Manual - AB Lighting
Contents
1. 6 58 b Bo d D ore pe Bo h d GE Fig 4 2 Rear Panel 32 1 546 M Kin OUTPLT 2 FCS 966 nd ee u Damen pe bt 49 48 HP Fite LF Contour HF 6 6 6 7 MM de ON NECTIONS ONS SM Tee WE T OUT INP JT 1 E All numbers in bubbles refer to Section numbers 5 4 5 3 FCS 966 Audio Connections 5 0 10 Audio Connections 5 1 XLR Inputs Fig 5 1 Fig 5 2 5 2 XLR Outputs Fig 5 3 There are 2 input sockets on the rear panel of the FCS 966 Input T and 2 Each is electronically balanced on standard 3 pin female XLRs at an impedance greater than 10k Ohms The HOT or in phase connection is to pin 2 and the COLD or out of phase connection is to pin 3 Pin 1 is internally connected to the chassis earth via a low value capacitor This ensures freedom from ground loops whilst allowing good EMC performance The screen of the input cable should be connected to pin 1 to ensure that EMC regulations are being met and the cable shield ground should also be connected to the equipment which is providing the input signal Hot C d Screen Balanced Output Balanced Input Ground Pin I Ground Hot Pin 2 Hot Pin 3 Cold Wh2. 25 10 0 Specifications 26 Index 27 User Notes 28 FCS 966 Mechanical Installation Mechanical installation A vertical rack space of 3U 5 1 4 133 5mm high is required with a depth of 190mm excluding connectors Ventilation gaps are unnecessary If the unit is likely to undergo extreme vibration through extensive road trucking and touring the unit must be supported at the rear and or sides to lessen the stress on the front mounting flange The necessary support can generally be bought ready built as a rack tray or the FCS 966 can be mounted between other units Damage caused by insufficient support is not covered by the warranty To prevent cosmetic damage to the front panel paint finish always use protective plastic cups under the rack mounting bolts As with any low level signal processing electronics it is best to avoid mounting the FCS 966 next to a strong source of magnetic radiation or heat for example a high power amplifier Fig 1 1 Unit dimensions Fig 1 2 Rack dimensions 79 17 nt OT SEE 9 Note All dimensions in mm FCS 966 Unpacking Mains Power Connection 2 0 Unpacking As part of the BSS system of quality control we check every product carefully
3. WARNING TO REDUCE THE RISK OF FIRE OR SHOCK DO NOT EXPOSE THIS APPARATUS TO RAIN OR MOISTURE DO NOT REMOVE COVERS NO USER SERVICEABLE PARTS INSIDE REFER SERVICING TO QUALIFIED PERSONNEL THIS EQUIPMENT MUST BE EARTHED CAUTION Eur RISK OF ELECTRIC SHOCK PO NOT JPEN RISO DE CHOC ELECT RICE 2 PAS ENLE dr DO NOT EXPOSE NE PAS EXPOSER A TO RAIN OR MOISTURE LA PLUIE NI A L HUMIDITE IT SHOULD NOT BE NECESSARY TO REMOVE ANY PROTECTIVE EARTH OR SIGNAL CABLE SHIELD CONNECTIONS TO PREVENT GROUND LOOPS ANY SUCH DISCONNECTIONS ARE OUTSIDE THE RECOMMENDED PRACTICE OF BSS AUDIO AND WILL RENDER THE EMC OR SAFETY CERTIFICATION VOID For continued compliance with international EMC legislation ensure that all input and output cables are wired with the cable screen connected to Pin 1 of th XLR connectors and or the jack plug sleeve The input XLR Pin 1 and the side chain input jack socket sleeve are connected to the chassis via a low value capacitor providing high immunity from ground loops while ensuring good EMC performance Important Safety Notice The mains supply disconnect device is the mains plug or the appliance connector either one must remain accessible so as to be readily operable in use FCS 966 Contents Contents 1 0 Mechanical installation 5 2 0 Unpacking 6 3 0 Mains Power Connection
4. FCS 966 User Manual FCS 966 Important Safety Information Read this carefully This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the following European and international Standards ffor Electromagnetic Compatibility and Electrical Safety Radiated Emissions EU EN55103 1 1996 RF Immunity EU EN55103 2 1996 4 Electrical Safety EU EN60065 2002 get Electrical Safety USA UL60065 2003 Electrical Safety CAN CSA E60065 00 2003 Radiated Emissions USA FCC part 15 Class B Before using the apparatus read these instructions Follow all instructions heed them and keep them in safe place Clean only with a dry cloth Do not block any of the ventilation openings Install in accordance with the manufacurers instructions Do not place objects filled with liquid on this apparatus Do not defeat the safety purpose of the grounding type plug A grounding plug has two blades and a third grounding prong The third prong is provided for your safety When the provided plug does not fit into your outlet consult an electrician for replacement of the obsolete outlet Protect the power cord from being walked upon or pinched particularly at plugs convenience receptacles and the point where they exit from the apparatus Only use attachments accessories specified by the manufacturer Unplug this apparatus during lightning storms or when not in use for a long time
5. brittleness from over bright signals 6 6 Output meter LF Corteer d LL nn hu w This is a peak reading RMS calibrated meter Normally when the eq in buttons are depressed it measures the signal being sent to the output connector If the channel is bypassed eq in button out the meter reads the input signal This allows accurate matching of the equalized and dry signals using the gain control 6 7 Clip indicators FCS 966 6 8 Frequency band sliders There are three critical places in the signal path of the FCS 966 that are monitored by the clip indicator circuit if one or more of these overloads the indicator is illuminated These three places are the output of the contour section the output of the main equalizer section and the output from the gain control section Three point monitoring is required as it is easy to place the controls in positions that allow the overload of one section without this being obvious on the meter The clip indicator provides instant confirmation that no part ofthe FCS 966 is being headroom compromised The main function of the FCS 966 is controlled with the frequency band sliders which split the audible spectrum into thirty independent bands centred on standard ISO frequencies Each band may be amplified boosted or attenuated cut by up to 15dB allowing great control over the program for either corrective or creative purposes No
6. 2 130 32 2 2 Like the LF contour E twv WE control HF contour should 24 des be regarded as a way of musically changing the tonal balance of the FCS 966 A common problem encountered in live sound applications is the drop in treble level that occurs when an audience is present Heat and humidity can also alter the level of treble during a performance Advancing the HF contour control is a unique and ideal way of dealing with this effect Sometimes during a performance the complete opposite occurs namely an excess of high frequencies This is caused by the performers becoming more exuberant as the evening progresses If left unchecked this higher than expected level can easily cause distortion and listener fatigue Without disturbing the main equalizer section reducing the level of the HF contour allows subtle control of this phenomenon FCS 966 Warranty Information 9 0 Warranty Information IMPORTANT When sold to an end user by BSS Audio or a BSS Audio Authorised Reseller this unit is warranted by the seller to the purchaser against defects in workmanship and the materials used in its manufacture for a period of one year from the date of sale Faults arising from misuse unauthorised modifications or accidents are not covered under this warranty No other warranty is expressed or implied If the unit is faulty it should be sent to the seller of the equipment in its original packaging with shi
7. before packing to ensure that it reaches you in flawless condition Before you go any further please check the unit for any physical damage and retain the shipping carton and all relevant packing materials for use should the unit need returning In the event that damage has occurred please notify your dealer immediately so that a written claim to cover the damages can be initiated Check out section 9 0 warranty information for more info on the warranty and also to record your dealer details 3 0 Mains Power Connection 3 1 Mains Power WARNING THIS APPLIANCE MUST BE EARTHED The FCS 966 must always be connected to a 3 wire earthed AC outlet The rack framework must also be connected to the same grounding circuit The unit must NOT be operated unless the power cables EARTH ground wire is properly terminated this is important for personal safety as well as for proper control over the system grounding The wires in the mains lead are colour coded in accordance with the following code Green and Yellow Earth Those units supplied to the North American market will have an integral moulded 3 pin connector which is provided to satisfy required local standards IMPORTANT The FCS 966 is designed to use 50 60Hz AC power in one of two voltage ranges selectable with the mains voltage selector switch on the rear of the unit It is vital that the position of this switch is checked BEFORE initial power up to ensure that it matche
8. clockwise progressively removes low frequency program material which is useful for controlling sub sonic signals that otherwise could cause overload problems Judicious use of this control may allow more boost to be applied with the main graphic section as unwanted lower frequencies are removed before the main signal is boosted The HP filter may also be used to restrict the bass signal applied to loudspeakers that are unable to handle low frequencies for example small drivers used in a bar or restaurant If the HP filter is not required the control should be left fully counter clockwise This control applies a gentle musical low frequency boost and cut shelving response It works in addition to the main graphic and provides a convenient way of changing the overall sound balance without disturbing a detailed room or speaker response that has been set up on the main equalizer section One way to think of the LF contour control is as a means of augmenting the main equalizer in a way that can be easily adjusted and reset 15 FCS 966 u Control operations 16 6 5 HF Contour This control serves a similar purpose as the LF contour but applied to higher treble frequencies The HF contour control allows a subtle change to be made to the shape of the sound without affecting the previously configured main equalizer On a creative note the HF contour control can be used to breath air into an otherwise flat sound or remove
9. to equalising 20 Fig 7 3 gyrator type response Fig 7 4 constant Q response reponse 764 In line with it s other graphic equalizers BSS have chosen a constant Q topology for the FCS 966 as this gives the best correlation between the actual slider positions and the measured response of the unit Figure 7 4 shows how the response of the FCS 966 follows much more closely the curve depicted by the sliders than a gyrator based graphic figure 7 3 Note that the illustration is a guide only With the increasing use of acoustic analysis equipment for setting up sound systems it is important that the graphic equalizer is as what you see is what you get as possible With other equalizer topologies moving one slider can have a surprising effect on frequencies that are far from those being adjusted This is also why some non constant Q equalizers can sound phasey when they are being adjusted FCS 966 Application examples 8 0 Application examples 8 1 General Equalisation problem solving Each of the following application examples is accompanied by a front panel control diagram Controls that are not greyed out should be set to the value shown refer to the text where no initial setting is shown Those controls which are greyed out can be set to any value and are not critical to the example Settings can apply to both channels but only one is shown here for clarity 415
10. value capacitor This ensures freedom from ground loops whilst allowing good EMC performance The screen of the cable must be connected to the jack plug shield to ensure continued compliance with EMC regulations The cable shield ground should be connected to the equipment which is providing the input signal Fig 5 5 Cold Hoe a Serven gt amp R T Balanced Output 966 Jack Input Crours Ground Tip Hea Cod When feeding the FCS 966 from unbalanced sources connect the signal conductor to the jack plug tip and the cable screen to the plug ring and shield Fig 5 6 Hot Signal 8 CENE 5 R Lii Unbalanced Output 966 Jack Input 11 FCS 966 Audio Connections 5 4 Jack Outputs The Jack outputs are electrically identical to the XLR outputs The signal HOT or in phase signal is connected to the jack plug tip The COLD or out of phase signal is connected to the ring with the shield being connected directly to the chassis Fig 5 Ig 5 7 S Panag T nf Sul Hot 1 R 5 Fig 5 8 5 5 Combi Con connectors Fig 5 9 Fig 5 10 12 Balanced Input Sleeve Ground Ground Tap Hoc Ring Cold Connection to unbalanced inputs may be done by connecting the tip to the signal input and the ring to the input shield The FCS 966 shield m
11. 10dB to infinity OUT to 250Hz 12dB octave 6dB shelving 50Hz 6dB octave 6dB shelving 14kHz 6dB octave 15dB on ISO centres with a Q of 4 HP filter set to OUT Gain HF LF amp all sliders set to Note that the filters are removed from the signal path when the slider is in the central zero position 26 FCS 966 Index C Clip indicator Connection mains power Connections Combi Con Jack XLR Constant Q Contour HF LF D Dimensions E EQ general In 14 F faces front rear Sliders constant Q effect on gyrator based Feedback reduction Frequency band sliders Front panel Fusing G Gain H HF Contour uses for HP Filter uses for 17 12 11 10 19 16 15 21 17 19 18 20 22 17 14 16 24 15 23 Inputs Combi Con Jack XLR Installation mechanical Introduction L LF Contour uses for M Mains power O Output meter Outputs Combi Con Jack XLR R Rack space Rear panel Room equalisation S Specifications U Unpacking V Voltage selection W Warranty Information Index 12 11 10 15 24 12 12 10 26 25 27 FCS 966 User Notes 28 29 FCS 966 User Notes 30 constant _____ FCS 966 adoma oseajd pray sumw 57 isi V7 TARO SWS MIX 9 J3A07 VN JTEVUVAY F
12. 6 241 Mains POWER 6 4 0 Introduction 7 5 0 Audio Connections 10 Jel ALR TDU e ere oun bo an beg en eee nee age 10 2 ALR oy oad ade ee ae oe Meee eae ee eee EY HORE X A 10 5 3 JACK AD 11 54 12 5 5 Combi Con 5 12 6 0 Control operations 14 Onl EQ Ws we ne 14 DL en oc 14 6 3 15 LECON 15 69 HF S E 16 CO cg uoa suce OR 16 0x 6 199 16 D 17 6 8 Frequency band 17 7 0 General guide to equalizers 18 Jol Vy AUIS 18 7 2 18 7 3 What does constant Q 19 FCS 966 Contents 8 0 Application examples 21 8 1 General Equalisation problem solving 21 8 2 Feedback 22 8 3 Room equalisation 22 8 4 Uses for the HP 23 8 5 Uses for the LF 24 8 6 Use for the HF 24 9 0 Warranty
13. 8 1 With four bands adjusted there is probably not much merit in continuing as the sound will start to be adversely affected Fig 8 1 using the graphic for feedback reduction 8 3 Room equalisation HP Filter LF Contour HF l er sabre E B ene 0 i Ei r3 ou T E T E gt 4 den EQIN dB Gain unr E x pen E ans F and For this two other pieces of equipment are required a pink noise source and an acoustic real time analyser RTA With the FCS 966 interposed between the mixer and amplifiers with all sliders set to zero apply pink noise to the system at a level similar to that expected during normal operation Observe that the RTA has a number of bars or a line that indicates the sound level in different parts of the spectrum Adjust the FCS 966 so that the RTA indicates as flat a response as possible If you are lucky the RTA will 22 have frequency bands marked the same as the FCS 966 FCS 966 Fig 8 2 using the graphic with RTA 8 4 Uses for the HP Filter Be aware that making the system flat by applying large amounts of boost is not desirable when real program is applied to a system setup this way overload is almost certain to occur It is far better to reduce the level of peaks than try to fill in large holes Be cautious also of pushing a speaker particularly a bass speaker to reproduce sounds which it is not capabl
14. HP Filter LF Comtour HF Generally when using 9 0 4 an equalizer you should ULM der MA E think in terms of removing 150 le problem sounds rather LES om O 9 5 than increasing the level of the good parts The FCS eM IUS 966 would normally be _ A patched into the insert 3 EQIN point of the mixer channel 10 carrying the signal that needs attention Start with all the frequency sliders in the zero position Listen carefully to the program and by experimentation move groups of sliders until you find the general area of the problem In turn increase the level of one slider at a time until you find the one that seems to aggravate the sound most Bear in mind that any increase made will probably make the total sound worse try to listen only to the aggravating sound try to ignore the other effects When the precise slider has been located listen carefully and slowly start to cut that band Stop reducing the level when the irritation stops This may need to be repeated a number of times on different bands but always be aware that it is very easy to over eq the signal The same procedure can be followed if it is required to boost certain parts of the program however always bear in mind that use of excessive boost will compromise the system headroom and may overload following devi
15. IGWON 771935 UNOA 315 314 anew yups 21 ASTU Vus tL 9l VUNIQZ V Tan IH ui diy 40507 9H pueg mios UOT tubo 9 Dp on FD pour sum GD 20s ef y NIK indino 99 NIX du vo Sty ON de 093 VI IES PINS NI O3 VQ de gt 29 um gg OF MONO IH AoOo dH Vg TOUS 104 gy MEI moo IH dH 31 FCS 966 32 constant Q graph 18 1210 A
16. ay or may not be connected to the equipment shield at the equipment end s HE K bina Lik 966 Jack Output Hot Signal Screen Unhalanced Jack Inpert Each channel of the FCS 966 is fitted with a six way pluggable terminal block or Combi Con connector This connector carries both the balanced input and balanced output signals for that channel Shield Shield Hdi Combi Con connector rear panel The signals are electrically identical to those on the XLR connectors For convenience it may be desired to use individual 3 way plugs for independent connection of input and output signals wired as follows Hot Screen _ 2 Balanced Output 966 Combicon connector Ground Cold old r Hot 966 Combi Con connector Balanced Input Ground Hoa Cold con FCS 966 ee When feeding the FCS 966 from unbalanced sources connect as follows Note the link between the two end pins Fig 5 11 Hot Signal Screen es Unbalanced 966 Coesbicon connector When feeding the FCS 966 to unbalanced sources connect as follows Note Hot Signal Unbalanced Input the link between the two end pins Fig 5 12 966 Combi Con connector 13 FCS 966 Control operations 6 0 14 Control operations 6 1 Eq In 6 2 Gain H Filter HF When the eq in switch
17. ces in the audio path For creative use it is generally better to get the sound you want by cutting If the required cutting leads to a significant drop in overall signal level this can be made up with the gain control 21 FCS 966 Application examples U Contour Hi 8 2 Feedback Beg DEN reduction i Jis Cut py 150 Pre E Gain da This is one of the major uses for graphic equalizers in sound reinforcement applications The FCS 966 would usually be connected either to the mixer mix insert points or between the output of the mixer and the input of the amplifier or crossover Set all frequency bands to zero With the room quiet and the offending microphone active increase the system gain slowly the FCS 966 gain control is convenient for this until the system starts to howl Be prepared to back off the gain quickly to stop this getting out of hand Carefully set the gain such that the system is gently feeding back Find the frequency band that corresponds to the tone that you are hearing and move this slider fully down the feedback should stop Increase the system level and feedback will return find the next offending frequency band and again reduce it this time though only half way Repeat this again reducing the slider again to the half cut position Increase the gain once more on this occasion though only reduce the band by 2596 The graphic should now look something like figure
18. e of This just leads to extra distortion The extra heat and cone movement may also permanently damage the driver reve Seq Tomi 11156218 nm nem N een r HP Fiker Contour It is highly undesirable ee ON mm to send large amounts of AU RC low frequency energy to WS speaker systems that om 4 V an 448 unable to cope with it 4 5 This leads to distortion and R 4719 on premature overload As the er HP filter is steep it is able TERN EQ IN to more effectively remove ra this energy than the main equalizer low frequency bands In addition to cleaning up the sound this may well enable the low frequency controls of the main equalizer to be used more creatively as they do not now need to be employed to deal with sub bass Because power absorbing low frequency content has been removed it may be possible to turn up the gain beyond the point that previously resulted in system overload One major application for the HP filter is for removing the bass signals from monitor wedges designed for vocalists As it may also be required to use one monitor mix for more than one performer the HP filter provides a convenient method of effectively removing inappropriate signals from individual monitor feeds 23 FCS 966 Application examples 8 5 Uses for the LF HP Filter LE Contour HF gt 1 o 0 ares ashes contour SN eb le
19. en feeding the FCS 966 from unbalanced sources connect the signal conductor to pin 2 and the cable screen to pins 1 and 3 Transformer isolated inputs are available as a dealer fitted option Hot Si ro Link Unbalanced Output 966 Balanced Input The output signals are electronically balanced and fully floating Full eadroom is available into any load of 600 Ohms or greater The signal HOT or in phase signal is to pin 2 the COLD or out of phase signal is to pin 3 with pin 1 being connected directly to the chassis us r Hot Cold Screen Balanced Output Balanced Input Pin 1 Ground Pin 2 Hot Hot Pin 3 Cold Cold FCS 966 When using the FCS 966 to drive unbalanced inputs best performance is usually obtained by connecting the FCS 966s signal to the equipment signal pinand the signal to the equipment shield Fig 5 4 Hot Signal Unbalanced Input Balanced Output The FCS 966 shield should normally be connected to the equipment shield preferably at the equipment end Transformer isolated outputs are also available as a dealer fitted option 5 3 Jack Inputs The jack inputs are electrically identical to the XLR inputs The HOT or in phase connection is to the jack plug tip the COLD or out of phase connection to the ring The shield is internally connected to the chassis earth via a low
20. hange the timbre of an instrument and so alter its character Used in a corrective manner maybe on the same instrument it can be used to remove a resonance that is making the instrument sound muddy or shrill Graphic equalizers are also used extensively to treat the human voice and by flattening irregularities can improve the perceived quality of inexperienced performers Generally creative uses utilise gradual changes with small differences in position between adjacent sliders Radical corrective surgery is usually indicated by larger adjustments to individual sliders thereby treating the problem whilst leaving all other areas unaffected See section 8 for some examples The Q of a filter is a technical term which corresponds to the measurement of its width hence the term constant Q implies that as a slider is moved the Q or width of the applied filter stays the same refer to figure 7 2 fader pos constant Q general gyrater shape shape If the width varies with slider position as it does with non constant Q equalizers accurately summing the result from a number of sliders will be impossible except at one position the position when the Q or width equals the space between two adjacent bands It should be self evident that this type of operation is highly undesirable as the effect of one slider will depend on the position of many others making the total effect unpredictable 19 FCS 966 General guide
21. is in the out non illuminated position all FCS 966 functions are bypassed and the input is connected directly to the output with a high quality relay This condition also occurs when the power is off and ensures that the signal is passed through the unit in the case of a power or fuse failure When the switch is pressed the processed signal is present on the output When in this EQ bypass mode the input is still connected to all of the FCS 966 circuitry so that all of the required facilities can be selected and set up prior to operating the eq in switch and going on air Note that the output meter monitors the input signal when the channel is in bypass mode LF Coriser VL 2 d Lu LC LS LC FCS JES This control allows the signal level at the output of the unit to be raised by up to 10dB or alternatively completely attenuated Around the zero position the effect of the control is finer allowing easy level matching of the equalized to unequalized signals More extreme settings allow the gain control to be used as the main system level control This is useful if there is more than one FCS 966 on the output of a signal source each feeding a separate zone that require different levels An extra feature of the control is that it allows the signal to be completely muted again useful both during setting up and operation FCS 966 con 6 3 HP Filter 6 A LF Contour Rotating this control
22. le gt gt 7 1 a H2 70 ar 4 T A 4d q p UT 4 EQ IN k Gan As the contour controls are gentle in operation they are intended to be used whenever it is desired to change the tonal balance of the sound without disturbing the main equalizer settings 8 6 Use for the HF The LF contour control has many uses but one particular application concerns small PA systems and presentations that contain both pre recorded material and live presentations It is often necessary to use slightly different amounts of bass for each type of program to avoid for example the presenter sounding particularly boomy or the pre recorded material sounding flat The single contour control is ideal for this On larger systems it may become necessary to slightly alter the weight of the bass content to correct for differences between the sound check and the actual live performance Under these circumstances great care will usually have been exercised setting up the main equalizer section during rehearsals to compensate for room acoustics etc and it is highly undesirable to alter these Adjusting the LF contour control provides a simple solution Using the HF Filter in conjunction with LF contour provides a very powerful combination for adding weight to small systems without causing sub sonic overloads HP Filter LF Contour HF 815 9 0 contour es QUE amb
23. ment meter that reads input level when the unit is bypassed and output level when active This allows accurate level matching of the equalized to unequalized signal Indication of overload is provided by a separate clip indicator that simultaneously monitors the level at three critical internal points to ensure that any overload does not go unnoticed When bypassed the FCS 966 connects the output directly to the input with a high quality relay ensuring that a signal passes even with a loss of AC power The relay drive also incorporates a power on delay and AC power loss detector ensuring that there is no possibility of on off thumps being generated by the unit For installation flexibility XLR Jacks and pluggable terminal block combi con connectors are provided as standard with transformer isolation on both the inputs and outputs available as an option The mains lead is a standard detachable IEC type FCS 966 The FCS 966 Fig 4 1 Front Panel EAU 3 3d 3 4d 4 64646 ENIM EE E 8 8 MI ENIM MEM fe ee NN O ENIM MEM O 68 O 8 8 1 us 8 ENEMIES constant Q graphic Don o AEDEM AE bris iii it
24. pping prepaid The unit will be returned to you when the repair has been completed If the unit was purchased in the European Union you may as an alternative return the unit to any other BSS distributor in the European Union You should include a statement listing the faults found The unit s serial number must be quoted in all correspondence relating to a claim We recommend that you record your purchase information here for future reference Dealer gt S Dealer Address Zi Dealer Phone No Dealer Contact Date of Purchase gt J 5 0 0 0 ni rial r In keeping with our policy of continued improvement BSS Audio reserves the right to alter specifications without prior notice Harman Music Group 8760 South Sandy Parkway Sandy Utah 84047 Made in China Phone 801 566 8800 Fax 801 566 7005 World Wide Web address http www bssaudio com 25 FCS 966 Specifications 10 0 General Input Impedance Input Headroom Max Output level Output Impedance Frequency Response Noise Dynamic Range Cross Talk Distortion GAIN control HP filter control LF contour HF contour FREQUENCY bands Specifications 10kOhm balanced or unbalanced gt 20dBu gt 21dBu into 600 ohms or greater lt 50 Ohms unbalanced or unbalanced lt 5Hz to gt 45kHz 1dB lt 94dBu 22Hz to 22kHz gt 115dB lt 80dB 1kHz lt 0 005 THD 80kHz measurement BW 20Hz 20kHz OdBu
25. rmally such a large control range on each slider could cause problems if the unit was being used for fine control This is not a problem with the FCS 966 sliders which provide a fine level of control near the centre or zero position progressively getting more aggressive as the control is advanced towards the ends of the travel Thus both fine musical adjustments and radical audio surgery are possible without operational compromise When the slider is in the central position it is effectively out of circuit 17 FCS 966 General guide to equalising 7 0 18 7 1 What is a graphic 7 2 How do use it General guide to equalizers The graphic equalizer is one of the most common pieces of signal processing equipment It finds uses both in recording environments and live performance as well as sound reinforcement and noise pollution control The graphic equalizer is a very powerful tool and as with all powerful devices caution should be exercised or problems will occur A graphic equalizer operates by splitting the audio signal into a number of individual bands in the case of the FCS 966 30 bands As each of the ten musical octaves that make up the audio spectrum is split into 3 bands the FCS 966 is termed a third octave equalizer The frequency or pitch of each frequency band is printed on the front panel between the rows of sliders Each frequency slider allows signals that fall in that band to be individuall
26. s the local mains supply Acceptable input AC supply voltages range from 115V switch position 90V to 132V 230V switch position 190V to 265V The application of voltages outside these ranges may cause permanent damage or erratic operation of the unit and will invalidate the warranty The mains fuse carrier on the rear of the unit must be fitted with the correct type and rating of fuse depending on the position of the mains voltage selector switch 115V switch position T315mA fuse 230V switch position T200mA fuse In the unlikely event of the mains fuse failing without good reason DISCONNECT THE UNIT FROM THE MAINS SUPPLY and always replace with the appropriately rated fuse as specified previously for continued FCS 966 Introduction protection against damage and fire Note For USA and Canadian users the replacement fuse must be of an identical UL rated type fuse for continued compliance with safety standards Introduction The FCS 966 is a two channel graphic equalizer that provides a generous 15dB of control range on each of 30 constant Q frequency bands For optimum performance each filter band is arranged to be out of circuit if it s sliders are left in the centre of its travel and thus does not contribute unnecessary noise or distortion In addition a sweepable high pass filter variable gain and HF LF contour controls are provided for extra flexibility Indication of level is provided by an 8 seg
27. y raised boosted or lowered cut in level The maximum amount of boost or cut is indicated adjacent to the sliders and in the case of the FCS 966 is 15dB or 30dB overall 30dB corresponds to a change in level of approximately 32 times If the slider is in the centre zero position signals in that band are unaffected As there is individual control of each frequency band the signal can have its tonal quality and balance totally altered As a general rule the sliders on the left 20 of the graphic have affect on the bass sound with the right 20 affecting the treble The sliders towards the centre around 1kHz affect the presence or midrange Fig 7 1 The effect of sliders on different instruments FCS 966 7 3 What does constant Q mean Fig 7 2 difference between constant and non constant Q sliders Figure 7 1 shows very approximately the sliders that have most effect on some common instruments having an effect is related to the harmonic richness of the sound A flute for example generating relatively pure tones will only have energy in a small number of bands at a given time whereas a guitar has harmonics covering most bands When applied to the guitar the equalizer will be capable of completely changing the sound A graphic equalizer may be used for both creative and corrective use Both these uses can apply to whole sound systems or individual instruments When used creatively it may be set to c
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