ZXMatrix manual
Contents
1. FN ext stream This function returns the extent size of the stream specified Not all channels support this function see the documentation for individual channels For example to find the size of stream 5 LET size FN ext 5 POINT stream pos This command sets the current position of the pointer for the stream specified Not all channels support this function see the documentation for individual channels For example to set the pointer to the start of stream 5 POINT 5 0 Starting with v2 00 it is possible to load a number of optional packages into your interface s memory which extend the capabilities of ResiDOS To install or uninstall a package download it from this page and use the INSTALL and UNINSTALL commands Alternatively you can download the following BASIC program which guides you through the process of installing or upgrading a package e pkginst tzx Package installer tape loadable version e pkginst bas Package installer version to copy direct to flashdrive All packages are provided here in two formats tZzx A tape file that can be loaded into memory before installation or saving to flashdrive Pkg A file that can be copied straight to a FAT formatted flashdrive and installed directly from there To do this you ll need a version of the FATfs package already installed Available packages The following packages are currently available e Channels adds channels for accessing disk fil2. Moves the cursor up If the cursor is already on the top row it has no effect ESC B Moves the cursor down If the cursor is already on the bottom row it has no effect ESC C Moves the cursor right If the cursor is already in the rightmost column it has no effect ESC D Moves the cursor left If the cursor is already in the leftmost column it has no effect ESC E Clears the window The cursor position is not affected ESC H Homes the cursor ie moves the cursor to row 0 column 0 ESC I Reverse index Moves the cursor up line scrolling the window down if necessary ESC J Erases all characters from the cursor including the character under the cursor to the end of the window The cursor position is not affected ESC K Erases all characters from the cursor including the character under the cursor to the end of the line The cursor position is not affected ESC L Inserts a line The row with the cursor on it and all rows below are scrolled down 1 line The cursor row is cleared The cursor position is not affected ESC M Deletes the row with the cursor on it All rows below are scrolled up line The bottom row is cleared The cursor position is not affected ESC N Deletes the character under the cursor All characters to the right of the cursor are moved column to the left The character at the end of the row is cleared The cursor position is not affected ESC Yrc 28 ESC bc ESC ec ESC d ESC e ESC f ESC j ESC k E
3. You can use wildcards in order to erase many files at the same time but be careful if using this facility Copying files You can make a copy of file to a new file with a different name or copy one or more files using wildcards to a different drive user area or directory If you specify as the destination then the current location is used Some examples are e CP letter doc letter2 doc e YCP rom b e WMCP 0e 3e e CP manic sna e e CP snaps sinclair c z80 Renaming files To rename a file use REN filename newname This must be a single file you cannot use wildcards It is possible to use this command to change the user area for a file but not the drive or directory simply by specifying the same name with a different user area Changing file attributes You can add or remove various file attributes from a file or group of files using wildcards The possible attributes are P protected or read only e S system or hidden 12 e A archive doesn t have any real use Protected files cannot be erased or changed and system files cannot be copied and are not normally listed in catalogs only in expanded catalogs You can add or remove a single attribute at a time by using a or character as in the following examples e ATTRIB 196 set tt e Y ATTRIB sys s e ATTRIB letter doc p 128K Spectrum BASIC includes a number of commands for
4. ms mice works fine 43 Garry and me have put many month s hours of work on this interface and I m looking forward seeing all things that can be made with this interface and there is practically no end there are amounts of stuff that can be connected and written software for Interfaces I have built so far ZXATASP 2002 Jessa I O 2002 ZXCF 2003 ZXCFk 2007 ZXCF 2007 Kempston module 2008 ZXCF 2 upg 2008 ZXMATRIX 2008 IDE CF 512KB sram Serial interface 0 5mbit CF 512 or 1024KB sram CF 512KB sram kempston joystick CF 512 or 1024KB sram boxed Kempston Joystick module for ZXCF Kempston amp second CF slot Dual interface ZXCF 2 ZXUSB ZXATASP Jessal O ZXCF ZXCFk ZXCF 2upg ZXCF 2 ZXMATRIX ZXUSB Artwork is Copyright 2002 2010 Sami Vehmaa All Rights Reserved ResiDOS is Copyright 2002 2010 Garry Lancaster All Rights Reserved EOF Gueleoun QA BOX Fl m0ss 44
5. Command register wr Minimum required commands Identify drive EC 236d Device information Read sector 20 32d Read 512 bytes Write sector 30 48d Write 512 bytes Request sence 03 3d Gives extended error code after normal error Execute drive diagnostics 90 144d This performed when the device is first powered on 41 Example code in basic for ZXCF Dim p 512 Rem 512 bytes of data to play with Data 109 121 95 110 97 109 101 95 105 115 95 115 112 101 99 116 114 117 109 32 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 32 32 36 Restore For a 1 to 512 Read d Let p a d If d 36 then restore Next a If In 1983 gt 127 then stop Rem check if drive ready Out 1727 160 rem set head LBA 24 27 drive Out 1471 0 rem cylinder high LBA 16 23 Out 1215 15 rem cylinder low LBA 8 15 Out 959 1 start sector LBA 0 7 Out 703 1 how many sectors Out 1983 48 Rem set to write 512 bytes For a 1 to 512 Out 191 p a nexta Out 1983 32 Rem set to read 512 bytes For a 1 to 512 Let p a In 191 nexta For a 1 to 512 Rem show contest on screen Print Chr p a Next a Note that you might corrupt the contents of your CF card and might need to reformat it 2 upg Second slot Tecnical notes T O 31d Write is the drive cf slot select 0 first 1 second drive ZXUSB Tecnical notes T O 127d R W data buffer T O 63d Read bit 0 RXF bit7 TXE Write Memory bank control RXF do not read data buffer TXE 1 do not write data buffer Memo
6. Enables underline mode Disables underline mode Enables wrapping at the end of a line Disables wrapping at the end of a line 29 Null channels The Z gt channel simply discards all output that is sent to it It always returns a CR character ASCII 13 when it is read from so the INPUT command always returns an empty string This can be handy if you wish to execute a command which produces output that you do not want The channel specifier for the null channel type is simply Z gt Null channels support all the pointer operations EN ptr FN ext and POINT Example Here is an example program that does nothing much at all 10 OPEN 4 Z gt 30 CAT 4 40 INPUT 4 x 50 CLOSE 4 TapelO The TapelO package is an optional package that you can install on ResiDOS which gives you the ability to load and save directly to TAP and TZX files on your flashdrive as if it was a real tape This means that you can take advantage of the thousands of TAP and TZX emulator files available and use them with your Spectrum The most important commands to use are TAPEIN and TAPEOUT Each of these takes the name of a TAP or TZX file Thereafter and standard LOAD commands that would normally access the tape will be redirected to whichever TAP TZX file you specified in the TAPEIN command Similarly any standard SAVE commands that would normally access the tape will be redirected to the TAP TZX file specified in
7. address For example e CLEAR 39999 LOAD FATfs CODE 40000 Then the ROM can be installed by using the following form of the INSTALL command INSTALL name address n As before the n value is optional To install the package just loaded in the previous example use e INSTALL FATfs 40000 Managing alternative ROMs You can see a list of all the installed ROMs in your interface by using the following commands the second version includes hidden ROMs used by the system but not selectable by the user ROMS e ROMS You can uninstall any ROM using the following command this only removes it from the interface memory not from the flashdrive e UNINSTALL name 16 Once you have installed some ROMs as described in the previous sections they are available for instant use whenever you switch on the Spectrum To use the features of an installed package see the documentation for that package To switch to an alternative BASIC or run an Interface 2 ROM use the following command e ROM name For example having installed the ROMs above we could use either of them like this e ROM SEBASIC e ROM jetpac If you specify an Interface 2 ROM it will immediately start Pressing the reset button will reset the ROM To return to ResiDOS you will need to either reset your interface and the Spectrum together or switch off the power completely and then switch the system back on If you are activating a B
8. any autorun file will not be able to be loaded 14 You can disable the autorun file with the following command AUTORUN Using optional packages alternative BASICs and Interface 2 ROMs ZRXCF 8308313 Sami Vehmaa ResiDOS 2002 7 Garry Lancaster Version 2 00 128K mode Memory 1024K Total 784K free Copyright 61982 87 Amstrad ple The RAM in your interface can be used to store alternative versions of BASIC or Interface 2 ROM images Once they have been added you can start them up at any time using a simple command Additionally ResiDOS can be enhanced by loading optional packages which provide additional features such as new commands and access to other types of filesystems such as the common FAT 16 type used on PCs Installing ROMs You can install ROMs in one of two ways e either directly from a file stored on your flashdrive e or by first loading the ROM into memory from tape or flashdrive Suitable ROMs for installation include ResiDOS specific packages alternative BASICs such as Gosh Wonderful SE BASIC or Sea Change or Interface 2 ROMs such as those originally released by Sinclair or unreleased prototypes from Parker which have recently come to light Installing ROMs from a file If you have copied a ROM to flashdrive then install it with the following commands e CLEAR 32767 INSTALL filename n The first command reserves space for the installation process and the second perfor
9. any number from 0 to 15 if one of the standard streams 0 3 is specified then its original assignment is replaced with the new channel specified The value of c is either a single character representing one of the Spectrum s standard channels K S or P or a string specifying a new extended channel The exact form of the channel specifier is documented separately for each new channel provided but generally it consists of a letter followed by a gt character optionally there may be further parameters inside the string usually separated by commas If you want to calculate a value for a parameter this is perfectly possible just remember to use the STR function to build up the string For example to open stream 5 to a region of memory specified by the variables addr and len use the following command OPEN 5 m gt STR addr STR len CLOSE stream This command closes a stream flushing any output that might be buffered If the stream was one of the standard streams 0 3 then it is re assigned to its default channel ie K for streams 0 amp 1 S for stream 2 and P for stream 3 For example to close stream 5 CLOSE 5 20 FN ptr stream This function returns the current position of the the pointer in the stream specified Not all channels support this function see the documentation for individual channels For example to find the position of the pointer in stream 5 LET pos FN ptr 5
10. at same time 2 USB 3 CF Do note that this is one slot only you need 2 upg module for second slot with optional Kempston Joystick interface The interface is a autoconfig no jumper to be set for spectrum model 1024KB onboard memory On USB there are 2 USB type A connectors slot 1 amp 2 at present only slot 2 will work with one drive connected this is a software limit and hopefully will change in the future Please visit my ZX Spectrum DIY page at regular basis for news information ZXMATRIX Interface is a platform for both USB amp CF on CF mode ResiDOS versions ZXCF ZXCF 2 can be used In USB mode ResiDOS ZXUSB is used REMEMBER TO CHECKOUT MY SOFTWARE PACKAGE FOR RESIDOS USBstick amp CFcard is refered as flashdrive ZXCF ZXCFk ZXCF ZXCF 2 are refered as ZXCF This manual has been updated to ResiDOS v2 25 Installing ResiDOS is simple First download the appropriate version of the installation software for your interface and load it into your Spectrum The software is provided in the form of an emulator TAP or TZX file so you will need to transfer it using software such as playtzx or an emulator You ll find suitable software on the World Of Spectrum site Once it s transferred just LOAD it into your Spectrum and follow the simple on screen instructions on page 43 there is some info on MP3 versions During installation the program will confirm the size of your interface s RAM Once you have changed the jumpe
11. flashdrive itself so when swapping flashdrive there is no need to set these details again ResiDOS commands are easy to enter under any version of BASIC from the standard keyword driven 48K BASIC to the more recent versions such as SE BASIC and Gosh Wonderful which allow commands to be entered letter by letter For all commands the characters shown on this website are completely optional They re only required if the command would otherwise be accepted by BASIC eg in most BASICs LOAD name would load a program from tape so you need to use LOAD name to load a program from flashdrive For BASICs which use keyword entry eg standard 48K BASIC it s also usually convenient to start commands which don t have a keyword with simply to take the Spectrum out of K mode and into L mode On single character entry BASICs like SE BASIC or Gosh Wonderful there s no need to bother with the leading Additionally commands which are not present as Spectrum keywords such as LOAD and SAVE may be entered as upper or lower case or a mixture although they are always shown in capitals on this manual If you are using a single character entry BASIC then they will usually accept keywords in lower case as well Finally commands can be abbreviated to save you from having to type in the entire command name This is done by adding a character to the partial command name ResiDOS will make a guess at the command desired and fill it in for you As
12. on the amount of RAM in your interface The maximum number of tasks allowable is 16 this is only possible on a 1024KB ZXCF range or ZXMATRIX interface The menu options described below allow you to manage your tasks quickly and easily Managing Tasks The options available are shown on the task manager screen Simply press the highlighted letter to select the option Cursor keys up and down 22 Use these to move the highlight up and down the task list ENTER Re enters the highlighted task New Creates a new task activates it and resets the Spectrum into BASIC Don t worry all the other tasks are still there Copy Makes a copy of the highlighted task Delete Deletes the highlighted task Purge Deletes all tasks except the highlighted task Rename Renames the highlighted task Task names are up to 16 characters long Border Sets the border colour for the highlighted task Since it isn t possible for ResiDOS to know the border colour it makes a guess which is sometimes wrong You can change that here before saving a snapshot Snapshot Saves a snapshot of the highlighted task onto the flashdrive in the standard Z80 file format This can be reloaded later using the MY SNAPLOAD filename command which can load any 48K or 128K snapshot in Z80 or SNA format Other options Turn off Spectrum This takes you to a special shutdown screen from which you can turn off the Spectrum in safety When you switch back on the Task M
13. path For example the following are all valid locations A ev 2i oN e Oe Sy e docs letters e f zcode infocom zork Locations can be included with filenames in any command that uses them eg SAVE LOAD CP see files for more information Setting the default drive user area or path You can set the drive which is used by default to any you like if you don t use this facility then ResiDOS will use A as the default drive and 0 as the default user area To set the default drive user area or path use the commands e CD e e CD 3 e CD 5d e CD games e CD e data new If you wish you can make your preference permanent by adding the character to the end of the command For example to make E the default drive and have ResiDOS remember this preference every time you switch on use CD E To make a path permanent you must specify the drive to which it applies Each drive has its own default path so you can set permanent paths for multiple different drives For example e CD A games e CD e data new Creating and deleting directories You can create directories with the MD or MKDIR command e MD advents e MKDIR c advents level9 You can delete directories with the RD or RMDIR command They must be empty before they can be removed e RD games e RMDIR data test Showing the current location One final command that is available is P WD w
14. saving files to the extra memory as a RAMdisk ResiDOS includes emulation of these RAMdisk commands which work in both 128K and 48K modes Setting up the emulated RAMdisk ResiDOS always uses user area 15 of drive M to hold RAMdisk files it uses the flashdrive rather than memory and so can store a lot more files than the 62K or so that the 128K Spectrum can manage In order to use the RAMdisk commands therefore you must first map drive M to a suitable partition Here s one suggested way to ensure you always have a 500K RAMdisk available whenever you start the Speccy e PARTITION RAMdisk 500 MAP M RAMdisk Alternatively if you want to share a partition that you already use this is quite safe as the RAMdisk always uses user area 15 whereas the normal default user area is 0 remap it to drive M as follows If this is the drive you want to use by default for normal file operations on user area 0 for example you can also do that as shown e MAP M name e CD 0M If you are map drive M to a partition on a FAT flashdrive using the optional FAT fs package then you should be slightly more careful Since FAT filesystems don t support user areas using the RAMdisk will affect all files in the current directory of the flashdrive there is no user area protection as with DEDOS partitions So be careful if you decide to do something drastic like ERASE Using the emulated RAMdisk Once it has been set up
15. you can use all the standard 128K BASIC commands that access the RAMdisk The only limitations are that you cannot currently load or save DATA files or perform MERGE operations as these facilities are not yet available in ResiDOS Some example commands are CAT LOAD name SAVE name LINE 10 LOAD name SCREENS 13 As well as being able to configure ResiDOS to automatically set up drive mappings and default drives when you boot up you can customise it in other ways All permanent settings are held in a special system file called residos cfg which is saved on the first available partition of your system This is a text based configuration file so if you wish you can edit it on your PC Mac as well as using the normal ResiDOS commands If you switch flashdrive then a new config file will be created on the new flashdrive This allows you to keep different settings for different flashdrive for example the AUTORUN file will probably need to be different If you prefer to keep the same settings you can simply copy the residos cfg file across from one flashdrive to the other You can stop the permanent settings and automapping from happening if you hold down the CAPS SHIFT key whilst booting the Spectrum You can also delete all permanent settings in one go by deleting the residos cfg file Custom colours You can choose custom colours which will be set every time the Spectrum starts up rather than the usual bo
16. ASIC ROM the Spectrum will restart using that BASIC You can then use ResiDOS commands as normal and the additional features of the particular BASIC you have chosen The new BASIC will remain as the default one even if you switch off the Spectrum and turn back on again To return to the original BASIC you can simply select the Standard ROM for example e ROM Standard Alternatively hold down the CAPS SHIFT key while the Speccy is booting up and the standard ROM will be automatically re selected One final feature is the ability to switch off the interface memory altogether and use your Spectrum s built in ROM without having to unplug the interface or set the upload or disable jumper this is useful for 128K Spectrums To do this use the command e ZX ResiDOS can operate in a number of different modes depending upon the configuration of your Spectrum The two basic modes of operation are e 128K mode 48K mode When ResiDOS starts up it displays the current mode on the title screen If you have a 48K Spectrum then 48K mode is the only possibility For 128K Spectrums ResiDOS will usually start up in 128K mode 128K Mode In ResiDOS 128K mode behaves in the same way as what is often referred to as USR 0 mode this mode is usually required by demos and modern programs from Russia and other countries Normally 128K Spectrums enter this mode by typing USR 0 in 128K BASIC This mode gives access to all the special ha
17. LIHAT IS USER MANUAL USER MANUAL By Sami Vehmaa 2008 2010 rev 1 4 Contents Introduction Page 3 Installation amp setting up Page 4 6 Entering commands Page 6 Partition management Page 7 8 Drives directories and paths Page 9 10 Using files Page 10 13 128K RAMdisk emulation Page 13 Customising ResiDOS Page 14 16 Using alternative ROMs Page 17 Spectrum Modes Page 17 18 BREAK and error trapping Page 18 19 Extended channels and streams Page 19 21 Packages optional extras Page 21 22 The Task Manager Page 22 23 Channels package files windows and more Page 23 30 TapelO Loading saving from TAP TZX files Page 30 33 FATfs FAT 16 filesystem Page 33 ZX80 emulator Page 34 ZX81 emulator Page 35 Tape2cf Page 36 TapeFile Page 36 37 ZXZVM Page 37 38 IDESPEED Page 38 Melbourne Draw Tasword 2 Page 39 Different ways troubleshooting Page 40 Technical notes Page 41 42 Software package Page 43 Final words Page 44 Thanks for supporting my work on interfaces I hope this interface will bring you a lot of fun for many years to come This is something new for the ZX Spectrum range of computers it adds USB universal serial bus HOST interface to your computer What does it offer It depends on the configuration you bought it in By having same pcb for 2 different interfaces I can still offer a lowcost CF interface 1 USB amp CF Choose by jumper in what mode you wan t to run it in Possible in future both USB and CF socket works
18. PLOAD snapname SNAPLOAD snapname Changing BASIC auto run status It is not possible to MERGE files in ResiDOS but you can change whether or not a BASIC program auto runs using the LINE command LINE filename line If you specify a line number of 0 then the BASIC program will no longer auto run Cataloguing files To show a list of all files on the current drive in the current user area use one of the following CAT DIR You can also specify a string containing a drive path and or user area to see files in that particular location otherwise the defaults are assumed The string can also contain a filename or wildcards and will display only those files which match the string Additionally you can add the character at the end of the command to show all files including system files 11 which are normally hidden together with the attributes for each file Some additional information is also given for BASIC and CODE files saved by ResiDOS Finally you can specify a stream number so that you can for example print the catalog listing This also applies to all other commands in ResiDOS which just produce a listing of information Some examples are e CAT d games e DIR 15C e CAT bas e CAT e test e DIR 3 c Deleting files To erase files from the drive use one of the following commands e ERASE filename e ERA filename e Y Y DEL filename
19. SC I ESC o ESC p ESC q ESC r ESC u ESC v ESC w Moves the cursor to the given position r is the row number plus 32 and c is the column number plus 32 If the position is beyond the edge of the window the cursor is moved to the edge of the window Sets the foreground ink colour c can be either a Spectrum colour 0 to 7 or a colour value compatible with Locomotive s 3 CP M implementation as follows e 32 black e 34 or 35 blue e 40 or 44 red e 42 or 47 magenta e 64 or 80 green e 66 or 83 cyan 72 or 92 yellow e 740r 95 white Sets the background paper colour c can be either a Spectrum colour 0 to 7 or a colour value compatible with Locomotive s 3 CP M implementation as follows e 32 black e 34 or 35 blue 40 or 44 red e 42 or 47 magenta e 64 or 80 green e 66 or 83 cyan 72 or 92 yellow e 74 or 95 white Erases all characters from the start of the window up to the cursor including the character under the cursor The cursor position is not affected Enables the cursor blob Disables the cursor blob Saves the cursor position Restores the cursor position as saved by ESC j Erases all characters on the current line The cursor position is not affected Erases all characters from the start of the line up to the cursor including the character under the cursor The cursor position is not affected Enables reverse video mode Disables reverse video mode
20. an example of the flexibility of the system here are a number of ways to enter the same command which lists the partitions on your flashdrive e PARTITIONS PARTITIONS e partitions e Partitions e PAR p Entering functions From v1 81 ResiDOS contains its own built in functions that can be used as parts of expressions in the same way as other functions They are entered as if they were user defined functions as the FN keyword followed by the function name and a list of parameters in brackets Optionally you can use a sign between FN and the function name A couple of examples of using ResiDOS functions in expressions are GOTO FN ERL 1 PRINT 100 FN ERR Note that some of this section is concerned with creating and managing partitions on IDEDOS flashdrives so if you are using FAT flashdrives with the optional FATfs package then much of it does not apply However it is still possible to list partitions on FAT flashdrives with the PARTITIONS command Partition management The IDEDOS system used by ResiDOS allows you to divide your flashdrive up into many separate partitions which can each be assigned to a drive letter and used for storing files You can have as many partitions as you like on your flashdrive but due to memory constraints it may not be possible to map them all at one time Partitions can be one of two types data for holding files and swap for use as temporary workspace by programs or t
21. anager will start up again and you will be able to continue exactly where you were with all your tasks still running On software package is windemor demo se it in action 23 The channels package provides a number of new channels for use under ResiDOS Most of these are compatible with the extended channels of the ZX Spectrum 3e although there are also several important additions After installing the package in order to make use of the new channels you will need to read the information on extended channels The channels provided are e File access I gt O gt and U gt String variables V gt e Memory regions M gt Text windows W gt Null Z gt File channels Streams may be opened to any file in one of three different access modes input using the I gt channel output using the O gt channel and update using the U gt channel In input and update modes the file must already exist or an error will occur In output mode the file is deleted if it already exists and then a new file is created Once the file is open it can be input from if opened in input or update modes or output to if opened in output or update modes Because of file buffering it is essential to CLOSE any file channel before finishing otherwise data may be lost The channel specifier for all file channel types requires the filename of the file to follow the gt character File
22. and CLOSE commands and ResiDOS also fixes the bug with the Spectrum s CLOSE command so that it is safe to use Machine code programmers also have comprehensive access to these extended channels see the programming section for details Once a stream is open to a channel you can send output to it and receive input from it using any standard Spectrum BASIC command that allows a stream number to be specified Additionally most ResiDOS commands that display output may be redirected to a stream allowing you to capture and manipulate such information For example any of these commands are allowed 19 PRINT 5 Some text INPUT 7 a LIST 4 9000 LPRINT 4 x LLIST 10 CAT 6 bas roms 15 partitions 8 pwd 2 Yomap 4 Yotapelist 9 Additionally ResiDOS provides two additional functions and a command to read write the current position in the stream and to read the size of the stream not all channels support these operations EN ptr stream EN ext stream POINT stream position ResiDOS does not actually provide any extended channel types itself these may be provided by various optional packages The most important of these is the channels package which you are encouraged to download and install Commands and functions for streams and channels ResiDOS uses the following commands for manipulating streams and channels OPEN stream c This command opens a stream to a channel The value of stream can be
23. channels support all the pointer operations FN ptr FN ext and POINT It should be noted that files on IDEDOS disks are always stored as a number of 128 byte records and so you may read rubbish at the end of a file if it is not an exact multiple of 128 bytes in length To avoid this problem you should write some code or signature at the end of your file which you can detect when reading it back Alternatively you could write the number of bytes or entries in your file at the start This problem does not exist for files on FAT disks but it would be good practice to do this anyway since it will then allow your program to be used with files on both FAT and IDEDOS disks Examples OPEN 4 o gt test txt Creates a file named test txt on the default drive for output through stream 4 OPEN 5 i gt a test2 txt Opens a file named test2 txt on drive A for input through stream 5 OPEN 6 u gt c data list txt Opens a file named list txt in the data directory of drive C for update through stream 6 Variable channels The V gt channel can be used to direct output to or input from a string variable which can be easily manipulated within a BASIC program This would allow you to for example examine disk catalogs in your BASIC program or make an auto running game demo by inputting from a string containing set keystrokes The channel specifier for the variable channel type requires the name of the string variable to fo
24. d of ERASE if you prefer Note that a partition can only be deleted if there are currently no drives mapped to it You may also rename a partition using the following command e REN unit gt name newname Again you must include the unit identifier for this command otherwise it will assume you want to rename a file not a partition Finally you may display a list of partitions in a normal or expanded form using the following commands PARTITIONS e PARTITIONS This will show all partitions on all units Note that if you have other filesystem packages installed such as FATfs then some drive will show up more than once with different unit numbers Automatic drive mappings Normally when the Spectrum starts up ResiDOS automatically maps all the data partitions it finds to all the available drive letters If you don t like this behaviour you can manually specify your own drive mappings You can also turn off the automatic mapping feature with the command e AUTOMAP The feature can be re enabled at a later time with the command e AUTOMAP Mapping drives to partitions It is also possible to manually map drives to partitions so that you can choose which drive letters a particular partition uses When mapping a drive to a partition you can make the assignment permanent which means that ResiDOS will automatically make the same assignment every time the Spectrum starts up This is done by adding the character
25. e structure of your flashdrive Normally it automatically detects this and displays the details on the boot screen However if for some reason this doesn t work you can manually specify the parameters shown on the flashdrive itself or to be found on the manufacturer s website with the following command e DRIVE 0 977 10 17 The above command assumes your flashdrive is the master drive unit 0 and has 977 cylinders 10 heads and 17 sectors Once you have entered this command the details are permanently stored in your interface s RAM You can re enable auto detection for the master USB drive unit 0 with the command e DRIVE 0 If you want to disable detection of a flashdrive altogether to save a bit of time on boot you can do so with the following example command which disables detection of the slave flashdrive unit 1 DRIVE 1 0 0 0 When you re sure that ResiDOS knows the correct details you need to initialise the flashdrive Note that doing this erases everything currently stored on the flashdrive The command to use is e REFORMAT 0 15 This initialises the master flashdrive unit 0 allowing up to 15 partitions to be created You can specify any number you like for the number of partitions but note that the more you allow the slower certain partition management commands will be Each partition can be up to 16Mb in size I d recommend calculating the number you would need to completely fill the flashdrive and addin
26. efile is ejected and subsequent LOAD commands use the real tape again until another TAPEIN command is used However if you would prefer the tapefile to be rewound to the start then use the following command TAPEMODE 1 To revert to the default behaviour ejecting the tapefile use TAPEMODE 0 Transferring files between disk and TAP TZX files It s also easy to transfer files from within TAP and TZX files to separate files on your flashdrive There are commands available to transfer files with headers TAPEGET and TAPEPUT and also headerless files TAPEBGET and TAPEBPUT For details see the full command reference below 31 Troubleshooting All TAP files should work correctly with ResiDOS as well as some TZX files which use the standard Spectrum loading system However any TZX files using speedloading or other custom loaders will not work If a game appears to stop loading from a TZX file then it is likely to have a custom loader Using the TAPELIST command on such a file should show which blocks ResiDOS can see and help to show if it is a non standard loader program If you have a 128K Spectrum and find a game that fails to load please try again after selecting 48K mode with the SPECTRUM command Many games will only load in 48K mode by design and would have included instructions on the cassette inlay to switch to 48K mode before loading TapelO Command Reference Here is a complete list of al
27. es memory variables and extremely flexible text windows EATfs adds support for FAT formatted flashdrive 21 TapelO adds support for LOADing and SAVEing to TAP and TZX emulator files e TaskMan allows saving snapshots and switching between multiple tasks e ZX80 a ZX80 emulator e ZX81 aZX81 emulator The Task Manager The Task Manager is an optional package that you can install on ResiDOS Note that the current version v1 00 only operates with 48K tasks so you cannot save snapshots of 128K games You should also only attempt to run one 128K game as a task at a time otherwise the extra Spectrum memory will be overwritten by the 2nd 128K game This limitation will be removed in a future release When you press the NMI button on your interface the Spectrum immediately stops whatever it was doing whether you were in BASIC a word processor a commercial game or whatever and enters the Task Manager The Task Manager screen shows a list of the current tasks running on your Spectrum together with the menu options that are available to you When you first enter the task manager the task list will consist of just a single task named Task 0 which is whatever you were doing at the time To return to it simply press ENTER Using the RAM in your interface you can store several tasks at the same time and switch between them instantly from the task manager screen The number of tasks you can have running at once depends
28. et address is given as zero 0 then a VT52 compatible window is created instead of a 3e compatible window Note that the character size has no bearing on the way the window is defined but it does affect the number of actual columns you have available For example the following defines a window the size of the entire screen but because a character size of 5 is specified the number of characters that can be printed in the window at any time is 24x51 OPEN 5 w gt 0 0 24 32 5 Window channels do not support the pointer operations However the set position operation POINT can be used to change the region of memory to which window output is sent Normally this is the standard Spectrum screen address 16384 but it can be set to any 8K boundary This is mostly useful for machine code programmers as it allows them to perform window output directly to the 128K Spectrum s alternate screen at 49152 in page 7 for example 3e compatible windows When PRINTing to 3e compatible windows you can use many of the same control functions as you can with the normal screen For example apostrophe start a new line comma start a new column TAB AT INK PAPER FLASH BRIGHT INVERSE OVER Of these only AT behaves slightly differently it takes y to be a pixel line and x to be an actual character column When first defined windows are in non justified mode but they can be set to be left full or centre justified Note that in
29. f the filesystems This program is available on the hard disk images at the top of this page due to the 675K file containing the screen data ResiDOS users can also simply copy the files below onto a FAT disk for transfer purposes e idespeed bas e idespeed c e screens dat_ 38 The classic drawing application patched to save amp load to a ResiDOS drive The following files can be copied direct to your ResiDOS drive mdraw bas mdraw c Full instructions may be found in the WOS archive Melbourne Draw on Sinclair Infoseek The classic word processor patched to save amp load to a ResiDOS drive The following files can be copied direct to your ResiDOS drive tasword bas tasword c tutor txt Full instructions may be found in the WOS archive Tasword 2 on Sinclair Infoseek 39 Softrom Interface 1024KB 16 gives 64 pages to play with OUT 4278 page 0 31 64 enable memory write 128 write to sram read Spectrum ROM This last bit 7 128 turns of reading of sram but if you write at same address 0 16k it actually writes to sram bit 6 needs to be set in this way you can transfer code to sram by Spectrum basic OUT 4278 page 0 31 and sram is switched in Spectrum always resets to bank 0 with memory write protection on Other pages can be paged in and run by m c Above adress 4278 is for ZXCF ZXUSB use 63 Interface II Sinclair game ROMS are loaded in by INSTALL Now you can actually have se
30. g CAPS SHIFT BREAK 18 e pressing SPACE or n at a scroll prompt e entering STOP in an INPUT statement Error trapping All other errors except for OK Program finished and STOP statement can be trapped using the ONERR command This takes any of the following forms allowing you to transfer control to an error routine or just call a subroutine before continuing with the program after the point where the error occurred e ONERR THEN GOTO line e ONERR THEN GOSUB line ONERR OFF Again the THEN statement is optional Your error handling routine can use any of the following new functions to determine what the error was They provide the error number line and statement respectively FNERRO FNERLO FNERS Additionally the following command makes the last trapped error occur as normal as if it had not been trapped REPORT As an example here is a program that turns on error trapping causes an error and lets the error routine output details of the error 10 SONERR GOTO 9000 20 PRINT Hello 30 PRINT PRINT f 40 PRINT Never get here 8999 STOP 9000 PRINT Error code was FN ERR 9010 PRINT Error line was FN ERL 9020 PRINT Error statement was FN ERS 9030 PRINT Now causing error 9040 SREPORT ResiDOS provides built in support for accessing new extended channels in addition to the three standard K S and P channels Streams can be opened and closed using the normal OPEN
31. g several more for a bit of elbow room So a 1Gb flashdrive could use about 1000 16 63 partitions and you might wish to specify around 80 From v1 92 it is possible to share a flashdrive between ResiDOS and another filesystem such as FAT To do this you need to limit ResiDOS to using a limited number of cylinders on the flashdrive The command to use is e REFORMAT 0 15 200 This formats the master flashdrive as before but only the first 200 cylinders will be used by ResiDOS leaving the rest available for other filesystems For more information on how this works and how to create an effective shared flashdrive see the explanation on the 3e website about sharing disks note however that the syntax of 3e commands differs from the ResiDOS syntax described here Once the flashdrive is initialised you only ever need to do this once you can use the partition management commands to add some partitions for storing your files Switching flashdrive To switch to using a flashdrive you can use the following command DRIVES This will unmap all existing flashdrives and re detect your flashdrive automatically mapping any drives back again as it would do on boot Your BASIC program and all other data will be unaffected by this process so it s a very useful command for transferring files from one flashdrive to another Note that once your flashdrive is initialised ResiDOS stores its details about cylinders heads sectors etc on the
32. games and apps Latest ResiDOS install includes FATfs so you can access FAT formated flashdrive TapelO package allows you to LOAD and SAVE to TAP and TZX emulator files Type ROMS it shows all packages installed and at what page in the ZXMATRIX s sram chip ZXMATRIX There are some jumpers buttons switches on the interface depending on what configuration you got it The jumper left to the battery is removed when 2upg Module is mounted RST RESET NMI Interrupt UC USB CF mode DB USB debug mode UPL Upload this is used when installing ResiDOS on the interface put jumper in or switch to Upload and reset the spectrum and load ResiDOS ZXCF Technical notes T O CF card is working in mem mode by a 8bit data bus on I O 791 On board memory is supported by a CR2032 backup battery that prevents content be lost when Spectrum is switched off Residos is uploaded to sram and is paged in on first 16k of memory space of Z80 rom is switched out Paging is done on I O 4287d Bit 0 5 memory pages max 1024KB Bit 6 unset protects memory Bit 7 set memory is switched off 10BF 4287d memory control 00BF 0FBF 191d 1983d CF control 07BF 1983d Status Command 06BF 1727d LBA 24 27 drive 05BF 1471d LBA 16 23 04BF 1215d LBA 8 15 03BF 959d LBA 0 7 02BF 703d Sector count 01BF 447d Error Feature 00BF 191d data buffer xx9F 159d fast data buffer ZXCF 2 only feature 07BF 1983d
33. he operating system Other types may be added in the future Note that no programs currently require swap partitions but there is no harm in creating one for future use Commands exist to allow you to create and delete partitions and assign them to drive letters Unlike some inferior operating systems this can all be done from BASIC and there is no need to reset your Speccy at any point Creating deleting and listing partitions You can create a partition using one of the following commands which create data and swap partitions respectively e PARTITION name size e PARTITION name size 2 To identify which unit a partition is to be created on the number can be included at the start of the name followed by the unit number eg 0 gt Documents or 1 gt Games If you don t specify the unit then unit 0 is assumed Names can be up to 16 characters long this doesn t include the unit identifier and are not case sensitive The size for a partition can be given in kilobytes K or megabytes MB with a maximum size of 16 megabytes allowed A number smaller than 256 is assumed to be a size in megabytes a number larger or equal to 256 is assumed to be a size in kilobytes You can delete a partition together with any files that are stored on it using the command e Y ERASE unit gt name In this command you must specify the unit number as otherwise it will be assumed you are trying to erase a file You can use ERA or DEL instea
34. hen you enter LOAD or SAVE a menu appears with several transfer options Choose the ResiDOS file option to LOAD or SAVE to a file named zx80 0 on the default flashdrive It is not possible to specify other files from within the emulator since the ZX80 does not use filenames This means that after saving a file you are advised to exit the emulator by resetting the Spectrum and rename it for safe keeping Full details of using the ZX80 emulator including the option of copying programs directly from tape to flashdrive are on Paul Farrow s website A useful source of ZX80 snapshots is this website 34 The ZX81 emulator is written by Paul Farrow and allows you to emulate a ZX81 on your Spectrum This package requires a 128K Spectrum since the normal Spectrum screen is used by the ZX81 for program data and the alternate screen only available in 128K Spectrums must therefore be used You will receive an out of memory error if trying to run in 48K mode After installation you can start the emulator with one of the following commands zx81 e zx81 snapshotfile The first command simply starts up the emulator leaving you at the K prompt The second starts the emulator and runs the named snapshot file which must be in the standard ZX81 P snapshot format All snapshots should work including high resolution games It is also possible to LOAD and SAVE programs from within the emulator When you enter LOAD or SAVE a menu appea
35. hich simply prints the current working directory ie the current user area drive and path PWD Filenames consist of an 8 character name optionally followed by a full stop and an extension of up to 3 characters The characters allowed are e letters A to Z upper or lower case there is no distinction e numbers 0 to 9 e the following characters _ Although extensions are not needed by BASIC or ResiDOS you may find it helpful to name files in a consistent way so that all BASIC programs have an extension of BAS for example Some example filenames are prog TEST BAS puzzle e screen scr e test2l z Wildcards Some commands can have wildcards provided in their filenames These are used to match multiple files The following wildcard characters are allowed e matches any sequence of characters matches any single character Wildcard characters can be used in either the name or extension part of the filename Some examples are e e bas e c test b 10 LOADing and SAVEing files You can load and save files to and from the flashdrive using the standard LOAD and SAVE syntax but adding a sign after the command name For example e SAVE hello bas LINE 10 LOAD piccy SCREEN Note that DATA files are not currently supported although BASIC programs CODE files and SCREENS are If you attempt to SAVE a file when one already exists with the same name the existing file w
36. ill be renamed by changing its extension to BAK before the new file is saved If there was an existing BAK file of the same name it will be automatically deleted You can also LOAD any type of file that was not created by the Spectrum standard PC text files for example using LOAD name CODE If you do not specify a start address then 32768 will be used as the default Such files can alternatively be LOADed using the SCREEN keyword although this obviously only really makes sense if they are Spectrum screen dumps Additionally snapshot files in the standard SNA or Z80 file formats including those saved by the Task Manager which are in Z80 format can be reloaded using the command SNAPLOAD snapname This command can load 48K and 128K snapshots although you will get an out of memory error if you try to load a 128K snapshot when in 48K mode Note also that the command decides which format the snapshot is in from the file extension so be sure to name your snapshots with the appropriate extension Z80 or SNA To aid compatiblity with certain snapshots there are two additional options with this command Use to make the snapshot loader use a small amount of screen memory normally it uses the stack area which is okay in most cases Use to run the snapshot using the Spectrum s built in ROM rather than the patched one used with ResiDOS Either or both of these options may be used eg e SNAPLOAD snapname e SNA
37. justified mode some features and control codes cannot be accessed so you may need to switch back to non justified mode to use them Input is supported in 3e compatible windows If you use INKEY then the keyboard is simply scanned and a character returned without anything being output to the window If you use INPUT then a cursor is added to the window at the current position The user can then input any text desired using the left and right arrows to move along the text input so far or the up and down arrows to move to the start or end of the text The DELETE key deletes the character to the left of the cursor and the ENTER key completes the input Depending upon memory available the entire size of the window can be used in the input although care is taken to ensure that no input character is ever scrolled off the top of the window An absolute maximum of 255 characters is allowed in the input line A complete list of control codes follows these codes can be sent to a window by PRINTing them using the CHRS function If a code is preceded by j then it will be ignored if issued in justified mode however their settings will still be taken into account for example you can justify double width text but you must set it before entering justified mode If a code is preceded by e then it can only be used in justified mode if the embedded codes feature has been set which requires more memory to be allocated for the channel 0 Turn j
38. l the commands supported by the Zape O package including several options and variants that aren t described above Please read carefully to get the most out of this package TAPEIN filename Redirect all tape LOAD commands to use the TAP or TZX file specified TAPEIN Redirect all tape LOAD commands back to physical tape TAPEOUT filename Create a new TAP or TZX file and redirect all tape SAVE commands to it TAPEOUTS filename Open an existing TAP or TZX file and redirect all tape SAVE commands to it appending to the end of the file TAPEOUT Redirect all tape SAVE commands back to physical tape TAPELIST List the contents of the current input tapefile TAPELIST n List the contents of the current input tapefile to stream TAPEWIND n Wind the tapepointer by n blocks positive is forwards negative is backwards TAPEWIND n Wind the tapepointer to block number TAPEWIND Rewind the tapepointer to the start of the tapefile TAPEGET diskname Copy the next file with a header from the input tapefile onto disk using the specified name for the disk file TAPEGET Copy all files with a header from the input tapefile onto disk translating names to fit in the 8 3 name format TAPEBGET diskname Copy the next block could be a header or data block from the input tapefile onto disk using the specified name for the disk file TAPEBGET diskname Copy the next block could be a header or data block from the input tapefi
39. le between PC Mac and tape start the emulator and enable Interface 1 support Then load the tfe tap file in and follow the instructions 36 On your Spectrum load the tfr tap file in this will install itself to your flashdrive thereafter you can just load the tapefile bas program This works in a similar way to the emulator side tfe tap TapeFile emulator end tfe tzx TapeFile emulator end tfr tap TapeFile ResiDOS end tfr tzx TapeFile ResiDOS end Wes o House a7 ZORK I The Great Underground Empire Copuright cc 1981 1982 1983 Infocom Inc All rights reserved A ZORK is a registered trademark of Infocom ne Revision 88 7 S rial number 846726 West of House z You_are standing in an open field west of a white house with a boarded front door There is a small mailbox here gt open mailbox A Opening the small mailbox reveals a leaflet gt on You h a i the niddle of the Z Inforcn v 14 amp life above you urk nearby John Elliott s excellent ZXZVM originally available for the 3 3e and PCW series has now also been ported to ResiDOS It enables you to play Infocom s superb interactive fiction games as well as hundreds of modern games written over the last few years This port allows you to choose your preferred colours and character set as well as to send a transcript to your printer and save load positions to flashdrive The installation program guides you through your optio
40. le onto disk using the specified name for the disk file Copy the entire block including the block type and parity byte which are normally stripped out TAPEPUT diskname Copy a disk file into the current output tapefile complete with an appropriate header TAPEBPUT diskname Copy a disk file into the current output tapefile as a headerless block of type 255 TAPEBPUT diskname n Copy a disk file into the current output tapefile as a headerless block of type n n n 32 TAPEBPUT diskname Copy a disk file into the current output tapefile as a headerless block but don t add a type byte or parity byte TAPEMODE n Set the behaviour for what happens when the end of the input tapefile is reached O eject 1 rewind TAPEMODE n Set the behaviour for what happens when the end of the input tapefile is reached 0O eject 1 rewind Make this behaviour permanent TAPEMODE n Set the behaviour for what happens when the end of the input tapefile is reached 0 eject 1 rewind Remove any permanent behaviour Directory a r pkgs lt DIR gt lt DIR gt ZxS1 PKG 16K zx350 PKG SK TASKMAN PKG 4k ES PK 7K PKGINST BAS 2k OK 0 1 This package adds support for reading and writing to FAT16 formatted flashdrives to your ResiDOS system This is incredibly useful since all PCs and Macs can use this format of flashdrive This means copying files including other packages upgrades to ResiDOS snapshots and Inf
41. llow the gt character Variable channels support all the pointer operations FN ptr FN ext Q and POINT 24 The string specified must be a character array with a single dimension large enough to hold the maximum amount of data you expect to have to deal with Example Here is an example program that outputs a list of installed ROMs to a string 10 DIM a 1000 20 OPEN 8 V gt a 30 Y roms 8 40 LET I FN ptr 8 50 CLOSE 8 60 PRINT Assignment length is 70 PRINT List is 80 PRINT a TO 1 Memory channels The M gt channel can be used in a very similar way to the variable channels However as it is a fixed memory region it is more suitable for use by machine code programs The channel specifier for the memory channel type requires the address and length of the memory region separated by a comma to follow the gt character Memory channels support all the pointer operations FN ptr FN ext Q and POINT Example Here is an example program that outputs a disk catalogue to memory and then runs a machine code routine to process it 10 CLEAR 29999 20 OPEN 7 M gt 30000 1000 30 CAT 7 40 LET x USR myroutine 50 CLOSE 7 Window channels The W gt window channels are the most complex of the extended channels currently available on ResiDOS Two different types of window with very different behaviours are available 3e compatible windows These windows are the default
42. ms the installation The name of the ROM kept by ResiDOS will be the filename excluding any extension after a The number n should be any of the following values added together as appropriate 15 e 0 for a package or an Interface 2 ROM or any other ROM that does not require ResiDOS support e 1 fora BASIC ROM e 16 to install the ROM into the writeable RAM part of the interface memory the non writeable ROM part is used by default e 32 to disable the NMI button for this ROM only affects BASIC ROMs If you don t specify a value then the default of 0 will be used If you are installing a package then any value except 0 will be ignored since packages include their own information telling ResiDOS how they should be installed Note that it is generally advisable to only store BASIC ROMs into the non writeable ROM part of the memory since unless they have been specifically patched they tend to overwrite themselves A couple of examples are CLEAR 32767 INSTALL SEBASIC ROM 1 INSTALL c jetpac rom 0 e INSTALL FATfs pkg Installing ROMs already loaded into memory An alternative installation method is to load the ROM image into memory and then install it directly from there Since this allows you to load from tape it is handy for installing packages like FATfs when you don t have access to the flashdrive To use this method first CLEAR to a suitable address and then load in the ROM to above this
43. ns Once installed load it with LOAD resizvm bas You can use TapeFile to transfer some suitable games from your PC Mac Hundreds of free games can be downloaded the best place to start looking is at the Interactive Fiction Archive ZXZVM can play games in the zcode format sometimes known as z machine Inform or Infocom and is capable of playing version 3 4 5 7 37 and 8 games This includes all the Infocom games except the last few graphical games only a few of these can be downloaded free however Activision still sells compilation CDs of the rest e ZXZVM includes documentation e ZXZVM source for those interested IF archive for game downloads This program runs a series of Performance tests using the file SCREENS DAT which contains 100 Loading screens Press ENTER to start This program tests the data transfer speed of your hard disk system Several tests are performed using a data file containing 100 screen images Transfer speeds are checked from the filesystem and swap partitions Also note that the transfer speeds are highly dependent upon the filesystem being used the filesystem which is tested is the one to which you have copied the screens dat test file Currently the FAT filesystem on ResiDOS is much slower than the IDEDOS filesystem available on both 3e and ResiDOS If you have a swap partition transfer tests will be performed using this as well this will give higher speeds than either o
44. ocom games for ZXZVM between your PC and Speccy becomes extremely easy Once installed any FAT16 formatted flashdrives can be accessed using LOAD SAVE and all the other ResiDOS commands The current version has the following limitations which will be addressed in a future release e no support for FAT32 or FAT12 flashdrives e no support for long filenames e partitions cannot be created renamed or deleted by ResiDOS Note that from ResiDOS v2 01 this package is automatically installed together with the base system You may however uninstall it at any time or upgrade reinstall it with the following downloads 33 K RAM PACK 165K RAM PACK 32K RAM PACK c 2002 PAUL FARROW V2 05 The ZX80 emulator is written by Paul Farrow and allows you to emulate a ZX80 on your Spectrum This package requires a 128K Spectrum since the normal Spectrum screen is used by the ZX80 for program data and the alternate screen only available in 128K Spectrums must therefore be used You will receive an out of memory error if trying to run in 48K mode After installation you can start the emulator with one of the following commands zx80 e zx80 snapshotfile The first command simply starts up the emulator leaving you at the K prompt The second starts the emulator and runs the named snapshot file which must be in the standard ZX80 O snapshot format It is also possible to LOAD and SAVE programs from within the emulator W
45. of hardware which is incompatible with ResiDOS such as Microdrives or a Wafadrive etc It is also useful for switching from the ZX mode s 128K BASIC back into ResiDOS without having to switch off ZXCF range Disable ResiDOS OUT 4287 128 Re enable ResiDOS OUT 4287 64 amp ZXMatrix in CF mode ZXUSB Disable ResiDOS OUT 63 128 Re enable ResiDOS OUT 63 64 BREAK and error trapping ResiDOS contains facilities to detect BREAK and error conditions and have them handled by your own BASIC program instead of simply having an error message produced This allows you to write more professional looking BASIC programs which can t be broken in to and which can cope with expected errors such as being unable to find a file requested by the user for example You are advised to SAVE your work before running any program with error trapping facilities as if you have made a mistake somewhere much trouble can ensue BREAK trapping You can prevent the user from BREAKing into your program with the ONBREAK command This has two forms to stop BREAK from being effective use ONBREAK THEN CONTINUE The THEN keyword is optional and used to make entering the CONTINUE keyword easier on normal keyword driven BASICs On single letter entry BASICs there is no need to use it To restore the normal operation of BREAK use ONBREAK OFF Note that BREAK trapping prevents the user from stopping the program in any of the following ways e pressin
46. rdware of the 128K machines the sound and extra memory but without access to the 128K BASIC editor and commands Under ResiDOS the 128K RAMdisk commands and SPECTRUM command are also available in fact they also work in 48K mode This mode is recommended for loading 128K programs Some 128K programs will not load in this mode since they check to see if 128K BASIC is active In such cases you must disable ResiDOS and restart into 128K BASIC with the ZX command 17 IMPORTANT NOTE The current version of the Task Manager does not understand that some tasks might run in 128K mode and use the whole 128K of memory and will not save 128K snapshots It is possible to have a single task loaded which uses the extra memory of the 128K Spectrum and switch between that and other tasks However if two 128K programs are loaded there will be problems This will be addressed in a future version 48K mode Some games will not work correctly in 128K mode For these you can use the SPECTRUM command to force the computer into 48K mode until the next reset If you always want to work in this mode the command SPECTRUM will make 48K mode active every time the computer is switched on To disable this mode and re enter 128K mode on the next reset use the SPECTRUM command Disabling ResiDOS It is possible to temporarily disable ResiDOS and then re enable it whilst leaving any program in memory unchanged This can be useful if you have some piece
47. ring old black on white To do this use the normal colour commands but followed by By using the percentage sign you specify that the current colour scheme including the new colour you are just setting will be used whenever you boot Additionally you can use the new ATTR command to specify all colours together this is calculated as ink paper 8 bright 64 flash 128 The commands are INK n PAPER n BRIGHT n FLASH n e ATTR n Note that because the sets all the current scheme as default the following examples have the same effect and set a default colour scheme of yellow ink on blue paper INK 6 PAPER 1 INK 6 PAPER 1 Autorun files You can also set an autorun file This must be a BASIC program which can do whatever you like which will run automatically on boot or just whenever you enter the special AUTORUN command To set an autorun file use one of the following commands e AUTORUN filename e AUTORUN filename You may specify a drive and or user area with the filename otherwise the defaults will be assumed These two commands differ because with the second case the autorun file will automatically be loaded every time you reset or NEW your Spectrum The first command stores the filename but will not load it unless you enter the following command e AUTORUN Note that you can hold the CAPS SHIFT key down when booting to stop drives from being automatically mapped so
48. rs switch on your interface as instructed the Spectrum will reset and you should see the ResiDOS boot screen appear Upgrading to a new version of ResiDOS When a new version of ResiDOS becomes available installation is even easier Just load the installation program from tape as normal and it will automatically detect your existing version You can then choose to upgrade and the system will be automatically updated leaving all your installed ROMs and tasks still in the interface s memory If you choose to re install the normal installation procedure will occur This will wipe all the packages ROMs and tasks from your interface s memory If you have the FATfs package installed then instead of loading from tape you can simply copy the installation files onto your FAT 16 flashdrive and LOAD them from there Setting up your flashdrive From v2 00 ResiDOS can work with flashdrives formatted to one of two different filesystems e IDEDOS including 3DOS FAT You can use any combination of IDEDOS and FAT flashdrives If you have two flashdrives you can format one with IDEDOS and one with FAT If you have only one flashdrive you can choose either system It is also possible to divide a single flashdrive between IDEDOS and FAT IDEDOS or FAT FAT has the following advantages All PCs and Macs can read and write to FAT flashdrive so transferring files between your PC and Spectrum is extremely easy Each partition can be up
49. rs with several transfer options Choose the ResiDOS file option to LOAD or SAVE to flashdrive The file will be saved or loaded with the name given in the ZX81 LOAD or SAVE command which may include drive letters user areas and paths It is advisable to save files with the P extension although this is not required Full details of using the ZX81 emulator including the option of copying programs directly from tape to flashdrive are on Paul Farrow s website A useful source of ZX81 snapshots is this website 35 Written by Bali this excellent program allows you to copy tape based programs directly onto your flashdrive The process is largely automatic although you will need to modify BASIC loader programs after the transfer so that they access the flashdrive rather than cassette 1 Copy file to tape 2 Load tape to file Choice L This utility allows you to transfer files of any size between your PC Mac and your Spectrum using cassette tape for the transfer It could also be used simply to backup programs from your flashdrive onto cassette To use the program you will need an emulator which supports the Interface 1 and can re direct RS232 input and output to files Such emulators include EightyOne for Windows Z80 for DOS Windows and Fuse for Unix Mac OS X note that at the time of writing this facility is only available if you re prepared to download and build the emulator from the latest CVS sources To transfer a fi
50. ry bank control bits works same as on ZXCF ZXUSB has 2 USB slots Slot 2 is used for single USBdrive it can be a USB adaptor with M2 miniSD SD CF MMC Memorystick and many more you can use USBmemory sticks probably USB HDD not tested USB slot 1 this is possible to be used for pheripal s this can be various things like a keyboard mouse printer floppydrive ethernet card webcam you name it Only flawn here is the software we are at the begining after some months we probably should see some use of the slot Hardware requirements ZX Spectrum 48k 48k ZX Spectrum 128k 2 ZX Spectrum 128k 2A 3 42 OPTIONS l MATRIX Introduction CF7 I Introduction A m DOS s tup TAP ra 5 E Screenshot not accurate On my homepage there is a file software zip unzip it and put files on a FAT 16 formatted flashdrive To launch it type LOAD run You will find most if not all apps covered in this manual more ResiDOS installation for all my interfaces all package files There is also a folder MP3 and you will find ResiDOS installation in MP3 format for all my interfaces Now you can easily load ResiDOS to your interface with a MP3 player computer phone There is also a BETA version of DEVICES pkg with demo app If you are into coding USB devices this might be some fun to you Ohh it s for USB mice amp keyboard No support is given if you can t make it run don t ask it s beta
51. the TAPEOUT command In order to redirect access to tape simply use the TAPEIN or TAPEOUT 30 command without a filename For example to load up Jetpac from a jetpac tap file use the following commands e TAPEIN jetpac tap e LOAD we To create a TZX file containing your latest masterpiece so that it can be loaded by an emulator use commands such as e TAPEOUT myprog tzx SAVE My Program LINE 10 e TAPEOUT Controlling the tapepointer Some more useful commands that are available are TAPELIST and TAPEWIND The first of these lists out the contents of the current TAP TZX file being used for input ie the last one specified in a TAPEIN command It also shows which is the next block that will be LOADed with a cursor similar to the cursor in a BASIC program listing With the TAPEWIND command you can wind the tape pointer forwards using a positive number or backwards using a negative number by a number of blocks or to a specific block number using the option If you do not specify any number then the input tapefile will be rewound to the start For example use the following commands to wind the tape in different ways and see the result on the tapelisting TAPEWIND 3 e TAPELIST e TAPEWIND 2 TAPELIST e TAPEWIND 6 TAPELIST TAPEWIND Finally you can also change the behaviour when the last file is loaded from the input TAP TZX file Normally when this happens the tap
52. to 2GB in size when FAT32 support is added even this limitation will be removed IDEDOS partitions are limited to 16MB although there is no limit on the number of partitions e Files can be organized into directories IDEDOS has the following advantages e IDEDOS drives can be directly used by the 3e IDEDOS drives can be used with the ZXVGS operating system e CP M which may be ported to ResiDOS soon needs IDEDOS drives e Swap partitions which could be used by games and other apps are only currently available on IDEDOS drives Setting up a FAT flashdrive ResiDOS cannot directly format FAT flashdrives Instead format your flashdrive with your PC You need one or more FAT 16 partitions In Windows XP this is done by selecting FAT as the format type do not select FAT32 as the FATfs package does not support it at the time of writing Then simply insert the flashdrive into your interface and reset the Spectrum It should be automatically detected and mapped to one or more drive letters shown on the startup screen Setting up an IDEDOS flashdrive Before you can use your flashdrive it needs to be initialised with the IDEDOS system ResiDOS can work with two different physical flashdrives normally known as the master and slave unit in all the following commands the first number given identifies the unit number which is 0 for the master and 1 for the slave The first thing to do is make sure that ResiDOS understands th
53. to the end of the mapping command Such permanent mappings happen before the automatic mapping takes place so you can permanently map your favourite drives and let automatic mapping take care of the remainder The commands to map drives to partitions are e MAP drive name e MAP drive name Similar commands are available to remove mappings from drives Using the character here means that any permanent assignment associated with the drive will also be removed e UNMAP drive UNMAP drive Finally you can obtain a listing of the current drive mappings with the following command in which you can optionally specify a stream number for the output ie stream 3 is often used for the printer MAP MAP 3 The location of a file is determined by one or more of the following pieces of information e drive a letter from A P e user area a number from 0 15 e path a list of directories separated with the or character Drives are available for all filesystems User areas are only supported by IDEDOS drives Directories and paths are only supported by FAT drives You can specify any all or none of the pieces of information above when naming a file Any missing information is provided by the current default drive user area or path which can be changed using the CD command see later When specifying locations the user area must come first followed by the drive followed by a colon followed by the
54. type and provide the same facilities as those provided by the ZX_ Spectrum 3e except that under ResiDOS input is also supported These windows support Spectrum style control codes so that you can use normal PRINT items such as INK PAPER and AT amongst others in your PRINT commands they also support Spectrum tokens and graphics characters so that you can use LIST directly for example VT52 compatible windows These windows are created when you specify a character set address of zero see below for details These windows broadly emulate a subset of the VT52 terminal and so use completely different control codes to the 3e compatible windows They are intended for applications such as CP M and internet application console windows They support only the standard ASCII character set not Spectrum tokens or graphics characters Additionally they do not support line input only non echoed character input is 25 provided The channel specifier for the window channel type requires the following values separated by commas to follow the gt character top line 0 23 leftmost column 0 31 height 1 24 width 1 32 and optionally character size 3 8 and character set address If no character size is specified the default is 8 If a character set address is given then this is used instead of the built in fonts this allows you to use nice fonts such as those provided with art programs and adventure games If the character s
55. ustification off 1 Turn justification on 2 Save current window contents 3 Restore saved window contents 4 26 Home cursor to top left Home cursor to bottom left i 6 Tab to left or centre of window PRINT comma Scroll window 0 8 0 9 10 Move cursor left Move cursor right Move cursor down 11 Move cursor up 12 13 Delete character to left of cursor Start new line PRINT apostrophe 14 Clear window to current attributes 15 Wash window with current attributes e 16 1 Set INK n 0 7 e 17 n Set PAPER n 0 7 e 18 n Set FLASH n 0 1 e 19 1 Set BRIGHT n 0 1 e 20 n Set INVERSE n 0 1 e 21 n Set OVER n 0 1 j 22 y x Set cursor to pixel line y character size column x j 23 n TAB to character size column n e 24 n Set attributes n 0 255 G 25 n If n 1 then characters 165 255 will be printed as UDGs with data located at the end of the standard UDGs If n 0 then characters 165 255 will be printed as BASIC keyword tokens the default e 26 n Fill window with byte n Attributes are affected but not cursor position e 27 n Fill window with character n Attributes and cursor position are affected G 28 n Set double width n 1 or normal width n 0 e 29 n Set height n 0 normal 1 double 2 reduced 3 double reduced 30 n Set justification mode 0 left 1 centred 2 full O 31 1 Allow embedded codes in justified mode if n 1 27 VT52 compatible
56. veral roms installed and switch between them Transfer files from Interface 1 Microdrive ZXMATRIX or ZXCF needs to be plugged after Interface 1 if this is to work Boot to ResiDOS LOAD from ZXMATRIX or ZXCF if you are to save something to Microdrive OUT 4287 128 disables ResiDOS LOAD SAVE to Microdrive OUT 4287 64 LOAD SAVE to ZXMATRIX or ZXCF adress 4278 is for ZXCF ZXUSB use 63 40 The edge connector is a cut ISA 16 it s not 100 Spectrum Check that there is no cracks on the soldering if so re solder it On some Spectrums you can t have it inserted all in pull out some 4mm in some cases this is seen on the 5V rail on the interface it drops to appr 2 5V If interface can t keep memory on power off check battery it should not be less than 3V when it s mounted on the interface Spectrum turned off if so replace it If you are having load saving problems then either your flashdrive is broken or it s incompatible with the interface I recommend using SanDisk brand CF cards from regular 1x speed to Extreme II 133x speed runs fine you won t get any benefits on the faster CF card If you having problems during installation not finding all memory problems with CF cards R W error problems with USB then you probably have a fault M1 line on your Z80 cpu exchange cpu only applies for ZXCF ZXCF 2 ZXMATRIX When installing ResiDOS NMI has no function by installing Taskman package you get some new functions like snapshot
57. windows VT52 compatible windows behave very differently from 3e compatible windows and are most useful for applications such as CP M and internet console applications They do not support line input INKEY and INPUT are allowed but are implemented as non echoed character input or non ASCII characters such as the Spectrum tokens and graphics characters By default these windows operate in a non wrapping mode when the end of a line is reached text does not wrap automatically to the next line unless CR and LF codes are issued and with a visible cursor although these modes can be changed The full list of control codes supported is as follows other control codes are ignored 7 BEL Sounds a beep 8 BS Moves the cursor 1 character to the left and replaces the character under the cursor with a space If wrapping is enabled and the cursor is already at the left it moves to the rightmost position of the previous line unless it is already on the top line 10 LF Moves the cursor down line scrolling the window up if necessary 13 CR Moves the cursor to the leftmost column of the current line 27 ESC Introduces an escape sequence or a literal character The following escape sequences are interpreted If an ESC character is followed by any character other than those in this list then that character is output as a literal without any further interpretation directly to the window and the escape sequence is terminated ESCA
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