Disk Mount and Virtual Disk Manager User`s Guide
Contents
1. If no output appears proceed to one of the sections below To install Fuse with APT On Linux systems that use APT installer obtain the Fuse package as follows sudo apt get install fuse utils Now you can run the vmware mount command as described in this manual To install Fuse from the Web 1 Download Fuse software from the http fuse sourceforge net Web site 2 Unpack the software and change to the unpacked directory tar zxf lt FusePackage gt tar gz cd lt FusePackage gt 3 Configure the makefile for your system and run make to compile it configure make 4 As superuser install the package this puts it in usr local 1ib sudo make install 5 If usr local 1ib is not listed in etc 1d so conf or an included file insert a line for it and run the ldconfig command Alternatively modify your LD_LIBRARY_PATH environment sudo edit etc 1ld so conf sudo ldconfig 6 To mount a remote virtual disk with the v and h options if usr 1lib vmware vix disklib 1ib64 or usr 1lib vmware vix disk1lib 1ib32 depending on remote virtual machine architecture is not listed in etc 1d so conf or an included file insert a line for it and run the Ldconfig command as in the previous step VMware Inc 15 Disk Mount and Virtual Disk Manager User s Guide 16 7 Run the modprobe command to insert Fuse module into the kernel sudo modprobe fuse Now you can run the vmware mount command as described in this manual SSL a2. You can defragment only growable virtual disks not preallocated or remote virtual disks k Shrinks the virtual disk specified by lt diskname gt Before you can shrink a virtual disk you must prepare all its volumes for shrinking using the p option You can shrink only growable virtual disks not preallocated or remote virtual disks n lt sourcedisk gt lt targetdisk gt Renames the virtual disk named by lt sourcedisk gt to the virtual disk named by lt targetdisk gt By specifying directory paths you can place the renamed virtual disk in a different directory either with its original name or with a new name Prepares the virtual disk mounted at lt drive gt Windows or at lt mountpoint gt Linux for shrinking If the virtual disk is partitioned into different volumes or file systems you must separately mount and prepare each one for shrinking r lt sourcedisk gt lt targetdisk gt Converts clones the virtual disk named by lt sourcedisk gt creating anew virtual disk named by lt targetdisk gt For local lt targetdisk gt the t option is required to specify type For remote lt targetdisk gt on an ESX ESXi host use the h u and f options For the virtual machine to recognize the converted virtual disk edit the virtual machine settings to remove the existing virtual disk from the virtual machine then add the converted disk to the virtual machine x lt n gt GB MB KB Expands
3. grows the virtual disk specified by lt diskname gt to the given capacity lt n gt which you can specify in gigabytes GB megabytes MB or kilobytes KB The new capacity must be greater than the original capacity You can expand local virtual disks only You cannot change the size of a physical hard drive R Check a sparse virtual disk for consistency and attempt to repair any errors found With preallocated disk this option has no effect e Check disk chain relationships and report parent child inconsistencies if any D Allow disk deletion Use this option only on disks copied from another product q Disables logging by this command Messages from Virtual Disk Manager are otherwise recorded in the file vdiskmanager Log stored in a temporary directory a ide buslogic lsilogic Specifies the disk adapter type This option is required when you create a virtual disk Choose one of the following adapter types m ide an IDE adapter for compatibility with old software m buslogic a BusLogic SCSI adapter for high performance m 1silogic LSI Logic SCSI adapter for high performance on new systems s lt n gt GB MB KB Specifies the size of the virtual disk This option is required when you create a virtual disk You can specify disk size lt n gt in gigabytes GB megabytes MB or kilobytes KB Size must be 1 MB 2000 sectors or greater Do not use the s option when you expand a virtua
4. Windows Host 10 Log Files 11 Examples Using VMware Disk Mount on a Windows Host 11 About the Inventory Path 11 Formulating the ESX Inventory Path 12 Formulating the VMware vCenter Inventory Path 12 Running VMware Disk Mount on a Linux Host 13 Log File 14 Examples Using VMware Disk Mount ona Linux Host 14 About the Inventory Path 15 Formulating the Inventory Path 15 Installing the Fuse Package 15 SSL and Crypto Libraries 16 3 Using VMware Virtual Disk Manager 17 About Virtual Disk Manager 17 Uses of Virtual Disk Manager 18 VMware Disk Mount 18 Running Virtual Disk Manager 18 Examples Using Virtual Disk Manager 20 Creating a Virtual Disk 20 Converting a Virtual Disk 20 Increasing the Size of an Existing Virtual Disk 21 Renaming or Relocating a Virtual Disk 21 Defragmenting a Virtual Disk 21 Shrinking a Virtual Disk 22 Checking a Disk for Errors 23 Linux Libraries 23 VMware Inc Disk Mount and Virtual Disk Manager User s Guide 4 VMware Inc About This Book This VMware manual the Disk Mount and Virtual Disk Manager User s Guide introduces m the vmware mount command line utility for accessing disk storage in virtual machines and m the vmware vdiskmanager command line utility for managing virtual disks Revision History This book is revised with each release of the product or when necessary A revised version can contain minor or major changes Table 1 summarizes the significant changes in each version of this gui
5. option specify InventoryPath as i lt Path to datacenter gt vm lt VMpathname as read from inventory tree in VC client UI gt The path to your datacenter is as read from the tree display in the VMware vCenter UI VMware Inc 11 Disk Mount and Virtual Disk Manager User s Guide 12 Formulating the ESX Inventory Path Connect to an ESX ESXi host select a virtual machine in this case covTest and right click Edit Settings or click Summary gt Edit Settings A properties dialog box appears for the virtual machine as shown in Figure 1 Figure 1 VMware vSphere Client on an ESX ESXi host o Gp covTest ED FC6 ESx E NT M E smoke managed source By vac covTest Virtual Machine Properties x Hardware options Resources ESX 3 x virtual machine Hardware Summary p Disk File Memory 1024 MB covTest covTest vmdk CPUs 1 8 Floppy Drive 1 Idev fdo Capacity amp CD DYD Drive 1 fdevicdrom Dik Size GB 1 86 SCSI Controller 0 BusLogic Hard Disk 1 Virtual Disk Virtual Device Node USB Controller Unsupported SCSI 0 0 Hard Disk 1 bd On any ESX ESXi host ha datacenter is the datacenter name You see this in the Managed Object Browser at https lt esx hostname gt mob moid ha datacenter To formulate the inventory path append vm followed by the virtual machine name as it appears where you selected it in the VMware vSphere
6. Client To obtain the path to virtual disk select disk in the hardware summary and read the Disk File text box This command mounts the virtual disk file covTest vmdk on Windows drive letter Q vmware mount Q v 1 i ha datacenter vm covTest storage1 covTest covTest vmdk h esx35 example com u root s secretpw Formulating the VMware vCenter Inventory Path Connect to a VMware vCenter server set display mode to Virtual Machines amp Templates select a virtual machine in this case covTest and right click Edit Settings or click Summary gt Edit Settings A properties dialog box appears for the virtual machine as shown in Figure 2 Figure 2 VMware vSphere Client on a VMware vCenter Server E virtual Machines amp Templates fE New Folder fy suda_esx f Discovered Virtual Machine c foret W New FolderNew r covTest Virtual Machine Properties Hardware options Resources Virtual Machine Version 4 Hardware Summary Disk File Memory 1024 MB storaget covTest covT est vmdk Pus 1 8 Floppy Drive 1 Idev fdo Capacity B CD DVD Drive 1 dev cdrom Disk Size GB 1 86 5CSI Controller 0 BusLogic Maximum Size GB 20 62 amp Hard Disk 1 Virtual Disk Newson 18624516 lc 2 USB Controller Unsupported i 1 8624516 INGE ha On VMware vCenter the datacenter name starts under Virtual Machines amp Templates a
7. Disk Mount User s Manual are available on the VMware Web site Change directory to the location of the virtual machine for example WindowsXP and run vmware mount cd C Documents and Settings user My Documents My Virtual Machines WindowsXP vmware mount M WindowsXP vmdk On Linux hosts type vmware mount path to vmware guest WindowsXP vmdk mnt win98 2 Use Virtual Disk Manager to prepare the volume for shrinking On Windows type this command where M is the drive letter with the mounted volume vmware vdiskmanager p M On Linux hosts specify the mount point instead of the drive vmware vdiskmanager p mnt win98 The prepare operation zeroes out unused sectors so that shrink recognizes these sectors as unused space 3 Unmount the volume using the VMware Disk Mount utility vmware mount d M On Linux hosts type vmware mount d mnt win98 4 Repeat the mounting preparing and unmounting steps for each volume of the virtual disk VMware Inc Chapter 3 Using VMware Virtual Disk Manager 5 Now use Virtual Disk Manager to shrink the virtual disk vmware vdiskmanager k WindowsXP vmdk Checking a Disk for Errors To check a sparse type 0 or type 1 virtual disk for consistency attempting to repair errors if any are found vmware vdiskmanager R LinuxVM linuxW M vmdk Linux Libraries If you try to remote clone r from Linux you might see this error message VixDiskLib Failed to load libvixDiskLibVim so
8. Disk Mount and Virtual Disk Manager User s Guide Virtual Disk Development Kit 5 0 This document supports the version of each product listed and supports all subsequent versions until the document is replaced by a new edition To check for more recent editions of this document see http www vmware com support pubs EN 000538 00 vmware Disk Mount and Virtual Disk Manager User s Guide You can find the most up to date technical documentation on the VMware Web site at http www vmware com support The VMware Web site also provides the latest product updates If you have comments about this documentation submit your feedback to docfeedback vmware com Copyright 2005 2011 VMware Inc All rights reserved This product is protected by U S and international copyright and intellectual property laws VMware products are covered by one or more patents listed at http www vmware com go patents VMware is a registered trademark or trademark of VMware Inc in the United States and or other jurisdictions All other marks and names mentioned herein may be trademarks of their respective companies VMware Inc 3401 Hillview Ave Palo Alto CA 94304 www vmware com 2 VMware Inc Contents About This Book 5 1 Installing the Virtual Disk Utilities 7 Packaging and Components 7 Installing the Virtual Disk Development Kit 7 2 Using VMware Disk Mount 9 Limitations on Mounting Virtual Disks 9 Running VMware Disk Mount on a
9. Error cannot open shared object file No such file or directory The libvixDiskLibVim library is required to communicate with vSphere either ESX ESXi or vCenter Server To load the proper Linux libraries see section Installing the Virtual Disk Development Kit Step on page 8 VMware Inc 23 Disk Mount and Virtual Disk Manager User s Guide 24 VMware Inc
10. are guest RHEL4 RHEL4 vmdk 2 mnt rhel4 To mount a remote virtual disk Type a command in this form where lt VMname gt is the guest OS name lt inv gt is the inventory path lt srv gt is an ESX ESXi host or vCenter Server name lt user gt is a privileged user and lt pfile gt is a file containing the user s password vmware mount v lt inv gt h lt srv gt u lt user gt F lt pfile gt storagel lt VMname gt lt VMname gt vmdk mount pt Here are two examples connecting to an ESX ESXi host and through VMware vCenter vmware mount v ha datacenter vm RH5 h esx3 u root F pwf storage1 RH5 RH5 vmdk mnt rh5S vmware mount v Datacenter vm RH5 h vc2 u admin F pwf storage1 RH5 RH5 vmdk mnt rh5 NOTE ESX ESXi path names are case sensitive To mount a flat representation of a virtual disk Use the f option vmware mount f vmware guest SUSE10 SUSE10 vmdk mnt suse10 To list the currently mounted virtual disks Use the L option with sample output shown below vmware mount L Disks with mounted partitions vmware guest RHEL4 RHEL4 vmdk partition2 mnt rhel4 root esx3 exampLe com storage1 RHEL5 RHEL5 vmdk mnt rhel15 vmware guest SUSE10 SUSE10 vmdk mnt suse10 flat To unmount a virtual disk so virtual machines can access it again You can use the d option and supply a mount point vmware mount d mnt rhel4 You can also use the k option and supply a disk ID vmware mount k root esx3
11. cation classes certification programs and consulting services go to http www vmware com services VMware Inc Installing the Virtual Disk Utilities This chapter describes the packaging and installation of the Virtual Disk Development Kit Packaging and Components The Virtual Disk Development Kit is packaged as a compressed archive for Linux or an executable installer for Windows It includes the following components Command line utilities vmware mount and vmware vdiskmanager in the bin directory m Header files vixDiskLib h and vm basic types h in the include directory m Function library vixDiskLib lib Windows or libvixDiskLib so Linux in the lib directory m HTML reference documentation and sample program in the doc directory For a list of supported VMware platform products and guest operating systems see the VDDK Release Notes Installing the Virtual Disk Development Kit On the VDDK software download page find the install package for Windows including 64 bit libraries the compressed archive for 32 bit Linux and the compressed archive for 64 bit Linux To install the package on Windows 1 On the VDDK Download page choose the binary exe for Windows and download it to your desktop 2 Double click the new desktop icon 3 Click Next read and accept the license terms click Next twice click Install and Finish To unpack Windows 64 bit Libraries 1 Install VDDK on Windows as above 2 Find vddk64 zip in the in
12. de Table 1 Revision History Revision Description 2011 08 22 Revised for VDDK 5 0 and Workstation 8 0 with e option to check disk chain consistency 2010 07 27 Revised for VDDK 1 2 and Workstation 7 1 with t option 6 for thin provisioned disk 2009 05 06 Revised for VDDK 1 1 with Unicode support 2008 12 29 Workaround for missing 64 bit shared libraries information on port 902 2008 09 15 Added information about Windows and Linux log files 2008 07 17 Corrected information about snapshots p option and Fuse mount procedure 2008 04 07 Revised for Workstation 6 5 and VMware Server 2 0 with S option to switch target and source 2008 01 22 New option for virtual machine s inventory path and t option 5 for compressed stream type 2007 06 07 Updated with support for Linux hosts and remote virtual disks 2007 04 20 First version of the VMware Virtual Disk Manager User s Guide 2005 04 08 First version of the VMware Disk Mount User s Guide To view the most current version of this book as well as all VMware API and SDK documentation go to http www vmware com support pubs sdk_pubs html Intended Audience This book is intended for anyone who wants to modify or access disks in virtual machines using the VMware virtual disk utilities Typical users are people who work with multiple operating systems or computing environments system administrators application developers QA engineers or anyone wh
13. des a number of other options to use with virtual disks and mount points The command syntax for most options is either of the following vmware mount option path to disk vmware mount option mount point NoTE VDDK 1 2 incorporated international support so you can specify paths and filenames in Unicode In the following list of options lt diskID gt is an identifier of the form usernameGhostname path to disk for remote disks or just the path to disk for local disks Options that mount a remote disk also require the h u F and possibly v options The v option is required when connecting to VMware vCenter Option Definition lt diskID gt lt mountPoint gt Mounts p lt diskID gt Displays the partitions on a virtual disk l lt diskID gt Displays all mounted partitions a virtual disk L Displays all virtual disks mounted on the host computer d lt mountPoint gt Cleanly unmounts this partition closing disk if it is the last partition f lt diskID gt lt mountPoint gt Mounts a flat file representation of an entire virtual disk at the specified mount point k lt diskID gt Unmounts all partitions on a virtual disk and closes the virtual disk K lt diskID gt Forcibly unmounts all partitions on a virtual disk and closes all virtual disks X Unmounts all partitions and closes all virtual disks X Forcibly unmounts all partitions and closes all virtual disks The option
14. disk but later you might need to reclaim hard disk space on the host You can convert the preallocated virtual disk into a growable disk and remove the original virtual disk file The new growable virtual disk is large enough to contain all the data in the original virtual disk and moreover is able to grow when you add data to it As another example you could move a virtual machine from an old VMware server that could not handle files larger than 2GB converting the split virtual disk into a single growable file As a third example you can convert hosted disk to managed disk in a VMFS file system on an ESX ESXi host IMPORTANT Virtual disks must be offline with the virtual machine powered off for most operations VMware Inc 17 Disk Mount and Virtual Disk Manager User s Guide Uses of Virtual Disk Manager You can use Virtual Disk Manager to m Automate the management of virtual disks with scripts m Create virtual disks that are not yet associated with a particular virtual machine This is useful for making templates to speed creation of virtual machine m Convert an existing local virtual disk to a remote ESX ESXi virtual disk m Create a compressed disk optimized for streaming m Switch the virtual disk type from preallocated to growable or from growable to preallocated When you change the disk type to growable you reclaim some disk space m Expand the size of a virtual disk so it is larger than the size specified w
15. ed ESX ESXi host After conversion is complete and you have tested the converted virtual disk to make sure it works as expected you may delete the original virtual disk file If you delete the original file also remove it from any virtual machine that uses it To remove it choose VM gt Settings gt Hardware select the virtual disk and click Remove For the ESX ESXi host to recognize the converted virtual disk you must add it to a virtual machine or create a virtual machine the vmx file is not transferred Choose Inventory gt Virtual Machine gt Edit Settings click Add and follow the wizard prompts to add the converted virtual disk file To convert virtual disk to thin provisioned virtual disk Use a command and procedure similar to the above but specify type 6 thin provisioned disk vmware vdiskmanager r sourceDisk vmdk t 6 h esx4 example com u root f password txt storage1 lt VMname gt targetDisk vmdk V CAUTION When cloning to a remote ESX ESXi host Virtual Disk Manager overwrites any preexisting VMDK file This could result in loss of data When cloning to local disk the destination VMDK is not overwritten 20 VMware Inc Chapter 3 Using VMware Virtual Disk Manager Increasing the Size of an Existing Virtual Disk To expand grow a virtual disk Specify size and give the full path to the VMDK or change directory to its location vmware vdiskmanager x 80GB mydisk vmdk This increases the maxi
16. er lt options gt lt drive mountpoint gt Use lt diskname gt to specify the name of a virtual disk file VMDK that you want to create manage or modify The virtual disk file must have a vmdk extension You may specify a path in front of the filename For example C Documents and Settings lt user gt My Documents My Virtual Machines VMname newvmdisk vmdk on a Windows host or path to disk newvmdisk vmdk on a Linux host If you mapped a network share on the host you can create the virtual disk on that share by providing path information with the disk name Use lt drive mountpoint gt to specify the drive letter or mount point associated with a virtual disk that was mounted using VMware Disk Mount You must mount a virtual disk to prepare it for shrinking IMPORTANT VDDK 1 1 has international support so you can specify paths and filenames in Unicode See Table 1 VMware Virtual Disk Manager Options on page 19 for a description of command line options See Examples Using Virtual Disk Manager on page 20 for sample commands to perform various tasks VMware Inc Chapter 3 Using VMware Virtual Disk Manager Table 1 VMware Virtual Disk Manager Options Option Parameters Description C Creates a local virtual disk The a s and t options and a virtual disk name specified by lt diskname gt are required when creating a virtual disk d Defragments the virtual disk specified by lt diskname gt
17. example com storage1 RHEL5 RHELS vmdk You may also use the x or X option to unmount or force unmount all partitions VMware Inc Chapter 2 Using VMware Disk Mount About the Inventory Path On an ESX ESXi host with the i option specify InventoryPath as i ha datacenter vm lt VMpathname as read from inventory tree in VC client UI gt On VMware vCenter with the i option specify InventoryPath as i lt Path to datacenter gt vm lt VMpathname as read from inventory tree in VC client UI gt The path to your datacenter is as read from the tree display in the VMware vCenter UI Formulating the Inventory Path For help with the inventory path on ESX ESXi hosts or with vCenter Server see Formulating the ESX Inventory Path on page 12 or Formulating the VMware vCenter Inventory Path on page 12 Installing the Fuse Package Fuse file system in user space is a loadable kernel module for UNIX operating systems It allows regular non root users to create and access their own file systems The file system code runs in user space while the Fuse module provides a bridge to the actual kernel mount interfaces Fuse was merged into mainstream Linux in kernel version 2 6 14 For earlier versions of Linux you might need to install it To check if your system has Fuse Run the modprobe l command modprobe l fuse lib modules 2 6 22 14 generic kernel fs fuse fuse ko If the second line showing fuse ko appears stop
18. files which in VMware systems substitute for physical disk One of Virtual Disk Manager s key features is the ability to clone and convert virtual disks from the local system to a remote system or from a remote system to the local system Another feature allows you to enlarge a virtual disk so that its maximum capacity is larger than when you created it If you need more disk space on a given virtual disk but do not want to add another virtual disk or use ghosting software to transfer the data on a virtual disk to a larger virtual disk you can alter the maximum size of the disk This is not possible with physical hard drives Another feature allows you to change disk types When you create a virtual machine you specify how disk space is allocated You have two choices for a total of four options m Preallocated or growable All space for the virtual disk is allocated in advance flat or allocated space begins small but grows as needed for the virtual disk sparse m Single or multiple files Virtual disk is stored in one big file monolithic or stored as a series of smaller virtual disk files split With Virtual Disk Manager you can change whether the virtual disk type is flat or sparse monolithic or split You can change preallocated disk into growable disk as needed and change whether the virtual disk is stored in a single file or split into multiple 2GB files For example you might allocate all the disk space for a virtual
19. fy the virtual disk image resulting in a very large redo log 2 Power down the virtual machine and use vmware vdiskmanager d to defragment its virtual disk This is the same as clicking Hard Disk gt Utilities gt Defragment in the user interface 3 Runa disk fragmentation tool on the host computer if needed Modern file systems such as NTFS and Linux ext2 and especially ext3 are relatively resistant to defragmentation 4 Shrink the virtual disk as described in Shrinking a Virtual Disk on page 22 Shrinking a Virtual Disk If you have a virtual disk that grows as you add data you can shrink the disk in order to reclaim unused space If there is empty space in the virtual disk shrinking reduces the amount of space that the VMDK file occupies on the host Shrinking a virtual disk does not change the maximum capacity of the virtual disk itself Power off the virtual machine before using Virtual Disk Manager to prepare and shrink growable virtual disks You cannot shrink m Preallocated virtual disks flat type 2 or 3 m Physical hard drives m Virtual disks that are associated with snapshots To prepare and shrink the virtual disk in its current state first use the snapshot manager to delete existing snapshots To discard changes made since you took a snapshot revert to the snapshot To shrink a virtual disk 1 Use the VMware Disk Mount utility to mount a volume of the virtual disk The VMware Disk Mount utility and the VMware
20. he library path You can ignore 1dconf messages saying that an so file is not a symbolic link because VDDK expects the libraries to be fixed versions not upgradable 5 The Disk Mount utility requires the Fuse file system in user space package Most recent Linux systems have Fuse already installed If Libfuse and other Fuse components are missing from your Linux system see Installing the Fuse Package on page 15 8 VMware Inc Using VMware Disk Mount This chapter about Disk Mount contains the following sections m Limitations on Mounting Virtual Disks on page 9 m Running VMware Disk Mount on a Windows Host on page 10 m Running VMware Disk Mount on a Linux Host on page 13 VMware Disk Mount is a utility for Windows and Linux hosts that allows you to mount a virtual disk as a separate drive or partition without needing to access the virtual disk from its virtual machine You can mount specific volumes of a virtual disk if the virtual disk is partitioned The virtual machine must be powered off After you mount a virtual disk you can read from and write to the mounted virtual disk as if it were a separate file system with its own drive letter or mount point on your computer For example you could scan the disk for viruses or restore files from the host system to the powered off virtual machine Limitations on Mounting Virtual Disks Consider the following when you mount virtual disks m You cannot mou
21. hen you created it m Defragment virtual disks m To reclaim more disk space prepare and shrink virtual disks without powering on the virtual machine m Rename and move virtual disks NOTE You cannot use Virtual Disk Manager to create or to shrink physical hard drives You can use Virtual Disk Manager with virtual disks created under VMware Server VMware Workstation 5 or higher VMware Fusion VMware Player VMware ACE unencrypted disks only VMware GSX Server and VMware ESX ESXi server only preallocated disks of type 4 If you remote clone a virtual disk to ESX 2 5 you must go through VirtualCenter 2 5 or vCenter Server 4 instead of directly to the ESX 2 5 host VMware Disk Mount Some disk management activities require you to mount a VMDK as a volume or file system available to the host or guest operating system For details see Chapter 2 Using VMware Disk Mount on page 9 Running Virtual Disk Manager 18 Back up your virtual disk files by copying them elsewhere before making changes with Virtual Disk Manager To run Virtual Disk Manager 1 Open a command prompt or terminal on the host Path is probably set correctly by the VMware installation but you might have to change to the directory where you installed VMware Virtual Disk Manager 2 Type the vmware vdiskmanager command to display usage information The command syntax is one of vmware vdiskmanager lt options gt lt diskname gt vmware vdiskmanag
22. ify virtual disk with snapshots Disk Mount locates and mounts the last snapshot On Windows you can mount previous snapshots read only On Linux you cannot mount previous snapshots V CAUTION When you have a snapshot mounted with vmware mount do not revert to a previous snapshot using any other VMware interface Doing so makes it impossible to unmount the partition VMware Inc 9 Disk Mount and Virtual Disk Manager User s Guide Disk Mount runs from the command line on any version of Windows XP Windows Server 2003 Windows Server 2008 or Windows 7 as well as any version of Linux that is supported as a host for VDDK or in some cases additional ones for VMware Workstation Disk Mount on Linux requires the Fuse package See Installing the Fuse Package on page 15 When you are finished using a mounted virtual disk you should unmount it so the virtual machine can use its virtual disk again Running VMware Disk Mount on a Windows Host 10 To run VMware Disk Mount open a command prompt on a Windows host The Disk Mount utility installs in C Program Files VMware VMware Virtual Disk Development Kit bin by default which the installer adds to your search path so you can probably type just vmware mount to run the utility The Disk Mount command syntax is vmware mount driveletter path to vmdk options Use driveletter to specify the drive letter where you want to mount or unmount a virtual disk Examples in this sec
23. l disk specify disk size using the x option instead t 0 1 2 3 4 516 Specifies the virtual disk type This option is required when you create or convert a virtual disk Choose one of the following types m 0 create a growable virtual disk contained in a single file monolithic sparse 1 create a growable virtual disk split into 2GB files split sparse 2 create a preallocated virtual disk contained in a single file monolithic flat 3 create a preallocated virtual disk split into 2GB files split flat 4 create a preallocated virtual disk compatible with ESX ESXi VMFS flat 5 create a compressed disk optimized for streaming 6 create a thin provisioned virtual disk only on ESX ESXi 3 5 and later Options for Remote Virtual Disks h lt hostname gt Specifies the host name or IP address of a remote ESX ESXi host u lt username gt Specifies the user name for connecting to a remote ESX ESXi host VMware Inc 19 Disk Mount and Virtual Disk Manager User s Guide Table 1 VMware Virtual Disk Manager Options Continued Option Parameters Description f lt passwordfile gt Specifies pathname of a plain text file that contains the password for connecting to a remote ESX ESXi host P lt portNumber gt Specifies the TCP port number on a remote ESX ESXi host Optional Default 902 S Switches to make the source virtual disk remote instead of the target disk remo
24. mum capacity of the virtual disk to 80GB Unlike defragmenting and shrinking you may increase the size of preallocated virtual disks flat type 2 or 3 Virtual Disk Manager expands the virtual disk but does not modify its contents so the partition information remains the same Many operating systems cannot alter partition size after creation so you might have to obtain third party software such as Partition Magic or GNU Parted to do this Such software allows you to alter disk partitions so a virtual machine can access the additional disk space Another method of increasing partition size easier in some cases would be to use VMware Converter Renaming or Relocating a Virtual Disk To rename or relocate a virtual disk 1 Remove the virtual disk from any virtual machine that contains the disk Choose VM gt Settings gt Hardware select the virtual disk and click Remove 2 Type one of the following commands m To rename the virtual disk and keep it in the same location type vmware vdiskmanager n mydisk vmdk myNewDisk vmdk m To rename the virtual disk and locate it in a different directory type vmware vdiskmanager n mydisk vmdk lt Another Path gt myNewDisk vmdk On Linux hosts type vmware vdiskmanager n mydisk vmdk lt anotherPath gt myNewDisk vmdk m To keep the same name but locate the disk in a different directory type vmware vdiskmanager n mydisk vmdk lt Another Path gt mydisk vmdk On Linux hosts type vm
25. nd lt password gt is the user s password vmware mount K storagel lt VMname gt lt VMname gt vmdk i lt inv gt h lt server gt u lt user gt S lt password gt Here are two examples connecting to an ESX ESXi host and through VMware vCenter vmware mount K storage1 WinXP WinXP vmdk i ha datacenter vm WinXP h esx3 u root s secret vmware mount K storage1 WinXP WinXP vmdk i Datacenter vm WinXP h vc2 u admin s secretv NOTE ESX ESXi path names are case sensitive To unmount the J drive if not in use Use the d option vmware mount J d To mount a specific volume from a virtual disk List the volume partitions then decide which to mount vmware mount C My Virtual Machines WindowsXP WindowsXP vmdk p vmware mount J C My Virtual Machines WindowsXP WindowsXP vmdk v 2 To list the currently mounted virtual disks Use the L option with sample output shown below vmware mount L Currently mounted volumes J gt C My Virtual Machines WindowsXP WindowsxP vmdk K gt storage1 WindowsXP2 WindowsXP2 vmdk To unmount a virtual disk so virtual machines can access it again Using drive letters from the examples above type vmware mount J d vmware mount K d About the Inventory Path On an ESX ESXi host with the i option specify InventoryPath as i ha datacenter vm lt VMpathname as read from inventory tree in VC client UI gt On VMware vCenter with the i
26. nd Crypto Libraries On some distributions especially 64 bit Linux vmware mount might produce an error saying failed to load library libcrypto so 0 9 8 or libssl so 0 9 8 cannot open shared object file Fuse mount requires these libraries but does not install them If vmware mount complains about missing libraries To avoid this problem add the location of the missing libraries to your LD_LIBRARY_PATH environment as in this example and run vmware mount again export LD_LIBRARY_PATH LD_LIBRARY_PATH usr local lib usr local Lib vmware 1Lib Libcrypto so 0 9 8 usr LocaL Lib vmware Lib libss1 so 0 9 8 ldd usr bin vmware mount vmware mount The first two lines constitute a single command so type Enter only after 0 9 8 The Ldd command is diagnostic to verify dependencies VMware Inc Using VMware Virtual Disk Manager This chapter about the Virtual Disk Manager contains the following sections m About Virtual Disk Manager on page 17 m Running Virtual Disk Manager on page 18 m Examples Using Virtual Disk Manager on page 20 VMware Virtual Disk Manager vmware vdiskmanager is a utility that allows you to create manage and modify virtual disk files from within scripts or at the command line It runs on Windows and Linux systems and unlike Disk Mount has the same command line options on both About Virtual Disk Manager Virtual Disk Manager manipulates virtual machine disk VMDK
27. nd continues until the blue folders In this case it is New Folder suda_esx You can rename and reorganize folders so datacenter names can vary To formulate the inventory path append vm to the datacenter name followed by the virtual machine name as it appears where selected To obtain the path to virtual disk select disk in the hardware summary and read the Disk File text box This command mounts the virtual disk file covTest vmdk on Windows drive letter Q vmware mount Q v 1 i New Folder suda_esx vm Discovered Virtual Machine covTest storage1 covTest covTest vmdk h vc exampLe com u Administrator s adminpw VMware Inc Chapter 2 Using VMware Disk Mount Running VMware Disk Mount on a Linux Host To run Disk Mount open a command terminal on a Linux host Disk Mount installs in usr bin by default so you can type just vmware mount to display usage information Many mount operations require root su or superuser Sudo permission VMware Disk Mount for Linux offers two modes for mounting disks 1 You can mount a specific partition of a virtual disk either local or remote The command syntax for mounting a specific partition is as follows the default partitionNumber is 1 vmware mount path to disk partitionNumber mount point 2 You can mount a flat file representation of an entire virtual disk The command syntax for mounting a flat file representation is vmware mount f path to disk mount point Disk Mount inclu
28. nt virtual disks that are in use by a running or suspended virtual machine You can mount disks from a powered off virtual machine or disks that are not associated with a virtual machine m You cannot mount a virtual disk if any of its vmdk files are encrypted compressed or have read only permissions Change these attributes before mounting the virtual disk m You can use Disk Mount with virtual disks created by ESX ESXi 3 x or higher Workstation 4 or higher VMware Fusion VMware Player and VMware Server m With Windows you must mount virtual disks on drive D or greater You cannot specify a drive letter already in use m You can mount large gt 2GB disks on Windows NTFS only specifying a drive letter For other file systems there is no reliable way to tell if large files are supported so disk files should be split into 2GB segments split sparse or split flat NFS v2 had a 2GB file size limit as did the Linux 2 4 kernel You can mount and read Windows virtual disks on Windows hosts with at least one NTFS volume or Linux virtual disks on Linux hosts Cross mounting is restricted With Windows you can mount volumes formatted with FAT 12 16 32 or NTFS If the virtual disk has a mix of partitions or volumes where for example a partition is unformatted or is formatted by a Linux operating system and another partition is formatted by a Windows operating system you can mount the Windows partition with Disk Mount m If you spec
29. o wants to create manage and modify virtual disk files from scripts or at the command line VMware Technical Publications Glossary VMware Technical Publications provides a glossary of terms that might be unfamiliar to you For definitions of terms as they are used in VMware technical documentation go to http www vmware com support pubs VMware Inc Disk Mount and Virtual Disk Manager User s Guide Document Feedback VMware welcomes your suggestions for improving our documentation Send your feedback to docfeedback vmware com Technical Support and Education Resources The following sections describe the technical support resources available to you Online and Telephone Support To use online support to submit technical support requests view your product and contract information and register your products go to http www vmware com support Support Offerings To find out how VMware support offerings can help meet your business needs go to http www vmware com support services VMware Professional Services VMware Education Services courses offer extensive hands on labs case study examples and course materials designed to be used as on the job reference tools Courses are available onsite in the classroom and live online For onsite pilot programs and implementation best practices VMware Consulting Services provides offerings to help you assess plan build and manage your virtual environment To access information about edu
30. s for remote virtual disks are Option Definition v InventoryPath Specifies inventory path on the VMware vCenter that manages this virtual disk h HostName Specifies the name or IP address of the ESX host to access the managed virtual disk u UserName Specifies user name for the ESX host F PasswordFile Specifies the path name to a plain text file containing the password for the ESX host P Port Specifies the port number for server connections Defaults to 902 and is often optional When connecting to an ESX host or through VMware vCenter the actual port number comes back from the server If zero 0 the P specified port number is used instead VMware Inc 13 Disk Mount and Virtual Disk Manager User s Guide 14 Log File On Linux the diagnostic log files for each lt user gt who ran vmware mount are located here tmp vmware lt user gt fuseMount Log Examples Using VMware Disk Mount on a Linux Host Following are some examples that illustrate how to use Disk Mount on a Linux host To show the partitions on a local virtual disk Assuming directory vmware guest and virtual machine RHEL4 type this command which produces the following output vmware mount p vmware guest RHEL4 RHEL4 vmdk Volume 1 102 MB Linux Volume 2 19862 MB Linux Volume 3 510 MB Linux swap To mount a partition from a local virtual disk To mount the second partition from above type this command vmware mount vmw
31. stall directory which by defaults is C Program Files VMware VMware Virtual Disk Development Kit bin 3 Unzip this into a location of your choice taking care not to overwrite any existing files Do not select the above bin directory as the extraction target 4 You should see new bin lib and plugins directories You can run the virtual disk utilities against these Be sure to add the bin directory to the Path when you run the utilities To Install the package on Linux 1 On the VDDK Download page choose the tar gz compressed archive for 32 bit Linux or 64 bit Linux 2 Unpack the archive which creates the vmware vix disklib distrib subdirectory tar xvzf VMware vix diskLib tar gz VMware Inc 7 Disk Mount and Virtual Disk Manager User s Guide 3 Change to that directory and run the installation script as root or superuser cd vmware vix disk1lib distrib sudo vmware install pl 4 Read the license terms and type yes to accept them Software components install in usr unless you specify otherwise Add the appropriate library location to the list in etc 1d so conf or one of the files it sources and run ldconfig as root or superuser Alternatively you can set the LD_LIBRARY_PATH environment to include the library installation path sudo gedit etc 1d so conf sudo ldconfig m On 32 bit Linux add usr 1ib vmware vix disklib 11b32 as the library path m On 64 bit Linux add usr 1ib vmware vix disk1lib 11b64 as t
32. te Examples Using Virtual Disk Manager The following examples illustrate how to use Virtual Disk Manager NOTE Always back up copy your virtual disk files before changing size defragmenting or renaming them Creating a Virtual Disk To create a new virtual disk Change directory to the location where you want the new VMDK and type this command vmware vdiskmanager c a lsilogic s 40GB t 0 mydisk vmdk This creates a 40 GB SCSI virtual disk named mydisk vmdk Type zero means that the space is contained in a single virtual disk file and that disk space is growable not preallocated Converting a Virtual Disk To convert a virtual disk from preallocated to growable Assuming sourceDisk vmdk exists as type 2 or 3 type this command to convert it vmware vdiskmanager r sourceDisk vmdk t targetDisk vmdk This converts the disk from its original preallocated type to a growable virtual disk consisting of one VMDK file Virtual Disk Manager reclaims some space in the virtual disk so the VMDK needs to be only about as large as the data it contained at conversion time To convert a local virtual disk to a remote virtual disk For this conversion specify type 4 for VMFS virtual disk with remote disk options vmware vdiskmanager r sourceDisk vmdk t 4 h esx3 example com u root f password txt storage1 lt VMname gt targetDisk vmdk This converts the local virtual disk to remote virtual disk located on the specifi
33. tion use the J drive and nearby letters The path to vmdk specifies the location of a virtual disk that you want to mount or query for information C Documents and Settings lt user gt My Documents My Virtual Machines lt VMname gt lt VMname gt vmdk for example where lt VMname gt is the name of a virtual machine NOTE VDDK 1 2 incorporated international support so you can specify paths and filenames in Unicode With no arguments vmware mount displays mounted drive mappings if any This is similar to the L option Possible options are Option Definition v N Mounts volume N of a virtual disk N defaults to 1 d Given a drive letter deletes the mapping to the virtual disk drive volume f Forcibly deletes the mapping to a virtual disk drive volume Use this option when a technical error or a correctable condition such as open file handles prevents Disk Mount from unmounting the drive Otherwise stop accessing the volume and use d p Given path to vmdk displays the partitions volumes on the virtual disk Local only L Displays all virtual disks mounted on the host computer Use without other options m w Mounts disk in read and write mode the default m n Mounts disk in non persistent read only mode Allows mounting of snapshot disk Displays vmware mount usage information The options for remote virtual disks are Option Definition i InventoryPath Specifies inventor
34. ware vdiskmanager n mydisk vmdk lt anotherPath gt 3 Add the virtual disk back to any virtual machines that use it Choose VM gt Settings gt Hardware click Add and follow the instructions in the wizard Defragmenting a Virtual Disk To defragment a virtual disk To defragment a local virtual disk type this command vmware vdiskmanager d myDisk vmdk Defragment consolidates sparse disk moving data to lower numbered sectors This is independent of any defragmentation tools in the guest operating system which work on volumes stored inside the VMDK Defragmenting does not reclaim unused space on a virtual disk to do this you must shrink the disk You cannot defragment m Preallocated virtual disks flat type 2 or 3 m Physical hard drives m Virtual disks that are associated with snapshots VMware Inc 21 Disk Mount and Virtual Disk Manager User s Guide 22 Follow this order of steps when defragmenting and shrinking virtual disk 1 Runa disk fragmentation tool inside the virtual machine For example with a Windows XP guest operating system run the Windows XP defragmentation tool VMware recommends that you defragment a guest s virtual disk before taking the first snapshot of a guest or after deleting snapshots Otherwise you lose the ability to defragment the guest s virtual disk because after a snapshot changes are made to the redo log not the original virtual disk Moreover defragmentation can heavily modi
35. y path on the VMware vCenter that manages this virtual disk h HostName Specifies the name or IP address of the ESX host to access the managed virtual disk u UserName Specifies user name for the ESX host s Password Specifies the password for the ESX host P Port Specifies the port number for server connections Defaults to 902 and is often optional When connecting to an ESX host or through VMware vCenter the actual port number comes back from the server If zero 0 the P specified port number is used instead VMware Inc Chapter 2 Using VMware Disk Mount Log Files On Windows the diagnostic log files for each lt user gt who ran vmware mount are located here C Documents and Settings lt user gt Local Settings Temp vmware lt user gt lt nnnn gt vmount log C Documents and Settings lt user gt Local Settings Temp vmware lt user gt lt nnnn gt vmount cLient log Examples Using VMware Disk Mount on a Windows Host Following are some examples that illustrate how to use Disk Mount on a Windows host To mount a local virtual disk Assuming shortcut C My Virtual Machines and virtual machine WindowsXP type this command vmware mount J C My Virtual Machines WindowsXP WindowsXP vmdk To mount a remote virtual disk Type a command in this form where lt VMname gt is the guest OS name lt inv gt is the inventory path lt server gt is an ESX ESXi host or VMware vCenter lt user gt is a privileged user a
Download Pdf Manuals
Related Search