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ASTER Reference Guide - ASTER SCIENCE PROJECT

1. Processing Level Cloud Coverage and Continuous Time Range Generally Inventory should be selected for Search Type After specifying the conditions click on Search Area tug on upper left Input of Search Area Either by entering latitude and longitude or clicking on a map you can specify desired area There are two options Rectangle and Four Corners from which you can input latitude and longitude of search areas You can also easily point out an area on a map using Click amp Drag to Zoom In function After pressing Click amp Drag to Zoom In button on upper right of a map click and drag on a map of your search area so that you can zoom in to exactly specify smaller area After specifying your search area click on Search Exec at the upper right to start search ASTER Reference Guide Version 1 0 Page 25 DPR Inventory Search Result Oncompletion of product search a window showing search result appears List of product appears according to the product levels Select your wanted granule based on Inventory Detailed Info Coverage Map Browse and Metadata and click Select Granule below per each granule Incase higher level product of your wanted data is not produced select Level 1A and request product generation in the next window Confirm that all the wanted granule IDs
2. ASTER is a high performance optical sensor with 14 spectral bands that range from visible to thermal infrared bands ASTER provides valuable scientific and practical data of the Earth in various fields of research ASTER is comprised of the following three radiometers Visible and Near Infrared Radiometer VNIR Wavelength 0 56 0 861m Short Wavelength Infrared Radiometer SWIR Wavelength 1 60 2 43 um Thermal Infrared Radiometer TIR Wavelength 8 125 11 65um SWIR eae VSR The ASTER sensor is characterized by Providing image data of the Earth from visible to thermal infrared wavelengths Realizing unprecedented geometric high resolution and radiance in each of its various bands Acquiring stereoscopic data in single orbit using the near infrared band Ss SS SS SS Employing a pointing function of 8 55 degrees for SWIR and TIR and 24 degrees for VNIR perpendicular to along track direction Y Being equipped with a highly reliable cooling machine for SWIR and TIR Designed lifetime is 50 000 hours v Satisfying the needs of businesses and scientists engaged in natural resource exploration and environmental monitoring Major characteristics of ASTER sensor is as follows ASTER Reference Guide Version 1 0 Page 9 Table Major characteristics of ASTER sensor Radiometer Wavelength Spatial Quantum um resolution number 0 52 0 60 0 63 0 69 0 78 0 86 0 7
3. ies eee tentent ntn nnns 10 o SWIR Short Wave Infrared Radiometer e eiiis eset tnn ntn tn nnn tns ntn sitne nns 11 HE TIR Thermal Infrared Radiometer eiiis iiia ai ia a a i ai iiaa 11 WASTER observation mode iue te FR Y YT CHR o VR Re Gua DEAS bays Aa eia iai Il 2 2 EFFECTIVENESS OF ASTER DATA issssssseeeeeee ee ene enne nennen ennt innen en nne nennen 18 m Multi band data from visible to thermal infrared spectral region essere 13 a Stereoscopic data to be gained from singular orbit cscscccccccsssessccsceecesssvscececeessnssecscsessessesseeseessenss 14 m Pointing function enables to observe the same area frequently esee 15 23 AS THR PRODUCTS ies etit siiietu irit pir einer en de ca RR et De P er RO DP doves 16 Standard PVOMUCES RENE 16 E DeVel DAS viis LU De it teen ntu 16 ASTER Reference Guide Version 1 0 Page ii EP Level IB axis Ea deed tees debts bae e ede ew e ua Eolo Dele Re EE o OR eee DEA 16 o Relative Spectral Emissivity 2A02 esses eee tntne their tn ennt tette 16 o Relative Spectral Reflectance 2A08 eese eee teeth nennen entente tatnen 17 o Surface Radiance DUI 3 seat Sattar tissue a Sins esha feta lla Sates Mrs ead aaa asa da iat Alas 17 x Surface Reflectance B085 nette TN RHET RR ER UNDE abate ua M b A 18 B Surface Temperature 2BOB ecccccccscsccsssvsevssssssessessessvsessessessssessestssessessssssessessssssssasessesess
4. ASTER Reference Guide Version 1 0 March 2003 ERSDAC Earth Remote Sensing Data Analysis Center Introduction High performance optical sensor ASTER Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer was developed as a joint earth observation project between the U S and Japan aiming at contributing to elucidate worldwide phenomena related to environment and to exploit natural resources ASTER is mounted on Terra the first spacecraft launched in December 1999 as part of EOS project which is an international project headed by NASA ASTER data has been distributed since December 2000 via ERSDAC Earth Remote Sensing Data Analysis Center in Japan So far ASTER has acquired no less than 500 000 scenes and the number is increasing steadily under satisfactory operation of the sensor This Reference Guide was made for users to effectively take advantage of ASTER data We ERSDAC is delighted if the document proves helpful as a guidance in the process of research order and processing of ASTER data for the use in various fields ASTER Science Homepage http www science aster ersdac or jp en index html ASTER GDS Homepage http www gds aster ersdac or jp gds www2002 index e html ASTER IMS Homepage http imsweb aster ersdac or jp ims html MainMenu MainMenu html ASTER Reference Guide Version 1 0 Page i ASTER Reference Guide Table of Contents INTRODUCTION 5 Efe cte d ep ecd a ei E
5. ASTER Reference Guide Version 1 0 Page viii Mb MOU NASA NDVI NRL Oak Ridge National Laboratory DAAC Product Generation Service Product Generation System ASTER Product Generation System obsolete ECS element name principal investigator principal investigator team leader quick look quality control software development plan UY ASTER Reference Guide Version 1 0 Page ix
6. Blue When window for setting display appears click on OK to display the image in the designated three colors Set Dopey Speers siame har PRD ATOM DAT Ares de Display k End feral LN pzm f simt sunn paii fi Daph Te Iharra Cipla Magrelesln berries Vrihence mers Bits of okr a Stretch mem Sivetch Min mercar Percent Tad Clipped Teak TT n cata Display krask pes channel cm ASTER Reference Guide Version 1 0 Page 36 5 Applications of ASTER Data B Data Analysis I Land Cover Classification Map Inbanuma marsh in Chiba pref Japan B Data Analysis II Snow Cover in Anti Disaster Area of Debris Avalanche Mt Fuji in Japan B Data Analysis III gt Heat Effect in Urban Area Tokyo Bay in Japan B Data Analysis IV Water Turbidity Kasumigaura in Ibaraki pref Japan B Data Analysis V Extract Bare Ground in Forest Area Area surrounding Sameura dam in Kochi pref Japan B Data Analysis VI Seasonal Changes in Canopy Ratio Tama area in Tokyo Japan B Data Analysis VII Sulfur Dioxide Emission Miyakejima island in Japan B Data Analysis VIII Submerged Area after Flood Strike Elbe river basin in Czech ASTER Reference Guide Version 1 0 Page 39 Data Ana lysis Land Cover Classification Map Inbanuma marsh in Chiba pref Japan Date 19 March 2002 Spatial resolution VNIR 15m 36 0kmx39 0km Lb I Lor pm In npoEn
7. Data User registration Organization Department Title Name Signature User Information First Name Middle Name Last Name Name Telephone 0 O Facsimile Address Send the bill to ASTER Data Public Distribution service bill will be addressed to the person or the organization indicated here For ERSDAC Use Only User Registration ASTER Reference Guide Version 1 0 Page vi App III Acronyms AIT Algorithm Integration Team AIT Altimeter o ARO Announcement of Research Opportunity AOT ASTER Operation Team ASTER Instrument Operation Team _ ARC AmesResearchCenter ASCH O ASCII American Standard Code for Information Interchange AIST The National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Japan A A A A A A A ASF Alaska SAR Facility AST____ ASTER Science Team Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer ASTER ASTER Ground Data System in Japan ATBD Algorithm Theoretical Basic Document Bi Directional Reflective Factor BDRFs Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function BRDF Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function CCD Chanrged Coupled Device CCT Computer CompatibleTape CD CompactDise S CEOS Common Data Format IT LT RO OT RC SF ST DF CCD CCT CD CDF CEOS Committee on Earth Observation S
8. GH Bol Handl ed Koad Nettwerk dT UD Bowens HaT Gh Koen koto Road G Higie Hha IL laari O The image shows intricate road system interconnecting main cities forming radial and ring pattern centering the Imperial Palace ASTER data at night observation shows road networks as small as 13m across Since heat emission is considered a big factor contributing heat retention the image has potential to be used as a measure to recognize the scale of a city or the speed of urbanization Lc ASTER Reference Gi ae Version 1 0 Page 42 Data Analysis V Water Turbidity Kasumigaura in Ibaraki pref Japan pee 15 May 2002 Spatial resolution VNIR 15m 52 5kmx42 0km i ag el a cult 7 rss WR m ry a Y T A a ay d 7 T DEED TIAE ery LANES ey x M V LAC 1 1 TE we j a a t Band2 Bamd1 3 Band3NVA Bandi Kale Fier onm Arma The image indicates that the density of chlorophyll is especially high in northern part of Kasumigaura Sakura River has lower density of chlorophyll turbidity in river mouths G Et E ELE atmospheric corrected ASTER 2B01 data is effective for water quality analysis The image indicates that compared to the other river mouths flowing into Kasumigaura mouth of The image provides visual evaluation of the effect of a large scaled dredging and comparison of Image subjecting water areas is likely to receive influence of atmosphere or cloud Fo
9. Subs ppo System IMs SISS ASTER Ground Data System Fig Overview of ASTER GDS ASTER Reference Guide Version 1 0 Page 4 1 2 The EOS Project m Background of the EOS Project In the early 21st century Planet Earth will face global scale environmental changes such as global warming rising sea levels deforestation desertification and ozone depletion all of which gives a profoundly negative impact on the environment However we do not have sufficient information on these phenomena particularly on climate change To elucidate the mechanisms of climate change the most serious of the above changes NASA promotes the Earth Observing System Project EOS Project in which systems have been and will be developed for observing the Earth from space from satellites and of data processing and various research programs for data application m EOS Science Objectives The EOS science objectives are as follows Water and Energy Cycles Cloud formation dissipation and radiative properties which influence response of the atmosphere to greenhouse forcing Large scaled hydrology and moisture process cycles including precipitation and evaporation Oceans Exchange of energy water and chemicals between the ocean and atmosphere and between the upper layers of the ocean and deep ocean includes sea ice and formation of bottom water Science of the Troposphere and Lower Stratosphere Links to the hydrologic cycle and ecosy
10. as vegetation monitoring of volcanic activity and others In thermal infrared region TIR Landsat TM ETM has only one band while ASTER has 5 bands This is why ASTER is expected to contribute greatly in fields which require highly accurate temperature and emissivity detection such as identification of ores felsite from mafic rock studies on cloud evapotranspiration heat island effect in urban areas monitoring of volcanic activity heated effluent and others Comparison of ASTER with other earth observation sensors and the absorption zone of minerals in each wavelength region are shown in the following figure ey band4 band 5 6 7 8 9 band 10 14 1 quartzite y a an c T m Jl FPcoswic GAMMA X ULTRA MICRO SHORT MIDDLE LONG chlorite T RAY RAY RY VIOLET upane WAVE WAVE WAVE WAVE LI Quartz monzoni epidote monzonite 040 050 060 0 70 0 80 135 L ematite calcite LANDSAT 4 5 Spectral Coverage of Optical Sensors p trachyandesite p J a arosite kaolinite Periotite basalt TM a 3 muscovite i SPOT 1 2 3 4 oesit 4 kaolinite V HRV i PANCROMATIC MODE montifiorillonicanaa montmorillonit Ir JERS 1 is aa nift Limestone clay He tz OPS ice allgmite limestone erra Ez EU sic rock ASTER dolomite k i Figure Features of ASTER bands ASTER Reference Guide Version 1 0 Page 13 m Stereoscopic data to be gained from singular orbit Anot
11. available 64 bit mode PV WAVE Visual Numerics offers a one month trial prior to Intel PC Windows NT 2000 95 98 http www vni com produ purchase Intel PC Red Hat Linux 6 0 cts wave wave7download Digital Equipment Digital UNIX 4 0 html Hewlett Packard HP UX 10 2 11 0 It is needed to obtain a license IBM AIX 4 3 number via email or phone call in SGI IRIX6 5 order to install free software from SUN Microsystems Solaris 2 6 Visual Numerics ENVISION Free software developed by the Department of IBM RS6000 AIX 3 2 5 http www atmos uiuc ed Atmospheric Sciences University of Illinois at HP 700 HP UX 9 0 u e Urbana Champaign Sun Sparc SunOS 4 1 3 SGI IRIX 5 2 DEC Alpha OSF 2 0 Linked Windows Imagery data display software developed by Can be used with SGI Sun IBM HP http linkwinds jpl nasa Interactive Data NASA JPL and PC based Linux workstations gov System LinkWinds NCSA Java HDF Free software developed by NCSA UNIX Solaris http hdf ncsa uiuc edu Interface JHI and Java Solaris x86 java hdf html HDF Viewer JHV SGI IRIX 5 3 and 6 2 Intel PC Windows 95 NT HDF Browser Provided by Fortner for free Intel PC Windows NT 95 http www fortner com Macintosh OS 7 1 or later ASTER Data Opener Tool to convert ASTER data in HDF format into single band or BSQ format The tool enables to view ASTER data on commercial program such as Photoshop that can accommodate BSQ format data Windows98SE Me NT 4 0 or later 2000 http www g
12. explain the structure of ASTER data based on Level 1B data which is the most popular ASTER product Please refer to ASTER User s Guide for the details of each product and coefficient used for the generation of products m Outline of Level 1B product Level 1B is produced out of Level 1A by applying radiometric correction coefficient and geometric correction coefficient LIB is processed according to map projection UTM standard Lambert Conformal Conic Polar Stereographic Uniform Lat Long or SOM and resampling method Cubic Convolution standard Nearest Neighbor or Bi linear requested by user The data is observed in a so called Path Oriented manner which means data is observed along satellite direction Actual pixel size is slightly dependent on altitude and pointing angle of the satellite However pixel size of the product is adjusted to be 15m for VNIR 30m for SWIR and 90m for TIR regardless of conditions at data acquisition m Product structure and volume of data Product structure and volume of data for L1B is as shown below All the images and metadata of ASTER product is stored in a single HDF EOS file product in CEOS format is also available By applying software refer to section 4 2 which enables to handle HDF EOS file there is no need for users to worry about the data volume of each file comprising product or the order of storing files when handling images ASTER R
13. satellite image analyses is also available from the site For downloading MultiSpec please visit http www ece purdue edu biehl MultiSpec The procedure of displaying ASTER image on MultiSpec is as follows Multispec enables to read HDF EOS format and display ASTER data without using format conversion tool Select Open Image from File folder in the Menu of MultiSpec Please select a folder with ASTER data file from the pop up window Make sure that file type is designated at All Files to display all the files Then click Open Jy d ARE 7r4 JE SANT C3 ASTER Ia tern Files of type r4 T Wires 7 r Esimese Lia Set up screen for file format parameter appears Select one band from HDF Data Set for display Please note that only one band can be open at one time Then click on OK ASTER Reference Guide Version 1 0 Page 36 When window for display specification appears select stretch method for the image Basically there is no need to change the initial setting linear stretch Click on OK and the image will be displayed ASTER Reference Guide Version 1 0 Page 37 In case of displaying an image of two or more bands check on Link to active image window on left side of a window pop up from Open Image in File folder and select bands do not forget to cancel the link afterwards Then select Display Image from Processor and allocate each band to colors Red Green and
14. team promotes data application and provides instructions and advices in coordinating user requirements ASTER ASTER Reference Guide Version 1 0 Page 2 Science Team is divided into multiple working groups WG separately in Japan and the U S where specific activities take place Each WG works on different research theme and the results will be reported at ASTER Science Team Meeting in which adjustments between Japan and the U S sides are also made Table The WGs of the ASTER Science Project organized in Japan A DEM WG Sensor Information Lab OMP WG Yasushi Yamaguchi Establishment of data acquisition policy Nagoya University Level 1 Geometric Hiroyuki Fujisada Development of L1 data processing algorithm Design of geometric verification plan Geological Surve of Japan AIST Corp Development of digital elevation model algorithm Radiometric Calibration WG Kohei Arai Designing of calibration plan for radiant Saga University quantities Atmosphere amp Atmospheric Satoshi Tsuchida Development of atmospheric correction Correction WG Geological Survey of algorithm Japan AIST Development of derivation algorithm for emissivity and reflectance TES WG Shuichi Rokugawa Development of derivation algorithms for University of Tokyo surface temperature and emissivity HLDP WG Isao Sato Coordination of higher level data products Geological Survey of Development of ASTER Users Guide Japan AIS
15. time on earth Strictly speaking EOS View provided by NASA is the only display software for HDF EOS However Illinois University a home to NCSA JPL Jet Propulsion Laboratory which undertakes development of earth observation equipment and study of earth observation data and a private company Fortner provide their own software for HDF display and related utilities ERSDAC offers ASTER Data Opener a tool used to convert ASTER data in HDF format into single band or BSQ format as well as information about available HDF display software and related utilities Please visit the following website for the details to acquire ASTER Data Opener ERSDACO and other tools http www gds aster ersdac or jp gds www2002 service e u tools e set u tool e html Available HDF display tool and related utilities are introduced in the following table ASTER Reference Guide Version 1 0 Page 29 Name of software Table List of available HDF display tool Outline Compatible OS Download from EOS View A tool for displaying inspecting and verifying DEC Alpha Digital Unix 4 0 http www fortner com HDF EOS files Does not have image analysis HP 9000 735 HP UX A 10 01 function It easily displays grid point and swath IBM RS 6000 AIX 4 2 structures even without information on a file Sun Sparc Solaris 2 5 1 structure The latest version is 2 2 already verified SGI Power Challenge IRIX 6 2 32 and but 2 38 is also
16. 8 0 86 1 600 1 700 2 145 2 185 30m 8 bits 2 185 2 225 2 235 2 285 2 295 2 365 2 360 2 430 8 125 8 475 8 475 8 825 90m 12 bits 8 925 9 275 10 25 10 95 10 95 11 65 VNIR Visible and Near infrared Radiometer 2 oo 90 tu B o 0t BRWN SO ws This is a high performance high resolution optical instrument which detects reflection from the ground surface ranging from visible to near infrared levels and produce multi spectrum images The fourth band 3B has backward looking optical system of 27 6 degree from nadir and a detector which enable stereoscopic images to be generated in a single orbit by combining the same wavelength nadir band The radiometer is corrected in orbit by using a halogen lamp which promises high radiometric performance It also employs a vertical pointing function of 24 degrees which makes it possible to repeat observation of the same area within 5 days ASTER Reference Guide Version 1 0 Page 10 SWIR Short Wave Infrared Radiometer This is a high resolution optical instrument that detects reflection from the ground surface within the short wavelength infrared range of 1 60 2 43 um The radiometer employs a vertical pointing function of 8 55 degrees TIR Thermal Infrared Radiometer This is a high accuracy instrument which carries out observations of t
17. IBREF 1 vies diede see ot d e a RE Ne 44 DATA ANALYSIS VI SEASONAL CHANGES IN CANOPY RATIO TAMA AREA IN TOKYO eene 45 DATA ANALYSIS VII SULFUR DIOXIDE EMISSION MIYAKEJ IMA ISLAND eene nnns 46 DATA ANALYSIS VIII SUBMERGED AREA AFTER FLOOD STRIKE ELBE RIVER BASIN IN CZECH ossee 47 APPENDICES APP I REQUIREMENTS FOR ASTER DATA DISTRIBUTION MM Il APP II APPLOCATION FORM FOR ASTER GDS USER REGISTRATION pplication HH VI LUVZUMIIEEEOL NOTA NEEEEEEPEEEETT VII ASTER Reference Guide Version 1 0 Page iv 1 Background of the ASTER Project 1 1 The ASTER Project m Background of the ASTER Project Japanese Ministry of Economy Trade and Industry METI formerly MITI The Ministry of International Trading and Industry launched Japanese Earth Resource Spacecraft JERS 1 in 1992 with its primary purpose being to investigate the Earth s resources Users of JERS 1 s geological and natural resource remote sensing services have since called for METI to develop more advanced sensors than those of JERS 1 to obtain more detailed geological data and to gain insight into phenomena that have a significant impact on the global environment In response to these demands METI has developed ASTER Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer ASTER was placed on board of the first spacecraft of the EOS Pro
18. ION FOR THE HANDLING OF ASTER DATA ciseseeseseeee eee e eene enne nenne 26 4 HOW TO USE ASTER DATA esseeseeseeeeeeee eene nenne nne nne enne tnnet nets nne N SES 27 A STRUCTURE OF ASTER DATA ttti ette Eti eee ee nested E nene eae og a a Rege uae 27 m Outline Of Level 1B product veccssscsscceccsssessscccceeesesscccceeteessnseesessesesseesscecessssaseeesceesensessceeseessessenseesses 27 m Product structure and volume of data sesenta nnne tne tne tnnt nonna 27 4 2 TO DISPEAY ASTER DATA oi e SPERO edP DTI de cete vere estere tert dg 29 WASTER data formati bee in o ig ao ate hi aad isbvssashsoseed levebesdvssassseutioveds 29 4 3 TOANALYZE AS TER DATA ve 4th ti i tenni b a e RD dE 31 m Format conversion of ASTER data using ASTER Data Opener esses eene 31 MASTER data analysis using MultiSpec essei esee eene seen nasse nina aas sesenta asas enean 36 ASTER Reference Guide Version 1 0 Page iii 5 APPLICATIONS OF ASTER DATA tete mind tetendit imt d ipu aaaea 39 DATA ANALYSIS I LAND COVER CLASSIFICATION MAP INBANUMA MARSH IN CHIBA PREF 40 DATA ANALYSIS II SNOW COVER IN ANTI DISASTER AREA OF DEBRIS AVALANCHE MT FUJ I 41 DATA ANALYSIS Ill HEAT EFFECT IN URBAN AREA TOKYO BAY sssese enhn nant nane 42 DATA ANALYSIS IV WATER TURBIDITY KASUMIGAURA IN IBARAKI PREF isse nnn nnne 43 DATA ANALYSIS V EXTRACT BARE GROUND IN FOREST AREA AREA SURROUNDING SAMEURA DAM IN KOGCHP
19. R Reference Guide Version 1 0 Page 6 2 What is ASTER Data 2 1 Overview of the ASTER Sensor m Terra s orbit Terra formerly EOS AM 1 on which ASTER is carried is the initiating spacecraft of the EOS Project and was launched on 18 December 1999 from Vandenberg Air Force Base in the US ASTER data collection started on 24 Feb 2000 and made public from 1 Dec 2000 Planned lifetime of Terra is 6 years and the observation will continue until 2005 Terra revolves around sun synchronous orbit on 16 day cycle returns to the original orbit in 16 days passing over equator at around 10 30 at the local time The altitude is about 705km just over equator and circles around the earth in every 98 9 minutes Therefore Terra revolves 233 orbit paths in every 16 days Landsat 7 operates on the same orbit 30 minutes ahead of Terra Terra s orbit parameters are shown in table below Table Terra orbit parameters Orbit Sun Synchronous Descending Pass time over equator 10 30 15 min AM at local time Altitude 700 737 km 705km on the equator Orbit inclination 98 2deg 0 15deg Repeat cycle Inter orbit distance Revolution time Orbit positioning accuracy Repetition accuracy 20 km 3c Path Map of Terra is as shown below ASTER Reference Guide Version 1 0 Page 7 Fig Path Map of Terra Long 30deg W to Long 180deg E ASTER Reference Guide Version 1 0 Page 8 m ASTER sensor
20. Request DPR using the Product Processing and Distribution Service or alternatively request DPR Link at the time of generating your DAR Please read carefully the Directions on the use of ASTER Data beforehand Service available for General Users Service available for ARO Users ASTER Reference Guide Version 1 0 Page 22 3 2 How to obtain an ASTER data product This section explains how to search and obtain ASTER data products after completion of registration as a user m ASTER data products ASTER data products listed below are available at ERSDAC Please refer to section 2 3 for detailed explanation of each product Table List of ASTER data products Product name Resolution m Open date Level 1A V 15 S 30 T 90 Dec 2000 Level 1B V 15 S 30 T 90 Dec 2000 Relative emissivity 2402 Aug 2002 elative reflectance V 2A03 Relative reflectance S 2A03S urface radiance V 2B01V urface radiance T 2B01T 90 Nov200 un Standard n un n Surface reflectance S 2B05S Nov 2002 Surface temperature 2B03 Jun 2003 Surface emissivity 2B04 T 90 Jun 2003 Semi Ortho image 3401 V 15 S 30 T 90 Aug 2002 Standard Relative DEM Z 4A01Z V 15 S 30 T 90 Aug 2002 VOVNIR S SWIR T TIR For charges to purchase the above product please visit ASTER GDS homepage h
21. T Geology WG Minoru Urai Development of Application algorithms in the geology field Development of a spectral database Oceanography Ecosystem WG Tsuneo Matsunaga National Institute for Environment Studies Development of application algorithms in the environmental field Development of application algorithms in the oceanography and limnology fields m ASTER Ground Data System GDS As of FY2003 The ASTER Ground Data System ASTER GDS is the ground system which performs the ASTER mission operations and carries out data processing archiving distribution etc of ASTER data ASTER GDS consists of three segments AOS ASTER Operation Segment mainly performs the ASTER mission operation and monitors the status of the ASTER sensor SDPS Science Data Processing Segment provides the interface and controls processing analysis archive and distribution CSMS Communication and System Management Segment is responsible for networking and control of the two segments mentioned above ASTER Reference Guide Version 1 0 Page 3 In addition each segment is composed of several units subsystems This structure is almost identical to that of ECS EOSDIS Core System in EOSDIS the ground system of the United States that corresponds to Japan s ASTER GDS NASA EOSDIS Instrument Control Sapport Center Terminal 10C IST Information Software Manag t iir rr ion Other Systems Subsystem
22. are selected and click Product Order below Product Estimate Order Confirm all of the granule IDs you want are selected When making a request of processing higher level product select granule ID to process and click on PG Parameter Click on Media amp Format Select to select media for distribution and data format Media and format will be the same for all the data ordered under one DPR Incase of payment by credit card please select Credit Card as a payment option Confirm the contents of your request and click on Submit DPR Request to complete generation of an order Incase of payment by credit card identification screen appears and an order will be generated on completion of transmit and receipt of the card information How to generate DAR Data Acquisition Request Right to generate ASTER Data Acquisition Request is granted sorely to ARO Announcement of Research Opportunities researchers Please refer to Services for Users in section 3 1 for the details to be an ARO user 3 3 Notification for the Handling of ASTER Data Please read Requirements for ASTER data distribution attached at the end of this Reference Guide for the handling of ASTER data Please contact ASTER User Service in ERSDAC for any questions and comments ASTER Reference Guide Version 1 0 Page 26 4 How to Use ASTER Data 4 1 Structure of ASTER Data In this section
23. ata will be acquired under Full Mode and VNIR Mode In light of diversity in observation objectives VNIR and SWIR are equipped with gain switch function which can be set for individual bands to allow for adjustment f or each objective Band 1 and 2 are set high gain and the other bands normal gain as the standard setting However in high reflectance area such as desert and snow or ice covered areas low gain is applied while low reflectance area such as sea is set high gain on a case by case basis Low gain2 equipped with SWIR is aimed at observation of high temperature objectives such as volcanic lava Please refer to ASTER User s Guide for the details of gain setting of each band and the sensitivities ASTER Reference Guide Version 1 0 Page 12 2 2 Effectiveness of ASTER Data ASTER realized to obtain earth observation data of unprecedented nature The most effective three features in data application are introduced in this section m Multi band data from visible to thermal infrared spectral region ASTER has 14 bands from visible to thermal infrared region which enables to provide more information than that provided by Landsat TM ETM a representative earth observation sensor More specifically Landsat TM ETM has 2 bands in short wave infrared region SWIR whereas ASTER has 6 bands in the region Thanks to this ASTER data is applicable to define minerals and rocks in resource exploration environmental monitoring such
24. atellites CERES Clouds and the Earth s Radiant Energy System Energy Budget COTS Commercial Off the Shelf DAAC distributed active archive center DAR DAT digital audio tape DDL DEM DIS DLR i DLT DoC DoE Dol direct broadcast AM 1 DAR DAT O DEM jdigtalelevaionmodel oso ies DLR German Aerospace Research Establishment DIT jdatlinktermnal 0 DoC Department of Commerce DoD DepartmentofDefense __ DoE DepartmentofEnergy S Dot Department ofthe Interior _ _ oS i O data definition language direct downlink AM 1 ASTER Reference Guide Version 1 0 Page vii AIRS AMSU A MHS MIMR CERES and MODIS instruments ERSDAC Earth Remote Sensing Data Analysis Center Japan ES O Y GBps Gbps gigabits per second SE lt gt tri e o S 3 un e Q oO gt go e 3 e lt GIF Giga GMST M PS hw hierarchical data format interface definition language Q TJ zm L2 amp F S GBps GF I GMST_ HW s C International Earth Observing System instantaneous field of view IMS Information Management System obsolete ECS element name information management service inception of contract IOC initial operational capability Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission ISO IST IWG JAROS JERS JPL KBps Kbps o K
25. ci r Pw datum eigi kunir ndi dap the grimi arrionuymin of the drins ASTER Reference Guide Version 1 0 Page 31 Next select a folder that ASTER data file is contained Select the type of file pr dat HDF file and click on Open Select a file to input A window with file overview appears You can check details of the file from Details button Click on next to proceed Setup of output file A window to set up output file appears By clicking on REF a window for saving the file appears After designating the location and the file name click on Save button ASTER Reference Guide Version 1 0 Page 32 When the window for output file reappears confirm the file name with extension added at the end automatically and click on Next button Select a sensor A window for selecting bands for each sensor VNIR SWIR and TIR appears blank box at the left of the desired sensor s and Save as separate BSQ file for each telescope Click to check on the Checked on all of the three sensors as the default value for BSQ conversion ASTER Reference Guide Version 1 0 Page 33 a mm IET PR AIR Fae paa fae fae ras ra 1 EN E 2 B2 ea 5 L3 Fm ned Serres CE eer mi i ee enn In case of Photoshop the colors red green and blue are allocated to bands with the number 1 2 and 3 respectively The number can be specified by user for de
26. cpacuE uu Cabuuewg rues wpb Haw ema rrr Inbanuma marsh and southeastern area northeastern part are readable by the data catchment basin LJ Ey Es t3 efficient tool to understand changes in land use over years The data shows that farmland rice field and others is dominant in the catchment basin around Town and residential areas in Funabashi city in western part of the image and Narita city in The satellite data is effective in quantitative understanding of land use of a large area such as Working out land cover classification map in every two or three years using ASTER data provides ASTER Reference Gii ae Version 1 0 Page 40 Snow Cover in Anti Disaster Area of Debris Avalanche Mt Fuji Japan Date 20 March 2000 Spatial resolution VNIR 15m SWIR 30m 52 5kmx43 5km Natural color R G B 0 Band2 Band3N Band1 R GB 0 Band4 Band3N Band2 As shown in Area 1 snow cover and cloud cover is distinguishable O The image shows that snow cover is extended to relatively lower elevation area at the southeast mountainside Birds eye view image or contour line can be made easily based on ASTER images 3A01 which realize locating and estimating scale of snow cover in 3D ASTER Reference Gii ae Version 1 0 Page 41 Data Ana lysis heat effect in urban area Tokyo Bay Japan Date 27 December 2001 Spatial resolution TIR 90m 55 5kmx70 5km K
27. ds aster ersd ac or jp gds_ www2002 Op ener ASTERDataOpener Izh MultiSpec Multi purpose image processing free software It is convenient in displaying HDF image file Macintosh OSX 10 1x and Mac OS9 or former Windows95 98 ME NT 2000 XP http dynamo ecn purdue Edu biehl MultiSpec 4 3 To Analyze ASTER Data In this section we will explain procedures for the format conversion of ASTER data using ASTER Data Opener ERSDACO and introduce a freeware for satellite data processing called MultiSpec Purdue University which enables to display image from HDF EOS format m Format conversion of ASTER data using ASTER Data Opener ASTER Data Opener is a tool to convert HDF EOS format into BSQ format BSQ format image is possible to be read edited and saved on the general purpose image processing software represented by Photoshop Please access the following Internet site to download ASTER Data Opener http www gds aster ersdac or jp gds www2002 Opener ASTERDataOpener lzh Since the file is a compressed LZH form please uncompress it using appropriate software for the purpose After installation you will be able to open the attached ASTERDataer e 0801 tif pdf Activating ASTER Data Opener After inserting CD ROM of ASTER products into a computer please activate ASTERDataOpener exe Then click on REF button when window of ASTER data specification appears Click REF bein Aid Eps
28. duct is produced by rendering atmospheric correction to SWIR data ASTER Reference Guide Version 1 0 Page 17 The product is produced by rendering atmospheric correction to TIR data VNIR 2B05V Surface Reflectance 2B05 The product is produced by converting atmospheric corrected VNIR data to reflectance SWIR 2B05S Ah The product is produced by converting atmospheric corrected SWIR data to reflectance Surface Temperature 2B03 The product is produced by rendering temperature emissivity separation processing to atmospheric corrected surface radiance 2B01T data of five bands of TIR ASTER Reference Guide Version 1 0 Page 18 Surface Emissivity 2B04 The product is produced by rendering temperature emissivity separation processing to atmospheric corrected surface radiance 2BO1T data of five bands of TIR m Semi Standard Product Orthographic Image 3A01 The product is made by correcting the original image to be orthogonal projection to eliminate topographical distortion The distortion is corrected based on relative Digital Elevation Model XYZ 4A01X products The product is produced based on levellA product including band 3N and 3B and relative DEM XYZ 4A01X product and rendered SWIR high accuracy parallax correction T
29. eference Guide Version 1 0 Page 27 Level 1B Data Product Data Directory Ancillary Data VNIR Data VNIR Specific Header MIS pads Geolocation Field Data VNIR Band 2 VNIR Band 3N VNIR Image Data VNIR Band 3B VNIR Supplement Data SWIR Data SWIR Specific Header SWIR Band 4 SWIR Band 5 Geolocation Field Data SWIR Band 6 SWIR Band 7 SWIR Band 8 SWIR Image Data SWIR Band 9 SWIR Supplement Data TIR Specific Header TIR Data TIR Band TIR Band Geolocation Field Data TIR Band TIR Band TIR Image Data TIR Band TIR Supplement Data Figure Structure of Level 1B data Table Level 1B Data Product Size Item Data size byte Data Directory 8 192 Generic Header about 4 000 Geolocation Data Field TBD about 125 MB ASTER Reference Guide Version 1 0 Page 28 4 2 To Display ASTER Data m ASTER data format As aforementioned ASTER products are in HDF EOS format The HDF Hierarchical Data Format was developed by National Center for Supercomputing Applications NCSA at Illinois State University and this format enables to handle science data in various formats HDF EOS features an upgraded HDF function to increase efficiency in visualizing EOS data also supplemented with the EOSDIS Core System ECS rules data type and metadata With the geographic data point grid and swath data also supplemented in the format required data can be searched based on the position and
30. egister the applicant as ASTER Data User except for 1 Any applicant who was once an ASTER Data User but has been deprived of his her sanction by virtue of the Requirements for ASTER Data Distribution 2 Any applicant who has in the past submitted false information on the Application Form 3 Any applicant who is underage or a ward and where local law s dictate that no consent of a legal representative 4 a guardian or a custodian or any other equivalent permission can be acknowledged and Any applicant who is regarded as disqualified by ERSDAC Those who are registered as ASTER Data Users shall be obliged to comply with all the requirements in this document on the occasion of utilizing ASTER Data and ASTER Data Distribution service Users shall be ASTER Reference Guide Version 1 0 Page ii responsible for supervision and use of the User ID provided by ERSDAC Users are strictly prohibited from transferring or lending their ID to a third party 3 Product ordering ASTER Data Users are entitled to order ASTER Data products from ERSDAC as specified by ERSDAC in a separate document 4 Contract 1 Acontract on ASTER Data Public Distribution will be established when a User requests a product order in the way described in the previous article and ERSDAC approves it 2 Approval of the product order by ERSDAC will be established when the bill for the product s ordered by Users sent to the User whenever ERSDAC shall cons
31. ember 2000 and 8 November 2000 Spatial resolution TIR 90m 60kmx60km By taking advantage of characteristics of Sulfur dioxide SO2 which has absorptive character in thermal infrared region ASTER image is effective in understanding the spread of volcanic fumes ASTER data proved to be effective in monitoring volcanic activity ASTER Reference Gii ae Version 1 0 Page 46 Data Analysis VII Submerged Area after Flood Strike Elbe river basin in Czech Data 21 July 2002 and 24 August 2002 Spatial B aos VNIR 15m Se eS e M Ea J CP 3 Water Area Based on the above atmospheric corrected image L2B01V immediately after the flood 24 August 2002 and about a month in advance 21 July difference image was made by Band 3 to sort out environmental changes O As the color in image nears to red in the index the area is more likely to be associated with damages by the flood because it indicates vegetation changes and submerge Divided square land areas in the image away from the river may reflect influence of human activities such as harvesting however the image is effective in recognizing overall flood damages to a certain extent ASTER Reference Gii ae Version 1 0 Page 47 Appendices App I Requirements for ASTER Data Distribution App II Application Form for ASTER GDS User Registration App III Acronyms ASTER Reference Guide V
32. ersion 1 0 Page i App I Requirements for ASTER Data Distribution 1 General requirements Requirements for ASTER Data Distribution is a document in which the Earth Remote Sensing Data Analysis Center hereinafter referred to as ERSDAC determines mandatory conditions and restrictions in relation to the Public Distribution of ASTER Data defined as image data observed by and downlinked from the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection radiometer hereinafter referred to as ASTER onboard Terra Spacecraft one of the Earth observing satellites developed and operated by National Aeronautics and Space Administration hereinafter referred to as NASA All requirements present in this document shall apply to any circumstances under which a User who wishes to utilize ASTER Data and has completed the ASTER Data User Registration hereinafter referred to as an ASTER Data User or User utilizes ASTER Data Public Distribution services provided by ERSDAC ERSDAC shall not be bound to any documented objections that User may exhibit 2 User Registration Those who wish to receive ASTER Data Public Distribution service need to fill in an application form entitled Application Form for ASTER Data User Registration prepared and specified by ERSDAC as required to be registered as ASTER Data User Having received a completed application form from an applicant ERSDAC approves the information and goes ahead with the registration procedure to r
33. essesesseees 18 d Surtace Emissivity 2B04 s er tef e eh pe o eov uei 19 a Semi Standard Product e e e reste nesta solesns sede Da oid eee ea ges i a ad uad 19 o Orthographic Image 3A01 vicceccccccccscsvsessessssessessesssessessesssssssssessessessestssessessessssesssssesssscssestesesseses 19 o Digital Elevation Model Relative 4A01Z eese eerte tnter tntn etna tanta 19 3 HOW TO OBTAIN ASTER DATA eeseeeseseeeeeeeeenne tnnt e e thee thee testen este nnne nnne nen 20 3 1 SERVICES FOR USERS eee ette xir itid e ie ro dee sodas Fre a erar et redi Peor reinado d taS 20 a UserrePistFALIQU ii iiio div reve e avr etra dovesiee avi repe tete E e e vv Evo APER Z0 o Registration as a general user esee eese tn nnne nne tha tasses sesta tasas sese aeta nasse esaet annes Z0 o Registration as an ARO Announcement of Research Opportunity user eee 21 MASTER user services of ERSDAC sssssssersersersesrarrssseriererseroscrsoeceraeicreecsrersseeesererieroscserndeseeserar seeecenes 21 3 2 HOW TO OBTAIN AN ASTER DATA PRODUCT cessseseseeene eee e eene nre nn ere nee nr en nnne 23 mASTER data products e eerte eee oe nt eed ree dee o ees verear a ed 23 a Search and order of data iss eed pl m tet e o Re Ree Late Dea haeo Z4 ti oearchand order of datas Re ER oue A dote SE pda Z4 m How to generate DAR Data Acquisition R Quest cccccccccccsscssesesscssesesssesssesesscesessscsesesssssessessesess 26 3 3 NOTIFICAT
34. ge Water temperature monitoring in Kasumigaura area is shown below as an example of frequent observation Figure Water temperature monitoring in Kasumigaura ASTER Reference Guide Version 1 0 Page 15 2 3 ASTER Products ASTER data available at ERSDAC can be divided into Standard Products and Semi Standard Products Features of various products included in the two categories are shown below with sample images m Standard Products Level 1A This product is generated from LO data by applying parallax correction Geometric correction coefficient and radiometric coefficient are attached but the corrections are not reflected to the data Accordingly the image does not completely correspond to the map of any projection Level 1B This product is generated from L1A data by reflecting attached geometric correction and radiometric correction coefficients The data corresponds to the map ofthe same projection method Also values DN of the image data are possible to be converted into physical values such as radiance and temperature Relative Spectral Emissivity 2A02 Lh re This product is generated from data acquired by TIR Thermal Infrared Radiometer applying decorrelation stretch So subtle difference of radiation which is usually the case with thermal infrared data is emphasized in the product to enhance spectral effect The produc
35. ged 4 The User infringes the Requirements for ASTER Data Distribution and shows no sign of remedy within fifteen days after receiving a warning from ERSDAC and 5 The User is considered by ERSDAC as disqualified The User may request ERSDAC to erase their ASTER Data User Registration at the User s discretion If the User is erased from the ASTER Data User registration ERSDAC shall be released from all obligations that will occur or are under execution on ASTER Data Public Distribution services 14 User s obligation of indemnification The User shall be responsible for any loss or damage to ERSDAC caused by his her infringement of pertaining laws or regulations or the requirements in this document 15 Changes to the Regulations ERSDAC may make changes to the Regulations on ASTER Data distribution when necessary 16 Jurisdiction Any lawsuit pertaining to the Requirements for ASTER Data Distribution shall be submitted to the exclusive jurisdiction first trial of the Tokyo District Court Japan Regulations on ASTER Data distribution shall be construed in accordance with Japanese Law ASTER Reference Guide Version 1 0 Page v Application Form for ASTER Data User Registration Month Day Year 20 To Earth Remote Sensing Data Analysis Center I agree to comply with the Regulations on ASTER Data Distribution here attached With the information presented in this application form I apply for ASTER
36. he data accompanies the DEM data Digital Elevation Model Relative 4A01Z The product is an elevation data set extracted based on 3D data acquired by band 3N nadir looking and 3B backward looking of VNIR The product is not subject to corrections for absolute location altitude and others to be carried out using GCP ASTER Reference Guide Version 1 0 Page 19 3 How to Obtain ASTER Data 3 1 Services for Users ERSDAC provides most of its services through web based ASTER GDS allowing for users from data search to the acquisition on their PC Please refer to the following details of user registration process and outline of user services m User registration In order to receive products and services for processing and distribution you need to be registered as a user trough ASTER GDS There are two kinds of user categories for registration with different services available Please refer to the following table and choose either one that meets your needs please note that you can search ASTER data without making registration User category Available services General User Processing and distribution services of products archived at ASTER GDS ARO Announcement of In addition to the same services available to general users Research Opportunity ARO users can submit data acquisition requests DAR User Registration as a general user Read thoro
37. her pronounced feature of ASTER is the capability to collect information which leads to the production of stereoscopic data by combining them with high spatial resolution spectral information ASTER band3 in VNIR 0 78 0 86jum can observe nadir looking 3N and backward looking 3B data simultaneously Stereoscopic data can be produced by the combination of these data Also based on the stereoscopic data digital elevation model DEM can be processed In this way ASTER data can add three dimensional information on topographic map Accuracy of DEM data could vary in areas but the maximum error on ground surface is up to 50m and the maximum elevation error is up to 15m The following image shows an example of bird s eye view image processed based on ASTER DEM data VNIR Image DEM Image amr ima n Bird s eye view of Pinatubo volcano Processed from ASTER VNIR and DEM data ASTER Reference Guide Version 1 0 Page 14 m Pointing function enables to observe the same area frequently ASTER visible near infrared radiometer VNIR has pointing function of up to 24degrees in cross track direction This pointing function enables to observe the same area in every 3 5 days making it possible to respond to emergent observations So far ASTER observed volcanic eruptions in Miyake Island and Usu Mountain in response to domestic emergency observation requests Some of the images are exhibited at image gallery in ASTER GDS Homepa
38. hermal infrared 8 12 um from the ground surface in five bands The radiometer is designed to identify mineral resources and observe atmospheric ground surface and sea surface conditions by taking advantage of their thermal infrared characteristics The radiometer employs a vertical pointing function of up to 8 55 degrees m ASTER observation mode ASTER has several observation modes to correspond to different subjects of observation as well as purposes of application see Table below It is therefore necessary to select an observation mode matched to your study objective Basic observation modes are Full Mode for day observation which obtains data with all bands and TIR Only Mode at night Other than these VNIR Only Mode and TIR Only Mode are available for day observation Meanwhile SWIR TIR Mode available for night observation enables to observe active volcanic lava and other high temperature areas However day observation can also obtain stereoscopic ASTER Reference Guide Version 1 0 Page 11 data with Full Mode and VNIR Mode observing both nadir looking band 3N and backward looking band 3B Table ASTER observation mode Observation mode Data rate VNIR SWIR TIR Daytime Full Mode i 89 2 Mbps Obs VNIR Mode 62 038 Mbps TIR Mode A 4 109 Mbps Nighttime TIR Mode T 4 109 Mbps Obs SWIR TIR Mode t 27 162 Mbps Note stereo data of 3N and 3B d
39. ider appropriate 3 Once the contract on ASTER Data Public Distribution is established in the way described in the previous article the User shall be obliged to make payments for the Data Public Distribution service cost without delay in the way that ERSDAC specifies later in this document 4 ERSDAC may reject a product order from User 5 Delivery lead time 1 The standard delivery lead time of ASTER Data is approximately one week after confirmation by ERSDAC of the User s payment This lead time is merely a tentative target and shall not provide any grounds for a User to reject the ordered data in whole or in part or to claim any other indemnification 2 Under such circumstances that ERSDAC is incapable of providing the User with the ordered data product s the User may claim a refund for the ordered data but for no other indemnification 6 Costs 1 The cost for the ASTER Data Public Distribution service shall be determined by ERSDAC in a separate document 2 ERSDAC may change the cost for the ASTER Data Public Distribution service without notice depending on the situation 3 Once ERSDAC changes the cost the revised cost shall apply to every product order from the date that ERSDAC approves the product order 7 Delivery process ASTER Data ordered through ASTER Data Public Distribution service shall be reproduced and recorded onto a medium such as a CD ROM and shall be delivered to the User by post or other delivery service o
40. is service helps Users to register with ASTER GDS or to modify or cancel their user registration information Users who wish to receive the Product Processing and Distribution Service are required to apply for User Registration Printable forms are available either on the ASTER GDS Homepage or from the ASTER GDS User Service You can also change your Password or other registration information through this service This service enables Users to make searches for ASTER Data Products archived in the ASTER GDS This service can be utilized to check product availability or to confirm each product by checking the Browse Data Coverage Map and so on This service is also open to non registered users This service enables Users to search for ASTER Data Product s and to request their delivery It also enables Users to make a request for processing of the original data to a higher level This service is only available for ASTER GDS registered Users This service enables a User to acquire ASTER observation data under specified conditions of time region and environment by Users Non registered users and General Users do not have the right to utilize this service You can request an acquisition by generating a Data Acquisition Request DAR GDS will add the User s DAR to the ASTER observation schedule and will process the data when acquired However delivery of the product s to the requester is not automated Please generate a Data Production
41. ject Terra EOS AM 1 launched in December 1999 Since then the ASTER operation has been carried out successfully m ASTER Observation Objectives The purpose ofthe ASTER Project is to deepen understanding of local and regional phenomena occurring on the surface of earth and in the atmosphere The specific goals are as follows Y To promote research into geological phenomena of tectonic surfaces and geological history by means of detailed mapping of the Earth s topography and geological formations This goal includes contributions to the applied research of remote sensing Y To understand the distribution of vegetation and its changes Y To gain further understanding of interactions between the Earth s surface and atmosphere by surface temperature mapping Y To evaluate the impact of volcanic gas emissions to the atmosphere through monitoring of volcanic activities Y To contribute to understand the characteristics of aerosols in the atmosphere and for cloud classification Y To contribute to understand the roles that coral reefs play in the carbon cycle through coral classification and to make global distribution mapping of corals ASTER Reference Guide Version 1 0 Page 1 m ASTER s Development and Operational Structure In the ASTER Project the ASTER Science Team is organized which is composed of Japanese and American researchers in wide spectrum of fields including geology geological resources meteo
42. ns of replacing the delivered media or redistributing by the online method If neither case is appropriate ERSDAC will refund the service cost 11 Users rights 1 The User shall have the right to utilize the ASTER Data delivered by ERSDAC for the User s own purpose only 2 The User shall not have the right to interfere with ERSDAC or a third party third parties in utilization of the same data that the User purchased from ERSDAC 3 The User shall have the right to duplicate the data for backup only but have no right to distribute transfer or lend to a third party third parties either temporarily or permanently 12 Ownership ASTER Reference Guide Version 1 0 Page iv The Ministry of Economy Trade and Industry of Japan and NASA have the ownership of ASTER Data ERSDAC shall be the sole distributor if data products are generated from such ASTER Data 13 Disqualification and miscellaneous items ERSDAC shall have the right to disqualify a User and erase him or her from the ASTER Data User Registration if 1 The User is found to have been an ASTER Data User in the past but was deprived of his her sanction by ERSDAC by virtue of the requirements present in this document 2 The User is found to have submitted false information on the Application Form 3 The User is found to be underage or a ward but no consent is forthcoming from his her legal representative guardian or custodian nor can any other equivalent permission be acknowled
43. olicitation for ASTER ARO application will be terminated as of 29th February 2004 Contact point ASTER ARO OFFICE ERSDAC FOREFRONT TOWER 14F 3 12 1 KACHIDOKI CHUO KU TOKYO 104 0054 JAPAN E mail aodesk ersdac or jp Tel 03 3533 9310 Fax 03 3533 9383 m ASTER user services of ERSDAC ASTER GDS offers various user services through the following ASTER GDS IMS website http imsweb aster ersdac or jp ims html MainMenu MainMenu html ASTER Information provides the following ASTER GDS related information ASTER Reference Guide Version 1 0 Page 21 EDS Completion Information Product Map ASTER Table Menu of ASTER user services Indicates EDS transmission of level 0 data from the U S via network circuit processing and the product production are completed The map is provided as a bitmap to indicate the areas where ASTER has acquired data Information Orbit Projection The orbit projection of the TERRA satellite is shown on a map Electronic Bulletin Board User Registration Modification Service Products Search Service Product Processing and Distribution Service Data Acquisition Request Service Information exchange among registered Users is enabled on the electronic bulletin board This service is only available for ASTER GDS registered Users who have been provided with a Login Name and Password Please refer to User Registration for how to become an ASTER GDS User Th
44. r distributed by ASTER Reference Guide Version 1 0 Page iii an online distribution method designated by ERSDAC 8 Complaints 1 Any report of defect s in the purchased ASTER Data must be made in writing within seven days of receipt of the ordered product s 2 No complaints apart from the previous article shall be accepted 3 The purchased ASTER Data product s shall not be returned without the approval of ERSDAC 9 Payment 1 The User shall pay ASTER Data Public Distribution service costs to ERSDAC at such bank as ERSDAC designates 2 ERSDAC shall start the delivery procedure of the ordered product to the User upon confirmation having been made of payment made by the User 3 If payment is overdue ERSDAC may assume that the order is cancelled 4 A User may not cancel a product order after its payment is made 10 Responsibility and warranty 1 The User shall be obliged to utilize ASTER Data for peaceful purposes only The User shall be entirely responsible for his her own use of ASTER Data 2 ERSDAC shall not be responsible for the compatibility of ASTER Data with the User s intention of ASTER Data utilization 3 ERSDAC shall not be responsible for any losses or damage directly or indirectly caused by the User s utilization of ASTER data or ASTER Data Public Distribution services 4 ERSDAC s liability shall be limited to compensation for any defect or defects in reproduction or delivery of ASTER data by mea
45. r the reason ASTER Reference Gi ae Version 1 0 Extract Bare Soil in Forest Area Sameura dam in Kochi pref Japan pu 8 March 2002 Spatial resolution VNIR 15m elevation data 15m 41 25kmx45 00km The image shows that bare soils are scattered evenly in an area surrounding Sameura dam The image shows that larger bare soils exist in mountain top areas in Shikoku mountain range Since the image is observed in wintertime these bare soils are considered largely attributable to leaf fall Also in the image a relatively large scaled landslide is observable at the top of a slope facing north near the dam Data Analysis VI Seasonal Changes in Canopy Ratio Tama area in Tokyo Japan Date 10 and 11 November 2001 Spatial resolution VNIR 15m T SLL F aa 2Zanzmodu K G H Banii Sin 3 Hee IT MESE Sl i IHANIN Ee dart Ha irman Chega The image shows that canopy ratio mainly decreased in areas centering Azamino in Hachioji Area 1 Tama New Town and Machida Area 2 The image shows that canopy ratio decreased along roads in Area 3 O Based on the spatial resolution of 15m 1 pixel 225m2 the approximate canopy cover area and canopy ratio is largely calculable by counting the number of pixels in the image ASTER Reference Gii de Version 1 0 Page 45 Data Analysis VI Sulfur Dioxide Emission Miyakejima island Japan Date 21 Sept
46. re res SERE I 1 BACKGROUND OF THE ASTER PROJEQCT s eeeseeeseeeeseeeeee eene neret enne nnne ennt 1 1 1 THE ASTER PROJECT iint eter HH e E HER ye a Rte e en poto Rate ane aere prep aS 1 m Background of the ASTER Project ccccssssscccecessssssccecesessssccceeecessssaseeessessseaseeseeseeesssssececeesssssseeeeenssasees 1 MASTER observation objJectives essei esses eee nnne enhn tnnn nasse etta tasses senta tans ss sessi ta sas sesta aas nnn 1 MASTER S development and operational Structure ccccscssccccccsesssececceesevscccsceessesscssesscessecsssssceesensssases 2 sg ASTER Science Proje ives c sssiiedtaiessvssectiesctvvadainstevesdevsetadecceveadertates betvatdatavedvanstussaleresdescedessidvaduansen s 2 MASTER Ground Data System GDS cicccccccccsscssvscssssessessvssssessesssssssesessessesssssssessessessssssessessstsessessess 3 12 THE HOS PROJEGT c tet pente oa es rero o HX e RR i Leid Xo Fe ERE TERR 5 a Background of the EOS ProjeOk z oso e eni ti t t s e e eei rt egeo teas 5 D BON SCIENCE objectives Tm 5 a Sensors for the HOS Project 3 2 2 d datae o on ve FO eat asd ENE Weds Woes EA AE E 6 2 WHATS ASTER DATA ihnen rd ires rho certa eae HE Eee Pe geee oee yep ebat et Pene ots 7 2 1 OVERVIEW OF THE ASTER SENSOR eseseseeeeee eene rtn trennt trennen tenenti ieii ioii 7 a LOTTA G orbibus Er eee dad ead o dde deat de t de uaa elie 7 WASTER SoN sae E 9 o VNIR Visible and Near Infrared Radiometer
47. rology agriculture and forestry and environmental science Since the ASTER Project is a part of the EOS Project it is managed under close coordination between Japan and the United States Japan takes the share of the responsibility for ASTER sensor development generating optimal observation plans that accommodate and implement data acquisition requests from ASTER users and data processing of raw data to generate it in the standard format Level 1 processing while the United States takes the share of the responsibility for providing the spacecraft the launch vehicle and launch service and up link and down link for commands and telemetry data METI Ministry of Economy Trade and Industry AIST National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology NASA Manufacturing Industries Bureau Aerospace and Defense Industry Division JAROS Japan Resources Observation System Organization 5ex oe ee ee re eee ASTER Science Team U S Fig ASTER s development and operational structure m ASTER Science Project ASTER Science Project is led by ASTER science team team leader Hiroji Tsu ERSDAC consisted of scientists in Japan and the U S ASTER science team consists of scientists whose studies range over multiple fields including geology natural resources meteorology agriculture forestry oceanography and environment The
48. sired bands Please leave a note which color is allocated to what band so that you can trace afterwards For example If you select no 1 for SWIR band 9 red will be allocated to the band in the image If you select no 2 for SWIR band 5 green will be allocated to the band in the image If you select no 4 for SWIR band 4 blue will be allocated to the band in the image Click on next to execute BSQ conversion Confirmation of BSQ file Details of BSQ converted file appear on a screen Please take a copy of image size of each band per a sensor because it becomes necessary when displaying the image using image processing software e g size of VNIR Band 3N is 4980 4200 it is recommended to save the file information as an electronic file or print it out ASTER Reference Guide Version 1 0 Page 34 Click on completed and then on cancellation to close ASTER Data Opener ASTER Reference Guide Version 1 0 Page 35 m ASTER data analysis using MultiSpec MultiSpec is superb satellite image analysis software developed by Purdue University in Indiana the US with the support of NASA and NSF The software makes it possible to display and process ASTER data in HDF EOS format and other various satellite data The software designed for either Windows or Macintosh is available from the following website for free on making registration as a user Manual in English with specific guidance for various
49. stems transformations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and interactions inducing climate change Land Surface Hydrology and Ecosystem Processes Improved estimates of runoff over the land surface and into the oceans Sources and sinks of greenhouse gases Exchange of moisture and energy between the land surface and atmosphere Observe changes in land cover Glaciers and Polar Ice Sheets Predictions of sea level and global water balance Chemistry of the Middle and Upper Stratosphere Chemical reactions solar atmosphere relations and sources and sinks of radiatively important gases Solid Earth Volcanoes and their role in climatic change ASTER Reference Guide Version 1 0 Page 5 m Sensors for the EOS Project Among 24 sensors planned to be installed in instruments for use in the EOS Project ASTER Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer MODIS Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer MOPITT Measurements Of Pollution In the Troposphere MISR Multi angle Imaging Spectroradiometer and CERES Clouds and the Earth s Radiant Energy System are loaded onto the Terra platform the first satellite launched as part of the Project For further information on observation sensors planned under EOS Project and sensors on Terra please visit the following website EOS Project Homepage Terra Homepage http eospso gsfc nasa gov http terra nasa gov ASTE
50. t serves as an effective aid for selecting ASTER scenes to be applied to detailed analysis Noises would be emphasized when the process is applied to the scene with small spectral differences ASTER Reference Guide Version 1 0 Page 16 Relative Spectral Reflectance 2A03 VNIR 2A03V The product is produced by rendering decorrelation stretch processing to VNIR Visible and Near infrared Radiometer data in order to emphasize reflectance difference The product serves as an effective aid for selecting ASTER scenes to be applied to detailed analysis Especially helpful for users who analyze data with greater spectral variations Noises appear in the image when the process is applied to data with small spectral differences SWIR 2A03S The product is produced by rendering decorrelation stretch processing to SWIR Short Wave Infrared Radiometer data in order to emphasize reflectance difference The product serves as an effective assistance for selecting ASTER scenes to be applied to detailed analysis It is especially helpful for users who analyze data with greater spectral variations Noises appear in the image when the process is applied to data with small spectral differences Surface Radiance 2B01 VNIR 2B01V The product is produced by rendering atmospheric correction to VNIR data SWIR 2B01S The pro
51. ttp www gds aster ersdac or jp gds_www2002 index_e html Cost for delivery and the media CD ROM is included in the charge For the settlement of the charge advance payment credit card DC JCB MasterCard and VISA is available in addition to bank transfer to the designated bank by ERSDAC ASTER Reference Guide Version 1 0 Page 23 m Search and order of data For the search and order of ASTER data ASTER GDS IMS is available where you can point out location of the interested area on a map or specify it by entering latitude and longitude Please refer to the procedure detailed as follows Search and order of data ASTER GDS IMS is available for the search and order of ASTER data Please visit the following website ASTER GDS IMS Homepage http imsweb aster ersdac or jp ims html MainMenu MainMenu_j html ASTER GOS IMS ERSDAC rin dd Please follow the procedure as follows for the search and order of ASTER data ASTER Reference Guide Version 1 0 Page 24 Selection of DPR Data Processing Request menu Select User Certification on the top page to enter login name and password gt Ifyou want to search the data and not order the certification is not necessary Select DPR Data Processing Request from the top page and then select DPR Search from DPR Menu window Enter conditions for search From Product Search window specify conditions such as Instrument Mode
52. ughly Requirements for ASTER data distribution appended at the end of the document that specify all restrictions and regulations related to ASTER data distribution Fill out the Application Form for ASTER Data User Registration attached at the end of the document Sign and send it to the ASTER GDS whose postal address is shown below Upon receipt of the application form ASTER GDS will register the applicant as an ASTER GDS User When the registration completes ASTER GDS will return Notification of ASTER Data User Registration with user ID login name and temporary password necessary to receive available services to the user by post Contact Point ASTER user service ERSDAC FOREFRONT TOWER 5F 3 12 1 KACHIDOKI CHUO KU TOKYO 104 0054 JAPAN E mail user_service aster ersdac or jp Tel 03 3533 9388 Fax 03 3533 9390 ASTER Reference Guide Version 1 0 Page 20 Registration as an ARO Announcement of Research Opportunity user To be registered as an ARO User application should be made through ASTER Science Project Homepage http www science aster ersdac or jp en index html Submission of ARO research proposal is possible through the Homepage Making data acquisition request of up to 40 000km2 corresponds to about 12 ASTER scenes becomes eligible if the proposal is accepted ARO user can receive the acquired data free ofcharge For any questions or details please contact ARO Office below S

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