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1. Canada CWEC weather data set contains the cities listed in the table above New CWEC data is provided for 41 of these cities TMY data provided for Regina is the same as was provided on the previous Canada amp US Border Cities data disk In addition TMY data for Buffalo NY and International Falls MN is provided for those applications in which the building site is closer to one of these US cities than the nearest CWEC site On the new Northeast USA amp Eastern Canada data disks simulation weather data for the Canadian cities listed in Table 2 was updated with CWEC data Table 2 Updated Cities on Northeast USA amp Eastern Canada Data Disks Nova Scotia Shearwater Halifax Prince Edward Island Charlottetown Quebec Montreal Quebec Finally on the Pacific USA amp Western Canada data disks simulation weather data for the Canadian cities listed in Table 3 was updated with CWEC data Note that TMY data for Regina Saskatchewan is the same as provided on previous versions of the weather data disks Table 3 Updated Cities on Pacific USA amp Western Canada Data Disks Alberta Manitoba Edmonton Winnipeg New Brunswick Fredericton Newfoundland St Johns Ontario Ottawa Toronto British Columbia Vancouver The updated Canada weather data disks are being sent free of charge to all Canadian customers Updated data disks are also being sent to those US customers who currently have the Canada No
2. By 5 10 Month hr month NEWS II Plant Capacity Insufficient to Meet Load By gt 10 hr month Page 9 demand is between 120 and 126 tons For 2 hours the chiller is deficient by 5 to 10 i e the demand is between 126 and 132 tons and for 2 hours the chiller is deficient by more than 10 i e the demand is above 132 tons Causes Unmet load conditions result from one of the two causes listed below Each will be discussed further in the application sections of this article e A plant load exceeds the plant capacity e A load exists but the plant has been turned off Applications Constant Capacity Certain plant models in HAP assume constant capacity over the range of operating conditions experienced Heating plants and computer generated chiller models are examples of models assuming constant capacity For example if a chiller has a 120 ton capacity any cooling demands larger than 120 tons will result in an unmet load condition When this type of problem occurs the largest number of unmet loads will occur in peak cooling months for cooling equipment and peak heating months for heating equipment The number of unmet load hours will decrease in intermediate and off peak months When evaluating this problem first consider the number of unmet load conditions If relatively few unmet load hours exist and all are conditions in which the equipment is deficient by small amounts the problem may not
3. MCF 9 439 10 155 common control option used for CAV systems For VAV systems it is assumed special damper controls or booster fans are used to maintain a constant ventilation rate as the supply fan airflow varies Note that this control also allows the user to specify whether ventilation dampers are open or closed during unoccupied periods Thus this control provides simple scheduling capabilities for eliminating ventilation airflow for unoccupied times Proportional to Supply Air Control represents Electric OpCost yr 399 157 404 768 Bldg OpCost yr 440 929 448 183 Bldg Peak kW Using Outdoor Ventilation Control Options in HAP and SDL When defining air handling systems in HAP and the System Design Load program users can choose among four different options for controlling outdoor ventilation air Constant Airflow Proportional to Supply Air Scheduled CO2 Sensor This article briefly describes these options and their intended applications Each control option will be discussed separately below Constant Airflow Control maintains outdoor ventilation at the design airflow rate for all occupied period hours and for unoccupied period hours when the ventilation dampers are open For constant volume systems constant ventilation airflow can be maintained without special controls and is the most 400 Ton DF Absorp plus 400 Ton Centrifugal Total Bldg kWh yr_ 3 634 878 3 695 207 Total Bldg Gas MCF
4. 40 NA 1 200 Engr Economic Analysis 2 10 95 380 1195 4 200 150 154 95 250 352 250 256 795 2 300 3 12 1 12 3 00 2 00 2 01 1 12 110 95 64 3 03 150 860 min 385 E CAT Programs 1 82 NC 3 384 112 NC 2 500 1 12 NC 450 2 30 NC 218 141 NC 1 100 215 NC 1 370 5 50 NC 1 608 2 10 NC 582 2 20 NC 774 42 Series Fan Coil Selection 2 01 NC 688 Key H Hard Disk Required M Math Coprocessor Recommended NC No Charge NA Not Applicable 204 82 min 126 5 N lt lt Nn ow 5 B A N T nod food ar arl ae fe eeter an zZ lt Software Support Software Correspondence E20 II customers are provided with free unlimited For information about software licenses renewals software support as part of the software license mailings and changes of address please contact Software support is provided through your local Carrier distributor or sales office the Carrier Carrier Corporation Regional Software Managers RSMs and the Software Systems Network Syracuse software support staff To obtain software TR 1 Room 250 assistance from an RSM or from Syracuse simply P O Box 4808 8 ne i Syracuse New York 13221 call our toll free support line listed below E E A E Toll Free Support Line 1 800 253 1794 Phone 315 432 7072 FAX 315 432 6844
5. Corrects several bugs which existed in ACAPS v1 80 e Applied Acoustics Server v1 12 Corrects one bug involving acoustic analysis for reciprocating chillers e Electronic Catalog Configuration Program v1 41 Corrects one program bug Program release sheets provide further information on each updated program Customers will receive all the Electronic Catalog updates automatically Only those customers who license the individual E20 II programs will receive these updates e Copyright 1995 Carrier Corporation Page 1 Printed on Recycled Paper Page 2 1994 1995 E20 II Basic Training Schedules Extended Eight new dates were recently added to the 1994 1995 schedule of E20 II Basic Training Classes to extend the schedule through August The E20 II Basic Training Classes provide in depth hands on training for individual E20 II programs They are intended for new E20 II users and existing users who want a refresher course Separate classes are being offered for HAP v3 1 Block Load v2 1 and Duct Design v3 2 The HAP session is a full day class with an enrollment fee of 150 per person This fee includes lunch The Block Load and Duct Design sessions are half day classes with an enrollment fee of 75 per person For the Block Load and Duct Design classes the fee does not include lunch Dates for the additional classes are provided in the table below Customers were sent schedule and registration information by direct mail during Apri
6. For example if a DX cooling unit is defined with a 10 ton capacity at 95 F outdoor air and a 10 ton load occurs at 100 F outdoor air an unmet load condition will occur because the unit capacity drops below 10 tons at temperatures warmer than the 95 F To determine how to correct these problems first determine the size and time of large loads using the graph and display options for plant simulation results which were described earlier in this article Second determine the operating conditions for the specific hour when these large loads occur For a DX cooling unit for example the outdoor air temperature for these hours would be determined from simulation weather printouts Finally this data should be used in conjunction with the equipment performance graphs in Chapter 12 of the Energy Analysis User s Manual to determine what conditions cause unmet loads and how much plant capacity should be increased to resolve these problems For user defined plant models a similar approach would be employed using load data the corresponding operating conditions and user defined capacity data to determine how to correct the problem Applications Equipment Cutoff Finally for DX cooling equipment and for air source heat pumps equipment cutoff points are defined below which the equipment is not permitted to operate For example if an air system cooling coil load exists for an outdoor temperature below the cooling equipment cutoff temperature
7. analysis for a building which contains a 42 zone VAV RH system Each zone VAV box contains an electric reheat coil When I define the electric resistance heating plant HAP asks me to specify the coils in the air system served by electric heat I do this by entering values on the Air System Selection Screen When I do this should I specify a 42 in the terminal heating column to account for the reheat coils in all 42 zones Or should I simply specify I as the quantity and assume the program will use electric heat for all 42 zone reheat coils A You should specify a quantity of 1 Do not specify 42 When specifying which heating coils in an air system are served by heating equipment assignments are made on a system wide basis Thus if you specify a quantity of 1 for terminal reheat coils the program will automatically use that heating equipment for the terminal reheat coils for all zones in the system GC EUA E Plants Llectric heststante Me LLY SLLLET LLY Matti COP CRLGAY etteatl denira Feratie June Mi SYSE RE The Air System Selection Screen HAP Plant Input Page 12 NEWS II Spring 1995 Program Name Version Ist Year Disk Space Disk Space Number License for Program for Data Fee Fee kB kB E20 II Programs Applied Acoustics 1 10 295 2 000 2 11 350 356 2 12 495 654 1 00 195 646 3 24 295 1 260 2 14 595 2 560 36 326 236 min 200 min 348 E20 II Configuration 1
8. features for easily modeling both simple and complex arrangements such as these A Useful Shortcut When working with a simple network which contains two or more identical chillers it is not necessary to enter and store data for each individual chiller separately For example suppose a network consists of three identical 150 ton chillers Instead of entering and storing the same individual chiller data three times the chiller data can be entered once When defining the network simply connect the same chiller to the network three times This reduces the input effort by two thirds Nuances One common point of confusion about network modeling involves the use of individual chiller data in a network simulation Because data is entered in two stages certain input items for the chiller network plant supersede data entered for the individual chillers e Specification of air systems served by the plant e Chiller water reset specifications e Specifications for direct and indirect free cooling for the individual chiller are currently not able to be used in chiller network simulations For further information on modeling chiller networks please refer to the Energy Analysis User s Manual for HAP pages 3 7 and 12 15 thru 12 17 Spring 1995 Using the Unmet Load Printout to Diagnose Plant Simulation Problems While simulating the operation of plant equipment in HAP the program continually checks plant capacity against the hourl
9. objective of the study was to support an absorption cooling technology transfer workshop being developed by the American Gas Cooling Center However the study also provided an opportunity to compare HAP and DOE 2 1 results for a controlled case study This comparison showed close agreement between HAP and DOE 2 1D which many engineers consider to be a benchmark in the industry The American Gas Cooling Center AGCC is a non profit organization that directly supports technology transfer relating to natural gas cooling The transfer of this technology from the research community to the architect and engineering community is crucial to the successful marketing of gas cooling technology The AGCC facilitates this technology transfer with educational programs The Absorption Technology Transfer Workshop TTW is the first in a series of educational programs being developed by the AGCC The objectives of the workshop are to enhance engineers ability to properly analyze select and specify absorption cooling equipment The workshop _ includes discussion of absorption chiller operating principles capital costs system integration space requirements and installation operating and lifecycle costs The building simulation study serves as the basis for the operating cost portion of the workshop The initial TTW was developed for Southern California Gas However the TTW is designed so it can be presented in other areas as is or modified to s
10. require modification of the plant capacity If the equipment capacity was set equal to the estimated maximum plant load it is sized for the design day criteria used in the design portion of HAP i e 1 or 2 5 design Thus it is not unusual for more extreme conditions to exist for a limited number of hours per year In many cases engineers accept these unmet load 03 17 95 aye conditions However if a large number of unmet loads exist or the size of the deficiency is large it may indicate a problem with equipment modeling Further it will usually have adverse effects on comparisons between alternative equipment types especially if one plant alternative has unmet loads and another doesn t To correct such a problem first use the generate simulation output option on the Plant continued on page 10 Total hr month Page 10 Unmet Plant Loads continued from page 9 Menu to review displays of hourly results for the month when the largest number of unmet loads occur to determine the maximum plant load Then adjust the plant capacity to meet this load and rerun the plant simulation A shortcut approach which is simpler but more approximate is to increase equipment capacity by the amount the Unmet Load Report indicates the equipment is deficient For example if the Unmet Load Report indicates that in the worst case the plant is deficient by 5 to 10 increasing the plant capacity by 10 should solve t
11. the DX unit will not be able to operate and an unmet load condition will result For cooling equipment the symptom of this problem is unmet load conditions in cool months of the year with all such unmet loads reported as deficient by more than 10 i e the equipment has been disabled so it has zero capacity and is therefore more than 10 deficient versus any load that occurs The solution to this problem is to permit the cooling equipment to operate at colder outdoor temperatures either by lowering the cutoff temperature or by adding low temperature operating controls such as head pressure control For air source heat pumps a similar problem occurs if heating loads occur below the outdoor air cutoff temperature and no auxiliary heating exists These unmet loads appear in peak heating months as conditions with capacity deficient by more than 10 In this case the solution is to lower the cutoff temperature or add an auxiliary heating unit Spring 1995 Transferring Data from HAP v3 0 to v3 1 Q I started a project last fall using HAP v3 04 Now that we have HAP v3 1 ld like to move the data to v3 1 to take advantage of its expanded calculation and output features How can I do this A Option 5 Retrieve Program Data From Previous Version on the HAP v3 1 Data Management Menu can be used to convert HAP v3 0 data for use with v3 1 Use the following procedure to retrieve this data 1 Make sure the HAP v3 0 data you wi
12. 7 793 8 296 Electric OpCost yr 413 603 433 099 Bldg OpCost yr 448 148 468 970 Bldg Peak kW 1 142 1 241 the use of uncontrolled or partially controlled ventilation airflow for VAV systems With this option ventilation airflow varies naturally as the supply airflow changes Uncontrolled outdoor airflow tends to vary as a constant percentage of supply air Thus if the supply fan has throttled to 60 of its design value ventilation air is 60 of its design value also As with Constant Airflow control the user has the opportunity to schedule the ventilation dampers open or closed during unoccupied period hours as necessary CO2 Sensor Control provides a simple model for outdoor ventilation air control based on a CO sensor Actual controls vary ventilation air to maintain indoor air quality based on measured C02 levels in the building To model this control on a simple basis the program assumes CO levels are directly related to the number of occupants in a zone The program therefore varies ventilation airflow using a constant CFM person value and the number of occupants in the building for the current hour Scheduled Control is used when special controls are used to vary the outdoor ventilation airflow according to a predetermined time clock schedule For example based on the time clock schedule ventilation dampers might modulate to provide 1000 CFM of ventilation air from 6am to 9am 1500 CFM from 9am to 12 noon and 1250 CF
13. M from 12 noon to 5pm When this control option is used the user specifies how ventilation air is varied by choosing one of the schedules stored in the program schedule database This selection is made using an input on the last air system input screen not the input screen on which ventilation airflow and controls are chosen It is important to note that the Scheduled Control option should not be used simply as a means of eliminating ventilation air during unoccupied times This can be done much more easily using the Constant Airflow and Proportional To Supply Air control options Many users often overlook this and mistakenly use the Scheduled Control option when Constant Airflow or Proportional to Supply Air would be a more appropriate selection Page 8 Modeling Chiller Networks in HAP HAP offers useful features for studying the performance of chiller networks This article explains how to simulate chiller networks and discusses some of the nuances of network modeling Entering Data Entering data for a chiller network plant differs from other types of plant equipment For a heat pump or a rooftop unit for example data describing the equipment is simply entered and stored For a chiller network however data must be entered in two stages First data describing the individual chillers is entered and stored Second data describing the network is entered and stored To illustrate this pro
14. NEWS II CARRIER SOFTWARE SYSTEMS Vol 14 No 2 SPRING 1995 In This Issue News 1994 1995 E20 I Basic Training Schedules Extended cccccccccscccssssssrssscccssccsrsnsnsnsccceessseetsncnsnaceceeseeesranae 2 3 1 2 Diskettes to Become Standard Issue for Software Updates ccccccccccccccccccccccceccccecceecceescsssseeseseeeess 2 1995 Customer Survey Enclosed in Update Mailing cccssssssssssesssssssnsssnsnsnsssnsssnsnnssnsnsssscsssssssssseseasees 2 New Simulation Weather Data for Canada Released i ccccccccccceceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee einen a a aaa ease asses aaaaaaaaaaaaaaes 3 Block Load For Windows Offers New Useful Interface Features oooooocooooeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseeseeseseseesseseseseeeseeee 4 HAP COMPLY 24 Translator Program Nears Release ccccccssesscccceeeeeseessnnsceeeceeeeessssnnaaeeeeeeeeeseeenaaaaees 5 HAP and DOE 2 1D Compare Favorably in Absorption TTW Study ccccscsseeeecceeeeeeeeesnnceeeeeeeeeeneesnaaaees 6 Software Using Outdoor Ventilation Control Options in HAP and SDL cccccccccccceseeeeeeeeeceeeceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeeseeseeeeess 7 Modeling Chiller Networks in IAP siossisia oedases valance soeat swtn shana ea up tas seasa ta vinas pela sesap ran seas than senspean seascapes 8 Using the Unmet Load Printout to Diagnose Plant Simulation Problems 9 Transferring Data from HAP v3 0 to V3 l ices cas cesseats seaseids snsdiadssisasdtsuassnan veasesdasaseaansenseladsaasdeas eases Il Speci
15. cedure consider a network containing one 300 ton centrifugal chiller and one 400 ton centrifugal chiller To enter data for this network the following steps must be used 1 Enter and store data describing each chiller as a individual plant Thus two plants would be entered One describes the 300 ton chiller and one defines the 400 ton chiller N Enter and store data for a third plant On the first plant input screen specify the classification as cooling and the type as chiller network On the second input screen specify the air systems the chiller network serves On the third input screen define the number of chillers in the network 2 in our example Then specify the chillers linked together to form the network This is done using a pop up list of the individual chillers already stored in the HAP plant database Thus for our example the 300 ton centrifugal and the 400 ton centrifugal entered in step 1 would be selected from the database list to link them to the network This input screen also allows the control for the network to be defined as sequenced i e lead lag or non sequenced When sequenced operation is used the order in which chillers in the network are turned on and off can be defined Simulating Network Operation Running plant and building simulations for a chiller network is simple except for the issue of plant selection 1 To simulate the chiller network plant choose the simulate option on
16. d is in the final stages of testing Testing was not finished in time to include the program in the Spring E20 II software mailing but shipment of the software is anticipated in June Current licensees of the HAP Title 24 package will receive the Translator Program free of charge Final pricing for new licensees had not been determined at the time this newsletter went to press The HAP COMPLY 24 Translator Program is used to electronically transfer data from HAP to the COMPLY 24 program COMPLY 24 which is used to demonstrate compliance with the California Title 24 energy code is developed and marketed by Gabel Dodd Associates of Berkeley California The HAP COMPLY 24 data translation software serves as a labor saving tool for engineers using HAP to design systems and COMPLY 24 to perform compliance calculations Readers in other parts of the country will be interested in these developments as California s implementation of ASHRAE Standard 90 1 is being used as a model for DOE s recommendation of a national implementation of the standard Carrier is actively involved in work associated with implementation of the standard and in developing software in anticipation of a national standard e Page 6 HAP and DOE 2 1D Compare Favorably in Absorption TTW Study During 1994 Carrier was involved in a building simulation study in which HAP DOE 2 1D and two other commonly used building simulation programs participated The primary
17. fying Air System Multipliers in HAP aia core cesanasusksacataataehsieasa Gots atacbsdiusaauts otaehsdeu sh iota aeabhaiasacuts lath ont Il Eight Programs Included In Spring Software Release Two E20 II programs and six Electronic Catalog programs were included in the first software mailing of 1995 In addition this release includes updated HAP simulation weather disks for three regions in North America Summaries of program updates are provided below E20 II Programs e Hourly Analysis Program v3 12 Corrects five bugs found in v3 10 since its release last November e System Design Load Program v1 12 Corrects five bugs found in v1 10 since its release last November e HAP Simulation Weather Data Updates Canada Northeast USA amp Eastern Canada and Pacific USA amp Western Canada weather data sets For further details please see the article on page 3 Electronic Catalog Programs e Reciprocating Chiller Selection v2 15 Updates full load performance data for 30GT GN190 part load performance data for 30GT GN sizes 130 150 170 190 210 and permits input of water flow in gpm ton e Rooftop Packaged Units v5 50 Adds performance ratings for SOHX and 48 50SX units updates performance data for five 48 and 50 series models and deletes data for three obsolete models e Water Source Heat Pump Selection v2 20 Provides updated selection and performance data for all currently available 50 series water source heat pumps e ACAPS v1 82
18. g In addition to software the Spring 1995 E20 II and Electronic Catalog software package you just received also includes a customer survey form This form contains a variety of questions dealing with your use of computer software and hardware Responses to the survey will help us tailor future software development plans to your needs as closely as possible In addition to survey questions on these subjects written comments suggestions requests and or complaints are both welcomed and encouraged Once you have completed the survey please fold and tape it as indicated on the form and then mail it back to us The survey form is postage paid so there will be no cost to you We strongly encourage customers to make use of this survey It is an important means of setting future directions identifying problems that need attention and establishing communication that helps us determine how to deliver the highest quality products and service to you Spring 1995 New Simulation Weather Data for Canada Released The spring software mailing contains new HAP simulation weather data for Canadian cities This material includes a new expanded data set for Canada and updates to Canadian data found on the Northeast USA amp Eastern Canada data disks and the Pacific USA amp Western Canada data disks The existing weather data set for Canada and US Border Cities contains typical meteorological year TMY weather data for 12 Canadian ci
19. he problem The only drawback to this approach is that without checking hourly results you cannot tell whether the maximum deficiency is 5 1 or 10 Thus this shortcut approach can result in the plant being oversized Applications Variable Capacity Other plant models in HAP consider the variation in equipment capacity as operating conditions change Examples include the computer generated models for all DX cooling units and heat pumps and the computer generated model for water cooled reciprocating chillers In addition capacity variation is an option in all user defined plant models For example the computer generated model for a packaged rooftop cooling unit uses a correlation between cooling capacity and outdoor temperature Documentation for this correlation is provided in Chapter 12 of the Energy Analysis User s Manual for HAP As the graph below shows a unit with a 10 ton capacity at 95 F outdoor air has approximately 11 tons of capacity at 75 F outdoor air and approximately 9 tons of capacity at 115 F outdoor air Gross Capacity Compressor kW 130 130 120 110 100 90 Gross Capacity A Compressor Power 5 466 75 85 95 105 15 Outdoor Air Temperature F Figure 12 1 from Energy Analysis User s Manual NEWS II Spring 1995 Because capacity varies as a function of outdoor temperature or other conditions for these models diagnosing unmet loads becomes more difficult
20. inally a separate work area is provided along the left side of the window area for zones which have not yet been attached to an HVAC system In addition to the advantage of visualizing the data the main window area can also be used to efficiently perform program tasks For example to edit system data a user can double click on the desired HVAC system icon A dialog box will automatically appear listing all inputs associated with that system Or to link a zone to a system a user can click on the desired zone item and drag it to a location beneath one of the system icons When the zone icon is dropped beneath a system icon the program will automatically link the zone to that system and will draw lines connecting the two to indicate that they have been linked The result of these features is that data can be manipulated and configured much faster than was possible with the menu driven DOS based program Tool Bar Features The Tool Bar which runs along the top of the main window area offers a number of additional features which can be used in conjunction with the main window area icons or by themselves to perform program tasks For example to print edit or delete system data a user first clicks on the desired system icon and then presses the print edit or delete button on the tool bar On the other hand to choose a new city or enter new zone or system data the appropriate tool bar button can be pressed to initiate each of the
21. l If you did not receive registration materials please contact Carrier Software Systems at 315 432 6838 Schedule for Additional E20 II Basic Classes HAP Block Load Duct Design City Tampa FL Richmond VA Chicago IL Honolulu HI May 17 May 24 June 21 June 28 pies San Francisco CA Detroit MI Mobile AL July 12 Aug 2 NEWS II Spring 1995 3 1 2 Diskettes to Become Standard Issue for Software Updates During 1995 Carrier Software Systems will be encouraging customers who are still receiving software on 5 1 4 disks to switch to 3 1 2 disks We ve found that many of our customers are not aware of the option to switch disk sizes for future update mailings at no charge and have not taken advantage of this option even though 3 1 2 disks would serve their purposes better Software on 3 1 2 disks can be installed if either the A or B drive in your computer handles 3 1 2 disks The Spring 1995 mailing of E20 II and Electronic Catalog software contains a prepaid postcard If you wish to continue receiving software on 5 1 4 disks in future mailings please sign and return the postcard Any customer currently receiving 5 1 4 disks who does not return the postcard will be switched to 3 1 2 disks automatically This change in disk sizes will take effect beginning with the Fall 1995 mailing of E20 II and Electronic Catalog software 1995 Customer Survey Enclosed in Update Mailin
22. lies and is what significantly enhances its usefulness as a_ load estimating tool The Graphical User Interface The figure below contains a snapshot of the new Block Load for Windows user interface As in most Windows applications the program window contains a title bar a menu bar a tool bar and a main window area For Block Load the main window area contains a visual representation of all project data and shows how various data components are related to each other This interface offers several advantages First many users find a visual representation of data easier to work with and understand than a text based representation Second all data associated with a project is shown at one time rather than in bits and SEE Diare LEE EMAL GAA lt I Lif LRR Spring 1995 pieces as was the case in the DOS based program In this figure the current city weather data is represented by the globe icon in the upper left portion of the main window area In this example the data is for Los Angeles HVAC systems are represented by AHU icons along the upper center portion of the main window area In this example there are three systems named VAV Boxes CAV System and CAV VPAC Beneath each system icon are icons for the zones served by that system The VAV Boxes system serves four zones named North Wing East Wing South Wing and West Wing The other two HVAC systems serve one zone each F
23. n addition both perform true 8760 hour energy simulations Still even with the use of similar modeling methods there are reasons to expect differences between the results First each program was run by a different analyst Due to the complexity of a building energy analysis it is inevitable that different assumptions will be made about certain aspects of building or equipment performance even when efforts are made to eliminate as many discrepancies as possible Secondly programs offer different features for modeling equipment performance In some cases equipment modeling between programs could not be reconciled In this case study for example there are specific differences between the modeling of cooling tower performance and water pump operation between HAP and DOE that could not be eliminated In spite of these differences the close agreement between HAP and DOE demonstrates that both use analytical methods at a similar level of sophistication and detail Selected Results for Absorption TTW Study Diff Two 400 Ton Centrifugals Total Bldg kWh yr 3 958 430 4 061 898 486 407 4 472 599 490 382 4 1 302 1 449 11 3 Electric OpCost yr 466 718 Bldg OpCost yr Bldg Peak kW Spring 1995 NEWS II Page 7 Selected Results for Absorption TTW continued ora nae o Two 400 Ton DF Absorption Chillers 15 F Condenser Delta T Total Bldg kWh yr_ 3 564 439 3 614 385 Total Bldg Gas
24. rtheast USA amp Eastern Canada or the Pacific USA amp Western Canada data sets The data is also available for purchase by any E20 II customer who does not currently have this data Page 4 Block Load For Windows Offers New Useful Interface Features Carrier unveiled a prototype of Block Load for Windows at the ASHRAE Exposition in Chicago in January Block Load for Windows which has not yet been released is Carrier s first Windows based E20 II program The prototype was on display for the many show attendees who visited the Carrier booth Reaction to the program was very positive with most viewers anxious for the arrival of the finished product This article will describe some of the new useful features of the program which you can expect to see soon Something Old Something New Simplicity has been the key to Block Load s success in the past Block Load for Windows retains that simplicity and all of the basic load estimating capabilities of the DOS based Block Load v2 1 Thus anyone familiar with the DOS based Block Load program can L038 RO Aget SBME FYE S YP SORE Settles LEJR NEWS II Spring 1995 quickly learn to generate load estimates using Block Load for Windows While the basic load estimating concepts have not changed the whole look and feel of the Block Load interface has been revised with the implementation of a graphical user interface This is where the real power of Block Load for Windows
25. se tasks Menu Bar Features Finally the Menu Bar which appears above the tool bar provides features for manipulating program data using a conventional pull down menu scheme The File and Project Menus contain options for managing program data City Zone and System Menus provide options for working with city zone and system data just as the Step One Step Two and Step Three Menus did in the DOS based Block Load Program A Report Menu contains options for generating load calculation NEWS II Page 5 outputs and serves a function similar to the Step Four Menu in the DOS based Block Load Thus the program s user interface offers multiple ways to operate the program and therefore allows the user to choose which is most efficient Product Release Readers will be happy to know that Block Load for Windows program development is nearing completion By the time customers receive this newsletter the program will be undergoing extensive beta testing to ensure a bug free product is delivered Beta testing is expected to be completed at the end of the second quarter At that time the program will be mailed to all current Block Load v2 1 licensees Others may license Block Load for Windows for a first year license fee of 495 The annual renewal fee is 100 HAP COMPLY 24 Translator Program Nears Release The HAP COMPLY 24 Translator Program which has been discussed in previous issues of NEWS IL has been completed an
26. sh to retrieve is stored on the hard disk Data cannot be directly retrieved from a v3 0 floppy archive disk It must be retrieved from a HAP v3 0 user data directory on the hard disk 2 Run HAP v3 1 and create a data subdirectory whose name matches the HAP v3 0 subdirectory containing the data you want to retrieve For example if the HAP v3 0 data is stored in a subdirectory named JOB104 the current data subdirectory in HAP v3 1 must also be named JOB104 3 Finally choose option 5 Retrieve Program Data From Previous Version on the HAP v3 1 Data Management Menu Data files will be copied from the HAP v3 0 data subdirectory to the v3 1 subdirectory and will be converted to a format compatible with HAP v3 1 The data transfer retrieves 100 of the HAP v3 0 data The same retrieval features are offered for the System Design Load Program v1 1 For further information please refer to the Update Bulletin for HAP v3 1 and SDL v1 1 This bulletin was distributed with HAP v3 1 and System Design Load v1 1 when these programs were released last fall Mtr ld Paelys1s Fragraa CESTO ZAA Contra Leelee ManagEocn Meru Cl OP JE Chemge CEEP Lelie Siddirectiay Z Leelee Lele IU TIPCC RUUY J E be ELTEE CUTOUT LP 0GT I Lele SEL y J TZ EK ME JE detarn Lo ete PER pp HAP v3 1 Data Management Menu NEWS II Page 11 Specifying Air System Multipliers in HAP Q I am using HAP to run an energy
27. the Plant Menu Then choose the chiller network plant on the plant selection list Do not choose the individual chillers connected to the network When a chiller network is selected for simulation the program NEWS II Spring 1995 will automatically use the input data for the network and the individual chillers connected to the network to simulate network operation 2 When entering building data you re asked to specify the plants included in the building so the program can determine which plant energy consumption data should be used in building cost calculations Further by examining the list of systems served by that plant the program is also able to determine which air system energy consumption data to use in cost calculations All of this information is associated with the chiller network plant not the individual chillers connected to the plant Thus the chiller network plant must be included in the building but the individual chillers must not be included Flexible Features The features for analyzing chiller networks in HAP provide a high degree of flexibility Chillers of any type and cooling capacity can be connected together For example a simple network might consist of two identical 200 ton chillers A complex network might contain one 250 ton gas engine driven chiller for peak demand shaving as the lag chiller and a 250 ton electric screw chiller and 350 ton centrifugal chiller as the lead chillers HAP provides
28. ties and 5 US cities located near the US Canadian border This data set is being replaced with new data for 41 Canadian cities The new data was obtained from the Watsun Simulation Laboratory at the University of Waterloo The Watsun Laboratory developed Canadian Weather for Energy Calculation CWEC data in work sponsored by the National Research Council of Canada The CWEC data is typical meteorological year data derived from the Canadian Energy and Engineering Data Sets CWEEDS produced by Environment Canada The new HAP simulation weather disks provide data for many of the unique climatic regions in Canada not covered by the original set of 12 Canadian cities thereby improving the accuracy of energy simulations for these regions Table 1 Canadian Cities In Weather Data Set Alberta Nova Scotia Calgary Sable Island Edmonton Shearwater Halifax Medicine Hat Ontario British Columbia London Abbotsford Muskoka Comox North Bay Fort St John Ottawa Kamloops Sault Ste Marie Prince George Thunder Bay Prince Rupert Toronto Sandspit Trenton Smithers Windsor Summerland Prince Edward Island Vancouver Charlottetown Victoria uebec Manitoba ontreal Churchill Quebec Winnipeg Schefferville New Brunswick Saskatchewan Fredericton Estevan Saint John North Battleford Newfoundland Regina TMY Goose Bay Northwest Territories St Johns Resolute Stephenville Yellowknife Yukon Territory Whitehorse NEWS II Page 3 The new
29. uit local needs and interests The case study for this workshop involved a 12 story 323 000 sqft office building located in the Los Angeles area Energy use and operating costs were compared for four equipment scenarios e A network of two 400 ton centrifugal chillers e A network of two 400 ton DF absorption chillers with a 10 F condenser delta T at design e A network of two 400 ton DF absorption chillers with a 15 F condenser delta T at design e A hybrid network of one 400 ton DF absorption chiller and one 400 ton centrifugal chiller NEWS II Tora w Spring 1995 The following building simulation programs were used to analyze operating costs for the building HAP v3 04 Author Carrier Corp DOE 2 1D Author US Department of Energy ESAS Energy System Analysis Series Author Ross Meriwether Consulting Engineering e TRACE Author The Trane Company Each program was run by a separate analyst having expertise with that program Special effort was made to ensure each program modeled the building and the performance of the air handling and plant equipment on an equal basis insofar as this was possible Selected results from this study for DOE 2 1D and HAP are shown in the table below On one hand the general closeness of the HAP and DOE 2 1D results is not surprising First both HAP and DOE use the same approach to analyzing building heat transfer and loads transfer functions and heat extraction techniques I
30. y cooling or heating demand When demand exceeds the plant capacity the program reports an unmet load condition This article describes common causes for unmet plant loads and discusses how to diagnose and correct these simulation problems Report Format When unmet loads occur the program reports these conditions on a printout similar to the one shown below This sample is for a 120 ton chiller and contains one table of cooling Statistics Depending on the type of equipment being simulated separate tables for cooling and or heating will be provided For a heat pump for example tables for cooling heating and auxiliary heating statistics will be provided Each table in this report provides a month by month account of the equipment performance Separate columns list the number of hours the plant could and could not meet loads Statistics describing the amount by which loads exceed equipment capacity are also provided In the sample below for the month of May the chiller is able to meet cooling demands for 733 hours For 11 hours the cooling demand exceeds the chiller s 120 ton capacity For 7 of these hours the chiller is deficient by less than 5 That is the cooling PLANT SIMULATION UNMET LOAD REPORT Plant Chiller Plant KKKKKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKKKKKKKKK TABLE 1 COOLING PLANT STATISTICS Plant Capacity Is Sufficient hr month By 0 5 hr month

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