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An info system to provide details of social establishments in

1. ATTRIBUTE SELECTION Location Headingley Food Start time 11 30 Food Finish time 16 00 Food Day Monday Quiz Night Sunday Widescreen TV not selected Jukebox not selected Pool table not selected Dartboard not selected Quiz machine not selected SQL Query Expected result Actual result SELECT DISTINCT P Pub_id Pub_name P Description P Location P Pool_table P Quiz_machine P dartboard P Jukebox P Widescreen_TV L Location_id L Location Q Night_id F Start_time F Finish_time F Night_id FROM Pub AS P INNER JOIN Location AS L ON L Location_id P Location LEFT JOIN Pub_quiz AS Q ON P Pub_id Q Pub_id LEFT JOIN Food AS F ON P Pub_id F Pub_id WHERE P Pub_name IS NOT NULL AND L Location_id LIKE 1 AND Q Night_id LIKE Sunday AND F Start_time gt 11 30 AND F Finish_time gt 16 00 AND F Night_id LIKE Monday ORDER BY P Pub_name There is one Pub matching your search Same as expected ATTRIBUTE SELECTION Location Headingley Food Start time Any Time Food Finish time Any Time Food Day Any Day Quiz Night Any Day Widescreen TV not selected Jukebox not selected Pool table not selected Dartboard Yes 89 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds Quiz machine SQL Query Expected result not selected SELECT DISTINCT P Pub_id Pub_name P Description P Location
2. Select the required day of the week from drop down menu Day of the week Monday x I Start_time 11 30 00 Finish_time 16 30 00 Food_Details 4 selection of foods including burgers vegetable dishes and pasta dishes Delete Food Details for THIS Day Delete ALL Food Details For this Pub Close Food Details Figure 15 Food Details Form c Enter the details along with the start time and finish time of the Food day d Click the Update and Close Food Details button to register your Food day 3 1 5 Deleting Food Details for a Pub a To delete a certain Food day select the day of the week from the drop down menu and click the Delete Pub for THIS Day button b To delete all Food details for a particular pub click the Delete ALL Food Details For this Pub button 3 1 6 Deleting a Pub a To delete a Pub from the database simply click the Delete Pub button b Ifa Pub has related pub quizzes or food details then you will be prompted with a message box asking you if you are sure you want to delete This is shown in figure 16 Microsoft Access xj 7 Relationships that specify cascading deletes are about to cause 1 record s in this table and in related tables to be deleted Are you sure you want to delete these records Figure 16 Deleting a record 3 2 Using the Pub Search Form a Enter the name of the Pub you wish to search for in the text box shown in figure 18 Typ
3. Table 6 6 An evaluation criterion to test users acceptance of the system Results of acceptance testing Having demonstrated the system to each of the ten users the general consensus was that the system more than satisfied user requirements The results in table 6 7 summarise the average results for the criterion shown in table 6 6 Criteria Av Result How simple was the system to navigate 8 5 Were all aspects of the system kept familiar 8 4 Did your actions result in something you expected 8 44 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds Does the interface provide a way of reversing those actions 7 6 Did the system provide the results you were looking for 8 2 Do you feel that a high level of computer literacy is required to use the system 7 7 To what extent does the interface stimulate interest 7 5 If the system was to be deployed then how likely are you to use it 6 Table 6 7 Testing results for evaluation criterion in table 6 6 The results show that the student user is satisfied with all aspects of the system with each criterion scoring high average marks A separate comment made by a few of my piers was that the interface would look more attractive using more images and colour schemes The implication of this however is that the html or asp page requested by the user would take longer to download This is not particularly desirable for the user The downlo
4. table If a Pub P is deleted from the relation Pub then the effect of referential integrity will be to delete all pub quizzes from the relation Pub_quiz that reference Pub P 5 1 3 Form Implementation The user interface for the administrator of the database was created through the use of forms Forms provide an abstract method of data entry data deletion and editing of data in a database A total of 26 forms were created three of which were menu forms and eight of which were subforms General details Pub_name Ekek ss SsSSCS Address Deyo Location Headingley si Postcode Eere ti lt i S ManagerName MrADaves ooo TeLNo jona 2256667 o Description Bang in the middle of headingley centre a big pub which is usually full of students Image Filename skyrack ipg Does it have the following Pool_table La quiz_machine La dart_board Ej Widescreen_TV v Jukebox Vv Enter Food Details Enter Quiz Details Delete Pub Add Pub Figure 5 4 Pubs Form Figure 5 4 shows the layout of the pubs form Microsoft Access has the facility of a form wizard where you are prompted for the required table s and field s that are to appear in the form After creating the form it can be edited in the design view to get an appropriate format In each case I decided against displaying the ID field in each form due to the fact that it would be unnecessary because this field gener
5. Add Delete Edit Club Details Bar Club Search Add Delete Edit Promotion Details Promotion Search Add Delete Edit Music Types ERE 69 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds Pubs Menu Form Add Delete Edit Pub Details Location Form 22 April 2003 12 15 PM Location Add Location Delete Location 70 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds Pubs Form rubs General details Pub_name Skyrack Address Otley Road Location Headingley z Postcode ise 1FG TelLNo ai 13 2256667 Description Bang in the middle of headingley centre a big pub which is usually full of students Image Filename skyrack ipa Does it have the following Pool_table Vv quiz_machine Vv dart_board m Widescreen_T Y Vv Jukebox v Enter Food Details Enter Quiz Details Food Details Form Food betails Delete Pub Add Pub Quiz Details Form Select the required day of the week from drop down menu Select the required day of the week from drop down menu Day of the week Monday X Day of the week Eday 7 Start_time 11 30 00 Finish_time 16 30 00 Start_time 20 00 00 Finish_time 2230 00 Food_Details 4 selection of foods including burgers Quiz Details Dangerous Daves General Knowledge Quiz vegetable dishes and pasta dishes Delete Food Details for THIS Day Delete Pub Quiz for THIS D
6. 1995 Information Systems Development Methodologies Techniques and Tools McGraw Hill International 2 Halpin Terry 1995 Conceptual schema amp relational database design Prentice Hall 3 Maciaszek leszek A 2001 Requirements analysis and system design developing systems with uml Pearson education limited 4 Lonsdale systems 2002 Methodologies http members iinet net au lonsdale seng se03 htm 12 01 2003 5 Ashenfelter John Paul 1998 Choosing a database for your website Wiley Publishers 6 Paolo Atzeni Stefano Ceri Stefano Paraboschi and Riccardo Torlone 1999 Database systems concepts languages and architectures McGraw hill publishing company 7 Elmasri and Navathe 2000 Fundamentals of Database systems Third Edition Addison Wesley 8 Power ASP May 2003 Featured content http www powerasp com 12 04 2003 9 Gilmore W J 1999 DevShed PHP What is it http www devshed com Server_Side PHP Introduction pagel html 16 01 2003 10 Macromedia Dreamweaver MX 2003 http www macromedia com software dreamweaver 14 01 2003 11 Ince Darrel 2002 Developing Distributed and E commerce Applications Addison Wesley 12 The Architecture Discipline 2000 http www bredemeyer com use_cases htm 04 04 2003 13 Requirements Engineering Non functional requirements http homepages feis herts ac uk 3com0027 NONE G31 HTML 04 04 2003 14 Sommerville I
7. Delete Music type Clubs Bars and Promotions m Main Menu Figure 11 Music Types Form 3 Using the Pubs Menu After selecting Pubs from the main menu you are presented with the following menu in figure 12 101 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds Pubs Form Add Delete Edit Pub Details Figure 12 The Pubs Menu 3 1 Using the Add Delete Edit Pub Details Form General details Pub_name Bkorack r Address ote Road Location Postcode TeLNo carg e mooe orrneaomgey centre a big pub which is usually full of students Image Filename skyrack ipg Description Does it have the following Pool_table a quiz_machine Vv dart_board Ci Widescreen_TY Vv Jukebox a Enter Food Details Enter Quiz Details Delete Pub Add Pub Figure 13 Pubs Form 3 1 1 Adding a Pub a To add a Pub into the database simply click the Add Pub Button b Enter the details in the blank fields shown in figure 13 In the case of an on a field you are required to select the field entry from the drop down menu c If you have an image of the Pub Place the file in the same directory as this Database System Then in the Image field enter the filename of the Pub image 102 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds d Click Update Pub details button to enter your Pub 3 1 2 Adding Q
8. In order to effectively apply these design principles you need to understand users tasks and requirements Understanding and applying principles will be meaningless if users are unhappy with the final product Our goal for user interface design is to have the interface positively support users endeavours and never intrude adversely The interface should be transparent to the task the user is trying to accomplish and be efficient satisfying and fun to use Design Principles Simplicity Don t compromise usability for function Keep the interface simple and straightforward Users benefit from function that is easily accessible and usable A poorly organized interface cluttered with many advanced functions distracts users from accomplishing their everyday tasks A well organized interface that supports the user s tasks fades into the background and allows the user to work efficiently Basic functions should be immediately apparent while advanced functions may be less obvious to new users Function should be included only if a task analysis shows it is needed Therefore keep the number of objects and actions to a minimum while still allowing users to accomplish their tasks Support Place the user in control and provide proactive assistance To give users control over the system enable them to accomplish tasks using any sequence of steps that they would naturally use Don t limit them by artificially restricting their choices to your notion o
9. P Pool_table P Quiz_machine P dartboard P Jukebox P Widescreen_TV L Location_id L Location P Address P Tel_No P Postcode P Image FROM Pub AS P INNER JOIN Location AS L ON L Location_id P Location LEFT JOIN Pub_quiz AS Q ON P Pub_id Q Pub_id LEFT JOIN Food AS F ON P Pub_id F Pub_id WHERE P Pub_name IS NOT NULL AND L Location_id LIKE 1 AND P Dartboard LIKE ON ORDER BY P Pub_name There is one Pub matching your search Actual result Same as expected ATTRIBUTE SELECTION Location Headingley Food Start time Any Time Food Finish time Any Time Food Day Any Day Quiz Night Any Day Widescreen TV Yes Jukebox Yes Pool table Yes Dartboard not selected Quiz machine SQL Query Expected result not selected SELECT DISTINCT P Pub_id Pub_name P Description P Location P Pool_table P Quiz_machine P dartboard P Jukebox P Widescreen_TV L Location_id L Location P Address P Tel_No P Postcode P Image FROM Pub AS P INNER JOIN Location AS L ON L Location_id P Location LEFT JOIN Pub_quiz AS Q ON P Pub_id Q Pub_id LEFT JOIN Food AS F ON P Pub_id F Pub_id WHERE P Pub_name IS NOT NULL AND L Location_id LIKE 1 AND P Pool_table LIKE ON AND P Widescreen_TV LIKE ON AND P Jukebox LIKE ON ORDER BY P Pub_name There are 5 Pubs matching your search Actual result Same as expected ATTRIBUTE SELECTION Location Headingle
10. Promotion Search Form After Search enue search Type in the name of the promotion you wish to search for and click search Promotion_name Shak Search Run Macro General Details Promo_name Phak o KJ Start_date z End_date L Dresscode Pahia ooo Entry_price Ems o oo Drinks offers Ess oo ss S Venue Een o Day of the Week Monday Music Type Pre H Description of Music ja Delete Promotion 24 April 2003 08 33 PM a Description ie Add Music Type Delete Music type Clubs Bars and Promotions Main Menu 76 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds Appendix I Web Interface screenshots Pub Search Page Student Nightlife in Leeds A Home Pub Search Pubs Select Pub Skyrack Clubs Bars Below is the Search criteria for the pubs in the headingley and hyde park areas of Leeds simply fill in required boxes and click search Select Location Serves A E AND ON Help between Has a quiz ON Links ae ane Widescreen TV m Pool Table m Quiz Has it the following Machine Dartboard m Jukebox Wi e eeee08 Pub Results Page Student Nightlife in Leeds A There are 3 pubs matching your search Home Search Results Pubs Clubs Bars Descrip froca A traditional student pub with a adingle very big beer garden g ey Message Board Bang in the middle of headingley centre a big pub which is usually Headingley f
11. 1992 Software Engineering 4th ed Addison Wesley 15 Macros what are they and how they work Microsoft Access 200 Help 20 04 2003 16 Learning technology dissemination initiative Questionnaires Advantages and Disadvantages http www icbL hw ac uk Itdi cookbook info_questionnaires 17 03 2003 52 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds Appendix A Personal Reflection The purpose of this appendix was to reflect on my personal experience of the project rather than on the solution to the problem The project has been both a challenging experience as well as a satisfying experience The project has been the most difficult task while I have been at University but one that has provided me with an insight into how projects are managed in the real world The project also gave me a chance to learn new skills and develop existing skills particularly in databases and web development The project was extremely challenging and often quite stressful The biggest challenge I faced was sticking to a tight project schedule that I had drawn up before the project was started I had been naive to think that I would complete my implementation by the end of March leaving all April to complete the report I had quickly realised that my current schedule was unrealistic and one that had to be revised in order to follow it I had not anticipated the amount of work that was required for such a project Being a 40 credits pr
12. An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds 5 2 5 Clubs and Bars Page This page was constructed in a very similar format to the Pub page with a little variation on the search criteria The user is required to select a night of the week from the drop down menu as they are searching for clubs or bars with a promotion on that particular day A user can narrow down their search results by selecting other criteria from the drop down menus They have the choice of selecting whether they only want to select only clubs or bars in their search a specific type of music and a specific location If any of these are left as Any then the attribute is not considered in the where clause Like the Pubs page a query string is constructed depending on what values are selected in the search page and consequentially stored in a recordset The results from this recordset are output in the table format similar to the results shown in figure 5 14 The screenshots from the clubs and bar pages can be seen in Appendix I 5 2 6 Message Board Forum To create this message board required inputting data into a table The implications of this meant a slight alteration to my database design A new database table was added with the following schema Message_Board Message_id Name Message Date The date attribute required the current date so rather than have to enter it in manually a function can be used so the date is entered in automatica
13. End Sub 67 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds Code to link the Food Form to the Pub Form X Click Sub ToggleLink Click fon Error GoTo ToggleLink_Click_Err DoCmda DoMenultem acFormBar acRecordsMenu 5 acMenuVer70 If ChildFormIsOpen Then CloseChildForm Else OpenChildForm FilterChildForm End If ToggleLink_Click_Exit Exit Sub ToggleLink_Click_Err MsgBox Error Resume ToggleLink Click Exit End Sub Private Sub FilterChildForm If Me NewRecord Then Forms Food_Details DataEntry True Else Forms Food _Details Filter Pub_id amp Me Pub_id Forms Food Details FilterOn True End If End Sub Private Sub OpenChildForm DoCmd OpenForm Food Details If Not Me ToggleLink Then Me ToggleLink True End Sub Private Sub CloseChildForm DoCmd close acForm Food Details If Me ToggleLink Then Me ToggleLink False End Sub Private Function ChildFormIsOpen ChildFormIsOpen SysCmd acSysCmdGetObjectState acForm Food Details And acObjStateOpen lt gt False End Function 68 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds Appendix H Database Interface screenshots Main Menu Form ain menu Form Clubs Bars and Promotions Clubs Bars and Promotions Menu Form Clubs_bars_and_promotions Form Add Delete Edit Bar Details
14. Personal Reflection sooeesesessseeeeresssseressssssreeesesssreresssssrreess 53 Appendix B Interfaces of Current Systems sssessssssrsssseressrreessererseeresseees 54 Appendix C Gantt CHAP assets ai scanivenndesiaecoaetvavaracnsescrsansccotbcermmnmeccscearenneredas 56 Appendix D IBM Principles For Good Interface Design cc eeeeeeeeeeeeee 57 Appendix E Database Schema i cccivcssvinatcssecsassiacacsseessve cecbasiuctdediasecsuneavscvebns 63 Appendix F Data Definition roin aoi eea e aeaa ta cutncenecutees 65 Appendix G Visual Basic Code kava on unncmonawona indanewiewau 67 Appendix H Database Interface screenshots cceeseseeceesnerecesneeeceeenaees 69 Appendix I Web Interface screenshots cccccccssssecceceeeeeneeeceeeesenneaeeeeeees 11 VI An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds Appendix J Validation Testing ss csivsnsniectsssistacsduvnasicnd debts ddesetey sande Neverpesisvang 83 Appendix K Query testing Results in ASP oo eee eeeeeseseeeesnnreeessneeeeeennees 86 Appendix L User Manual avenue anes 94 Appendix M Sample ASP cOdes i3554eccae suse wus ve pasaleawacsaepeeasmedeereteea ts 106 VII An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1 Introduction to the problem During my time at University I have never come across a system that provides students with information about soc
15. eeseodeesweadessvetbossuerededeiesevepsossabavesinndeboussnedeuensscdsvevenedesy 8 2 2 1 Common Gateway Interface CGD cc eecccssccsseessseesseeseeeseeeecesseeaecnsecesececeseaeeeaecnseseseessaeenees 8 2 9 2 NCUVE Setver RagesiCA SB V ion eien e eal ck elated a ade leet a ledaad ere ee 8 2 2 3 gt Hype rtext Pre Processor PHP areire iee eatin anita ai nein eA 9 2 2 4 Evaluation of Server side Scripting tools oeseri iioa atiii aee ta ir iN aT S ATs 9 2 9 Web development to lSsoi nn seint rne i e re e eer ieai 9 2 3 1 HTML HyperText Markup language eeseesccesecceeeesseesscesaecceceeesesaeesaeeseesseeseeessesenees 9 Z 3 2 MAICTOSOLEFONTP ASE wisi sccvie woh eccn cee sel nebsnbe ede pavedonsunsdve ros edde cen A A cadelon AAEE a EEEE 10 2 3 3 Macromedia Dreamweavel ceccescecssessssecceseeeenecsececsececsececeececscesceceessceenecseseneececsesneeaeeseeees 10 2 3 4 Evaluation of Web development tools cceeesessecsessseeseceeceseececscesceceeccescecsessceeecseseeeeeeseeees 11 2A Client Side Scripting tools iesise hbeeed ene ee e EEO a Ee EEE EAE OO tbs 11 a M EDA 1S1 t 1 9 AEA E EE A Caanade date cteadee ee 11 24 2 JavaScript le atoe eine E e a ai oda aei E aE E EE Ee a o eE TEA ENEE NEAS 11 2 4 3 Evaluation of Client side scripting tools essssessssssssssssessrsrssterssrerssrerssrerssesestesestesestesestesesees 11 J ANALY SIS ineine a N eran A E R E ATA R 12 3 1 Requirements Analysis snno ianea iieii ididiin iii a 12
16. possible the questionnaire should be anonymous The problems with questionnaires outlined above could have a hindrance on the project in terms of inaccurate data and wasted time The third point mentioned above identifies that some people will often just complete the questionnaire with no real effort to study the questions The simple reason for 13 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds this is the fact that they wish to complete the questionnaire in the shortest time possible Another important point to mention is the fact that only a small amount of submitted questionnaires are returned This has the implication of selecting a much larger sample size than is realistically needed Even when the results are returned it is often the case that the process of sending the questionnaires out to receiving them back is quite a lengthy period of time The problems pointed out above were the reasons why questionnaires were disregarded as an appropriate source of gathering information Instead a process of informal interviews was decided as an appropriate alternative because of the fact that you can actually interact with the potential user Adopting this approach allowed me to clearly explain to the interviewee what the questions were intended to mean Conducting these informal interviews in the environment of a pub helped to remind the user why they were in this particular pub and not another one Eight different pubs were
17. 1 3 5 allowed me to go to the previous stage of implementation and address this error To fix it required client side scripting that was run on the clients machine if such an error was to occur This was implemented using Visual Basic script that had the functionality of displaying a dialogue message if the user left any of the text fields blank 6 1 4 Results of Unit testing Each database test that was carried out resulted in what had been expected This included any integrity tests and validation tests carried out on the database Once this particular unit was tested and working the next unit could then be implemented and tested The testing of the ASP code encountered a few minor problems The first problem was the data provided in the food start and finish time text boxes Extensive testing of this found that errors do occur when any values entered into the text boxes are not a time datatype or represent the string Any Time To fix this required a different approach to how a user would input the data Instead of manually inputting the time into the text box the user would be able to select from a drop down menu a particular time from a list The 43 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds lists of times are based on the hour This method prevents the user from receiving an asp scripting error but does have the disadvantage that the times a user can input or select are less flexible 6 2 Acceptance Testi
18. Active Server Pages model 2 2 3 Hypertext Pre Processor PHP PHP is similar to ASP in the way that it s a language that is embedded in the html PHP is a simple language where tasks accomplished with some degree of difficulty in many other languages can be swiftly executed with but a few lines of PHP code 9 However PHP requires an additional layer in the ADO model to achieve data independence This makes the process of retrieving pages much slower 2 2 4 Evaluation of Server side Scripting tools ASP provides the highest level of abstraction of any of the Microsoft web database tools 5 and has been identified as the perfect choice for data masters without strong programming experience The main reason for using ASP is the fact that it generates pages much faster than the other software tools CGI scripts for example are particularly slow because they require a new instance of the processing program to be created every time a client accesses the program through CGI The other justification for using this language is the fact that it is compatible with the other Microsoft software and applications that have been selected earlier as the most appropriate This allows for integration between the selected tools 2 3 Web development tools The website produced is there to enable the user to retrieve required information from the system The website is the interface to the people that are going to use it i e students
19. Pub to be searched depending on whether it includes a Yes quiz machine The system could allow a Pub to be searched depending on whether it includes a Yes jukebox The system could allow a Pub to be searched depending on whether it includes a Yes wide screen TV The system could allow the search to be refined by using the above criteria in Yes one single search The system could allow a club or bar to be searched on by its promotion night Yes The system could allow a club or bar to be searched on by its location Yes The system could allow a club or bar to be searched on by its Music Type Yes The system could allow a message to be posted into a forum Yes The system could allow the user to view a map of each social establishment No Table 7 1 Functional Requirements that satisfy Future Enhancements 48 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds The Web Interface was evaluated against the IBM guidelines for good interface design specified in Appendix D e Simplicity The interface provided is simple with no adverts or unnecessary objects e Support The system allows the user to have control over it by including familiar functions such as drop down menus e Familiarity All aspects of the interface have the same layout format and functionality so users are able to gain knowledge of how the system works e Obviousness The interface makes use of real life represen
20. Such a property may come in Input Mask gt LLO OLL O _ Sea use if you needed the value stored in the attribute to be Validation Rule yada on rat 7 the current date Figure 5 1 shows how the Pub table equire o Allow Zero Length Yes 2 Indexed Yes Duplicates C was created using the design view option Unicode Compression Yes Figure 5 1 Pub Table The key symbol next to the Pub_id attribute represents the primary key field This field is unique in a way that the values cannot be duplicated For example only one particular pub can have a pub_id value of 3 The data type for this field is set to autonumber which automatically increments the pub_id value by 1 for every new record entered into the table Attributes such as Postcode and Tel_No were given an input mask to make data entry easier and to control the values users can enter in the field Objects in a pub such as a pool table or a jukebox were given a yes no data type where the value can be set to either yes or no depending on whether the pub has this particular object The Image attribute has a simple text data type where the administrator simply enters the filename of the image should they have one eg Skyrack jpg This is so the image can be displayed by the asp page 29 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds 5 1 2 Relationship Diagram Figure 5 2 shows the relationships between the different tables in the databas
21. Widescreen_TV L Location_id L Location P Address P Tel_No P Postcode P Image FROM Pub AS P INNER JOIN Location AS L ON L Location_id P Location LEFT JOIN Pub_quiz AS Q ON P Pub_id Q Pub_id LEFT JOIN Food AS F ON P Pub_id F Pub_id WHERE P Pub_name IS NOT NULL ORDER BY P Pub_name There are 9 Pubs matching your search selects all the pubs from the pub table Actual result Same as expected ATTRIBUTE SELECTION Location Headingley Food Start time Any Time Food Finish time Any Time Food Day Any Day Quiz Night Any Day Widescreen TV not selected Jukebox not selected Pool table not selected Dartboard not selected 86 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds Quiz machine SQL Query Expected result Actual result not selected SELECT DISTINCT P Pub_id Pub_name P Description P Location P Pool_table P Quiz_machine P dartboard P Jukebox P Widescreen_TV L Location_id L Location P Address P Tel_No P Postcode P Image FROM Pub AS P INNER JOIN Location AS L ON L Location_id P Location LEFT JOIN Pub_quiz AS Q ON P Pub_id Q Pub_id LEFT JOIN Food AS F ON P Pub_id F Pub_id WHERE P Pub_name IS NOT NULL AND L Location_id LIKE 1 ORDER BY P Pub_name There are 8 Pubs matching your search Same as expected ATTRIBUTE SELECTION Location Headingley Food Start time 11 30 Food Finish
22. guide We Are Leeds What do you SteMep thin ot eeo EC nightlife Have Vital Statistics Atrium operates nightly Monday es to Saturday as a late night bar 3 Mon and Thurs 9pm 2am Tue BBC Leeds website e cards send one now Hit Help View a Broadcasting Centre 8pm 2am for Salsa and pole printable this dancing lessons Wed 10pm l ii Lae Like this page page 2am Fri 9pm 3am for Salsoul LS2 9PX Sendittoatriend RESIS and Indie denseley Grad Onis 224 Sat 9pm 3am for Fill in the Gap jeeds bbc co uk R amp B Atmosphere A unique venue providing a more relaxed and laid back vibe than most clubs but at the same time housing a funky little H J BBC Leeds internet 55 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds Appendix C Gantt chart ARB e BI EESE ESA AI I oes EES eM ONG Oa PPS ESI ER ESH eS eS S EPA AG EAC 1 Revised Project Schedule 18 25 02 16 23 06 13 20 03 10 17 24 03 10 17 31 07 14 21 ETTE TI 12 12 01 01 01 a ae 02 03 03 a 03 04 04 04 02 02 02 02 02 03 03 02 03 03 03 03 03 03 03 03 A 2 27 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 60 61 52 112 ls lals16 7 e lo loliltlts 14 16 16 17 18 28 Date Week 29 1 Aims and Minimum Requirements 1st Nov Table of contents and dr
23. implies that any attribute that is a non key cannot depend on any other non key attribute in the same relation Each non key attribute must be independent of each other PROMO_NAME VENUE_ID NIGHT ID MUSIC_TYPE DESCRIPTION OF MUSIC ee The diagram shown above represents part of the Promotions relation The functional dependency of VENUE_ID NIGHT_ID gt DESCRIPTION OF MUSIC is transitive through the attribute MUSIC_TYPE This is due to the fact that both functional dependencies VENUE_ID NIGHT_ID gt MUSIC_TYPE and MUSIC_TYPE gt DESCRIPTION OF MUSIC hold Third normal form states that any non key attribute cannot depend on any other non key attribute in the 23 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds same relation Due to the functional dependency of MUSIC_TYPE gt DESCRIPTION OF MUSIC this relation is not in third normal form The relation can be normalised by decomposing it into two separate relations Music and Promotions MUSIC MUSIC_TYPE DESCRIPTION OF MUSIC MUSIC_TYPE becomes the primary key of the relation MUSIC PROMOTIONS PROMO_NAME VENUE_ID NIGHT ID MUSIC_TYPE MUSIC_TYPE becomes the foreign key of the relation PROMOTIONS with reference to the primary key MUSIC_TYPE in the relation MUSIC 4 1 5 Database Schema In a database there is a part that is invariant
24. in time called the schema of the database made up of the characteristics of the data 6 The schema of particular relation includes the name of the relation and its corresponding attributes The database schema constructed for the proposed database can be seen in Appendix E 4 1 6 Data Dictionary Each relational Database management system manages its own data dictionary or rather the description of the tables present in the database using the relational schema 6 The data dictionary is required to identify each attributes data types and any other information that is necessary This can be seen in Appendix F 4 1 7 Database Population For testing Purposes the database is to be populated with eight pubs eight bars and eight clubs This will ensure that the functionality of the system is fully tested 4 1 8 Integrity Constraints The purpose of this section is to show how entity integrity and referential integrity will be included in the database 24 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds Entity integrity Entity integrity ensures that no primary key in the database schema can contain a NULL value A primary key that is a NULL value would violate normalisation constraints Referential integrity Referential integrity states that if there is a foreign key in relation R1 that references a primary key in relation R2 then the value entered in the foreign key attribute must appear in the prim
25. inputs the right data into the field The idea of validation testing is not to ensure that every field entry is accurate but to reduce the possibility of errors by limiting what the users can input Table 6 2 shows the tests that were run for the postcode field Each other validation rule was also tested in the same way These can be seen in Appendix J ACTION EXPECTEDRESULT _ CO ACTUAL RESULT Enter Postcode LS6 1DF Action ok Same as expected Enter Postcode LS16 1DF Action ok Same as expected Enter Postcode LSJ 1DF User prevented from entering any Same as expected postcode not in the LLO9 OLL format Enter Postcode LS166 1DF User prevented from entering any Same as expected postcode not in the LLO9 OLL format Enter Postcode LS6 Error message displayed Same as expected Table 6 2 Validation Testing 6 1 3 Testing SQL queries in ASP code To consider how robust the system is each Active Server Page ASP must be tested The pub search asp page includes two drop down menus that are dynamically created from the database To test these effectively would require an addition deletion and an edit to the database to see whether the asp page can dynamically output these changes Table 6 3 shows the test results if a new pub is added deleted 41 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds or edited in the database Table 6 4 shows the test results if a new locati
26. not be mapped to a table into the database because this would cause unnecessary duplication of data Instead they are to be designed as queries that inherit the data dictionary from the Venue table and have the Type attribute set as a default Bar or Club accordingly 4 1 4 Normalisation The Normalisation process as first proposed by Codd takes a relation schema through a series of tests to certify whether it satisfies a certain normal form 7 The purpose of undergoing this normalisation process is to reduce data redundancy so that data is not stored unnecessarily A 21 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds standard technique that tests for normalisation is the use of functional dependencies that are identified as the single most important concept in relational schema design 7 Ist Normal Form For a relation R to be in first normal form all attributes must be single atomic values It states that the domain of an attribute must include only atomic values and that the value of any attribute in a tuple must be a single value from the domain of that attribute 7 In other words 1NF does not allow you to have a tuple of values or any set of values and must be atomic Consider the relation Pub_quiz with the primary key of Pub_id PUB_ID START_TIME FINISH_TIME QUIZ_DETAILS NIGHT_ID 1 20 00 Sports Quiz Monday Thursday 2 19 30 Gene
27. occur gt Finally I would recommend that any work that requires the use of the computing laboratories be completed a week before the deadline The lab gets extremely busy and you will probably have to queue a long time for a computer 53 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds Appendix B Interfaces of Current Systems Webflyers Leeds Nightlife and Clubbing guide Bl Webiivers Leeds Nohte amp Clubbing Guide Microsoft Internet Explorer RE Fie Edit View Favorites Tools Help e Back gt O A A Qsearch Favorites CBristory Address ja http www webflyers co uk City Leeds z co Links gt Leeds Nightlife amp Clubbing Guide SEARCH Receive Flyers by Email ct T Promote your Club for FREE Updated SESS Show All Flyers List all flyers for Promoters Login Most Popular isited wi Freshest Flyers 10 mostr la Internet 2 1 Dane Night Clubs and listings in Leeds Microsoft Internet Explorer Fie Edt View Favorites Tools Help Back gt O A A Rech Favorites History B 3 A A8 Address http uww myleeds net leeds bars8music clubiist htm z s Links REE Promote Your Business Your local website updated daily Cities in the UK n Communities in London E mail this page to a friend amp Arts amp Entertainment Bars amp Music Restaurants Fashion amp Lifestyle He
28. requirements mentioned above provide a sound basis for an evaluation criterion This evaluation criterion can be used in conjunction with the evaluation section to justify whether the system does what its supposed to do 3 6 Business Rules Business rules provide application constraints that must be conformed to in order to maintain integrity throughout the database Listed below are selections of business rules that need to be enforced in the database together with the type of business rule that they are 1 An administrator must enter a password to get into the system structural 2 When a location is deleted from the database then so should the clubs bars and pubs that reside in this location Action Triggering 3 When a Pub is deleted from the database then so should the food details and pub quizzes that belong to it Action Triggering 4 When a Club or Bar is deleted from the database then so should the promotion details that belong to that establishment Action triggering 17 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds 5 If an administrator adds a new promotion for a club or bar the start date can not be earlier than the current date Action Restricting 6 If an administrator adds a new promotion for a club or bar the end date can not be earlier than the start date Action Restricting 7 If food details are added for a particular pub then the finish time cannot be earlie
29. selected in the drop down menu Running the following query within it creates the recordset 34 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds SELECT FROM Pub WHERE Pubid amp _ LIKE amp request form selPub amp _ OH Defining search criteria If a user is looking for a pub with particular attributes then they can enter their relevant criteria from the search options The search criteria shown in figure 5 11 would select all pubs in headingley that have a pub quiz on a Sunday that Select Locat Perren eue also have a widescreen TV and a Serves Food between AND feng Any Day be Has a quiz ON Has it the following pool table The search page has been constructed so that the user is able to select as many or as little search criteria as they wish to select Figure 5 11 Pubs Search page If a particular criteria is not selected ie left as Any then they are simply left out of the WHERE clause The following query in figure 5 12 is executed once the search button is clicked strsQL SELECT DISTINCT P Pub_id Pub_name P Description P Location P Pool_table P Quiz_machine P darthoard P Jukebox P Widescreen_TV amp L Location_id L Location amp Quizfield _ amp Foodfield _ amp Finishfield amp _ amp Foodday amp _ FROM Pub AS P INNER JOIN Location A3 L ON L Location id P Location LEFT JOIN Pub_quiz AS Q ON P Pub_id Q
30. that it is slow is the fact that it has to create a new instance of the processing program every time a client accesses the program through CGI 2 2 2 Active Server Pages ASP ASP Active Server Pages is a technology developed by Microsoft Pages using ASP are primarily developed in JavaScript VBScript or PerlScript and are integrated into the HTML of your Web pages The ASP code is compiled on the fly by the server and the resulting output is standard HTML By using ASP Web pages can be dynamic full of ever changing content and browser independent 8 The way it works is that the client requests an ASP from the web server for which the ASP engine responds by executing the scripting on the page The result is a dynamically created HTML page that is sent back to the server so the client can access it through their web browser ASP includes the following technologies An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds e ActiveX Database Objects ADO are server side components that dynamically connect data in a database to a web page They provide access to both client and server information for building dynamic web pages e Advanced Data Connector ADC this provides client side database access It enables the database data to be sent to the browser so that the load on the server and the network traffic is reduced e VBScript this scripting is responsible for binding together ADO and ADC into the
31. time 16 00 Food Day Any Day Quiz Night Any Day Widescreen TV not selected Jukebox not selected Pool table not selected Dartboard not selected Quiz machine not selected SQL Query Expected result Actual result SELECT DISTINCT P Pub_id Pub_name P Description P Location P Pool_table P Quiz_machine P dartboard P Jukebox P Widescreen_TV L Location_id L Location P Address F Start_time F Finish_time P Image FROM Pub AS P INNER JOIN Location AS L ON L Location_id P Location LEFT JOIN Pub_quiz AS Q ON P Pub_id Q Pub_id LEFT JOIN Food AS F ON P Pub_id F Pub_id WHERE P Pub_name IS NOT NULL AND L Location_id LIKE 1 AND F Start_time gt 11 30 AND F Finish_time gt 16 00 ORDER BY P Pub_name There are 4 Pubs matching your search Same as expected ATTRIBUTE SELECTION Location Corn Exchange Food Start time 11 30 Food Finish time 16 00 87 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds Food Day Any Day Quiz Night Any Day Widescreen TV not selected Jukebox not selected Pool table not selected Dartboard not selected Quiz machine not selected SQL Query Expected result Actual result SELECT DISTINCT P Pub_id Pub_name P Description P Location P Pool_table P Quiz_machine P dartboard P Jukebox P Widescreen_TV L Location_id L Location P Address F Start_time F
32. too many adverts None of the systems provided details for all pubs clubs and bars It was often the case that only details of clubs and bars were provided It can be seen from the current systems available that there is a need for a system that provides students with details of pubs clubs and bars The interfaces from the three systems evaluated can be seen in Appendix B 1 3 Project Management In order to achieve the objectives set out by the project an initial project plan had to be developed To achieve this required following an appropriate methodology Following the methodology would lead to key milestones that result in the completion of the project An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds 1 3 1 Selecting a software methodology In order to complete this project a structure is required that should be followed step by step In order to do this my project must follow a software development methodology A software development methodology can be said to be A collection of philosophies procedures techniques tools and documentation which aid the systems developer with the implementation of a new information system 1 These methodologies have the purpose of forming a requirements process so that the actual requirements of the system are not misunderstood Many methodologies exist which I will be looking at and evaluating to decide on the best approach for my project 13 2 5 Stage Software l
33. visited in the headingley and hyde park areas with 5 different people from each pub selected Each person was asked to discuss the question Why did you choose to come to this Pub tonight This question helped the interviewee to have a think about the reasons why they did actually come to this Pub This helped provide responses that I personally believe were more accurate than if they had been carried out by a questionnaire 3 3 Analysis of results Having completed the informal interview phase it was time to analyse the results that had been gathered Table 3 1 shows a list of factors together with their percentage that would determine why a student would go to a particular pub Percentage Factor The results are shown with the highest 15 Close to house percentage factor at the top A total of 9 factors 70 Widecreen TV were found that help to determine why a person 68 Serves a good pint chooses to go to one pub over another A total of 63 Pool Table 40 people were interviewed as there were 5 60 Served Food people from each of the 8 pubs Each person was 55 Pub quiz allowed to give as many factors as they wished 48 Jukebox The percentage represents how many people out 40 Quiz machine of the 40 interviewed considered that factor to be 10 Dartboard important Table 3 1 Factors to influence a choice of pub 14 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds As
34. where the administrator can select a new venue for the promotion The venue is selected from a combo box This combo box is dynamic in the way that only the venues entered in the venue table will be available for selection Other forms in the 32 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds database allow for locations and types of music to be added deleted and modified All the forms implemented in the database can be seen in Appendix H 5 1 4 Macro Implementation A macro is a set of one or more actions that each perform a particular operation such as opening a form or printing a report Macros can help you to automate common tasks For example you can run a macro that prints a report when a user clicks a command button 15 Macros have had a significant use in this project performing a numerous amount of tasks from opening a form to running a piece of SQL There are 47 different macros that are functional in the database although a lot of them perform a similar task A common macro that was present in the database was to allow a user to add a record in the database By default the allow additions function in each form property is set to no to prevent users from accidentally adding records when they skip through each record in the form A macro was created that changed this allow additions property to yes in the current form This macro was applied to a command button that it wo
35. 16 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds e The web front should be user friendly and conform to specific design guidelines IBM suggests the following design principles for which a good interface will conform to gt gt gt Simplicity The interface should be kept simple and straightforward Support Users should have control over the system so they are able to perform tasks as they would normally do on a regular basis Familiarity All aspects of the interface should be kept the same so users are able to gain knowledge of how the system works Obviousness The interface should use real world representations so users become familiar with icons and toolbars etc Encouragement A user s actions should result in something that they expect and the interface should provide a way of reversing those actions Satisfaction The interface should provide the user with a feel of accomplishment Availability The user should be able to use any of the interface s objects at any one time in any sequence Safety The user should be protected from making any errors A good interface will have appropriate error handling Versatility The interface should be flexible enough so a wide range of user skills can be accommodated Personalization A good interface should consider that all users are different An extended set of these design principles can be found in appendix D The functional and non functional
36. 2 normal form is tested is by testing for functional dependencies where the left hand side is part of the primary key If the primary key is a single attribute than there is no need to test it The following functional dependencies exist in the pub quiz relation FD1 PUB_ID NIGHT_ID gt START_TIME FD2 PUB_ID NIGHT_ID gt FINISH_TIME FD3 PUB_ID NIGHT_ID gt QUIZ_DETAILS If either attribute of the primary key PUB_ID NIGHT_ID were removed then the functional dependency would no longer hold For example if the NIGHT_ID attribute was removed from the left hand side of the functional dependency then you would be left with the following PUB_ID gt START_TIME The start time would no longer be dependent on the left hand side of the functional dependency because it can differ for every night of the week The same can be said if the PUB_ID attribute was removed because the start time would no longer be dependent on just the specific night of the week It would vary for each different pub The relations Food and Promotions were also tested for 2 normal form as they both contained multiple attributes for the primary key 3 Normal Form Third normal form 3NF is based on the concept of transitive dependency A functional dependency X gt Y in a relation schema R is a transitive dependency if there is a set of attributes Z that is neither a candidate key nor a subset of any key 7 Third normal form
37. 6 5 2 4 The Pub Detail Page sivccscccssscsessevsencosvedscdeceescescencouvsenctevbevsenseuceducdecdenspasunieensecsbe R a 37 52 9 Clubs and Bars Pagerie in ea oiii aaarnas igea aE Aa A EREET aE ls ata saaa 38 52 6 Message Board FOUT o aiea E a A Ta aa aE a a e aA E 38 S227 Help A AA A 39 328 TAKS PIE nn a ccs wasn EE TE AAE A A A T ETE 39 ESTING a te e th eof aA E EO EE EN O 40 Gel DE TA KEST aT AE E E inden E EE E E A 40 6 1 1 Testing the database FUNCTIONS eee a A A ER A 40 6 12 Validation tesit ninao tees co scesee stones e A eb gedeerlontebedbedsedonschedehed ujesedeelendebedeae 41 6 1 3 Testing SQL queries in ASP Code oniinn i aae ai ata aT AAE ET T EART 41 Ov LA ResulisiOfUMit LEStINS erai ri T A EN TOE AA A AA 43 6 2 Acceptance Testing noniin 00 04 05 p ar ale a e e a a e aeons 44 TEEN ANNON A A E A 46 Tal Why Weneedan Evaluation icones eeen a a aee e eaaa ene hots 46 7 2 Exceeding Minimum requirements esesssseeeessrssserestssrressteresssrestssreesserresssresesereessee 46 7 3 Summary of further enhancementts ecccceeeseeceeessececeesscecesesececesseeeceesenaeeeessaaeees 49 7 4 Advantages over other systems sesssseesesesreessrssssrestssretssteresssrestssreesstrresesresessreessee 50 HD Future IMprovement S snae eee ea a a a a EEEa a 50 TG Conclusion cccccvssaisicacetensandstasssssoeiacaancevanavssdanchdesecdeasanaca Ea ERI EESE EERTE Eai FISa 51 REFERENCES mue kein a aia ae eae a 52 Appendix A
38. An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds Daniel Sherburn BSc Hons Information Systems 2002 2003 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds Summary Project Aim The aim of this project is to provide students particularly those without any experience of Leeds a system that will supply useful information about student nightlife The system will provide details on the pubs clubs and bars in the Leeds areas of headingley hyde park and City centre A purpose for the project would be for those wishing to come to Leeds University to be able to have an insight into what student nightlife in Leeds is really like The system would also be extremely useful to the first year students who may be unfamiliar with the Leeds social scene Currently there are systems similar to this but none that cater solely for students Objectives minimum requirements and future enhancements My Personal objectives for the project e To gain further project management skills learning how to manage time efficiently and complete the project from start to finish e To enhance my web development and database skills e To learn new tools and techniques The objectives for the project e To evaluate a selection of software methodologies to decide which is the most appropriate to follow e To evaluate possible software tools for the im
39. Description of Music thin k Figure 9 Venue Select Selecting this sets the displayed promotion to the new venue If a Club or Bar that you select already has a promotion on the selected night then you will be provided with an appropriate error message Any details of the particular promotion can also be edited by modifying the required fields 100 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds 2 5 Using the Promotion Search Form 1 Enter the name of the Promotion you wish to search for in the text box shown in figure 10 Yenue search Type in the name of the promotion you wish to search for and click search Promotion_name Search Figure 10 Promotion Search Form 2 Click the Search Button to find details on your requested Promotion 3 To edit any details in the search result simply click on the required fields and change the information in them accordingly 2 6 Using the Add Delete Edit Music Types Form The arrows provided allow you to scroll through the current music types that exist in the database Should there be a music type that you feel should be available then simply click Add Music Type and enter the name and the description If you feel that a music type is no longer required then you can remove it by clicking the button Delete music Type Music Types 24 April 2003 08 33 PM Music_type Dance gt Description Euphoric Add Music Type
40. Finish_time P Image FROM Pub AS P INNER JOIN Location AS L ON L Location_id P Location LEFT JOIN Pub_quiz AS Q ON P Pub_id Q Pub_id LEFT JOIN Food AS F ON P Pub_id F Pub_id WHERE P Pub_name IS NOT NULL AND L Location_id LIKE 2 AND F Start_time gt 11 30 AND F Finish_time gt 16 00 ORDER BY P Pub_name There are no Pubs matching your search Same as expected ATTRIBUTE SELECTION Location Headingley Food Start time 11 30 Food Finish time 16 00 Food Day Monday Quiz Night Any Day Widescreen TV not selected Jukebox not selected Pool table not selected Dartboard not selected Quiz machine not selected SQL Query SELECT DISTINCT P Pub_id Pub_name P Description P Location P Pool_table P Quiz_machine P dartboard P Jukebox P Widescreen_TV L Location_id L Location P Address F Start_time F Finish_time F Night_id FROM Pub AS P INNER JOIN Location AS L ON L Location_id P Location LEFT JOIN Pub_quiz AS Q ON P Pub_id Q Pub_id LEFT JOIN Food AS F ON P Pub_id F Pub_id WHERE P Pub_name IS NOT NULL AND L Location_id LIKE 1 AND F Start_time gt 11 30 AND F Finish_time gt 16 00 AND F Night_id LIKE Monday ORDER BY P Pub_name 88 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds Expected result Actual result There are 2 Pubs matching your search Same as expected
41. Pub_id amp _ LEFT JOIN Food AS F ON P Pub_id F Pub id amp _ WHERE P Pub_name IS NOT NULL amp _ amp Wherelocation amp _ Wherequiznight amp _ amp Wherestart amp amp Wherefinish amp Wherefoodnight amp _ amp Wherepool amp _ amp Wheretv amp _ amp Wherequiz amp _ amp Wheredart amp vow amp Wherejuke amp ORDER BY P Pub_name Figure 5 12 SQL query string Figure 5 13 shows an example of an IF statement that is used to construct the query string in figure 5 12 This basically says that if the quiz night is left as Any then the where clause for the quiz night is set to empty However if any other value than Any is selected i e Sunday then the where clause will be set to the value that you select in the drop down menu The same kind of IF statement in figure 5 13 is used for the entire search criteria which in turn constructs the query string 35 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds If Request Form selDay Any then Wherequiznight end if If Request Form selDay lt gt Any then Wherequiznight AND Q Night_id LIKE amp request form selDay amp _ j end if If Request Form selDay Any then Quizfield P Address end if If Request Form selDay lt gt Any then Quizfield Q Night_id end if Figure 5 13 An IF statement that select
42. SrbelAGMIMIStratly Uer enie E E AE TE E EAEE EEE EnA 12 3 1 2 St dent USELS oreinen ratse otaa Hee e a Ea ar e ae Ba ahaa hea Sa Taiana ee eae 13 3 2 Gathering of dataan nn ioir i ea E NEE AE AA EAE EA anne E E 13 3 3 ANAlySIS OF TESUNS scsscecicsdetescasesystebabersesseyvanagtbete lense Svonagesebetadestaces EEEE OSE E 14 3 4 Functional Requirements cc eeeesesceseseececeseneeceessceecesscaeecsesaececessaceceesaeeeeenaaeers 15 SD Aol AGMMM Stall VE USET ins aE A AA E AA ee 15 3 4 2 Student Uses cfs sides hades ates net poten aG tat edt ese iaa opt pedebeadl tte sh hein aaa eaa o aana 15 3 5 Non functional Requirement cceeessecccesssceceesseceeececaeeesesaececeseneecesssnaeeeeesaaeers 16 3 0 Business RULES rieri a eotia s eree Le E E EEE E RA AEAEE ARREA E 17 EDE E ERNA E E A AA 19 4A Database Desitin inro ne aa EE EE E E E E e EESE E 19 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds AV DEMIS caves ecg cae E ove vecined anata saa usa E E tas tee da vag tanta nag ged ne detanea teen ee 19 ASV AUP DUTES ai avec ee chs cas Pha ea ces ch Lala oak Beales ca kee sti ges ANG AUG Ea aoe useage Ua eee 19 4S RELA OMSHI PS OE E A EE E cupshon tase dee cas ents dansnd edeseea ec cateten E pane 19 ALA Normalisation iscsacsacscctscetevacvascaseveduascaaavaavsasncentaveassasyaseasevesnassaa A T TA 21 4 1 3 Database S chem avin inini oi e a N E E bt onaetu ts iss den du ia ns tage Debate 24 4 16 Data Dict Om
43. The user must also enter a minimum of six and a maximum of seven numbers to complete the remainder of the telephone number e nthe table Pub the attributes Pool_table Jukebox Dartboard Quiz_machine and Widescreen TV must have a value that is either yes or no e In the tables Food and Pub_quiz the attributes Finish_time and End_time must be greater than the attribute Start_time To implement this would require the use of a validation rule that would be in the form of gt Start_time Implementing this satisfies business rules 7 and 8 e Inthe Promotions table the attribute Start_date would have to be equal or greater than the current date The attribute must have a validation rule in the form of gt Date Implementing this satisfies business rule 5 25 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds e In the Promotions table the attribute End_date would have to be equal or greater than the Start date The attribute must have a validation rule in the form of gt Start_date Implementing this satisfies business rule 6 4 2 User interface design Figure 4 2 shows the design of the user interface that the administrator will use to satisfy the minimum requirement of Configure the database to provide a user friendly interface that allows an administrator to add delete edit the information he
44. Users should not have to learn new things to perform familiar tasks The use of concepts and techniques that users already understand from their real world experiences allows them to get started quickly and make progress immediately The metaphors used in today s user interfaces tend to be inadequate when compared to the real world Through the use of visuals and interaction techniques that more closely resemble users real world experiences there should be little need to continue reliance on such metaphors In the past designers tended to invoke a principle of consistency when no single design alternative appeared to be the best answer By choosing to be consistent with something the user already understands an interface can be made easier to learn more productive and even fun to use Avoid the tendency to employ consistency without understanding your users their tasks and their shared experiences When choosing a dimension within which to be consistent seek to understand what the user expects and be consistent with those expectations Providing a familiar experience is the ultimate use of consistency in which a truly intuitive interface will result Obviousness Make objects and their controls visible and intuitive Where you can use real world representations in the interface Real world representations and natural interactions direct action give the interface a familiar look and feel and can make it more intuitive to learn and use Icons
45. ad rate of a particular page could be the factor for a user to abandon the system altogether This is my justification for not using as many graphics or images on the system interface The users also suggested than an online map that specifically located the social establishment would be desirable This was included as part of the future enhancements and will be discussed in the next chapter Involving the user in this testing phase provided useful feedback on possible enhancements to the system It is important to make sure user requirements are always considered in order for them to accept the system 45 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds 7 EVALUATION 7 1 Why we need an Evaluation Evaluation is required to identify whether the system does what its supposed to do Sections 3 4 and 3 5 identify user needs in the form of functional and non functional requirements These are brought together to form an evaluation criterion for which each requirement can be evaluated against the system implemented The way the system is going to be evaluated is by identifying whether the minimum requirements have been met and exceeded 7 2 Exceeding Minimum requirements This section identifies the minimum requirements that are evaluated to see whether they have been met exceeded or not met at all To evaluate possible software tools for the implementation of the project and understand why one piece of software is mo
46. add delete edit search details of bars clubs and their promotions Pubs accesses a separate menu that allows you to add delete edit search details of Pubs Location Details accesses a form that allows you to add delete edit Location areas Exit Exits the system 2 Using the Clubs Bars and Promotions Menu After selecting Clubs Bars and Promotions from the main menu you are presented with the following menu in figure 2 Clubs_bars_and_promotions Form Add Delete Edit Bar Details Add Delete Edit Club Details Bar Club Search Add Delete Edit Promotion Details Promotion Search Add Delete Edit Music Types ERE EREE Figure 2 Clubs Bars Promotions 96 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds 2 1 Using the Add Delete Edit Bar Details Form General details Name Address Borlase SCS S Location Comexchange Postcode E Tel_no 0113 2457645 Capacity 50 E No_of_rooms Description f cool funky bar Image Filename Erb ipa Delete Bar Add Bar Promotions Figure 3 Bars Form 2 1 1 Adding a Bar a To add a Bar into the database simply click the Add Bar Button T b Enter the details in the blank fields shown in figure 3 In the case of an on a field you are required to select the field entry from the drop down menu c If you have an image of the Bar Place the file in the same direc
47. aft chapter 14th Mar 30 2 Mid Project Report 12th Dec 6 Progress Meeting 23rd Mar 31 3 Database inplementation completion 417th Mar 7 Project Deadline 2nd May 32 4 Web implementation completion 7th Apr The Gantt chart above has been revised from the one that was submitted with the mid term project report This was due to the fact that the earlier Gantt chat was too unrealistic 56 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds Appendix D IBM Principles For Good Interface Design Design basics The design principles presented here combine traditional wisdom with extensions to address the evolution of future interfaces Existing design principles are based on our own experiences in user interface design on the design experiences of others and on insights from linguistics and psychology We have extended these design principles to address evolving interfaces that will provide a more friendly appearance and behaviour in the future The increasing use of 3 D and real world representations as well as the blossoming popularity of the Internet and the World Wide Web have strongly influenced these progressions The most recent influence on these principles has come from our design experience in creating an object oriented user interface OOUI IBM pioneered OOUI architecture and design Popular operating systems such as Windows 95 IBM OS 2 Warp and CDE for Unix provide varying degrees of object orientation for users
48. alth amp Beauty Celebs amp Gossip Shopping Jobs amp Careers Homes amp Property News amp Community Business amp Services Football amp Sport Kids amp Youth Personals Classifieds Message board h okr thi Club Night Listings The Afterdark Club t night gS Gigs Concerts and Music Listings Cockpit click here for club night listin The HiFi Clut Cockpit Leeds Metropolitan University 54 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds BBC Leeds Club Guide AM BBC Leeds Music Clubbing in Leeds Microsoft Internet Explorer Fle Edt View Favorites Tools Help e Heak A A Qseach GFavortes Bristory A 5 A aA Q Address htto j mww bbc co ukjleeds musicjclubjclubs_a_e shtml z sw unis MEH CATEGORIES TV RADIO COMMUNICATE WHERE I LIVE INDEX SEARCH J THURSDAY 24th April 2003 Tod pee music clubs and gigs ext onl Leeds club guide England d You re on for a sore bere m bLeeds big night out sora News with your mates Sport but where will Travel you go The Leeds gig guide Weather wh x Local bands Going Out Don t go directory Messageboard Clubbing in Leeds The lowdown anywhere Clubbing in Leeds Competitions without checking Webcams out our Leeds Sense of Place club guide first nee oe All_2gether_now SEE ALSO A ja ig ee ast na EA E Clubs A A 31 K O P Student Life S005 ee gig
49. aluation of Client side scripting tools The fact that I have decided upon ASP has had an impact on what scripting I use for client side processing ASP is very compatible with VBScript in the fact that it is needed to bind together the elements of ASP ADO and ADC For this reason VBScript will be used as the choice of software 11 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds 3 ANALYSIS 3 1 Requirements Analysis The purpose of this section is to identify the different users for the system and determine their requirements There are essentially two main users for this information system administrative users and student users that are discussed below 3 1 1 Administrative users The administrator s of the system are responsible for adding deleting editing information in the database and keeping the system up to date There are two different ways of administrating the system One way would be to have each owner of the social establishment update their own details themselves Potentially this would be a very efficient system that would be kept updated by each administrator However a number of problems do arise from this approach e The most obvious problem is the fact that some of the administrators will forget to update their own establishment resulting in the information being out of date e This method of keeping the system up to date would more than likely have the implication of training for these users It is
50. and windows were early attempts to draw on user experiences outside the computing domain As we move toward real world representations reliance on such computer artefacts should decline In an object oriented interface the objects and concepts presented to users parallel familiar things from the real world for example 58 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds Trash can when we throw things away we usually use some type of trash receptacle or trash can An object on the desktop displayed as a trash can communicates to users that it is a place for discarding things It should look like the real object rather than like an abstract container and the user should be able to show its contents in a meaningful way Telephone the actions we take with telephones are so familiar to most of us that they require little thought A telephone object on the desktop indicates to users that it will allow them to perform phone related tasks and users will expect it to behave like the real thing The controls of the system should be clearly visible and their functions identifiable Visual representations provide cues and reminders that help users understand roles remember relationships and recognize what the computer is doing For example the numbered buttons on the telephone object indicate that they can be used to key in a telephone number Allow users to interact directly with objects and minimize the use of indirect techn
51. arch button at the bott Leeds iew a particular club or lect the pub from the ge which you drop down menu at the top enter in the appropriate text and click search To refine your search select into the forum from the appropriate criteria and select search button at the 82 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds Appendix J Validation Testing Testing Attribute Tel_No in Pub and Venue tables ACTION EXPECTED RESULT ACTUAL RESULT Enter Tel No 0113 2454545 Action ok Same as expected Enter Tel No 01132 245454 Action ok Same as expected Enter Tel No 011 22222222 Enter Tel No 0113 24545454 Error message displayed User prevented from entering any Tel No not in the 00009 0000009 format Same as expected Same as expected Enter Tel No 011A 2454545 Error message displayed Same as expected Testing Attribute Start_date ACTION EXPECTED RESULT ACTUAL RESULT Enter Start_date 16 04 2003 Action ok Same as expected in Promotions table when the current date is 16 04 2003 Enter Start_date 17 04 2003 Action ok Same as expected in Promotions table when the current date is 16 04 2003 Enter Start_date 15 04 2003 in Promotions table when the current date is 16 04 2003 Error message displayed on validation rule Same as expected Enter Start_d
52. ary key attribute Foreign key dependencies can be used so that the first four business rules in section 3 6 are satisfied When a tuple in the primary table is deleted referential integrity can be modified so that all related records in the foreign key tables are also deleted The same procedure can be done when primary tables are updated 4 1 9 Input Validation Validation rules apply a constraint on an attribute that restrict users input They help to prevent unnecessary errors by setting the particular format of an attribute For example an attribute with the validation rule of gt Date requires that the date entered would have to be greater than the current date in order for it to be valid In Microsoft access validation can be in the form of validation rules input masks format and default values The following attributes are validated using one of these techniques They are described below e In the tables Pub and Venue the Postcode attribute must be in the form of LLO9 OLL where an L represents a letter and a 0 or 9 represent a number The difference between a 0 and a 9 is the fact that the 0 must be supplied This accommodates postcodes that are either in the format of LS6 1DF or LS10 3GH e In the tables Pub and Venue the Tel_No attribute must be in the form of 00009 0000009 The user must enter a minimum four numbers and a maximum of five numbers for the area code
53. ary oe cisuhestie cack cuts EE A esta ERA AE 24 4 1 7 Database Population eae taste hes acai avdagld esac ons csienetadas AAR Ea a sities iiss a laa Bass be Reia eth 24 4 18 Inte privy COnStra sits E halt Sos saa E bed eae daa ted Pheekewene E ceded Mibuea N 24 41 9 Tinput V ali ations ssscescccesiescxsevasvaseveevtacaasuasuaaessexnasea AAA E A ovaouaaeudecdaveadvagvadeaspuaeea TERESA 25 4 2 User interface esi enn rinna naa a uted scdedaviesedeaedaul benavaatadadsaddbeewensataaaeses 26 Av Web intertace desidia nana a a sues a a Seetteae cies eat 27 5 IMPLEMENTA TION iien a e a aat 29 5 1 Database Implementation eseeeeesseeseresssseressesessssrestssretssteresssresessreessrresesresessreessee 29 Shb Table implemnena Tie aea NE EENE E E E E EEE OEN 29 5 12 Relationship Diagram vesccd ceccesssevces coe cegsceeceavcescendoscgndedupevcencee segnceecceuseusunse T AR yes 30 Jha Form plemena oasa A a te eeviervecbee site vibeceevtencestonthe ar demons 31 5 1 4 Macro Implementations cisiescavisscorcoisesssaecdascersenconscencassatadescoaseasianseeavendeadeessessassanavessensasseasceeasensa 33 5 2 Implementation of server side SCTIPtiNG eseeecceeessceceeseeeeessececeseeeecessstaeeeeenaaeers 33 5 2 Home Page ices rieib ceacehs lbigetenee eh adeapine A EE E Re aN E EEEE ehehunbe due dpaevberge des ral oun a 34 522 2 PUDS Pages TEE A Season mining ess lane nineen 34 52 3 P bsres lts pate nevinii e aeit e Tea eane aieiaa aeia ra Taa enaa eaea 3
54. as a URL parameter to the Pub detail page The pub detail page then selects all the details of the pub where the Pub_id value is equal to that of what has been sent by the Pub results page 5 2 4 The Pub Detail Page Skyrack Otley Road Headingley L56 1FG 0113 2256667 Pool Table True Jukebox True Quiz Machine True Widescreen TY Dartboard Description Quiz Information Food Information Night Day Start Time Finish Time OP Food Details ec Figure 5 16 The Pub detail page The detail page provides the user with more information on their requested pub Referencing the image attribute in the Pub table provides the image It can be presented using the following code lt img src lt rsPub Fields Item image Value gt gt Each record from the Pub_quiz table and Food table is displayed where the Pub_id value in these tables match the Pub_id sent as the URL parameter from the pub results page These records are looped till the end of the recordset and displayed under each other for the different days of the week When the case arrives that a pub has no quiz nights for example then the table will not be displayed at all Should the user wish to look at another one of their search results they can simply click Back which will navigate them to the results table This becomes quite useful because it eliminates the need to repeat the search over and over 37
55. at exist through the system A double ended arrow represents both pages providing hyperlinks to each other 28 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds 5 IMPLEMENTATION 5 1 Database Implementation Implementation of the database was based on the normalised database schema constructed in the design phase The methodology selected in section 1 3 5 allowed for the creation of modules where each module was designed implemented and tested independently of the other modules Such an example would be where tables were designed implemented and tested before the design stage of the forms was started The methodology also allowed for previous stages to be re visited should an element of a module need re designing 5 1 1 Table implementation me xj FieldName DataType Pub_id AutoNumber Pub_name Text 7 4 4 _ Address Text Each entity from the ER Diagram was constructed in amp Postcode Text Li ti Numbi Ei Lecoton a Microsoft Access as a Table Each of these tables al Tel_No Text pee reon en were created in the design view option rather than using fi I quiz_machine Yes No sartboard eae the table wizard because it allows the designer to have __ Widescreen_T Yes No E Image ext isl more control over each of the attribute properties For Field Properties General example design view allows you to specify the default Field Size 50 Format value for each attribute
56. ate 16 03 2003 in Promotions table when the current date is 16 04 2003 Error message displayed on validation rule 83 Same as expected An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds Testing Attribute End_date ACTION EXPECTED RESULT ACTUAL RESULT Enter End_date 16 04 2003 Action ok Same as expected in Promotions table when the Start_date is 16 04 2003 Enter End_date 17 04 2003 Action ok Same as expected in Promotions table when the Start_date is 16 04 2003 Enter End_date 15 04 2003 Error message displayed on in Promotions table when validation rule the Start_date is 16 04 2003 Enter End_date 16 03 2003 Error message displayed on in Promotions table when validation rule the Start_date is 16 04 2003 Same as expected Same as expected Testing Attribute Finish_time in Pub_quiz table ACTION EXPECTED RESULT ACTUAL RESULT Enter Finish_time 16 30 in Action ok Pub_quiz table when the Start_time is 11 30 Same as expected Enter Finish_time 11 31 in Action ok Same as expected Pub_quiz table when the Start_time is 11 30 Enter Finish_time 10 30 in Error message displayed on Same as expected Pub_quiz table when the validation rule Start_time is 11 30 Enter Fin
57. ates its own value with an autonumber data type Each form has the ability to return to previous menus by selecting the required navigational command button at the bottom of the form The form also allows you to enter view food and quiz details for a particular pub The way this works is by running an event procedure in Visual Basic when the button is clicked The visual Basic code filters the records in the Pub_quiz table to just those with the Pub_id that matches the current record on the form After the command button is clicked the Pub_quiz form is displayed as shown in figure 5 5 31 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds The Day of the week is an unbound combo box that retrieves its option values from the Night table The administrator can simply select from the drop down menu Start_time 20 00 00 Finish_time 22 30 00 Quiz Details eee the required day of the week to enter or view the quiz details The code that filters the quiz details for each Delete Pub Quiz for THIS Day Delete ALL Quiz Update and Close Details For this Pub Quiz Details different pub can be shown in Appendix G The code to link the Food Details is constructed the same Figure 5 5 Quiz Details Form After conducting several informal interviews with students in the school of computing it was decided that there was a need for search forms so that pubs clubs bars and promotions could easily be s
58. ay Delete ALL Quiz Update and Close Details For this Pub Quiz Details Delete ALL Food Details For this Pub Close Food Details 71 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds Pub Search Form Before search Type in the name of the Pub you wish to search for and click search Pub_name I Search Pub Search Form After search Pub search Type in the name of the Pub you wish to search for and click search Pub_name ekyrack Search General details Pub_name Soak s CS_ Address OteyRoad a Location JHeadindley Postcode sr TelNo 0113 2256 Description Eang in the middle of headingle Image Filename kraska o Does it have the following Pool_table quiz_machine dart_board Widescreen_TV Jukebox Enter Food Details Enter Quiz Details Delete Pub 72 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds General details Name Address Location Postcode Telno Capacity No_of_rooms Description Image Filename Delete Bar Add Bar General details Name Address Location Postcode Tel_no Capacity No_of_rooms Description Image Filename Bars Form I O m a A Comexchange ed Ema paee 500 E 4 cool funky bar brt ipa Promotions Clubs Form paw oo risa 00 TE The biggest club in Leeds Creation ipa 173 Promotions by venue id For
59. ays but a particular food day can only be at one pub Night holds Food_Day 1 M A day of the week can have many different food days but a particular food day can only have one day of the week Night holds Quiz_night 1 M A day of the week can have many different quiz nights but a particular quiz night can only have one day of the week Night holds Promotion 1 M A night of the week such as Monday holds many different promotions but a particular promotion can only be on one night of the week Venue has Promotion 1 M A venue can have many promotions but a particular promotion can only be at one venue 20 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds Music has Promotion 1 M A type of music is represented in many promotions but a particular promotion only represents one type of music Location _ P Food Dav _P SSX Figure 4 1 Entity Relationship Diagram The entity relationship diagram shown in Figure 4 1 shows that entities Bar and Club inherit attributes from the entity Venue The reason why the entity relationship diagram is constructed in this way is so that a Bar or a club can hold a particular promotion This allows a promotion to change venue from a club to a bar or vice versa using this design If separate entities Bar and Club were just used then this would not be possible The Bar and Club entities will
60. bility that the system could be used in conjunction with the student unions university open day This would provide a useful guide to those considering a university life in the city of Leeds Although the system is unlikely to go into deployment it has been a success in a number of ways Firstly the project has met all the minimum requirements Secondly the project has exceeded minimum requirements by implementing five out of six possible enhancements The system was also a success in the fact that it compared more favourably to the systems currently available The objectives pointed out in the summary section of the project were clearly satisfied by making good use of project management The methodology selected was clearly the right choice allowing me to design implement and test sections of the project in modules Although it may be argued that the fifth stage in the software life cycle Maintain was not carried out the methodology was still required to carry out the remaining stages in the project Even though there is not a specific administrator for the system the system still provides the functionality for maintaining it via a user interface The project was set a strict deadline that was met minimum requirements and future enhancements were carried out In this respect the project can be considered a success 51 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds REFERENCES 1 Avison D E and Fitzgerald G
61. board An improvement would be to contain a dictionary of words that are considered offensive and provide a mechanism to restrict users from posting anything that is offensive Provide a pop up map for each establishment giving detailed directions Providing a map of where a social establishment is located would be very beneficial to the user as it would remove the need to search for maps once an appropriate establishment has been found from the search The map could be displayed dynamically in the same way that the image is displayed for each of the social establishments As well as the map detailed instructions of how to get to the establishment could also be included Provide a separate service where users can register and receive automatic emails with regards to the kind of venues music they are into The service would allow users to register and provide information about their favourite establishments and music This information would be used so that automatic emails could be sent to each different user dependent on their interests and tastes The system would provide a more personalised service that would cater for user needs 50 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds 7 6 Conclusion It seemed unrealistic to assume that the system produced will be put into deployment The reality is that the system was carried out as a final year project and thus may come to nothing but that However there is a possi
62. code P Image FROM Pub AS P INNER JOIN Location AS L ON L Location_id P Location LEFT JOIN Pub_quiz AS Q ON P Pub_id Q Pub_id LEFT JOIN Food AS F ON P Pub_id F Pub_id WHERE P Pub_name IS NOT NULL AND L Location_id LIKE 1 AND P Pool_table LIKE ON AND P Widescreen_TV LIKE ON AND P Quiz_machine LIKE ON 91 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds Expected result ORDER BY P Pub_name There are no pubs matching your search Actual result Syntax error Club Bar Search test results ATTRIBUTE SELECTION Night Monday Location Any Location Venue Type Any Music Type Any Music Type SQL Query SELECT P Night_id P Music_id FROM Venue V INNER JOIN Location L ON L Location_id V Location LEFT JOIN Promotions P ON V Venue_id P Venue_id WHERE P Night_id LIKE Monday ORDER BY V Venue_name Expected result There are 5 clubs bars matching your search Actual result Same as expected ATTRIBUTE SELECTION Night Tuesday Location Corn exchange Venue Type Any Music Type Any Music Type SQL Query SELECT P Night_id P Music_id FROM Venue V INNER JOIN Location L ON L Location_id V Location LEFT JOIN Promotions P ON V Venue_id P Venue_id WHERE P Night_id LIKE Tuesday AND L Location_id LIKE 2 ORDER BY V Venue_name Expected result There are 2 clubs bars matching your search Actual resu
63. crosoft FrontPage Microsoft FrontPage is a user friendly tool that allows the designer to select from 3 different views in order to see the progress that they have made Normal view provides the user with an interface that allows them to create a website with various tools on offer to them via certain toolbars The HTML is automatically created for you FrontPage also offers you the facility to write the HTML yourself or to self modify the code that had resulted from creation in the normal view This can be done in the HTML view The final view the preview view allows the user to see what they have created in FrontPage s version of a browser Along with its other features for creating web pages FrontPage can be used to create web databases and pages that incorporate dynamic database content 5 The HTML view in FrontPage can also be used to write the ASP code FrontPage automatically recognises ASP code and formats it so the colour of the code is different This is a useful feature that allows you to distinguish from ASP and HTML 2 3 3 Macromedia Dreamweaver The world s best way to create professional websites is now the easiest way to build powerful Internet applications For the first time you can work in a single environment to quickly create build and manage websites and Internet applications 10 The main function of this program is its ability to create pages using Dynamic Hypertext Mark up Language DHTML This gives the br
64. ctional requirements in section 3 4 can be used that directly relate to this minimum requirement 46 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds The system must allow for Pubs to be added deleted and updated This requirement has been successfully implemented The system provides an interface for the administrative user whereby they can add a pub delete a pub and update a pub The system must allow for Clubs to be added deleted and updated This requirement has been successfully implemented The system provides an interface for the administrator user whereby they can add a club delete a club and update a club The system must allow for Bars to be added deleted and updated This requirement has been successfully implemented The system provides an interface for the administrator user whereby they can add a bar delete a bar and update a bar The system must allow for a Location to be added deleted and updated This requirement has been successfully implemented The system provides an interface for the administrator user whereby they can add a location delete a location and update a location The system must allow for a Music type to be added deleted and updated This requirement has been successfully implemented The system provides an interface for the administrator user whereby they can add a music type delete a music type and update a music type The system must allow for a Club or Bar Promoti
65. d night of the week from the drop down menu Click the Delete Promotion Button Confirm the deletion by selecting Yes in a message box like the one shown in figure 4 Editing a Promotion for a Bar Click the Promotions Button on the form Select the required night of the week from the drop down menu Edit the appropriate fields in the form Click the Close Form Button to return to the Bar form Navigating to Other Menus Click Clubs Bars and Promotions at the bottom of the Form to return to the previous Menu Click Main Menu at the bottom of the Form to return to the Main menu Using the Add Delete Edit Club Details Form Please refer to section 2 1 on Using the Add Delete Edit Bar Details Form The operations carried out are executed in the same way as Bars 98 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds General details Name x Address E5 Cookridge Steet Location Cy Cente z Postcode paw ooo Tel_no ma 247272 Capacity 3000 No_of_tooms CL 4 Description ij biggest club in Leeds Image Filename Erestion ipa Delete Club Add Club Promotions Figure 6 Clubs Form 2 3 Using the Bar Club Search Form a Enter the name of the Club or Bar u wish to search for in the text box shown in figure 7 Yenue search Type in the name of the club or bar you wish to search for and click search Venue_name Search Figur
66. d to ensure that both referential integrity and entity integrity are satisfied Table 6 1 outlines some of the referential integrity tests that were carried out ACTION EXPECTED RESULT ACTUAL RESULT Delete Location Headingley Headingley deleted from Location Same as expected table and any pubs clubs and bars that are in this location consequentially deleted Delete Venue Creation Creation deleted from Venue table Same as expected and any Promotions that are run for this 40 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds venue consequentially deleted from the Promotions table Delete Pub Skyrack Skyrack deleted from Pub table and Same as expected any Pub quiz or food details that are run for this pub are consequentially deleted from their respected tables Table 6 1 Referential Integrity Testing Each database table was tested for entity integrity by leaving the primary key attribute s NULL The system provides a relevant error message explaining to the user that this attribute cannot contain a NULL value This need not be tested for any attribute that has the data type of autonumber due to the fact that on record entry this will automatically be generated 6 1 2 Validation testing The other main area for testing the database is the validation rules These are tested to make sure that user
67. e It can be seen that each table is connected through the use of primary and foreign keys Promo_id Promo_name Start_date End_date Dresscode Entry_price Drinks offers Yenue_id Night_id Music_id Music_id Music_type Description Food_Details Start_time Finish_time Location Pool_table quiz_machine Widescreen_TY Image Figure 5 2 Relationship Diagram To ensure that integrity is maintained throughout the database Access allows you to select the Enforce Referential Integrity option This ensures that users cannot add records to a relation R1 where there is no reference to a relation R2 if they are connected by some relationship 21x Figure 5 3 shows how these relationships are defined Table Query Related Table Query s aS oe z Another useful feature offered by Access is the Pubid Pub_id aa Join Type Create New delete any records in the foreign key table that Cascade Delete Related Records option This will JV Enforce Referential Integrity Cascade Update Related Fields reference the record in the primary table that is being IV Cascade Delete Related Records deleted Relationship Type One To Many Figure 5 3 Defining relationships 30 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds The example shown in Figure 5 3 shows the relationship between the Pub table and the Pub_quiz
68. e Tel_No Description Pool_table Quiz_machine Dartboard Jukebox Widescreen_TV Image Food_Day Pub_id Night_id Food_details Start_time Finish_time Quiz_Night Pub_id Night_id Quiz_details Start_time Finish_time Location Location_id Location Night Night_id Music Music_id Music_type Description Venue Venue_id Venue_name Type Address Location Postcode Tel_no Capacity No_of_rooms Description Image Promotions Promo_id Promo_name Start_date End_date Dresscode Entry_Price Drinks_offers Venue_id Night_id Music_id 4 1 3 Relationships A relationship can be classified by differing degrees They can be one to one 1 1 one to many 1 M or many to many M N relationships 7 These relationships represent the logical links between the different entities The relationship between the entity Venue and the entity Promotion 19 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds is a one to many relationship A venue can have many promotions but a promotion can only have one venue thus classifying the relationship as one to many Entity 1 Relationship Entity 2 Classification Location has Pub 1 M A particular Location such as Headingley can have many pubs but a Pub such as Skyrack can only have one Location Pub has Quiz_night 1 M A pub can have many quiz nights but a particular quiz night can only be at one pub A pub can have many food d
69. e 7 Club Bar Search Form b Click the Search button to display the details of your requested venue c To edit any details in the search result simply click on the required fields and change the information in them accordingly 99 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds 2 4 2 4 1 a b c 2 4 2 a b 2 4 3 a b c Using the Add Delete Edit Promotion Details Form romotions Promo_name Emo Start_date Li End_date i Dresscode Bahin o Entry_price fans ooo Drinks offers Eses oo Venue Creation M Day of the Week Monday x Music Type Dance a Description of Music ee Delete Promotion Add Promotion Figure 8 Promotions Form Adding a Promotion To add a promotion simply click the Add Promotion Button Enter the details in the empty fields provided by the form Please note a Venue and a night of the week must be selected from the drop down menus or you will receive an error message Click Update Promotion to enter the promotion Deleting a Promotion To delete a Promotion simply click the Delete Promotion Button To confirm the deletion select Yes from the message box shown in figure 4 Changing Venue for a promotion Whilst viewing the required promotion select a new Venue from the drop down menu This can be seen in figure 9 Venue Day of the Week Music Type Heaven and Hell
70. e ASP query code can be found in Appendix K This appendix also covers test plans for the Club Bar Search page ATTRIBUTE SELECTION Location Headingley Food Start time Any Time Food Finish time Any Time 42 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds Food Day Any Day Quiz Night Any Day Widescreen TV not selected Jukebox not selected Pool table not selected Dartboard not selected Quiz machine not selected SQL Query SELECT DISTINCT P Pub_id Pub_name P Description P Location P Pool_table P Quiz_machine P dartboard P Jukebox P Widescreen_TV L Location_id L Location P Address P Tel_No P Postcode P Image FROM Pub AS P INNER JOIN Location AS L ON L Location_id P Location LEFT JOIN Pub_quiz AS Q ON P Pub_id Q Pub_id LEFT JOIN Food AS F ON P Pub_id F Pub_id WHERE P Pub_name IS NOT NULL AND L Location_id LIKE 1 ORDER BY P Pub_name Expected result There are 8 Pubs matching your search Actual result Same as expected Table 6 5 Example Test Plan for search pages The final phase of unit testing involves testing the use of the message board The message board interface includes two text boxes for which the user enters both their name and their message Initial faults were found with this message board in the situation where either or both of the text boxes were left empty The methodology I had selected in section
71. e database system e A web Interface that connects to the database e A user manual if future enhancement is achieved M An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank the following people who have provided me with a great level of support throughout my project Ann Roberts my supervisor who has provided me with tremendous encouragement and support through all stages of the project Thank you for all the help you have provided me with over the last year Sarah Fores my assessor who provided me with useful suggestions during the progress meeting Stuart Roberts who was kind enough to provide assistance with any database related queries that I had Ollie Clark who was also kind enough to provide assistance with any database related queries that I had My Parents who continue to support me in everything I do All my friends within the school of computing who have provided me with much needed humour and help whilst spending my time in the level 7 lab IV An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds CONTENTS PAGE LZINTRODUCTION wines ans a anata ata 1 1 1 Introduction to the problems Toeren a e e a a 1 1 2 Current Systems eiie aoter a E EE E TAEA A EEEE E REAT 1 1 2 1 My Leeds rrente i e eO E E E A E E E EAO AEE 1 1 2 2 BBC Leeds Club Guide ma rseoei noreste ie iooni a devine aa Ses Geach Dias aaa a Eaa FEA O Eao ENS 1 1 2 3 Webf
72. e in the name of the Pub you wish to search for and click search Pub_name Skyrack Search Figure 16 Searching for a Pub 104 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds b Click the Search button to display details of your requested Pub c To edit any details in the search result simply click on the required fields and edit them accordingly 4 Using the Location Details Form This form allows you to scroll through the different locations using the arrows on the form Should there be a time when a new are of Leeds is introduced to the city then you can compensate for that by clicking the Add new Location button Should a location cease to exist you can remove it by clicking the Delete Location This has the effect of deleting any pubs clubs and bars that have this location Location 22 April 2003 12 15 PM Location Headingley m ap Add Location Delete Location Main Menu Figure 17 Location Form 105 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds Appendix M Sample ASP code The following few pages provide the asp code for Clubs bar page This includes the search page the result page and the detail page 106
73. earched on The administrator simply enters into the text box the name they wish to search for Yenue search Type in the name of the club or bar you wish to search for and click search Venue_name creation Search Figure 5 7 Venue_search Form The result this has is to produce a subform in the main form itself of the details that relate directly to the search criteria This subform is based on the following query SELECT FROM Venue WHERE Venue_name LIKE forms venuesearch venue_name Each club and bar form allows you to view or enter promotions for any particular night of the week Using visual basic code that is similar to that shown in Appendix G the promotions are filtered from the promotions table by the venue_id The venue_id filtered is equal to that in the current club or bar form The administrator is able to select from a drop down menu a night of the week that they wish to view or enter details on If the night of the week selected already has a promotion for that particular venue then the promotion details will be displayed in the subform below the Night of the week drop down menu If there is no promotion on that particular night then the promotion subform will have blank fields that the administrator may wish to fill in if they want to enter a promotion for that night of the week A particular promotion may change from one venue to another so a form based on the promotions table was created
74. ent and enhances the user s confidence in the system Avoid situations where users may be working with information that is not up to date Information should be updated immediately or refreshed as soon as possible so that users are not making incorrect decisions or assumptions If for some reason the results of a refresh cannot be displayed immediately the situation should be communicated to users This becomes especially important in networked environments where it is more difficult to maintain state between networked systems dynamically For example most Web browsers display a completion percentage in the information area so that users know the progress of the graphics loading process Safety Keep the user out of trouble Users should be protected from making errors The burden of keeping the user out of trouble rests on the designer The interface should provide visual cues reminders lists of choices and other aids either automatically or on request Humans are much better at recognition than recall Contextual and hover help as well as agents can provide supplemental assistance Simply stated eliminate the opportunity for user error and confusion Users should never have to rely on their own memory for something the system already knows such as previous settings file names and other interface details If the information is in the system in any form the system should provide it Two way communication may be necessary at times to all
75. es no results This is likely to be due to the fact that no entries are present in the database at the current time The fact that the system produces no search results makes it impossible to state whether the system provides details on pubs clubs and bars 1 2 4 Web site to provide info on Clubs Pubs and Bars for Leeds Students Final Year Project Fraser William Nelson Stride conducted this final year project The reason why this has been chosen for evaluation is due to the fact that it is a project of similar nature to my own The system was originally designed to include details of pubs clubs and bars but due to time constraints was only able to produce information on pubs The user interface that this system provided was one of simplicity and familiarity The system provides a pub search page that allows a user to search on different attributes However this search functionality is somewhat limited due to the fact that the user can only search on individual attributes A user may want to select multiple attributes in order to refine their search and would be unable to do this using this system 1 2 5 Summary of current systems From the research carried out it seems to be the case that there is not a single system that satisfies student needs The third system evaluated was the only system that had a simplistic easy to use interface The other two systems had interfaces that were designed poorly and cluttered up with too much information and
76. f the correct sequence 57 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds The system should also allow users to establish and maintain a working context or frame of reference The current state of the system and the actions that users can perform should be obvious Users should be able to leave their systems for a moment or a day and find the systems in the same familiar state when they return This contextual framework contributes to their feeling of stability Most users perform a variety of tasks being expert at some and novice at others In addition to providing assistance when requested the system should recognize and anticipate the user s goals and offer assistance to make the task easier Ideally assistance should provide users with knowledge that will allow them to accomplish their tasks quickly Intelligent assistance is like the training wheels on a bicycle at some point most users will want to take them off and go forward on their own The assistance should allow them to become independent at some point when they choose to be so Familiarity Build on users prior knowledge Allow users to build on prior knowledge especially knowledge they have gained from experience in the real world A small amount of knowledge used consistently throughout an interface can empower the user to accomplish a large number of tasks Concepts and techniques can be learned once and then applied in a variety of situations
77. gn of the user interface is also included in this chapter January 2003 March 2003 e Implementation having designed the system the time comes to implement it The chapter shows how various components of the system were implemented and how the selected methodology was followed to construct it February 2003 April 2003 e Testing This chapter takes into consideration two different forms of testing Unit testing provides feedback on the functionality of the system while acceptance testing shows whether users have accepted the system January 2003 March 2003 e Evaluation This chapter concludes the project by examining the requirements gathered in the analysis section to see whether they have been achieved The chapter also provides information about any future improvements that could be made April 2003 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds 2 COMPARISON OF SOFTWARE TOOLS 2 1 Databases and Database Management systems A database is any collection of facts that are systematically organised 5 To be able to perform operations like insert delete and update the database needs to be managed by a substantial package of software This is called a Database Management System DBMS A DBMS is a generalized software package for implementing and maintaining a computerized database 7 A DBMS is responsible for many tasks such as to provide functions that only allow users with permiss
78. he importance of users tasks establish a hierarchy of these tasks visually An important object can be given extra visual prominence Relative position and contrast in color and size can be used Affordance when users can easily determine the action that should be taken with an object that object displays good affordance Objects with good affordance usually mimic real world objects Visual scheme design a visual scheme that maps to the user model and lets the user customize the interface Do not eliminate extra space in your image just to save space Use white space to provide visual breathing room 62 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds Appendix E Database Schema Pub Ea RR name Atos Cason Poe THING Destin Pool_table Quiz_machine Dartboard Jukebox Widescreen_TV Image Food Pub_id Night _id Food_details Start_time Finish_time Pub_quiz Pub_id Night_id Quiz_details Start_time Finish_time Location Night Night id Venue Venue_id Venue_name Type Address Location Postcode Tel No Description Capacity No_of_rooms Image Promotions Promo_id Promo_name Start_date End_date Dresscode Entry Price Drinks_offers Venue id Night id Music_id Music Music _ id Music_type Description 63 An info system to provide details of social establish
79. he system does provide a pop up map that shows the precise location of each establishment The clubs page provides adequate details on promotions but once again lacks any mechanism whereby users are able to refine their search A principle of a good interface is simplicity The interface is not simple it is not straightforward and is clustered with unnecessary adverts and objects 1 2 2 BBC Leeds Club Guide This website provides a simple interface where users can retrieve information on bars and clubs However searching is non existent and users are required to browse through all the clubs and bars before they identify any that will stimulate interest The system becomes useful if the user knows which establishment they are looking for but is not particularly useful for users who don t know what they are looking for The system provides no information about pubs or food which are as important An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds to students as clubs and bars are There is no use of images that can help the user to visualise what the establishment is like 1 2 3 Webflyers Leeds Nightlife and Clubbing guide This provides the most simplistic and straightforward interface out of the three systems The user is presented with an immediate search screen that lets you search by venue night music and last updated However the functionality of the system is poor because each search produc
80. ial establishments in Leeds Currently information about promotions or social establishments is spread by word of mouth or flyers Although this is often a useful approach of distributing information it is not always readily available A system that could readily provide this information would be of great benefit to students There is often the case that students will go to a social establishment and find out that a particular promotion that they still believe existed doesn t exist There is a need for a system that will keep students updated with this kind of information to prevent such mistakes 1 2 Current systems Before I start my project it is important to evaluate some systems that are similar to the one I wish to propose Some systems do exist that provide some relevant information but none that are catered for student needs Using suitable search criteria in Google I was able pick out a selection of systems to be evaluated to see what the benefits and drawbacks are 1 2 1 My Leeds The system is not specific to pubs clubs and bars but provides information on gigs concerts and record shops The website is not particular user friendly with no real menu to help the user navigate through the system Details of bars and pubs are displayed but the information provided is very limited The system offers no search facilities that would enable users to find details of social establishments that they were interested in On the positive side t
81. ife cycle This process involves 5 unique stages for which the software is supposed to under take during its life Figure 2 1 The 5 Stage Software Life Cycle 2 The lifecycle is an orderly set of activities conducted and managed for each development project cycle The processes and methods are the machinery for a lifecycle implementation 3 This particular approach is iterative so that previous stages in the cycle can be re visited if they need to be Each of the five processes specified in Figure 2 1 relate directly to the project where the problem will be specified the system will be designed implemented tested and possibly have someone maintain it This kind of methodology allows you to construct the project modularly so that various functions of the system can be produced in separate modules Each function in a module will have been designed implemented and tested before the next module was undertaken 1 3 3 SSADM Structured Systems Analysis and Design Method SSADM is an analysis and design method that ensures an information systems specification is correctly defined and monitored 4 SSADM offers a hard approach to information systems development such that the stages tasks and deliverables are specified in advance The methodology represents a data driven method where the basic assumption is that systems have an underlying generic data structure which changes very little An info system to provide details
82. ife in Leeds A Message Board Home Pubs Name Clubs Bars Message Message Board Hein name messa i The food in the Original Oak was A 22 Links really good Alex Try Brb on Tuesday had a wicked night The Skyrack is a quality place to lon watch the Footy Go 16 0472005 eeeee0 Message Post acknowledgement Page Student Nightlife in Leeds Your message has been posted Home Clubs Bars Help Links 80 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds Home Page Student Nightlife in Leeds Clubs Bars t Message Board N 4 Help N Links s k 8 Home o Pubs clubs Bars WELCOME TO THE STUDENT NIGHTLIFE GUIDE IN LEEDS page allows you to view on selected Pubs You pecify search criteria the location of the pub or find which pubs s or have quizzes istance on how to use the system or bars that have a promotion on a particular night Links Page Student Nightlife in Leeds 81 you to view the me age board or post a message yourself This page provides useful links to web pages that you may find useful An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds Help Page dent Nightlife in To view a particular pub select the pub from the drop down menu at the top and q Clubs Bars click search N To refine your search select Message Board from the appropriate criteria and select se
83. ight_id Text 50 Primary No 65 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds Music Attribute Allow NULLS Music_id No Music_Type No Description Text 200 Venue Attribute Length Keys Allow Input mask NULLS Venue_id Long Int Primary No Venue_name 50 No Type 50 Address 50 Location Number Long Int Foreign No Postcode Text gt LLO09 OLL Tel_No Text 00009 0000009 Capacity Number 10 No_of_rooms Number 5 Description Text 200 Image Text 50 Promotions Attribute Data Type Length Keys Allow Validation Input NULLS Rule mask Promo_id Autonumber Long Int No Promo_name Text 50 Start_date Text gt Date 0 00 0000 End_date Date time gt Start_date 0 00 0000 Dresscode Text 50 Entry_Price Currency 2 dp Drinks_ offers Text 100 Venue_id Number Long Int Primary No Foreign Night_id Number Long Int Primary No Foreign Music_id Text 200 Foreign No Message_Board Attribute Data Type Length Keys Allow Input NULLS mask Message_id Autonumber Long Int Primary No Name Text 50 No Message Text 400 No Date Date time No Date 66 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds Appendix G Visual Basic Code Code to link the Pub_quiz Form to the Pub Form Foggle32 z click Sub Toggle32_Clic
84. in correspondence with the criterion that the user selects Provide a web based message board that users can post on Produce a user manual for the database Provide a pop up map for each establishment giving detailed directions Table 7 2 Future Enhancements Achieved 49 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds The reason why the last enhancement was not achieved was due to time constraints The project required at least three weeks to complete the write up The user manual for the database had only just been completed with three weeks until the project deadline so it was an unrealistic aim to implement the final enhancement 7 4 Advantages over other systems The major advantage that this system brings is its ability to combine different searches in order to produce a set of results that are more acquainted to the user requirements The interface provided is much simpler and is constructed in a way so users can be familiar with it The system also provides a message board that encourages users to communicate with each other on favoured places or promotion nights 7 5 Future Improvements Described below are a set of future improvements that if implemented would extend the systems functionality and usage Providing a dictionary for the message board Currently the message board is not administrated by anybody An implication of this is that users could post offensive messages onto the message
85. inistrate the database would be a difficult task The University Union is considering deploying the system as part of the University open day It would be unrealistic to assume that this project will definitely go into deployment 12 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds 3 1 2 Student users Student users are essentially those who are going to request the information entered in the database Each user will have different requirements for what they want to get out of the system Some students will want to use the system to find out which pubs have a pub quiz where others may want to find out which pubs have a pool table To find out their differing requirements it is important that a way of gathering this data is constructed Clubs and Bars will all have the same physical attributes and are only likely to differ by music location dress code and price It is for this reason that no further research needs to be carried out to see what further database attributes for these entities need to be included However pubs will differ by physical objects such as a pool table or a jukebox It is important to find out what pubs have different to offer so further research was carried out 3 2 Gathering of data One of the most important reasons for carrying out a requirements analysis is to enable you to gather data so the solution to the problem can be designed The most obvious way of gathering such data would be to produce q
86. ions to access and modify information in the database A database can be of two types a flat file database or a relational database A flat file database is the most basic type holding all data in a single table The simplest way to understand what this kind of database is is to think of a filing cabinet which is filled with individual pieces of paper where the only way to access this information is to go through them one by one The problem with flat file databases is that they suffer from data redundancy where data is unnecessarily duplicated A relational database counters this problem by breaking the database into different tables that reduces data redundancy It makes use of relationships where tables can be related by a common field so the data values don t have to be duplicated in the same table There are different DBMS that provide different languages but the one which is most common is Structured Query Language SQL which is de facto standard and the first Relational database language Almost every DBMS understands SQL so it becomes easy to import and export data from one database package to another The language is very simple reading almost like English which is very helpful when it comes to actually learning how to use it Data can be manipulated easily using SQL whether it be something as simple as deleting a record from a table or something difficult like updating values when an event occurs The possible Relational DBMS software will be
87. iques Identifying an object and doing something with it like picking up the handset of a phone to answer it usually are not separate actions in the real world Likewise with direct action techniques explicit selection is not necessary because selection is implicit in the actions users take with objects Real world 3D interfaces are especially conducive to direct interaction Encouragement Make actions predictable and reversible A user s actions should cause the results the user expects In order to meet those expectations the designer must understand the user s tasks goals and mental model Use terms and images that match users task experience and that help users understand the objects and their roles and relationships in accomplishing tasks Users should feel confident in exploring knowing they can try an action view the result and undo the action if the result is unacceptable Users feel more comfortable with interfaces in which their actions do not cause irreversible consequences Even seemingly trivial user actions such as deselection or moving objects should be reversible For example a user who spends several minutes deliberating and selecting individual files to be archived from a group will be very upset if all the files are accidentally deselected and the deselection cannot be undone Avoid bundling actions together because the user may not anticipate the side effect For example if a user chooses to cancel a request to
88. is cycle are going to be used Another benefit of this approach is that the methodology allows you to re visit earlier stages which will be appropriate to my project as re design and implementation maybe required RAD prioritises speed of delivery over technical excellence so this was deemed inappropriate to this project SSADM only deals with the analysis and design sections of a project so is deemed an inappropriate methodology considering implementation and testing is required 1 4 Project Plan The remainder of the report is constructed into a further 6 chapters This section outlines what the chapters are and what they consist of A detailed project plan with timescales can be seen in the Gantt chart in Appendix C An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds e Comparison of software tools The purpose of this chapter is to identify the possible software tools for the project and to evaluate them to see which is the most appropriate to use October 2002 January 2003 e Analysis This chapter focuses on identifying the possible users for the system and gathering together their requirements Functional and non functional requirements form the basis of an evaluation criterion that will be used in conjunction with the evaluation chapter November 2002 January 2003 e Design After gathering the requirements from the analysis stage the database can be designed using appropriate ER modelling tools The desi
89. ish_time 1 1 30 in Error message displayed on Same as expected Pub_quiz table when the validation rule Start_time is 11 30 84 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds Testing Attribute Finish_time in Food table ACTION EXPECTED RESULT ACTUAL RESULT Enter Finish_time 16 30 in Action ok Same as expected Food table when the Start_time is 11 30 Enter Finish_time 11 31 in Action ok Same as expected Food table when the Start_time is 11 30 Enter Finish_time 10 30 in Error message displayed on Same as expected Food table when the validation rule Start_time is 11 30 Enter Finish_time 1 1 30 in Error message displayed on Same as expected Food table when the validation rule Start_time is 11 30 85 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds Appendix K Query testing Results in ASP Pub search test results ATTRIBUTE SELECTION Location Any Location Food Start time Any Time Food Finish time Any Time Food Day Any Day Quiz Night Any Day Widescreen TV not selected Jukebox not selected Pool table not selected Dartboard not selected Quiz machine SQL Query Expected result not selected SELECT DISTINCT P Pub_id Pub_name P Description P Location P Pool_table P Quiz_machine P dartboard P Jukebox P
90. k fon Error GoTo Toggle32_Click_Err DoCmd DoMenulItem acFormBar acRecordsMenu 5 acMenuVer70 If aChildFormIsOpen Then aC loseChildForm Else aOpenChildForm aFilterChildForm End If Toggle32_Click_Exit Exit Sub Toggle32_Click_Err MsgBox Error Resume Toggle32_Click_Exit End Sub E Z z Private Sub aFilterChildForm If Me NewRecord Then Forms Quiz Details DataEntry True Else Forms Quiz_Details Filter Pub_id s Me Pub_id Forms Quiz Details FilterOn True End If End Sub Private Sub aOpenChildForm DoCmd OpenForm Quiz Details If Not Me Toggle32 Then Me Toggle32 True End Sup Private Sub aCloseChildForm DoCmd close acForm Quiz Details If Me Toggle32 Then Me Toggle32 False End Sub Private Function aChildFormIsOpen aChildFormIsOpen SysCmd acSysCmdGetObjectState acForm Quiz Details And acObjStateOpen lt gt False End Function Code to link the Promotions Form to the Club and Bar Forms Private Sub Command25 Click On Error GoTo Err Cormmand25 Click DoCmd DoMenultem acFormBar acRecordsMenu 5 acMenuVer70 Dim stDocName As String Dim stLinkCriteria As String stDocName Promotionbyidbar stLinkCriteria Venue_id amp Me Venue_id DoCmd OpenForm stDocName stLinkCriteria Exit_Command25 Click Exit Sub Err_Command25 Click MsgBox Err Description Resume Exit _Command25 Click
91. ld Clubs Bars Menu Figure 4 2 Navigation of User interface Add Delete Locations Add Delete Edit Pubs Search Pub Each individual box represents a form in the database Each of these forms will have the ability to navigate back to their previous menu and the main menu Figure 4 3 shows how the bottom part of the form will look laze PUBS MENU MAIN MENU Figure 4 3 Form design 26 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds Each form will contain a combo box that is represented by a drop down menu for every foreign key dependency represented in the database Due to the fact that referential integrity is enforced for every foreign key in the database means that the user is limited to what they can select in this field By providing the user with a drop down menu that looks up values from the primary table the chance of error is greatly reduced If the user were required to enter this value in a textbox then they would be unsure of what values are present in the primary table Rather than have the ID value displayed in this combo box the user will be given a list of names e g Venue names so they can easily identify the value they wish to select 4 3 Web interface design The interface will consist of thirteen pages that if implemented will satisfy future enhancements 2 3 and 4 Only the home page the links page and the help page will purely be in html because they a
92. lly By setting the default value in this attribute to Date has the effect of the current date always being displayed A simple interface was then created so that the user can enter their name and the message that they wish to post figure 5 17 This was included on the same page as the message board itself SC Message Post Message Figure 5 17 Message Board input The following SQL was then embedded within the message board asp page so that the data posted was input into the message_board table in the database strSQL INSERT INTO message_board Name Message amp _ Values amp Request Form T1 amp amp Request Form T2 amp 38 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds Once the user had clicked Post message they received acknowledgement that their message had been posted The asp page generated also provides a link back to the message board so that the user can see their posted message displayed on the screen Your message has been posted The results from the message_board database table are displayed ordered by the attribute Date The reason for this was the fact that the most recent message post would be displayed at the top figure 5 18 a Good quiz in the Hyde Park 22 04 2003 The food in the Original Oak was 22 04 2003 really good Alex Try Brb on Tuesday had a wicked 22 04 2003 night The Skyrack is a q
93. looked at and compared to see which one suits the needs of my project the most 2 1 1 Oracle Server Oracle is currently one of the main world producers of software and the range of products offered has its foundation the database management system Oracle Server available for most types of computer 6 Oracle server is typically used for large organisations who require a database management system with high functionality and capacity However the cost of such a package makes this project infeasible as neither the university nor I hold a licence for this product An important strength of Oracle though is its availability on various platforms which facilitates the integration among databases at various levels in an organisation 6 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds 2 1 2 SQL Server SQL server uses the standardised language of SQL SQL server is an example of a DBMS that is designed to receive many requests from various clients wishing to manipulate the database in some way or form The package offers superior performance with users able to manipulate queries using the Query Analyser Together with the Enterprise manager SQL server offers a fully integrated DBMS package that can be used for all scale operations The fact that SQL server does not provide tools to provide a user interface limits the applications it can be used for A minimum requirement of this project was to provide a user inte
94. lt Same as expected 92 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds ATTRIBUTE SELECTION Night Wednesday Location Any Location Venue Type Club Music Type Any Music Type SQL Query SELECT P Night_id P Music_id FROM Venue V INNER JOIN Location L ON L Location_id V Location LEFT JOIN Promotions P ON V Venue_id P Venue_id WHERE P Night_id LIKE Wednesday AND V Type LIKE Club ORDER BY V Venue_name Expected result There are 3 clubs matching your search Actual result Same as expected ATTRIBUTE SELECTION Night Thursday Location Corn Exchange Venue Type Bar Music Type Funky House SQL Query SELECT P Night_id P Music_id FROM Venue V INNER JOIN Location L ON L Location_id V Location LEFT JOIN Promotions P ON V Venue_id P Venue_id WHERE P Night_id LIKE Thursday AND L Location_id LIKE 2 AND V Type LIKE Bar AND P Music_id LIKE 2 ORDER BY V Venue_name Expected result There are 2 bars matching your search Actual result Same as expected 93 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds Appendix L User Manual Administrative Guide to the Leeds Student Nightlife System USER GUIDE 2003 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds CONTENTS PAGE 1 Using the Main Menu 2 Using the Clubs Bars and Promotions Me
95. ly on the same language so I feel I can apply these new learnt techniques in Microsoft Access The other major advantage of Microsoft Access is that it offers a user interface in the form of reports forms and switchboards 2 2 Server side scripting tools With a project of this nature the system has to have the ability to respond to client responses such as entering a value into a HTML form The data that is provided by the web client is processed by web software running on the server This software dynamically generates a new page with regards to the users input The server side scripting offers the advantage that the connectivity between server and client can be done much simpler than trying to do it all in the HTML Various server side scripting tools have been described below 2 2 1 Common Gateway Interface CGI The CGI is the most straightforward way to process responses from the Web In a typical set up a HTML form is submitted to the server and that form data is then passed through CGI to a processing program 5 CGI usually operates with the programming language Perl and the way it works is that it uses the embedded SQL written into it to call CGI commands running on web servers to dynamically create new web pages The advantage of using CGI is that it is universal so portability is not an issue The problem with CGI though is that it is fairly slow and requires a great deal of knowledge of the programming language The reason
96. lyers Leeds Nightlife and Clubbing guide ssssessesessesessssessesesstsrssesesstsssrssersrsesessrssrerseee 2 1 2 4 Web site to provide info on Clubs Pubs and Bars for Leeds Students ec eseseeeereeeeeeeeenees 2 1 2 5 Summary of Current SYStOMS onered aee i TEA e aiee AA 2 1 3 Project Managementin eie e ee e aa e E eE ae n e eaae 2 1 3 1 Selecting a software methodology uu cesescsecesseseceeceseeseceeceseeseceaeeaecseceseenecseseaeeaeceeseaeeaeeeaeenees 3 13 2 5S Stage Software life cycle saccvcscecseessesdivsavdencenssescavvsescouseucanscansdeveavsonsoussaecdvvaeviansetvadedancdevceveees 3 TES PS DAENS DY E E E ts tered laatted E cbt asada des ty San A E EEE 3 1 3 4 Rapid Application Development RAD ces eseecssseseceecesecseceseeaecseceaeeaeceeeaeeaeceseaeeaeeeaeenees 4 1 3 5 Evaluation of methodologies siiicar na A ATIE OA AAAA OTERA EATE 4 LA Project Plan reaa e e A E Aa o TE ASA ET 4 2 COMPARISON OF SOFTWARE TOOLS 0 eessseeeceeeessseeeeeeeeeeees 6 2 1 Databases and Database Management SystemS cesssceeesesnceceeeececeeeseaeeceesaeeeees 6 Del Oracle Server onenean esee a aA A dave da Sian Shi cede gla taca estos Ti A espa penceeleens 6 DQ V2 SOL SEVER e erie e ee tetara A tia e e a a a a e e Ta 7 2 1 3 Microsol ACCESS onina an a EO AN A AERA AAE AEA AA RE NA 7 214 Evaliation Of DBMS Packa Ses sesciscivtisisivsicsadiassteeticastesgeaging vhgnestoannna A E 7 2 2 SELVErSide scripting LOOMS s ece
97. m Day of the week Promo_name Shark Start_date End_date l Dresscode jaa Entry_price es NUS Drinks offers P Shots Music_Type Dance X Delete Promotion An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds Club Bar Search Form Before Search venue search Type in the name of the club or bar you wish to search for and click search Venue_name Search Club Bar Search Form After Search enue search E Type in the name of the club or bar you wish to search for and click search Venue_name fCreation Search General details Name Type Address Location Postcode Telno Capacity No_of_rooms Description Image Filename Creation E5 Cookridge Street paw ooo 0113 2427272 00 The biggest club in Leeds Creation jpg Delete Club 74 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds Promotions Form Promo_name x Start_date zz i End_date ke Dresscode Bahin oS Entry_price Eems Drinks offers En Venue Creation o Day of the Week Monday Music Type Pae H Description of Music ia Delete Promotion Add Promotion Promotion Search Form Before Search Yenue search Type in the name of the promotion you wish to search for and click search Promotion_name l Search 75 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds
98. ments in Leeds Message_Board Message_id Name Message Date 64 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds Appendix F Data Definition Pub Attribute Data Type Length Keys Allow NULLS Input mask Pub_id Autonumber Long Int Primary No Pub_name Text 50 No Address Text 50 Location Number Long Int Foreign No Postcode Text gt LLO09 OLL Tel_No Text 00009 0000009 Description Text 200 Pool_table Yes No Quiz_machine Yes No Dartboard Yes No Jukebox Yes No Widescreen_TV Yes No Image Text 50 Pub_quiz Attribute Data Type Length Keys Allow Validation Input NULLS Rule mask Pub_id Number Long Int Primary Foreign No Night_id Number Long Int Primary Foreign No Quiz_Details Text 200 Start_time Date time 00 00 Finish_time Date time gt Start_time 00 00 Food Attribute Data Type Length Keys Allow Validation Input NULLS Rule mask Pub_id Number Long Int Primary Foreign No Night_id Number Long Int Primary Foreign No Food_Details Text 200 Start_time Date time 00 00 Finish_time Date time gt Start_time 00 00 Location Attribute Data Type Length Keys Allow NULLS Location_id Autonumber Long Int Primary No Location Text 50 No Night Attribute Data Type Length Keys Allow NULLS N
99. ml was written primarily in notepad then time would be lost continually opening the html page in some browser to make sure formatting is correct 2 4 Client Side Scripting tools Until recently the emphasis on the processing was done on the server side while the client just received it and displayed it on the screen Now however with the introduction of the client server model it has been identified doing some processing on the client side can reduce that network traffic The idea is to incorporate more dynamic elements into the web page so that the browser can interpret them rather than passing it on to the server Client side processing becomes useful for inputting data into a web form where validation rules and constraints can be set 2 4 1 VBScript VBScript is based on the Visual Basic language Although it does not offer the full functionality of the programming language it does provide a high performance scripting language that is also easy to use WBScript is responsible for binding together the ActiveX Database Objects ADO and the Advanced Database Connector ADC into the Active Server Pages model 2 4 2 JavaScript JavaScript is a scripting language which looks like a loose amalgam of C Java and Basic and which implements much of the functionality of applets 11 Developed by Netscape JavaScript is a text based language which is directly embedded into the web page but can also be viewed in Internet Explorer 2 4 3 Ev
100. ng The main reason for this type of testing is to determine whether the user accepts the system It can be used to determine whether user requirements have been understood The fact that users were involved in the requirements stage of the project increased the likelihood of the system being accepted If the analysis design and implementation stages were carried out carefully then there should be a higher chance that the user will accept the system To test this involved ten of my fellow piers on a range of different courses who would use the system and mark it out of a criterion shown in table 6 6 Criteria Range How simple was the system to navigate 1 10 1 V Difficult 10 V Simple Were all aspects of the system kept familiar 1 10 1 Not at all 10 Yes completely Did your actions result in something you 1 10 1 Notatall 10 Yes completely expected Does the interface provide a way of reversing 1 10 1 Not at all 10 Yes completely those actions Did the system provide the results you were 1 10 1 Not at all 10 Yes completely looking for Do you feel that the system facilitates for 1 10 1 Not at all 10 Yes completely differing user abilities To what extent does the interface stimulate 1 10 1 Not at all 10 Yes completely interest If the system was to be deployed then how likely 1 10 1 Not at all 10 All the time are you to use it
101. nnection string The website consisted of six pages which could be accessed from the navigational menu in the left sided frame These interfaces were the Home page Pubs page Clubs and Bars page Message Board forum Help page and the Links page The screenshots of these pages are all show in Appendix I 5 2 1 Home Page The home page gives a brief description of what the site is all about and what it has to offer to the user The home page also provides navigational links to the other five interfaces mentioned above 5 2 2 Pubs Page This page allowed the user to select a pub from a drop down menu or to enter some search criteria in order to retrieve a set of results that matched their criteria Selecting a Pub The user is presented with a drop down menu that is dynamically created so that each addition deletion or edit to a pub results in the list being automatically changed This becomes particular useful if a student has a particular pub in mind which they want to look at without having to go through the process of specifying search criteria By clicking the view pub submit button the pub Select Pub detail page opens up which gives more information ck on that particular pub This is shown in figure 5 16 Three Horse Shoes Figure 5 10 Selecting a Pub The way this works is for the pub detail page to create a recordset that selects everything from the table Pub where the Pub_id is the same as the Pub_id
102. nu 2 1 Using the Add Delete Edit Bar Details Form 2 1 1 2 1 2 2 1 3 2 1 4 2 1 5 2 1 6 Adding a Bar Deleting a Bar Adding a Promotion for a Bar Deleting a Promotion from a Bar Editing a Promotion for a Bar Navigating to Other Menus 2 2 Using the Add Delete Edit Club Details Form 2 3 Using the Bar Club Search Form 2 4 Using the Add Delete Edit Promotion Details Form 2 4 1 2 4 2 2 4 3 Adding a Promotion Deleting a Promotion Changing Venue for a promotion 2 5 Using the Promotion Search Form 2 6 Using the Add Delete Edit Music Types Form 3 Using the Pubs Menu 3 1 Using the Add Delete Edit Pub Details Form 3 1 1 3 1 2 3 1 3 3 1 4 3 1 5 3 1 6 Adding a Pub Adding Quiz Details for a Pub Deleting Quiz Details for a Pub Adding Food Details for a Pub Deleting Food Details for a Pub Deleting a Pub 3 2 Using the Pub Search Form 4 Using the Location Details Form 95 Page 1 Pages 1 6 Pages 1 3 Page 2 Page 2 Pages 2 3 Page 3 Page 3 Page 3 Page 4 Page 4 Page 5 Page 5 Page 5 Page 5 Page 6 Page 6 Pages 6 9 Pages 7 9 Page 7 Page 8 Page 8 Page 8 Page 9 Page 9 Page 9 Page 10 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds 1 Using the Main Menu After logging onto the system you are presented with the main menu shown in Figure 1 Main menu Form Figure 1 The Main menu Clubs Bars and Promotions accesses a separate menu that allows you to
103. of social establishments in Leeds over time The only thing that may change is the processing requirements This methodology supports the following stages e Feasibility study e Requirements analysis e Requirements specification e Logical system specification e System design Each of these stages is completed before the next stage is started The problem with SSADM is the fact that it only deals with the analysis and design stages This is not a full scope to base a whole project on from start to finish 1 3 4 Rapid Application Development RAD Rapid Application Development is more than a requirements elicitation method it is an approach to software development as a whole Hoffer et al 1996 As the name suggests the RAD aims at delivering solutions fast Technical excellence is secondary to the speed of delivery 3 It becomes apparent that RAD would be appropriate for projects that are on a relatively small scale and bound to a tight project deadline This project however is stretched over a long period of time and it would be unjust to produce a solution that is on time but does not meet minimum requirements Speed of delivery is not the most important factor for this project 1 3 5 Evaluation of methodologies Due to the nature of my project it would be most appropriate to adopt the 5 stage software life cycle approach This is due to the fact that my project involves implementing a system where all stages outlined in th
104. oject the time that should be spent on this is 350 hours To produce the solution and report that I have required a far greater number of hours which I found particular satisfaction with upon completion I believe the project aims I set out to achieve have been achieved I now believe I have some vital experience in project management that I will be able to provide to my future employer Managing the project from start to finish had its up s and its down s but was extremely satisfying to complete it before the deadline There were factors that hindered the project such as the closure of the lab which put the implementation stage back Also the implementation completion date was unrealistic resulting in a revised project schedule This provided me with less time to complete the report for the project meaning after hours time was required in level 7 laboratory Having reflected on my project I would offer the following advice to a student who wishes to take a project of a similar nature gt Don t be too unrealistic with your project schedule and prioritise getting the implementation stage complete with at least a month to go before the deadline This will provide you with sufficient time to write your report gt Follow your methodology as it is actually useful gt Having selected the appropriate software tools to use make sure you understand them fully before using them otherwise you will waste time trying to work out any errors that
105. on is added deleted or edited in the database ACTION EXPECTED RESULT ACTUAL RESULT Add Pub Test Pub Test available in the Same as expected drop down menu Edit Pub Test to Test1 Pub Test1 available in the Same as expected drop down menu Pub Test removed from drop down menu Delete Pub Test1 Pub Testl removed from Same as expected drop down menu Table 6 3 Testing Asp for add deletion edit of a Pub ACTION EXPECTED RESULT ACTUAL RESULT Add Location Test Location Test available in Same as expected the drop down menu Edit Location Test to Test1 Location Test1 available in Same as expected the drop down menu Location Test removed from drop down menu Delete Location Test1 Location Testl removed Same as expected from drop down menu Table 6 4 Testing Asp for add deletion edit of a Location To test all of the pub search functions each possible selection from the user interface shown in figure 5 11 was tested to make sure that the correct results were displayed to the user These selections were not only tested on their own but also with multiple selections The results should be displayed in correspondence with the criterion that the user selects Table 6 5 shows the structure of the test plan that is to be used for this particular test A full testing plan for testing th
106. on to be added deleted and updated This requirement has been successfully implemented The system provides an interface for the administrator user whereby they can add a promotion delete a promotion and update a promotion for a particular club or bar A future enhancement relating to this minimum requirement was that the system could provide details on pub quizzes and Pub Food This future enhancement has been successfully implemented so the user is able to add delete and update pub quiz details and or food details for any particular pub on any given day of the week Configure the database to provide a user friendly interface that allows an administrator to add delete edit the information held This minimum requirement has not only been met but also exceeded To enable the user to carry out the first minimum requirement in a user friendly way required the use of forms in Microsoft Access Forms for each of the functional requirements outlined in section 3 4 were produced Producing forms for menu screens that helped navigate the user through the system exceeded the minimum requirement The system was also configured to produce error dialogues should the user make a data 47 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds entry mistake This helps the user to understand why an error was produced and how they go about correcting it Provide a web front that allows users to access the information held in the databa
107. onvenient in one situation than another For example a microphone used with voice recognition software can be helpful for fast entry of text or in a hands free environment Pen input is helpful for people who sketch and mouse input works well for precisely indicating a selection Alternative output formats such as computer generated voice output for foreign language instruction are useful for some purposes No single method is best for every situation Users should be allowed to switch between methods to accomplish a single interaction For example allow the user to swipe select using the mouse then to adjust the selection using the keyboard At the same time users should not be required to alternate between input devices to accomplish what they perceive as a single step or a series of related steps in a task For example it would be tedious to require the use of a mouse for scrolling while editing text from the keyboard Users should be able to complete an entire useful sequence through the same input device Providing a range of interaction techniques recognizes that users are individuals with different abilities and situations The differences include disabilities preferences and work environments Personalization Allow users to customize The interface should be tailorable to individual users needs and desires No two users are exactly alike Users have varying backgrounds interests motivations levels of experience and physical abili
108. ow users to clarify or confirm requests or to remedy a problem In the past many interfaces have treated communication with users as primarily one way computer to user The communication should be interactive as rich in presentation and interaction capabilities as the rest of the interface It should present relevant information provide access to related information and help and allow users to make task specific decisions to continue For instance spell check as designed in some systems highlights potentially misspelled words as users work allowing them to either select a new word or continue to work until they reach a point where they can go back and validate the potentially misspelled words 60 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds Adopt the following design perspective users know what they want to accomplish but sometimes they find it difficult to express their desires using the objects and actions provided and the system is unable to recognize their request Two way communication may be used to help users reach their goals Versatility Support alternate interaction techniques Allow users to choose the method of interaction that is most appropriate to their situation Interfaces that are flexible in this way are able to accommodate a wide range of user skills physical abilities interactions and usage environments Each interaction device is optimised for certain uses or users and may be more c
109. owser the ability to alter a web page s look and style after the document has loaded and thus making it more dynamic such that the code on a website can be changed without having to interact with the server Dreamweaver not only offers tools for DHTML but also for creating cascading style sheets and tools for client side scripting Dreamweaver has certain elegance about it with the ability to create flashy graphics as well as the ability to import database definitions to a database connection Like Microsoft FrontPage you can edit the HTML manually or through the application interface giving the user the best of both worlds in the same application 10 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds 2 3 4 Evaluation of Web development tools The choice of software for this tool is going to be Microsoft FrontPage The Justification for this choice is the fact that Microsoft tools when combined have the ability to combine as a full integrated solution Microsoft FrontPage also offers ODBC connectivity that allows you to openly connect to a database with the help of server side scripting The main reason however for selecting Microsoft FrontPage is the fact that it provides you with three different views outlined in section 2 3 2 The way that I plan to construct the website is to write the html in the html view and continually flick over to the other two views to make sure the html is formatting to my satisfaction If the ht
110. plementation of the project and understand why one piece of software is more appropriate than the others e To carry out the requirement analysis in order to design the system e To design implement and test a normalised database along with a user interface e To design implement and test a web interface that connects to the database e To evaluate the project in order to see if requirements have been met or exceeded Minimum requirements for the project e To evaluate possible software tools for the implementation of the project and understand why one piece of software is more appropriate than the others e Produce a prototype relational database that holds information about pubs clubs bars and their promotions e Configure the database to provide a user friendly interface that allows an administrator to add delete edit the information held e Provide a web front that allows users to access the information held in the database II An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds Possible Enhancements for the project e Provide details of quizzes and food for pubs e Provide users with web based search facilities so the database can be searched in correspondence with the criterion that the user selects e Provide a web based message board that users can post on e Produce a user manual for the database e Provide a pop up map for each establishment giving detailed directions Deliverables e A working prototyp
111. r than the start time Action Restricting 8 If quiz details are added for a particular pub then the finish time cannot be earlier than the start time Action Restricting 18 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds 4 DESIGN 4 1 Database Design The database requires a data modelling element that consists of a logical design and a physical design The logical design identifies the entities and their relationships that are required in order to construct an Entity Relationship Diagram The physical design maps the logical design into physical tables 4 1 1 Entities The basic object that the ER model represents is an entity which is a thing in the real world with an independent existence An entity may be an object with a physical existence a particular person car house or employee or it may be an object with a conceptual existence a company a job or a university course 7 Entities to be included in the ER Model are Pub Food_Day Pub_Quiz Night Music Promotion Venue Bar and Club 4 1 2 Attributes Each entity contains one or more attributes and it is these attributes that describe the entity A particular entity will have a value for each of its attributes The attribute values that describe each entity become a major part of the data stored in the database 7 The entities included will have the following attributes Pub Pub_id Pub_name Address Location Postcod
112. ral Knowledge Tuesday Wednesday Quiz Sunday The relation assumes that one pub can have more than one pub quiz However this is not in 1 normal form because the attribute Night_id is not atomic To achieve 1 normal form the key must be extended so there is a separate tuple for each night of a Pub quiz PUB_ID START_TIME FINISH _TIME QUIZ_DETAILS NIGHT_ID 1 20 00 23 00 Sports Quiz Monday 1 20 00 23 00 Sports Quiz Thursday 2 19 30 22 30 General Knowledge Tuesday Quiz 2 19 30 General Knowledge Wednesday Quiz 2 19 30 22 30 General Knowledge Sunday Quiz The relation above now takes the primary key of PUB_ID NIGHT_ID where a particular pub can only have one pub quiz on a particular night of the week The disadvantage of this method is the fact that data redundancy is introduced However this particular method of normalisation must be used to allow the administrator to modify or enter different quiz details for each night For example the sports quiz at Pub 1 on a Thursday might be changed so it finishes at 22 30 rather than 23 00 22 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds 2nd Normal Form Second normal form 2NF is based on the concept of full functional dependency A functional dependency X gt Y is a full functional dependency if removal of any attribute A from X means that the dependency does not hold any more 7 The way
113. re the only ones that don t need to be created dynamically The remaining ten pages will be active server pages that are dynamically created everytime that the page is requested Navigation To enable the student to navigate the web system frames pages are to be used that will always be visible throughout the whole interface Frames conform to the IBM guidline of familiarity where the user is presented with a familiar outlook on each interface The interface will consist of two frames a left sided frame and a top frame The left sided frame will resemble a menu that the user will use to navigate through the system The top frame will consist of a logo and a title for the interface The layout of the interface can be seen in figure 4 4 SELECTED PAGE Figure 4 4 Web Interface design 27 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds When a page is requested from the menu it is displayed as the selected page A selection of six pages are available from the menu where further active server pages are generated as a result of a user process in some of these pages The diagram figure 4 5 illustrates the structure of the web interface Frames Page Home Pubs Help Clubs Links Message Page Page Page Page Page Board Results Detail Detail Results Confirmation Page Page Page Page Page Detail Detail Page Page Figure 4 5 Navigation of Web interface The arrows between the pages represent the hyperlinks th
114. re appropriate than the others Before starting any design or implementation stage of the project it was important to understand the various tools that could be used and more importantly to understand why one particular tool is better than the other I had no previous knowledge on tools that are responsible for server side or client side scripting so it was important to research these to find out their respected advantages and disadvantages After conducting my research I selected the following tools and languages Microsoft Access Microsoft FrontPage ASP scripting language and VBScript To evaluate whether these were the right choice of tools I have used the following justifications e Microsoft Access The only DBMS available that offers a user interface e Microsoft FrontPage The only web editor available that allows you to select from 3 different views e ASP scripting language Produces dynamic web pages faster than PHP or CGI e VBScript Combines best with the ASP scripting language Having understood all the different tools available I was able to decide which tools were more suitable to this project based on their relative advantages and disadvantages Having gained the knowledge that I have it is fair to say that I have satisfied this requirement Produce a prototype relational database that holds information about pubs clubs bars and their promotions To identify whether this minimum requirement has been met the fun
115. rface to add delete and modify information held in the database SQL server cannot provide this from its database management system 2 1 3 Microsoft Access Access provides a database engine and a graphical user interface for data definition and manipulation with the power of SQL 7 Access is one of the most well known Relational DBMS on the PC It is considered as part of an integrated set of tools for creating and managing databases on the PC platform 7 Access can be used for a number of reasons whether it is for personal use or for setting up a small business Access is designed for all types of users whether they are relatively novice or whether they are technically gifted Access offers a wide variety of facilities such as forms reports queries macros and modules that can be developed very quickly through the use of wizards which are available on this software These are interactive programs that guide the user through different steps in order to create their object It allows a user to create something easily that would be difficult to do if programmed Access also conforms to the Microsoft Open Database Connectivity ODBC standard and this allows for other applications such as web development tools to be used as a front end to databases stored on a different server However the downside of Microsoft Access is that it is a low capacity database one that would not be suitable for organisations of a large nature 2 1 4 Evalua
116. s the Pub quiz night 5 2 3 Pubs results page Once the search criteria have been selected the user will click the search button that will post the criteria to an SQL query shown in figure 5 12 The user is presented with a table of results that match their search criteria shown in Figure 5 14 Search Results Figure 5 14 Pub Search results The results page also includes a piece of code that counts the number of search results found This code is shown in figure 5 15 total rsproj RecordCount if total 0 then response write There are no Pubs matching your search elseif total 1 then response write There is one Pub matching your search else response write There are amp total pubs matching your search end if Figure 5 15 ASP code to count the number of records in the recordset The variable total is used to count the number of pubs that are in the recordset For grammatical purposes a different line is output if there are no search results one search result or more than one search result When a recordset of results is displayed on the screen the pub name attribute in the results table becomes a hyperlink to the pub detail page To view the pub in more detail the user can simply click on the name of the pub that will take them to the pub detail page The way this works is the browser 36 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds forwards the Pub_id value
117. se This minimum requirement was met by providing a dynamically created drop down menu where the student was able to select a pub club or bar that would result in the details of this establishment being displayed on the screen A possible enhancement to this was to provide users with web based search interface where they could search for social establishments depending on the criterion they select This was fully implemented whereby users could search for pubs clubs and bars depending on the criteria they are searching on The implementation went further to provide the users with a set of results that matched their specified criteria The user could then view further details by selecting an establishment from the set of results Section 3 4 includes functional requirements that would satisfy future enhancements for the student user These are shown in table 7 1 and also outlines whether they have been implemented FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENT IMPLEMENTED The system could allow a Pub to be searched on by its location Yes The system could allow a Pub to be searched on by its Food start time Yes The system could allow a Pub to be searched on by its Food finish time Yes The system could allow a Pub to be searched on by its Food day Yes The system could allow a Pub to be searched on by its Pub quiz night Yes The system could allow a Pub to be searched depending on whether it includes a Yes pool table The system could allow a
118. send a note only the send request should be cancelled Do not bundle another action such as deletion of the note with the cancel request Rather than implementing composite actions make actions independent and provide ways to allow users to combine them when they wish Satisfaction Create a feeling of progress and achievement Allow the user to make uninterrupted progress and enjoy a sense of accomplishment Reflect the 59 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds results of actions immediately any delay intrudes on users tasks and erodes confidence in the system Immediate feedback allows users to assess whether the results were what they expected and to take alternative action immediately For example when a user chooses a new font the font of all applicable text or of sample text should change immediately The user can then decide if the effect is what was desired and if not can change it before switching attention to something else Offer a preview of the results of an action when it would be inconvenient for a user to apply the action and then reverse it For example if a user wants to bold underscore and use Helvetica font in certain places throughout a document provide a sample part of that document with those changes applied allowing the user to decide if that is the right action to take This saves the user a lot of time by not having to reverse the action that s been applied to an entire docum
119. so extra attention must be paid to Human Computer Interaction HCI issues and user friendliness There are various ways that you can create a website some may decide to program them using specific languages or others may use an application such as Microsoft FrontPage or Macromedia Dreamweaver 2 3 1 HTML HyperText Markup language The main function of HTML is to provide information that the browser can use to make formatting decisions for displaying the contents of a web document 5 Since HTML primarily a text based An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds language it has the advantage that it is much easier to create and transfer onto other platforms and operating systems It uses the notion of tags such as lt html gt to open the language and lt html gt to close it The tags tell the browser how the page is to be formatted but the important fact to note about this is that the HTML documents are static This means than the formatting is embedded in the web page stored on the relative server and then accessed by the client wishing to view it Different browsers will format the HTML in a slightly different way but will understand the HTML language Internet Explorer and Netscape Navigator are the most common of these browsers and will be used to test whether the HTML displays correctly A typical way of writing this HTML if I were to construct my website in this way would be to use notepad 2 3 2 Mi
120. t includes a quiz machine The system could allow a Pub to be searched depending on whether it includes a dartboard The system could allow a Pub to be searched depending on whether it includes a jukebox The system could allow a Pub to be searched depending on whether it includes a wide screen TV The system could allow the search to be refined by using the above criteria in one single search The system could allow a club or bar to be searched on by its promotion night The system could allow a club or bar to be searched on by its location The system could allow a club or bar to be searched on by its Music Type The system could allow a message to be posted into a forum The system could allow the user to view a map of each social establishment 3 5 Non functional Requirements The term non functional requirements has traditionally been used to refer to any requirements which relate to aspects of a system other than its functionality One quite widely accepted definition of non functional requirements is A non functional system requirement is a restriction or constraint placed on a system service 14 13 The database must provide a user friendly interface so administrators can easily navigate to their required destination The administrator must update the system every week so it is up to date for the commencing week The administrator should supply where possible an image of each social establishment
121. tations such as buttons for navigational links A button represents something that is pressed e Encouragement The system responds to a request by doing something that a user expects For example a user performing a search would expect results at the end of it The system also provides the user with a way of re visiting pages so they can go back to the search results without having to perform the search again e Satisfaction The system provides this by letting the user know they have performed an action For example a user is notified that their message has been posted e Availability The frames page provides the user with an ever present menu that they can select their required page from e Safety The user is protected from making errors using VBScript that notifies them if they make an error For example an error message would be displayed if they had left a message text box empty e Versatility Acceptance testing provided me with the information that users do not have to have a high level of computer literacy to use this system The system also provides a help page 7 3 Summary of further enhancements Providing further enhancements to the system has clearly exceeded the minimum requirements that I set out to achieve Table 7 2 summarises which future enhancements were achieved FUTURE ENHANCEMENT ACHIEVED Provide details of quizzes and food for pubs Provide users with web based search facilities so the database can be searched
122. tem must allow for Bars to be added deleted and updated The system must allow for a Location to be added deleted and updated The system must allow for a Music type to be added deleted and updated The system must allow for a Club or Bar Promotion to be added deleted and updated To satisfy future enhancements The system could allow for details of Pub quizzes to be added deleted and updated for any given day of the week The system could allow for Food details to be added deleted and updated for any given day of the week 3 4 2 Student user To satisfy minimum requirements The system must allow for Pubs in the database to be attainable through a web front The system must allow for Clubs in the database to be attainable through a web front 15 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds The system must allow for Bars in the database to be attainable through a web front To satisfy future enhancements The system could allow a Pub to be searched on by its location The system could allow a Pub to be searched on by its Food start time The system could allow a Pub to be searched on by its Food finish time The system could allow a Pub to be searched on by its Food day The system could allow a Pub to be searched on by its Pub quiz night The system could allow a Pub to be searched depending on whether it includes a pool table The system could allow a Pub to be searched depending on whether i
123. the sample size was relatively small it was decided that any factor having a percentage of 40 or above would be including in the design of the database An exception to this would be for the dartboard attribute to be included This was due to the fact that there was only one pub visited that had a dartboard Four out of five people that were interviewed in this pub went there so they could play Darts This represents 80 of people in this pub that go there to play darts so dartboard is to be included Although factors Close to house and Serves a good pint represent high percentages they are not quantifiable Close to house is different for every single person so cannot be included in the database schema Serves a good pint is opinion based and not something that can be easily included in the database 3 4 Functional Requirements Functional requirements capture the intended behaviour of the system This behaviour may be expressed as services tasks or functions the system is required to perform 12 These point out what the system actually does in terms of its functionality The functional requirements can be split for the two different types of users the administrative user and the student user 3 4 1 Administrative user To satisfy minimum requirements The system must allow for Pubs to be added deleted and updated The system must allow for Clubs to be added deleted and updated The sys
124. ties Customization can help make an interface feel comfortable and familiar Personalizing a computer interface can also lead to higher productivity and user satisfaction For example allowing users to change default values can save them time and hassle when accessing frequently used functions In an environment where multiple users are using a shared machine allow the users to create their own system personality and make it easy to reset the system In an environment where one user may be using many computers make personalization information portable so the user can carry that personality from one system to another 61 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds Affinity Bring objects to life through good visual design The goal of visual design in the user interface is to surface to the user in a cohesive manner all aspects of the design principles Visual design should support the user model and communicate the function of that model without ambiguities Visual design should not be the icing on the cake but an integral part of the design process The final result should be an intuitive and familiar representation that is second nature to users The following are visual design principles that promote clarity and visual simplicity in the interface Subtractive design reduce clutter by eliminating any visual element that doesn t contribute directly to visual communication Visual hierarchy by understanding t
125. tified quickly in order to be modified The methodology mentioned in section 1 3 5 allowed the system to be split into modules that could each be designed implemented and tested individually Unit testing fitted in well with this methodology because errors could be quickly spotted and changed accordingly It would be foolish to implement the whole of the system without any testing in between because you may find that the errors reside at the very base of the system An implication of a bad database design could lead to further complications for the implementation of the project This is why it is so important to make sure each module is thoroughly tested before the next one is undertaken Unit testing identifies how robust the system is and how well it handles the errors that may be present in the system Errors in systems do and will always occur so it is important that you know how to deal with them once they arise One way to identify any errors that may exist is to draw up a detailed test plan that tests each functionality of the system 6 1 1 Testing the database functions The Database has been tested using the integrity constraints and validation rules in sections 4 1 8 and 4 1 9 The first thing to be tested is the login to the system Any user that does not have a password should not be able to use the system The function was tested to find as expected that users could only enter the system if they had a password Integrity can be teste
126. tion Of DBMS Packages Due to the performance factor it appears that both SQL Server and Oracle should be considered for development However due to the fact that the university does not own a copy of Oracle makes this an unrealistic option To purchase a copy of Oracle would require a very large sum of money that would make a project such as my own infeasible Although most of the computers in the computing department have a licence for SQL Server it is unlikely that many other desktop PC s will have this software Again a large amount would need to be spent on this software which is simply infeasible There is also the fact that SQL server does not provide a user interface that is required for the administrator to add delete edit information in the database This leaves one option that is feasible for this project Microsoft Access is favourable in a number of ways The first reason for choosing Access is due to the fact that the database I intend to produce will have a low capacity and would not require the superior performance of SQL server or Oracle Whilst An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds at University I have increased my knowledge of SQL by learning new skills in modules such as DB11 DB21 DB31 and DB32 However these skills cannot be demonstrated in SQL Server because of the fact that it does not provide a user interface that is required for this project Microsoft Access and SQL Server do however re
127. tory as this Database System Then in the Image field enter the filename of the Bar image d Click Update Bar details button to enter your bar 2 1 2 Deleting a Bar a To Delete a Bar from the database simply click the Delete Bar Button b Click Yes to delete the record or No to cancel the action Shown in figure 4 Microsoft Access q x You are about to delete 1 record s t 5 Tf you click Yes you won t be able to undo this Delete operation Are you sure you want to delete these records Ls _ Figure 4 Deleting a Record 2 1 3 Adding a Promotion for a Bar a To add a Promotion for a particular Bar simply click the Promotions Button b When presented with the Promotions form select the required night of the week from the drop down menu Shown in figure 5 97 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds c d a b c d a b c d a b 2 2 Promotions Day of the week Promo_name Start_date End_date Dresscode Entry_price Drinks offers Music_Type Delete Promotion Figure 5 Promotions Form Once the desired night of the week is selected the remainder of the empty fields can be filled in to complete the promotion form Click Close Form to return to the Bars Form Deleting a Promotion from a Bar Click the Promotions Button on the form Select the require
128. uality place to on watch the Footy Go 16 04 2003 Figure 5 18 The message board 5 2 7 Help Page The help page provides users with information on how to use the information system effectively The important thing to consider is the fact that all people have different levels of computer literacy so you cannot assume that they will just be able to use the system instantaneously The help page has been provided generally for those who are not familiar with these types of systems The page has been constructed purely in html and provides examples of how to use the system as well as useful information This can be seen in appendix I 5 2 8 Links Page This page was constructed due to the possible usage of the system for the university open day The page provides useful links to other university websites that may be appropriate to the student user 39 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds 6 TESTING There are two main reasons for testing The first is to ensure that each system function works without errors and the second is to test whether the users accept the new system as an alternative to a current system These two reasons can be categorised into two different types of testing unit testing and acceptance testing 6 1 Unit Testing Unit testing identifies any errors that may be present in the functionality of the system This became very important because any errors that were found needed to be iden
129. uestionnaires that are sent out to a selected sample size and analysed upon return However many problems arise with questionnaires some of which are given below 16 e Questionnaires like many evaluation methods occur after the event so participants may forget important issues e Questionnaires are standardised so it is not possible to explain any points in the questions that participants might misinterpret This could be partially solved by piloting the questions on a small group of students or at least friends and colleagues It is advisable to do this anyway e Open ended questions can generate large amounts of data that can take a long time to process and analyse One way of limiting this would be to limit the space available to students so their responses are concise or to sample the students and survey only a portion of them e Respondents may answer superficially especially if the questionnaire takes a long time to complete The common mistake of asking too many questions should be avoided e Students may not be willing to answer the questions They might not wish to reveal the information or they might think that they will not benefit from responding perhaps even be penalised by giving their real opinion Students should be told why the information is being collected and how the results will be beneficial They should be asked to reply honestly and told that if their response is negative this is just as useful as a more positive opinion If
130. uiz Details for a Pub a To add a Pub quiz for a pub simply click the Enter Quiz Details button on the required pub form This provides you with a separate interface for entering the details that is shown in figure 14 b Select the desired day of the week from the drop down menu Select the required day of the week from drop down menu Day of the week Friday x Start_time J 20 00 00 Finish_time 22 30 00 Quiz Details Dangerous Daves General Knowledge Quiz Delete Pub Quiz for THIS Day Delete ALL Quiz Update and Close Details For this Pub Quiz Details Figure 14 Quiz Details Form c Enter the details along with the start time and finish time of the quiz d Click the Update and Close Quiz Details button to register your pub quiz 3 1 3 Deleting Quiz Details for a Pub a To delete a Pub quiz for a certain day select the day of the week from the drop down menu and click the Delete Pub for THIS Day button b To delete all Pub quizzes for the particular Pub click the Delete ALL Quiz Details For this Pub button 3 1 4 Adding Food Details for a Pub a To add a Pub quiz for a pub simply click the Enter Food Details button on the required pub form This provides you with a separate interface for entering the details that is shown in figure 15 b Select the desired day of the week from the drop down menu 103 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds
131. uld be run when the button is clicked The macro design can be shown in figure 5 8 Clubs_allow Macro gt SetValue x GoToRecord Item Forms Clubs Allow dditions Expression True Figure 5 8 Clubs_allow Macro design The other macro that was commonly present in the database had the functionality of closing the current form and opening another form This gave a user friendly approach where only one form was displayed at any one time For example if a user was currently on the Main menu form but wished to navigate to the Pubs form then the macro would perform the action of closing the Main menu form and opening the Pubs form 5 2 Implementation of server side scripting Having identified that ASP was the most appropriate tool to write the scripting code in the next step required learning the technology understanding it and finally writing it A connection between the web application and the database was defined by creating a connection string shown in figure 5 9 33 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds Holds the Database Connection Object Dim adoConn Creates an ADO connection object Set adoConn Server CreateObject ADODB Connection Sets an active connection to the Connection object using a DSN less connection adoConn Open DRIVER Microsoft Access Driver mdb DBQ amp Server MapPath proj mdb Figure 5 9 Database co
132. ull of students j ley Help Links amp D s 8 s 77 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds Pub Detail Page Student Nightlife in Leeds A Pubs Skyrack Otley Road Headingley LS6 1FG 0113 Pool Table True Clubs Bars Kara gai Dartboard Description Help Links ry s D Quiz Information l Night 7 q Start Time 0 00 art Time inish Tim 30 0 Finish Time 3 Quiz Details Food Details Club Bar Search Page Student Nightlife in Leeds A Home Club And Bar Search Pubs Select Bar or Club eH CULES Clubs Bars Please Select a night of the week to search for promotions and any other criteria you want to include Night of the week Select Location Venue Type fany z Links Type of Music Help z 78 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds Club Bar Results Page Student Nightlife in Leeds A There is one Club matchin Home Search Results Clubs Bars Help Links ry s D Club Bar Detail Page Student Nightlife in Leeds A Pubs reation Clubs Bars Venue Type Message Board pR No of Rooms Description Help Links Promotion Details Ni Promotion Name Drinks offers Music Type Description of music Ei 79 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds Message Board Page Student Nightl
133. very unlikely that every administrator will have the computer literacy required to keep the system up to date e Due to the fact that there will be a large amount of administrative users brings about the possibility of data inconsistency as each user will have different ways of doing things e Another problem with this approach is the possibility that some of the administrative users may not accept the system It would be extremely important that all these users accept the system otherwise it would be extremely difficult to keep it up to date The other way of administrating the system would be to have a single member who would keep the system up to date Using this approach would require training for only one administrator and would also counter the problems that are mentioned above The implication of this approach though is the problem of actually getting the information The way for this to be achieved is for the administrator to set up good links with each social establishment so they would receive an email or telephone call from each owner when a modification is made The administrator may also decide that they too can make the phone calls to find out about any new promotions that exist The reason why this approach would be more efficient is the fact that changes to social establishments and new promotions do not happen on a regular basis so it would not take much of the administrator s time to update the database However finding someone to adm
134. y Food Start time Any Time 90 An info system to provide details of social establishments in Leeds Food Finish time Any Time Food Day Any Day Quiz Night Any Day Widescreen TV Yes Jukebox not selected Pool table Yes Dartboard not selected Quiz machine Yes SQL Query Expected result Actual result SELECT DISTINCT P Pub_id Pub_name P Description P Location P Pool_table P Quiz_machine P dartboard P Jukebox P Widescreen_TV L Location_id L Location P Address P Tel_No P Postcode P Image FROM Pub AS P INNER JOIN Location AS L ON L Location_id P Location LEFT JOIN Pub_quiz AS Q ON P Pub_id Q Pub_id LEFT JOIN Food AS F ON P Pub_id F Pub_id WHERE P Pub_name IS NOT NULL AND L Location_id LIKE 1 AND P Pool_table LIKE ON AND P Widescreen_TV LIKE ON AND P Quiz_machine LIKE ON ORDER BY P Pub_name There are 4 Pubs matching your search Same as expected ATTRIBUTE SELECTION Location Headingley Food Start time Any Food Finish time fnnngringior Food Day Any Day Quiz Night Any Day Widescreen TV not selected Jukebox not selected Pool table not selected Dartboard not selected Quiz machine not selected SQL Query SELECT DISTINCT P Pub_id Pub_name P Description P Location P Pool_table P Quiz_machine P dartboard P Jukebox P Widescreen_TV L Location_id L Location P Address P Tel_No P Post

An info system to provide details of social establishments in

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