MTS/MDA Sensor and Data Acquisition Boards User`s Manual
Contents
1. configured in a simple voltage divider circuit with a nominal mid scale reading at 25 C The output of the temperature sensor circuit is available at ADCI Power is controlled by setting signal INT2 Voltage Resistance vs Temperature Example ADC1 Reading Temperature C Resistance Ohms of VCC wo 427 90 114200 0 35 670 o 204 The light sensor Clairex CL94L http www clairex com is a simple CdSe photocell The maximum sensitivity of the photocell is at the light wavelength of 690 nm Typical on resistance while exposed to light is 2Kohm Typical off resistance while in dark conditions is 520Kohm In order to use the light sensor digital control signal PW 1 must be turned on The output of the sensor is connected to the analog digital converter channel I ADC1 When there is light the nominal circuit output is near VCC or full scale and when it is dark the nominal output is near GND or zero Power is controlled to the light sensor by setting signal INT 1 Doc 7430 0020 01 Rev A Page 9 Crossb w MTS MDA Sensor Board User s Manual NOTE The light and temperature sensor share the same A D converter channel ADC1 Only turn one sensor on at a time or the reading at ADC1 will be corrupted and meaningless 3 4 2 Axis Accelerometer MTS310CA Only The accelerometer is a MEMS surface micro machined 2 axis 2G device It features very low current draw lt 1mA and 10 b2. connected holes However be careful If a voltage out of the range of 0 VCC should reach the Mote Processor Radio Board damage will occur Page 18 Doc 7430 0020 01 Rev A MTS MDA Sensor Board Crossbew User s Manual 5 TinyOS This section describes how to compile different sensor boards with TinyOS In the tinyos 1 x tos sensorboards directory there are sub directories for each supported sensor board Ibasiesb MTSIOICA micasb MTS300CA MICA sensor board MTS310CA micawb not yet released MICA weatherboard humidity temperature barometric pressure Application code is linked to different sensor boards by modifying the make files in the application directories 5 1 Building TinyOS Code with Sensor Board To link a sensor board to the application code edit the local Makefile in your application directory Modify the SENSORBOARD line For example in the apps MicaWB Verify TestHumidity application the Makefile is COMPONENT TestHumidity SENSORBOARD micawb include Makerules Doc it 7430 0020 01 Rev A Page 19 Crossb w MTS MDA Sensor Board User s Manual 6 Appendix D Warranty and Support Information 6 1 Customer Service As a Crossbow Technology customer you have access to product support services which include e Single point return service e Web based support service e Same day troubleshooting assistance e Worldwide Crossbow representation e Onsite and factory training ava
3. sensors and devices to the Mote The prototyping area layout is shown in the diagram and tables below Doc 7430 0020 01 Rev A Page 5 Crossbew MTS MDA Sensor Board User s Manual Thermistor RT1 Light Sensor R2 Connection Table Top View of PCBA A1 A12 No Connect Bare Hole C1 C12 No Connect Bare Hole Bi pwaui33 B9 120 BUS DATA UI 22 FLASH SO U1 19 Di GND ANALOG U D D9 enpturso P vpp ANALOG ula Die vecus 1 CE le En ADCO U1 43 ADCA U1 39 GND ANALOG U1 1 Page 6 Doc it 7430 0020 01 Rev A MTS MDA Sensor Board Crossbew User s Manual NOTE If you have downloaded the pdf schematic of the Rene basic sensor board from UC Berkeley you will note that the A D channels appear in reverse order This is due to a difference in wiring between the original Rene Mote and the MICA MICA2 family of motes 6 WARNING Never connect signals that are greater than VCC 3V typical or less than OV to any of the holes that connect to the Mote Processor Radio board Itis okay to connect different voltages to the non connected holes However be careful If a voltage out of the range of 0 VCC should reach the Mote Processor Radio Board damage will occur Doc 7430 0020 01 Rev A Page 7 Crossb w MTS MDA Sensor Board User s Manual 3 MTS300CA MTS310CA The MTS300CA and MTS310CA are flexible sensor boards with a variety of sensing modalities These modalities can be ex
4. Crossb w Page 15 Crossbew MTS MDA Sensor Board User s Manual Biquad Active Filter C11 mic_out Tone Decoder Tone Signal itle MTS310 SENSOR BOARD Size Document Number B 8000 0212 Date Wednesday March 26 2003 Page 16 Doc 7430 0020 01 Rev A MTS MDA Sensor Board Crossbew User s Manual Mic Output Selector MAX4624 B_VDD_ANALOG R50 RO 51ohm 402 open 805 Analog Comparator ne AC Threshold 10uF 1206 Setup nd analog R1 open 805 SB VDD ANALOG gnd analog itle MTS310CA SENSOR BOARD Size Document Number B 8000 0212 E VVednesday March 26 2003 Sheet Doc 7430 0020 01 Rev A Page 17 Crossb w MTS MDA Sensor Board User s Manual 4 MDA500CA The MDASOOCA series sensor data acquisition provides a flexible user interface for connecting external signals to the MICA2DOT mote All of the major I O signals of the MICA2DOT mote are routed to plated thru holes on the MDASOOCA circuit board 4 1 Schematic TP2 TP3 TP4 TPS TP6 TP TP8 TPO me ADC4 ADC3 TP10 TP11 TP12 TP14 TP15 TP16 TP17 TP18 THERM PWR RSTN INTI ROSSBOW TECHNOLOGY INC itle MICA2DOT PROTO BOARD Bize Document Number 6310 0309 01 Date Wednesday March 26 2003 Bheet 4 of 1 6 WARNING Never connect signals that are greater than VCC 3V typical or less than OV to any of the holes that connect to the Mote Processor Radio board Itis okay to connect different voltages to the non
5. DC5 Reading Eo ap 7 C Resistance ee of fer TE 239800 800 4 78 910 no 29 940 60 2760 78 Resistance vs Temperature Graph Resistance RT1 Ohms 60 40 20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Temperature Deg C 2 2 Conversion to Engineering Units The mote s adc output can be converted to degrees Kelvin using the following approximation over 0 50 degrees C 1 T K a b Ln Rthr c Ln Rthr 43 where Rthr R1 ADC_FS ADC ADC a 0 001010024 b 0 000242127 c 0 000000146 RI 10K ADC FS 1024 Page 4 Doc 7430 0020 01 Rev A MTS MDA Sensor Board Crossbew User s Manual ADC output value from mote s ADC measurement 2 3 Light Sensor The light sensor Clairex CL94L http www clairex com is a simple CdSe photocell The maximum sensitivity of the photocell is at the light wavelength of 690 nm Typical on resistance while exposed to light is 2Kohm Typical off resistance while in dark conditions is 520Kohm In order to use the light sensor digital control signal PW1 must be turned on The output of the sensor is connected to the analog digital converter channel 6 ADC6 Ul Pin 37 See Circuit Below Light Sensor Specifications Type Clairex CL94L Ron 2 Kohm Roff 520 Kohm R2 Photoresistor ADC6 RI 10K 5 gnd analog 2 4 Prototyping Area The prototyping area is a series of solder holes and connection points for connecting other
6. MTS MDA Sensor ang Data Acquisition Boards User s Manual MTS101CA MTS300CA MTS310CA Rev A April 2003 Document 7430 0020 01 Crossb w Crossbow Technology Inc 41 Daggett Dr San Jose CA 95134 Tel 408 965 3300 Fax 408 324 4840 email info xbow com website www xbow com 2002 2003 Crossbow Technology Inc All rights reserved Information in this document is subject to change without notice Crossbow and SoftSensor are registered trademarks and DMU is a trademark of Crossbow Technology Inc Other product and trade names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders MTS MDA Sensor Board Crossbew User s Manual 1 Introduction 000000000000000000 00000000000000 r n n 2 2 MISIDIGA ci cin krisi oni sine spi n 3 2 1 Th MISTOr E AA A i E eats dashes erences eee nae ace 3 2 2 Conversion to Engineering Units iessernrorevenvvoverervrvavavenvrvrvevesrsvsvesnse 4 2 3 Light Sensor id 2 4 Prototyping ALE 2 een entrent 5 3 MTS300CA MTS310CA 6600en00000000000 000000000 n0 nenen nane 8 3 1 Mietophon coisos iso v nies en EE oE E E a 8 3 2 Yana La AK A AA AA AR TA a Rien nee nest n Reise 9 3 3 Light and Temperature sornernenrevovenenvsvrvenensersverservssavenenrsvsvavessseeveseseren 9 3 4 2 Axis Accelerometer MTS310CA Only 10 3 5 2 Axis Magnetometer MTS310CA Only 3 6 Turning Sensors On and Off ss 3 7 Schematic of the MTS300CA and MTS310CA oe 12 4 MDA
7. Pin35 Pin10 Pin36 Pin11 Pin37 Pin12 Pin38 Pin13 Pin39 Pin14 Pin40 Pin15 Pin41 Pin16 Pin42 Pin17 Pin43 Pin18 Pin44 Pin19 Pin45 Pin20 Pin46 Pin21 Pin47 Pin22 Pin48 Pin23 Pin49 Pin 24 Pin 50 Pin25 Pin 51 Pin 26 Connector Bottom gnd analog 26 ANA Pin 26 UART RXDO Pin25 Pin 51 yr Pin24 Pin50 Pin23 Pin49 Pin22 Pin48 Pin21 Pin47 Pin20 Pin46 Pin19 Pin45 Pin18 Pin44 Pin 17 Pin 43 Pin16 Pin42 Pin15 Pin41 Pin14 Pin40 Pin13 Pin39 Pin12 Pin38 Pinti Pin37 Pin10 Pin36 Ping Pin35 Ping Pin34 Pin7 Pin33 Pin6 Pin32 Pins Pin31 Pin4 Pin30 Pin3 Pin29 Ping o Pin 28 Cu Reser PT Cioc Te MTS310CA SENSOR BOARD E Document Number V 8000 0212 pate Monday March 03 2003 Feet 1 o 7 Page 12 Doc 7430 0020 01 Rev A MTS MDA Sensor Board Crossb w User s Manual Power Switches Temperature 2 Axis Acceleromemter 4kHz Sounder MTS310CA SENSOR BOARD Document Number 80000212 Monday March 03 2003 Doc 7430 0020 01 Rev A Page 13 Crossbew MTS MDA Sensor Board User s Manual Magnetometer Magnetometer Virtual Ground Page 14 Doc 7430 0020 01 Rev A MTS MDA Sensor Board User s Manual Microphone and Amplifier R10 mic preamp out Mic Power C24 ik VREF ic Power MAX4466 01 A1 wi Bi VDD SHDN DGND SCL ADI SDA ADO MTS310 SENSOR BOARD itle S Document Number 8000 0212 Wednesday March 26 Doc it 7430 0020 01 Rev A
8. S00CA sivcsinissncssussvesssnsseossevessssedasssoesovacwncsanssvestsensnsens 18 4 1 SCHEMA arere en bren NG NAN don ev Gel emnene anise 18 5 Tiny OS sasana ss d senengi sane sod d de sdi es v d d so s s d so ed sod s s s 19 5 1 Building TinyOS Code with Sensor Board 19 6 Appendix D Warranty and Support Information 20 6 1 Customer Service us pets elek sh ueb oren deres dote ken n se 20 6 2 Contact Directory dis cis sds ts nan SANGANG seb h d 20 6 3 Ke ter henri 20 6 3 1 Authorizations irks aim te 20 6 3 2 Identification and Protection 21 6 3 3 Sealing the Container sunneste s r r s 21 6 3 4 VE 21 6 3 5 Return Shipping Address 21 64 Warranty ouennn ara AE REEE aS 21 Doc 7430 0020 01 Rev A Page 1 Crossb w MTS MDA Sensor Board User s Manual 1 Introduction The MTS Series of Sensor Boards are designed to interface with Crossbow s MICA MICA2 and MICA2DOT family of wireless motes There are a variety of sensor boards available and the sensor boards are specific to the MICA MICA2 board or the MICA2DOT form factor The sensor boards allow for a range of different sensing modalities as well as interface to external sensor via prototyping areas or screw terminals The following table lists the currently available sensor boards for each mote family Part Number Mote Support MTS101CA MICA MICA2 Light Temperature Prototype Area MTS300CA MICA MICA2 Light Temp
9. ape or metal bands strong enough to handle the weight of the equipment and the container 6 3 4 Marking Please write the words FRAGILE DELICATE INSTRUMENT in several places on the outside of the shipping container s In all correspondence please refer to the equipment by the model number the serial number and the RMA number 6 3 5 Return Shipping Address Use the following address for all returned products Crossbow Technology Inc 41 Daggett Drive San Jose CA 95134 Attn RMA Number XXXXXX 6 4 Warranty The Crossbow product warranty is one year from date of shipment Doc 7430 0020 01 Rev A Page 21 Crossb w Crossbow Technology Inc 41 Daggett Drive San Jose CA 95134 Phone 408 965 3300 Fax 408 324 4840 Email info xbow com Website www xbow com
10. erature Acoustic and Sounder MTS310CA MICA MICA2 Light Temperature Acoustic Sounder 2 Axis Accelerometer ADXL202 and 2 Axis Page 2 Doc 7430 0020 01 Rev A MTS MDA Sensor Board Crossbew User s Manual 2 MTS101CA The MTS101CA series sensor boards have a precision thermistor a light sensor photocell and general prototyping area The prototyping area supports connection to five channels of the Mote s A D Converter ADC3 7 and the I2C digital communications bus The prototyping area also has 24 unconnected holes that are used for breadboard of circuitry 2 1 Thermistor The Thermistor YSI 44006 http www ysi com sensor is a highly accurate and highly stable sensor element With proper calibration an accuracy of 0 2 C can be achieved The Thermistor resistance varies with temperature see Table and Graph This curve although non linear is very repeatable The sensor is connected to the analog digital converter channel number 5 ADC5 Ul pin 38 thru a basic resistor divider circuit In order to use the thermistor the sensor must be enabled by setting digital control line PW2 high See circuit below RTI Thermistor gnd analog Thermistor Specifications Type YSI 44006 Time Constant 10 seconds Still Air Base Resistance 10Kohm 25 C Repeatability 0 2 C Doc 7430 0020 01 Rev A Page 3 Crossb w MTS MDA Sensor Board User s Manual Voltage Resistance vs Temperature Example A
11. ilable e Preventative maintenance and repair programs e Installation assistance available 6 2 Contact Directory United States Phone 1 408 965 3300 7 AM to 7 PM PST Fax 1 408 324 4840 24 hours Email techsupport xbow com Non U S refer to website www xbow com 6 3 Return Procedure 6 3 1 Authorization Before returning any equipment please contact Crossbow to obtain a Returned Material Authorization number RMA Be ready to provide the following information when requesting a RMA e Name e Address e Telephone Fax Email e Equipment Model Number e Equipment Serial Number e Installation Date e Failure Date e Fault Description Page 20 Doc 7430 0020 01 Rev A MTS MDA Sensor Board Crossbew User s Manual 6 3 2 Identification and Protection If the equipment is to be shipped to Crossbow for service or repair please attach a tag TO THE EQUIPMENT as well as the shipping container s identifying the owner Also indicate the service or repair required the problems encountered and other information considered valuable to the service facility such as the list of information provided to request the RMA number Place the equipment in the original shipping container s making sure there is adequate packing around all sides of the equipment If the original shipping containers were discarded use heavy boxes with adequate padding and protection 63 3 Sealing the Container Seal the shipping container s with heavy t
12. it resolution The sensor can be used for tilt detection movement vibration and or seismic measurement The accelerometer located at US is the ADXL202JE and the full datasheet is available at www analog com A summary specification is provided for reference Channels X ADC3 Y ADC4 G Range 2G 1G 9 8m s Bandwidth DC 50Hz controlled by C20 C21 Resolution 2mG 0 002G RMS Sensitivity 167 mV G 17 Offset 2 5 V 0 4V NOTE The ADXL202 sensitivity and offset have a wide initial tolerance A simple calibration using earth s gravitational field can greatly enhance the accuracy of the ADXL202 sensor By rotating the sensor into a 1G and a 1G position the offset and sensitivity can be calculated to within 1 3 5 2 Axis Magnetometer MTS310CA Only The magnetometer circuit is a silicon sensor that has a unique bridge resistor coated in a highly sensitive NiFe coating This NiFe coating causes the bridge resistance of the circuit to change The bridge is highly sensitive and can measure the Earth s field and other small magnetic fields A useful applications is vehicle detection Successful test have detected disturbances from automobiles at a radius of 15 feet The sensor is the Honeywell HMC1002 sensor A detailed specification sheet is found at www ssec honeywell com The output of each axis X Y is amplified by an instrumentation amplifier U6 U7 The amplified output is available at ADCS and ADC6 Each i
13. nstrumentation amplifier U6 U7 can be tuned using the digital potentiometer PT 1 that is controlled via the I2C bus Page 10 Doc 7430 0020 01 Rev A MTS MDA Sensor Board Crossbew User s Manual NOTE The NiFe core of the magnetic sensor is extremely sensitive However it is also subject to saturation Saturation occurs when the sensor is exposed to a large magnetic field Unfortunately the MTS310 circuit does not have an automatic saturation recovery circuit set reset This limitation prevents the magnetometer from being useful in applications requiring DC response for example compassing There are four pads label S R Set Reset available on the PCB for adding an external set reset circuit 3 6 Turning Sensors On and Off All of the sensors have a power control circuit The default condition for the sensor is off This design helps minimize power draw by the sensor board In order to turn sensors on control signals are issued to the power switches The following table lists the control settings Sensor Actuator Control Signal Note only one of the INTI and INT2 signals should be activated at a time See Section 3 3 Doc 7430 0020 01 Rev A Page 11 Crossb w MTS MDA Sensor Board User s Manual 3 7 Schematic of the MTS300CA and MTS310CA Connector Top a e ag parent Pin Pin27 Pin Pin 28 N q Pins Pin29 Pw Pin4 Pingo Pins Pin3t n6 Ping in7 Pin33 Pin8 Pin 34 Ping
14. one detector is acoustic ranging In this application a mote pulses the sounder and sends an RF packet via radio at the same time A second mote listens for the RF packet and notes the time of arrival by resetting a timer counter on its processor It then increments a counter until the tone detector detects the sounder The counter value is the Time of Flight of the sound wave between the two motes The Time of Flight value can be converted into an approximate distance between motes Using groups of Motes with Sounders and Microphones a crude localization and positioning system can be built NOTE Motes are designed for power efficiency Hence all the sensors are disconnected from power on the MTS300 and MTS310 sensor boards unless specifically turned on See section 3 6 for more information Page 8 Doc it 7430 0020 01 Rev A MTS MDA Sensor Board Crossbew User s Manual 3 2 Sounder The sounder is a simple 4KHz fixed frequency piezoelectric resonator The drive and frequency control circuitry is built into the sounder The only signal required to turn the sounder on and off is Sounder_Power Sounder_Power is controlled thru the power control switch P1 and is set by the hardware line PW2 3 3 Light and Temperature As on the MTS101CA the MTS300CA and MTS310CA have a light sensor and a thermistor The thermistor Panasonic ERT JI VR103J on the MTS300CA and MTS310CA is a surface mount component installed at location RT2 Itis
15. ploited in developing sensor networks for a variety of applications including vehicle detection low performance seismic sensing movement acoustic ranging robotics and other applications The following section of the user s manual describes the sensor circuits and general application Please refer to the schematic diagram at end of section for exact circuit details 3 1 Microphone The microphone circuit has two principal uses The first use is for acoustic ranging The second use is for general acoustic recording and measurement The basic circuit consists of a pre amplifier U1A 1 second stage amplified with a digital pot control ULA PT2 This circuit amplifies the low level microphone output This output can be fed directly into the analog digital converter ADC2 by using the Microphone Output selector circuit MX1 to connect mic_out signal toe ADC2 signal This configuration is useful for general acoustic recording and measurement Audio files have been recorded into the Logger Flash memory of MICA MICA2 Motes for later download and entertainment or analysis The second stage output mic_out is routed thru an active filter U2 and then into a tone detector TD1 The LM567 CMOS Tone Detector IC actually turns the analog microphone signal into a digital high or low level output at INT3 when a 4KHz tone is present This tone can be generated by the Sounder circuit on the sensor board A novel application of the sounder and t
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