RouterBOARD 500 Series
Contents
1. Internal Storage Device The RouterBOARD may be started from a CompactFlash module or a Microdrive hard drive At least two partitions must exist on the device first of which being the ELF image the board is to be booted from normally it is a Linux kernel appended with the kernparm ELF section that specifies the root partition name and optionally other kernel parameters of your choice Booting from network Network boot works similarly to PXE or EtherBoot protocol and allows you to boot the RouterBOARD 500 series computer from an executable image stored on a TFTP server It uses BOOTP or DHCP configurable in boot loader protocol to get a valid 1P address and TFTP protocol to download an executable ELF kernel image combined with the initial RAM disk inserted as an ELF section to boot from the server s IP address and the image name must be sent by the BOOTP DHCP server To boot the RouterBOARD computer from Ethernet network you need the following e An ELF kernel image for the loader to boot from you can embed the kernel parameters and initrd image as ELF sections called kernparm and initrd respectively e A TFTP server which to download the image from e A BOOTP DHCP server may be installed on the same machine as the TFTP server to give an IP address TFTP server address and boot image name See the RouterBOOT section on how to configure loader to boot from network Note that you must connect the RouterBOARD you want to b2. Force immediate reboot Ethernet Cables RJ45 Color Function RJ45 pin for Straight cable RJ45 pin for Crossover cable Pin MDI EIA TIA568A MDI X EIA TIA568B Green TX Data 1 3 2 Green White TX Data 2 6 3 Orange RX Data 3 1 4 Blue 4 4 5 Blue White 5 5 6 Orange White RX Data 6 2 7 Brown z 7 7 8 Brown White 8 8 Full Serial Null modem Console Cable DB9f Function DB9f DB25f 1 6 CD DSR 4 20 2 RxD 3 2 3 TxD 2 4 DTR 1 6 6 8 5 GND 5 7 7 RTS 8 8 CTS 7 4 14
3. connector RouterBOARD 500 Series User s Manual Specifications TO Trac aa eeu ee 266M oom optional embedded processor EE Two VIA VT6105 10 100 Mbit s Fast Ethernet ports supporting Auto MDI X eos O een 2 LED pales For MINIPCI slots 1 user teo Dimensions mao mastil weight IA Humidity Operational 70 relative humidity non condensing 2 3W without extension cards Maximum 4 25 14W with base voltage 3 3V Daughterboard Options C RouterBOARD 564 RouterBOARD 502 Six VIA VT6105 10 100 Mbit s Fast zee Ethernet ports supporting Auto MDI X NO EromicE Pos Four MiniPCI Type IIIA IIIB slots Two MiniPCI Type IIIA IIIB slots Board Build Versions e RB532c complete build with all connectors except the telecom power header e RB532p1 no high voltage support no transformer no daughterboard connector no telecom power header e RB532A same as RB532c but with RAM upgrade to 64MB DDR onboard e RB5ii no high voltage support no transformer one Ethernet port one MiniPCI slot no daughterboard and CF connector no telecom power header e RB512 no high voltage support no transformer one Ethernet port two MiniPCI slot no daughterboard and CF connector no telecom power header RouterBOARD 500 Series User s Manual Hardware Guide Memory and Storage Devices Onboard Memory The boards are equipped with one 32MB DDR memory chip RB532A build version has 64MB DDR memory chip onboard Onboard NA
4. Ethernet cable See Connector Index for pinout of the standard cable required for PoE All cables made to EIA TIA 568A B cable specifications will work correctly with PoE Note that this port supports automatic cross straight cable correction Auto MDI X so you can use either straight or cross over cable for connecting to other network devices LAN2 Port This Fast Ethernet port is recognized as second LAN interface in most OSs This port does not support Power over Ethernet CAUTION You may seriously damage the board by connecting PoE injector to this port See Connector Index for pinout of the standard cable Note that this port supports automatic cross straight cable correction Auto MDI X so you can use either straight or cross over cable for connecting to other network devices LAN3 Port This Fast Ethernet port is recognized as third LAN interface in most Oss This port does not support Power over Ethernet CAUTION You may seriously damage the board by connecting PoE injector to this port See Connector Index for pinout of the standard cable Note that this port supports automatic 6 RouterBOARD 500 Series User s Manual cross straight cable correction Auto MDI X so you can use either straight or cross over cable for connecting to other network devices DB9 Serial Port The RS232C standard male DB9 asynchronous serial port may be used for initial configuration or for attaching a modem or any other RS232 serial device
5. RouterBOOT The RouterBOOT firmware also referred as boot loader here provides minimal functionality to boot an Operating System It supports serial console via the onboard serial port at the boot time The loader supports booting from the onboard NAND device CompactFlash or IBM Microdrive and from a network server see the respective section for details on this protocol Supported OSs e MikroTik RouterOS starting with version 2 9 e GNU Linux Boot Loader Configuration Loader parameters may be configured through the onboard RS232C DB9 asynchronous serial interface To connect to it use a standard null modem cable By default the port is set to 115200bit s 8 data bits 1 stop bit no parity hardware RTS CTS flow control Note that some null modem cables do not implement or implement incompletely the hardware RTS CTS flow control so it is suggested to try to disable hardware flow control in the terminal emulation program in case the serial console does not work as expected and if it does not help make a new cable using the pinout given in the Appendix To enter the loader configuration screen press any key or only Delete key or Backspace key see the note for the respective configurable option depending on the actual configuration just after the loader is asking for it RouterBOOT booter 1 0betal RouterBoard 500 CPU frequency 333 MHz Memory size 32 MB Press any key within 5 seconds to enter setup R
6. TxD pin 3 of this port has 12V DC power when idle LEDs Power LED LED is on when the board is powered User LED User LED may be programmed at user s option See RouterBOARD 500 SDK for more details MiniPCI LEDs 2 pairs of MiniPCI LEDs are connected to MiniPCI slots two LEDs per slot according to standards User s Guide Assembling the Hardware First to use the board e In most cases you do not need to use any additional boot devices as you can boot the RouterBOARD from the onboard NAND memory You can also install a CompactFlash module or Microdrive hard drive which you can use as an alternative boot device or an additional storage medium Warning The RouterBOARD 500 series does not support hot insert of CompactFlash Microdrive devices e Configure jumpers The board should have 4 jumpers already set in some positions Be very careful setting the jumpers as you can permanently damage the board should you set them incorrectly See the following section on how to choose the correct setting Also the Jumper Index chapter of this manual describes all possible jumper positions e Insert MiniPCI cards on the board itself and on the Daughterboard if you have one e Install the board in a case Connect and secure the Daughterboard on top of it if you have one e Connect other peripherals and cables You can also order a pre assembled system with RouterBOARD and extension cards of your choice already installed in a case Powering
7. example you can use HyperTerminal for Windows or Minicom for Linux to upload the boot loader Alternatively if you have a DHCP BOOTP and TFTP servers available you can specify the loader image as a boot image and choose the bios upgrade over ethernet option in the boot loader configuration menu The loader will get the image from the TFTP server and upgrade itself The most current loader image is available for download on www routerboard com If you are using a Microsoft Windows series operating system you can use the remote upgrading application available on www routerboard com This program boots the RouterBOARD from network and upgrades the loader Note that the upgrade may only take place within the same broadcast domain i e there must not be any routers between the Windows based machine and the upgradable RouterBOARD You can download from www routerboard com a special disk image this image is a standard raw image you can write on a CompactFlash with a program like PhysDiskWrite for Windows or dd for UNIX Linux which you can use to boot the RouterBOARD from This program will upgrade the loader to the latest version The boot loader upgrading is supported also from MikroTik RouterOS The procedure is described in the MikroTik RouterOS manual 11 RouterBOARD 500 Series User s Manual Appendix Connector Index CPU speed selector Although marked on the board as to select CPU frequency it has no real effect and thus no
8. Boar Layout it A dc a eere ee len 4 BIO OD It fe az 10 a NE 4 SPECICATION ciocaac in in dmaeaane a a aa a a ieGbawacecenuGhevaacenimeanaatedssenisucaawaue cums satnM aaaueets satukiedhGedab nese 5 DENT ad A sccee nee sanneke vat vake tgene tienen Cie wat ned da iced de eben ete 5 Board Bile MSPS iM Sets cide sustains emee A A a 5 Hardware GUIAS sip a E A se derma A A A Ad 6 Memory and Storage DEVICES tii a sa bad 6 OBOA MATO AOT 6 Onboard NAND Storage DEVICE coccion O N AA AA A acer 6 Compactrl sh Mte aCe cp do obi ad 6 Extensi n SIO S uu A se atin A la 6 ea EEn 6 Input Output Jo a 6 LANT PORE WIthOPOE a 6 NN LT 6 LANG PORE A dde 6 DBS SERA Pot a gated dennen 7 LEDS eneen eneen sens gilts ate henna daneen etienne an 7 Power LED ireira a tienen went hanen eenden kenner vaken dranken kannen taan ec wee 7 User EL DANE 7 MIP CT LEDS sneerde eden ee gerea edt okeee 7 VETERE CREE 7 Assembling the Hardware ie 2 saints o A tan AA a A A 7 PGS MG o Ni E ain ande en 7 DONA ln 8 Onboard NAND Storage Device coi caia oa Ea a is eta 8 Internal Storage DEVICE ui daisies ca a A EE ARE EEEE AAA 8 Booting ronm Ania Lel EN 8 Operating System SUDPOE a dateren anika eenden dd geek 8 System Architectures ii A A A andalan wan enn 8 MikroTik RouterOS nanne oenen den eenen eaterman melde zenne een en daat ddr ennen 9 MU a A E E A A A A 9 Router BOOT mna a A A A A deman at A 9 Boot Loader Configuration dd Pala UA Ai 9 C nfigurabl
9. ND Storage Device The boards are equipped with one 64MB replaced with 128MB on later builds NAND nonvolatile memory chip CompactFlash Interface You can use any CompactFlash Type I or II cards as well as IBM Hitachi Microdrive hard drives Warning The RouterBOARD 500 series boards do not support hot insert of CompactFlash Microdrive devices Extension Slots MiniPCI Slot MiniPCI Type IIIA slot has 3 3V only power signaling This slot also accepts MiniPCI Type IIIB standard cards Supplied power shared between all the devices installed on or connected to the RouterBOARD 3 3V 4 25A 14W Input Output Ports LAN1 Port with PoE This Fast Ethernet port is recognized as first LAN interface in most OSs It is fully compatible with IEEE802 3af Power over Ethernet standard and passive PoE non standard The board accepts either 12 or 48 V DC input voltage according to the configuration To use standard PoE power option on this interface JP3 and JP4 must be switched to the 1 2 position and JP5 and JP6 must be switched to the 2 3 position The PoE input can also be switched to 12V non standard PoE powering switching JP3 JP4 JP5 and JP6 to the 2 3 position CAUTION If JP3 and JP4 are switched to the 2 3 position and a standard 48V PoE injector is used the board will be irreparably broken and exchange will not be covered by the warranty The RouterBOARD 51 power injector may be used to power the board with up to 100m 330 ft long
10. Power options e J13 power jack 6 22V or 25 56V DC e J14 power header 6 22V or 25 56V DC including 48V telecom power e JEEE802 3af Power over Ethernet PoE on the first Ethernet port 48V DC 12V DC non standard PoE powering support RouterBOARD 500 series boards are equipped with a reliable 14W onboard power supply that accepts a wide range of input voltage The board has a power jack 5 5mm outside and 2mm inside diameter female pin positive plug and a power header wired serially it is not recommended to connect power to both power header and power jack simultaneously JP3 and JP4 choose input voltage 1 2 for 25 56V DC 2 3 for 6 22V DC Note that because of wire resistance PoE requires higher voltage it is recommended to use 11V minimum CAUTION If JP3 and JP4 are switched to the 2 3 position and a higher voltage e g 48V power adapter or a standard PoE injector is used the board will be irreparably broken and exchange will not be covered by warranty RouterBOARD 500 Series User s Manual On high voltage jumper position in order to power the board with voltage lower than approximately 30V DC you may need to close the JP7 PoE control jumper located near the S1 button Note that only the RB532c build version accepts 25 56V DC powering To power the board from 48V telecom power lines or any other negative voltage within the supported range connect GND power wire to the positive contact of the J14 and 48V wir
11. RouterBOARD 500 Series User s Manual Rev L 31 Jan 2006 Copyright Copyright 2003 2006 MikroTikls SIA This manual contains information protected by copyright law No part of it may be reproduced or transmitted in any form without prior written permission from the copyright holder Trademarks RouterBOARD RouterOS RouterBOOT and MikroTik are trademarks of MikroTikls SIA All trademarks and registered trademarks appearing in this manual are the property of their respective holders Limited Warranty Hardware MikroTikls SIA warrants all RouterBOARD 500 series equipment for the term of one year from the shipping date to be free of defects in materials and workmanship under normal use and service All parts will be repaired or replaced with similar or functionally equivalent parts by MikroTikls SIA during the warranty term except in case the returned parts have mechanical electrical or other accidental or intended damages caused by improper use or due to wind rain fire or other acts of nature Parts or systems must be shipped pre paid to our facility in Riga Latvia All items must have a Return Material Authorization RMA which you can get by contacting us via email telephone or fax RMA must be printed signed and enclosed with the shipment also the RMA number must be written on the package itself Parts sent without following the proper procedure will be treated as those not to be repaired or replaced due to the above menti
12. ScOPbIONS iser an e a o A nt nt aeta Ea det karnen die anne ate nk 10 Changing CRURFESGUOAEN carver ies eeen dennie oaeen el awak anne kata dann 10 Boot Loader Upgrading sci ged ri A vann sean nenten nand neten vaarden tanende ene 10 No olst aio bn 12 Connector INGEN En 12 Jumper TREK A A vaneen aen 14 Button dia rd a 14 Ethernet Cables ispari O A a 14 Eull Ser al Nullemoden Console CAS aii A a aah Haldia aen 14 RouterBOARD 500 Series User s Manual System Board View RB532c RouterBOARD 532 complete build 2S duuog anoy B000 e600000 Top view Bottom view RB532p1 RouterBOARD 532 low power 12V edition IDT 79RC32H434 526680 2C0442p 10480502288 eere z o pe a O gt a o a gt gt Top view Bottom view RouterBOARD 500 Series User s Manual System Board Layout DDR Memory MiniUPS Connector zojs ysejpoedwog External LED Connector 1039euuog preoquejyBneg Jejjonuog jeuseurd Jejjonuog jouleyy3 Header Note on the other side of the board there is only a MiniPCI connector so no layout diagram shown Block Diagram 6 22 25 56V power jack 6 22 25 56V power header 12 48V PoE Onboard RAM Onboard Flash NAND CF connector Serial port GPIO pins User LED 100BaseTX port 1 with POE in Ethernet 100BaseTX port 2 Controller Ethernet 100BaseTX port 3 Controller 2 MiniPCI slots Daughterboard
13. e to the negative contact Positive contact is the nearest to the power jack square m contact on the power header RouterBOARD 500 series boards are compliant with IEEE802 3af Power over Ethernet standard and accept 48V powering over up to 100m 330 ft long Ethernet cable connected to the first Ethernet port J6 or J12 JP5 and JP6 jumpers choose whether to accept power form PoE enabled Ethernet port position 2 3 or from the power jack header position 1 2 The board also accepts 12V DC or any other within the 11 22V range non standard PoE input voltage see note above on how to use it Booting options First RouterBOOT loader is started It displays some useful information on the onboard RS232C asynchronous serial port which is set to 115200bit s 8 data bits 1 stop bit no parity hardware RTS CTS flow control by default The loader may be configured to boot the system from the onboard NAND module an internal storage device or from Ethernet network See the respective section of this manual for how to configure booting sequence and other boot loader parameters Onboard NAND Storage Device The RouterBOARD may be started from the onboard NAND storage chip As there is no partition table on the device the boot loader assumes the first 4MiB form a YAFFS filesystem and executes the file called kernel stored in the root directory on that partition It is possible to partition the rest of the medium by patching the kernel source
14. o by default Enabling this option may cause longer boot process cpu mode whether to enter CPU suspend mode on HTL instruction power save regular power save by default Most OSs use HLT instruction during CPU idle cycle When CPU is in suspend mode it consumes less power but in low temperature conditions below 0 C it is recommended to choose regular mode so that overall system temperature would be higher try cpu frequency try this CPU frequency on the next power cycle 199MHz 266MHz 333MHz 266MHz by default Note that the J1 jumper is marked on the board as to select CPU frequency however it has no effect and the only way to control CPU frequency is using this boot loader setting keep cpu frequency permanently set the current CPU frequency not the one set but the one actually active reset configuration whether to reset all the boot loader settings to their respective default values yes no no by default upgrade firmware receive a new boot loader image using XModem protocol over serial line or using DHCP BOOTP and TFTP protocols through the Ethernet network upgrade firmware over ethernet upgrade firmware over serial port board info prints the serial number boot loader version CPU frequency memory size and MAC addresses of the onboard Ethernet ports boot protocol network booting protocol bootp protocol dhcp protocol bootp protocol by default do memory testing performs a full memo
15. oned conditions Items proved to be free of defects in our lab will be returned to the customer at the customer s expense Those that do meet the warranty repair requirements will be repaired or replaced and returned to the customer s location at our expense extending the warranty term for the time the items are being shipped to and from our facility and replaced or repaired Manual This manual is provided as is without a warranty of any kind expressed or implied including but not limited to the implied warranty of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose The manufacturer has made every effort to ensure the accuracy of the contents of this manual however it is possible that it may contain technical inaccuracies typographical or other errors No liability is assumed for any inaccuracy found in this publication nor for direct or indirect incidental consequential or other damages that may result from such an inaccuracy including but not limited to loss of data or profits Please report any inaccuracies found to docs mikrotik com Caution To avoid damage of the system use the correct DC input voltage range RouterBOARD 500 Series User s Manual Table of Contents COPE A A A A AA Ed 1 Ade Koka en 1 OMC AET ere sie cies cin eid aac ed cis tia Ea inn ache OE E AA EE AAA AEAEE aE aa Ea 1 Ot Le fonen 1 System Board VIEW ciar AAA A AAA AA 3 SYSte Mi
16. oot and the BOOTP DHCP and TFTP servers to the same broadcast domain i e there must not be any routers between them Operating System Support System Architecture RouterBOARD 500 series embedded boards are fully compatible with the standard MIPS32 architecture with PCI bus CPU RouterBOARD 500 series has MIPS32 little endian based embedded processor using MIPS 4Kc CPU core It is fully binary compatible with all software developed for MIPS32 little endian mipsel instruction set architecture The MIPS 4Kc core includes TLB Memory Management Unit and does not include Float Point Unit so it is optimized for integer operations RouterBOARD 500 Series User s Manual Ethernet RouterBOARD 500 series has three onboard Ethernet ports The first port is controlled by IDT Korina MAC embedded in the CPU and ADMtek PHY chip The second and the third Ethernet ports are controlled by VIA VT6105 integrated MAC PHY chips The RouterBOARD 500 SDK describes programming LED Watchdog JPi jumper and Si button MikroTik RouterOS MikroTik RouterOS special RouterBOARD 500 edition starting from version 2 9 is fully compatible with RouterBOARD 500 series embedded boards No additional patches required Linux RouterBOOT is tested to boot DELO Linux loader other Linux loaders may also work Linux kernel 2 4 was tested A special Linux kernel patch is needed for the board to boot and work correctly It is available from www routerboard com
17. outerBOOT 1 0betal What do you want to configure boot delay boot key serial console boot device memory test cpu mode try cpu frequency keep cpu frequency reset configuration upgrade firmware board info PQORAMS BO yo RouterBOARD 500 Series User s Manual p boot protocol t do memory testing x exit setup your choice To select a menu point press the key written at the beginning of this line Pressing Enter selects the option marked with Configurable Options boot delay how much time to wait for a key stroke while booting 1 10 seconds 1 second by default boot key which key will cause the loader to enter configuration mode during boot delay any key lt Delete gt key only any key by default Note that in some serial terminal programs it is impossible to use the Delete key to enter the setup in this case it might be possible to do this with the Backspace key serial console to configure initial serial console bitrate 1200 2400 4800 9600 19200 38400 57600 115200 115200 bps by default boot device initial boot device Etherboot boot from NAND boot from CF boot Ethernet once then NAND boot Ethernet once then CF boot from NAND by default You can also select boot chosen device option to boot from the device selected immediately without saving the setting memory test whether to test all the RAM during boot procedure yes no n
18. ry test Changing CPU Frequency By default the RouterBOARD 500 series boards are equipped with 266MHz processors which may be overclocked to 333MHz with a varying degree of success no guarantees The boards that are tested to work on 400MHz must be especially ordered and our ability to provide them as well as schedule depends on the demand for this factory option The bootloader is made so that you must first try a different frequency before it could be set permanently and if you do not apply a frequency permanently it would fall back to the previous setting on the next power cycle It is still possible however that the board is not working properly on the frequency you ve applied so the default 266MHz CPU frequency can be restored To do that power the board with the Si button pressed then unplug the power and when you will turn the board on again it will have CPU frequency set to 266MHz temporarily so you will have to apply that frequency by issuing the keep cpu frequency command in the loader configuration prompt Boot Loader Upgrading The boot loader is needed to initialize all the hardware and boot the system up Newer loader versions might have support for more hardware so it s generally a good idea to upgrade the loader once a newer version is available You can upgrade the loader through the onboard serial port using XModem protocol programs 10 RouterBOARD 500 Series User s Manual available for all major OSs For
19. t populated on the production boards Use the boot loader to configure CPU speed js e C een 7 aten SSS gt afers cearto Sena SSS 5 C g 12 RouterBOARD 500 Series User s Manual RJ45 Fast Ethernet 100Base TX port 3 omen oOo Jore ooo S oee oOo Jeo SSS Jo ooo Seo arar En Jreman ooo seamos SSCS CI zolen harrie SSS lerenno SSCS 12 cren hecale SSCS Co oS eeN ooo oere OSC alone ooo oee OoOo meeer SSCS olm 1 pee LED SS heee OOOO o ooo 1 RTS Request to Send TxD Transmit Data RxD Receive Data A CTS Clear to Send 13 RouterBOARD 500 Series User s Manual Jumper Index J1 Although marked on the board as to select CPU frequency it has no real effect and thus not populated on the production boards Use the boot loader to configure CPU speed JP2 Serial port autopower off and software controlled operation Normal operation with autopower off enabled Force on Input voltage select 48V mode 25 56V DC 12V mode 6 22V DC Power source select Power jack header Power over Ethernet IEEE802 3af Power over Ethernet standard operation Normal operation according to IEEE802 3af Power over Ethernet standard Disable PoE control for passive PoE injectors Button Index During the bootloader initialization sets the default 266MHz CPU frequency see the RouteBOOT section for more details User defined button GPIO1 RxD signal only useful when serial port is not used
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