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DAQScope™ 5102 User Manual

1. Chapter 1 Introduction VirtualBench LabVIEW C C LabWindows CVI Visual Basic Microsoft Win95 NT 3 1 Win95 NT 3 1 Win95 NT Win95 NT 3 1 Excel DAQ VI re i y Library cope Instrument Easy Driver API asy VO ComponentWorks Measure Win95 NT i ee i ia NI DAQ Driver Software PCI PXI Win95 NT PCMCIA ISA USB Win95 DAQScope 5102 Figure 1 1 The Relationship between the Programming Environment NI DAQ and Your Hardware National Instruments Application Software VirtualBench is a suite of VIs that allows you to use your DAQ products just as you use stand alone instruments but you benefit from the processing display and storage capabilities of PCs VirtualBench instruments load and save waveform data to disk in the same forms used in popular spreadsheet programs and word processors A report generation capability complements the raw data storage by adding timestamps measurements user name and comments The complete VirtualBench suite contains VirtualBench AODC VirtualBench Arb VirtualBench Board Calibrator VirtualBench DIO VirtualBench DMM VirtualBench DSA VirtualBench Function Generator VirtualBench Logger and VirtualBench Scope Your DAQScope 5102 can be used with VirtualBench Scope and VirtualBench DSA VirtualBench Scope and VirtualBench DSA are turn key applications you can use to make measurements a
2. DAQ DAQScope 5102 User Manual Digitizing Oscilloscope for the PC December 1997 Edition Part Number 321390B 01 Copyright 1997 National Instruments Corporation All rights reserved Internet Support E mail support natinst com FTP Site ftp natinst com Web Address http www natinst com Bulletin Board Support BBS United States 512 794 5422 BBS United Kingdom 01635 551422 BBS France 01 48 65 15 59 Fax on Demand Support 512 418 1111 Telephone Support USA Tel 512 795 8248 Fax 512 794 5678 International Offices Australia 03 9879 5166 Austria 0662 45 79 90 0 Belgium 02 757 00 20 Brazil 011 288 3336 Canada Ontario 905 785 0085 Canada Qu bec 514 694 8521 Denmark 45 76 26 00 Finland 09 725 725 11 France 01 48 14 24 24 Germany 089 741 31 30 Hong Kong 2645 3186 Israel 03 6120092 Italy 02 413091 Japan 03 5472 2970 Korea 02 596 7456 Mexico 5 520 2635 Netherlands 0348 433466 Norway 32 84 84 00 Singapore 2265886 Spain 91 640 0085 Sweden 08 730 49 70 Switzerland 056 200 51 51 Taiwan 02 377 1200 United Kingdom 01635 523545 National Instruments Corporate Headquarters 6504 Bridge Point Parkway Austin Texas 78730 5039 USA Tel 512 794 0100 Important Information Warranty Copyright Trademarks The DAQScope 5102 is warranted against defects in materials and workmanship for a period of one year from the date of shipment as evidenced by receipts or other documentation N
3. DAQScope 5102 User Manual How do I determine if I have a memory conflict If no PC Cards are working at all it is probably because a memory window is not usable Card Services uses a4 KB memory window for its own internal use If the memory cannot be used then Card Services cannot read the Card Information Structure CIS from the DAQCard EPROM which means it cannot identify cards There are two different methods you can use when Card Services has a problem reading the CIS First you can determine which memory window Card Services is using and exclude that window from use by Card Services and or the memory manager Second you can attempt to determine all of the memory that Card Services can possibly use and exclude all but that memory from use by Card Services How do I determine all of the memory that Card Services can use One way to find out which memory addresses Card Services can use is to run a utility such as MSD EXE that scans the system and tells you how the system memory is being used For example if you run such a memory utility and it tells you that physical addresses C0000 to COFFF are being used for ROM access then you know that C8000 D3FFF is an invalid range for Card Services and should be changed to CA000 D5FFF B 2 National Instruments Corporation Appendix B PC Card Questions and Answers for Windows 3 1 How can I find usable I O addresses Identify usable I O addresses by trial and e
4. 127 LSB a Gain 1 Input Range 5 V Number of LSBs 15 128 LSB 127 LSB 153 LSB b Gain 5 Input Range 1 V Number of LSBs 77 0 LSB Acquired Signal 128 LSB DAQScope 5102 User Manual 154 LSB c Gain 20 Input Range 250 mV Number of LSBs 307 2 Figure 3 5 Dynamic Range of an 8 Bit ADC with Three Different Gain Settings Source impedance Most digitizers and digital storage oscilloscopes DSOs have a 1 MQ input resistance in the passband with a 1X probe and a 10 MQ input resistance with a 10X probe If the source impedance is large the signal will be attenuated at the amplifier input and the measurement will be inaccurate If the source impedance is unknown but suspected to be high change the attenuation ratio on your probe and acquire data If the 10X measurement results in amplitude gain your measurement may be inaccurate To correct this try reducing the source impedance by buffering See Understanding the 3 6 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 3 Digitizer Basics Probe and Its Effects on Your Waveform later in this chapter for more information In addition to the input resistance all digitizers DSOs and probes present some input capacitance in parallel with the resistance This capacitance can interfere with your measurement in much the same way as the resistance does You can reduce this capacitance by using an attenuating probe 10X 100X or 1
5. National Instruments Corporation SCXI SE self calibrating settling time S H shared memory signal divider SIMM Slot0Sel SMB SNR software trigger software triggering source impedance Glossary Signal Conditioning eXtensions for Instrumentation the National Instruments product line for conditioning low level signals within an external chassis near sensors so only high level signals are sent to DAQ boards in the noisy PC environment single ended a term used to describe an analog input that is measured with respect to a common ground a property of a DAQ board that has an extremely stable onboard reference and calibrates its own A D and D A circuits without manual adjustments by the user the amount of time required for a voltage to reach its final value within specified limits sample and hold a circuit that acquires and stores an analog voltage on a capacitor for a short period of time See dual access memory performing frequency division on an external signal single in line memory module slot 0 select signal a type of miniature coaxial signal connector signal to noise ratio the ratio of the overall rms signal level to the rms noise level expressed in decibels a programmed event that triggers an event such as data acquisition a method of triggering in which you simulate an analog trigger using software Also called conditional retrieval a parameter of signal sources that reflects curren
6. MITE MOSI MS MSB MTBF mux NBS NI DAQ noise nonreferenced signal sources DAQScope 5102 User Manual million floating point operations per second the unit for expressing the computational power of a processor million instructions per second the unit for expressing the speed of processor machine code instructions Master In Slave Out signal MXI Interfaces to Everything a custom ASIC designed by National Instruments that implements the PCI bus interface The MITE supports bus mastering for high speed data transfers over the PCI bus Master Out Slave In signal million samples most significant bit mean time between failure multiplexer a switching device with multiple inputs that sequentially connects each of its inputs to its output typically at high speeds in order to measure several signals with a single analog input channel National Bureau of Standards National Instruments driver software for DAQ hardware an undesirable electrical signal Noise comes from external sources such as the AC power line motors generators transformers fluorescent lights soldering irons CRT displays computers electrical storms welders radio transmitters and internal sources such as semiconductors resistors and capacitors Noise corrupts signals you are trying to send or receive signal sources with voltage signals that are not connected to an absolute reference or system ground Also called floating signal sources
7. read only memory probe resistance referenced single ended mode all measurements are made with respect to a common reference measurement system or a ground Also called a grounded measurement system real time system integration bus the National Instruments timing bus that connects DAQ boards directly by means of connectors on top of the boards for precise synchronization of functions seconds samples the clock that counts the output of the channel clock in other words the number of samples taken On boards with simultaneous sampling this counter counts the output of the scan clock and hence the number of scans the rate at which a signal is sampled and digitized by an ADC one or more analog or digital input samples Typically the number of input samples in a scan is equal to the number of channels in the input group For example one pulse from the scan clock produces one scan which acquires one new sample from every analog input channel in the group the clock controlling the time interval between scans On boards with interval scanning support for example the AT MIO 16F 5 this clock gates the channel clock on and off On boards with simultaneous sampling for example the EISA A2000 this clock clocks the track and hold circuitry scan clock signal scan clock signal the number of scans per second For example a scan rate of 10 Hz means sampling each channel 10 times per second scan counter terminal count signal
8. signal sources with voltage signals that are not connected to an absolute reference or system ground Also called nonreferenced signal sources Some common example of floating signal sources are batteries transformers or thermocouples feet G 8 National Instruments Corporation G gain gain accuracy GND grounded measurement system H h half flash ADC half power bandwidth hardware hex IBM IC ID IEEE in input bias current National Instruments Corporation G 9 Glossary the factor by which a signal is amplified sometimes expressed in decibels a measure of deviation of the gain of an amplifier from the ideal gain ground signal See RSE hour an ADC that determines its output code by digitally combining the results of two sequentially performed lower resolution flash conversions the frequency range over which a circuit maintains a level of at least 3 dB with respect to the maximum level the physical components of a computer system such as the circuit boards plug in boards chassis enclosures peripherals cables and so on hexadecimal hertz the number of scans read or updates written per second International Business Machines integrated circuit identification Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers inches the current that flows into the inputs of a circuit DAQScope 5102 User Manual Glossary input impedance input offset current instrument driver
9. 3 8 input frequency 3 7 peak to peak value 3 5 to 3 6 source impedance 3 6 to 3 7 missing triggers 4 30 MITE Application Specific Integrated Circuit ASIC 4 9 to 4 10 Nyquist theorem 3 1 0 optional equipment 1 7 P passive probe 3 8 to 3 11 PC card questions and answers B 1 to B 4 configuration B 1 operation B 2 resource conflicts B 4 resources B 2 to B 3 DAQScope 5102 User Manual l 4 peak to peak value 3 5 to 3 6 PFI lines 4 25 to 4 27 DC characteristics over operating range table A 4 as inputs 4 25 as outputs 4 25 to 4 27 specifications A 4 PFI1 signal 4 5 PFI2 signal 4 5 physical specifications A 5 posttrigger acquisition 4 9 to 4 11 determining scan counts in master slave operation 4 29 possible number of samples per channel table 4 9 signal descriptions table 4 11 timing signals involved figure 4 14 power considerations DAQPad 5 102 2 6 to 2 7 power consumption specifications A 5 pretrigger acquisition 4 11 to 4 14 determining scan counts in master slave operation 4 29 possible number of samples per channel table 4 12 signal descriptions table 4 14 signals involved figure 4 10 probes 3 8 to 3 11 active and current probes 3 11 compensation 3 9 to 3 11 comparison of probe compensation figure 3 11 connecting probe to compensation cabling figure 3 10 procedure for 3 9 to 3 10 passive probe 3 8 to 3 11 trigger hold off and inability to calibrate
10. Some common example of nonreferenced signal sources are batteries transformers or thermocouples G 12 National Instruments Corporation NRSE Nyquist Sampling Theorem 0 onboard channels onboard RAM operating system P passband PC Card PCI PCMCIA peak to peak pF PFI National Instruments Corporation G 13 Glossary nonreferenced single ended mode all measurements are made with respect to a common NRSE measurement system reference but the voltage at this reference can vary with respect to the measurement system ground a law of sampling theory stating that if a continuous bandwidth limited signal contains no frequency components higher than half the frequency at which it is sampled then the original signal can be recovered without distortion channels provided by the plug in DAQ board optional RAM usually installed into SIMM slots base level software that controls a computer runs programs interacts with users and communicates with installed hardware or peripheral devices the range of frequencies that a device can properly propagate or measure a credit card sized expansion card that fits ina PCMCIA slot often referred to as a PCMCIA card Peripheral Component Interconnect a high performance expansion bus architecture originally developed by Intel to replace ISA and EISA It is achieving widespread acceptance as a standard for PCs and workstations it offers a theoretical maximum tran
11. c iceiesaeinnniie 1 GS s Minimum sample rate eeeeeeeeeeeee 1 kS s internal external Maximum input range eee 5000 V DC peak AC lt 5Mhz with a 1000X probe 500 V DC peak AC lt 15Mhz with a 100X probe 50 V DC peak AC lt 15Mhz with a 10X probe 5 V DC peak AC lt 15Mhz with a 1X probe National Instruments Corporation A 1 DAQScope 5102 User Manual Appendix A Specifications Input signal ranges CHO CH1 without probe attenuation 5 V at gain of 1 1 V at gain of 5 0 25 V at gain of 20 50 mV at gain of 100 Input coupling 0 eee eee cece ceeeeees AC or DC software selectable Overvoltage protection eee 42 V DC peak AC lt 10Khz without external attenuation CHO CH1 TRIG only Onboard FIFO memory depth 663 000 samples Max waveform buffer eee Up to 16 million samples on each channel on PCI 5102 and PXI 5102 with bus mastering depends on available host memory 663 000 samples on AT 5102 and DAQCard 5 102 Data transters isi escscsiesssce cs uispnenenscees Programmed I O supported on all boards direct to memory burst transfers with PCI bus mastering on PCI 5102 and PXI 5102 only Transfer Characteristics Relative acCUuracy e eee eee ceseeteeeeees 1 LSB typ 1 8 LSB max Differential nonlinearity 00 0 3 LSB typ 0 5 LSB max No missing codes 0 0 eee eee eee eeeeeeeeees 8 bits guaranteed Offset error After
12. note 4 19 PXI compatible products PXI 5102 J2 pin assignments table 1 3 using with CompactPCI 1 2 to 1 3 National Instruments Corporation Q questions about PC cards See PC card questions and answers R Random Interleaved Sampling RIS 4 20 to 4 22 definition 4 20 interpolation factor logical bins and physical bins figure 4 22 RIS GAIN 4 22 RIS OFFSET 4 22 time to digital converter TDC 4 21 to 4 22 waveform reconstruction figure 4 21 record length 3 4 requirements for getting started 1 3 to 1 4 retriggered acquisition programming flowchart 4 30 RIS See Random Interleaved Sampling RIS RTSIbus trigger and clock lines 4 23 to 4 25 hardware overview 4 23 to 4 25 specifications A 4 trigger lines figure 4 24 S sample rate 3 2 to 3 3 Scan Clock delay figure 4 8 Scan Clock signal ADC pipeline delay 4 8 description posttrigger acquisition table 4 11 pretrigger acquisition table 4 14 free running clock required if externally supplied note 4 12 PFI lines as input 4 25 PFI lines as output 4 25 posttrigger acquisition figure 4 10 pretrigger acquisition figure 4 13 National Instruments Corporation l 5 Index trigger sources figure 4 15 Scan Counter Terminal Count signal description table 4 14 pretrigger acquisition figure 4 13 serial communications port AUX 4 6 SET_DAQ_Device_Info function note 2 6 settling rates AC DC coupling table 4 8
13. 2645 3186 03 6120092 02 413091 03 5472 2970 02 596 7456 5 520 2635 0348 433466 32 84 84 00 2265886 91 640 0085 08 730 49 70 056 200 51 51 02 377 1200 01635 523545 512 795 8248 C 2 Fax 03 9879 6277 0662 45 79 90 19 02 757 03 11 011 288 8528 905 785 0086 514 694 4399 45 76 26 02 09 725 725 55 01 48 14 24 14 089 714 60 35 2686 8505 03 6120095 02 41309215 03 5472 2977 02 596 7455 5 520 3282 0348 430673 32 84 86 00 2265887 91 640 0533 08 730 43 70 056 200 51 55 02 737 4644 01635 523154 512 794 5678 National Instruments Corporation Technical Support Form Photocopy this form and update it each time you make changes to your software or hardware and use the completed copy of this form as a reference for your current configuration Completing this form accurately before contacting National Instruments for technical support helps our applications engineers answer your questions more efficiently If you are using any National Instruments hardware or software products related to this problem include the configuration forms from their user manuals Include additional pages if necessary Name Company Address Fax Phone Computer brand Model Processor Operating system include version number Clock speed MHz RAM MB Display adapter Mouse ___ yes __no Other adapters installed Hard disk capacity MB Brand Instruments used National
14. 4 5 DAQPad 5102 1 0 Connectors e PXI 5102 The PXI 5102 has two standard BNC female connectors for CHO and CH1 analog input connections one standard BNC female connector for the TRIG channel one standard SMB female connector for a multipurpose digital timing and triggering signal PFI1 and a 9 pin mini DIN connector AUX for serial communication or PFI2 The PXI 5102 gives you direct BNC connectivity on the bracket as shown in Figure 4 6 DAQScope 5102 User Manual 4 4 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 4 Hardware Overview 7O INSTRUMENTS 2 a O gt E x Oo D4 I0 DAQScope 5102 fe4 Figure 4 6 PXI 5102 1 0 Connectors Signal Connections Table 4 1 1 0 Connector Signal Descriptions Signal Description CHO CH1 Digitizes data and triggers acquisitions TRIG Used for external analog triggering PFI1 PFI2 Software configurable digital triggers external scan clock or digital outputs AUX Serial communication or PFI2 with optional PXI 5102 only cable You can use CHO and CH1 to digitize data as well as to trigger an acquisition Use the TRIG channel for an external analog trigger only data on the TRIG channel cannot be digitized PFI and PFI2 are digital signals that you can use for timing critical applications When used as inputs PFI lines can trigger an acquisition and or allow an external s
15. Documentation Comment Form National Instruments encourages you to comment on the documentation supplied with our products This information helps us provide quality products to meet your needs Title DAQScope 5102 User Manual Edition Date December 1997 Part Number 321390B 01 Please comment on the completeness clarity and organization of the manual If you find errors in the manual please record the page numbers and describe the errors Thank you for your help Name Title Company Address E Mail Address Phone Fax Mail to Technical Publications Fax to Technical Publications National Instruments Corporation National Instruments Corporation 6504 Bridge Point Parkway 512 794 5678 Austin Texas 78730 5039 Glossary Prefix Meaning Value p pico 10 2 n nano 10 u micro 10 m milli 10 k kilo 103 M mega 10 G giga 10 Numbers Symbols s degree It 5V negative of or minus ohm per percent positive of or plus plus or minus 5 Volts signal amperes National Instruments Corporation G 1 DAQScope 5102 User Manual Glossary AC AC coupled A D ADC ADC resolution alias amplification amplitude flatness analog bandwidth Analog Trigger Circuit Output ANSI ASIC attenuate attenuation ratio DAQScope 5102 User Manual
16. Instruments hardware product model Revision Configuration National Instruments software product Version Configuration The problem is List any error messages The following steps reproduce the problem DAQScope 5102 Hardware and Software Configuration Form Record the settings and revisions of your hardware and software on the line to the right of each item Complete a new copy of this form each time you revise your software or hardware configuration and use this form as a reference for your current configuration Completing this form accurately before contacting National Instruments for technical support helps our applications engineers answer your questions more efficiently National Instruments Products DAQ hardware Serial number Interrupt level of hardware DMA channels of hardware Base I O address of hardware Programming choice Software and version Other boards in system Base I O address of other boards DMA channels of other boards Interrupt level of other boards Other Products Computer make and model Microprocessor Clock frequency or speed Type of video board installed Operating system version Operating system mode Programming language Programming language version Other boards in system Base I O address of other boards DMA channels of other boards Interrupt level of other boards
17. National Instruments Corporation Analog Input Chapter 4 Hardware Overview The two analog input channels are referenced to common ground in bipolar mode These settings are fixed therefore neither the reference nor the polarity of input channels can be changed You cannot use CHO or CH1 to make differential measurements or measure floating signals unless you subtract the digital waveforms in software For accurate measurements make sure the signal being measured is referenced to the same ground as your DAQScope 5102 by attaching the probe s ground clip to the signal ground Table 4 2 shows the input ranges available on CHO and CH1 Table 4 2 CHO and CH1 Input Ranges Input range Gain 1X Probe 10X Probe 100X Probe 1000X Probe 1 5 V 50 V 500 V 5000 V default setting 5 1 V 10 V 100 V 1000 V 20 0 25 V 2 5 V 25 V 250 V 100 50 mV 0 5 V 5 V 50 V i Note The 10X 100X and 1000X designations mean divide by not amplify For National Instruments Corporation 4 7 example with a 100X probe and a gain of 1 if you measure a 400 V signal the DAQScope 5102 will receive 4 V 400 V 100 4 V at its input connector The TRIG channel has a fixed input range of 5 V All DAQScope 5102 devices power up with a default gain of 1 thereby allowing the largest input range available TRIG channel range values are the same as the gain of 1 values in Table 4 2 The CHO CH1 and TRIG c
18. Remove your memory manager by commenting it out of the CONFIG SYS file Next you can rerun the memory utility Memory managers often consume an enormous amount of memory and you will need to determine what memory is really usable by Card Services When you have determined what memory is available for Card Services reinstall your memory manager and make the necessary changes to provide Card Services with the memory needed We suggest that you use the minimum amount of memory for Card Services 4 to 12 KB which frees more memory for the memory manager National Instruments Corporation B 3 DAQScope 5102 User Manual Appendix B PC Card Questions and Answers for Windows 3 1 Resource Conflicts How do I resolve conflicts between my memory manager and Card Services Card Services can usually use memory space that is not being used for real RAM on the system Even when this is the case you should still exclude the memory addresses used by Card Services from use by any memory manager that may be installed DAQScope 5102 User Manual B 4 National Instruments Corporation Appendix Customer Communication For your convenience this appendix contains forms to help you gather the information necessary to help us solve your technical problems and a form you can use to comment on the product documentation When you contact us we need the information on the Technical Support Form and the configuration form if your manual contain
19. alternating current allowing the transmission of AC signals while blocking DC signals analog to digital analog to digital converter an electronic device often an integrated circuit that converts an analog voltage to a digital number the resolution of the ADC which is measured in bits An ADC with 16 bits has a higher resolution and thus a higher degree of accuracy than a 12 bit ADC a false lower frequency component that appears in sampled data acquired at too low a sampling rate a type of signal conditioning that improves accuracy in the resulting digitized signal and reduces noise a measure of how close to constant the gain of a circuit remains over a range of frequencies the frequency at which the measured amplitude is 3 dB below the actual amplitude of the signal This amplitude loss occurs at very low frequencies if the signal is AC coupled and at very high frequencies regardless of coupling digital output of the analog trigger circuit American National Standards Institute Application Specific Integrated Circuit a proprietary semiconductor component designed and manufactured to perform a set of specific functions for a specific customer to decrease the amplitude of a signal the factor by which a signal s amplitude is decreased bit one binary digit either 0 or 1 G 2 National Instruments Corporation bandwidth bipolar BNC buffer burst mode bus bus master cache CalDAC calibratio
20. bus master DMA logic that can operate only in such a slot If you choose a slot that does not support bus masters you will have to disable the onboard DMA controller using your software PXI compliant chassis must have bus arbitration for all slots Remove the filler panel for the peripheral slot you have chosen Touch a metal part on your chassis to discharge any static electricity that might be on your clothes or body 2 2 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 2 Installation and Configuration 5 Insert the PXI 5102 in the selected 5 V slot Use the injector ejector handle to fully inject the device into place 6 Screw the front panel of the PXI 5102 to the front panel mounting rails of the PXI or CompactPCI chassis 7 Visually verify the installation 8 Plug in and turn on the PXI or CompactPCI chassis The PXI 5102 is now installed DAQCard 5102 You can install the DAQCard 5102 in any available Type II PCMCIA slot in your computer For Windows 3 x you must have Card and Socket Services 2 1 or later installed in your computer If you have Windows 95 your operating system automatically configures the card for your computer and assigns the base address Before installing your DAQCard 5 102 please consult your PC user manual or technical reference manual for specific instructions and warnings Use the following general instructions to install your DAQCard 5102 1 Turn off your computer If your computer supports h
21. calibration 1 5 LSB max Gain error After calibration 1 max DC accuracy kpop sipe 2 5 of Full scale at all gains DAQScope 5102 User Manual A 2 National Instruments Corporation Dynamic Characteristics Bandwidth S Large signal 2 THD mall signal 3 dB AC coupling low frequency cut Off ee eeeeeeeeeeeees Settling for full scale step Appendix A Specifications 15 MHz typ 10 MHz typ 11 Hz 1 1 Hz with 10X probe to 1 full scale range 0 0 50 ns typ SYSTEM NOISE pisiri reei 0 5 LSB rms typ Crosstalk cc cn ce este cs n s 60 dB S H Characteristics Interchannel skew sssr 1 ns Aperture jitter ee eee eeceeeeceeeeeneeeneeeeee 1 ns rms Stability Recommended warmup time 15 minutes Offset temperature coefficient 1 mV C gain 30 uV C Gain temperature coefficient 50 ppm C Timebase accuracy seseeeeeeeeeeeereeee 100 ppm over operating temperature range Triggers Analog Trigger SOUE nnan eae e CHO CH1 TRIG Level ait visite hoe dvees 256 levels between Full scale National Instruments Corporation A 3 for CHO and CH1 5 V for TRIG software selectable DAQScope 5102 User Manual Appendix A Specifications SLOPE nereti e oreore eieaeoeaii a dk ides Positive or negative Software selectable Resolution nenoriet srs 8 bits 1 in 256 Hysteresis eeru a A Software programmable up to full scale B
22. comparison a 12 bit ADC with 4 096 discrete levels can resolve voltage differences as small as 2 4 mV Record length refers to the amount of memory dedicated to storing digitized samples for postprocessing or display In a digitizer record length limits the maximum duration of a single shot acquisition For example with a 1 000 sample buffer and a sample rate of 20 MHz the duration of acquisition is 50 us the number of points multiplied by the acquisition time point or 1 000 x 50 ns With a 100 000 sample buffer and a sample rate of 20 MHz the duration of acquisition is 5 ms 100 000 x 50 ns The DAQScope 5102 has a buffer size of 663 000 samples When performing a single channel acquisition you can use the entire available memory to capture data for a duration of 33 1 ms at 20 MS s The PCI 5102 and PXI 5102 can transfer data to host memory while acquiring data thus expanding their single shot record length to 16 million samples on each channel 3 4 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 3 Digitizer Basics Triggering Options One of the biggest challenges of making a measurement is to successfully trigger the signal acquisition at the point of interest Since most high speed digitizers actually record the signal for a fraction of the total time they can easily miss a signal anomaly if the trigger point is set incorrectly The DAQScope 5102 is equipped with sophisticated triggering options such as trigger thresholds prog
23. current a method of propagating signals along a bus in which the devices are prioritized on the basis of their position on the bus data acquisition 1 collecting and measuring electrical signals from sensors transducers and test probes or fixtures and inputting them to a computer for processing 2 collecting and measuring the same kinds of electrical signals with A D and or DIO boards plugged into a computer and possibly generating control signals with D A and or DIO boards in the same computer decibel the unit for expressing a logarithmic measure of the ratio of two signal levels dB 20log10 V1 V2 for signals in volts direct current DAQScope 5102 User Manual Glossary DC coupled default setting device DIFF differential input differential measurement system digital port digital trigger DIN DIO DIP dithering DMA DAQScope 5102 User Manual allowing the transmission of both AC and DC signals a default parameter value recorded in the driver In many cases the default input of a control is a certain value often 0 that means use the current default setting For example the default input for a parameter may be do not change current setting and the default setting may be no AMUX 64T boards If you do change the value of such a parameter the new value becomes the new setting You can set default settings for some parameters in the configuration utility or manually using switches located on the devic
24. passive active and current probes The passive probe is the most widely used general purpose oscilloscope probe Passive probes are specified by bandwidth or rise time attenuation ratio compensation range and mechanical design aspects Probes with attenuation 10X 100X or 1000X have a tunable capacitor that can reduce capacitive effects at the input The ability to cancel or minimize effective capacitance improves the probe s bandwidth and rise time Figure 3 7 shows a typical 10X probe model You should adjust the tunable capacitor Cp to obtain a flat frequency response C is the probe capacitance R is the probe resistance Cip is the input capacitance R is the input resistance 3 8 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 3 Digitizer Basics i Adjustment 10X Probe Digitizer Input R One tenth of Signal 9 Mo Ta Vpk to pk at Input r O pa gt TA F xpF Cp 20 pF 31 MQ a Probe Compensation gt Cin Rin C Lumped Cable Capacitance Figure 3 7 Typical 10X Probe Analytically obtaining a flat frequency response means Rin Rin Rp CM Cy Cin Co It can be shown that Rin Cin C CR or the time constant of the probe equals the time constant of the digitizer input How to Compensate Your Probe Adjusting the tunable probe capacitor to get a flat frequency response is called probe compensation On the DAQScope 5102 you can select a 0 5
25. the NI DAQ Configuration Utility for Windows 3 1 users What should I do if my computer does not have Card and Socket Services version 2 0 or later Contact the manufacturer of your computer or of your PCMCIA adapter and request the latest Card and Socket Services PCMCIA driver Our NI DAQ software will work with any Card and Socket Service driver that is compliant to version 2 0 or higher National Instruments Corporation B 1 DAQScope 5102 User Manual Appendix B PC Card Questions and Answers for Windows 3 1 Operation Resources My PC Card works when inserted before power on time but it does not work when hot inserted What is wrong You may have an interrupt conflict If you have a utility such as MSD EXE run it to determine the allocated interrupts then refer to the Resources section MSD EXE is usually shipped with Microsoft Windows My computer locks up when I use a PC Card What should I do This usually happens because Card Services allocated an unusable interrupt level to the PC Card For example on some computers interrupt level 11 is not routed to PC Cards If Card Services is not aware of this it may assign interrupt 11 to a PC Card even though the interrupt is not usable When a call uses the interrupt the interrupt never occurs and the computer locks up waiting for a response For information about how to locate an interrupt that is free to be used refer to the Resources section
26. 000X or an active probe See Appendix A Specifications or your probe specifications for accurate input capacitance numbers Input frequency If your sample rate is less than twice the highest frequency component at the input the frequency components above half your sample rate will alias in the passband at lower frequencies indistinguishable from other frequencies in the passband If the signal s highest frequency is unknown you should start with the digitizer s maximum sample rate to prevent aliasing and reduce the digitizer s sample rate until the display shows either enough cycles of the waveform or the information you need General signal shape Some signals are easy to capture by ordinary triggering methods A few iterations on the trigger level finally render a steady display This method works for sinusoidal triangular square and saw tooth waves Some of the more elusive waveforms such as irregular pulse trains runt pulses and transients may be more difficult to capture Figure 3 6 shows an example of a difficult pulse train trigger SV Trigger Level Hold off 1 and 3 Trigger Accepted 2 and 4 Trigger Ignored National Instruments Corporation Figure 3 6 Difficult Pulse Train Signal 3 7 DAQScope 5102 User Manual Chapter 3 Digitizer Basics Ideally the trigger event should occur at condition one but sometimes the instrument may trigger on condit
27. 19 Figure 4 17 Waveform Reconstruction with RIS oo ees cee cseceseeseceseeseeeeseneeaes 4 21 Figure 4 18 Relationship between Interpolation Factor Logical Bins and Phy siCal Buns 025245 305s ct decsessactsvee dence sedvvssczasssvashiossduovevavs carbesvusiiuaess cesses 4 22 Figure 4 19 RTSI Bus Trigger Lines 20 0 eee ee eeececeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseecaecnaecnecnseeeeneees 4 24 Figure 4 20 Retriggered Acquisition Programming Flowchart uu eee eeeeeeeee 4 30 National Instruments Corporation vij DAQScope 5102 User Manual Contents Tables Table 1 1 Table 2 1 Table 4 1 Table 4 2 Table 4 3 Table 4 4 Table 4 5 Table 4 6 Table 4 7 Table 4 8 DAQScope 5102 User Manual PXI 5102 J2 Pin ASSIBNM ENE senie eiior E EE 1 3 DAQPad 5 102 LED Patterns 0 eccccccessecesssceceseeceseececesaeeecnsaeesseeeeees 2 5 T O Connector Signal Descriptions 0 eee eee cee ceseeseceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeenes 4 5 CHO and CH1 Input Ranges oo eee cee ese ceeeneceeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeeneeees 4 7 AC DC Coupling Change Settling Rates eee eee eeeeseeeneeneeeeenees 4 8 Possible Number of Samples for Posttriggered Scans eee eee 4 9 Posttrigger Acquisition Signals eee ceceseeeeseeeeeeseeceesseeseceenseees 4 11 Possible Number of Samples for Pretriggered Mode eee eee 4 12 Pretrigger Acquisition Signals tee cececesseeeseeeeeeeeeecaeeaeeseceenseees 4 14 Master Slave Programming esse eseeseceeceeceeeeeeeeseessesaec
28. 5102 Refer to the appropriate release notes indicated below for specific instructions on the software installation sequence If you are using VirtualBench LabVIEW LabWindows CVI or ComponentWorks refer to the release notes for your software After you have installed your software refer to the NI DAQ release notes and follow the instructions given there for your operating system and your software To install NI DAQ refer to your NI DAQ release notes Find the installation section for your operating system and follow the instructions given there Hardware Installation CF Note You should install your driver software before installing your hardware Refer to the DAQScope 5102 Read Me First document for software installation information If you have an older version of NI DAQ already in your system that software may not work with your device Install NI DAQ from the CD shipped with your DAQScope 5102 PCI 5102 and AT 5102 You can install the PCI 5102 in any PCI slot and the AT 5102 in any ISA slot in your computer However for best noise performance leave as much room as possible between the DAQScope 5102 and other hardware Before installing your 5102 device consult your PC user manual or technical reference manual for specific instructions and warnings Follow these general instructions to install your DAQScope 5102 National Instruments Corporation 2 1 DAQScope 5102 User Manual Chapter 2 Installation and Config
29. 8 acquisition modes 4 9 to 4 14 posttrigger acquisition 4 9 to 4 11 posttrigger acquisition signals table 4 11 pretrigger acquisition 4 11 to 4 14 pretrigger acquisition signals table 4 14 ADC pipeline delay 4 8 to 4 9 analog trigger circuit 4 16 to 4 18 specifications dynamic characteristics A 3 input characteristics A 1 to A 2 transfer characteristics A 2 switching coupling from DC to AC warning 4 8 National Instruments Corporation Index trigger hold off 4 18 to 4 19 trigger sources 4 15 analog trigger circuit 4 16 to 4 18 above high level analog triggering mode figure 4 16 below low level analog triggering mode figure 4 16 high hysteresis analog triggering mode figure 4 17 inside region analog triggering mode figure 4 17 low hysteresis analog triggering mode figure 4 18 specifications A 3 to A 4 Analog Trigger Circuit Output signal PFI lines as output 4 26 Application Specific Integrated Circuit ASIC 4 10 asynchronous pulse train and trigger hold off note 4 19 AUX signal description table 4 5 PXI 5102 4 5 bandwidth analog 3 2 below low level analog triggering mode figure 4 16 block diagrams DAQCard 5 102 and DAQPad 5 102 4 2 PCI 5102 PXI 5102 and AT 5102 4 1 bulletin board support C 1 DAQScope 5102 User Manual Index C calibration 4 23 CHO signal analog input 4 7 description 4 5 input ranges table 4 7 software programmable
30. EEPROM that may contain device specific initialization and system boot functionality a voltage pulse from an external source that triggers an event such as A D conversion triggering that occurs at an unintended time field effect transistor a data transfer in which the data bytes are transferred from the source to the controller and then from the controller to the target first in first out memory buffer the first data stored is the first data sent to the acceptor FIFOs are often used on DAQ devices to temporarily store incoming or outgoing data until that data can be retrieved or output For example an analog input FIFO stores the results of A D conversions until the data can be retrieved into system memory a process that requires the servicing of interrupts and often the programming of the DMA controller This process can take several milliseconds in some cases During this time data accumulates in the FIFO for future retrieval With a larger FIFO longer latencies can be tolerated In the case of analog output a FIFO permits faster update rates because the waveform data can be stored on the FIFO ahead of time This again reduces the effect of latencies associated with getting the data from system memory to the DAQ device a type of signal conditioning that allows you to filter unwanted signals from the signal you are trying to measure an ADC whose output code is determined in a single step by a bank of comparators and encoding logic
31. EICHIONS s 3 5 E EEEE E 4 27 Connecting De vices ic ienero nenen EKE o ES Er EES EEE EEE iE Eae TEE 4 27 Determining Pretriggered and Posttriggered Scan Counts 0 0 0 0 ee eee eens 4 29 Other Considerations senie eote eeror Eeo s eE tutes EEEE Ei EE AEREOS 4 30 Appendix A Specifications Appendix B PC Card Questions and Answers for Windows 3 1 Appendix C Customer Communication DAQScope 5102 User Manual vi National Instruments Corporation Contents Glossary Index Figures Figure 1 1 The Relationship between the Programming Environment NI DAQ and Your Hardware ccceccccssseecssceceesseeceeseeesseeeceseeeeneaeens 1 5 Figure 2 1 DAQPad Upstream and Downstream Connectors 0 eee eee eeeeeeeee 2 5 Figure 3 1 Sine Wave Demonstrating the Nyquist Frequency cece eeeeeeeeeees 3 1 Figure 3 2 Analog Bandwidthe e eee ceceseceeceeceseeeeecnecneceseeseeeeeeeeeaeesaecaeeneees 3 2 Figure 3 3 1 MHz Sine Wave Sample o 0 cece iiinis essei 3 3 Figure 3 4 Transfer Function of a 3 Bit ADC oo eee cecsseesecneeeseeeeeeeeeneeees 3 4 Figure 3 5 Dynamic Range of an 8 Bit ADC with Three Different Gain Settings 3 6 Figure 3 6 Difficult Pulse Train Signal eee eeseceeceeeeeeeeeeeseeeeecaecaeeaeeneees 3 7 Figure 3 7 Typical LOX Probe miiirn soe esae oi 3 9 Figure 3 8 Connecting the Probe Compensation Cabling eee ee eeeeseeeeeeeeeees 3 10 Figure 3 9 Probe Compensation Comparison cceecscessecseese
32. FI lines Use the RTSI bus for synchronizing two or more PCI 5102 PXI 5102 and AT 5102 devices For the DAQCard 5102 and DAQPad 5102 you must use the PFI lines Restrictions To ensure proper master slave operation on your 5102 device you must observe the following restrictions e You must use all channels for acquisition For example if you want to use three channels at a time you cannot use two channels on the master and one channel on the slave you must use four channels for data acquisition and discard data on the fourth channel e The desired pretrigger number of scans and total number of scans must be a multiple of four This is a hardware limitation e There is a maximum of one sample clock timing jitter between master and slave cards Connecting Devices PCI 5102 PXI 5102 and AT 5102 You can synchronize PCI 5102 PXI 5102 and AT 5102 devices over the RTSI bus You can configure a system where a PCI 5102 or AT 5102 can be the master device controlling a mix of PCI 5102 and AT 5102 slave devices The PXI 5102 can control only other PXI 5102 devices The PXI 5102 has the RTSI connectivity on the bus connector the optional RTSI bus cable is not needed However you need a RTSI bus cable to synchronize two or more PCI 5102 or AT 5102 devices over the RTSI bus as follows 1 If you are using multiple PXI 5102 devices skip this step If you are using the PCI 5102 or the AT 5 102 connect the master device with the slav
33. Index High voltage signal PFI lines as output 4 26 high hysteresis analog triggering mode figure 4 17 impedance source 3 6 to 3 7 input coupling 3 8 input frequency 3 7 inside region analog triggering mode figure 4 17 installation 2 1 to 2 5 AT 5102 2 1 to 2 2 DAQCard 5102 2 3 DAQPad 5102 2 3 to 2 5 LED patterns table 2 5 upstream and downstream connectors figure 2 5 hardware configuration 2 5 to 2 6 PCI 5102 2 1 to 2 2 power considerations 2 6 to 2 7 PXI 5102 2 2 to 2 3 software installation 2 1 installing before hardware note 2 1 unpacking the DAQScope 5102 1 8 I O connectors 4 2 to 4 5 DAQCard 5102 figure 4 3 DAQPad 5102 figure 4 4 PCI 5102 AT 5102 DAQCard 5102 DAQPad 5102 4 2 to 4 3 PCI 5102 and AT 5102 connectors figure 4 3 PXI 5102 4 4 to 4 5 signal connections 4 5 to 4 6 L LabVIEW application software 1 6 LabWindows CVI application software 1 6 low frequency corner 4 7 to 4 8 Low voltage signal PFI lines as output 4 26 DAQScope 5102 User Manual Index low hysteresis analog triggering mode figure 4 18 low power mode DAQPad 5102 2 6 master slave operation connecting devices 4 27 to 4 28 DAQCard 5 102 and DAQPad 5102 4 28 determining pretriggered and posttriggered scan counts 4 29 PCI 5102 PXI 5102 and AT 5102 4 27 to 4 28 restrictions 4 27 Measure software 1 6 measurement accuracy 3 5 to 3 8 general signal shape 3 7 to 3 8 input coupling
34. V 1 kHz pulse train as reference to output on PFI or PFI2 Refer to Figure 3 8 as you follow these instructions to compensate your probe 1 Connect the BNC end of the probe to an input channel either CHO or CH1 2 Attach the BNC adapter probe accessory to the tip of the probe 3 Connect the SMB100 probe compensation cable to one of the PFI lines PFI1 on the PXI 5102 4 Attach the probe with the BNC adapter to the BNC female end of the SMB100 cable 5 Enable the probe compensation signal on the PFI line you selected in step 3 See your application software documentation for more information how to perform this step National Instruments Corporation 3 9 DAQScope 5102 User Manual Chapter 3 Digitizer Basics 6 Digitize data on the input channel amplifying the signal until the signal starts to clip Then go back one step so it does not clip anymore This step ensures that you use the main dynamic range of the ADC 7 Adjust the tunable capacitor to make the waveform look as square as possible 8 For the most accurate measurements compensate probes for each channel CHO and CH1 and use them on that channel only Recompensate when using the same probe on a different channel n BNC Probe PS ff SMB 100 BNC Adapter PCI 5102 AT 5102 O Conne
35. andwidth iscssessiseetertnenvenes 15 MHz Trigger hold off oe eeeeeees 800 ns to 6 71 seconds Digital Triggers PFI1 and PFI2 Compatibility 0 eee eseeeseseeeeeeeeee TTL CMOS RESPONSE rani a aae a Ea AE eeni Rising or falling edge software selectable Pulse width neisa ienna 10 ns min DC characteristics over operating range Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Max Vin Input HIGH voltage 2 0 V Vect 0 5 V Vin Input LOW voltage 0 5 0 8 V Vou Output HIGH voltage Io 4 mA 3 7 V Ion 16 mA 24V Ioy 10uA VCC 0 1 V VoL Output LOW voltage Ip 16 mA 0 45 V Ip 10 pA 01V Cin Input capacitance nominal 2 10 pF Ios Output short circuit Vo GND 15 mA 120 mA current Vo Vee 40 mA 210 mA only one output at a time duration should not exceed 30 s RTSI PCI 5102 PXI 5102 AT 5102 Only Trigger Diesen is 7 VO 6 I O on the PXI 5102 Clock INES 22 eieiaeo 1 DAQScope 5102 User Manual A 4 National Instruments Corporation Power Consumption PCI 5102 5 V DCMS isnt ae PXI 5102 5 V DC E59 AT 5102 5 V DOES 0s uenen DAQCard 5102 5 V DC E59 ata DAQPad 5102 USB power supply uw eee External power supply eeeee Physical PCMCIA card type eee eee cree Dimensions PCL5 1025 8 22 Re n PXI S102 2 ihain siasme ATS 102 E E E E DAQPad 5102 isrssisiohetirssrtess Environment Operating temperature ee Storage tempera
36. ant to help if you have problems with them To make it easy for you to contact us this manual contains comment and configuration forms for you to complete These forms are in Appendix C Customer Communication DAQScope 5102 User Manual xii National Instruments Corporation Chapter Introduction This chapter describes the DAQScope 5102 lists the optional software and optional equipment and explains how to unpack your DAQScope 5102 About Your DAQScope 5102 Thank you for your purchase of a National Instruments DAQScope 5102 device The DAQScope 5102 family consists of five different devices for your choice of bus the PCI version for the PCI bus the PXI version for the PXI bus the AT version for the ISA bus the DAQCard version for PCMCIA slots and the DAQPad version for the universal serial bus USB Your 5102 device has the following features e Two 8 bit resolution analog input channels e Real time sampling rate of 20 MS s to 1 kS s 1 GS s random interleaved sampling RIS e 15 MHz analog input bandwidth e Analog trigger channel with software selectable level slope and hysteresis e Two digital triggers e Software selectable AC DC coupling e 663 000 sample onboard memory e Real Time System Integration RTSI triggers PCI 5102 PXI 5102 AT 5102 only All 5102 devices follow industry standard Plug and Play specifications on all platforms and offer seamless integration with compliant systems If you
37. arge can damage several components on the device To avoid such damage in handling the device take the following precautions e Ground yourself via a grounding strap or by holding a grounded object e Touch the antistatic package to a metal part of your computer chassis before removing the device from the package e Remove the device from the package and inspect the device for loose components or any other sign of damage Notify National Instruments if the device appears damaged in any way Do not install a damaged device into your computer e Never touch the exposed pins of the connectors DAQCard 5102 Your PC card is shipped in an antistatic vinyl case when you are not using the card you should store it in this case Because the card is enclosed in a fully shielded case no additional electrostatic precautions are necessary However for your own safety and to protect the card never attempt to touch the pins of the connectors DAQPad 5102 Your DAQPad 5102 is shipped in a fully shielded case and no electrostatic precautions are necessary However for your own safety and to protect your DAQPad device never attempt to touch the connector pins DAQScope 5102 User Manual 1 8 National Instruments Corporation Installation and Configuration Chapter This chapter describes how to install and configure your DAQScope 5102 Software Installation You should install your software before you install your DAQScope
38. ation about the DAQ hardware that plugs into or is connected to your computer Use these manuals for hardware installation and configuration instructions specification information about your DAQ hardware and application hints Software documentation You may have both application software and NI DAQ software documentation National Instruments application software includes LabVIEW LabWindows CVI ComponentWorks Measure and VirtualBench After you set up your hardware system use the application software documentation to help you write your application If you have a large and complicated system it is worthwhile to look through the software documentation before you configure your system Accessory manuals If you are using accessory products read the terminal block and cable assembly installation guides They explain how to physically connect the relevant pieces of the system Consult these guides when you are making your connections Related Documentation The following documents contain information that you may find helpful National Instruments Corporation National Instruments PXI Specification rev 1 0 PICMG CompactPCI 2 0 R2 1 Your computer user manual or technical reference manual xi DAQScope 5102 User Manual About This Manual Customer Communication National Instruments wants to receive your comments on our products and manuals We are interested in the applications you develop with our products and we w
39. ational Instruments be liable for any damages arising out of or related to this document or the information contained in it EXCEPT AS SPECIFIED HEREIN NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS MAKES NO WARRANTIES EXPRESS OR IMPLIED AND SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE CUSTOMER S RIGHT TO RECOVER DAMAGES CAUSED BY FAULT OR NEGLIGENCE ON THE PART OF NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS SHALL BE LIMITED TO THE AMOUNT THERETOFORE PAID BY THE CUSTOMER NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS WILL NOT BE LIABLE FOR DAMAGES RESULTING FROM LOSS OF DATA PROFITS USE OF PRODUCTS OR INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY THEREOF This limitation of the liability of National Instruments will apply regardless of the form of action whether in contract or tort including negligence Any action against National Instruments must be brought within one year after the cause of action accrues National Instruments shall not be liable for any delay in performance due to causes beyond its reasonable control The warranty provided herein does not cover damages defects malfunctions or service failures caused by owner s failure to follow the National Instruments installation operation or maintenance instructions owner s modification of the product owner s abuse misuse or negligent acts and power failure or surges fire flood accident actions of third parties or other events outside reasonable control Under the copyrig
40. ational Instruments will at its option repair or replace equipment that proves to be defective during the warranty period This warranty includes parts and labor The media on which you receive National Instruments software are warranted not to fail to execute programming instructions due to defects in materials and workmanship for a period of 90 days from date of shipment as evidenced by receipts or other documentation National Instruments will at its option repair or replace software media that do not execute programming instructions if National Instruments receives notice of such defects during the warranty period National Instruments does not warrant that the operation of the software shall be uninterrupted or error free A Return Material Authorization RMA number must be obtained from the factory and clearly marked on the outside of the package before any equipment will be accepted for warranty work National Instruments will pay the shipping costs of returning to the owner parts which are covered by warranty National Instruments believes that the information in this manual is accurate The document has been carefully reviewed for technical accuracy In the event that technical or typographical errors exist National Instruments reserves the right to make changes to subsequent editions of this document without prior notice to holders of this edition The reader should consult National Instruments if errors are suspected In no event shall N
41. can clock connection When used as outputs PFI lines can output Start Trigger Stop Trigger Scan Clock and End of Acquisition signals as well as Analog Trigger Circuit Output frequency output and TTL low and high voltage National Instruments Corporation 4 5 DAQScope 5102 User Manual Chapter 4 Hardware Overview information Signal names and descriptions vary depending on the acquisition mode you are using See the Acquisition Modes section later in this chapter for more information on timing and triggering Serial Communications Port AUX DAQScope 5102 User Manual PXI 5102 The serial communication port AUX provides the functionality of a master SCXI module The master module controls the SlotOSel or INTR and D A lines provides a serial clock on the SPICLK line and supplies data to the slave on the MOSI line The slave sends data to the master on the MISO line Both MOSI and MISO are clocked by the SPICLK In addition to these basic SCXI communications signals the serial communication port provides application specific signal lines that are overloaded on TRIGO SCANCLK and TRIG RESYNC The interface also provides 5V and GND signals for applications that may require up to 100 mA of current operation PFI has the same functionality as described above but it is overloaded on TRIGO SCANCLK on the mini DIN connector and is accessible only through the optional 9 pin mini DIN to BNC female cable adapter 4 6
42. contains a sophisticated analog trigger circuit that accepts Boolean outputs from level comparators and makes intelligent decisions about the trigger Five analog triggering modes are available as shown in Figures 4 11 through 4 15 You can set lowValue and highValue independently in software In below low level analog triggering mode the trigger is generated when the signal value is less than lowValue HighValue is unused lowValue Trigger Jay Figure 4 11 Below Low Level Analog Triggering Mode In above high level analog triggering mode the trigger is generated when the signal value is greater than highValue LowValue is unused highValue Trigger Figure 4 12 Above High Level Analog Triggering Mode 4 16 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 4 Hardware Overview In inside region analog triggering mode the trigger is generated when the signal value is between the lowValue and the high Value highValue ___ 1 4 1 lowValue ___ oS Ser eyed BS ody L 25 Trigger Figure 4 13 Inside Region Analog Triggering Mode In high hysteresis analog triggering mode the trigger is generated when the signal value is greater than highValue with hysteresis specified by lowValue highValue lowValue Trigger Figure 4 14 High Hysteresis Analog Triggering Mode National Instr
43. coupling selection 4 7 trigger sources figure 4 15 CH1 signal analog input 4 7 description 4 5 input ranges table 4 7 software programmable coupling selection 4 7 trigger sources figure 4 15 CompactPCI products using with PXI 1 2 to 1 3 compensation of probe See probes ComponentWorks software 1 6 configuration hardware 2 6 PC cards B 1 connectors See I O connectors current probe 3 11 customer communication xii C 1 to C 2 D DAQScope 5102 See also hardware overview optional equipment 1 7 overview l 1 to 1 2 requirements for getting started 1 3 to 1 4 software programming choices 1 4 to 1 7 National Instruments application software 1 5 to 1 6 NI DAQ driver software 1 7 unpacking 1 8 using PXI with CompactPCI 1 2 to 1 3 DAQScope 5102 Instrument Driver 1 7 digital triggers See PFI lines DAQScope 5102 User Manual l 2 digitizer basics accurate measurements 3 5 to 3 8 general signal shape 3 7 to 3 8 input coupling 3 8 input frequency 3 7 peak to peak value 3 5 to 3 6 source impedance 3 6 to 3 7 ADC resolution 3 4 analog bandwidth 3 2 Nyquist theorem 3 1 probes and their waveform effects 3 8 to 3 11 active and current probes 3 11 compensating for probes 3 9 to 3 11 passive probe 3 8 to 3 11 record length 3 4 sample rate 3 2 to 3 3 triggering options 3 5 vertical sensitivity 3 3 to 3 4 documentation conventions used in manual x xi National Ins
44. ctors Figure 3 8 Connecting the Probe Compensation Cabling DAQScope 5102 User Manual 3 10 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 3 Digitizer Basics As shown in Figure 3 9 an undercompensated probe attenuates higher frequency signals whereas an overcompensated probe amplifies higher frequencies Calibrate your probe frequently to ensure accurate measurements from your DAQScope 5102 Probe Adjustment Signal Probe Adjustment Signal Probe Adjustment Signal Proper Amplitude of a Reduced Amplitude of a Increased Amplitude of a 1 MHz Test Signal 1 MHz Test Signal 1 MHz Test Signal a Compensated Correctly b Undercompensated c Overcompensated Figure 3 9 Probe Compensation Comparison Active and Current Probes You can also use active probes and current probes with digitizers and DSOs Active probes such as differential and field effect transistor FET probes contain active circuitry in the probe itself to reject noise and amplify the signal FET probes are useful for low voltage measurements at high frequencies and differential probes are noted for their high CMRR and nongrounded reference Instead of using a series resistance in the loop to measure current current probes magnetically measure AC and or DC current flowing in a conductor This lack of series resistance causes very little interference in the circuit bei
45. driver software does not provide the delay to account for settling time therefore acquisitions immediately following a coupling change may yield incorrect data ADC Pipeline Delay DAQScope 5102 User Manual The ADC on the DAQScope 5102 is a pipelined flash converter with a maximum conversion rate of 20 MS s The pipelined architecture imposes a 2 5 Scan Clock cycle delay to convert analog voltage into a digital value as shown in Figure 4 7 Input Scan Clock t ij ok 4 LES 2s rA Figure 4 7 Scan Clock Delay In reference to the Scan Clock signal the digital value corresponding to the first conversion the first falling edge of the Scan Clock signal outputs synchronously with the third rising edge of the Scan Clock signal 4 8 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 4 Hardware Overview Using a pipelined architecture also introduces a lower limit on the scan rate For the DAQScope 5102 the accuracy starts to degrade below about 1 kS s The DAQScope 5102 automatically adjusts for pipelined delay when you use the internal scan clock If you use an external scan clock you must provide a free running clock to ensure reliable operation You must also follow timing specifications on the external scan clock as described in Appendix A Specifications Acquisition Modes The DAQScope 5102 supports two acquisition modes posttrigger acquisition and pretrigger acquisition Posttr
46. e a plug in DAQ board card or pad that can contain multiple channels and conversion devices Plug in boards PCMCIA cards and devices such as the DAQPad 1200 which connects to your computer parallel port are all examples of DAQ devices SCXI modules are distinct from devices with the exception of the SCXI 1200 which is a hybrid differential mode an analog input consisting of two terminals both of which are isolated from computer ground whose difference is measured a way you can configure your device to read signals in which you do not need to connect either input to a fixed reference such as the earth or a building ground See port a TTL level signal having two discrete levels a high and a low level Deutsche Industrie Norme digital input output dual inline package the addition of Gaussian noise to an analog input signal direct memory access a method by which data can be transferred to from computer memory from to a device or memory on the bus while the processor does something else DMA is the fastest method of transferring data to from computer memory G 6 National Instruments Corporation DNL DOS down counter DRAM drivers DSO dual access memory dynamic range E EEPROM EISA electrostatically coupled EMC encoder End of Acquisition EPROM ETS Glossary differential nonlinearity a measure in LSB of the worst case deviation of code widths from their ideal value of 1 LSB dis
47. e device over the RTSI connector The cable and connector are keyed so there is only one way to insert the cable in the connector National Instruments Corporation 4 27 DAQScope 5102 User Manual Chapter 4 Hardware Overview 8 Ensure that no other card in the system is configured to output its internal timebase on the RTSI bus clock line The safest approach is to restart your system if possible Program the master device to output its internal timebase on the RTSI bus clock line Program the master device to output its Scan Clock and Stop Trigger on unused RTSI bus trigger lines Program the slave device to use RTSI bus clock as its main timebase Program the slave device to use external Scan Clock and external Stop Trigger on RTSI bus trigger lines selected in step 4 Refer to the Determining Pretriggered and Posttriggered Scan Counts section later in this chapter for information on how to configure the number of pretrigger and posttriggered scans for the master and the slave devices Arm the slave device for acquisition before arming the master device DAQCard 5102 and DAQPad 5102 You need two SMB200 cables optional and two DAQCard 5102 or DAQPad 5102 devices with cable assemblies to create a four channel digitizer as follows 1 6 Connect PFI1 of the master device to PFI1 of the slave device with the SMB200 cable Connect PFI2 of the master device to PFI2 of the slave device with the SMB200 cable Con
48. e that transforms a signal from one form to another For example analog to digital converters ADCs for analog input digital to analog converters DACs for analog output digital input or output ports and counter timers are conversion devices the time required in an analog input or output system from the moment a channel is interrogated such as with a read instruction to the moment that accurate data is available G 4 National Instruments Corporation counter timer coupling Cp CPU crosstalk current drive capability current sinking current sourcing D A D A DAC daisy chain DAQ dB DC National Instruments Corporation G 5 Glossary a circuit that counts external pulses or clock pulses timing the manner in which a signal is connected from one location to another probe capacitance central processing unit an unwanted signal on one channel due to an input on a different channel the amount of current a digital or analog output channel is capable of sourcing or sinking while still operating within voltage range specifications the ability of a DAQ board to dissipate current for analog or digital output signals the ability of a DAQ board to supply current for analog or digital output signals digital to analog digital to analog active low digital to analog converter an electronic device often an integrated circuit that converts a digital number into a corresponding analog voltage or
49. eeceseeseseeeeaes 4 29 viii National Instruments Corporation This manual describes the mechanical and electrical aspects of the DAQScope 5102 devices and contains information concerning their installation and operation The PCI 5102 PXI 5102 AT 5102 DAQCard 5102 and DAQPad 5102 devices are analog input devices that combine the benefits of digitizers and oscilloscopes Organization of This Manual The DAQScope 5102 User Manual is organized as follows National Instruments Corporation Chapter 1 Introduction describes the DAQScope 5102 lists the optional software and optional equipment and explains how to unpack your DAQScope 5102 Chapter 2 Installation and Configuration describes how to install and configure your DAQScope 5102 Chapter 3 Digitizer Basics explains the basic information you need to understand about making measurements with digitizers including important terminology and how to use your probe Chapter 4 Hardware Overview includes an overview of the DAQScope 5102 explains the operation of each functional unit making up your DAQScope 5102 and describes the signal connections Appendix A Specifications lists the specifications of the DAQScope 5102 Appendix B PC Card Questions and Answers for Windows 3 1 contains a list of common questions and answers relating to PC Card PCMCIA operation Appendix C Customer Communication contains forms you can use to request help from Natio
50. elel 8 z iva GHO Out Analog qo a PCI 5102 AT 5102 TRIG lt O 6 gt PXI 5102 TRIG lt 0 5 gt X CH 1 Out Trig MUX 2 o E External 11 Out _y Trig 5 B Trigger Trigger and Level 7 TRIG He TRIG_Out fe p AC DC Channel omparators ind Coupling Amplifier Equivalent NZ Time Sampling Serial y Communication 4a AUX 9 Pin DIN coe a PXI 5102 PFI2 and Serial Communication PXI 5102 B Only Only lt 7 Figure 4 1 PCI 5102 PXI 5102 AT 5102 Block Diagram National Instruments Corporation 4 1 DAQScope 5102 User Manual Chapter 4 Hardware Overview Figure 4 2 shows a block diagram of the DAQCard 5102 and DAQPad 5 102 Channel 0 FIFO FIFO R SE Data DATA in DATA out Channel 0 annel 0 CHo H acide Coupling Gain Stage 20 MS s FIFO a ADC o P ai v FIFO FIFO Channel 1 DATA in DATAR Data FIFO g a Channel 1 cK Channel 1 lt CHI H Ac Dc Coupling PC P Gain Stage Z E be 6 x FIFO Controls Z 8 Q Q XZ 5 T T 5 Gain Control Gain and be 5 Coupling ADC Control Path mi Controls H 2 PFIt pe rr PFI Module PFI2 gt _______ Timing FIFO Serial COMM Module Control Serial Controls D bz ve ee ee Serial DACs 1
51. ere may be a problem Refer to Table 2 1 for the LED pattern descriptions When the LED blinks it turns on and off for one second each for as many times as necessary then waits three seconds before repeating the cycle The DAQPad 5102 is now installed DAQScope 5102 User Manual 2 4 National Instruments Corporation Upstream Connector to the Host Computer or Hub Chapter 2 Installation and Configuration Downstream Connector to Your DAQPad Figure 2 1 DAQPad Upstream and Downstream Connectors Table 2 1 DAQPad 5102 LED Patterns LED DAQPad 5102 State Description On Configured State Your DAQPad is configured Off Off or in the Your DAQPad is turned off or in low power suspend the low power suspend mode mode 2 Blinks Addressed state This pattern is displayed if the host computer detects your DAQPad but cannot configure it because NI DAQ is not installed properly or because there are no system resources available If the DAQPad remains in this state check your software installation 3 Blinks Power supply failure This pattern is displayed if you try to use your DAQPad without having the external power supply connected 4 Blinks General error state If this pattern is displayed contact National Instruments Hardware Configuration The DAQScope 5102 is a fully software configurable Plug and Play device Hardware configuration information and resource requireme
52. ermine the behavior of the DAQPad 5102 during the suspend state DAQScope 5102 User Manual The DAQPad 5102 functions only with an external power supply If you attempt to use this device without the external power supply attached you may see the LED blink in the power supply failure pattern described in Table 2 1 This state can happen only when an external power supply is not used To resolve this problem simply turn off the DAQPad 5 102 attach the external power supply and turn the power on again If low power consumption is a concern the recommended way to turn off the DAQPad 5102 is with the rocker switch located on the rear panel This switch turns the device on and off by disconnecting both the external power supply and the USB supply It is also possible to turn off the DAQPad 5 102 by detaching the USB cable while leaving the external supply attached however in this case even though no power is drawn from the USB supply several milliamperes are 2 6 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 2 Installation and Configuration continually drawn from the external supply If you are using a battery pack such as the BP 1 it is best to use the rocker switch to prolong the charge of the battery National Instruments Corporation 2 7 DAQScope 5102 User Manual Chapter Digitizer Basics This chapter explains the basic information you need to understand about making measurements with digitizers including importa
53. erview LOKO IE 6i LoS KEE EEEE E E eee E EEEE E E 4 2 Signal Connections correns an a es e E R EN R A E a S RESES 4 5 Serial Communications Port AUX uu cccccesescceesseecsecceesseeecsesececseeeensneeeesaes 4 6 AMALOS MPU sod desencvectlecd cues Mean deeeddewetssce e a e e a aae e 4 7 ADC Pipeline Delay cnis eee eh ek ana 4 8 ACQUISITION MOJE Seiri sienne a Ea E ER T ERE dy 4 9 Posttrigger Acquisition eseseeeeseeeessseesrsreseerssrerssrerrsrererresrereseeereseet 4 9 Pretrigger ACQUISIION ceeceseeseeceececeeceeeecesecessecenceceeeesseeeneensees 4 11 Trigger SOULCES ascen ssesehseepssateee chutes deny r r E E EE EEE NE SEE E EEE 4 15 Analog Trigger Circuit sesiis e eriei secu cebvas dedactecs TeS E e is Eene enk 4 16 Trigg r Hold off ic siccvsshecssscees sevstesssssesseeesssteesbes aries Eer EEEE Eeo EKSE eko EEES 4 18 Random Interleaved Sampling esssseeeeseseessesesrsresrsrrsteresrertsresrerrnrerrsseresseeestrsererereersseet 4 20 Calibration sss e r E eae T A O EAE r ET ETa 4 23 RTSI Bus Trigger and Clock Lines e seseseesseeessseesesrsseerrsresrsreersrenresrnserrsseeresrentsrenrrerese 4 23 lod a O IE a Te AE E E E 4 25 PFI Lines as Inputs mieit eee ae E ee estos e Er E EEE REAT ee 4 25 PFI Lines as Outputs viscicssccesseigsgieessscsates sssecdtts caceceblag coneseesbecsees E EE 4 25 Master Slave Operation vt c sccsc5cscdsse csc neita roret toca cbt de su tdecnenk astecee sasuhgupessesteeosnsvecas cons 4 27 ROS
54. es one or more of the PCI 5102 PXI 5102 AT 5102 DAQCard 5102 and DAQPad 5 102 devices Digitizer refers to a 5102 device Italic text denotes emphasis a cross reference or an introduction to a key concept Text in this font denotes text or characters that you should literally enter from the keyboard sections of code programming examples and syntax examples This font is also used for the proper names of disk drives paths directories programs subprograms subroutines device names functions operations variables filenames and extensions and for statements and comments taken from programs NI DAQ refers to the NI DAQ software for PC compatibles or Mac OS unless otherwise noted X National Instruments Corporation About This Manual Plug and Play Plug and Play refers to a device that is fully compatible with the industry standard Plug and Play specification Plug and Play systems automatically arbitrate and assign system resources freeing the user from manually configuring jumpers or switches to configure settings such as the product base address and interrupt level National Instruments Documentation The DAQScope 5102 User Manual is one piece of the documentation set for your data acquisition DAQ system You could have any of several types of manuals depending on the hardware and software in your system Use the manuals you have as follows Your DAQ hardware user manuals These manuals have detailed inform
55. eseceeceeeeeeeeeeeseesaeeaee 3 11 Figure 4 1 PCI 5102 PXI 5102 AT 5102 Block Diagram o oo eee eeeeeeeee 4 1 Figure 4 2 DAQCard 5102 and DAQPad 5102 Block Diagram eee 4 2 Figure 4 3 PCI 5102 and AT 5102 I O Connectors 0 0 0 ce eceeeeeeeneeereeseeeneeeaes 4 3 Figure 4 4 DAQCard 5102 I O Connectors eee es eeeeseceseeeceeeeseceeeeseeeeeeseseeeeas 4 3 Figure 4 5 DAQPad 5102 I O Connectors 0 eee eseesecseceseeeeceseeeeceeceeseeeeeneseneeees 4 4 Figure 4 6 PXI 5102 VO Connectors eee iorsin ieissa enor 4 5 Figure 4 7 Scan Clock Delays isisisi nissens enei easa eno raosi 4 8 Figure 4 8 Posttrigger Acquisition eeeeseeeessesseersseesesreresreerrresrerreeetesreresrseesreeee 4 10 Figure 4 9 Pretrigger Acquisition oe eee ete ceteeeeceseteeceeeeeeeaeeeaecaeesaecaeenaeenees 4 13 Figure 4 10 Scan Clock Start Trigger and Stop Trigger Signal Sources 4 15 Figure 4 11 Below Low Level Analog Triggering Mode sseessssesessseesrsrserrreseereses 4 16 Figure 4 12 Above High Level Analog Triggering Mode sseesssesesseeeersererrersrereses 4 16 Figure 4 13 Inside Region Analog Triggering Mode eesssseeseseeesesresrersrrerrrrrrrerereee 4 17 Figure 4 14 High Hysteresis Analog Triggering Mode ecseeseeeesseeresrseresreereerees 4 17 Figure 4 15 Low Hysteresis Analog Triggering Mode ssessesesesesserersrrerrerrerrrsree 4 18 Figure 4 16 Pretrigger and Posttrigger Acquisitions with Hold off 0 ee 4
56. evice s rocker switch off and then on again to cycle the power Tf you are using the BP 1 battery pack follow the installation instructions in your BP 1 installation guide and disregard steps 1 and 3 in this manual 1 Verify that the AC voltage input on the external power supply matches the voltage supplied in your area 110 V or 60 Hz 220 V or 50 Hz 2 Verify that the external power supply voltage matches the power supply required by the DAQPad 5102 You can find the supply voltage information on the external supply and also on the rear panel of the DAQPad 5 102 3 Connect one end of the external supply to the electrical outlet Connect the other end to the rear panel jack Notice that the jack has a locking plug You may need this lock if the connection between the external supply and the DAQPad 5102 is not secure 4 Plug the upstream end of the USB cable into any available upstream socket and plug the downstream end of the USB cable into the DAQPad 5 102 as shown in Figure 2 1 5 Flip the rocker switch to turn the power on for the DAQPad 5102 The PC should immediately detect the DAQPad 5102 When the PC recognizes the DAQPad 5 102 the LED on the front panel will blink or be lit 6 Ifthe LED remains lit after the DAQPad 5102 is powered up and connected to the host it is functioning properly You must configure your DAQPad device and DAQPad accessories with the NI DAQ Configuration Utility If the LED is blinking or off th
57. extends the maximum scan count to 16 million scans Figure 4 8 shows the timing signals involved in a posttrigger acquisition In this example the hardware is programmed to acquire 10 posttriggered scans Start Trigger First Scan Clock Pulse Scan Clock End of Acquisition ie Input m Posttrigger Points Figure 4 8 Posttrigger Acquisition DAQScope 5102 User Manual 4 10 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 4 Hardware Overview Table 4 5 describes the posttrigger acquisition signals Table 4 5 Posttrigger Acquisition Signals Signal Description Start Trigger Triggers the acquisition It can be generated through software or CHO CH1 TRIG PFI1 and PFI2 or any of the seven RTSI bus trigger lines RTSI bus trigger lines are available only on the PCI 5102 PXI 5102 and AT 5102 Scan Clock Causes the ADC to convert the input signal into digital data This signal is also used in the memory controller to write the data into onboard memory This signal can be generated internally with a 24 bit counter clocked with a 20 MHz signal to generate pulses from 20 MHz to 1 19 Hz The 24 bit counter provides a wide choice of valid frequencies for the Scan Clock signal In addition Scan Clock can also be selected from CHO CH1 TRIG PFI1 and PFI2 or any of the seven RTSI bus trigger lines RTSI bus trigger
58. figure PFI1 of the master device to output Scan Clock and PFI2 of the master device to output Stop Trigger Configure the slave device to use external scans on PFI1 external Stop Trigger on PFI2 and software Start Trigger Refer to the Determining Pretriggered and Posttriggered Scan Counts section later in this chapter for information on how to configure the number of pretrigger and posttriggered scans for the master and the slave devices Arm the slave device for acquisition before arming the master device You cannot use the PFI1 and PFI2 lines on master and slave devices for any other purpose when synchronizing two cards DAQScope 5102 User Manual 4 28 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 4 Hardware Overview Determining Pretriggered and Posttriggered Scan Counts To determine the pretriggered and posttriggered scan counts let A denote the desired pretriggered scans and B denote the desired total number of scans Use Table 4 8 to determine how you should program the master and the slave devices Table 4 8 Master Slave Programming Master Board Slave Board Pretrigger Total Number Pretrigger Total Number Sample Rate Scans of Scans Scans of Scans 20 MHz A 1 B 4 A 6 B 10 MHz A 1 B 4 A 3 B 6 667 MHz A 1 B 4 A 1 B 5 MHz or lower A 1 B 4 A B This algorithm results in an extra pretriggered point on all boards and three additional posttriggered points on the master board If this
59. form shape as well as frequency 3 2 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 3 Digitizer Basics i 1 i a a gt m Sample Rate 2 MS s e Sample Rate 20 MS s Figure 3 3 1 MHz Sine Wave Sample Vertical Sensitivity Vertical sensitivity describes the smallest input voltage change the digitizer can capture This limitation is because one distinct digital voltage encompasses a range of analog voltages Therefore it is possible that a minute change in voltage at the input is not noticeable at the output of the ADC This parameter depends on the input range gain of the input amplifier and ADC resolution It is specified in volts per least significant bit LSB Figure 3 4 shows the transfer function of a 3 bit ADC with a vertical range of 5 V having a vertical sensitivity of 5 8 V LSB National Instruments Corporation 3 3 DAQScope 5102 User Manual Chapter 3 Digitizer Basics ADC Resolution Record Length DAQScope 5102 User Manual Range 0 5 V 111 110 101 100 010 Voltage Fluctuations in This Region Will Be Unnoticed Figure 3 4 Transfer Function of a 3 Bit ADC ADC resolution limits the accuracy of a measurement The higher the resolution number of bits the more accurate the measurement An 8 bit ADC divides the vertical range of the input amplifier into 256 discrete levels With a vertical range of 10 V the 8 bit ADC cannot resolve voltage differences smaller than 39 mV In
60. ground potentials the voltage that an isolated circuit can normally withstand usually specified from input to input and or from any input to the amplifier output or to the computer bus G 10 National Instruments Corporation kbytes s kS Kword L LabVIEW latched digital I O LED low frequency corner LSB Glossary kilo the standard metric prefix for 1 000 or 103 used with units of measure such as volts hertz and meters kilo the prefix for 1 024 or 2 used with B in quantifying data or computer memory a unit for data transfer that means 1 000 or 10 bytes s 1 000 samples 1 024 words of memory laboratory virtual instrument engineering workbench a type of digital acquisition generation where a device or module accepts or transfers data after a digital pulse has been received Also called handshaked digital I O light emitting diode in an AC coupled circuit the frequency below which signals are attenuated by at least 3 dB least significant bit m meters M 1 Mega the standard metric prefix for 1 million or 10 when used with units of measure such as volts and hertz 2 mega the prefix for 1 048 576 or 27 when used with B to quantify data or computer memory MB megabytes of memory Mbytes s a unit for data transfer that means 1 million or 10 bytes s memory buffer See buffer National Instruments Corporation G 11 DAQScope 5102 User Manual Glossary MFLOPS MIPS MISO
61. hannels have a software programmable coupling selection between AC and DC Use AC coupling when your AC signal contains a large DC component Without AC coupling it is difficult to view details of the AC component with a large DC offset and a small AC component such as switching noise on a DC supply If you enable AC coupling you remove the large DC offset for the input amplifier and amplify only the AC component This technique makes effective use of dynamic range to digitize the signal of interest The low frequency corner in an AC coupled circuit is the frequency below which signals are attenuated by at least 3 dB The low frequency corner DAQScope 5102 User Manual Chapter 4 Hardware Overview is 11 Hz with a 1X probe 1 1 Hz with a 10X probe 0 11 Hz with a 100X probe and 4 Hz with a 1000X probe When changing coupling on the DAQScope 5102 devices the input stage takes a finite time to settle as shown in Table 4 3 Table 4 3 AC DC Coupling Change Settling Rates Action Time Constant Switching from AC to DC settling time 0 5 ms Switching from DC to AC 1X probe time constant 15 ms 10X probe time constant 150 ms 100X probe time constant 15s 1000X probe time constant 40 ms J Caution When switching coupling from DC to AC returned data is accurate about 20 time constants after switching to AC This delay is based on switching to AC and at the same time switching from a gain of 1 to a gain of 100 The NI DAQ
62. hapter 2 Installation and Configuration Software Installation e eeaeee aa ea en e Era e a e R Noea ines 2 1 Hardware Installation eee eee ear T e EE ae eT 2 1 Hard ware Cont sur atom iesene nene a E E E E EEN eas 2 6 Power Considerations snoite e erir er ereere t erortera EEEo E EE ERS eot n Sree iN ien 2 6 Chapter 3 Digitizer Basics Understanding Digitizers s 5 0ccc ccsccenssecescctvsecobsschessevssssbesssevseshsaveesoenstsensopnesssuscsnveseceessone 3 1 Nyquist Theorem anei e tne tess dissin il EEE eel iets ete 3 1 Analog Band Width sipestro e ieee eresi kees 3 2 Sample Rates aaeeea o a o a Nig aE 3 2 Vertical Sensitivity orrei serietips serier eas srin aE ea Ieta Ee IEEE E Ee cies 3 3 ADC Res Glitiony Sic os A E ae 3 4 National Instruments Corporation v DAQScope 5102 User Manual Contents Record Length gt 5 sa ccrhacoh ik esae Sica baud bul ace finesse tee 3 4 Triggering OPtons c sssce tssessedssssshssesesctess des sttacssGetsoes E EEr eE iVE Eia EESTE sisaan 3 5 Making Accurate Measurements ccccccccsescssecsescsscsecseessesessesesesessesesssesseseseeesseseceees 3 5 Understanding the Probe and Its Effects on Your Waveform sssessseseresrersererereereee 3 8 Passive Probe crena Govt eak i aeaa chess E E AE ea EEE TEE 3 8 How to Compensate Your Probe ssssessseeeseeeseerereersereresrerrsreersrreen 3 9 Active and Current Probes esns ereen ueni ee esoneri E EEE n E oeiia Tasa 3 11 Chapter 4 Hardware Ov
63. he minimum signal voltage This reflects the maximum change in signal voltage and affects the vertical sensitivity or gain of the input amplifier reference voltage DAQScope 5102 User Manual Glossary W W watts waveform multiple voltage readings taken at a specific sampling rate word the standard number of bits that a processor or memory manipulates at one time Microprocessors typically use 8 16 or 32 bit words working voltage the highest voltage that should be applied to a product in normal use normally well under the breakdown voltage for safety margin Z zero overhead looping the ability of a high performance processor to repeat instructions without requiring time to branch to the beginning of the instructions zero wait state memory memory fast enough that the processor does not have to wait during any reads and writes to the memory DAQScope 5102 User Manual G 20 National Instruments Corporation A above high level analog triggering mode figure 4 16 accuracy of measurements See measurement accuracy AC DC coupling change settling rates table 4 8 acquisition modes 4 9 to 4 14 posttrigger acquisition 4 9 to 4 11 posttrigger acquisition signals table 4 11 pretrigger acquisition 4 11 to 4 14 pretrigger acquisition signals table 4 14 active probe 3 11 ADC pipeline delay 4 8 to 4 9 ADC resolution 3 4 analog bandwidth 3 2 analog input 4 7 to 4 19 AC DC coupling change settling rates table 4
64. he probe You can select two timebases to generate this frequency as follows 7 16 MHz asynchronous to 20 MHz internal timebase 1 25 MHz synchronous to 20 MHz internal timebase The DAQScope 5102 uses a 16 bit counter to programmatically select frequency at the output The pulse train frequency as a function of the counter value can be expressed as Frequency timebase divide_ratio where divide_ratio 3 65 535 Alternatively to compute divide_ratio for a particular frequency the relationship is divide_ratio timebase frequency For example to generate a kHz pulse train common for probe compensation select the following parameters timebase 1 25 MHz divide_ratio 1 250 Low This is the TTL low voltage referenced to the computer s ground potential This is a signal at logic level low Do not use this as GND for your circuit High This is the TTL high voltage referenced to the computer s ground potential This is a signal at logic level high Do not use this as VCC for your circuit 4 26 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 4 Hardware Overview i Caution Refer to the output drive specification of PFI lines in Appendix A Specifications Failure to observe these limits may severely damage your DAQScope 5102 Master Slave Operation You can use two or more DAQScope 5102 devices in one system to increase the number of channels for your application by synchronizing devices over the RTSI bus or P
65. ht laws this publication may not be reproduced or transmitted in any form electronic or mechanical including photocopying recording storing in an information retrieval system or translating in whole or in part without the prior written consent of National Instruments Corporation ComponentWorks CVI DAQCard DAQPad DAQScope LabVIEW Measure MITE NI DAQ PXI RTSI SCXI and VirtualBench are trademarks of National Instruments Corporation Product and company names listed are trademarks or trade names of their respective companies WARNING REGARDING MEDICAL AND CLINICAL USE OF NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS PRODUCTS National Instruments products are not designed with components and testing intended to ensure a level of reliability suitable for use in treatment and diagnosis of humans Applications of National Instruments products involving medical or clinical treatment can create a potential for accidental injury caused by product failure or by errors on the part of the user or application designer Any use or application of National Instruments products for or involving medical or clinical treatment must be performed by properly trained and qualified medical personnel and all traditional medical safeguards equipment and procedures that are appropriate in the particular situation to prevent serious injury or death should always continue to be used when National Instruments products are being used National Inst
66. i gt Fi Analog Trigger He Sviel Expansion lt Expansion Bus Data and Control Signal Module 1 Bus Interface 1 1 SZ Zz 5 EEPROM 5 5 3 5 O10 9 5 ojoj e Q CHO Out E E amp H Analog EA En PA a External CH LOut p Trig MUX 5 Trigger Trigger and Level TRIG H acioc chanel TRIG_Out Comparators j Coupling Amplifier Equivalent Time Sampling Figure 4 2 DAQCard 5102 and DAQPad 5102 Block Diagram 1 0 Connector PCI 5102 AT 5102 DAQCard 5102 DAQPad 5102 These DAQScope 5102 devices have two standard BNC female connectors for CHO and CH1 analog input connections one standard BNC female connector for the TRIG channel and two standard SMB female connectors for the multipurpose digital timing and triggering signals PFI1 and PFI2 DAQScope 5102 User Manual 4 2 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 4 Hardware Overview The PCI 5102 and AT 5102 give you direct BNC connectivity on the bracket as shown in Figure 4 3 Figure 4 3 PCI 5102 and AT 5102 I O Connectors Use the cable assembly provided for these connections on the DAQCard 5102 as shown in Figure 4 4 asa SAL WO Ad gt PFI CHO CH1 TRIG PFI2 Figure 4 4 DAQCard 5102 1 0 Connectors National Instruments Corporation 4 3 DAQScope 5102 User Manual Chapter 4 Hardware Overview The DAQPad 5102 gives you direct BNC connectivity as shown in Figure 4 5 Figure
67. igger Acquisition In posttrigger acquisition mode the hardware acquires a number of scans after the Start Trigger occurs When the trigger occurs the input signal is digitized and the desired number of scans are stored in onboard memory Table 4 4 shows the minimum and maximum number of samples the 5102 device can acquire Table 4 4 Possible Number of Samples for Posttriggered Scans Number PCI 5102 and AT 5102 DAQCard 5102 of PXI 5102 DAQPad 5102 Channels Min Max Min Max One 1 16 777 088 1 663 000 Two 1 16 777 088 1 331 500 Dependent on available memory CF Note If Scan Clock is externally supplied you must supply a free running clock for proper operation On the AT 5102 DAQCard 5102 and DAQPad 5102 data transfer takes place after an acquisition ends limiting the scan count to the size of the onboard memory On the PCI 5102 and PXI 5102 data can be moved very quickly from the card to host memory while an acquisition is in progress The PCI 5102 and PXI 5102 take advantage of the National Instruments MITE National Instruments Corporation 4 9 DAQScope 5102 User Manual Chapter 4 Hardware Overview Application Specific Integrated Circuit ASIC to master the PCI bus and transfer data acquired on both channels to PC memory in real time without losing data This technology lets you acquire more data than 663 000 samples the size of the onboard memory This property of the PCI bus
68. iggering mode figure 4 16 high hysteresis analog triggering mode figure 4 17 inside region analog triggering mode figure 4 17 low hysteresis analog triggering mode figure 4 18 trigger hold off definition 3 8 hardware overview 4 18 to 4 19 limitations note 4 19 pretrigger and posttrigger acquisitions with hold off figure 4 19 trigger lines RTSIbus figure 4 24 trigger sources 4 15 triggering options 3 5 triggers missing triggers 4 30 retriggered acquisition programming flowchart 4 30 specifications A 3 to A 4 DAQScope 5102 User Manual l 6 V vertical sensitivity 3 3 to 3 4 VirtualBench software 1 5 National Instruments Corporation
69. interrupt interrupt level interval scanning INTR T O isolation isolation voltage DAQScope 5102 User Manual the measured resistance and capacitance between the input terminals of a circuit the difference in the input bias currents of the two inputs of an instrumentation amplifier a set of high level software functions that controls a specific GPIB VXI or RS 232 programmable instrument or a specific plug in DAQ board Instrument drivers are available in several forms ranging from a function callable language to a virtual instrument VT in LabVIEW a computer signal indicating that the CPU should suspend its current task to service a designated activity the relative priority at which a device can interrupt scanning method where there is a longer interval between scans than there is between individual channels comprising a scan interrupt request signal active low input output the transfer of data to from a computer system involving communications channels operator interface devices and or data acquisition and control interfaces current output high current output low output short circuit current interrupt request industry standard architecture a type of signal conditioning in which you isolate the transducer signals from the computer for safety purposes This protects you and your computer from large voltage spikes and makes sure the measurements from the DAQ device are not affected by differences in
70. ion Chapter 4 Hardware Overview PXI 5102 The PXI 5102 uses the PXI Trigger lt 0 5 gt to carry RTSI Trigger lt 0 5 gt and uses PXI Trigger 7 to carry the RTSI clock signal to all other PXI slots in the system The RTSI Trigger 6 signal is reserved for use with PXI Star Trigger PFI Lines All DAQScope 5102 devices have two multipurpose programmable function digital input output lines PFI1 and PFI2 that you can use for external timing and triggering or outputting various signals You can individually select the direction of these lines to be input or output PFI Lines as Inputs PFI1 or PFI2 can be selected as inputs for the Start Trigger Stop Trigger and Scan Clock signals On the PXI 5102 PFI2 is accessible through the optional 9 pin mini DIN to BNC female cable adapter Unless your application requires the PFI2 signal to be passed through to the PXI back plane on TRIGO SCANCLK disable the Backplane Scan Clock via your application software reset state is disabled PFI Lines as Outputs On the PXI 5102 PFI2 is accessible through the optional 9 pin mini DIN to BNC female cable adapter PFI1 or PFI2 can be selected to output the following digital signals e Start Trigger This signal is synchronized to the 20 MHz timebase When the Start condition is satisfied either through a software analog or digital trigger Start Trigger will transition high for 100 ns two clock periods of the 20 MHz timebase and transit
71. ion back to its idle state e Stop Trigger This signal is synchronized to the 20 MHz timebase When the Stop condition is satisfied either through an analog or digital trigger Stop Trigger will transition high for 100 ns two clock periods of the 20 MHz timebase and transition back to its idle state e Scan Clock This signal is also the clock to the ADC that represents the rate at which the input is sampled The default state of this signal is high National Instruments Corporation 4 25 DAQScope 5102 User Manual Chapter 4 Hardware Overview DAQScope 5102 User Manual End of Acquisition This signal is generated internally to indicate to internal state machines that acquisition has ended End of Acquisition synchronous to Scan Clock pulses high for two Scan Clock periods at the end of acquisition This signal may be useful to trigger external circuits for timing critical applications Analog Trigger Circuit Output This signal is the digital output of the Analog Trigger Circuit on the DAQScope 5102 The frequency and duty cycle of this signal depends on the trigger channel the low Value and highValue trigger levels polarity and triggering mode For more information see the Analog Trigger Circuit section earlier in this chapter Frequency Output This signal is a digital pulse train with programmable frequency The most common application of frequency output for the DAQScope 5102 is to provide a signal for compensating t
72. ion two because the signal crosses the trigger level You can solve this problem without using complicated signal processing techniques by using trigger hold off which lets you specify a time from the trigger event to ignore additional triggers that fall within that time With an appropriate hold off value the waveform in Figure 3 6 can be properly captured by discarding conditions two and four e Input coupling You can configure the input channels on your DAQScope 5102 to be DC coupled or AC coupled DC coupling allows the DC and low frequency components of a signal to pass through without attenuation In contrast AC coupling removes DC offsets and attenuates the low frequency components of a signal This feature can be exploited to zoom in on AC signals with large DC offsets such as switching noise on a 12 V power supply Refer to Appendix A Specifications for the input limits that must be observed regardless of coupling Understanding the Probe and Its Effects on Your Waveform Passive Probe DAQScope 5102 User Manual Signals travel from the tip of the probe to the input amplifier and are then digitized by the ADC This signal path makes the probe an important electrical system component that can severely affect the accuracy of the measurement A probe can potentially influence measured amplitude and phase and the signal can pick up additional noise on its way to the input stage Several types of probes are available including
73. is an undesirable effect you could discard points in the application For example when programming a master slave system for 500 pretriggered and 1 000 total number of scans at 20 MHz refer to Table 4 8 to find that the boards should be programmed as follows e Master board pretrigger scans 500 1 501 total number of scans 1 000 4 1004 e Slave board s pretrigger scans 500 6 506 total number of scans 1 000 When programming a master slave system for 500 pretrigger and 1 000 total number of scans at 100 kHz you should program the boards as follows e Master board pretrigger scans 500 1 501 total number of scans 1 000 4 1 004 e Slave board s pretrigger scans 500 total number of scans 1 000 National Instruments Corporation 4 29 DAQScope 5102 User Manual Chapter 4 Hardware Overview Other Considerations The DAQScope 5102 is not designed to respond to multiple triggers without a software reset sequence and some reprogramming This architecture could lead to missing triggers when the board is in the reprogramming phase or the data unload phase or when the software did not wait long enough in the armed state for the trigger and timed out Careful design of your application can minimize missed triggers Figure 4 20 shows the programming process for a retriggered acquisition The key design features of this flow chart are the following 1 Minimize the reprogramming phase by lo
74. it trigger clock CMOS CMRR code width cold junction compensation common mode range common mode signal common mode voltage compensation range conditional retrieval conversion device conversion time DAQScope 5102 User Manual pin or wire lead to which you apply or from which you read the analog or digital signal Analog signals can be single ended or differential For digital signals you group channels to form ports Ports usually consist of either four or eight digital channels input capacitance a condition for starting or stopping clocks hardware component that controls timing for reading from or writing to groups complementary metal oxide semiconductor common mode rejection ratio a measure of an instrument s ability to reject interference from a common mode signal usually expressed in decibels dB the smallest detectable change in an input voltage of a DAQ device a method of compensating for inaccuracies in thermocouple circuits the input range over which a circuit can handle a common mode signal the mathematical average voltage relative to the computer s ground of the signals from a differential input any voltage present at the instrumentation amplifier inputs with respect to amplifier ground the range of a parameter for which compensating adjustment can be made a method of triggering in which you simulate an analog trigger using software Also called software triggering devic
75. ities you should use the instrument driver as shown in Figure 1 1 DAQScope 5102 User Manual Using LabVIEW or LabWindows CVI software will greatly reduce the development time for your data acquisition and control application ComponentWorks contains tools for data acquisition and instrument control built on NI DAQ driver software ComponentWorks provides a higher level programming interface for building virtual instruments with Visual Basic Visual C Borland Delphi and Microsoft Internet Explorer With ComponentWorks you can use all of the configuration tools resource management utilities and interactive control utilities included with NI DAQ Measure is a data acquisition and instrument control add in for Microsoft Excel With Measure you can acquire data directly from plug in DAQ boards GPIB instruments or serial RS 232 devices Measure has easy to use dialogs for configuring your measurements Your data is placed directly into Excel worksheet cells from which you can perform your analysis and report generation operations using the full power and flexibility of Excel 1 6 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 1 Introduction DAQScope 5102 Instrument Driver The DAQScope 5102 Instrument Driver provides flexibility and programmability in a standard instrument driver format The instrument driver API is designed after a classical full featured oscilloscope instrument driver The instrument driver lets you avoid maki
76. k operating system performing frequency division on an internal signal dynamic RAM software that controls a specific hardware device such as a DAQ board or a GPIB interface board digital storage oscilloscope memory that can be sequentially accessed by more than one controller or processor but not simultaneously accessed Also known as shared memory the ratio of the largest signal level a circuit can handle to the smallest signal level it can handle usually taken to be the noise level normally expressed in decibels electrically erasable programmable read only memory ROM that can be erased with an electrical signal and reprogrammed extended industry standard architecture propagating a signal by means of a varying electric field electromechanical compliance a device that converts linear or rotary displacement into digital or pulse signals The most popular type of encoder is the optical encoder which uses a rotating disk with alternating opaque areas a light source and a photodetector end of acquisition signal erasable programmable read only memory ROM that can be erased usually by ultraviolet light exposure and reprogrammed equivalent time sampling National Instruments Corporation G 7 DAQScope 5102 User Manual Glossary expansion ROM external trigger F false triggering FET fetch and deposit FIFO filtering flash ADC floating signal sources ft DAQScope 5102 User Manual an onboard
77. lines are available only on the PCI 5102 PXI 5102 and AT 5102 End of Acquisition Indicates end of acquisition to the control logic in the hardware It is generated from a counter that keeps track of the number of points remaining in the acquisition It can be exported from the device on the PFI lines Pretrigger Acquisition In pretrigger acquisition mode the device acquires a certain number of scans called the pretrigger scan count before the trigger occurs After satisfying the pretrigger scan count requirement hardware keeps acquiring data and stores it in a circular buffer implemented in onboard memory The size of the circular buffer equals the pretrigger scan count When the trigger occurs hardware acquires and stores the posttrigger scans and the acquisition terminates Table 4 6 shows the minimum and maximum number of samples available on the DAQScope 5102 in pretriggered mode National Instruments Corporation 4 11 DAQScope 5102 User Manual Chapter 4 Hardware Overview Table 4 6 Possible Number of Samples for Pretriggered Mode PCI 5102 and PXI 5102 AT 5102 DAQCard 5102 and DAQPad 5102 Number of Channels Min Max Min Max One Pretriggered scans 1 663 000 1 663 000 A Posttriggered scans 1 16 777 088 1 663 000 B Two Pretriggered scans 1 331 500 1 331 500 A Posttriggered scans 1 16 777 088 1 331 500 B Dependent on available memory A The number of postt
78. master board to output its internal Start Trigger Stop Trigger Scan Clock and Analog Trigger Circuit Output signals on any of the trigger lines as shown in Figure 4 19 National Instruments Corporation 4 23 DAQScope 5102 User Manual Chapter 4 Hardware Overview Analog Trigger Circuit Output Start RTSI In lt 0 6 gt 74 Trigger Start Trigger Software Selection PFIt PFI2 Analog Trigger Circuit Output Stop RTSI In lt 0 6 gt 4 Trigger Stop Trigger Selection PFI PFI2 RTSI In lt 0 6 gt lt Internal Scan aca Clock Scan Clock PFI1 PFI2 Selection gi Analog Trigger Circuit Output _____ CHO Anal CH1 Trigger Analog Trigger TRIG Circuit Circuit Output RTSI Trigger 0 RTSI Ino m Start Trigger Digital Stop Trigger Mux ___ scan Clock Analog Trigger Circuit Output RTSI Trigger 1 RTSI In 1 bat amas Digital Stop Trigger Mux ___ Scan Clock i Analog Trigger RTSI Trigger 6 Circuit Output Figure 4 19 RTSI Bus Trigger Lines The RTSI bus clock line is a special clock line on the RTSI bus that can carry only the timebase of the master board to the slave board For the smallest jitter between measurements on different boards you should configure the slave devices to use the RTSI bus clock from the master device DAQScope 5102 User Manual 4 24 National Instruments Corporat
79. mith anywhere com as your password The support files and documents are located in the support directories National Instruments Corporation C 1 DAQScope 5102 User Manual Fax on Demand Support Fax on Demand is a 24 hour information retrieval system containing a library of documents on a wide range of technical information You can access Fax on Demand from a touch tone telephone at 512 418 1111 E Mail Support Currently USA Only You can submit technical support questions to the applications engineering team through e mail at the Internet address listed below Remember to include your name address and phone number so we can contact you with solutions and suggestions support natinst com Telephone and Fax Support National Instruments has branch offices all over the world Use the list below to find the technical support number for your country If there is no National Instruments office in your country contact the source from which you purchased your software to obtain support Country Australia Austria Belgium Brazil Canada Ontario Canada Quebec Denmark Finland France Germany Hong Kong Israel Italy Japan Korea Mexico Netherlands Norway Singapore Spain Sweden Switzerland Taiwan United Kingdom United States DAQScope 5102 User Manual Telephone 03 9879 5166 0662 45 79 90 0 02 757 00 20 011 288 3336 905 785 0085 514 694 8521 45 76 26 00 09 725 725 11 01 48 14 24 24 089 741 31 30
80. mple consider the maximum interpolation factor to be 5 If the TDC could output values from 0 to 15 then each logical bin will contain three physical bins as shown in Figure 4 18 Logical Bin Ci i e j Sample i i i Clock 3 Physical Bins 1 Logical Bin Physical Bin Desired Interpolation Factor 5 Max Interpolation Factor 15 Figure 4 18 Relationship between Interpolation Factor Logical Bins and Physical Bins The maximum interpolation factor on the DAQScope 5102 is 50 resulting in a maximum ETS rate of 1 GS s At this rate the ratio of logical bins to physical bins is approximately 1 9 To reconstruct the waveform with RIS you need to know the RIS OFFSET which is the minimum value that the TDC can return and the range of values RIS GAIN which is the maximum TDC value minus the minimum TDC value RIS OFFSET and RIS GAIN may vary slightly from board to board Both these parameters are computed individually for each board at the factory and the values are stored in the onboard EEPROM Use RIS GAIN to determine the number of physical bins per logical bin for the desired interpolation factor You could use RIS OFFSET to start the waveform reconstruction at the origin but this parameter may drift over time and temperature which could result in an inaccurate waveform CF Note ETS and RIS work only with repetitive signals DAQScope 5102 User Manual 4 22 National Inst
81. n cascading C CHO CH1 Glossary byte eight related bits of data an eight bit binary number Also used to denote the amount of memory required to store one byte of data the range of frequencies present in a signal or the range of frequencies to which a measuring device can respond a signal range that includes both positive and negative values for example 5 V to 5 V a type of coaxial signal connector temporary storage for acquired or generated data a high speed data transfer in which the address of the data is sent followed by back to back data words while a physical signal is asserted the group of conductors that interconnect individual circuitry in a computer Typically a bus is the expansion vehicle to which I O or other devices are connected Examples of PC buses are the PCI bus AT bus NuBus Micro Channel and EISA bus a type of a plug in board or controller with the ability to read and write devices on the computer bus Celsius high speed processor memory that buffers commonly used instructions or data to increase processing throughput calibration DAC the process of minimizing measurement errors by making small circuit adjustments process of extending the counting range of a counter chip by connecting to the next higher counter lumped cable capacitance channel number zero channel number one National Instruments Corporation G 3 DAQScope 5102 User Manual Glossary channel Cin circu
82. n the CompactPCI bus Compatible operation is not guaranteed between CompactPCI devices with different sub buses nor between CompactPCI devices with sub buses and PXI The standard implementation for CompactPCI does not include these sub buses Your PXI 5102 device will work in any standard CompactPCI chassis adhering to the PICMG CompactPCI 2 0 R2 1 document PXI specific features RTSI bus trigger RTSI Clock and Serial Communication are implemented on the J2 connector of the CompactPCI bus Table 1 1 lists the J2 pins used by your PXI 5102 device which is compatible with any CompactPCI chassis with a sub bus that does not drive these lines Even if the sub bus is capable of driving these lines the PXI 5102 is still compatible as long as those pins on the sub bus are disabled by default and are never enabled Damage can result if these lines are driven by the sub bus DAQScope 5102 User Manual 1 2 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 1 Introduction Table 1 1 PXI 5102 J2 Pin Assignment PXI 5102 Signal PXI Pin Name PXI J2 Pin Number RTSI Trigger lt 0 5 gt PXI Trigger lt 0 5 gt B16 A16 A17 A18 B18 C18 RTSI Trigger 6 PXI Star D17 RTSI Clock PXI Trigger 7 E16 Serial LBR 6 7 8 9 10 EI5 A3 C3 D3 E3 Communication 11 12 A2 B2 What You Need to Get Started To set up and use your DAQScope 5102 you will need the following Q One of the following DAQScope 5102 device
83. nal Instruments or to comment on our products and manuals The Glossary contains an alphabetical list and description of terms used in this manual including abbreviations acronyms metric prefixes mnemonics and symbols ix DAQScope 5102 User Manual About This Manual e The Jndex contains an alphabetical list of key terms and topics in this manual including the page where you can find each one Conventions Used in This Manual ZN 5102 device bold bold italic DAQScope 5102 digitizer italic monospace NI DAQ DAQScope 5102 User Manual The following conventions are used in this manual The symbol indicates that the text following it applies only to a specific product a specific operating system or a specific software version Angle brackets containing numbers separated by an ellipsis represent a range of values associated with a bit port or signal name for example ACH lt 0 7 gt stands for ACHO through ACH7 This icon to the left of bold italicized text denotes a note which alerts you to important information This icon to the left of bold italicized text denotes a caution which advises you of precautions to take to avoid injury data loss or a system crash 5102 device is a generic term that refers to the DAQScope 5102 devices Bold text denotes menus menu items or dialog box buttons or options Bold italic text denotes a note caution or warning DAQScope 5102 is a generic term that denot
84. nds Adjustable between 800 ns and 6 71 s X Trigger Not Accepted vV Trigger Accepted a Posttriggered Acquisition with Hold off v i xX L Stop i i End of Acquisition Oo TL Hold off Acquisition in Progress i QS Hold off Time in nanoseconds Adjustable between 800 ns and 6 71 s b Pretriggered Acquisition with Hold off Figure 4 16 Pretrigger and Posttrigger Acquisitions with Hold off CFP Note When you use trigger hold off you cannot calibrate your probe or generate an asynchronous frequency at the same time The counter that is used to implement trigger hold off also generates the probe calibration signal and the asynchronous pulse train National Instruments Corporation 4 19 DAQScope 5102 User Manual Chapter 4 Hardware Overview Random Interleaved Sampling DAQScope 5102 User Manual Random Interleaved Sampling RIS is a form of Equivalent Time Sampling ETS that allows acquisition of pretriggered data ETS refers to any method used to sample signals in such a way that the apparent sampling rate is higher than the real sampling rate ETS is accomplished by sampling different points along the waveform for each occurrence of the trigger and then reconstructing the waveform from the data acquired over many cycles In RIS the arrival of the waveform trigger point occurs at some time randomly distributed between two sampling instants The time from the trigger to the next sampling instant is measured and
85. ng low level software calls As shown in Figure 1 1 the DAQScope 5102 Instrument Driver works with LabVIEW LabWindows CVI or conventional programming languages such as C and Visual Basic NI DAQ Driver Software Whether you are using VirtualBench LabVIEW LabWindows CVI ComponentWorks or programming in C using the instrument driver API your application uses the NI DAQ driver software as illustrated in Figure 1 1 The NI DAQ driver software contains all device specific code that is required to program the DAQScope 5102 It also encapsulates the mechanism of communicating to the hardware over different buses like the USB ISA PCI PXI or PCMCIA Optional Equipment National Instruments offers a variety of products to use with your DAQScope 5102 including probes cables and other accessories as follows e Probes with accessories for high voltage applications e Cables for master slave timing and triggering e Cables for external triggering e RTSI bus cables PCI 5102 and AT 5102 only e AUX Interface Cables PXI 5102 only For more specific information about these products refer to your National Instruments catalogue or web site or call the office nearest you National Instruments Corporation 1 7 DAQScope 5102 User Manual Chapter 1 Introduction Unpacking e PCI 5102 PXI 5102 and AT 5102 Your device is shipped in an antistatic package to prevent electrostatic damage to the device Electrostatic disch
86. ng tested National Instruments Corporation 3 11 DAQScope 5102 User Manual Chapter Hardware Overview This chapter includes an overview of the DAQScope 5102 explains the operation of each functional unit making up your DAQScope 5102 and describes the signal connections Figure 4 1 shows a block diagram of the PCI 5102 PXI 5102 and AT 5102 Channel 0 FIFO FIFO enna Shae ebt Data DATA in DATA out annel 0 annel pa gt P Ga alt AC DC Coupling Gain Stage 20 MS s 5 ADC O o x A S v FIFO FIFO Channel 1 DATA in DATAout Data 8 Bit gt x Channel 1 Channel 1 a 20 MS CHT PT acide coupling Gain Stage E gt ADO 3 x FIFO Controls lt 3 B Y 5 Z a E Gain Control i g enone Gain and DATA ou Coupling ADC Control Path Controls PFI pe gt gt tO PFI Module PFI2 i _______ Timing FIFO R Module Control Poland Serial COMM AT 5102 Serial Controls A te Only Serial DACs 1 Expansion 7 gt Analog Trigger ena Bus Interface Expansion Bus Data and Control Signal Module Se ae aie i RTSI Control 5 NZ EEPROM 5isl 3 5 PANS 2 SG ojl o Ss oc
87. nt terminology and how to use your probe Understanding Digitizers To understand how digitizers work you should be familiar with the Nyquist theorem and how it affects analog bandwidth and sample rate You should also understand vertical sensitivity analog to digital converter ADC resolution record length and triggering options Nyquist Theorem The Nyquist theorem states that a signal must be sampled at least twice as fast as the bandwidth of the signal to accurately reconstruct the waveform otherwise the high frequency content will alias at a frequency inside the spectrum of interest passband An alias is a false lower frequency component that appears in sampled data acquired at too low a sampling rate Figure 3 1 shows a5 MHz sine wave digitized by a6 MS s ADC The dotted line indicates the aliased signal recorded by the ADC at that sample TALL TT Figure 3 1 Sine Wave Demonstrating the Nyquist Frequency The 5 MHz frequency aliases back in the passband falsely appearing as if it were a 1 MHz sine wave To prevent aliasing in the passband a lowpass filter limits the frequency content of the input signal above the Nyquist rate National Instruments Corporation 3 1 DAQScope 5102 User Manual Chapter 3 Digitizer Basics Analog Bandwidth Analog bandwidth describes the frequency range in hertz in which a signal can be digitized accurately This limitation is determined by the inherent frequency resp
88. nts are stored in nonvolatile memory The Plug and Play services query the device National Instruments Corporation 2 5 DAQScope 5102 User Manual Chapter 2 Installation and Configuration read the information and arbitrate resource allocation for items such as base address interrupt level and DMA channel After assigning these resources the operating system enables the device for operation Power Considerations DAQPad 5102 Only The DAQPad 5 102 remains powered up only when the USB cable connects it to the host computer and the computer is powered up The host computer has the ability to go into a low power suspend mode During this time the DAQPad 5 102 can go into a low power mode or remain in a fully powered static state The advantage of low power mode is that it conserves power This mode is important if you are using a battery pack even though all of the analog and digital circuitry is powered off The powered static state offers the ability to continue signal generation on PFI1 and PFI2 as well as to preserve the gain and coupling settings for channels in use When the DAQPad 5102 exits the powered static state NI DAQ applies the default settings to the device This stops signal generation on PFI1 or PFI2 and returns the gain and coupling selections to their default values i Note Refer to the Set_DAQ_Device_Info function in the NI DAQ Function Reference Manual for PC Compatibles to change the settings that det
89. onse of the input path from the tip of the probe to the input of the ADC which causes loss of amplitude and phase information Analog bandwidth is the frequency at which the measured amplitude is 3 dB below the actual amplitude of the signal This amplitude loss occurs at very low frequencies if the signal is AC coupled and at very high frequencies regardless of coupling When the signal is DC coupled the bandwidth of the amplifier will extend all the way to the DC voltage Figure 3 2 illustrates the effect of analog bandwidth on a high frequency signal The result is a loss of high frequency components and amplitude in the original signal as the signal passes through the instrument Input Signal Sample Rate DAQScope 5102 User Manual Bandwidth Instrument Measured Signal Figure 3 2 Analog Bandwidth Sample rate is the rate at which a signal is sampled and digitized by an ADC According to the Nyquist theorem a higher sample rate produces accurate measurement of higher frequency signals if the analog bandwidth is wide enough to let the signal to pass through without attenuation A higher sample rate also captures more waveform details Figure 3 3 illustrates a 1 MHz sine wave sampled by a 2 MS s ADC and a 20 MS s ADC The faster ADC digitizes 20 points per cycle of the input signal compared with 2 points per cycle with the slower ADC In this example the higher sample rate more accurately captures the wave
90. oping back to point B in the flowchart instead of point A 2 Increase the timeout value to ensure that the external trigger event is not missed Initialize Board Program Static Hold off Async Frequency Registers Trigger Conditions A Probe Compensation Gain and Coupling cs Reset Timing Engine lt B Timeout Load Counters Number Points to Acquire Sample Rate y Arm Counters Wait for Trigger Here 7 Accept Trigger Acquisition y Triggered In Progress Move Data to Host Data Unload ___ Move Data to Host Phase y Reprogramming Phase Figure 4 20 Retriggered Acquisition Programming Flowchart DAQScope 5102 User Manual 4 30 National Instruments Corporation Appendix Specifications This appendix lists the specifications of the DAQScope 5102 These specifications are typical at 25 C unless otherwise stated The operating temperature range is 0 to 50 C Input Characteristics Number of input channels 0 2 single ended simultaneously sampled Input impedance eeeeeesseeeseceeeeeees 1 MQ 1 in parallel with 25 pF 10 pF Impedance increases with attenuating probes CHO CH1 TRIG ADC resolution cc ccccccesssececeeesseeeeeees 8 bits 1 in 256 Maximum sample rate Internal peig tri 20 MS s each channel in realtime mode External sample clock 20 MS s Minimum high or low time 24 ns RIS mode
91. ot insertion you may insert or remove the DAQCard 5102 at any time whether the computer is powered on or off 2 Remove the PCMCIA slot cover on your computer 3 Insert the 68 pin I O connector of the DAQCard 5 102 into the PCMCIA slot The card is keyed so that you can insert it only one way 4 Attach the PSH32 C5 I O cable shown in Figure 4 4 to the PC Card to provide BNC connectivity The cable connector latches into the DAQCard 5102 The other end of the cable assembly is a panel to which you can connect standard probes and cables When plugging and unplugging the cable always grasp the cable by the connector Never pull directly on the cable to unplug it from the DAQCard 5102 The DAQCard 5102 is now installed DAQPad 5102 You can attach your DAQPad 5102 in any available high power USB port A high power port can supply 500 mA If you attach your DAQPad 5102 to a low power port it may not function To determine the type of ports on your computer or USB hub refer its documentation The following are National Instruments Corporation 2 3 DAQScope 5102 User Manual Chapter 2 Installation and Configuration general installation instructions but consult your PC user manual or technical reference manual for specific instructions and warnings Note To ensure proper operation of the DAQPad 5102 follow the instructions in the sequence shown Otherwise the device won t initialize properly and you may have to flip the DAQPad d
92. programmed number of samples after trigger conditions are met an electrical device the resistance of which can be manually adjusted used for manual adjustment of electrical circuits and as a transducer for linear or rotary position parts per million the technique used on a DAQ board to keep a continuous buffer filled with data so that when the trigger conditions are met the sample includes the data leading up to the trigger condition adjusting the tunable probe capacitor to get a flat frequency response the exact sequence of bits characters and control codes used to transfer data between computers and peripherals through a communications channel such as the GPIB bus points multiple pulses a form of counter signal generation by which a pulse is outputted when a counter reaches a certain value PCI eXtensions for Instrumentation an open specification that builds off the CompactPCI specification by adding instrumentation specific features G 14 National Instruments Corporation R RAM real time record length referenced signal sources referenced single ended measurement system relative accuracy resolution RIS RIS GAIN RIS OFFSET rise time National Instruments Corporation Glossary random access memory a property of an event or system in which data is processed as it is acquired instead of being accumulated and processed at a later time the amount of memory dedicated to storing digi
93. r application requires more than two channels for data acquisition you can synchronize multiple devices on all platforms using RTSI bus triggers on devices that use the RTSI bus or the PFI digital triggers on the T O connector The PXI 5102 uses the PXI trigger bus for multiboard synchronization Unless otherwise noted any discussion of RTSI trigger bus is also applicable to PXI trigger bus for the PXI 5102 in this manual National Instruments Corporation 1 1 DAQScope 5102 User Manual Chapter 1 Introduction To improve timing resolution for repetitive signals you can use RIS on your DAQScope 5102 This method of sampling allows you to view pretrigger data and achieve an effective sampling rate as high as 1 GS s 50 times the real time sampling rate on the device Detailed specifications of the DAQScope 5102 devices are in Appendix A Specifications Using PXI with CompactPCI PXI 5102 Only Using PXI compatible products with standard CompactPCI products is an important feature provided by the PXI Specification rev 1 0 If you use a PXI compatible plug in device in a standard CompactPCI chassis you will be unable to use PX specific functions but you can still use the basic plug in device functions For example the PXI trigger bus on your PXI 5102 device is available in a PXI chassis but not in a CompactPCI chassis The CompactPCI specification permits vendors to develop sub buses that coexist with the basic PCI interface o
94. rammable hysteresis values trigger hold off and bilevel triggering on input channels as well as on a dedicated trigger channel The DAQScope 5102 also has two digital triggers that give you more flexibility in triggering by allowing you to connect a TTL CMOS digital signal to trigger the acquisition See Chapter 4 Hardware Overview for more information on triggering Making Accurate Measurements For accurate measurements you should use the right settings when acquiring data with your DAQScope 5102 Knowing the characteristics of the signal in consideration helps you to choose the correct settings Such characteristics include e Peak to peak value This parameter in units of volts reflects the maximum change in signal voltage If V is the signal voltage at any given time then Vpk to pk Vmax V min The peak to peak value affects the vertical sensitivity or gain of the input amplifier If you do not know the peak to peak value start with the smallest gain maximum input range and increase it until the waveform is digitized using the maximum dynamic range without clipping the signal Refer to Appendix A Specifications for the maximum input voltage for your DAQScope 5102 device Figure 3 5 shows that a gain of 5 is the best setting to digitize a 300 mV 1 MHz sine wave without clipping the signal National Instruments Corporation 3 5 DAQScope 5102 User Manual Chapter 3 Digitizer Basics 127 LSB 0 LSB 128 LSB
95. riggered scans B The number of pretriggered scans Note operation DAQScope 5102 User Manual 4 12 If Scan Clock is externally supplied a free running clock must be used for proper National Instruments Corporation Chapter 4 Hardware Overview Figure 4 9 shows the relevant timing signals for a typical pretriggered acquisition The illustration represents five pretrigger and five posttrigger scans and above high level analog triggering is used See the Analog Trigger Circuit section later in this chapter for more information on analog trigger types Start Trigger First Scan First Posttrigger Scan Scan Clock Scan Counter Terminal Count Stop Trigger 1 End of Acquisition Trigger Level ee c Points Discarded Five Pretrigger Five Posttrigger Points Stored x Discarded Points e Pretrigger Points m Posttrigger Points Figure 4 9 Pretrigger Acquisition National Instruments Corporation 4 13 DAQScope 5102 User Manual Chapter 4 Hardware Overview Table 4 7 describes the pretrigger acquisition signals Table 4 7 Pretrigger Acquisition Signals Signal Description Start Trigger Starts data acquisition In pretrigger mode the Start Trigger signal enables the storage of pretrigger data Start Trigger can only be generated through sof
96. rror Of the three resources used memory I O interrupts I O conflicts will be low You can use the NI DAQ Configuration Utility in Windows to diagnose I O space conflicts When you have configured the NI DAQ Configuration Utility for a particular I O space save the configuration If there is a conflict the configuration utility will attempt to report an error describing the conflict How do I find usable interrupt levels Some utilities such as MSD EXE will scan the system and display information about what is using hardware interrupts If you have such a utility you can run it to determine what interrupts Card Services can use Card Services needs an interrupt for itself as well as one interrupt for each PCMCIA socket in the system For example in a system with two PCMCIA sockets at least three interrupts should be allocated for use by Card Services Keep in mind that utilities such as MSD EXE will sometimes report that an interrupt is in use when it really is not For example if the computer has one serial port COM1 and one parallel port LPT 1 you know that IRQs 4 and 7 are probably in use In general IRQS is used for LPT2 but if the computer does not have two parallel ports IRQ5 should be usable IRQ3 is used for COM2 but if the computer has only has one serial port IRQ3 should be usable Iran a memory utility and it appears there is no memory available for Card Services What should I do
97. ruments products are NOT intended to be a substitute for any form of established process procedure or equipment used to monitor or safeguard human health and safety in medical or clinical treatment Contents About This Manual Organization of This Manual isseire R A E EE ix Conventions Used in This Manual ccccccescccesssceseneceseeceeeseecsesaeecseeeensesesseaeeesneeeees x National Instruments Documentation cccccessceceesecesesceceseececesseceseacessseeesesaeesseeeens xi Related Documentation nesesite iiaee eE EEEE I er ike reres xi Customer Communication cccccccesscessseecsssceesseecsesececsececesseeecesaeceseeecesaeseneeaeeeseesenes xii Chapter 1 Introduction About Your DAQScope 5102 vsineseenieeseriir reret t erien e e Ese nerie eK veest eoi 1 1 Using PXI with CompactPE Deena ea aao aree he Epea aE a Ee TE E E T a e 1 2 What You Need to Get Started 2 0 0 ccc cccscecsssceeesseecsesececeececeeececnsceseseeeecssaesesesaeeeeneeenes 1 3 Software Programming CHOICES 0 0 0 0 n E E E RA 1 4 National Instruments Application Software esseseeeesseeessseeeeseeseseeerrrrsserrrseeees 1 5 DAQScope 5102 Instrument Driver eee ceeeeeeceeeeeeceeeeeeeeseeenecaeeeaeenes 1 7 NI DAQ Driver Software cccccccsscesssseceesseeceececessececseaececeeeeceaeeecssaeeeseeeenas 1 7 Optional Eg ipment ie ee a e A R O A de Wik E RER 1 7 UU rnpackin gis sric5 o n n a a e eh ite E a T a a ss oe eee AE eee 1 8 C
98. ruments Corporation Chapter 4 Hardware Overview Calibration Calibration is the process of minimizing measurement errors by making small circuit adjustments On the DAQScope 5102 NI DAQ automatically makes these adjustments by retrieving precalculated values from the onboard EEPROM and writing them to calibration DACs CalDACs All DAQScope 5102 devices are factory calibrated to the levels indicated in Appendix A Specifications Factory calibration involves nulling input offset output offset and gain errors on CHO and CH1 and measuring RIS offset and RIS gain of the TDC all at room temperature 25 C These constants are stored in a write protected area in the EEPROM Factory calibration may not be sufficient for some applications where different environmental conditions and the aging factor could induce inaccuracy To recalibrate your DAQScope 5102 you can contact National Instruments or use the DAQScope 5102 calibration software shipped with NI DAQ RTS Bus Trigger and Clock Lines PCI 5102 and AT 5102 The RTSI bus not available on the DAQCard 5102 or DAQPad 5102 allows National Instruments boards to synchronize timing and triggering on multiple devices The RTSI bus has seven bidirectional trigger lines and one bidirectional clock signal You can program any of the seven trigger lines as inputs to provide Start Trigger Stop Trigger and Scan Clock signals sourced from a master board Similarly you can program a
99. s PCI 5102 PXI 5102 AT 5102 DAQCard 5102 DAQPad 5102 D Q DAQScope 5102 User Manual VirtualBench Scope VirtualBench DSA LabVIEW LabWindows CVI ComponentWorks Measure DAQScope 5102 Instrument Driver National Instruments Corporation NI DAQ for PC compatibles version 5 0 or later Q One of the following software packages and documentation DAQScope 5102 User Manual Chapter 1 Introduction CL Cables and accessories Two SP200B 10X 1X selectable oscilloscope probes SMB100 cable and screwdriver for probe compensation PSH32 C5 I O cable assembly DAQCard 5102 only DAQPad 5102 power supply and USB cable DAQPad 5102 only U Vinyl pouch for storing cables and accessories DAQCard 5102 only Q Your computer Software Programming Choices DAQScope 5102 User Manual There are several options to choose from when programming your National Instruments DAQScope 5102 If you are using the DAQScope 5102 as a general purpose oscilloscope you should use VirtualBench to make measurements out of the box without writing a single line of code However if you want to integrate the DAQScope 5102 in your test and measurement application you can program the device using LabVIEW LabWindows CVI C C ComponentWorks for Visual Basic or Measure for MS Excel Figure 1 1 illustrates this relationship 1 4 National Instruments Corporation
100. s one about your system configuration to answer your questions as quickly as possible National Instruments has technical assistance through electronic fax and telephone systems to quickly provide the information you need Our electronic services include a bulletin board service an FTP site a fax on demand system and e mail support If you have a hardware or software problem first try the electronic support systems If the information available on these systems does not answer your questions we offer fax and telephone support through our technical support centers which are staffed by applications engineers Electronic Services Bulletin Board Support National Instruments has BBS and FTP sites dedicated for 24 hour support with a collection of files and documents to answer most common customer questions From these sites you can also download the latest instrument drivers updates and example programs For recorded instructions on how to use the bulletin board and FTP services and for BBS automated information call 512 795 6990 You can access these services at United States 512 794 5422 Up to 14 400 baud 8 data bits 1 stop bit no parity United Kingdom 01635 551422 Up to 9 600 baud 8 data bits 1 stop bit no parity France 01 48 65 15 59 Up to 9 600 baud 8 data bits 1 stop bit no parity FTP Support To access our FTP site log on to our Internet host ftp natinst com as anonymous and use your Internet address such as joes
101. s track of points remaining to acquire It can be exported from the device on the PFI lines DAQScope 5102 User Manual 4 14 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 4 Hardware Overview Trigger Sources The Scan Clock Start Trigger and Stop Trigger signals can be generated through software or supplied externally as digital triggers or as analog triggers on one of the input channels or the TRIG channel Figure 4 10 shows the different trigger sources In addition Scan Clock is available from a source counter internal to the DAQScope 5102 Programmable Gain Amplfier CHO Gain ADC 0 Programmable Gain Amplifier EA t CH1 4 Gain lt ADC 1 COMP i Analog Trigger Analog Circuit Output Analog Trigger gt Buffer Analog Circuit Mux TRIG COMP Low _ l Level a Analog Trigger Circuit Software Analog Trigger Circuit Output Digital RTSI lt 0 6 gt Mux Start Trigger Where Available 7 PFI1 PFI2 5 Internal Scan Analog Trigger Digital Circuit Output Scan Clock Mux Stop Trigger PFI1 PFI2 A RTSI lt 0 6 gt Where Available b Trigger Sources c Scan Clock Sources Figure 4 10 Scan Clock Start Trigger and Stop Trigger Signal Sources National Instruments Corporation 4 15 DAQScope 5102 User Manual Chapter 4 Hardware Overview Analog Trigger Circuit DAQScope 5102 User Manual The DAQScope 5102
102. s you would with a standard oscilloscope or a DSA instrument National Instruments Corporation 1 5 DAQScope 5102 User Manual Chapter 1 Introduction LabVIEW and LabWindows CVI are innovative program development software packages for data acquisition and control applications LabVIEW uses graphical programming whereas LabWindows CVI enhances traditional programming languages Both packages include extensive libraries for data acquisition instrument control data analysis and graphical data presentation LabVIEW features interactive graphics a state of the art user interface and a powerful graphical programming language You can program the DAQScope 5102 in LabVIEW through an instrument driver application programming interface API for quick application development or use the LabVIEW Data Acquisition VI Library a series of VIs for using LabVIEW with National Instruments DAQ hardware for increased flexibility and control LabWindows CVI features interactive graphics a state of the art user interface and uses the ANSI standard C programming language The LabWindows CVI Data Acquisition Library a series of functions for using LabWindows CVI with National Instruments DAQ hardware is included with the NI DAQ software kit CF Note DAQScope 5102 devices can use only the easy I O interface under data acquisition in LabWindows CVI The easy I O interface provides limited functionality in CVI To use the DAQScope 5102 to its full capabil
103. sfer rate of 132 Mbytes s an expansion bus architecture that has found widespread acceptance as a de facto standard in notebook size computers It originated as a specification for add on memory cards written by the Personal Computer Memory Card International Association a measure of signal amplitude the difference between the highest and lowest excursions of the signal picofarads programmable function input DAQScope 5102 User Manual Glossary PGIA pipeline Plug and Play devices Plug and Play ISA port postriggering potentiometer ppm pretriggering probe compensation protocol pts pulse trains pulsed output PXI DAQScope 5102 User Manual programmable gain instrumentation amplifier a high performance processor structure in which the completion of an instruction is broken into its elements so that several elements can be processed simultaneously from different instructions devices that do not require DIP switches or jumpers to configure resources on the devices also called switchless devices a specification prepared by Microsoft Intel and other PC related companies that will result in PCs with plug in boards that can be fully configured in software without jumpers or switches on the boards 1 acommunications connection on a computer or a remote controller 2 a digital port consisting of four or eight lines of digital input and or output the technique used on a DAQ board to acquire a
104. signal connections 4 5 to 4 6 signal shape general 3 7 to 3 8 software installation 2 1 software programming choices 1 4 to 1 7 DAQScope 5102 Instrument Driver 1 7 National Instruments application software 1 5 to 1 6 NI DAQ driver software 1 7 source impedance 3 6 to 3 7 specifications analog trigger A 3 to A 4 digital triggers PFI1 and PFI2 A 4 dynamic characteristics A 3 environment A 5 input characteristics A 1 to A 2 physical A 5 power consumption A 5 RTSI triggers A 4 stability A 3 transfer characteristics A 2 triggers A 3 to A 4 stability specifications A 3 Start Trigger signal description posttrigger acquisition table 4 11 pretrigger acquisition table 4 14 PFI lines as input 4 25 PFI lines as output 4 25 posttrigger acquisition figure 4 10 pretrigger acquisition figure 4 13 trigger sources figure 4 15 Stop Trigger signal description table 4 14 PFI lines as input 4 25 DAQScope 5102 User Manual Index PFI lines as output 4 25 trigger sources figure 4 15 suspended state DAQPad 5102 2 6 system requirements 1 3 to 1 4 T technical support C 1 to C 2 telephone and fax support C 2 time to digital converter TDC 4 21 to 4 22 TRIG signal description 4 5 input range 4 7 software programmable coupling selection 4 7 trigger sources figure 4 15 trigger circuit analog 4 16 to 4 18 above high level analog triggering mode figure 4 16 below low level analog tr
105. t driving ability of voltage sources lower is better and the voltage driving ability of current sources higher is better SPICLK Serial Peripheral Interface Clock signal S s samples per second used to express the rate at which a DAQ board samples an analog signal National Instruments Corporation G 17 DAQScope 5102 User Manual Glossary Start Trigger STC switchless device synchronous system noise system RAM TC TDC T H time constant transfer rate TRIG trigger trigger hold off TTL DAQScope 5102 User Manual start trigger signal system timing controller devices that do not require dip switches or jumpers to configure resources on the devices also called Plug and Play devices 1 hardware a property of an event that is synchronized to a reference clock 2 software a property of a function that begins an operation and returns only when the operation is complete a measure of the amount of noise seen by an analog circuit or an ADC when the analog inputs are grounded RAM installed on a personal computer and used by the operating system as contrasted with onboard RAM terminal count the highest value of a counter time to digital converter track and hold a circuit that tracks an analog voltage and holds the value on command a measure of a system s response time the rate measured in bytes s at which data is moved from source to destination after software initialization and set
106. this measurement allows the waveform to be reconstructed Figure 4 17 shows three occurrences of a waveform In Frame 1 the dotted points are sampled and the trigger occurs time t before the next sample In Frame 2 the square points are sampled and the trigger occurs time t before the next sample In Frame 3 the triangular points are sampled and the trigger occurs time t3 before the next sample With knowledge of the three times t4 ty and tz you can reconstruct the waveform as if it had been sampled at a higher rate as shown at the bottom of the figure 4 20 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 4 Hardware Overview Frame 1 Frame 2 Frame 3 Figure 4 17 Waveform Reconstruction with RIS The time measurement is made with a time to digital converter TDC The resolution of the TDC is the number of physical bins to which the TDC can quantize the trigger arrival time This resolution should be several times higher than the maximum desired interpolation factor which is the maximum number of logical bins to which you want the trigger arrival time quantized The higher resolution ensures that when the TDC output is requantized to the desired interpolation factor all output values have a roughly equal probability of occurrence that is all logical bins will contain approximately the same number of physical bins National Instruments Corporation 4 21 DAQScope 5102 User Manual Chapter 4 Hardware Overview For exa
107. tized samples for postscripting or display In a digitizer this limits the maximum duration of a single shot acquisition signal sources with voltage signals that are referenced to a system ground such as the earth or a building ground Also called grounded signal sources all measurements are made with respect to a common reference measurement system or a ground Also called a grounded measurement system a measure in LSB of the accuracy of an ADC It includes all nonlinearity and quantization errors It does not include offset and gain errors of the circuitry feeding the ADC the smallest signal increment that can be detected by a measurement system Resolution can be expressed in bits in proportions or in percent of full scale For example a system has 12 bit resolution one part in 4 096 resolution and 0 0244 percent of full scale input resistance random interleaved sampling the range of values that TDC can return the maximum TDC value minus the minimum TDC value the minimum value that the TDC can return the difference in time between the 10 and 90 points of a system s step response root mean square a measure of signal amplitude the square root of the average value of the square of the instantaneous signal amplitude G 15 DAQScope 5102 User Manual Glossary ROM RSE RTSI bus s S sample counter sample rate scan scan clock Scan Clock SCANCLK scan rate SC_TC DAQScope 5102 User Manual
108. truments documentation xi organization of manual ix x related documentation xi E electronic support services C 1 to C 2 e mail support C 2 End of Acquisition signal description posttrigger acquisition table 4 11 pretrigger acquisition table 4 14 PFI lines as output 4 26 posttrigger acquisition figure 4 10 pretrigger acquisition figure 4 13 environment specifications A 5 equipment optional 1 7 Equivalent Time Sampling ETS 4 20 National Instruments Corporation F fax and telephone support C 2 Fax on Demand support C 2 Frequency Output signal PFI lines as output 4 26 FTP support C 1 G general signal shape 3 7 to 3 8 H hardware configuration 2 5 to 2 6 installation See installation hardware overview acquisition modes 4 9 to 4 14 posttrigger acquisition 4 9 to 4 11 pretrigger acquisition 4 11 to 4 14 ADC pipeline delay 4 8 to 4 9 analog input 4 7 to 4 19 analog trigger circuit 4 16 to 4 18 block diagrams DAQCard 5102 and DAQPad 5 102 4 2 PCI 5102 PXI 5102 and AT 5102 4 1 calibration 4 23 I O connectors 4 2 to 4 5 master slave operation 4 27 to 4 29 missing triggers 4 30 PFI lines 4 25 to 4 27 programming process for retriggered acquisition 4 30 Random Interleaved Sampling 4 20 to 4 22 RTSI trigger and clock lines 4 23 to 4 25 signal connections 4 5 to 4 6 trigger hold off 4 18 to 4 19 trigger sources 4 15 National Instruments Corporation l 3
109. ture eee eee Relative humidity eee eeeeeseeceeees National Instruments Corporation A 5 Appendix A Specifications 500 mA typ 550 mA typ 300 mA typ 260 mA typ active 60 mA standby 250 mA max 2 W max Type II 10 67 by 17 45 cm 4 2 by 6 87 in 10 00 by 17 00 cm 3 94 by 6 69 in 10 67 by 17 45 cm 4 2 by 6 87 in 14 6 by 21 3 by 3 8 cm 5 8 by 8 4 by 1 5 in 0 to 55 C 55 to 150 C 5 to 90 noncondensing DAQScope 5102 User Manual PC Card Questions and Answers for Windows 3 1 Configuration Appendix This appendix contains a list of common questions and answers relating to PC Card PCMCIA operation The questions are grouped according to the type of information requested You may find this information useful if you are having difficulty with the PCMCIA system software configuration and you are using Windows 3 1 What operating system should I use with my PC Cards The PC Card should work with Windows 3 x Windows 95 and Windows NT We strongly recommend that you use Windows 95 or Windows NT 4 0 or later Do I need to use my PCMCIA configuration utility to configure the National Instruments PC Cards No We recommend that you do not configure our PC Cards using PC Card Control or an equivalent PC Card configuration utility Use the configuration utilities included with the NI DAQ driver software to properly configure your DAQCard The appropriate utility is
110. tware in pretrigger mode Scan Clock Causes the ADC to convert the input signal into digital data This signal is also used in the memory controller to write the data into onboard memory This signal can be generated internally with a 24 bit down counter clocked with a 20 MHz signal to generate pulses from 20 MHz to 1 19 Hz The 24 bit counter provides a wide choice of valid frequencies for the Scan Clock signal In addition Scan Clock can also be selected from CHO CH1 TRIG PFI1 and PFI2 or any of the seven RTSI bus trigger lines RTSI bus trigger lines are available only on the PCI 5102 PXI 5102 and AT 5102 Scan Counter Is an internally generated signal that pulses once to indicate that the Terminal Count pretrigger sample count requirement is met Between the time when this signal pulses and the Stop Trigger occurs hardware overwrites the oldest points in memory with the most recent points in a circular fashion All STOP triggers occurring before Scan Counter Terminal Count are ignored by the device Stop Trigger Terminates the acquisition sequence after acquiring the posttrigger sample count This trigger can be generated through software or CHO CH1 TRIG PFI and PFI2 or any of the seven RTSI bus trigger lines RTSI bus trigger lines are available only on the PCI 5102 PXI 5102 and AT 5102 End of Acquisition Indicates end of acquisition to the control logic in the hardware It is generated from a counter that keep
111. uments Corporation 4 17 DAQScope 5102 User Manual Chapter 4 Hardware Overview Trigger Hold off DAQScope 5102 User Manual In low hysteresis analog triggering mode the trigger is generated when the signal value is less than lowValue with hysteresis specified by high Value highValue _ Chuan nied Vi exten agate toes lowValue _ _ n___ SIO RS Sagan Rest eyes aos Trigger Figure 4 15 Low Hysteresis Analog Triggering Mode Trigger hold off is provided in hardware using a 24 bit down counter clocked by a 2 5 MHz internal timebase With this configuration you can select a hardware hold off value of 800 ns to 6 71 s in increments of 400 ns When acquisition is in progress the counter is loaded with a digital value that corresponds to the desired hold off time The End of Acquisition signal triggers the counter to start counting down Before the counter reaches its terminal count TC all triggers are rejected in hardware At TC the hold off counter reloads the hold off value and waits for the End of 4 18 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 4 Hardware Overview Acquisition to repeat the process Figure 4 16 shows a timing diagram of signals when hold off is enabled V 1 X x x oO Start i i End of Acquisition M i Hold off I 1 Hold off Time in nanoseco
112. up operations the maximum rate at which the hardware can operate a trigger channel any event that causes or starts some form of data capture a signal processing technique that lets you specify a time from the trigger event to ignore additional triggers that fall within that time transistor transistor logic G 18 National Instruments Corporation U unipolar update update rate V Voc VDMAD vertical sensitivity VI National Instruments Corporation G 19 Glossary a signal range that is always positive for example 0 to 10 V the output equivalent of a scan One or more analog or digital output samples Typically the number of output samples in an update is equal to the number of channels in the output group For example one pulse from the update clock produces one update that sends one new sample to every analog output channel in the group the number of output updates per second volts volts direct current virtual DMA driver describes the smallest input voltage change the digitizer can capture virtual instrument 1 a combination of hardware and or software elements typically used with a PC that has the functionality of a classic stand alone instrument 2 a LabVIEW software module VI which consists of a front panel user interface and a block diagram program volts input high volts input low volts in volts output volts output high volts output low the maximum signal voltage minus t
113. uration a oe GS 7 8 9 Write down the DAQScope 5102 serial number on the DAQScope 5102 Hardware and Software Configuration Form in Appendix C Customer Communication You may need this serial number for future reference if you need to contact technical support Turn off your computer Remove the top cover or access port to the I O channel Remove the expansion slot cover on the back panel of the computer For the PCI 5102 insert the card into a PCI slot For the AT 5102 insert the card into a 16 bit ISA slot It may be a tight fit but do not force the device into place Screw the mounting bracket of the DAQScope 5102 to the back panel rail of the computer Check the installation Replace the cover Turn on your computer The PCI 5102 or AT 5102 is now installed PXI 5102 You can install the PXI 5102 in any available 5 V slot in your PXI or CompactPCI chassis i Note The PXI 5102 has connections to several reserved lines on the CompactPCI J2 connector Before installing a PXI 5102 in a CompactPCI system that uses J2 connector lines for purposes other than PXI see Using PXI with CompactPCI in Chapter 1 Introduction of this manual 1 2 DAQScope 5102 User Manual Turn off and unplug your PXI or CompactPCI chassis Choose an unused PXI or CompactPCI 5 V peripheral slot For maximum performance install the PXI 5102 in a slot that supports bus arbitration or bus master cards The PXI 5102 contains onboard

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DAQScope™ 5102 User Manual