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AX5411H User Manual

1. 44 Read Back Command eene 46 Counter Operating Mode 47 Mode O0 Interrupt on Terminal Count 47 Mode 1 Hardware Retriggerable One Shot 47 Mode 2 Rate Generator eeseeseeneee 48 Mode 3 Square Wave Mode eene 48 Mode 4 Software Triggered Mode 49 Mode 5 Hardware Triggered Strobe Retriggerable 49 Programming Counter Timer eese 50 Exa mp l iuscscisn sepas te FR SEEN S REA Ni 51 viii Table of Contents AX5411H General Purpose DA amp C Board User s Manual Chapter 1 Introduction 1 14 General Description HERT 1 1 LETETETTTTR Miir MAMEN Wj AX5411H is a multifunction analog digital input output board and is functianlly compatible with AX5411 It may also be plugged into one of the available slots in the IBM PC AT or compatibles Analog input characteristic of the AX5411H is designed to allow you to sample data at high throughput the combination of hardware auto scanning multiplexer high speed sample hold and A D converter allow input sampling speeds up to 60 KHz DMA transfer allows you to transfer large amounts of data to memory at such high rate With programmable gains of 1 2 4 8 and 16 and full scale range of 5V and 10V user can define a particular range for each input corresponding to the signal level connected
2. multiplexed S H A D Converter VVVVVY Digital Code 5 A D converter has several kinds been developed for different application needs The most widely used A D converters are integrating and successive approximation Integrating type has the advantage of high noise rejection but its speed is lower Most data acquisition system needs at least 12 bit resolution to recognize the measured signal More high resolution a d will elapse more time and normally the price is higher To select suitable specification to meet your need is a good sense Multiplexed is a device containing a group of switches to select exact channel signal go through A D converter Because the amplifier and A D are shared the cost will be lower but the channel s acquisition speed will be reduced too Sample and hold S H is designed for A D converter to keep track of input signals When a high speed A D converter is used such as successive approximation it requires a no changing input signal during the conversion stage The S H circuit can keep the input signal with a constant level until the a d conversion is completed Often the limiting factor in the application of the S H is the uncertainty in the time the actual sample is taken i e The aperture jitter or Taj The aperture jitter causes an amplitude uncertainty for any input where the voltage is changing The approximate voltage error due to aperture jitter
3. 3DF 3F0 3F7 3F8 3FF Function PC reserved Game controller J oystick Second parallel print port LPT2 GPIB controller Second serial port COM2 Fixed disk XT Primary parallel print port LPT1 SDLC communication port Monochrome adapter printer EGA reserved Color graphics adapter Floppy disk controller Primary serial port COM 1 PC I O Port Mapping 31 AX5411H General Purpose DA amp C Board User s Manual This page does not contain any information 32 AX5411H General Purpose DA amp C Board User s Manual B Appendix Block Diagram 02 Ji oga M01 otc vad ubiH YALSIDSY enovd d LNI 12819 8M L4ova 31901 TANNVHO ueog oiny 9 O3 Fal 7 an 080 Noisuaanoo oi d Bojeuy tdl YALYAANOO Q V rahm Jo9s Inj jesyo Niri m a e a r e o a o o ale ojo e o 33 Block Diagram AX5411H General Purpose DA amp C Board User s Manual This page does not contain any information 34 AX5411H General Purpose DA amp C Board User s Manual Appendix C Location Diagram CN1 zio L JP10 Oo O O TP1 TP2 ooo TM OO JP7 PEN n JP6 OO gt on J
4. Program A D at 5V range on AX5411H Step3 Setjumper P 10 at 5V range measure D A channel with a 5 1 2 DVM Step4 Trim VR1for D A ch until reading 4 9988 V Step5 Trim VR2 for D A ch 1 until reading 4 9988 V 24 Calibration AX5411H General Purpose DA amp C Board User s Manual Chapter 5 Device Driver 5 1 General Description The AXIOMTEK DAC Device Driver AXDDR provides a set of easy to use function calls for our customers to conveniently set up their systems with all AXIOMTEK data acquisition and control devices Providing almost all source codes in C language it will essentially help you tune up and debug your applications under DOS environment as well as allow you to fully understand the low level register I O accompanying those devices The AXDDR is a part of the AXIOMTEK DAC Device Utility DevUtil DevUtil is a diagnostic utility used to diagnose and test the basic functions provided by AXIOMTEK data acquisition and control devices thereby eliminating the necessity to code them In addition to the AXDDR some simple demo programs are also available These demo programs show the correct procedure to call the AXDDR making the AXIOMTEK data acquisition and control devices work properly The following table lists the files that you ll find in your driver disk DAC Software AS59060 DEVUTIL ISA_BUS AXDDR AX5411H gt ax5411h h gt AX5411H device driver header file ax5411h c gt AX5411H
5. D02 D03 DGND D04 D05 D06 D07 5VP EXTRG DGND AX5411H CN1 Pin Assignment Installation Name 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 AGND 12V NC DA1 AGND IOIIIII ILPITLFl UO UUUUuuuu 12VP NC DGND AX5411H General Purpose DA amp C Board User s Manual Name 1 0 Function Alx Input Channel x Analog Input DAx Output D A Channel x Voltage Output DIx Input Channel x Digital Input DOx Output Channel x Digital Output T 12V Source Analog Power 12V Source Analog Power AGND Ground Analog Ground DGND Ground Digital Ground 45VP Source PC 5V 12VP Source PC 12V EXTRG Input External trigger NC No Connector NOTE 12V pin 19 600mA max 12V pin 20 600mA max 5VP pin45 curent limited to PC power 12VP pin 46 current limited to PC power AX5411H also provides two 20 pin connectors CN2 CN3 for 16 bit digital inputs and 16 bit digital outputs All these two 20 pin connectors can be connected to the rear plate through the AX5002 industrial wiring kit for a 50 pin mating connector The pin assignment is shown below Name Pin Pin Name 12VP 5VP DGND DGND D123 DI22 DI21 DI20 DI19 DI18 DI17 DI16 DI15 DI14 DI13 DI12 DI11 DI10 DI9 DI8 CN2 Digital Input Pin Assignment 12 Installation AX5411H General Purpose DA amp C Board User s Manual Name Pin Pin Name 12VP 5VP DGND DGND D023 D022 DO21 D020 D019 D018 D017 D016 D015 D014 D013 D012 D011 D010
6. Don t forget to add the additional object files misc obj to your project file when using it along with AXDDR For TC 3 0 users both config and project files are not compatible to what TC 2 0 uses To convert the project file of TC 2 0 to TC 3 0 use the utility prjcnvt exe provided by TC 3 0 You can also manually open a new project file and add new items into that project file Also check for your program s memory model and the directories settings of your TC IDE The details on using both compiler and linker of TC are not described here Please refer to the command line batch file playtc bat or the TC programmer s guide for more detailed information Device Driver 27 AX5411H General Purpose DA amp C Board User s Manual 5 2 2 MSC 7 0 The pre compiled object files by MSC compiler can be found in the subdirectory MSC Use the command line batch file playmsc bat if to make your own object file You can make your own application that calls the AXDDR driver functions After producing an object file of the application link it with the object file of your device driver and all other required object and library files with the same memory model of that application Don t forget to add two additional object files misc_ obj and tc2msc_ obj when using it along with AXDDR The details on using both compiler and linker of MSC are not described here Please refer to the command line batch file playmsc bat or th
7. Register Structure amp Format 19 AX5411H General Purpose DA amp C Board User s Manual Gain Control base 1 Write Only base 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 a CD x xT x Tas Te ei Ro Bits 0 3 RO R3 These bits specify the gain R3 R2 RI RO Gain 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 2 0 0 1 0 4 0 0 1 1 8 0 1 0 0 16 Others are invalid Bits 4 7 X Don t care Digital Output DO4 DO7 base 3 Write Only base 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 3 DO7 DO6 DO5 DO4 DO3 DO2 DO1 DOO D AO Output Registers base 4 amp 5 Write Only base 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 B3 B2 B1 Bo x q XX LSB base 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 5 B11 B10 B9 B8 B7 B6 B5 B4 MSB D A1 Output Registers base 6 amp 7 Write Only base E 250 uL BO TT 2p 8 B2 B1 BO X X xX x LSB base 71 6 5 4 3 2 21 0 7 B11 B10 B9 B8 B7 B6 B5 B4 MSB 20 Hegister Structure amp Format AX5411H General Purpose DA amp C Board User s Manual D A output registers are write only and in standard low high byte sequence Note that the D A registers are double buffered so that the D As are not updated until the second high byte is written This insures a single step transition on the analog output of D A The D A data format is true binary right justified Clear Interrupt base 8 Write Only Writing to base 8 clears AX5411H interrupt request INTP and provides the means of acknowledging the AX5411H interrupt and re enabling it Data don t car
8. of the timer enable register are relative because TRGE is enable for EXTRG The relation as following TRGE EXTRG TIMER 0 0 Enable 0 1 Enable 1 0 Disable 1 1 Enable Selects the desired interrupt level for processing interrupts 2 ll 10 nterrupt Level 0 0 0 Invalid 0 0 1 Enable level 10 11 12 14 15 0 1 0 Level 2 0 1 1 Level 3 1 0 0 Level 4 1 0 1 Level 5 1 1 0 Level 6 1 1 1 Level 7 Register Structure amp Format AX5411H General Purpose DA amp C Board User s Manual NOTE When users use J P4 to select IRQ level 10 15 they must set I2 I1 10 0 0 1 When selecting from IRQ levels 2 7 via software programming J P4 must be set as OPEN Bit 7 INTE This bit enables or disables AX5411H generated interrupts INTE 0 Disable NTE 1 Enable If INTE 1 and DMAE 0 an interrupt is generated at the end of each A D conversion when valid data is available If INTE 1 and DMAE 1 an interrupt is generated when a termincal count T C is received from the 8237 DMA controller to signify completion of the DMA transfer Digital Input DI8 DI 15 base 10 Read Only base 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 10 D5 DI14 Di13 D12 Di11 Dno Dio Dis Digital Input DI 16 DI23 base 11 Read Only base 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 4 11 DI23 DI22 DI21 D120 Di19 D118 DI7 Die Software Start base 0 Write Only A write to base 0 acts as an A D trigger and always initiate a conversion on software trigger for A D Data don t care
9. 1 D1 1 Select Counter 0 DO Reserved for future expansion Must be 0 Here is Read back command example Command D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 DI D Description Result Read back count Count and status and status of latched for Counter 0 Counter 0 Bd back status Status latched peru Bd peru Read back status Status latched for of Counter 2 1 Counter 2 cut not Counter 1 Read back count EMI of Counter 2 EMI Read back count Count latched for and status of Counter 1 but not Counter 1 status 1 1 1 1 Read back status Command ignored of Counter 1 status already latched for Counterl Read Back Command Example 46 Programming 8254 Timer Counter AX5411H General Purpose DA amp C Board User s Manual Counter Operating Mode Mode 0 Interrupt on Terminal Count Mode 0 is typically used for event counting After the Control Word is written OUT is initially low and will remain low until the Counter reaches Zero OUT then goes high and remains high until a new count or a new Mode 0 Control Word is written to the Counter GATE 1 enables counting GATE 0 disables counting GATE has no effect on OUT After the Control Word and initial count are written to a Counter the initial count will be loaded on the next CLK pulse This CLK pulse does not decrement the count so for an initial count of N OUT does not go high until N 1 CLK pulses after the initial count is written If a new count is written to the Counter it wi
10. D09 D08 CN3 Digital Output Pin Assignment Name 1 0 Function DIx Input Channel x Digital Input DOx Output Channel x Digital Output DGND Ground Digital Ground 5VP Source PC 5V 12VP Source PC 12V Installation 13 AX5411H General Purpose DA amp C Board User s Manual 2 6 Hardware Installation The AX5411H board is shipped with protective electrostatic cover When unpacking touching the board electrostatically shielded packaging with the metal frame of your computer to discharge the accumulated static electricity prior to touching the board Following discussing summarizes the procedures for AX5411H installation WARNING TURN OFF the PC and all accessories connected to the PC whenever installing or removing any peripheral board including the AX5411H series board 2 6 1 Board installation 1 Turn off the PC and all accessories power 2 Unplug all power cordsand entire cables from the rear of the PC 3 Remove the PC scover see your PC Operation Guide if you are not skillful about it 4 Find a unused expansion slot Remove the blank expansion slot cover and save the screw for affixing retaining bracket 5 Grab the upper edge of the AX5411H board Align the AX5411H board sretaining bracket with the expansion slot rear panel and straighten the board sgold finger with the expansion slot crush the board into the slot 6 Restore the screw in the expansion slot retaining bracket 7 Replace the PC scov
11. Gain When full scale range selects at 5V the available programmable ranges are 5V 2 5V 1 25V 0 625V and 0 3125V 8 Installation AX5411H General Purpose DA amp C Board User s Manual When full scale range selects at 10V the available programmable ranges are 10V 5V 2 5V 1 25V and 0 625V 2 2 2 D A full range selection JP6 5llo o For 45V full scale 10 o 5 o For 410V full scale 10 XXXX D Aoutput xFull scale 4096 XXXX is the 12 bit D A programmable code range from O to 409E Installation 9 AX5411H General Purpose DA amp C Board User s Manual 2 3 DMA Channel Selection There are two DMA channels can be selected by AX5411H for data transfer Check your computer status before you use DMA function avoiding crash the DMA channels each other DMA CHANNEL 1 JP7 1 JP7 1 o o DMA CHANNEL 3 3 2 4 IRQ Level Selection JP4 IRQ10 IRQ11 IRQ12 IRQ14 IRQ15 10 O O O O JO 0 0O 0O O O IRQ2 7 selections are via software settings Installation AX5411H General Purpose DA amp C Board User s Manual 2 5 User Connections All AX5411H board signals are built in a 50 pin single connector CN1 It provides an easy and reasonably objective to connect with AX750 AX951 AX751 or AX752 The CN1 pin assignment is shown below Name OmmIBIIILI DoF WNF c N gt c Z iw 12V NC DAO AGND DOO D01
12. One 50 pin mating connector Two 20 pin mating connectors W Operating Temperature Range 0 C to 60 C Storage Temperature Range 25 C to 85 C W Relative Humidity To 90 non condensing Introduction 5 AX5411H General Purpose DA amp C Board User s Manual This page does not contain any information AX5411H General Purpose DA amp C Board User s Manual Chapter 2 Installation 2 1 Base I O Port Address AX5441H will occupy sixteen consecutive I O port space setting correct base address by DIP switch to avoid contending other device refer to appendix A for I O port distribution Six bits are equipped to allow you to select the base address from 200 hex to 3FO hex Following Figure illustrates how the I O port base address is used 2 1 1 Base Address Switch Setting A 9 8 7 6 5 4 WAAC 64 128 256 512 Installation 7 AX5411H General Purpose DA amp C Board User s Manual 1 0 Port Range DIP Switch Position 000 OOF 010 O1F 200 20F 210 21F 300 300 OFF_OFF 310 m OFF OFF OFF 3F0 3FF OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF NOTE Factory Default Setting Address Base Address DIP Switch Setting SW1 2 2 Full Range Selection AX5411H furnished 2 jumpers for A D D A full range selection 2 2 1 A D full range selection JP10 o For 5V full scale 5 10 o For 10V full scale Full scale Range Gain 1 2 4 8 16
13. count has decremented to 1 OUT goes low for one CLK pulse OUT the goes high again the Counter reloads the initial count and the process is repeated Mode 2 is periodic the same sequence is repeated indefinitely For an initial count of N the sequence repeats every N CLK cycles After writing a Control Word and initial count the Counter will be loaded on the next CLK pulse OUT goes low N CLK pulses after the initial count is written This allows the Counter to be synchronized by software also Mode 3 Square Wave Mode Mode 3 is typically used for Baud rate generation Mode 3 is similar to Mode 2 except for the duty cycle of OUT OUT will initial be high When half the initial count has expired OUT goes low for the remainder of the count Mode 3 is periodic the sequence above is repeated indefinitely An initial count of N results in a square wave with a period of N CLK cycles After writing a Control Word and initial count the Counter will be loaded on the next CLK pulse This allows the Counter to be synchronized by software also Mode 3 is implemented as follows EVEN COUNTS OUT is initially high The initial count is loaded on one CLK pulse and then is decremented by two on succeeding CLK pulses When the count expires OUT changes value and the Counter is reloaded with the initial count The above process is repeated indefinitely 48 Programming 8254 Timer Counter AX5411H General Purpose DA amp C Board User s Manual
14. device driver source file ax5411h txt gt AX5411H device driver reference playtc bat gt Command line batch file for TC compiler playmsc bat gt Command line batch file for MSC compiler turboc cfg Device Driver 25 AX5411H General Purpose DA amp C Board User s Manual DAC Software AS59060 DEVUTIL ISA_BUS AXDDR AX5411H TC 5411h_h obj 5411h_l obj 5411h_s obj 5411h_t obj gt Huge mode object file for TC user gt Large mode object file for TC user gt Small mode object file for TC user gt Tiny mode object file for TC user DAC Software AS59060 DEVUTIL ISA_BUS AXDDR AX5411H MSC gt 5411h_h obj 5411h_l obj 5411h_s obj 5411h_t obj gt Huge mode object file for MSC user gt Large mode object file for MSC user gt Small mode object file for MSC user gt Tiny mode object file for MSC user e DAC Software AS59060 DEVUTIL ISA_BUS AXDDR MISC gt misc h Additional header file used by AXDDR e DAC Software AS59060 DEVUTILNMISA BUSY AXDDR MI SC TC gt misc_h obj misc l obj misc s obj misc t obj Huge mode object file for TC user Large mode object file for TC user Small mode object file for TC user Tiny mode object file for TC user e DAC Software AS59060 DEVUTILNMISA BUSY AXDDR MISC MSC gt misc_h obj misc l obj misc s obj misc t obj tc2msc h obj tc2msc l obj tc 2msc_s obj tc 2msc_t obj 26 gt Huge mode object file
15. on computer boards are sensitive to static electricity To avoid damaging chips from electrostatic discharge observe the following precautions W Do not remove boards or integrated circuits from their anti static packaging until you are ready to install them W Before handling a board or integrated circuit touch an unpainted portion of the system unit chassis for a few seconds This helps to discharge any static electricity on your body W Wear a wrist grounding strap available from most electronic component stores when handling boards and components Unpacking The AX5411H is packed in an anti static bag The board has components that are easily damaged by static electricity Do not remove the anti static wrapping until proper precautions have been taken Safety instructions in front of this User s Manual describe anti static precautions and procedures After unpacking the board place it on a raised surface and carefully inspect the board for any damage that might have occurred during shipment Ground the board and exercise extreme care to prevent damage to the board from static electricity Integrated circuits will sometimes come out of their sockets during shipment Examine all integrated circuits to ensure that they are firmly seated The AX5411H General Purpose DA amp C Board package includes the following AX5411H Board AS59099 DAC Driver CD Cable 20P 31cm x2 AX5002x1 AX5411H User s Manual e Warrant
16. to that channel This feature will give optimum resolution to each channel s measurement Introduction 1 AX5411H General Purpose DA amp C Board User s Manual In addition to the data acquisition channels of AX5411H the board contains two independent analog voltage output channels Each channel has its own 12 bit D A converter These two channels can be individually set to output a voltage within the range of 0 to 5V or 0 to 10V The AX5411H also provides a 24 channel digital input port and a 24 channel digital output port Both ports are TTL compatible The converted data may be collected through the software command an interrupt service routine or DMA channels A complete utility AS59099 DAC Driver CD containing driver routines and example programs is furnished with the board to minimize user s efforts on application software development These subroutine libraries are available to control AX5411H functions from user written programs 1 1 1 Accessories Available E AX750 Low cost screw terminal panel accommodates all analog input connections Shipped complete with 3 3 foot 1 meter cable and 50 pin connector W AX751 AX951 Universal screw terminal panel conceived for 50 pin connector wiring conveniently E AX752 Table top screw terminal panel designed for thermocouple and low level inputs Provides differential input for common mode rejection 10V Gains of 1 10 50 100 and 1000 Voltage offset and cold junction compensati
17. AX5411H General Purpose DA amp C Board User s Manual Disclaimers The information in this manual has been carefully checked and is believed to be accurate AXIOMTEK Co Ltd assumes no responsibility for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use AXIOMTEK assumes no responsibility for any inaccuracies that may be contained in this document AXIOMTEK makes no commitment to update or to keep current the information contained in this manual AXIOMTEK reserves the right to make improvements to this document and or product at any time and without notice No part of this document may be reproduced stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic mechanical photocopying recording or otherwise without the prior written permission of AXIOMTEK Co Ltd Copyright 2000 by AXIOMTEK Co Lid All rights reserved January 2000 Version A1 Printed in Taiwan Trademarks Acknowledgments AXIOMTEK is a trademark of AXIOMTEK Co Ltd IBM isa registered trademark of International Business Machines Corporation MS DOS Windows 95 Windows NT are trademarks of Microsoft Corporation TURBO C is a trademark of Borland Inc BASIC isa trademark of Dartmouth College Intel isa trademark of Intel Corporation Other brand names and trademarks are the properties and registered brands of their respective owners ESD Precautions Integrated circuits
18. CLK pulses after the new count of N is written Mode 5 Hardware Triggered Strobe Retriggerable OUT will initially be high Counting is triggered by a rising edge of GATE When the initial count has expired OUT will go low for one CLK pulse and then go high again Programming 8254 Timer Counter 49 AX5411H General Purpose DA amp C Board User s Manual Programming Counter Timer Programming Sequence 1 Writing control word to select counter and determine operation 2 Program selected counter s LSB of R W register 3 Program selected counters MSB of R W register Base Address Base Address 4 Control Word Counter 1 Control Word Counter LSB of count Counter 1 Control Word Counter MSB of count Counter 1 Control Word Counter Control Word Counter 1 LSB of count Counter LSB of count Counter 1 MSB of count Counter SB ofcount Counter 1 LSB of count Counter Control Word Counter 1 MSB of count Counter LSB of count Counter 1 LSB of count Counter MSB of count Counter 1 MSB of count Counter DOrPRrRRNN OF N Control Word Counter 1 Control Word Counter Control Word Counter 1 1 Control Word Counter Control Word Counter 1 LSB of count Counter LSB of count Counter 1 Control Word Counter LSB of count Counter 1 1 LSB of count Counter LSB of count Counter 1 MSB of count Counter LSB of count Counter 1 LSB of count Counter MSB of count Counter 1 1 MSB of count Counter MSB o
19. ODD COUNTS OUT is initially high The initial count is loaded on one CLK pulse decremented by one on the next CLK pulse and then decremented by two on succeeding CLK pulses When the count expires OUT goes low and the Counter is reloaded with the initial count The count is decremented by three on the next CLK pulse and then by two on succeeding CLK pulses When the count expires OUT goes high again and the Counter is reloaded with the initial count The above process is repeated indefinitely So for odd counts OUT will be high for N 1 2 counts and low for N 1 2 counts Mode 4 Software Triggered Mode OUT will be initially high When the initial count expires OUT will go low for one CLK pulse then go high again The counting sequence is Triggered by writing the initial count After writing a Control Word and initial count the Counter will be loaded on the next CLK pulse This CLK pulse does not decrement the count so for an initial count of N OUT does not strobe low until N 1 CLK pulses after the initial count is written If a new count is written during counting it will be loaded on the next CLK pulse and counting will continue form the new count If a two byte count is written the following happens 1 Writing the first byte has no effect on counting 2 Writing the second byte allowsthe new count to be loaded on the next CLK pulse This allows the sequence to be retriggered by software OUT strobes low N 1
20. P4 19 19 CN2 CN3 Location Diagram 35 AX5411H General Purpose DA amp C Board User s Manual This page does not contain any information 36 AX5411H General Purpose DA amp C Board User s Manual Appendix D Technical Reference Data Acquisition Principles Factory automation FA and laboratory automation LA have become a truth tactic owing to the revolution in computer The advent of the personal computer PC makes this task more prevalent and versatile because of the low cost and flexibility Typically a computerized data acquisition and control system is constructed as following structure INPUT SIGNAL gt OUTPUT SIGNAL lt A Basic Based on PC s Acquisition System DA amp C SYSTEM COMPUTER PC Analog Input System The basic function of analog input system A D system is to convert the analog input signal to corresponding digital format that the computer can be read In order to benefit A D system s stability and obtain good performance several other additional parts such as multiplexed amplifier sample and hold are required The following figure exhibits many input signals come into the A D system Technical Reference 37 AX5411H General Purpose DA amp C Board User s Manual Signal Conditioning gt gt gt Amplifier INPUT SIGNALS L EE E
21. TEL 8254 as Pacer trigger source which consist of 3 16 bit counter The counter 1 and 2 are caseaded and operate as Pacer The source of counter 1 is attached to switch selectable input frequency 1M or 10MHz Counter 0 is available for user s special application Before you start internal pacer bit 1 amp 0 of a register located at address base 9 must be set to 1 There are 2 bit CLKE TRGE used to control Pacer and counter 0 which reside in a register located at address BASE 10 like below b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 X X X X X X CLKE TRGE wheras X don tcare TRGE 1 enable Pacer otherwise disable CLKE 1 counter 0 is attached to 100KHz internal input frequency otherwise attached to external input frequency REMARKS AX5210H uses counter 0 through 3 aspacertrigger source AX5411H 1 counter 0 is spare 2 TRGE is at bit 3 of regiser located at address Base 9 3 have no CLKE Programming 8254 Timer Counter 43 AX5411H General Purpose DA amp C Board User s Manual Counter Read Write and Control Register There are 4 register needed to program 8254 Timer Counter including 3 Read Write and 1 control register located a dress Base 12 through Base 15 Base 12 counter 0 Read Write register Base 13 counter 1 Read Write register Base 14 counter 2 Read Write register Ba se 15 control word register Read Write register is used to load divisor to select counter or Read count from selected counter Cont
22. depends on the slew rate of the signal at the sample point 38 Technical Reference AX5411H General Purpose DA amp C Board User s Manual Amplifier is a device to enlarge the input small signal such as thermocouple straingage to a congruous signal that A D converter can resolvable Notice if the input signal change is below the A D system s minimum resolution the system can not recognize the deviation The exact gain is usually better the A D resolution Analog Output System Analog outputs digital control analog output D A are typically used to generate a programmable level signal for yielding a loop control system Familiarly analog output range are 0 5v 0 10v 5v 1 Ov 0 20mA 4 20mA and so on They can be employed to control such as dc power supply frequency converter or to drive chart recorders Normally analog out merely provides little power voltage output is typical no more than 5mA power amplifier or current boosters are required attachment when the large load is used D A Converter with Double Buffer A Digital to analog D A converter affords an analog output proportional to a digital number on the input Most converters are 8 12 or even 16 bit with correspondingly higher resolution Cost rises rapidly with resolution Since the analog output change might need be programmed twice resolution more than 8 bit needs two byte for one data SPIKES or GLITCHES see following figure are usually engendered to result
23. e e Digital Output DO8 DO15 base 10 Write Only 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 DO15 DO14 DO13 DO 12 DO 11 DO 10 DO9 DO88 e Digital Output DO16 DO23 base 11 Write Only 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 DO23 DO22 DO21 DO20 DO19 DO18 DO17 DO16 e 8254 Programmable Internal Timer base 12 base 15 Base 12 Counter 0 register Read Write Base 13 Counter 1 register Read Write Base 14 Counter 2 register Read Write Base 15 Control register Write Onboard the AX5411H the counterO is spare and the counters 1 amp 2 are cascaded Register Structure amp Format 21 AX5411H General Purpose DA amp C Board User s Manual DO D1 CLKO X D2 D3 G4 X D4 OUTO X D5 1MHz D6 CLK1 D7 G1 T1 IOR ON IOW CLK2 AO 2 A CS OUT2 OUT Refer to Appendix E for details on programming the 8254 timer counter Power On Initiate Condition Scan channel 0 Gain l Software trig T1 amp TO 0 Digital output all of low EOC 0 No A D trig INTP O INTE 0 TRGE 0 DMAE 0 900 4 en Ur T QNA ES 22 Hegister Structure amp Format AX5411H General Purpose DA amp C Board User s Manual Chapter 4 Calibration The AX5411H calibration program named CAL5411H exe provides a menu driven calibration procedure of A D and D A The default I O port address is at 300 hex Type CAL5411H to execute the program directly a 5 1 2 or better digit voltage meter and a DC standard or noise free stable DC power supp
24. e MSC programmer s guide for more detailed information 5 3 Function Reference To fully understand and make the most of AXDDR see the driver function reference file ax5411h txt found under the same directory containing the device driver source file ax5411h c Please refer to the reference file before you start using any of the function calls 28 Device Driver AX5411H General Purpose DA amp C Board User s Manual 5 4 More on AXIOMTEK DAC Device Utility AS59060 The AXIOMTEK DAC Device Utility DevUtil as stated earlier is an easy to use diagnostic utility It too is a demo program that shows the procedure on how to call the AXDDR in sequence Please consult your local supplier and or dealer for the availability of DevUtil 5 5 Installation To build the demo programs of the I O device please install the DevUtil first DAC Software AS59060 Install Install exe d then copy all the sample files of the I O device under the same directory as AXDDR COPY lt source files gt lt target files gt For example COPY EADASCHARDWAREVUOATIHN C DEVUTIL ISA_BUS DEMO Device Driver 29 AX5411H General Purpose DA amp C Board User s Manual This page does not contain any information 30 AX5411H General Purpose DA amp C Board User s Manual Appendix A PC I O Port Mapping 1 O port address range 000 1FF 200 20F 278 27F 2E1 2F8 2FF 320 32F 378 37F 380 38F 3BO 3BF 3C0 3CF 3D0
25. ence AX5411H General Purpose DA amp C Board User s Manual Timer and Counter In many applications precise timers are required to generate a programmable equivalent period pulse for event trigger source Other applications require to measure count frequency are also need a counter device A group of 16 bit down counters are generally applied to achieve these tasks Intel 8253 or 8254 is a very popular timer counter IC which contains three separate independent 16 bit down counters You can program every down counter for a frequency divisor corresponding to it s input clock AX5412H cascades counter 1 and counter 2 to generate A D trigger timer from 71 5 minutes per trigger to 2500 KHz Free counter 0 can be used for event counter or squarewave generator Interrupt Operation at DAS Most pc based data acquisitions can benefit from the use of interrupts The interrupt signal may be occurred from the acquisition hardware to the computer It can be used to improve data acquisition real response ability with external events What you want to know about the interrupt PC s family uses intel s 8259A interrupt controller to invoke 8 different interrupt vector service routines Each vector mapped to software interrupts level 8 through 15 or memory address from 32 hex 20 to 60 hex 40 When an interrupt instruction is executed the processor saved current both IP instruction pointer and CS code segment to stack in order to resume when interru
26. erand connect the cables you detached in step 2 8 Turn on the PC and other peripheral device power 14 Installation 3 1 AX5411H General Purpose DA amp C Board User s Manual Chapter 3 Register Structure amp Format AX5411H I O Address MAP AX5411H uses 16 consecutive addresses in I O space as follows R read W write Register Structure amp Format Location Base address 0 Base address 1 Base address 2 Base address 3 Base address 4 Base address 5 Base address 6 Base address 7 Base address 8 Base address 9 Base address 10 Base address 11 Base address 12 Base address 13 Base address 4 14 Base address 15 Function A D Low byte Start A D A D High byte Gain Control ux scan control Digital Input 0 7 Digital Output 0 7 D A 0 Output Low byte D A 0 Output High byte D A 1 Output Low byte D A 1 Output High byte AX5411H Status Clear interrupt AX5411H Control Digital Input 8 15 Digital Output 8 15 Digital Input 16 23 Digital Output 16 23 8254 Counter 0 8254 Counter 1 8254 Counter 2 8254 Counter Control Type z zzzzz lz z 2 Ssv 2v R W R W R W AX5411H General Purpose DA amp C Board User s Manual 3 1 1 A D Data Register base 0 amp base 1 Read 16 Only base 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 0 D3 D2 D1 po jc3 c2 cil co LSB Bits 0 3 CO0 C3 The channel select bits are used to specify one of the 16 channels 0 15 as the input c
27. f count Counter 1 MSB of count Counter NOTE In all four examples all counters are programmed to Read Write two byte count is These are only four programming sequences among the many others possible 1 0 1 2 0 1 2 0 2 A Few Possible Programming Sequences 50 Programming 8254 Timer Counter Example AX5411H General Purpose DA amp C Board User s Manual Example 1 Program counter O as rate generator 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Divisor 100 LSB Divisor MOD 256 MSB Divisor 256 Base amp H 300 OUT Base 10 amp H02 enable internal 100K Hz input frequency OUT Base 10 amp H34 counter 0 rate generator OUT Base 12 LSB write low byte to counter 0 R W register OUT Base 12 MSB write high byte Example2 Read count of counter 0 10 20 30 40 50 Base amp H 300 OUT Base 15 0 Latch counter 0 LSB inp Base 12 Read low byte MSB inp Base 412 Read high byte Count LSB MSB 256 count of counter 0 Programming 8254 Timer Counter 51 AX5411H General Purpose DA amp C Board User s Manual This page does not contain any information 52
28. for MSC user gt Large mode object file for MSC user gt Small mode object file for MSC user gt Tiny mode object file for MSC user gt Huge mode object file for MSC user gt Large mode object file for MSC user gt Small mode object file for TC user gt Tiny mode object file for TC user Device Driver AX5411H General Purpose DA amp C Board User s Manual 5 2 Programming Technique There are pre compiled object files available in AXDDR for both TC and MSC users If you would like to make your own object files set up your compiler s environment first making sure that you have installed the driver correctly Use the project file to include all necessary object or library files The difference between users of TC and MSC are described on the following sections 5 2 1 TC 2 0 The contents of AXDDR are developed within Turbo C 2 0 IDE Integrated Development Environment The config files cfg and tc are for the convenience of TC users The object files pre compiled by TC 2 0 compiler can be found under the subdirectory NTC If your version of TC compiler is not compatible with the pre compiled one or you want to re compile your own object file use the command line batch file playtc bat You can make your own application that calls the AXDDR driver functions Simply prepare a project file containing the source file of the application and the object file of your device driver with identical memory model as your application
29. hannel for A D conversions Bits 4 7 DO D3 These bits are A D least significant data base 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 4 D1i D10 D9 D8 D7 D6 D5 D4 MSB Most Significant A D data Muxtiplexer Scan Register base 2 Read Write base 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 42 E End Channel zz E Start Channel The Mux scan register is a read write register that control the channel scan limits of the A D multiplexer The high nibble provides the scan ending channel and the low nibble provides the scan starting channel About 4 microseconds after the A D starts a conversion while the sample hold is holding the previous channel the multiplexer channel is incremented ready for the next conversion On finishing the conversion performed with the end channel the cycle repeats starting with the start channel On writing to muxtiplexer scan register the counter is always automatically initialized to the start channel To perform conversions on a single channel the end and start channel should be made equal to the desired channel number Register Structure amp Format AX5411H General Purpose DA amp C Board User s Manual Digital Input DIO DI7 base 3 Read Only base 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 3 Di5 Di4 DI3 DI2 DI1 Dio Status Functions base 8 Read Only base 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 8 Bits 0 3 NCO NC3 This the channel number of the next channel to be converted if EOC 0 The channel changes Shorting after EOC goes high and when EOC 1 may be indeter
30. hput e Single Channel 33KHz Thermal Characteristics W Zero Drift 10uV 9C W Gain Drift 920ppm of FSR C W Differential Linearity Drift 3ppm of FSR C W Monotonicity Monotonic 0 to 70 C DIO Subsystem E DigitallnputLines 24 W Digital Output Lines 24 W Improved Noise Margins Hysteresis VT VT 0 4 TYP E Input Output Level TIL DTLCompatible W Hectrical Characteristics e VIH 2V MIN VIL 0 8V MAX IIH 20UuA MAX at VI22 7V IIL 0 2mA MAX at VIL 0 4V VOH 3 4V TYP atlOH 0 4mA VOL O 5V MAX at lIOL 8mA IOH 0 4mA MAX IOL 8mA MAX 4 Introduction AX5411H General Purpose DA amp C Board User s Manual Interface Characteristic E O Connector one 50 pin and two 20 pin mating header On Board Clock W Base Frequencies 4MHz Interface Characteristic W Compatible Bus IBM PC ATand compatiblese I O Bus Interface Type I O mapped with 10 bit addressing A9 AO Numberof LocationsOccupied 16 bytes Data Path 8bits Factory Configured Address 300 Hex Interrupt Options Software Control to level 2 3 4 5 60r 7 Jumper selectable for level 10 11 12 14 15 E Interrupt Source FINISH bit A D conversion complete W Direct Memory AccessOptions JumperSelectable to DMA1 or DMA3 W Busloading Presents 1 busload Power Requirements E 412Vdc 40mAtyp W 12Vdc 10mAtyp E 45Vdc 800 mA typ Physical Environmental W Dimensions 99H x 165W mm W Connector
31. in control application instability As a 12 bit D A consider the change from 1FF Hex to 200 Hex a 1 LSB step raise A spike occurs when the high byte is programmed prior to the low byte Similarly the low byte is programmed prior to the high byte will form a glitch signal DOUBLE BUFFER technique is used at AX5412H to diminish glitches and spikes When programming the D A channels the lower byte should be written first the 12 bit buffer will keep the result does not be sent to the output until the higher byte is written Technical Reference 39 AX5411H General Purpose DA amp C Board User s Manual Digital Input and Output Digital signals are usually be used for detecting logical status or controlling devices TTL level signals are usually developed by most das systems Some application are showing below TTL Level I O Connection VCC z Slows speed down TTL Devices Increases power dissipation DO t7 Decreases noise margin zm D Decreases fan out DI q D GND D GND I 1 TTL CMOS Use pull up resistor to interface TTL CMOS devices Digital Input for Open Short Switch Detecting 5V 4 7K A pull high resistor must be oe connected to ensure the high level especially at long distance Switch wiring Digital Input for Large Signal _ VCC DI K The D1 is added to protect the IC driver against the inductive KICKBACK from the relay coil 40 Technical Refer
32. ll be loaded on the next CLK pulse and counting will continue form the new count If a two byte count is written the following happens 1 Writing the first byte disables counting Out is set low immediately no clock pulse required 2 Writing the second byte allows the new count to be loaded on next CLK pulse Mode 1 Hardware Retriggerable One Shot OUT will be initially high OUT will go low on the CLK pulse following a trigger to begin the one shot pulse and will remain low until the Counter reaches zero OUT will then go high and remain high until the CLK pulse after the next trigger After writing the Control Word and initial count the Counter is armed A trigger results in loading the Counter and setting OUT low on the next CLK pulse thus starting the one shot pulse N CLK cycles in duration The one short pulse can be repeated without rewriting the same count into the counter GATE has no effect on OUT Programming 8254 Timer Counter 47 AX5411H General Purpose DA amp C Board User s Manual If a new count is written to the Counter during a one short pulse the current one shot is not affected unless the Counter is retriggered In that case the Counter is loaded with the new count and the one shot pulse continues until the new count expires Mode 2 Rate Generator This Mode functions like a divide by N counter It is typically used to generate a Real Time Clock interrupt OUT will initially be high When the initial
33. ly are necessary The path of the calibration program is at the AS59099 DAC Driver CD dac hardware ax5411h directory 4 1 A D Calibration AX5411H A D calibration includes amplifier offset A D offset and full scale adjustment Amplifier offset adjustment is executed to lessen input amplifier offset error A D offset and full scale adjustment are performed to make sure A D converter working with the best resolution Adjustive sequences are as following steps Step 1 Connecta 541 2 digital voltage meter recommend HP3478A to test point TP2 and TP 1 Step2 Select range 0 3125V Connect A D channel 0 to AGND Step 3 Trim VR6 for programmable gain amplifier offset until meter reading less than 0 5mV Step 4 Remove meter prob from TP 1 and TP2 and set range at 5V Step 5 Ground A D ch 0 and add a 4 9963VDC on ch 1 Consecutively scan A D ch 0 and ch 1 Step6 Trimming VR4 for A D offset till A D ch 0 reading equals zero Step 7 Trimming VR5 for A D full scale till A D ch 1 reading equals the value between 2046 and 2047 Repeat step 6 and 7 until both ch 0 and ch 1 reading in the boundary Calibration 23 AX5411H General Purpose DA amp C Board User s Manual D A adjustment is executed for AX5411H D A calibration The D A output voltage can be measured by a DVM or directly to the AX5411H A D input The sequences are shown below Step 1 Connect D A ch 0 ch 1 to A D ch 2 ch 3 respectively Step2
34. minate These status bits provide information on setup for the next conversion Bit 4 INTP This is the interrupt signal that is directed to interrupt level 2 15 by the control register If interrupts are disabled INTP 0 After generation of an interrupt INTP 1 and will remain high until reset by a write to the Base 8 Your interrupt handler routine should include this write to Base 8 at some point to re enable the interrupt from AX5411H again Bits 5 6 X These bits are don t care Bit 7 EOC Indicates the end of a conversion cycle 0 2 conversion has completed Valid data 1 conversion is still in process Invalid data A start of A D conversion will set the EOC 1 Register Structure amp Format 17 AX5411H General Purpose DA amp C Board User s Manual Control Functions base 9 Read Write 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 INTE I2 I1 10 mGE DMAE TI TO 18 base 9 Bits 0 1 Bit 2 Bit 3 Bit 4 6 TO T1 DMAE TRGE 10 12 These bits control the source of start pulses for the A D trigger T1 TO Action 0 X Software start only 1 0 Start on rising of external trig extrig 1 1 Start on internal timer trig X Meaning don t care Direct memory access transfers are enabled when DMAE 1 and disabled when DMAE 0 Itis the users responsibility to set up the 8237 DMA controller on the IBM PC system board and the page registers before enabling DMA on AX5411H External trig EXTRG and trig enable TRGE
35. ogramming Technique 27 DLL NG 2 05 son cinocnarianlnsicatsaeiolaqsioniatiaia teas 27 5 2 2 MISC TO E E N EN NA 28 5 3 Function Reference sssssssssunnsnnnnnnnennnnnnennnn 28 5 4 More on AXIOMTEK DAC Device Utility do o l i eee 29 55 InstallBliBlu ine n nr OnWRR IN EXPE I IATER AN E LIN Mi qu HMM 29 Table of Contents vii Appendix A PC I O Port Mapping Appendix B Block Diagram Appendix C Location Diagram Appendix D Technical Reference Data Acquisition Principles 37 Analog Input System a eleeeceeer eie rne eae netta 37 Analog Output System eese 39 D A Converter with Double Buffer 39 Digital Input and Output esee 40 TIL Level VO Connection inert kn 40 Digital Input for Open Short Switch Detecting 40 Digital Input for Large Signal ntis 40 Digital Output for Relay Driving 40 Timer and COOKE uiscera IXERAT RKRENAAR ARM E ERR RA dE 41 Interrupt Operation at DAS 41 What you want to know about the interrupt 41 How to use interrupt to transfer data from the AO DEL dui T stas nb P DRREUU MID TT 42 How to write interrupt routine ssssssse 42 Appendix E Programming 8254 Timer Counter Introd ctioT c 43 Counter Read Write and Control Register
36. on and 8Hz low pass filter 2 Introduction AX5411H General Purpose DA amp C Board User s Manual 1 2 Specifications A D Subsystem Numberof inputs 16 single ended Resolution 12 bits Sampling Rate 60KHz max A D Conversion Time 15us max Channel Acquisition Time 5usmax Sysem Accuracy 0 03 FSR Input Ranges 9 10V 95V 92 5V 91 25V 90 625V 90 3125V All ranges software selectable Output Coding Offset binary Maximum Input Without Damage e PowerOn 930V e PowerOff 945V Input Impedance e Off Channel 100 megohms 10pF e On Channel 210 megohms 50pF Nonlinearity 91 LSB Differential Nonlinearity 91 LSB Inherent Quantizing Eror 91 LSB Zero Drift e Bipolar 17ppm of FSR C Gain Drift 30ppm of FSR C Monotonicity Monotonic 0 70C D ASubsystem Introduction BiasCurrent 2100nA Numberof channels 2 Output Ranges Oto 5V Oto 10V Input data coding Straight binary Current Output Voltage range 4 5mA max Protection Shortcircuit to Common for voltage ranges Current outputs are short circuit and reverse polarity protected AX5411H General Purpose DA amp C Board User s Manual Accuracy W Resolution 12bits W Nonlinearity 91 LSB Gain Eror Adjustable to zero Zero Eror Adjustable to zero System Accuracy 0 025 FSR voltage out Dynamic Performance E Setting Time to 1 2LSB e 10V step 30us e 5V step 20us E Sew Rate 0 3V usTYP voltage 1 2mA us current W DAC Throug
37. pt handler is completed The interrupt handler routine must be provided to access whatever tasks you required when an interrupt is occurred The handler routine used registers had to be carefully saved avoiding destroy any previous used data Technical Reference 41 AX5411H General Purpose DA amp C Board User s Manual How to use interrupt to transfer data from the AX5411H Using interrupt to deal with acquired data is an intellectual strategy AX5411H utilizes hardware and software abilities to support you to handle interrupt data transfer function Hardware ability is build on the board check your PC interrupt channel availability from level 2 to level 15 Software driver has supported INTR and READ_ST function to access interrupt How to write interrupt routine Not any routine is provided by the PC s operation system for programming the interrupt controller In order to use the interrupt effectively and correctly you must write your interrupt handler as following steps 1 Disable card s control register interrupt bit Save old interrupt vector Clear processor interrupt flag Setup specified interrupt vector 2 3 4 5 Reset 8259 IMR interrupt mask register related bit 6 Enable card scontrol register interrupt bit 7 Set processor interrupt flag 42 Technical Reference AX5411H General Purpose DA amp C Board User s Manual Appendix E Programming 8254 Timer Counter Introduction AXIOMTEK s DAS board uses IN
38. rol register is used to determine counter s operation 44 Programming 8254 Timer Counter AX5411H General Purpose DA amp C Board User s Manual Control Word Format Address base 15 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 DO BCD SC Select Counter M MODE SC1 SCO M2 M1 MO 0 o SelectCountero f o o o modo o 1 p Moder 1 o SelectCounter2 f x o o Mode2 See Read Operations i o jo Mode i o j Mode W Read Write BCD Binary Coded Decimal RW1 RWO 0 Binary Counter 16 Bit 1 Binary Coded Decimal BCD 4 Decades NOTE Don t Care bits X Uo See Read Operations significant byte only Read Write most should be 0 to insure nom compatibility with future Read Write least products significant byte first then most significant byte Programming 8254 Timer Counter 45 AX5411H General Purpose DA amp C Board User s Manual Read Back Command The read back command allows the user to check the count value programmed Mode and current state of the OUT pin and Null Count flag of the selected counter s The command is written into the Control Word Register and has the format shown is Figure 8 The command applies to the counters selected by setting their corresponding bits D3 D2 D1 1 Base Address 4 15 D7 D6 D5 D1 ar Ec ECTS IHE D5 0 Latch count of selected Counters s D4 0 Latch status of selected Counters s D3 1 Select Counter 2 D2 1 Select Counter
39. y Card Make sure that all of the items listed above are present What To Do If There Is A Problem If there are damaged or missing parts contact your supplier and or dealer immediately Do not attempt to use the product if there is damage to any of its components vi This page does not contain any information Table of Contents Chapter 1 Introduction 1 1 General Descrlplion eerie cnin Leinen thoi 1 1 1 1 Accessories Available eeessee 2 jo E io en 3 Chapter 2 Installation 2 4 Base I O Port Address 7 2 1 1 Base Address Switch Setting 7 2 2 Full Range Selection 8 2 2 1 A D full range selection J P10 8 2 2 2 D A full range selection J P6 9 2 3 DMA Channel Selection 10 2 4 IRQ Level Selection JP4 10 25 User Connections oos n ai ak ER XRERAKRRANDRRAAE MATE 11 2 6 Hardware Installation 14 26 1 Boaird in Stella tiOM Rsnstemastociadssnssieneleieadoncttares 14 Chapter 3 Register Structure amp Format 3 4 AX5411H I O Address MAP 15 3 1 1 A D Data Register base40 amp base 1 Read Only 16 Chapter 4 Calibration 4 1 AD CallBEatof a enda Rin RERUM I P ERUE RII 23 Chapter 5 Device Driver 5 1 General Description uie eicisie a 25 5 2 Pr

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