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Secure E-Exam Scheme - International Journal of Science and

1. private key m message s digital signature h secure one way hash function Id exam identifier i Sub index identifies the signature value c encrypted message m J Sub index identifies the encrypted value T e ee a a 10 e d lecturer s key pair 11 e d student s key pair 12 e d trusted authority s key pair 3 2 Exam Initialization The lecturer and the trusted authority should do the following to setup the exam Protocol The lecturer should do the following 1 Find the unique exam d produced by the following information Subject name Subject code semester exam date S 8 Nar amp fixed time to answer the exam e u exam serial number Suggest the exam questions q Find the signature of Id qd Finds d Ud q Encrypt Ud q s with trusted authority public key e Compute c 4 e Ud q S11 Verify c by the key pair ez dz Nu DAUN Post c41 to the trusted authority The trusted authority does the following 1 Decryptc by d to get d q 5 1 2 Check the signature sz with the lecturer s public key ez 3 Keep c in a secure manner 3 3 Exam Description The student lecturer and trusted authority use the protocol 2 to do the following Protocol 2 1 The lecturer issues an exam identifier Id 2 The student confirms himself by the key pair e dz 3 The student requests for an exam Zd from the tru
2. q Id s 1 w 8V Encrypt g Ids 1 W 8 Saas S75 wath e NI DW NA A W N Computec 45 e g Id 5 1 wW ols ja S75 8 Pass c 5 to the trusted authority 4 The trusted authority performs the following steps 1 Decryptc with di to get q 108 aE 844 575 2 Check the eT a eW 3 Get cy corresponds toc y signatures 5 1 544 5 5 Using 4 Keep c4 35 8 Jand by g get_c 43 Connected toc 4 it means the student s solution 5 Decrypt c y 3 With d4 to get q Id Sri 81W S52 6 Encrypt q Id S11 8 W V S529515 with es 7 Compute cy 6 es q Id S11 8 W V585 9 575 8 Keep cs 6 d g in a secure manner 3 5 Exam Scores The student gets exam score by applying the protocol 4 The steps of the protocol 4 are as follows Protocol 4 1 The student confirms himself to the trusted authority using the key pair e d 2 The student requests from the trusted authority the score of the answer g 3 The trusted authority does the following steps 1 Check if gbelongs to the student that has been confirmed 2 Get cg that had been kept 3 Pass cy to the student 4 The student gets the grade v as follows 1 Decrypt C56 with d to get Qld Sr PEW V S5 9 87 95 ts 2 Check the signatures 57 955 5 5 with e e5 e 3 6 Exam Revision The student can request for exam grade revision using protocol 5 as follows Protocol 5 1 The student performs the following steps 1 Co
3. the authenticate student Secrecy 1 The lecturer encrypts an exam questions in step 4 5 2 in protocol 2 using a trusted authority public key The trusted authority private key is required to get back the exam questions and this key is limited for the trusted authority The trusted authority passes an exam questions to the student in step 4 3 3 of protocol 2 when a student is enrolled in an exam subject and when the present time and date are in a determined time to solution an exam steps 4 1 and 4 2 of the protocol 2 2 The lecturer can send the exam answer to the trusted authority using an alteration of protocol 1 thus the answer is encrypted and only can be got by the trusted authority 3 In step 5 6 of protocol 2 the student encrypts his solution using the trusted authority public key However the exam solution can be got by the trusted authority only Afterward the trusted authority encrypts an exam solution by the lecturer s public key in step 6 4 7 The lecturer gets the encrypted exam solution in step 3 We conclude that the students solutions are kept secret thus only the lecturer and the trusted authority have access to them 4 The trusted authority validates the student in step 1 of protocol 4 and checks that he is the owner of asolution g in step 3 of protocol 4 When the verification succeeds the trusted authority sends cs to the student The cz exam grade encrypted by the student s public key
4. security in e learning International Journal of Distance Education 1 4 2003 5 G Kambourakis K D P N A Rouskas and S Gritzalis A pki approach for deploying modern secure distributed e learning and m learning environments Computers amp Education Volume 48 Issue 1 pp 1 16 January 2007 6 British Colombia Electronic Provincial Examinations System User Manual Grade 10 11 and 12 e Administration and Grade 10 and 11 e Marking Technical Support A Willock Information Systems 1 866 558 5339 toll free Last update March 21 2014 7 Naresh Chiranji CH Deepthi T P Shekhar A Novel Approach to Enhance Security for Online Exams International Journal of Computer Science and technology ISCST Volume 2 Issue 3 pp 85 89 2011 Author Profile Sattar J Aboud received his Master degree in 1982 and a PhD in 1988 in the area of computing system 4 The two degrees were awarded from U K In 1990 he e BD joined the Institute of Technical Foundation in Iraq as an assistant professor In 1995 he joined the Philadelphia University in Jordan as a chairman of computer science department Then he moved as a professor at the Middle East University for Graduate Studies Amman Jordan Currently he is a visiting professor at university of Bedfordshire in UK His research interests include areas like public key cryptography digital signatures identification and authentication and networks security He has supervised nu
5. International Journal of Science and Research IJSR ISSN Online 2319 7064 Impact Factor 2012 3 358 Secure E Exam Scheme Sattar J Aboud University of Bedfordshire Department of Computer Science and Technology University Sequare Luton Bedfordshire LUI 3JU UK Abstract Secure e exam is one of the considerable difficult problems in e learning environment The exam process for any educational university should involve different security techniques that should be used to protect the exam characteristics in diverse phases In this paper we propose a secure e exam scheme with all of its information is in digital form We present a system that has to be implemented to get a high standard security Keywords e learning e exam encryption scheme 1 Introduction In e learning institutions students and lecturers use Internet on the regular basis to pursue lectures inquire and answer questions and post and receive assessments The e learning institutions base on exam process by which students maintain the face to face exam in the classroom fixed via the institution under supervised requirements Such restrictions guarantee the correctness of the exam Personal exams allow to verifies student identity and ensure exam authorization using conventional method It means verifying the student Jd card and checking no person assists hinin exam Check entity Id card in the e exam is a hard problem 1 requires hard solution But e learni
6. Issue 9 September 2014 www ijsr net Paper ID SEP14623 Licensed Under Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 2202 International Journal of Science and Research IJSR ISSN Online 2319 7064 Impact Factor 2012 3 358 Correction 1 In step 1 3 of protocol 1 the lecturer signs the exam to gets The student finds a signature of s g w in step 5 5 of protocol 2 to gets The signatures s ands adopt that the exam questions cannot adjusted once the exam has launched 2 In step 6 2 of protocol 2 the trusted authority checks if the exam time has completed decline any exam solution submission once the time has terminated 3 The student signs an exam solution in step 5 5 of protocol 2 Thus if the solution is amended the signature verification will not pass 4 In step 6 3 of protocol 2 the trusted authority checks if the student has sent an exam solution before and in this situation an exam solution is rejected 5 If one exam is removed there is one student that will not get his grade thus the deletion is detected Also a student can prove that he has send an exam since he can show an exam receipt got in step 7 of protocol 2 Privacy 1 In step 2 1 of protocol 3 the lecturer receives exam solution cz and then decrypts it in step 3 1 of the protocol 3 to get q ld S11 W 8 S 4 4 2 This information does not disclose the student Zd 3 The signature s 44 satisfies the lecturer that w belongs to
7. for each student 5 The removal of exam must be prevented Privacy 1 The exam correction must be blind to get the utmost fairness 2 The lecturer must not know the student d of the exam solution 3 The lecturer should be satisfied that the answers belongs to the authenticate student Secrecy 1 Exam questions should be reserved private until an exam questions are declared 2 Just authenticate students can be take exam during an exam time 3 The exam answer should be reserved private until an exam results are declared 4 The student solutions should be reserved privately just the lecturer can have access to them 5 The exam results must only be passed to a student who did an exam Volume 3 Issue 9 September 2014 www ijsr net Paper ID SEP14623 Licensed Under Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 2200 International Journal of Science and Research IJSR ISSN Online 2319 7064 Impact Factor 2012 3 358 Receipt 1 The student should get the acknowledgment as the proof that he has did and passed the exam 2 The student must do an exam alone thus cheating should be prevented 3 The Proposed Scheme In this scheme we face interactions between three types of participants these are students lecturer and trusted authority manager is an authority who organizes the exam It runs exam questions solutions and results 3 1 Notations Used In this paper we used the following notations e public key d
8. ing system 5 notice that the public key infrastructure brings flexibility and scalability to the e learning system Concentrating on e exam scheme the only published work on this subject is represented by Chadwick 6 But the work not included all steps of the exam it just treats a certain phase with the exam questions are passed between lecturers using secure e mail relied on the public key infrastructure Conversely two proposals for online exams are existed 7 But these solutions do not consider the security size thus it is hard to rate the correctness and security level The remainder of this paper is organized as follows Section 2 clarifies the security properties for e exam scheme Section 3 describes the proposed secure e exam scheme Section 4 analyzes the security of a proposed scheme Finally the conclusions are considered in Section 5 2 Security Properties In this section we describe the security properties for e exam scheme These properties are as follows Authenticity 1 The student should be certain that the questions and the results are presented by the lecturer 2 The lecturer shouldbe certain that the exam solution belongs to the authenticate student Correction 1 The exam questions must not be changed once it launched 2 Once an exam time has ended no answers can be accepted 3 Once the solution has sent it should not be possible to change it 4 It must not be able to send more than one exam
9. merous PhDs and Masters Degrees thesis He has published more than 60 research papers in a multitude of international journals and conferences Volume 3 Issue 9 September 2014 www ijsr net Paper ID SEP14623 Licensed Under Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 2203
10. nfirm himself to the trusted authority by the key pair esd 2 Get randomly one value that is the revision identifier r Find the signature of Id g r withds 3 4 Compute Sss ds Ud g r 5 Request to review the score of the answer g 6 Pass Cd g r s 5 6 to the trusted authority 2 The trusted authority performs the following steps l Check the signature s with e 2 Keep Id 8 7 55 6 4 Security Analysis Suppose that the trusted authority is uncorrupt thus the proposed scheme is based on the trusted authority The trusted authority is protected with standard security tools such as firewalls IDS etc Authenticity 1 In step 1 3 of protocol 1 the Jecturer signs the exam The student checks this signature in step 5 2 of protocol 2 and then makes sure that the exam questions are suggested by a lecturer 2 In step 3 4 of protocol 3 the lecturer signs the grade The student checks the signature in step 4 2 of protocol 4 Thus satisfied that grade is suggested by the lecturer 3 In step 5 5 of protocol 2 the student signs the exam solution The trusted authority checks the student s signature in step 6 4 1 of protocol 2 and finds the signature of solution in step 6 4 6 The lecturer checks the trusted authority signature in step 3 2 of protocol 3 Suppose that trusted authority uncorrupt the lecturer has no suspect that the solution has been written by the authenticate student Volume 3
11. ng universities still require such exam since the personal exam denotes the possible attempt for e learning universities 2 In general distance institutions have not sufficient class facilities for the entire students Thus they should rent centers outside the university to let students to take the exam But such exam becomes more complicated because it needs to supply with all equipments to ensure that the students are able to complete the exam Then all exam solutions shall be gathered and passed to the lecturers in order to correct by them However enhancing exam scheme has obvious benefits for e learning universities 3 To simplify the exam scheme it is needed that all exam steps can be done by computer thus are turned into e exams Observe that we use the word e exam to denote exam that canbe done by the computer It means that a student uses the computer to hold the exam but in the supervised conditions Basically exam scheme needs to get the high security level because a correctness of the process guarantees the quality of the institution Thus the design of the e exam scheme must take a security attention Security in virtual learning was discussed in many studies The best study of this subject was proposed by 4 The public key infrastructure is identified as a sufficient tool to give privacy validity integrity and undeniable Consistent with these thoughts the public key infrastructures is the solutions for the e learn
12. sted authority 4 The trusted authority does the following steps 1 Check if a student is enrolled in the subject x 2 Every subject in each semester z has enrolled 3 This data is kept by the trusted authority 4 Verify if the present date a and timed are in a determined period to answer an exam aand bare in the Id 5 If the checking succeed Then IL Decryptc by da to get Zd q 5 1 2 Encrypt Id q Sz1 with es n students 3 Computec sz es ld q S11 4 Postcs tothe student 6 Else return an error signal to the student 5 The student gets and checks the questions solves it and posts the answers as follows 1 Decryptc by dy to get Ud gq 5 1 2 Check the signature s with e 4 3 Write down an exam solution w 4 Get randomly an answer identifier g 5 Find the signature of s g w with dx 6 Finds 5 d5 s 1 8 W 7 Encrypt Ud 9 57 1 8 W 552 with ej 8 Compute c43 e q ld S118 W S5 9 9 Pass c 3 to the trusted authority 6 The trusted authority does the following steps 1 Decryptc 3 by d to get Udyq 571 8 W 55 9 2 Verify if a present datea and timeb are in a determined period to answeran exam 3 Check if a student has sent an exam answer 4 If the checking succeed Then a Check the signatures s ands by ez and es b Get a present time t c Find the signature of Id g t withd d Compute s 3 d 4 ld g t e The s43 exam answer receipt the proof that studen
13. t has sent the answer f Post Ud g t s 43 to the student g Get randomly the covered answer identifier g h Find a signature of sz 1 8 w with d4 1 Compute s44 d4 SL1 gt g w j Encrypt q Id SLI W 8 S44 with e Volume 3 Issue 9 September 2014 Licensed Under Creative Commons Attribution CC BY Paper ID SEP14623 2201 International Journal of Science and Research IJSR ISSN Online 2319 7064 Impact Factor 2012 3 358 k Compute cz e q ld S11 W 8 oS 1 Keep securely EER TS as one answer of the exam Id m Every exam solution is connected to the student who has passed it n Else return an error signal to the student 7 The student performs the following steps 1 Check the signature s43 usinge 2 Keep Id g t 5 3 as the exam receipt 3 4 Exam Grades The lecturer and the trusted authority use protocol 3 to grade one exam solution Protocol 3 1 The lecturer does the following steps 1 Confirm himself to the trusted authority by the key pair e d 2 Ask for one answer of the distributed exam Id 2 The trusted authority performs the following steps 1 Get one exam answer that has not been graded before Cr A 2 Post cz 4 to the lecturer 3 The lecturer performs the following steps 1 Decrypt c 4 with d to get q Id S 1 w gs S44 Check the signature s 4 4 using e4 Score the answer w by the value v Find a signature of q Id s L1 W g v with dr Compute s 5
14. thus that only the student can get his grade Receipt 1 The student gets the receipt in step 7 of protocol 2 as a proof of exam send Copy detection is prevented 1 The exam occurs in the supervised condition thus the copy detection is prevented using traditional means 5 Conclusions In this paper we have proposed a secure e exam scheme We have looked at all exam phases and we have recognized different security characteristics that each exam phase should convince Such information has allowed the scheme to rely on several encryption protocols that provide the high security level for all exam phases But the proposed scheme in an initialization phase students take an exam in the supervised condition Further study must be aimed to let Students to take exams in minimum limited condition References 1 Sattar J Aboud Secure E Test Scheme International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning JET volume 2 Number 4 2007 2 George Meletiou Ioannis Voyiatzis Vera Stavroulaki C Sgouropoulou Design and Implementation of an E exam System Based on the Android Platform pci pp 375 380 16th Panhellenic Conference on Informatics 2012 3 Mohammad A_Sarrayrih Mohammed Ilyas Challenges of Online Exam Performances and problems for Online University Exam IJCSI International Journal of Computer Science Issues Volume 10 Issue 1 pp 439 443 2013 4 K El Khatib L Korba Y Xu and G Yee Privacy and

Secure E-Exam Scheme - International Journal of Science and

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