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1. AND RFID I NAME AMY WONG AI LING COURSE 4 SEL DEPARTMENT MICE FYP TITLE DOUBLE SECURITY SYSTEM USED M TOUCHPAD AND RFID SUPERVISOR DR MUHAMMAD NASIR BIN IBRAHIM I include lt pic h gt include FYP_Lib h I CONFIGURATION FOR MICROCONTROLLER I __CONFIG 0x3CE4 I DEFINE I define NUM_ROW 3 define NUM_COL 3 I VARIABLE USED IN PROGRAM Hf unsigned int reading NUM_BTTNS unsigned int average NUM_BTTNS unsigned int threshold unsigned char index unsigned int threshold4 BButtons Buttons unsigned int bigval unsigned int smallavg unsigned char matrix NUM_ROW NUM_COL unsigned char password count 0 unsigned char key_password 6 unsigned char _ stall_password 6 873195 unsigned char idNum unsigned char temp unsigned char database unsigned char _ _id 10 0013067592 unsigned char user 10 AMY WONG unsigned char data 12 I FUNCTION PROTOTYPE I void Init void void RestartTimers void void RestartTimer void void SetNextChannel void void CapInit void void interrupt isr void void SLEEP_NOP void void delay unsigned long data void send_config unsigned char data void send_char unsigned char data void lcd goto unsigned char data void lcd clr void void lcd shift void void send string const char s void e_pulse void void GetReading void void GetPassword void voi
2. Is the vehicle registered Did the vehicle check in Register the vehicle info to the database Do not open the Read Vehicle Info Database l Open the gate Close the gate Store Check in Info Figure 2 1 Parking lot check in process 12 l Read Vehicle ID No gt Do not open the Is the vehicle registered Did the vehicle check in Read Vehicle Info CS Database Update check out info Open the gate Close the gate Figure 2 2 Parking lot check out process 13 The system will check whether any registered vehicles come to the parking lot check in have registered or not This step is very important as if it had registered means the vehicles doesn t have to check in again And in the other case if it is unregistered and it doesn t have any check in or check out records available the check in information is stored in the database and the barrier will lift off for the vehicle to drive in Same process for registered car checks out The identification information for a checking out vehicle will be searched on the database first The system will find out the registered vehicles check in with the date and time and updates it with the check out date and time If it is a registered vehicle and it didn t have an unauthorized access the system will allow its check out Seems RFID technology is secure convenient fast
3. if Buttons BTNS 1 matrix 1 2 9 if Buttons BTN6 1 matrix 2 0 5 if Buttons BTN7 1 matrix 2 1 2 if Buttons BTN8 1 matrix 2 2 6 Determine which button has been pressed void GetReading void bigval TMRIL unsigned int TMRI1H lt lt 8 bigval bigval 16 reading index bigval smallavg average index 16 threshold4 average index gt gt 2 threshold threshold4 if bigval lt average index threshold switch index 1 break 1 break 1 break 1 break break 1 break 1 break 1 break 1 break 0 break break break break break break break 0 break 0 break case 0 Buttons BTNO 1 case 1 Buttons BTN1 1 case 2 Buttons BTN2 1 case 3 Buttons BTN3 1 case 4 Buttons BTN4 1 case 5 Buttons BTNS 1 case 6 Buttons BTN6 1 case 7 Buttons BTN7 1 case 8 Buttons BTN8 1 default break else Button unpressed no hysteresis provided switch index case 0 Buttons BTNO 0 case 1 Buttons BTN1 0 case 2 Buttons BTN2 0 case 3 Buttons BTN3 0 case 4 Buttons BTN4 0 case 5 Buttons BTN5 0 case 6 Buttons BTN6 0 case 7 Buttons BTN7 0 case 8 Buttons BTN8 0 default break Perform average after detection comparison average index bigval 16 smallavg SetNextChannel RestartT
4. Second I would like to drop my sincere appreciation to thank all my friends who have directly or indirectly do me a favor in completing this project Their useful and worth opinions ideas advice encourage and support are accompanying me in completing this project Last but not least to all my beloved family members who were always stand by my side to encourage and support me during this entire project Sincere appreciation goes to them who has been so supportive either morally or financially Lastly I really appreciate to have this chance to finish this topic of project It lets me gain an experience and a lot of knowledge which I never learn before and it is valuable for me in future career ABSTRACT Security elements are an important aspect to prevent the unauthorized or unknown users to access the house Traditionally the conventional lock and key is a simple method for security purpose But the increasing number of unauthorized entry cases over this few years cause manufacturers to provide one level security This project provides two levels of securities which are entering the 6 digit numerical number password and identification number scanning through RFID Correct numerical password is required in order to proceed to the next level of security which is identification process The system cannot be access without the correct numerical password and identification number of RFID passive tag M Touchpad is used to replace the me
5. Project Overview when the password is correct Project Overview when the password is wrong Schematic Diagram of Double Security System 52 53 55 56 57 58 xii xiii LIST OF APPENDICE APPENDIX TITLE PAGE Program Code of Double Security System Used M Touchpad and RFID A 64 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1 Background Nowadays the security systems are an important aspect to prevent unauthorized users to access the system security door Traditional security system involves the use a conventional locked and keys The lock and key is a simple method to access control system Over the last several past years many manufactured have provided an electronic access control system The most well known access control systems are magnetic card and keypad system The basic concept for the magnetic card system is the reader interprets the information encoded on the card and sends it to the controller to accept the information and unlock the door However the system security provide for one level security Combination two level securities which are m Touchpad use capacitive sensing concept and RFID passive tag identification through the use of RFID reader will improve the security system Perhaps the most prevalent form of safety security system is by using a numerical code for authentication the correct code must be entered in order for the lock to deactivate Usually keypad is used for such locks which relates with entering password
6. 5 2 Buzzer as output for PIC microcontroller 3 2 5 3 Relay as output of PIC microcontroller 3 3 Software Implementation RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS REFERENCES APPENDIX 46 48 48 49 49 51 54 59 62 63 ix LIST OF TABLES TABLE NO TITLE PAGE 3 1 Indication of RFID wire color 46 3 2 Function Indication of Each Pin on LCD Display 47 FIGURE NO 1 1 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 4 2 5 2 6 2l 2 8 2 9 2 10 3 1 3 2 3 3 3 4 3 5 3 6 3 7 3 8 3 9 3 10 3 11 LIST OF FIGURES TITLE PAGE Gantt chart for the project 8 Parking lot Check in Process 11 Parking lot Check out Process 12 Behavioral Model of Capacitive Sensing 17 Operating principle of a simple key interlock mechanism 21 Pin Diagram of PIC16F727 26 Pin Numbering for Modular Connector 28 Connections For Programming 29 Illustrates the MPLAB ICD 2 ready for debugging 30 Diagram of RFID system 34 Transponder and Reader of RFID system 35 The methodology and approach of the project 39 The design concept of the MC68000 ECB 41 The Voltage Regulator Circuit 42 The Clock Generator Circuit 43 The Reset Circuit 43 The m Touchpad connection 44 The RFID connection 45 LCD Display Connection 47 LED Connection for first level of security 48 LED Connection for second level of security 48 Buzzer connection 49 xi 3 12 3 13 4 1 4 2 4 3 4 4 The Password Entering Circuit The Identification Scanning Circuit Project Overview
7. 6 The m Touchpad connection Theoretically to know whether the touch pad has been touched or not is by determining the change of capacitance Before a finger presses the pad the PCB pad itself has a capacitance Cp However if a finger presses the copper pad another capacitance Cf is introduced where it is in parallel with Cp Thus the equivalent of capacitance increases after finger press Additionally the capacitance change will result in change in frequency To scan a pad frequency change on copper pad is measured In this project the touch pad is sensed by capacitive sensing module CSM at fixed time interval The benefit of this method is that it does not need external oscillator since the module has its own oscillator embedded The frequency of each pad at rest is averaged It is low cost and user friendly The material required to make the m touchpad is just a pieces of copper pad 45 3 2 3 2 Interface RFID reader RFID IDR 232N with PIC16F876A The RFID reader comes with a cable for data communication The cable is consist DB9 serial port for data communication to PC RJ 11 connector to connect to RFID Reader and a USB connector to supply 5V for the reader Figure 3 7 illustrates the RFID connection There is a circuit required connect to the PIC in this project in order to receive the identification number of passive tag vec Figure 3 7 The RFID connection For this project designer has to cut the wire of the DB9 Se
8. RFID Tag The tags communicate to a RFID reader via radio frequency The typical types of RFID technologies are active semi passive and passive The terms active semi passive and passive is referring to the RFID tags Below are details of each type of RFID tag Passive No internal supply is needed The minute the electrical current induced in the antenna by the incoming radio frequency signal provides just enough power for the CMOS integrated circuit in the tag to power up and transmits a response The antenna has to be designed to both collect powers from incoming signal and also to transmit the outbound backscatter signal The response of the RFID tag is not just an ID number the tag can contain nonvolatile EEPROM for storing data It uses the radio frequency from the reader to transmit their signal Passive tags will generally have their data permanently burned into the tag when it is made although some can be rewritten Semi Passive It is similar to passive tag the only difference is it have addition of a small battery This battery allows the tag IC to be constantly powered which removes the need of an aerial to be designed to collect power from the incoming signal As semi passive tag is pre energized they can be read more reliably in this more difficult environment 37 Active Active tag has their own internal power source which is used to power any ICs that generate the outgoing signal They are more reliable and so
9. and efficient so it is suitable use in security system which security system only can unlock or open the door in the fastest way when it had detect correct identification ID of the passive tag 14 2 3 Security Analysis According to Xun Yi in the journal entitle security analysis of Yang et al s practical password based two server authentication and key exchange system the usual or typical protocols for password based authentication assume a single server which stores all the passwords which is necessary to authenticate users If the server is compromised then the user passwords are disclosed In order to address this issue Yang et al have proposed a system which a practical password is based on two server authentication and key exchange protocol where a front end server keeping one share of a password and a back end server holding another share of the password cooperate in authenticating a user and meanwhile establishing a secret key with the user The user passwords can be determined once the backend server is compromised Therefore the latest or Yang et al s protocol has no essential difference from a password based single server authentication protocol Password based user authentication is where a user and a server who share a password authenticate each other by exchange of messages Typical protocols for password based authentication assume a single server stores all the passwords which are necessary to authenticate u
10. award of Degree of Bachelor of Engineering Electrical Electronics Signature RIN Sena ee EET Name of Supervisor DR MUHAMMAD NASIR BIN IBRAHIM Date 19 MAY 2010 DOUBLE SECURITY SYSTEM USED M TOUCHPAD AND RFID AMY WONG AI LING This thesis is submitted in part fulfillment of the requirements for the awarding of Degree of Bachelor of Engineering Electrical Electronics Faculty of Electrical Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia MAY 2011 ii DECLARATION It is hereby declared that all the materials in this thesis are the effort of my own work and idea except for works that have been cited clearly in the references The thesis has not been accepted for any degree and is not concurrently submitted in candidature of any degree Signature a cane SAN en eras Name of Author AMY WONG AI LING Date 19 MAY 2011 Dedicated and thankful to my beloved family lecturers and friends for their advice encouragement and support ill iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENT First and foremost I would like to express my deepest gratitude to my supervisor Dr Muhammad Nasir bin Ibrahim for the guidance encouragement enthusiasm patient invaluable support and motivation throughout the progress of this project This project would not be success without continue support from him In completing this project within whole year I had learned a lot not only in how to complete the project but in many other part of life also
11. code and there are some feature an audible response to each press In this project m Touchpad is used to replace keypad M Touch known also as capacitive touch sensor can replace mechanical buttons with capacitive alternative In addition it helps in cost reduction M Touch has become more prevalent and in demand for commercial applications such as mobile devices and mp3 players Some more the numerical number of m Touchpad can be arranged according to the preference of designer So the thieves or criminals find it harder to hack the password and break in Break in case can be reduced by using this double security system Even the thieves successful hack the password there still have another level of security which is RFID passive tag identification Identification process begins with bringing the RFID passive tag towards the RFID reader followed by a scanning process By scanning the RFID passive tag on the RFID reader the identification number will be obtained Every passive tag has its own specific identification number The correct identification number can cause the scanning process success The door only can unlock or opened once the password and identification number is match and correct In this era the system security is an important aspect to prevent the luxurious asset from unauthorized person Besides the most important is it can protect everyone within house from any dangerous events such as robber murder raping and any une
12. credit card the information is encoded on a strip of magnetic material applied to one side of the card exactly like a conventional credit card The information is written on the magnetic strip in a manner similar to tape used in a tape recorder When the card is inserted into the reader this head rides on the magnetic stripe and reads the information it Nowadays the manufactured found a new method for security access system they call a smart card The advantage smart cards have over magnetic stripe cards is that the smart card contains the computer chip which stores the password or PIN Smart card is convenient for security purpose The only disadvantage for this kind of security system is user needs report directly to police or related organization once found disappear the card It is very dangerous when someone picks up the card and unexpected thing may occur To prevent all of this unwanted thing from happening double security system are going to introduce no need to worry when the card is disappear but requiring user to report to police also for further action The only reason for no need to worry when the card is disappear compared with one level of security is the criminal or thieves still need to know the 6 digit password just can break in the house Some more the number on pad can be arranged based on preference of designers So it is hard to break the password 23 2 6 Keypad Security System In this era keypad security syste
13. enabled and table read protect 31 2 9 M Touchpad Capacitive Touch Sensor Touch sensing becoming alternatives to traditional mechanical button or push button switch user interfaces because it requires no mechanical movement and it enables a completely sealed and modern looking design Expanding beyond the consumer market touch sensing is beginning to take hold in medical industrial and automotive applications for reasons such as improved aesthetics reduced maintenance and lower cost A capacitive touch sensor is a copper pad area created on the surface of a printed circuit board It creates a parasitic capacitance to ground When a person touches the sensor or it s covering such as plastic glass etc the person s finger introduces an additional glass finger ground capacitance That capacitance is in parallel to the parasitic one As capacitors in parallel are added a finger approaching the pad will increase the total capacitance This change is the criteria needed to detect a touch Being a microcontroller based solution capacitive touch can also be used to drive a LED a buzzer LCD Display or to communicate with the main processor or the rest of the system On the microcontroller PICI6F the on chip capacitor sense module used to create a relaxation oscillator to perform touch sensing The period or frequency of the relaxation oscillator can be measured and when the sensor is touched the frequency will drop and the
14. figure 2 4 b the key becomes trapped and the controlled device is moved the key remains held because the lock bolt can no longer be physically extended so as to free the key figure 2 4 c 21 s l C a Lg pa Pa Figure 2 4 Operating principle of a simple key interlock mechanism The typically controlled device has two operating positions If the intent is to lock the controlled device in either position the arrangement of figure 2 4 a may instead provide a recess on two opposite sides of the rotating member In this manner the lock bolt can be extended and the key released with the controlled device in either of two positions Such an arrangement is described as L O C locked open or closed see figure 2 4 d 22 2 5 2 Magnetic and Smart Card The magnetic card is the one of electronic access control system widely used in door security system A basic access control system consists of a card reader and a controller When the system user presents or put a card to the reader the reader interprets the information encoded on the card and sends it to the controller The controller accepts the information from the reader and compares it to information stored in its memory The controller then grants or denies access by commanding electric locking device on the door to unlock or remain locked There are many kinds of magnetic card such as a magnetic stripe card This card is very similar to a standard
15. is for output result showing of m Touchpad Once the 6 digit password entered is correct LED green will on otherwise the LED red will on Figure 3 9 LED connection for first level of security LED connection shows in figure 3 10 is for output result showing of RFID Once it is processing LED blue is on LED red will on when the ID is incorrect Figure 3 10 LED connection for second level of security 49 3 2 4 2 Buzzer as output for PIC microcontroller When the output is in logic 1 the buzzer will activate beep while when the output is in logic 0 the buzzer will deactivate In project it used as an indicator to indicate whether the password and ID is correct and match When the 6 digit password entered is correct buzzer will beep once Otherwise when the password entered is wrong the buzzer will off and alarm will on Connection for buzzer is as shown in figure 3 11 BUZZER GND Figure 3 11 Buzzer connection 3 2 4 3 Relay as output of PIC microcontroller Relay required for output to connect with solenoid at the door in real application In other name A relay also known as an electrically operated switch Relay is the one of electromechanical tools which converts electrical signal to mechanical movement Relays are used where it is necessary to control a circuit by a low power signal There is included wire coil at steel core and connector When the power has been supply to the coil the current will be fl
16. lcd_clr Icd_goto password_count send char key_password password_count 5 password_countt 1 else if Buttons BTN7 1 while Buttons BTN7 1 continue store if password_count 0 lcd_clr Icd_goto password_count send char key_password password_count 2 password_count 1 else if Buttons BTN8 1 while Buttons BTN8 1 continue store if password_count 0 lcd_clrQ Icd_goto password_count send_char key_password password_count 6 password_countt 1 Read and Display the identification number of RFID passive tag on LCD display void RFID void Set initial condition buzzer 0 alarm 0 led1 0 led2 0 Icd_clrQ Icd_goto 0 send string RFID DOOR Icd_goto 20 send string SECURITY beepQ delay 20000 Anfinity loop while 1 CREN 1 SYNC 0 temp 0 71 SPEN 1 Icd_clrQ Icd_goto 0 send_string PLACE ID CARD Icd_goto 20 send_string ON THE READER for idNum 0 idNum lt 12 idNum 1 data idNum uart_rec led1 1 Icd_clrQ Icd_goto 20 send_string PROCESSING delay 40000 database 0 comparing with the Ist id for idNum 1 idNum lt 1 1 idNum 1 i if data idNum id idNum 1 database 1 if temp 0 database 1 database 1 Icd_clrQ CREN 0 switch database case 1 led2 0 Icd_goto 0 send_string ID for idNum 0 idNum lt 10 idNu
17. often combined with intruder alarms and security lock to provide enhanced security This chapter reviews some of the journal which related with this topic such as how efficient use RFID technologies nowadays in some application importance of a password in security system how efficient apply memory aids in memorize the multiple password used in different ways Besides this chapter reviews some theories for the important device used in this project Some more some conventional door security system also had been described here 10 2 2 Potential of RFID According to Zeydin Pala and Nihat Inan in journal entitle smart parking applications using RFID technologies by using Radio Frequency Identification RFID technology in automation the transaction costs will be reduced and shortage in stock Most of the RFID networks include a wide range of automation technologies These technologies consist of RFID readers RFID writers RFID barcode scanners RFID smart sensors and RFID controllers The check ins and check outs of the car parking lots will be under control by using RFID readers labels and barriers Personnel costs will be reduced significantly using this technology It will be possible to see unmanned secure automized parking lots functioning with RFID technology in the future Check ins and check outs will be handled in a fast manner without having to stop the cars with RFID technology so that traffic jam problem will be avoided
18. period will increase indicating a touched condition Since capacitive sensing module CSM is a frequency based method timer method is used Basically Timer 2 is used as the timer resource instead of using Timer 0 due to it has greater flexibility in defining time base On the other hand Timer 1 gate is used as a counter It will increment at every rising edge of capacitive sensing module output frequency The value on the Timer 1 will be a measure for CSM oscillator 32 frequency The completion of Timer 1 gate event triggered by Timer 2 overflow will generate a Timer 1 gate interrupt When servicing the interrupt the value from the Timer can be read to determine the oscillator frequency In detailed capacitance of the pad alone results in a corresponding square wave frequency When the PR2 value is matched the current count value in Timer 1 will be read and stored as reference Once the finger is touched the RC time constant of the oscillator increases and thus results in a decrease of frequency of the square wave output Therefore on the next interrupt the Timer 1 value will be smaller Using a software algorithm to compare the difference between these values the sensor can be identified as pressed or not pressed When a pad is touched the frequency on the CSM changes due to the extra capacitance from the finger The change in frequency is noted number of password was being identified comparison occurred and result will be
19. property by an improper operation or improper sequence of operations It is necessary to fully appreciate how a keyed interlock operates and how it works in conjunction with the equipment on which is mounted A typical keyed interlock is comprised of a lock cylinder support housing a moveable locking bolt and a cam arranged to move the bolt in response to operation of the correct key Various styles of interlock housings are available and each style is designed to mount in a different way depending upon the equipment to which the interlock is to be installed 20 One of the most important features a keyed interlock is that key cannot be removed from all position of the lock bolt A conventional lockset may allow free removal of the key regardless of the position of the lock bolt The function of an interlock however dictates that key be held in the lock cylinder unless the lock bolt is in a predetermined position Possession of the key ensures that the associated device has been locked in a known safe position About the operating principle of interlock system there are four steps to unlock the lock Figure 2 4 illustrates how an individual interlock typically works in conjunction with the equipment to which it is installed In figure 2 4 a the controlled device such as a switch cannot move from its normal position whether open or closed because of the position of the lock bolt When the key is turned to withdraw the lock bolt
20. the stored information After that the reader will decode the data and send it to CPU for processing Eo M _ Tag Reader Computer Transponder Antenna and Software Interrogator Infrastructure Figure 2 9 Diagram of RFID system RFID system consists of three components Refer to Figure 2 10 34 a The antenna Interrogator emits radio signals to activate the tag and to read and write data to it b The reader emits radio waves in ranges of anywhere from one inch to 100 feet or more depending upon its power output and the radio frequency used When an RFID tag passes through the electromagnetic zone it detects the reader s activation signal c The reader decodes the data encoded in the tag s integrated circuit silicon chip and the data is passed to the host computer for processing A reader typically contains a radio frequency module transmitter and receiver a control unit and a coupling element to the transponder In addition many readers are fitted with an additional interface RS 232 RS 485 etc to enable them to forward the data received to another system PC robot control system etc 35 4 data i Contactless data carrier RFID Reader E clock p transponder energy Coupling element Coil microwave antenna RA A es F pi El na u P Figure 2 10 Transponder and Reader of RFID system The transponder which rep
21. void e_pulse void e 1 delay 50 e 0 delay 50 Determine the location of string to be displayed at LCD void lcd goto unsigned char data if data lt 16 send_config 0x80 data else i data data 20 send_config 0xc0 data 73 Shift LCD character display to the left void lcd shift void send_config 0x18 delay 6000 Clear LCD display void lcd clr void send_config 0x01 delay 50 Send string to LCD void send string const char s i unsigned char i 0 while s amp amp s send_char s i Receive identification number of RFID passive tag by using RFID reader unsigned char uart_rec void i unsigned char rec data while RCIF 0 rec_data RCREG return rec data The buzzer will beep one time void beep void i buzzer 1 delay 10000 buzzer 0 delay 10000 The buzzer will beep long void AlarmBeep void buzzer 1 delay 100000 alarm 0 delay 100000 74
22. 17 2 4 Low noise Capacitive Sensing Sensor According to the Seunghoon Ko Hyungcheol Shin Jaemin Lee Hongjae Jang and Kwyro Lee in the paper named low noise capacitive sensor for multi touch mobile handset s application the touch sensor has become the most important and high demand technology in touch based applications such as mobile device portable media player and laptop PC over the last few years Capacitive sensor which based on the conductive property of fingers has been widely used in order to realize multi touch recognition such as zoom in Zoom out and resizing Y electrode Capacitive Sensor X electrode Figure 2 3 Behavioral model of capacitive sensing When a conductive object such as finger approaches to the electrode as shown in figure 2 3 the fringing fields between two electrodes are directed to the finger causing the decrease in capacitance The touch point can be determined by detecting the largest change of capacitance and then interpolation scheme will be conducted This journal has mentioned the detection of touch point which is infected with distributed noises such as RF LCD and EMI interferences Mostly it is induced from finger and then coupled to the ITO electrodes There are several techniques used to suppress these noises The difficulty with these approaches is inherent nonlinearity and 18 their performance is limited by low scanning frequency which can disable the multi touch recogn
23. MCU if it is for programming but power must be supplied When in the programming mode MPLAB ICD 2 puts programming levels on VPP sends clock pulses on PGC and serial data via PGD To verify that the part has been programmed correctly clocks are sent to PGC and data is read back from PGD This conforms to the ICSP protocol of the PIC MCU under development Figure 2 8 illustrates the MPLAB ICD 2 ready for debugging Internal Debug Registers MPLAB ICD 2 Internal Circuits Executive Program Memory Hardware Stack Shared by Debug Exec f About 0x50 Bytes Used by Debug Exec File Registers 30 Target for Debug Executive to Function Area Reserved for Debug Executive Figure 2 8 Illustrates the MPLAB ICD 2 ready for debugging 2 8 3 Programmer Mode When use the Programmer the in circuit debug registers should be disabled in the MPLAB IDE so the MPLAB ICD 2 will program only when the target application code and the configuration bits and EEPROM data if available and selected have burnt into the target PIC MCU The debug executive will not be loaded In this mode the MPLAB ICD 2 can only toggle the MCLR line to reset and start the target A breakpoint cannot be set and register contents cannot be seen or altered The MPLAB ICD 2 programs the target using ICSP No clock is required while programming and all modes of the processor can be programmed including code protect watchdog Timer
24. PIC 16F727 VPPMCLRURES RBVICSPDAT VCARGYSS2WANDRAG RBSICSPOLK ANIRAI RBS ANINCPSYTIG j pond pe RESET CIRCUIT Ces Lema ere RUMI cs TOCKICPSARM REY ANS CPS VCARSYSAINMCPSTIANDRAS RBL ANIOCPSI vee ANS RED RBOANIUCPSOINT Ss pF AN WREL vD ANTRE vss VDD RDTCPSIS RDSCPSIS RDSCPS13 mi 1 20M ce R9 Be we RFID CONNECTOR CIRCUIT Figure 4 4 Schematic diagram of double security system CHAPTER 5 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS As a conclusion the capacitive sensing concept which is based on the frequency measurement had applied in this project One complete hardware of double security system used m Touchpad and RFID had completely built Software used to control the project successfully designed This project can work and give a desired output Since it is double level of security the safety of house will be increased and make society feel secure The specifications of the security system are universal LCD alarm system keyless flexible low cost repairable reprogrammable auto reset Limitation This version of security system is designed in conjunction to the current Malaysian demand at this point of time Breaking case nowadays is dangerous although it is best suited to the targeted group so far but it may be irrelevant and ineffective to the future generation However breaking case or criminal activities sure is more serious in future so this level of security scare cannot guarantee safe
25. PSZ 19 16 Pind 1 07 UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIA DECLARATION OF THESIS UNDERGRADUATE PROJECT PAPER AND COPYRIGHT Author s full name AMY WONG AI LING Date of birth 19 MARCH 1987 Title DOUBLE SECURITY SYSTEM USED M TOUCHPAD AND RFID Academic Session 2010 2011 declare that this thesis is classified as CONFIDENTIAL Contains confidential information under the Official Secret Act 1972 RESTRICTED Contains restricted information as specified by the organization where research was done V OPEN ACCESS agree that my thesis to be published as online open access full text acknowledged that Universiti Teknologi Malaysia reserves the right as follows The thesis is the property of Universiti Teknologi Malaysia The Library of Universiti Teknologi Malaysia has the right to make copies for the purpose of research only The Library has the right to make copies of the thesis for academic exchange Certified by SIGNATURE SIGNATURE OF SUPERVISOR 870319 52 6442 DR MUHAMMAD NASIR BIN IBRAHIM NEW IC NO PASSPORT NO NAME OF SUPERVISOR Date 19 MAY 2011 Date 19 MAY 2011 NOTES K If the thesis is CONFIDENTAL or RESTRICTED please attach with the letter from the organization with period and reasons for confidentiality or restriction I hereby declared that have read this thesis and in my opinion this report has fulfills the scope and quality for the
26. RB6 ICSPCLK AN1 RA1 3 26 lt RBS AN13 CPS5 TIG AN2 RA2 4 25 lt RB4 ANI1 CPS4 Vrer AN3 RA3 lt e 5 5 S 24 4 RB3 ANS CPS3 CCP2 TOCKI CPS6 RA4 6 gt g 237 4 RB2 AN8 CPS2 vearSS YCPSTIANAIRAS lt gt 7 NS 22 gt RBIV ANIOICPS1 Vss J8 X N 21 4 RBO AN12 CPSO INT CLKIN IOSC1 RA7 9 ua 20 lt Voo vcaP ICLKOUT OSC2RA6 4 10 oo al Vss TICKITIOSO RCO L 11 Depan 18 lt gt RC7 RX DT CCP2 T10SURC1 lt gt 17 4 RC6 TXICK CCP1 RC2 lt gt 143 16 lt RCS5 SDO SCLISCK IRC3 14 15 a RC4 SDI SDA Figure 2 5 Pin Diagram of PIC16F727 The pin diagram for the PIC 16F727A is as shown in figure 2 5 In this project PIC16F727 is being chosen due to its powerful I O port Addressable Universal Synchronous Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter AUSART and capacitive sensing module m touch Capacitive sensing module used to replace keypad in usual password security system So it might reduce cost and more convenient and efficient compared to 4X4 keypad AUSART is needed due to the second level of security involve the scanning the passive tag on RFID reader The specific identification number of passive tag will be read the data then will sent and process in microcontroller So microcontroller chose need have a capability to receive the data from external Comparison will be occurred and the data will be displayed on LCD display Since this project have many ide
27. a considering ITO s series resistors and parasitic capacitors can be approximated and it had been described also in this paper In general this paper has demonstrates an effective filtering technique which can attenuate and ease noises induced to the ITO layers with 37dB rejection at 50 kHz frequency Besides the time interleaved architecture of C VCs which can enhance the data rate up 65Hz of the scanning frequency will be discussed in this paper It purposely 19 enables the multi touch recognition The calibration technique used to achieve the compatibility with all commercial ITO products Due to its simplicity and low power consumption cause it suited for touch screen systems which can operate in harsh environment 2 5 Conventional Door Security System Conventional key interlock system is the well known system in the previous year In this era the manufacturer found the new alternatives for door security system such as electronic access control system There are much kind of electronic access control system for security door such as magnetic stripe card smart card and keypad system 2 5 1 Key Interlock Conventional An interlock system is a most well known security for over past year and it also is a series of key interlocks applied to associated equipment in such a manner as to allow operation of the equipment only in a prearranged sequence Interlocks are applicable to practically any field wherein human life or protecting
28. acitive Sensing Module and Selected Time Base void Init void TRISA 0600010000 TRISB 0b00000000 TRISC 0b10000000 TRISD Ob11111111 TRISE 0600000000 PORTB 0 PORTE 0 ANSELA 0x10 ANSELB 0x00 ANSELE 0x00 ANSELD 0b11111111 OSCCON 0x10 Initialize Cap Module GIE 1 CPSCONO 0610001101 CPSCON1 0600001000 CapInit PEIE 1 Initialise USART For RFID Purpose TXEN 1 CREN 1 SPEN 1 Setup ADC ADCON I 0600000110 Purpose Initialize the Capacitive Sense Module and Time Base Modules void CapInit void Set up variables for index 0 index lt 9 index average index 0 reading index 0 for int 1 0 1 lt 3 i for int j 0 j lt 3 j matrix i j 66 Initialize for Timer2 time base and Timer 1 Gate T2CON 0601110110 PR2 OxB4 TMR2IF 0 TMRZIE 1 TICON 0b11000101 T1GCON 0b11100010 TMRIGIF 0 TMRIGIE 1 Interrupt Service Routine void interrupt isr void while TMRIGIF Perform touch reading TMR2ON 0 TMRION 0 TMRIGIF 0 GetReading Record which position has been pressed void store void if Buttons BTNO 1 matrix 0 0 8 if Buttons BTN1 1 matrix 0 1 7 if Buttons BTN2 1 matrix 0 2 0 if Buttons BTN3 1 matrix 1 0 3 if Buttons BTN4 1 matrix 1 1 1
29. alue Stall value 1st Password Correct Keying value Stall value Keying value Stall value 2nd Password Correct Keying value Stall value Keying value Stall value 3rd Password Correct Keying value Stall value 4th Password Correct No Keying value Stall value 5th Password Correct Keying value Stall value J 52 Keying yalue Stall value 6th Password Correct Keying value Stall value q The password is The password is correct Display incorrect Display past ERROR on LCD on LCD Green a mi LED ON buzzer i beep once go to RFID Figure 3 12 The password entering circuit 53 Second Level of Security Identification Identification process will only begin once the entering numerical password in the first stage success RFID identification process starting with scanning the RFID passive tags on RFID reader Next step is doing a comparison between the RFID passive tags ID with the stalling value RFID identification number and user name will be displayed on LCD display buzzer will beep once and relay will turn on Otherwise the tag ID and string user not found will be displayed Scanning RFID passive tag N o Yes Compare received tag ID with preprogram ID ma
30. ang betul adalah diperlukan supaya boleh terus ke peringkat seterusnya iaitu pengesahan nombor pada RFID pasif kad Sistem tidak dapat diakses sekiranya tidak ada kata laluan dan pengenalan nombor yang betul M touchpad digunakan untuk mengganti mekanik butang keypad dalam projek ini Kebaikan utama menggunakan m Touchpad peringkat pertama keselamatan adalah nombor bagi setiap butang boleh ditentukan berdasarkan kesukaan pereka Selain itu kos buatan untuk m Touchpad adalah rendah dan lebih tahan lama Konsep pengesanan kapasitif digunakan untuk pengendalian operasi m Tocuhpad RFID digunakan untuk proses pengenalan Prosesor yang dipilih dalam projek ini adalah pengawal micro dimana ia dapat menyediakan interaksi yang berkesan antara peranti keras dan perisian Ciri ciri PIC 16F727 seperti banyak I O port saluran bagi pengesanan kapasitif dan UART kemampuan menambahkan nilai kepada sistem ini Kos dan kuasa yang diperlukan adalah rendah berbanding dengan pengawal micro lain ataupun keluarga prosesor micro MPLAB IDE perisian digunakan untuk menulis program dan IC PROG digunakan sebagai alat pembakaran Berdasarkan keseluruhan hasil yang diperolehi sistem yang dicadangkan disahkan berfungsi dengan betul Vil TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER TITLE PAGE DECLARATION ii DEDICATION iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT iv ABSTRACT v ABSTRAK vi TABLE OF CONTENTS vii LIST OF TABLES xi LIST OF FIGURES xii LIST OF APPENDICES xiii 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1 1 Bac
31. ard work to hack and break the unknown password 55 Even the password had been hacked still have another level of security which is through magnetic card RFID passive tag Every passive tag has its own identification number Without the original passive tag break in still can be preventing There are 2 parts in the security system If someone tries to break in the house the alarm siren will be on Besides PIC will be programmed to identify or change or set the code All of the instruction such as prompt user to enter the password or place the passive tag on the RFID reader will be displayed on LCD Display With the displaying on LCD the owner will be more easy or convenient to operate the system When the code is right the motor will be trigger to unlock the door The diagram for whole project is as shown in figure 4 1 Figure 4 1 Project overview When the power supply is on the yellow LED will turn on immediately means the power regulator circuit is in correct polarity and 5V is pass through whole circuit and PIC16F727A Then string 2011 FYP PROJECT will be displayed on LCD display and it is in shifting form It aims to identify which year the model of products had been published Once finish shifting DOUBLE SECURITY SYSTEM will be 56 displayed on LCD for 2 second This aims to introduce the title of the proposed project and next sentence is PLEASE ENTER 6 DIGIT PASSWORD User need enter the 6 digit
32. chanical button keypad in this project The main advantage of m Touchpad first level of security is the numerical number on pad can be arranged according to the preference of designer Besides the cost for m Touchpad is low and it is longer lasting The capacitive sensing concept used to operate the m Touchpad RFID is used for identification process Processor chosen in this project is a microcontroller which can provide efficient interactions between hardware and software The special features of PIC16F727 such as powerful I O port capacitive sensing channel and UART ability add some value to the system The cost and power requirement is low compared to the other microcontroller or microprocessor family MPLAB IDE software is used to write program and IC PROG is used as burning tools Based on the overall results obtained the proposed system is verified to be functioning correctly vi ABSTRAK Unsur unsur keselamatan merupakan aspek penting untuk menghalang pengguna yang tidak diketahui daripada memasuki rumah Kunci dan alat untuk mengunci adalah kaedah yang mudah untuk tujuan keselamatan Kes pemasuk haram semakin meningkat kebelakangan ini menyebabkan para pengilang mengeluarkan sistem keselamatan yang melibatkan satu peringkat Projek ini menyediakan dua peringkat keselamatan dimana peringkat pertama ialah menekan 6 kata laluan dan peringkat kedua ialah pengenalan proses berlaku Nombor pengesahan boleh diimbas dengan RFID Kata laluan y
33. d Mannan P C van Oorschot Tara Whalen User Study Analysis and Usable Security of Passwords based on Digital Objects IEEE 2011 Xun Yi Security Analysis of Yang et al s Practical Password Based Two Server Authentication and Key Exchange System Fourth International Conference on Network and System Security 2010 Art Conklinl Glenn Dietrich2 Diane Walz Password Based Authentication A System Perspective IEEE 2004 Yossef Oren and Adi Shamir Remote Password Extraction from RFID Tags IEEE Transactions On Computers VOL 56 2007 Zeydin PALA and Nihat INAN Smart Parking Applications Using RFID Technology Penttila K Keskilammi M Sydanheimo L Kivikoski M 2006 Radio frequency technology for automated manufacturing and logistics control International Journal OfAdvanced Manufacturing Technology 31 1 2 116 124 Zhang L 2005 An Improved Approach to Security and Privacy of RFID application System Wireless Communications Networking and Mobile Computing International Conference 2 1195 1198 J O Dowd A Callanan G Banarie and E Company Bosch Capacitive sensor interfacing using sigma delta techniques IEEE Sensors pp 951 954 Oct Nov 2005 K Martin Improved Circuits for the Realization of Switched Capacitor Filters IEEE Trans Circuits and Systems pp237 244 April 1980 63 Appendix A PROGRAM CODING OF DOUBLE SECURITY SYSTEM USED M TOUCHPAD
34. d beep void void AlarmBeep void void RFID void unsigned char uart_rec void Hf MAIN PROGRAM if void main void InitQ LCD CONFIGURATION send_config 0b00000001 send_config 0b00000010 send_config 0b000001 10 send_config 0b00001 100 send_config 0b001 11000 Start Program Icd_clrQ Icd_goto 0 send_string 2011 FYP PROJECT for int i 0 1 lt 16 i i led shift delay 20000 Icd_clrQ Icd_goto 0 send_string PASSWORD DOOR Icd_goto 20 64 65 send _string SECURITY SYSTEM delay 20000 Icd_clrQ Icd_goto 0 send_string PLEASE ENTER Icd_goto 20 send_string 6 DIGIT PASSWORD Initialise Button Buttons BTNO Buttons BTN1 Buttons BTN2 Buttons BTN3 0 Buttons BTN4 Buttons BTN5 Buttons BTN6 Buttons BTN7 0 Buttons BTN8 0 while 1 GetPassword if password_count 6 password_count 0 if key_password 0 stall_password 0 amp amp key_password 1 stall_password 1 amp amp key_password 2 stall_ password 2 amp amp key_password 3 stall_password 3 amp amp key_password 4 stall_ password 4 amp amp key_password 5 stall_password 5 Icd_clrQ Icd_goto 0 send_string CORRECT PASSWORD led_green 1 led_red 0 beep RFIDO else Icd_clrQ Icd_goto 0 send_string ERROR led_red 1 led_green 0 AlarmBeep Purpose Initialize PORTS Cap
35. during these processes This is because drivers no need stop at the circulation points and parking tickets will be out of usage during check ins and check outs By using this system ticket jamming problems can be avoided This is because vehicle owners will not have to make any payments at each check out thus a faster traffic flow will be possible RFID is one of the most fundamental technologies that enable wireless data transmission RFID technologies not often used in industry due to the price are very expensive But nowadays RFID technologies had widely introduced and used The intention use RFID technology has been encouraged RFID technology is universal useful and efficient RFID technology increases company efficiency and provides advantages on both company and client wise RFID technology is much more secure compared to other networks and RFID system allows vehicles to check in and check out under fast secure and convenient conditions This is because the timing of the gates and additional sensors enables a one by one parking lot circulation thus preventing multi check ins or check outs at a time RFID is a technology that collects parking fees without having to stop vehicles 11 There are two important processes in this project which is vehicles check in and check out from the parking lot Figure 2 1 shows the check in process and figure 2 2 shows the check out process Both are almost same l Read Vehicle ID
36. ed a tag which is read by an RFID reader and processed according to the needs of a particular application In other word the communication takes place between a reader interrogator and a transponder tag The data transmitted by the tag may provide identification or location information or specifics about the product tagged such as price color date of purchase etc RFID quickly gained attention because of its ability to track moving objects Therefore RFID technology has been used by thousands of companies for a decade or more RFID technology is similar to the bar code identification systems we see in retail stores everyday however one big difference between RFID and bar code technology is that RFID does not rely on the line of sight reading that bar code scanning requires to work There are two kinds of tag involved and which is active tag or passive tag Figure 2 9 shows a diagram of RFID system To retrieve the data stored on an RFID tag RFID reader is needed A typical reader is a device that has one or more antennas that emit radio waves and receive signals back from the tag The reader then passes the information in digital form to a computer system In more details when the tag enters the reader reading field the tag will be activated by the electromagnetic wave from the reader The passive tag converts the electromagnetic field to power up its internal circuits Then the circuit in the tag will modulate the waves and transmit back
37. he user base has grown both in number and in demographic base Individual users no longer have single passwords for single systems but are presented with the challenge of remembering numerous passwords for numerous systems whether from email to web accounts to banking and financial services Users must to remember multiple IDs and multiple passwords for the wide range of computer based services they use Have a different password for separate use of ways is important to prevent password being hacked by stranger or criminal to do some unwanted purpose So all of this has placed a strain on user memory and users have developed memory aides such as password lists to assist them in the task of keeping accounts and passwords straight The purpose of this paper is to present a conceptual model of password based security across multiple systems connected by user activity Besides the effect of user generated schemes to assist in the user s management of IDs and passwords and the effect of these memory aides on system security have been emphasized In more details it have presents a conceptual model depicting how users and systems can work together in this function and examines the consequences of the expanding user base and the use of password memory aids To achieve desired levels of system wide security will require an understanding of the cognitive limitations of users and the behaviors which result from these limitations The conceptual model pre
38. iagram also shows the wiring from the connector to the PIC MCU device on the target PC board A pull up resistor usually around 10k Ohm is recommended to be connected from the VPP MCLR line to VDD so that the line may be strobe low to reset the PIC MCU Although pin 2 VDD can supply a limited amount of power to the target application under certain conditions for the purposes of these descriptions pins 2 and 3 VSS are omitted They are shown on the diagram for completeness but in the following descriptions only three lines are active and relevant to core MPLAB ICD 2 operation VPP MCLR PGC and PGD 2 8 2 Debug Mode There are two steps to use MPLAB ICD 2 as a debugger The first requires that an application be programmed into the target PIC MCU The second uses the internal in circuit debug hardware of the target Flash PIC MCU to run and test the application program These two steps are directly related to the MPLAB IDE operations which include program the code into the target and use the debugger to set breakpoints and run 29 If the target PIC MCU cannot be programmed correctly MPLAB ICD 2 will not be able to debug Figure 2 7 shows the basic interconnections required for programming Programming Voltage MPLAB ICD 2 internal Circuits Figure 2 7 Connections for programming A simplified diagram of some of the internal interface circuitry of the MPLAB ICD 2 is shown No clock is needed on the target PIC
39. imer1 Store the password had been pressed and display on LCD Display void GetPassword void if Buttons BTNO 1 i while Buttons BTNO 1 continue store if password_count 0 lcd_clrQ Icd_goto password_count send_char 68 key_password password_count 8 password_count 1 else if Buttons BTN1 1 while Buttons BTN1 1 continue store if password_count 0 lcd_clr Icd_goto password_count send_char key_password password_count 7 password_countt 1 else if Buttons BTN2 1 while Buttons BTN1 1 continue store if password_count 0 lcd_clr Icd_goto password_count send char key_password password_count 0 password_count 1 else if Buttons BTN3 1 while Buttons BTN3 1 continue store if password_count 0 lcd_clrQ Icd_goto password_count send_char key_password password_count 3 password_count 1 else if Buttons BTN4 1 i while Buttons BTN4 1 continue store if password_count 0 lcd_clr Icd_goto password_count send_char key_password password_count 1 password_countt 1 else if Buttons BTNS 1 i while Buttons BTN5 1 continue store if password_count 0 lcd_clrQ Icd_goto password_count send_char key_password password_count 9 password_countt 1 69 else if Buttons BTN6 1 while Buttons BTN6 1 continue store if password_count 0
40. is easy to see that microcontrollers save money When the most modern technical engineering is applied to a microcontroller it allows the device to be extremely compact making microcontrollers popular within mobile devices such as cell phones and PDAs 2 7 1 25 Microcontroller PIC16F727 Special Features Simplify features of microcontroller PIC16F727 is as below a b c d e g h i k I Interrupt capability 8 Level Deep Hardware Stack Direct Indirect or Relative Addressing modes Processor Read Access to Program Memory Precision Internal Oscillator a 16MHz or 500kHz operation b Factory calibrated to 1 typical c Software tunable d Software selectable 1 2 4 or 8 divider Multiplexed Master Clear with Pull up or Input Pin 14 channels of 8 bit Analog to Digital A D converter where conversion is also available during sleep mode Enhanced Timer1 a Dedicated low power 32 kHz oscillator b 16 bit timer counter with pre scaler c External Gate Input mode with toggle and single shot modes d Interrupt on gate completion 2 capture compare PWM functions Synchronous Serial Port SSP a SPI Master Slave b PC Slave with Address Mask Addressable Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter AUART mTouch Sensing Oscillator Module which is up to 16 input channels 26 2 7 2 Pin Diagram Ver MCLRIRE3 1 28 lt RB7 ICSPDAT VeaP ssl ANO RAO 2 27
41. ition A new interface which is more effective will be proposed in this paper Multi capacitance to voltage converters C VC are operated as time interleaved scheme which used to enhance the data rate and reject noises Moreover the calibration technique is used to compensate the RC delay of ITO layers also The block diagram for the proposed time interleaved architecture of the sensor interface will be displayed in this paper It consist of four C VC calibration comparators programmable multiplexer and ITO driving logic Every component has its own function C VCs convert the capacitance changes of ITO electrodes into the voltage level CVs amplify the wanted DC voltage level and reject the interferences coupled to the ITO The resulting signal level will be converted by SAR ADC and filtered once again by IIR filter in DSP Depending on the touch panel size the number of channels and operating C VC blocks can be controlled by programmable multiplexer The output of the C VCs connects to the calibration comparators and compared with controllable Vref to decide the number of conversion times of C VCs for each channel For the calibration circuit at the channel which is far from the interface the ITO electrodes are highly resistive and have much parasitic capacitance to adjacent electrodes This can cause the error being detected This detection error will be worsened as the touch panel size increases Other than that the C VCs output formul
42. kground 1 2 Product Overview 1 3 Objectives 1 4 Problem Statement 1 5 Scope 1 5 1 Hardware Development 1 5 2 Software Development 1 5 3 Interface In Between Hardware and Software 1 6 Thesis Contribution 1 7 Project Contribution oOo N N A aA a a A A Q 1 8 Project Duration 2 LITERATURE REVIEW AND THEORY 2 1 22 23 2 4 2 5 2 6 2 7 2 8 2 9 Introduction Potential of RFID Security Analysis Low Noise Capacitive Sensing Sensor Conventional Door Security System 2 5 1 Key Interlock Conventional 2 5 2 Magnetic and Smart Card Keypad Security System Microcontroller PIC16F727A 2 7 1 Microcontroller PIC16F727 Special Features 2 7 2 Pin Diagram Microchip MPLAB ICD 2 2 8 1 Modular Interface Connections 2 8 2 Debug Mode 2 8 3 Programmer Mode M Touchpad Capacitive Touch Sensor 2 10 RFID 2 10 1 Type of RFID Tag and Its Frequencies 3 METHODOLOGY 3 1 3 2 Process Flow for Double Security System Used M Touchpad and RFID Hardware Design for Double Security System 3 2 1 Power Supply Unit 3 2 2 Clock Generator Unit 3 2 3 The Reset Circuit 3 2 4 Interface circuit 3 2 4 1 Interface m Touch with PIC16F727 3 2 4 2 Interface RFID reader RFID IDR 232N with PIC16F876A 10 14 17 19 19 22 23 24 25 26 27 27 28 30 31 33 36 38 38 40 41 42 43 44 44 45 viii 3 2 4 3 Interface LCD 2x 16 Character with PIC16F727 3 2 5 Output Circuit 3 2 5 1 LED as output for PIC microcontroller 3 2
43. m 1 send_char id idNum Icd_goto 20 send_string User Name for idNum 0 idNum lt 10 idNum 1 send_char user idNum send_string SUCCESS ID MATCH beep relay 1 break default led_green 0 led1 0 led2 1 Icd_goto 0 send_string ID for idNum 1 idNum lt 1 1 idNum 1 send_char data idNum Icd_goto 20 send_string user not found AlarmBeep break delay 300000 led1 0 led2 0 Purpose Resets and restarts timers 1 amp 2 used for capacitive sensing void RestartTimer void TMRIL 0 TMRIH 0 TMR2 0 TMR2IF 0 TMRION 1 TMR20N 1 Sets the next channel for the oscillator to measure void SetNextChannel void if index gt NUM_BTTNS index 0 else if index 0 CPSCONI 0600001000 if index 1 CPSCONI 0600001001 if index 2 CPSCON 1 0600001010 if index 3 CPSCONI 0600001011 if index 4 CPSCON1 0b00001 100 if index 5 CPSCONI 0600001101 if index 6 CPSCONI 0600001110 72 if index 7 CPSCONI 0600001111 if index 8 CPSCONI 0600000110 delay routine void delay unsigned long data i send the configuration of LCD for data gt 0 data 1 void send_config unsigned char data i rs 0 Icd_data data delay 50 e pulse send character to LCD void send_char unsigned char data i rs 1 Icd_data data delay 50 e pulse
44. m is the most well known method for security system widely used for door security system A basic access control system consists of a key personal or information that user key in and a controller When the user key in the personal key the information encoded sends it to the controller The controller accepts the information from the reader and compares it to information stored in its memory The controller then grants or denies access by commanding electric locking device on the door to unlock or remain locked There are many kinds of keypad security system in the market Mostly the keypad systems using a digital system to encoded the information and compare it to information or password number stored in its memory When the user key in the personal key the information encoded and sends it to the controller The controller accepts the information from the reader and compares it to information stored in its memory The controller then grants or denies access by commanding electric locking device on the door to unlock or remain locked Ifa valid code is entered on the keypad the lock release will operate for a preset duration The keypad has one green and one red LED to indicate the system status to the user besides buzzer and LCD display use as an indicator also The green LED indicates that the lock release is operating while the red LED indicates an invalid entry Buzzer will beep once when the password entered is correct Otherwise alarm on
45. n good security system This project which design a double security system is a good solution to a wide range of cases happened in Malaysia Demand on a home security system which is affordable and reliable for them is high also So this project is worth to proceed and introduce to everyone 1 8 Project Planning The project is planned by dividing into several tasks The duration of each task has been done and it has been described in Gantt chart below Semester 1 Semester 2 tand of PIC 16F which mchde Desim schematic diagram for hardware Construction of double security system hardware ee software coding Maan Ia Ia D Pee Figure 1 1 Gantt chart for the project Follow Up Execute CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW AND THEORY 2 1 Introduction The increasing number of unauthorized entry cases over the years have prompted many companies to design and manufacture automated door security systems Door security systems are designed to protect houses shops offices and other buildings from forced entry and minimized the chances of robbery Door security systems can be installed on different types of doors such as metal wood plastic glass and fiberglass They are available in different specifications to suit the security requirements of different types of buildings Household security systems may consist of a password enabled electronic locking device whereas high end door security systems are
46. ntify signal such as LED buzzer relay LCD display and motor so powerful I O port is needed Overall PIC16F727 is the suitable microcontroller which can fulfill all of the requirements 27 2 8 Microchip MPLAB ICD 2 The MPLAB ICD 2 is a low cost in circuit debugger ICD and in circuit serial programmer MPLAB ICD 2 is intended to be used as an evaluation debugging and programming purpose in a laboratory environment It can provide features which consist of real time and single step code execution breakpoints register and variable watch or modify in circuit debugging target VDD monitor diagnostic LED MPLAB IDE user interface and RS 232 serial or USB interface to a host PC MPLAB ICD 2 can be used for debugging source code in own application debugging hardware in real time and it becomes a supported device used Microchip s ICSP protocol 2 8 1 Modular Interface Connections MPLAB ICD 2 is connected to the target PIC MCU with the modular interface cable which is a six conductor cable The pin numbering for the MPLAB ICD 2 connector is shown from the bottom of the target PC board in Figure 2 6 28 MPLAB ICD 2 Connector PGD 4 i 6 zo PGC 5 Target VPP MCLR Vss PC Board Bottom Side Figure 2 6 Pin numbering for modular connector Figure 2 6 shows the interconnections of the MPLAB ICD 2 to the modular connector on the target board There are six pins on the ICD connector but only five are used The d
47. oftware does nothing When software controls a microcontroller it has almost unlimited applications C Programming will be used to develop the firmware to PIC microcontroller MPLAB Compiler used to compile the C programming The range of C code for this system includes setting code which is for capacitive sensing frequency measurement timer interrupt All of this is for setting of m touchpad Then setting code for LCD display microcontroller PIC16F727 RFID UART need be designed also Program will be started with initialize then introduce project by displaying specific sentence on LCD display Prompt user to enter 6 digit password numbers Some operation occurs when the password is correct or wrong Next stage is prompt user to scan the RFID passive card the identification number of the card will be read by using RFID reader The identification number obtained will be transmitted to the controller The controller will receive the transmitted number There are operations happen when the identification number match or not match with the stall value Some identify code is required in this project It is needed to show what would going to happen when password is correct or wrong and whether the identification number obtained is match with the database information or not The identification device used in this project includes LED buzzer LCD display and relay Besides DXP Protel 2006 software used to design the schematic diagram for d
48. oor unless the user s fingerprint matches with the stored digital print The latest door 61 security systems record the iris patterns of authorized users and use alarms to alert the control room in case an unauthorized person tries to open the door Usually this kind of security system used in large organizations and government agencies that are manufactured according to the security needs of the organization e Laser technologies Laser technology is also used in some door security systems in which an invisible beam of laser surrounds the door If an intruder or any other thing gets in the way of these beams the circuit is interrupted and an alarm is activated to alert security Door security systems also use motion sensors to detect movement in front and around a door From this project I gain a lot of knowledge whether in software various types of software such as DXP PROTEL MPLAB C programming or hardware various types of components solder skill testing and troubleshoot All of this knowledge will be useful for me to prepare myself for the future career especially in electronic industry which is changing rapidly 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 62 REFERENCE Seunghoon Kol Hyungcheol Shinl Jaemin Leel Hongjae Jang Kwyro LeelLow Noise Capacitive Sensor for Multi touch Mobile handset s applications IEEE Asian Solid State Circuits Conference 2010 Robert Biddle Mohamma
49. ore economy compared with the digital oscillator If any other devices need the clock signal please use a different inverter By doing this we can reduce the load effect on the oscillator which could disturb the operation The clock generator circuit is shown in Figure 3 4 43 cs 30pF GND I A 20MHz C6 30pF Figure 3 4 The clock generator circuit 3 2 3 Reset Circuit The circuit will reset once the push button had been pressed One push button needs one I O pin to be used as an input for PIC microcontroller The connection of the push button to the I O pin is shown in Figure 3 5 The I O pin should be pulled up to 5V using a resistor with value range 1K 10K and this configuration will result in an active low input When the button is being pressed reading of I O pin will be in logic 0 while when the button is not pressed reading of that I O pin will be logic 1 The RESET circuit is shown in Figure 3 5 P A Yvo 3 1N4148 R9 FK MCLR Aj 9 fs Figure 3 5 The reset circuit 44 3 2 3 Interface circuit 3 2 3 1 Interface m Touch with PIC16F727 To utilize the capacitive sensing module in PIC16F727 all the copper pads must be connected to the capacitive channels of PIC microcontroller and set those pins to analog pins This step is very vital before proceeding to software algorithm In this project the m Touch or touch pad is connected as shown in Figure3 6 9 S 6 5 4 3 1 Figure 3
50. ouble security system The reason used DXP Protel is it is more convenient and efficient compared with other 1 5 3 Interface In Between Hardware and Software Once complete the hardware and software the next stage is interface in between hardware and software The software coding will be burned into PIC programmer and then from PIC programmer writes into microcontroller PIC Once the microcontroller PIC16F727A had been completely programmed user can test the hardware If the output is as desired this project had successfully completed Otherwise troubleshoot step is required until desired output obtained 1 6 Thesis Organization Chapter 1 begins with background or brief introduce about the security system then is the objective or the purpose of doing this project continue with the problem statement which give an idea on doing this title the scope of project and the last is the time duration to complete this project Chapter 2 begins with literature review whereby some related information or previous works are included Chapter 3 discusses the methodology to achieve the objective of this project Chapter 4 shows the result and some discussion which related with the result The related output figure will be showed in this chapter Chapter 5 shows the conclusion some possible future works will be suggested 1 7 Project Contribution Since the breaking case is keep increasing nowadays residents from any sectors have a strong needed o
51. ow and magnetic density will be produce a movement for close one of connector Microcontroller cannot control relay indirect Transistor has been requirement for interface High rate at base transistor will be on the transistor and enable the relay Relay can be connecting to the other electric devices at connector In real application 50 relay must be connected to the solenoid for control the door Transistor requirement for connection to the solenoid increase the volt from 5V to 12V to enable the solenoid When the relay closed the connector which is sent high logic to port RAS at microcontroller solenoid will be pushed the load 3 3 Software Implementation A flow chart of the password entering system operation is drawn first before the coding work begins The flow chart is shows in figure 3 12 First level of security Password Entering First of all prompt the user to enter 6 digits password and then compare the entering numerical password with the stall value 6 digits password are ensured match with the stall value If the result is correct then the string CORRECT PASSWORD will be displayed on LCD display Green LED turn on buzzer will beep once and can proceed to the next step which is RFID identification Otherwise string ERROR will be displayed on LCD display LED red and alarm will turn on Enter 6 digits Password 4 Compare keying value with stall value Keying v
52. password When the correct and valid password is entered the LCD will display SUCCESS PASSWORD LED green turn on and buzzer will beep once shows the password is correct and can go to the next security stage which is scan the passive tag on RFID reader Any information encoded in the passive tag will be obtained and receive by controller The identification number will be compared with the stall information value Figure 4 2 shows the respond of output device when the password is correct Figure 4 2 Project overview when the password is correct 57 gt Figure 4 3 Project overview when the password is wrong If the 6 digit password entered is wrong ERROR will be displayed on LCD display LED red will turn on and the buzzer will beep twice Whole circuit need reset again to enter the password again Figure 3 shows the respond of output device when the password is wrong From this chapter the double security system used m Touchpad and RFID had been fully explained Hence the users can understand the whole development of this alarm system The complete source code had attached in the appendix Users can refer appendix to know more detail about the operation of double security system Figure 4 4 shows the schematic diagram of whole double security system The schematic diagram had drawn by using DXP Protel software 58 S ICD DISPLAY POWER REGULATOR CIRCUIT uo Leos Ceramic Capacite
53. phisticated fewer errors due to the ability for active tag to conduct a session with a reader Because of their onboard power supply also transmit at higher power level than passive tags allowing them to be more effective in RF challenged environments such as water metal or at longer distances Active tags have on board battery for power to transmit data signal over a greater distance and power random access memory RAM giving them the ability to store up to 32 000 bytes of data A battery can live up to 10 years and have practical ranges of hundred of meters Types of tags that were used in the RFID system are ISO card clamshell card and also soft label Tag used in this project is passive tag and the model of RFID reader is RFID IDR 232N Benefits of RFID tag a Tags can be read from a distance and from any orientation b Capabilities of read and write which allow data to be changed dynamically at any time c Multiple tags can be read simultaneously and in bulk very quickly d RF tags can easily embed into any non metallic product This feature allows the tag to work in harsh environment providing permanent identification for the life of the product CHAPTER 3 METHODOLOGY 3 1 Process Flow for Double Security System Used M Touchpad and RFID The flow diagram as shown in Figure 3 1 shows the process flow of the project All the process mentioned are important in completing the project First of all the project req
54. re are other components that must also be included so that the system will operate without any problem System clock generate the correct and stable frequency to supply it to PIC16F727 The reset circuit determines when to stop or initialize the PIC16F727 Power regulator circuit will supply the voltage for PIC16F727 and whole circuit The block diagram for the double security system used m Touchpad and RFID is as shown in Figure 3 2 Figure 3 2 shows the basic design concept of the project The heart of the system is the PICI6F727A Double security system used m Touchpad and RFID have divided into several parts Every part has its specific function and role in the security system 4 Power Regulator PICI6F727A A L Circuit LCD Display Reset Circuit Buzzer gt Clock Circuit Relay M Touchpad gt RFID circuit Figure 3 2 The design concept of the double security system 3 2 1 Power Supply Unit PIC16F727A used power around 1 75W or 350mA at 5V to function The design of this power circuit enough for supporting the whole system without any additional devices in the circuit board Ifthe output voltage drops a while it means the supplied current is not enough An additional power supply unit need be added so the system can perform properly Designer can either choose to use AC to DC adaptor or 12V battery to power up the circuit In thi
55. resents the actual data carrying device of an RFID system normally consists of a coupling element and an electronic microchip When the transponder which does not usually possess its own voltage supply battery is not within the interrogation zone of a reader it is totally passive The power required to activate the transponder is supplied to the transponder through the coupling unit contactless as are the timing pulse and data The RFID tag is essentially a memory device with a means of revealing and communicating its memory contents when prompted scanned to do so The memory consist of a plurality of binary two state digits also known as bits and the communication comprises RF reception and transmissions means The binary data bits are formed into binary words comprising typically 8 16 or 32 bits that can make up letters and numbers in the same manner as in computing the Internet and texts on a mobile phone The tag may comprise an electronic circuit printed circuit board with its own power supply an active device or be a very low power integrated circuit that is able to gain enough energy from the scanner reader RF signal to actually power itself for long enough to transmit the contents of its memory so called passive device In its passive embodiment RFID tag transmission power is very low and measured in millionths of a watt i e microwatts uW 36 2 10 1 Type of RFID Tag and Its Frequencies 2 10 1 1 Type of
56. rial Port and connect the wire to a 2510 04 female connector Table 3 1 is example of output wire when user cut the wire of female DB9 Serial Port Example of wire color output Table 3 1 Indication of RFID wire color 46 Color Pin function Connection Red Ground GND Yellow Vcc VCC 5V White Rx Not Connected Green Tx Data The function for each color of wires for RFID reader model IDR 232N is as shown in table 3 1 color of output wire So it is important to refer user manual 3 2 3 3 Interface LCD 2x 16 Character with PIC16F727 However different types of RFID reader sometimes have different To use the LCD First of all has to solder 16 pin header pin to it LCD model used in this project is JHD162A LCD connection pin and function of each pin is shown in table 3 2 and the connection shows in figure 3 8 47 Table 3 2 Function indication of each pin on LCD display Pin Name Pinfunction Connection 1 VSS Ground GND _ gt Positive supply for LCD brightness 4 Select register select instruction or data register 6 E Start dataread or waite REISS 8 DBI Daabuspm Re O Oo 9 DB2 Daabuspm R OOO oS 0 DB Daamwspm Ira 1 DB Databuspin RBS OoOO 16 LED Backlight negativeinput GND LCD DISPLAY Figure 3 8 LCD display connection 48 3 2 4 Output Circuit 3 2 4 1 LED as output for PIC microcontroller LED connection shows in figure 3 9
57. rom various sectors need the security system to ensure safety of their own self family member cash money or valuable things In this project a double security system used m Touch pad capacitive touch sensor and RFID will be introduced which gives enough security protection and is low cost user friendly and lasting So it is suit whether a well off or rich family and either single story or double story house The market can apply this kind of technologies so that every level of resident can protect themselves and safe from dangerous 1 5 Project Scope This project involves hardware and software development as explained below 1 5 1 Hardware Development This project consists of three parts Input part for this project is m Touchpad and RFID One m touchpad is being built The heart or main processor of this project is microcontroller Microcontroller chose is PIC 16F727A Last part is the output of microcontroller or indicator devices which includes LCD display LED buzzer alarm and relay Besides the main parts mentioned above there are some other parts required to operate the PIC and whole project such as power regulator circuit clock circuit and reset circuit After determining which components being used in project next is their connection and building a complete hardware which contain the entire component 1 5 2 Software Development Microcontroller is a lump of plastic metal and purified sand which without any s
58. s project AC to DC adaptor chose as power supply However higher input voltage will produce more heat at LM7805 voltage regulator The voltage regulator will broke easily if the power is turn on for a long time The typical voltage is 12V Anyhow LM7805 will generate some heat at 12V also Only the amount of heat generated is not much as other value of input voltage For more user friendly it is better to have both power connector in circuit which consist of AC to DC adaptor and 12 V battery Diode D1 is used to protect the circuit from wrong polarity supply C1 and C3 are used to stabilize the voltage at the input side of the 42 LM7805 voltage regulator while another two capacitor C2 and C4 used to stabilize the voltage at the output side of the LM7805 voltage regulator LED yellow used to indicate the power status of circuit it will turn on when the power is in correct polarity R1 is a resistor used to protect LED from excessive current that will burn the LED The voltage regulator circuit is as show in figure 3 3 U0 LM7805 jl Power Adaptor ia GND DS Figure 3 3 The voltage regulator circuit 3 2 2 Clock Generator Unit Clock system should able to produce and supply stable and nice clock signal to the CPU There are 2 methods to build the clock system which include digital oscillator and another method is used of crystal and discrete component The design by using crystal and discrete components as the clock system is m
59. sented here illustrates some opportunities for system wide improvement of password based risk 16 There are some conceptual model presented here such as authentication and human cognitive ability This entire can illustrates some opportunities for system wide improvement of password based risk The purpose of authentication is to verify that the specific information presented represents a request to be authentic from a specified entity It is important purposely for verifying the identity of an entity which is the basis for all future rights and privileges granted to the entity In the basic authentication process the entity desiring authentication presents credentials usually an account ID and some additional information to prove that the request is coming from a legitimate owner of the ID Today with grow of the internet and some other technologies users interact with multiple systems and can act as a bridge between them connecting their security mechanisms through password memory aids Different memory aids can result in different system cross connections as does differing system level security implementations A common password type memory aid can bridge two or more systems If one of these connected systems has a lower level of security implementation then this can be carried over to a higher level system The actual degree of system connection depends upon the memory aid and the level of security implementation on each system
60. sers If the server is compromised due to hacking or being attack with virus such as Trojan horse then the user passwords stored in the server are disclosed In Yang et al s protocol a frontend server keeping one share of a password and a backend server holding another share of the password cooperate in authenticating a user and meanwhile establishing a secret key with the user This protocol assumes that the two servers never collude and aims to keep user passwords secret even if either of the two servers is compromised But in practically attackers may try all kinds of alternatives to achieve their purpose which is to determine user password So this paper have introduce two ways which are half online and half offline to attack Yang et al s 15 protocol and show that user passwords can be determined once the back end server is compromised Another support material is from Art Conklin Glenn Dietrich and Diane Walz in the journal entitle password based authentication the concept of a user id and password is a cost effective and efficient method of maintaining a shared secret between a user and a computer system One of the key elements in the password solution for security is a reliance on human cognitive ability to remember the shared secret Traditionally ability human to remember the password is limited But with the introducing of the Internet e commerce and the proliferation of PCs in offices and schools t
61. shown on LCD display Microchip s mTouch sensing solutions allow designers to integrate touch sensing with application code in a single microcontroller reducing total system cost Microchip offers a broad portfolio of low power low cost amp flexible solutions for keys or sliders and touch screen controllers Get to market faster using our easy GUI based tools free source code and low cost development tools There are two types of mTouch which consist of i mTouch Capacitive Sensing technology It has longer battery life with eXtreme Low Power MCUs capacitive sensing in less than 5 uA high noise immunity and emissions and no external components required ii mTouch Inductive Sensing technology It use polished or brushed metal surfaces which including stainless steel and aluminum Besides it can sense through gloves create water proof designs and deploy the Braille friendly interfaces 33 The response of the sensor to fingertip touch is influenced by many factors which include touch areas voltage and current levels ambient humidity static buildup and so on Most of these factors have been accounted for in designing the demo application firmware and are based on typical environmental values and certain assumed constants 2 10 RFID RFID Radio Frequency Identification is a technology which is used to identify or detect an object The purpose of an RFID system is to enable data to be transmitted by a portable device call
62. t Overview This project includes two level securities which is capacitive sensing security used m Touchpad with microcontroller and RFID passive card through RFID reader The numerical numbers on m Touchpad can be randomly arranged according to the preference of designers Plus it can reduce cost and more efficient compared with keypad User must have personal key to access the first level security Then read the ID of passive tag by using RFID reader There are specific numbers for each passive tag The user must have the correct ID number of passive tag to open the door and lock automatically as second level of security 1 3 Project Objective In general the objective for this project is to design a double security door The main objective is providing two level securities which is password system security used m Touchpad and ID identification through RFID Capacitive sensing concept has been applied for entering the password using m touchpad Radio frequency identification RFID is an automatic identification method where the data is stored in the RFID tag The user must have personal key to access the first level security which is capacitive sensing system and ID card for second level security to unlock the door 1 4 Problem Statement In our country Malaysia there are many criminal activities such as stealing murdering raping and breaking cases happen among the citizen especially at Johor Bharu Because of these problems resident f
63. tch No Yes Display Tag ID and username Display Tag ID and user not Beep once Relay on found Beep twice Figure 3 13 The identification scanning circuit CHAPTER 4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Chapter 4 will show the results from the proposed system There are some figure shows the respond of output or indicator device once the password is correct and fail After entering password next stage is scanning passive tag on RFID reader some indicator device also for the second level of security Instructions on how to use the double security system are introduced in this chapter In this project PIC microcontroller was using as the main controller in the double security system It acts as the heart for the whole project First of all PIC used to identify which button touch sensor had been pressed on m Touchpad The m Touchpad used the capacitive sensing concept to operate Capacitive sensing module is a frequency based method The capacitance will change when the finger had pressed on the pad Changing of capacitance will lead to the change of frequency Frequency change on copper pad is measured in order to determine which pad being touched The numerical number on the m Touchpad can be arranged according to the preference of designers Plus the number won t be shown on the pad Designer only needs to change software coding in order to achieve this purpose The percentage of breaking case can be reduced It becomes a tough and h
64. ty for the future generation In my opinion this system design can be further enhanced and upgraded to another level 60 Future work Recommendations Home security is something to not take lightly especially given today s faltering and unstable economy As people get desperate to make a quick buck some will turn to crime making our homes businesses and families more vulnerable than ever before That s why it s time to take action and be pro active Below are some recommendations to make the security system better and more secure a b c d Manual Authentication If black out occurs the users still can certain manual key to activate the lock and access the door When break out owner or users many times cannot unlock the lock and enter the house So it become not fully efficient because user only can unlock the door when have current Wireless home security Low cost user friendly and lasting Plus it is suitable for double story house It can ensure safety for big area of housing Face recognize home security system The door only can be access once the system detects the match face image processing This method is very efficient because the system only recognize the correct face which is match with the stall image Finger print security system Fingerprint identification systems are biometric solutions that contain digital fingerprint records of authorized personnel and do not open the d
65. uires study of basic principles capacitive sensing concept frequency measurement microcontroller PIC family LCD display and RFID UART concept Next additional system consists of hardware and software is designed Install the safety security system to the door Double security system plays an important role to ensure the safety of house Previous project always involves one level of security but this project involves two level of security First level is entering 6 digit password by touching the number on m touchpad while second level is scanning the passive tag on RFID reader The project is considered done when all of the requirements are fulfilled The flow of project is as shown in figure 3 1 39 Create a M Touchpad Build hardware for password security system Check the connectivity between each other Design software coding for getting password and identification of RFID passive tag part Yes O Compile program by using MPLAB No Interface in between Hardware and Software Yes Thesis Writing Figure 3 1 Flow diagram of the project Figure 3 1 The methodology and approach of the project 40 3 2 Hardware Design for Double Security System Microcontroller PIC 16F727A is known as a central processing Unit or CPU There are many others supporting devices that been used on this project which includes power regulator circuit reset circuit clock circuit some input and output interface devices Besides the
66. when the password entered is wrong LCD display will display the instruction for user to follow 24 2 7 Microcontroller PIC16F727A This section reviews the reason of choosing microcontroller A microcontroller or MCU is a computer on a chip It is a type of microprocessor emphasizing self sufficiency and cost effectiveness in contrast to a general purpose microprocessor the kind used in a PC The only difference between a microcontroller and a microprocessor is that a microprocessor has three parts ALU Control Unit and registers like memory while the microcontroller has additional elements like ROM RAM etc So the circuit for microcontroller is simpler compared with microprocessor Microcontroller processors are designed to fill a smaller more focused variety of roles while making use of less expensive and less complex circuitry The main advantage of a microcontroller is that it allows electronic automation in situations where a full sized computer is not needed Besides microcontroller is cheaper compared with microprocessor Fully functional personal computer microprocessor is a complex device containing densely packed micro circuitry Most microprocessors also require gold plating on every single processor pin used to connect to the computer s motherboard adding yet another expense to an already difficult to produce item When compared to the simple circuit architecture found in the microprocessors of microcontrollers it
67. xpected criminal activities Providing two level securities will improve the control access system This system will give a high level of security for user to prevent their luxurious asset especially for home user being stolen by thieves and protect everyone from danger There are few reason why security system is important reason one is for the peace of mind Security systems employing house monitoring intercom systems CCTV camera surveillance and control access are the finest methods to guarantee that peace of mind Burglars and thieves can be anywhere They may be the person that had bumped into yesterday at the grocery store or someone who is in fact residing in the owner neighborhood Installing a security system can help the owner and family rest at night because the system routinely will be observing over your house so doesn t need to be relied on guard Being worry free is really worth a lot to the owner all round wellness and happiness Second reason is to protect property especially if the owner is from town or taking a holiday Security systems and burglar alarm system not only safeguard the owner life but additionally help safeguard the owner property and valuable possessions Lastly if a criminal sees a CCTV camera system or a camera surveillance system at house these folks are less likely to try to bust in CCTV video cameras work to capture burglars in the act but also help to avert burglaries from ever happening 1 2 Produc

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