Application Note
Contents
1. Pico Products from Texas Instruments Design Note D401 Interfacing CC1020 1 to the MSP430 Keywords MSP430 CC1020 CC1021 CC1070 1 Introduction The purpose of this design note is to show how to interface the CC1020 EMX to the MSP430Fixx A41x family The example shows the interconnection between the CC1020 1 transceiver and the MSP430F169 The protocol defined in application note ANO25 1 2 has been ported to the MSP430 where the main functionalities are maintained transceiver configuration through the SPI interface and RF communication The software handles the transceiver and MCU configuration and a basic RF communication protocol The hardware consists of an MSP FET430 Development Tool from Texas Instruments equipped M a TEXAS INSTRUMENTS SWRAT115 By Giuseppe Mazzoleni Application Example MSP430 and SmartRF04 EB Interfacing CC 1020 using SPI Protocol Example with an MSP430F169 MCU The kit can be connected to the CC1020 hosted on the SmartRF 04 EB from Chipcon Texas Instruments An auxiliary node must be used to implement and test the RF protocol The software is compatible with the IAR C C compiler and the MSP GCC compiler from GNU Any SPI capable interface module within the MSP430 family is supported within the code Bit banging functions can also be easily added This approach is obviously more flexible but on the other hand it can be slow with a slow microcontroller Page 1 of 122. 8 8 CC102X DCLK 9 RS 232 RD 9 LED2 10 10 SDA LCD display 11 RS 232 TD 11 LED3 12 12 SCL LCD display 13 RS 232 RTS 13 CC102X PSEL 14 14 15 Joystick push RS 232 CTS 15 CC102X PCLK 16 16 17 Joystick 17 CC102X PDI 18 18 GND 19 Potmeter 19 CC102X PDO 20 GND 20 GND Table 2 I O Connector A and B Pin Out Table 3 summarizes which O ohm resistors must be removed in order to isolate the selected signal from the USB MCU which governs the SmartRF 04 motherboard The signals which directly interface the external prototyping board with the EMX are highlighted TEXAS INSTRUMENTS SWRA115 Page 5 of 12 G Ehipeon Products Design Note D 4O 1 from Texas Instruments Signal Name Resistor Function SO GDO1 MISO R117 SPI MISO SO PDO SCLK R115 SPI Serial clock PCLK LED3 R113 LED3 yellow active low LED_4 R120 LED4 Blue active low JOY R106 Joystick input analogue coded voltage LED2 R111 LED2 Red active low LED1 R110 LED1 Green active low POT R107 Potmeter input JOY_PUSH R112 Joystick pushed PWM_OUTPUT R105 PWM audio output BUTTON_PUSH R101 Button pushed MIC_INPUT R104 Audio input SCL R124 12S clock for LCD SDA R123 12S data for LCD GDO2 DC R122 Transceiver Transmitter DCLK GDOO DD R121 Transceiver Transmitter DIO UART_RD R102 UART RD UART_TD R103 UART TD CS SS R114 SPI slave select signal PSEL MOSI R116 SPI MOSI SI PD
3. G Chipcon Products from Texas Instruments Design Note D401 Table of Contents KEYWORDS 2 2 s ea aa ak vi S cutuxesndsaaceasnudeve such Ga we ak un S t ka kak pata in TS 1 1 INTRODUCTION 1 2 ABBREVIATO N G l u don a a n ai ad a ai il aa ra a a mt l n ra a a sas 2 3 DESCRIPTION u Sa kl ala anaana al saksasqa ca ala a mak kk ei ala a mal kf a n aa na 3 4 HARDWARE u kw ai u w ai ou pk da mw bu au di ak kk a Ba w aw ou da ak kk da oka qua anko saaa dat else ano aaau aii 3 5 CG1020 12 2 uu n s a e n t a a ko a et a ea den 7 6 SOFTWARE vvsseccnsesscsssccstestassntvascasatassndessvensdeasensedsatuascdeascadvedsndscdsstvuacdanddacadestdudadessuddadss 7 6 1 PACKET PROTOCOL tisi uu u saba aae sevo Lu dodo senk a E aAA ae 8 6 2 SOURCE FILES E t ou da sa dw t tava dfedoa ga b s S a ae kapa dada ka k ad uh DA otan Led Ta 8 7 MODIFICGATIQN u ul lu tn ao man n a nn ma a ka a m n a ki pm m m aaa at aa ea ason 9 8 REFERENCE S ii sisi vl uuu u ma n u n n n a ka n kt a a w 10 9 GENERAL INFORMATION U 11 9 1 DOCUMENT HISTORY 0 0 0scceeeseeesseeeeeeseseceeeeeseeeseseeeeeeeeeeeseseeeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 11 10 IMPORTANT NOTICE 12 2 Ab
4. I Table 3 Connection of Peripherals on SmartRF 04EB The MSP430 communicates to the CC102x via the SPI bus on USART1 Table 4 shows the port pin connections and the signal names ki TEXAS INSTRUMENTS SWRA115 Page 6 of 12 Chipcon Products from Texas Instruments Design Note D401 MSP430 pin name Signal Name SmartRFO4 Peripherals P1 0 TACLK LED1 P1 1 TAO LED2 LEDs optional P1 2 TA1 LED3 P1 3 TA2 LED4 P1 4 SCLK Push button S1 Button optional P4 0 TBO Joystick Push CTS Joystick optional P6 0 A0 Joystick P2 4 CA1 TA2 CC102X GDOO DIO P2 6 ADC12CLK DMAEO SFD CC102X GDO2 DCLK P5 3 UCLK1 CC102X SCLK PCLK CC102x EMX P5 2 SOMI1 CC102X SO GDO1 PDO P5 1 SIMO1 CC102X SI PDI P5 0 STE1 CC102X CSn PSEL P3 1 SIMOO SDA SDA LCD display SMBus LCD optional P3 3 UCLK0 SCL SCL LCD display P3 4 UTXDO RS 232 TD RS232 level shifter P3 5 URXDO RS 232 RD optional Table 4 MSP430 Pin and Corresponding Signal Name on the SmartRF04 EB 5 CC1020 1 The MSP430 configures and controls the CC102x via a high speed SPI bus Other signals to and from the CC102x are required to successfully acquire packets from the RF transmission Please refer to CC102x documentation for more information about the signal definitions and their usage 9 6 Software The software developed for the MSP430F169 microcontroller is written for the IAR MSP430 C comp
5. breviations ADC Analog to Digital Converter DCLK Data Clock DIO Data Input Output DK Development Kit DMA Direct Memory Access EB SmartRF 04EB evaluation board EM Evaluation Module FLASH Non volatile memory for storing of mainly program code GPIO General Purpose Input Output pin MCU Micro Controller Unit PCLK Programming Clock SPI interface PDI Programming Data Input PDO Programming Data Output PSEL Programming Chip Select RAM Random Access Memory SOF Start Of Frame SPI Serial Peripheral Interface SVS Supply Voltage Supervisor UART Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter USB Universal Serial Bus USI Universal Serial Interface i We TEXAS rs SWRA115 Page 2 of 12 G Ehipoon Products Design Note D 4O 1 from Texas Instruments 3 Description The example introduced here exploits two MSP430F169 microcontrollers connected to two CC1020 1 transceivers The microcontrollers and the transceivers are interfaced through a MSP FET430 socket module 5 a SmartRF04 EB and the CC1020 1 EMXs Two nodes are required to establish a half duplex RF link The two evaluation boards are belonging to the CC1100 CC2500 DK 6 while the two evaluation modules are included in the associated CC1020DK 7 The evaluation boards can be easily substituted by a specific hardware defining the correct interface between the microcontroller and the transceiver 3 4 We followed this type of approach to focus our attention on the software handling A comp
6. cket with a greater data length than this the packet is discarded see Table 5 Field Length Format Preamble 4 bytes Alternating Os and 1s SOF 2 bytes 0x33CC for modem application Unit address 1 byte 0 for broadcast 1 255 for unit address not currently used Data length 1 byte Length of data payload Data Variable Variable Data payload maximum length of the packet is 64 bytes Table 5 Data Protocol 62 Source Files The software consists of several source code files A quick overview of the files is provided in Table 6 File name Short description main c Main program source file modemhw h Header file defining the I O pin SPI usage and RF packet format cc1020 c Function library for configuring and using CC 1020 See application note 3 cc1020 h Header file for cc1020 c also includes definitions for all the registers of the CC1020 usart c RS232 USARTO initialization character transmission interrupt c Contains the RF modem interrupt handler main h Header file used by interrupt c to gain access to variables shared with the main program config c Configuration of the CC1020 calls to the cc1020 c Table 6 Summary of Software Source Files Figure 3 shows a stack diagram of the library Note that one of the files displayed in the stack is the standard definition file for the specific MSP430 device being used This file is included with the development environmen
7. ed adding an external crystal in order to increase the speed of the MCU and have higher frequency accuracy Other peripherals which are available on the SmartRF04 EB can be interfaced with the microcontroller developing more complicated applications The RF connection could be upgraded designing a simple star network configuration and also the power consumptions of the system can be drastically optimized The protocol should take into account the possibility of a handshaking mechanism among the RF nodes defining for example Binding and Acknowledge packets The execution time of the interrupt routine which handles the reception and the transmission of the RF packets can be improved exploiting a hardware serial interface or rewriting the code at a lower level M a TEXAS INSTRUMENTS SWRA115 Page 9 of 12 G Ehipeon Products Design Note D 4O 1 from Texas Instruments 8 References 1 AN025 CC 1020 RF MODEM Technical document swra067 pdf 2 AN025 CC1020 RF MODEM Associated code files swra067 zip 3 AN023 CC1020 MCU Interfacing Technical document swra069 pdf 4 AN023 CC1020 MCU Interfacing Associated code files swra069 zi 5 MSP FET430 FLASH Emulation Tool User s Guide slau138c pdf 6 CC1150 1100 2500 2550DK User Manual swru040a pdf 7 CC1020 1070 DK User Manual swru052 pdf 8 Mixed Signal Microcontroller Data sheet msp430f169 pdf 9 CC1020 Single Chip Low Power RF Transceiver for Narrowband Syste
8. hipcon Products Design Note D 4O 1 from Texas Instruments Part Number Flash RAM GPIO ADC Other Peripherals MSP430F 156 24 KB 1 KB 48 12 bit SAR 2 DAC 12 Analog Comparator DMA SVS MSP430F 168 48 KB 2KB 48 12 bit SAR 2 DAC 12 Analog Comparator DMA Hardware Multiplier SVS MSP430F 149 60 KB 2 KB 48 12 bit SAR Analog Comparator Hardware Multiplier MSP430F 148 48 KB 2 KB 48 12 bit SAR Analog Comparator Hardware Multiplier MSP430F 167 32 KB 1 KB 48 12 bit SAR 2 DAC 12 Analog Comparator DMA Hardware Multiplier SVS MSP430F 1611 48 KB 10KB 48 12 bit SAR 2 DAC 12 Analog Comparator DMA Hardware Multiplier SVS MSP430F 147 32 KB 1 KB 48 12 bit SAR Analog Comparator Hardware Multiplier MSP430F2011 2 KB 128 B 10 Slope Analog Comparator Timer UART MSP430F2013 2 KB 128 B 10 Slope Analog Comparator Timer UART USI for SPI Table 1 Some MSP Microcontrollers Suitable for this Type of Application The microcontroller can be programmed using a JTAG module MSP430FET available from TI 5 In this example the SmartRF 04 is used as a motherboard for the CC1020EMX interfacing the MSP430F169 and the CC1020 1 radio transceiver The motherboard EB is populated with O ohm resistors which connect the signal lines from the EM to the USB MCU and the various peripherals on the EB board The O ohm resistors must be removed to isolate the USB MCU from the EM selectively for all the signals The signal
9. iler Configuration of the CC102x is performed using general I O pins and the MSP430 s SPI interface The demo application is simple you can send ASCII characters from one PC to the other Furthermore pressing a switch on one board causes a corresponding LED on another board to toggle The highest priority task of the software is performed by the external interrupt handler which is triggered by transitions in the DCLK clock coming from the CC1020 The main program handles state transitions writes data from the RX buffer to the UART reads any incoming data from the UART stores it in the TX buffer and handles the time out and button de bouncing Configuration of the CC 1020 is performed using the MSP s SPI interface For more details on CC1020 configuration issues see AN023 3 Most of the microcontrollers SRAM data memory is used for buffering the incoming and outgoing data streams When data arrives from the UART the UART main program stores the data in the TX buffer and an RF packet is sent only after a timeout or when the buffer is M a TEXAS INSTRUMENTS SWRA115 Page 7 of 12 G Ehipeon Products Design Note D 4O 1 from Texas Instruments full When data is received via RF the data is buffered in the RX ring buffer and sent to the PC via the UART 6 1 Packet protocol The protocol chosen for the RF modem is a simple variable length packet protocol where the maximum packet length is 64 bytes If the modem receives a pa
10. lete example project is provided with the code The purpose of this project is to demonstrate the use of the library together with the Chipcon Texas Instruments DK It is intended to provide a boost in the development of MSP430 CCxxxx based products but is not a comprehensive guide to using the CC 1020 1 An overview of the connection schema is depicted in Figure 1 CC1100 CC2500 DK MSP FET430 Figure 1 Bidirectional RF link MSP430 SmartRf04 EB and CC1020 4 Hardware The MCU chosen for the design is the MSP430F 169 8 This MCU has several peripherals it integrates a 12 bit analog to digital converter ADC12 with built in voltage reference and temperature sensor a dual 12 bit D A converter and two universal serial synchronous asynchronous communication interfaces This enables easy interface to various sensors directly In addition to the peripherals this device features 60Kbytes of Flash program memory 2Kbytes of RAM and DMA to support quite complex wireless networking protocols There is a wide choice of drop in replacement MSP430 derivatives that can be used on this hardware platform based on the end applications and memory requirements Some compatible devices are listed in Table 1 It must be pointed out that this controller has processing and memory capacity which exceeds the requirement of the software example so this software could execute on smaller microcontrollers 4a TEXAS INSTRUMENTS SWRA115 Page 3 of 12 e C
11. lines can then be controlled by for instance another MCU development board MSP FET430 by connecting it to the I O connectors P11 I O_B and P10 I O_A The I O connectors bring out all the signals from the EM connectors These connectors make it easy to attach additional external circuitry using a ribbon cable to connect a prototyping board see Figure 2 and Figure 3 The following describes which signals are routed to the external headers P10 and P11 In order to activate the connection between the prototyping board and the transceiver EM only a set of six signals is required refer to Table 2 highlighted light blue rows In addition the prototyping board can also exploit the supply voltage provided by the SmartRF 04 motherboard 3 3V highlighted light yellow rows The SmartRF 04 can be powered in several different ways DC USB or Battery powered Please refer to the DK user guide 6 to obtain more details about the power supply configuration Figure 2 System Overview Connection of the MCU with the EM through the EB M a TEXAS INSTRUMENTS SWRA115 Page 4 of 12 C Chipcon Products from Texas Instruments Design Note D401 Figure 3 Basic Connection MSP430 and SmartRF 04EB P10 I O Connector A P11 I O Connector B PIN Function PIN Function 1 1 2 2 3 Mic input 3 3 3V 4 3 3V 4 LED4 5 3 3V 5 LED1 6 6 CC102X DIO 7 Push button 7 Audio output
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13. ms Data sheet cc1020 pdf M a TEXAS INSTRUMENTS SWRA115 Page 10 of 12 Ehipeon Products Design Note D 4O 1 from Texas Instruments 9 General Information 9 1 Document History Revision Dae Description Changes SWRA 15 2006 10 06 M a TEXAS INSTRUMENTS SWRA115 Page 11 of 12 G Ehipeon Products Design Note D 4O 1 from Texas Instruments 10 Important Notice Texas Instruments Incorporated and its subsidiaries Tl reserve the right to make corrections modifications enhancements improvements and other changes to its products and services at any time and to discontinue any product or service without notice Customers should obtain the latest relevant information before placing orders and should verify that such information is current and complete All products are sold subject to Tl s terms and conditions of sale supplied at the time of order acknowledgment TI warrants performance of its hardware products to the specifications applicable at the time of sale in accordance with Tl s standard warranty Testing and other quality control techniques are used to the extent TI deems necessary to support this warranty Except where mandated by government requirements testing of all parameters of each product is not necessarily performed Tl assumes no liability for applications assistance or customer product design Customers are responsible for their products and applications using TI components To minimize the risks a
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15. t being used to create the MSP430 software main c Application ei DW u nterrupt c config c I P RF packets SPI unctione cc1020 c mana functions Hardware CC1020 h msp430x16x h configuration Figure 3 Code Stack ka TEXAS INSTRUMENTS SWRA115 Page 8 of 12 G Ehipeon Products Design Note D 4O 1 from Texas Instruments The software is implemented as a state machine with three different states refer to Figure 4 In the IDLE state the modem looks for a valid incoming preamble and for data from the RS 232 interface If the RF modem detects a valid incoming preamble and it is followed by a valid start of frame SOF word the modem enters the RX state If the transmit buffer is full or if the timeout period has expired since the last character was received from the RS 232 interface the modem enters the TX state In the RX state header data is handled in the interrupt handler data is buffered in a circular buffer and transmitted via the RS 232 interface in the main program In the TX state the data in the transmit buffer is sent to the CC1020 for transmission State switching is performed by the main program the interrupt routine updates a NextState variable when a state change occurs Valid preamble TX buffer full or and SOF time out elapsed Finished receiving data or error detect Finished sending data Figure 4 State Diagram 7 Modification The hardware configuration can be modifi
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