EDP2™ - Pipette Supplies
Contents
1. Never apply grease to the 10 or 25uL seal assemblies FIGURE 8 2 PISTON SEAL ASSEMBLY 25uL EDP2 For 100 250 1000 and 2500uL model EDP2 Pipettes The seal between the piston and the interior of the shaft is formed by a rubber o ring and fluorinated grease To inspect this seal begin by removing the large retainer ring at the base of the control module Genily pull the shaft away from the unit All piston assembly components should remain seated on the piston Carefully remove the bushing seal spring and o ring from the piston With a lint free cloth remove all traces of grease from these components and also from the shaft interior DO NOT USE SOLVENTS Before applying grease to the piston check the o ring for wear by sliding it along the piston It should offer a slight resistance to movement not drop freely under its own weight If no resistance is observed the o ring should be replaced Using the specialized grease provided with the EDP2 pipette regrease the piston Only a very light coat of grease is needed and it should be spread uniformly around the piston Make sure that no foreign particles are picked up Smear a light coat of grease around the o ring Holding the pipette horizontally replace the seal spring then the bushing on the piston Next place the o ring on top of the bushing CAUTION BE CAREFUL NOT TO SCRATCH THE PISTON Carefully replace the shaft body on the control module making su2. high standards 100 pL 50 uL Surface Orifice FIGURE 6 1 RAININ TIP ORIFICE SURFACE SEAL CALIBRATION MARKS 7 0 PIPETTING RECOMMENDATIONS Perform three or four pickup and dispense cycles once the unit is initialized This will lubricate the piston thereby ensuring a proper seal Note This is not applica ble to the Micro 10 and 25uL model EDP2 pipettes which have a dry seal EDP2 pipettes are designed fo deliver accurate and precise measurements under the following conditions The liquid pipetted is water or any liquid with density viscosity and vapor pres sure not significantly different from those of water 2 The temperature of the room the EDP2 and the liquid are all in the range 21 5 C 1 C 3 The EDP2 pipette is kept vertical while pipetting 4 When picking up sample the end of the disposable tip is immersed beneath the liquid surface approximately as follows 1 to 3 mm volumes up to 100uL 2 to 4 mm volumes from 100uL fo 1000uL 3 to 6 mm volumes over 1000uL 5 There is no significant adherence of liquid to the surfaces of the tip Each tip should be rinsed once before pipetting to assure the best accuracy 6 After pickup the tip is touched to the sidewall of the sample vessel fo remove excess sample 7 When dispensing the tip is touched to the sidewall of the receiving vessel At the end of each dispense cycle the tip is moved along the wall to remove any exces
3. EDP2 Electronic Pipette Six pipettes for volume ranges from 0 5 uL to 2 5 mL 250 pL model shown RAININ L It el CONTENTS EC Declaration of Conformity according to ISO IEC Guide 22 and EN45014 1 0 DESCRIPTION 2 Manufacturer s Name Rainin Instrument LLC 20 UNPACKING INSTRUCTIONS nn 4 Manufacturers Address 7500 Edgewater Drive 30 INSTALLING THE LITHIUM BATTERY 5 Oakland CA 94621 USA hoe AAEREN a ra 6 declares that the following product 5 0 MODES AND SPEEDS i is 9 Product Name EDP2 Electronic Pipette 5 1 PIPETTE MODE OPERATION nenne 10 Nede Number EDP 5 2 MULTIDISPENSE MODE OPERATION 12 Product Options None 6 0 DISPOSABLE TRS een 14 conforms to the following Product Specifications 7 0 PIPETTING RECOMMENDATIONS 15 Safety EN61010 1 1993 8 0 CARE AND MAINTENANCE eeeeeeeeeees 16 IEC1010 1990 A1 A2 9 0 REPLACING THE LITHIUM BATTERY 20 ar N ERER 10 0 _ LITHIUM BATTERY PROPER USE AND DISPOSAL 21 Electromagnetic Interference 11 0 TROUBLESHOOTING een 22 EN50082 1 pr EN55024 2 1992 Electrostatic Discharge 12 0 PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATIONS 23 pr EN55024 3 1991 Electromagnetic Immunity 13 0 ORDERING INFORMATION eee 24 14 0 WARRANTY INFORMATION 25 Supplementary Information Responsible Signatory Haak Magnussen VP of R amp D Date August 1 1996 Technical Assistance 800 543 4030 Call this toll free number
4. ING The lithium battery has an operating temperature range of 40 C to 72 C 40 F to 162 F Use or storage of the battery outside this temperature range may cause the cell to open mildly venting or violently explosion FIGURE 3 1 POSITION THE POSITIVE END OF THE BATTERY UP 4 0 THE KEYPAD ON The ON key This key turns the EDP2 pipette on or off When power is turned off the operating mode speed volume setting and piston position are in memory When power is turned back on operation resumes as if the pipette had not been turned off All settings are retained until you enter changes on the keypad To conserve battery power EDP2 incorporates an automatic sleep feature Whenever power is connected but the EDP2 pipette is not used for three minutes it will automatically turn off Press the on off key to reactivate the pipette MODE The MODE Key The mode key steps through the four possible combinations of operating modes and speeds m Pipette m Fast pipette Multidispense m Fast Multidispense Simply press the mode key until the desired combination is indicated on the display The appearance of the rabbit symbol in the upper right corner of the display indicates that the fast operating speed has been selected J The VOLUME ADJUSTMENT Key Volume settings are adjusted by pressing the arrow keys To increase the set volume press the key with the up
5. all 800 472 4646 to order or online at www rainin com DESCRIPTION EDP2 Pipettes including lithium battery in U S EDP2 0 5 10pL EDP2 2 5 25uL EDP2 10 100pL EDP2 25 250pL EDP2 100 1000pL EDP2 250 2500pL REPLACEMENT PARTS Long life Lithium Battery Seal Assembly for E2 MIC 10 Seal Assembly for E2 25 Seal Kit for E2 100 Seal Kit for E2 250 Seal Kit for E2 1000 Seal Kit for E2 2500 Upper shaft for E2 MIC 10 Lower shaft Metal for E2 MIC 10 Shaft for E2 25 Shaft for E2 100 Shaft for E2 250 Shaft for E2 1000 Shaft for E2 2500 PIPETTE STAND Stand for use with EDP2 Pipettes Holds three pipettes Also for use with the EDP Plus Pipette 14 0 WARRANTY INFORMATION Upon receipt of your EDP2 Pipette please complete the Warranty Registration Card and return it to Rainin Instrument LLC to validate the warranty EDP2 pipettes are warranted for one year against defects in materials and workmanship For infor mation regarding the warranty or repair of any instrument please call Rainin Instrument LLC at 800 543 4030 NOTE Product returns are accepted with prior authorization only Please contact Technical Service Department at 800 543 4030 for forwarding instructions If the equipment is used in a manner not specified the protection provided by the equipment may be impaired Note Product returns are accepted with prior authorization only Please contact Technical Service Department at 800 543 4030 for f
6. appear on the display The arrow keys and mode key become inactive in the middle of a pipetting cycle leaving only the reset key and power key active The EDP2 pipette emits a beeping sound at the end of every motor movement You should hear two beeps when power is first connected and one beep at the end of each pickup stroke and dispensing stroke Two beeps sound at the end of each blowout cycle Audible tones may be turned off To do so insert the end of a straightened paper clip into the small hole between the reset key and the arrow down key on the keyboard and press gently To turn the tones on again follow the same procedure When the tones are turned off they are off only during actual operation You will still hear the two beeps when power is first applied FIGURE 4 2 AUDIBLE TONES OFF 5 0 MODES AND SPEEDS In addition to simple pipetting the EDP2 pipette can aspirate a single volume of liquid and dispense that liquid stepwise as a series of equal smaller volumes Operating speed is adjustable for either mode A full scale move at the slower speed takes approximately 2 2 seconds A full scale move at the fastest speed takes approximately 1 3 seconds The slower speed is recommended for viscous samples The two operating modes and speeds allow these liquid measurement combina tions PIPETTE FAST PIPETTE MULTIDISPENSE and FAST MULTIDISPENSE You can choose the combination you desire by pressing the mod
7. arrow To decrease the set volume press the key with the down arrow Pressing either key continuously causes the rate of change to accelerate The EDP2 pipette retains two volumes in memory one for the pipette mode and one for the multidispense mode When switching from pipette to multidispense the display automatically changes from the pipette set volume to the multidispense set volume RESET The RESET key The reset key is active only when the piston is away from the home position To determine if the piston is away from the home position look for DISPENSE MULTIDISPENSE or Murr and the flashing Reset signal on the display MILT DEFENSE Sul FIGURE 4 1 Look for DISPENSE MULTIDISPENSE Or MULTI and RESET to determine if the piston is away from the home position Pressing the reset key with either DISPENSE Or MULTIDISPENSE Shown on the display causes the piston to move down and empty liquid from the tip The unit executes a blowout cycle and the piston returns fo the home position The EDP2 pipette is then ready for the next sample At the end of any multidispense cycle the word Reset flashes on the display and the trigger becomes inactive Pressing the reset key initiates the blowout cycle and the piston returns to the home position The unit is then ready to pick up the next sample NOTES The arrow keys and the mode key are only active when the pipette is ready to pick up a new sample The word Pickup will
8. curacy In most experi ments where sample measurements are compared to standards the precision specification will determine the accuracy of results as long as both samples and standards are measured with the same instrument Table 12 1 EDP2 Specifications Accuracy Precision Model Volume giL Increment tyl Relative Absolute Relative Absolute E2 MIC 10 0 5 5 0 025 2 8 0 014 1 2 5 0 025 1 2 0 012 5 0 02 1 5 0 075 0 6 0 03 10 1 0 1 0 4 0 04 E2 25 25 6 0 15 2 0 05 12 5 0 01 1 2 0 15 0 4 0 05 25 1 0 25 0 3 0 075 E2 100 10 3 0 3 1 0 1 50 0 02 0 8 0 4 0 2 0 1 100 0 8 0 8 0 2 0 2 E2 250 25 2 0 5 0 6 0 15 125 1 0 8 1 0 15 0 19 250 0 8 2 0 15 0 38 E2 1000 100 3 3 0 6 0 6 500 2 0 8 4 0 13 0 65 1000 0 8 8 0 13 1 3 E2 2500 250 3 2 8 0 8 2 1250 10 0 8 10 0 16 2 2500 0 8 20 0 12 3 Specifications are subject to change without notice and apply to operation in PIPETTE mode Performance within specifications is guaranteed for distilled water when used with RAININ disposoble tips Please also refer to publication AB 15 Procedure for Evaluating Accuracy and Precision of RAININ Pipettes For a copy of this publication call 800 543 4030 23 24 13 0 ORDERING INFORMATION CAT NO E2 MIC 10 E2 25 E2 100 E2 250 E2 1000 E2 2500 E2 BA 6100 470 6100 073 6105 140 6105 141 6105 142 6105 143 6100 414 6100 416 6100 427 6100 428 6100 429 6100 430 6100 224 E2 ST C
9. d fo an electronic linear actuator The linear actu ator is controlled by an on board microcomputer to move the piston the correct distance at the correct speed during liquid measurement The distance moved determines the volume measured Operating parameters are entered into the microcomputer via control keys on a simple keypad Current status and volume setting are shown on a liquid crystal display Aspiration and dispensing steps are actuated by pressing a trigger A long life lithium battery in a compartment in the handle of the control module provides power to the EDP2 pipette Battery life in the EDP2 pipette is typically a year or longer in normal use For safe removal of contaminated tips without direct hand contact a mechanical tip ejector is standard on all models except the 2500uL 2 0 UNPACKING INSTRUCTIONS A complete EDP2 package includes B EDP2 Pipette B Long life lithium battery B Sample RAININ Certified disposable tips B Small vial of specialized grease Not included in 10 and 25uL packages B Instruction manual Check that all items have been received and inspect for possible shipping damage In case of damage file a damage claim immediately with the shipping carrier Save all packing materials until any damage claim is resolved and the instrument is functioning properly 3 0 INSTALLING THE LITHIUM BATTERY Before operating the EDP2 pipette you must install the lithium battery in the battery compa
10. e key COMBINATIONS PIPETTE ae Press Mope until Pickup appears on the display we ILL pl FAST PIPETTE Press Mope until Pickup and the rabbit symbol appear on the display MULTIDISPENSE Sour Press Mope until Pickup and MuLtTI min appear on the display Lie ul FAST MULTIDISPENSE Press Mope until PICKUP MULTI and the rabbit symbol appear on the display NOTE For either multidispense combination the volume you enter on the keypad is the dispense volume The pickup volume is determined by the microcomputer and includes the largest integral multiple of the dispense volume within the full volume range of the pipette plus a fixed residual volume The residual volume assures that the final aliquot dispensed will be accurate 5 1 PIPETTE MODE OPERATION OPERATION READY PICKUP DISPENSE BLOWOUT DISPENSE Een READY after pause Holding trigger in delays this step beep beep TO SET MODE Pipette Press MODE Display shows Pickup Fast Pipette Press MODE Display shows Pickup and the rabbit symbol TO SET VOLUME Press either arrow key Display quickly rolls through volumes TO CLEAR EMPTY OR RETURN PISTON TO HOME POSITION Press 5 2 MULTIDISPENSE MODE OPERATION OPERATION READY PICKUP DISPENSE DISCARD BLOWOUT READY REMAINDER MULTI MULT HSPEHSE TO SET MODE Multidispense Press Display shows Pickup and MULTI Fast Multidi
11. etween the pipette shaft and the disposable tip RAININ tips should be used RAININ tips are designed so that their sealing surfaces exactly match the design of the EDP2 shafts to produce an airtight fit This seal can also fail if the sealing surface of the pipette shaft should become scratched or nicked This can sometimes be corrected by rotating the sealing surface of the shaft inside a piece of very fine emery cloth Take care during this procedure to remove only the minimum amount of material necessary to restore a proper seal Should this measure fail the shaft should be replaced Leakage can also result from an improper seal between the piston and shaft inte rior This can occur if the surface of the piston loses its high polish or if the piston becomes scratched corroded or pitted If either of these conditions exist the piston assembly should be replaced To maintain the integrity of this seal it is important to inspect the piston assembly and shaft interior periodically to assure freedom from dirt and chemical contami nants For Micro 10 EDP2 Pipette The seal between the piston and the interior of the shaft is formed by a self lubri cating PTFE ring and a silicone o ring Routine inspection of the seal is not recom mended because of the small size of the components In the event that the seal needs replacing begin by removing the seal retainer from the shaft This is a tight fit and should be unscrewed using the special gri
12. for technical consultation and product information for EDP2 other RAININ liquid measurement instruments and disposable tips Prices and specifications are subject to change without notice EDP EDP2 are trademarks of Rainin Instrument LLC EDP Pipettes are manu factured under U S Patent Nos 4 671 123 4 839 248 and 4 905 526 Other U S and national patents issued and pending Copyright 1987 2003 Rainin Instrument LLC 1 0 DESCRIPTION EDP2 pipettes are battery operated motorized hand held instruments for microliter liquid measurement Using an EDP2 pipette you can perform simple liquid trans fers or dispense multiple samples with excellent accuracy and precision Speed is adjustable for normal aqueous liquids or slightly viscous samples Tip Ejector Button Trigger Battery Compartment Cover Drive Module FIGURE 1 2 EDP2 DISPLAY CONTROL PANEL Liquid End Disposable Tip FIGURE 1 1 EDP2 PIPETTE There are six EDP2 models Each model is completely adjustable within its range the smallest settable volume increment is 0 02uL for the Micro 10 EDP2 1 500 of full range for 100 and 1000uL models and 1 250 of full range for 25 250 and 2500uL models The recommended working range is O 5uL to 10uL for the Micro 10 EDP2 and 10 to 100 of full value for all other models Each EDP2 pipette incorporates a highly polished precision ground stainless steel piston which is directly connecte
13. g the large nut at the base of the control module Gently pull the shaft away from the unit All piston assembly components should remain seated on the piston Carefully remove the bushing seal spring and seal from the piston and inspect for dirt and contamination Inspect the shaft interior also If any part needs clean ing a solvent such as distilled water or methanol should remove any contamina tion The piston assembly and shaft must be completely dry before reassembling When drying the piston use a very soft lint free cloth Do not use paper towels or any other material which may scratch the surface of the piston The seal itself should also be tested for wear by sliding it along the piston It should offer a slight resistance to sliding not drop freely under its own weight If it shows no resistance it should be replaced Replacement Seal Assemblies are available from Rainin Instrument LLC To reassemble hold the pipette horizontally and place the seal spring then the bushing on the piston Next place the seal assembly on the piston Be sure to position the seal assembly properly the PTFE ring should extend through the o ring and only the PTFE ring should contact the piston surface Carefully replace the shaft body on the control module making sure that the tip ejector pin on the module engages the tip ejector hole in the shaft Thread the retainer ring carefully back onto the control module and tighten WARNING
14. he large amount of power stored in a new lithium battery of this type is respon sible for its long life when used in an EDP2 pipette The battery should be handled with care and used properly never misused or abused Power should be drawn from the battery only when it is properly installed in the EDP2 pipette Do not incinerate the lithium battery or expose it to excessive heat Exposing the battery to temperatures outside the operating temperature range 40 C to 72 C 40 F to 162 F may cause the cell to open mildly venting or violently explosion Do not short circuit puncture crush disassemble recharge or force over discharge reversal Used batteries may contain sufficient trace amounts of lithium so that they will be subject to governmental hazardous waste disposal regulations Regulations vary from state to state If you do not have access to an on site disposal facility contact your local Environmental Protection Agency for laws applicable to your region It is the responsibility of the user to comply with state and federal hazardous waste disposal regulations as set forth by the Environmental Protection Agencies 21 22 11 0 TROUBLESHOOTING EDP2 Pipettes should be used with RAININ disposable tips to ensure proper seal ing If an improper seal exists between the tip and pipette shaft leakage will result An improper seal between the piston and the interior of the liquid end shaft may also cause leakage Sectio
15. n 8 0 reviews the care and maintenance procedures required to protect the integrity of this seal If the EDP2 has not been used for an extended period of time when first turned on the message Lob may appear on the display Turn the EDP2 off then on again to reinitiate the battery energize sequence This procedure can be repeated several times if necessary If the display continues fo show Lob power is low and the lithium battery needs to be replaced See Section 9 0 for battery replacement procedures Rainin Instrument LLC maintains a complete service department to correct any problems resulting from physical or chemical damage to the EDP2 pipette Contact RAININ Service Department at 800 662 7027 for more information 12 0 PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATIONS For the purposes of this manual specifications for accuracy and precision for the EDP2 pipette are defined as follows ACCURACY means the closeness with which dispensed volumes approximate the volume set on the pipette Accuracy is specified as Mean Error the maximum amount by which the mean value of a large number of replicate measurements of the same volume will deviate from the set volume The specification applies to water in the temperature range of 21 5 C 1 C PRECISION means the scatter of individual measurements around the mean of a large number of replicate measurements of the same volume Specifications for precision are generally tighter than for ac
16. orwarding instructions 25 RAININ Rainin Instrument LLC 7500 Edgewater Drive Oakland CA 94621 0060 800 472 4646 9920 015 Rev H WEB
17. p tool provided with the replacement seal Replacement Seal Kits are available from Rainin Instrument LLC Refer fo Figure 8 1 and carefully remove the o ring and PTFE ring and inspect for contamination If you need to clean any component use either distilled water or methanol The piston and seal assembly must be completely dry before reassembly When drying the piston use a very soft lint free wipe Do not use surface of the piston The seal itself should also be tested for wear by sliding Shaft the PTFE ring along the piston It should offer slight resistance to sliding not move freely If it shows no resistance replace the seal paper towels or any other material which may scratch the To reassemble hold the pipette horizontal and place the PTFE ring then the O ring on the piston Be sure to posi tion the seal assembly properly the PTFE ring should extend through the O ring and only the PTFE ring should contact the piston surface Piston PTFE Ring Carefully screw the seal retainer back onto the shaft and O ring tighten with the grip tool provided _ ta Seal WARNING never apply grease to the seal assembly of a model Micro 10 EDP2 pipette FIGURE 8 1 PISTON SEAL ASSEM BLY MICRO 10 EDP2 retainer For 25uL model EDP2 Pipette The seal between the piston and the interior of the shaft is formed by a self lubricating PTFE ring and a silicone o ring To inspect this seal begin by remov in
18. re that the tip ejector pin on the module engages the tip ejector hole in the shaft Thread the retainer ring carefully back onto the control module and tighten NOTE The 2500 microliter model has no tip ejector FIGURE 8 3 PISTON SEAL ASSEMBLY 100 250 1000 AND Bushing O ring 2500uL MODELS 20 9 0 REPLACING THE LITHIUM BATTERY Battery life in the EDP2 pipette is typically a year or longer in normal use When the battery does become low the message Lob will appear on the display Initially this message is displayed only at the end of the blowout stroke At this time the pipette will still perform accurately however if you do not have a spare battery on hand a new battery should be ordered immediately As the battery drains further the message appears at the end of every blowout stroke and again when the piston reaches the home position When the message appears continuously on the display at the end of every motor movement the battery should be replaced to ensure proper operation To replace the battery Loosen the screw in the compartment cover Remove the cover Remove the battery by pulling the battery ribbon towards you Section 3 0 contains instructions on how to correctly install a new lithium battery 10 0 LITHIUM BATTERY PROPER USE AND DISPOSAL EDP2 pipettes employ one C size foil wound lithium thionychloride battery Rated capacity is 5 Ah 3 6 V open circuit nominal T
19. rtment in the pipette handle The compartment cover is located on the right side of the handle To install the lithium battery loosen the screw in the compartment cover This is the only screw visible on the outside of the control module Remove the cover Notice the mylar ribbon inside the compartment This rests flush between the inside walls of the compartment and the battery to aid in removing the battery Locate the positive sign on the battery Install it in the compartment with the positive end up The end of the ribbon should extend out from the left side of the compartment Figure 3 1 shows how to position the battery properly CAUTION Do not force the battery into the compartment If will only fit in the compartment if the positive end is up Improper installation can damage the EDP2 pipette After installing the battery you will hear the EDP2 pipette initialize and switch on The legend Pickup and the full range volume setting will show on the display Replace the compartment cover and tighten the screw The EDP2 is ready for use The EDP2 shuts off automatically when not used for three minutes If you then press the on off key these events occur rapidly a beep sounds as power is connected three dashes appear on the display another beep sounds and the full range volume is displayed NOTE If the battery is changed very fast within one minute the last entered mode and volume will remain on th e LCD WARN
20. s sample from the outside of the tip 8 A consistent rhythm is maintained from sample to sample when pipetting As with any air displacement pipette best results will be obtained if there is no extended or variable delay between picking up the sample and dispensing it If you are pipetting a liquid which is extremely dense or viscous or one which has a high vapor pressure a positive displacement pipette should be used 8 0 CARE AND MAINTENANCE EDP2 Pipettes are designed to keep maintenance fo a minimum provided proper care is exercised and proper pipetting techniques are followed Never pull liquid into the shaft of the pipette without a disposable tip attached When liquid is present in the tip never invert the EDP2 or lay it on its side the unit should be held vertically EDP2 pipettes never need calibration they are self calibrating instruments At the end of each dispensing stroke the unique electronic mechanism automatically resets the proper piston home position eliminating the need for periodic calibra tion adjustments Routinely each pipette should be tested fo ensure proper sealing as follows Set the instrument to its maximum volume in normal pipette mode Mount a dispos able tip and aspirate water Hold the unit vertically and observe the tip for one to two minutes No leaking should occur If leakage does occur it may be that the seal between the shaft and tip is not airtight To obtain a proper seal b
21. spense Press MODE Display shows PICKUP Mutt and the rabbit symbol TO SET VOLUME Press either arrow key Display quickly rolls through volumes TO CLEAR EMPTY OR RETURN PISTON TO HOME POSITION Press RESET 6 0 DISPOSABLE TIPS The requirements for disposable pipette tips for EDP2 pipettes are rigorous and demanding m Disposable tips must seal properly on the EDP2 shaft to assure an air tight seal and to avoid leaks or poor accuracy Tips must be soft and flexible so that the shaft is not scratched geometry must be consistent from tip to tip Otherwise accuracy and precision will be affected m Interior and exterior surfaces must be clear smooth and hydrophobic to avoid retention of liquid as droplets or film Too much liquid retention will result in poor accuracy and reproducibility EDP2 pipettes are designed for use with RAININ manufactured disposable tips Specified performance of EDP2 pipettes is guaranteed only when RAININ disposable tips are used as recommended in Section 7 ee Rainin Instrument LLC cannot accept respon ea sibility for poor performance resulting from the use of other than RAININ disposable tips RAININ disposable tips are molded from premium grade virgin polypropylene plastic Molds are inspected and maintained frequently to assure high quality tip produc tion Samples from each lot of tips are inspected microscopically to assure that every lot meets these
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