TE400 Series User Manual
Contents
1. To install software for your TE400 Series card you will need m Full Linux kernel 2 6 or later source code m Development libraries and headers for libncurses only necessary for Asterisk 1 2 or for Zaptel 1 4 and Asterisk 1 4 Development libraries and headers for zlib and openssl If you are using the 1 2 x series of Asterisk and Zaptel you will need Asterisk 1 2 20 or newer and Zaptel 1 2 20 or newer If you are using the 1 4 x series of Asterisk and Zaptel you will need Asterisk 1 4 5 or newer and Zaptel 1 4 5 or newer Release 1 2 Digium Inc Page 31 Chapter 2 Card Installation 1 Check your Ispci PCI device listing Boot the computer into Linux After the machine has loaded log in and execute the following lspci n Confirm your lspci PCI device listing by scanning for the following information in the output screen 0000 01 0e 0 ISDN controller Unknown device d161 lt card identifier In the device listing shown above card identifier will be populated with one of the identifiers listed in the table below Table 1 Card Identifiers Model Identifier TE420B 0420 TE420 0420 TE412P 0410 TE410P 0410 TE407P 0405 TE405P 0405 A Digium TE400 Series TE420B TE420 412P 410P 407P 405P ISDN Controller should be identified If a controller is not identified then your machine is not PCI 2 2 or higher or PCI Express compatible and the card will not work with your equipment Re2. Server Analog Phones Figure 1 Sample Legacy Phone Application Release 1 2 Digium Inc Page 16 Chapter 1 Overview lt Asterisk Channel Bank E Server T1 fF T1 E T1 D Channel Bank Phones Figure 2 Sample Channel Bank Application Release 1 2 Digium Inc Page 17 Chapter 1 Overview Figure 3 Sample IP Phone Application Release 1 2 Digium Inc Page 18 Chapter 1 Overview Echo Cancellation Users connecting their TE400 series cards to the PSTN or other devices are likely to be placing calls that will result at some point in an unbalanced 4 wire 2 wire hybrid The result of this hybrid is the reflection of a near end echo to the calling party Elimination of this echo is the responsibility of echo cancellation The TE400 series cards unless otherwise equipped utilize Asterisk to perform software based echo cancellation Asterisk maintains a number of open source echo cancelers These open source echo cancelers provide a moderate level of echo cancellation but are
3. To reduce the risk of damaging the unit or your equipment do not attempt to open the enclosure or gain access to areas where you are 4 not instructed to do so Refer servicing to qualified service personnel gt gt Save these instructions for future reference Release 1 2 Digium Inc Page 9 TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter 1 i 14 19 What is 20 Chapter 2 Card Installation 21 Unpacking the 22 Identifying Communication Ports 23 THEA Selection um ica aaa pelare 25 Identifying Multiple Cards 25 Connecting Timing Cables 26 PCI Slot Compatibility 28 Hardware Installation 30 Software Installation 31 Installing Asterisk 34 Chapter 3 Configurallon EER EET MESES 35 Configuring Card Features 36 Configuring T1 E1 Lines 39 Testing Your 46 Chapter 4 Troubleshootirnig ee ees 48 Release 1 2 Digium Inc Page 10
4. Table Of Contents Appendix A Pin Assignments elm eee RR eee eee eae 54 Appendix B Specifications Re pese d woe ue 55 Appendix C Glossary and Acronyms 57 Release 1 2 Digium Inc Page 11 Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 7 Figure 8 Figure 9 Figure 10 Figure 11 Release 1 2 List of Figures Sample Legacy Phone Application 16 Sample Channel Bank Application 17 Sample IP Phone Application 18 TE405P iran 23 TE420 ela 24 T1 E1 Jumpers 25 Ident 26 Timing Ponts Rm 27 Motherboard PCI Slots 28 Insert the Card 30 dmesg Screen Capture suu 46 Digium Inc Page 12 List of Tables Table 1 TE400 Series Cards 6 Table A 1 RJ45 Telco Port 54 Table B 2 Maximum Power Consumption 56 Release 1 2 Digium Inc Page 13 Chapter 1 Overview The Digium TE 400 Series cards are a T1 E1 capable card series created for voice and data They support industry standard protocols including Robbed Bit Signaling E amp M Primary Rate ISDN PRI and several data modes PPP HDLC Cisco HDLC and frame relay The TE400 Series are capable of running in E1 T1
5. Use sethdlc to bring up the interface sethdlc hdlc0 cisco or for old style make sethdlc instead of sethdlc new use sethdlc hdlc0 mode cisco 6 Assign the interface an address ifconfig hdlc0 192 168 0 1 netmask 255 255 255 0 7 The interface may be addressed as any other networking interface i e ethO in Linux Release 1 2 Digium Inc Page 45 Chapter 3 Configuration Testing Your configuration 1 Load Zaptel drivers into the kernel using the program modprobe The appropriate driver for the TE400 Series cards is wet4xxp Users in all countries except Australia should use the following modprobe command modprobe wct4xxp ztcfg vv dmesg screen import drivers usb input hid core ct v2 0 USB HID core driver usb 1 2 USB disconnect address 2 usb 1 2 1 USB disconnect address 3 Stopped TE4XXP Turned off DMA ACPI PCI interrupt 0000 00 0c 0 A gt GSI 10 level low gt IRQ 10 Found TE4XXP at base address f4001400 remapped to c8883400 TE4XXP version 01 0164 burst OFF slip debug OFF FALC version 00000005 Board ID 00 Reg 0 Ox01fff400 Reg 1 0 01 000 Reg 2 Oxffffffff Reg 3 9x00000000 Reg 4 Ox0000ff00 Reg 5 0x00000000 Reg 6 0 01 0164 Reg 7 0x00001000 Reg 8 9x00000000 Reg 9 OxOOFFOOFF Reg 10 0 00000000 TE4XXP Launching cardi 0 TE4XXP Setting up global serial parameters Found a Wildcard Wildcard TE405P 2nd Gen herbie amp Figure 11 dmesg Scree
6. 1 23 dchan 24 etc asterisk zapata conf group 1 signalling pri cpe switchtype national context incoming channel 1 23 PRI E1 etc zaptel conf span 1 1 0 ccs hdb bchan 1 15 17 31 dchan 16 etc asterisk zapata conf group 1 signalling pri cpe switchtype euroisdn context incoming channel 1 15 17 31 Release 1 2 Digium Inc Page 43 Chapter 3 Configuration Fourth Example Data Mode Data mode is a little different than the other options The zaptel conf is configured as follows etc zaptel conf span 1 0 0 esf b8zs nethdlc 1 24 1 Instructions for Cisco HDLC Compile kernel with HDLC support Note We suggest that you use either a Kernel version of 2 4 20 or less or a Kernel of 2 6 8 or greater The HDLC implementation in the interval kernels is in a state of too much flux The following data modes are described in this section WAN Interfaces Support Generic HDLC Layer Cisco HDLC support 2 Rebuild and reboot into your kernel 3 Uncomment the following line in zconfig h of the Zaptel package define CONFIG ZAPATA NET If you are using a kernel prior to 2 4 19 also uncomment this line define CONFIG OLD HDLC API Release 1 2 Digium Inc Page 44 Chapter 3 Configuration Rebuild Zaptel including the creation of the SetHDLC utility make sethdlc new use make sethdlc for kernels 2 4 19 and prior make install 4 Load and configure your driver modprobe wct4xxp ztcfg 5
7. 63 Appendix C Glossary and Acronyms RJ11 A six pin jack typically used for connecting telephones modems and fax machines in residential and business settings to PBX or the local telephone CO SIP Session Initiation Protocol An IETF standard for setting up sessions between one or more clients It is currently the leading signaling protocol for Voice over IP gradually replacing H 323 TI A dedicated digital carrier facility which transmits up to 24 voice channels DSOs and transmits data at 1 544 Mbps Commonly used to carry traffic to and from private business networks and ISPs T3 A dedicated digital carrier facility which consists of 28 T1 lines and transmits data at 44 736 Mbps Equivalent to 672 voice channels 0505 TDM time division multiplexer A device that supports simultaneous transmission of multiple data streams into a single high speed data stream TDM separates signals by interleaving bits one after the other telco A generic name which refers to the telephone companies throughout the world including RBOCs LECs and PTTs Release 1 2 Digium Inc Page 64 Appendix C Glossary and Acronyms tip and ring The standard termination on the two conductors of a telephone circuit named after the physical appearance of the contact areas on the jack plug twisted pair Two copper wires commonly used for telephony and data communications The wires are wrapped loosely around each other to minimize radio frequen
8. Level 1 1 544 Mbps in North America T1 and Japan J1 up to 24 voice channels DSOs 2 048 Mbps in Europe E1 up to 32 voice channels 0505 DS1 T1 E1 lines part of the PSTN DS3 Digital Signal Level 3 T3 in North America and Japan E3 in Europe Up to 672 voice channels DSOs DS3 T3 E3 lines are not part of the PSTN DTMF Dual Tone Multi Frequency Push button or touch tone dialing Release 1 2 Digium Inc Page 59 Appendix C Glossary and Acronyms E1 The European equivalent of North American T1 transmits data at 2 048 Mbps up to 32 voice channels DSOs E3 The European equivalent of North American T3 transmits data at 34 368 Mbps up to 512 voice channels DSOs Equivalent to 16 E1 lines EMI Electromagnetic Interference Unwanted electrical noise present on a power line full duplex Data transmission in two directions simultaneously FXO Foreign Exchange Office Receives the ringing voltage from an FXS device FXS Foreign Exchange Station Initiates and sends ringing voltage G 711 The International Telecommunications Union recommendation for an algorithm designed to transmit and receive mulaw PCM voice and A law at digital bit rate 64 Kbps This algorithm is used for digital telephone sets on digital PBX Release 1 2 Digium Inc Page 60 Appendix C Glossary and Acronyms G 729 An International Telecommunications Union standard for voice algorithm H 323 An International Te
9. card Users should not attempt to perform this function themselves Shipment Inspection The following items are included in shipment of the TE400 Series m TE400 Series card TE405P 407P 410P 412P 420 420B Release 1 2 Digium Inc Page 22 Chapter 2 Card Installation Identifying Communication Ports The TE400 Series cards consists of four RJ45 ports and four status LEDs The ports are used for connecting T1 El or 71 cables Refer to Figure 4 on page 23 or Figure 5 on page 24 to locate the ports and LEDs Timing Port Status LEDs Jumpers Ident Wheel E 22 Connector Figure 4 TE405P Card Release 1 2 Digium Inc Page 23 Chapter 2 Card Installation Timing Port Status LEDs Jumpers Ident Wheel xpress Connector Figure 5 TE420 Card Release 1 2 Digium Inc Page 24 Chapter 2 Card Installation T1 E1 Selection The card includes a row of jumpers to select either T1 or E1 mode for the spans An example of the jumpers from the TE 405 card is shown in Figure 6 The T1 E1 mode in most cases is set at the distributor before shipment You may want to check the setting to be certain they are set for your specific use Figure 6 T1 E1 Jumpers Identifying Multiple Cards If multiple TE400 Series cards are installed in the same machine then the Ident wheel can be used to control the order the cards are recognized The click wheel switch with the word Ident printed above it can be set t
10. signals The channels take up different frequencies on the cable integrating voice data and video over one line channel A generic term for an individual data stream Service providers can use multiplexing techniques to transmit multiple channels over a common medium Cats Category of Performance for wiring and cabling Cat 5 cabling support applications up to 100 MHz Cat5E Category of Performance for wiring and cabling Category 5 Enhanced wiring supports signal rates up to 100 MHz but adheres to stricter quality specifications CLEC competitive local exchange carrier A term for telephone companies established after the Telecommunications Act of 1996 deregulated the LECs CLECs compete with ILECS to offer local service See also LEC and ILEC Release 1 2 Digium Inc Page 58 Appendix C Glossary and Acronyms CO central office The CO houses local switching equipment All local access lines in a particular geographic area terminate at this facility which is usually owned and operated by an ILEC CPE customer premises equipment Terminal equipment which is connected to the telecommunications network and which resides within the home or office of the customer This includes telephones modems terminals routers and television set top boxes DSO Digital Signal Level 0 A voice grade channel of 64 Kbps The worldwide standard speed for digitizing voice conversation using PCM Pulse Code Modulation DS1 Digital Signal
11. you can follow the instructions below If you are using the 1 2 x series of Asterisk and Zaptel you will need Asterisk 1 2 20 or newer and Zaptel 1 2 20 or newer If you are using the 1 4 x series of Asterisk and Zaptel you will need Asterisk 1 4 5 or newer and Zaptel 1 4 5 or newer 1 Download the latest released version of Asterisk either 1 2 20 or later or 1 4 5 or later Asterisk can be downloaded via http from http downloads digium com pub telephony asterisk 2 Expand the downloaded tarballs Substitute the version of Asterisk you are using with the X X in the command lines below tar xvpzf asterisk 1 X X tar gz cd asterisk 1 X X make clean configure applies to 1 4 X only make menuselect appies to 1 4 X only if you wish to customize the install make make install If the build fails it may be because you are missing one of the build dependencies the kernel source or development tools Feel free to contact your reseller where the card was purchased or call Digium Technical Support 1 256 428 6161 for assistance Complete instructions for installing Asterisk are available at www asterisk org Release 1 2 Digium Inc Page 34 Chapter 3 Configuration The TE400 Series cards have a variety of configuration options This chapter provides configurations for PRI channel bank E amp M wink and finally data mode These sample configurations are provided to assist you in familiarizing yourse
12. Bank in this example has 24 FXS ports In this configuration the zaptel conf is set for the card to provide timing to the channel bank and fxoks is set for 24 stations Set Zapata conf to mirror the configuration with signalling fxo ks and define it for channels 1 24 etc zaptel conf span 1 0 0 esf b8zs fxoks 1 24 etc asterisk zapata conf group 1 context channelbank signalling fxo ks channel 1 24 Release 1 2 Digium Inc Page 41 Chapter 3 Configuration Second Example E amp M Line In the E amp M Line configuration the zaptel conf is set for the card to take timing from the telco on E amp M with wink while zapata conf mirrors the configuration However Feat_D is a type of E amp M with wink that accepts DID but there are many E amp M options E amp M_W E amp M Feat_B etc etc zaptel conf span 1 1 0 esf b8zs e amp m 1 24 etc asterisk zapata conf group 1 context incoming signalling feat d channel 1 24 Third Example PRI By setting the card to take timing in zaptel conf you acquire 23 b channels and voice channels with channel 24 as the data transport For Asterisk define PRI_CPE so it is the client side Define the switch type you are connecting to as national There are several options for the switch type including 5ESS 4ESS and NII You will then have 23 voice channels for Asterisk Release 1 2 Digium Inc Page 42 Chapter 3 Configuration PRI T1 etc zaptel conf span 1 1 0 esf b8zs bchan
13. N number timing line build out framing and coding Configuration details for each of these items is explained in this section span gt NUMBER TIMING LINE BUILD OUT FRAMING CODING Number This is the port the span is plugged into Port 1 being the furthest span from the PCI bus The port numbers are noted on the PCI bracket Timing Determines whether the card provides timing 0 takes timing 1 takes backup span timing 2 provides backup span timing 3 and so on Only one span can be defined to take timing and it defines timing for the rest of the card spans Release 1 2 Digium Inc Page 39 Chapter 3 Configuration Line Build Out For most setups the line build out is 0 0 db CSU 0 133 feet DSX 1 133 266 feet DSX 1 266 399 feet DSX 1 399 533 feet DSX 1 533 655 feet DSX 1 T 5db CSU 15db CSU 22 5db CSU tA WN Framing T1 utilizes framing set for D4 SF or ESF E1 utilizes CAS or CCS Coding T1 coding can be AMI or B8ZS E1 coding can be AMI or HDB3 can also have the extra flag CRC4 at the end for CRC4 checking Yellow flag can also be added at the end for transmitting a yellow alarm when all channels are in use The following is a typical setup for a telco in the US span gt 1 1 0 esf b8zs In Europe span gt 1 1 0 ccs hdb3 Release 1 2 Digium Inc Page 40 Chapter 3 Configuration First Example Channel Bank The Channel
14. PRI How can I see the messages coming across my D channel Enter the following command PRI debug span X where x is the port from which you are connected This command will show you the PRI messages coming across your D channel for that message Release 1 2 Digium Inc Page 50 Chapter 4 Troubleshooting I am still having problems and the telco tells me it is my equipment The first thing to do in this situation is to test your equipment 1 Plug in a loopback cable A loopback cable is a cable that has pin 1 going to pin 4 and pin 2 going to pin 5 Plug the cable into the span and wait for its LED to turn green 2 Stop Asterisk and edit zaptel conf by removing the lines defined for your card and replacing them with the following span gt 1 0 0 esf b8zs clear 1 24 Or if you have an El span span gt 1 0 0 ccs hdb3 clear 1 31 3 Navigate to your zaptel source directory and type make tests Followed by patlooptest dev zap 1 60 The first argument in the patlooptest command is the device for the channel number you want to test You should always test the first channel of a span The second argument is the duration in seconds to run the test Page 51 Digium Inc Release 1 2 Chapter 4 Troubleshooting This runs a pattern looptest for 60 seconds If you receive any failures it is possible you have a bad card and will need to call Digium Technical Support 1 256 428 6161 Common Fixes for all cards 1 C
15. Part 68 rules and requirements adopted by the ACTA If the TE 400 Series causes harm to the telephone network the telephone company may notify you in advance that temporary discontinuance of service may be required But if advance notice is not practical the telephone company will notify you as soon as possible Also you will be advised of your right to file a complaint with the FCC if you believe it is necessary The telephone company may make changes in its facilities equipment operations or procedures that could affect the operation of the equipment If this happens the telephone company will provide advance notice in order for you to make necessary modifications to maintain uninterrupted service If you experience problems with the TE 400 Series contact Digium Inc 1 256 428 6161 for repair and or warranty information If the equipment is causing harm to the telephone network the telephone Release 1 2 Digium Inc Page 4 company may request that you disconnect the equipment until the problem is resolved FCC Part 15 This device complies with part 15 of FCC rules Operation is subject to the following two conditions 1 This device may not cause harmful interference and 2 This device must accept any interference received including interference that may cause undesired operation Industry Canada Compliance Information Notice The Industry Canada label applied to the product identified by the Industry Canada logo
16. ccess to the Asterisk experts Pricing on Subscription Services may be obtained from your nearest reseller or you may call Digium Sales for referral to your nearest reseller at 1 256 428 6000 or e mail sales digium com Page 53 Digium Inc Release 1 2 Appendix A Pin Assignments All four ports on the TE400 Series card bracket are 8 pin RJ45 ports The pin assignments are identified in Table A 1 Table A 1 RJ45 Telco Port Connector Pin Description 1 Rx 2 Rx Pini 3 Not used 4 Tx 5 Tx Ping 6 Not used 7 Not used 8 Not used Release 1 2 Digium Inc Page 54 Appendix B Specifications This appendix provides specifications required environmental conditions and maximum power consumption for the Asterisk Appliance card Physical All Cards Size 5 x 3 75 x 0 63 12 7 x 9 53 x 1 6 cm PCB size does not include the PCI bracket Weight 3 5 oz 100gm Without Echo Cancellation Module Interfaces Local Loop Access 71 PRI RJ45 TE405 410 PCI Bus 3 3V or 5V bus slot half length slot minimum size 33MHz minimum bus speed compliant with PCI 2 2 or greater TE420 PCI E X1 compliant with PCI E X1 1 0 or greater Environment Temperature 0 to 50 C 32 to 122 F operation 20 to 65 C 4 to 149 F storage Humidity 10 to 90 non condensing Release 1 2 Digium Inc Page 55 Hardware and Software Requirements 800 Mhz Pentiu
17. cy interference or interference from other pairs in the same bundle volts VoIP Voice over IP Technology used for transmitting voice traffic over a data network using the Internet Protocol Zaptel Zap Zapata Telephony Project dedicated to implementing a reasonable and affordable Computer Telephony platform into the world marketplace Release 1 2 Digium Inc Page 65
18. determine which slot you have identify it by comparing it to those shown in Figure 9 on page 28 Slot Number 0 AGP Pro Slot 1 64 bit 5 0 volt PCI Slot 2 64 bit 3 3 volt PCI Slot 3 32 bit 5 0 volt PCI Slot 4 PCI Express Slot Figure 9 Motherboard PCI Slots Release 1 2 Digium Inc Page 28 Chapter 2 Card Installation The TE405P 407P card is a 32 bit 33MHz card keyed for 5 0 volt operation and works in any PCI 2 2 or higher compliant slot which supports 5 0 volts This means that in the motherboard shown in Figure 9 the TE405P 407P card will fit into Slots 1 and 3 The TE405P 407P will not fit into Slot 2 The TE410P 412P card is a 32 bit 33MHz card keyed for 3 3 volt operation and works in any PCI 2 2 or higher compliant slot which supports 3 3 volts This means that in the motherboard shown in Figure 9 the TE410P 412P card will only fit into Slot 2 The TE410P 412P will not fit into Slots 1 or 3 The TE420 TE420B card is a PCI Express card Slot 4 illustrated above is a 1 lane X1 PCI Express compliant slot The TE420 TE420B will work in any PCI Express compliant slot including lane lengths X4 X8 and X16 This means that in the motherboard shown in Figure 9 the TE420 TE420B will only fit into Slot 4 The TE420 can not be used in Slots 1 through 3 Release 1 2 Digium Inc Page 29 Chapter 2 Card Installation Hardware Installation 1 Now that you are acquainted with the cards power down your comput
19. digium Asterisk TE400 Series TE420B TE420 412P 410P 407P 405P User Manual Digium Inc 150 West Park Loop Suite 100 Huntsville AL 35806 United States digium Asterisk Main Number 1 256 428 6000 Tech Support 1 256 428 6161 U S Toll Free 1 877 546 8963 Sales 1 256 428 6262 www digium com www asterisk org www asterisknow org Digium Inc 2007 All rights reserved No part of this publication may be copied distributed transmitted transcribed stored in a retrieval system or translated into any human or computer language without the prior written permission of Digium Inc Digium Inc has made every effort to ensure that the instructions contained in this document are adequate and error free The manufacturer will if necessary explain issues which may not be covered by this documentation The manufacturer s liability for any errors in the documents is limited to the correction of errors and the aforementioned advisory services This document has been prepared for use by professional and properly trained personnel and the customer assumes full responsibility when using it Adobe and Acrobat are registered trademarks and Acrobat Reader is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated Asterisk and Digium are registered trademarks and Asterisk Business Edition AsteriskNOW AsteriskGUI and Asterisk Appliance are trademarks of Digium Inc Any other trademarks mentioned in the document are the property of the
20. er and unplug it from its power source Attach a static strap to your wrist and open the case Check the jumper setting to ensure it matches your equipment configuration Setting the jumper with the switch on enables the ports for E1 Setting the jumper with the switch off enables the ports for T1 Remove the bracket place holder and insert the card into the PCI or PCI Express slot See Figure 10 for an example of card installation Figure 10 Insert the Card 5 Replace the cover to your computer 6 Plug all TI or El equipment cables into the RJ45 ports as needed Note It is recommended that you use shielded cables Release 1 2 Digium Inc Page 30 Chapter 2 Card Installation Caution This unit must be connected to the Telecommunications Network in your country using an approved line cord e g for Australia use only line cords complying with ACA Technical Standard TS008 Caution This unit must be connected only to the appropriate Telecommunications Network port as approved for use in your specific country Software Installation The card is only supported under Linux Digium Inc recommends Debian Fedora and Red Hat however many other distributions are supported by Digium Technical Support Digium hardware requires drivers and libraries that are integrated with the Linux kernel You can obtain the source code from downloads digium com Detailed instructions are provided in this section
21. gh amounts of CPU MIPS that increase as the number of taps are increased Audio quality issues may result from choosing a taps length greater than the server s ability to process the echo in real time If audio quality is affected reduce the taps length or combine your TE400 Series card with Digium s VPMOCT128 Users of Digium s VPMOCT128 hardware echo cancellation module will have 128ms of echo cancellation performed at all times unless explicitly disabled by setting the echocancel variable equal to no Signalling pri for CPE side pri net for NET side If you have a T1 PRI add these lines to the following lines of the sample file signalling pri cpe switchtype national group 1 context incoming channel gt 1 23 Release 1 2 Digium Inc Page 37 Chapter 3 Configuration PRI signalling pri cpe switchtype euroisdn context incoming channel gt 1 15 17 31 You can also configure a channel bank of phones signalling fxo ks group 1 context phones channel gt 1 24 channel bank signalling fxo ks group 1 context phones channel gt 1 24 Note More detailed troubleshooting information is provided on http www asterisk org Release 1 2 Digium Inc Page 38 Chapter 3 Configuration Configuring T1 E1 Lines 1 Begin by opening the zaptel conf file from the etc directory 2 Configure the SPAN Map For each T1 E1 you are using you will need to define a span The SPAN map includes defining the SPA
22. heck to see if X windows is running by entering the following ps aux grep X If X windows is running stop the application since it may cause a conflict with Asterisk 2 Check to see if your hard drives are running with DMA levels set Perform an hdparm on your hard drive interface If you are still having problems contact your reseller where the card was purchased or Digium Technical Support 1 256 428 6161 How can I enable more features To view all of the options available to add to your dial plan type the following command from within Asterisk show applications Digium also offers services to help configure and add features you might need Contact Digium Technical Support 1 256 428 6161 for more information Release 1 2 Digium Inc Page 52 Chapter 4 Troubleshooting Where can I find answers to additional questions There are several places to inquire for more information about Asterisk Digium products 1 Digium Technical Support 1 256 428 6161 or Toll Free in the U S 1 877 546 8963 is available 7am 7pm Central Time GMT 6 Monday Friday 2 Asterisk users mailing list asterisk org lists digium com 3 IRC channel asterisk on irc freenode net Subscription Services Program Digium is dedicated to supporting your Asterisk system by offering full technical support through our Subscription Services Program Through this program you can be at ease knowing that your business will always have a
23. ifiers Model Identifier TE420 TE412P TE410P TE407P TE405P 0420 0412 0410 0407 0405 A Digium TE400 Series TE420 412P 410P 407P 405P ISDN Controller should be identified If a controller is not identified then your machine is not PCI 2 2 or higher or PCI Express compatible and the card is not working with your equipment I can t receive DID calls even though I have it enabled in extensions conf Your telco might be sending calls with a method you are not expecting 1 Check the method being used by attempting the following in your line context _x 1 noop My DID Matches as EXTEN 2 Then type reload in the Asterisk console and call in You should see the DID come in on your T1 E1 line Page 49 Digium Inc Release 1 2 Chapter 4 Troubleshooting My D Channel seems to go up and down Check to be sure you have set your timing parameters correctly Also check the common causes of problems for a T1 See the Common Fixes for all cards page 52 I have trouble dialing out It seems that one type of dialing works local long distance international but another does not Check your pridialplan variable and be sure that you are dialing using the method your telco is expecting I am having trouble receiving DID information over E amp M Try the other types of E amp M featd featb etc to match the method your telco is using to stream information I am having issues with my
24. ing are the two most common methods FDM separates signals by dividing the data onto different carrier frequencies and TDM separates signals by interleaving bits one after the other MUX multiplexer A device which transmits multiple signals over a single communications line or channel See multiplexing Release 1 2 Digium Inc Page 62 Appendix C Glossary and Acronyms PBX private branch exchange A smaller version of a phone company s large central switching office Example Asterisk PCI peripheral component interconnect A standard bus used in most computers to connect peripheral devices POP point of presence The physical connection point between a network and a telephone network A POP is usually a network node serving as the equivalent of a CO to a network service provider or an interexchange carrier POTS plain old telephone service Standard phone service over the public switched telephone network PSTN This service provides analog bandwidth of less than 4 KHz PPP point to point protocol Type of communications link that connects a single device to another single device such as a remote terminal to a host computer PSTN public switched telephone network A communications network which uses telephones to establish connections between two points Also referred to as the dial network Qos quality of service A measure of telephone service as specified by the Public Service Commission Release 1 2 Digium Inc Page
25. ir respective owners Release 1 2 Digium Inc Page 2 Safety Certification and Agency Approvals Safety UL 60950 1 2003 First Edition CSA C22 2 No 60950 1 03 Ist Ed April 1 2003 IEC 60950 1 2001 First Edition EN 60950 AS NZS 60950 Note Finland Norway and Sweden require that equipment using this product must be located in a Restricted Access Location RAL Telecom FCC Part 68 ANSIATA 968 A Including Amendment A1 and A2 Industry Canada CS 03 AS ACIF S016 2001 AS ACIF S038 2001 ICASA TE405P TE407P TE410P TE412P RosTest TBR4 November 1995 as amended by TBR4 A1 December 1997 TBR12 December 1993 TBR13 January 1996 Emissions Note Shielded T1 E1 J1 cables are required for compliance purposes 47 CFR Part 15 Subpart B 47 CFR Part 15 Subpart B Class B EN 55022 1998 Class B EN 55022 1998 Class B Radiated and Conducted EN 55024 1998 IEC 61000 Release 1 2 Digium Inc Page 3 Immunity EN55024 ITE EN61000 Federal Communications Commission Part 68 This equipment complies with Part 68 of the FCC rules and the requirements adopted by the ACTA On the back of the TE 400 Series printed circuit board is a label that contains among other information a product identifier in the format US AAAEQ TXXXxX If requested this number must be provided to the telephone company A plug and jack used to connect this equipment to the premises wiring and telephone network must comply with the applicable FCC
26. lease 1 2 Digium Inc Page 32 Chapter 2 Card Installation 2 Download the latest branch of libpri that matches the branch of Zaptel and Asterisk which you are using If you are using the 1 2 x branch then download the 1 2 x branch of libpri Likewise if you are using the 1 4 x branch then obtain that version of libpri Libpri is available from http downloads digium com pub telephony libpri 3 Expand the downloaded tarballs Substitute the version of libpri you are using with the X X in the command lines below tar zxvf libpri 1 X X tar gz cd libpri 1 X X make make install 4 Download the latest Zaptel drivers 1 2 20 or later If you are using the 1 4 branch of Zaptel you should use 1 4 5 or later They are accessible via http from http downloads digium com pub telephony zaptel 5 Expand the downloaded tarball and install the drivers Substitute the version of Zaptel you are using with the XX in the command lines below tar zxvf zaptel 1 X X tar gz cd zaptel 1 X X make clean configure applies to 1 4 X only make menuselect applies to 1 4 X only if you wish to customize the install make make install Note If you don t already have configuration files installed you can type make samples to install the default sample configuration files Release 1 2 Digium Inc Page 33 Chapter 2 Card Installation Installing Asterisk If you wish to use Asterisk with your new hardware
27. lecommunications Union standard for multimedia communications over packet based networks IAX Inter Asterisk eXchange A VoIP protocol used by Asterisk It is used to enable VoIP connections between Asterisk servers and between servers and clients that also use the IAX protocol iLBC internet Low Bitrate Codec A free speech codec used for voice over IP It is designed for narrow band speech with a payload bitrate of 13 33 kbps frame length 30ms and 15 2 kbps frame length 20 ms ILEC incumbent local exchange carrier The LECs that were the original carriers in the market prior to the entry of competition and therefore have the dominant position in the market interface A point of contact between two systems networks or devices Release 1 2 Digium Inc Page 61 Appendix C Glossary and Acronyms ISO International Standards Organization LED light emitting diode Linux A robust feature packed open source operating system based on Unix that remains freely available on the internet It boasts dependability and offers a wide range of compatibility with hardware and software Asterisk is supported exclusively on Linux loopback A state in which the transmit signal is reversed back as the receive signal typically by a far end network element MGCP Media Gateway Control Protocol multiplexing Transmitting multiple signals over a single line or channel FDM frequency division multiplexing and TDM time division multiplex
28. lexible enough to handle all of their voice and data networking Combined with Digium hardware and a common PC anyone can replace an existing switch or complement a PBX by adding VoIP voicemail conferencing and many other capabilities Asterisk will integrate with most standards based IP telephone handsets and software Analog phones and ADSI screen phones are also supported Release 1 2 Digium Inc Page 20 Chapter 2 Card Installation This chapter provides the following information Unpacking the Card on page 22 Identifying Communication Ports on page 23 T1 E1 Selection on page 25 Identifying Multiple Cards on page 25 Connecting Timing Cables on page 26 PCI Slot Compatibility on page 28 Hardware Installation on page 30 Software Installation on page 31 Note The TE400 Series card installation instructions are written so that they will apply to any card in the series Examples and card specific information are included as needed Release 1 2 Digium Inc Page 21 Chapter 2 Card Installation Unpacking the Card When you unpack your card carefully inspect it for any damage that may have occurred in shipment If damage is suspected file a claim with the carrier and contact your reseller from which the card was purchased or Digium Technical Support 1 256 428 6161 Keep the original shipping container to use for future shipment or proof of damage during shipment Note Only qualified service personnel should install the
29. lf with the flexibility of editing the configuration files to meet your specific needs The list of possible configurations is too expansive to cover in this user manual Release 1 2 Digium Inc Page 35 Chapter 3 Configuration Configuring Card Features Configure Zapata conf which is the layer between zaptel and Asterisk to configure the essential card features Switchtype national National ISDN 2 default dms100 Nortel DMS100 4ess AT amp T 4ESS 5ess Lucent 5ESS euroisdn EuroISDN nil Old National ISDN 1 Echocancel Echo Cancellation is enabled in zapata conf by preceding the channel variable with a variable called echocancel and its length in taps of milliseconds multiplied by 8 for example echocancel yes channel gt 1 23 By default and when setting to yes echo cancellation is enabled and set to 16 ms 128 taps Echo cancellation is explicitly disabled by setting echocancel no Digium does not recommend that users set echo cancellation to no Users of open source Asterisk based echo cancelers also have the following options echocancel 128 this sets 128 taps or 16ms or echocancel 256 this sets 256 taps or 32ms Release 1 2 Digium Inc Page 36 Chapter 3 Configuration Users of Digium s HPEC software have the following additional options echocancel 512 this sets 512 taps or 64ms or echocancel 1024 this sets 1024 taps or 128ms Please note that HPEC consumes extremely hi
30. m III or better 64MB RAM Appendix B Specifications Available PCI TE405 41 or PCI E TE420 Slot Table B 2 Maximum Power Consumption Model Power TE420B 3 3V 5 Watts TE420 3 3V 2 5 Watts TE412 3 3V 3 0 Watts SV 0 5 Watts TE410 3 3V 2 0 Watts SV 0 Watts TE407 3 3V 3 0 Watts SV 0 5 Watts TE405 3 3V 2 0 Watts SV 0 Watts Release 1 2 Digium Inc Page 56 Appendix C Glossary and Acronyms ANSI American National Standards Institute An organization which proposes and establishes standards for international communications asynchronous Not synchronized not timed to an outside clock source Transmission is controlled by start bits at the beginning and stop bits at the end of each character Asynchronous communications are often found in internet access and remote office applications attenuation The dissipation of a transmitted signal s power as it travels over a wire bandwidth The capacity to carry traffic Higher bandwidth indicates the ability to transfer more data in a given time period bit The smallest element of information in a digital system A bit can be either a zero or a one bps bits per second A measurement of transmission speed across a data connection Release 1 2 Digium Inc Page 57 Appendix C Glossary and Acronyms broadband Broadband transmission shares the bandwidth of a particular medium copper or fiber optic to integrate multiple
31. n Capture Note Output as shown above may vary depending on the TE400 Series card you use Release 1 2 Digium Inc Page 46 Chapter 3 Configuration 2 Run zttool from the command line and see if the span turns green for each span you have connected zttool 3 Execute the following Asterisk command to see if the span came up successfully asterisk asterisk vvvr Release 1 2 Digium Inc Page 47 Chapter 4 Troubleshooting This chapter provides frequently asked questions as identified from Digium Technical Support and possible resolutions Multiple resources are available to obtain more information about Asterisk and Digium products These resources are listed on page 53 What do the LED colors indicate m Green Card is in sync with the far end m Yellow Card is synchronizing m Red Card is not seeing far end circuit is not up or cable is bad How do I identify which card I have using software Check your Ispci PCI device listing Boot the computer into Linux After the machine has loaded log in and execute the following lspci n Confirm your Ispci PCI device listing by scanning for the following information in the output screen 0000 01 0e 0 ISDN controller Unknown device di61 card identifier In the device listing shown above card identifier will be populated with one of the identifiers listed in the table below Release 1 2 Digium Inc Page 48 Chapter 4 Troubleshooting Table 2 Card Ident
32. not capable of dealing with higher levels of or more advanced echoes Digium recommends that those users concerned about echo cancellation purchase the VPMOCT128 hardware echo cancellation module The VPMOCT128 may be combined with either the TE405P as TE407P TE410P as TE412P or TE420 as TE420B cards The VPMOCT 128 is designed to handle up to 128ms of echo cancellation across all channels and provides a G 168 compliant echo cancellation solution If equipped and not explicitly disabled in zapata conf the VPMOCT128 will automatically operate and cancel all network echo within its tail range 1024 taps Users may also purchase Digium s commercial HPEC software http www digium com en products software hpec php Release 1 2 Digium Inc Page 19 Chapter 1 Overview What is Asterisk Asterisk is the first open source telephony platform Since it runs on Linux it inherits all of the power and stability of that operating system The name Asterisk is derived from the all inclusive wildcard symbol in UNIX It is representative of the wide range of opportunities it opens for developers worldwide to create solutions which would otherwise be cost prohibitive Asterisk allows you to create a PBX solution that rivals the features and functionality of traditional telephony switches Current PBX solutions are expensive and proprietary International companies are discovering that Asterisk is cost effective low maintenance and f
33. o a different number for each installed card This number adjusts the order in which the driver recognizes the card For example set the first card Ident wheel to 0 set the second card Ident wheel to 1 and so on The Ident wheel is shown in Figure 7 Release 1 2 Digium Inc Page 25 Chapter 2 Card Installation Figure 7 Ident Wheel Connecting Timing Cables The timing port allows up to four TE400 Series cards to share the same sync timing source from the T1 line provider or provide a consistent sync source across multiple cards This is a useful feature for data and fax modes and some voice applications to prevent corruption due to timing slips on the second third or fourth TE400 Series PC cards To utilize this feature daisy chain the P1 connector between each TE400 Series card using the Digium 4 position timing cable See Figure 8 on page 27 for an example Enable this feature in the drivers using the timingcable 1 switch when the drivers are loaded modprobe wct4xxp timingcable 1 Release 1 2 Digium Inc Page 26 Chapter 2 Card Installation Caution Only qualified service personnel should continue with hardware installation and configuration of the TE400 Series card Users should not attempt to perform these functions themselves Release 1 2 Digium Inc Page 27 Chapter 2 Card Installation PCI Slot Compatibility Check the type of card you received to be sure it is compatible with your PCI slot To
34. or 71 modes They are also capable of DACSing channels from one span to another The TE 400 Series are ideal for connecting phones to a channel bank connecting to your T1 E1 switch or connecting to a legacy PBX This manual is for use with the TE420 TE420B PCI Express card as well as the 5 volt TE405P 407P and the 3 3 volt TE410P 412P Quad T1 E1 PCI cards These cards are identified collectively as the TE 400 Series cards throughout this manual Designed to be fully compatible with existing software applications and integrate fully with Asterisk Open Source PBX IVR platform the TE 400 Series cards allow many advanced call features Data Modes m Cisco HDLC m HDLC m PPP m Multilink PPP m Frame Relay Release 1 2 Digium Inc Page 14 Chapter 1 Overview Voice Modes PRI and PRI NET NII N2 EuroISDN 4ESS AT amp T SESS Lucent DMS100 E amp M Wink Feature Group B Feature Group D a FXO and FXS Ground Start Loop Start Loop Start with Disconnect Detect The TE 400 Series cards can be used to connect your Asterisk machine to the PSTN world your channel bank or even another PBX This is accomplished via a T1 E1 interface The cards allow Asterisk software to connect to your network creating a professional telephony environment Figure 2 shows an example of the card s primary application Release 1 2 Digium Inc Page 15 Chapter 1 Overview Asterisk
35. or the IC in front of the certification registration number indicates that the Industry Canada technical specifications were met Release 1 2 Digium Inc Page 5 Introduction to TE 400 Series Documentation This manual is a user guide for Digium s TE 400 Series cards The Digium TE 400 Series cards are a T1 E1 capable card series created for voice and data The cards in this series are as follows Table 1 TE400 Series Cards Model Features Type TE420B 3 3 volt 4 Ports Echo Cancellation PCI Express TE420 3 3 volt 4 Ports PCI Express TE412P 3 3 volt 4 Ports Echo Cancellation PCI 2 2 TE410P 3 3 volt 4 Ports PCI 2 2 TE407P 5 0 volt 4 Ports Echo Cancellation PCI 2 2 TE405P 5 0 volt 4 Ports PCI 2 2 Release 1 2 Digium Inc Page 6 Document Organization The TE400 Series user s guide is organized in the following manner Chapter ae p Title Description Appendix 1 Overview Identifies the features of the card you received This chapter covers applications and uses of the TE 400 Series cards in the real world 2 Card Installation Provides instructions for installing the card in your PC acquiring correct drivers and checking device compatibility 3 Configuration Provides examples for configuring dial plan options 4 Troubleshooting Explains resolutions to common problems and frequently asked questions pertaining to card installation and usage Pin A
36. ssignments Lists the connectors and pin assignments B Specifications Details card specifications P Glossary and Defines terms related to this product Acronyms Release 1 2 Digium Inc Page 7 Symbol Definitions Caution statements indicate a condition where damage to the unit or its configuration could occur if operational procedures are not followed To reduce the risk of damage or injury follow all steps or procedures as instructed gt The ESD symbol indicates electrostatic sensitive devices Observe precautions for handling devices Wear a properly grounded electrostatic discharge ESD wrist strap while handling the device AA The Electrical Hazard Symbol indicates a possibility of electrical shock when operating this unit in certain situations To reduce the risk of damage or injury follow all steps or procedures as instructed Release 1 2 Digium Inc Page 8 Important Safety Instructions User Cautions Servicing Do not attempt to service this card unless specifically instructed to do so Do not attempt to remove the card from your equipment while power is present Refer servicing to qualified service personnel Water and Moisture Do not spill liquids on this unit Do not operate this equipment in a wet environment Heat Do not operate or store this product near heat sources such as radiators air ducts areas subject to direct intense sunlight or other products that produce heat Static Electricity
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