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ANSYS ICEM CFD User`s Manual

1. Delete all Number of Elements output parameters Setting Output Parameters Iv Output Check Mesh Check Mesh Emors amd Duplicata elmeri Uncovered faces Missing riainal faces Periodic problems Volume onantations Surface onentations Hangng elements Penetrating elements Dieconmected bat elements Check Mest Possible Problems Multiple edges Triangle bowes 2 single edges Single multiple edges Stand alone suface mesh Single edges F Delaunay violation Overlapping elements Norrmerdold vertices Uncormected vertices Delete al Check Me tput paramete Blocking Output Pre Mesh quality Pre Mesh cnlenor Delete sl Pre Mesh Quality output parameters iv Output Number of Blocks Block types Numbe of Al Blocks Number of Mapped Blocks Number of Free Blocks Number of Swept Blocks Delete sl Number of Blocks output parameters 1 Within ICEM CFD choose Settings Workbench Parameters Workbench Output Parameters 2 Optionally Click the Output quality metrics check box to select quality metrics a Use the Quality Metrics drop down menu to choose the metric you want to set ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 74 User Defined Parameters Example b Click the radio buttons to select the mesh types to check for the metric Opti
2. Figure 7 Closed Hole p 14 shows the geometry after the Close Holes operation is completed A new surface is created to close the hole ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 13 CAD Repair Figure 7 Closed Hole Remove Holes You can use the Remove Holes option if the hole lies entirely within a single surface such as a trimmed surface For example in Figure 8 Hole Within a Single Surface p 14 the two yellow curve loops rep resent the boundaries of the holes which lie entirely in one surface Figure 8 Hole Within a Single Surface Figure 9 After Remove Holes p 14 shows the geometry after the Remove Holes operation is completed for one of the holes The existing surface is modified by removing the trim definition Figure 9 After Remove Holes ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in 14 formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates Fill Trim and Blend in Stitch Match Edges Fill Trim and Blend in Stitch Match Edges Consider the case of a geometry with a gap shown in Figure 10 Geometry With a Gap p 15 Figure 10 Geometry With a Gap Figure 11 Using the Fill Option p 15 shows the use of the Fill option Figure 11 Using the Fill Option Figure 12 Using the Trim Option p
3. eeeeeee 22 Desired Mesh REGION x prio PR voe OL EG EORR MR E C P FAN SEES FREE aK na kiea Fei weeks 22 The Octree Mesh Method eee tete eet ir trace etse eet st kr deree ca seges 23 Important Features ii Tetra io rer re eet eet re ev e ede ipe ke ce eee Poo eere e RR EE Yn See Re eese sass 26 Curvature Proximity Based Refini ment iius senec etre eiat thee ER tpa vane ea ere opua arbe ae dv 27 Tetrahedral Mesh Smoother esses eene eene nennen essen nene rnn nnne sese een n nennt nne nennen nnn 27 Tetrahedral Mesh Coarsener cccccccccccessssssnncccceceesseessnneeeececeesesssneeeeeeecceseneenaeeeeseeeeseeesaaeeeeeeeeseees 27 Triangular Surface Mesh Smoother reus ep Ge ehe ee Vest ees erred b s Da b DERE CER MN ERN 27 Triangular Surface Mesh Coarsener siis eed entera vsu nnd se Ray so ap e EORR ERN SR ep Neid ov dag 27 Triangular Surface Editing Tools rir co iot ep Ce PI RH PRECOR PLE ERNPOR OO RE CHAR HEN PAK 27 Check Mesh 3 5 b teste Sona ere Ee e eee REN ead eo deor di Svea eroe e TERTA 28 Smooth Mesh Globally ssecula cheated edo d Reha nia Mug lava uon pubes annie ne E Eas AT A PROV ai 28 Quality Metrics ciini zeit tci aS bares Dp Nat cu SUN Ug pe i pe i gue epe pepe dpt uet ame p 29 Advanced Options for Smoothing Mesh cccessescescessseesessneeesesseeeeseesseseesesseneeesensaseeseeseserees 30 Prism Mesh eee eese n e ceto e a ee edave e Ee Re cusa e eeu en dna ene e Ee dpud 33 Prismi Me Sh
4. 70 formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates Setting Parameters 3 Click the Yes button in the pop up dialog to confirm the selection A P in the check box indicates that the parameter has been created for Workbench Note You will not be able to edit the parameter within ICEM CFD unless you click the check box again and deselect the parameter 4 In Workbench double click on the project s Parameters cell 5 Edit the parameter values in the Outline of Schematic Parameters window LAE I pl ecereters 4 4 Update AB Design Ports x ee 3x Se AE E Perereter Charts B c o A 8 c p Pwevete here Whee Neme gt Pi Surface Mush Satie Macrae ue P2 Mn quailty of Qualty TRI STETRA 4j Exported 5 2 Gsrett 2 3 44523 1i l 6 Click the Project tab to return to the Project Schematic window You can now update the project using the new parameter settings Setting the parameters for a single curve surface or edge 1 Within ICEM CFD open the Surface Mesh Setup Curve Mesh Setup or Edge Params parameters from the Tab menu 2 Click the Select button at the top of the Parameters window 3 Click the Left Mouse button to select the curve surface or edge for which you want to set parameters 4 Click the Middle Mouse button to complete the selection The surface curve or edge you selected are listed in the selection entry Surface Mesh Setup amp Surfaces FACE20 B T 5 Sel
5. Hexa allows you to take advantage of symmetry in meshing a section of the rotating machinery thereby minimizing the model size Link Shape This allows you to link the edge shape to existing deforming edge This gives better control over the grid specifically in the case of parametric studies Adjustability Options to generate 3D surface meshes from the 3D volume mesh and 2D to 3D block topology transformation Mesh Generation with Hexa To generate a mesh within Hexa you need to Import a geometry file using any of the direct indirect or faceted data interfaces Interactively define the block model through split merge O grid definition edge face modifications and vertex movements Check the block quality to ensure that the block model meets specified quality thresholds Assign edge meshing parameters such as maximum element size initial element height at the boundaries and expansion ratios Generate the mesh with or without projection parameters specified Check the Mesh quality to ensure that specified mesh quality criteria are met Write Output files to the desired solvers If necessary you may always return to previous steps to manipulate the blocking if the mesh quality does not meet the specified threshold or if the mesh does not capture certain geometry features The blocking may be saved at any time thus allowing you to return to previous block topologies ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All righ
6. PIOCGSS eene eoe eae ne te erede tr saevo pereas det gaat ote e eae e Pee ERU are aaepe eed o es ade A a la 34 Prism Mesh Preparatioh uci eee ort E aet anki cae eno ee ea v era Feet e ehe E Cra eaaet E ena ETE ER See Tn 34 Smoothing Tetra Prism Mesh 4 5 ci reri at SER eas uesd UA CR MAT SHREK NBSP ARN TEN dears asada Goanks 35 hf HT 37 INEKOGUCTION e ER ERE EE UE 37 Features of Hexa mirne per tette eerte ette HI elias vetro E aeta ee e sev Do m EENT 37 Mesh Generation with Hexa cccccccccssssssssecceececesssesseeeececceseeessnsneeeeececeeeeesnaeeeesecesseesenaeeeeeeseseneeenaeas 38 The Hexa Database te te entere Rede eee ee E ee eee eee ns Gase tee tee ecce eese ve E ne 39 Intelligent Geometry IN HEXA quete te Haa Er Rd s evade iino Pet vae died e dr vh o rd dr 39 Unstructured and Multi block Structured Meshes c sscccccccesssesssseecececcessessnaeecececesseessnneeeeeseseeeeees 39 Unstructured Mesh Output cc cccccccccsssssssenecceeeceessesssnaeeececeeeseeesnneaeeeeeeeeseeeesnaaeeeeeeseeseeeeenaaeeeeeees 40 Multi Block Structured Mesh Output sesssssseeeseeeeeee eene eene enne nennen nenne essere nennen 40 BlOCKING Strategy 3 tee nite eode rne eae a oru duca Rede ey see a a eee de Prage ree ande et eua 40 ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidia
7. 15 shows the use of the Trim option Figure 12 Using the Trim Option Figure 13 Using the Blend Option p 16 shows the use of the Blend option ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 15 CAD Repair Figure 13 Using the Blend Option Match in Stitch Match Edges The Match option is generally used in those cases where curves lie very close to each other specifically when the two ends meet together see Figure 14 Geometry With Mismatched Edges p 16 and Fig ure 15 Geometry After Using the Match Edges Option p 17 You should have the two sets of curves within some tolerance for this option to work Figure 14 Geometry With Mismatched Edges ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in 16 formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates Match in Stitch Match Edges Figure 15 Geometry After Using the Match Edges Option ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 17 ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates Tetra Meshing Automated to the point that y
8. All commands Do range Insert Delete one Delete all Delete range Renumber Always update V Ignore errors Stop Done For more information see Replay Scripts in the ANSYS ICEM CFD Help Manual Setting Parameters Setting Input parameters in Workbench enables you to pass parameters to ICEM CFD and other down stream analysis tools The interaction of parameters between applications provides you with greater flexibility and capabilities to run optimization and what if scenarios For more information about using parameters in Workbench see Working with Parameters and Design Points in the Workbench User s Guide Parameters may be set globally or individually with individual parameters taking precedence over global values The parameters you can set are Input Parameters Parameters for all existing curves surfaces or edges Mesh parameters for parts User defined Input Parameters Output Parameters ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 69 Workbench Integration Setting Input Parameters Clicking the box to the right of certain Meshing Input parameters enables you to select whether the parameter is controlled from within ICEM CFD or from within Workbench A P in the check box indicates that it has been selected as a Workbench Input parameter If the check box is empty you can c
9. CAD Interfaces provide the bridge between parametric geometry creation tools available in CAD systems and the computational mesh generation and mesh optimization tools available in ANSYS ICEM CFD allowing users to operate in their native CAD systems ANSYS ICEM CFD currently supports Direct CAD Interfaces for CATIA I deas Creo Parametric and Unigraphics The ANSYS ICEM CFD environment can combine CAD surface geometry and triangulated surface data into a single geometry database tetin file using the geometry interfaces All geometry entities including surfaces curves and points are tagged or associated to a grouping called a part With this part association you can enable or disable all entities within the parts visualize them with a different color assign mesh sizes on all entities within the part and apply different boundary conditions by part ICEM CFD also supports several geometry interfaces which allow you to import geometry from other formats CAD 3rd party geometry Faceted Data and Mesh formats For a complete list of supported geometry interfaces see Import Geometry in the Help manual Although most of the meshing modules within ANSYS ICEM CFD allow minor gaps and holes in the geometry in some cases it is necessary to find and close large gaps and holes without returning to the original CAD software ANSYS ICEM CFD provides tools for such operations on either CAD or triangulated surfaces Finally curves and points can be automat
10. Parameter column for the part A dialog asks you to confirm that you want to create a Workbench parameter for each value you ve changed Note If any Workbench parameters are already set for the part a dialog will ask if you want to delete that Workbench parameter Parameters assigned as Workbench parameters are highlighted in blue r AD Part Mesh Setup olez CE n Hexe Masimum Height Height ratio Nur Tetra Tetra Min size im Mex deviation mn o l 0 am o 0 a l P BLADE MOTOR SERVO Ki V Show size params using scale actor x W ani es A rr L3 gt D 0 o o o 0 0 0 3 01 0 02 0 02 wIojeltn T v Appl inflation parameters to curves Remove inllsscn parameters from curves Existing wodkbench input parameters using a lghlblue background To delete a parameter click in the Parameter column A dialog will ask you to confirm that you want to delete each individual Workbench parameter in the row 72 ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates Setting Parameters As with ICEM CFD the Apply inflation parameters to curves and Remove inflation parameters from curves options affect Workbench parameter behavior as well The current value of Apply inflation parameters to curves is saved to the project file ai
11. Projects Blocking Input Other Input Actions performed Parameters Parameters by ICEM CFD No No 1 Runs tetra default meshing Saves the unstruc tured mesh Saves the project Runs hexa default meshing Saves the unstruc tured mesh Saves the project No No No Yes 1 Sets all input para meters ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in 64 formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates Updating ICEM CFD Projects Blocking Replay Blocking Input Other Input Actions performed File Parameters Parameters by ICEM CFD 2 Runs tetra meshing Runs prism meshing if any Part PART_NAME Prism input para meters exist See Setting Parameters for Prism Mesh ing p 73 3 Saves the unstruc tured mesh 4 Saves the project No Yes No Yes 1 Sets all input para meters 2 Runs the Replay file 3 Saves the unstruc tured mesh 4 Saves the project No Yes Yes Yes 1 Sets all input para meters except block ing parameters 2 Runs the Replay file 3 If blocking now ex ists a Sets blocking in put parameters b Runs hexa mesh ing c Converts pre mesh to unstruc tured d Saves the unstruc tured mesh 4 Saves the project Yes No Yes Yes 1 Sets all input para meters ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Con
12. Replay Control item from this menu to start the Workbench Replay Control dialog Output Mesh You can choose to save the ICEM CFD mesh output to Fluent CFX or Polyflow projects EB Workbench Replay Control Dialog The Workbench Replay Control dialog helps you create test and edit script files by performing oper ations in ANSYS ICEM CFD and recording the equivalent Tcl Tk commands in a Replay file You can then use the dialog to step through and edit the script The Workbench Replay Control dialog works exactly the same as the standalone Replay Control dialog that you open from the File menu with two key exceptions The Workbench Replay Control dialog supports Workbench Input Parameters and allows you to step through them The dialog automatically loads the current Replay script file ICM rp1 instead of opening a file browser ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in 68 formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates Setting Parameters AP Replay control in Workbench 2 0 Framew ca amp 23 perations in script 1 Replay file ICEM CFD 15 0 in Workbench 2 0 Framework 2 unloading geometry 3 ic unload tetin 4 ic empty tetin 5 unloading mesh B ic unload mesh 7 unloading blocking 8 ic hex unload blocking 3 delete empty parts 10 ic_delete_empty_parts v Record after current
13. Value This maximum value which is located on the right most side of the histogram s x axis represents the highest quality that elements can achieve Max Y height You can adjust the number of elements that will be represented on the histogram s y axis Usually a value of 20 is sufficient If there are too many elements displayed it is difficult to discern the effects of smoothing Num bars This represents the number of subdivisions within the range between the Min X and Max X values The default Bars have widths of 0 05 Increasing the number of displayed bars will decrease their width The Reset option will return all of the values back to their original settings Show Click the left mouse button on any of the bars in the histogram to select elements that fall within that selected Quality range If Show is enabled the selected elements on the model will become visible in the main viewing window The following options control how the selected elements are displayed Solid Enabling this option will display the elements as solid rather than the default grid representation Show must be enabled Color by Quality If available enabling this option will display the elements in the same color as the selected Quality bar in the histogram Show must be enabled Highlight If available this option allows you to display one or two additional layers adjacent to the selected elements Show must be enabled Subset Allows you to crea
14. and repaired in the same manner If there are many problem areas it may be better to repair the geometry or adjust the meshing parameters The Octree Mesh Method The Octree method starts with generating a volume mesh using a top down approach Then the mesh is made conformal to the geometry and patch independent surface mesh is created at all the boundaries and internal walls Expert users often use the robust Octree approach to generate a surface mesh and then regenerate the volume mesh using a bottom up approach such as the Delaunay method or Ad vancing Front method See Tetra Mixed Mesh Type in the Help document for more information on these methods The Octree mesh method is based on the following spatial subdivision algorithm This algorithm ensures refinement of the mesh where necessary but maintains larger elements where possible allowing for faster computation Once the root tetrahedron which encloses the entire geometry has been initialized Tetra subdivides the root tetrahedron until all element size requirements are met Figure 19 Geometry Input to Tetra At this point the Tetra mesher balances the mesh so that elements sharing an edge or face do not differ in size by more than a factor of 2 ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 23 Tetra Meshing Figure 20 Full Tetra Enclosing the Geometr
15. enter text associated with the label for the field Number Entry Min quality o4 Number entries allow you to enter numerical values for the parameter indicated by the label for the field Iterations s Some number entry fields may have arrow buttons which allow you to increase or decrease the value in entry field ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in 8 formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates Using the Help System Selections Points C500 150 500 V Selection fields indicate the entities selected for a particular operation Click the button adjacent to the selection field to invoke the selection mode The selection toolbar associated with the operation will appear After confirming the selections the selected items will be listed in the selection field Apply OK Dismiss Apply Dismiss At the bottom of the DEZ these buttons are used to accept or reject the parameters Apply accepts your parameters and leaves the DEZ open OK accepts your parameters and closes the DEZ Dismiss rejects your parameters and closes the DEZ The Histogram Window The Histogram Window shows a bar graph representing the mesh quality The X axis represents element quality usually normalized to between 0 and 1 and the Y axis represents the number of elements Other functions which utilize this space will become pop up menus if the quality or histogram
16. is enabled The Message Window The Message Window contains all the messages that ANSYS ICEM CFD writes out to keep the user in formed of internal processes The Message Window displays the communication between the GUI and the geometry and meshing functions Any requested information such as measure distance surface area etc will be reported in the message window You can use the scroll bar to review the information from your entire session Also internal commands can also be typed and invoked from within the message window The Save command will write all message window contents to a file This file will be written to the folder from which ICEM CFD was launched The Log check box allows only user specified messages to be saved to a file Note The Log file is unique from the file created with the Save button This file will be written to the starting directory and it automatically updates as more messages are recorded If the check box is disabled you can append to a file by enabling Log and accepting an existing file name Log will then append to this file Using the Help System Click Help on the main menu and select the appropriate option from the menu ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 9 Introduction to ANSYS ICEM CFD Figure 3 Help Menu Options Help Help Topics Tutorial Manual Use
17. keeps the load information at the geometry level so the mesh can be regenerated without losing the setup information V L E Ls P Figure 28 Force on a Curve Nodes are numbered 0 1 2 and so on Elements between the nodes have lengths L L and so on The total length is Ly Then the force on the Nodes as per FEA concepts is distributed linearly in proportion to the Element length as shown in the figure below ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 53 Loads Figure 29 Linear Force Distribution 0 5 Fr L Lr 0 5 Fr L Lr Y 4 9 0 L 1 0 5 Fz Lo Lr 0 5 Fz Lo Lr Y Y 9 1 E 2 0 5 Fy L3 Lr 0 5 Fr L3 Lr o___ _ WC _ 2 Ls 3 0 5 Fy La Ly 0 5 Fr La Ly e o 3 La 4 For a Linear distribution the load at each node is calculated as follows Node 0 F 0 5 Fr L4 Ly Node 1 F 0 5 Fy L4 Lj 0 5 Fy L3 Ly Node 2 F 0 5 Fy Ly Ly 0 5 Fy L3 Ly Node 3 F 0 5 Fy Lz Ly 0 5 Fy L4 Ly Node 4 F 0 5 Fy L4 Ly In general the force at any Node is F Sum Fy Lj Ly 1 Nj where i is the node number j is the element number Lj is the length of element j and Nj is the number of Nodes attached to element j As a check if you add the individual node for
18. of the steps in the mesh development process are recorded including blocking mesh size edge meshing boundary condition definition and final mesh generation The next step in the process is to make the parametric change in the geometry and then replay the recorded file on the changed geometry All steps in the mesh generation process are automated from this point Advantage of the Replay Function With the Replay option you may analyze more geometry variations thus obtaining more information on the critical design parameters This can yield optimal design recommendations within the project time limits Using Variables in the Replay Script You can use variables in the replay script as a means to parameterize edge parameters An example of the use of variables in a replay script is as follows variables set n 10 set hl 0 01 set rl 1 2 ic load tetin myfile tin ic hex surface blocking inherited swept min edge 0 0 ic geo new family SOLID ic hex twod to threed SOLID swept ic hex set mesh 19 18 n n hl hl1 h2rel 0 0 r1 rl1 r2 2 Imax 0 default unlocked ic hex create mesh SURFS SOLID proj 2 dim to mesh 3 ic hex write file hex uns SURFS SOLID proj 2 dim to mesh 3 family boco family boco fbc ic uns load hex uns 3 0 2 The variables for the edge parameters are set at the top of the replay file Within the script the in dicates a variable To parameterize the edge parameters you may update the variables at the top of
19. you are operating in Dynamic Mode ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 7 Introduction to ANSYS ICEM CFD and the mouse is used to manipulate the graphical model display See MouseBindings Spaceball in the Help manual The Data Entry Zone DEZ Clicking on a Function Tab brings its action icons to the fore front Clicking on any of these icons will activate the associated Data Entry Zone DEZ The DEZ provides access to the controls and parameters associated with a particular operation The controls utilized by the DEZ are described here Button Compute params A button is used to perform a function indicated by the button label Check Box V Smooth mesh A check box is used to enable disable an item or action indicated by the check box label Radio Buttons Method Update All Keep Distributions Keep Counts Curve gt Edge bunching Radio buttons are a set of check boxes with the condition that only one can be enabled at a time When you click the left mouse button on a radio button it will be enabled while all others will be disabled Drop Down List Mesh type Quad Dominant v All Quad A drop down list is a hidden single selection list that shows only the current selection Click the arrow button to display the list Text Entry Name CURVE oo Text entries allow you to
20. CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in 66 formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates Interface Differences in the Data Integrated ICEM CFD Interface Differences in the Data Integrated ICEM CFD The data integrated ICEM CFD interface has been modified to provide additional functionality that en hances the integration of ICEM CFD and Workbench One click menus that enable you to control basic project and Replay Recording functions Note If you create Workbench Input Parameters and want to step through the script line by line or using a line range you must open the Workbench Replay Control dialog from this menu The Workbench Replay Control dialog enables you to test and edit Replay scripts created within Workbench You can ensure that you are working within the data integrated environment by checking the Message window within ICEM CFD The first line identifies that the application is integrated in the Workbench Framework ICEM CFD 14 5 in Workbench 2 0 Framework Checked out ansyslmd feature aienv product ANSYS ICEM CFD from server 1055 pghlnslicense Loading project settings file ICM pr Loading geometry file ICM tin Current Coordinate system is global Loading domain ICM uns Loading family boco data from ICM fbc Current Coordinate system is global One Click Menus geem The following one click menu options are available in the
21. ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 3 Introduction to ANSYS ICEM CFD are automated and made available at the touch of a button Blocks can be built and interactively adjusted to the underlying CAD geometry This blocking can be used as a template for other similar geometries for full parametric capabilities Complex topologies such as internal or external O grids can also be generated automatically Prism ANSYS ICEM CFD Prism generates hybrid tetrahedral grids consisting of layers of prism elements near the boundary surfaces and tetrahedral elements in the interior for better modeling of near wall physics of the flow field Compared to pure tetrahedral grids this results in smaller analysis models better convergence of the solution and better analysis results Hybrid Meshes The following types of hybrid meshes can be created Tetra and Hexa meshes can be united merged at a common interface in which a layer of pyramids is automatically created at a common interface to make the two mesh types conformal These meshes are suitable for models where it is preferred to have a structured hexa mesh in one part and is easier to create an unstructured tetra mesh in another more complex part Hexa Core meshes can be generated where the majority of the volume is filled with a Cartesian array of hexahedral elements essenti
22. Introduction Hexa represents a new approach to hexahedral mesh generation The block topology model is generated directly on the underlying CAD geometry Within an easy to use interface those operations most often performed by experts are readily accessible through automated features There is access to two types of entities during the mesh generation process in Hexa block topology and geometry After interactively creating a 3 D block topology model equivalent to the geometry the block topology may be further refined through the splitting of edges faces and blocks In addition there are tools for moving the block vertices either individually or in groups onto associated curves or CAD surfaces You may also associate specific block edges with important CAD curves to capture important geometric features in the mesh Moreover for models where you can take advantage of symmetry conditions topology transformations such as translate rotate mirror and scaling are available The simplified block topology concept allows rapid generation and manipulation of the block structure and ultimately rapid generation of the hexahedral meshes Hexa provides a projection based mesh generation environment where by default all block faces between different materials are projected to the closest CAD surfaces Block faces within the same material may also be associated to specific CAD surfaces to allow for definition of internal walls In general there is no
23. MPONENT enhn nh enin hn Ro ER ARE YR RA RE NR ER RENE MER EREE EEEE KEER REE 63 Updating ICEM CFD Projects 5 uota rer ineine ATO Xp e sam ip EE OI RE EG cate Qr oerte AE GN 64 Interface Differences in the Data Integrated ICEM CFD eesseeeeeeeeeeeeee eene eene nnne 67 OneClick MENUS sd ax nap dation aan ezy bapa ck outa ze Sup ence aeai e k a ba db UA A ae Sa Ese us an eee frais 67 ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in iv formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates User s Manual Workbench Replay Control Dialog scacssica erp ate a reae bna oe EAE eon tuntaamlserounaueteeuwcioanens 68 Setting Parameters 5 rer er ee ea iere oaa ce poer ege ceste petes ptg eet eaaet ee eto tes aaepe ose p Pea ia eges 69 Setting INPUT Par mietets oor error nre eer Re sr RE YR VY ERR E Y ENEO EENE TE Vu RES 70 Setting Parameters for All Existing Curves Surfaces or Edges csessssccecceeeeseessnneeeceeeeeseeessnneees 72 Setting Workbench Mesh Parameters for Parts ccccccccsssssssscecececesssessnneeeceeeeceseessenseeeeeeeeseeensnaaes 72 Setting Parameters for Prism MESHING pag PSOE E FERE A MER UTEREAETEDAR MEA owes VET RRRT RPANRE 73 Setting User Defined Input Parameters iier re tree earth retenta ea Presa a aaepe ae Y ERR Reto a edv ad 73 Setting Qutput Parameters sosa 3 9 2 oreet dete ret t eer HON I E eert
24. S Md Less adu as 45 Applying the Periodic Relationship ccccccccscssssssneccececeessessnnaeeeeeceesseeesnneeeeeeeeeseeeeenaaeeeeeeseeeees 45 Pres Mesh Quality 2i nri s Rn AA NE RAM EE OM OR EM OUO Mie Cage WE UO Haa Sa M Vat at cA EC IR MURS 46 Bie Em 46 ANE Tc 46 VOUM E uds dont cates bt a ed Silva ou eee e rk rl a veri E n der ue Galea halon ERES ante CRURA aea 46 MI EIfor o lem c LE 46 Most Important Features of Hexa cccesssssecccceeesesesneeeeececeeseessnsaeeceeeeeseeessaeeeeeeeeeeeeesnaaeeeeeeseeseeeeaaeas 47 Properties enm re erdt tesa eek Ce PR de Dod obe Ene Te Ere ducted EAT Pel Eo ERR ce Yt de E AEREE 49 Create Material Propeltys o cocer ree et ente eene Ue demere b abet tu erg eR ne eater ICON Gt rad 49 EL NGC ct A 49 Open Material eter coves her tete aee e erede era Pese ede eure EEREN E yo eese ee eret gue eset ee aeuo e ene erdt esee 49 Define Table suadeo tetsctovad tue dept aude apa uae ricetta d dep la a wi Aaya DE RM RARI E e EA aet 49 Define Element Properties orere a eean e AARRE EEEIEE ea EENT ESEE Eae A NEES aa EEA E a Eai 49 Constrai ts ooo eodein er e Ren ene ne e bur ee Go Os use enart deea Satake Or OE Ya d 51 Create Constraint Displacement cccccccessssssnnececcccesssessnseeeeeceecesseensaeeeeeeceseseesnaeeeeeseceseeessnaaeeeeeeess 51 BUSTING Contac Ecouter Abate i te halte ditt NR NND Se een EE ea een NOCH UD ew Sas reheat RE R 51 Define Single S
25. SYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates Prism Mesh Tetra meshing is not efficient for capturing shear or boundary layer physics Prism mesh efficiently captures these effects near the surface while maintaining the ease and automation of Tetra mesh Prism has always been necessary for CFD customers but now that the option is more widely available many other branches of CAE have started using prisms to better resolve the physics perpendicular to the surfaces of their models With ANSYS ICEM CFD Prism and Tetra generation is automatic and intelligent The spacing of the prism layers to capture the Y for Navier Stokes mesh is the primary concern The rate of volume change between cells is also important Calculations are done between nodes or elements and Prism mesh gives you more elements perpendicular to the surface This is an efficient way to achieve better resolution more calculations per unit distance of the solution normal to the surface without increasing the number of elements along the surface This gives you a quicker and more accurate solution than can be achieved with a very fine tetra mesh The height and direction of the prism layer extrusion are calculated on an element by element basis and may vary due to global or local controls or for improved quality You may choose to set the initial height number of layers and growth ratio which are then used to determine the Prism height limit factor Or you may prefer to
26. Surface Editing Tools There are tools available under the Edit Mesh menu for interactive mesh editing where nodes can be moved on the underlying CAD surfaces merged or even deleted Individual triangles of the mesh can be subdivided or tagged with different names You can perform quality checks as well as local smoothing ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 27 Tetra Meshing Diagnostic tools for surface meshes allow you to fill holes easily in the surface mesh Also there are tools for the detection of overlapping triangles and non manifold vertices as well as detection of single multiple edge and duplicate elements Check Mesh Check the validity of the mesh using Edit Mesh gt Check Mesh You can opt to use the Create subsets option for each of the problems so that they can be fixed later or can opt to use the Check fix each option to check and fix each one of them Using subset manipu lation and mesh editing techniques you can diagnose the problem and resolve it through merging nodes splitting edges swapping edges delete create elements etc For ease of use when working with subsets it is usually helpful to add elements to the subset in order to see what is happening around the problem elements To do this right click on the Subset name in the Display tree and then add layers of elements to the s
27. Toolbar when you open ICEM CFD from Workbench Save Project Saves the entire project including Workbench data Refresh Project Refreshes the upstream data in the ICEM CFD project Update Project Brings the entire ICEM CFD system up to the most current status including upstream and downstream data Start Replay Recording Begins recording the commands needed to generate a custom meshing process All of the steps in the mesh development process are recorded including blocking mesh size edge meshing boundary condition definition and final mesh generation See Replay Functionality in the ANSYS ICEM CFD User s Manual After you click the Start Replay Recording Icon the icon changes to the Stop Replay Recording icon You can click this icon to stop recording You can also click on the arrow to choose Pause Replay Recording Run Replay File Delete Replay File and Replay Control which opens the Workbench Replay Control dialog ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 67 Workbench Integration r1 Start Replay Recording ll Pause Replay Recording B Stop Replay Recordina P Run Replay Recording X Delete Replay File Workbench Replay Control Note If you create Workbench Input Parameters and want to step line by line or using a line range through a replay file you must use the
28. aae pham 4 Generating the Input for the Solver a coenasiertinvk ko tease ec er C e en re bague e COLERE TRY ORE TR 5 The ANSYS ICEM CED GUI sisse dote a SH Fox sans OY SPARE ER NGHE ta RU EON A RR RE RENI INE Ma eR MEER Dope A PARE dl 5 Using the hHelpSysbels udo Heec pis cr pr khe eri a OH UR A Vr E eit kal ddpe to Vb RERO oU relies UN 9 CAD Repair mudado a r eh eie a A a eettse ree eet ae eh ae evokes Fade eed eed eds 13 ar rc aerees 13 Remove Holes RE 14 Fill Trim and Blend in Stitch Match Edges ccccccccccssssssnneceeceeeseeesnneeceeeeeceseessnaeeeeeceeseeecsnnaeeeeeeeeeeeees 15 Match in Stitch Match Edges 5 ice tree richtete eti eie eta e ee tile erae n ae EE Eee aI EEEa Sst aea aSr EiS 16 Tetra Meshing o re ER esent eo esau natal oc cab rocks aves de cal aene repel saa aad eve davai eres eoe desde 19 leuiroreltfeilc teen cctv atin tietertistitien Guta teeta nen tea eae a a ees 19 Tetra MeshiGeneration iiic ettet ei E ee esee de a ened dn th i ded Sb ea 19 INPUL TOT Ctra voe MR E 20 lucernis 20 Repairing the Geometry 5 pc nre tec Re bra an us s dp anii REY E Sor pav irae Foie 21 Geometry Details Regulled asise irere ii e on estem eccl dipped o di ea eto rd Ea 21 Sizes OM Surfaces and CUEVeS i iee iere genio ete ce seno ede dense areae doe ehe T esskae Ped uo SU dope aae Pea en Tap E 22 Meshing Inside Small Angles or in Small Gaps Between Objects
29. ains Enforcement of mesh periodicity both rotational and translational Surface mesh editing and diagnostic tools Local adaptive mesh refinement and coarsening ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 19 Tetra Meshing One consistent mesh for multiple materials Fast algorithm 1500 elements second Automatic detection of holes and easy way to repair the mesh For more details go to Run Tetra The Octree Approach Input to Tetra The following are possible inputs to the Tetra mesher Sets of B Spline curves and trimmed B Spline surfaces with prescribed points Triangular surface meshes as geometry definition Full partial surface meshes B Spline Curves and Surfaces When the input is a set of B Spline curves and surfaces with prescribed points the mesher approximates the surface and curves with triangles and edges respectively and then projects the vertices onto the prescribed points The B Spline curves allow the Tetra mesher to follow discontinuities in surfaces If no curves are specified at a surface boundary the Tetra mesher will mesh triangles freely over the surface edge Similarly prescribed points allow the mesher to recognize sharp corners in the geometry ANSYS ICEM CFD provides tools Build Topology to extract points and curves to define sharp features in the surface mode
30. ally replacing the tetras This is connected to the remainder of a prism tetra hybrid by automatic creation of pyramids Hexa Core allows for reduction in number of elements for quicker solver run time and better convergence Shell Meshing ANSYS ICEM CFD provides a method for rapid generation of surface meshes quad and tri both 3D and 2D Mesh types can be All Tri Quad w one Tri Quad Dominant or All Quad The following methods are available Mapped based shell meshing Autoblock Internally uses a series of 2D blocks resulting in a mesh better lined up with geometry curvature Patch based shell meshing Patch Dependent Uses a series of loops which are automatically defined by the boundaries of surfaces and or a series of curves This method gives the best quad dominant quality and capturing of surface details Patch independent shell meshing Patch Independent Uses the Octree method This is the best and most robust method for unclean geometry Shrinkwrap Used for quick generation of mesh As it is used as the preview of the mesh hard features are not captured Checking Editing the Mesh The mesh editing tools in ANSYS ICEM CFD allow you to diagnose and fix problems in the mesh You can also improve the mesh quality A number of manual and automatic tools are available for operations such as conversion of element types refining or coarsening the mesh smoothing the mesh etc The process typically involves the fo
31. anical APDL and FE Modeler m A v 8 c hd D NEN E NRILLEN ENT 2 Gomery v 2 Engineering Dee 4 9 erm 28 5o P 3 9 Mesh Nd roe v ICEM CFD 3 Qj Sokin P Mesh Mechanical Mode v G 1 ICEM CFD 2 we F ICEM CFD Sup T Sokoa P Ress P crx 1 1 Mechanical APDL 2 x1 Analysis TA Mechanical APOL The additional features available through the ICEM CFD add in are described in the following sections Elements of the ICEM CFD Component p 62 Creating an ICEM CFD Component p 63 Updating ICEM CFD Projects p 64 Interface Differences in the Data Integrated ICEM CFD p 67 Setting Parameters p 69 User Defined Parameters Example p 75 ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 61 Workbench Integration Elements of the ICEM CFD Component gt 3 pd Parameters ICEM CFD pJ Parameter Set The ICEM CFD Component system contains the following cells ICEM CFD system header The System Header identifies the component type and provides access to Workbench context menu options The ICEM CFD system header context menu options include Refresh Update Duplicate Delete Rename Properties Add Edit Note These standard actions are described in the System Header Context Menu Options and Duplicating Moving Deleting and Re
32. ation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates N sz 1 6 4 1 And finally the Shape function for the Middle Node load distribution is N E 1 6 1 0 Suppose a Force F is uniformly distributed over the whole Area Then the pressure is P F 4 Because in the coordinate system the area of the surface is 4 To find the Consistent Load at each Node we must integrate the Shape function over the surface area Consistent Load at Node 1 L _p 5 enm 4P L P z ify iNd dn T Consistent Load at Node 5 Ls 1 peel 4P L P fe ily Nd dn 5 Consistent Load at Node 9 Lg 1 quel 16P L zP Jz Lab 1Nod dn Now F 4 P Substituting this value in the above equations we get the Consistent Load as L F 36 L F 9 By symmetry the Consistent Load on all corner nodes N N gt N3 and N are equal Similarly the Consistent Load on all mid side nodes Nz Ng Nz and Ng are equal As with the Linear and Quadratic distributions a check against the Total can be performed The sum of the Consistent Loads 4 Lj 4 L5 Lo F 9 4F 9 4F 9 ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 57 Note A similar process for calculating the Consistent Load on a QUAD8 element load distribution is available Again the output file is gene
33. ces Fg F4 F F F4 then the result equals Fy By Mesh Elements You may also apply loads directly to the elements select the elements directly rather than the geometry entities This may occur for example if you don t have the geometry in a particular model or area of a model In this case the load is distributed element by element using a Quadratic distribution as shown ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in 54 formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates Figure 30 Force on Elements with mid side nodes V 0 mi 1 m2 2 m3 3 ma 4 o ___o__o___o__ ___e ___e___ _e Ly L L3 La Node numbers and element lengths are defined as before In addition each element has a mid side node labelled m m and so on The Quadratic Load distribution as per FEA concepts on an element by element basis is shown in Fig ure 31 Quadratic Load Distribution p 55 Figure 31 Quadratic Load Distribution 2 3 Fr La Lr 1 6 Fr L Lr 1 6 Fr Li L 0 m 1 Ly 2 3 Fi L Lr 1 6 F Ly Lr 6 F Lo Ls Y i 4 9 9 1 m2 2 L2 2 3 Fr L3 Lr 1 6 Fz Ls Lr 1 6 Fy L3 Ly i Y 4 9 9 2 ms 3 Ls 2 3 Fr La Lr 1 6 Fz Li Lr 1 6 Fr La Ly Y Y 3 ma 4 La The distribution of the Total Force Fy at the boundary nodes is as follows Node 0 Foq 1 6 Fr x L Ly Nod
34. ch category can be enabled or disabled by selecting the check box If the check mark is faded some of the sub categories are enabled and some disabled Each category can be expanded or collapsed by selecting the or symbol respectively Since some functions are performed only on the entities shown the tree is an important feature to use when isolating the particular entities to be modified Use the right mouse button on a category or type to reveal several display and modification options Full details are available in the Display Tree section of the Help Manual Function Tabs The Function Tabs across the top of the GUI window allow you to access the main functionality for the entire grid generation process The function tabs are laid out from left to right in the order of a typical meshing process Geometry Mesh Blocking Edit Mesh Properties Constraints Loads Solve Options and Output Full details for each tab are available in the Help Manual Selection Toolbar The Selection Toolbar contains icons for the tools and filters applicable to your current function as identified in the Data Entry Zone Some tools and filters are linked to the hotkeys available in the par ticular selection mode Full details are available in the Selection Options section of the Help Manual If a Selection Toolbar is present you are operating in Selection Mode and the mouse is used to identify locations or entities If there is no Selection Toolbar
35. e 1 Fq 1 6 Fy Ly Ly 1 6 Fy L5 Ly ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 55 Loads Node 2 F 1 6 Fy L Ly 1 6 Fy L3 Ly Node 3 F3 1 6 Fy L3 Ly 1 6 Fy L4 Ly Node 4 F4 1 6 Fr L4 Ly And the distribution at mid side nodes is Node m Fm1 2 3 Fr L Ly Node m3 Fm2 2 3 Fr L Ly Node m Fm3 2 3 Fr L3 Ly Node m Fm4 2 3 Fr L4 Ly As in the previous case of linear distribution you can check the total Force by adding the individual nodal forces By Surface If you choose to set a load on a surface entity then the load distribution follows the Nine Node Two Dimension Lagrange distribution See the Figure 32 QUAD 9 Element p 56 for an illustration Figure 32 QUAD 9 Element Nine nodes are identified N N at the corners N5 Ng at the mid sides and Ng in the middle The symbols and define a local coordinate system for the development of the load distribution and vary from 1 to 1 over the surface of the element The Shape function for the distribution at a Corner Node is N a eee At a Mid Side Node the Shape function for the distribution is ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in 56 form
36. e E e depn 74 Setting Output Parameters saraso tro encre cte re cede aed e VR EE EEEE a AE 74 Deleting Output Parameters eice eere enda e E CH RR Ob AN Ee ev ena te RE edP REN Ee Ua orpa 75 User Defined Parameters Example c cccccccccssssessnnececeecesseeesnneceeeecceseessnaeeeeeeceeseeessnaaeeeeeeeeeeeenenaaees 75 ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates v vi ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates Introduction to ANSYS ICEM CFD ANSYS ICEM CFD provides advanced geometry acquisition mesh generation and mesh optimization tools to meet the requirement for integrated mesh generation for today s sophisticated analyses Maintaining a close relationship with the geometry during mesh generation ANSYS ICEM CFD is used especially in engineering applications such as computational fluid dynamics and structural analysis ANSYS ICEM CFD s mesh generation tools offer the capability to parametrically create meshes from geometry in numerous formats Multiblock structured Unstructured hexahedral Unstructured tetrahedral Cartesian with H grid refinement Hybrid meshes comprising hexahedral tetrahedral pyramidal and or prismatic elements Quadrilateral and triangula
37. e constraints can sometimes improve mesh transitioning Figure 26 Hexa Block Types Mapped Structured i j k are mapped i jare mapped k im M Free Unstructured All edges are All edges are free free from mapping from mapping Split The Split function which divides the selected block interactively may be applied across the entire block or to an individual face or edge of a block by using the Split face or Split edge options respectively Blocks may be isolated using the Index control Merge The Merge function works similar to split blocks one can either merge the whole block or merge only a face or an edge of the block While some models require a high degree of blocking skill to generate the block topology the block topology tools in Hexa allow you to quickly become proficient in generating a complex block model Automatic O grid generation Generating O grids is a very powerful and quick technique used to achieve a quality mesh to model geometry when the you desire a circular or O type mesh either around a localized geometric feature or globally around an object This process would not have been possible without the presence of O grids ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 41 Hexa Using the Automatic O grid The O grid creation capability is simply the modification of a single bloc
38. e geometry is changed Transfer Data to New Enables the transfer of data from an ICEM CFD project to downstream data in tegrated system projects such as gt Fluent gt CFX gt FE Modeler gt Polyflow gt Mechanical APDL Update Refresh Reset Rename Properties and Add Edit Note These standard actions are described in System Header Context Menu Options and Duplicating Moving Deleting and Replacing Systems sections of the Workbench User s Guide An additional property is Create Subset s from Named Selection If this option is set then overlapping named selections are transferred to multiple subsets instead of to exclusive parts This enables the creation of geometry subsets instead of parts allowing you to decide which part the geometry entity point curve surface should be associated to When this option is disabled each geometry is assigned to only one part thereby losing association with other Named Selections which are mapped to parts Parameters cell optional The Parameters Cell enables you to see and edit Input and Output parameters for ICEM CFD Creating an ICEM CFD Component You can create an ICEM CFD component system in Workbench using any of these methods Double click the ICEM CFD system template in the Toolbox Drag and drop the ICEM CFD system template onto the Project Schematic Right click on a Geometry or Mesh project and select Transfer Data to New ICEM CFD Choose File gt Import
39. e internal angle check If the elements are distorted and the internal angles are small the accuracy of the solution will decrease It is always wise to check with the solver provider to obtain limits for the internal angle threshold Volume The Volume check will compute the internal volume of the elements in the model The units of the volume will be displayed in the unit that was used to create the model Warpage The Warpage check will yield a histogram that indicates the level of element distortion Nodes that are in plane with one another will produce an element with small warpage Nodes that make elements twisted or distorted will increase a element s distortion giving a high degree of warpage The y axis is the scale for the number of elements represented in the histogram a value determined by the assigned ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in 46 formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates Most Important Features of Hexa Height The x axis which ranges from a Min of 0 to a Max of 90 is the degree of warpage that an element experiences Most Important Features of Hexa Hexa has emerged as the quickest and most comprehensive software for generating large highly accurate 3D geometry based hexahedral meshes Now in the latest version of Hexa it is also possible to generate 3D surface meshes with the same speed and flexibility CAD and
40. eatures in Tetra The following sections describe important features of tetra meshing Curvature Proximity Based Refinement Tetrahedral Mesh Smoother Tetrahedral Mesh Coarsener Triangular Surface Mesh Smoother Triangular Surface Mesh Coarsener Triangular Surface Editing Tools Check Mesh Smooth Mesh Globally Quality Metrics ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in 26 formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates Important Features in Tetra Advanced Options for Smoothing Mesh Curvature Proximity Based Refinement If the maximum tetrahedral size defined on a surface is larger than needed to resolve the feature you can employ Curvature Proximity Based Refinement to automatically subdivide the mesh to capture the feature The value specified is proportional to the global scale factor and is the smallest size to be achieved through automatic element subdivision Even with large sizes specified on the surfaces the features can be captured automatically The Curvature Proximity Based Refinement value is the minimum element size to be achieved via automatic subdivision If the maximum size on a geometry entity is smaller than the Curvature Prox imity Based Refinement value the Tetra mesher will still subdivide to meet that requested size The effect is a geometry based adaptation of the mesh Tetrahedral Mesh Smoother In smoothing the mesh the tetrahedral
41. ect the check box next to the parameter you want as the input parameter 6 Click the Yes button in the pop up dialog to confirm the selection AP in the check box indicates that the parameter for the single surface curve or edge has been created for Workbench ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 71 Workbench Integration Setting Parameters for All Existing Curves Surfaces or Edges 1 Within ICEM CFD open the Surface Mesh Setup Curve Mesh Setup or Edge Params parameters from the Tab menu Leave the Surface curve or edge selection field empty do not select any surface curve or edge Select the check box next to the parameter you want as the input parameter Click the Yes button in the pop up dialog to confirm the selection AP in the check box indicates that the parameter for all existing surfaces curves or edges has been created for Workbench Setting Workbench Mesh Parameters for Parts The Part Mesh Setup parameters enable you to specify the mesh parameters for different parts of a geometry Part Mesh Setup is described in the ANSYS ICEM CFD Help Manual To create a Workbench mesh parameter for a part ale 2 Click the Mesh tab Click the Part Mesh Setup icon In the Part Mesh Setup dialog choose a part and assign non zero values to one or more of its paramet ers Click in the
42. edge parameter settings Additional tools such as Linked Bunching and the multiple Copy buttons provide you with the ability to apply the specified edge bunching parameters quickly to the entire model Smoothing Techniques In Hexa both the block topology and the mesh may be smoothed to improve the overall block mesh quality either in a certain region or for the entire model The block topology may be smoothed to improve the block shape prior to mesh generation This reduces the time required for development of the block topology model The geometry and its associative surfaces curves and points are all constraints when smoothing the block topology model Once the block topology smoothing has been performed you may smooth the mesh after specifying the proper edge bunching parameters The quality criteria for smoothing are described in the Help Manual under Blocking gt Pre Mesh Quality Refinement and Coarsening The refinement function which is found through Blocking gt Pre Mesh Params gt Refinement can be modified to achieve either a refined or a coarsened result The refinement coarsening may be applied in all three major directions simultaneously or they may be applied in just one major direction Refinement The refinement capability is used for solvers that accept non conformal node matching at the block boundaries The refinement capability is used to minimize the model size while achieving proper mesh definition in crit
43. ements By clicking on any of the histogram bars with the left button you may determine where in the model these elements are located The selected histogram bars will be highlighted by a change in color After selecting the bar s the Show option is selected to highlight the elements in this range If the Solid option is enabled the elements marked in the histogram bars will be displayed with solid shading Some of the quality metrics are explained below Determinant Angle Volume Warpage Determinant The Determinant check computes the deformation of the elements in the mesh by first calculating of the Jacobian of each hexahedron and then normalizing the determinant of the matrix A value of 1 represents a perfect hexahedral cube while a value of 0 is a totally inverted cube with a negative volume The mesh quality measured on the x axis of all elements will be in the range from 0 to1 If the determ inant value of an element is 0 the cube has one or more degenerated edges In general determinant values above 0 3 are acceptable for most solvers The subdivision across the quality range is determined by the number of assigned Bars The y axis measures the number of elements that are represented in the histogram This scale ranges from 0 to a value that is indicated by the Height Angle The Angle option checks the maximum internal angle deviation from 90 degrees for each elements Various solvers have different tolerance limits for th
44. env_options file so it is always available in GUI or Batch mode Setting Parameters for Prism Meshing You can add prism meshing parameters using the Part Mesh Setup dialog 1 Click the Mesh tab 2 Click the Part Mesh Setup icon 3 n the Part Mesh Setup dialog choose a part and check the check box in the Prism column 4 Click in the Parameter column for the part 5 A dialog asks you to confirm that you want to create a Workbench parameter for Part PARTNAME Prism Note If any Workbench parameters are already set for the part a dialog will ask if you want to delete that Workbench parameter Setting User Defined Input Parameters Setting User Defined Input Parameters allows for greater flexibility and control over the meshing oper ation For example parameters that can not be applied as single input parameters may be individually set with User Defined Input Parameters 1 Within ICEM CFD choose Settings Workbench Parameters Workbench Input Parameters User defined 2 In the User Defined Workbench Input Parameters window check the Create User Defined Input Parameter check box 3 Enter a value for the Parameter name for example MY PARAMETER 4 Enter a value for the Parameter for example 1 343 This value must not be empty 5 Click Apply or OK You can edit this value in the Outline of Schematic Parameters window Note See the ANSYS ICEM CFD Programmer s Guide for information about using Use
45. es a JL ec 4 1 Special Considerations for Doom Han Full instructions for navigating the ANSYS Help Viewer are accessed by expanding the Using Help hierarchy in the Viewer ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 11 Introduction to ANSYS ICEM CFD Figure 5 Using the Help Viewer OOA m ANSYS Inc Release Notes Workbench amat Using Help t Autodyn Using Help Aqwa Abstract CAD Integration CFD Post CFX Welcome to the ANSYS Help Viewer Help The DesignModeler User s Guide help d icd s FE Modeler User s Guide using the Help Viewer including information on GN navigating through the Help Viewer using the Icepak o search functions and correcting any errors you Pasar gen a may encounter Mechanical APDL Meshing User s Guide nie RSM Table of Contents TurboGrid TurboSystem d Installation and Licensing J Using Help 1 1 Tabs 1 2 Tree View Navigation 1 2 1 Selecting a Page 1 2 2 Navigating Between Sections eher 2 4 Setting up and 1 Navigation ing CCS ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in 12 formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates CAD Repair Before generating the mesh you should confirm that the geometry
46. h exporting laws warranties disclaimers limitations of liability and remedies and other provisions The software products and documentation may be used disclosed transferred or copied only in accordance with the terms and conditions of that software license agreement ANSYS Inc is certified to ISO 9001 2008 U S Government Rights For U S Government users except as specifically granted by the ANSYS Inc software license agreement the use duplication or disclosure by the United States Government is subject to restrictions stated in the ANSYS Inc software license agreement and FAR 12 212 for non DOD licenses Third Party Software See the legal information in the product help files for the complete Legal Notice for ANSYS proprietary software and third party software If you are unable to access the Legal Notice please contact ANSYS Inc Published in the U S A Table of Contents Introduction to ANSYS ICEM CFD e irre teo eee eene eee ae epu eva ed ea aee eben Peres ae atvedsvteaviaaadiesbawests 1 ONIE uere RR ch E E E E A aaneved chiar ec E E teed dines eals 1 OPENING CreatinG a Project resa tote tede paese egeta eaae papa EEEE EES E E Ea A EiS 2 Creating Manipulating the Geometry siiis ener reri eren Vb ed ien Ey eg Ra e euh 3 Creating the GS IN usus quosetipnisvaireiietiedicep tese elspa eat a es ensuing Bea Ru DRE 3 CheckiligzEditig He MOS uae vod aedis p RO ER rage mule dona du Rs ai vr tra apr
47. he Create Table option allows you to create your material property empirically by entering values for x and y You may even visualize the graph of the property Define Element Properties These options allow you to apply your material properties to their respective elements Different types of elements that can be defined include Point Line Shell and Volume After choosing the part the various properties are applied to its elements ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 49 50 ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates Constraints From the Constraints tab you can define the motion restrictions on different entities such as points curves surfaces or subsets as well as define other options such as Contact definition Velocity and Rigid Wall Create Constraint Displacement Define Contact Define Single Surface Contact Define Initial Velocity Define Planar Rigid wall Create Constraint Displacement This option allows you to apply a directional or rotational constraint on an entity in any direction Define Contact This option allows you to define contacts by Automatic Detection or Manual Definition Define Single Surface Contact This is mainly used for LS DYNA S
48. he Edit button Edit Line 16 or whichever line is appropriate ic vid objectbox8 GEOM 00 00 0 1 1 1 to ic vid object box8 GEOM 00 0 0 0 1 1 ic wb2 get parameter user defined ZSIZE Choose File gt Save Close the Edit window Click the Save button and save ICM rpl Click the Done button Do not close ICEM CFD 76 ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates User Defined Parameters Example r Replay control in Workbench 2 0 Framework Operations in script 1 Replay file ICEM CFD 15 0 in Workbench 2 0 Framework 2 unloading geometry 3 ic unload tetin 4 ic empty tetin 5 unloading mesh B ic unload mesh 7 unloading blocking 8 ic hex unload blocking 3 delete empty parts 10 ic delete empty parts 11 ic set global geo cad 0 toptol userset 12 ic set global geo cad 0 0 toler 13 ic undo aroup begin 14 ic geo new family GEOM 15 ic boco set part color GEOM 16 ic_vid_object box8 GEOM 00 0 0 0 11 ic_wb2_get_parameter user_defined ZSIZE 17 ic set global geo cad 0 toptol_userset 18 ic set global geo cad 0 0003 toler 18 ic set dormant pickable point 0 20 ic set dormant pickable curve 0 21 ic undo group end 22 ic set global geo cad 0 0009 toler 23 ic undo group begin 24 ic set meshing params global 0 gmax 0 045 25
49. he vertices of these edges also blue can be moved by selecting the edge just before it and can be dragged on that edge Green Edges and Vertices These edges and the associated vertices are being projected to curves The vertices can be moved only on the curve s to which they are being projected Red Vertices These vertices are projected to prescribed points ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in 40 formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates Automatic O grid generation Hexa Block Types When blocking a model it is important to note that the block type affects many operations within Hexa and the entire approach to mesh generation For example if you split a model with mapped blocks the split will propagate through faces that have a mapped relationship on the opposite side For free blocks a split will terminate at the free face Similarly if you set edge parameters on a mapped face edge opposite edges will have a similar number of nodes If however that edge is attached to a free face the number of nodes on the opposite side will not be adjusted Using this free mapped relationship you can shape the blocking and resulting mesh The ability to convert blocks from free to mapped or vice versa imposes constraints on the blocking and resulting mesh By imposing more constraints you can enforce a greater number of hexa elements while reducing th
50. ic save tetin temp tetra tin 26 ic run tetra temp tetra tin tetra_mesh uns run cutter 1 delete auto 1 run smoother D fix holes 1 n processors 27 ic set meshing params global 0 gmax 0 28 ic geo set modified 1 BE V Record after current All commands Do one Do range Delete one Delete all Delete range Renumber Always update IV Ignore errors 6 Now you can change the Input parameter through Workbench a b C In the Workbench Project Schematic window double click on the Parameters cell of the ICEM CFD component Change the value of ZSIZE to 5 and choose Return to Project Right click on the Model cell and choose Update You can watch the Replay script run using the new parameter in the ICEM CFD interface Each time you change the ZSIZE parameter in Workbench will be generated and meshed with the new ZSIZE parameter value ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 77 78 ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates
51. ical areas of high gradients Entering a scale factor greater than 1 will result in refinement Coarsening In areas of the model where the flow characteristics are such that a coarser mesh definition is adequate coarsening of the mesh may be appropriate to contain model size Entering a scale factor less than 1 will result in coarsening Replay Functionality Parametric changes made to model geometry are easily applied through the use of Hexa s replay functionality found in File gt Replay Scripts Changes in length width and height of specific geometry features are categorized as parametric changes These changes do not however affect the block topology Therefore the Replay function is capable of automatically generating a topologically similar block model that can be used for the parametric changes in geometry If any of the Direct CAD Interfaces are used all geometric parameter changes are performed in the native CAD system ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in 44 formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates Periodicity You can also use variables in the replay script to parameterize edge parameters Refer to Using Variables in the Replay Script in the User s Guide for details Generating a Replay File The first step in generating a Replay file is to activate the recording of the commands needed to gen erate a custom meshing process All
52. ically created to capture certain key features in the geometry These curves and points will act as constraints for the mesher forcing nodes and edges of the elements to lie along them and thus capturing the feature Creating the Mesh The meshing modules available include the following Tetra The ANSYS ICEM CFD Tetra mesher takes full advantage of object oriented unstructured meshing technology With no tedious up front triangular surface meshing required to provide well balanced initial meshes ANSYS ICEM CFD Tetra works directly from the CAD surfaces and fills the volume with tetrahedral elements using the Octree approach A powerful smoothing algorithm provides the element quality Options are available to automatically refine and coarsen the mesh both on geometry and within the volume Also included are a Delaunay algorithm and an Advancing Front algorithm to create tetras from an existing surface mesh and also to give a smoother transition in the volume element size The Delaunay method is robust and fast the advantage of the Advancing Front method is its ability to generate a smoothly transitioning Tetra mesh with a controlled volume growth ratio Hexa The ANSYS ICEM CFD Hexa mesher is a semi automated meshing module which allows rapid gen eration of multi block structured or unstructured hexahedral volume meshes ICEM CFD Hexa rep resents a new approach to grid generation where the operations most often performed by experts ANSYS
53. ired In addition to a closed set of surfaces the Tetra mesher requires curves and points where hard features hard angles corners are to be captured in the mesh Figure 16 Curves and Points Representing Sharp Edges and Corners p 21 shows a set of curves and points representing hard features of the geometry Figure 16 Curves and Points Representing Sharp Edges and Corners Figure 17 Mesh with Curves and Points p 21 shows the resultant surface mesh if the curves and points are preserved in the geometry Mesh nodes are forced to lie along the curves and points to capture the hard features of the geometry Figure 17 Mesh with Curves and Points Figure 18 Mesh Without Curves and Points p 22 shows the resultant surface mesh if the curves and points are deleted from the geometry The hard features of the geometry are not preserved but rather ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 21 Tetra Meshing are neglected or chamfered The boundary mesh nodes lie on the surfaces but they will only lie on the edges of the surfaces if curves and points are present Removal of curves and points can be used as a geometry defeaturing tool Figure 18 Mesh Without Curves and Points Sizes on Surfaces and Curves To produce the optimal mesh it is essential that all surfaces and curves have the proper tetra size
54. is free of any flaws that would in hibit optimal mesh creation If you wish to save the changes in the native CAD files the following checks should be performed in a direct CAD interface To create a mesh the Tetra mesher requires that the model contains a closed volume If there are any holes gaps or missing surfaces in the geometry that are larger than the local tetras the Tetra mesher will be unable to find a closed volume Thus if you notice any holes in the model prior to mesh generation you should fix the surface data to eliminate these holes The Build Topology operation will find holes and gaps in the geometry It should display yellow curves where there are large in relation to a user specified tolerance gaps or missing surfaces During the Tetra process any leakage path indicating a hole or gap in the model will be indicated The problem can either be corrected on a mesh level or the geometry in that vicinity can be repaired and the meshing process repeated For further information on the process of interactively closing holes see the section Tetra Tetra Generation Steps Desired Mesh Region Close Holes You can use the Close Holes option if the hole is bounded by more than one surface For example in Figure 6 Hole Bounded by Multiple Surfaces p 13 the yellow curves represent the boundary of the hole It is clear that this hole is bounded by more than one surface Figure 6 Hole Bounded by Multiple Surfaces
55. k or blocks to a 5 sub block topology as shown below There are several variations of the basic O grid generation technique and the O grid shown below is created entirely inside the selected block Figure 27 Initial block Block with O Grid O Grid with Add Face Using the Add face option an O grid may be created such that the O grid passes through the selected block face s In Figure 27 Initial block Block with O Grid O Grid with Add Face p 42 the Add Face option was used on the last block to include one face on the block prior to generating the O grid Important Features of an O grid Generation of Orthogonal Mesh Lines at an Object Boundary The generation of the O grid is fully automatic and you simply select the blocks needed for O grid generation The O grid is then generated either inside or outside the selected blocks The O grid may be fully contained within its selected region or it may pass through any of the selected block faces Rescaling an O grid After Generation When the O grid is generated its size is scaled based upon a factor in the Blocking gt O grid parameter window The Re scale O grid option allows you to re scale the previously generated O grid If a value less than 1 is assigned the resulting O grid will be smaller than the original Conversely a value larger than 1 will result in a larger O grid ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in 42 fo
56. l Triangular Surface Meshes as Geometry Definition Prescribed curves and points can also be extracted from triangulated surface geometry This could be stereolithography STL data or a surface mesh converted to faceted geometry Though the nodes of the Tetra generated mesh will not exactly match the nodes of the given triangulated geometry they will follow the overall shape A geometry for meshing can contain both faceted and B Spline geometry Full Partial Surface Mesh Existing surface mesh for all or part of the geometry can be specified as input to the Tetra mesher The final mesh will then be consistent with and connected to the existing mesh nodes Tetra Generation Steps The steps involved in generating a Tetra mesh are Repairing cleaning up the geometry Specifying geometry details Specifying sizes on surfaces curves Meshing inside small angles or in small gaps between objects ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in 20 formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates Tetra Generation Steps Desired mesh region Computing the mesh Checking the mesh for errors Editing the mesh to correct any errors Smoothing the mesh to improve quality The mesh is then ready to apply loads boundary conditions etc and for writing to the desired solver Repairing the Geometry Refer to the CAD Repair section Geometry Details Requ
57. l Mesh Auto Volume Mesh View Edit Mesh Solver Setup Output to Solver Opening Creating a Project All the files required for a particular analysis are contained within a Project You can either open an existing project or create a new project The Project directory typically contains one or more of the following file types Tetin tin contains geometry entities material points part association and global and entity mesh sizes Project Settings prj contains the project settings Domain uns contains the unstructured mesh Blocking blIk contains the blocking topology Boundary Conditions fbc contains boundary conditions Attributes atr contains attributes local parameters and element types Parameters par contains model parameters and element types ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in 2 formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates Overall Process Journal jrf contains a record of operations performed echo file Replay rpl contains the replay script Creating Manipulating the Geometry ANSYS ICEM CFD includes a wide range of tools for creating new and or manipulating existing geometry You can either alter complex geometry or create simple geometry without having to go back to the original CAD This can be done for CAD NURBS surfaces and triangulated surface data The ANSYS ICEM CFD Direct
58. llowing 1 Check the mesh for problems such as holes gaps overlapping elements using the diagnostic checks available Fix the problems using the appropriate automatic or manual repair methods 2 Check the elements for bad quality and use smoothing to improve the mesh quality ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in 4 formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates The ANSYS ICEM CFD GUI 3 If the mesh quality is poor it may be appropriate to fix the geometry instead or recreate the mesh using more appropriate size parameters or a different meshing method Generating the Input for the Solver ANSYS ICEM CFD includes output interfaces to various flow and structural solvers producing appropriately formatted files that contain complete mesh and boundary condition information After selecting the solver you can modify the solver parameters and write the necessary input files More information about the ANSYS ICEM CFD Output Interfaces is available from the Help menu The Output Interfaces option opens the ANSYS ICEM CFD Output Interfaces information in a browser For information about a specific interface refer to the Table of Supported Solvers and click the name of the interface The ANSYS ICEM CFD GUI The ANSYS ICEM CFD GUI offers a complete environment to create and manage your computational grids As shown in Figure 2 ANSYS ICEM CFD GUI Components
59. lock topology Output block definition to reduce the number of multi block structured output mesh files Block orientation and origin modification options ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 47 48 ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates Properties The Properties menu allows you to create different materials by specifying material or element properties such as type the Young s Modulus and Poisson s ratio Once the material is created you can apply those properties to the elements Create Material Property Save Material Open Material Define Table Define Element Properties Create Material Property You can define a material by specifying a name of the material define whether isotropic enter in values for Young s Modulus Shear modulus Poisson s ratio Mass Density and Thermal expansion coefficient Save Material The Write Material File option allows you to save the material specification so that it may be reused whenever necessary The material file will be saved with the mat extension Open Material The Load Material From File option allows you to open a material file to be used in your design or modified and saved for future use Define Table T
60. ly the same size as the gap between the surfaces or curves the surface mesh could have a tendency to jump the gap thus creating non manifold vertices These non manifold vertices would be created during the meshing process The Tetra mesher automatically attempts to close all holes in a model Since the gap may be confused as a hole you should either define a thin cut in order to establish that the gap is not a hole or make the mesh size small enough so that it will not close the gap when the meshing is performed A hole is usually considered a space that is greater than 2 or 3 elements in thickness Desired Mesh Region During the process of finding the bounding surfaces to close the volume mesh the mesher will determine if there are holes in the model If holes are found the Message window will display a message like Material point ORFN can reach material point LIVE You will be prompted with a dialog box saying ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in 22 formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates Tetra Generation Steps Your geometry has a hole do you want to repair it A jagged line will display the leakage path from the ORFN part to the LIVE part The elements surrounding the hole will also be displayed To repair the hole select the single edges bounding it and the mesher will loft a surface mesh to close the hole Further holes would be flagged
61. n made intelligent for grid generation such as boundary conditions and grid sizes and this intelligent geometry information is saved with the master geometry In Hexa by updating all entities with the update projection function blocking vertices projected to prescribed points in the geometry are automatically adapted to the parametric change and one can recalculate the mesh immediately Additionally with the use of its Replay functionality Hexa provides complete access to previous operations Unstructured and Multi block Structured Meshes The mesh output of Hexa can be either unstructured or multi block structured and need not be de termined until after you have finished the whole meshing process when the output option is selected ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 39 Hexa Unstructured Mesh Output The unstructured mesh output option will produce a single mesh output file where all common nodes on the block interfaces are merged independent of the number of blocks in the model Multi Block Structured Mesh Output Used for solvers that accept multi block structured meshes this output option will produce a mesh output file for every block in the topology model For example if the block model has 55 blocks there will be 55 output files created in the output directory Additionally without mergi
62. n Input parameter ZSIZE that you can manipulate from Workbench a Choose Settings Workbench Parameters Workbench Input Parameters User Defined b Click Create User Defined Input Parameter c Name the Parameter ZSIZE and set the Parameter Value as 2 o Click OK to finish ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 75 Workbench Integration User Defined Workbench Input A Parameters z User Defined Workbench Input Parameters V Create User Defined Input Parameter Parameter name zsizE Parameter value 2 Delete User Defined Input Parameter Parameter name 4 Now create a box model upon which you will perform a meshing operation Record the process so the operation can be performed again when you update it from Workbench a b Click the Start Replay button Click the Geometry tab and choose Create Modify Surface Choose Standard Shape from the Create Modify Surface window Choose Box and click Apply Click the Mesh tab and choose Compute Mesh Choose Volume Mesh and click Compute Click Yes on the pop up dialog to use autosizing for the mesh size Click the Stop Replay Recording button Choose File gt Save Project to save the project Next edit the script to use the input parameter Choose Workbench Replay Control from the One Click Replay Recording menu Click t
63. need to perform any individual face associations to underlying CAD geometry which further reduces the difficulty of mesh generation Features of Hexa Some of the more advanced features of Hexa include ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 37 Hexa O grids For very complex geometry Hexa automatically generates body fitted internal and external O grids to parametrically fit the block topology to the geometry to ensure good quality meshes Edge Meshing Parameters Hexa s edge meshing parameters offer unlimited flexibility in applying user specified bunching requirements Time Saving Methods Hexa provides time saving surface smoothing and volume relaxation algorithms on the generated mesh Mesh Quality Checking With a set of tools for mesh quality checking elements with undesirable skewness or angles may be displayed to highlight the block topology region where the individual blocks need to be adjusted Mesh Refinement Coarsening Refinement or coarsening of the mesh may be specified for any block region to allow a finer or coarser mesh definition in areas of high or low gradients respectively Replay Option Replay file functionality enables parametric block topology generation linked to para metric changes in geometry Symmetry As necessary in analyzing rotating machinery applications for example
64. ng any of the nodes at the block interfaces the Output Block option allows you to minimize the number of output files generated with the multi block structured approach Blocking Strategy With Hexa the basic steps necessary to generate a hexahedral model are the same regardless of model complexity The blocking topology once initialized can then be modified by splitting and merging the blocks as well as through the use of an operation called O grid Refer to the next section While these operations are performed directly on the blocks the blocks may also go through indirect modific ation by altering the sub entities of the blocks i e the vertices edges faces Upon initialization Hexa creates one block that encompasses the entire geometry The subsequent operations under the Blocking menu of developing the block model referred to as blocking the geo metry may be performed on a single block or across several blocks Note The topologic entities in Hexa are color coded based on their properties Colors of Edges White Edges and Vertices These edges are between two material volumes The edge and the associated vertices will be projected to the closest CAD surface between these material volumes The vertices of these edges can move only on the surfaces Note These display in black if you have chosen a light colored background for the graphics display window Blue Edges and Vertices These edges are in the volume T
65. olver where you can pick the contact surface Define Initial Velocity This allows you to define initial nodal point velocities by specifying the translational and rotational ve locity for nodal sets Define Planar Rigid wall You can define a Planar Rigid Wall by specifying the Head and Tail coordinates ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 51 52 ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates Loads In this tab there are several options available for applying internal and external loads such as force pressure and temperature How ICEM CFD treats the load depends on how the load is applied to a curve a surface or a mesh In all cases the load information is not calculated until the user is creating the output files for one of the supported Common Structural solvers ANSYS Autodyn LS DYNA ABAQUS or NASTRAN That is the output file is generated thru the Solve Options Tab and at this time the loads will be written out according to the selected solver s published format Theory Applied forces are distributed as follows By Curve The total Force Fr may be applied on a curve as shown below Applying the load to a geometry entity simplifies the process for you and
66. onally click the Output number of elements check box a Check the boxes next to the element types for which you want an output number Optionally click the Output Check Mesh check box a Check the boxes next to the errors you want to have tallied in the output results ICEM CFD will perform an analysis as part of the meshing process and list the results in the Output window and in the Workbench Parameters window Similarly check the boxes for Output Pre Mesh Quality and Output Number of Blocks to set the Blocking Output parameters For more information about pre mesh quality see Pre Mesh Quality p 46 For more information about Hexa Block types see Hexa Block Types p 41 Deleting Output Parameters Ts 2 3 Within ICEM CFD choose Settings Workbench Parameters Workbench Output Parameters In the Workbench Output Parameters window check any applicable check box for Delete all quality metrics output parameters Delete all number of elements output parameters Delete all Pre Mesh Quality output parameters and Delete all Number of Blocks output parameters Click Apply or OK User Defined Parameters Example This example illustrates how you can use user defined parameters to test different meshing scenarios for a simple box 1 In the Workbench Toolbox double click the ICEM CFD component to start the data integrated ICEM CFD component system Double click the Model cell to open ICEM CFD First create a
67. ontrol the input from within ICEM CFD Surface Mesh Setup a Surface s B Maximum size 2 P Height Height ratio You can set the following input parameters in Workbench Global Mesh Size See Global Mesh Size in the ANSYS ICEM CFD Help Manual Shell Meshing See Shell Meshing Parameters in the ANSYS ICEM CFD Help Manual Volume Meshing See Volume Meshing Parameters in the ANSYS ICEM CFD Help Manual Prism Meshing See Prism Meshing Parameters in the ANSYS ICEM CFD Help Manual Surface Mesh Setup See Surface Mesh Setup in the ANSYS ICEM CFD Help Manual Curve Mesh Setup See Curve Mesh Setup in the ANSYS ICEM CFD Help Manual Edge Params See Edge Params in the ANSYS ICEM CFD Help Manual For Surface Mesh Setup Curve Mesh Setup and Edge Params you can set parameters either on all existing surfaces or curves and edges at once or for a single curve surface or edge Note If you create Workbench Input Parameters and want to step line by line or using a line range through a replay file you must use the Workbench Replay Control item from the One Click menu to start the Workbench Replay Control dialog Setting Input Parameters To set input parameters in Workbench 1 Within ICEM CFD choose any of the input parameters listed above 2 Select the check box next to the parameter ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in
68. orting and exporting geometry and initializing scripting Edit Menu contains Undo Redo options the option to open a shell window and various internal mesh geometry conversion commands View Menu contains options for managing the look of the model in the graphics window These include standard views view controls and annotations Info Menu contains options for presenting statistics and other data about your geometry mesh or other entities Settings Menu contains options for managing many of the program preferences Typically the default settings for performance graphics and others are suitable more than 9096 of the time by a specific user Help Menu contains links to Help Topics tutorials other documentation modules and version information Utilities The Utilities are icon representations of some of the most commonly used functions in the Main Menu including opening closing a project or managing geometry mesh or blocking files Also included are quick access icons for undo redo measurement options local coordinate system controls and display options Full details are available in the Graphical Main Menu Utilities and Display Options section of the Help Manual Display Control Tree The Display Control tree also referred to as the Display tree along the upper left side of the screen allows control of the display by part geometric entity element type and user defined subsets The tree is organized by categories Ea
69. ou have only to select the geometry to be meshed the Tetra mesher generates tetrahedral meshes directly from the CAD geometry or STL data without requiring an initial triangular surface mesh Introduction Tetra Generation Steps Important Features in Tetra Introduction The Tetra mesher can use different meshing algorithms to fill the volume with tetrahedral elements and to generate a surface mesh on the object surfaces You can define prescribed curves and points to determine the positions of edges and vertices in the mesh For improved element quality the Tetra mesher incorporates a powerful smoothing algorithm as well as tools for local adaptive mesh refinement and coarsening Tetra Mesh Generation The Tetra mesher is suitable for complex geometries and offers several advantages including Rapid model setup Mesh independent of underlying surface topology No surface mesh necessary Generation of mesh directly from CAD or STL surfaces Definition of element size on CAD or STL surfaces Control over element size inside a volume Nodes and edges of tetrahedra are matched to prescribed points and curves Curvature Proximity Based Refinement automatically determines tetrahedra size for individual geometry features Volume and surface mesh smoothing merging nodes and swapping edges Tetrahedral mesh can be merged into another tetra hexa or hybrid mesh and then can be smoothed Coarsening of individual material dom
70. p 6 the GUI window contains several functional areas which are described below ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 5 Introduction to ANSYS ICEM CFD Figure 2 ANSYS ICEM CFD GUI Components Main Menu Utilities Display Control Tree Function Tabs Selection Toolbar Geometry Mesh Slacking Edit Mesh Propedies Constrants Loads Salge 0689 GfsiRE C0 78 45 amp SPHERE 7 BI Convert Mesh Type Convert Mesh EL Lu Convert Tolra to Hoxa Method 1 Ietisto4 hexa Elements 1 3 06 Project nodes Nomalto elements Lewellen 0 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 OS 1 Data Entry Zone DEZ Message Window Histogram Window Note The GUI style shown is the default Workbench style For more information about the GUI Style options refer to the Product Selection settings Main Menu The Main Menu is in the top left corner of the GUI and provides access to the following pull down menus Full details are available in the Main Menu Area of the Help Manual ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in 6 formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates The ANSYS ICEM CFD GUI File Menu contains options for creating new or opening existing projects loading and saving files imp
71. placing Systems sections of the Workbench User s Guide Note If available Update will use the ICEM CFD Replay file to update the ICEM CFD project Note Scripts written in ICEM CFD may not be parametric with upstream or downstream projects Care should be taken to write scripts whose functions do not exceed the capabilities of the upstream or downstream component systems Model cell The Model Cell is associated with the ICEM CFD application You can use the Model Cell to modify some aspects of the project You can also double click the Model Cell to open the project in ICEM CFD The Model cell context menu items include the following Edit Opens the ICEM CFD application and loads an existing Geometry ICEM CFD file ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in 62 formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates Creating an ICEM CFD Component Duplicate Copies the entire geometry and mesh data enabling you to edit the Model cell in the du plicate system to investigate an alternative modeling approach Transfer Data From New Enables the transfer of data from upstream Geometry Mesh Mechanical Model or combined Geometry and Mesh components Note If the geometry cell option Use Associativity is On its default setting Part Reference IDs are stored in a Workbench database and remain persistent in ICEM CFD even if the topology of th
72. projection based hexahedral mesh generation Easy manipulation of the 3D object based topology model Modern GUI and software architecture with the latest hexahedral mesh technology Extensive solver interface library with over 100 different supported interfaces Automatic O grid generation and O grid re scaling Geometry based mesh size and boundary condition definition Mesh refinement to provide adequate mesh size in areas of high or low gradients Smoothing relaxation algorithms to quickly yield quality meshes Generation of multi block structured unstructured and super domain meshes Ability to specify periodic definitions Extensive replay functionality with no user interaction for parametric studies Extensive selection of mesh bunching laws including the ability to graphically add delete modify control points defining the graph of the mesh bunching functions Link bunching relationships between block edges to automate bunching task Topology operations such as translate rotate mirror and scaling to simplify generation of the topology model Automatic conversion of 3D volume block topology to 3D surface mesh topology Automatic conversion of 2D block topology to 3D block topology Block face extrusion to create extended 3D block topology Multiple projection options for initial or final mesh computation Quality checks for determinant internal angle and volume of the meshes Domain renumbering of the b
73. r Defined Parameters with Replay Scripting Deleting User defined Input Parameters ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 73 Workbench Integration 1 Within ICEM CFD choose Settings gt Workbench Parameters Workbench Input Parameters User defined 2 In the User Defined Workbench Input Parameters window check the Delete User Defined Input Parameter check box 3 Use the drop down menu to choose the name of the parameter you want to delete 4 Click Apply or OK Setting Output Parameters You can set Workbench Output parameters to unstruct mesh and pre mesh blocking quality metrics list the number of mesh errors and possible problems list the number of element and block types created You set the output parameters within the ICEM CFD application then view them in either Workbench or ICEM CFD Workbench Output Parameters Set Workbench Output Parameters Mesh Iv Oupul Quakty melncs Quay metric Surlace area sj Mesh types to check for metric Surface area Yes No LINE 2 c G TETRA 4 id TRI 3 s Delete all Quality metrics output parameters Output Number of Elements Element types Number of Points Numba of Lines 7 Number of Triangles Number of Quads Number ol Hexahedra F Numba of Tetrahedia Number of Prisms Numba ol Pyramide
74. r s Manual Programmer s Guide Output Interfaces Installation amp Licensing Guide What s New Legal Notices Show Customer Number About ANSYS ICEM CFD Online Help Interface The ANSYS Help Viewer provides easy access to the documentation for the entire ANSYS family Click ICEM CFD on the hierarchical list and select the appropriate option from the menu ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in 10 formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates Using the Help System Figure 4 The Online Help Interface File Search View History Bookmarks Tools Help OO a r Table of Contents ICEM CFD ICEM CFD Documentation The manuals listed below form the ICEM CFD product documentation set They include descriptions of the procedures commands elements and theoretical details needed to use ICEM CFD products A brief description of each document follows ANSYS ICEM CFD Help Manual contains detailed information about using ANSYS ICEM CFD including full descriptions of all the menu and tab options This document is structured to follow the typical sequence you would follow in progressing from initiating a project through to creating the output for a Solver ANSYS ICEM CFD User s Manual contains theoretical information about setting up a problem tm ARTONO TOTARA OTT 1 3 al 2 ATTE DHAHEAHAHAHAH 3 Errors and Not
75. r surface meshes ANSYS ICEM CFD provides a direct link between geometry and analysis In ANSYS ICEM CFD geometry can be input from just about any format whether from a commercial CAD design package 3rd party universal database scan data or point data Beginning with a robust geometry module which supports the creation and modification of surfaces curves and points ANSYS ICEM CFD s open geometry database offers the flexibility to combine geometric information in various formats for mesh generation The resulting structured or unstructured meshes topology inter domain connectivity and boundary conditions are then stored in a database where they can easily be translated to input files formatted for a particular solver Overall Process The ANSYS ICEM CFD GUI Using the Help System Overall Process The generic working process involves the following 1 Open Create a project 2 Create Manipulate the geometry 3 Create the mesh 4 Check Edit the mesh 5 Generate the input for the solver ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 1 Introduction to ANSYS ICEM CFD Figure 1 The Overall Process Open Create Project Create Import Geometry Geometry Manipulation Clean up Create Mesh Set Parts Auto Sizing DURER Default Method Type Set Mesh Sizes Quad Hexa Methods and Types View Edit Pre Mesh Shel
76. ral or Thermal If Nastran solver is selected then you have the choice of more Analysis types Setup Sub Case You can create subcases to apply the load in different steps Write View Input file You can create and view the input file generated for the solver Submit Solver Run Using this option you can solve the input file generated for a particular solver FEA Solver Support More information about the supported solvers is available from the Help menu The Output Interfaces option opens the ANSYS ICEM CFD Output Interfaces information in a browser For information about a specific solver refer to the Table of Supported Solvers and click the name of the solver ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 59 60 ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates Workbench Integration The data integrated ICEM CFD component system or ICEM CFD Add in enables you to launch ICEM CFD from ANSYS Workbench and use it to build a project with the option of adding upstream data from Geometry Mesh Mechanical Model or combined Geometry and Mesh system components You can also use ICEM CFD to provide data to downstream component systems such as ANSYS Fluent ANSYS CFX ANSYS Polyflow Mech
77. rated thru the Solve Options Tab and during output the distributed load information will be written out according to the selected solver s published format Force Using this option you can apply translational force or rotational moment loads on entities in all three directions Forces can be applied by two different options The Uniform option applies the stated force at all selected entities For example with curves the Uniform option will apply the full force to all nodes attached to the curve The Total option means that the force gets distributed among all the nodes of the selected entities according to FEA concepts Pressure You can apply pressure loads to surfaces subsets or parts See the Help for more detail Temperature This option allows you to apply temperature to points curves surfaces bodies and subsets See the Help for more Detail ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in 58 formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates Solve Options Setup Solver Parameters has options for specifying the solver parameters You can also specify the analysis solution parameters Setup Solver Parameters You can select from the following solvers ANSYS Nastran ABAQUS Autodyn and LS DYNA Setup Analysis Type Depending on the selected solver different options are available For the ANSYS solver you can select either Structu
78. rface model loaded Prism will generate a temporary faceted surface model from the input mesh Prism Mesh Process The prism mesh process generates prism elements near boundary surfaces from tetrahedral volume or triangular surface mesh This batch process creates prisms by extrusion of the surface mesh and the resulting prisms are made conformal with any existing tetrahedral volume mesh The prism mesh can be smoothed to yield the necessary quality Prism Mesh Preparation When generating prism mesh preparation is key It is easier to edit a tetra mesh than a tetra prism mesh Prism mesh can also be difficult to smooth so it will save time to start with good quality tetra or tri surface mesh Start with the best possible initial hybrid mesh quality Hybrid mesh is generally difficult to smooth Start with good Tetra or Tri surface mesh Choose prism options carefully Check aspect ratios quality Check and fix all diagnostics Single multiple edges Non manifold vertices and Duplicate elements will crash the prism mesher Visually scan the surface mesh Look for any surface discrepancies or sharp tent like structures in the mesh ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in 34 formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates Prism Mesh Process Make sure part associations are correct Look for a few elements of one part scattered among ano
79. ries and affiliates iii User s Manual Hexa Block TY pas sopa avs edere au tede tope d bab vb eos senda oin dua a Deleted Lag dte 41 kam 41 MCLG Oise 41 Automatic O grid generation situ ar eri io orte n cob fr oem aa anne dot vw ee Clo 41 Using the Automatic O grid Ju soia etg neruos aa eae a oto deo Pepe didi pde ar a tup ede Rep a 42 Important Features of an O grid i5 sU gnaw ene GRR eh as ed Gate 42 Edge Meshing Patameteks u dose scares PvE er e YN PV V D RE NY EON aun eed ua ee pr RR CU ERR UR RR ARRA 43 Smoothing Techniques i ires ri sae ee tete afe tese cerise eee del at etel eges oe Tees 44 Refinementand Coarsenilitr osse eee voa d HN n Elmer RA dew ER NUN Rome Us Cl t eder CUN NI aek 44 Refinement sacar be M RAE EPA PERO RRN ION Rei bd REUS QRUAM MRNA DE REDI U AE NER v EAR VE E AAT Ud rime 44 Moritur 44 RED lay Functionality ones aet otecs apice todas Rodrva nate tede hd NU adv ul Vatic etu Rude tuo oda eda 44 Generating a Replay Elles oh debeo desti Rope UR d ede p M edge dana eio nee peg ea Pa D AT dud 45 Advantage of the Replay Function 45 552 er rtr e Rr RR ER EE EH deu y sa RE R UN Sea E EAE YE RARIUS 45 Using Variables in the Replay Script ice rr b e Peter epe ER PERTH aln E OR ER EUR AER Td dd i 45 Perodiciy os codicc ote SNR ordi nM eese du Caste zy edes CS
80. rmation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates Edge Meshing Parameters The blocks may also be modified by moving the vertices of the blocks and by defining specific rela tionships between the faces edges and vertices to the geometry Edge Meshing Parameters The edge meshing parameter task has been greatly automated to provide you with unlimited flexibility in specifying bunching requirements Assigning the edge meshing parameters occurs after the develop ment of the block topology model This option is accessible by selecting Meshing gt Edge params You can use the following pre defined bunching laws or Meshing laws Default Bi Geometric Law Uniform Hyperbolic Poisson Curvature Geometric 1 Geometric 2 Exponential 1 Exponential 2 Bi Exponential Linear Spline You may modify these existing laws by applying pre defined edge meshing functions accessible through the Meshing Edge Params Graphs option in Hexa This option yields these possible functions Constant Ramp Scurve Parabola Middle Parabola Ends Exponential Gaussian Linear ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 43 Hexa Spline Note By selecting the Graphs option you may add delete modify the control points governing the function describing the
81. s as signed to them For a visual representation of the mesh size select Geometry gt Surfaces gt Tetra Sizes from the Display Tree The same can be done with Curves Tetra icons will appear representing the element size of the mesh to be created on these entities Using the mouse you may rotate the model and visually confirm that the tetra sizes are appropriate If a curve or surface does not have an icon plotted on it the icon may be too large or too small to see In this case modify the mesh parameters so that the icons are visible in a normal display To modify the mesh size for all entities adjust the Scale Factor which is found under Mesh gt Global Mesh Setup Note that if the Scale Factor is assigned a value of 0 the Tetra mesher will not run Meshing Inside Small Angles or in Small Gaps Between Objects Examine the regions between two surfaces or curves that are very close together or that meet at a small angle This would also apply if the region outside the geometry has small angles If the local tetra sizes are not small enough so that at least 1 or 2 elements would fit through the thickness you should define thin cuts This option is in the Mesh gt Global Mesh Setup gt Volume Meshing Parameters section To define a thin cut the two surfaces have to be in different Parts If the surfaces meet the curve at the intersection of the surfaces will need to be in a different part If the tetra sizes are larger or approximate
82. set only the number of layers and growth ratio which then allows Prism to adjust the initial height and locally optimize the volume transition between the prisms and tetras Users concerned about Y can then adjust the first cell height using Edit Mesh gt Split Mesh gt Split Prisms Prism parameters are set globally but can then be adjusted on a part by part or entity by entity basis Entity settings override global settings and between entities the smaller size overrides the larger For instance 3 layers could be set for a growth rate of 1 2 globally but a certain part could be set for 5 layers Setting a specific parameter on a single entity within that part or another part is handled intelli gently For example if you set a local parameter such as height on a single curve entity Prism will in terpolate that parameter smoothly across the surface between curves You may notice that you can also select volume parts for prism If no volume parts are selected it will assume that you want to grow prisms into all volumes bordering the prism surfaces If you select spe cific volume parts then prism will be grown only into those volumes After each layer is extruded smoothing is done according to the global settings The layers are grown one at a time This continues until all the requested layers are grown You can add prisms to exiting layers or you can subdivide and redistribute layers at a later date You can save time by growing only a fe
83. smoother calculates individual element quality based on the selection from the list of available criteria The smoother modifies the elements with quality below the specified Up to quality value Nodes can be moved and or merged edges are swapped and in some cases elements are deleted This operation is then repeated on the improved grid up to the specified number of iterations You can choose to smooth some element types while freezing others Tetrahedral Mesh Coarsener During the coarsening process you can exclude surface or material domains If the Maintain surface sizes option is enabled during coarsening the resulting mesh satisfies the specified mesh size criteria on the geometric entities Triangular Surface Mesh Smoother The triangular surface mesh inherent in the Tetra mesh generation process can also be used independ ently of the volume mesh The triangular smoother marks all elements that are initially below the quality criterion and then runs the specified number of smoothing steps on the elements Nodes are moved on the actual CAD surfaces to improve the quality of the elements Triangular Surface Mesh Coarsener In the interest of minimizing grid points the coarsener reduces the number of triangles in a mesh by merging triangles This operation is based on the maximum deviation of the resultant triangle center from the surface the aspect ratio of the merged triangle and the maximum size of the merged triangle Triangular
84. tains proprietary and confidential in formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 65 Workbench Integration Blocking Input Other Input Actions performed Parameters Parameters by ICEM CFD 2 Sets blocking input parameters Runs hexa meshing Converts pre mesh to unstructured Saves the unstruc tured mesh Saves the project Sets all the input parameters except blocking Runs the Replay file If blocking still exists a Sets blocking in put parameters Runs hexa mesh ing Converts pre mesh to unstruc tured Saves the unstruc tured mesh 4 Saves the project ICEM CFD saves the unstructured mesh and project only if the ICEM CFD GUI is closed and you update the project from Workbench If the ICEM CFD is open you will need to manually save the unstructured mesh and project The order of operations is Meshing input parameters are set before the Replay file is run Blocking Input parameters are set after a replay file is run but only if blocking exists after the replay file is run If no Replay file exists the default mesher is determined by the presence or absence of blocking if no blocking exists in the project tetra is the default Conversely if blocking exists in the project hexa is the default mesher Updating a Project To update a project and refresh upstream and downstream data right click on the Model cell and choose Update ANSYS ICEM
85. te a Subset containing only the elements chosen from the Quality histogram The visibility of this subset is controlled by Subset in the Display Tree The Add select option allows you to add elements to an already established subset Quality Metrics This option allows you to modify the histogram display The histogram displays the overall quality of the mesh The x axis measures the quality with 0 repres enting poor quality and 1 representing high quality The y axis measures the number of elements that belong within each quality sub range ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 29 Tetra Meshing For descriptions of all the quality metrics refer to the Edit Mesh gt Display Mesh Quality section in the Help Manual Advanced Options for Smoothing Mesh Prism Warpage Ratio Prisms are smoothed based on a balance between prism warpage and prism aspect ratio Values from 0 01 to 0 50 favor improving the prism aspect ratio while those from 0 50 to 0 99 favor improving prism warpage A value of 0 5 favors neither The farther the value is from 0 5 the greater the effect Stay on geometry The default is when a grid is smoothed the nodes are restricted to the geometry surface curves and points and can be moved only along the geometrical entities to which they are associated Violate Geometry Enabling
86. than 0 3 while a ratio of 0 15 for complicated models is usually sufficient Freeze If the Freeze option is selected for an element type the nodes of this element type will be fixed during the smoothing operation As a result this element type will not be displayed in the histogram Float If the Float option is selected the nodes of the specified element type will be capable of moving freely allowing nodes that are common with another type of element to be smoothed The quality of elements set to float is not tracked during the smoothing process and so the quality is not displayed in the histo gram ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in 28 formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates Important Features in Tetra The tetrahedral quality will be displayed within the Quality Histogram where 0 represents the worst aspect ratio and 1 represents the best aspect ratio You may modify the display of the histogram by adjusting the values of Min Max Height and Bars Right click on the histogram to access the following options for modifying its display attributes The Replot option opens a small window that allows you to change the following parameters Clicking Accept replots the histogram to the newly set values Min X Value This minimum value which is located on the left most side of the histogram s x axis represents the worst quality elements Max X
87. the script and then rerun the script Periodicity Periodic definition may be applied to the model in Hexa The Periodic nodes function which is found under Blocking gt Periodic nodes plays a key role in properly analyzing rotating machinery applications for example Typically you will model only a section of the rotating machinery as well as implement symmetry in order to minimize the model size By specifying a periodic relationship between the inflow and outflow boundaries the particular specification may be applied to the model flow characteristics entering a boundary must be identical to the flow characteristics leaving a boundary Applying the Periodic Relationship The periodic relationship is applied to block faces and ensures that a node on the first boundary have two identical coordinates to the corresponding node on the second boundary You will be prompted to select corresponding vertices on the two faces in sequence When all vertices on both flow boundaries have been selected a full periodic relationship between the boundaries has been generated ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 45 Hexa Pre Mesh Quality The pre mesh quality functions are accessible through Blocking gt Pre Mesh Quality Applying any of the quality checks will yield a histogram plot Determining the Location of El
88. ther part Extruding from a few isolated elements will likely crash the prism mesher Modify part assignments of such elements Use the Smoothing Options for Tetra and Tri surface mesh under Mesh gt Prism before creating prism mesh Laplace Triangle Quality type is typically best for eventual prism quality Smoothing Tetra Prism Mesh First smooth the tetra and tri elements set PENTA_6 to Freeze Once the tetra and tri elements are as smooth as possible then smooth all elements at the same time including PENTA 6 Decrease the Up to quality value so that the prism elements are not distorted too much ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 35 36 ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates Hexa Hexa is a 3D object based semi automatic multi block structured and unstructured surface and volume mesher Introduction Features of Hexa Mesh Generation with Hexa The Hexa Database Intelligent Geometry in Hexa Unstructured and Multi block Structured Meshes Blocking Strategy Automatic O grid generation Edge Meshing Parameters Smoothing Techniques Refinement and Coarsening Replay Functionality Periodicity Pre Mesh Quality Most Important Features of Hexa
89. this option allows the smoothing operation to yield a higher quality mesh by violating the constraints of the geometry The nodes can be moved off the geometry to obtain better mesh quality as long as the movement remains within the absolute distance specified Relative Tolerance This option works in the similar fashion as Violate Geometry except that the distance is relative here Allow refinement If the quality of the mesh cannot be improved through normal algebraic smoothing the Allow refinement option will allow the smoother to automatically subdivide elements to obtain further improvement After smoothing with Allow refinement enabled it may be necessary to smooth further with the option dis abled The goal is to reduce the number of elements that are attached to one vertex by refinement in problem regions Laplace smoothing This option will solve the Laplace equation which will generally yield a more uniformly spaced mesh Note This can sometimes lead to a lower determinant quality of the prisms Also this option works only for the triangular surface mesh Allow node merging This option will collapse and remove the worst tetra and prism elements when smoothing in order to obtain a higher quality mesh This is enabled by default and is often very useful in improving the grid quality Not just worst 1 This option will smooth all of the geometry s elements to the assigned quality specified under Up to quality not just foc
90. to import a standalone ICEM CFD project into Workbench When the Import dialog opens choose ICEM CFD Project File prj and navigate to the project you want to import ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 63 Workbench Integration Updating ICEM CFD Projects Updating a project in Workbench brings the entire ICEM CFD system up to the most current status in cluding upstream and downstream data Changes that require you to update your ICEM CFD project include changes to upstream data and changes you make in the ICEM CFD editor When changes are made the cell in the Project Schematic window indicates that an update is required Note however that changes made in the ICEM CFD editor will not cause the system to go out of date until the project tetin file geometry blocking file and or Replay file are saved Note Named selections defined in Mesh systems are available only within the Mesh system They are not available to downstream systems like ICEM CFD The actions taken by Workbench when the system is updated depends on whether the following con ditions are met Blocking exists A Replay file exists Blocking parameters are set Other input parameters are set The following table describes the actions performed by ICEM CFD according to these conditions Table 1 Updating ICEM CFD
91. ts reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in 38 formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates Unstructured and Multi block Structured Meshes Additionally at any point in this process you can generate the mesh with various projection schemes such as full face projection edge projection point projection or no projection at all Note In the case of no projection the mesh will be generated on the faces of the block model and may be used to quickly determine if the current blocking strategy is adequate or if it must be modified The Hexa Database The Hexa database contains both geometry and block topology data each containing several sub en tities The Geometric Data Entities Points x y z point definition Curves trimmed or untrimmed NURBS curves Surfaces NURBS surfaces trimmed NURBS surfaces The Block Topologic Data Entities Vertices corner points of blocks of which there are at least eight that define a block Edges a face has four edges and a block twelve Faces six faces make up a block Blocks volume made up of vertices edges and faces Intelligent Geometry in Hexa Using ANSYS ICEM CFD s Direct CAD Interfaces which maintain the parametric description of the geometry throughout the CAD model and the grid generation process hexahedral grids can be easily remeshed on the modified geometry The geometry is selected in the CAD system and tagged with informatio
92. ubset It is also useful to display the element nodes and or display the elements slightly smaller than actual size Both of these options can be accessed by right clicking on Mesh in the Display Tree Keep in mind that after mesh editing the diagnostics should be re checked to verify that no mistakes were made There are several checks for Errors as well as Possible problems The descriptions of each of these checks can be found in the Edit Mesh gt Check Mesh section of the Help Manual Smooth Mesh Globally After eliminating errors possible problems from a tetra mesh you need to smooth the grid using Edit Mesh gt Smooth Mesh Globally to improve the quality Smoothing iterations This value is the number of times the smoothing process will be performed Models with a more com plicated geometry will require a greater number of iterations to obtain the desired quality which is specified for Up to quality Up to quality The Min value represents the worst quality while the Max value represents the highest quality elements Usually the Min value is set to 0 0 and the Max value is set to 1 0 The Up to quality value gives the smoother a quality to aim for Ideally after smoothing the quality of the elements should be higher than or equal to this value If this does not happen you should employ other methods of improving the quality such as merging nodes and splitting edges For most models the elements should all have ratios of greater
93. urface Contacteren bein et MR cod ha Pt tb eio Qt gehe cxt QR HD to to eot NO RU er ead ented 51 Define Initial Velocity sese ander tA RV re nt le Ee EROR pt EE Rna ME gus Eb a Y d eM KNEE EUR REDE aai De t ids 51 Define Planar Rigid Wall scs niai tod ish oa Cete ot oor ees RYE XN RR na NEEE ATE TER TVA OVE Era ARN NR 51 Loads TTC chs sagen eei 53 FORCE C EE 58 Pressute aa cariche dioe ono n do tete cepit e dee dioe doses toto sepe mot sa dde it pr E DOM Lade do D e DAMIEN 58 Temperature niniin iiien RR exe ee ar e rea Ue erre e o ecu vue e ear ea Ve eur e ede Deae reps aeo Ure EES 58 Solve Options needed entree tete e eh doe tele tre il Yeti 59 Setup Solver Parameters oreet ete eem eene E a ba e a ensi esee iar a e aea sas adeseeagnes 59 Set p Analysis Type n 59 SeEStartic E 59 Write View Input file 3 5 torti ie vx ce Festo ee en Eno e ae va nck e ntt ede nee nett day tue Posee a ota res Enea 59 Subrnit Solver RUP ctos denitro o operi an aca x dismal ee Boe i x be Dun A Ue Dt 59 FEA Solver SUpport eiii eer ee Fee sre te Ee esie tera Pe Pee eee Pese de ne besos ate a as eue eee e Na E aede 59 Workbench Integration nori erasa etie E Aa E vd Pee ples in a P due a le Qe bans HER aian 61 Elements of the ICEM CFD Component sesscccceceeeeeessnnecececeeceseeennnaeeeeeecesssensnaaeeceeeeseseeennnaeeeeeeseneees 62 Creating an ICEM CED CO
94. us on the worst 1 of the mesh Typically when a mesh is smoothed the smoother concentrates on improving the worst regions this option will allow the smoother to continue smoothing beyond the worst regions until the desired quality is obtained Surface fitting This option will smooth the mesh keeping the nodes and the new mesh restricted to the surface of the geometry Only Hexa models will utilize this option ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in 30 formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates Important Features in Tetra Ignore PrePoints This option will allow the smoother to attempt to improve the mesh quality without being bound by the initial points of the geometry This option is similar to the Violate geometry option but works only for points located on the geometry This option is available only when there are hexahedral elements in the model Usually the best way to improve the quality of grids that cannot be smoothed above a certain level is to concentrate on the surface mesh near the bad elements and edit this surface mesh to improve the quality ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 31 32 ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in formation of AN
95. v t y 4 w pu 4 Fluid Dynamics Structural Mechanics Electromagnetics Systems and Multiphysics a ANSYS ICEM CFD User s Manual ANSYS Inc ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 Southpointe November 2013 275 Technology Drive Canonsburg PA 15317 ANSYS Inc is ansysinfo ansys com certified to ISO http www ansys com 9001 2008 T 724 746 3304 F 724 514 9494 Copyright and Trademark Information 2013 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Unauthorized use distribution or duplication is prohibited ANSYS ANSYS Workbench Ansoft AUTODYN EKM Engineering Knowledge Manager CFX FLUENT HFSS and any and all ANSYS Inc brand product service and feature names logos and slogans are registered trademarks or trademarks of ANSYS Inc or its subsidiaries in the United States or other countries ICEM CFD is a trademark used by ANSYS Inc under license CFX is a trademark of Sony Corporation in Japan All other brand product service and feature names or trademarks are the property of their respective owners Disclaimer Notice THIS ANSYS SOFTWARE PRODUCT AND PROGRAM DOCUMENTATION INCLUDE TRADE SECRETS AND ARE CONFID ENTIAL AND PROPRIETARY PRODUCTS OF ANSYS INC ITS SUBSIDIARIES OR LICENSORS The software products and documentation are furnished by ANSYS Inc its subsidiaries or affiliates under a software license agreement that contains provisions concerning non disclosure copying length and nature of use compliance wit
96. w thicker layers and then subdividing them into many layers The smoothing is the most time con suming part so for simple configurations it may be best to turn off all smoothing but grow all the layers one at a time This allows you to take advantage of the variable height feature There are two ways to generate prism mesh ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 33 Prism Mesh Compute Mesh gt Prism Mesh This option is used to grow prism layers next to wall geometries You can define the local initial height growth ratio and number of layers at Mesh gt Global Mesh Setup gt Global Prism Settings This option can create prisms from existing volume or surface mesh Note If the existing volume mesh is tet hexa mesh on the hexa side the prisms will be added within the first hexa layer Compute Mesh gt Volume Mesh gt Create Prism Layers This option allows you to directly create tetra mesh with prisms next to wall geometries You can choose whether to create prism mesh from the geometry and or the surface mesh Note If many prism layers are needed it is faster and can be more robust to create initial thick prism layers and then split them to create the total desired number of prism layers using Edit Mesh gt Split Mesh gt Split Prisms You can compute a prism mesh without an input su
97. y Figure 21 Full Tetra Enclosing the Geometry in Wire Frame Mode ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in 24 formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates Tetra Generation Steps Figure 22 Cross Section of the Tetra After this is done Tetra makes the mesh conformal that is it guarantees that each pair of adjacent elements will share an entire face The mesh does not yet match the given geometry so the mesher next rounds the nodes of the mesh to the prescribed points prescribed curves or model surfaces Tetra then cuts away all of the mesh which cannot be reached by a user defined material point without intersection of a surface Figure 23 Mesh after it captures surfaces and separation of useful volume A LK e TASS LA AV SRD STEN WZ SA PANON g KE CRESZNENZNZ A NI NANA NET NERO ZR ism Ko Xe S NEF SS ENE NOSOP COR asuma j NES n SS y KENT NU 4 Se E gt i gt A gt 4p ee em ANSYS ICEM CFD 15 0 SAS IP Inc All rights reserved Contains proprietary and confidential in formation of ANSYS Inc and its subsidiaries and affiliates 25 Tetra Meshing Figure 24 Final Mesh before smoothing Finally the mesh is smoothed by moving nodes merging nodes swapping edges and in some cases deleting bad elements Figure 25 Final Mesh after smoothing Important F

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