o 000 00 0 IINTAY AS Hd PO dPET O PO dSPFT O S0 IZOT 0 SO H 8h 0 90 3 98 O PO H882 O PO H968 O SO 3P 22 0 WXdO0TMANS NIN XLVHIIT 00 0 oo o oo o oo o oo o oo o oo o oo o XONVAGTW AS Hd E0 aTrS O POTS6ST 0 90 478 0 SO dTOT O 0 d6TL 0 0 rNESL O0 POTS6TE 0 POT 3PP6 0 WXd TSANS XWH XLVHILTU 000 00 0 000 000 000 00 0 000 00 0 IINTAY AS Hd 0 3 68 0 0 3686 0 SO HETT O S0 IZZE 0 90 3948 0 PO AZ6T O PO H865 0 S 30ST 0 WdOTNANS NIN XJIAHNS 00 0 00 0 000 0050 000 000 000 000 IINTAY NSYHd 0 482P O P0 I90T 0 90c3srz S 3zTT 0 0 d662 0 3z05 0 PO ASPE 0 SO AOTT 0 Ad0TSANA XVH XJIAWNS ZAN ZXN AXH AW XH AXN AN XN S318HY FTINVYATY ASYHA TITY uod AAOTTAANA SSYTI X33XX33XXX 334 433 43 39 X 3 334 X 3 2X 1 2 XY 2VX Y 2 VAX E 2XVAX PERE PEPE EEE ES VX3T3XXY 3X 3 309 VY 2 4 X3 1VX 11 VAY 1 SAX YE VAX
3. PO HPET O PO HSPT 0 SO adz0T 0 SO H 8h 0 20 3598 0 PO H882 O PO H968 0 SO dP 22 0 NIW O dTP9 O PO H6ST O 90 3z8E 0 S0 ITOT 0 0 06TL 0 E0 IESL O PO H6TE 0 PO dPP6 O X H 09E OL2 SLYWILTO PO HPET O PO H8FT O SO adz0T O0 SO d 8P 0 90 aP 98 O PO d882 0 PO H968 O SO dP 22 0 NIW 0 adTP9 O0 PO H6ST 0 90 4Z8 0 SO 4TOT 0 0 d6TL 0 corgdes 0 PO H6TE 0 PO dPP6 0 X H O12 O8T SLYWILTO PO HPET O PO SPFT O SO adz0T 0 SO H 8 0 90 3 98 0 PO d882 0 PO H968 O SO dP 22 0 NIW E0 ITF9 0 POTS6ST 0 90 3z8 0 SO aTOT O 0 06TL 0 r3ESL 0 POSTE O POT3PP6 0 X H O8T 06 SLYWILTO PO HPET O PO A8PT O SO dZ0T 0 SO HE Sh 0 90 c3p98 0 t0 4887 0 PO0r3968 0 SO 3P 22 0 NIW 0 aTP9 0 PO H6ST O 920 328E 0 S 3TOT 0 O0 cN6TZL 0 0TNESL oO PO HETE 0 titr O X H 06 0 SLYHILTO 0 0 68 0 0 3686 0 SO HETT O S0 IZZE 0 90 3945 0 PO Z6T O PO H865 0 S 3O0ST 0 NIN 0 ad82P PO H90T 0 90 dSP2 0 SO AZTT 0 0 d662 0 0 adz05 0 PO HSPE 0 SO AOTT 0 XYH 09E OLZ XJIAWNS 0 3 68 0 0 3686 0 SO HETT O S0 IZZE 0 90 3948 0 PO dZ6T 0 PO H865 0 S 3O0ST 0 NIW O d82P 0 PO d90T 0 90 9SP2 0 S0 IZTT 0 0 3664 0 0 az05 0 PO HSPE 0 SO 30TT O X H OZ O8T XJIAHNS 0 4 68 0 0 3686 0 SO ETT O SO d2ZE 0 90 3945 0 POTSZ6T 0 POr396s 0 S0 40ST 0 NIH 0 d82P t0 I90T 0 9g0 4SF2 0 S S3ZTT 0
4. P P P P P P P P P 2 2 2 000 TO aSsP 000 TO 3E9L 0 oo o 00 4000 0 000 00 400 0 ZAN 2 N9Vd 000 T0 4687 0 000 TO dELT O oo o 00 7000 0 D0 0 00 300 0 ZXN HLIN YLI 00 0 T0 360 0 00 0 TO d6TS 0 000 00 3000 0 000 00 400 0 AX oo o TO d9PT O 000 TO dFPr 2 O oo o 00 7000 0 oo o 00 400 0 AW SuOol2s35 YXXXXXX OR RUNUMRULUALUEUMRUAULENMUAUMNMMEUAUXNMAUEUXNNAEXXNXEARUXNNMLUAANXEXAAAEAUXUXRNMEUEXNNXEXXNXEXNNXEXAANXNAXNMEAAANNAEXXAENXEXANXEXXNMNXEXXEXNXEXEEXNXEXLMLXEXXLELXXX LXANEXLLNAELELLNNEY TO0 300 0 XSYHd oo o TO HELS 0 oo o TO d956 O oo o 00 3000 0 oo o 00 400 0 XH SSNIDIJIHL ST 00 0 TO d6 TP 0 D00 0 T0 4869 0 000 00 7000 0 oo o 00 4000 0 AXN TI1YHZXAO 000 TO I 68 0 000 Z0 4STT 0 000 00 4000 0 000 00 4000 0 AN S3dO0TSXAINS 000 TO IE68 0 000 ZO d6PT 0 000 00 400 0 000 00 4000 0 XN NOILYJOT LII GAIA HLIM TINI JILVIS WNSH N AION SSYIJ NAXH JILYLS IlSXL XlYVId LSXL 3TIdWIS AdOTAANA ALTAINOI SYSY 698 Hil b 0S 9T XOJNVAGCV 3SYHd Xd TMNANS NIH XJNVAGCV AS Hd XdOTXANS XFN WONVAGCV 3SYHd XdOTXANS NIH XONVAGQV 33SYHd XdOTNANS XWH T SLYWILTO ALYHILIN NJIAHNS NJIAHNS TYV GIAIGNI Sd OT NANI dnows Las WAY S T ANN XLXHJN02 INDIVIDUAL ENVELOPE OUTPUT FIGURE C 2 1 C4 Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsid
5. User Manual Program Description a SET UP SEPARATE LOAD CASES ON SPANS 1 to 4 LEAL AA ZA A B C b SELECT LIKELY WORST LOAD CASE COMBINATIONS FROM 16 POSSIBLE COMBINATIONS 148 ACA KU a MAX SAGGING IN SPANS 1 amp 3 244 amp Ec L EEEEu MAX SAGGING IN SPANS 2 amp 4 14244 EUL LLL LLL eZ MAX HOGGING AT B 2 3 a aE TILIA eee MAX HOGGING AT C ZEE 14243 MAX HOGGING AT D c FIND WORST MOMENTS ETC FROM ANY COMBINATION A ORDINARY LOAD CASE ENVELOPING a SET UP SEPARATE LOAD CASES ON SPANS 0 to 4 A 8 c D E b DEFINE LOGIC OF LOADING COMBINATIONS CHOOSE BETWEEN 0 amp 4 OF THE FOLLOWING LOAD CASE 1 LOAD CASE 2 LOAD CASE 3 LOAD CASE 4 C PROGRAM DETERMINES THE ENVELOPE OF MOMENTS ETC FROM THE GIVEN LOGIC B LOGIC ENVELOPING FIGURE 2 2 1 ENVELOPING EXAMPLES Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 2 13 Concrete Envelope User Manual Program Description CYLINDER N SUPERELEMENT L ELEMENTS y SUPERELEMENT PLANAR PW ELEMENTS SURFACE I CONIC N SURFACE N DEFINED SECTION SUPERELEMENT ELEMENTS CONE X N N y FIGURE 2 4 1 SECTION DEFINITIONS Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates Concrete Envelope User Manual Program Description a X ul z e LLI e 2 O zp 5d z Og H z O m z d z o9 ae
6. 0 TO 36TS 0 TO0 360E 0 TO d6TS 0 o0 7000 0 00 7000 0 00 7000 0 00 4000 0 00 4000 0 00 4000 0 00 4000 0 00 4000 0 AXM XSYHd TO I9FT 0 TO dPrZ 0 TO I9FT 0 TO dPPrZ 0 TO S9PT 0 TO dP PZ 0 TO A9P TO TO dPPr2 O o0 7000 0 00 7000 0 00 7000 0 Do 3000 0 00 4000 0 00 4000 0 00 4000 0 00 4000 0 AW TO HELS 0 TO 4956 0 TO HELS 0 TO ad9S6 O TO HELS 0 TO a956 0 TO HELS 0 TO d9S6 O 00 7000 0 00 7000 0 o0 7000 0 00 4000 0 00 4000 0 00 4000 0 00 4000 0 00 4000 0 XH uviTnoaILuVYau TO d6 TP T0 4869 0 TO 46TF 0 TO ad869 O TO H6TP TO d869 0O TO d6 TP 0 TO d869 O 00 7000 0 00 7000 0 00 7000 0 00 7000 0 00 4000 0 00 7000 0 D0 3000 0 00 4000 0 AXN uod T0 3889 0 D0 ISTT 0 T0 3889 0 OO aSTT O T0 3885 0 O 0 c3sTTI T0 3885 0 O0 c3sTTI 00 3000 0 00 3000 0 00 3000 0 00 3000 0 00 3000 0 00 3000 0 B00 x3000 0 D0 x3000 0 AN SNdOTZJ3ANS TO c 3 68 0 ZO c36rT TO d 68 O Z20 d6PT 0 TO 3E68 0 ZO d6PT O TOc 3t68 0 Z0 d6FT 0 00 x3000 0 00 3000 0 00 3000 0 00 3000 0 00 3000 0 00 3000 0 00 3000 0 00 3000 0 XN NoOILY IOT NIH X H 09 OL2 NIH XYH OL2 O8T NIH X H 0ST 06 NIH XYM 06 NIW X H NIW X H NIH X H 06 NIH XYH 06 0 ALYHILIN ALYHILIN ALYHILIN ALYHILIN NJIAHNS NJIAHNS NJIAHNS NJIAHNS T QNQIATQANTI III rl PI P P l P EEE EE EEE P
7. The DYNAMIC command acts as a header to the dynamic sub deck of the inclusion data The use of the dynamic deck is described in Section 2 7 of this guide The DYNAMIC sub deck must follow the STATIC sub deck and precede the COMBINED sub deck This command must always be present even if no dynamic inclusion lines are present The REVE load type is not allowed in the dynamic deck Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 6 5 Concrete Envelope User Manual Inclusion Data Commands Command END Syntax END Example END Description The END command marks the end of a given inclusion data deck Upon execution it returns the program to the input of control commands If the inclusion data was present in the control data file this will be the next line but if the inclusion data was in a separate file the return point will be the next line in the control file after the READ INCLUSION DATA command The inclusion data END command should not be confused with the control data END command which terminates a run Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 6 6 Concrete Envelope User Manual Inclusion Data Commands Command ENVELOPE Syntax ENVELOPE number title Example ENVELOPE 2 STORM CONDITIONS Description The ENVELOPE command defines the number and title of the envelopes that will be created follow
8. User Manual Program Description 2 PROGRAM DESCRIPTION 2 1 OVERVIEW OF THE CONCRETE SUITE The CONCRETE post processing suite comprises three separate but integrated programs CONCRETE ENVELOPE this will produce envelopes of load maximum minimum ranges for selected locations or regions of the structure across selected load cases These envelopes will be used for strength and serviceability checks in CONCRETE CHECK CONCRETE CHECK this will perform code checks on selected locations or regions of the structure Strength serviceability and fatigue checks may be performed selectively using loads provided by the user obtained directly from the FE analysis or transferred by CONCRETE ENVELOPE Additional cylinder implosion and panel buckling calculations may be provided using direct input data CONCRETE PLOT this program will extract results at the enveloping or code checking process that have been stored by CONCRETE ENVELOPE or CONCRETE CHECK These results will then be formatted into selected plot file format for proprietary graphics presentation packages The above programs will interface with a finite element analysis via the binary interface files produced by the FE system in use The suite of programs may be used in three modes of operation CONCRETE CHECK may be used as a stand alone program accepting all input data and loading from the user Strength serviceability fatigue implosion and panel stability checks may be perf
9. node or location number zero for class envelopes LOCATION node or location number zero for class envelopes GROUP group set number SET group set number CLASS class number SECTION section number ENVELOPE envelope number SET GROUP and SECTION are all set to zero for global envelopes For the keyed filing system to be fully defined a range of possible values must be defined for each field on this card The KEY RANGES card is provided for this purpose and it is normal that a KEY RANGES command will immediately follow KEY FIELDS A full description of the keyed filing system in use by CONCRETE ENVELOPE is given in Section 4 9 Note that there is no default for this command It must be present in the input data if WRITE ON is used to enable backing file creation Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 5 16 Concrete Envelope User Manual Control Data Commands Command KEY RANGES Syntax KEY RANGES minl max1 min2 max2 minn maxn Examples KEY RANGES 1 100 KEY RANGES 14 1 500 1000 Description The KEY RANGES command allows numerical ranges to be assigned to the fields created by a KEY FIELDS instruction Together these two cards are used to define a keyed filing system for the storage of CONCRETE ENVELOPE results Ranges are specified by minimum and maximum values for each field The number and order of the ranges must correspond to those given
10. the choice of loading which gives the worst effect for any phase sector is based on the sum of the static load plus the component of the dynamic load resolved onto the phase sector centre line Load factors are applied separately to the static and dynamic parts of the load and it is possible for the static load to be multiplied by its maximum load factor while the dynamic load is multiplied by its minimum load factor Note that symmetry cannot be used to halve the number of phase sectors processed as is possible with purely dynamic loads The static loads produce an asymmetric offset to the envelopes such that the maximum envelope values in one sector are not the same as the minimum envelope values in the opposite sector This means that combined loads take twice as much processing as pure dynamic loads and the number of sectors times as much processing time as simple static cases For optimum efficiency much of the static and dynamic enveloping can usually be performed separately as sub envelopes using DEFIne and then these sub envelopes USEd to form the combined envelopes Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 2 0 Concrete Envelope User Manual Program Description 2 9 ENVELOPING ACCURACY OVER SECTORS The number of sectors selected for enveloping of dynamic loads affects the accuracy of the final envelopes but has an adverse effect on computation time and cost In ge
11. this is clearly demonstrated in the description of the command The only CONCRETE ENVELOPE command that currently uses continuation lines is SECTION COMMENT LINES Comment lines may be included in the input data file These are denoted by an exclamation mark T in column one of the line All text following the exclamation mark may be echoed to the output file but otherwise ignored It is recommended that comment lines are used liberally to indicate for example the source of the input data assumptions that are being made etc as they prove invaluable when it is necessary to rerun an old analysis STORAGE OF ENVELOPES Envelopes will be stored only when envelope writing is enabled using the WRITE ON command Individual class and global envelopes may all be stored in this way and may subsequently be accessed by CONCRETE CHECK or CONCRETE PLOT The CONCRETE suite uses a keyed filing system for storage of envelopes on backing file by the CONCRETE ENVELOPE program This keyed filing system is a flexible system that allows the user full control over the storage of results and later retrieval by CONCRETE CHECK or CONCRETE PLOT However due to its flexibility the system requires careful explanation to describe its capabilities fully That explanation is provided here For a panel of shell elements node envelopes will be produced per node in the set and per class over the entire set Panel class envelopes are distinguished by a node n
12. 2 8 Concrete Envelope User Manual Program Description 2 8 The WITH facility is available for dynamic load case combinations but REVErsible is not Should REVE be required it can be simulated by two IFTAs as follows IFTA load case factored by 1 0 IFTA load case factored by 1 0 The final dynamic envelopes per sector are obtained by summing the INCL load cases with any other load cases selected for that phase sector for both maximum and minimum envelope limits for both service and ultimate envelopes Note that transient time history loads are not harmonic in nature and should be treated as simple static loads at each time step ENVELOPES OF COMBINED STATIC AND DYNAMIC LOADS Static loading and dynamic loading are often independent of each other In this case the static and dynamic loads may be enveloped independently then the results can be added together to determine the overall envelope values However in some cases the choices of static loading and dynamic loading are interdependent For example for a tension leg offshore platform one tether may be removed for inspection at any time If the static and dynamic effects were enveloped separately some envelopes would almost certainly contain load combinations where for static loading one tether was removed but for dynamic loading a different tether was removed This is overcome by the use of the combined static and dynamic enveloping facility In the combined section
13. Figure 4 3 1 and described below direct stresses are positive tensile positive shear causes elongation in the X gt 0 Y gt 0 and X lt 0 Y lt 0 quadrants bending moments including torsion are positive if they cause positive direct stresses in the BOTTOM fibre This means that sagging moments are positive and hogging moments are negative The slab axis system is also illustrated in Figure 4 3 1 The X and Y axes are the stress reference directions in the plane of the slab The Z axis is the slab normal The X Y and Z axes form a right handed system The orientation of these axes within a shell element structure generally follow the FE system axes at each node Exceptions are noted in the FE system appendix Stress orientations in a solid element model are defined by the surface 1 location definition in accordance with Section 4 10 Note that the Nx and My loads cause stresses in the X direction Ny and My cause Y stresses and Nxy and Mxy cause shear The Mx and My designation for moments should not be confused with the more conventional Mxx and Myy designation for beams which are defined as moments ABOUT each axis not as moments which CAUSE stress in each axis FINITE ELEMENT SYSTEM DATA The control data file on unit 5 may need to start with a preliminary or run control deck which may comprise as little as one line to provide data about the finite element system in use and to describe the model or s
14. In these cases the phase parameter should be zero Dynamic cases are more difficult to handle There are three basic methods of identifying harmonic data The method required depends on the FE system in use and the user should refer to the appropriate appendix The following are available on systems that produce harmonic stresses as amplitude and phase the load case number of the amplitude case should be specified as case and the phase angle should be specified as phase on systems that store harmonic loads as separate real and imaginary load cases both load case identifiers should be coded into a single identifier in the case field If the load cases are referred to numerically then the case parameter should be as follows Real case 100 000 Imaginary Case on systems that store harmonic loads as a single complex load case only that load case identifier need to be given in the case field The second and third load types may be converted from complex to amplitude phase format as follows amplitude phase SQRT Real Real Imag Imag ATAN Imag Real For load types two and three it is possible to specify a non zero phase The specified phase angle is taken as a phase shift and is additional to the phase angle calculated as above Refer to the appendix for the FE system in use for any special formats for the load case identifier Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc an
15. LIST INCLUSION DATA ON OFF LIST INCLUSION DATA LIST INCLUSION DATA OFF The LIST INCLUSION DATA command controls the printing of interpreted inclusion data used to define an envelope The output produced is a list of expanded inclusion data after the file has been read in The printout produced by this command is rather more detailed than the simple data echo produced by the ECHO command The default for LIST INCLUSION DATA is ON LIST INCLUSION DATA with no parameters is taken to mean LIST INCLUSION DATA ON Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 5 20 Concrete Envelope User Manual Control Data Commands Command LIST INPUT DATA Syntax LIST INPUT DATA ON OFF Examples LIST INPUT DATA LIST INPUT DATA OFF Description The LIST INPUT DATA instruction allows selective printing of interpreted input data as commands are read in The printout produced by this command is rather more detailed than the simple data echo produced by the ECHO command The default for LIST INPUT DATA is ON LIST INPUT DATA with no parameters is taken as meaning LIST INPUT DATA ON Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 5 21 Concrete Envelope User Manual Control Data Commands Command MAXIMUM ERRORS Syntax MAXIMUM ERRORS maxerr Example MAXIMUM ERRORS 10 Description The MAXIMUM ERRORS command is used to contro
16. PLOTIT by user developed programs or by spreadsheets Typical PLOT output is illustrated in Appendix C This simple PLOT facility should not be confused with the more comprehensive capabilities provided by CONCRETE PLOT To be able to produce plot results CONCRETE PLOT requires only that envelopes be stored via WRITE ON Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 5 28 Concrete Envelope Command Syntax Example Description User Manual PRINT ENVELOPE PRINT ENVELOPE PRINT ENVELOPE Control Data Commands The PRINT ENVELOPE command begins the intermediate printing of overall envelopes started by a BEGIN ENVELOPE instruction The envelopes printed will be those formed by all DO CHECKS instructions since overall envelopes were enabled This command does not terminate the overall enveloping and subsequent DO CHECKS instructions may cause the envelopes to be extended further until a FINISH ENVELOPE command is encountered Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 5 29 Concrete Envelope User Manual Control Data Commands Command READ INCLUSION DATA Syntax READ INCLUSION DATA stream file Examples READ INCLUSION DATA 25 READ INCLUSION DATA 60 envelope inc Description The READ INCLUSION DATA command is used to initiate the input of a block of inclusion data defining an envelope Input
17. a section may be defined The command is therefore only available for structures modelled using solid elements The command is optional If given it requires a vector to be specified by inputting the projections of the vector on the global X Y and Z axes of the structure or substructure For example the vector 0 0 1 0 0 0 specifies a vector in the Y direction The vector is used along with the normal or axis definition for a surface see the SURFACE command to define a datum plane For this reason the only restraint on the specification of a datum vector is that it should not be collinear with the normal or axis definition of the current surface The datum plane and surface definition define the reference axes relative to which locations on a section may be defined Refer to the SECTION command for the definition of locations and to Section 4 10 for general details of section definition If the DATUM card is not given the default vector is in the global X direction 1 0 0 0 0 0 Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 5 8 Concrete Envelope User Manual Control Data Commands Command DEBUG Syntax DEBUG OFF level routine values Examples DEBUG OFF DEBUG 1 DOCHKS DEBUG OFF DOCHKS DEBUS 100 ENVEL 2 1 2 2 2 9 Description The DEBUG command may be used to force the program to monitor progress through selected routines It is only of use to user
18. affiliates 5 38 Concrete Envelope Command Syntax Examples Description User Manual Control Data Commands SUBROUTINE TRACE SUBROUTINE TRACE ON OFF SUBROUTINE TRACE SUBROUTINE TRACE OFF Like the DEBUG command SUBROUTINE TRACE may be used to monitor progress through the program and is intended only for users with a knowledge of the internal operations of CONCRETE ENVELOPE The list of subroutine entries and exits produced is extremely lengthy so this command should be used with care SUBROUTINE TRACE with no parameters is taken as SUBROUTINE TRACE ON Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 5 39 Concrete Envelope User Manual Control Data Commands Command SURFACE Syntax SURFACE PLANE normalx normaly normalz SURFACE CYLINDER axisx axisy axisz radius SURFACE CONE axisx axisy axisz angle Examples SURFACE PLANE 0 0 0 0 1 0 SURFACE CYLINDER 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 500 SURFACE CONE 0 0 0 0 1 0 12 25 Description The SURFACE command defines a surface to intersect with a set of elements to define a section It is currently only required for structures modelled using solid elements Envelopes for solid models are evaluated at specific locations around or along structural sections Sections are defined as the intersection of a defined surface with a given subset of elements When a DO CHECKS instruction is encountered and a SECTION command is current the
19. envelopes and to avoid repetition of logic instructions The following example shows the use of simple CONCRETE ENVELOPE inclusion data to define the loading on an offshore platform INCL dead load WITH buoyancy IFTA live load CHOO from 0 to 1 of the following 4 cases LOAD Mx crane moment and hook load My LOAD crane moment and hook load LOAD Mx crane moment and hook load LOAD My crane moment and hook load CHOO one and only one of the following 0 LOAD wave loads LOAD 45 wave loads LOAD 90 wave loads In the above example dead load is always INCLuded as is buoyancy which is combined WITH it Live load is only included IF TAking it extends the envelope i e it is not included if it has a beneficial effect on the envelope The worst non beneficial crane load case is chosen if one exists Finally the single worst wave case is chosen The above inclusion table is of course greatly simplified In practice each load description may be represented by more than one physical load case using WITH commands i e dead load may comprise components for sub structure weight ballast topsides appurtenances etc 5 strength and serviceability requirements may be different crane moments about X and Y could be DEFIned as REVErsible loads within two sub envelopes and then USEd within a CHOOse list Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 2 4 Concrete Env
20. in Section E 2 of this Appendix The ASAS storage convention for stresses is described briefly in Section E 3 and details are given as to how this interfaces to the CONCRETE system for post processing Section E 4 of this Appendix described the format of the preliminary deck needed to interface CONCRETE ENVELOPE with ASAS The final section of this Appendix E 5 described the files required for a successful run of CONCRETE ENVELOPE AVAILABLE ELEMENT TYPES CONCRETE ENVELOPE works directly from ASAS POST results for shell and brick elements The following three four six and eight noded shell elements can be handled GCSE CGS8 TCS6 TCS8 TBC3 QUS4 QUMS QUM4 TRM6 TRM3 SLB8 TRB3 SND6 SND8 Some of the above shell elements do not produce all of the stress resultants required by CONCRETE For example the membrane elements QUM8 TRM6 QUM4 TRM3 do not produce bending stresses and the bending elements SLB8 and TRB3 do not produce membrane stresses Only the thick shell elements TCS8 and TCS6 produce all components of stress including out of plane shear and these are recommended for use in modelling the concrete structure Where stresses are not available they are set to zero CONCRETE ENVELOPE can also handle a full range of solid brick elements except for the BR32 element The following can be handled BRK6 BRK8 BR15 BR20 Shell and brick elements may not be mixed in a single set or group of elements Other than
21. latest SURFACE ORIGIN DATUM and SET or GROUP commands are used to define locations around the section for use in enveloping The creation of sections is described in Section 4 10 and under the SECTION command The definition of the surface used to create each section is provided by this command and optionally by the ORIGIN and DATUM commands Three types of surface may be defined as below a general flat plane This plane is defined by specifying a vector PEE i which is normal to the required plane CYLINDER a cylindrical surface defined by a centroidal axis vector and a radius in the units of the FE system CONE i a conic surface defined by a centroidal axis and an angle in degrees between this axis and the conic surface The surface normal for PLANES and the axes for CYLINDERS and CONEs are defined as vectors using projections onto the structure or superelement global X Y and Z For example the vector 0 0 1 0 0 0 defines a vector in the global Y direction Together with an origin defined on an ORIGIN command or defaulting to 0 0 0 0 0 0 the surfaces are then fully defined in three dimensions Apart from the ORIGIN command mentioned above the other optional command relating to surface definition is the DATUM instruction which specifies a datum relative to which locations along or around the section may be defined The user should refer to this command description for more details Contains proprietary and confidential
22. lt a z ai z ul x x z PHASEANGLE LOAD CASE AMPLITUDE DYNAMICS LOAD COMPONENTS ON VECTORIAL REPRESENTATION OF ARGAND DIAGRAM Nx IMAGINARY 1 FIGURE 2 7 1 VECTORIAL REPRESENTATION AND ADDITION OF LOAD CASES Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 2 15 Concrete Envelope User Manual Program Description IMAGINARY AXIS REAL AXIS 8 No 459 PHASE SECTORS 1 REPRESENTATION OF IFTA LOAD CASES AND SUBDIVISION OF ARGAND DIAGRAM INTO PHASE SECTORS IMAGINARY IMAGINARY t or AXIS AXIS SECTOR s S y amp Leo4 E amp oF l SECTOR LC 8 N N N REAL AXIS REAL AXIS 4 SECTOR 3 5 SECTOR 4 FIGURE 2 7 2 SELECTION OF IFTA CASES USING PHASE SECTORS Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 2 16 Concrete Envelope User Manual Running the Program 3 3 1 3 2 3 3 RUNNING THE PROGRAM INTRODUCTION CONCRETE ENVELOPE operates by taking data from a text data file and writing results to an output file Optionally plot results may be written to several plot files and data input may be redirected to other input files Each of these facilities will be described in the following sections COMMAND LINE All programs in the CONCRETE suite contain a command line interpreter so that input output and other file names can be enter
23. of the inclusion data continues until an END instruction is reached Section 6 0 gives details of the format of the inclusion data commands If no parameter is specified for this command it will be assumed that inclusion data is stored in the same file as the control data starting immediately after the READ INCLUSION DATA command If further data is given this is assumed to be the unit number and filename for the inclusion data file Some unit numbers are already in use by the program and should be avoided Units 5 6 5 and 53 are always used Other units used to interface with an FE system are noted in the appendices and in Section 3 3 When an END instruction is encountered in the inclusion data control returns to the original control data file The filename which may include a directory structure should follow the syntax for the operating system in use Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 5 30 Concrete Envelope User Manual Control Data Commands Command RECTANGULAR AXES Syntax RECTANGULAR AXES OFF RECTANGULAR AXES vectx vecty vectz Examples RECTANGULAR AXES OFF RECTANGULAR AXES 1 0 0 0 0 0 Description The RECTANGULAR AXES command is used with solid element models to specify whether or not the stress axes used for the recovery of section forces follow the section being defined or conform to a fixed set of reference axes The former optio
24. on a KEY FIELDS instruction A KEY FIELDS instruction must precede KEY RANGES Note that if the reserved symbols NODE or LOCATION are used on a KEY FIELDS instruction then the corresponding range should start at zero to allow storage of class envelopes node 0 as well as node or location envelopes The SET GROUP and CLASS reserved symbols should also have minimum values of 0 if global envelopes are to be used A full description of the keyed filing system is included in Section 4 9 of this manual The default range is zero to zero for each field giving a trivial maximum key of one In general therefore a KEY RANGES card is always required if KEY FIELDS have been specified Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 5 17 Concrete Envelope User Manual Control Data Commands Command LIMITS Syntax K LIMITS zmax zmin Examples LIMITS LIMITS 500 0 200 0 Description The LIMITS instruction permits the user to specify the maximum and minimum extents of a section being defined by the SECTION command Stresses will be extracted from the FE analysis only for element intersections within the range zmin for zmax defined in the through thickness direction relative to the surface origin in analysis units For details of surface and section definitions refer to Section 4 10 The default values for zmax and zmin are both numerically large 10 and 10 respectiv
25. sections The output from both facilities is similar to that for single locations Figure C 2 3 illustrates the former class envelope output GRAPHIC OUTPUT CONCRETE ENVELOPE may be used to produce plots showing the variation of given load components around or along a section The PLOT command is used to specify which load components are required and a plot file is written to unit 53 whenever a DO CHECKS command is encountered This plot file may subsequently be accessed and plotted by either the PLOTIT utility program or other third party software Selected load cases for selected sections may be output in the form shown by Figure C 3 l The plotting utility may also be used to annotate the output as required This output should not be confused with the more general plotting capability via CONCRETE PLOT Refer to the CONCRETE PLOT User Manual for more details Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates C 2 Sample Output Concrete Envelope User Manual XOU RURURURUXRUXXXXXXANNAEANNNEANNXNAEARNNNNNXNNEXNXNXEXEXXNNNXXENXEXXEXEXMEUXUAUXMUXEUXUNUNUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU UU aaa aaa 00 3000 0 00 4000 0 00 3000 0 00 7000 0 00 3000 0 00 3000 0 00 3000 0 00 2000 0 00 2000 0 TTINY aS Hd dOLIVA XYI WO LOVU NINH WO LOYJ as d O HI S3SYJ TUN FOT T dno SNIASG XNHN NINN 3S00H3 S 3 YJ OT AN TINI qvoT ALIAS AQ TINI ada TqYOT
26. sub deck but may be simulated by extending the service and ultimate envelopes separately Refer to Section 4 12 for details of the specification of the load case and phase angle parameters The factor parameter is a basic multiplying factor which is always applied to the load case for both serviceability and ultimate envelopes The minpsf and maxpsf parameters are minimum and maximum partial safety factors for load applied to the ultimate envelope only The minimum psf is used when the load case must be included even though it reduces the envelope The maximum psf is used when the envelope is extended Up to twenty characters of text may be input at the end of the line as an aid to describing the data Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 6 11 Concrete Envelope User Manual Inclusion Data Commands Command REVE Syntax REVE S S U B case factor psf phase text Examples REVE S U 21 1 20 1 50 0 00 STATIC CASE Description The REVErsible command specifies a load case that may occur in either direction and will be reversed before being added to the envelope if such reversal extends the envelope Both the maximum and minimum envelope extremes will therefore be extended by this command one by the load itself and one by the reverse of the load REVE is not allowed in the DYNAMIC or COMBINED sections as its effects are best simulated in the
27. the control vector is perpendicular to the surface normal i e is tangential to the plate top and bottom surfaces may not be defined A warning is issued if the angle of the surface normal to the control vector is between 85 and 95 and on error is issued if it is between 89 and 91 if the reference direction is parallel to the surface normal there can be no projection of this vector into the surface A warning is issued if these vectors are within 5 of each other and an error is caused if they are within 1 Processing continues after a warning but in the event of an error the node in question is omitted from further processing Execution continues unless MAXIMUM ERRORS has been exceeded Stresses for all elements in the given group present at the node being checked are converted to the above axis system prior to averaging and use in the creation of envelopes Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 5 37 Concrete Envelope User Manual Control Data Commands Command STRESS INTEGRATION Syntax STRESS INTEGRATION option Example STRESS INTEGRATION SIMPLE Description This instruction allows the accuracy of stress extraction from a solid element FE model to be set The following options are available ACCURATE stresses are extracted at every intersection between an element face and the location being specified This includes internal faces of higher
28. this the two element types may exist in the same model The orientation of shell and brick stresses is described in Section E 4 Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates E 1 Concrete Envelope User Manual ASAS FE Interface E 3 E 4 STRESS EXTRACTION The CONCRETE suite of programs require either that ASAS POST be run as a post processor to ASAS to produce nodally averaged stresses in plate or solid structures across groups or that the STNECO AXES command be present in the data to perform this averaging internally Optionally ASAS LOCO may also be run to combine load cases Real and imaginary components and all prestress cases should be kept separate through this analysis When using shell elements the CONCRETE programs obtain their eight components of load directly from the nodally averaged stresses at the node being considered These stresses may be stored by ASAS POST as a set of direct stresses per fibre top bottom middle or may be generated internally following the rules for the STNECO AXES command CONCRETE determines its membrane loads from the middle fibre results and its bending loads from the difference in extreme fibre stresses Because the ASAS and CONCRETE sign conventions for tension and compression are the same these loads will automatically be of correct sign ASAS thick shell elements also produce out of plane shear loads which are also nodally a
29. 0 0 at program start up This is the origin of the structure or superelement if a substructured analysis is being used The ORIGIN command may be used however to move the origin of a surface from the global origin to a new position The command is optional ORIGIN commands are not cumulative When a DO CHECKS command is encountered the latest origin if any is used in the surface and hence section definition The units of the ORIGIN command should be the same as those used for the FE analysis Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 5 25 Concrete Envelope User Manual Control Data Commands Command PANEL Syntax PANEL SAMPLE SWEEP angtol Examples PANEL SWEEP PANEL SAMPLE 45 0 Description This command applies only to structures where the concrete substructure is modelled using thick or thin shell elements SWEEP selects all nodes in a set for future processing When a DO CHECKS instruction is encountered the program will scan the currently selected plate element set defined by SET or GROUP command and then identify and classify all nodes on the plate see Section 2 2 If enveloping is enabled ENVELOPE ON the program will evaluate and store envelopes at all nodes in the panel SAMPLE is similar to SWEEP in that it causes CONCRETE ENVELOPE to scan the current SET or GROUP when a DO CHECKS instruction is encountered However whereas SWEEP will then cla
30. A and LIST INCLUSION DATA commands may be used to control printing of input data as it is processed The ECHO command causes each command to be echoed to the output file or terminal as it is read in The LIST INPUT DATA and LIST INCLUSION DATA commands cause interpreted command printout to be produced for the control and inclusion data respectively This output is more informative but lengthier than the simple input ECHO Figure C 1 1 shows typical output of the inclusion data expansion ENVELOPE OUTPUT The CHART command controls printing of envelope data to the selected output device Chart data output options are as follows NONE no output OFF table produced per node and or set showing only the final calculated numerical envelopes see Figure C 2 1 ON in addition to numerical envelopes a symbolic chart is produced showing which load cases have been used to define the envelope at each node see Figure C 2 2 The symbols A B C D F T N R etc are described below ONA as ON but all cases are included in the chart whether they are used in the envelope or not Output of calculated envelopes Figure C 2 1 is fairly self explanatory with maximum and minimum values being printed per load envelope per location Envelopes are also produced per phase sector for dynamic load envelopes Chart output is slightly more complex with symbols being used to show how a certain load case contributes
31. ANSYS Inc Southpointe 275 Technology Drive Canonsburg PA 15317 ansysinfo ansys com http www ansys com T 724 746 3304 F 724 514 9494 Concrete Envelope User Manual Version 12 1 Copyright 2009 SAS IP Inc All Rights Reserved Unauthorised use distribution or duplication is prohibited ANSYS Inc is certified to ISO 9001 2008 Revision Information The information in this guide applies to all ANSYS Inc products released on or after this date until superseded by a newer version of this guide This guide replaces individual product installation guides from previous releases Copyright and Trademark Information 2009 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Unauthorized use distribution or duplication is prohibited ANSYS ANSYS Workbench AUTODYN CFX FLUENT and any and all ANSYS Inc brand product service and feature names logos and slogans are registered trademarks or trademarks of ANSYS Inc or its subsidiaries located in the United States or other countries ICEM CFD is a trademark used by ANSYS Inc under license All other brand product service and feature names or trademarks are the property of their respective owners Disclaimer Notice THIS ANSYS SOFTWARE PRODUCT AND PROGRAM DOCUMENTATION INCLUDE TRADE SECRETS AND ARE CONFIDENTIAL AND PROPRIETARY PRODUCTS OF ANSYS INC ITS SUBSIDIARIES OR LICENSORS The software products and documentation are furnished by ANSYS Inc its subsidiaries or affi
32. C and COMBINED sub decks Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 6 13 Concrete Envelope User Manual Inclusion Data Commands Command USE Syntax USE S U envelope factor text Example USE 4 1 00 USE SUB 4 Description The USE command is used to specify that a given sub envelope is to be USEd in the current sub deck USE may be present in any sub deck as part of a CHOOse list The DEFI FINI construction that creates the sub envelope of this group must already be closed Sub envelopes may not be USEd in the definition of other sub envelopes nesting The S U Service Ultimate flag defines the type of envelope that will be extended by this command It is currently not possible to extend both envelopes by this command but this can be simulated by extending each in turn The envelope number is the number of the sub envelope that is referenced by this command This must reference a previously DEFIned and FINIshed sub envelope Sub envelopes may be used repeatedly as required The factor is applied to both serviceability and ultimate stored sub envelopes referred to by this command The stored sub envelopes are multiplied by this factor prior to use Up to twenty characters of text may be input at the end of the line as an aid to describing the data Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affili
33. ELOPE Once again lower case names represent numerical values text while upper case names are keywords Values in brackets are optional and slashes represent a choice of values Full details of these inclusion commands are included in Section 6 0 of this Manual In the following commands S D allows cases to be defined as Static or Dynamic S U B allows inclusion data to be allocated to Serviceability Ultimate or Both Limit States GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS ENVELOPE number title STATIC DYNAMIC COMBINED END DIRECT LOAD CASE INCLUSION INCL S D S U B case factor maxpsf minpsf phase text REVE S S U B case factor psf phase text IFTA S D S U B case factor psf phase text SELECTED LOAD CASE INCLUSION CHOO S D S U B minnum maxnum text LOAD S D S U B case factor maxpsf minpsf phase text USE S U envelope factor text SUB ENVELOPE CREATION DEFI S D S U B envelope text FINI S U B envelope text COMBINATION INCLUSION WITH S D S U B case factor maxpsf minpsf phase text Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates B 1 Concrete Envelope User Manual Summary of Inclusion Data Commands Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates B 2 Concrete Envelope User Manual Sample Output Appendix C Sample Output C 1 C 2 DATA ECHO AND PRINTING The ECHO LIST INPUT DAT
34. EUS Re UU t Ri D diua Mete Ad SINTRODUC THON Der 42 JUNIUS cesna ae acc enema tou etate we cnet data Kus etep ME dta daM Lia Dad 4 3 SIGN CONVENTION AND SLAB AXES eerte 4 4 FINITE ELEMENT SYSTEM DATA teen ento enhtn eon eene inn 4 5 FORMAT OF CONTROL DATA INSTRUCTIONS cerner 4 6 ABBREVIATION OF CONTROL DATA INSTRUCTIONS A CONTINYA TION LINES ce ott tort Bett Cubo Dau ie co quse t I pee ts 48 GCGOMMENT EINES s acon osc esse dee meets idem apt E A bodie tut AO STORAGE OF ENVELOPES ss 52 ite vases adapter item RA A A etse eaa dan 410 SECTION DEFINITION iiid ope peto eed teda oie Gas oh e etes 4 11 DESCRIPTION OF INCLUSION DATA DECK ee 4 12 LOAD CASE MDENTIBICA PION inp deett itte i eet e ec tec 5 CONTROL DATA COMMANDS 3 itte tege cha Detector eed 6 INCLUSION DATA COMMANDS ere aiana danno nodos a a pegada DE INTRODUCTION sriain a trus ponthsateidecotetud vite toot rade aie Appendix A Summary of Control Data Commandis eene AT AI PRODUC TOI petto oneri fe tibia nta afin usb A2 RUNCONIROLCOMMZANDS 53 2 M utadcUpsu s Ova Aare Rte DU A 3 LOCATION SELECTION COMMANDS eene enne AE UBXSICDATA CONINUSINDISC a neret est veio de rede A s rgo taber aemder AD FILE HANDLING COMMANDS 5 taseod ds eH nU DE ue aa eO eM Re ao RE Appendix B Summary of Inclusion Data Commandis eee BE INTRODUCTION S e
35. HORA NE GEESE PEPE ESS EEE PPE E PEPE EES E Egy SL IYJ MOT 3d TXANX S9 39Vd Y 00088 ANS XLSHJNO2J CLASS ENVELOPE OUTPUT FIGURE C 2 3 C 6 Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates Concrete Envelope User Manual Sample Output CORMORANT ALPHA SIP 1200 1000 d ee oe a 800 DV MAXIMUM ENVELOPE 600 4 y MINIMUM ENVELOPE 200 mim a a ee a i i NXZ SHEAR FLOW COMPONENT N mm 400 ANGLE AROUND LEG deg MAIN LEG 3 LEVEL 400 SECTION 12 FIGURE C 3 1 TYPICAL GRAPHICAL OUTPUT C 7 Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates Concrete Envelope User Manual Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates Sample Output C 8 Concrete Envelope User Manual SESAM FE Interface Appendix D SESAM FE Interface D 1 D 2 D 3 INTRODUCTION CONCRETE ENVELOPE is available as a post processor to the SESAM FE system Both shell and solid element models of the structure may be processed Section D 2 lists available element types CONCRETE ENVELOPE will obtain geometric and element stress data from a SESAM Interface File produced by PREPOST However PREPOST will not produce nodally averaged stresses These must be added by the SIF AVERAGE program which allows the user to define groups of elements f
36. Ine command is used to start the definition of a sub envelope that may subsequently be USEd in a CHOOse list Sub envelopes may be USed but not DEFIned in the COMBINED sub deck Definition of a sub envelope continues until a FINIsh inclusion line is found Definition of a sub envelope may not straddle sub decks within the inclusion data and may contain any valid inclusion data except FINI DEFI and USE thus sub envelopes may not be nested The S D Static Dynamic flag must be consistent with the sub deck being defined The S U B Service Ultimate Both flag is used to define whether Service Ultimate or both sub envelopes are created by this command The actual envelopes affected are also affected by the S U B option on each of the constituent commands within the sub envelope definition The envelope number is the number of the sub envelope being defined A maximum of 100 sub envelopes may currently be defined A previously defined sub envelope may be redefined using a fresh DEFI FINI construct However such redefinition may only be performed after the original sub envelope has been used at least once Up to twenty characters of text may be input at the end of the line as an aid to describing the data Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 6 4 Concrete Envelope User Manual Inclusion Data Commands Command DYNAMIC Syntax DYNAMIC Example DYNAMIC Description
37. OFF routine values DO CHECKS ECHO ON OFF END ENVELOPE ON OFF FINISH ENVELOPE LIST INCLUSION DATA ON OFF LIST INPUT DATA ON OFF MAXIMUM ERRORS maxerr PLOT load CLEAR title PRINT ENVELOPE READ INCLUSION DATA stream file STOP SUBROUTINE TRACE ON OFF LOCATION SELECTION COMMANDS DATUM vectorx vectory vectorz CLEAR SELECT class node 1 node2 GROUP set LIMITS zmax zmin ORIGIN x yz PANEL SAMPLE SWEEP angtol RECTANGULAR AXES OFF vectx vecty vectz SECTION numsec LIST valuel value2 SELECT class nodel node2 SET set STRESS AXES dx dy dz x y z STRESS INTEGRATION ACCURATE MODERATE SIMPLE SURFACE PLANE CYLINDER CONE px py pz radius angle Concrete Envelope User Manual Summary of Control Data Commands A 4 BASIC DATA COMMANDS CONCRETE DEPTH depth NUMBER OF PHASES sectors PHASE SIGN CONVENTION LAG LEAD POS NEG A 5 FILE HANDLING COMMANDS KEY FIELDS keyl key2 keyn KEY RANGES mini maxi min2 max2 minn maxn NEW SYMBOL symbol value SYMBOL VALUE symbol value WRITE ON OFF Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates A 2 Concrete Envelope User Manual Summary of Inclusion Data Commands Appendix B Summary of Inclusion Data Commands B 1 B 2 B 3 B 4 B 5 B 6 INTRODUCTION The following is a summary of inclusion commands available within an inclusion deck for CONCRETE ENV
38. ST and modified by the SIF AVERAGE program to contain nodally averaged stresses for groups or sets of elements in a consistent axis system For CONCRETE ENVELOPE to run this file must be present on the default device Several SIN files may be produced for different superelements The referenced superelement SIN file must be present CONCRETE ENVELOPE also writes results to the SIN and these may also be accessed by CONCRETE CHECK if the file is on the current device The file name for the SIN is created using the data on the SUPER ELEMENT command as follows lt prefix gt lt filename gt SIN Where the extension SIN signifies the Norsam formatted direct access file The SESAM system uses streams 10 11 and 12 for internal file handling These streams as well as streams 5 6 51 52 and 53 should not be used by the CHANGE INPUT STREAM or READ INCLUSION DATA commands Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates D 11 Concrete Envelope User Manual SESAM FE Interface Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates D 12 Concrete Envelope User Manual ASAS FE Interface Appendix E ASAS FE Interface E 1 E 2 INTRODUCTION CONCRETE ENVELOPE is available as a post processor to the ASAS package of programs Only certain ASAS element types may be accessed by the CONCRETE suite Available elements are listed
39. STATIC sub deck If required it can be simulated with a CHOOse instruction choosing between load cases with 1 0 and 1 0 factors The S Static flag is included for consistency with other commands The S U B Service Ultimate Both flag defines the type of envelope that will be extended by this command Refer to Section 4 12 for details of the specification of the load case and phase angle parameters Only static cases are allowed The factor parameter is a basic multiplying factor which is always applied to the load case for both serviceability and ultimate envelopes The psf parameter is a load partial safety factor used to multiply the load case for the ultimate envelope only Only one psf is required for the REVE command A minimum psf is not needed as the envelope can never be reduced by this command Up to twenty characters of text may be input at the end of the line as an aid to describing the data Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 6 12 Concrete Envelope Command Syntax Example Description User Manual STATIC STATIC STATIC Inclusion Data Commands The STATIC command acts as a header to the static sub deck of the inclusion data The static sub deck is defined in Section 2 6 of this guide The STATIC command must immediately follow the ENVELOPE instruction and the sub deck must precede both the DYNAMI
40. Update Sheet for Version 12 1 November 2009 Modifications The following modifications have been incorporated Section Page s Update Addition Explanation Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates Concrete Envelope User Manual Table of Contents TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 ANTRODUGCTION ied eei tiere eere a ease eM aetas UN MP IAN HER eMe 2s PROGRAM DESCRIPTION rirerire d tate teli ntu adiu tee a 2 1 OVERVIEW OF THE CONCRETE SUITE 1 ere 22 LOAD CASE SELECTION METHODS ente diete end 23 GLOAD CASE INCLUSION TAB ERS eree h i Gece quio tul on E Ou dU 2 4 SELECTION AND SCANNING OF MODEL LOCATIONS 25 gt EOAD COMPONENTS sh eisttinptvktsSnesiv a pot reoMelwatos i 26 ENVELOPES OF STATIC LOAD cuenta es 2 7 ENVELOPES OF DYNAMIC LOAD i eot ona teh n quts a M 2 8 ENVELOPES OF COMBINED STATIC AND DYNAMIC LOADS 2 0 ENVELOPING ACCURACY OVER SECTORS eere 2 T0 PROGRAM LIMDEATIGOIS oh eoc teet etnies eit tad eese in Saas 37 RUNNING THE PROGRAM c aare aE EEE EER EE E E REE E e d uh Salhi INTRODUCTION reise rnis RE a A R T SEE AR ES E A20 COMMAND LINE enat a Ride EE A A a a 3 2 CHANGED INPUT STREAMS iir ie Md Hae hee 34 INPUT AND OUTPUT CHANINBELS 3 2 eiua rici er tees 235 BATCH FILES ui gdiiaviesetis ales osten tesa a a a t te ed Prov oae A DATA PREPARATION inei ea D R
41. abbreviated in the same way for example SE is not an acceptable abbreviation for SELECT because it is also a possible abbreviation of SURFACE This restriction of non ambiguity extends to all instructions in CONCRETE ENVELOPE and CONCRETE CHECK regardless of which programs are actually installed Keywords in the data following the instruction keyword may also be abbreviated subject to the same rules provided that the abbreviation is not ambiguous with respect to any other data keyword that could be used with the particular instruction If an ambiguous instruction is supplied in the input data CONCRETE ENVELOPE will print a warning and arbitrarily choose which instruction to execute CONTINUATION LINES There is as described above a limit of 80 characters for any line of data Some instructions require more data than can be easily fitted within this limit and so allow the use of continuation lines A continuation line is denoted by a plus character in the first column of the line Comment lines see below may be included before each continuation line Individual data fields may not be split over two separate lines so for example Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 4 3 Concrete Envelope User Manual Data Preparation 4 8 4 9 INSTRUCTION 12 34 would be interpreted as INSTRUCTION 12 34 and not as INSTRUCTION 1234 Where continuation lines are allowed
42. ach envelope is stored The range of a field must be defined by the user and must enclose all possible values that the symbol may take Note that the range for a NODE or LOCATION field must start at zero as these symbols will be given a value of zero for a class envelope Similarly the GROUP SET and SECTION symbols may also be zero if global envelopes are used For a given key definition the maximum key that can be produced will be the product of all of the individual key ranges i e MAXKEY max min 1 max mino 1 max min 1 where max and min define the ranges of each of to n keys The actual value of a given key will depend on the current values of each of the symbols that occupy the key fields at the time that the key is evaluated when an envelope is to be stored This is best demonstrated by example Suppose a key definition comprises three key fields as follows Field 1 Symbol CASE range 1 to 4 Field 2 Symbol GROUP range 1 to 10 Field 3 Symbol NODE range 0 to 100 CASE is a user defined symbol GROUP and NODE are reserved symbols The maximum key value is given by MAXKEY 4 14 1 10 1 1 100 0 1 4040 Suppose the symbol values are as follows for the storage of a particular load case CASE 2 GROUP 3 NODE 35 The key evaluation for this data would be as follows KEY 2 1 10 1 1 100 0 1 3 1 100 0 1 35 0 1010 202 35 1247 Contains proprietary and confide
43. and ultimate envelopes The psf parameter is a load partial safety factor used to multiply the load case for the ultimate envelope only Only one psf is required for the IFTA command A minimum psf is not needed as an envelope can never be reduced by this command Up to twenty characters of text may be input at the end of the line as an aid to describing the data Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 6 9 Concrete Envelope User Manual Inclusion Data Commands Command INCL Syntax INCL S D S U B case factor maxpsf minpsf phase text Examples INCL S U 21 1 20 0 90 1 50 0 00 STATIC CASE INCL D S 100021 1 00 1 00 1 50 90 00 DYNAMIC Description The INCL command specifies mandatory inclusion of a load case into the current envelope whether the case extends or contracts the envelope It is used to define fixed loads such as dead load etc INCL is not allowed in the COMBINED section as its effects are best simulated in the STATIC and DYNAMIC sub decks If required it can be simulated with a CHOOse instruction of which it is a simplification The S D Static Dynamic flag must be consistent with the sub deck being defined The S U B Service Ultimate Both flag defines the type of envelope that will be extended by this command The B flag is not permitted in the COMBINED sub deck but may be simulated by extending the service and ultimate envelopes separate
44. ated for both strength ultimate envelope and serviceability characteristic envelope conditions Load cases may be factored as required prior to this combination For ultimate envelopes load cases are further multiplied by a load factor prior to inclusion in the envelope The user may specify a range of load factors minimum and maximum to be applied as follows the maximum factor is used when the load extends the envelope so that it is augmented by the maximum amount the minimum factor is used when a load reduces the envelope so that the envelope is decreased by the minimum amount Load cases may be forced to reduce envelopes when specified as a simple INCLude case or when they occur in a CHOOse list with a non zero minimum number of cases so that one must be chosen Care should be taken over the use of INCLude and WITH to define ultimate envelopes This is because the multiplication of a load by a load factor occurs after the WITH lines have been taken into account resulting in different envelopes for INCL INCL and INCL WITH sequences Consider the following example Load Case 1 7 units with max min load factors of 1 5 1 25 Load Case 2 5 units with max min load factors of 1 5 1 25 INCLuding load case 1 WITH load case 2 would result in the following maximum envelopes Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 2 7 Concrete Envelope User Manual Program Desc
45. ates 6 14 Concrete Envelope User Manual Inclusion Data Commands Command WITH Syntax WITH S D S U B case factor maxpsf minpsf phase text Examples WITH S U 21 1 20 0 90 1 50 0 00 STATIC CASE WITH DS 100021 1 00 1 00 1 50 90 00 DYNAMIC CASE Description The WITH command may be used to specify that a given load case is to be associated WITH another case and is to follow its inclusion logic Any number of WITH commands may follow a single INCL REVE IFTA or LOAD command and all follow the host command inclusion logic WITH may therefore not be the first command in a deck sub deck or sub envelope The S D Static Dynamic flag must be consistent with the sub deck being defined Either S or D are allowed in the COMBINED section The S U B Service Ultimate Both flag defines the type of envelope that will be extended by this command The B flag is not permitted in the COMBINED sub deck but may be simulated by extending the service and ultimate envelopes separately This flag must be identical to that specified on the host command Refer to Section 4 12 for details of the specification of the load case and phase angle parameters The factor parameter is a basic multiplying factor which is always applied to the load case for both serviceability and ultimate envelopes The minpsf and maxpsf parameters are minimum and maximum partial safety factors for load applied to the ultimate envelope only The ma
46. ation envelopes of a certain class within a region PANEL or SECTION If these class envelopes are used for code checking in CONCRETE CHECK and the code checks prove successful then all individual locations of each class will also pass the checks This facility can be used to produce a rapid first pass check of locations in a region If failures occur under this preliminary check then the user should revert to checking all individual locations of the failed region A further facility enables the user to BEGIN and FINISH global envelopes which may be set up to encompass any number of location or class envelopes This facility is useful in creating envelopes over several panels or sections Both class and global envelopes are stored to file in the same way as location envelopes for subsequent access by CONCRETE CHECK LOAD COMPONENTS CONCRETE ENVELOPE can process results from FE models comprising shell or solid elements Stresses are available for these elements from the FE system per load case The format of these stresses depends on the FE system in use Before any enveloping can be performed these stresses must be converted into consistent and suitable components of load as required by CONCRETE CHECK For each case the following eight loadings are calculated Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 2 6 Concrete Envelope User Manual Program Description 2 6 Nx Ny me
47. ation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 5 31 Concrete Envelope User Manual Control Data Commands Command SECTION Syntax SECTION numsec LIST valuel value2 Examples SECTION 5 LIST 0 0 15 0 30 0 45 0 60 0 75 0 90 0 Description The SECTION command allows the selection of locations to envelope around a section and is therefore currently only available for structures modelled using solid elements The CLEAR SELECT PANEL and SELECT commands should be used for shell element models A section is defined as the intersection between a surface defined by a SURFACE instruction and a set of elements defined by the SET or GROUP instructions The SECTION command puts a number to this section and specifies locations along or around the section at which stress envelopes are to be calculated The section number numsec may be used by the program to store and identify sections for subsequent retrieval by CONCRETE CHECK The user should therefore ensure that unique section numbers are provided for each envelope to prevent overwriting of stored results unless this is required Only one section may be defined for enveloping at any one DO CHECKS The last to be defined will be used If several sections need to be processed these must therefore be separated by DO CHECKS instructions A list of unique values is expected defining locations along the section For CONE and CYLINDER surface definitions these value
48. ations of these maximum and minimum stresses will ensure that the most critical load combinations have been selected The enveloping approach has the following advantages over the conventional combination method it is more thorough As long as all possible load cases have been considered and their loading logic is correctly represented the maximum absolute range of stress at every location will be calculated The conventional combination method cannot ensure that a subset of all possible combinations has been selected B it is generally simpler to code the logic for enveloping than to create many different load combinations the cost of the code checking is greatly reduced as only a few selected combinations of envelope extremes need to be checked as opposed to a large number of load case combinations the method lends itself very easily to producing envelopes of load over a number of locations in the structure Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 2 2 Concrete Envelope User Manual Program Description 2 3 There is a disadvantage to enveloping as opposed to combining load cases This disadvantage is that the various stresses at a given location direct bending etc are all enveloped independently and will in general be derived from different constituent cases It is unlikely that this worst combination of loads will actually occur simultaneously In the co
49. bing the data Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 6 8 Concrete Envelope User Manual Inclusion Data Commands Command IFTA Syntax IFTA S D S U B case factor psf phase text Examples IFTA S U 21 1 20 1 50 0 00 STATIC CASE IFTA D S 100021 1 00 1 50 90 00 DYNAMIC PAIR Description The IFTA command specifies optional inclusion of a load case into the current envelope The load case is only included into each envelope IF TAking it extends the current envelope otherwise it is ignored In practice this means that positive load values will extend the maximum envelope whilst negative values will extend the minimum envelope IFTA is not allowed in the COMBINED section as its effects are best simulated in the STATIC and DYNAMIC sub decks If required it can be simulated with a CHOOse instruction of which it is a simplification The S D Static Dynamic flag must be consistent with the sub deck being defined The S U B Service Ultimate Both flag defines the type of envelope that will be extended by this command The B flag is not permitted in the COMBINED sub deck but may be simulated by extending the service and ultimate envelopes separately Refer to Section 4 12 for the specification of the load case and phase angle parameters The factor parameter is a basic multiplying factor which is always applied to the load case for both serviceability
50. crete Envelope User Manual ASAS FE Interface OPTIONS options END END Each command starts at the beginning of a new line and is free format each item being separated by at least one space Explanation nnnnn is the decimal number of words of memory to be made available to the program This number is not required on installations where the memory requirements are defined in the Job Control Statements Typical values are between 3000 and 100000 depending on job size namel is a four character project name Details of all runs identified by project name are stored in a common project file name2 four character name used to identify any backing files created by this run If name2 is not defined name 1 1s assumed text is any alphanumeric text of up to sixty characters which will be printed at the top of each page of output name3 is a four character structure name identifying which structure is to be accessed from the project defined by name 1 tree is the path down the component tree from the structure defined by name3 to the assembled component which is being used for the CONCRETE ENVELOPE run options may currently only be NOBL to turn off the ASAS barrier at the start of the output E 5 FILE HANDLING CONCRETE ENVELOPE acts on the files produced by the preceding ASAS analyses Optionally ASAS LOCO and ASAS POST may be run after ASAS to combine load cases although this may also be performed within CONCRETE ENVELOPE S
51. d its subsidiaries and affiliates 4 9 Concrete Envelope User Manual Data Preparation MEMBRANE LOADS Nx Nxy Nxy Ny BENDING LOADS cV A m My Mxy Mx OUT OF PLANE SHEAR LOADS 4 bs Nyz FIGURE 4 3 1 SIGN CONVENTION FOR CONCRETE SUITE Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 4 10 Concrete Envelope User Manual Data Preparation x z wy Y Y 2 z x LOCATION AXES SURFACE AXES a nm SUBSET OF ELEMENTS DEFINED SECTION a mE PLANE surrace e NORMAL VECTOR PROJECTION DATUM TO PLANE VECTOR iN PLANE ORIGIN X Y 2 SURFACE _ DATUM VECTOR D Q LOCATION NUMBERS loc loc 2 LOCATION VALUES in mm FIGURE 4 10 1 DEFINITION OF A PLANE SURFACE Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 4 1 Concrete Envelope User Manual Data Preparation Y x Y LOCATION AXES SURFACE AXES x GLOBAL AXES CYLINDER Pa SURFACE P DEFINED SECTION DATUM VECTOR SUBSET OF ELEMENTS CYLINDER AXIS Boum x y z QD ete Location NUMBERS angi ang2 etc LOCATION VALUES in degrees FIGURE 4 10 2 DEFINITION OF A CYLINDER SECTION Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 4 12 Concrete Envelope Use
52. e SYMBOL VALUE command Experienced users may attempt this 4 10 SECTION DEFINITION Sections may currently be defined in structures modelled using solid elements only and the rest of this section refers only to models of this type A section is defined by the intersection of a surface with a given subset of elements see Section 2 3 The following commands are therefore obligatory to define a section SET or GROUP to define the subset of elements SURFACE to define the PLANE CYLINDER or CONE used to intersect with the elements Locations may be specified on the section for calculation of stresses SECTION to allocate a number to the section for storage of envelopes and to define locations along or around the section at which envelopes are required Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 4 6 Concrete Envelope User Manual Data Preparation The following optional commands may also be used in the definition of sections ORIGIN to define the origin of a surface DATUM to define the datum relative to which locations for enveloping are required Figure 4 10 1 illustrates the full definition of a PLANE surface and shows how the datum command is used in this case to define the axis of the through thickness direction and to provide a datum relative to which locations along the section are defined by locl loc2 etc The following procedure is adopted to defin
53. e accuracy of the enveloping and is under the control of the user Because of symmetry there is an enveloping time advantage to having an even number of sectors Figure 2 7 2 shows an Argand diagram subdivided into 8 phase sectors Each phase sector is now considered in turn IFTA load cases are included in the envelope for a given sector only if their projection on the centre line of that sector is positive for a maximum envelope and negative for a minimum envelope Figure 2 7 2 shows the inclusion process for six IFTA load cases which are being combined to form a maximum envelope Each of the eight sectors of the Argand diagram is considered independently Those load cases shown extend the maximum envelope the others contribute to the minimum envelope It is here that symmetry can be used to reduce the amount of computation If the number of phase sectors is even the maximum envelope of IFTA loads in one sector corresponds to the minimum envelope in the opposite sector CONCRETE ENVELOPE takes advantage of this to reduce computation time CONCRETE ENVELOPE treats CHOOse instructions in a similar sector by sector fashion All items in the CHOOse list are projected onto the sector centre line and a number of cases chosen between the upper and lower limits specified in the instruction so that a true maximum or minimum envelope is obtained Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates
54. e are less than minnum cases that extend the envelope then minnum cases must still be chosen Note that this may force the selection of cases that actually reduce the envelope If this is the case the cases that reduce the envelope least will be chosen and such cases will be multiplied by their minimum ultimate factor to reduce the envelope by the minimum amount see Section 2 6 Up to twenty characters of text may be input at the end of the line as an aid to describing the data Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 6 2 Concrete Envelope Command Syntax Example Description User Manual Inclusion Data Commands COMBINED COMBINED COMBINED The COMBINED command acts as a header to the combined dynamic and static sub deck of the inclusion data The use of the combined sub deck is described in Section 2 8 of this guide The COMBINED sub deck must follow both the STATIC and DYNAMIC sub decks This command must always be present even if no combined inclusion lines are specified The only command types allowed in the COMBINED section are CHOO DEFI FINI LOAD WITH USE Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 6 3 Concrete Envelope User Manual Inclusion Data Commands Command DEFI Syntax DEFI S D S U B envelope text Example DEFI S B SUB ENVELOPE 3 Description The DEF
55. e executable is specified the batch file assumes that the executable is located in the default installation directory C Program Files ANSYS Inc vvvv asas bin win32 where vvvv is the version number or that the directory is included in the path See the ANSYS Installation Guide for more details ECHO OFF ECHO ECHO Running CONCRETE ENVELOPE ECHO ECHO Data file 1 DAT ECHO Results file 1 LIS IF S2A A GOTO NOPLOT ECHO Plot file stem 22 ECHO CEAS GOTO END NOPLOT ECHO CEAS 1 1 LIS END ECHO oe 2 oe lw Lu I oe Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 3 2 Concrete Envelope User Manual Running the Program ECHO Problem Complete ECHO ECHO ON If this file were called ENVELOPE BAT and were located on the path then a run using EXAMPLE DAT as input would be started as follows gt ENVELOPE EXAMPLE If plots were required called PLOTOOO1 PLT etc then the command format would be simply changed to ENVELOPE EXAMPLE PLOT Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 3 3 Concrete Envelope User Manual Data Preparation 4 4 1 4 2 DATA PREPARATION INTRODUCTION Input data for the CONCRETE ENVELOPE program can conveniently be subdivided into two types CONTROL DATA used to control the execution of the pr
56. e these locations the PLANE is defined by its normal vector and origin FS the SECTION is defined by the intersection of the surface and the subset of elements the datum vector is projected into the PLANE and defines the local surface Z axis the surface Y axis is in the direction of the normal vector the surface X axis forms a right handed system with Y and Z the locations for enveloping are identified by the values given on the SECTION command For a PLANE X co ordinates in millimetres are expected the location axes at each location for a PLANE are identical to the surface axes Similar methods are used to define the locations to be enveloped for CYLINDER and CONE surfaces as illustrated by Figures 4 10 2 and 4 10 3 but the through thickness directions are taken to be axial and radial from the origin respectively The following revised procedure is used the surface is defined by the centroidal axis origin and a surface value For a cylinder the value is a radius in millimetres and for a cone an angle to the axis is required the section is defined as the intersection between the subset of elements and the cylinder or cone the datum vector and axis together define a datum plane the surface Y axis is in the axial direction the surface Z axis is also in the datum plane towards the datum vector Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidia
57. ed after the program name as a single command on all machine types e g program name fuel file2 File names on the command line must be specified in the following order 1 data file name and location 2 output file name and location 3 plot file stem The data file name must always be specified although it need not be given an extension if it is dat or DAT on machines that are not case specific or require upper case Other file names are optional If not given the last specified file name on the command line is used as a basis with a new extension defined by the program The following default extensions are given to file types output files are out or OUT plot files should never be given an extension as the stem is suffixed with nnnn plt or nnnn PLT where nnnn is a sequential number starting at 0001 The default plot stem is plot Examples of the use of the command line will follow for specific platforms operating systems Existing output and plot files of the names specified are always deleted by the program at the start of execution A suitable message is given but the user should ensure that required results are not lost in this way CHANGED INPUT STREAMS All CONCRETE programs feature a CHANGE INPUT STREAM command that allows data input to be redirected to another input file on another unit or stream This is achieved by specifying in the data the unit number and file name to be used for fu
58. ed in the programs The User Manuals describe input data formats and the Application Manual includes instructions to new users and examples of program use The CONCRETE suite can interface with FE analysis programs currently ASAS and SESAM Both CONCRETE ENVELOPE and CONCRETE CHECK can be configured to run with any one of these programs CONCRETE CHECK can also be set up to run in stand alone mode only Details of the interface to FE systems for which this version of the program is available may be found in an appendix at the end of this manual When in use as an FE system post processor the CONCRETE programs can be configured to process FE models analysed using either shell or solid elements or both The availability of these options on a particular site will depend on the licence arrangements The user should ensure that the program is capable of handling the required modelling before proceeding further For versions capable of handling only shell element models all references to solid elements should be ignored and the following commands are not available DATUM ORIGIN RECTANGULAR AXES SECTION SURFACE STRESS INTEGRATION For versions capable of handling only solid element models all references to shell elements should be ignored and the following commands are not available CLEAR SELECT PANEL SELECT Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 1 2 Concrete Envelope
59. efer to the CLEAR SELECT command for more details Apart from CLEAR SELECT command node selection is cancelled by the SECTION and PANEL commands which allow other methods of selection Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 5 33 Concrete Envelope Command Syntax Example Description User Manual SET SET Set SET 12 Control Data Commands The SET command allows the selection of sets or groups that have been defined in the FE analysis to contain all elements that represent the structural region under consideration There is no default for a SET command and at least one must be present in each run The command is synonymous with GROUP Either command may be used The set specified should contain all shell or solid elements needed to define the panel or section required to be scanned The command must be present even if just a single node or location is to be processed Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 5 34 Concrete Envelope User Manual Control Data Commands Command STOP Syntax STOP Description The STOP command is synonymous with END and immediately terminates the current run Any further commands in the data file are ignored all files are closed and control is returned to the operating system Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its sub
60. elope User Manual Program Description 2 4 a more elegant way of handling crane moments would be to treat them as dynamic loads M at 0 phase My at 90 phase and allow the program to determine the phase angle giving maximum envelope extension see Section 2 7 Details of the data formats for all inclusion commands are given in Section 6 0 of this guide One useful facility of the program is the ability to be able to enter inclusion data for multiple runs into a separate file and reference this file from each run Note that CONCRETE CHECK requires that prestress cases should be kept separate from all other load cases CONCRETE ENVELOPE therefore requires these to be set up as a separate envelope This envelope should simply INClude prestress cases Only the serviceability envelope need be created as this alone will be accessed by CONCRETE CHECK for these prestress cases SELECTION AND SCANNING OF MODEL LOCATIONS CONCRETE ENVELOPE allows three methods of selecting locations around the FE model for enveloping and subsequent code checking in CONCRETE CHECK for concrete structures modelled using shell elements the user may simply identify individual locations by node number optionally for structures modelled using shell elements a far more powerful facility exists whereby the program can automatically select and classify all or a selection of nodes that exist across a panel the panel being defined as a subset of the she
61. ely If omitted from the LIMITS instruction zmax and zmin return to these defaults It should be noted that the CONE surface definition never permits negative element intersections irrespective of the value of zmin This prevents intersection with diametrically opposing faces of a cylinder for example The intent of this command is to prevent unwanted elements from being included in the stress integration calculations It is often desirable to group together elements solely to prevent nodal averaging across discontinuities Several parallel walls for example may be put into the same group for convenience Without the LIMITS command a given section location may well intersect all such walls Specifying LIMITS permits element intersections from each wall to be selected in turn as follows ORIGIN position SURFACE definition DATUM direction Set LIMITS for first wall LIMITS 900 0 1100 0 DO CHECKS Set LIMITS for second wall LIMITS 5900 0 6100 0 DO CHECKS Further walls as required Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 5 18 Concrete Envelope User Manual Control Data Commands THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY BLANK Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 5 19 Concrete Envelope Command Syntax Examples Description User Manual Control Data Commands LIST INCLUSION DATA
62. ffects the interpretation of the phase information input for dynamic load cases in the inclusion data file If phase lead is positive then positive phase angles will indicate that the load case leads by the specified angle Section 4 12 gives a full description of the way in which phase information for harmonic dynamic loading is handled by the PANEL suite Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 5 27 Concrete Envelope User Manual Control Data Commands Command PLOT Syntax 3 PLOT load CLEAR title Examples PLOT NXZ XZ SHEAR AROUND SECTION 3 PLOT CLEAR Description The PLOT command causes CONCRETE ENVELOPE to produce a plot file showing the distribution of a given load type around a SECTION The instruction is therefore only valid for solid element structures for which sections are defined PLOT commands are cumulative and are only executed after a successful DO CHECKS instruction The load parameter may be any of the enveloped load components NX NY NXY MX MY MXY NXZ NYZ or CLEAR If a load component is given an optional title may be specified If the CLEAR keyword is given all previous PLOT requests are cleared ready for new PLOT items to be set up All plot data is written on unit 53 assigned to a series of files via the command line See Section 3 0 for details of how this is achieved The files can subsequently be accessed by the utility plot program
63. he data Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 5 42 Concrete Envelope User Manual Inclusion Data Commands 6 INCLUSION DATA COMMANDS 6 1 INTRODUCTION The following pages describe the commands available within an inclusion data deck for CONCRETE ENVELOPE Commands are presented on individual pages in alphabetical order The same convention is used for syntax as was used for control data namely keywords are presented in capital letters other text numerical data is represented by lower case words optional data is enclosed in brackets V choices of keywords or data are separated by slashes xs lists of data are indicated thus The logic of the repetition list is often self explanatory but may be augmented in the command description A summary of the commands available is presented in Appendix B The summary is useful to remind experienced users of the instruction formats Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 6 1 Concrete Envelope User Manual Inclusion Data Commands Command CHOO Syntax CHOO S D S U B minnum maxnum text Examples CHOO S U 0 10 CHOOSE 0 TO 10 CHOO DS 1 1 CHOOSE ONLY 1 Description The CHOOse command is used to specify a choice or selection of a certain number of the following inclusion data lines as part of the envelope The l
64. he user 7 optionally scans regions of the structure panels or sections to determine their geometry and to select locations to be enveloped by their position within the structure CONCRETE ENVELOPE may then produce envelopes of load automatically for all or a sample of the locations identified within the region This allows CONCRETE CHECK data to be generated with a minimum of user input optionally produces overall envelopes of load for all locations of a certain type in a region This allows rapid first pass checking of large areas of the structure 7 optionally produces global envelopes over one or more regions to allow first pass checking of even larger parts of the structure stores all such envelopes to file for subsequent code checking or plotting via CONCRETE CHECK or CONCRETE PLOT handles dynamic loads alone or in combination with static loading and produces envelopes that allow correctly for individual load phases maintains separate ultimate and characteristic envelopes for strength and serviceability code checking Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 1 1 Concrete Envelope User Manual Introduction This guide should be read in conjunction with the CONCRETE suite Theoretical Manual the User Manuals for CONCRETE CHECK and CONCRETE PLOT and the CONCRETE Application Manual The former provides details of the theory methodology and equations us
65. hus The logic of the repetition list is often self explanatory but may be augmented in the command description A summary of the commands available is presented in Appendix A The summary is useful to remind experienced users of the instruction formats Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 5 1 Concrete Envelope User Manual Control Data Commands Command BEGIN ENVELOPE Syntax BEGIN ENVELOPE number title Example BEGIN ENVELOPE 1 ENVELOPE OVER SETS 3 AND 4 Description The BEGIN ENVELOPE command starts the creation of a global envelope i e an envelope over several different sections or over several different sets of elements Global envelopes are in addition to the individual and class envelopes that are normally created An envelope number must be given and an optional title may be associated with the envelope While global envelopes are active any DO CHECKS instructions will cause the envelopes to be extended by the new class envelopes created A FINISH ENVELOPE command is available to end this overall enveloping and to print the latest envelopes Intermediate printing may be achieved via the PRINT ENVELOPE instruction Overall envelopes will be stored when a WRITE command is issued The envelope number may be used to identify and recall this stored envelope in CONCRETE CHECK An envelope will be stored for each of the four nodal classes An o
66. iaries and affiliates Sample Output III III PI T EEE PEER f p pl ll EERE f p c p EERE EEEEEE E P P C c c S8L9SPEZT ZAN S8L9SPEZT ZAN I a XYH ZAN SL9SPEZT ZXN BL9SPEZT ZXN 8L9SPTEZT KH SLISPEZT AXH SL9SPEZT AW S8L9SPEZT AW S8LS9SPEZT XH 8LS8SPEZT XH S8L9SPEZT AXN SLISPEZT 8L9SPEZT AN 8LS8SPEZT AN 8LS9SPEZT XN 8LS9SPEZT XN N a X H XN WO IL23S qui NOIILISJSI T HO IL233S TOT NOILO3S Sd O THANG TOT NOILa LuYH2J NOI 35 TIZ3NIGSNHOJ Tas J3INHNVYNAG OF SYJ d OT n TINI OF 3SYJ TvOT A TINI OL XSYJ qYOT N TINI IIIS JILIYLS SATINI 4Y O0T ENVELOPE INCLUSION CHART C 5 III IP Tl P 77 p c T ll p c EEE SPEER BEEBE c PL EEE pcc C c LII 5 XAXu HLIS TINI 2JILYIS E W3SHON TION SSYT T ad0 THAN T 300 oO SSSIDIJIHL ST dnos Las ZZ 3O9Wd HLIM VLII HATH JILYLS LSAL Xl1VId LSAL XIdHIS Sd0TSANS XL3HONOJ SYSY 68 S3I t 0S 9T WAY S T 340 T3ANS NO2J Concrete Envelope User Manual FIGURE C 2 2 Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates Sample Output Concrete Envelope User Manual OST HLONTT 808L AMA E LINN OL NALLIYM TOITA Nd0TSANS XXXV EPP P REE PEPE BYP PP PP NN PPP P BBP PPBBBPP PPP BPPPsPPssPPsP PP PPPPPPPBsPsPsPsPPs4BsPP PsP PBsPPsPPPRPPPPPsssBsPsPs4sssYPssPs4sssPs PsP s4ssP Mss s4s4ssss 4s syse sy yyy yy
67. ibes the CONCRETE ENVELOPE program only LOAD CASE SELECTION METHODS Conventional load case selection is performed by creating load combinations selected so as to produce critical stresses in specific locations in the structure Many such combinations may be required to produce critical stresses in all required locations under all possible combinations of load It is usually necessary to apply engineering logic to the selection of load combinations so as to reduce the number of cases required Figure 2 2 1 A illustrates this approach for a simple continuous beam CONCRETE ENVELOPE can be used to produce load combinations as above by simply combining load cases together within an envelope Each combination is created as an envelope of load but with identical maximum and minimum values at each location However a far more powerful facility exists which allows true envelopes of load to be created by selecting or discarding individual load cases depending on their effect on each stress component at a given location in the structure Figure 2 2 1 B illustrates this method applied to the same example as above For each selected location along the beam and for each stress component at that location CONCRETE ENVELOPE will select from the user defined set of load cases only those required to produce both maximum and minimum values of stress and will calculate and store these extreme values Code checking in CONCRETE CHECK using selected combin
68. ils The inclusion data must have the following layout ENVELOPE number title STATIC static inclusion instructions DYNAMIC dynamic inclusion instructions COMBINED combined inclusion instructions END Each sub deck STATIC DYNAMIC COMBINED contains inclusion data commands appropriate to that load type Refer to Sections 2 6 to 2 8 for the Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 4 8 Concrete Envelope User Manual Data Preparation 4 12 significance of each sub deck Unlike control data instructions inclusion data commands must not be abbreviated in any way Once the END command is encountered the complete deck is checked for consistency listed if LIST INCLUSION DATA has been set and control is returned to the control data deck Each inclusion data deck defines a single envelope formulation per node or location checked by the control data Subsequent inclusion data decks may define further envelopes for these nodes or locations and will overwrite previous decks LOAD CASE IDENTIFICATION The IFTA INCL LOAD REVE and WITH inclusion data commands all require that a case parameter be specified to identify specific load cases to be combined and selected to form envelopes This numeric case parameter is used to identify load cases in the original FE analysis Static load cases are always identified by a single load case identifier
69. ince ASAS LOCO produces identically formatted files to ASAS either can be used as required The appropriate physical files from the ASAS or ASAS LOCO and ASAS POST runs must be present on disc for CONCRETE ENVELOPE to run To produce these files the programs should have been run with appropriate SAVE options In all cases there should be the Project File which contains information about all other files in the current set of analyses The name of this file is derived from the four character Project Name defined on all JOB cards in the runs For example if the project name is PRDH then the Project File will be PRDHIO For an ASAS or ASAS LOCO analysis with a SAVE LOCO FILES command or equivalent in its preliminary deck there will be a physical file containing the stress and displacement information from that analysis For a single step analysis the physical file name will be derived from the second four character name on the JOB card of the ASAS or Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates E 3 Concrete Envelope User Manual ASAS FE Interface ASAS LOCO preliminary deck or from the FILES command For example if this name had been RNDH then the backing file containing stresses and displacements would be RNDH35 For a post processing run on a substructured analysis the file name for the results is derived from the second four character name on the JOB card of the relevant st
70. information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 5 40 Concrete Envelope User Manual Control Data Commands Command SYMBOL VALUE Syntax SYMBOL V ALUE symbol value Example SYMBOL V ALUE Key 1 23 Description The SYMBOL VALUE command is used to allocate or reallocate values to symbols set up by NEW SYMBOL and used by KEY FIELDS to define part or all of the keyed filing system The value assigned to a symbol should be within the range specified for that field via the KEY RANGES instruction The following reserved symbols are automatically updated by the program and should not be assigned values by SYMBOL VALUE NODE LOCATION GROUP SET CLASS SECTION ENVELOPE Section 4 9 gives a full description of the CONCRETE ENVELOPE keyed filing system Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 5 41 Concrete Envelope User Manual Control Data Commands Command WRITE Syntax WRITE ON OFF Examples WRITE WRITE OFF Description The WRITE command may be used to enable and disable storage of envelopes on the database for subsequent access by CONCRETE CHECK CONCRETE PLOT or other programs user provided By default storage of envelopes is disabled at program start up WRITE or WRITE ON enables storage of envelopes for subsequent DO CHECKS instructions WRITE OFF disables this storage again Storage may be switched on and off as required through t
71. ing the inclusion data in this inclusion deck The ENVELOPE instruction should be the first command of the inclusion data deck The envelope number will be used in storage of the envelope values and should be unique across different inclusion data decks The envelope title is optional and if given may be up to forty characters long This command should not be confused with the control data command ENVELOPE which occurs outside the READ INCLUSION DATA to turn enveloping on or off Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 6 7 Concrete Envelope User Manual Inclusion Data Commands Command FINI Syntax FINI envelope text Example FINI 2 FINISH 2 Description The FINIsh command is used to end the definition of a sub envelope that may subsequently be USEd in a CHOOse list Sub envelope definitions may only occur in the STATIC and DYNAMIC sub decks Definition of the sub envelope should previously have been started using the DEFIne command Definition of a sub envelope may not straddle sub decks within the inclusion data but may contain any valid inclusion data except FINI DEFI and USE The envelope number is the number of the sub envelope being defined A maximum of 100 sub envelopes may currently be defined This number should correspond to that given on the last DEFIne card Up to twenty characters of text may be input at the end of the line as an aid to descri
72. ioter qii ert canis taedio toyota ensi cud pus ento p Lus Nadu Eod B2 GBNERAL INSTRUCTIONS ienien cresta Tene E B 3 DIRECT LOAD CASE INCLUSION ussite eee peruenire daa B4 SELECTED LOAD CASE INCEL SEOIN oiseau eaa eoe Rer B S B ENVELOPECREXTION 4 der ites REVUE ERE Tor brnt RIED edt ven B COMBINATION INCLUSION tee etse trt ea see eei nt re I DRE Appendix G Sample OUtput 65e e a N E pa dli latus dee Cl DATA ECHO AND PRINTING eed etf mederi nds Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates Concrete Envelope User Manual Table of Contents C2 ENVELOPE OUTPUT ien hnti enint oic t e ood Na loei dd esee C 1 C3 GRAPHIC OUTPUT ae ea e ees Mane eae E E eae als C 2 Appendix D SESAM FE Interfaces iie isi acca tas DI Le obi Dee Odeon estat E Mod pede D 9 DA NTEODUCODIQUI S see ies tattle rana aeie AES Dc E Cd opc od D 9 D2 AVAILABLE ELEMENT TYPES iiri ieri ee ord tette ee D 9 D3 STRESS EXTRACTION tcc ieee ce im era Mese nas hae ee D 9 D4 PRELIMINARY DECK iet bed ies ite tis o etch ted tach opti deditus D 10 D S FILE HANDLING a eniin re et rete bo edicere eub Ue eei desi i ce bora Re D 11 Appendix c E ASAS FE Intetfaeg coo OUR MbO Uesso DEED DUI Meta Dette edi E 1 E Ic INTRODUGTTION iiiotecsiitaveleo poete tope talus Fatedebup tutt ee meee E 1 E2 AVAILABLE ELEMENT FY PES idee crepitus erac estas aee esie E 1 E3 OSERBSSIADRACLION etes iter estu es
73. is always the initial input stream Some computers and FE Systems place restrictions on the stream numbers that are available to the user Refer to Section 3 3 and the appropriate appendix Streams 6 51 and 53 are always reserved for use by CONCRETE ENVELOPE The file parameter may be used to directly specify a filename up to eighty characters long For some operating systems external assignments may also be possible via the command file for the program Details will be made available if appropriate In all cases the filename which may include a directory structure should follow the syntax required for the operating system Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 5 3 Concrete Envelope User Manual Control Data Commands Command CHART Syntax CHART NONE OFF ON ONA Examples CHART NONE CHART OFF CHART CHART ONA Description The CHART command controls the level of output from the CONCRETE ENVELOPE program and may take the following arguments NONE produces no output per location but prints a table of envelope values for each class OFF only final numerical envelopes are printed per location and class This option produces one page of output per location and one page per class ON in addition to the numerical envelope values the program also produces a list of load case selections showing how each envelope is formed Only load cases selected for
74. ist of following commands may only include LOAD USE and WITH commands all others are invalid in this context and will cause the CHOOse list to be terminated The first following command must be a LOAD command and there is currently a list length limit of fifty commands The S D Static Dynamic flag must be consistent with the sub deck being defined Either S or D is allowed in the COMBINED section The S U B Service Ultimate Both flag defines the type of envelope that will be extended by this command The B flag is not permitted in the COMBINED sub deck but may be simulated by extending the service and ultimate envelopes separately The minnum and maxnum parameters define the minimum and maximum numbers of following load cases that will be selected to add to the envelope No less than minnum and no more than maxnum of the following cases will be used for each load for each location The following restrictions apply minnum may not be less than zero maxnum may not be less than minnum maxnum may not be greater than the number of following load cases LOAD or USE commands The worst of the following cases are always chosen in the sense of those cases that extend the envelope furthest If there are more than maxnum cases that extend the envelope only the worst maxnum cases will be chosen If there are between minnum and maxnum cases that extend the envelope then all such cases will be chosen If ther
75. l the number of input data or execution errors that are allowed before further efforts to process input data are abandoned By default the maximum number of errors is set to 20 This command allows input data with errors to be processed up to an acceptable level of error before input is terminated It does not control enveloping If there are any input or execution errors when a DO CHECKS instruction is encountered enveloping of results will be abandoned but further input data will subsequently be processed up to the maximum error count Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 5 22 Concrete Envelope User Manual Control Data Commands Command NEW SYMBOL Syntax NEW SYMBOL symbol value Example NEW SYMBOL KEY1 NEW SYMBOL KEY 31 Description The NEW SYMBOL command is used to create symbols for use in the KEY FIELDS instruction to define the keyed filing system Numerical values may optionally be defined by this command or by the SYMBOL VALUE instruction The default value for a symbol is Zero The following symbols are reserved and should not be used NODE LOCATION GROUP SET CLASS SECTION ENVELOPE Apart from the reserved symbols the NEW SYMBOL command must be used to define a symbol before it can be referenced by a KEY FIELDS instruction or assigned a value by SYMBOL V ALUE Section 4 9 contains a full description of the CONCRETE ENVELOPE keyed filing syste
76. les Envelope 1 Calm Sea Envelope 2 Operating Wave Envelope 3 Storm Wave Each line of an inclusion table contains an instruction which defines how a particular load case from the FE analysis is to be included in the envelope and provides factors to apply to this load case for strength and serviceability analysis Basic load case inclusion table entries are as follows INCL always include this load case whether it extends or reduces the current envelope REVE this load case is reversible Include it in either direction to extend both maximum and minimum values IFTA include this load case only if it extends the envelope CHOO choose a user specified range of cases from the following list of cases LOAD loadcase in a CHOO list Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 2 3 Concrete Envelope User Manual Program Description WITH combine this load case with the one above and follow its inclusion logic There is also a facility to define sub envelopes The following commands relate to this DEFI Start the creation of a sub envelope FINI end the creation of a sub envelope USE use a sub envelope USE may be placed in a CHOOse list to force the program to use previously created sub envelopes This option provides very powerful multi level load case selection Sub envelopes may also be used to transfer inclusion lists between service and ultimate
77. liates under a software license agreement that contains provisions concerning non disclosure copying length and nature of use compliance with exporting laws warranties disclaimers limitations of liability and remedies and other provisions The software products and documentation may be used disclosed transferred or copied only in accordance with the terms and conditions of that software license agreement ANSYS Inc is certified to ISO 9001 2008 U S Government Rights For U S Government users except as specifically granted by the ANSYS Inc software license agreement the use duplication or disclosure by the United States Government is subject to restrictions stated in the ANSYS Inc software license agreement and FAR 12 212 for non DOD licenses Third Party Software The products described in this document contain the following licensed software that requires reproduction of the following notices Formula One is a trademark of Visual Components Inc The product contains Formula One from Visual Components Inc Copyright 1994 1995 All rights reserved See the legal information in the product help files for the complete Legal Notice for ANSYS proprietary software and third party software If you are unable to access the Legal Notice please contact ANSYS Inc Published in the U S A Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates Concrete Envelope User Manual
78. ll elements for structures modelled using solid elements CONCRETE ENVELOPE requires a geometric definition for locations to be checked in the structure Either single locations or entire sections may be identified by intersecting a surface with a given subset of the solid elements This method allows through thickness direction and section axes to be defined with the minimum of input data All locations for code checking within the CONCRETE suite should be allocated a class to define the position of this inspection point Four classes are currently valid Class 1 Panel Corners Class2 Panel Edges Class3 All Other Internal Panel Points Class 4 Section Locations The class of a node is used by CONCRETE CHECK to control whether a check is to be performed If CONCRETE ENVELOPE is being used to check individual user specified locations across a structure the user is responsible for defining the class of these locations The other two selecting methods will automatically classify locations Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 2 5 Concrete Envelope User Manual Program Description 2 5 The more powerful methods used for selecting large areas of the structure are further described below ES the PANEL SAMPLE and PANEL SWEEP facilities apply to structures modelled using shell elements to represent the concrete The user can specify a set of shell elements
79. ly Refer to Section 4 12 for details of the specification of the load case and phase angle parameters The factor parameter is a basic multiplying factor which is always applied to the load case for both serviceability and ultimate envelopes The minpsf and maxpsf parameters are minimum and maximum partial safety factors for load applied to the ultimate envelope only The minimum psf is used when the load case must be included even though it reduces the envelope The maximum psf is used when the envelope is extended Up to twenty characters of text may be input at the end of the line as an aid to describing the data Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 6 10 Concrete Envelope User Manual Inclusion Data Commands Command LOAD Syntax LOAD S D S U B case factor maxpsf minpsf phase text Examples LOAD S U 21 1 20 0 90 1 50 0 00 STATIC CASE LOAD D S 100021 1 00 1 00 1 50 90 00 DYNAMIC Description The LOAD command is only used after a CHOOse command to specify load cases which form a CHOOse list Refer to the CHOOse command for details of this form of selection The S D Static Dynamic flag must be consistent with the sub deck being defined Either S or D are allowed in the COMBINED section The STUB Service Ultimate Both flag defines the type of envelope that will be extended by this command The B flag is not permitted in the COMBINED
80. m Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 5 23 Concrete Envelope User Manual Control Data Commands Command NUMBER OF PHASES Syntax NUMBER OF PHASES sectors Example NUMBER OF PHASES 4 Description The NUMBER OF PHASES command allows the selection of the number of sectors on an Argand diagram within which enveloping of dynamic load cases will occur The number of phases may be an even integer value between two and eight with eight being the default if this card is not specified The number of phases will affect the accuracy and duration of the enveloping of dynamic and combined envelopes Odd values are not used as the dynamic enveloping process is more efficient when symmetry of the Argand diagram may be assumed Section 2 7 describes the use of phase sectors for enveloping of dynamic results and Section 2 9 gives some idea of the relative accuracy of different numbers of phase segments Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 5 24 Concrete Envelope User Manual Control Data Commands Command ORIGIN Syntax ORIGIN x y z Example ORIGIN 3 0 3 0 10 0 Description The ORIGIN command defines the origin of a surface used to locate a section The command is therefore currently only available for structures modelled using solid elements By default the origin of any surface is 0 0 0 0
81. mbrane loads per unit width in each stress direction Nxy membrane shear flow in the slab Mx My moments per unit width causing stresses in the X and Y directions Mxy twisting moment per unit width Nxz Nyz out of plane shear forces per unit width Storing this data as loads per unit width instead of stresses effectively converts the problem into a load path analysis For example loads per unit width are independent of analysed section depth A revised section depth can therefore simply be substituted and checked within CONCRETE CHECK and the resulting stresses will be calculated automatically If stress data were used then the program would need to know the original section depth to perform a reanalysis The elements used in the analysis are assumed to be homogeneous so that the above load components can simply be derived from the shell element or solid element nodal stresses For shell elements this is a simple matter of taking extrapolated averaged nodal stresses in each of the FE system axes and converting them by multiplying by thickness into the above load components A more complex approach is required for solid models involving interpolation of stresses to the section and location required and integration of the forces through the slab depth Details of both methods may be found in the Theoretical Manual ENVELOPES OF STATIC LOAD For a simple static envelope each inclusion line is processed in turn and envelopes are cre
82. model maximum number of DEFIned subenvelopes maximum number of phase sectors maximum number of words on instruction line maximum number of elements in a group maximum number of nodes in a group maximum number of nodes of a given class x maximum common elements at a node maximum fields in a key maximum key symbols The following limits apply to solid element models maximum number of locations on section maximum number of stress points at location maximum number of intersected elements maximum number of nodes on these elements The following limits apply to plate element models maximum number of boundary edge nodes maximum number of corner nodes PC 1000 1000 100 250 100 30 1000 2000 1500 16 10 20 100 100 50 100 200 20 Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates Others 1500 1000 100 500 100 8 30 2500 5000 2000 16 10 20 100 100 100 200 200 20 Concrete Envelope User Manual Program Description BACKING FILES FROM FE SYSTEM GEOMETRIC amp STRESS DATA CONCRETE ENVELOPE ENVELOPE BACKING FILE CONCRETE CHECK ENVELOPE OUTPUT RESULTS OUTPUT FIGURE 2 1 1 USE OF THE CONCRETE PROGRAMS Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 2 12 Concrete Envelope
83. n is the default and may be returned to by RECTANGULAR AXES OFF The latter option is selected by specifying a vector direction which when projected onto the surface being defined fixes the orientation of the X direction stresses and loads The procedure for this is as follows n loads per unit width are calculated at the location required in accordance with Section 4 10 These loads are designated Nx Ny Nxy Mx My Mxy N Nxz and Nz They correspond to the location axes X Y and Z the reference vector given on the RECTANGULAR AXES command is projected into the plane of the slab at this location and forms the axis X An error results if the reference vector is parallel to Z the through thickness axis a right handed cartesian system is created using X Z and defining Y Z is identical to Z the load components are reorientated from X Y Z to the new system X Y Z prior to calculation of envelopes and subsequent storage The above approach is most useful for sections that have been defined using cylindrical or conic surfaces yet where the reinforcement pattern is rectangular Use of RECTANGULAR AXES allows the stresses to be converted to this reinforcement pattern prior to use If this were not done reinforcement would have to be reorientated for each location checked around the section Refer to Section 4 10 for more details Contains proprietary and confidential inform
84. ncrete checks however all components of stress interact to form a single code check which may therefore result from combinations of stresses which cannot occur at the same time This problem is always present when enveloping load components but is acceptable because of the considerable saving in cost against code checking every load combination in turn Furthermore the user always has the option of using CONCRETE ENVELOPE to produce simple combinations of load or envelopes of reduced complexity to recheck areas which fail the original conservative checks The enveloping procedure may therefore be considered to be a first pass approach used to eliminate locations and regions of the structure that are not critical Locations failing these preliminary checks may then be assessed in more detail This multi level checking procedure is generally much more efficient in time and computer cost LOAD CASE INCLUSION TABLES At the heart of the CONCRETE ENVELOPE program are the load case inclusion tables which define the logic by which individual FE analysis load cases are combined to form envelopes of load for individual locations in the model Each inclusion table generates one envelope of load for each load component for each location selected A number and title for these envelopes may be associated with each table of inclusion data For example for an offshore structure the following three envelopes may be generated using three separate inclusion tab
85. neral the more sectors selected the greater the accuracy and cost As an aid to selecting the minimum number of sectors to choose to envelope a given load the following notes may prove helpful The program is at present set up to handle two four six and eight sectors Mathematically the maximum error of the enveloping procedure for N sectors is given by Maximum Error 100 100 x Cos 360 2N For the range of sectors considered No of Sectors Maximum Error 2 Infinite 4 29 6 13 8 8 However the method appears to be much more accurate in practice than these figures suggest due to scatter of individual load case phases Trials on locations selected to be likely to produce inaccuracy showed that using two sectors gave good results with a maximum error of under 20 Using four sectors gave results that were very nearly the same as the eight sector values It is therefore recommended that four sectors are used However the default value is set at eight sectors Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 2 10 Concrete Envelope User Manual 2 10 PROGRAM LIMITATIONS Program Description The following limitations are set within CONCRETE ENVELOPE Slightly smaller limits apply to the program when in use on a PC maximum number of inclusion instructions maximum number of stored lines maximum LOADs in a CHOOse list maximum loadcases in
86. ntial information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 4 5 Concrete Envelope User Manual Data Preparation It is clear therefore that there is one unique key value for each combination of the values of the symbols as long as each value stays within the specified range The following should be noted once a keying system is defined it may not be changed without the risk of overwriting previously stored envelopes so care should be taken to ensure that the keying system is correctly defined at the start particularly that the ranges are large enough for all eventualities the keying system should therefore generally be the same between different CONCRETE ENVELOPE runs on the same structure the reserved symbols are of great use in setting keys for all nodes across a set all sets etc and should be included in the key definition where possible The above example is a very simple use of this the user defined symbols allow other parameters to be used to govern keys such as load case number superelement number etc the key system defined in CONCRETE ENVELOPE should generally be the same as that defined in CONCRETE CHECK or CONCRETE PLOT to allow the required envelopes to be recovered by using the same key calculation however it is possible to change key structures as long as care is taken In particular it is possible to use a single field key to allow a key to be defined directly via th
87. nvelope and to store it on backing file if WRITE ON has been specified The CHART NONE command will disable the printing Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 5 14 Concrete Envelope Command Syntax Examples Description User Manual GROUP GROUP set GROUP 12 Control Data Commands The GROUP command allows the selection of sets or groups that have been defined in the FE analysis to contain all elements that represent the structural region under consideration There is no default for a GROUP command and at least one must be present in each run The command is synonymous with SET Either may be used The set specified should contain all shell or solid elements needed to define the panel or section required to be scanned The command must be present even if a single node or location is to be processed Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 5 15 Concrete Envelope User Manual Control Data Commands Command KEY FIELDS Syntax KEY FIELDS key 1 key2 keyn Examples KEY FIELDS KEY 1 KEY FIELDS ENVEL GROUP NODE Description The KEY FIELDS instruction allows the definition of an index system for filing of envelope results Up to fifteen KEY FIELDS may be defined These fields may be previously defined symbols via NEW SYMBOL or may be any of the following reserved symbols NODE
88. ogram file handling data values describe the FE model select results etc INCLUSION DATA used to define the logic by which the analysis load cases are combined to form a single envelope Control data is initially read from the file assigned to unit 5 This unit will normally be assigned to a physical file This input may subsequently be redirected to other physical files using a CHANGE INPUT STREAM command Refer to the CHANGE INPUT STREAM command for more details The input data file and any other redirected input files contain consecutive instructions each occupying one or more physical lines in the file Each instruction consists of a keyword and a variable number of parameters Keywords are described in alphabetical order in Section 5 Instructions are executed consecutively but the majority of commands simply set up internal data and perform no enveloping functions Only when a DO CHECKS instruction is encountered are envelopes produced and then only if enveloping has been selected Each use of an instruction overwrites settings created by default or by previous uses of that instruction When a DO CHECKS command is reached the latest settings are used Exceptions to this such as SELECT are so noted in Section 5 0 When a READ INCLUSION DATA command is encountered the program reads in a batch of inclusion data defining a single envelope This envelope will remain current until a further READ INCLUSION DATA command cause
89. or post processing and nodally average stresses in consistent axes for selected load cases The user should refer to the SIF AVERAGE manual for details Section D 3 of this Appendix does however contain details of the required organisation of stresses in the interface file Section D 4 contains details of the preliminary command required for the SESAM version of CONCRETE ENVELOPE Details of the files required for CONCRETE ENVELOPE to run successfully are listed in Section D 5 Further information on the interface with SESAM and examples of use may be found in the CONCRETE Application Manual AVAILABLE ELEMENT TYPES Only the following SESAM elements are currently processed by the CONCRETE suite IHEX Solid Brick Element 20 nodes IPRI gt Solid Prismatic Element 15 nodes LHEX z Solid Brick Element 8 nodes TPRI Solid Prismatic Element 6 nodes ILST SCTS 7 Triangular Shell Elements 6 nodes IQQE SCQS Z Quadrilateral Shell Elements 8 nodes LQUA FQUS S Quadrilateral Shell Elements 4 nodes CSTA FTES z Triangular Shell Elements 3 nodes Other element types may be present in the superelement being processed but are currently ignored STRESS EXTRACTION A Norsam Formatted SESAM Interface File SIN is the required link between SESAM SIF AVERAGE and CONCRETE This should be produced using the PREPOST program using the SET PERMANENT WORKING FILE command when reading the results file produced by SESTRA Con
90. order elements MODERATE stresses are only extracted at intersections with external element faces SIMPLE stresses are only extracted at top and bottom surfaces of the slab where these intersect the required location Section forces Nx Ny Ny Mx My Mxy Mxz My are then evaluated by integrating these stresses across the depth of the section as described in the Theory Manual The accuracy of this integration depends on the option chosen The default accuracy is ACCURATE This provides the most detailed stress integration and should be used in all cases where stresses are expected to vary across the slab or only a few elements have been used to model the through thickness direction A stress accuracy of MODERATE is intended to be used where the slab is represented by many higher order elements across its depth The extra computation involved in calculating mid face stresses is not necessary in this case Note that there is no difference between ACCURATE and MODERATE for cover order elements The SIMPLE option is useful in reducing computation time by considering only the surface stresses This should only be used where the stress distribution across the section is known to be close to linear Note that out of plane shear is rarely linear probably parabolic so this option should be avoided where there is significant out of plane load Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and
91. ore the new selection is added The command should be used when a new group has been selected The action will be to clear the selection of nodes for the previous group and start selection for the new group The following example data file illustrates this CLEAR SELECT 1 1 23 SELECT 2 10 11 12 DO CHECKS Nodes 1 2 3 10 11 12 checked CLEAR SELECT 1 101 102 103 104 SELECT 2 110 111 DO CHECKS Nodes 101 102 103 104 110 111 checked Note that all previous selections of nodes for all classes are cleared by this command not just the selection for the given class Node selection is cancelled by use of the PANEL and SECTION commands which allow alternative methods of selection Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 5 5 Concrete Envelope User Manual Control Data Commands Command CONCRETE DEPTH Syntax CONCRETE DEPTH depth Example CONCRETE DEPTH 600 0 Description The CONCRETE DEPTH instruction allows the user to specify a depth to be associated with class or global envelopes subsequently produced by the program The units of depth should be the same as the units of length used in the FE analysis For envelopes at specific locations the concrete slab depth is always inferred from the FE analysis For models using shell elements this depth is the average element thickness at a given node For models using solid elements the depth is taken
92. ormed There is no interface with any FE system when operating in this mode No plotting of results via CONCRETE PLT is available in this mode CONCRETE CHECK may be used as a direct post processor to the FE system obtaining loads directly from the binary interface file produced by the analysis When operating in this mode the user provides geometry data and selects individual locations and load combinations from the FE analysis for ultimate strength serviceability and fatigue limit state checks CONCRETE CHECK may interface with the FE system via the CONCRETE ENVELOPE program CONCRETE ENVELOPE should be run to scan areas of the structure and identify locations and loads for subsequent checking CONCRETE CHECK may then access the loading stored and perform strength and serviceability checks as required This facility is particularly useful for producing rapid checks on large areas of a structure Figure 2 1 1 shows the latter two modes diagrammatically This figure illustrates the course Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 2 1 Concrete Envelope User Manual Program Description 2 2 of post processing for an FE analysis The use of CONCRETE CHECK in a stand alone mode and for implosion and panel stability checks is not directly illustrated Details of the CONCRETE CHECK and CONCRETE PLOT programs may be found in separate User Manuals The remainder of this manual descr
93. ptional forty character title may be associated with the envelope Global envelopes are identified by having group set and node location numbers of zero The envelope and class numbers are of course non zero Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 5 2 Concrete Envelope User Manual Control Data Commands Command CHANGE INPUT STREAM Syntax 3 CHANGE INPUT STREAM stream file Examples CHANGE INPUT STREAM 55 CHANGE INPUT STREAM 56 reference dat Description When a CHANGE INPUT STREAM command is issued input of data immediately switches to the stream number and file specified as parameters Input starts by default on stream 5 When a CHANGE INPUT STREAM command is encountered input switches to the new file associated with the new stream Input may be returned to the original file with a further CHANGE INPUT STREAM command with no argument given or with a stream number of 5 Processing will recommence at the line after the original CHANGE INPUT STREAM instruction The above procedure allows input from two or more files At least one of these files may be a reference file common to a number of different runs of CONCRETE ENVELOPE The data files for each of these runs will contain a CHANGE INPUT STREAM command to switch input to the reference file which will end with a CHANGE INPUT STREAM command with no argument to return control to the original input file Stream 5
94. r Manual Data Preparation X SURFACE AXES GLOBAL AXES LOCATION AXES CONE SURFACE DEFINED SECTION DATUM PLANE CONE AXIS SUBSET OF T ELEMENTS DATUM VECTOR ood x y z 7 ete LOCATION NUMBERS angi ang2 etc LOCATION VALUES in degrees FIGURE 4 10 3 DEFINITION OF A CONE SECTION Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 4 13 Concrete Envelope User Manual Data Preparation RECTANGULAR REINFORCEMENT CYLINDRICAL SECTION AXES DIFFER FOR EACH LOCATION WITHOUT RECTANGULAR AXES RECTANGULAR AXES VECTOR DIRECTION AXES THE SAME FOR EACH LOCATION WITH RECTANGULAR AXES FIGURE 4 10 4 USE OF RECTANGULAR AXES Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates Concrete Envelope User Manual Control Data Commands 5 CONTROL DATA COMMANDS The following pages describe the commands available within the control data file for CONCRETE ENVELOPE Commands are presented on individual pages in alphabetical order The following convention is used to describe the instruction in the syntax keywords are presented in capital letters other text numerical data is represented by lower case words optional data is enclosed in brackets choices of keywords or data are separated by slashes 1 B lists of data are indicated t
95. ress recovery run If this name has been SRGP then the file would be SRGP35 For an ASAS POST run with a SAVE INTE FILES card in its preliminary deck there will be a physical file containing nodal stress data This file will be based on the four character name given on the JOB card of the ASAS POST data file If the name is ASPO then the file name will be ASPO12 Multiple ASAS POST runs may produce more than one 12 file No ASAS POST files are needed if internal stress averaging is to be used Note that the physical file stem is not needed in the CONCRETE ENVELOPE preliminary deck as the project 10 file contains sufficient information about file names to allow subsequent programs to access any given set of results Obviously the appropriate 10 12 and 35 files must be present on disc for CONCRETE ENVELOPE to run successfully CONCRETE ENVELOPE will produce a 21 file containing envelope results if the analysis has appropriate options set WRITE ON ENVELOPE ON This file will be required for subsequent access by CONCRETE CHECK or CONCRETE PLOT The ASAS system reserves streams 1 to 50 for internal file handling and I O These streams and 51 52 and 53 should not be used for CHANGE INPUT STREAM or READ INCLUSION DATA commands Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates E 4
96. ries and affiliates 4 7 Concrete Envelope User Manual Data Preparation the surface X axis forms a right handed system with Y and Z section locations are measured around Y from the Z axis for the CYLINDER the location Z axis is in the axial direction for the CONE it is radial from the origin to the location the location X axis is measured around the section positive sense the location Y axis forms a right handed system A further reorientation of stresses may be achieved by use of the RECTANGULAR AXES command This optionally allows loads per unit width recovered for solid element models to be orientated to a consistent set of axes before any further processing This is particularly useful for sections defined by cylinder or cone section intersections where the reinforcement pattern is rectangular This is illustrated by Figure 4 10 4 Without RECTANGULAR AXES loads at each location identified would normally be related to different local axes Use of the RECTANGULAR AXES command forces these into a consistent system This allows a much simpler single definition for reinforcement in the CONCRETE CHECK analysis 4 11 DESCRIPTION OF INCLUSION DATA DECK An inclusion data deck is expected when a READ INCLUSION DATA command is encountered in the control data The deck may be present in the control data file or may occupy a separate file on a specified stream Refer to the READINCLUSION DATA command for more deta
97. ription 2 7 for characteristic envelopes 7 5 2 0 for ultimate envelopes 7 5 1 523 0 whereas INCLuding load case 1 and INCLuding load case 2 would give the following for characteristic envelopes 7 5 2 0 as before for ultimate envelopes 7 1 5 5 1252425 The difference in ultimate envelopes is clear to see Use of INCL WITH is appropriate when the two loads are very closely related so that the value of one is directly dependent on the other The use of INCL INCL is preferable when both loads are expected but each can vary independently ENVELOPES OF DYNAMIC LOAD Apart from simple static enveloping composing envelopes based on individual constant load cases a useful feature of CONCRETE ENVELOPE is its ability to handle dynamic load cases Dynamic loading is assumed to be simple harmonic loading represented physically by amplitude and phase or by two separate load cases phased at 90 to each other The first of these load cases is termed the real part of the loading whilst the second is the imaginary part Either loading may be represented diagrammatically on an Argand diagram Figure 2 7 1 Figure 2 7 1 also shows how load cases that are to be INCLuded are added vectorially to produce real and imaginary components and amplitude of load CONCRETE ENVELOPE performs dynamic enveloping of other load inclusion types by subdividing the Argand diagram into a number of phase sectors The number of sectors used affects th
98. s and returning to the operating system Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 5 12 Concrete Envelope User Manual Control Data Commands Command ENVELOPE Syntax ENVELOPE ON OFF Example ENVELOPE ENVELOPE OFF Description The ENVELOPE command controls whether enveloping is to be performed or not when a DO CHECKS instruction is encountered If enveloping is switched OFF only a data check will be performed and the command is identical to DATA CHECK ONLY If enveloping is switched ON enveloping will be performed after location selection and classification only if no errors have been encountered thus far in the data The default at start up is to enable enveloping EN VELOPE with no parameters is taken as ENVELOPE ON This command should not be confused with the inclusion command ENVELOPES which occurs inside READ INCLUSION DATA to define an envelope number and name Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 5 13 Concrete Envelope User Manual Control Data Commands Command FINISH ENVELOPE Syntax FINISH ENVELOPE Example FINISH ENVELOPE Description The FINISH ENVELOPE instruction marks the end of a global envelope over several different sections or sets The envelope must previously have been started using a BEGIN ENVELOPE instruction The effect of the command will be to print the e
99. s another envelope to be read in Inclusion data may be stored in a separate file or in the control data file The stream number and file name on the READ INCLUSION DATA command determines where the information is to be read from Refer to the READ INCLUSION DATA command for more details UNITS Only the CONCRETE DEPTH and some section commands require values to be input in specific units In these commands the depth should be input in the same units which were used in the original FE analysis All angles should be specified in degrees Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 4 1 Concrete Envelope User Manual Data Preparation 4 3 4 4 CONCRETE ENVELOPE also outputs results in the same units as the FE model that is being analysed Envelopes will be stored in these units Facilities exist within CONCRETE CHECK to convert these units to those required by the code checking routines should this be necessary SIGN CONVENTION AND SLAB AXES The entire CONCRETE suite including CONCRETE ENVELOPE uses a compression negative tension positive sign convention for all stresses This is generally the same as the FE system in use but exceptions are noted in the FE system appendix and are converted automatically CONCRETE ENVELOPE will also convert shear bending and torsional loads into a consistent sign convention if so required The CONCRETE sign convention is illustrated in
100. s are angles in degrees relative to the base axes For PLANE surfaces the values are distances in analysis length units along the section Up to 100 locations may be defined for each section Continuation lines are permitted The full definition of a section requires a SET or GROUP command and a SURFACE command as well as the SECTION instruction The user should refer to these other commands for details Optionally ORIGIN and DATUM commands may be provided to locate the specified surface in space and to create a datum relative to which locations may be specified For further details refer to the appropriate commands and to Section 4 10 Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 5 32 Concrete Envelope User Manual Control Data Commands Command SELECT Syntax SELECT class node node2 Examples SELECT 1 323 SELECT 3 100 109 200 209 Description This command allows selection of nodes around a panel and is therefore only available for structures modelled using thick or thin shell elements The SELECT command allows nodes to be selected by node number for enveloping when a DO CHECKS command is encountered The first field is the class number for the following nodes and should be an integer number from to 4 Class definitions are described in Section 2 4 SELECT commands are cumulative CLEAR SELECT should be used to cancel previous selections and start again R
101. s to obtain these loads The programs convert these stresses into the location axis system and integrate them to form the eight basic loads per unit width required by the checks Details of this method may be found in the Theoretical Manual Both SESAM and CONCRETE work on a tension positive compression negative system for stresses and no sign conversion is needed for basic direct stresses Both SESAM and CONCRETE use a sign convention for shear that causes elongation in the ve quadrants XY XZ YZ for positive shear stress No sign conversion is needed for shear PRELIMINARY DECK The preliminary deck contains information about the superelement to be processed by this run of CONCRETE ENVELOPE For SESAM it consists of just the SUPER ELEMENT instruction The format of the command needed to provide this data is as follows SUPER ELEMENT prefix filename superelement where prefix is a file prefix for the required SIN file and filename is the SIN filename The superelement argument is the hierarchy reference number of the required superelement If only one superelement exists within the SIN file this parameter is not required Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates D 10 Concrete Envelope User Manual SESAM FE Interface D 5 FILE HANDLING As mentioned above CONCRETE ENVELOPE acts on the Norsam Formatted SESAM Interface File produced by PREPO
102. s who are familiar with the internal operation of the program and should be used with care as it can produce a considerable amount of output The debug level has different effects depending on the routine to be checked A debug level over 99 forces the routine to overwrite certain routine arguments with debug data values specified on the end of the line DEBUG OFF cancels all debugging for all routines DEBUG OFF with a routine name cancels debugging for that routine Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 5 9 Concrete Envelope User Manual Control Data Commands Command DO CHECKS Syntax DO CHECKS Example DO CHECKS Description The DO CHECKS command instructs the program to start calculations using the current data defined by previous instructions If PANEL SWEEP or SAMPLE has been specified the program will scan the selected shell element panel and automatically classify select nodes for checking If SECTION has been specified the program will intersect the given SURFACE with the selected solid element set and create stress check locations based on the SECTION location list If data errors exist or a DATA CHECK ONLY command has been given processing will not proceed further However if an ENVELOPE ON instruction has been issued and all data is acceptable the program will start to perform enveloping using the currently selected locations nodes classes and incl
103. sidiaries and affiliates 5 35 Concrete Envelope User Manual Control Data Commands Command STRESS AXES Syntax STRESS AXES dx dy dz x y z Examples STRESS AXES STRESS AXES 1 0 1 0 2 3 STRESS AXES 0 0 1 0 0 0 100 0 200 0 5 0 Description The STRESS AXES command is currently only implemented for shell or solid elements analysed using the ASAS finite element system This command is not currently available when the program is used as a post processor to SESAM The STRESS AXES command is used to force CONCRETE ENVELOPE to perform nodal stress averaging from elemental stress results prior to using these stresses to derive section forces for stress checks The default at program start up is for no averaging to be performed CONCRETE ENVELOPE will expect to find nodally averaged stresses on backing file produced by ASAS POST Once a STRESS AXES command has been issued for ASAS models the program will no longer search for averaged stresses but will revert to looking for element stress results which it will nodally average and then use in exactly the same way as averaged stresses recovered from file Nodal averaging cannot be turned off Once specified subsequent STRESS AXES commands can only be used to redefine the reference direction and reference point The STRESS AXES command with no parameters is used to force averaging of solid element stresses These will be converted to the global axis system prior to averaging at a node
104. ssify and select all nodes found for enveloping SAMPLE will select only a small subset of the classified nodes namely all corner nodes mid edge nodes If enveloping is enabled ENVELOPE ON the program will evaluate and store envelopes for this subset of nodes The optional angular tolerance is used when finding corner nodes on the panel Most corners are identified topologically by element connectivity However inside corners and other complex geometries may not be identified this way and are found by checking the angular change around the boundary When this angular change exceeds angtol a further corner is recorded Note however that there is a maximum of ten corners per panel If a panel has more corners than this the simple SELECT and CLEAR SELECT commands should be used The PANEL command is overwritten by the SECTION SELECT and CLEAR SELECT commands which allow other methods of node selection Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 5 26 Concrete Envelope Command Syntax Examples Description User Manual Control Data Commands PHASE SIGN CONVENTION PHASE SIGN CONVENTION LAG LEAD POS NEG PHASE SIGN CONVENTION LAG POS PHASE SIGN CONVENTION LEAD The PHASE SIGN CONVENTION allows definition of the sign convention to be assumed for phase information By default LAG is assumed to be positive and LEAD to be negative This command a
105. ta nett be atat Pete fedus E 2 E4 PRELIMINARY DECK eiie quete iode gebe opi eade ape 2 ER Ru as E 2 E37 JFHLEEH HANDLING initio Ih a caida sees at teo beatin ween eoe ain cs E 3 Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates ii Concrete Envelope User Manual Introduction 1 INTRODUCTION CONCRETE ENVELOPE is part of the CONCRETE suite of programs that also includes CONCRETE CHECK and CONCRETE PLOT The suite is designed to allow rapid checking of concrete structures against codes of practice such as BS 8110 BS5400 Det Norske Veritas DnV Rules Norwegian standards NS3473 the CEB FIP Model Code MC78 and Department of Energy D En guidance notes to assess strength serviceability and fatigue performance CONCRETE ENVELOPE performs the following tasks it provides an interface between an FE analysis program and CONCRETE CHECK to allow stress results from a modelled structure to be used in the CONCRETE code checks 7 allows the user to select load cases or combinations from the original analysis to be factored reversed and combined using an extensive set of logic instructions converts the basic stress results from shell or solid element FE analyses into components of load in the form required by CONCRETE CHECK x forms envelopes maximum and minimum extreme values of these load components for selected locations in the structure using loading logic specified by t
106. tains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates D 9 Concrete Envelope User Manual SESAM FE Interface D 4 PREPOST may also be used to create load combinations for use in CONCRETE ENVELOPE and CONCRETE CHECK These combined cases and the original constituent cases are then available for code checking or the creation of envelopes The CONCRETE suite does not handle complex load cases in the same form as SESAM Single complex cases from the analysis should be converted to separate real and imaginary cases by PREPOST so that they can be processed by SIF AVERAGE This is possible by use of the CREATE RESULT COMBINATION command Note also that the CONCRETE suite does not support run numbers and occurrence numbers of load cases Again PREPOST can be used to create load combinations that have a constant run number to avoid this restriction Once all necessary combined cases have been defined SIF AVERAGE can be used to subdivide the super element into groups of elements across which nodal averaging is valid Nodally averaged stresses will then be produced at all nodes on these groups for selected load cases The stresses and group information will be stored back to the SIN where they can be accessed by CONCRETE ENVELOPE and CONCRETE CHECK For a given location around a section for any group of solid elements however the CONCRETE programs must interpolate between the stresses at the closest node
107. the envelope are included WITH cases are not tabulated as they follow the inclusion logic of the command preceding This is the option selected if no parameters are given ONA a special form of ON that tabulates all load inclusion cases whether they are part of the envelope or not Output is again per location or class and contains the numerical output as before WITH cases are again not included The default print level is OFF which is adequate for most purposes The ONA and ON levels should be used with care as the output can become very lengthy particularly if a large amount of inclusion data or a large number of locations are selected Appendix C contains examples of all of the above output formats Note that the CHART command does not control output to the backing files The WRITE command is provided for this purpose Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 5 4 Concrete Envelope User Manual Control Data Commands Command CLEAR SELECT Syntax CLEAR SELECT class nodel node2 Examples CLEAR SELECT 3 21 CLEAR SELECT 1 10 11 12 13 14 Description This command allows the selection of nodes on a panel and therefore applies only to concrete substructures modelled using thick and thin shell elements The CLEAR SELECT command operates in a similar way to the SELECT command except that all previous selections of nodes and classes over a panel are cleared bef
108. to be the depth of the slab in the through thickness direction at a given location This is estimated from intersections of element faces with the surface that has been defined Such depths may vary along a section or across a panel The above command allows a single depth to be assigned for these envelopes Note that this is a change from previous versions of the program for which specified CONCRETE DEPTH was also used to overwrite location depths Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 5 6 Concrete Envelope Command Syntax Example Description User Manual Control Data Commands DATA CHECK ONLY DATA CHECK ONLY DATA CHECK ONLY The DATA CHECK ONLY command is identical to the ENVELOPE OFF instruction and disables enveloping of stresses when a DO CHECKS instruction is encountered Only nodal selection classification and section identification will be performed while this option is selected Enveloping may be switched back on by the ENVELOPE ON command The default on program start up is to perform enveloping Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 5 7 Concrete Envelope User Manual Control Data Commands Command DATUM Syntax DATUM vectorx vectory vectorz Example DATUM 1 0 1 0 0 0 Description The DATUM command is used to specify a datum relative to which locations around or along
109. to represent a panel The program will automatically identify and classify all nodes on the panel CONCRETE ENVELOPE will then select all or a standard sample of these classified nodes for enveloping and subsequent code checking This facility allows the user to select a large area of the structure and code check it with the minimum of input data the SECTION facility applies to structures modelled using solid elements to represent the concrete The user again specifies a set of elements and defines the type and geometry of a surface to intersect with these elements Currently it is possible to create PLANE CYLINDER and CONE surfaces to form the types of section illustrated by Figure 2 4 1 The user may then define a number of inspection points along this section for enveloping and stress checking Again this facility allows large amounts of the structure to be checked with a minimum of input data and facilitates the definition of through thickness direction and top and bottom fibres The checking of single locations is achieved by specifying a single user defined location within the section CONCRETE ENVELOPE will envelope each individual load component see Section 2 5 at every location specified by the above methods These location envelopes will be stored on file for subsequent access by CONCRETE CHECK if required A useful facility in the program is the ability to produce class envelopes Class envelopes are envelopes that bound all loc
110. to the envelope for each constituent load case For static and dynamic envelopes the following symbols are used for each inclusion data load case E means that the loading was added in to Extend the envelope The maximum ultimate load factor was therefore used as a multiplier This implies that a load case extends the envelope R means that the loading Reduced the envelope but had to be included The minimum ultimate load factor was therefore used as a multiplier to reduce the envelope by the minimum amount Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates C 1 Concrete Envelope User Manual Sample Output C 3 N means that reversible loading was included in the envelope in its Normal direction to extend the envelope i e the load case was not reversed I means that reversible loading was Inverted before being included as this reversed direction of load extended the envelope In the combined load envelopes a code is used in the chart to show how the static and dynamic components of load are combined Since the REVErsible option is not available in the combined section only the following combinations are available Code Static Dynamic A E E B E R C R E C R R where codes E and R signify extension and reduction of the combined envelope CONCRETE ENVELOPE can also produce envelopes over each class of nodes within a set and can produce global envelopes over any number of sets
111. ture data input Input may be redirected as required to other files or returned to an original file as required This is a useful facility that allows repetitive data to be located in separate files and Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 3 1 Concrete Envelope User Manual Running the Program 3 4 3 5 accessed when needed from several different runs Refer to the CHANGE INPUT STREAM command in Section 5 0 for more details INPUT AND OUTPUT CHANNELS Several units streams or channels are used by the program for input output These are listed here as they should not be used for CHANGE INPUT STREAM input file redirection Unit 5 data input Unit 6 main output Unit 53 plot files Units 1 and 99 screen output on some computers When an FE package is used to provide stress and geometry data it may use additional units Refer to the appropriate appendix for details BATCH FILES A convenient method of running the program is to create a batch file that includes the necessary instructions for program execution and perhaps echoes back information on the program version and data files that are in use A sample batch file is given below This example includes echoing of data to the screen checking to see if a plot file is specified and running the program as required Output and summary file extensions are set to be L S and SUM No directory path to th
112. umber of zero For a section through a group of solid elements envelopes will be produced per location around the section and for the entire section These overall envelopes are distinguished by a location number of zero Global envelopes created by the BEGIN ENVELOPE FINISH ENVELOPE instructions may also be stored and are identified by set location and section numbers of zero Each envelope to be stored by the program is allocated a key so that it can be recalled directly by CONCRETE CHECK or CONCRETE PLOT Instead of the user specifying this key directly CONCRETE ENVELOPE will calculate the key internally given a user specified key definition The same definition should be provided in CONCRETE CHECK and CONCRETE PLOT to access these stored envelopes at a later date Each key is defined by a set of fields Currently up to fifteen are allowed Each field is allocated a symbol and a range by the KEY FIELDS and KEY RANGES instructions Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 4 4 Concrete Envelope User Manual Data Preparation The symbol may be a user defined symbol see the NEW SYMBOL and SYMBOL VALUE commands which can have a user defined value Alternatively the symbol in any field may be one of the following NODE LOCATION GROUP SET CLASS SECTION ENVELOPE These symbols are automatically updated by the program for the given node set class etc when e
113. uperelement to be processed Such data is dependent on the FE system in use Refer to the Appendix for the FE system being used Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 4 2 Concrete Envelope User Manual Data Preparation 4 5 4 6 4 7 FORMAT OF CONTROL DATA INSTRUCTIONS Each instruction consists of a keyword generally followed by additional data which may be numeric or text Each instruction starts on a new line and the items of data are separated from the instruction keyword and from each other by blank spaces Each instruction line must be eighty characters or less in length including embedded blank characters For some instructions which require substantial amounts of data continuation lines may be used as described in Section 4 7 ABBREVIATION OF CONTROL DATA INSTRUCTIONS Most of the instruction keywords are quite long generally comprising several words separated by dashes such as DATA CHECK ONLY Although it is recommended that the instruction be entered in full as this renders most data files reasonably legible without extra comments the keyword may be abbreviated subject to certain conditions the first letter all dashes and the letters immediately following the dashes must be included the remaining letters must be in the correct order the resulting abbreviations must not be ambiguous in that two different instructions could both be
114. usion data If database writing is enabled via the WRITE command these envelopes will then be output to backing file for subsequent access by CONCRETE CHECK or other programs When processing of a DO CHECKS command is complete the program returns to the current input stream for further commands Only an END or STOP command will terminate the program Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 5 10 Concrete Envelope User Manual Control Data Commands Command ECHO Syntax ECHO ON OFF Examples ECHO ECHO OFF Description The ECHO command controls echo of input commands to the output stream or file When this command is ON each input instruction is attributed a line number and printed as it is encountered Inclusion data echo is also controlled by this command The default for ECHO is OFF The LIST INPUT DATA and LIST INCLUSION DATA commands may be used to control the output of interpreted data in addition to the simple command echo ECHO with no parameters is taken as ECHO ON Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 5 11 Concrete Envelope User Manual Control Data Commands Command END Syntax END Example END Description The END command is identical to the STOP command and has the action of terminating the current run even if further data exists in the input file closing all file
115. veraged internally or by ASAS POST The sign convention in Appendix A of the ASAS Manual shows that these loads are identical in sign to the CONCRETE suite loads Figure 4 3 1 and no sign conversion is necessary For any given location around a section through any group of solid elements however the CONCRETE suite programs must interpolate between the stresses at the closest nodes to obtain these loads The programs convert the stresses into the location axis system and integrate them to form the eight basic loads per unit width required in the checks Full details of this approach are included in the CONCRETE Theoretical Manual Both ASAS and CONCRETE work on a tension positive compression negative system for stresses and no sign conversion is needed for basic direct stresses Both ASAS and CONCRETE use a sign convention for shear that causes elongation in the ve ve quadrant XY XZ YZ for positive shear stress No sign conversion is needed for shear PRELIMINARY DECK The preliminary data deck provides information required about the size of the job and the names of the backing files to be used or created The commands to provide this information must be given in the following order SYSTEM DATA AREA nnnnn JOB POST namel name2 TITLE text STRUCTURE name3 COMPONENT name3 tree only required for substructure analyses Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates E 2 Con
116. xd ssxud GIL JI 9 3 Y3 MOT S 3S YJ MOT GIL JI mod NO qTvOT mod NO TOT mod NO FOT mod NO qvoT OL T 3S00H23 q a n n n n n n N n n n n I inizi m E E iwi joi inj iin QN asf TqY0 T OOH asf TqY0 T DOH2J ISNOD INIA TY0 T 00HI Idad H NAd INIA ayvot TY0 T DOH23 FOT TY0 T TY0 T TY0 T DOH3 Idd ILVIS WORCRURUCRURUUURURURURURURURURURUERURERXXXXNMNAEAENAEANAEAEAENAEAENAEXENXNXEXEXEMUNNENXXEXXXNUXUXUXUUUNUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU UU RURBEXXUXUUXXXXXXXXXXXXELEEEEEEENENENENENENNM TZ N9Wd XdOTSANS SNOLLIGNOS MAOLS gt SXIVId SY GUTTACON SAAN AANAIAILS HIIS XIdWVXX ISXL XIdWIS Y 88 AWM 0Z SZ ST T Z UWHENNN adO THANG ANS XLLSSHONO 2 INCLUSION DATA OUTPUT 1 1 FIGURE C C 3 Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates Sample Output Concrete Envelope User Manual III rl PP IIl rl EEE EEE P EEE EERE ll rp PPP H PP f c sss sH Hes egy TO 3sst TO 3 9 0 TO 3sst TO 3 9 0 TO 3SSst 0 TO 3E9L 0 TO 3Ssst 0 TO 3E9L 0 00 3000 0 00 3000 0 00 3000 0 00 3000 0 00 3000 0 00 3000 0 00 3000 0 00 3000 0 ZAN TO0 3682 0 TO 3EZT 0 TO0 3682 0 TO 3EZT 0 T0 3682 0 T 3EZT 0 T0 3682 0 TO dELT O o0 7000 0 00 7000 0 00 7000 0 00 4000 0 00 4000 0 00 4000 0 00 4000 0 00 4000 0 ZXN Sullas T0 360 0 TO d6TS 0 TO d60e 0 TO 36TS 0 TO 360
117. ximum psf is used when the envelope is extended The minimum psf is used when the load case must be included even though it reduces the envelope When WITH is used in conjunction with the IFTA and REVE cards only one psf is defined on the host command In this case minpsf should be set to zero on the WITH command Up to twenty characters of text may be input at the end of the line as an aid to describing the data Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 6 15 Concrete Envelope User Manual Inclusion Data Commands Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 6 16 Concrete Envelope User Manual Appendix A Summary of Control Data Commands A 1 A 2 A3 Contains proprietary and confidential information of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates INTRODUCTION Summary of Control Data Commands The following is a summary of control commands available within CONCRETE ENVELOPE Items in upper case are keywords those in lower case are text numerical values required by the program Brackets indicate optional values whilst slashes represent choices Lists of data are indicates thus A full description of each command is included in Section 5 0 RUN CONTROL COMMANDS BEGIN ENVELOPE number title CHANGE INPUT STREAM stream file CHART OFF ON ONA NONE DATA CHECK ONLY DEBUG level

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