Agile RF Synthesizer & AOM driver
Contents
1. High speed out 8 x TTL user controllable and via table mode advanced Mechanical amp power Display 128x64 pixel LCD with white backlight Fan 3 x ball bearing Temperature controlled IEC input 90 to 264 Vac 47 to 63 Hz Dimensions WxHxD 250 x 79 x 292mm Weight 2kg B Command language The ARFx21 is controlled via simple text commands of the form frequency 0 82347864 0 Each command begins with a text key only the first three letters are required but the full command can be used Some commands will have a sub command and or parameters including integers hex adecimal integers e g 0xf31b floating point numbers and text strings Each command will return a string beginning with OK if correctly parsed followed by relevant information or it will respond with some information about why the command was not properly parsed B 1 Primary RF control FREQUENCY POWER PHASE freq chan frequency Set channel chan to specified frequency The frequency is a floating point number in Hz or a 32 bit unsigned integer Currently only floating point pow chan amplitude Set channel chan to specified amplitude The ampltidude is a floating point number in dBm or a 14 bit unsigned integer Currently only hex numbers from 0x0000 to Ox3fff are accepted phase chan phase Set channel chan to specified phase The phase is a floating point number from 0 to 27 1 2716 radi2. MOGLabs Melbourne Australia www moglabs com ii Safety Precautions Safe and effective use of this product is very important Please read the following safety information before attempting to operate Also please note several specific and unusual cautionary notes before using the MOGLabs ARF XRF in addition to the safety precautions that are standard for any electronic equipment CAUTION To ensure correct cooling airflow the unit should not be oper ated with cover removed WARNING High voltages are exposed internally particularly around the mains power inlet and internal power supply unit The unit should not be operated with cover removed NOTE The MOGLabs ARF XRF is designed for use in scientific re search laboratories It should not be used for consumer or medical applications iii Protection Features The MOGLabs ARF XRF includes a number of features to protect you and your device Open short circuit Each RF output should be connected to a 500 load The ARF XRF will disable the each high power RF output if not connected or if a short circuit is detected Reflected power The RF reflected power and VSWR voltage standing wave ratio are monitored and RF output is disabled if either exceeds their safe limit settings Mains filter Protection against mains transients Temperature Several temperature sensors control the fan and shutdown if the temperature exceeds a safe limit Contents Preface i Safet
3. and hit Enter to send that command to the device see appendix B the response will appear in the box below the command line window Some commands are not permitted due to the large amount of response data generated When communicating via USB only commands which respond as a single line of text are possible Another option is to plug the device into a network which is in the same address space then send the appropriate commands by telnet and reconnect in the desired address space For example if the ARFx21 default address is 10 1 1 190 and you want the device to work in the 192 168 1 xxx space 3 2 USB 11 3 2 USB 1 Device Command mem Command info W1001101140601 Done 1 Connect the ethernet directly to a computer ethernet socket not via a network switch or hub 2 Configure the computer network settings to have an address in the same address space as the ARFx21 for this example you can set the computer IP address to 10 1 1 189 3 Telnet to the device telnet 10 1 1 189 7802 set ipaddr 192 168 1 100 set ipgw 192 168 1 1 reset After reset the device will default to the new settings The ARFx21 will appear as a VCP a virtual COM port that is a fast serial port like an RS232 connection When the device is connected to a Windows computer the computer will normally automatically download and install the STM32 Virtual COM Port Driver Your soft ware can then communicate as with any no
4. bar on your web browser and you will see a simple webpage for the device via the standard http port 80 The web interface is minimal and is primarily for uploading new firmware The second number 7802 is the TCP IP port number This port provides full access to device functionality It is through this port that your control software should access the device Simple commands can be sent to the device using the telnet protocol for example telnet 10 1 1 190 7802 disp rgb 100 100 100 which sends the disp rgb commmand to the device to set the dis play backlight intensity The full suite of commands is described in Appendix B 10 Chapter 3 Communications 3 1 1 Changing IP address If you do not have a DHCP server to define the device IP address and the default is not suitable you will need to manually change the IP address This is most easily done by connecting via USB and using the mogusb application to configure the device IP settings Device network settings To configure the device network connection settings IP address Device command mask gateway and port if the device is connected by USB 17 Device Network Settings Ka IP Address 192 168 68 IP mask 255 255 255 0 Gateway 192 168 68 1 IP port 7802 7 Use DHCP ok This opens a new diaolog for interactive command access to the device similar to telnet but this approach will work via USB Type a command into the command line window
5. for each channel Each channel has a multi colour status LED indicator 2 2 Front panel display monitor The LCD display shows key information including frequency and power for each channel and ethernet IP address and port number The push buttons and LEDs adjacent to the display have limited functionality at present with plans for future enhancement lt Activate firmware upgrade if held down during startup OK Hold both down to reset Chapter 2 Connections and controls 2 3 Rear panel controls and connections 90 264Vac 47 63Hz IEC power in out Fan RF OUT MOD IN CLK IN MOD OUT RF OUT MOD IN RF OUT 1 RF OUT2 FREQ 1 FREQ2 CLKIN MON 1 MON 2 AMP 1 AMP 2 MOD OUTI SN moaglabs The ARFx21 is compatible with all standard AC power systems from 90 to 264 V and 47 to 63 Hz The maximum current is about 1A The ARFx21 has three temperature controlled fans directing air flow over the RF power amplifiers the FPGA and through the rear vent There are two outputs for each RF channel with SMA connectors and 50Q impedance The high power outputs are labelled RF OUT 1 2 The MON are separately buffered signals at 20 dBc relative to each main output respectively Each RF channel has two associated analogue inputs nominally for frequency and amplitude modulation These inputs can be reconfig ured for frequency amplitude phase or sampling for DSP applica tions The modulation inputs
6. absusa com Preface Acousto optic modulators AOMs are an integral part of many laser based experiments They are used for frequency shifting amplitude modulation and laser frequency stabilisation Many experiments re quire very simple control of the RF frequency and power but others require sophisticated sequences The MOGLabs ARF XRF agile RF synthesizer provides such complexity with a user friendly interface The extraordinary capabilities of the ARF XRF have not previously been available from any single supplier let alone in a single unit Two channels with direct output of up to 4W per channel Wide frequency range of 20 to 400 MHz Arbitrary frequency amplitude and phase with high resolution Analogue modulation of each chan nel in frequency amplitude and or phase with 10 MHz bandwidth Ergonomic front panel controls and ethernet USB interface Table mode operation to define complex time dependent waveform output All in one box which connects directly to AC mains power and to your AOMs As you delve into this manual you will uncover more and more capability but the powerful FPGA at the heart of the ARF XRF allows software improvements to add new features so please check the MOGLabs website for updates example code and assistance We hope that you enjoy using the ARF XRF and please let us know if you have any suggestions for improvement in the ARF XRF or in this document so that we can make life in the lab better for all
7. ans or a 16 bit unsigned integer Currently only hex number from 0x0000 to Oxffff 19 D Connector pinouts D 1 10 connector Pin Signal Type 1 CH1 OFF TTL in 2 CH1 ON TTL in 3 GND OV 4 CH1 shutter TTL out 5 GND OV 6 CH2 OFF TTL in 7 CH2 ON TTL in 8 GND OV 9 CH2 shutter TTL out 10 GND OV 11 CH1 Analogue out 2 5 V 12 GND OV 13 CH2 Analogue out 2 5V 14 GND OV 15 GND OV Figure D 1 Rear panel IO connector pinout High density 15 pin female D style Note TTL is 5V tolerant and protected 27 28 Appendix D Connector pinouts D 2 High speed digital Connector type FFC ribbon 30 way 0 50 mm pitch Omron XF2M 3015 1A Ribbon type Molex 0982660326 150 mm or 0152660329 200 mm Figure D 2 High speed digital IO connector internal There are eight outputs assigned to each channel Each output incorporates a 35 ohm series resistor and capability to sink and source 12 mA The driver chip is a Fairchild 74LVT2244MTCX MOG Laboratories Pty Ltd 2015 18 Boase St Brunswick VIC 3056 Australia Product specifications and descriptions in this doc Tel 61 3 9939 0677 info moglabs com ument are subject to change without notice
8. can be used for laser noise eater or frequency stabilisation applications The bandwidth of each input is 10 MHz with 14 bit 65 MHz sampling The inputs are anti aliased with 7 order filters The ARFx21 uses a high stability OCX crystal clock but can also be synchronised to an external clock 5 MHz to 1 GHz The ARFx21 provides three analogue outputs with 14 bit resolution and 1 MHz output One is available at the MOD OUT SMA connector the other two can be accessed from the DB15 connector 2 3 Rear panel controls and connections 7 DB15 RJ45 USB A The DB15 connector provides fast TTL inputs for quickly supressing the RF output and for hardware triggering of sequences Additional digital outputs can be used for controlling experimental devices such as shutters Two general purpose analogue outputs similar to MOD OUT are also available Ethernet TCP IP 10 100 Mb s and USB communications jacks Chapter 2 Connections and controls 3 Communications 3 1 TCP IP The ARFx21 can be connected by USB or ethernet TCP IP From the user and device perspective the two are equivalent When ethernet is connected the ARFx21 will attempt to obtain an IP address by DHCP If DHCP fails an internally defined address will be used In both cases the address will be shown on the device display something like 10 1 1 190 7802 The dotted quad number 10 1 1 190 is the device IP address you can type that into the address
9. guration of each DDS can be via SIF or PIF XRFx21 only The table entries are defined by simple text commands from the host computer Table entries can define RF frequency ampli tude and phase They can also define delay times wait for trigger hardware or software and more complex functions such as ramps The minimum duration of a table entry is 1 ps 113 XRFx21 advanced The XRFx21 models provide higher speed using SIF and PIF and increase the size of the table to hundreds of thousands of entries Timing resolution improves to 32ns per table entry 1 2 Table timing Each table entry has an associated duration value which can be a fixed time or a wait for trigger Stepping through the table can then be controlled from the external dedicated TTL input for that channel 1 3 RF on off control Is very complicated 2 Connections and controls 2 1 Front panel controls MOQlAHS Agile RF Synthesizer i CHANNEL 1 CHANNEL 2 CHAN 1 N STATUS STATUS one y POWER OK FREQUENCY POWER FREQUENCY POWER FREQUENCY The frequency encoder can be used to adjust the frequency for each POWER OFF ON STATUS RF channel when operating in manual mode The encoder is speed sensitive so to make small changes rotate the knob slowly The current frequency is displayed on the LCD display Similarly the output power can be adjusted for each channel The RF output can be enabled or supressed with the push button off on switch
10. moglabs Agile RF Synthesizer amp AOM driver ARF021 ARF421 XRF021 XRF421 Revision 0 0 1 Limitation of Liability MOG Laboratories Pty Ltd MOGLabs does not assume any liabil ity arising out of the use of the information contained within this manual This document may contain or reference information and products protected by copyrights or patents and does not convey any license under the patent rights of MOGLabs nor the rights of others MOGLabs will not be liable for any defect in hardware or software or loss or inadequacy of data of any kind or for any direct indirect incidental or consequential damages in connections with or arising out of the performance or use of any of its products The foregoing limitation of liability shall be equally applicable to any service provided by MOGLabs Copyright Copyright MOG Laboratories Pty Ltd MOGLabs 2015 No part of this publication may be reproduced stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic mechanical photocopying or otherwise without the prior written permission of MOCLabs Contact For further information please contact MOG Laboratories P L MOGLabs USA LLC MOGLabs Europe 18 Boase St 419 14th St Goethepark 9 Brunswick VIC 3056 Huntingdon PA 16652 10627 Berlin AUSTRALIA USA Germany 61 3 9939 0677 1 814 251 4363 49 30 21 960 959 info moglabs com info moglabsusa com christoph p moglabs com www moglabs com www mogl
11. n after that time 4 1 python example A simple program involves opening the communications channel con figuring the imaging sensor optimising the exposure time and then either acquiring the spectrum or the calculated wavelength An ex ample written in python is outlined below Further examples will be provided for matlab and LabVIEW 13 A Specifications Parameter Specification RF characteristics Output power ARF 421 ARF021 36 dBm 16dBm 1 dBm 14 bit resolution Frequency 20 to 400 MHz 32 bit resolution Frequency stability 1 ppm 0 to 50 C Phase 0 to 27 16 bit resolution Phase noise lt 130 dBc 1kHz Signal to noise gt 80dBc 30dBm Intermodulation and lt 80 dBc spurious Channel crosstalk lt 90 dBc Power RF off lt 70 dBm Synchronisation Independent common or synchronised Analogue input output Inputs 2 per channel 4 total Function FM AM d or analogue sampling Sensitivity 1 V Bandwidth 10 MHz with 7th order anti alias Resolution 14 bit 65 MHz sampling rate DAC analogue out 3 channels 2 5 V 14 bit 1 MHz bandwidth 17 18 Appendix A Specifications Digital input output per channel RF on off TTL hardwired positive logic only Trigger input Start pause halt Programmable slope and level input Shutter output TTL output
12. nd there is internal RAM for DDS generated table mode sequencing Direct programming of each DDS is not covered within this user manual They are complex and direct access is not necessary for most users but full details are available in the AD9910 datasheet 1 1 1 Normal mode In normal mode each DDS is configured by the microprocessor via SIF The power and freguency of each output can be individually adjusted with the front panel control knobs or with computer com mands via ethernet or USB interface The RF output for each channel can be activated by the front panel on off push buttons or computer commands and the status of each is apparent from the adjacent LED indicators and the front panel display Note that in built protection disables the RF if a fault is detected for example open circuit no device connected short circuit or if the reflected power is too high high VSWR Advanced options within normal mode include the ability to directly access the DDS registers for setting the VCO voltage controlled oscillator or to enable DDS ramps and DDS RAM modes Please refer to the AD9910 datasheet for more information 4 Chapter 1 Introduction In normal single freguency mode the RF parameters can also be controlled by the external analogue modulation inputs 1 1 2 Table mode In table mode the RF parameters are automatically seguenced by the FPGA according to a table of values pre loaded by the micro processor Confi
13. ned in a lookup table loaded via ethernet or USB to enable complex se quences with very fast transitions The block diagram below shows the key components of the ARF XRF The RF signal output from each DDS is low pass filtered pre amplified and then further amplified with a GaN hybrid high power RF on off FPGA RAM table memory 2 Chapter 1 Introduction output stage ARF421 XRF421 only The RF signals are monitored to check output power and to measure the reflection VSWR The DDS chips are controlled by the FPGA A microcontroller provides external interface with TCP IP and USB communications and controls the front panel display rotary encoders knobs and push buttons The device allows analogue modulation through two analogue to digital converters ADC with anti aliasing filters When modulation is configured the FPGA periodically reads the digital value of the modulation signal and uses that value to reprogram the DDS fre guency power and or phase The ARF XRF includes memory for storing complex waveform se guences where each step in the seguence can include freguency power phase time delay and more complex definitions of ramps and other time dependent functions Complex capabilities can be accessed via either TCP IP or USB communications See Chapter 3 for information on communications options and setup Once communications are established the ARF XRF can be controlled with simple te
14. rmal COM port To determine which port number is required go to Device Manager Start then type Device Manager into the Search box You should see a list of devices including Ports and within that 12 Chapter 3 Communications STMicroelectronics COM Port COMxx where xx is a number typically 15 That is the USB port number If you do not see a virtual COM port under Ports then manually install the USB driver The driver install packages should be in c Program Files MOGLabs USB_VCPdriver run the appropriate 32 bit or 64 bit setup program and look again for the virtual COM port within Device Manager 4 Programming Watchdog timer The ARFx21 is controlled via simple text commands of the form DISPLAY LINE O 0 Hello Each command begins with a text key only the first three letters are required but the full command can be used Some commands will have a sub command and or parameters including integers floating point numbers and text strings Each command will return a re quested value or a default OK These commands can be sent to the device via TCP IP for exam ple using telnet or USB A full list of commands is provided in Appendix B The ARFx21 has a watchdog timer that resets the device if any in ternal function or operation fails to complete within approximately 16 seconds Thus if your application fails to receive an expected response then it can attempt to re establish a connectio
15. xt commands The commands can be very basic for example to define the freguency or power or they can define complex dynamic seguences Chapter 4 describes some example python code for communicating with the device and for establishing a seguence and Appendix B provides a summary of the available commands 1 1 Operating modes The ARF XRF can be used at varying levels of complexity defined in terms of operating modes In normal mode the ARF XRF acts as a simple single frequency high power RF source controlled by the front panel or computer commands In table mode the RF output is determined by a table of commands preloaded into internal look up tables and stepped through auto matically on the basis of pre defined delays in combination with 1 1 Operating modes 3 external hardware or software triggers Within each of the normal and table modes there are sub modes with different levels of complexity and performance To understand these it is necessary to first explain some aspects of the DDS devices SIF and PIF Serial and Parallel Interface The DDS can be con figured via serial SIF or parallel PIF interface SIF is slower but allows complete access to all DDS functions PIF is faster but with limited control DDS internal functions Each DDS can be programmed via SIF for example to set a single tone with frequency amplitude and phase or for more complex functions such as to automatically ramp the RF parameters a
16. y Precautions iii Protection Features iv 1 Introduction 1 1 1 Operating modes 0 2 1 2 Table timing 4 1 3 RF on off control o 4 2 Connections and controls 5 2 1 Front panel controls 5 2 2 Front panel display monitor 5 2 3 Rear panel controls and connections 6 3 Communications 9 Ble MERE Gie ed aha Ge MERE ye e de OR ES Ee 9 32 SBS so SEA PAR DEERE EE GR a DI 11 4 Programming 13 41 python example 04 13 A Specifications 17 B Command language 19 B 1 Primary RF control 19 B 2 Complex functions 00 20 B 3 Modulation control 21 B 4 Generalfunctions 21 B 5 Display functions 22 vi Contents B 6 Auxilliary measurements 22 B 7 Configuration settings 23 C Ugrading firmware 25 D Connector pinouts 27 D 1 lO connector 0 00000 00000 27 D 2 High speed digital 0 0 28 References 29 1 Introduction The MOGLabs ARF XRF consists of two independent AD9910 direct digital synthesizer DDS sources each with 4W amplifier The fre quency amplitude and phase of each output is software controlled via a microcontroller and FPGA field programmable gate array The frequency amplitude and phase can be defined via front panel con trol knobs or via ethernet or USB The RF parameters can be defi
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