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i41CX+ Mini-Manual

1. For example the infix notation expression 3 4 6 42 requires 8 keystrokes to obtain the answer In RPN this would be 3E 4 6 42 That is a saving of 2 keystrokes for this very simple calculation For more complex calculations RPN can save a considerable number of keystrokes In fact RPN is never less efficient than infix notation so in general it can be said that RPN is more efficient Once you fully understand the logic of the Stack you are ready to calculate more efficiently than with algebraic or infix notation Operators such as the operator used in the above example operate on the values in the X and Y registers Unary or single argument operators such as SIN operate on the value in the X register There are many commands in i41CX that provide powerful and flexible ways to manipulate the stack registers such as rolling the stack up or down swapping registers etc In addition to the stack registers there is a special register the A register which can hold up to 24 alphanumeric characters for use in prompting displaying messages results etc Functions and Commands 141CX includes a rich and comprehensive set of functions The HP 41CX came with 244 functions accessible by the user i41CX contains all the functions and operations that were supported by the HP 41CX and the HP82143A printer and over 100 new functions specific to i41CX These include functions that integrate device hardware and OS feat
2. CATALOG ENTER 4 SF Version 7 0 Id1CX Y 42Z 1 414214T 2 718282 L i BL fa AD USER 1410X PRGM y x 10 VK LOG m CATALOG ENTER 4 x Y SF High Tech Obligue 44 Skins Collection Continued catalog enter chs sy SF sd NE sy BEEP Z2 P gt 3 x2 r x VIEW R S VIEW R S La Pomme La Pomme Mies Version 7 0 45 Skins Collection Continued Y 197 T IH ISS8c B SH ASIN lt XEq cataiog enter sy SF Wa E 8 sy BEEP A PR 5 PRP E SCI ENG 3 VIEW EE VIEW R S LED Blue LED Green Version 7 0 46 Skins Collection Continued LED Grey Version 7 0 LED Magenta 47 Skins Collection Continued 141CX YE 4229 1 4142147 2 718282 4 bd drea 8 De EIER IEA USER DEO LILI ALPHA GE ta a A Sin cos1 TAN A ASN WISEN M ON use ere PRGM ALPHA gt ya x 10 ex Ed 111 1x vx LOG LN A B C D E Sin cos TAN CLS KO EE E E E ASN Cl a M CATALOG RTN CLX A GIE E N x S T D PR R P CATALOG HIN CLX A EZE ES ba Ra x 7 LED Red Version 7 0 48 Skins Collection Continued IZO EEE EIE 27162620 4d S ese SY u EX 2 E EJ Ex ES EA SS ESS WS CATALOG CLAX A Elie b e me ai A lt d ba v vil Se e H o J Gris Version 7 0 IZO EEE EIE 27162620 AH deda El sl ES E EJ Ex ES E
3. 141CX The Premier Scientific Engineering Calculator for iOS Devices 141CX PRGM Vx LOG K ENTER ABN 93 701 239 587 Copyright 2008 2014 AL Software IO MECT A DC bd E PP MR Table of Contents Introduction Calculator Features Printer Features i41CX Settings Historical Perspective Memory Programming The Stack and RPN Functions and Commands Keyboard or Front View i41CX Views Expansion and Application Pacs Hierarchy of Storage Hardware and OS Integration Module HP 41 Library of Expansion Pacs Manuals and Overlays Financial Decisions Pac Turn i41CX into an HP 12C Advantage Pac Turn i41CX into an HP 15C and HP 16C 141CX MATH Module Fast and Full Precision Math Functions and CAS Exchanging data and programs Sounds Graphics Mode Tips and Tricks Display Status Bar Display Clock Use the Stopwatch Copy and Paste Data Version 7 0 O O O O A 10 11 13 16 16 17 20 22 23 23 26 27 28 29 29 29 29 29 Turbo Program Execution Mode Navigate the Flags Registers Usage amp Examples and Quick Reference Tables Quickly Switch Module Port Pickers Revert Display Colors Printer Ink Color and Calculator Speed and Quickly Remove Active Overlay or Module Automatically Display Keyboard Overlay Use the HP 41CX Text Editor Use the Mail Composition Window as a General Purpose Editor Expand the available memory and program in MCODE Unit conversions Take advantage of i41CX s non m
4. Synchronize time amp date with the device s system clock Maintain time and date across application launches Disabling Synchronize Time and enabling this option makes it possible to maintain a different time zone independent from the device system time Function as HP 41CV rather than HP 41CX Select Notification Center widget type iOS 8 and later Disable built in 141CX module Specify whether to load modules by ports or memory pages Specify how to handle characters that are not available in the HP 41 character set Default Value ON OFF Calc Printer Front amp Back to address com OFF OFF Classic Rectangular Classic Regular OFF OFF OFF OFF New ON ON OFF Stack Registers OFF OFF Use instead of Setting Save Text Files In Line Numbers Description Specify location for saving extended memory text files Specify whether line numbers are used when importing or exporting programs in text format Text Editor 141CXED and CAS Create New Files In Keyboard Configuration Default Keyboard Arrow Keys Auto Hide Macros Return Shows Macros Macro Insertion Point Lowercase Line Length Warning Create Fancy Output Auto Show Fancy Email Fancy Output As Always Load gnuplot Auto Show Plots Overwrite Plots Default Plot Title Printer Appearance Power At Launch Start With New Roll Version 7 0 Specify the location for new
5. logsz Hyperbolic functions cosh sinh tanh cosh sinh tanh Bessel functions Jo J1 Jn Yo Y1 Yn Combinatorics Cr nPr n Error functions erf erfc Gamma functions r x lnT x T s x y s 1 P s x Q s x Greatest common divisor GCD and least common multiple LCM Lambert W function Wo z Wutz Prime number functions primality test next prime Euler s totient function p n Two argument arctan function atan2 y x Beta functions B z y B r a b I a b Digamma function v x Exponential integral functions F z E x E x Logarithmic integration function li x In addition to these advanced numerical functions i41CX contains a very powerful and flexible computer algebra system CAS function The CAS function is based on REDUCE a system for doing scalar vector and matrix algebra and arbitrary precision numerical calculations The capabilities of the system include but are not limited to the following e Expansion and ordering of polynomials and rational functions e Substitutions and pattern matching in a wide variety of forms e Automatic and user controlled simplification of expressions e Calculations with symbolic matrices e Arbitrary precision integer and real arithmetic e Facilities for defining new functions e Analytic differentiation and integration e Factorization of polynomials e Solving a variety of algebraic equations e Facilities for the output of expressions in a variety o
6. clock is a 12 hour h mm ss format This can be changed to display the time and date using the CLKTD function which will configure the clock display mode to show the time and date in 12 hour h mm MM DD format To configure the clock to display only the time use the CLKT function To switch between 12 hour and 24 hour formats use the CLK12 and CLK24 functions To return to the calculator press any key For more details on the Time module please see the HP 41CX manual Use the Stopwatch Executing the Sw function places the calculator in stopwatch mode The stopwatch can be started and stopped using the R S Run Stop key and cleared using the delete backspace key The stopwatch supports splits storing and recalling times etc The included Stop Watch keyboard overlay comes in handy when using the stopwatch To return to the calculator press SHIFT delete backspace Copy and Paste Data 141CX has comprehensive and flexible support for copy and paste operations Double tapping the main display allows copy and paste operations from to the X register or A register depending on the state of ALPHA mode If the mini stack display is enabled double tapping the mini stack area the area that the system status bar normally occupies allows copy and paste operations from to the stack registers X Y Z T and LastX Double tapping the paper roll allows copying the printout in text format Double tapping the Flags or Registers table allows copyin
7. In addition to the HP 41CX keyboard i41CX has special areas that when tapped perform operations such as switching between the various views accessing overlays modules copy and paste scrolling displaying the system status bar when the mini stack display is enabled etc There are 3 primary views the Calculator Front the Calculator Back the Printer that further contain numerous secondary views to access and configure features and settings These are initially accessed through the front calculator and printer views The i41CX Views table lists the views that are used to access various features and to perform adjustments to settings in addition to the aforementioned Global settings Version 7 0 11 Carrier F 11 34 PM Tap either of these areas to access printer Tap to access module ports calculator speed data load save and clear memory options ICH FRGM ALPHA Tap to access keyboard overlays sounds volume Alpha keyboard selection and display colors Tap to add remove modules Tap to return N to the front Swipe to TE Calculator access options and other info Settings Load Data EA Default 4 Speed Clear Memory O Save Data About i41CX Calculator Information View Version 7 0 Carrier F 12 00 AM Tap either of these areas to access calculator Swipe the paper roll to scroll Configure ink color Turn printer on off Clear paper roll and create new one Cut paper roll
8. Mail copy Save or print paper roll O Printer Information View 12 141CX Views Views Functions How To Access Perform calculations Tap application icon CALCULATOR FRONT Access other views Copy Paste Select keyboard overlay Tap overlay clip button Select calculator skin Select display style Calculator Settings Picker Change display colors Set sounds volume Select alphanumeric entry method keypad or system keyboard Display Color Controls Set display foreground and background colors View printer output Tap left or right edge of X register display or swipe Print current display contents horizontally depending on Create new paper roll global setting for horizontal swipe gestures action PRINTER gida roll Select printer mode Turn printer sounds on off Mail printout in text format Save printout to Photos Album as JPG image Set print color Set print color color Tap color settings button Enable disable program control of print color Tap i button on bottom Printer Information View information about printer controls right of Printer view Printer Color Controls Load unload modules Tap center of X register Load Savedata display or swipe vertically if Load Save data vertical swipe gestures are View application information enabled in the global Clear calculator memory settings Set calculator speed CALCULATOR BACK never
9. Numerical Keyboard Switch between the enabled keyboards with horizontal swipes in the text area To edit the contents of a macro tap and hold the button down for 1 second or longer Instances of n in macros are automatically converted into new lines This makes it possible to create macros with text spanning multiple lines and to create a Return key Assign Wb to a button to create a backspace delete key Assign c to a button to create a clear key Assign cb to a button to create a key that clears batch CAS output Assign r to a button to create a silent return key that doesn t invoke CAS execution in interactive CAS sessions Text surrounded by characters is used as the label for the button For example if a macro button contains LABEL the button will display LABEL in a larger font instead of the actual contents of the macro Special labels DF E INFINITY INT Pl PROD SUM are automatically displayed with the corresponding mathematical symbol The insertion point after tapping a macro button can be specified in the macro itself using MW If a specific insertion point location is not specified the insertion point is placed after the first first space first newline or at the end of the macro in that order Set the Default Keyboard option to Macro and enable the Auto Hide Macros and Return Shows Macros options to make the macro keyboard the primary keyboard A CAS
10. display Note that both 41 CXED and the MAIL composition windows support device rotation so the contents can be viewed in landscape The 141CX CAS environment provides complete access to the calculator registers and flags They can be accessed within the CAS environment using the following variables e Stack Registers x reg y reg z reg t reg L reg e Alpha register a reg e Data Register nnn data reg nnn e Flagn flag reg n Any changes made to these variables in the CAS environment are reflected in the calculator registers upon completion of the CAS operations To maintain data typing intact between the calculator internal registers and the CAS environment strings in the calculator register variables in the CAS environment need to be surrounded with double quotes e g if a register contains the string ABC the corresponding variable will contain ABC instead of just ABC and non normalized numbers NNN are treated as strings e g if a register contains Oxaabbccddeeff the corresponding variable will contain 0Oxaabbccddeeff Upon completion the values of the calculator registers are updated based on the values of the variables in the CAS environment Therefore to write a string to a calculator register in the CAS environment include the surrounding double quotes as part of the string e g to write the string FOO assign the corresponding variable in the CAS environment with FOO so that the CAS variable contains
11. distribute the released version of the source code along with corresponding source modifications in the form of a patch file is granted with same provisions 2 through 4 for binary distributions This software is provided as is without express or implied warranty to the extent permitted by applicable law Version 7 0 56
12. files Select which keyboards are active and their ordering Select the keyboard system macro or numerical first shown when the text area is tapped for editing Select whether to show arrow and other keys in 141 CXED If enabled the 141CXED macro keyboard is replaced by the standard keyboard after a macro button is pressed If enabled the 141CXED macro keyboard is shown whenever the Return key is pressed on the system keyboard Specify the location of the insertion point when a macro is inserted using the macro keyboard Specify whether to use lowercase in CAS output Specify whether to set the text to a warning color when any line exceeds the maximum line character limit If enabled CAS output will be automatically generated in the fancy format that can be viewed in a more natural mathematical format with 41 CXED Enabling this option is equivalent to including fancy output at the beginning of CAS input files If enabled 41 CXED will automatically render fancy CAS output and LaTeX source when it first opens and when interactive CAS output generates fancy output If disabled rendering can be triggered by tapping the translucent button on the top right corner of the text window Select fancy output email format If enabled the gnuplot package is loaded every CAS session Enabling this option is equivalent to including load package gnuplot at the beginning of CAS input files If enabled newly generated a
13. has no effect on the contents of the normal mode display Each character s segments can be set to the desired value using the GSETSEG function which takes two arguments The value in the X register specifies the character location 0 11 and the value in the Y register specifies the segments value for the character The current value of the segments for a given character can be obtained using the GGETSEG function which takes the character position 0 11 argument from the X register The stack displays Y Z T and L can be controlled in a similar fashion The GSETST Y Z T L functions set the contents of the corresponding display to the contents of the Alpha register up to a maximum of 6 characters and GGETST Y Z T L copies the contents of the corresponding display into the Alpha register Version 7 0 28 Tips and Tricks As must be obvious from this mini manual which provides only a cursory overview i41CX is a very sophisticated application There are many features and capabilities that many users may not be aware of We will briefly mention some of them below Display Status Bar To display the system status bar when the mini stack display is enabled simply tap the mini stack display area the area that the status bar normally occupies The status bar will be shown for a few seconds and then it will automatically disappear Display Clock Pressing SHIFT ON places the calculator in clock display mode By default the displayed
14. load from the main Space Shuttle computer and served as an emergency backup for the highly accurate re entry calculations in the event of a main computer failure The PPC had a member who discovered by accident that with a certain key sequence he could access the internal instructions of the machine that are normally not available to the user The use of such instructions was called Synthetic Programming i41CX provides access to these as well These can be convenient to save program steps thereby saving execution time and program storage space as well as doing operations that are normally not possible through normal programming means Programs can be thought of as consisting of a sequence of key strokes Thus the simplest program consists of simply entering the normal calculation sequence in program mode and being able to execute it repeatedly thereafter More complex programs can use looping branching subroutines conditional execution indirection etc The Stack and RPN The stack memory registers are labeled X Y Z T and LastX and are unique to the HP calculators Version 7 0 9 The LastX register always contains the last value of the X register This can be helpful in spotting entry errors and for making corrections The X register is displayed in the main display and is the currently focused data The Y register contains the previously entered X value The Z register contains the previous Y value The T register contains the
15. printer views As another example it is possible to switch between keypad and system keyboard ALPHA entry modes without having to first dismiss the system keyboard e g by tapping the ALPHA key With the system keyboard displayed tapping the overlay clip button will reveal the ALPHA entry button which can then be toggled to select the keypad for ALPHA input e 41CX Text Editor CAS Plot Viewer and LaTeX Document Viewer I 41CXED The keyboard can be hidden by tapping the filename being edited that is shown at the top center of the window This provides access to the font style font size color plots and mail buttons that are otherwise hidden when the keyboard is visible If a specified file doesn t exist in extended memory but matches the name of a saved text file the saved file is automatically accessed This allows files that are too large to fit into extended memory to be edited and used for CAS input output Setting flag 10 or 14 allows saved files to be overwritten so it is even possible to clear them Version 7 0 31 Tips and Tricks Continued I41CXED accepts arguments in the file1 file2 format If a comma is present in the Alpha register 141CXED uses the string up to the comma as the file name i e open the first filename This simplifies using 141CXED in conjunction with CAS which accepts separate input and output files separated by a comma I41CXED automatically detects fancy format CAS output If the Show F
16. the calculator display as in the iPhone version The printer and calculator locations can be switched by swiping horizontally in the calculator display or in the inactive printer area The locations are remembered across rotation changes and subsequent app launches Tapping the top of the screen reveals the status bar and a menu toolbar for a few seconds providing access to nearly all of the back view functionality module ports load and save data flags registers etc Hence the back view is only necessary for the About Clear Memory and Speed Slider features o D 1 ENTER 1 414213562 42 00000000 ON OFF Print Mode The iPad I41CXED macro keyboard supports 24 button user configurable buttons Version 7 0 35 Tips and Tricks Continued e iOS 8 Notification Center widget Your favorite calculator is now just a down swipe away from anywhere in iOS 8 so you can view and copy the most recent stack register values perform simple RPN calculations or use the full calculator without having to open the app Best of all the widget and the app share the same data and settings so the two are always in sync e Take advantage of 4 Retina screen devices i41CX supports the option to use the extra screen real estate on 4 Retina screen devices as anew scrollable mini controls view above a legacy sized calculator view The mini controls provide quick access to module ports Load and Save buttons and c
17. to send and receive emails with data or programs transfer the printouts to a computer to create actual paper printouts download data programs overlays modules etc from the web and even import data and programs from the system clipboard or using the iTunes file sharing feature The ability to share data and programs via email would be extremely useful in a classroom setting whereby the teacher could email the students some data and or programs or vice versa for handing in work Of course this could also become a conduit for cheating but that s true of any modern device with communication capabilities For example let s suppose that you have a program entered into the calculator and wish to send it to another i41CX user This is very simple with i41CX Just go to the back of the calculator and tap the Save button Scroll down to the label of the program that you wish to share and tap the Mail button A mail window with the program will pop up Enter the destination email address and send it Receiving data and programs from other users is even simpler Suppose that you received an email with i41CX data or program Open the email that you received with the iOS Mail application and scroll down to the bottom and tap the attachment and then select to open it with i41CX This will launch i41CX and you ll be asked to confirm saving the program If confirmed it will show up in the Load picker from where it can be loaded into the calculat
18. A GS ESS BZ III CATALOG CLAX A ET X y7 BEEP P R Sie Ki El A lt 9 ba v vil Se e li o C Gris Naked 49 Skins Collection Continued MENTES ON USER i41CX act x va Ry ASN WW CATALOG ENTER t x y SF Noir Version 7 0 USER y Ya R ASN e CATALOG ENTER SF 7 i41CX PRGM x2 E Noir Naked 50 Skins Collection Continued Version 7 0 Skinny 1410X PRGM 10 LOG LJ COS COS A C Pau th XEQ CATALOG ENTER Skinny Rectangular 51 Skins Collection Continued Version 7 0 1410X Vr sin XEQ CATALOG ENTER f e EZA LE Skinny Naked 52 Skins Collection Continued Version 7 0 Vintage 53 Acknowledgements 141 CX is literally built upon the shoulders of giants The HP 41 s success and popularity was in large part due to its active and avid user community The PPC run by Richard Nelson in the 1980 s and 90 s published newsletters containing programs submitted by users At one time the c 10 000 members Some of the work he collated into the PPC ROM whose prog relevant today and also serve as great reference material The commitment and the user coris euis mao the HP 41 one of the greatest and most popular hand iters calculators ever made i41CX users become part of the global HP 41 user community that continues to thrive use and en
19. G Save flags using filename specified in the Alpha register same as selecting the Save Flags Save picker item and entering the filename into the dialog e SAVREG Save registers using filename specified in the Alpha register same as selecting the Save Registers Save picker item and entering the filename into the dialog SAVTXT Save text file specified in the Alpha register e ocation Services i e GPS and digital compass COMPASS Obtain the magnetic heading and place it in the X register The heading is the angle starting at due north and continuing clockwise around the compass 0 north 90 east etc when in degrees The calculator s mode determines the units used for the heading degrees radians or gradients The accuracy in the same units as the heading is stored in the Y register e CURRALT Obtain the current altitude and place it in the X register Altitude is given in units of meters above positive or below negative sea level The accuracy of the altitude value measured in meters is placed in the Y register CURRHDG Obtain the current heading and place it in the X register The heading is the angle starting at due north and continuing clockwise around the compass 0 north 90 Version 7 0 18 east etc when in degrees mode The calculator s mode determines the units used for the heading degrees radians or gradients CURRLOC Obtain the current latitude and longitude coordinates and plac
20. IN Done Free Memory 36 GBytes ml mat 1 i 3 2 i 5 7 i 4 i 2 6 i 9 8 i 4 3 i 7 3 i 2 1 i 6 write m1 det m1 write trace ml trace ml write characteristic polynomial of ml char_poly ml eta 13213113131 precision CLEAR QIWIEIRITIYIUI I OJP matrix n m T AISIDIFIGIHIJIKIL limit 00 for loop CAS begin end New Line 141CXED Macro Keyboard Editing a Macro Version 7 0 33 Tips and Tricks Continued e Quickly Perform CAS operations CAS can be run interactively by specifying a text file followed by two commas in the Alpha register e g CASFILE When CAS is executed in this way it will automatically pop up a I41CXED full screen text editor window Pressing return at the end of a line causes immediate execution of that line and the output is inserted at the current insertion point i e immediately following the input line Alternatively an interactive session can be initiated by assigning CAS to a button of the macro keyboard and using that button to start CAS after opening a file with 141CXED Once an interactive CAS session is active the CAS macro can be used to batch process the contents of the file with CAS Interactive CAS sessions remain active until either the 141CKED window is closed with the Done button or explicitly quit using the various CAS termination commands e g sync and guit quit_with_error etc Yet another alternative guick and ef
21. Jun 1979 Hewlett Packard Stat Pac Quick Ref Spanish Apr 1980 Hewlett Packard Stress Analysis Pac Hewlett Packard Stress Analysis Pac Manual Aug 1984 Hewlett Packard Hewlett Packard Hewlett Packard Aug 1984 Hewlett Packard Hewlett Packard Surveying Pac Hewlett Packard Surveying Pac Manual Aug 1984 Hewlett Packard Hewlett Packard Hewlett Packard Hewlett Packard Hewlett Packard Sep 1983 Es O e Securities Pac Overlays Securities Pac Quick Ref Standard Applications Pac Standard Applications Pac Manual Aug 1980 Jul 1979 Standard Applications Pac Manual Spanish stat Pac Aug 1984 Stress Analysis Pac Overlays Structural Analysis Pac UN a O e c Ea A gt 5 e Lei un E HI c O 5 E Structural Analysis Pac Overlays Surveying Pac Overlays Surveying Pac Quick Ref May 1979 Thermal amp Transport Science Pac Thermal amp Transport Science Pac Manual Aug 1984 As mentioned earlier this is just the list of items that HP developed but there are many many more third party modules manuals and overlays the vast majority of which are available from HP41 org With the exception of modules that rely on special hardware e g Wand IR PRINT etc all of them are compatible with i41CX NO Version 7 0 Financial Decisions Pac Turn i41CX into an HP 12C Need to solve for any of the five standard compound interest variables N I PV PMT and FV Calculate th
22. LIMITED TO PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES LOSS OF USE DATA OR PROFITS OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY WHETHER IN CONTRACT STRICT LIABILITY OR TORT INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE Copyright 1986 1993 1998 2004 Thomas Williams Colin Kelley Permission to use copy and distribute this software and its documentation for any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted provided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and that both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear in supporting documentation Permission to modify the software is granted but not the right to distribute the complete modified source code Modifications are to be distributed as patches to the released version Permission to distribute binaries produced by compiling modified sources is granted d d HF tz F HF HF F Version 7 0 55 provided you 1 distribute the corresponding source modifications from the released version in the form of a patch file along with the binaries 2 add special version identification to distinguish your version in addition to the base release version number 3 provide your name and address as the primary contact for the Support of your modified version and 4 retain our contact information in regard to use of the base software Permission to
23. X SETCSPD Set calculator speed using the value in the X register Valid values are between 0 35 and 50 0 with 1 0 corresponding to the default speed Values outside this range are rounded up down to the closest values within the valid range This function is useful for speeding up calculation intensive portions of programs and running interactive display intensive portions at the default or lower speed NOTE The maximum allowed limit of the SETCSPD command applies when executed in a program If set beyond the normal valid maximum limit 4 0 the calculator speed will revert back to the normal valid maximum limit when the program stops running This allows faster program execution e Copy and Paste COPYA Copy the contents of the Alpha register into the clipboard COPYFLG Copy the flags table in text format into the clipboard COPYPRT Copy the printout as text into the clipboard COPYR Copy the contents of the specified register all if none is specified into the clipboard Valid arguments are X Y Z T LASTX A Rnnn and b e COPYSTK Copy the contents of the stack X Y Z T and LastX into the clipboard COPYTXT Copy the contents of the specified extended memory text file into the clipboard COPYX Copy the contents of the X register into the clipboard PASTEA Paste the contents of the clipboard into the Alpha register PASTER Paste the contents of the clipboard into the specified register If no argument is specified
24. Y 422 1 414214T 2 718282 4 4 dren USER Ile d PRGM ALPHA x2 vx X y Ry ASN E CATALOG ENTER a y SF 7 BEEP Bauhaus Version 7 0 4 15926554 ALPHA ya 1 x CLX HOA Ry ASN m CATALOG ENTER x y 7 BEEP Bauhaus Mies 40 Skins Collection Continued AW PS Seb A USER 41CX PRGM ALPHA ya 104 ex 1 x LOGI CLE cos OY Re E COS ASN GTO EE XEQ RCL CATALOG RTN CATALOG ENTER EEX ENTER 4 x y SF 7 BEEP 4 Classic Classic Rectangular Version 7 0 41 Skins Collection Continued 1410X Y 4927 1 414214 2 718282L eg rr Ee penen pe pm DI I VM ya a 10 e A 2 B 1 x C Vx DLOG E LN F Xy G R H SIN COS J TAN K XEQ L STO MRCL SST TER P EEX d 6 dr vu v de 5x 6 Xz 1 27 3 Classic Naked Version 7 0 l41CX Y 427 1 414214f 2 718282L sm per pum g nx e y t I A Ed B 1 x C Vx DLOG E LN a N Ac rA Fary G R H SIN COS J TAN ZS K d 7 gd A ha Tt V K XEQ L STO MRCL SST SO D Sa L D a f e B 4 Genuine best on iPhone 5 42 Skins Collection Continued 1410X Y 427 1 414214 2 7182821 Eo Em gre ges p m m ges pe High Tech Version 7 0 High Tech Black 43 Skins Collection Continued EK Y 42Z 1414214T 2 718282L_ 3 H S592659 USER Ile d ALPHA y 96 Y Ry ASN Ke K
25. alculator speed settings They are essentially a simplified version of the most frequently used controls on the back view of the calculator The mini controls can be enabled using the Mini Controls toggle switch in the Frequently Used Options section of the back view Carrier gt 5 57 PM Port 1 Port 2 I41CX MATH ADVANTAGE Port 3 de Port 4 CCD OSX k xeg sto ael catalog SG RTU enter chs eex de y P S E E F VIE VV R c3 Mini Controls Module Ports Shown Version 7 0 OS 8 Notification Center Widget Carrier F Notifications f i41CX v 3 141992004 9 Tomorrow You have no events scheduled for tomorrow Simple Calculator Widget Shown 36 Tips and Tricks Continued e Easily import export files using iTunes File Sharing i41CX files can be accessed using the iTunes File Sharing feature Moreover i41CX works around the iTunes inability to handle subdirectories by moving any items placed at the top level of the iTunes file sharing pane into the appropriate locations after you sync your device i41CX determines file types using the file extensions The following is the list of extensions for each file type File extensions are case insensitive Overlay PNG Program RAW or TXT Text File TXT Data File DAT Module MOD Registers REG Flags FLG HEPAX RAM RAM Configuration CFG State File SAVE Plot SVG Macro Keyboard KBD Have Some Fun The printer ink color can be ch
26. ancy Source global setting is enabled T41CXED will automatically display fancy output in a natural mathematical format Otherwise it displays a translucent button on the top right corner of the text window when it detects the fancy format Tapping the button displays the output in a more natural mathematical format The displayed fancy output can also be mailed in LaTeX format If the text contains begin document end document without the quotes I41CXED displays a translucent button on the top right corner of the text window that can be tapped to render and view the LaTeX content CASIN Done Free Memory 36 GBytes Factorize X store the N factors in ROO1 RN and place N in X defi EZ Cut Copy Paste for q part p i for j l part q 2 do gin x x 1 data_reg x part q 1 end end QIWIEIRITIYIUI T T OJP AT SIDIFIGIHIJIKIL EN Z XICIVIBINIM 123 space return I41CXED Text Editor Version 7 0 Now we can expand y 0 and 1 in terms of the energy eigenstates of the machine as follows ly 1 3 Bj 9 2 j where gt denotes the n th energy eigenstate of the machine Then y 0 H ly D x a B E kiki o Bi E and we obtain the final result E H On Ae 7 x KO a p E 3 l where the sum is over the energy eigenstates of the starting state of the machine LaTeX Viewer Screen 32 Tips and Tricks Continued e T41CXED Macro Keyboard and
27. anged while printing is in progress Varying the printer ink color can make for some funky looking rainbow printouts f you were are a fan of text based adventure D amp D games try the DUNGEON 41CX game that can be downloaded from here References and Resources The following are some links to information and resources e HP 41CX Related Warren Furlow s comprehensive The HP 41 Archive Website http www hp41 org Online HP 41 Manual http www greendyvk nl HP 41c manual index html PDF Versions of the HP 41CX Manuals 141 CX FAQ And of course a Google search for HP 41 will reveal many more REDUCE CAS Related Version 7 0 37 Online REDUCE User s Manual also available for download in PDF format here Documentation for packages and more is available at the REDUC I41CX Yi 4221 1 414214 2 718282L zs Se Zk I41CX4 ALPHA x a Sim cos TAN TEI Cu a ero SIN COS SIN GTO BST ASN BCL SST KEO RTN i CATALOG ENTER A EES CLX A CATA LO G ENTER N eg Y A i b n si lt h Alas P O d 1 ek y Bu gt Version 7 0 38 Skins Collection l41CX Y 42Z 1 414214T 2 718282L Coles d YI 42 Z ZEL NM mmu ON JI user VE EET did S4chs4 ALPHA ex LN E idm SIN cos 20828 H ASN LBL m s CENTER Aluminum Dark Metal Version 7 0 39 Skins Collection Continued I41CX
28. application and in the calculator back view can be used to automatically display the selected keyboard overlay only when USER mode is active This allows for quick and easy switching between the standard keyboard and the selected keyboard overlay without having to manually select and deselect the keyboard overlay using the overlay picker Use the HP 41CX Text Editor The HP 41CX came with a built in text editor for use with extended memory text files To invoke the text editor place the name of the extended memory text file in the Alpha register and then execute the ED function Use the Mail Composition Window as a General Purpose Editor While ED is neat and was useful on the HP 41CX 41CX users have a superior alternative to create and edit not just text files but also data and programs Because i41CX supports importing registers flags program and text file data from the clipboard this can be used in conjunction with the in app mail composition window as a general purpose editor environment For example to create a program execute any of the mail functions MAILA will do or use any of the GUI based mail features Mail button on the printer mail icons in the flags and registers tables or the Mail button in the Save picker to open a mail composition window Select all of the text and delete it Now enter the program When done entering the program select all of the text and copy it Tap the Cancel button to return to
29. calculator speed to golau speed Configure frequently used options View and copy flags table View and copy registers table View Search and copy Usage amp Examples View Search Quick Reference Guide View Search CAS Quick Reference Module Picker Load unload modules Tap a port in Back View Port 2 ADVANTAGE CCD OSX Load Picker Download programs or data from the web Tap Load button in Import program or data from the clipboard Valculator Back View Load program file Load register data file Version 7 0 13 Load HEPAX RAM file Load flag data file Load calculator state file Load Load configuration file Load text file Load data file Save registers Tap Save button in Save flags Calculator Back View Save calculator state Save Picker Save ee a Save configuration Save program Save text file Save data file Access Calculator Back View and swipe from left to right inside orange border until view is reached pra ED Keyboard Map ED keyboard map Swipe ED Keyboard Map from right to left Configure frequently used options Stack Frequently Used Options Display Dynamic Overlay and Sleep Enable Swipe Frequently Used Options from right to left MEE Flags Table View and copy flags table HHHHHH tt ii Registers Table View and copy registers table Swipe Registers Table from right to left View and sea
30. ch more This is the finest and most powerful scientific engineering financial business calculator for iOS devices bar none Calculator Features HPN logic with a 4 element deep memory stack 319 main and 600 extended memory registers Over 400 built in functions including over 100 functions created specifically for i41CX Time calendar alarm and stopwatch functions Four module ports provide access to HP 41 expansion pacs Hich set of functions and algorithms numerical mathematical statistical complex matrix numerical integration curve fitting solutions to equations and much more Powerful flexible and programmable Computer Algebra System CAS supporting symbolic arbitrary precision scalar vector and matrix algebra calculations 2D and 3D plotting and much more Full screen text editor with configurable font style font size color scheme a user configurable macro keyboard and a numerical keyboard The text editor also provides the ability to view delete and mail CAS plots and render LaTeX documents Access to the entire HP 41 library of solutions for science mathematics statistics engineering business financial surveying medicine real estate and many other domains Programmable virtually unlimited number of lines User definable keyboard Ability to operate the calculator using a Bluetooth keyboard Device integration external display mirroring copy and paste in app mail system keyboard GPS accelerometer dig
31. d version of this powerful system to OS devices giving them powerful computational capabilities This is one of the most sophisticated applications for Apple s iOS platform It is an implementation of the universal Scientific Calculator with a programmable capability that made the 41 in reality a powerful handheld programmable computer It was astounding for what could be computed and a large body of work was assembled by the Personal Programmers Club PPC under the encouragement and nurturing of Richard Nelson of the Educalc Computer store in California This work was continued and has been assembled by Warren Furlow who created the HP 41 Archive Website and who is the author of the V41 emulator for the Windows environment Because 41CX is an elaborate extension of the extremely powerful and versatile HP 41CX we created this mini manual to assist new users learn the enormous scope of the work and quickly understand the essence of each aspect that is special to i41CX so that they can quickly delve more deeply into the workings of this very special computational system A rich and delightful world of computation awaits anyone interested in such necessities Memory Computers depend upon memory to operate and provide answers The basic element of memory in the HP 41CX is the register Registers are like pigeon holes or mail slots behind the front desk of a hotel or like cells in a soreadsheet They can hold several types of elemen
32. duct web page He is without a doubt the most staunch supporter of i41CX and we are grateful for his contributions enthusiasm encouragement and valuable advice Last but not least we want to thank the volunteer beta testers that invested their precious time to make i41CX as bug free as possible Version 7 0 54 Legal Notices 141CX is Copyright 2008 2014 AL Software All rights reserved The logo and are Trademarks of AL Software Portions of 141CX are Copyright 1995 2014 Eric Smith All rights reserved Copyright 2009 Arthur Norman All rights reserved Redistribution and use in source and binary forms with or without modification are permitted provided that the following conditions are met Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice this list of conditions and the following disclaimer Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and or other materials provided with the distribution THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS AS IS AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNERS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT INDIRECT INCIDENTAL SPECIAL EXEMPLARY OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES INCLUDING BUT NOT
33. e internal rate of return of a series of unequal or equal cash flows Need to solve the internal rate of return using a modified IRR technique Calculate the net present value Calculate amortization schedules Calculate sum of the years digits depreciation schedule Calculate before and after tax price or yield for semi annual or annual coupon securities All of these and more are possible with the Financial Decisions Pac The HP 12C is essentially dedicated to perform these types of calculations but in two easy steps i41CX can perform all of these tasks and more 1 Download the Financial Decisions Pac if you haven t already done so 2 Tap one of the module ports and select the FINANCE module Furthermore using the configurable USER mode keyboard and keyboard overlays such as the Financial MONEY overlay shown below the user can quite literally convert the i41CX keyboard into a keyboard with similar functions as the HP 12C Best of all all built in functions are unaffected by the inserted module and going back to the standard keyboard is a simple matter of either selecting No Overlay in the overlay picker or better yet use the Dynamic Overlay option When the Dynamic Overlay option is enabled the selected overlay is automatically displayed when in USER mode and hidden when in normal mode Thus hiding and showing the overlay is a simple matter of pressing the USER button In this example it s almost like having a vir
34. e them in the X and Y registers respectively The calculator s mode determines the units used for the coordinates degrees radians or gradients The radius of uncertainty for the location measured in meters is placed in the Z register CURRSPD Obtain the current speed and place it in the X register The speed is given in units of m s e Mail MAILA Mail A register MAILCFG Mail current configuration MAILFLG Mail flags same as pressing the mail button in the flags table MAILHEP Mail HEPAX RAM contents MAILMOD Mail specified module file MAILOVL Mail current overlay file MAILPRG Mail user program whose name is specified in the Alpha register MAILPRT Mail printer output in text format MAILREG Mail registers same as pressing the mail button in the registers table The function accepts an optional argument in the Alpha register specifying the register to mail If no argument is specified the behavior is to mail all allocated registers Valid arguments are X Y Z T LASTX A Rnnn and b e MAILSTA Mail current calculator state MAILSTK Mail stack registers X Y Z T and Last X MAILTXT Mail specified text file MAILX Mail X register e Printer SAVROLL Save printer paper roll same as selecting the Save to Photos Album action in the printer This function has no effect if the paper roll is empty SHOWPRT Switch to the printer view This is useful to signal either the end of a p
35. ed keyboard mode enter and exit program PRGM mode and enter and exit Alohanumeric ALPHA entry mode There are a total of 35 keys including 12 numeric and decimal point keys 4 arithmetic operator keys 10 keys for trigonometric and other common math functions and 9 keys for program execution register storage entering values etc Furthermore with the exception of the shift key all keys have secondary functions labelled in orange that are accessed by pressing the shift key This effectively doubles the total key count The alphanumeric labels in blue denote the letters that are entered by pressing the keys in ALPHA mode Taking the shifted alohanumeric characters into account brings the total number of items that can be entered directly from the keyboard to 142 Functions or commands that cannot be directly input by pressing a single key can be invoked either by pressing the execute XEQ key and then entering the name of the function or command or by using key assignments One of the special capabilities of the HP 41 was that the user could customize the keyboard using the assign ASN function This feature essentially allows the user to completely redefine the operations of all keys with the exception of the top row of keys the shift key and the number keys the shifted number key operations can be re assigned however Moreover the top row of keys can be used to invoke labels 01 through 05 in program mode for quick program execution
36. f formats e 2D and 3D plotting Ironically the embedded CAS is actually more powerful than the HP 41CX and is even programmable The i41CX CAS uses text files as mini notebooks similar to Mathematica CAS performs the operations in the input text file whose file name is specified in the Alpha register Upon completion the results are appended to the text file To specify separate Version 7 0 23 input and output files enter the input and output file names separated by a comma into the Alpha register e g CASIN CASOUT without the quotes To ignore the CAS output specify an empty output file e g CASIN without the quotes This is useful for cases where the CAS operations manipulate and place the result s in calculator registers Finally it is also possible to run CAS interactively by specifying a text file followed by two commas in the Alpha register e g CASFILE without the quotes By default the CAS output is converted into uppercase letters to allow it to be viewed in the i41CX calculator display using ED for example The conversion to uppercase can be disabled by setting flag 13 or by enabling the Lowercase global setting In either case the CAS output is best viewed using the I41CXED text editor function or emailed using the MAILTXT function since the vast majority of cases will involve long output strings and in many cases spanning multiple lines that are difficult to view using the 12 character calculator
37. ficient way to perform CAS operations is to use I41CXED to pop up a text editor window use it to write edit the CAS input save the text file execute the CAS function and use I41CXED again to view the results The following is a short program that can be used for this purpose Note that this program uses separate CAS input and output files 01 LBL DOCAS 02 SF 25 Set flag 25 in case CASOUT does not exist 03 CASOUT CAS output file 04 PURFL Delete CAS output file if it exists 05 CF 25 Clear flag 25 06 CASIN CASOUT Specify CAS input and output files 07 I41CXED Open text editor 08 CAS Execute CAS 09 CASOUT CAS output file 10 I41CXED View CAS output results with text editor 11 END e Change CAS output line width The default CAS output line width is set for optimal viewing with T4 1CXED based on the set font size The default output line width can be overridden using the linelength operator For example linelength 72 sets the output line width to 72 characters e Restrict CAS output to only the results of interest CAS output can be suppressed by using instead of to terminate each operation Thus we recommend using to terminate intermediate operations and only use to produce the results of interest e Optimal way to view long CAS output Open the CAS output file with 141CXED or with MAILTXT and turn your device sideways to better view long CAS output in landscape mode e Copy sample program
38. g the table contents in space delimited format These operations can also be performed using the COPYA COPYFLG COPYPRT COPYR COPYSTK and COPY functions Turbo Program Execution Mode i41CX supports a configurable speed that is normally controlled via the Calculator Speed slider on the back view of the calculator or programmatically via the SETCSPD function and that allows for a maximum speed of 4x the normal HP 41CX operating speed When running a program however the SETCSPD function s 4x limit is raised to 40x The calculator speed will revert back to the normal valid maximum limit when the program stops running This allows for faster program execution Navigate the Flags Registers Usage amp Examples and Quick Reference Tables Tapping the right edge of these tables will jump to the proportionate location in the table e g tapping the middle of the right edge will jump to the middle tapping the bottom of the right edge will jump to the bottom etc similar to the way that tapping a letter in the built in address book works Furthermore tapping the title area of these tables will jump back to the top of the table similar to the way that tapping the status bar in Safari jumps back to the top of the web page Quickly Switch Module Port Pickers It is not necessary to close a module port picker to access a different one It is possible to switch between different module port pickers by simply tapping a different port eve
39. haracters and shapes that are otherwise not possible with traditional means In graphics mode all individual segments of the main display become independently controllable as are the contents of the stack displays As shown in the diagram below the i41CX main display consists of 12 characters each containing 17 segments including the segments used to display the period comma and colon Incidentally it was not normally possible to display a semicolon on an HP 41 but this is just one of the new possibilities with graphics mode VA VS VS ARI HS HS ARI ES DAI MRI MI RI LA LA LA 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Each segment of a character corresponds to a power of 2 with the powers shown in the Pk GO For example a capital letter O is displayed by turning on segments 0 1 2 3 4 and 5 and turning off all other segments Thus setting the segments value for a character on the display to 240 241 242 243 244 245 Ox3F 63 would display the capital letter O As another example a semicolon could be displayed by setting the segments value of a character to 2414 2415 2416 0x1C000 114688 GSCRON enables graphics mode and GSCROFF disables graphics mode The graphics display buffer can be cleared using the GSCRCLR function Graphics mode uses a dedicated main display buffer that is independent from the normal display and its contents are retained until the application is quit Therefore clearing the graphics screen
40. he Download button to accept the pre entered hp41 org mod URL which points to the i41CX module repository kindly hosted by hp41 org All modules available at hp41 org are now available for use in i41CX Of course if you have your own modules it s a simple matter of placing the modules on a directory accessible via the web and entering the URL into the Download from URL dialog Alternatively if your device is running iOS 4 you can use the iTunes File Sharing feature to install modules Hierarchy of Storage 141CX provides access to three layers of storage via its Load and Save features as illustrated below Load web external clipboard gt Device flash memory gt HP 41CX memory Save HP 41CX memory gt Device flash memory gt web external Mail File Sharing This hierarchy provides for virtually unlimited storage of data and programs Version 7 0 16 Hardware and OS Integration Module 141CX includes a built in custom module 141CX with 59 functions to 1 take advantage of available hardware and OS features such as the accelerometer GPS copy and paste email etc 2 provide programmatic access to i41CX GUI functionality such as showing the printer view setting the calculator speed etc and 3 control graphics mode which provides full control over the calculator displays The functions are described below e Calculator Speed GETCSPD Get the calculator speed factor and place it in
41. i screen contents and place them in A GGETSTZ Get stack Z mini screen contents and place them in A GGETSTT Get stack T mini screen contents and place them in A GGETSTL Get stack L mini screen contents and place them in A NOTE Graphics mode is described in more detail later in this manual e Hardware and OS Features ACCXYZ Obtain the 3D accelerometer values and place them in the X Y and Z registers The accelerometer values are in units of g the acceleration constant of 9 80665 m s 2 RANDOM Obtain cryptographically secure random number in the range 0 1 and place it in the X register TIMZONE Get system time zone information abbreviated time zone name in Alpha register offset from GMT without DST in X and DST offset in Y e O DWNLOAD Download data using the first record in the specified ASCII file as the download URL same as selecting the Download from URL Load picker item and entering the first record of the specified extended memory ASCII file as the URL NOTE Use the Sigma character SHIFT F for in URLs LOADFLG Load flags using filename specified in the Alpha register same as selecting the filename FLG Load picker item LOADREG Load registers using filename specified in the Alpha register same as selecting the filename REG Load picker item LOADOVL Load keyboard overlay specified in the Alpha register LOADTXT Load text file specified in the Alpha register SAVFL
42. i41CX and select the Load picker s Import from clipboard item to save your program to a file in 141CX that you can then load into memory The same process can be used to edit content in i41CX by first generating a mail containing the content you wish to edit After editing it copy it return to i41CX and save it to a file that you can then load to replace the previous content Expand the available memory and program in MCODE As mentioned earlier i41CX is compatible with the HEPAX module The HEPAX module provides an additional 1304 registers that can be used to store data text programs and even copies of main memory or other module contents This provides an easy and readily accessible alternative to store large numbers of files in addition to the i41CX Load Save facilities The HEPAX module also provides facilities for MCODE programming Version 7 0 30 Tips and Tricks Continued e Unit conversions The Petroleum Fluids and Machine Design Pacs support extremely flexible and powerful unit conversion systems In both cases the conversion is performed by entering a unit conversion equation into the Alpha register and then using forward and backward conversion functions Below are some examples using the Machine Design Pac that illustrate the simplicity and flexibility of these unit conversion systems Convert 212 F to kelvins 1 Enter F K into the Alpha register This specifies the conversion units and the direction for
43. ital compass time and date synchronization AirPrint and much more iOS 8 Notification Center widget Virtually unlimited storage capacity using the device s flash memory for local storage Import export data programs overlays modules etc via the web email and iTunes File Sharing 43 keyboard overlays and support for user created overlays Dynamic keyboard overlay switching oound support including synthetic tones and interface sounds Support for calculator skins and optional mini stack display Adjustable calculator speed sound volume and display colors Searchable Usage amp examples and quick reference guide tables of all built in HP 41 and CAS functions Beautiful and clean user interface optimized for the portrait mode screen aspect ratio and to maximize the keypad area while still providing for a full featured scientific keypad Printer Features e Support for printing plotting graphics and special characters e User configurable and programmable print color e Export printer output via email clipboard or AirPrint e Ability to save a JPEG image of the paper roll to the device s photo album Version 7 0 4 141CX Settings 141CX is highly customizable Like many iOS applications its settings can be accessed in the global Settings application 6 or by tapping the gears button above the Clear Memory button on the back view The i41CX settings are described in the table below Setting General Sleep Enable Ign
44. joy the wonders of this little machine to this day Much of this early work created back in the days of physical media would have been lost and become inaccessible by current and future generations were it not for the monumental efforts of people like Warren Furlow and contributors who compiled the vast library of HP 41 publications modules user library programs references etc and made them all available for free to the community at the HP 41 Archive Website hp41 org Warren also kindly hosts a dedicated repository of modules and programs specifically for i41CX users at hp41 org Many thanks to Warren In a similar vein i41CX is what it is today as a result of the numerous suggestions and feedback that we receive from users and friends We would like to thank those of you that have contributed your ideas and feedback and hope that you will continue to do so in the future We would like to also thank Antonio Castelao L pez for the Classic Rectangular Modern Gris and Modern Noir skins Thanks to Kim Hill for the Skinny skins Thanks to Lewis M Bill Dickens Ill Architect for the Bauhaus Bauhaus Mies and High Tech skins Thanks to Ricky Oh from from www 3fishinatree com for the LED skins In addition to the skin contributions Bill Dickens was also instrumental in creating this Mini Manual the i41CX Promo and the i41CX Flyer documents He also modernized our company logo and made numerous suggestions to improve the i41CX pro
45. last Z value This is the last register that data can be pushed into before running a repetitive calculation and because it is a sticky register it has the handy property of down feeding the other registers as one progresses through a series of calculations This makes it quick and easy to make a simple counter or to repeatedly perform calculations such as calculating change for a number of iterations The T register value sticks or remains until a new Z value is pushed into it Arithmetic operations use the data in the X and Y registers The stack makes if possible to quickly perform many operations using what is called RPN or Reverse Polish Notation Mathematical operations are generally taught in infix notation with the mathematical operators placed between the data that they operate on For example in the expression 2 3 5 the operator is placed between the 2 and the 3 RPN invented by the Polish Mathematician Jan Lukasiewicz in 1920 is a way of expressing mathematical operations in postfix notation Using the previous example 2 3 5 would be expressed as 2E 3 5 where E denotes the Enter operator Thus in RPN all operators follow each data item and hence the term postfix In the above example the number of keystrokes is the same in both cases four to obtain the answer 5 However this is not always true RPN makes it possible to enter data and operations without having to write down the intermediate answers or use parentheses
46. lotting printing program run or for a program to require the user s inspection of the printer output NEWROLL Clear paper roll same as pressing the New Roll button in the printer e Text Editor CAS Plot Viewer and LaTeX Document Viewer I41CXED Edit view text file specified in the Alpha register T41CXED also provides access to view mail and delete CAS plots and can also be used to render and view simple LaTeX documents Version 7 0 19 HP 41 Library of Expansion Pacs Manuals and Overlays Courtesy of HP41 org Advantage Pac Hewlett Packard etete beteten O Aviation Pac Manual Hewlett Packard Cien Analysis Pao I beteta Circuit Analysis Pac Overlay Hewlett Packard Clinical Lab and Nuclear Medicine Pae betetan Clinical Lab and Nuclear Medicine Pae Manual betetan Clinical Lab and Nuclear Medicine Pac Overlay Hewlett Packard Clinical Lab and Nuclear Medicine Pac Quick Ref 1979 Hewlett Packard ELI 41 amp Electrical Engineering Solutions 2 21 Eclipse Logic Inc BED Tacit Logic Systems Inc Financial Decisions Pac Hewlett Packard Financial Decisions Pac Manual Aug 1984 Hewlett Packard Financial Decisions Pac Overlays NENNEN Hewlett Packard Financial Decisions Pac Quick Ref Jul 1979 Hewlett Packard Games Pac Manual July 1980 Hewlett Packard Hewlett Packard Hewlett Packard Hewlett Packard Hewlett Packard Hewlett Packard Games Pac Overlays H
47. n Contact Support Ehe d W dil 1550253514 1410X ENTER 4 Calculator Front View Vr 1 414214T 2 718282 L CHS Displays the app version Tap to email support La Pomme Mies Skin Shown Version 7 0 Carrier F 12 00 AM Default Value OFF ON Text and Image OFF OFF OFF App Version MAN TRACE NORM ede Print Mode Printer View Historical Perspective 141 CX is functionally equivalent to the venerated paradigm shifting HP 41CX programmable scientific calculator or handheld computer as HP marketed it It includes functionalities beyond the equivalent of an HP 41CX system with magnetic card read writer tape printer etc with numerous additional features like OS and hardware integration features CAS application specific overlays display control a rich variety of skins the ability to share data and programs with other users and devices and much more It is a sheer delight to use and beneath its simple looking interface lies an incredibly powerful mathematical system with capabilities that rival those of workstation class applications like Mathematica and Maple The 41 s initial arrival in 1979 on the scientific and engineering financial and computational scenes was awe inspiring and was the first HP calculator to offer alohanumeric capabilities which revolutionized the way a calculator could be used It was a masterpiece of compact and powerful design i41CX brings a modernize
48. n while the module port picker is visible Version 7 0 29 Tips and Tricks Continued Revert Display Colors Printer Ink Color and Calculator Speed and Quickly Remove Active Overlay or Module i41CX supports the shake gesture to revert display color settings printer colors and calculator speed back to default settings as well as to select the No Overlay and No Module items in the overlay and module pickers The shake gesture is not only useful for recovering from inadvertently setting psychedelic display colors but can also be used to quickly switch back and forth between different skin display color schemes because the color restore is skin context sensitive If a traditional skin is active the display colors will reset to black characters and light green background whereas if a non traditional skin e g Bauhaus is active the display colors will reset to the recommended display settings for that skin In the case of the overlay and module pickers the shake gesture saves the need to scroll the picker wheel back to the No Overlay and No Module items To prevent distracting the user with unnecessary confirmation dialogs due to inadvertent shaking motion shake gestures are only detected if the display color settings picker printer color picker calculator speed slider overlay picker or module picker is visible Automatically Display Keyboard Overlay The Dynamic Overlay option available in the global Settings
49. nd updated plots are automatically shown during an interactive CAS session If enabled CAS will overwrite any existing plot s with the same name as plot s being generated Otherwise if a plot of the same name exists it won t be overwritten and an error will be shown Set default title for CAS plots without specified plot titles Specifies the appearance of the printer covers Specify power state when app is launched Printer starts with a new paper roll each time app is launched Default Value Text Files Directory ON Extended Memory Numerical 5 System ea Macro System OFF OFF OFF Context Dependent OFF OFF OFF ON Text and Image OFF OFF OFF i41CX Plot Normal OFF OFF Setting Volume Control Printout Size Warning Email Paper Roll As iCloud Sync Files Sync Preferences Update Notifications Description Volume of printer sounds is controlled by the volume slider Display warning when recommended printout size is exceeded While there is no explicit limit for the number of printed lines each printed line consumes memory and if you plan to save the printout as a JPEG photo we recommend that the number of lines be not much more than 200 lines Select format for emailing the paper roll Sync all saved files modules programs registers etc Sync preferences Display brief notification when there is iCloud activity About In App Settings Only Versio
50. odal design id1CX Text Editor CAS Plot Viewer and LaTeX Document Viewer I41CXED I41CXED Macro Keyboard and Numerical Keyboard Quickly Perform CAS operations Change CAS output line width Restrict CAS output to only the results of interest Optimal way to view long CAS output Copy sample programs or CAS examples from the Usage 8 Examples table Seamless compatibility with REDUCE source code Specify a range of registers to copy or email with the COPYR and MAILREG functions Take advantage of iPad specific features Take advantage of 4 Retina screen devices Easily import export files using Tunes File Sharing OS 8 Notification Center widget Have Some Fun References and Resources Skins Collection Acknowledgements Legal Notices Version 7 0 29 29 29 30 30 30 30 30 31 31 31 33 34 34 34 34 34 34 35 35 36 37 37 37 37 39 54 55 Introduction 141CX is an advanced programmable and expandable RPN scientific calculator with a virtual thermal printer plotter that goes far beyond a mere replica of the original In addition to being functionally equivalent to the world renowned HP 41CX and providing access to its entire library of modules and programs i41CX is enhanced with a workstation class Computer Algebra System CAS iOS and hardware integration features keyboard overlays complete display color control rich set of import and export capabilities traditional and upbeat modern skins and mu
51. ome Management Pac Home Management Pac Manual Aug 1984 Home Management Pac Overlays Home Management Pac Quick Ref HYDRACOMP Module 1982 Keys Surveying Module Manual Sep 1987 Fred McMichael LINK PLUS for HP IL 2 06 Southern Software Machine Design Pac LS Hewlett Packard Machine Design Pac Manual Hewlett Packard Math Pac Hewlett Packard Math Pac Manual Spanish Hewlett Packard Math Pac Manual Feb 1984 Hewlett Packard Math Pac Overlays Hewlett Packard Math Pac Quick Ref Spanish Hewlett Packard Paul Munroe Hydraulics Inc Math Pac Quick Ref Feb 1979 Hewlett Packard Math Stat Pac Hewlett Packard Navigation Pac Hewlett Packard Navigation Pac Manual Aug 1984 Hewlett Packard Petroleum Fluids Pac Le Hewlett Packard Version 7 0 20 Hewlett Packard Hewlett Packard John L Gilby Petroleum Fluids Pac Manual Petroleum Fluids Pac Quick Ref Plot of 2 3 Functions on One Graph Real Estate Pac Real Estate Pac Manual May 1982 TO O O 2H O C Hewlett Packard Real Estate Pac Overlay Hewlett Packard Real Estate Pac Ouick Reference Aug 1980 Hewlett Packard SDK41 ManualR6 Apr 2008 Warren Furlow Securities Pac Hewlett Packard Securities Pac Manual Aug 1984 Hewlett Packard Hewlett Packard Hewlett Packard Hewlett Packard Hewlett Packard Hewlett Packard Hewlett Packard Stat Pac Manual Hewlett Packard Stat Pac Manual Spanish Hewlett Packard Stat Pac Ouick Ref
52. or s memory An alternative way to accomplish this is to email the program or data in an email copy the program or data in the email on your device and use the Import from clipboard item in the Load picker to save the clipboard contents as a program or data file that you can then load into the calculator s memory This is useful to exchange data or programs with non i41CX users or desktop programs Overlays can be imported in a similar fashion Of course i41CX also supports copy and paste of stack registers Alpha register printer output flags table and registers table contents Double tapping the main display provides access to copy paste operations from to the X and Alpha registers depending on the status of Alpha mode Double tapping the printer paper roll flags table or registers table provides the option to copy their contents Double tapping the mini stack area provides access to copypaste operations from to the stack registers Copy and paste operations are also programmatically supported via the COPYA COPYFLG COPYPRT COPYSTK COPYX PASTEA PASTER and PASTEX functions All in all the i41CX elevates IOS devices into serious calculating machines capable of performing a virtually unlimited number of calculation tasks Imagine going through school and generating programs of each and every formula that is of importance as you progress though your courses They will always be available to you in the future Version 7 0 26 S
53. ore Mute Switch Horizontal Swipes Vertical Swipes Mail Items To Display Mirroring Mirroring Scale To Fit Calculator Skin LCD Font Stack Display Lowercase Letters Dynamic Overlay Key Press Glow Key Click Sound Type Synchronize Time Keep Time CV Calculator Mode Widget Type Disable 141CX Module Use Module Pages Handling Version 7 0 Description Specify whether all i41CX operations are suspended while the device is inactive i e screen locked to reduce battery drain This option is always enabled under iOS 5 or later Specify whether to play sounds through the speaker regardless of the mute switch setting on iPhone devices Select action taken for horizontal swipe gestures Select action taken for vertical swipe gestures Destination address when emailing data and programs Enable display external display mirroring on devices that support external display mirroring Specify whether to scale the mirrored output to fill the external display Select calculator skin Select display character style Show mini displays of Y Z T and L registers always disabled for the Genuine and Classic No Stack skins This option is not available on iPad devices Specify whether to enable display of the full set of lowercase letters Display selected overlay when USER mode is on hide overlay when USER mode is off Show glow effect when pressing keys Select key click feedback sound
54. org The library of HP 41 application pacs is huge and there are still new modules being developed to this day Just from HP alone there were approximately 70 application pacs available A list of these is included later in this manual courtesy of HP41 org These comprise applications from a wide range of disciplines such as Mechanical Engineering Structural Engineering Electrical Engineering Business Finance Securities Real Estate Surveying Physics Mathematics Medicine Fluid Dynamics and the list goes on and on The PPC the first club associated with the 41 also produced a famous module PPC ROM with 122 useful and powerful functions for a wide range of applications In the case of the HP 41 some modules were also memory expansion modules 41CX includes the maximum possible memory configuration and thus memory expansion modules are not required and do not take up any ports Certain application pacs were for universal use such as the Math and Statistics Pac while some were of a very specialized nature such as the SGS Redwood Gas Calculator Pac The Financial Decisions Pac for example is a specialized module for financial and business users that gives the HP 41CX a superset of the capabilities of an HP 12C Installing virtually all available HP 41 modules into i41CX is as easy as follows 1 Access the calculator s back view 2 Tap one of the module ports 3 Select the Download from URL picker item 4 Tap t
55. ounds i41CX includes a rich set of interface sounds to provide auditory feedback and provide an immersive experience as close as possible to that of the real HP 41CX and printer It also supports the HP 41CX sounds BEEP and TONE that can be used in programs and for audible alarms Some HP 41CX users have gone as far as creating programs that play famous musical scores using the available tones 10 normal and a large number of synthetic ones The standard sounds supported by i41CX are listed below 11 calculator sounds TONE 0 9 BEEP e 3 types of key click sounds New Old System e scroll click sound e printer paper advance sound e printer paper roll tear sound e printer image save sound camera capture shutter sound 141CX Y 4229 1414214T 2 718282L Carrier F 11 34 PM Port 1 d M 59265658H file FINANCE ON USER ATEKA PRGM ALPHA r1f8 REVIEW LOG LN qero r1 9m R X f uy f Tt Ry SIN A gt m INSERT GTO RECT 4 REC BI Pp ovaL Financial BOND Default Calculator Speed Al CNETWA DE D B 2 A E d de ZZ MM Portions Eric Smith Copyright 2008 2013 All Rights Reserved Keyboard Overlay Picker Calculator Back View Version 7 0 27 Graphics Mode i41CX supports a special graphics mode that provides full control over the display main and stack display if stack display is visible when running programs This enables the display of custom c
56. rch HP 41 and CAS usage and examples Usage amp Examples Copy items for use as templates Version 7 0 14 Views Quick Reference Guide CAS Quick Reference Calculator Information Settings Mail i41CX Text Editor CAS Plot Viewer LaTeX Document Viewer Functions View and search descriptions of built in functions and commands View and search descriptions of CAS functions and optional packages View information about calculator controls Access all app settings Also available under the i41CX entry in the global Settings app Send programs data printout etc How To Access Swipe Usage amp Examples from right to left Guide from right to left IEEE i eee o mom Swipe the Quick Reference Tap i button on bottom right of Calculator Back View Tap Settings button on bottom right of Calculator Back View Tap the Mail button on the Save picker Tap the mail icon on the Registers or Flags table Execute any of the MAIL commands Execute I41CXED function Version 7 0 CAS Plot Viewer Screen Landscape Orientation Shown 15 Expansion and Application Pacs A vast number of application pacs or modules were developed for the HP 41 These were special purpose ROM chips that were inserted into the 4 ports at the top of the HP 41 and contained programs They were expensive back in their day With i41CX these can be downloaded for free from HP41
57. s or CAS examples from the Usage amp Examples table The contents of the Usage amp Examples table can be copied by tapping the cell to select it and then tapping the Copy button that appears The contents can then be pasted into I41CXED or imported as a program or text file using the Load picker s Import from clipboard item e Seamless compatibility with REDUCE source code Version 7 0 34 Specifying the Use option for the Handling global setting achieves full and complete REDUCE and gnuplot source code compatibility e Specify a range of registers to copy or email with the COPYR and MAILREG functions Placing b e in the Alpha register when executing the COPYR or MAILREG causes the value in the X register to be interpreted in the traditional bbb eee format e g 1 042 specifies registers 1 through 42 Note that when using b e the register name labels are NOT included in the generated text to make it easier to transfer the values into a spreadsheet for example Tips and Tricks Continued e Take advantage of iPad specific features Portrait orientations works in the same way as on the iPhone but with the ability to swipe in the black area surrounding the calculator view to switch to the printer horizontal swipe and back views vertical swipe In landscape orientation both printer and calculator are shown To switch to the back view use a vertical swipe gesture in the calculator display or tap the center of
58. t contain programs and functions developed by experts in their various fields They expand the capabilities of the calculator and are hence also called expansion pacs There are a number of modules for a wide variety of applications and fields many of which contain some fairly complex and sophisticated functions and programs Programming Programming allows the creation of new functions and operations These can be assigned to keys such that they can be executed at the press of a single key Programs initiate the sequencing from the starting label through the list of data and functions placed in registers to various stop or end points ultimately giving the desired answer The Chinese word for a computer derives from the word thread Metaphorically one starts from one end and work on down the thread until we reach the end All of the formulas that we learned in school or college can be placed into such programs and run on i41CX Quick answers no point in being caught in the calculations It actually is easy to operate them However we do have to know how they are set up so that we can run them It is even possible to create interactive programs that request user input whose execution continue by pressing the run stop R S key so that interactive operations are simple and clear The memory in i41CX is more than adequate for most computations In fact in the early days of space exploration the HP 41 was used to offload some of the computing
59. t include curly braces and these are by default substituted by square brackets and in the i41CX CAS for both input and output However the Handling global option can be configured to specify the use of curly braces and thus achieve seamless compatibility between REDUCE and the i41CX CAS The Financial Decisions Pac Advantage Pac and 141CX MATH module are just three examples of the powerful capabilities enabled by the use of expansion pacs And there are over 100 such expansion pacs available The combination of i41CX and expansion modules comprise a very powerful small package Combined with programmability there is virtually no calculation application beyond the reach of i41CX Version 7 0 25 Exchanging data and programs The 41 was so loved by the user community that people were doubling the clock speed and adding all kinds of peripherals and memory Using the HP IL interface the HP 41 could drive any number of peripherals from line printers to monitors to tape printers card readers barcode wands tape memory cartridges and other custom devices There seemed to be no end to the number of riggings and devices associated with the little hand held computer Today with iOS devices in an even smaller format much of that capability can still be realized i41CX supports an adjustable calculator speed and it has flexible and extensive support for exchanging information with other users and devices It is possible
60. the contents will be pasted into the X register PASTEX Paste the contents of the clipboard into the X register PASTSTK Paste the contents of the clipboard into the stack X Y Z T and LastX The following two clipboard content formats are recognized Register Name lt Register Value X Value Y Value LastX Value In both cases only the provided values are pasted into the stack For example if the clipboard contains Y 10 only the Y register s contents are replaced and all other stack registers remain unaffected PASTTXT Paste clipboard contents to the extended memory file specified in the Alpha register If the specified file does not exist a new file is created with the contents of the clipboard If the specified file exists the contents of the clipboard are appended to the end of the file e Graphics Mode GSCRON Enable graphics screen mode GSCROFF Disable graphics screen mode GSCRCLR Clear graphics screen Version 7 0 17 GSETSEG Set graphics segments at position specified in X to value specified in Y GGETSEG Get the value of segments at position specified in X GSETSTY Set stack Y mini screen contents to specified characters in A GSETSTZ Set stack Z mini screen contents to specified characters in A GSETSTT Set stack T mini screen contents to specified characters in A e GSETSTL Set stack L mini screen contents to specified characters in A GGETSTY Get stack Y min
61. the string FOO and if you wish to assign a NNN to a calculator register in the CAS environment assign it as a string e g to write 0x77665544332211 into a register assign the corresponding variable in the CAS environment with 0x77665544332211 The following are just some simple examples to illustrate the capabilities of the i41CX CAS Arbitrary precision including complex numbers Input precision 20 2 3 5 6i Output 0 048079349091427726016 0 99884351937175055583 I e Solve algebraic equation Input solve x 2 8x 15 0 x Output X 3 X 5 Version 7 0 24 Solve simultaneous equations Input solve x 3y 7 y x 1 x y 3 Output X 1 Y 2 Differentiate a function Input i sqrt 1 u x exp i y log z df u x 1 y 2 z2 1 Output i y Integrate a function Input 2x exp x int f x Output x e x 1 Matrix operations Input m 2mat a b c d det m Output a d b c Special functions Input load specfn on rounded zeta 4 Output 1 08232323371 Plot the sine function Input load package gnuplot plot sin x Output CASPlot SVG file view email or delete using 41 CXED Plot a surface Input load package gnuplot plot cos sqrt x 2 y 2 x 10 10 y 10 10 hidden3d output 3D Plot Output 3D Plot SVG file view email or delete using 41 CXED For more details on the i41CX CAS please see the REDUCE User s Manual Because the HP 41CX character set does no
62. ts such as numbers alphanumeric text key assignments program steps etc They can even hold addresses of other registers Registers can be stored or recalled upon the user s command RAM registers can hold numbers key assignments alphanumeric data 6 characters per register or program steps Programs are lists of steps of data and functions with defined names or labels and end points and may include branching commands based upon Boolean conditions Developing a program on the HP 41CX is actually a simple process and with i41CX the program can be printed out on the built in printer This saves having to write them down i41CX contains a total of 925 RAM registers 819 main memory 600 extended memory 5 stack and the Alpha register The Alpha register actually consists of 4 registers one register can only hold 6 characters whereas the Alpha register can hold 24 characters Version 7 0 8 so the true number is actually 928 This can be further extended with the HEPAX module which provides an additional 1304 registers bringing the total to 2 232 registers And then there is the additional storage by being able to load save data and programs from to the device flash memory The two layers of memory provide for virtually unlimited storage Modules or Application Pacs contain register elements that are burned or locked in so that they cannot be modified Just like the HP 41CX i41CX contains 4 ports in which one can insert modules tha
63. tual HP 12C in USER mode USER 1410X PRGM ALPHA BEGIN END LIST CLR E LOGI LN SIN cos E um L E PEN Eu L LL i CATALOG MONEY A CLX A bei MORT EEX ENTER EE L J A MIRR DAYS Version 7 0 22 Advantage Pac Turn i41CX into an HP 15C and HP 16C Need to perform real or complex matrix operations and functions Need to find the roots of an equation Need to solve or evaluate polynomials Need to perform numerical integration Need to solve first or second order differential equations Need to perform complex number operations and functions Need to perform vector operations Coordinate transformations Number conversions and Boolean logic Curve fitting Solve time value of money problems These are essentially the problems for which the HP 15C and HP 16C were developed The Advantage Pac provides these capabilities to the HP 41CX Thus by loading the Advantage Pac and creating the appropriate key assignments you can turn i41CX into a virtual HP 15C or HP 16C 141CX MATH Module Fast and Full Precision Math Functions and CAS You can go far beyond the capabilities of these other fine HP calculators however 41CX contains a custom developed 41 CX MATH module that contains the following advanced mathematic functions that execute much faster than traditional HP 41 modules and with full 10 digit precision they are internally computed with 15 digits of precision Base 2 powers 2
64. ures such as access to accelerometer GPS and digital compass data copy and paste support import export via the web and email loading and saving data programs text files etc from to the device s flash memory as well as very fast and full 10 Version 7 0 10 digit precision implementations of advanced mathematical functions such as the Gamma function Lambert W function prime number functions Bessel functions etc In total i41CX has over 400 functions built in All of the functions and commands can be listed using the Catalog CAT function that is executed by pressing SHIFT ENTER Using the printer in TRACE mode it is possible to get a paper print out of the catalog lists Moreover 141CX contains a Usage amp Examples table with many usage tips and examples ranging from basic to advanced a Quick Reference Guide with brief descriptions for all built in functions and commands as well as a CAS Quick Reference Like the HP 41CX i41CX also includes the Time module which provides a comprehensive set of functions for performing time and date calculations It also includes a clock stopwatch and alarms These can be used to set alerts and even control programs It is possible for example to run a specified program at preset times using alarms Keyboard or Front View The primary means of interacting with the calculator is via the keyboard The top 4 buttons are used to switch the calculator on off to enter and exit the USER defin
65. ward being F to K and backward being K to F 2 Enter 212 and execute the FCON Forward CONversion function 3 The result will be 373 15 K Convert 88 feet per second to kilometers per hour Convert 100 kilometers per hour back to feet per second 1 Enter FT S KM HR into the Alpha register 2 Enter 88 and execute the FCON function 3 The result will be 96 5606 KM HR 4 Enter 100 and execute the BCON Backward CONversion function 5 The result will be 91 1344 FT S Convert 20 btu in F fts s to W in C 1 Enter BTU IN F FT3 S W IN2 C into the Alpha register 2 Enter 20 and execute the FCON function 3 The result will be 21 9803 W in2 C The Petroleum Fluids Pac unit conversion system functions similarly but supports a slightly different set of units and the forward and backward functions are named CON forward CONversion and INCON INverse CONversion respectively Take advantage of i41CX s non modal design i41CX is designed to be non modal That is there is no need to dismiss picker views etc to perform other operations For example it is possible to switch between the printer front and back views even if the system keyboard is displayed in the front view The keyboard will automatically hide itself when switching to the printer or back views and will reappear when returning to the front view The same applies to picker views They don t prevent transitions between the front back and

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