the manual to IPI2win_MT only in PDF format
Contents
1. Join Ctrl Y Join two layers joins the current layer with the underlying one into one layer with parameters depending on those of initial layers Minimum sets the least possible within the equivalence limits value for the selected model parameter Maximum sets the greatest possible within the equivalence limits value for the selected model parameter Section also available via context menu click the mouse right button on the section window Zoom in Alt F5 increases the horizontal scale of the cross section window Zoom out Shift F5 decreases the horizontal scale of the cross section window All profile Ctrl FS displays the whole profile in the cross section window More depth Gray decreases the vertical scale of the cross section window Less depth Gray decreases the vertical scale of the cross section window Options Ctrl F1 iz t displays the Section options window for customizing cross section window Pseudo section displays apparent the resistivity pseudo cross section only in the cross section window Resistivity section displays the resistivity cross section only in the cross section window Both sections displays both apparent resistivity pseudo cross section and resistivity cross section in the cross section window Rho_k Phi_k F9 Section mode P switches apparent resistivity phase pseudo cross sections in the cross section window Lin Log scale Ctrl Shift Z switches the linear logarithmic scale for the apparent resi2. MOSCOW STATE UNIVERSITY GEOLOGICAL FACULTY DEPT OF GEOPHYSICS GEOSCAN M Ltd WIN With IPI2Win MT IPI2Win MT v 2 0 User s Guide Moscow 2002 IPI2 Win User Manual Contents oo a a A E AE N E E O a PR a et Nara IRR IIA SE RN PRE i AT Cen EAT IE a a O ir ii AO insaling IPOWin E Uninstalling PA nni a Ne ein A Eons ni T E ETE Specifying topographical atures n A anette eC ee Um noni a Oa RINA OO ctr N cepa a rn RN Slee Wiewing curves and a i Viewing eros Seelons ooo ooo A gt E TR T A EI ED EE N ENEE AR LL Creating and editing the m E E interactive semi automated E A li A o a a oo VERA ARCA REA El PA E A ba E o IA O A A RT Moscow State University 2 Geoscan M Ltd IPI2 Win User Manual Introduction Product description IP2Win MT is designed for automated and interactive semi automated interpreting of magnetotelluric soundings data using amplitude and or phase curves IP2Win MT is to be run on an IBM PC compatible personal computer under Windows 95 98 NT 2000 XP operating system System requirements IPI2 Win can be run on any computer with Windows 95 98 NT 2000 XP operating system Monitor should be in 256 colors mode or higher Copyright Alexei A Bobachev 1990 2001 All rights reserved IPI2Win was developed using Delphi 5 by the Borland Int HDC1350WW 10180 All the trademarks and all the registered trademarks mentioned throughout this manual are the proper
3. Paste buttons of the Information window when editing the table cells contents as well as standard Window shortcut keys Ctrl Ins and Shift Ins Any editing operation can be undone by pressing the Undo button of the Information window The current names of sounding points from the opened file are listed in the VES name column of the Coordinates table field The names can be edited by typing new VES name in the selected cell of the column The sounding points coordinates along the observation line are listed in the X column of the Coordinates table field By default the first point s coordinate is assumed to be 0 and all other points are placed at the distance of 10 kilometers between the neighboring points These values are coordinates in the plain mathematical sense NOT distances measured on the uneven surface The coordinates can be edited by typing new coordinate value in the selected cell of the column If points are named by their coordinates the names can be transformed to the coordinates by clicking X coord from VES names x button in the Information window It is also possible to fill the cells of the selected range within the X column using extrapolation or interpolation To extrapolate coordinates 1 type the coordinates of the 1st and the 2nd points in the corresponding cells of the desired range 2 select the desired range 3 click the Extrapolation Ei button in the Information window To interpolate coordinates 1 type the
4. Paper size drop down list of the Print setup window The image may fit a single sheet or to be of a certain horizontal scale see Customizing IPI2Win MT section of this manual for setting scale It may be useful to see a preview of the page with the cross sections To do this choose the File Preview menu item or click the Preview button in the toolbar To save ink when printing on the color printer select the Section Options menu item and click the Pale button of the Section options window If a table of results is needed in the printed form choose the Edit Copy all model menu item or press the Ctrl A keys The parameters of all the models will be stored in the Clipboard The copied values can be pasted into a spreadsheet or a word processor and then printed from it General agreements concerning the Clipboard operation should be fulfilled Saving an image of the cross section A colored bitmap image of a cross section apparent resistivity pseudo cross section resistivity cross section or both can be saved as into the file of the Windows bitmap format BMP with the same name as the corresponding dat file To do this switch to the cross section window display the desired cross sections see the Viewing cross sections paragraph and choose the Edit Copy menu item The bitmap image of the cross section will be stored in the Clipboard The image can be pasted into any program capable of managing bitmaps 1 g graphic application When pa
5. coordinates of the Ist and the last points in the corresponding cells of the desired range 2 select the desired range 3 click the nterpolation button in the Information window Specifying point altitudes The sounding points altitudes are listed in the Z column of the Coordinates table field By default all the altitudes are assumed to be 0 The altitude of a point can be edited by typing new value in the selected cell of the column It is also possible to fill the cells of the selected range within the Z column using extrapolation or interpolation To extrapolate altitudes 1 type the altitudes of the Ist and the 2nd points in the corresponding cells of the desired range 2 select the desired range 3 click the cexirapotanon lal button in the Information window To interpolate altitudes 1 type the altitudes of the 1st and the last points in the corresponding cells of the desired range 2 select the desired range 3 click the Interpolation button in the Information window Saving and discarding changes To accept the entered topographical information click the OK button in the Information window To discard all the changes in the topographycal information click the Cancel button in the Information window To discard all the change in the topographycal information without closing the Information window click the UnDo button in the Information window WARNING Once entered all topographical information on sounding points of a cer
6. file h runs Notepad and opens the current data file in it Copy all model Ctrl A stores model properties for all sounding points in the clipboard items stored can be pasted into a spreadsheet or a word processor Delete all results clears models for all sounding point currently displayed in the Cross section window Copy model amp curve stores model properties as the pseudo log chart and field curve in the Clipboard items stored can be pasted into a spreadsheet Resistivity pseudo cross section stores the bitmap image in the Clipboard without axes labels and text comments Synthetic curve Ctrl T replaces the field sounding curve at the current sounding point with the theoretical curve for the model with current properties Point also available via context menu click the mouse right button on the curve window Next Ctrl Left displays the sounding curve and model properties for the next sounding point of the current data file Moscow State University 4 Geoscan M Ltd IPI2 Win User Manual Previous Ctrl Right displays the sounding curve and model properties for the previous sounding point of the current data file First Home displays the sounding curve and model properties for the first sounding point of the current data file Last End displays the sounding curve and model properties for the last sounding point of the current data file Inversion Space implements the automated interpretation for the current sounding curve using current mode
7. line with similar types of sounding curves Some transient palaces usually occur between the neighboring zones The curves within the zones may be usually interpreted using 1D approach while the transient curves differ considerably from 1D curves Sounding points with typical curves are selected on the observation line for each of the zones distinguished The curves for these points are interpreted using the a priory data available If the geological cross section is available from a borehole for the certain sounding points the initial model for the point is created using its data The number of layers depths of the boundaries according to the borehole column while the resistivities are asserted using the litological information Some geological layers may be joined into uniform geoelectrical layers according to their electrical properties and thus their influence on the sounding curve After interpreting the typical curves the models are transferred to other points of the corresponding zones The model for each curve actually needs editing Automated interpreting with fixing certain parameters can be applied to do so or manual model editing can be implemented The interpreting within each zone is thus implemented For the curves in transient zones more radical model altering may be needed The transient curves are interpreted paying attention rather to how the models of the points match the general concept of the geological structure along the observation l
8. of the initial layer and the ratio of the new layers thicknesses is 2 3 Splitting the deepest layer the semi space results in adding a layer immediately above the semi space the thickness of the layer added is 1 5 of the total thickness of the overlapping layers To join two consequent layers 1 e the layer highlighted in the model window and the following one press the Ctrl Y keys choose the Model Join menu item or click the Join two layer button on the toolbar The layers are then united in a single layer The resistivity of the new layer is the mean geometrical of those of the two initial layers The chargeablity of the new layer is the mean of those of the two initial layers The thickness of the new layer is equal to the total thickness of the two initial layers Joining layers is not available if the semi space is highlighted as the current layer Altering the properties of the layer To edit layer properties click at the desired cell of the table in the model window type the new value of the parameter in the cell and press the Enter key The theoretical curve will be redrawn for the present values of the model parameters Use arrow keys to proceed to the next cell in the arrow direction It is also possible to alter model parameters by dragging the pseudo log plot segment with a mouse The theoretical curve is redrawn synchronously with altering the parameters in this manner Dragging a vertical segment changes the depth of the corr
9. result files The result file is placed into the folder where the corresponding data file is located If a data file is moved elsewhere the corresponding result file must be moved to the same location Otherwise the results of interpreting are likely to be lost Automatic saving of the files after at certain time intervals is available To specify the autosave parameters choose the Options menu item In the Options window click the Autosave tab then type the new value of the autosaving time interval value in the Autosave every text field and switch on the Autosaving checkbox to enable autosaving Switch that checkbox off to disable autosaving WARNING Avoid altering the contents of a result file unless using IPI2Win The result file format and particularly the order of the sounding points must strictly correspond to those in data file Printing cross sections To print a cross section apparent resistivity or phase or any transformation pseudo cross section resistivity cross section or both pseudo cross section and cross section switch to the cross section window display the desired cross sections see the Viewing cross sections paragraph and choose the File Print menu item The displayed image will be printed on the current printer To change the printer choose the File Print menu item and choose the desired printer from the Change printer drop down list of the Print setup window The cross section is printed on the paper of the size set in the
10. ctance to a certain depth click the S H button in the toolbar The Conductance window will appear Type the depth value in the Depth text box of the window then click the Calculate button in it The conductance plot along the profile will appear in the window Linear or logarithmic scale is available for the plot s conductance vertical axis To choose one of them check the Linear or Log item respectively in the Scale field of the window Switching the Labels checkbox of the window on causes the sounding point names to displayed on the plot Depth Scal H Ese Copy es Calculae E Linear Log Ir Labels The results can be stored in the Clipboard by clicking the Copy button of the window The stored values can be pasted then into a spreadsheet or word processor as a table The Conductance window Other additional interpreting tools are available in Section context menu click the mouse right button on the cross section window Fitting error pseudo cross section To display the fitting error pseudo cross section display the desired pseudo cross section choose the Transformation gt Accuracy context menu item or click the Fitting error button in the toolbar Examining the fitting error pseudo cross section may be useful to distinguish the zones along the profile or in some depth period intervals where the fitting error is the greatest Such zones are likely to be connected with 2D or 3D effects Vertical derivative
11. eld of the Section options window Moscow State University 11 Geoscan M Ltd IPI2 Win User Manual Interpreting sounding data Overview The concept of the profile interpreting is the foundation of IPI2Win MT It means that data for a profile are treated as a unity representing the geological structure of the survey area as a whole rather than a set of independent objects dealt separately The concept is implemented mainly by using the interactive semi automated mode rather than the automated interpreting model IPI2Win MT is capable of solving 1D forward and inverse problems of magnetotelluric sounding The inverse problem is solved using a variant of the Newton algorithm of the least number of layers or the regularized fitting minimizing algorithm using Tikhonov s approach to solving incorrect problems A priory information on layers depths and resistivities can be used for regularizing the process of the fitting error minimizing The inverse problem is solved separately for each sounding curve Creating and editing the model Overview The model parameters for the current sounding point the resistivity the thickness and the upper boundary depth and altitude and total conductance as well are presented by a blue line of the pseudo log plot in the curve window They are also listed in the table in the separate window titled with the fitting error values model window The theoretical sounding curves for the current model parameters values
12. ents displays Information window to deal comments sounding names topography Print section prints the cross section s displayed in the Pseudo cross section and resistivity cross section window this window will be referred to as the cross section window Print curves Ctrl P prints the curves currently displayed and the table of the cross sections parameters for the corresponding sounding point Print setup displays Print setup window to change printer and or page layout Preview displays Print preview window to see how the active window will be printed Exit Alt X Exit by quits IPI2Win and saves results Edit Undo Alt BkSps UnDo ea discards the latest change of the model clicking this button after undoing an operation discards UnDo results Restore Ctrl F7 restores the model for the sounding point 1 e discards all the changes of the latest model editing session for the point Copy Ctrl Ins Copy Ea stores the current model properties and the bitmap image of the current window in the Clipboard when pasting the bitmap image into another application use the Paste Special menu item of that application Cut model Shift Del Cut de clears the current model and stores it in the Clipboard Paste model Shift Ins Paste applies model properties previously stored in the Clipboard to the current sounding Copy curve stores theoretical curve in the Clipboard items stored can be pasted into a spreadsheet Edit file Ctrl E Edit
13. esponding boundary while dragging a horizontal segment changes the resistivity of the layer If the Ctrl key is pressed while dragging a segment both the resistivity and boundary depth are being altered If only the boundary depth is to be altered it may be more convenient to drag this boundary in the cross section window rather than in the cross section window Clicking the mouse right button while changing a parameter discards the changes in the model Getting a model from another point The model from the current point is automatically transferred to the next selected sounding point if model is yet empty for it Consequent curve interpreting takes place usually and thus this effect results in automatic transfer of the model to the next point The model for a certain sounding point can also be copied into the Clipboard and then assigned to another sounding point by pasting it from the Clipboard To do this select the point with the desired model and choose the Edit Copy menu item or press Ctrl Ins keys or click the Copy button on the toolbar Then select the sounding point to which the copied model is to be transferred and choose the Edit Paste menu item or press Shift Ins keys or click the Paste button on the toolbar Clearing the model Sometimes it is necessary to delete the model for a certain point 1 e to start the intrepreting from the very beginning To do this select the point with the desired model and choose the Edit Cu
14. ile the Information window appears This window can also be opened in the course of interpreting H Tonorpapua OF Xx KomMMeHTapn MV A3mMeHeHHe KOQHPOBKH pycckoro Tekcra PAMOH PABO Kav MMK 204 3 2 etworkdinipi_mtsi45srxfl sms Uueno niHkerobB 184 Tun ycTaHoBKH Ta6numuya KoonHHa H MTZ Tec IM MT3 T B mc 4 R MTS MB3 qna ccepuyeckok Mopenu oxy 3xy Axy 13 75 0 5xy 19 95 0 6xy 18 95 0 y 35 45 0 amp Bxy 38 05 0 Oxy 41 65 0 f The Information window The Profile comment field contains the two first lines of the opened file It is possible to edit their contents here It will be saved to the same file afterwards on exiting IP2Win or on saving the file The mode of displaying sounding curves horizontal axis labels as VT T in milliseconds M T in seconds as well as for spherical model R or for frequency sounding with horizontal axis labels as frequency F by choosing the desired type from the Array type drop down list If the file was opened by mistake it is possible to open another file by clicking the New button in the Information window Moscow State University 7 Geoscan M Ltd IPI2 Win User Manual Specifying point location The information concerning the sounding points names locations and altitudes is displayed in the table Values can be typed in the table cells It is possible to use Copy and
15. implements the automated interpretation for the current sounding curve using current model parameters as the initial model the fitting error is minimized for both apparent resistivity and phase this mode becomes the current one Conductance S H displays the Conductance window to calculate the resistivity cross section conductance up to a given depth and to create a plot along the profile KY oars Choose component YK or KY or YX gt switches the cross section window to the mode of displaying data and results for both KY ae longitudinal and transversal components YK for longitudinal component only XY or for transversal component only TK T Period to Depth D switches the apparent resistivity axis labeling between period and effective depth Options displays the Options window for customizing IPI2Win Moscow State University 5 Geoscan M Ltd IPI2 Win User Manual Window Cascade cascades opened windows in a standard Windows fashion Tile tiles opened windows in a standard Windows fashion IPI V6 Ctrl 6 arranges opened windows like in the IPI v 6 for DOS IPI V7 Ctrl 7 arranges opened windows like in the IPI v 7 for DOS IPI V8 Ctrl 8 arranges opened windows in the IPI2 Win default fashion Toolbar displays hides the toolbar Status line displays hides the status line Contents Help contents jdisplays the help contents window on the current topic Search for help on displays the keyword search window How to use help displa
16. ine than to the fitting error of separate curves The geoelectrical cross section thus obtained is actually regarded as the first order approximation of the model of the geological structure along the observation line This cross section is analyzed taking its geological sense into account and matching of the result obtained and a priory data available Some alterations of the cross section result usually from such analysis Some layers even having no considerable influence on the sounding curves may be formally introduced into a model if the existence of such layers is taken for sure due to the a priory data During this stage of interpreting more attention is paid to corresponding of the cross section to the geological situation and its general appearance but the fitting error is still kept as small as possible Moscow State University 13 Geoscan M Ltd IPI2 Win User Manual Additional interpreting tools Estimating the equivalence limits To estimate the equivalence limits for one of the model parameters for a certain point select the sounding point then choose the cell with the desired parameter To set the parameter to the greatest value within the equivalence limits choose the Model Maximum menu item or press the Ctrl Alt D key To set the parameter to the least value within the equivalence limits choose the Model Minimum menu item or press the Ctrl Alt X key Calculating conductance To calculate the geoelectrical cross section condu
17. is plotted in red in the curve window Fitting error values represent the relative difference between the theoretical and field amplitude curves and mean square deviation between the theoretical and field phase curves in brackets with for the current sounding point and its current model parameters Fitting errors are also displayed in the Fitting error field of the status line At the first opening of the data file the resistivity cross section is empty The best fitting two layered model is automatically suggested for the initial interpreting model of the present sounding point Model editing involves altering the quantity of layers from 2 up to 30 by means of splitting or joining them to add or to remove a layer respectively and changing the properties of the layers 41 2 0 297 0 297 8 75 0 157 0 454 25 1 0 4541 3479 0 169 0 623 25 2 0 6227 109 0 532 1 16 30 1 1 155 9 33 0 301 1 46 62 4 1 456 184 6 56 80l 420 8 011 115 243 10 4 631 10 45 fe 131 23 6 1223 23 56 127 125 146 2205 148 1 330 The Model Window Altering the quantity of the layers To split the current layer 1 e the layer highlighted in the model window press the Ctrl N keys choose the Model Split menu item or click the Split the layer button on the toolbar The layer is then split in two The resistivity and chargeability values of these new layers are equal to those of the initial layer The total thickness of the new layers is equal to that
18. isk into the disk drive and run the file INSTALL EXE by any appropriate means The command line must be as follows gt drive letter INSTALL Type the path to the location where IPI2Win should be installed in the ZPI2 Win Setup window The path can also be pointed out using the Browse button of that window After this click the Next button of the window Read the message and be sure that the program is to be installed to the desired location If so click the nsta l button of the window To change the target location click the Back button of the window Restart your computer when the installation is finished WARNING While installing the installation program requires permission to install the NOVEX protective plug driver This driver should be installed otherwise IPIZ2Win MT will not run The PI2Win MT group with JPI2Win MT and Uninstall IPI2Win MT items will appear in the Programs section of the Windows 95 main menu IPI2Win MT can be installed on any number of computers Only one copy at a time can be used as a protective plug is needed to run IPRQWin MT The protective plug must be stuck into the parallel printer port of the computer where IPI2Win MT is to be run To do this turn off the power supply of the computer and the printer 1f the latter is connected to the computer properly detach the printers parallel data cable from the computer if the latter is connected to the computer stick the protective plug into the paral
19. itles field the standard Windows Font window will appear The font settings are uniform for all the texts of the cross section window Moscow State University 10 Geoscan M Ltd IPI2 Win User Manual Specifying colors of the cross section Color scales are used to represent the resistivity apparent resistivity and phase values on the cross sections The contour levels are estimated automatically using the data limits if the Auto checkboxes of the Contour levels field of the Section options window are switched on Otherwise the desired values of data limits can be typed in the neighboring text boxes of the field The default number of contours is 11 it can be altered from 3 to 84 in the Colors number numeric field of the Color scale field of the Section options window The quantity of levels is arbitrary in the gradient mode see the next paragraph it is changed with the 2 quotient in the rainbow mode The default or custom color set can be chosen in the Fill colors field in the Color scale field of the Section options window by clicking the Rainbow or Gradient button respectively The color set for the rainbow mode is formed by a gradual change of colors from the color corresponding to the greatest apparent resistivity values to that corresponding to the smallest through consequent colors of the solar spectrum The color set for the gradient mode is formed by a gradual change of colors from the color corresponding to the greatest apparent resisti
20. l curves apparent resistivity or phase derivative by the period or other abscissa apparent resistivity or phase derivative by the sounding point coordinate on the profile jaa Paspes Kaxyuweroca ConpoTHBAenus H reoneKTpHYecKHA paspes Resistivity cross secton The cross section window apparent resistivity for both components is displayed It is possible to alter the ratio of pseudo cross section and resistivity cross section by dragging the divider in the cross section window To view the pseudo cross section or the resistivity cross section only choose the Section Pseudo section or respectively the Section Resistivity section menu item Choose the Section Both sections menu item to restore the initial cross section window appearance To switch between apparent resistivity and phase pseudo cross section choose the Section Rho_k Phi_k menu item or click the Section KY MEE mode button in the toolbar or press the F9 The Choose component YK or KY or YX toolbar button switches the cross section KY window to the mode of displaying data and results for both longitudinal and transversal components YX for longitudinal component only XW or for transversal component only TX Moscow State University 9 Geoscan M Ltd IPI2 Win User Manual It may be sometimes useful to display the sounding points in the reversed order To do so choose the Section Horizontal mirror menu item Using mirroring mind that
21. l parameters as the initial model the fitting error is minimized for apparent resistivity or phase or both according to the current mode Profile inversion Ctrl F3 reduces the fitting error for all the interpreted sounding curves of the currently opened profile using current model parameters for each point as the initial model Profile interpolation Shift Ctrl F3 implements the automated interpretation for the all the uninterpreted sounding curves of the currently opened profile using model parameters of the interpreted points as the initial model New model F7 New model gt implements the automated interpretation for the current sounding curve using the least number of layers principle Option displays Options window to set the fitting accuracy for using the least number of layers principle Profile new model Alt F3 implements the automated interpretation for the all sounding curves of the currently opened profile using the least number of layers principle Edit curve F4 Edit field curve P t displays Edit field curve window for manual data correction Model also available via context menu click the mouse right button on the model window Chg table Ctrl T switches the modes of the model parameters table layers in line column Fixing Ins fixes the highlighted model parameter for further automated interpreting Split Ctrl N Split the layer splits the current layer in two with parameters depending on those of initial layer
22. le quantity of layers in the model in the Min layers number text field of the Options window Regularized fitting error minimizing Newton algorithm Implementing the Newton algorithm for a single point and the whole profile Within IP2Win regularized fitting error minimizing is actually more frequently applied for the automated curve interpreting than the Newton algorithm To implement the automatic interpreting using this approach select the sounding point to interpret create the initial model by any of the above mentioned means and then choose the Point Inversion menu item or press the Space key or click the nversion button on the toolbar The parameters of the initial model will be altered to provide the best fitting of the field curve for the present sounding point and the theoretical one The quantity of layers is not altered To implement the same approach to all the curves of the profile create the initial model by any of the above mentioned means and then choose the Point Profile inversion menu item or press the Ctrl F3 key If a similar initial model seems to fit several consequent points 1t is possible to make model interpolation for this fragment of the profile To do this clear the models for the desired points then create the initial model for the first point of the fragment and then choose the Point Profile interpolation menu item or press the Shift Ctrl F3 key Automated interpreting can be implemented with minimizi
23. lel port of the computer and fasten it then stick the printers parallel data cable into the plug if needed and fasten it Then turn on the power supply of the computer and the printer Uninstalling IPRWin MT To uninstall IPI2Win MT choose the Uninstall IPI2Win MT item from the JP 2Win MT group of the Programs section of the Windows 95 main menu Running IPRWin MT Using the created icon is the recommended way of running IP2RWin MT WARNING Make sure that the protective plug is stuck into the parallel printer port of the computer where IPI2 Win is run MT If no protective plug is found on the computer the Error window is displayed containing the message This is a protected program No further operation is then available IPI2Win MT is terminated after clicking the OK button of the Error window IPI2Win MT Controls This section contains a brief description of IPI2Win MT menu items those of the menu bar are underlined and italicized with the corresponding hot keys in the rectangular brackets and toolbar buttons in the figured brackets File Open F3 New profile opens data file Reopen displays the list of recently opened data files to choose one to open Save F2 Save ta saves current data and result files to the same location Save as saves current data and result files to another location Export displays the list of data formats to choose the mode of saving data Info Ctrl I Profile comm
24. ly so the scale of the curve plot may vary at the different sounding points To proceed to the next previous sounding point use the scroll bar in the status line or press Ctrl Right Ctrl Left key It is also possible to click a desired sounding point on the pseudo cross section or on the resistivity cross section in the cross section window WARNING The set of period values is fixed within IPI2Win If the actual set of period values differs from that of IPI2Win the apparent resistivity values are interpolated to the IPI2Win s period grid ES A ES I j I I j r I j I I y I 100 The Curve window Viewing cross sections Overview The pseudo cross section of a specified value and or resistivity cross section are displayed in the Pseudo cross section and resistivity cross section window the latter below the former in the equal horizontal scale The top horizontal ruler represents the names of the sounding points while the bottom horizontal ruler represents the coordinates of the sounding points Vertical line marks the sounding point for which the sounding point is displayed in the curve window Color scale columns are displayed besides the cross sections separately for the apparent resistivity or phase pseudo cross section and resistivity cross section The following values can be displayed in the form of the pseudo cross section apparent resistivity by default or phase fitting error for all periods of al
25. n of this Manual to check whether you succeeded Napamerpbl oKHa paspesob E Moras oce he Murere E W flesan ocb MHTepbanbl H30ANHHH Paspes Ro Kax Aeto Bcerga abro If Maney 1 21 If Harc mym 22 2 Feos ner TpHueckH ABTO If Manueyr 0 416 e Harc mym 257 kana uberos W MorasbiBaTb FP AsonHHHH Bi r a Nanurpa Panyra C poc TpagHent Csernee ro Kon 60 WEeTOB 41 PaBan otb iW HH HAA ocp Marc ray una Iw Asro 417 Macumra paspesa NpH newt Topas macura 1 100000 lala Il F Bepr macura 1 20000 O CpennnA Meet aBTO DPI 120 lllapuha apana npu nesate cm 21 7 EpennnA yy MoanacA Sj ee e BeWeneHHe CAOeB W MorasbliBaTb ciBDD M Sqrt_T Pseudo cross section Rho_a OH JH m Resistivity cross section Rho DHm Chargeabilty pseudo cro JEtta_a 2 The Section options window Labeling the cross sections The labels may appear in the cross section window These are sounding point names in the top of the cross section window horizontal coordinates in the bottom of the cross section window periods near the pseudo cross section vertical axes and depths altitudes near the resistivity chargeability cross section vertical axes Text comments may be entered as well and the axes may be named To label the cross section choose the Section Options menu item click the Section options ri toolbar button or p
26. ng the fitting error for Per eamplitude curves click the Resist inversion button in the toolbar ephase curves click the Phase inversion 4 button in the toolbar Es The initial model is created using the a priory data derived from the geological cross section and or the drilling data provided by the customer or available due to other reasons eboth amplitude and phase curves click the Full inversion button in the toolbar Fixing the model parameters If the certain properties of some layers are known for sure it is possible to fix them before automated interpreting The fixed parameters are not changed while minimizing fitting error Fixing the model parameters is the way of more strict and controllable regularization of the minimization process To fix a parameter click the desired cell of the table in the model window then choose the Model Fix menu item or press the Ins key To release a fixed parameter click the cell containing the desired parameter then do the same action 1 e choose the Model Fix menu item or press the Ins key Interactive semi automated interpreting Interactive semi automated interpreting is the main mode of data interpreting implemented in IPIZ2Win MT This paragraph expresses mainly the authors approach to the sounding data interpreting The process is usually started with visual analysis of the apparent resistivity pseudo cross section The zones are distinguished on the observation
27. on saving the mirrored profile the present sounding points order will be saved Scaling the cross sections The horizontal and the vertical scales of the cross sections can be change accordingly to the user s need To change the horizontal scale choose the Section Zoom in menu item to increase the scale or the Section Zoom out menu item to decrease the scale or press the AIt F5 or Shift F5 keys respectively It is also possible to mark the desired part of the profile by dragging with a mouse with a left button pressed beginning from some point of the profile the scale will be changed to display sounding points within the selected area marked with the rectangle only Choose the Section All profile menu item or press the Ctrl F5 key to view all the profile again To change the vertical scale choose the Section Less depth menu item to increase the scale or the Section More depth menu item to decrease the scale or press the Gray or Gray keys on the numeric keypad respectively It is also possible to mark the desired part of the profile by dragging with a mouse with a left button pressed beginning from some point on the vertical axis of the resistivity cross section the scale will be changed to display the cross section within the selected area marked with the rectangle only The pseudo cross section can be displayed in the linear or logarithmic vertical scale To switch between the linear or logarithmic vertical scale choose the Sec
28. opy button of the Edit field curve window To replace the apparent resistivity values for the current curve with those previously copied click the Paste button of the Edit field curve window The scrollbar in the Information window can be used to start editing the next or previous sounding curve without closing the Information window WARNING After editing the curves new apparent resistivity and phase values will be saved to the same file The old apparent resistivity and phase values will be stored in the file with the same name and BAK extension The bak file will be overwritten at the next opening the corresponding data file Moscow State University 8 Geoscan M Ltd IPI2 Win User Manual Viewing data Viewing curves and models The sounding curve for a certain point is displayed in the curve window titled with the sounding point name The point name is duplicated in the Name of VES location field of the status line immediately below the toolbar Only one curve can be displayed at a time The position of the sounding point on the profile is marked by a vertical line on the cross sections in the cross section window The field values of the apparent resistivity are marked by circles The curve itself is presented by a black line which is a smoothing spline on the field values The curve is plotted in the logarithmic scale for both period and apparent resistivity axes The number of the orders on either of the axes is determined automatical
29. ress the Ctrl F1 key the Section options window will appear Symbol substitutes cam be used in labels according to the table Symbol substitutes in cross section labels Typed in text box Appears on the cross section Rho p Etta n OHm Q Phi lt Symbol gt _ lt Symbol gt lt Symbol gt lt gymboi gt To display remove labels of a certain type switch on off the corresponding checkbox of the Axis labels field of the window The MTS labels check box is for sounding point names the Left Axis and Right Axis check boxes are for vertical axes labels the Bottom Axis checkbox is for the horizontal coordinates To display remove text comments switch on off the Show titles checkbox of the Titles field of the window Three rows of text boxes are present in the Titles field The upper row if for the apparent resistivity pseudo cross section the lower one is for the resistivity cross section The leftmost text box contains the name of the vertical axis of the corresponding cross section The rightmost text box contains the name of the color scale column of the corresponding cross section The central text box may contain any text to be displayed above the corresponding cross section the name of the observation line etc Type the desired text in the corresponding text box then click the OK button of the window True Type fonts are used to display and print the labels and text comments To change the font settings click the Font button of the T
30. sting a bitmap image from IPR2Win MT into another application use the Edit Paste special menu item of the corresponding application Moscow State University 15 Geoscan M Ltd
31. stivity pseudo cross section vertical axis Horizontal mirror reverses the order of sounding points in the cross section window Transformations available in Section context menu click the mouse right button on the cross section displays the list of apparent resistivity transformations to choose one to display in the cross section window No transformation No transformation P restores apparent resistivity pseudo cross section Accuracy Fitting error pseudo section displays the curve fitting error for all periods of all curves in the form of pseudo cross section V transformation Vertical derivative transformation displays the pseudo cross section of the apparent resistivity chargeability derivative by the period H transformation Horizontal derivative transformation displays the pseudo cross section of the apparent resistivity derivative chargeability by the sounding point coordinate on the profile The following items are available via Toolbar only Pez Resist inversion a implements the automated interpretation for the current sounding curve using current model parameters as the initial model the fitting error is minimized for apparent resistivity only this mode becomes the current one Phase inversion y implements the automated interpretation for the current sounding curve using current model parameters as the initial model the fitting error is minimized for phase only this mode becomes the current one Full inversion
32. t model menu item or press Shift Del keys or click the Cut y button on the toolbar To clear the models for all the points currently displayed in the cross section window choose the Edit Delete all models menu item Discarding the changes Any completed editing operation can be discarded by pressing the Alt Backspace keys choosing the Edit Undo menu item or clicking the UnDo button on the toolbar The editing operation is completed when the Enter key is pressed after typing a value in the cell of the table in the Moscow State University 12 Geoscan M Ltd IPI2 Win User Manual model window or the mouse button is released after dragging the pseudo log plot segment Pasting a model from the Clipboard and implementing the automated interpreting of any kind is also a completed editing operation Only the latest editing operation can be undone To discard all model changes for the point made since it was selected choose the Edit Restore menu item Automated curve interpreting The least quantity of layers approach for a single point and the whole profile The most formal way of automated interpreting is applying of the least quantity of layers approach To implement the automatic interpreting using this approach for a single sounding curve select the sounding point to interpret and choose the Point New model menu item or press the F7 key or click the Automatic minimization with number of layers selection button in the toolbar A model
33. tain file is stored in the file with the same name and DPR extension if the data file is copied or moved elsewhere dpr file must be placed to the same new location as well Deleting dpr file will result in loosing the topographical information concerning the corresponding data file Data correction The the amplitude and phase curves displayed in the curve window can be edited 1f needed To edit the displayed curves press the F4 key choose the Point Edit field curve menu item or click the Edit field an button on the toolbar The curves will be displayed in the Edit field curve window along with the table of abscissa period square root period or frequency apparent resistivity and phase values To change an apparent resistivity or phase value on a period drag the corresponding circle marking the data point to the appropriate position with a mouse It is also possible to select the corresponding cell in the table and type a new apparent resistivity value in it When editing the curve is finished use the horizontal scrollbar of the Edit field curve window to select another curve to edit Click the OK button of the Edit field curve window to accept all the changes for all the curves edited or the Cancel button of the Edit field curve window All the changes can be discarded by clicking the UnDo_ e button of the Edit field curve window It possible to copy the apparent resistivity values of the current curve to the Clipboard by clicking the C
34. ties of the corresponding owners IPI2Win is distributed by the Geoscan M Ltd Moscow Russia due to limited license IPI2Win Overview IPI2Win MT is designed for interpreting of magnetotelluric soundings data 1D interpreting along a single profile It is presumed that a user is an experienced interpreter willing to solve the geological problem posed as well as to fit the sounding curves Targeting at the geological result is the specific feature distinguishing IPI2Win MT among popular programs of automatic inversion The special attention is paid to the user friendly interactive interpreting Due to handy controls the interpreter is able to choose from a set of equivalent solutions the one best fitting both geophysical data 1 e providing the least fitting error and geological data 1 e geologically sensible resistivity cross section Comparing various concepts of the geological structure along the surveyed observation line rather than independent formal sounding curves inversion is the approach implemented in IPI2Win This approach provides the opportunity to use the a priory geological data and extract information to the greatest possible extent in the complicated geological situations Moscow State University 3 Geoscan M Ltd IPI2 Win User Manual Getting started Installing IPRWin MT IPI2 Win is distributed on a single CD The set also includes this manual and a protective plug To install IPIZ2Win MT on your computer insert floppy d
35. tion Lin log scale or press the Ctrl Shift Z key El The vertical axis can be labeled in terms of periods or effective depths To switch between these modes click the Section mode P toolbar button To specify certain horizontal scale value and maximal depth value choose the Section Options menu item click the Section options 7 l toolbar button or press the Ctrl F1 key the Section options window will appear To specify a certain horizontal scale switch on the Horiz scale checkbox of the window and type the desired scale value in the neighboring text box To specify a certain value of the maximal depth type the desired value in the text field of the Maximal depth field When the desired values are entered click the OK button of the window To restore automatic scaling switch off the Horiz scale checkbox and or switch on the Auto checkbox of the Maximal depth field on then click the OK button of the window To switch between scaled and non scaled way of displaying the cross sections without changing the scale switch on off the Scaled checkbox in the bottom of the main window of the program It is possible to specify the resolution for printing the cross section To do this set the desired resolution value in dots per inch in the DPI numeric box of the Section options window The cross section appearance on the screen will be changed as well Use Print preview See Managing results Printing cross sections sectio
36. transformation To display the vertical derivative transformation derivative by the period display the desired pseudo cross section choose the Transformation gt V Transformation context menu item or click the Vertical derivative transformation button in the toolbar The derivative can be calculated by the period or by period logarithm To switch between these modes choose the Transformation gt dR dLnR context menu item Vertical derivative is likely to highlight the characteristic points of sounding curves extrema as zero points and bendings as extrema Horizontal derivative transformation To display the horizontal derivative transformation display the desired pseudo cross section choose the H Transformation gt Transformation context menu item or click the Horizontal derivative transformation button in the toolbar The extrema of the horizontal derivative are likely to mark the places where one horizontally layered model is changed radically to the other Moscow State University 14 Geoscan M Ltd IPI2 Win User Manual Managing results Saving results The interpreting results are saved into a file with the same name as the data file currently opened and RES extension Saving results takes place when a data file is saved 1 e on implementing Save operation on exiting IPI2Win MT or before opening another data file No result file is created or saved if none of model parameter for any sounding point was altered No backup files are created for
37. ty accuracy is supposed to have been calculated as max min sqrt max min the phase accuracy as max min The results of interpretation are saved in the model file mod 1 st and 2 nd lines same as in mt file Further for each point point name number of layers NL NL lines with resistivity and thickness of the layer The last line contains only resistivity WARNING If a data file is copied or moved elsewhere the corresponding result file must be placed to the same new location as well Deleting a result file will result in loosing the interpreting results for the corresponding data file Specifying the data file To specify the data file the Open data file window is used Standard Windows navigation capabilities are used to select the disk and the folder containing the desired file as well as its name Besides that it is possible to pick up one of the recently opened files by choosing the File Reopen menu item and then by choosing the file name from the list or from the drop down list near the New profile button in the toolbar To specify the type of data files to display choose the corresponding item from the File type drop down box WARNING If in the local network it is possible to open a data file from another computer Before this be sure that both read and write access is provided for the network disk on another workstation Specifying topographical features Identifying the data After opening a data f
38. vity values to that corresponding to the smallest one by changing their ratio To specify color corresponding to the greatest smallest values click the Maximum Minimum button in the Color scale field of the Section options window then click the desired color of the Color window and click its OK button The color corresponding to the average resistivity value can also be specified To do so click the Middle button of the Section options window then click the desired color of the Color window and click its OK button To disable the middle color switch on the Auto middle color checkbox in the Color scale field It may be useful to make the cross sections more expressive to look at by emphasizing some levels and or layers with a special color To do so click the desired color box in the Color scale field of the Section options window then click the desired color of the Color window and click its OK button It is possible to display contour lines on the resistivity cross section To do this switch on the Show contours checkbox of the Color scale field in the Section options window Displaying contours slows down the drawing of the apparent resistivity pseudo cross section The layers boundaries in the resistivity cross section can be drawn in black lines by default or not To switch between these modes switch the Divide layers checkbox on off To restore the default mode of displaying the cross section click the Reset button in the Color scale fi
39. will be created with the least quantity of layers providing the best fitting of the field curve for the present sounding point and the theoretical one The least quantity of layers approach is regarded as a know how by the IPI2Win MT developers To implement the least quantity of layers approach for all the curves of the profile which are not interpreted yet choose the Point Profile new model menu item or press the Alt F3 key This approach is likely to introduce the extremely thin layers with extremely great or small resistivity values The properties of such layers can be edited afterwards manually within the equivalence area The least quantity of layers approach is to be used to create a rough initial model for the further manual interactive interpreting in case there 1s a lack of a priory data It is also possible to use this approach to estimate the limits of the equivalence area Implementing the least quantity of layers approach is controlled by the greatest and the least fitting error values specifying the limits of the fitting error for the model search To specify these values choose the Options menu item In the Options window click the New model tab then type the new value of the least fitting error value in the Minimal error text field the new value of the greatest fitting error value in the Maximal error text field the weight of phase data for fitting error minimizing in the Phase weight text field and or the least possib
40. ys the help on help window About displays the developers information and the program mode and data restrictions Menu contents and actions may slightly vary depending on the IPI2Win release and or data formats Moscow State University 6 Geoscan M Ltd IPI2 Win User Manual Data managing Understanding data managing To start the process of interpreting IPI2Win MT needs a data file of the certain format containing the information on the measurement system and apparent resistivity and phase values The data file format depends on the IPI2Win MT release for a certain customer Input and output files format Input and output files are in ASCII text standard They can be prepared with any text processor which can save as ASCII text The input data should be presented in file with extension mt 1 st line comment 2 nd line comment 3 rd line 1 1 do not change this line 4 th line number of points Further for each point point name lt 20 symbols elevation Y coordinate km and picket X coordinate km number of periods NT NT lines each containing square root of period apparent resistivity 1 if absent its accuracy optional impedance phase 1 if absent and phase accuracy optional Notes Both accuracy columns should be present at the same time and for all soundings If they are present the field data is displayed as error bars otherwise as continuous curves The apparent resistivi
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