EVBUM2099 - 90-135 Vac up to 15 Watt Dimmable LED Driver
Contents
1. Vac Figure 9 Line Regulation for 6 LED Load http onsemi com 9 NCL30000LED1GEVB Conducted EMI Shown below in Figure 10 is a scan of conducted EMI for this demonstration board This unit meets the requirements of CISPR 22 with at least 6dB margin dBuV 80 70 60 50 40 SAA i 30 AA 20 i 10 0 10 20 EN 55022 Class B Conducted Quasi Peak EN 55022 Class B Conducted Average ad were AA Ai Wl aa at T war Zeg Average 1 10 2 17 2010 10 16 53 AM Start 0 15 Stop 30 00 MHz Figure 10 Conducted EMI Scan Conclusion The NCL30000LEDIGEVB is a versatile dimmer compatible LED driver This board provides rapid assessment of capabilities and serves as a basis for LED driver solutions Smooth flicker free dimming performance is demonstrated with a wide variety of commercially Additional Application Information and Tools The NCL30000LEDIGEVB evaluation board NCL30000 datasheet AND8451 Power Stage Design Guidelines Microsoft Excel Design Spreadsheet and AND8448 TRIAC Dimming application note are available at www onsemi com available dimmers Full 350 mA LED current is provided at maximum dimmer setting High power factor and high efficiency provide a cost effective solution for a dimmer compatible LED driver Microsoft and Excel are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation ON Semiconductor and O are registered trademarks of Sem2. load The filter can 20 of the full power As the current delivered is reduced be optimized for higher power factor in applications the fixed losses for startup and biasing begin to dominate the requiring less power efficiency curve resulting in a steep drop off of efficiency Power factor and input current Total Harmonic Distortion THD are performance factors receiving considerable http onsemi com 7 NCL30000LED1GEVB 20 1 00 0 98 8 a T ai E 0 96 d ko 5 5 3 8 Li 53 m a o z 0 94 A Q 2 a THD 12 LED i THD 6 LED Z A W i 0 92 E PF 12LED PF6LED v 2 SH 0 s 0 90 90 95 100 105 110 115 120 125 130 135 Input Voltage Vac Figure 7 Power Factor and THD The evaluation board was tested with a variety of of greater than 20 1 was demonstrated consistently with the commercial dimmers Figure 8 shows the dimming exception being the trailing edge dimmer which has a performance with several triac and electronic dimmers limited range of conduction control inherent in the model Dimming control range varies by manufacturer but a range tested 400 350 pee i KE w yd Z n 300 7 LA J Fa 250 WA os x E pf b z Pi e Leviton Sureslide 2 200 AA a Leviton Electronic 3 LC e S O A p Cooper Aspire n
3. 2 exceeds the zener voltage plus 0 7 V D12 is presently 56 V which means the maximum output will be approximately 56 7 V D12 can be changed to protect output capacitors of different voltage rating Select D12 zener voltage to match open load requirements The location of D12 is shown in Figure 4 Typical Performance Data Figure 6 below displays the relationship between input voltage and LED current for a 12 LED 13 W load Higher input voltages allow the secondary side control loop to regulate 350 mA output current at 37 V nominal load Note the inflection point where reduction in current begins as the input voltage is reduced below 110 V ac This is the dimming inception point http onsemi com 6 NCL30000LED1GEVB 400 e 90 350 80 300 70 250 60 T E gt E Oo Cc E g 200 50 2 2 S a LI 150 40 100 30 50 20 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 Input Voltage Vac Figure 6 Line Regulation and Efficiency for 13 W Load Efficiency performance is shown in Figure 6 as well Note attention from utility companies and government agencies the efficiency remains above 70 until the output current Figure 7 below displays exemplary performance of the drops to about 70 mA The output voltage is about 34 V evaluation board Data for 6 and 12 LED loads are shown meaning the delivered power is about 2 4 W or less than The EMI filter was designed for a 17 5 W
4. E HO Figure 5 PCB Holes for Transformer Leads http onsemi com 5 NCL30000LED1GEVB As built the evaluation board is suitable for 17 5 W maximum The transformer secondary windings will support up to 1 A of LED current with secondary windings configured in parallel A 200 V output rectifier was selected for applications up to 50 V de output and 135 V ac input Lower voltage rectifiers are recommended for applications below 50 V de and or 135 V ac input A lower forward voltage drop output rectifier will improve efficiency Selecting a rectifier with a higher current rating typically provides lower forward drop at the currents of interest A 6 A rectifier was selected for the evaluation board to provide low forward drop Applications with sufficiently low output voltage and or low maximum input voltage could benefit from a low forward voltage drop Schottky rectifier Any change to the output rectifier requires verifying the maximum voltage rating is not exceeded Output Capacitor The evaluation board regulates constant current and therefore the output voltage is determined by the LED load characteristics at the set current level Energy storage to maintain high power factor and low output ripple current requires relatively large output filter capacitors The LED load can be modeled as a constant voltage source with some series impedance In essence the ripple current in the LEDs is controlled by the series impedance couplin
5. EE Transformer Primary Inductance 0 00157 5 Nominal On Time Capacitor Charge Current 275 uA Transformer Secondary Efficiency 0 95 Vo Dimming Point Peak Voltage 108 Vrms 152 7 Vpk Vetmax Nominal On Time Capacitor Peak Voltage 4 93 N Transformer Turns Ratio Vout LED Load Voltage 12 LEDs 4 0 00157 12 275u C9 0 95 152 72 4 93 In practice the value of capacitance calculated is an approximation of operating conditions and optimization is required Empirical testing with a dimmer may be done to select the optimum input voltage for dimming to begin A value of 470 pF was selected for C9 on the evaluation board to achieve desired results Modifying this evaluation board for alternate LED configurations and power levels is straight forward Using the equation above enter the target LED power LED voltage and the target AC input voltage below which dimming should occur Select a capacitor somewhat below the value returned by the approximate formula Performance should be evaluated using the desired dimmers Check operation by noting the conduction angle below which LED current reduces Increasing the value of capacitor C9 lowers the conduction angle where dimming occurs Performance can be optimized by selecting the value of C9 Figure 4 below is the bottom side of the evaluation board Component locations are circled indicating those values that are most likely to be changed to opti
6. NCL30000LED1GEVB 90 135 Vac up to 15 Watt Dimmable LED Driver Evaluation Board User s Manual Introduction The NCL30000 is a power factor corrected LED driver controller This evaluation board manual describes the setup and operation of the NCL30000LED1GEVB LED driver for 115 V input The evaluation board implements an isolated single stage Critical conduction Mode CrM flyback converter providing a regulated constant current to an LED load This board has been specifically configured to support leading and trailing edge line dimming and has been characterized across a range of commercially available dimmers The output voltage range is suitable for nominal 4 to 15 high brightness power LEDs Protection features include open load protection over temperature protection and overload limiting As shipped the evaluation board is set up for the following parameters Evaluation Board Specifications e Input Voltage Range 90 135 Vac Output Current 350 mA 5 Output Voltage Range 12 50 Vdc Output Power up to 17 5 W Full Load Efficiency gt 83 Power Factor gt 0 95 Typical e 50 C Ambient Operation Class B Conducted Emissions Compatible with Triac and Electronic Dimmers Semiconductor Components Industries LLC 2012 1 September 2012 Rev 3 ON Semiconductor hitp onsemi com EVAL BOARD USER S MANUAL This manual also focuses on how the board can be modified to support alternate output currents
7. Z A Lutron Skylark 150 f a x Leviton Illumittech J EA e Lutron Digital Fade x Leviton Rotary 100 E GE DI 61 J e Lutron Toggler 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 Conduction Angles degrees Figure 8 Performance of Evaluation Board with Various Line Dimmers http onsemi com 8 NCL30000LED1GEVB Table 3 lists commercial dimmers successfully tested with the evaluation board The load is 12 LEDs Vf 37 Vdc and nominal current is set for 350 mA Table 3 DIMMER COMPATIBILITY CHART onn on LI ez Le A Manufacturer Dimmer Model degrees Conduction Angle mA wa see n A E Gooner esea on n ton kou n n n e EREECHEN ECO KUER Configuration for 6 6 W 6 LED Load Figure 9 shows line regulation data for this 6 LED load Using the formula for C9 shown in the ON time Capacitor with C9 at the original value of 470 pF and the new value of section above a new capacitor value based on a 6 LED load 270 pF Note the dimming inception voltage shifts up to operating at 350 mA 6 6 W is calculated The formula gives about 110 V ac This provides a wider dimming range as was 237 pF A value of 270 pF is selected for optimum demonstrated in Figure 6 for the 13 W LED load performance 400 350 300 250 LED Current mA 8 CH 150 e 6LEDs 470 pF g 6 LEDs 270 pF 100 50 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Input Voltage
8. and power levels The NCL30000 datasheet contains additional information on operation of the controller and LED driver application Application Note AND8451 details power stage design details and AND8448 provides specific information for dimming applications Design calculations are covered in greater detail in these documents The compact evaluation board is constructed with through hole components on the top and surface mount components on the bottom side This board was designed to meet safety agency requirements but has not been evaluated for compliance When operating this board observe standard safe working practices High voltages are present on the board and caution should be exercised when handling or probing various points to avoid personal injury or damage to the unit Figures 1 and 2 show the top and bottom sides of this evaluation board AC input connects to the terminal block in the upper left corner Terminals are marked L and N for Line and Neutral The LED load connects to the terminal block in the upper right corner Note the board is labeled LED and LED Observe polarity when connecting LED loads Never connect LEDs to the driver while it is running or before the output capacitors discharge after removing input power In open load conditions the output capacitors charge to 56 V Energy stored in the output capacitance can damage or shorten the effective life of the LEDs if improperly discharged into
9. g the constant voltage nature of the filter capacitance and constant voltage characteristic of the LEDs in a complex relationship Two 470 uF capacitors connected in parallel provide about 30 or 105 mA peak to peak ripple for a 350 mA average LED current Increasing the output capacitance reduces the ripple current and conversely decreasing capacitance will increase the ripple Applications requiring average output currents other than 350 mA can be scaled to this value For example an application requiring 700 mA requires two 1 000 uF capacitors in parallel to provide 30 ripple Primary Current Limit Maximum current in the switching FET Q3 is established by R20 The demo board components have been designed to support up to 17 5 W output at 90 V rms input Note C9 has been preconfigured for 470 pF which limits the maximum power If the application requires alternate power level or input voltage the value of R20 can be adjusted Lower power or high input line voltage applications my benefit from a higher value resistance which provides cycle by cycle current monitoring in the event of a fault The formula below provides an estimated value for R20 which includes a 25 tolerance for components and start up conditions 0 5 R20 r 1 25 Ii eq 5 Open Load Protection The evaluation board includes a circuit to protect the output capacitors in the event of open load conditions The output voltage will be limited when zener diode D1
10. iconductor Components Industries LLC SCILLC SCILLC owns the rights to a number of patents trademarks copyrights trade secrets and other intellectual property A listing of SCILLC s product patent coverage may be accessed at www onsemi com site pdf Patent Marking pdf SCILLC reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein SCILLC makes no warranty representation or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any particular purpose nor does SCILLC assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit and specifically disclaims any and all liability including without limitation special consequential or incidental damages Typical parameters which may be provided in SCILLC data sheets and or specifications can and do vary in different applications and actual performance may vary over time All operating parameters including Typicals must be validated for each customer application by customer s technical experts SCILLC does not convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others SCILLC products are not designed intended or authorized for use as components in systems intended for surgical implant into the body or other applications intended to support or sustain life or for any other application in which the failure of the SCILLC product could create a situation where personal injury or death may occur Should Buyer purchase or use SCILLC products fo
11. mize for a different power level Table 2 WINDING CONFIGURATION 152 7 1 394 pF ea 2 3 83 37 Output Current Setup A particular driver application may require LED current other than 350 mA Output current is controlled by R29 located in Figure 4 The following formula is used to set the output current 0 07 Dissipation for current sense resistor R29 is defined by the formula below R29 eq 3 out pa 0 072 R29 R29 The secondary windings of power transformer T1 are connected in series to support the 50 V 350 mA output rating of the evaluation board Applications below 25 V or greater than 450 mA output should have the transformer secondary windings configured in parallel This helps maintain proper primary bias voltage and enhances current carrying capability of the transformer Table 2 shows how to configure the transformer flying leads in the PCB holes for series and parallel configuration Figure 5 is the top side of the circuit board highlighting the wire holes H1 H6 eq 4 Series default FL1 Parallel FL1 FL3 http onsemi com NCL30000LED1GEVB LN NA 115 230 7 90 3050 50 60Hz Lk E gd del A YON LY is C Figure 4 Bottom Side PCB Component Locations L HUN ke 4 EN l Lil a el Li ke T1 oO l sL Ze P L od o l TF on Re Semiconductor on RY Ser QGZIPFSEEUR gt AE su
12. r any such unintended or unauthorized application Buyer shall indemnify and hold SCILLC and its officers employees subsidiaries affiliates and distributors harmless against all claims costs damages and expenses and reasonable attorney fees arising out of directly or indirectly any claim of personal injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized use even if such claim alleges that SCILLC was negligent regarding the design or manufacture of the part SCILLC is an Equal Opportunity Affirmative Action Employer This literature is subject to all applicable copyright laws and is not for resale in any manner PUBLICATION ORDERING INFORMATION LITERATURE FULFILLMENT Literature Distribution Center for ON Semiconductor P O Box 5163 Denver Colorado 80217 USA Phone 303 675 2175 or 800 344 3860 Toll Free USA Canada Fax 303 675 2176 or 800 344 3867 Toll Free USA Canada Email orderlit onsemi com N American Technical Support 800 282 9855 Toll Free ON Semiconductor Website www onsemi com USA Canada Europe Middle East and Africa Technical Support Phone 421 33 790 2910 Japan Customer Focus Center Phone 81 3 5817 1050 Order Literature http www onsemi com orderlit For additional information please contact your local Sales Representative EVBUM2099 D
13. sg p SC Lil J 4u001 T v I w Zu D Lin ge Cu Lat 0z9aynn 01a ds ZWISLZA A pans 10N pomon Di ger t 20 GH 19 94 vu LAY MS CH n i dwe L oun AAAS NI LOOPVHN ZOOPYHIN Wu e ta Lu vea vid Figure 3 Board Schematic onsemi com http NCL30000LED1GEVB Board Configuration The evaluation board has been optimized for dimming with a 12 W load Output current is regulated at 350 mA from 135 V rms down to a setpoint of about 108 V rms When the input voltage is 108 V rms the control method changes from closed loop secondary side current control to primary side control As the input voltage is reduced further the output current drops in a smooth fashion in response to the lower input voltage This response matches the driver to a dimmer thus emulating the dimming response of an incandescent bulb The following information details reconfiguring the evaluation board for alternate applications Table 1 VARIABLES FOR CALCULATING CT CAPACITOR On time Capacitor The input voltage at which dimming or reduction of output current occurs is controlled by C9 power delivered to the LED load and parameters from the evaluation board The approximate value of C9 is calculated by the formula below V pk 4 eq 1 n Vout Values in the equation above are described in Table 1 below 4 L P pri out charge C9 2 V Votmax Variable Description Value for Evaluation Board
14. the LEDs Publication Order Number EVBUM2099 D SHH af NCL30000LED1GEVB M CE NHG CE NHG M CENHG Figure 1 Top Side of Board a9 Kl 115 e 230 n 90 305 an 58 68Hz Figure 2 Bottom Side of Board http onsemi com 2 NCL30000LED1GEVB po ee I 19528d an or k ey men n x s a SE s sy 5 e SCH WA ASL LY epoure9 31 Mt SZ WHO EE Adozy D LI eu S sd LASOPBXZE vou 3 A A ere Ars if En A La 8d Y 6H venn yU00L ie On 001 E BUT Si Me A VA GEI ELI O000ETIN LIH aut not LEH OLH SCH E T F l vi i daich g OZ SO L9 Wt 99 m ML 0 alO9 PE rly S CH E d 2 Ae 19 al nen LER 0 g F i g LOA da t re weg voez In ou 9 ch amor 1001 OO SEN zano 9smva ai a K we EI HI ELO EHINI 20ule 4 002 en 40004 4 4 4 L 124 doo Age Re 4 SC I 9nsovexza an 4 Ha NS E wr DT e eld Dis MA 0197 Pan ON gen ou H ML Hit anot tesva ECH eu sr sr 110 90vLaNN FL ML e GR ezu ogivanw s S wee l ad ZOOPVHN ZOOPVHIN L Li ka wv YA Zo za au 2 SEN enna e DU an 9 noe e si d Ve ing jin A aoe
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