Insyde Software BIOS for the MOD520, User`s Manual
Contents
1. Memory 8000000 16MB Flash chip at BOOTCS 8FFFFFF PAR2 CAN memory atGPCS3 memory at GPCS3 PAR3 Delega 1FO 1F7 Harddisk Se PAR4 3F6 3F7 Harddisk at GPCS7 PAR5 UO 400 5FF ISA devices PARG VO 600 7FF TFF ISA devices includes ECP ISA devices includes ECP config es 512KB ree ae tes ea at GPCSO 907FFFF PARB Pan IO A00 BFF ISA devices includes A79 for PNPISA PAR9 vo E00 FFF ISA devices PAR10 C00 CF7 ISA devices PAR11 vo D00 DFF ISA devices PAR12 46E8 46E8 ISA VGA Enable Register PAR13 C0000 write protected BIOS extensions PAR14 DFFFF ISA adapter space PAR15 E0000 FFFFF BIOS write protection BIOS_MOD520 DOC 13 Insyde Software BIOS for the MOD520 User s Manual PAR Mapping with PCI VGA PARO A0000 BFFFF r w PCI Video Memory PAR1 Memory 8000000 16MB Flash chip at BOOTCS 8FFFFFF PAR2 CANmemoryatGPCS3 memory at GPCS3 PAR3 Diese 1FO 1F7 Harddisk at a PAR4 3F6 3F7 Harddisk at GPCS7 PAR5 WO 400 5FF ISA devices PARG Io 600 7FF TFF ISA devices includes ECP ISA devices includes ECP config aS ae ee 512KB E at GPCSO 907FFFF PAR pee ees AOO BFF ISA devices includes A79 for PNPISA PAR13 C0000 write protected BIOS extensions PAR14 DFFFF ISA adapter space PAR15 E0000 FFFFF BIOS write protection BIOS_MOD520 DOC Insyde Software BIOS for the MOD520 User s Manual 3 5 PCI Bus During power up the BIOS configures th2. Error invalid address Clear OK BL value data read from EEPROM Input AX 7701h write to EEPROM DX address offset in EEPROM 80h 7FFh BL value data to write into EEPROM Output CarryFlag Set Error invalid address Clear OK BIOS MOD520 DOC 21 Insyde Software BIOS for the MOD520 User s Manual 6 Integrated Flash File System The BIOS provides support for different on board flash devices connected to BOOTCS The SC520 doesn t provide a paging mechanism to map pieces of flash into the real mode adapter space so the flash must be accessed in protected mode Since only one piece of software usually the operating system kernel can enter protected mode accessing the flash disk can result in general protection faults So the flash disk feature should only be used while the system remains in pure real mode The flash disk allows you to boot an operating system like WindowsCE from flash As soon as the 32 bit environment gets started the flash disk driver included in the BIOS should be replaced by an appropriate driver in the 32 bit operating system The flash file system FlashFX from Datalight can be obtained in full source The full source package Porting Kit allows adaptations for different operating systems The following operating systems are currently supported DOS WindowsCE LINUX QNX The flash disk can be enabled or disabled in setup Startup Flash Disk to provide compatibility with all operat
3. use target display and remote video simultaneously Within the configuration file you can add comments with A Instead of using a real floppy drive you can also generate image files of floppy disks Access to these image files are much faster than to real floppy disks Additionally the image files can be write protected So you can build up virtual floppy drives to initially set up the target s file system or to start test tools during production Floppy disk images can be produced with the utility FDIMAGE Type FDIMAGE H to get a list of available options When video redirection is enabled option NOVIDEO not active the BIOS will skip the initialization of both ISA and PCI VGA cards The BIOS thereby comes up much quicker Using the keyword DUALVIDEO will enable possible VGA cards as well and display video output on both the real video card and on the remote machine This allows hardware engineers to debug vga controller problems The BIOS will not warn for missing keyboards as soon as remote keyboard is enabled BIOS_MOD520 DOC 17 Insyde Software BIOS for the MOD520 User s Manual You can leave REMHOST by pressing the left SHIFT and STRG keys simultaneously 4 2 Cable Definition The wiring of the serial null modem cable is as follows FS ordering number TKO0053 PC1 Host PC2 Target i Signal Name 18 BIOS MOD520 DOC Insyde Software BIOS for the MOD520 User s Manual The wiring of the DOS Link Cable
4. BIOS has been designed to support a reduced configuration without the MOD520 evaluation board When the BIOS detects that no superio is attached it runs in a special mode without a keyboard controller Communication can now be done through the serial port COM1 Refer to the REMHOST section for information about serial redirection Please note that all resource informations in the Plug amp Play and PCI BIOS do not change dynamically Running an operating system like Windows9x that relies on these services makes no sense in such an environment BIOS_MOD520 DOC 23
5. Insyde Software BIOS for the MOD520 User s Manual Insyde Software BIOS for the MOD520 User s Manual Copyright 2002 FS FORTH SYSTEME GmbH Postfach 1103 D 79200 Breisach a Rh Germany Release of Document July 04 2002 Filename BIOS MOD520 a5 DOC Author Pedro Perez de Heredia BIOS Version 1 x All rights reserved No part of this document may be copied or reproduced in any form or by any means without the prior written consent of FS FORTH SYSTEME GmbH 2 BIOS MOD520 DOC Insyde Software BIOS for the MOD520 User s Manual Contents SN 1h EE 4 ES RE 4 2 SERS TS El 5 2 1 BIOS Flashing CHING EE 5 2 1 1 Programming flash devices a 6 2 1 2 Reading flash devices rrenan 7 2 1 3 Display flash drives information c cceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeenees 8 2 2 JTAG Booster for AMD ElantCh 0 8 3 ele RE 9 Sds Memo MAD sai aa cite a Ra papi 9 RS Te AD pa ae RS RR RO RR elabes 10 337 DIMA Ma a peso iii essa A Cia tien ERAS ee pe 11 3 4 PAR WINKOWS EE 12 PAR Mapping with ISA VGA sctietetnae Seege Ste ege 13 PAR Mapping with PCI VOA 14 SETON de Ee Co A ee PLE Wi AEA mer Pera eet emer T E ee 15 4 Remote FeaAlres salinas e EENS er eae 16 4 1 The Remote Server REMHOST EXE ssssssssessseseessessesernrsnrrrssrnnrnernesrnerne 17 A AAI are DEE 18 43 Eed sas aaa os Beal OG cal ot estrada te 20 5 User defined CMOS Default AAA 21 6 Integrated Flash File Syste
6. al 3 Chipset Details 3 1 Memory Map 000000 9FFFFh Low Memory Area EC The adapter space at C0000h DFFFFh is used for PCI BIOS extensions and ISA bus The BIOS will automatically provide shadow RAM for extensions and maps the remaining space for ISA bus The ISA bus memory hole is an important feature required for ISA devices that map ROM or RAM into the adapter space Examples for this are ISA network cards or PCMCIA controllers BIOS extensions of PCI devices will always be copied to shadow RAM by the BIOS They will be copied one after another behind the VGA BIOS ISA cards that require ISA memory space should be configured to use addresses right below E0000h in order to prevent conflicts with PCI shadow ROM s BIOS_MOD520 DOC 9 Insyde Software BIOS for the MOD520 User s Manual 3 2 Interrupt Map For AT compatibility we do not use the second slave interrupt controller of the AMD ElanSC520 Nevertheless the customer is free to map the second slave interrupt controller into the system and use the additional 8 interrupt lines Note that using these interrupts require special interrupt service routines Mapping fo as GP1IMAP Keyboard Slave Slave Interrupt Controllert Controller 1 Cam GP3IMAP Serial Port 2F8 or ISA Bus FA ES GP4IMAP Serial Port 3F8 or ISA Bus IRQ4 4 GP5IMAP Serial Port 3E8 or ISA Bus IRQ5 GP6IMAP Floppy lem SR BWSTROD o EI uma 10 BIOS MOD520 DOC Insyde Software BIOS for t
7. e exists On the MOD520 there is only one flash unit so this switch is not required Default UNIT 0 O XXXX The programming starts at an offset of xxxx If the offset is negative the offset specifies an address relative to the end of the flash disk Default O 0 TOP The programming starts at the end of the flash unit minus the size of the file image FO Xxxx This switch specifies an offset into the image file The first xxxx bytes of the file are skipped and not programmed to the flash Default FO 0 L XXXX The number of bytes to program may be limitited by the L option length Without this option the whole file will be programmed starting from FO Default L file size ERASEALL 6 BIOS_MOD520 DOC Insyde Software BIOS for the MOD520 User s Manual Erase the whole flash unit Without this option only those blocks will be erased where new data should be written to NOERASE This option prevents the flash from being erased Examples BFLASH P BIOS ROM O C0000 ERASEALL This programs the 256K BIOS image to the address range C0000 FFFFF The entire flash unit is erased BFLASH P BIOS ROM FO 3F000 O 1000 This programs the upper 4K of the BIOS image to the top of flash The topmost flash block will be erased before programming 2 1 2 Reading flash devices Usage BFLASH R filename options The contents of the flash memory is read and written to a file Options UNIT x Selects a fla
8. e onboard VGA and Ethernet devices The PCI BIOS also scans the PCI slots for external cards The PCI bus is working in concurrent arbitration mode Write Posting Delayed Transactions and PCI Target FIFO Purge are enabled Eventhough there is only one PCI slot on the MOD520EVA the BIOS scans for other possible PCI slots as well In customer specific designs you can add your own PCI devices without having to change the BIOS The routing of the PCI devices is assumed to be as follows AD29 INTB VGA Controller on MOD520EVA AD30 INTC INTD INTA INTB PCI Slot 3 customer specific AD31 INTD INTA INTB INTC PCI Slot 4 customer specific BIOS_MOD520 DOC 15 Insyde Software BIOS for the MOD520 User s Manual 4 Remote Features FS FORTH SYSTEME has added its remote package Embedded Support Kit to the AMD ElanSC520 BIOS The Embedded Support Kit allows you to control your target machine from a host computer using either a serial or parallel null modem cable This is accomplished by transferring all INT10h video and INT16h keyboard requests to the host machine executing the command there and finally returning the results back to the target system The target system seems to behave just like it would use its own VGA card and keyboard but in fact it uses the resources of the host computer Additionally the target can access the floppy drive of your host PC These features are of great value whe
9. ed Typically PCI I O is mapped into higher I O ranges The BIOS is responsible to map I O requests from PCI devices conflict free into the I O space The only exception for this are PCI VGA cards They can use fixed I O addresses for backward compatibility to ISA devices 94 102 3B0 3DF 46E8 PAR windows can be configured to map PCI memory but not PCI I O Once the UO below 400h is configured for ISA there is no possibility to access PCI I O The InsydeSoftware BIOS looks on the ISA bus if a VGA card is available If not it always maps the I O space below 400h to PCI in order to support PCI VGA cards All remaining I O space below 400h will be made accessible to ISA I O by using several PAR windows PAR windows may also be used for chip selects to external devices To support such an I O space you can simply program another PAR window which overlaps the existing I O windows below 400h Overlapping PAR windows is allowed the lower PAR window will always have priority to the higher PAR windows The next two sections describe the PAR settings for systems with and without ISA VGA cards Note that all PAR windows used to map ISA I O or memory are routed to the unused general purpose chipselect GPCS5 The I O windows above 400h are mainly used to support PNPISA cards 12 BIOS MOD520 DOC Insyde Software BIOS for the MOD520 User s Manual PAR Mapping with ISA VGA ge Tre Rese rari PARO A0000 BFFFF r w ISA Video Memory PAR1
10. he MOD520 User s Manual The ISA bus interrupts 7 9 10 11 and 15 may also be used for PCI devices The BIOS scans the PCI bus for PCI devices and examines their configuration space If devices are requesting interrupts the BIOS maps interrupt resources to the PCI bus and disables the corresponding ISA interrupts So PCI will always have precedence over ISA interrupts Eventhough PCI devices may request more than one interrupt the PCI bus will only use up to four different interrupts INTA D Interrupts on the PCI bus are shareable A BIOS user can assign specific interrupts to INTA D in setup or let the BIOS automatically decide which interrupts are free for PCI 3 3 DMA Map DMA 4 reserved for slave cascading DMA 5 ISA Bus GPDRQ1 DMA 7 ISA Bus GPDRQ3 BIOS_MOD520 DOC 11 Insyde Software BIOS for the MOD520 User s Manual 3 4 PAR Windows The PAR windows are used to build a PC AT compatible environment Without appropriate PAR Windows the AMD ElanSC520 maps DRAM continuously into the address space All memory cycles behind the DRAM are treated as PCI memory cycles A PC AT compatible environment requires 640 KB low memory 128 kByte at A0000h for video 128 kByte at C0000h for ISA adapter space and 128 kByte at E0000h for the system BIOS I O below 400h can be configured for either PCI or ISA All I O accesses above 400h are treated as PCI cycles To support a mixture between both bus types some PAR windows must be us
11. ing systems When you are booting DOS from the flash disk do not install HIMEM SYS or EMM386 EXE The flash disk can be formatted using FXFMT EXE Unformatted flash disks will not be recognized by DOS so no drive letter will be applied to that drive When formatting the flash for the first time you must use the bios drive number 80 drive 1 81 drive 2 to select the flash drive FXFMT EXE 80 Afterwards the flash disk can be formatted using the drive letter FXFMT EXE C 22 BIOS MOD520 DOC Insyde Software BIOS for the MOD520 User s Manual 7 Quick Power Up In some embedded designs it is desired to get into the operating system as fast as possible after power up To speed up the boot process the following features have been included into the BIOS 1 When no keyboard is attached and no remote keyboard is activated the BIOS no longer waits for the user to enter setup 2 Immediately before the BIOS boots the operating system it beeps the speaker This can be disabled in setup Startup Beep Before Boot 8 Video Card Emulation In case no video card is installed the BIOS emulates a monochrom display adapter by writing into the video memory region at B000 0 This can be useful when your SC520 design is part of a PC adapter card with dual ported RAM at B000 0 to emulate video memory If you are interested in such technologies contact FS FORTH SYSTEME for further details 9 MOD520 Standalone Implementation The
12. is as follows FS ordering number TKO0925 PC1 Host Signal Name ERROR SLCT PE ACK BUSY Kescht D D2 D3 D4 PE F INIT SLCTIN STROBE pe AFDT GND BIOS_MOD520 DOC NO 4 4 sch a a CU amp GO PD Wu NIOJ P 1OIN wWO 01 PC2 Target Signal Name ERROR SLCT PE ACK a aa a O PO 0 0O1 SLCTIN STROBE Eos GND N GU BIOIN Wu NIOJ P 19 Insyde Software BIOS for the MOD520 User s Manual 4 3 Restrictions Keep the following restrictions in mind when using the ESK or writing programs that should also work with redirection 20 WindowsNT denies direct access to hardware I O ports If you plan to use REMHOST in a WindowsNT environment an additional software package is required that gives access to the specific I O ports This software package can be achieved by FS FORTH SYSTEME Avoid direct writes to video RAM There is no mechanism to detect and transfer these outputs Since DOS7 of Windows95 standard console output is partially written to the video screen So you will see only some characters displayed on the host machine while the rest is displayed on the target s video display Avoid video calls that uses registers other than AX BX CX and DX To speed up video output only these registers will be transferred The other registers will be typically used as pointers to data buffers Formatting of remote floppy
13. is not supported Don t rely on Keyboard Intercept INT15 4F This function is no longer available KEYB COM is no longer needed on the target machine Instead the current keyboard handler of your host computer is automatically used Don t press Ctrl Alt Del while redirection is active This will not reboot your target system but your host machine BIOS MOD520 DOC Insyde Software BIOS for the MOD520 User s Manual 5 User defined CMOS Defaults H the CMOS battery gets low and the CMOS gets destroyed the BIOS will program the CMOS with default settings Especially in embedded systems replacing an empty CMOS battery is often impossible The MOD520 module contains a serial EEPROM that provides 2 KBytes of non volatile data We use a prt of this EEPROM to store the default settings of the CMOS Users can create their own CMOS defaults by saving the setup settings into the EEPROM During power up the BIOS looks for valid CMOS defaults in the EEPROM If the BIOS determines that someone already saved the defaults to EEPROM it will replace the default table in ROM with the defaults from EEPROM Only the first 128 bytes of the EEPROM are required to store the CMOS defaults The remaining bytes can be used by application programs to store non volatile data The BIOS provides an INT15 interface to read or write to the EEPROM Input AX 7700h read EEPROM DX address offset in EEPROM 80h 7FFh Output CarryFlag Set
14. m aerea 22 1 Quick EE 23 8 Video Card Emulation eee E ae eae 23 9 MOD520 Standalone Implementation 23 BIOS_MOD520 DOC 3 Insyde Software BIOS for the MOD520 User s Manual 1 General This BIOS was developed to support the features of the FS FORTH SYSTEME MOD520 module It has been designed to provide maximum PC AT compatibility It has been tested thoroughly with testing environments from the PCISIG and Microsoft s System Confidence Test 1 1 Features Dynamic SDRAM detection Configurable L1 cache Master Slave Harddrives Floppy Keyboard ISA PCI Video Parallel port in standard bidirectional or epp mode 4 configurable COM ports numerical coprocessor Plug and Play BIOS 2 1 PCl Specification Compliant System Configuration Utility Remote Features Video Keyboard Floppy CMOS Defaults from EEPROM Virus Protection Password Protection for Setup and Boot Flash Disk Support Card Boot optional Integrated ROM Debugger optional 4 BIOS_MOD520 DOC Insyde Software BIOS for the MOD520 User s Manual 2 BIOS Installation FORTH SYSTEME provides two methods to program the BIOS into the flash the utility BFLASH EXE for BIOS updates under DOS and the JTAG Booster for initial flash programming Since the flash device on the MOD520 is larger than 1MB the BIOS needs to be programmed into two different regions 256K BIOS at address 0C0000h The upper 4K of the BIOS image at the to
15. n you bring up your own board for the first time In embedded systems typical PC components are often left away to save costs A standard BIOS typically would stop and warn the user that devices are missing The BIOS has been modified to go on even if there is no keyboard or display adapter With the Embedded Support Kit users can almost work with such machines like they are used to on a standard PC The BIOS contains support for both serial and parallel transmission During power up it automatically detects if a REMHOST connection can be established on the serial or parallel port 16 BIOS MOD520 DOC Insyde Software BIOS for the MOD520 User s Manual 4 1 The Remote Server REMHOST EXE The utility REMHOST is started on the host computer It listens on the serial or parallel port for incoming target requests executes the commands and sends the output values back The user can decide on the host machine in a configuration file which devices the target system should redirect By default the target assumes to redirect video and keyboard services The following options are available in the configuration file REMHOST INI PORT 1 A COM or LPT port number LPT use parallel port for transmission comment this for serial port FLOPPY enable remote floppy FLOPPY ROMDOS IMG use a floppy disk image WRPROT simulate write protection for remote drives NOKEYB disable remote keyboard NOVIDEO disable remote video DUALVIDEO
16. p of the flash 2 1 BIOS Flashing Utility For updating the BIOS under DOS we have added the flashing utility BFLASH EXE to this kit When starting BFLASH without parameters the following help screen with all possible functions and options is displayed BFLASH BIOS programming utility for the MOD520 Copyright C FS FORTH SYSTEME GmbH Breisach Version 2 00 of 01 18 2001 Usage BFLASH function filename option 1 option n Supported functions P Program file into flash drive R Read from flash drive into file 1 Display flash drives information Supported options UNIT Select flash drive ERASEALL Erase all flash chips NOERASE Do not erase before programming TOP Program file on top of flash O Offset within the flash disk hex L Length of image file FO File offset hex BIOS_MOD520 DOC 5 Insyde Software BIOS for the MOD520 User s Manual Before running this utility make sure that no expanded memory manager such as EMM386 EXE is installed Do not switch off or reset the SC520 board while BFLASH is programming your flash 2 1 1 Programming flash devices Usage BFLASH P filename options The specified file is programmed into the flash memory The type of flash device is automatically detected by the software Options UNIT x Selects a flash disk unit if more than on
17. sh disk unit if more than one exists On the MOD520 there is only one flash unit so this switch is not required Default UNIT 0 O xxxx Reading starts at an offset of xxxx If the offset is negative the offset specifies an address relative to the end of the flash disk Default O 0 L XXXX The number of bytes to read may be limitited by the L option length Without this option the whole flash disk will be read starting from O Default L size of flash disk BIOS_MOD520 DOC 7 Insyde Software BIOS for the MOD520 User s Manual Examples BFLASH R BIOS IMG O C0000 L 40000 This example reads the address range C0000 FFFFF into the file BIOS IMG 2 1 3 Display flash drives information Usage BFLASH BFLASH displays the total size and erase zone size of all flash drives available 2 2 JTAG Booster for AMD ElanSC520 The BIOS can also be replaced by an external JTAG programmer The JTAG Booster does not require system software running on your target so this can be your last rescue if the BIOS got accidently destroyed Please refer to the manual JTAG Booster for AMD ElanSC520 for detailed information To program the BIOS on the MOD520 using JTAGEL5 EXE the following commands must be started JTAGEL5 P BIOS ROM O C0000 VERIFY NODUMP LPT BASE 378 MBUS JTAGELS P BIOS ROM TOP L 1000 VERIFY NODUMP LPT BASE 378 MBUS 8 BIOS_MOD520 DOC Insyde Software BIOS for the MOD520 User s Manu
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