Template for CSL manuals
Contents
1. A 1 B Example Programs ici B 1 B 1 257 Program Examples cesecsecseeereeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseenseenaees B 1 B 1 1 CR6 Program Measuring a 107 and 257 eeeeeeeee eee B 2 B 1 2 CR1000 Program Measuring a 107 and 257 0 B 2 B 2 253 Program Example cesecsecseeereeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseceseeeseenaees B 3 B 2 1 CR1000 Program Measuring Five 107s and Five 257s B 3 Figures Tables 7 1 7 3 7 4 7 5 7 6 B 1 B 2 257 Soil Matric Potential Sensor with capacitor circuit and completion resistor installed in cable Model 253 is the same except that it does not have completion circuitry in the cable 9 AA iii dA nidi 12 253 wiring example i 13 257 WIDE aaa 11 257 to AM16 32 series Multiplexer Wiring eeeeeeeeeees 12 Datalogger to AM16 32 series Multiplexer Wiring 2 x 32 Mode 13 Excitation and Voltage Ranges for CRBasic Dataloggers 14 Comparison of Estimated Soil Water Potential and R at 21 C 16 Conversion of Matric Potential to Other Units 16 107 257 Wiring for Example Program ie B 1 Wiring fot 253 Example tenia B 3 253 and 257 Soil Matric Potential Sensors 1 Introduction The 253 and 257 soil matric potential sensors are solid state electrical resistance sensing devices with a granular matrix that estimate soil water potenti2. 0 454 kg Length 1 in inch 25 4 mm 1 ft foot 304 8 mm Pressure 1 psi Ib in 68 95 mb 1 yard 0 914 m 1 mile 1 609 km Volume 1 UK pint 568 3 ml 1 UK gallon 4 546 litres 1 US gallon 3 785 litres In addition while most of the information in the manual is correct for all countries certain information 1s specific to the North American market and so may not be applicable to European users Differences include the U S standard external power supply details where some information for example the AC transformer input voltage will not be applicable for British European use Please note however that when a power supply adapter is ordered it will be suitable for use in your country Reference to some radio transmitters digital cell phones and aerials may also not be applicable according to your locality Some brackets shields and enclosure options including wiring are not sold as standard items in the European market in some cases alternatives are offered Details of the alternatives will be covered in separate manuals Part numbers prefixed with a FP symbol are special order parts for use with non EU variants or for special installations Please quote the full part number with the when ordering Recycling information At the end of this product s life it should not be put in commercial or domestic refuse but sent for recycling Any batteries contained within the product or used during the products li
3. Appendix A Importing Short Cut Code This tutorial shows NOTE e How to import a Short Cut program into a program editor for additional refinement e How to import a wiring diagram from Short Cut into the comments of a custom program Short Cut creates files that can be imported into either CRBasic Editor These files normally reside in the C campbellsci SC Win folder and have the following extensions DEF wiring and memory usage information CR6 CR6 datalogger code CR1 CR1000 datalogger code CR8 CR800 datalogger code CR3 CR3000 datalogger code CR5 CR5000 datalogger code Use the following procedure to import Short Cut code into CRBasic Editor 1 Create the Short Cut program following the procedure in Section 4 Quickstart p 2 Finish the program and exit Short Cut Make note of the file name used when saving the Short Cut program Open CRBasic Editor Click File Open Assuming the default paths were used when Short Cut was installed navigate to C CampbellSci SCWin folder The file of interest has a CRO CR1 CR8 CR3 or CR5 extension for CR6 CR1000 CR800 CR3000 or CR5000 dataloggers respectively Select the file and click Open Immediately save the file in a folder different from Campbellsci SCWin or save the file with a different file name Once the file is edited with CRBasic Editor Short Cut can no longer be used to edit the datalogger program
4. 0 2 bars Soil Reference Temperature deg C 107 0 G N Model 257 Watermark 200 Soil A Units for Soil Water Potential kPa Bars Units for Resistance kilohms A soil temperature reference is required for this sensor Therefore a soil n temperature sensor must be selected and configured before selecting and configuring this sensor This sensor file nravides a convenient method for estimatina soil water 7 After selecting the sensor click at the left of the screen on Wiring Diagram to see how the sensor is to be wired to the datalogger The wiring diagram can be printed out now or after more sensors are added Short Cut CR1000 C val re Eile Program Tools Help CR1000 Progress E New Open CR1000 Wiring Diagram for 257 SCW Wiring details can be found in the help file 2 Datalogger 107 T107_C CR1000 3 Sensors 4 Outputs es sie er Clear Ground 5 Finish Purple Ground Black VX1 or EX1 Wiring 7 257 kohms WP_kPa CR1000 Wiring Diagram ES Pa Wiring Text White Ground clear EG roune Black VX2 or EX2 8 Select any other sensors you have then finish the remaining Short Cut steps to complete the program The remaining steps are outlined in Short Cut Help which is accessed by clicking on Help Contents Programming Steps 10 User Manual If LoggerNet PC400 RTDAQ or PC200W is running on your PC and the PC t
5. 257 Wiring Wire Wire Function Datalogger Connection Terminal Colour Black Voltage U configured for voltage excitation excitation input EX VX voltage excitation Red Analogue U configured for single ended analogue voltage output input SE single ended analogue voltage input White Negative signal AG or analogue ground Clear Shield AG or analogue ground U channels are automatically configured by the measurement instruction 11 253 and 257 Soil Matric Potential Sensors SRR SSS See ese SSeS eee eee BLACK de 1KQ 1 i VX or EX EA AR a I RED Zu 100 pfd Rs WHITE j AG or i i An Al j CLEAR i Figure 7 1 257 schematic 7 2 2 253 Wiring The 253 typically connects to an AM16 32 series multiplexer Table 7 2 but it also is compatible with the long retired AM32 and AM416 multiplexers Table 7 2 257 to AM16 32 series Multiplexer Wiring Multiplexer Connection Wire Colour Wire Function Terminal White Voltage excitation input H Black Analogue voltage output L Clear Shield Y or ground The multiplexer connects to the datalogger refer to the multiplexer manual or www campbellsci com am16 32b ordering for information on the cables available for connecting the multiplexer to the datalogger A 1000 ohm resistor at the datalogger wiring panel is used to complete the half bridge circuitry Table 7 3 and Figure 7 2 show the datalogge
6. Change the name of the program file or move it or Short Cut may overwrite it next time it is used The program can now be edited saved and sent to the datalogger Import wiring information to the program by opening the associated DEF file Copy and paste the section beginning with heading Wiring for CRXXX into the CRBasic program usually at the head of the file After pasting edit the information such that a character single quotation mark begins each line This character instructs the datalogger compiler to ignore the line when compiling the datalogger code Appendix B Example Programs These examples show programs written for the CR1000 and the CR6 dataloggers With minor changes to excitation and voltage ranges the code in the CR1000 examples will work with all compatible CRBasic dataloggers see Table 7 4 B 1 257 Program Examples The following examples demonstrate the programming used to measure the resistance kQ of one 257 sensor with the datalogger A 107 temperature probe is measured first for temperature correction of the 257 reading The linear equation is used and the non linear equation is included in the program notes To use the non linear equation remove the linear equation from the program and uncomment the non linear equation Voltage range codes for other CRBasic dataloggers are shown in Table 7 4 Sensor wiring for this example is shown in Table B 1 Table B 1 107 25
7. K User Manual 6 Under the Available Sensors and Devices list select Devices folder then select AM16 32 Click to move the selection to the Selected device window File Program Tools Progress 1 New Open 2 Datalogger 3 Sensors 4 Outputs 5 Finish Wiring Wiring Diagram Wiring Text Help Available Sensors and Devices Selected 4 y Sensors Generic Measurements Geotechnical amp Structural Meteorological Y Miscellaneous Sensors Temperature Water 44 Calculations amp Control 3 Calculations a Control 4 Devices 1 AM16 32 D AM25T Q AM32 1 AM416 AVW200 L LLAC4 O sw12v m CR1000 i Sensor Measurement 4 CR1000 4 Default Edit Battv PTemp_C Remove AM16 32 AM16 32A and AM16 32B Multiplexers a The AM16 32 Multiplexer increases the number of sensors that can be measured by a datalogger It sequentially multiplexes 16 groups of four lines a total of 64 lines through four common terminals 4 Previous Next gt Finish Help Under the Sensors list select the Meteorological Soil Moisture 253 Soil Moisture Sensor Click to move the selection to the Selected device window Select the number of sensors resistance units soil water potential units soil water potential range and soil reference temperature Wiring Diagram Wiring Text Q Full Bridge Strain 3
8. Manuals are available at www campbellsci eu or by telephoning 44 0 1509 828 888 UK You are responsible for conformance with governing codes and regulations including safety regulations and the integrity and location of structures or land to which towers tripods and any attachments are attached Installation sites should be evaluated and approved by a qualified engineer If questions or concerns arise regarding installation use or maintenance of tripods towers attachments or electrical connections consult with a licensed and qualified engineer or electrician General e Prior to performing site or installation work obtain required approvals and permits Comply with all governing structure height regulations such as those of the FAA in the USA e Use only qualified personnel for installation use and maintenance of tripods and towers and any attachments to tripods and towers The use of licensed and qualified contractors is highly recommended e Read all applicable instructions carefully and understand procedures thoroughly before beginning work e Wear a hardhat and eye protection and take other appropriate safety precautions while working on or around tripods and towers e Do not climb tripods or towers at any time and prohibit climbing by other persons Take reasonable precautions to secure tripod and tower sites from trespassers e Use only manufacturer recommended parts materials and tools Utility and Electrical e You c
9. measurements beyond 125 kPa have not been verified but work in practice The following equation normalizes the resistance measurement to 21 C R S R 2 1 0 018 dT where Rz resistance at 21 C R the measured resistance dT T 21 T soil temperature Water potential is then calculated from R3 with the relationship SWP 7 407 R 3 704 where SWP is soil water potential in kPa 7 3 3 2 Non Linear Relationship For more precise work calibration and temperature compensation in the range of 10 to 100 kPa has been refined by Thompson and Armstrong 1987 as defined in the non linear equation R S 0 01306 1 062 34 21 T 0 01060T R where SWP is soil water potential in kPa 15 253 and 257 Soil Matric Potential Sensors 16 Table 7 5 Comparison of Estimated Soil Water Potential and R at 21 C kPa Non kPa Linear Linear R Equation Equation kOhms 3 7 1 00 9 11 2 00 14 18 3 00 20 26 4 00 27 33 5 00 35 41 6 00 45 48 7 00 56 56 8 00 69 63 9 00 85 70 10 00 105 78 11 00 85 12 00 92 13 00 99 14 00 107 15 00 115 16 00 122 17 00 129 18 00 144 20 00 159 22 00 174 24 00 188 26 00 199 27 50 7 3 3 3 Soil Water Matric Potential in Other Units To report measurement results in other units multiply the result from the linear or non linear equ
10. resistors are connected to the datalogger wiring panel A capacitor circuit is not required for the 253 on a multiplexer because the electrical connection between the sensor and the datalogger is interrupted when the multiplexer is deactivated Any potential difference between the datalogger earth ground and the electrodes in the sensor is thus eliminated The 253 and 257 consist of two concentric electrodes embedded in a reference granular matrix material The granular matrix material is surrounded by a synthetic membrane for protection against deterioration An internal gypsum tablet buffers against the salinity levels found in irrigated soils If cultivation practices allow the sensor can be left in the soil all year eliminating the need to remove the sensor during the winter months Figure 5 1 257 Soil Matric Potential Sensor with capacitor circuit and completion resistor installed in cable Model 253 is the same except that it does not have completion circuitry in the cable 253 and 257 Soil Matric Potential Sensors 6 Specifications 7 10 Operation Features Survives freeze thaw cycles Rugged long lasting sensor Buffers salts in soil No maintenance required The 257 contains blocking capacitors in its cable that minimizes galvanic degradation and measurement errors due to ground loops e For the 253 the multiplexer connection prevents electrolysis from prematurely destroying the probe e Compatible with Campb
11. 2 IL COM EVEN H Ground COM EVEN L 1000 ohm resistor from SE2 to VX2 1H 107 Black Excitation IL Red Positive Signal GROUND Purple Negative Signal GROUND Clear Shield 2H 253 White Positive Signal 2L Black Negative Signal GROUND Clear Shield Continue wiring sensors to multiplexer with 107 probes attaching to odd numbered channels and 253 sensors to even numbered channels AM16 32 in 4x16 mode B 3 253 L and 257 L Soil Matric Potential Sensors CR1000 Public T107_C 5 WP_kPa 5 kOhms 5 Dim i Units T107_C Deg C Units kOhms kOhms Units WP_kPa kPa DataTable Hourly true 1 DataInterval 60 Min 10 Average 5 T107_C FP2 Sample 5 WP_kPa FP2 Sample 5 kOhms FP2 EndTable BeginProg Scan 60 Sec 3 0 PortSet 1 1 Turn AM16 32 Multiplexer On Delay 0 150 mSec ist SubScan uSec 5 PulsePort 2 10000 Soil temperature measurement Therm107 T107_C i 1 1 VX1 0 250 1 0 253 Soil Moisture Sensor measurements BrHalf kOhms i 1 mV250 2 VX2 1 250 true 0 250 1 0 Convert resistance ratios to ROhms kOhms i kOhms i 1 kOhms i i i 1 NextSubScan PortSet 1 0 Turn AM16 32 Multiplexer Off Convert kOhms to water potential For i 1 To 5 For Linear equation 0 200 kPa use this equation WP_kPa i 7 407 kOhms i 1 018 T107_C i 21 3 704 For non linear equation 10 100 kPa uncomment and use this equation WP_kPa i kOhms i 0 01306 1 062 34 21 T107_C i 0 0106 T107_C
12. 2 Select Datalogger 3 Select Sensors 4 Select Outputs 5 Finish Compile the Program lt I Click New Program to begin Click Open Program to open an existing Short Cut program Open Program User Manual 4 Select Datalogger Model and Scan Interval default of 5 seconds is OK for most applications Click Next File Program Tools Help Test Progress Select the Datalogger Model for 1 New Open which you wish to create a 2 Datalogger z lt L ipods 3 Sensors 4 Outputs Select the Scan Interval This is how frequen na 5 Seconds 7 Ua Dre Bind Wiring Wiring Diagram Wiring Text 5 Under the Available Sensors and Devices list select the Sensors folder then select the Temperature sub folder Select 107 Temperature Probe Click to move the selection to the Selected device window Use the default units of degree Celsius Click OK File Program Tools Help Test Available Sensors and Devices Selected Progress Ey CR1000 Sensor Measurement 1 New Open a y Sensors 4 CR1000 2 Datalogger A Generic Measurements Geotechnical amp Structural 4 Default Battv 3 Sensors i Meteorological PTemp_C m 4 Outputs LA Miscellaneous Sensors 5 Finish gt 4 ly Temperature Q 105E chromel constantani L 105T copper constantan Wiring gt _ 107 Temperature Probe e oa Wiring Diagram L 108 Temperatui L 109 Temperatur 107 Temperature Probe Q 110P
13. 50 ohm L Half Bridge Strain 1000 ohm 1 L Half Bridge Strain 120 ohm w Q Half Bridge Strain 350 ohm w A Quarter Bridge Strain 3 wire Q Quarter Bridge Strain 3 wire Q Quarter Bridge Strain 3 wire gt Meteorological 2 Soil Mosture I Sensor O 223 Soil Moist 1 253 Soil Moisture Sensor 1 CS615 Water Content Reflect r n n 9 Short Cut CR1000 AM16 32 C Campbellsci SCWin untitled scw Scan Interval 30 0000 Seconds Sa File Program Tools Help Available Sensors and Devices Selected Progress 5 AM16 32 Sensor Measurement 1 New Open 4 lt z 4 CR1000 2 Datalogger 4 eneric surements Q Differential Voltage 4 Default Battv en uns Q Full Bridge PTemp_C 4 Outputs 3 iB Single Ended Voltage 107 T107_C Gi Finish e Geotechnical amp Structural AM16 22 not a 5 Strain Foil Bonded Q Full Bridge Strain 1000 ohm Wiring L Full Bridge Strain 120 ohm OQ cs616 4 Temperature CEE TS L 107 Tempe Properties Wiring O 107 Tempel Q 108 Tempe 1 108 Tempe ce ER1000 Am16 32 How many 253 sensors Max 32 10 Resistance kohms kilohms IS Soil Water Potential we_kpa Soil Water Potential Range 0 200 kPa 0 2 bars Soil Reference Temperature deg C T107_C y kPa Model 253 Watermark 200 Soil Moi Units for Soil Water Potential kPa Units for Resistance kilohm The switch on the
14. 7 Wiring for Example Program Sensor Wire Function CR1000 CR6 107 Black Excitation VXI U1 Red Positive Signal SE1 1H U2 Purple Negative Signal 4 4 Clear Shield 4 4 257 Black Excitation VX2 U4 Red Positive Signal SE2 1L U3 White Negative Signal 4 Clear Shield B 1 253 L and 257 L Soil Matric Potential Sensors B 1 1 CR6 Program Measuring a 107 and 257 CR6 Public T107_C kOhms WP_kPa Units T107_C Deg C Units kOhms kOhms Units WP_kPa kPa DataTable Hourly True 1 DataInterval 60 Min 10 Average 1 T107_C FP2 False Sample 1 WP_kPa FP2 EndTable BeginProg Scan 1 Sec 1 0 107 Temperature Sensor measurement T107_C Therm1 7 T107_C 1 U2 U1 0 60 1 0 257 Soil matric potential Sensor measurements BrHalf kohms 1 mV200 U3 U4 1 200 True 250 1 0 kOhms kOhms 1 kOhms Equation for Linear 0 to 200 kPa relationship WP_kPa 7 407 kOhms 1 0 018 T107_C 21 3 704 For non Linear 10 to 100 kPa relationship use the following equation WP_kPa kOhms 0 01306 1 062 34 21 T107_C 0 01060 T107_C 2 kOhms CallTable Hourly Call Data Table and Store Data NextScan EndProg B 1 2 CR1000 Program Measuring a 107 and 257 CR1000 Public T107_C kOhms WP_kPa Units T107_C Deg C Units kOhms kOhms Units WP_kPa kPa DataTable Hourly True 1 DataInterval 60 Min 10 Average 1 T107_C FP2 False Sample 1 WP_kPa FP2 EndTable BeginProg Scan 1 Sec 1 0 107 Temperat
15. EST DEGREE OF SAFETY IN ALL CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC PRODUCTS THE CUSTOMER ASSUMES ALL RISK FROM ANY INJURY RESULTING FROM IMPROPER INSTALLATION USE OR MAINTENANCE OF TRIPODS TOWERS OR ATTACHMENTS TO TRIPODS AND TOWERS SUCH AS SENSORS CROSSARMS ENCLOSURES ANTENNAS ETC Contents PDF viewers These page numbers refer to the printed version of this document Use the PDF reader bookmarks tab for links to specific sections An Introduction rra 1 2 Cautionary Statements unnuuusnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnen 1 3 Initial Inspeection 22 ea senina cian 1 4 Quickstart cicunsssan ea nanenenknn 2 4 1 1 257 SCWin Programming iii 2 4 1 2 253 SCWin Programming iii 5 Ds COVE Wii es 8 6 Specifications rercezzenizzinznzo 10 Le Operation dad 10 7 1 Installation Removal nono nonnnnncconoc noc nccnnccn conos 10 Teds O 11 1 21 A eae Ba Ban te 11 122 2 7293 WU iia 12 7 3 NA 14 7 3 1 BRA alt Instruction ins 14 7 3 2 Resistance Calculation ienna 14 7 33 Soil Water Potential Calculation i 15 7 3 3 1 Linear Relationship sssrinin 15 7 3 3 2 Non Linear Relationship i 15 733 3 Soil Water Matric Potential in Other Units 16 7 4 Interpreting Results uit 17 8 Troubleshoofting 2 ae 17 9 Reference re 18 Appendices A Importing Short Cut Code
16. IVANVIA WAS CAMPBELL 5 SCIENTIFIC WHEN MEASUREMENTS MATTER 253 and 257 Soil Matric Potential Sensors Issued 10 11 15 Copyright O 1993 2015 Campbell Scientific Inc Printed under licence by Campbell Scientific Ltd CSL 272 Guarantee This equipment is guaranteed against defects in materials and workmanship We will repair or replace products which prove to be defective during the guarantee period as detailed on your invoice provided they are returned to us prepaid The guarantee will not apply to e Equipment which has been modified or altered in any way without the written permission of Campbell Scientific e Batteries e Any product which has been subjected to misuse neglect acts of God or damage in transit Campbell Scientific will return guaranteed equipment by surface carrier prepaid Campbell Scientific will not reimburse the claimant for costs incurred in removing and or reinstalling equipment This guarantee and the Company s obligation thereunder is in lieu of all other guarantees expressed or implied including those of suitability and fitness for a particular purpose Campbell Scientific is not liable for consequential damage Please inform us before returning equipment and obtain a Repair Reference Number whether the repair is under guarantee or not Please state the faults as clearly as possible and if the product is out of the guarantee period it should be accompanied by a purchase order Q
17. M16 32 CACa sw Scan Interval File Program Tools Help Progress Datalogger Model Select the Datalogger Model for 1 New Open which you wish to create a rogram 2 Datalogger SH CR1000 v progi 3 Sensors 4 Outputs Scan Interval Select the Scan Interval 5 Finish This is how frequently pa Seconds measurements are made Wiring Wiring Diagram Wiring Text Next gt Finish Help 4 Previous 5 Under the Available Sensors and Devices list select the Sensors folder then select the Temperature sub folder Select 107 Temperature Probe Click to move the selection to the Selected device window Use the default units of degree Celsius Click OK Eile Program Tools Help Test Available Sensors and Devices Selected Sue 2 cr1000 Sensor Measurement 1 New Open gt 4 Sensors ps 2 Datalogger A Generic Measurements A Geotechnical amp Structural 4 Default Battv a Meteorological PTemp_C 4 Outputs Miscellaneous Sensors 5 Finish gt 4 Temperature L 105E chromel constantan Q 105T copper constantan Wiring gt _ 107 Temperature Probe n Wiring Diagram L 108 Temperatur L 109 Temperatur Vek ithe Q 110PV Surface Wiring Temperature T107_C Degc a Ca 43347 L IRTS P Precisiof Q SI 111 Precisior Q Type E chrome Tyne 1 firon cal CR1000 J 107 Temperature Probe Units for Temperature Deg C Deg F
18. V Surface properties Wiring LA 43347 L IRTS P Precisiol SI 111 Precision L Type E chrome I Tyne 1 firon col Wiring Text Temperature T107_C Dege y ao 107 Temperature Probe Units for Temperature Deg C Deg F K 253 and 257 Soil Matric Potential Sensors 6 Under the Available Sensors and Devices list select the Sensors Meteorological Soil Moisture 257 Soil Moisture Sensor Click move the selection to the Selected device window Select the resistance units soil water units soil water potential range and soil reference temperature 8 Short Cut CR1000 CACampbellsci SCWin untitled scw Scan Interval 5 0000 Seconda i a gt File Program Tools Help Available Sensors and Devices Selected Tonen Ey CR1000 Sensor Measurement 1 New Open a y Sensors di tina 2 Datalogger Ta Generic surements 14 Geotechnical amp Struggural 4 Default Battv 3 Sensors 4 amp Meteorological PTemp_C 4 Outputs Y Barometric Pressui LA Precipitation TA Present Weather Wiring G Relative Humidity amp Temperat Wiring Diagram 4 amp Soil Moisture L 227 Soil Moisture Block Waing Text 3 257 Soil Moisture Sensor 5 lt 1 L CS615 Water Content Refle _ CS616 Water Content Refle m 5 Finish La Cloud Height Properties Wiring Resistance kohms kilohms Soil Water Potential WP_kPa kPa gt lt Soil Water Potential Range 0 200 kPa
19. al between 0 and 2 bars typically wetter or irrigated soils The 253 needs to be connected to an AM16 32 series multiplexer and is intended for applications where a larger number of sensors will be monitored The 257 connects directly to our dataloggers NOTE This manual provides information only for CRBasic dataloggers It is also compatible with our retired Edlog dataloggers For Edlog datalogger support see an older manual at www campbellsci com old manuals or contact a Campbell Scientific application engineer for assistance 2 Cautionary Statements e READ AND UNDERSTAND the Precautions section at the front of this manual e The black outer jacket of the cable is Santoprene rubber This jacket will support combustion in air It is rated as slow burning when tested according to U L 94 H B and will pass FMVSS302 Local fire codes may preclude its use inside buildings e Avoid installing in depressions where water will puddle after a rain storm e Don t place the 253 or 257 in high spots or near changes in slope unless wanting to measure the variability created by such differences e When removing the sensor prior to harvest of annual crops do so just after the last irrigation when the soil is moist e When removing a sensor do not pull the sensor out by its wires e Careful removal prevents sensor and membrane damage 3 Initial Inspection e Upon receipt of a 253 or 257 inspect the packaging and contents for d
20. amage File damage claims with the shipping company e The model number and cable length are printed on a label at the connection end of the cable Check this information against the shipping documents to ensure the correct product and cable length are received 253 and 257 Soil Matric Potential Sensors 4 Quickstart NOTE Short Cut is an easy way to program your datalogger to measure the 253 or 257 and assign datalogger wiring terminals The following sections show using Short Cut to program the 253 and 257 Short Cut requires the use of a soil temperature sensor before the 253 or 257 sensor is added This is needed because there is a temperature correction factor in the equations that convert sensor resistance In these Quickstart examples a 107 L temperature probe is used to measure soil temperature 4 1 1 257 SCWin Programming 1 Install Short Cut by clicking on the install file icon Get the install file from either www campbellsci com the ResourceDVD or find it in installations of LoggerNet PC200W PC400 or RTDAQ software E SON The Short Cut installation should place a shortcut icon on the desktop of your computer To open Short Cut click on this icon Do When Short Cut opens select New Program File Program Tools Help Test Progress 1 New Open Welcome to Short Cut Short Cut will help you generate a datalogger program The basic steps are 1 Create New Open Program
21. an be killed or sustain serious bodily injury if the tripod tower or attachments you are installing constructing using or maintaining or a tool stake or anchor come in contact with overhead or underground utility lines e Maintain a distance of at least one and one half times structure height or 20 feet or the distance required by applicable law whichever is greater between overhead utility lines and the structure tripod tower attachments or tools e Prior to performing site or installation work inform all utility companies and have all underground utilities marked e Comply with all electrical codes Electrical equipment and related grounding devices should be installed by a licensed and qualified electrician Elevated Work and Weather e Exercise extreme caution when performing elevated work e Use appropriate equipment and safety practices e During installation and maintenance keep tower and tripod sites clear of un trained or non essential personnel Take precautions to prevent elevated tools and objects from dropping e Do not perform any work in inclement weather including wind rain snow lightning etc Maintenance e Periodically at least yearly check for wear and damage including corrosion stress cracks frayed cables loose cable clamps cable tightness etc and take necessary corrective actions e Periodically at least yearly check electrical ground connections WHILE EVERY ATTEMPT IS MADE TO EMBODY THE HIGH
22. ation by the appropriate conversion constant from Table 7 6 Table 7 6 Conversion of Matric Potential to Other Units Desired Unit Multiply Result By kPa 1 0 MPa 0 001 Bar 0 01 User Manual 7 4 Interpreting Results As a general guide 253 and 257 measurements indicate soil matric potential as follows Oto 10kPa Saturated soil 10to 20kPa Soil is adequately wet except coarse sands which are beginning to lose water 20 to 60 kPa Usual range for irrigation except heavy clay 60 to 100 kPa Usual range for irrigation for heavy clay soils 100 to 200 kPa Soil is becoming dangerously dry for maximum production 8 Troubleshooting NOTE All factory repairs and recalibrations require a returned material authorization RMA and completion of the Declaration of Hazardous Material and Decontamination form Refer to the Assistance page at the beginning of this manual for more information To test the sensor submerge it in water Measurements should be from 3 to 3 kPa Let the sensor dry for 30 to 48 hours You should see the reading increase from 0 to 15 000 kPa If the reading does not increase to 15 000 kPA replace the sensor If the reading increases as expected put the sensor back in the water The reading should run right back down to zero in 1 to 2 minutes If the sensor passes these tests but it is still not functioning properly consider the f
23. de an expression that calculates resistance If the result of the BRHalf instruction is assigned to a variable called kOhms then use the following expression to calculate resistance kOhms 1 kOhms 1 kOhms User Manual where the 1 represents the value of the reference resistor in kOhms and can be omitted from the expression if desired 7 3 3 Soil Water Potential Calculation The datalogger calculates soil water potential kPa from the sensor resistance Ry and soil temperature T Soil temperatures vary widely where placement is shallow and solar radiation impinges on the soil surface A soil temperature measurement may be needed in such situations particularly in research applications Many applications however require deep placement 12 to 25 cm in soils shaded by a crop canopy A common practice for deep or shaded sensors is to assume the air temperature at sunrise will be close to what the soil temperature will be for the day The equation used to calculate soil potential depends on whether the soil water potential and temperature responses are assumed to be linear or non linear The following sections describe the linear and non linear relationships Table 7 5 provides a comparison of the soil water potential estimates using the linear and non linear equations 7 3 3 1 Linear Relationship Assume the water potential and temperature responses are linear if the soil water potential will be in the range of 0 to 200 kPa
24. ell Scientific CRBasic Dataloggers CR6 CR800 series CR1000 CR3000 and CR5000 Range 0 to 200 kPa Dimensions 8 26 cm 3 25 in Diameter 1 91 cm 0 75 in Weight 363 g 0 8 Ib If you are programming your datalogger with Short Cut skip Section 7 2 Wiring p 11 and Section 7 3 Programming p 147 Short Cut does this work for you See Section 4 Quickstart p 2 for a Short Cut tutorial 7 1 Installation Removal NOTE Placement of the sensor is important To acquire representative measurements avoid high spots slope changes or depressions where water puddles Typically the sensor should be located in the root system of the crop 1 Soak sensors in water for one hour then allow them to dry ideally for 1 to 2 days 2 Repeat Step 1 twice if time permits 3 Make the sensor access holes to the required depth Often a 22 mm 7 8 in diameter rod can be used to make the hole However if the soil is very coarse or gravelly an oversized hole 25 to 32 mm may be required to prevent abrasion damage to the sensor membrane The ideal method of making an oversized access hole is to have a stepped tool that makes an oversized hole for the upper portion and an exact size hole for the lower portion 4 If the hole is oversized 25 to 32 mm mix a slurry of soil and water to a creamy consistency and place it into the sensor access hole 5 Insert the sensors in the sensor access hole A length of 1 2 inch class 315 PVC pi
25. fe should be removed from the product and also be sent to an appropriate recycling facility Campbell Scientific Ltd can advise on the recycling of the equipment and in some cases Sa arrange collection and the correct disposal of it although charges may apply for some items or territories For further advice or support please contact Campbell Scientific Ltd or your local agent z CAMPBELL 5 SCIENTIFIC Campbell Scientific Ltd 80 Hathern Road Shepshed Loughborough LE12 9GX UK Tel 44 0 1509 601141 Fax 44 0 1509 601091 Email support campbellsci co uk www campbellsci co uk Precautions DANGER MANY HAZARDS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH INSTALLING USING MAINTAINING AND WORKING ON OR AROUND TRIPODS TOWERS AND ANY ATTACHMENTS TO TRIPODS AND TOWERS SUCH AS SENSORS CROSSARMS ENCLOSURES ANTENNAS ETC FAILURE TO PROPERLY AND COMPLETELY ASSEMBLE INSTALL OPERATE USE AND MAINTAIN TRIPODS TOWERS AND ATTACHMENTS AND FAILURE TO HEED WARNINGS INCREASES THE RISK OF DEATH ACCIDENT SERIOUS INJURY PROPERTY DAMAGE AND PRODUCT FAILURE TAKE ALL REASONABLE PRECAUTIONS TO AVOID THESE HAZARDS CHECK WITH YOUR ORGANIZATION S SAFETY COORDINATOR OR POLICY FOR PROCEDURES AND REQUIRED PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT PRIOR TO PERFORMING ANY WORK Use tripods towers and attachments to tripods and towers only for purposes for which they are designed Do not exceed design limits Be familiar and comply with all instructions provided in product manuals
26. i 2 kOhms i Next i CallTable Hourly Call Data Table and Store Data NextScan EndProg CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC COMPANIES Campbell Scientific Inc CSI 815 West 1800 North Logan Utah 84321 UNITED STATES www campbellsci com e info campbellsci com Campbell Scientific Africa Pty Ltd CSAf PO Box 2450 Somerset West 7129 SOUTH AFRICA www csafrica co za e sales csafrica co za Campbell Scientific Australia Pty Ltd CSA PO Box 8108 Garbutt Post Shop QLD 4814 AUSTRALIA www campbellsci com au e info campbellsci com au Campbell Scientific do Brazil Ltda CSB Rua Apinag s nbr 2018 Perdizes CEP 01258 00 S o Paulo SP BRAZIL www campbellsci com br e vendas campbellsci com br Campbell Scientific Canada Corp CSC 14532 131 Avenue NW Edmonton Alberta T5L 4X4 CANADA www campbellsci ca e dataloggers campbellsci ca Campbell Scientific Centro Caribe S A CSCC 300N Cementerio Edificio Breller Santo Domingo Heredia 40305 COSTA RICA www campbellsci cc e info campbellsci cc Campbell Scientific Ltd CSL 80 Hathern Road Shepshed Loughborough LE12 9GX UNITED KINGDOM www campbellsci co uk e sales campbellsci co uk Campbell Scientific Ltd France 3 Avenue de la Division Leclerc 92160 ANTONY FRANCE www campbellsci fr e info campbellsci fr Campbell Scientific Spain S L Avda Pompeu Fabra 7 9 Local 1 08024 BARCELONA SPAIN www campbellsci es e info campbellsci es Ca
27. mpbell Scientific Ltd Germany Fahrenheitstrasse13 D 28359 Bremen GERMANY www campbellsci de e info campbellsci de Campbell Scientific Beijing Co Ltd 8B16 Floor 8 Tower B Hanwei Plaza 7 Guanghua Road Chaoyang Beijing 100004 P R CHINA www campbellsci com e info campbellsci com cn Please visit www campbellsci com to obtain contact information for your local US or International representative
28. multiplexer wiring panel must be in the 2X32 mode Sensor 253 and 257 Soil Matric Potential Sensors 8 After selecting the sensor click at the left of the screen on Wiring Diagram to see how the sensor is to be wired to the datalogger The wiring diagram can be printed out now or after more sensors are added 5 Overview File Program Tools Help Progress ER2900 AM16 32 1 New Open CR1000 Wiring Diagram for 253 5CW Wiring details can be found in the help file 2 Datalogger A Sansom 107 T107_C CR1000 4 Outputs Es pi Clear Ground 5 Finish Purple Ground Black VX1 or EX1 Wiring a a AM16 32 2x32 mode CR1000 Wiring Diagram Ei su Wiring Text COM ODD H 1L CLK ci RES c2 GND G COM Ground Ground COMODDL Ground IL VX2 or EX2 1 kilohm 0 1 Resistor Print 9 Select any other sensors you have then finish the remaining Short Cut steps to complete the program The remaining steps are outlined in Short Cut Help which is accessed by clicking on Help Contents Programming Steps 10 If LoggerNet PC400 RTDAQ or PC200W is running on your PC and the PC to datalogger connection is active you can click Finish in Short Cut and you will be prompted to send the program just created to the datalogger 11 If the sensors are connected to the datalogger as shown in the wiring diagram in step 8 check the ou
29. o datalogger connection is active you can click Finish in Short Cut and you will be prompted to send the program just created to the datalogger If the sensors are connected to the datalogger as shown in the wiring diagram in step 7 check the output of the sensors in the datalogger support software data display to make sure it is making reasonable measurements 4 1 2 253 SCWin Programming NOTE 1 Install Short Cut by clicking on the install file icon Get the install file from either www campbellsci com the ResourceDVD or find it in installations of LoggerNet PC200W PC400 or RTDAQ software EY SOM exe The Short Cut installation should place a shortcut icon on the desktop of your computer To open Short Cut click on this icon De Sfiteni Curi When Short Cut opens select New Program file Program Tools Help Test Progress Welcome to Short Cut Short Cut will 1 New Open help you generate a datalogger program The basic steps are 1 Create New Open Program 2 Select Datalogger 3 Select Sensors Wiring 4 Select Outputs 5 Finish Compile the Program ajm Click New Program to begin Click Open Program to open an Sos pogam existing Short Cut program 4 Select the datalogger and enter the scan interval and select Next A scan rate of 30 seconds or longer is recommended when using a multiplexer 253 and 257 Soil Matric Potential Sensors Short Cut C 00 A
30. ollowing 1 Sensor may not have a snug fit in the soil This usually happens when an oversized access hole has been used and the backfilling of the area around the sensor is not complete Sensor is not in an active portion of the root system or the irrigation is not reaching the sensor area This can happen if the sensor is sitting on top of a rock or below a hard pan which may impede water movement Re installing the sensor usually solves this problem When the soil dries out to the point where you are seeing readings higher than 80 kPa the contact between soil and sensor can be lost because the soil may start to shrink away from the sensor An irrigation which only results in a partial rewetting of the soil will not fully rewet the sensor which can result in continued high readings from the 257 Full rewetting of the soil and sensor usually restores soil to sensor contact This is most often seen in the heavier soils and during peak crop water demand when irrigation may not be fully adequate The plotting of readings on a chart is most useful in getting a good picture of this sort of behaviour 17 253 and 257 Soil Matric Potential Sensors 9 Reference Thompson S J and C F Armstrong Calibration of the Watermark Model 200 Soil matric potential Sensor Applied Engineering in Agriculture Vol 3 No 2 pp 186 189 1987 Parts of this manual were contributed by Irrometer Company Inc manufacturer of the Watermark 200 18
31. ource for programming code to start a new program or add to an existing custom program Short Cut cannot edit programs after they are imported and edited in CRBasic Editor A Short Cut tutorial is available in Section 4 Quickstart p 2 If you wish to import Short Cut code into CRBasic Editor to create or add to a customized program follow the procedure in Appendix A Importing Short Cut Code p A 1 Programming basics for CRBasic dataloggers are in the following sections Complete program examples for select CRBasic dataloggers can be found in Appendix B Example Programs p B 1 Programming basics and programming examples for Edlog dataloggers are provided at www campbellsci com old manuals 7 3 1 BRHalf Instruction CRBasic dataloggers use the BRHalf instruction with the RevEx argument set to True to excite and measure the 253 and 257 The result of the BRHalf instruction is the ratio of the measured voltage divided by the excitation voltage The result needs to be converted to resistance and then converted to soil water potential Table 7 4 shows the excitation and voltage ranges used with the CRBasic dataloggers Table 7 4 Excitation and Voltage Ranges for CRBasic Dataloggers Datalogger mV excitation Full Scale Range CR800 Series 250 250 mV CR6 200 200 mV CR1000 250 250 mV CR3000 200 200 mV CR5000 200 200 mV 7 3 2 Resistance Calculation The CRBasic program should inclu
32. pe fits snugly over the sensor collar and can be used to push in the sensor The PVC can be left in place with the wires threaded through the pipe and the open end taped shut duct tape is adequate This practice also simplifies the removal of the sensors When using PVC piping solvent weld the PVC pipe to the sensor collar Use PVC ABS cement on the stainless User Manual steel sensors with the green top Use clear PVC cement only on the PVC sensors with the grey top 6 Force the soil or slurry to envelope the sensors This will ensure uniform soil contact NOTE Snug fit in the soil is extremely important Lack of a snug fit is the premier problem with sensor effectiveness 7 Carefully back fill the hole and tamp down to prevent air pockets which could allow water to channel down to the sensor 8 When removing sensors prior to harvest in annual crops do so just after the last irrigation when the soil is moist CAUTION Do not pull the sensor out by the wires Careful removal prevents sensor and membrane damage 9 When sensors are removed for winter storage clean dry and place them in a plastic bag 7 2 Wiring 7 2 1 257 Wiring The 257 s cable includes a capacitor circuit that stops galvanic action due to the differences in potential between the datalogger earth ground and the electrodes in the block This allows it to connect directly to a datalogger Table 7 1 and Figure 7 1 Table 7 1
33. r to multiplexer connections for the 2 x 32 mode Appendix B 2 253 Program Example p B 3 shows wiring for the 4 x 16 mode 12 Table 7 3 Datalogger to AM16 32 series Multiplexer Wiring 2 x 32 Mode Datalogger Connection Multiplexer Connection Terminal Terminal 12V 12V G G C control port RES C control port CLK U configured for voltage excitation EX VX voltage excitation 1000 resistor U configured for single ended COM ODD H analogue input SE single ended analogue voltage input AG or analogue ground COM ODD L AG or analogue ground COM Y or ground U channels are automatically configured by the measurement instruction DATALOGGER MULTIPLEXER SENSOR 253 CR1000 1KQ 0 1 COME Figure 7 2 253 wiring example AM16 32 2X32 Mode COM ODD H COM ODD L 1H IE Pup verona le User Manual 13 253 and 257 Soil Matric Potential Sensors 14 7 3 Programming NOTE Short Cut is the best source for up to date datalogger programming code Programming code is needed e when creating a program for a new datalogger installation e when adding sensors to an existing datalogger program If your data acquisition requirements are simple you can probably create and maintain a datalogger program exclusively with Short Cut If your data acquisition needs are more complex the files that Short Cut creates are a great s
34. tput of the sensors in the datalogger support software data display to make sure it is making reasonable measurements The 253 and 257 soil matric potential sensors provide a convenient method of estimating water potential of wetter soils in the range of O to 200 kPa The 253 is the Watermark 200 Soil Matric Potential Block modified for use with Campbell Scientific multiplexers and the 257 is the Watermark 200 Soil Matric Potential Block modified for use with Campbell Scientific dataloggers This manual refers to the sensors as the 257 and 253 The typical cable length for the 257 is 25 ft The following two cable termination options are offered for the 257 e Connector that attaches to a prewired enclosure cable termination option PW For 253 applications most of the cable length used is between the datalogger and the multiplexer which reduces overall cable costs and allows each cable attached to the 253 to be shorter The cable length of each 253 only needs to cover the distance from the multiplexer to the point of measurement Typical cable length for the 253 is 8 to 15 m The difference between the 253 and the 257 is that there is a capacitor circuit and completion resistor installed in the 257 cable Figure 5 1 to allow for direct User Manual connection to a datalogger while the 253 does not have any added circuitry For applications requiring many sensors on an analogue multiplexer the 253 is used and one or more completion
35. uotations for repairs can be given on request It is the policy of Campbell Scientific to protect the health of its employees and provide a safe working environment in support of this policy a Declaration of Hazardous Material and Decontamination form will be issued for completion When returning equipment the Repair Reference Number must be clearly marked on the outside of the package Complete the Declaration of Hazardous Material and Decontamination form and ensure a completed copy is returned with your goods Please note your Repair may not be processed if you do not include a copy of this form and Campbell Scientific Ltd reserves the right to return goods at the customers expense Note that goods sent air freight are subject to Customs clearance fees which Campbell Scientific will charge to customers In many cases these charges are greater than the cost of the repair x CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC Campbell Scientific Ltd 80 Hathern Road Shepshed Loughborough LE12 9GX UK Tel 44 0 1509 601141 Fax 44 0 1509 601091 Email support campbellsci co uk www campbellsci co uk PLEASE READ FIRST About this manual Please note that this manual was originally produced by Campbell Scientific Inc primarily for the North American market Some spellings weights and measures may reflect this origin Some useful conversion factors Area lin square inch 645 mm Mass 1 oz ounce 28 35 g 1 lb pound weight
36. ure Sensor measurement T107_C Therm107 T107_C 1 1 1 0 _60Hz 1 0 0 0 257 Soil matric potential Sensor measurements BrHalf kOhms 1 mV250 2 Vx2 1 250 True 0 250 1 0 kOhms kOhms 1 kOhms Equation for Linear 0 to 200 kPa relationship WP_kPa 7 407 kOhms 1 0 018 T107_C 21 3 704 For non linear 10 to 100 kPa relationship use the following equation WP_kPa kOhms 0 01306 1 062 34 21 T107_C 0 01060 T107_C 2 kOhms CallTable Hourly Call Data Table and Store Data NextScan EndProg 253 L and 257 L Soil Matric Potential Sensors B 2 253 Program Example B 2 1 CR1000 Program Measuring Five 107s and Five 257s The following example demonstrates the programming used to measure five 107 temperature probes and five 253 sensors on an AM16 32 series multiplexer 4x16 mode with the CR1000 datalogger In this example a 107 temperature probe is buried at the same depth as a corresponding 253 sensor The linear equation is used and the non linear equation is included in the program notes To use the non linear equation remove the linear equation from the program and uncomment the non linear equation Voltage range codes for other CRBasic dataloggers are shown in Table 7 4 Sensor wiring is shown in Table B 2 Table B 2 Wiring for 253 Example CR1000 AM16 32 Sensor Wire Function 12V 12V G GND Cl RES C2 CLK VXI COM ODD H SEI 1H COM ODD L Ground COM GROUND SE
Download Pdf Manuals
Related Search