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Model TR360 5-Beam Fiberoptic Probe Owner`s Manual

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1. 750 rpm at 50 Hz and 15 rps 900 rpm at 60 Hz It is an AC synchronous motor which is tied to line frequency Typical line frequency varies by only lt 02 in the United States But even if your line frequency varies as long as it is stable for relatively short periods of time a frequency counter can be used to verify the line frequency at the time of the measurements The relationship between rps and line frequency is always rps 25 x line frequency Hz The motor works only at 115 V 15 a step down transformer must be used for 220 V line voltage Power use is approximately 100W Measurement of the Fringe Spacing with the Calibration Wheel To calibrate the fringe spacing of a beam pair follow these steps 1 Create a new Experiment and a new Run to record calibration data into Refer to Ch 1 of the Phase Doppler analyzer PDPA Laser Doppler Velocimeter LDV Operations Manual for more details on this Set the PMT Voltage to 350 V and adjust laser power to about 250 mW 2 Position the probe on its mounts so that the beam pair to be calibrated is in the vertical plane 3 Position the wheel so that the beams intersect in the center of the shiny portion of the outside diameter of the wheel Position the wheel approximately perpendicular to the probe axis 4 Adjust the Vertical Adjustment Knob until the reflections of the beams off the curved edge are equally spaced about the vertical pair of beams The easiest method
2. Step 2 Steering the Beams and Receiving Fiber to learn how to steer the misaligned beams With the 5 Beam probe you must also check how well the violet and green center beams overlap so perform the following step Checking the Alignment of the Probe 5 3 Figure 5 2 Checking Beam Crossing 4 Place the microscope objective at the crossing and turn off all beams except the center green and violet beam If their centers appear to be more than 25 of a beam diameter off steer the violet beam as discussed in Step 2 Steering the Beams and Receiving Fiber Uncrossing er Beams are crossing in the horizontal plane KES Figure 5 3 Beam Crossing Criterion 5 4 Model TR360 5 Beam Fiberoptic Probe C Checking Position of the Receiving Fiber The position of the receiving fiber is important as it determines the volume viewed by the photodetector This position is set at the factory to correspond to the beam crossing Typically scattered light is collected from a viewing volume the volume that the receiving fiber images which is slightly larger than the beam crossing measurement volume in a direct backscatter setup The position of the measurement volume and the viewing volume should remain coincident over the life of the probe However if the probe is subjected to shock vibration or continual temperature cycling the two volumes may not completely line up If the quality o
3. Cleaning Guidelines Keeping the optics clean is important as the performance of an LDV system is affected by the cleanliness of its optical components Dust smoke fumes and other air borne contaminants can collect on the system s optical surfaces and cause flare increased noise and loss of resolution along with other problems Following are some guidelines to keep in mind when cleaning optical components QO The purpose of cleaning is to reduce the amount of surface impurities to an acceptable level Be careful not to overclean the lenses Excessively cleaning coated optical components can be self defeating as it can limit the performance of the optics Therefore do not clean the optics more often than necessary Proceed with your experiment or procedure when the surface is free of particles that could scratch the coating or surface of the optical component Q When cleaning a component hold it over a clean soft cloth or pad in case you drop it UA Avoid touching optical surfaces with your fingers If you must remove a component from its module hold the component by the edges only Wear thin latex gloves to prevent hard to remove fingerprints To remove fingerprints use a lens cleaning tissue saturated in distilled water If distilled water is unsuccessful use a reagent grade solvent Use only reagent grade solvents as they contain the least amount of nonvolatile impurities O Use clean dry filtered compressed air to blow o
4. QO The glass is not optical quality Varying index of refraction in the glass scratches and digs or poor flatness can cause aberrations and cause the beams to uncross QO The windows have liquid behind them In these applications if the probe is moved away from perpendicular by even a few degrees it can lead to severe aberrations In these types of applications for best performance observe the reflected beams from the window to the probe lens Achieve a perpendicular probe angle with respect to the window by centering the reflected beam pattern on around the probe If you need to use the probes at an angle you will need to steer the beams and check beam crossing described in Chapter 5 Since some scattered light receiving light is lost the signal level and hence data rate will decrease The following sections discuss factors you need to consider and the adjustments you can make when measuring confined flows through flat and curved test section windows Measurements Through Flat Windows This section shows the adjustments you can make when measuring confined flows through test sections with flat windows When the test section window is flat and the optical axis of the probe is normal to the window geometrical optics can be generally used to make the necessary corrections Figure 4 1 The following discussion covers only the case of the optical axis of the probe being perpendicular to the window Depending on the numerical
5. 5 99 19 488 1 8 50 0 2 60 4 6 130 733 5 757 7 155 0 10 4 92 110 1 3 2 85 38 476 5 1 8 25 0 2 60 4 6 65 0 733 5 757 7 155 0 10 2 46 2 46 108 2 5 5 55 19 Table A 7 Specifications for Model TR360 5 Beam Probe with Model XPD60 Beam Expander and Model TLN15 1200 Lens Probe Dimensions Length mm Diameter mm Cable Diameter mm Weight kg Wavelength nm Probe Beam Diameter mm Probe Beam Spacing mm Beam Expansion Resultant Beam Diameter mm Resultant Beam Spacing mm Lens Focal Distance mm Lens Focal Length mm Lens Diameter mm Numerical Aperture Beam Crossing Half Angle Kappa deg On Axis Half Angle a B deg Measurement Volume Diameter um Measurement Volume Length mm Fringe Spacing pm Number of Fringes To the 1 e 2 points A values shown are nominal Specifications 1041 40 172 72 514 5 1 8 25 0 2 60 4 6 65 0 1115 1139 155 0 07 1 64 1 64 175 6 1 9 02 19 488 1 8 50 0 2 60 4 6 130 1115 1139 155 0 07 3 27 165 3 0 4 28 38 476 5 1 8 25 0 2 60 4 6 65 0 1115 1139 155 0 07 1 64 1 64 160 5 7 8 35 19 A 7 APPENDIX B Accessories This appendix lists the accessories available for or included with the TR Series Probes Following the list of accessories are detailed descriptions of each accessory U Focusing Lens U Beam Expander UO Microscope Objective
6. To align the probe the center green and violet beams must be collinear and should cross with other beams at the measurement volume Using Figure 5 8 as a guide familiarize yourself with the steering adjustments for the center beam Observe the beams by looking only in the direction the beam is traveling Never look into a laser beam Observe all safety precautions listed in the section Laser Safety and the precautions recommended by the laser manufacturer 5 10 Model TR360 5 Beam Fiberoptic Probe Screw A 3 places on each collimating assembly Violet Center Beam Green Center Beam Screw B 2 places on each collimating assembly Figure 5 8 Center Beam Steering Plate 1 Turn on the laser beams and look at the projection of the beam crossing Position the microscope objective at the center of the measurement volume length 2 Turn off the light to the four outer beams and let only the center violet and green beams come through 3 Look at the projection of the center beam The violet and green beams should overlap 75 of their diameters To help judge the beam overlap turn on and off the laser power to one of the beams using the shutter at the base of the coupler If the beams do not overlap sufficiently then the violet beam has to be steered onto the green beam 4 Normally it is necessary only to adjust the screws marked A in Figure 5 8 These screws provide a three point adjustment to t
7. MHz Channel 3 Violet 39 5 MHz Model TR360 5 Beam Fiberoptic Probe 10 32 UNC Buttonhead Cap Screw Remove pee Insert 1 8 Ball Driver for Adjustment B o Probe is Shown with Green and Violet Beams in Vertical Plane 10 32 UNC Buttonhead Cap Screw Remove and Insert 1 8 Ball Driver for Adjustment A Figure 6 5 Translator Adjustment for A and B side view 11 12 Adjust the position of the disk with the Z adjustment Figure 6 4 until the signal amplitude of the blue beams on the oscilloscope is maximized This is the center of the measurement volume Press the lt F9 gt key to take and display data The mean velocity measured by Channel 1 green and Channel 3 violet should be equal The mean velocities will be nearly O because with this configuration you are measuring the radial velocity of the calibration disk Note The following step involves an iterative process of successive 13 14 adjustments to translator adjustment A until the mean velocities of Processor 1 and Processor 3 are almost equal If the mean velocities are not equal turn translator adjustment A of the probe with a Vs ball driver see Figure 6 6 Take another run using the lt F9 gt key If the mean velocities are closer to each other rotate adjustment A in the same direction If the mean velocities are further apart rotate adjustment A in the opposite
8. em 5 13 6 1 Typical Configuration for a Three Axis System System 6 2 6 2 Calibration Wheel Orientation Shown for Measuring Fringe Spacing in the Vertical Plane occccoooncccninionnnnninnonos 6 4 6 3 Calibration Wheel Alternate Orientation for Measuring Fringe Spacing in the Horizontal Plane eseese 6 6 6 4 Model 10937A Calibration Disk Orientation for AGJUSUMENE Axa nn een deine ness 6 8 6 5 Translator Adjustment for A and B side view 6 9 6 6 Translator Adjustment A and B back view 6 10 6 7 Model 10937A Calibration Disk Orientation for Adjustment Bi 2 m adela tate 6 11 C 1 Installing the Beam Expander u ssssesssennsenneennennn nn C 2 D 1 Mounting Location for Model TR360 5 Beam Probe D 2 D 2 Mounting Locations for the Model TR360 5 Beam Fiberoptic Probe with Model XPD60 Beam Expander D 3 E 1 Effect of Dissimilar Polarity Orientation on Fringe CONTA ad daa here E 2 E 2 Effect of Elliptical Polarization on Fringe Contrast E 3 F 1 Fiber Polishins anne en asp F 3 Tables 2 1 Packing List for the Model TR360 5 Beam Fiberoptic Contents 3 1 Recommended Configurations for Three and Two Component ProbesS ccooccccccnnocnnocnnoconcnnnccnnccnucanacanoso A 1 Specifications for Model TR360 5 Beam Probe and A 2 Specifications for Model TR360 5 Beam Probe with A 3 Specifications for Model TR360 5 Beam Probe with A 4 Specifica
9. fiber polishing supplies F 1 fiberlight input shutter 3 1 fiberlight multicolor beam generator xi 1 1 1 3 3 1 3 2 3 4 3 6 3 7 G 2 fiberoptic couplers 3 2 Model CPL2001 3 1 fiberoptic probe G 2 flat window measurements 4 1 4 3 4 6 FLOWSIZER software 1 1 focal distance 4 4 A 1 A 7 focusing lens B 1 C 1 C 3 focusing optics 1 3 focusing ring 3 2 G 2 fringe contrast 5 2 E 1 E 3 G 2 fringe pattern G 2 fringe spacing 4 1 A 1 A 7 G 2 fringes 1 4 4 4 5 3 A 1 A 7 B 2 E 1 G 2 G geometrical optics 4 2 H half angle 4 4 A 1 A 7 help xi I incident beams 4 3 4 9 included angle 4 3 intersection angle 4 1 J K junction box 3 5 3 6 3 7 L laser 1 3 3 1 3 3 5 2 5 5 5 9 5 12 7 2 7 3 E 4 G 2 G 3 classification v laser beams 3 8 4 1 4 3 5 5 5 7 5 9 5 12 5 14 G 1 G 2 laser Doppler velocimeter G 2 see LDV System laser light 3 8 4 4 5 5 G 1 G 2 laser power meter E 4 G 2 laser safety 5 2 5 7 5 12 advisory labels vi precautions v protective glasses v when aligning v laser spot 5 6 LDV system xi 1 2 1 3 3 1 4 1 4 8 5 1 5 3 7 1 B 3 C 3 E 1 lenses cleaning 7 1 7 4 B 3 linear polarizer E 1 E 2 E 4 G 2 M maintaining the probe 7 1 manual about it xi manual history iii masking reflections 4 8 measurement under water 1 3 measurement volume 1 3 1 4 Coincidence of 5 1 Viewing 5 3 5 5 5 6 B 2 measuring confi
10. horizontal plane The procedure for calibration is the same as above Cleaning and Maintaining the Probe 6 5 6 6 Figure 6 3 Calibration Wheel Alternate Orientation for Measuring Fringe Spacing in the Horizontal Plane Positioning the Center Beam Adjustment A Follow these steps to align the probe 1 If not already done create a new Experiment to record calibration data into Refer to Chapter 1 of the Phase Doppler Analyzer PDPA Laser Doppler Velocimeter LDV Operations Manual for more details on this Create a new Run by selecting Run New Run or by pressing lt F11 gt Set the PMT voltage to 350 V Turn the laser power down to 250 mW 2 Position the probe on the mounts with the green and violet beam pairs in the vertical plane Note The following steps move the center beam into the same plane as the outer green and violet beams Model TR360 5 Beam Fiberoptic Probe 3 Position the calibration disk such that the beam crossing is at the center of the wheel There is a small hole at the center of the disk to help you with this alignment Figure 6 4 4 Turn the motor on 5 Turn the vertical adjustment knob see Figure 6 4 to raise the disk so the beams are on the mirrored portion of the measuring area Bounce the outer green and outer violet beams directly back on each other by adjusting the tilt screws on the base of the calibration disk and by rotating the entire calibration disk assembly Keep the measure
11. use the following techniques to reduce the effect of the lens and to increase the signal strength QO Build a sealed box see Figure 4 2 with a flat glass window to fit on the glass pipe The window and pipe do not have to be made Model TR360 5 Beam Fiberoptic Probe of the same material Fill the box with a fluid that has the same or very similar index of refraction as the test section fluid This minimizes the lensing effect of the test section wall U Keep the test section walls as thin as possible However with some applications this may not be possible QO Match the refractive index of the test section and box fluids with the refractive index of the test section wall as closely as possible Box Fluid With Same Refraction Index as Test Section Fluid Y Test Section Fluid Flat Window Test Section Wall Figure 4 2 Technique to Minimize the Effect of a Curved Test Section Window Special Considerations for the Model TR360 5 Beam Probe Measurements through Curved Windows When making measurements through a cylindrical wndow with the Model TR360 5 Beam probe you need to consider the following points It is necessary to build an index matching chamber as described earlier It is also best to keep test section walls thin and match refractive indices as closely as possible Also it is necessary that the probe is operated with the plane of the green and violet beams parallel to the axis
12. users are deemed to have accepted this LIMITATION OF WARRANTY AND LIABILITY which contains the complete and exclusive limited warranty of Seller This LIMITATION OF WARRANTY AND LIABILITY may not be amended modified or its terms waived except by writing signed by an Officer of Seller Knowing that inoperative or defective instruments are as detrimental to TSI as they are to our customers our service policy is designed to give prompt attention to any problems If any malfunction is discovered please contact your nearest sales office or representative or call TSI at 1 800 874 2811 USA or 651 490 2811 Laser Safety This section gives UA Safety instructions to promote safe and proper use of the Model TR360 5 Beam Fiberoptic Probe UA Samples of warnings found in this manual and UA Labels attached to the probe The use of controls adjustments or procedures other than those specified within this manual may result in exposure to hazardous optical radiation Harmful levels of radiation are emitted from the aperture of the probe Never look into the end of the probe or point the probe in the direction of other people Laser Safety Precautions The Model TR360 5 Beam Fiberoptic Probe is a Class IV laser based instrument The argon ion or helium neon laser used with the probe is potentially dangerous To control the danger you must take the following precautions when setting up and operating the probe Always wear prote
13. 0 Signal Processor Model PDM1000 Photodetector Module Manual P N 1990013 Getting Help To report damaged or missing parts for service information or technical or application questions contact TSI Incorporated 500 Cardigan Road Shoreview MN 55126 USA Fax 651 490 3824 Telephone 1 800 874 2811 USA or 651 490 281 1 E mail Address technical service tsi com Web site service tsi com xi Submitting Comments TSI values your comments and suggestions on this manual Please use the comment sheet on the last page of this manual to send us your opinion on the manual s usability to suggest specific improvements or to report any technical errors If the comment sheet has already been used mail your comments on another sheet of paper to TSI Incorporated 500 Cardigan Road Shoreview MN 55126 Fax 651 490 3824 E mail fluidOtsi com xii Model TR360 5 Beam Fiberoptic Probe CHAPTER 1 Overview This chapter gives an overview of the Model TR360 5 Beam Fiberoptic Probe by discussing the following topics UA The relationship of the 5 Beam Fiberoptic Probe with other components of a typical Laser Doppler Velocimetry LDV system UA The design of the 5 Beam Fiberoptic Probe Note A printout of the final checkout including the fringe spacing for each color is found at the front of the manual and in Appendix A of this manual Fiberoptic Probes and Other LDV System Components The Model TR360 5 Beam
14. 2 Table A 2 Probe Dimensions Length mm 618 Diameter mm 82 30 Cable Diameter mm 10 2 Weight kg 5 0 Wavelength nm Probe Beam Diameter mm Probe Beam Spacing mm Lens Focal Distance mm Lens Focal Length mm Lens Diameter mm Numerical Aperture Beam Crossing Half Angle Kappa deg On Axis Half Angle a B deg Measurement Volume Diameter um Measurement Volume Length mm Fringe Spacing pm Number of Fringes To the 1 e 2 points A values shown are nominal Model TR360 5 Beam Fiberoptic Probe 514 5 1 8 25 0 122 1 135 0 61 5 23 5 31 5 31 54 2 78 19 488 1 8 50 0 122 1 135 0 61 5 23 10 67 52 1 32 39 Specifications for Model TR360 5 Beam Probe with Model TLNO6 120 Lens 476 5 1 8 25 0 122 1 135 0 61 5 23 5 31 5 31 50 2 57 19 Table A 3 Specifications for Model TR360 5 Beam Probe with Model TLNO6 350 Lens Probe Dimensions Length mm 618 Diameter mm 82 30 Cable Diameter mm 10 2 Weight kg 5 0 Wavelength nm Probe Beam Diameter mm Probe Beam Spacing mm Lens Focal Distance mm Lens Focal Length mm Lens Diameter mm Numerical Aperture Beam Crossing Half Angle Kappa deg On Axis Half Angle a B deg Measurement Volume Diameter um Measurement Volume Length mm Fringe Spacing pm Number of Fringes To the 1 e 2 points A values shown are nominal Specifications 514 5 1 8 25 0 3
15. 50 0 362 9 61 5 08 1 97 1 97 145 4 2 7 47 19 488 1 8 50 0 350 0 362 9 61 5 08 3 95 137 2 0 3 54 39 476 5 1 8 25 0 350 0 362 9 61 5 08 1 97 1 97 134 3 9 6 92 19 A 3 A 4 Table A 4 Probe Dimensions Length mm 618 Diameter mm 82 30 Cable Diameter mm 10 2 Weight kg 5 0 Wavelength nm Probe Beam Diameter mm Probe Beam Spacing mm Lens Focal Distance mm Lens Focal Length mm Lens Diameter mm Numerical Aperture Beam Crossing Half Angle Kappa deg On Axis Half Angle a B deg Measurement Volume Diameter um Measurement Volume Length mm Fringe Spacing pm Number of Fringes To the 1 e 2 points A values shown are nominal Model TR360 5 Beam Fiberoptic Probe 514 5 1 8 25 0 500 0 512 8 61 5 06 1 40 1 40 205 8 4 10 55 19 488 1 8 50 0 500 0 512 8 61 5 06 2 79 195 4 0 5 00 39 Specifications for Model TR360 5 Beam Probe with Model TLNO6 500 Lens 476 5 1 8 25 0 500 0 512 8 61 5 06 1 40 1 40 190 7 8 9 77 19 Table A 5 Specifications for Model TR360 5 Beam Probe with Model XPD60 Beam Expander and Model TLN15 450 Lens Probe Dimensions Length mm Diameter mm Cable Diameter mm Weight kg Wavelength nm Probe Beam Diameter mm Probe Beam Spacing mm Beam Expansion Resultant Beam Diameter mm Resultant Beam Spacing mm Lens Focal Distance m
16. Connector Port for Receiving Fiber Handling the Probe All optics should be handled with care fiberoptic probes require some additional care Bending the fibers through too small a radius or crushing them are the common causes of damage Follow these precautions when handling the fiberoptic probe 1 Do not bend the small cable which contains the individual fibers through less than a5 cm 2 in radius 2 Do not bend the large cable which contains all the fibers bend it by not less than a 10 cm 4 in radius coil it in no less than an 20 em 8 in radius 3 When coiling and uncoiling the cable avoid fighting the cable s natural tendency to twist Rotating the probe as you coil the cable may help 4 Do not shake or drop either the probe or cables 5 Do not drop the connectors attached to Model CPL2001 Couplers or scrape the end of the connectors against any solid object The end of a connector when the black aluminum cap is removed has exposed fiber that could be damaged Installing and Handling the Probe 3 11 CHAPTER 4 Working with Windows and Confined Fluids This chapter discusses factors you need to consider and adjustments you need to make when measuring fluids that are contained in test sections with flat and curved windows The last part of this chapter also discusses how to mask reflections Measuring Confined Fluids When measuring confined flows such as flows through pipes and tunnels the la
17. E 1 Effect of Dissimilar Polarity Orientation on Fringe Contrast Elliptical Polarity This section discusses the effect of elliptical polarity on fringe contrast Ellipticity is a measure of how much power is in the major and minor axes 90 to each other and the phase shift between them When two beams have similar ellipticity the fringe contrast value is nearly one However since fibers tend not to hold the exact ellipticity polarity varies with cable position and temperature changes Note The fibers do hold linear polarity coupled in along the fibers fast axis Figure E 2 shows the fringe contrast degradation in a typical case where one beam remains linear while the other beam becomes elliptical The fringe contrast degrades gradually with increasing ellipticity Model TR360 5 Beam Fiberoptic Probe Beam Polarizations 1 2 b 1 0 a E Y lt E Zz O O 0 0 0 5 1 0 15 a2 b 2 Figure E 2 Effect of Elliptical Polarization on Fringe Contrast Checking Beam Polarity To check beam polarity refer to Chapter 5 in this manual The instructions tell you how to use a Model 10936 Microscope Objective and the Model 10901A Polarization Axis Finder to visually check polarization The orientation of the hourglass pattern seen through the polarization finder shows the angle of polarity between the two beams You can also use the polarization finder to estimate the ellipticity by checking the contrast of the d
18. ENDIX C Installing an XPD60 Beam Expander This appendix gives instructions on how to assemble the Model XPD60 Beam Expander on the Model TR360 5 beam probe Please check the beam crossing of your TR360 probe before installing the beam expander as it is easier to correct with the beam expander off Note A special probe adapter is needed for the Model TR360 It has cutouts which allow access to the front end beam steering of the probe A fiberoptic probe when used with the Model XPD60 Beam Expander does not use its own focusing lens As the collimated beams exit the probe the beam expander increases the beam s diameter and spacing These beams are collimated again as they exit the beam expander The TLN15 series focusing lens in front of the beam expander focuses and crosses the beams again Installing the Beam Expander Refer to Figure C 1 as you read the following installation instructions 1 Stand the Model XPD60 Beam Expander the large end down on a flat surface 2 Separate the probe adapter from the Model XPD60 Beam Expander by removing the six 6 32 x 3 sockethead capscrews Remove the two feet from the probe Slide the probe adapter onto the probe and over the cable as shown in Figure C 1 Orient the probe adapter so that the cutouts line up with the beam steering slots of the probe 5 Slide the wave spring washer over the fiber probe followed by the adapter ring Attach the adapter ring to the fiber probe
19. Fiberoptic Probe is one part of an integrated modular LDV system Its function is to transmit the laser beams to form the measurement volume and to collect the light scattered by the particles traveling in the measurement volume making a three component measurement of velocity In TSI s LDV system it is located between the fiberlight Multicolor Beam Generator and the PDM Photodetector Module As shown in Figure 1 1 light from an argon ion laser is separated by the fiberlight into blue green and violet beams These transmitting beams are linked to the probe through fibers that connect to the Model CPL2001 Fiber Couplers on the fiberlight The scattered light from the particles is collected by the probe through a single multi mode receiving fiber which is connected to the PDM In the PDM the light is separated by colors and converted to electrical signals These signals are sent to a signal processor which extracts frequency data from the signals The data is then analyzed and displayed through the FLOWSIZER Data Acquisition and Analysis Software FSA and PDM Model TR360 5 Beam Probe Figure 1 1 The 5 Beam Probe in an LDV System 1 2 Model TR360 5 Beam Fiberoptic Probe Design and Function of the Probe The Model TR360 5 Beam Fiberoptic Probe is the sensor for the LDV system It is a versatile optical component that can make depending on how it is configured two or three component velocity measur
20. Fluid Mechanics Model TR360 5 Beam Fiberoptic Probe Owner s Manual P N 1990580 Revision A June 2007 TSI Manual History The following is a manual history of the Model TR360 5 Beam Fiberoptic Probe Owner s Manual Part Number 1990580 Revision Date A June 2007 iii Part Number Copyright Address Fax No E mail Address Limitation of Warranty and Liability effective July 2000 Service Policy Warranty 1990580 Revision A June 2007 O TSI Incorporated 2007 All rights reserved TSI Incorporated 500 Cardigan Road Shoreview MN 55126 USA 651 490 3824 fluidOtsi com Seller warrants the goods sold hereunder under normal use and service as described in the operator s manual shall be free from defects in workmanship and material for 12 months or the length of time specified in the operator s manual from the date of shipment to the customer This warranty period is inclusive of any statutory warranty This limited warranty is subject to the following exclusions a Hot wire or hot film sensors used with research anemometers and certain other components when indicated in specifications are warranted for 90 days from the date of shipment b Parts repaired or replaced as a result of repair services are warranted to be free from defects in workmanship and material under normal use for 90 days from the date of shipment c Seller does not provide any warranty on finished goods manufactu
21. N 1 00 index of refraction of air N 1 52 index of refraction of glass Nf 1 32 index of refraction of water then No si Ky sin asin ka l 7 73 w N si Kp sin Nasin ta 8 91 Nf and the new distance from the lens is A A EN o PO dy ae tan Kf tan Kr tan Kr Special Considerations for Model TR360 5 Beam Probe Measurements through Flat Windows into Water This section discusses some special considerations to note when making measurements through a flat window with a Model TR360 5 Beam Probe As described in the previous section the fringe spacing stays the same regardless of the index of refraction of the fluid Nf This is because of proportional changes in Ar and xg The following equation demonstrates this Ay _ ASIN Ay 2sink 2sink N 2sink dp Working With Windows and Confined Fluids 4 5 This also holds true for each beam pair in a 5 Beam probe dy dy So the fringe spacing calculated by the FLOWSIZER software or entered in the field if the probe was calibrated is correct regardless of the index of refraction of the fluids As long as the values entered are all correct for air water or whatever fluid the fringe spacing remains constant as you move into a different fluid However the value of the Dual Beam to On Axis Angle also referred to as 04 and 0 in Appendix E changes as you enter a fluid of differing index of refraction and is not compensated for by a change
22. S SS SS Le au Eea SS SS X WA i Polarization Rotator B eam Combination Optics Center Beam Center Beam Displacement Prism 1 4 Figure 1 2 Cutaway View of a 5 Beam Fiberoptic Probe The top and bottom outside beams measure the vertical velocity component and the left right and center beams measure the two horizontal velocity components See Chapter 3 and Table 3 1 for details As shown in Figure 1 2 the two beams that form the center beam are combined by a dichroic coated surface These beams must overlap and cross to form a single center beam Since both the center beam and the receiving fiber must run through the center of the probe and on the optical axis the receiving fiber is placed in the center while the collimated center Model TR360 5 Beam Fiberoptic Probe beam is transmitted through the probe near the outside wall between the two other transmitted beams The center beam is then brought to the center using a rhomboid prism which is housed in an extension between the probe body and the transmitting lens The polarization rotator included in the rhomboid assembly rotates the polarization 45 to get the best possible fringe contrast in the measurement volume Each of the five beams then passes through a pair of steering wedges By rotation of the wedges all the beams are made to cross at the measurement volu
23. U Fiber Polishing Kit U Optical Accessories Focusing Lens A range of interchangeable focusing lenses is available for the 5 Beam probe All have threaded mounts and screw on and off Since all focusing lenses are high quality achromats you do not need to recheck the alignment after changing focusing lenses Table B 1 lists the focal length of the lenses recommended for use with the TR360 5 Beam probe used alone and with the XPD60 beam expander Other lenses are available but their use results in relatively poor on axis measurement resolution and low data rate due to the large f Table B 1 Focusing Lenses for Model TR360 5 Beam Probe Focal Focusing Lens Length Probe Model Size Model Number mm TR360 83mm TLNO6 120 135 0 TLNO6 250 261 3 TLNO6 350 362 6 TR360 with XPD60 190 mm TLN15 450 453 3 Beam Expander TLN15 750 733 5 Focal Distance is the distance to focus from the last surface of the lens Values listed are for nominal 514 5nm Beam Expander The Model XPD60 Beam Expander is available for Model TR360 5 beam probe It is a 2 6X expander with a collection aperture of 155 mm It attaches directly to the 83 mm probe and is useful for longer standoff applications Mounts are available for the probe beam expander combination Specifications for one probe with beam expanders and various size beam spacers are given in Appendix A Instructions on how to assemble the beam expander onto the probe are given in A
24. aperture N A of the focusing lens and how deep the measuring volume penetrates into the fluid medium severe aberrations can occur when the probe is tilted off the perpendicular axis As a general rule the following can all cause greater aberrations which can result in beams uncrossing and significantly less scattered light collected by receiving optics e greater tilt from perpendicular e larger N A of focusing lens e deeper penetration into the fluid The fundamental equation from Snell s law is N sin k N sin 6 1 Model TR360 5 Beam Fiberoptic Probe where N refractive index of the medium x half the included angle between a laser beam pair Window Probe Axis or Optical Axis Figure 4 1 Geometry of a Flat Window and Probe Lens From equation 1 it follows that Na sin ky N sin k Nysin Kr 2 where N refractive index of the medium between the transmitting lens and the window usually air N 1 N refractive index of the window for common glass N 1 52 for cast acrylic Plexiglas N 1 49 N refractive index of the fluid for water Ny 1 32 K angle of the incident beam to the optical axis K angle of the beam within the window to the optical axis angle of the beam within the fluid to the optical axis Therefore as the refractive index increases the angle that the beam makes with the normal to the interface decreases Note too that xy is independent of the window thickness ind
25. ark hourglass pattern with the bright area If the hourglass pattern is not dark it may indicate a tilt between the beam pair or ellipticity on one or both beams Effects of Incorrect and or Unstable Polarization E 3 E 4 A more accurate means of measuring ellipticity is by using a linear polarizer camera type and a laser power meter Place the linear polarizer in a low power beam Set up the power meter to measure the light transmitted by the polarizer Rotate the polarizer and record the maximum and minimum transmission If Imax and Imin are the maximum and minimum power respectively then the extinction ratio R is R Imin Imax Model TR360 5 Beam Fiberoptic Probe APPENDIX F Fiber Polishing Supplies This appendix describes how to clean or repolish the transmitting fibers used in TSI fiberoptic probes The fiber end can be fouled which reduces the transmission efficiency by acting like a neutral density filter Water cooled lasers produce several Watts of power and when this amount of light is focused down to a 4 pm diameter spot incredibly high light intensity exists If this highly intense region of light remains on the fiber there is no problem as it is passed along the fiber and out the probe But if material other than the actual core of the fiber is exposed to this highly intense region of light scorching and thermal damage will result Foreign material then deposits on the fiber end and acts as a neutral densit
26. art of both the transmitting and receiving optics Coupling Light The process of focusing a laser beam into a fiber core In TSI system this is done with the Model CPL2001 Coupler Cross Stream Direction The direction that is normal to the main flow direction Doppler Frequency The frequency of the periodic component of the Doppler signal in an LDV system after frequency shifting is subtracted This portion of the Doppler signal is proportional to the particle velocity Doppler Frequency Particle Velocity normal to the fringes Fringe Spacing Doppler Signal A signal generated by the passage of a particle through the measurement volume of an LDV system with the light frequency altered due to the Doppler effect A Doppler signal is obtained at the output of the photodetector in the LDV system Fiber Alignment Check Cable A one meter fiberoptic cable that is used to check the position of the receiving fiber in the probe Fiberoptic Probe Part of an LDV system Transmits the laser beams to form the measurement volume and collects the light scattered by the particles traveling in the measurement volume Focusing Ring An adjustment feature located on the top of the Model CPL2001 Fiber Coupler and used to adjust the focus of the laser beam Fringe Contrast Th
27. at a reasonable distance from the objective to clearly view the expanded image 4 Hold the Model 10901A Polarization Axis Finder in the path of the beam between the screen and the objective observe the image The beam should pass through the center of the axis finder 5 2 Model TR360 5 Beam Fiberoptic Probe The axis line of symmetry of the dark hourglass or X shape indicates the direction of polarity in the beam The pattern s degree of contrast indicates the degree of polarization Figure 5 1 shows vertical polarity Figure 5 1 Checking Beam Polarity B Checking Beam Crossing The beams of an LDV system must intersect at the measurement point To check this crossing do the following 1 Place the microscope objective near the focal point of the transmitting lens 2 Project the beam crossing image onto a surface at least 3 feet away 3 Move the objective back and forth in the beam path through the measurement volume beam crossing and observe the beam crossing The beams should intersect accurately as the objective moves through the crossing point Figure 5 2 Each beam pair should cross by 80 of its diameter minimum is 50 Figure 5 3 If the beams cross by less than 80 the number of fringes decrease and the size of the measurement volume changes If they cross by less than 50 signal loss is significant Check which beams are not aligned the outer four beams or the center beam and then refer to
28. be Note The power may initially decrease but you should be able to recover all the lost power when adjusting the coarse adjustment knobs 3 Turn the two course adjustment knobs adjusting each for maximum power 4 Repeat substeps 2 and 3 until further iteration yields no additional power 5 Adjust the fine adjustment knobs to maximize the power throughput Repeat steps 2 3 and 5 until further iteration yields no additional power Turn the coupler s Shutter to the closed position 6 Using a laser power meter measure the output power for each beam coming out of the fiberoptic probe To calculate the transmission efficiency of the couplers and the fiberoptic probe divide the output power for each beam at the fiberoptic probe by the input power from the top of the coupler Expect an efficiency of 40 to 50 Note TSI recommends using a laser power meter to measure the light output Use the meter to help maximize the light throughput during the final coupling steps See your meter s instruction manual for details Figure 3 6 illustrates what happens when light is correctly and incorrectly coupled into the fiber A full featured power meter is available from TSI Model 900702 100 240 V 7 Repeat steps 2 through 6 for other couplers 8 Turn all the coupler s attenuators to the Open position 9 Use a microscope objective see Chapter 5 to project the beams onto a screen Translate the microscope objective parallel to the pr
29. ber cables are above the probe cable and the label faces up Note In the following steps unscrew the connector cap from the end of the each fiber connector before performing each step When screwing the connectors to the couplers make sure that the polarization aligning screw is aligned with the slot in the connector on top of the coupler as shown in Figure 3 4 3 Screw the blue white probe connector to the Coupler marked 488 nm on the shifted side 4 Screw the blue probe connector to the Coupler marked 488 nm on the unshifted side 5 Screw the violet white probe connector to the Coupler marked 476 nm on the shifted side 6 Screw the green probe connector to the Coupler marked 514 nm on the unshifted side 7 Screw the violet red probe connector to the Coupler marked 476 nm on the unshifted side 8 Screw the green white red probe connector to the Coupler marked 514 nm on the shifted side 3 6 Model TR360 5 Beam Fiberoptic Probe Blue Shifted Green Shifted Geen ee Violet Unshifted Unshifted Violet Shifted Unshifted Violet Unshifted Blue Blue Unshifted red violet blue connector ee KX Unshifted Green green connector To PDM Shifted Green red white green connector Shifted Blue blue white connector Shifted Violet violet white connector Figure 3 5 Connecting the TR360 Probe in a Three Component Configuration Connecting the TR360 Probe in a Tw
30. city Directions As mentioned earlier the 5 beam probe is flexible enough to allow you to set it up in a two component or three component configuration Table 3 1 lists the recommended connections for probes configured for three and two component measurements With the 3 component configuration recommended in Table 3 1 the positive velocity direction of the green and violet beams must be in the same direction The positive velocity direction is in the direction of the unshifted beam to shifted beam as they exit the probe For example for channel 2 blue the positive velocity direction is upward Depending on the direction of the flow in your application you then select the magnitude of the frequency shift through the FLOWSIZER software Downmix Frequency setting Table 3 1 Recommended Configurations for Three and Two Component Probes Probe Connector Beam 3 Component 2 Component Color Position Configuration Configuration Blue connector Top Blue Beam 488 Blue Beam 488 with white O rings Shifted Shifted Blue connector Bottom Blue Beam 488 Blue Beam 488 Unshifted Unshifted Violet connector Left Violet Beam 476 Green Beam 514 with white O rings Shifted Shifted Green connector Right Green Beam 514 Green Beam 514 Unshifted Unshifted Violet connector Center Violet Beam 476 Not Used with red O rings Unshifted Green connector Center Green Beam 514 Not Used with red and white Shif
31. components Since the dual beam to on axis angles also referred to as 04 and 0p are very small with a 5 Beam probe small errors in 04 and 0 lead to large errors in the on axis velocity component calculations For this reason measuring these angles using the Model 10935 Optical Axis Protractor described in Appendix EJ is not adequate The Model 10937A LDV Calibration Disk is a more accurate means of setting the Dual Beam to On Axis angles 0 and 0p In the 5 beam probe the center beam contains both the violet and green beams The dual beam to on axis angles 04 and 0p are always equal in magnitude See Appendix A and Appendix E for a discussion of this See also Figure 6 1 Your probe has been calibrated at TSI Printed on one side of the probe junction box is the fringe spacing value dp for each wavelength using the TLNO6 250 lens These values fringe spacing and 6 and 0p should remain valid for the life of the probe unless you have significantly steered the green and violet beams Nominal values for 04 and 0 are sufficient for most customers and are shown in Appendix A The motor that drives the calibration wheel is 110V 10 50 60 Hz There is no 220V version available Power use is approximately 100W A step down transformer can be used to bring the voltage within specifications The alignment procedure outlined below is designed to do the following U Assure that the center beam is in the same plane as the outer g
32. ctive glasses when working with the probe Exposure to laser beams without protective glasses could cause permanent eye damage U Never look directly into laser beams Observe laser beams from an angle and in the direction in which the beam is traveling OU Align the probe using the lowest possible laser power Q Never point the probe at anyone It could cause severe skin burns and permanent eye damage Since the potential for damage is the same never aim the probe at a mirror or a polished surface Q When aligning the probe project the laser beams onto a fire proof paper at a spot away from traffic areas U Do not remove any parts of the probe unless you are specifically instructed in this manual QO Operate the laser in a closed room and only with people who have been instructed in laser safety UA Do not use the laser near combustible materials Q Post laser warning signs outside the laser area Labels Advisory labels and identification labels are attached to the probe The following figure shows the various labels and their locations on the probe Label 1 Label as VISIBLE AND OR INVISIBLI LASER LIGHT IS EMITTED 4 FROM THIS APERTURE AVOID EXPOSURE Label 1 Caution Probe is not watertight Label 2 TS 500 Cardigan Road St Paul MN 55126 This product complies with 21 CFR 1040 Bureau of Radio log
33. d www tsi com www tsiinc co uk www tsiinc fr www tsiinc de www tsi se Printed in U S A TSI
34. direction Continue until channels 1 and 3 mean velocities are essentially equal Note that the translator has about five total turns of adjustment in each direction of travel Save the data when finished for your records Cleaning and Maintaining the Probe 6 9 6 10 1 8 Ball Driver in Translator Adjustment B 1 8 Ball Driver in Translator a Adjustment A O Back View of the Probe j an TSI Logo Probe shown with Green and Violet Beams in Vertical Pair Figure 6 6 Translator Adjustment A and B back view Positioning the Center Beam Adjustment B Note The following steps position the center beam exactly between the outer green and outer violet beams making 6 Op 1 Now change the Wheel Motor mounting that shown in Figure 6 7 This is the same configuration as was used to calibrate the beam pair fringe spacings earlier Figure 6 2 2 Create a new run and then set the Downmix Frequency to the following values Processor 1 Green 40 MHz Processor 2 Blue 395 MHz Processor 3 Violet 40 MHz Model TR360 5 Beam Fiberoptic Probe Vertical Beam Pair Figure 6 7 Model 10937A Calibration Disk Orientation for Adjustment B 3 Press lt F9 gt function key again The statistics screen that appears shows V as the magnitude of the On Axis component Our goal is to get the V value as close to zero as possible When this is true a A1 Not
35. e The following step involves an iterative process of successive 4 adjustments to the translator adjustment B until V is as close to zero as possible If V is not close to zero rotate the translator adjustment B Figures 6 7 Take another run using the lt F9 gt key Observe whether V grows closer to zero or further away Rotate translator appropriately and take another sample Repeat Step 4 until V is close to zero The calibration is then complete Save your final data for future reference Replace the 10 32 buttonhead screws when the calibration is complete Repeat the procedure any time the green or violet beams have been steered Cleaning and Maintaining the Probe 6 11 CHAPTER 7 Cleaning and Maintaining the Probe This chapter discusses how to maintain and clean the fiberoptic probe The following topics are discussed Regular Maintenance Cleaning Guidelines Cleaning Fiber Ends Cleaning Large Lenses and Straight Flat Surfaces Cleaning Small Lenses Cleaning Submersible Probes DODOO O Regular Maintenance As part of regular maintenance do the following O Clean the front lens of the probe regularly especially if the environment in which it is operating is dirty U Always keep the connectors on the end of the probe covered with the black aluminum caps when they are not connected to the Model CPL2001 Fiberoptic Couplers This prevents dust from settling on the ends of the fibers
36. e Accessory Kit coocooccncccccnoconcnnconcnncnnrnnncnnos B 2 OptiCS ACCESSONIES sinssecien ia B 3 APPENDIX C Installing an XPD60 Beam Expander C 1 Installing the Beam Expander occooccncccncccniccnnccnnccnnacnnacnnncnnn C 1 Checking the Beam Alignment oocccnccnncnnnconiconicinicinaninnncnns C 3 APPENDIX D Designing Your Own Probe Mounts D 1 Mounting Model TR360 5 Beam Probe occcncccnccnnocnnicnnicnnn D 1 Mounting Model TR360 5 Beam Probe with Model XPD60 Beam Exp ander nannte nen nahen D 2 APPENDIX E Effects of Incorrect and or Unstable Polarization ccceccceccccccccccccscccecccececscecscececssessses E 1 Polarization Effects in LDV oooocccnnccnnnncononocnnnncnnnnrcnnnacnnnnoss E 1 APPENDIX F Fiber Polishing Supplies sesesesseees F 1 Cleaning the Fiber EndS sense sa F 1 Repolishing the Fiber Ends u ssssssn nennen nennen F 2 APPENDIX G Glossary cssccccscccccccccscccccccccccccccsceceees G 1 Index Figures viii 1 Advisory and Warning Labels on the Model TR360 5 Beam Probe ones nee gra vi 1 1 The 5 Beam Probe in an LDV SysteM ooccccconoconoconicanicnnines 1 2 1 2 Cutaway View of a 5 Beam Fiberoptic Probe 1 4 3 1 Adjustment Knobs on the Model CPL2001 Coupler 3 2 3 2 Setting the Adjustment Knobs to Mid Range on Model CPL2001 Couplers a ne in rnr ann e a iia 3 3 3 3 Inserti
37. e burst intensity optional and sends the signals to a signal processor Neutral Density Filter A tool used to reduce the intensity of the laser beam to allow working with a lower light level when aligning the fiberlight Nonreflective Screen A flat nonglossy material that can be used to project laser beams when aligning an LDV system Photomultiplier Tube A photo tube that converts light energy to electrical energy As part of an LDV system it is located in the PDM Polarization 00 The orientation of the electric field vector of an electromagnetic wave laser beam In TSI systems the electric vector is linear Probe AXIS sciig The optical axis of the laser beams This axis is parallel to the center axis of the probe Receiving Fiber Transmits the collected scattered light from the probe to the PDM Receiving Optics Optical components used for collecting scattered light G 2 Model TR360 5 Beam Fiberoptic Probe Seeding 4us 244442ars Ha Standoff Distance Coupler Knob Transmitting Fiber Transmitting Optics Traverse System Particles that are used to scatter light in an LDV system The distance from the front edge of the probe to the measurement volume A fine o
38. e contrast between the dark and bright fringes that are generated when two laser beams cross See Fringe Pattern Fringe Pattern An interference pattern consisting of dark and bright fringes generated by the crossing of two laser beams of a dual beam LDV system Fringe Spacing The distance between two adjacent bright fringes Laser Doppler Velocimeter A device that measures the velocity of a fluid flow from the Doppler shift in the frequency of laser light scattered by the particles in the fluid Laser Power Meter A device that measures the power in a laser beam Linear Polarizer An optical element that passes only one axis of polarity Microscope Objective A device that expands and projects a laser beam onto a screen to check the beam crossing of two or more beams Model XPD60 Beam Expander A device that attaches to a fiberoptic probe to expand the beam diameter Useful for increasing stand off distance Also used to reduce the measuring volume size and to increase signal quality fiberlight Multicolor Beam Generator eerie Part of TSI s LDV system it provides color separation beam splitting and frequency shifting PDM Photodetector Module Part of TSI s LDV system Receives light scattered by particles in a flow separates this light by color converts to electrical signals measures th
39. e fiber using about 30 figure eight strokes Move the jig slightly across the lapping film with each stroke so that the ferrule rubs against some new sections of the film on each stroke Figure F 1 Model TR360 5 Beam Fiberoptic Probe 5 Make 1 short 1 cm stroke lightly across an optical wipe laid on top of the lapping film Screw the protective cap on the connector Figure F 1 Fiber Polishing Fiber Polishing F 3 APPENDIX G Glossary Alignment Masks A mask used as a target for steering the beams in a fiberlight Multicolor Beam Generator Alignment Pins Guide pins for mounting a coupler on the fiberlight Multicolor Beam Generator Beam Shutter A switch located at the bottom of the Model CPL2001 Fiber Coupler that transmits or blocks the laser light entering the coupler Beam Crossing The region where the laser beams of an LDV system intersect Also referred to as the measurement volume The measurement volume is defined by the 1 e points Gaussian profile of the intersecting beams Beam Spacer A component used to alter the spacing between two beams Collimated Bean A laser beam with beam divergence controlled to the desired degree Color Separator A device used to separate the laser light into different wavelengths located as p
40. eer the beams 1 Determine which beam or beams need to be steered To avoid steering the receiving fiber always make the minimum beam steering adjustments as possible 2 Loosen the locking screws for the wedges of the beam to be steered See Figure 5 6 for the screw locations 3 Rotate the wedges slightly and see the relative motion of each beam as each wedge is rotated Steer the beam into the crossing Checking the Alignment of the Probe 5 7 bd Beam Steering Module Figure 5 5 Steering Adjustment Locations Locking Screws for Wedge Adjustment 5 places U U N o o A Slots for Wedge Steering Adjustment Center Holes Have Lock Screws Remove Cover to Access 5 Places Center Beam Steering Figure 5 6 Screw Locations 4 Place the microscope objective in the crossing Check if all the beams are crossing by moving the microscope objective back and forth You may also find it useful to block some beams to see more clearly the crossing of a particular beam pair 5 Tighten the locking screws Repeat Steps 2 5 for other beams that need to be steered You are done when all the beams are crossing well If you have steered a number of beams you should also check the position Model TR360 5 Beam Fiberoptic P
41. ements Like conventional probes it is designed to combine the focusing and receiving optics in one compact unit to allow you to reposition the measurement volume without moving the entire LDV system However unlike conventional three component fiberoptic probes the 5 beam probe can be used singly without an additional probe to make three component velocity measurements A Model XPD60 Beam Expander can be added to the probe to increase the standoff of the probe Advantages of Fiberoptic Probes A fiberoptic probe is designed to combine the focusing and receiving optics in one compact unit to allow you to reposition the measurement volume without moving the entire LDV system This has the following advantages Q The LDV components susceptible to dust and temperature fluctuations such as the laser or the optics in the fiberlight can be placed in a clean controlled environment away from the harsh test section U By changing the size of the probes a variety of locations can be accessed Along with a traverse the probes can be easily used to map a flow Table 1 1 lists the standoff distance for the different models U By using the appropriate probe measurements can be made under water or other fluids or inside a test section without damaging the probe In case of accidents most of the damage is confined to the probes and not to the entire system O Since there are no electrical wires in the cable RF interference is not a proble
42. ered light 1 1 1 4 collection 4 6 5 5 5 13 G 2 seeding G 3 service policy iv signal loss 5 3 signal processor 1 1 signals electrical see Electrical signals SMA connector 5 5 Snell s law 4 2 standoff distance 1 3 G 3 steering beams 5 3 5 6 G 1 steering receiving fiber 5 6 5 7 5 13 submersible probes 7 4 T thickness of window 4 3 4 5 translator adjustment 6 9 6 10 translator knob 3 3 transmitting fiber 3 6 3 7 5 5 5 14 G 3 transmitting optics 3 8 G 3 traverse D 1 D 2 traverse system G 3 Index U underwater measurement 1 3 vV velocity measurements 1 3 1 4 4 5 G 2 viewing volume 5 5 W X Y Z warnings v 3 1 3 3 3 8 5 2 5 7 5 12 warranty iv window applications 4 2 4 5 window thickness see thickness of window TSI Incorporated 500 Cardigan Road Shoreview MN 55126 U S A USA Tel UK Tel France Tel Germany Tel Sweden Tel India Tel China Tel Contact your local TS Distributor or visit our website www tsi com for more detailed specifications P N 1990580 RevA 1 800 874 2811 44 149 4 459200 33 491 95 21 90 49 241 523030 46 8 595 13230 91 80 41132470 86 10 8260 1595 E mail fluid tsi com E mail tsiuk tsi com E mail tsifrance tsi com E mail tsigmbh tsi com E mail tsiab tsi com E mail tsi india tsi com E mail tsibeijing tsi com Website Website Website Website Website Copyright O 2007 by TS Incorporate
43. errule end extends just beyond the base of the polishing jig Place the red rubber sheet on the clean glass plate Place an optical wipe on the rubber sheet Make five short 1cm strokes lightly across the optical wipe If cleaning the fiber end does not fix the problem you need to polish it This is described in the next section Repolishing the Fiber Ends Single mode polarization preserving transmitting fibers are polished with the TSI fiber polishing jig To polish the fiber ends perform the following steps F 2 1 Locate the polishing jig Screw the connector nut finger tight on the connector receptacle on the jig Control the amount of ferrule to be polished by turning the connector receptacle in the base Use the setscrew to keep the connector from rotating in the base Place the red rubber sheet on the clean glass plate Place a sheet of the 3 x 8 polishing film dull side up on the rubber sheet The paper has a 0 3 ym mean grit size and is used for fine polish fine polish is all you need to do to clean the fiber end Set the amount of the ferrule exposed by resting one edge of the polishing jig on the paper backing of a piece of lapping film and the other on the glass plate adjust the ferrule so that it touches the glass If too much of the ferrule is exposed the jig will rock while the fiber is being polished Make sure that the ferrule end extends just beyond the base of the polishing jig Polish th
44. ex of refraction and that for air K Ky Working With Windows and Confined Fluids 4 3 But for fluids other than air N Kp vi MA in ea 3 N Since N 1 sin K4 sink S N S Since the distance between fringes is given by A 2sin x dy where A wavelength of laser light df distance between fringes in pm k the half angle of the two intersection beams the dependence of wavelength on the medium is given by N _AaNa _ Aa patata HA Nr Nf Therefore for the new medium ae Ar Aa Ny Aa f 5 2 si NK f 2 sink 4 Nf 2sink Hence df remains constant To find the new focal distance F use the following equation es PA alg patie 4 tan Kr tan Kr tan Kr where F actual focal distance in mm Fp focal distance of lens given in mm t thickness of the window in mm d distance from the front of the lens to the window in mm As noted earlier if you are measuring air in a confined space only the window details need be taken into account Therefore equation 3 can be reduced to kr Ka 4 4 Model TR360 5 Beam Fiberoptic Probe Equation 4 then becomes t ne es tank Example The following is an example of an application measuring water velocity through a glass window The following conditions are assumed Fp 115 mm focal distance of lens Ka 11 8 half angle of lens d 20 mm distance from transmitting lens to window t 12 mm thickness of window
45. f the Doppler signal is degrading without clear reasons the viewing volume may have moved To check the position of the receiving fiber you need to couple light into the receiving fiber and view the light at the measurement volume This procedure allows you to see the area around the measurement volume that the receiving optics collect the light from By sending laser light through the receiving fiber you are imaging the fiber end at the microscope objective Since the laser beam crossing measurement volume is also imaged at the microscope objective when the two overlap you can verify that the viewing volume and measurement volume overlap Step by Step Procedure To check the viewing volume follow these steps 1 Place the Microscope Objective so that it projects the beams onto a nonreflective screen To make sure that the exact beam crossing position is being projected the probe microscope objective and screen should be stable during the procedure The probe should be clamped or bolted down for this step 2 Close all of the beam shutters on the couplers 3 Disconnect the green unshifted transmitting fiber from the coupler Screw on the protective cap that is attached to the transmitting fiber 4 Disconnect the receiving fiber from the PDM 5 Locate the fiber alignment check cable replacement part number 1090080 in the top section of the shipping case The alignment check cable is one meter long and has a TSI con
46. ff dust and lint from an optical surface If compressed air is not available use a rubber syringe bulb or a commercial can of compressed air available for example at photographic supply stores Hold the can upright or you may apply a coat of the air s propellant to the optics Caution Unnecessary cleaning could scratch the end of the fiber Cleaning the end of the fiber is not a routine procedure Clean the fiber only if you are sure the end is contaminated Cleaning Fiber Ends Normally you do not need to clean the fiber ends located in the connectors at the end of the probe However dust and other airborne impurities can burn onto the fiber end This leads to lower transmission efficiency and the fiber ends need to be cleaned Follow these steps to clean the fiber ends 1 Switch off the laser 2 With a pair of tweezers remove the protective tube from the end of the fiber if present 3 Wet a lens tissue with a drop of reagent grade acetone and gently draw the tissue across the fiber end 7 2 Model TR360 5 Beam Fiberoptic Probe Blow dry with clean air supply or blot it dry with lens tissue Replace the protective tube if present 6 Turn on the laser and check if the transmission efficiency has improved Occasionally dust gets burned on the end of the connector and cannot be removed with acetone If this is the case you need to polish the ends of the fibers using the tools in the Fiberoptic probe accessor
47. fiberlight Neutral Density Filter to the OD2 position b Focusing Ring Controls Focusing Lens Makes Z axis Adjustments __ Coarse Adjustment Knobs gt u Fine Adjustment Knobs gt Alignment Pin Beam Shutter Figure 3 1 Adjustment Knobs on the Model CPL2001 Coupler The following step involves centering the coarse and fine adjustment knobs of the couplers Repeat steps 5 through 10 for all couplers 5 Turn each of the Adjustment Knobs until the inner surface of each knob is level with the Alignment Groove Figure 3 2 Model TR360 5 Beam Fiberoptic Probe Alignment Grooves Figure 3 2 Setting the Adjustment Knobs to Mid Range on Model CPL2001 Couplers 6 Turn the focusing ring clockwise all the way down until it comes to a stop 7 Attach the Coupler Alignment Mask by screwing it in on the top of the coupler To prevent eye damage use the lowest possible laser power during alignment The spot on the alignment mask should be just visible To minimize the hazard adjust the laser power for the color you are working on 8 Turn the Beam Shutter to the Open position 9 Center the beam on the Coupler Alignment Mask by turning the two fine adjustment knobs 10 Turn the Beam Shutter to the Closed position Remove the Coupler Alignment Mask Repeat steps 5 10 for other couplers Installing and Handling the Probe 3 3 Step 2 Determining Beam Colors and Positive Velo
48. he measurement position The beam pair should now be crossing on the black surface 8 Adjust the z axis knob until the signal amplitude of the vertical beams on the oscilloscope is maximized This will be called the center of the measurement volume 9 The correct velocity of the wheel is 60 Hz 15 rps x m x 0800 M diameter of wheel 3 77 m s 50 Hz 12 5 rps x Tx 0800 M diameter of wheel 3 14 m s 10 Press the lt F9 gt key to capture data Observe the Velocity Statistics Compare the mean velocity calculated by FLOWSIZER to the correct velocity 11 If there is a discrepancy between the two calculate the percentage difference and change the fringe spacing in the optics screen by this same percentage Note When fringe spacing is set to Manual Input pressing the Return key or Apply button will no longer update this field automatically The value must be entered manually 12 Press the lt F9 gt key to sample and display mean velocity again Compare the calculated velocity of FLOWSIZER with the correct velocity again They should be the same Note that there is some small variation to the FLOWSIZER measurement so you may need to take multiple samples 13 If they are not the same repeat steps 10 through 12 until an acceptable agreement is achieved Save the data Figure 6 3 shows an alternate configuration of the calibration wheel This configuration is used if the beam pair to be calibrated is in the
49. he steering The screws marked B in Figure 5 8 act as a lock down and only need to be loosened or tightened if the screws marked A are very tight and will not turn Using a 2 ball driver or Allen wrench tighten or loosen one or more of the screws marked A until the green and violet beam are overlapping It may take some experimenting to see the cause and effect to the adjustment of each screw Checking the Alignment of the Probe 5 11 D Opening the Probe to Access the Receiving Fiber Steering Refer to the following substeps to open the probe to access the receiving fiber steering mechanism 1 Remove the six screws Figure 5 7 with a 92 ball driver provided in the packing case 2 Gently slide the center beam module off the main module Use a gentle rotating back and forth motion 3 Clamp the center beam module into another tailpiece support fixture using the thumbscrews located on top of the fixture as shown in Figure 5 9 Tailpiece Support os ae l Beam Steering Plate Center Beam Module Main Module Tailpiece Probe Mounts Figure 5 9 Accessing the Receiving Fiber Observe the beams by looking only in the direction the beam is traveling Never look into a laser beam Observe all safety precautions listed in the section Laser Safety and the precautions recommended by the laser manufacturer Be careful that the reflections of the laser beams off the microscope objective do not strike you or any
50. ical Health Safety regulations Label 3 PROBE IS NOT WATERTIGHT FOR USE IN AIR ONLY Label included in Probe Case Figure 1 Advisory and Warning Labels on the Model TR360 5 Beam Probe vi Model TR360 5 Beam Fiberoptic Probe Contents Manual History 0000000000s0nsonsonnnnannansnnennnnsnnsnnennnnenee iii Warrant AAA iv Laser Safety ocio can nn v Laser Safety Precautions cin arena v A A vi About This Manual ccccccscccscscecsceccceccccscccscecscecsseceses xi PUTPOSE neninn IA III ra ee xi Audience nennen nee daa dead cen deine xi Related Manuals esse nen xi Getting Help nenn East in xi Submitting COMMENLS it Nessie xii CHAPTER 1 OVErview cccccccecccecccecccescccscscscscscscecececess 1 1 Fiberoptic Probes and Other LDV System Components 1 1 Design and Function of the Probe c cccceceeeeeeeesneeeeeeees 1 3 CHAPTER 2 Unpacking and Inspecting scsccscesseees 2 1 Unp cking m aaa cda id 2 1 Checking the Packing Listrier eiiean i EA 2 1 CHAPTER 3 Installing and Handling the Probe 3 1 Installing the Probe with a fiberlight u 0 3 1 Handling the Probes reissaa R e A 3 11 CHAPTER 4 Working with Windows and Confined Fluids 4 1 Measuring Confined Fluids ooccccooccnnnccnnnncnnnnccnnnacnnnnconaninos 4 1 Beam Crossing Considerations in Window Measurements 4 1 Measu
51. in wavelength Theta 0 changes in the following way 1 0 sin f N Naina f In the FLOWSIZER program the plus and minus of this value must be entered for the Dual Beam to On Axis Angle for Processor 1 and 3 in the Optics Configuration screen of the Data Acquisition program See Appendix E for an explanation of the sign convention for 04 and 6 Measurements Through Curved Windows 4 6 This section discusses issues to consider when making measurements through test sections with curved windows Making measurements through a curved window for example through a glass pipe pose more problems than measuring through a flat window Not only are there changes in the index of refraction but the window acts as a cylindrical lens A cylindrical lens focuses light in the cross sectional plane the plane perpendicular to the cylindrical axis but does not focus along the parallel plane the plane which is parallel to the cylindrical axis As a result the location of the measurement volume moves and the amount of scattered light that can be collected by the receiving optics assembly is generally reduced In a two component system if one beam pair is aligned with the cylindrical axis each beam in the beam pair crosses but the two beam pairs do not cross at the same location Because of a variety of factors that can be involved a systematic solution to these specific problems cannot be discussed However you may be able to
52. isory labels vi aligning probe 5 1 alignment mask G 1 alignment mask Model 9104 3 1 3 3 B 3 alignment pin G 1 alignment pins 3 2 B beam alignment checking 5 1 C 3 beam attenuator G 1 beam crossing 4 1 5 3 5 13 G 1 considerations 4 1 criterion 5 4 determining 5 3 plate 5 13 Beam Expander Model XPD60 1 3 B 1 B 2 C 1 D 2 D 3 beam polarity checking 5 3 E 3 beam refractions 4 2 beam shutter 3 1 beam spacer B 2 G 1 beam steering 5 6 5 10 5 12 5 13 C calibration 5 beam probe 6 2 calibration wheel 6 3 center beam adjusting 6 6 positioning adjustment B 6 10 checking beam alignment 5 1 C 3 beam crossing 5 2 5 3 beam polarity E 3 position of the receiving fiber 5 1 5 2 5 5 cleaning fiber ends 7 1 7 2 F 1 lenses 7 1 7 3 B 3 submersible probes 7 1 7 4 the probe 7 1 7 2 collimated beam 1 4 C 1 G 1 color separation G 2 color separator G 1 confined fluids measurement of 4 1 coupler knob G 3 coupling laser light 3 8 G 3 coupling light G 1 coupling process 3 10 3 11 G 1 cross stream direction G 1 curved window measurements 4 1 4 2 4 6 4 7 5 1 D damaged parts 2 1 Doppler frequency G 1 G 2 Doppler signal 5 5 G 1 E electrical signals G 2 elliptical polarity E 1 E 2 F fiber alignment check cable 5 5 5 13 G 1 fiber couplers 1 1 attaching to probes 3 8 fiber ends cleaning 7 1 7 2 7 3 F 1 Fiber Polishing Kit B 1 B 2
53. issing contact TSI See Getting Help in the About This Manual section for the address and phone number Table 2 1 Packing List for the Model TR360 5 Beam Fiberoptic Probe Model Qty Description Number 1 5 Beam Fiberoptic Probe with TR360 261 mm focal length transmitting lens 1 LDV Calibration Disk including 1 Disk assembly with X Y and tilt adjustments 1 Power supply unit 1 We ball driver 1 Accessory kit including 2 Tailpiece support fixtures Fiber alignment check cable 16 ball driver for lock down screws 32 ball driver 32 ball driver 64 ball driver 764 ball driver Ya ball driver Owner s manual 1990580 Polishing jig TSI connector 1091110 50 0 3 pm polishing film 1603017 1 Wrench ball driver 6 3305067 1 Plate glass 3 x 8 2601548 Rh hhh If you have any questions about the appearance of some component when it arrives or if you need to know how to package the probe to send it out for repairs call TSI Model TR360 5 Beam Fiberoptic Probe CHAPTER 3 Installing and Handling the Probe This chapter discusses how to install and connect the Model TR360 5 Beam Fiberoptic Probe in an LDV system with a fiberlight The last section of this chapter lists the cautions to take when handling the probe Installing the Probe with a fiberlight This section gives instructions on how to connect the probe in an LDV system with a fiberlight Note These instr
54. ither the feet supplied with the probe to clamp it to a traverse stage base plate rotating mount or use the mounting holes to attach the probe to the traverse or test area The probe can be gripped anywhere over the length of the center tube However do not grip the probe on the tapered back end or on the focusing lens See Figure D 1 for mounting hole locations 24 34 22 93 20 12 19 45 13 48 6 08 3 08 10 24 UNC x 20 Deep 21 Places 93 24 A 4 25 1 00 Figure D 1 Mounting Location for Model TR360 5 Beam Probe Mounting Model TR360 5 Beam Probe with Model XPD60 Beam Expander When mounting the Model TR360 5 Beam Probe with a Model XPD60 Beam Expander you can use either the feet supplied with the beam expander to clamp the probe to a traverse stage or baseplate or use the mounting holes on the beam expander If you are not using the mounting holes the beam expander can be gripped lightly anywhere along its diameter However be careful not to bend or twist the beam expander or grip it too tightly See Figure D 2 for mounting hole locations D 2 Model TR360 5 Beam Fiberoptic Probe 66 80 6 173 w o 63 24 i 82 3 c am e l 8 0 203 7 99 108 41 1040 T 10 24 UNC 4 places 1 50 38 1 3 50 88 9 Figure D 2 Mounting Locations for the Model TR360 5 Beam Fiberoptic Probe with Model XPD60 Beam Expander Designing Your Own Probe Mou
55. m U Since the probes arrive factory aligned and ready to be used you do not spend time aligning the probe Overview 1 3 Probe Design In the 5 beam probe six single mode polarization preserving fibers carry the violet green and blue beams from the fiberlight to the probe After the light from each fiber is collimated the transmitting lens focuses and crosses the parallel collimated beams to form the measurement volume In the measurement volume constructive and destructive interference form the pattern of bright and dark fringes for each color A particle passing through the measurement volume scatters light when it is in a bright fringe scatters less light when it is in a dark fringe The scattered light is collected and focused on to a multimode receiving fiber In a 5 beam probe configured for three component measurements six transmitting fibers carry the laser beams to the probe Four of these are used for the outside beams The other two are collimated and combined inside the probe to form the center beam In a two component configuration the four outer beams are used with green and blue The center beams are not used Refer to Table 3 1 for the correct color connections for three component and two component configurations Receiving Fiber 250 mm Focal Length Lens Recommended Collimating Assemblies of the Four Outer Beams S Beam Steering Wedges Ls een N SS A KY S
56. m Lens Focal Length mm Lens Diameter mm Numerical Aperture Beam Crossing Half Angle Kappa deg On Axis Half Angle a B deg Measurement Volume Diameter um Measurement Volume Length mm Fringe Spacing pm Number of Fringes To the 1 e 2 points A values shown are nominal Specifications 996 70 172 72 514 5 1 8 25 0 2 60 4 6 65 0 453 3 480 0 155 16 3 88 3 88 75 1 0 3 80 19 10 2 16 7 488 1 8 50 0 2 60 4 6 130 453 3 480 0 155 16 7 78 70 1 80 38 476 5 1 8 25 0 2 60 4 6 65 0 453 3 480 0 155 16 3 88 3 88 68 1 0 3 52 19 A 5 A 6 Table A 6 Specifications for Model TR360 5 Beam Probe with Model XPD60 Beam Expander and Model TLN15 750 Lens Probe Dimensions Length mm Diameter mm Cable Diameter mm Weight kg Wavelength nm Probe Beam Diameter mm Probe Beam Spacing mm Beam Expansion Resultant Beam Diameter mm Resultant Beam Spacing mm Lens Focal Distance mm Lens Focal Length mm Lens Diameter mm Numerical Aperture Beam Crossing Half Angle Kappa deg On Axis Half Angle a B deg Measurement Volume Diameter um Measurement Volume Length mm Fringe Spacing pm Number of Fringes To the 1 e 2 points A values shown are nominal Model TR360 5 Beam Fiberoptic Probe 1041 40 172 72 514 5 1 8 25 0 2 60 4 6 65 0 733 5 757 7 155 0 10 2 46 2 46 115 2 7
57. me These wedges also allow you to steer and recross any beam that has moved The final focusing lens focuses and cross the five beams Scattered light from particles in the measurement volume is collected and collimated by the focusing lens the scattered light is now traveling right to left as shown in Figure 1 2 The receiving lens then focuses the scattered light onto a multimode fiber which transmits the light signal to the PDM Photodetector Module Overview 1 5 CHAPTER 2 Unpacking and Inspecting This chapter gives the packing list for the Model TR360 5 Beam Fiberoptic Probe It also discusses what you should do if the probe was damaged in transit or if parts are missing Unpacking TSI probes are shipped in a durable padded plastic case Do not discard this case TSI recommends you store the probe in the case when it is not being used If the probe needs to be shipped back to TSI for repair or service it must be returned in this case If you ordered Model CPL2001 Couplers they are also included in the probe case Carefully unpack the case making sure the probe and its components arrived in good condition If there are signs of damage or if parts are missing contact the nearest TSI sales office or representative at TSI See Service Policy at the beginning of this manual for further details Checking the Packing List Compare all the components you received with those listed in Table 2 1 If any parts are m
58. ment volume on an imaginary vertical line that goes through the center of the disk and keep the beam crossing on the mirrored surface Lock the calibration disk to the breadboard with the clamps Raise the disk higher so that the beams hit near the center measurement area of the disk the black area The exact location is not important Refer to Figure 6 5 and Figure 6 6 to see the location of the translator adjustments that will be used in the following steps Note Figure 6 5 and Figure 6 6 show the location of the translator adjustment screws 8 Before using the calibration disk go to the Run Setup Processor Matrix tab and uncheck the Single Measurement Burst checkbox Uncheck the Gatetime Weighting checkbox Cleaning and Maintaining the Probe 6 7 6 8 Vertical Y Axis Adjustment Knob Vertical Center Line of Wheel Z Axis Adjustment Knob 2 Z Axis Lock Leveling Adjustments lt lt Measurement Area of Wheel Reflective Portion of Wheel used for Alignment Center Hole Figure 6 4 Model 10937A Calibration Disk Orientation for Adjustment A 9 Set the Bandpass Filter to 0 1 1 MHz and turn coincidence and Subranging off Set the Burst Threshold to 30 mV Set the Maximum Particle Measurement Attempts to 50 000 Save the settings by pressing lt Ctrl S gt or the Floppy Disk icon 10 Set the Downmix Frequency to the following values Channel 1 Green 39 5 MHz Channel 2 Blue 40
59. most important factors that affect the performance of an LDV system is how well the beams cross to form the measurement volume The beam crossing of the fiberoptic probe is adjusted at the factory and this alignment should last for the life of the probe However extreme conditions such as shock temperature cycling or vibration may cause the beams to become misaligned Please note that when attaching an XPD60 Beam Expander the beam crossing should always be checked and corrected if necessary prior to attaching the beam expander Also you may need to steer the beams in the probe when the beams are going through O A thick window at an angle U A window water interface at even a slight angle QO A cylindrical or otherwise curved surface Note Working with windows is discussed in Chapter 4 To check and align a probe you need to complete the following two steps Step 1 Check if the beams are crossing and the receiving fiber is coincident with the measurement volume Also check beam polarity Step 2 Ifthe beams are not crossing or if the receiving fiber is not correctly positioned steer the beams or the receiving fiber or both Step 1 Checking Probe Alignment This step is divided into the following tasks A Checking polarity of the beams B Checking beam crossing C Checking the position of the receiving fiber To complete the first two tasks you need to use a Model 10936 Microscope Objective and Model 10901A Pola
60. nd Maintaining the Probe 7 3 2 Follow steps 2 3 and 4 in the previous section Cleaning Large Lenses and Straight Flat Surfaces Cleaning Submersible Probes 7 4 To clean the lens of a probe submerged in water or other fluids do the following 1 Remove the probe from the fluid it is submerged in 2 Thoroughly rinse the lens with distilled water 3 Blow dry it with clean air supply or using very little pressure blot it dry with lens tissue Model TR360 5 Beam Fiberoptic Probe APPENDIX A Specifications This appendix lists the specifications for the Model TR360 5 Beam Fiberoptic Probe Table A 1 Specifications for Model TR360 5 Beam Probe and Model TLNO6 250 Lens Probe Dimensions Length mm 618 Diameter mm 82 30 Cable Diameter mm 10 2 Weight kg 5 0 Wavelength nm Probe Beam Diameter mm Probe Beam Spacing mm Lens Focal Distance mm Lens Focal Length mm Lens Diameter mm Numerical Aperture Beam Crossing Half Angle Kappa deg On Axis Half Angle a B deg Measurement Volume Diameter um Measurement Volume Length mm Fringe Spacing pm Number of Fringes To the 1 e 2 points A values shown are nominal 514 5 1 8 25 0 250 0 261 3 61 5 12 2 74 2 74 104 2 1 5 38 20 488 1 8 50 0 250 0 261 3 61 5 12 5 49 99 1 0 2 55 39 476 5 1 8 25 0 250 0 261 3 61 5 12 2 74 2 74 97 2 0 4 98 20 A 1 A
61. nector at one end and an SMA connector with a threaded union on the other Checking the Alignment of the Probe 5 5 6 Connect the end of the alignment check cable with the TSI connector to the coupler Point the SMA end of the check cable at a dark surface such as black anodized metal Open the green unshifted beam shutter Adjust the Focus and Coarse adjusters to get a strong spot of light out of the SMA end of the check cable Close the beam shutter Connect the SMA connector to the receiving fiber from the probe 7 Turn the lights off in the room to darken the room 8 Open the beam shutter of the green unshifted coupler Turn the laser on 9 A speckled pattern of light should emit from the probe and be visible on the screen If you do not see the speckled spot adjust the coarse beam steering knobs and focus on the green unshifted coupler until the spot appears 10 Open all the other beam shutters to view the measurement volume image on the screen The speckled spot should be centered around the focused laser beams that is the beam crossing If the spot does not enclose the laser spot there is some loss of signal The loss of signal is proportional to how much the speckled spot and the laser spot overlap Figure 5 4 _ Speckle Spot Laser Beam Focus Perfect Alignment Acceptable Alignment Loss of Signal Figure 5 4 Overlap of the Speckled Spot and the Laser Spot 11 If the speckled spot and the laser
62. ned fluids 4 1 through curved windows 4 1 4 6 through flat windows 4 2 microscope objective 3 9 4 2 5 2 5 5 5 12 5 13 B 1 B 2 C 3 E 3 G 2 misalignment causes of 5 1 missing parts 2 1 Model 10937A Calibration Disk adjustment A 6 8 adjustment B 6 11 Model 10937A LDV Calibration Disk 6 1 Model 9833 5 Beam 2 1 Model CPL2001 Fiberoptic Couplers see fiberoptic couplers Model XPD60 beam expander G 2 mounts designing D 1 N neutral density filter 3 2 G 2 nonreflective screen 3 6 3 7 3 8 5 2 5 5 G 2 O on axis calibration 6 1 optical accessories B 1 optical axis 4 2 4 3 G 2 optics focussing 1 3 receiving 1 3 receiving 3 1 transmitting 3 8 1 2 Model TR360 5 Beam Fiberoptic Probe P Q packing list of probe 2 1 2 2 particles 7 2 PDM photodetector module 1 1 G 2 photodetector 5 5 G 1 photomultiplier tube G 2 polarity see beam polarity checking polarity vertical 5 3 polarization 5 3 E 1 E 3 G 2 Polarization Axis Finder Model 10901A 5 2 B 2 E 3 probe axis G 2 probe mounts designing D 1 probes beam steering 5 13 focal distance values 4 4 R receiving fiber 1 4 G 2 Receiving Fiber Collimator Model 9269 5 5 receiving fiber mount 5 1 5 5 5 7 G 1 receiving fiber steering 5 13 receiving optics 1 3 3 1 4 6 5 5 G 1 G 2 refractive index 4 1 4 3 4 7 repairing probe 2 1 2 2 7 3 repolishing fiber ends F 2 RF interference 1 3 S scatt
63. ng the Junction Box two transceiver probes SHOWN Here E EATE A E A EAT ATE 3 5 3 4 Connecting the Fiberoptic Probe to the Couplers 3 5 3 5 Connecting the TR360 Probe in a Three Component Configuration nen Ei En 3 7 3 6 Connecting a TR360 Probe in Two Component Configurationi sre demic ao isa 3 8 Model TR360 5 Beam Fiberoptic Probe 3 7 Coupling Process Perspective and Cross Sectional VIEWS she nenn nk lbs N A RS 3 10 3 8 PDM 1090094 Light Bar and Connector Port for Receiving Fiber ee 3 11 4 1 Geometry of a Flat Window and Probe Lens 4 3 4 2 Technique to Minimize the Effect of a Curved Test Section Window Ann dey Seven aiaia st i reniei deseetascen 4 7 4 3 Using a Lens Mask to Eliminate Reflections 4 9 5 1 Checking Beam Polarity deicii n ni 5 3 5 2 Checking Beam CTOSSIN8 oocccoccnocnnoconoconacanacinacinaninnncnninon 5 4 5 3 Beam Crossing Criterion cooccnoccnocnnninnnaconicnnacnnaccnncnonacaneno 5 4 5 4 Overlap of the Speckled Spot and the Laser Spot 5 6 5 5 Steering Adjustment Locations occcocccocncocinacnnaninaninnacnnacon 5 8 5 6 Screw LOCATIONS en nen nern ehe 5 8 5 7 Opening the Fiberoptic Probe occcoccccccnncnnncnnnacanicanicanas 5 10 5 8 Center Beam Steering Plate ooocconccnonnnccnnccnncnnnananiaconicanaso 5 11 5 9 Accessing the Receiving Fiber u ssssssssnnsennsnnnnn 5 12 5 10 Beam Steering Plate uri
64. nts D 3 APPENDIX E Effects of Incorrect and or Unstable Polarization This appendix discusses polarization effects in an LDV experiment and how to measure it Polarization Effects in LDV In an LDV system when the two light beams have the same polarization intensity fringes occur in the interference between the two beams The highest possible fringe contrast occurs when the beam pair have similarly oriented linear polarity Polarization is factory set in fiberoptic probes However the 10 to 40 meters of fiber in a fiberoptic probe cannot perfectly hold polarity The polarity degradation can happen when Q The orientation of polarity of one or both the beams is tilted Q The polarity is not linear but elliptical a combination of linear and circular components with some phase shift The effect of these two problems are discussed below Dissimilar Polarity Orientation This section discusses what happens to fringe contrast when the polarity orientation of the two beams is not same Any polarity orientation as long as it is the same for both beams yields a fringe contrast of almost one that is the area in between fringes is completely dark When polarity degrades the fringe contrast deteriorates from this ideal value This deterioration however is very gradual as shown in Figure E 1 E 2 Beam Polarizations 1 2 1 0 Equal Beam Intensities K 5 CONTRAST 0 10 20 30 40 50 Figure
65. o Component Configuration The following steps give details on how to connect a two component probe to a fiberlight Refer to Figure 3 6 as you read these instructions 1 Securely mount the probe in a suitable place so that the beams can be safely projected Place a nonreflective screen in front of probe 2 Slide the rectangular junction box of the probe into the slot at the side of the fiberlight Figure 3 3 The larger diameter cable from the junction box that leads to the probe should be on the bottom The transmitting fiber cables are above the probe cable and the label faces up Note In the following steps unscrew the connector cap from the end of each fiber connector before performing each step When screwing the connectors to the couplers make sure that the polarization aligning screw is lined with the slot in the connector on top of the coupler as shown in Figure 3 4 Tip To obtain transmission efficiencies a power meter may be used to measure the output of each coupler before inserting the fibers Record these power readings for use later 3 Screw the blue white probe connector to the Coupler marked 488 nm on the shifted side 4 Screw the blue probe connector to the Coupler marked 488 nm on the unshifted side Installing and Handling the Probe 3 7 5 Screw the green probe connector to the Coupler marked 514 nm on the unshifted side 6 Screw the violet white probe connector to the Coupler marked 514 nm on
66. o check and align the probe after installing the beam expander Refer to Chapter 5 for details After you have installed the beam expander and before you can start using the LDV system you need to check if the probe and beam expander are aligned To make accurate LDV measurements it is important to have all the beams equally spaced around the front lens Generally even a slight misalignment that existed before the beam expander was installed gets magnified leading to incorrect measurements An easy way to check if beams are aligned is to use a Model 10936 Microscope Objective As discussed in Chapter 5 project the beams on a flat surface to see if the beams cross at the same point One problem that commonly occurs is that the two set of beams cross at two different points To correct this problem while viewing the projected beams adjust the 10 32 x nylon tip setscrews to tilt the probe and recross the beams If this adjustment does not correct the problem you need to open the probe to use the internal mechanism to steer the beams Refer to Step 2 Steering the Beams and the Receiving Fiber in Chapter 5 for details Installing a Beam Expander C 3 APPENDIX D Designing Your Own Probe Mounts If you are designing your own mounts for the 5 Beam Probe review the information given in this appendix before mounting the probe Mounting Model TR360 5 Beam Probe When mounting the Model TR360 5 Beam probe you can use e
67. o standard mask can correct all problems However some general instructions outlined next can by used to customize a lens mask to meet your needs Refer to Figure 4 3 as you read these instructions Model TR360 5 Beam Fiberoptic Probe Holes for Incident Beams Line Along Which ie Reflections Generally Typical Area Cut to Occur Allow Scattered Light Figure 4 3 Using a Lens Mask to Eliminate Reflections Place the lens cover in front of the probe and mark the spots where the incident beams strike the cover Cut holes for the incident beams Make sure the holes are large enough to prevent them from blocking any portion of the incident beams A cork borer works well for cutting the holes Put the cover over the transmitting lens and mark all spots where a reflection strikes the mask Generally these spots appear along an imaginary line connecting the incident beams The width of this line depends somewhat on the alignment of the optics Remove the mask from the lens and draw straight lines to connect the holes on either side of the marked spots Using a sharp knife blade cut out the rest of the mask making sure to stay clear of the marked spot between the two beam holes Working With Windows and Confined Fluids 4 9 CHAPTER 5 Examining and Correcting Alignment of the Probe This chapter discusses how to check beam alignment and how to steer the beams if they become misaligned One of the
68. obe axis The beams should cross If the beams do not cross they may have been dislocated in the probe during shipping See Chapter 5 Step 1 Checking Probe Alignment for information on how to steer the beams Installing and Handling the Probe 3 9 3 10 N Fiber core Laser Light 1 Beam misaligned and not focused on fiber core O 2 Beam misaligned but focused more closely on fiber core 3 Beam aligned but still not focused on fiber core 4 Beam focused and aligned on fiber core Figure 3 7 Coupling Process Perspective and Cross Sectional Views Step 4 Connecting the Probe to the PDM To complete the installation process connect the probe to the PDM Photodetector Module 1 Connect the SMA connector on the receiving fiber of the probe to the SMA connector on the Model 1090094 PDM light bar as shown in Figure 3 8 2 If necessary attach the Model 1090094 light bar to the back of the PDM using a 4 ball driver Model TR360 5 Beam Fiberoptic Probe 3 To connect the PDM to the signal processor follow the directions given in the P N 1990013 FSA PDM user s manual Connect Fiber From TR360 Probe MO CH1B CHIC chu cm gQ Tanong u Potons manaa TOFSA DIODE un P a rora sm 4 965 655 AS Camo San DO NOT REMOVE COVER TSI Incorporated amp Fe servema 70 CE TSIZ St Paul mirr rantas 55126 Figure 3 8 PDM 1090094 Light Bar and
69. of the cylinder The cylindrical walls have no lensing effect along this axis This means that the half angle of the green pair and the violet pair kg and Ky and the Dual Beam to On Axis Angles 04 and 0p and will not be changed by the cylinder wall This is necessary because the On Working With Windows and Confined Fluids 4 7 Axis velocity calculation is very sensitive to small changes in the and the 9 values entered If the green and violet beam plane is perpendicular to the cylinder axis there will be a significant lensing effect and the resultant change to kg and ky and 0 and 0y leads to significant On Axis measurement errors These changes can be calculated in theory and entered in FLOWSIZER software The problem is that if the actual curved surface varies from the expected value or is irregular or if the beams are not centered on the axis of the curved window significant errors will occur Masking Window Reflections 4 8 Reflections from a test window that enter the receiving assembly of the LDV system can affect your measurements This section discusses two ways to mask these reflections One way to eliminate reflections is to tape small pieces of electrical tape to the window itself to prevent reflections from escaping the test section However be aware that the tape might block a portion of the scattered light as well Making an effective lens mask for backscatter collection depends on several factors and n
70. one else in the eye 5 12 Model TR360 5 Beam Fiberoptic Probe E Steering the Receiving Fiber This section tells you how to steer the receiving fiber to a position where it will collect the maximum amount of scattered light The receiving assembly is held between four flathead screws Figure 5 10 One pair controls the X movement and another pair controls the Y movement Screw A Three Places on each Collimating Assembly Collimating Lens Assembly Four Places Screw B Two Places on each Collimating Assembly Flathead Screws Receiving Fiber Mount Receiving Fiber Transmitting Fiber Figure 5 10 Beam Steering Plate 1 If your probe is not open follow the steps in sections B and D for instructions on how to access the steering plate in the probe Caution Be careful that the reflections of the laser beams off the microscope objective do not strike you or anyone else in the eye 2 Connect the fiber alignment check cable as described in Step 1 C Checking Position of the Receiving Fiber 3 Place the microscope objective in the beam crossing and observe the area where the beam crossing and the speckled spot from the receiving fiber overlap Figure 5 4 4 Alternately tighten and loosen each pair of flathead screws until the image from the receiving fiber is centered on the beam crossing Checking the Alignment of the Probe 5 13 5 Note Do not overtighten the flathead scre
71. ppendix C of this manual Microscope Obj ective Model 10936 Microscope Objective 40X allows you to directly observe the measurement volume to help make optical alignments Using the adjustable stand you can place the microscope objective near the measurement volume to magnify the crossing region and project it onto a far wall or screen This helps you view the beam crossing Polarization Axis Finder The Model 10901A or Model 10901 Polarization Axis Finder a circumferential oriented plane polarizer is included with the microscope objective to check beam polarity Instructions for using both the microscope objective and the polarization axis finder are given in Chapter 5 Fiberoptic Prob B 2 e Accessory Kit The fiberoptic probe accessory kit contains the following to help care for and maintain your probe U Polishing jig for single mode TSI connectors U Lapping film 0 3 pm QO Ball drivers U Polarization axis finder Q Microscope objective and stand Model TR360 5 Beam Fiberoptic Probe QU Lens cleaning fluid QO Optical wipes U Glass polishing plate 7 5 by 20 cm 3 by 8 in QO Lens cleaning fluid AU Owner s manual Optics Accessories The following items included in the fiberlight Accessory Kit are typically needed for operating and aligning an LDV system QU Alignment mask QO Ball drivers U Lens cleaning materials UO Beam stop caps A Allen wrenches Accessories B 3 APP
72. r coarse adjustment feature on the Model CPL2001 Fiber Coupler that translates the beams to fall within the fiber s cone of acceptance numerical aperture Used when coupling light from the transmitting optics through the fiberoptic cables The fiber that carries the light from the laser and transmitting optics to the fiberoptic probe Optics used to focus and cross the two laser beams The apparatus used to move an LDV probe or an LDV system around a test section Glossary G 3 5 Index 5 beam probe A about the manual xi accessories B 1 B 3 advantages 1 3 aligning 1 3 5 1 as part of LDV system 1 1 axis 3 9 5 3 E 2 beam steering 5 6 5 10 5 12 bending probe cables 3 11 cleaning and maintaining 7 1 7 3 7 4 closing 5 7 5 14 connecting to couplers 3 2 3 8 damage to 1 3 2 1 3 11 design and function 1 3 1 4 exposure to v exposure to beams v focal distance values A 1 A 7 handling 3 1 3 11 in LDV systems xi 1 2 1 3 3 1 G 2 installing 3 1 C 1 installing with fiberlight 3 1 missing parts 2 1 Models 9800 Series B 1 9831 or 9832 B 2 C 1 D 2 9833 D 1 9833 with Model XPD60 Beam Expander D 2 D 3 mounts Model 10947 C 3 opening 5 7 5 9 5 12 overview 1 1 packing list 2 1 2 2 repairing 2 1 2 2 7 3 submersible 7 4 tailpiece using 5 9 5 14 using with window applications masking reflections 4 8 using with Window applications 4 1 adjusting center beam 6 6 adv
73. red by others or on any fuses batteries or other consumable materials Only the original manufacturer s warranty applies d Unless specifically authorized in a separate writing by Seller Seller makes no warranty with respect to and shall have no liability in connection with goods which are incorporated into other products or equipment or which are modified by any person other than Seller The foregoing is IN LIEU OF all other warranties and is subject to the LIMITATIONS stated herein NO OTHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTY OF FITNESS FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR MERCHANTABILITY IS MADE TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW THE EXCLUSIVE REMEDY OF THE USER OR BUYER AND THE LIMIT OF SELLER S LIABILITY FOR ANY AND ALL LOSSES INJURIES OR DAMAGES CONCERNING THE GOODS INCLUDING CLAIMS BASED ON CONTRACT NEGLIGENCE TORT STRICT LIABILITY OR OTHERWISE SHALL BE THE RETURN OF GOODS TO SELLER AND THE REFUND OF THE PURCHASE PRICE OR AT THE OPTION OF SELLER THE REPAIR OR REPLACEMENT OF THE GOODS IN NO EVENT SHALL SELLER BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL CONSEQUENTIAL OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES SELLER SHALL NOT BE RESPONSIBLE FOR INSTALLATION DISMANTLING OR REINSTALLATION COSTS OR CHARGES No Action regardless of form may be brought against Seller more than 12 months after a cause of action has accrued The goods returned under warranty to Seller s factory shall be at Buyer s risk of loss and will be returned if at all at Seller s risk of loss Buyer and all
74. reen and outer violet beams Q Position the center beam exactly between the outer violet and outer green beams This means that ky violet Kg green and 95 violet 0 green iz Green Violet Center Beam Violet Optical Axis Violet N El en j Green Optical Axis I Green f Positive Flow Direction Figure 6 1 Typical Configuration for a Three Axis System System For system shown above with the positive flow direction defined as shown from the green side to violet side Calibration of the 5 Beam Probe 6 2 If the beams have been steered in the probe for any reason the beam which was steered needs to be recalibrated and a new fringe spacing value entered in the Optics screen of FLOWSIZER Accurate On axis measurements rely on an exact fringe spacing for the violet and green components This is done as described in the Model 10937A Calibration Wheel Air manual For your convenience the appropriate sections of this manual are being included here Model TR360 5 Beam Fiberoptic Probe Description of the Calibration Wheel The calibration wheel can be used to align the Model TR360 5 beam probe see the Model TR360 5 Beam Probe manual for a description of this and as an absolute velocity source for a fringe spacing calibration The wheel is used as an absolute calibration device because the motor is a constant 12 5 rps revolutions per second
75. rements Through Flat Windows coocooccnccncnncnncnnncnnos 4 2 Measurements Through Curved Windows oocccocccnccnnncnnicnns 4 6 Masking Window Reflections uunssssssssennesennnennnnnenn nenn 4 8 CHAPTER 5 Examining and Correcting Alignment of the Probe sis oss scesasssneoevsssendsereveenssstavedheveraacesnsesgecetasseseseste 5 1 Step 1 Checking Probe Alignment ccoocccnccnnccnnncnnaconiaccnicnnos 5 2 Step 2 Steering the Beams and Receiving Fiber 5 7 CHAPTER 6 On Axis Calibration Using the Calibration O PI 6 1 Calibration of the 5 Beam Probe cooccccnnccnnnccnnnnccnnnoconnnincnnns 6 2 CHAPTER 7 Cleaning and Maintaining the Probe 7 1 Regular Maintenance coocooccnccnncnncnnconconcnncnnnconronroncnnroncnnncnnos 7 1 Cle ning Guidelines u nme sen 7 1 Cleaning Fiber EndS 2 arme men onen 7 2 Cleaning Large Lenses and Straight Flat Surfaces 7 3 vii Cleaning Small Lenses issii u HH een anne 7 3 Cleaning Submersible ProbesS oocccocccncconoconoconiaconiaconicanicnnns 7 4 APPENDIX A Specifications ssssssssonssonnnnnnnnnnnen A 1 APPENDIX B ACCESSOTIEG cccccececesccescccscccscccscecscecscese B 1 FOCUSING Lens ne ans ae nurear ae B 1 Beam Expander icc nina pata ine ees B 2 Micr sc p amp Objective uns aiina Arai raSi B 2 Polarization Axis Finder ccooccnocnnocnnncnnncnncnnnccnnocnnacanaconiconoso B 2 Fiberoptic Prob
76. rization Axis Finder These are included in the TR360 accessory kit When using the microscope objective select a nonreflective screen to view the projected beams A sheet of black construction paper works well To check the position of the receiving fiber you need to use a fiber alignment check cable which is included in the probe case or accessory kit Observe the beams by looking only in the direction the beam is traveling Never look into a laser beam Observe all safety precautions listed in the section Laser Safety and the precautions recommended by the laser manufacturer The microscope objective can be damaged by high laser power Whenever the objective is used with an argon ion laser reduce power to the lowest effective level This not only protects the objective but is safer for you since some radiation is always reflected from the surface of the objective A Checking Polarity The two beams in any pair of beams should show the same polarity axis this gives the maximum fringe contrast However with small angular differences the loss of fringe contrast is negligible even an angle of 25 between the two polarities gives 90 fringe contrast See Appendix E for further details To check the polarity of a beam do the following 1 Turn the laser power down to less than 300 mW 2 Position the Model 10936 Microscope Objective so that the beam enters the objective s front lens 3 Set up a nonreflective screen
77. robe of the receiving fiber as described in Step 1 C Checking Position of the Receiving Fiber of this chapter B Opening the Probe to Overlap the Violet and Green Center Beams 1 Turn off the laser beams using the shutters on the couplers Take out the tailpiece support fixture from the shipping case of the probe 2 Position the probe with its mounts on the breadboard and clamp it to the breadboard 3 Place the tailpiece support fixture on the breadboard Note A short loop of fiber coiled within the probe allows the tailpiece to be separated from the probe by several cm in In the following step take care not to jerk or pull the tailpiece off the probe too far or you will damage these fibers Gently rotate the tailpiece back and forth as you pull the tailpiece out 4 Remove the four screws from the back of the probe and gently slide the tailpiece away from the probe Take care not to stretch the fibers 5 Clamp the smaller end of the tailpiece into the tailpiece support fixture using the thumbscrew located on the top of the fixture as shown in Figure 5 7 Checking the Alignment of the Probe 5 9 Tailpiece Support Fixture Screws 6 to detach center beam module from the main probe module Figure 5 7 Opening the Fiberoptic Probe 6 Turn the probe so that you can access the beam steering mechanism in the probe C Steering the Center Violet Beam on the Center Green Beam
78. ser beams have to pass through test sections with one or more windows Generally the refractive index of the window material is different from that of air This causes the beams to refract which in turn changes the location of the measurement volume If the confined fluid is not air along with the location of the measurement volume the intersection angle between the beams also changes Note Even if the confined fluid is not air the change in the intersection angle does not change the calibration factor or the fringe spacing d since the wavelength of the laser beams used for measurement also depend on the refractive index of the medium Beam Crossing Measurements Considerations in Window Studying a flow by shooting laser beams through a window into a test section is commonly done in LDV experiments This is usually not a problem unless the following occur U The glass is thick and the angle of the probe to the window is great In a two component probe this can cause the two pairs of beams to uncross although each color beam pair may remain crossed Since many factors can cause the beams to uncross it is difficult to predict at what angles the effect will cause a problem However angles under 10 for thickness less than 3 5 cm 1 5 in can be considered acceptable If you are not sure if the beams are crossing or not use a microscope objective to check If necessary the beams can be steered as described in Chapter 5
79. spot do not overlap you need to open the probe and steer the receiving fiber Refer to Step 2 Steering the Beams and Receiving Fiber for details on how to do this Once you have checked the alignment reconnect the transmitting cable to the coupler 5 6 Model TR360 5 Beam Fiberoptic Probe Step 2 Steering the Beams and Receiving Fiber This step is divided into the following tasks A Steering the five transmitting beams B Opening the probe to overlap the violet and green center beam C Steering the center violet beam on to the center green beam D Opening the Probe to Access the Receiving Fiber Steering E Steering the receiving fiber into the correct position F Closing the probe Note If you steer any of the green or violet beams you also need to check the on axis calibration See Chapter 6 for details Observe the beams by looking only in the direction the beam is traveling Never look into a laser beam Observe all safety precautions listed in the section Laser Safety and the precautions recommended by the laser manufacturer A Steering the Five Transmitting Beams To make steering adjustments on any of the five transmitting beams use the steering wedge prisms located near the front of the probe Figure 5 5 The steering wedges for the four outside beams are directly accessible However to steer the center beam you need to remove the probe cover Figure 5 6 Perform these steps to st
80. ted O rings Following are instructions for connecting three component and two component probes to the fiberlight Choose the set that applies to you The instructions use the beam configurations recommended in Table 3 1 Note The following instructions assume that the fiberlight is installed and aligned Model TR360 5 Beam Fiberoptic Probe la Gu es la il Ms GER 7 E Al Q Sl q amp D KA A m o Junction Boxes Receiving Cables connect to PDM1000 only in LDV systems Figure 3 3 Inserting the Junction Box two transceiver probes shown here Polarization Aligning Screw Za NG G amp a e A z y A Figure 3 4 Connecting the Fiberoptic Probe to the Couplers Installing and Handling the Probe 3 5 Connecting the TR360 Probe in a Three Component Configuration The following steps give details on how to connect a three component probe to a fiberlight Refer to Figure 3 5 as you read these instructions 1 Securely mount the probe in a suitable place so that the beams can be safely projected Place a nonreflective screen in front of probe 2 Slide the rectangular junction box of the probe into the slot at the side of the fiberlight Figure 3 3 The larger diameter cable from the junction box that leads to the probe should be on the bottom The transmitting fi
81. the shifted side Blue Shifted Green Unshifted Green Shifted Blue Unshifted Unshifted Blue Beam blue connector HAN Unshifted Green Beam green connector To PDM Shifted Green Beam violet white connector Shifted Blue Beam blue white connector Figure 3 6 Connecting a TR360 Probe in Two Component Configuration Step 3 Coupling the Laser Light In this step you couple light from the transmitting optics through the fiber Make sure the laser power is less than 500 mW 1 Dim the room lights and switch on the laser beam Open all the coupler s beam shutters Make sure the fiberlight input shutter is in the open position Four or six faint beams should appear on the nonreflective screen for two component or three component configurations respectively Tip A piece of laboratory tissue or optical wipe can be placed across the fiber probe lens to act as a screen This may be helpful if the beams are very weak Be careful whenever a beam is not covered The laser light could damage your eyes if it hits them Some light may come out of the probe Never look into the probe or you could damage your eyes 2 Starting with any coupler turn the focus ring Figure 3 1 counterclockwise initially about turn less afterwards The laser power may initially decrease so do not turn the focus ring so far that you lose the beams 3 8 Model TR360 5 Beam Fiberoptic Pro
82. tions for Model TR360 5 Beam Probe with A 5 Specifications for Model TR360 5 Beam Probe with Model XPD60 Beam Expander and Model TLN15 450 ETS RG nr TR A 6 Specifications for Model TR360 5 Beam Probe with Model XPD60 Beam Expander and Model TLN15 750 TIONS Es ERA A 7 Specifications for Model TR360 5 Beam Probe with Model XPD60 Beam Expander and Model TLN15 1200 LES a nadas B 1 Focusing Lenses for Model TR360 5 Beam Probe F 1 Polishing Supplies coovoovosenis ar anne ar Model TR360 5 Beam Fiberoptic Probe Model TLNO6 250 Lens 0 ccc ecece eee sceceeceseuseseueeeeeess Model TLNO6 120 Lens usussesseseeseneeseenennenennen nenn Model TLNO6 350 Lens 2 0 0 cecceccecsceeeseeceeseseseesenees Model TLNO6 500 Lens uesusssssessesennennsnennennnnen nenn About This Manual Purpose This manual describes and gives installation information for the Model TR360 5 Beam Fiberoptic Probe Audience This manual is written for anyone who will be using the Model TR360 5 Beam Fiberoptic Probe as part of a Laser Doppler Velocimeter LDV system It assumes you are familiar with LDV technology and know how LDV is used in fluid flow measurements Related Manuals The following TSI manuals provide further information about some of the topics described in this manual U LDV PDPA System installation manual P N 1990024 QO LDV PDPA System Model FSA3500 400
83. to do this is to look at the reflections on the focusing lens Cleaning and Maintaining the Probe 6 3 Vertical y axis Adjustment Knob Lock Screw Calibration Disk Measurement Position Lock Screw Calibration Disk Alignment Position Shiny Side Alignment Black Side Measurement z axis Adjustment Lye Knob Base A Se Calibration Disk Lock Down ec Screw Leveling Adjustments 4 pairs Vertical Beam Pair Tilt Adjustment Screw Figure 6 2 Calibration Wheel Orientation Shown for Measuring Fringe Spacing in the Vertical Plane 5 Before using the calibration disk go to the Run Setup Processor Matrix tab and uncheck the Single Measurement Burst checkbox Uncheck the Gatetime Weighting checkbox 6 For most lenses set the Bandpass Filter to 0 3 3 MHz and turn coincidence and Subranging off Set the Burst Threshold to 30 mV Set the Maximum Particle Measurement Attempts to 50 000 Save the settings by pressing lt Ctrl S gt or the Floppy Disk icon The nominal Doppler frequency can be calculated by Wheel Velocity Doppler Frequency ae where Wheel Velocity 3 77 m s 60 Hz or 3 14 m s 50 Hz D Nominal Fringe Spacing 6 4 Model TR360 5 Beam Fiberoptic Probe 7 Slide the calibration disk toward the motor Do this by loosening the setscrew 6 ball driver for the calibration disk and sliding the calibration disk toward the motor Lock the setscrew for the calibration disk in t
84. uctions assume you have installed the laser the fiberlight and the receiving optics components Following is an overview of the installation steps Step 1 Attach the Model CPL2001 Couplers Step 2 Determine the beam colors fiberlight connections and positive velocity directions for two component or three component configurations Step 3 Couple the laser light into each fiber of the probe Step 4 Attach the receiving fiber to the PDM When the laser is on and the alignment masks are removed from the top of the fiberlight outports laser beams exit vertically from the top of the fiberlight Be sure the laser beam is turned off before proceeding with the following step Step 1 Attaching the Model CPL2001 Couplers Follow these steps to install the Model CPL2001 Couplers 1 Make sure the fiberlight input shutter is set to the closed position and the beam shutter at the bottom of each coupler is in the closed position A circle with a line through it indicates the shutter is in the closed position 2 Remove the alignment masks from the beam outports on top of the fiberlight Place the alignment masks in the accessory kit and save the screws for the next step 3 Position the couplers on the beam outports using the two alignment pins at the base of each couplers Orient the couplers so that the adjustment knobs point outwards as shown in Figure 3 1 Secure each coupler with the screws saved in the previous step 4 Turn the
85. using four 10 24 x Ys sockethead capscrews C 2 Model TR360 5 Beam Probe 10 32 UNF x 3 8 Long Nylon Tip Setscrew 3 TEILE Probe Adapter 10 24 UNC x 1 Long Sockethead Cap Screw 2 j YU VLR ZZ 6 32 UNC x 3 8 Long Sockethead Cap Screw 6 Wit Wave Spring Washer 10 24 UNC x 3 8 Long Sockethead Cap Screw 4 Adapter Ring Pivot Ring 10 24 UNC x 1 Long Sockethead Cap Screw 2 6 32 UNC x 5 16 Long Flathead Screw 3 Beam Expander Assembly Pi 6 Lens N J Figure C 1 Installing the Beam Expander 6 Screw the pivot ring to the end of the fiber probe Model TR360 5 Beam Fiberoptic Probe Note Adjusting the three 10 32 x s nylon tip setscrews allows you to tilt the probe by a small degree The probe pivots on the pivot ring while the wave washer holds the probe in place when the probe adapter is attached to the beam expander 7 Attach the probe adapter to the beam expander using six 6 32 x Y s sockethead capscrews 8 Attach the two stands that come with the Model 10947 Mounts to the probe beam expander unit using the two 10 24 x 1 sockethead capscrews as shown in Figure C 1 9 Center the back end of the probe on the probe adapter with the 10 32 x s nylon tip set screws 10 Attach a TLN15 series lens to the beam expander with three 6 32 x 16 flathead screws Checking the Beam Alignment This section gives you a quick overview of how t
86. ws Disconnect the alignment check cable and reconnect the green transmitting fiber from the probe F Closing the Probe Once you are done making the necessary adjustments to the beams and the receiving fiber follow these steps to close the probe 1 2 Turn off the laser beams Turn the thumbscrew on the tailpiece support fixture to loosen the center beam module While holding the center beam module slide it towards the main probe module The fibers should slide straight through the module Make sure the alignment pin on the center beam module lines with the alignment hole on the main probe module Attach the center beam module to the main probe module using the six screws and the 32 ball driver Turn the thumbscrew on the tailpiece support to loosen the tailpiece While holding the tailpiece in one hand coil the fibers and gently pack the fibers into the probe body Making sure that no fibers are being pinched between the tailpiece and center beam module and using gentle back and forth rotating movements slide the tailpiece into the probe body Attach the four screws to the back of the tailpiece Model TR360 5 Beam Fiberoptic Probe CHAPTER 6 On Axis Calibration Using the Calibration Disk When making three component measurements with a single probe the on axis component the velocity component parallel to the axis of the probe is not measured directly It is calculated from the green and violet velocity
87. y filter To help prevent scorching use a light meter to maximize coupling efficiency before turning the laser power up to operating level The focus and coarse adjustments may be slightly adjusted to peak out the transmitted beam power after increasing the laser power to operational level The equipment for repolishing the connector includes the items listed in Table F 1 Table F 1 Polishing Supplies Description Quantity Polishing jig TSI connector 1 0 3 micrometer lapping film 50 Glass plate 3 x 8 1 Rubber sheet 1 Optical wipes 500 Ball driver As inch 1 Cleaning the Fiber Ends If you are experiencing low transmission efficiency it is usually due to the coupler being slightly out of adjustment If tuning the coupler does not recover the usual transmission efficiency 50 when new clean the fiber ends Follow the steps below 4 Locate the polishing jig Screw the connector nut finger tight on the connector receptacle on the jig Control the amount of ferrule to be polished by turning the connector receptacle in the base Use the setscrew to keep the connector from rotating in the base Set the amount of the ferrule exposed by resting one edge of the polishing jig on the paper backing of a piece of lapping film and the other on the glass plate adjust the ferrule so that it touches the glass If too much of the ferrule is exposed the jig will rock while the fiber is being polished Make sure that the f
88. y kit Cleaning Large Surfaces Lenses and Straight Flat Following are instructions on how to clean large lenses and straight easy to reach flat surfaces 1 Fold a clean piece of lens cleaning tissue into a pad Hold the pad in a clean hemostat or forceps The pad should extend beyond the end of the hemostat or the forceps Note The hemostat or forceps should never contact the lens 2 Moisten the tissue with spectroscopic grade acetone Shake out the excess acetone do not squeeze it out 3 Begin cleaning the lens from the center of the lens to the outer edge of the component Use a circular motion on lenses On flat pieces of glass use a linear motion 4 Inspect the surface of the component for streaking Streaking indicates that the solvent soaked tissue did not maintain full contact across the component s surface air drying leaves uneven surface residue Once the solvent has dried inspect the surface from various angles to be sure the entire surface is clean If you need to repeat the cleaning process use a fresh piece of lens tissue Cleaning Small Lenses Following are instructions on how to clean small lenses and difficult to reach surfaces 1 Roll up a clean piece of lens cleaning tissue into a tube Fold the tube in half and insert tweezer prongs into the ends of the tube This produces a small working surface and also protects the optical component from the sharp tips of the tweezers Cleaning a

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