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1. RENESAS define scalar types initialize for C language include some headder initialize each sections define the macro for in define the fixed vector define the top address define the sfr register define the sfr register define the size of heap main program file define the size of stacl ac Release note Page 29 of For M16C Series R8C Family C compiler Package V 5 45 Release 01 Release note Section order Renesas M16C Standard Toolchain Configuration Debug E G All Loaded Projects 2 E C source file Assembly source file E 7 SIUC Section data_SE data 50 daa NE daa NO bss_NO heap_NE FirmR arn bss_SE bss_50 bss_NE stack istack OxB0002000 Options Link gt Firm rea L r amp clib G MS O CONFIGDIR PROJECTNAME x30 ORDER PX Assembly Link Librarian Lme Cig Mal Categoy Pe Address 000000300 0x00000400 1 FirmRam_NE 0300 data_SE 0400 bss_SE data_SO bss_ Cancel To confirm the order in which sections are linked and the addresses to which they are linked take a look at Category Section Order in Renesas M16C Standard Toolchain gt Link Section Address Section OxO0000300 FirmA am 000000400 heap_NE 0x00002000 Firm rea OxO000CO00 Firm rea Ox0000E 000 data_SEl data_SOl data_NEl data _NOI switch_t nronram Eg OK Can
2. CPU family M16C xe Tool chain Renesas M16C Standard 7 Properties 1 Select C source startup Application in the left side window After selecting C source startup Application Application will be automatically selected if you change the default setting of CPU family Please select C source startup Application again Selecting the type of microcomputer New Project 1 5 Select Target CPU Toolchain version PIR Toolchain version Which CPU do you want to use for this project 2 see specification or a O Other lt Back nw Finish Cancel R20UT0443EJ0300 Rev 3 00 Page 24 of 32 Dec 15 2010 2tENESAS For M16C Series R8C Family C compiler Package V 5 45 Release 01 Release note 2 Select the type of microcomputer from CPU Series and CPU Group When a type of microcomputer is selected its corresponding sfr header file is copied to the workspace Furthermore a variable vector table intprg c is registered Although V 5 40 Release 00 A showed ROM sizes in parentheses in CPU Group selection note that beginning with this version ROM size selection is moved to the wizard that is displayed when you click the Next gt button Selecting the size of ROM New Project 2 5 Setting the Contents of Files to be Generated What kind of initialization routine would you like to create 3 F Use Heap Memory Heap Size os 300 Generate main Function je source file X
3. Use OnChip Debugging Emulator lt Back n Finish Cancel The ROM size that you select in 3 in addition to settings in V 5 40 Release 00 A where the on chip debugger is selected ensures that the ROM attribute sections are located appropriately when linked according to the ROM size R20UT0443EJ0300 Rev 3 00 32 Dec 15 2010 Page 25 of RENESAS For M16C Series R8C Family C compiler Package V 5 45 Release 01 Release note Settings for the case where the standard I O function and memory management function libraries are used New Project 2 5 Setting the Contents of Files to be Generated 2 x What kind of initialization routine would you like to create 4 5 Generate main Function je source file F Use OnChip Debugging Emulator lt Back n Finish Cancel 4 Select this check box when you use the standard I O function library When this check box is selected function calls to _init in resetprg c are enabled Furthermore device c and init c are registered to the project 5 Select this check box when you use the memory management function library When this check box is selected function calls to heap_init in resetprg c are enabled Furthermore heapdef h and heap c are registered to the project R20UT0443EJ0300 Rev 3 00 Page 26 of 32 Dec 15 2010 2RENESAS For M16C Series R8C Family C compiler Package V 5 45 Release 01 Release note Select
4. Returns 0 to TAOIC IR when it becomes Workaround R20UT0443EJ0300 Rev 3 00 Page 4 of 32 Dec 15 2010 RENESAS For M16C Series R8C Family C compiler Package V 5 45 Release 01 Release note 1 Suppress the generation of the BTSTC and BTSTS instructions resulting from using an optimizing option by selecting the ONA or Ono_asmopt option together with O5 optimizing option 2 Add an asm function to disable optimization locally as shown in the example below while TAOIC IR 0 asm Notes Make sure that no BTSTC and BTSTS instructions are generated after these side steppings 4 5 2 Precautions about access of SFR area You may need to use specific instructions when writing to or reading registers in the SFR area Because the specific instruction is different for each model see the User s Manual for the specific Machine These instructions should be used in your program using the asm function 4 5 3 About specifying the interrupt control register M8T NC30WA supports the functions that set or change the value of an interrupt priority level to conform to MESC TECHNICAL NEWS No M16C 14 9805 case of setting the value Please use SetLevel function In this time please be sure to include intlevel h file SetLevel char ady char val adr Address of the interrupt control register val value case of changing the value Please use ChgLevel function In this time please be sure
5. Because a problem occurred Inxx exe is terminated is issued and then the linker is terminated abnormally The file name length including the path should be less than 128 characters 4 4 Precautions about virus check programs If the virus detection program is memory resident in your computer M3T NC30WA may not start up normally In such a case remove the virus detection program from memory before you start M38T NC30WA 4 5 Precautions on M16C Series R8C Family Dependent Code 4 5 1 Precautions regarding the M16C interrupt control register When O5 optimizing option is used the compiler generates in some cases BTSTC or BTSTS bit manipulation instructions In M16C the BTSTC and BTSTS bit manipulation instructions are prohibited from rewriting the contents of the interrupt control registers When using any of the products concerned ensure that no incorrect code is generated Example When O5 optimizing options is used in the program shown below a BTSTC instruction is generated at compilation which prevents an interrupt request bit from being processed correctly resulting in the assembled program performing improper operations pragma ADDRESS TAOIC 0055h M16C 62 MCU s Timer AO interrupt control register struct char ILVL 3 char IR 1 An interrupt request bit char dmy 4 TAOIC void wait_until_IR_is ON void while TAOIC IR 0 Waits for TAOIC IR to become 1 TAOIC IR 0
6. abs30 V 2 11 00 000 utl30 V 1 00 09 001 MapViewer V 3 01 02 cenmap V 1 00 01 001 vensni V 1 00 00 002 R20UT0443EJ0300 Rev 3 00 Page 13 of 32 Dec 15 2010 RENESAS For M16C Series R8C Family C compiler Package V 5 45 Release 01 Release note 7 Conformance with MISRAC Rule 7 1 Standard Function Library In C Source code of standard function library M3T NC30WA it is found that some rules are against the MISRAC Rule but these violations do not constitute a drawback to any operation 7 1 1 Cause of Rule Violation In C Source code of standard function library M8T NC30WA the major causes for rule violation are as follows C Compiler specifications near far modifier asm function and pragma Declaration of function based on ANSI Standard The evaluation sequence in the conditional statement is not described explicitly using a parenthesis Implicit type conversion J 7 1 2 Inspection No running counter to the rule The following are Inspection Nos that run counter to the Rule 1 12 13 14 18 21 22 28 34 35 36 37 38 39 43 44 45 46 48 49 50 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 65 69 70 71 72 76 TT 82 83 85 99 101 103 104 105 110 111 115 118 119 121 124 7 1 3 Evaluation Environment Compiler M8T NC30WA V 5 30 Release 1 Compile Option O c as30 DOPTI 0 gnone finfo fNII misra_all r csv MISRA C Checker SQMlint V 1 00 Release 1A 7 2 Conformance with MISRA C Rule in HEW Generation Source Co
7. are used at the same time and a function that is expanded inline is described in the loop statement the following error may occur Error asp30 Undefined symbol exist Symbol name If this error occurs add a dummy asm function in the statement 4 6 3 About ffar_pointer fFP 4 6 4 4 6 5 4 6 6 If ffar_pointer is used be aware that when the amp operator that acquires the address of a near attribute variable is used it is handled in 16 bit address Make sure that it is cast with the far pointer prior to the amp operator Note also that if the pointer size is acquired with sizeof the return value is 2 If any function without prototype declaration is called only 2 bytes of address are stacked Always be sure to declare function prototypes Precaution for Assembler start up files ncrt0 a30 sect30 inc nc_define inc The content of start up files may be customized depending on the target MCU or application Please refer to the hardware manual or the datasheet of the target MCU when undergoing such customizations About the standard I O function The standard I O functions consume much RAM If you use the standard I O functions in your program for R8C Family you cannot use f E e g G for printf Precautions about the search of an include file If you specify a file to include with a drive name in the include line and attempt to compile the file from a directory different from the one in which the file to
8. compile is present instances may occur in which the file to include cannot be found Example include c user test sample h main C user gt nc30 _ user test2 sample c silent user2 tm_test aa c Error cpp30 21 user2 test2 sample c line 1 include file not found c user test sample h R20UT0443EJ0300 Rev 3 00 Page 7 of 32 Dec 15 2010 RENESAS For M16C Series R8C Family C compiler Package V 5 45 Release 01 Release note 4 6 7 Precautions to be taken when using pragma ASM ENDASM and asm Regarding debug information when using pragma ASM ENDASM and asm outside functions if you write pragma ASM anywhere outside functions no C source line information will be output For this reason information regarding descriptions in pragma ASM to pragma ENDASM such as error message lines when assembling or linking and line information when debugging may not be output normally C compilers generate code of arguments to be passed via registers and of register variables by analyzing their scopes However if manipulations of register values are described using inline assemble features such as pragma ASM pragma ENDASM directives and asm function C compilers cannot hold information on the scopes of the above mentioned arguments and register variables So be sure to save and restore register contents on and from the stack when registers are loaded using inline assemble functions described above 4 6 8 Precautions about debuggin
9. to include intlevel h file ChgLevel char adr char val adr Address of the interrupt control register val value Example include lt intlevel h gt pragma ADDRESS timerA 55H char timerA void func void SetLevel timerA 2 Specifying the value 2 to the interrupt priority level ChgLevel timerA 4 Changing the value 4 to the interrupt priority level 4 5 4 Regarding M16C 62 4M extended mode Make sure the program is located in the internal ROM R20UT0443EJ0300 Rev 3 00 Page 5 of 32 Dec 15 2010 RENESAS For M16C Series R8C Family C compiler Package V 5 45 Release 01 Release note 4 5 5 Section FirmRam_NE and the Value of the SB Register when the On Chip Debugger is Selected If you select the debugger on the dialog box selecting OnChipDebegger when creating a new project workspace FirmRam_NE section may be allocated from 400H Then you can t access the correct area by using the SB relative addressing mode because the initial value for SB register is set to 400H If section FirmRam_NE starts from 400H as the result of linkage the initial value for the SB register should be changed to the value of the start address of the bss_SE section For the start address of the bss_SE section see the contents of the map file The values indicated below should be changed to the start address of the bss_SE section lt resetprg c gt void start void _sb_ 0x400 J 400H fixatio
10. 357 has the statement that Includes during startup sect30 inc the SPECIAL Page vector definition file special inc as a file to be included But this is the explanation for the version older than V 5 40 The SPECIAL Page vector definition file is unnecessary in V 5 40 or later Therefore please do not use it 4 6 16 Precaution about MapViewer As you cannot use Online Help of the MapViewer with a PC running Windows Vista R please use that of the EcxMap and CallWalker instead R20UT0443EJ0300 Rev 3 00 Page 11 of 32 Dec 15 2010 RENESAS For M16C Series R8C Family C compiler Package V 5 45 Release 01 Release note 4 6 17 Precaution about malloc0 callocQ and reallocQ Memory management function malloc calloc and realloc of the NC30WA cannot secure the area of 64KB or more at a time 4 6 18 Note on Defining an Incomplete Structure or Union Type When the definition of a member follows that of an incomplete structure or union type in which only a tag has been defined using typedef the members in structures or unions that are declared with the typedef name may not be displayed by any debuggers Note however that debuggers will display these members correctly when their definition precedes typedef Example of occurrence typedef struct strli str1_t An incomplete structure type is defined struct str1 Members are defined int i int J k strit s 1 2 A structure is declared with the typ
11. For M16C Series R8C Family C compiler Package V 5 45 Release 01 Release note For M16C Series R8C Family C compiler Package V 5 45 Release 01 Release note Rev 3 00 Renesas Solutions Corporation December 15 2010 Abstract Welcome to M16C Series R8C Family C compiler Package M3T NC30WA V 5 45 Release 01 This document contains supplementary descriptions to User s Manual When you read certain items in the User s Manual please read this document as well 1 About Installation of C compiler Package c ccccccccccesssscecessseeeeessneceesesneeeeeessaeeecesseeeessseeeesesseeeeseseeeessneeeeees 3 2 The latest information mietin eran e ae EA E AA R E AA ENER A AO AR 3 3 Update of the C Compiler User s Manual 0 ccccccccccssccssssscecesseecececsneeeeescsneeececseeeecsceeeeeseseeeeeeseceeeaesseeaesesseeaaees 3 A Precautions on Product cecccssssececececeeeeseneceeeeeeeseesneaeeeeeeeeeeeeeqeaeeeeeeeseseeseeaeeeeeeeseseesaaaeeeeeesseeeeeaeeeesesseeeeaaeas 3 4 1 About Integrated Development Environment TM cccccccssscccessscceccessseceeeeseeeeeesseeeeeesseeeeeseseeeeseseeeenes 3 4 2 About the version of MR30 Real time OB isicecssssisisvaicassascsneaneracentaheraassvin oueisacecios tenses de taaasasavacsemansioondaad 3 4 3 Suggestions Concerning File Names cccccccccssccessseceeesssseceesessececesceeeesssaeeeeesssseeeeseaeeeeseaeeeseeaeeeseesaeeeenss 3 4 4 Precautions about virus check programs ccc
12. OnChipDebugger New Project 2 5 Setting the Contents of Files to be Generated PR What kind of initialization routine would you like to create 7 I Use Standard 1 0 ubagan T 8 V Use Heap Memory Heap Size 0x300 Generate main Function C source file x 6 Firmware Address 02000 w Size 7 lt Back __New gt Finish Cancel 6 Select the appropriate debugger when you use OnChipDebugger You can select either FoUSB or E8 as debugger However there may be a case when you can t select one of or both of the debuggers depending on the target MCU When this selection is made firm c is registered and the area for the debugger displayed at 7 is saved as the variable area Duplication of the user s program and the area for the debugger is avoided 7 Set Firmware Address and workRam Address Here you set the program area for Firmware and the RAM area for work to be used by FoUSB E8 You can alter the default values only when the debugger allows you to do so If you alter these addresses when using the debugger alter them to suit the setup of the debugger For details about the address and size to be altered for each consult the user s manual of your debugger 8 If you select OnChipDebugger while the standard input output function library is selected UART1 indicated here changes to UARTO This means that the standard input output device is changed to UARTO because the st
13. S For M16C Series R8C Family C compiler Package V 5 45 Release 01 Release note 4 6 16 Precaution about MapViewer ccccssscsccccecessenscseceeccecsesesseaeceeceecsesessaeceeececsesesssssseeeeeceesensaseeess 11 4 6 17 Precaution about mallocQ callocQ and realloc wo ceccesscesscessccescesscesceesceesesesseeasecaeeeasecueesaees 12 4 6 18 Note on Defining an Incomplete Structure or Union Type cccceccccccccessseceeessseeeeessneeeessesseeeenees 12 5 Contents of upgrade from V 5 45 Release 00 ccccssssccccecesceesessceceeececcesssssceceeecsesensnsaeeeseceeeseserssseeseseeeensaaees 12 5 1 Contents of upgrade about C compiler cccccecccccccccccecsessnssceceeececeessaececececcecsesaaaeeeeeceesenssaeeeeeesenenaaees 12 Sll Fixed Pro bless icssscesecccasiacerssaveaconiaa veccaiave erinan eR NEEE AAEE NEENA OESE a ta naedaades castes Ci EEC ATEK 12 5 2 Contents of upgrade about High performance Embedded Workshop cccccccccceceseessnneceeeceeceeeensaees 12 2l Fixed Problems eee 12 6 Software version list of C Compiler Package ccccccsccccececsesensecececececsesesaeceeccecsesessaaececeesecessasaeeeeceeesensaaes 13 7 Conformance with MISRAC Rule cccccssccssssssecesssseceeessnseceessssecsesssaeceesssseceesssaececsssaececeseaaeceesesesessaaeeeeeeaas 14 7 1 Standard Function Library 0 ccccccccssssccccececceesesscececececsesensececeeececsensnseaeeececcecsesesaaeeeeecsesensseeeeeeses
14. Under the condition that an optimizing option is selected at compilation System Error may arise if the result of shifting a 32 bit data piece to the right by the number of bits within a range of 11 to 15 is directly stored in or cast to a variable of 16 bits long Tool News http tool support renesas com eng toolnews 070716 tn4 htm Conditions This problem may occur if the following conditions are all satisfied 1 Any of the following optimizing options is selected to enhance the speed of program execution and minimize ROM consumption O OR and OR_MAX 2 A data piece of 32 bits long is shifted right by the number of bits within a range of 11 to 15 3 The result in 2 above is directly stored in or cast to a variable of 16 bits long 4 The compiler specifies the register in which the data piece to be shifted in 2 and the 16 bit variable in 3 are stored Example int i long 1 i nt 1 gt gt 15 Workaround Do not directly store the result of right shifting a 32 bit data piece in or cast it to a 16 bit variable but assign it to a 32 bit variable and then store this variable in a 16 bit variable Modification of the above example anit a5 long 1 11 Il 1 gt gt 15 Assign the result to a 32 bit variable i nbs 4 6 15 Precaution about utl30 C compiler user s manual Appendix G the SBDATA declaration amp SPECIAL page Function declaration utility utl30 on Page
15. andard input output functions and OnChipDebugger both use UART1 R20UT0443EJ0300 Rev 3 00 Page 27 of 32 Dec 15 2010 RENESAS For M16C Series R8C Family C compiler Package V 5 45 Release 01 Release note Selecting the stack size New Project 3 5 Setting the Stack Area What are the stack settings 9 v Use User Stack Stack i erupt Stack Pointer Stack Size 0300 a1 lt Back n gt Finish Cancel 9 Choose to use or not use the user stack If this check box is unselected settings are changed so that the user stack will not be used in the start function 10 Set the user stack size The define value in cstartdef h is changed 11 Set the interrupt stack size The define value in cstartdef h is changed To change the stack size or HEAP size after you created a project change the respective values that are set in cstartdef h as shown below define STACKSIZE _ 0x80 define ISTACKSIZE _ 0x80 define _HEAPSIZE _ 0x80 R20UT0443EJ0300 Rev 3 00 Page 28 of 32 Dec 15 2010 2tENESAS For M16C Series R8C Family C compiler Package V 5 45 Release 01 List of registered files New Project 5 5 Changing the File Names to be Created resetprg initsct initsct fyvector intprg sht62 sht62 heap test10 cstartdef Pa Eee LN a I ag TON Here you can check the list of files to be registered R20UT0443EJ0300 Rev 3 00 32 Dec 15 2010 Finish Cancel
16. ccccesssssssecececsecessssscecececeeeeeseqnceeeeececeesenssaeeeeeesesensesseseeeeeeees 4 4 5 Precautions on M16C Series R8C Family Dependent Code ccccccccssssceeesssececessseeeeeesseeeeesseeeessseeeeees 4 4 5 1 Precautions regarding the M16C interrupt control register cccccceccsscceceessececessseeecessseeeeeessseeeeeees 4 4 5 2 Precautions about access Of SFR area cccccccssccccessssececsesseeecsessececsesnececeessaeeecsesaeeeesesaeeeesesaeeeeseaaeeneaas 5 4 5 3 About specifying the interrupt control register ccccccceessececeessececsesseceessesaeeecseaeeeceeaeeeeseaeeeeneaas 5 4 5 4 Regarding M16C 62 4M extended mode ccceeccssceceessececeessececeesececsesseeecsesseeecnesseeeesesaeeeesesseeeensaas 5 4 5 5 Section FirmRam_NE and the Value of the SB Register when the On Chip Debugger is Selected 6 4 5 6 When Using a M16C Series MCU That Has a Reserved Area from FFFD8h to FFFDBh 6 4 6 Precautions about Compiler Assembler Linkage Editor and Utilities ccccccccesessteceeseneeeeeeesaeeees 6 4 6 1 About Oglobal fra COG sisiencsesiissnnpiccsisteicrsenlesiiiessaeieis enetnaeaeebelinieh uadawadohieiapenatiasen 6 4 6 2 About Using Inline Functions OLU and OFFTI at the Same Time ccceccceesseceeeesteeeeenenes 7 4 6 3 About Hie pane eT IP os wrx neinscnsncastonee seo ncn iain ties brewer era ncesuntiun ce iebaivhaeetineniverniepleleooannimigncesesRimccnneehin 7 4 6 4 Precaution for Assemb
17. cel 2 3 R20UT0443EJ0300 Rev 3 00 32 Dec 15 2010 2tENESAS Page 30 of For M16C Series R8C Family C compiler Package V 5 45 Release 01 Release note If you added a new section with pragma SECTION click the Edit button in 1 to open the Section window While the Sectiondialog has the focus click the Add button in 2 Add section Section name The Add section dialog will be launched so enter the name of the new section that you want The section you ve entered will be registered so move the section to the area in which you want it to be located by using the Up or Down arrow in 3 R20UT0443EJ0300 Rev 3 00 Page 31 of 32 Dec 15 2010 RENESAS For M16C Series R8C Family C compiler Package V 5 45 Release 01 Release note 9 The error in writing of the manual M16C Series R8C Family C Compiler Package V 5 45 C Compiler User s Manual Rev 3 has some errors that must be corrected as shown in the table below E 2 2 List of Standard Library Functions by Function Table E 8 Mathematical Functions Function Reentrant errors Reentrant correct x acos asin atan2 log log10 pow sqrt acosf asinf atan2f log10f sinf OJOJOJOLOJOJOJOJOJOJOJO x xixixixi x x x x x x R20UT0443EJ0300 Rev 3 00 Page 32 of 32 Dec 15 2010 RENESAS
18. clared using the far qualifier this macro function must be enabled This option is invalid only when R8C option is specified heap c only when memory management functions such as malloc are used pragma SECTION bss heap ssesteeneeeseessseceesseete 1 _UBYTE heap_areal_HEAPSIZB_J 9000 2 1 Locates the heap area in the heap_NE section If the heap size consists of an odd number of bytes the heap_NO section is assumed by default 2 Reserves storage for the heap area by an amount equal to the size defined in___ HEAPSIZE_ R20UT0443EJ0300 Rev 3 00 Page 20 of 32 Dec 15 2010 RENESAS For M16C Series R8C Family C compiler Package V 5 45 Release 01 Release note fvector c essential pragma sectaddress vector TATTLE TTT pragma interrupt v_dummy_int fudi o wrrrtrnrnennennnnnnne 2 pragma interrupt v _dummy_int over_flow pragma interrupt v _dummy_int brki pragma interrupt v _dummy_int address_match pragma interrupt v _dummy_int single_step pragma interrupt v _dummy_int wdt pragma interrupt v_dummy_int dbc pragma interrupt v _dummy_int nmi pragma interrupt v start 12 tet tenn nnnn ence nncnes 3 1 Outputs the section and address of a fixed vector table This pragma is used exclusively for startup and cannot normally be used 2 Fills fixed vectors other than reset with a dummy function _dummy_int pragma interrupt v Function_Na
19. de In C Source code that HEW High performance Embedded Workshop generates automatically it is found that some rules are against the MISRAC Rule but these violations do not constitute a drawback to any operation 7 2 1 Cause of Rule Violation In C Source code that HEW generates the major causes for rule violation are as follows C Compiler specifications pragma etc cope of variable defined by Header File Definition of type used in Bit Field 7 2 2 Inspection No running counter to the rule The following are Inspection Nos that run counter to the Rule 13 14 22 34 36 37 43 45 46 49 54 59 69 76 82 85 99 104 2 These results were produced after inspection using MISRAC Rule Checker SQMLint R20UT0443EJ0300 Rev 3 00 Page 14 of 32 Dec 15 2010 RENESAS For M16C Series R8C Family C compiler Package V 5 45 Release 01 110 111 115 7 2 3 Evaluation Environment M3T NC380WA V 5 45 Release 00 c misra_all Compiler Compile Option MISRA C Checker 124 126 SQMlint V 1 03 Release 00 7 2 4 pragma extended functions for use in C start up Misra C rule 99 Release note Extended Function Definition Description Function Remark File pragma STACKSIZE resetprg h Defines the user The stack section stack For compiler use only and stack size is output and the top strictly not for user label name of the stack is generated pragma ISTACKSIZE
20. declared by this pragma example pragma interrupt heap c Changes the name The section name is Refer to Appendix B7 resetprg c of a section changed to the one for syntax and initsct h defined by this pragma example resetprg c firm c pragma ADDRESS Each sfr Defines the I O equ is used to define the Refer to Appendix B7 header file address and T O address for sfr defined for syntax and declares a variable by this pragma example R20UT0443EJ0300 Rev 3 00 Page 15 of 32 Dec 15 2010 2RENESAS For M16C Series R8C Family C compiler Package V 5 45 Release 01 Release note 8 C language Startups V 5 40 Release 00 A or earlier version of compilers does not support startup programs written in C language Please note that the conventional startups written in assembler such as ncrt0 a380 sect30 inc and nc_define inc can be used the same way as in the past To use the conventional ncrt0 a30 sect30 inc and nc_define inc select Application indicated by 1 in the new project workspace below New Project Workspace Projects 1 i Application a Birem a Ts Empty Application E t Name kE Import Makefile Eraik Library Directory F WorkS pace Browse CPU family M16C bd Tool chain Renesas M16C Standard Se Aoslests Properties 8 1 Generated Files The C language startup includes the following files 1 resetprg c Initializes the microcomputer 2 initsct c Initializes
21. e V 5 45 Release 01 Release note 8 Initializes the user stack pointer if you chose Use the user stack in the workspace creation wizard 9 Sets the SB register to address 0x400 which sets the start address of RAM 10 Sets the variable vector address in the INTB register 11 Initializes each section by clearing them to 0 and transferring initial values 12 Initializes the stack pointer again after the initialization of sections 13 Initializes the heap area If memory management functions are used call to this function must be enabled 14 Initializes the standard input output library If standard input output functions are used call to this function must be enabled 15 Calls the main function initsct c essential The content of this file varies with the selected MCU M16C or R8C void initsct void sclear bss_SE data align sclear bss_SO data noalign sclear bss_NE data align sclear bss_NO data noalign ifndef _NEAR_ _ endif sclear_f bss_FE data align sclear_f bss_FO data noalign add new sections bss_clear new section name scopy data_SE data align scopy data_SO data noalign scopy data_NE data align scopy data_NO data noalign ifndef _NEAR_ endif scopy_f data_FE data align scopy_f data_FO data noalign R20UT0443EJ0300 Rev 3 00 32 Dec 15 2010 2RENESAS Page 19 of Fo
22. e _STANDARD_IO_ O BeBe RaeDerenandeateoce 4 define _WATCH_DOG_ Qe eeeenadetereeeeense lt de 5 1 Varies according to the stack size that you entered in the creating workspace wizard 2 Varies according to the interrupt stack size that you entered in the creating workspace wizard 3 Varies according to the heap size that you entered in the creating workspace wizard 4 Set to 1 if you chose to Use the standard input output function in the creating workspace wizard 5 Should be set to 1 if the WATCHDOG feature needs to be enabled immediately after reset R8C Family Tiny only If you want to change the above again after you ve created a new workspace be sure to change this file directly initsct h essential Please do not alter the content of this file resetprg h essential If using On Chip Debugger please refer to the section 3 3 5 Section FirmRam_NE and the Value of the SB Register when the On Chip Debugger is Selected in this release note typedef h essential Please do not alter the content of this file R20UT0443EJ0300 Rev 3 00 Page 23 of 32 Dec 15 2010 RENESAS For M16C Series R8C Family C compiler Package V 5 45 Release 01 Release note 8 3 How to Generate a C language Startup Selecting the project that uses a C language startup New Project Workspace Projects Workspace Name 1 ein Project Name tara SEEE Library test Directory F AWorkSpace testl Browse
23. each section by clearing them to 0 and transferring initial values 3 heap c Reserves storage for the heap area 4 fvector c Defines the fixed vector table 5 intprg c Declares the entry function for variable vector interrupts 6 firm c firm_ram c Reserves storage for the program and workspace areas used by firm of FoUSB E8 as dummy areas when OnChipDebugger is selected Please do not alter the file 7 estartdef h Defines the sizes of stack and heap R20UT0443EJ0300 Rev 3 00 Page 16 of 32 Dec 15 2010 RENESAS For M16C Series R8C Family C compiler Package V 5 45 Release 01 Release note 8 initsct h Contains statements for the processes assembler macros that initialize each section Please do not alter the file 9 resetprg h Includes each header file 10 typedef h Declares each type by typedef Please do not alter the file 11 sfrXX h sfrXX inc The sfr definition header file of CPU chosen when a project was created is registered to the work space R20UT0443EJ0300 Rev 3 00 Page 17 of 32 Dec 15 2010 RENESAS For M16C Series R8C Family C compiler Package V 5 45 Release 01 8 2 Processing of Each Generated File resetprg c essential The content of this file varies with the selected MCU M16C or R8C Release note pragma section program interrupt a E E TOY void start void _isp_ amp _istack_top set interrupt stack pointer s prer 0x02 change protect mode register
24. edef name 5 Contents of upgrade from V 5 45 Release 00 5 1 Contents of upgrade about C compiler 5 1 1 Fixed Problems The following known problems have been fixed With Errors Arising after Linking is Performed RENESAS TOOL NEWS http tool support renesas com eng toolnews 091116 tn3 htm With Calculating Stack Usage RENESAS TOOL NEWS http tool support renesas com eng toolnews 091116 tn2 htm With the function for automatically generating variable vector tables RENESAS TOOL NEWS http tool support renesas com eng toolnews 091001 tn4 htm 5 2 Contents of upgrade about High performance Embedded Workshop 5 2 1 Fixed Problems e With using SQMlint the MISRA C rule checker with High performance Embedded Workshop RENESAS TOOL NEWS http tool support renesas com eng toolnews 090801 tn1 htm R20UT0443EJ0300 Rev 3 00 Page 12 of 32 Dec 15 2010 RENESAS For M16C Series R amp 8C Family C compiler Package V 5 45 Release 01 Release note 6 Software version list of C Compiler Package The following lists the software items and their versions include with C Compiler Package V 5 45 Release 01 nc30 V 6 03 22 003 cpp30 V 4 10 00 000 ccom30 V 5 32 04 003 aopt30 V 1 04 04 001 sbauto V 1 00 00 000 as30 V 5 15 00 001 mac30 V 3 42 00 000 pre30 V 1 10 12 asp30 V 5 14 00 000 1n30 V 5 15 00 001 1b30 V 1 02 00 000 lmc30 V 4 02 01 000 xrf30 V 2 02 00 000
25. eiianri nE N a ar a 32 R20UT0443EJ0300 Rev 3 00 Page 2 of 32 Dec 15 2010 RENESAS For M16C Series R8C Family C compiler Package V 5 45 Release 01 Release note 1 About Installation of C compiler Package For details on how to install please refer to Install Guide 2 The latest information Please refer to the following for the latest information on this product http tool support renesas com eng toolnews p_m16c_1 htm 3 Update of the C Compiler User s Manual The user s manual that is installed along with the compiler contains some errors Download the latest user s manual from the Renesas Web site to replace the old one http documentation renesas com eng products tool rej10531995_nc30_u pdf 4 Precautions on Product When using the compiler please be sure to follow the precautions and suggestions described below 4 1 About Integrated Development Environment TM TM does NOT support M38T NC30WA V 5 45 Release 01 Therefore the following cannot be specified 1 Create a new project of M3T NC30WA V 5 45 Release 01 with TM 2 Port the projects created by TM to High performance Embedded Workshop Please refer to C Compiler Package Guidebook for the method of porting the project created by TM to High performance Embedded Workshop 4 2 About the version of MR30 Real time OS This C compiler can be used with M3T MR30 V 3 30 Release 1 or later versions Caution When you install M3T MR30 please be s
26. essaaees 14 diel Cause Of Rule Violation sscccceiiecccdesfeeset siccies ceedeees Sbecbaes EEE TEET 14 7 1 2 Inspection No running counter to the rule ccccccccccccccessessssececeeeceesenssaececececsesensaeseceeeecsesensaeeeaes 14 71 8 Evaluation Environment isisccccdscccccscissecaccictecssstevaceseaes sien ituske vuad eee satiate andes ede EAEEREN ANRIA EEA EEEN TESA 14 7 2 Conformance with MISRA C Rule in HEW Generation Source Code cceccccesssceeeesseceeessneeeesesseeeeees 14 Tal Cause Of Rule ViOla tions cc 2cecceccescecctaccedeccecrsccttceedveateeetiwsaveced ected eadesave cats calalacwsatidecededeniieenctetccnseleewan 14 7 2 2 Inspection No running counter to the rule ccccccccccccceseessssececeeeceesessaaececececsesesssaeseeeeeeesesensaseeens 14 Tad Evaluation Environ MeNi sensein earran e EAEE ROR 15 7 2 4 pragma extended functions for use in C start up Misra C rule 99 ceccccecsesscsceseescssesecsseseeseees 15 SB CQlanguage Start pS eeit anini nni aAa ea AAAA TAN Naa raa iE AEEA Rari rannani Aana NaRa AINE 16 Bib Generated Piles S E E A E E A E E S A 16 8 2 Processing of Each Generated File cccccccccccsessessecececececsesssececeeeceesensesaaeceeececsesesaaeeeeeceeseneeeseeeeeeeeeses 18 8 3 How to Generate a C language Startup cccccccessssececececsessssececeeeceessesesssaeceecceesessseaeeceseeesenssaeaeseseeeenes 24 9 The error in writing of the man alieniscenorieririsineaic
27. g of a program using _Bool type When you debug the program which uses the _BOOL type please confirm whether the debugger supports the _BOOL type In using the debugger which does not support the _BOOL type please use a debugging option gbool_to_char gBTC at the time of compile 4 6 9 Precautions regarding the preprocessing directive define To define a macro which will be made the same value as the macro ULONG_MAX always be sure to add the suffix UL 4 6 10 Precautions on macro definition If the name of a macro itself is used in the content of a macro definition and the defined macro is specified in an argument to other function like macro macro replacement cannot be executed correctly Example int a 10 define a ata macro name a define p x y X t y void func void int i p a a results in i 80 i 40 is correct Workaround Make sure the macros passed to the arguments to function like macros are defined with a name that is not used in the macro definition int a 10 define b ata Change to a macro name that is not a define p x y x y void func void int i p b b R20UT0443EJ0300 Rev 3 00 Page 8 of 32 Dec 15 2010 2RENESAS For M16C Series R8C Family C compiler Package V 5 45 Release 01 Release note 4 6 11 Precautions on if preprocessing directive If a constant expression of if directive is a shift whose left opera
28. is file directly The content is altered automatically depending on the target MCU and selected FoUSB E8 ifdef _E8_ for E8 pragma section bss FirmArea ifndef WORK_RAM define WORK RAM _ 0x80 Hendif _UBYTE _workraml_WORK_RAM_ pragma section bss FirmArea _far UBYTE _firmarea 0x800 dummy for monitor else II for FOUSB pragma section bss FirmRam _UBYTE_workram 0x80 for Firmware s workram pragma section bss FirmArea _far _UBYTE _firmarea 0x600 dummy for monitor endif 1 Enables E8 when it is to be used 2 Allocates the work ram area to be used by the E8 firmware in the FirmRam_NE section 3 Reserves the area of work ram for the size defined as __WORK__RAM 4 Locates the firmware program of E8 in the FirmArea section 5 Specifies the size of the firmware program 6 Allocates the work ram area to be used by the FoUSB firmware in the FirmRam_NE section R20UT0443EJ0300 Rev 3 00 Page 22 of 32 Dec 15 2010 RENESAS For M16C Series R8C Family C compiler Package V 5 45 Release 01 Release note 7 Reserves 0x80 bytes of storage for the work ram area It depends on the corresponding microcomputer type 8 Locates the firmware program of FoUSB in the FirmArea section 9 Specifies the size of the firmware program cstartdef c essential Rising STACKSIZE ETETEA E acai define _ISTACKSIZE_ 0x80 2 _ define _HEAPSIZE 0X80 beset 3 defin
29. ize may be provided in inspector information and the stack size display file with extension stk As a result the values of stack size calculated by the STKViewer and CallWalker utilizing inspector information and the stk30 stack size calculate utility utilizing the stack size display file will be false Tool News http tool support renesas com eng toolnews 070701 tn5 htm Conditions This problem occurs if the following conditions are all satisfied 1 Compile option Ostack_frame_align OSFA is selected 2 Compile option genter is not selected 3 In the program exists a function that does not make any stack frame In order that no function can make the stack frame the following three conditions must be met The function does not take arguments passed via the stack In the function exist no auto variables except for the ones assigned to registers or auto variables have been deleted by the optimization of the compiler The compiler does not create any temporary variables Example void sub unsigned int void func void Condition 3 sub 10 Workaround Do Not select compile option Ostack_frame_align OSFA or use genter along with Ostack_frame_align OSFA R20UT0443EJ0300 Rev 3 00 Page 10 of 32 Dec 15 2010 RENESAS For M16C Series R8C Family C compiler Package V 5 45 Release 01 Release note 4 6 14 Precaution about performing right shift operations
30. ler start up files ncrt0 a30 sect30 inc ne_define ine ererree 7 4 6 5 About the standard VO function cccccccccsscecesssececsesseeeeeseseeeceeseeecseaeeeesesaeeeeeesaeeeceeaaeeecnseeeeenaas 7 4 6 6 Precautions about the search of an include file eeccccccecssececeessececeesececsessaeeeesesaeeeeseaeeeeseseeeeneaas 7 4 6 7 Precautions to be taken when using pragma ASM ENDASM and asm ososi 8 4 6 8 Precautions about debugging of a program using _Bool type ccccccssccccesssececeessececeesseeeesenneeeeneaas 8 4 6 9 Precautions regarding the preprocessing directive HdefINe cceceessssecececceceesessececeeeceecessntsseeeeeess 8 4 6 10 Precautions on Macro definition cccecceessececsssececsecececeesaeeeceesaeeeceesaeeecesesaeeeceesaeeeesesaeeeceeaaeensegas 8 4 6 11 Precautions on if preprocessing CiVeCtivVe cccccccecessssssssececcceceesscsssecececeesesssnsseeececsesensestsaeeeeeesees 9 4 6 12 Calls to functions that return a structure result in a system CLTON ccccccecccececeessnsececeeeeeeeeeees 9 4 6 18 Precaution about Ostack_frame_align OSFA cccscscsscssssesssscsssseescsessesessesesscsesseescaeseeseeeeees 10 4 6 14 Precaution about performing right shift OPeratiONns cccccccccecceeeessssscececeesesesssnscecececeeceenentaeees 11 4 6 15 Precaution about Ut BO orescence nirre E E E EE EN EEE EEEE TEE EE EEEE 11 R20UT0443EJ0300 Rev 3 00 Page 1 of 32 Dec 15 2010 RENESA
31. me The Function_Name is registered in the vector table When the function is defined this definition needs pragma interrupt 3 Defines the entry function The function to be executed upon reset is registered in a fixed vector intprg c This file may be needed depends on the target MCU DMAO software int 8 pragma interrupt _dma0 vect 8 void _dma0 void DMA1 software int 9 pragma interrupt _dmal vect 9 void _dmal void I DMA2 software int 10 pragma interrupt _dma2 vect 10 void _dma2 void DMAS software int 11 pragma interrupt _dma3 vect 11 void _dma3 void Skipped R20UT0443EJ0300 Rev 3 00 Page 21 of 32 Dec 15 2010 RENESAS For M16C Series R8C Family C compiler Package V 5 45 Release 01 Release note 1 Declares the variable vector interrupt function The functions corresponding to each variable vector interrupt function are declared A variable vector table is generated at the same time 2 Defines the variable vector interrupt function Please write the content of processing in the functions corresponding to the interrupt vector numbers used Example To use interrupt vector number 9 DMA1 pragma interrupt _dmal vect 9 void __dmal void d Omission 3 If intprg c is unnecessary Please remove it from file registration to exclude it from the target to be linked firm c firm_ram c Only when on chip debugger is selected DO NOT change the content of th
32. n Do not change lt resetprg h gt define DEF_SBREGISTER _asm glb B_ n SB equ 0400H MCU Concerned as of May 16 2009 M16C 26 M16C 26A M16C 28 M16C 29 M16C 30P M16C 62P M16C 6N4 M16C 6N5 M16C 6NK M16C 6NL M16C 6NM M16C 6NN M16C 6S M16C 64 M16C 64A M16C 65 4 5 6 When Using a M16C Series MCU That Has a Reserved Area from FFFD8h to FFFDBh Special page vector table functions pragma SPECIAL and assembler directive svector are not usable 4 6 Precautions about Compiler Assembler Linkage Editor and Utilities 4 6 1 About Oglobal_jmp OGJ If the compiler option Oglobal_jmp OGJ the assembler option JOPT and the link option JOPT are used and the link option ORDER or LOC is specified more than one time only either ORDER or LOC that is specified last time becomes effective and a linkage error occurs As a result If ORDER is specified more than one time a linkage error will occur If LOC is specified more than one time allocation will not be done properly Please be sure to specify ORDER and LOC respectively one by one R20UT0443EJ0300 Rev 3 00 Page 6 of 32 Dec 15 2010 RENESAS For M16C Series R8C Family C compiler Package V 5 45 Release 01 Release note 4 6 2 About Using Inline Functions OLU and OFFTI at the Same Time If the compiler option Oloop_unroll OLU and Oforward_function_to_inline OFFTD
33. nd is a negative value and right operand is a value of unsigned type the result of the shift expression cannot be worked correctly Example void func void char a if 1 lt lt 1U gt 0 Determined to be tru a 1 1 lt lt 1U is 2 so that it correctly is false else a 2 endif Workaround If the left operand of of signed type a shift is a negative value change the right operand of that shift to a value void func void char a LE L lt lt I y 0 a 1 else a 2 endif Disuse of the suffix U changes the right operand of a shift to signed type 4 6 12 Calls to functions that return a structure result in a system error System Error occurs when a return value of a function which returns a structure is used to initialize an auto structure variable Example typedef struct tag long abc st st func int void main st stl func 10 R20UT0443EJ0300 Rev 3 00 Dec 15 2010 Page 9 of 32 2RENESAS For M16C Series R8C Family C compiler Package V 5 45 Release 01 Release note Workaround Make sure that structure variables of storage class auto are defined separately from the initialization of those variables void main st stl stl func 10 4 6 13 Precaution about Ostack_frame_align OSFA If compile option Ostack_frame_align OSFA is used incorrect values of stack s
34. r M16C Series R8C Family C compiler Package V 5 45 Release 01 Release note 1 sclear Clears the bss section of the near area to zero If the bss section name is altered or a new bss section name is added using the pragma SECTION bss feature NE and NO must be altered or added in pairs sclear section name NE data align sclear section name NO data noalign Example When a section is added by pragma section bss bss2 the following must be added to initsct c sclear bss2_NE data align sclear bss2_NO data noalign 2 sclear_f Clears the bss section of the far area to zero If an external variable without initial values is declared using the far qualifier this macro function must be enabled This option is invalid only when R8C option is specified 3 scopy Transfers initial values to the data section of the near area If the data section name is altered or a new dada section name is added using the pragma SECTION data feature NE and NO must be altered or added in pairs scopy section name_NE data align scopy section name_NO data noalign Example When a section is added by pragma section data data2 the following must be added to initsct c scopy data2_NE data align scopy data2_NO data noalign 4 scopy_f Transfers initial values to the data section of the far area If an external variable with initial values is de
35. resetprg h Defines the The interrupt stack For compiler use only and interrupt stack size section istack is output strictly not for user and the top label name of the interrupt stack is generated pragma CREG resetprg h Declares an internal A special instruction is For compiler use only and register of the used to generate code for strictly not for user MCU access to an internal register declared by this pragma pragma sectaddress resetprg h Defines a section The section name For compiler use only and fvector c Its address can also declared by this pragma strictly not for user be declared at the is used to define a section same time When its address is specified at the same time an address definition using a pseudo instruction org is output pragma entry resetprg h Declares a function An enter instruction to For compiler use only and to be executed at configure a stack frame strictly not for user the time of a reset for the function declared by this pragma is not output This is because the enter instruction should not be generated before the stack pointer is initialized pragma interrupt V fvetor c Generates a vector Only the interrupt vector Refer to Appendix B7 table is defined for the function for syntax and declared by this pragma example pragma interrupt intprg c Declares an Interrupt function code is Refer to Appendix B7 fvector c interrupt function generated for the function for syntax and
36. ure to install in the same directory bin lib30 inc30 as this C compiler package 4 3 Suggestions Concerning File Names The file names directory names and Workspace names that can be specified are subject to the following restrictions The directory file or workspace name which comprised of ASCII character code only can be used Only one period can be used in a file name 1 Workspace is a working directory used for processing like the compilation build or debugging on High performance Embedded Workshop R20UT0443EJ0300 Rev 3 00 Page 3 of 32 Dec 15 2010 RENESAS For M16C Series R8C Family C compiler Package V 5 45 Release 01 Release note Network path names cannot be used Assign the path to a drive name Shortcut cannot be used The symbol cannot be used as a means of specifying two or more directories If the limitations above are violated the following problems may occur The value set by the assembler directive commands id ofsreg protect rvector or svector cannot operate correctly As a result the ID code and the option function select register may not be set correctly Call Walker to refer to the stack size is not displayed correctly The MAP Viewer to refer to the map information in the absolute module file isn t displayed correctly The setting by these assembler directive commands isn t displayed in map file Acompile error like Can t open file arises A message like
37. v pm0 0x00 set processor mode register e prer 0x00 change protect mode register w flg _ F value_ set flag register uuan _ if _STACKSIZE_ 0 _sp_ amp _stack_top set user stack pointer endif set variable vector s address _asm lde topof vector gt gt 16 amp 0FFFFh INTBH 017 _asm Ide topof vector amp 0FFFFh INTBL initsctQ initialize each sections _ if _STACKSIZE_ 0 _sp_ amp _stack_top set user stack pointer Helse _isp_ amp istack_top set interrupt stack pointer i Hendif if__HEAPSIZE__ 0 _ endif _ if _STANDARD_IO_ 0 _init0 initialize standard I O endif _fb_ 0 initialize FB registe for debugger mainQ call main routine exit call exit _sb_ 0x400 400H fixation Do not change 2 heap_initQ II initialize heap res 2 The function body of the CPU initialization function start is defined 3 Initializes the interrupt stack pointer 4 Sets the protect register to Write enabled 5 Sets the processor mode register to single chip mode If modes need to be changed this expression must be altered 6 Sets the protect register to Write inhibited 7 Sets the U flag If you chose Use the user stack in the workspace creation wizard the user stack pointer is set R20UT0443EJ0300 Rev 3 00 32 Dec 15 2010 RENESAS Page 18 of For M16C Series R8C Family C compiler Packag

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