WSliq User`s Manual
Contents
1. Idriss Boulanger Select individually as desired to compute FS and Nreg values Cetin et al Buttons Item Comments Update Plot the FS criterion drawing a dashed line at the specified FS value Help Display brief description of P for Cetin s model Compute Computes FS and Neq using selected procedures FS Histogram Displays histogram of computed FS values reflecting variability in magnitudes contributing to PGA ground motion hazard at selected return period Mw Histogram Displays histogram of magnitudes contributing to PGA ground motion hazard for selected return period Performance Based Analyses Performance based analyses are also easily performed with WSliq As discussed in Section 5 6 3 the Cetin et al liquefaction potential model was used for performance based analyses The user is simply required to provide a return period for plotting purposes and the program obtains the required data from the ground motion hazard database Figure H 6 shows the performance based analysis sub tab and Table H 6 describes the input required to perform performance based analyses H 11 HM WSDOT Liquefaction Hazard Evaluation System beta _ 5 xj ste Seatle I Latitude jaz 620 N Longitude ji22 350 w Analyst hame Process Welcome Soil Profile Susceptibility Initiation Effects Report Single Scenario Multiple Scenario Orman Loading Return Perio2. Figure H 3 Liquefaction Susceptibility Tab Table H 3 Required Information and Buttons on Soil Profile Tab Text Box Information Item Comments Enter plasticity index for each layer Note that the notation N P non plastic ila will appear in this box for all layers with zero fines wc LL Enter ratio of water content to liquid limit in decimal form Note that the notation N P non plastic will appear in this box for all layers with zero fines Tiresheid Enter threshold value of Susceptibility Index for judgment of soil as liquefiable SI Entering a threshold value of 0 0 will cause all layers to be treated as susceptible to liquefaction in subsequent calculations H 6 Slider control Item Comments Ue As Use slider to select weighting factors to be applied to Boulanger Idriss and Bray Weighting x Sct ope Sancio procedures for evaluation of liquefaction potential Weighting factor values will automatically add up to 1 0 Buttons Item Comments Computes susceptibility index values for Boulanger Idriss and Bray Sancio models computes Susceptibility Index according to weighting factors and Evaluate anaes nee f denotes susceptibility in yes no manner by comparing Susceptibility Index with threshold value The results of the susceptibility evaluation are expressed in terms of SI values for both the Boulanger Idriss and Bray Sancio pr
3. Appendix I WSliq Database Update Instructions The seismic hazard database that comes with the WSliq program was created by downloading seismic hazard data on a grid across Washington State from the USGS website When a user enters an arbitrary latitude and longitude the program interpolates the seismic hazard data for the site of interest using an inverse distance weighting procedure i e one in which the contributions of the nearby grid points are weighted in inverse proportion to their distance from the site For particularly important projects and for projects near faults where seismicity may change rapidly over relatively short distances more accurate results may be possible by downloading data for the site latitude and longitude and adding it to the database Also the USGS hazard mapping procedures change periodically for example when new attenuation relationships are developed or when new sources are added so that it may be necessary to update the database This appendix provides instructions for expanding and or updating the seismic hazard database Two procedures are required to update the seismic hazard database for WSLiq analysis program The first procedure involves downloading the raw seismic hazard data from the USGS website and the second one imports the downloaded files to the WSliq seismic hazard database Downloading USGS Files 1 Go to the 2002 Interactive Deaggregations page at the USGS Seismic Hazard Mapping web
4. 93 0 83 The results of multiple scenario analyses are displayed graphically as plots FS and Nreq vs depth and numerically in tabular form in the window below the plots Clicking on either of the plots will produce a larger version of the plot The numerical data can be accessed within the multiple scenario tab or on the Report tab they can also be saved on the Report tab H 10 Table H 5 Required Information and Buttons on Multiple Scenario Liquefaction Initiation Tab Loading Parameter Information Item Return Period Comments Enter desired return period in years followed by carriage return to display corresponding peak ground acceleration Additional Input Item Comments Reference FS Enter a factor of safety value of interest This option plots a line at that factor of safety to allow easy comparison of calculated factors of safety with user defined criteria Cetin s PL The probability of liquefaction Pz to be used in Cetin et al deterministic analysis Value of 0 6 has been found to produce similar results to NCEER model at shallow depths Liquefaction Models Item Comments Select All Select to compute FS and Nreq using NCEER Idriss Boulanger and Cetin et al procedures WSDOT NCEER Select to compute FS and Nreg as weighted average of values given by Recommended NCEER Idriss Boulanger and Cetin et al procedures
5. choose the folder not the file itself USGS EZFRISK Data Processing co Existing Datab Add Grids USGS Add Del Grids en n abase rids 4 z Back Py Cancel Location N w C Create New Database Delete Grids USGS WsSLiq From grid list Open Existing Database New grid files f C Niner VB_ProjectiPa USGS Data Folder C WSDOT_LiqSys_Database_temp US Open EZFRISK Data Folder C WSDOT_LiqSys_Database_temp LS Open Add 7 Click the Add button and the program will process the USGS files and add the new grid points into WA database If the database has the same grid points as the ones you try to add a warning message will appear and ask if you want to overwrite the data with the new files Warning Duplicate Grids There are some new added grids that are already in the existing database These grids are 45 40 121 00 45 40 121 50 46 90 120 50 46 90 121 00 48 40 120 50 48 40 121 00 48 40 121 50 Do you want to use these 7 new grids to replace the ones in the database Yes No 8 When the Adding grids is done message pops up the data processing job is finished Click OK to close the message Adding Grids Jd Adding 7 grids is done 9 Click Back to WSLiq button to go back to the WSLiq program 1 4
6. ground motion hazard database Magnitude Select mean or modal magnitude Distance Select mean or modal distance Return Period Lateral Spreading Models Item Comments Baska amp oda al Select individually as desired to compute lateral spreading displacements Note Idriss amp that Idriss amp Boulanger computes maximum potential displacements Boulanger Buttons Item Comments Allows consideration of potential for initiation of liquefaction in lateral spreading Initiation computations User can specify a threshold factor of safety against liquefaction Handling for inclusion exclusion of individual soil layers or can choose to have individual layer contributions weighted by probability of liquefaction Compute Computes lateral spreading displacement using selected procedures Plots deaggregation of peak ground acceleration at selected return period by Deagg i as 29 contributions from all magnitudes and distances H 16 Multiple Scenario Analyses Multiple scenario analyses are easily performed with WSlig The user is simply required to provide a return period of interest and the program obtains the required data from the ground motion hazard database Figure H 9 shows the multiple scenario sub tab and Table H 9 describes the input required to perform multiple scenario analyses ox Site Seattle Job No 1 Data Latitude 47 620 N Longitude 122 350 w Analyst
7. in database should be used Results Item Comments Enter a settlement value followed by a carriage return to obtain the Settlement corresponding mean annual rate of exceedance and return period from the hazard curve Mean Annual Rate of Exceedance Enter a mean annual rate of exceedance value to obtain the corresponding settlement and return period from the hazard curve Return Period Enter a return period to obtain the corresponding settlement and mean annual rate of exceedance from the hazard curve Buttons Item Comments Compute Computes settlement hazard curve Note that these calculations are voluminous due to the requirement of integrating over the maximum volumetric strain distributions and proceed relatively slowly A progress bar is provided to indicate the progress of the calculations If you move to another application while these calculations are being performed the progress bar graphics may not display properly when you return to WSliq the calculations are still being performed however and the final graphics will be displayed properly when the calculations are completed Plot Deaggregation Plots deaggregation of settlement by contributions from all magnitudes and distances Residual Strength WSliq allows estimation of residual strength by using a variety of residual strength models and allows the computation of a user defined weighted average residual streng
8. motion hazard database Figure H 13 shows the performance based analysis sub tab and Table H 13 describes the input required to perform performance based analyses H 24 HE WSDOT Liquefaction Hazard Evaluation System beta joj xj Site Seattle Job No ft Data Latitude 47 620 n Longitude 122 350 w Analyst name Process Welcome Soil Profile Susceptibility Initiation Effects Report Response Spectrum Lateral Spreading Settlement Residual Strength Single Scenario Multiple Scenano T Performance Based Loading Parameter M Results G From builtin database WA only ee ee ae Compute Settlement m 0 192 C From USGS files import txt files Mean annual rate of exceedance 0 00103 Browse Return Period yrs 975 Tr 975 yr Probability Mean Annual Rate of Exceedance Plot Deaggregation Figure H 13 WSliq Performance Based Settlement Tab The results of performance based analyses are displayed graphically as a lateral displacement hazard curve Numerical values of the hazard curve can be obtained by entering data in the text boxes above the hazard curve plot followed by a carriage return H 25 Table H 13 Required Information and Buttons on Performance Based Settlement Tab Loading Parameter Information Item Comments Data source Enter source of ground motion hazard data For sites in Washington built selection
9. name Process Welcome Soil Profile Susceptibility Initiation Effects Report Response Spectrum Lateral Spreading Settlement Residual Strength Single Scenario M Multiple Scenario Performance Based Loading Parameters From built in database WA only C From USGS files import txt from USGS E Browse Return Period yrs 975 E a Baska amp Kramer Youd et at Idriss amp Boulanger Lateral Spreading Models _ U WSDOT Recommended weighted average v Baska amp Kramer v Youd etal vi Idriss amp Boulanger pot max displ Weighting factors Baska and Kramer le Youd et al 0 35 WSDOT Recommended 0 863 m Figure H 9 WSliq Multiple Scenario Lateral Spreading Tab The results of multiple scenario analyses are displayed graphically in a bar chart and numerically in tabular form in the window below the plots The numerical data can be accessed within the multiple scenario tab or on the Report tab they can also be saved on the Report tab H 17 Table H 9 Required Information and Buttons on Multiple Scenario Lateral Spreading Tab Loading Parameter Information Item Comments Return Period Enter desired return period in years Liquefaction Models Item Comments WSDOT Select to compute lateral spreading displacement
10. this site The README explains about the input parameters and also pe Se Ney describes how the deaggregation is done Stochastic Seismoarams and What is Epsilon are articles which discuss the A Z Site Index theory behind the seismograms Choose parameters and click Generate Output Site Name Help Latitude Help Longitude Help Return Period Help 4975 years 1 in 50 years ie Frequency Help PGA x Geographic Deaggs Help None 3 Input the site info in the corresponding text boxes The site latitude and longitude must be input in decimal format two digits and the longitude is a negative number for locations in America A convenient latitude and longitude converter from degree minute second to decimal degrees can be found at http www fcc gov mb audio bickel DDDMMSS decimal html Choose one Return Period of interest There are six return periods from which to choose and this process will be repeated for each Set the Frequency selection to PGA Leave the last two options Geographic Deaggs and Stochastic Seismograms as their defaults Press the Generate Output button to produce the deaggregation file A new web page will appear Click on the link for Report and a text file will open in the web browser Save this file use File gt Save As in a temporary folder on your hard drive with the specific filename determined using the following rules a The file has the name L
11. Appendix H WSlig User s Manual This manual presents a description of how the WSliq program can be used to perform a variety of important liquefaction hazard analyses The WSliq program was created as part of an extended research project supported by the Washington State Department of Transportation WSDOT The WSlig program is intended to allow WSDOT engineers to evaluate liquefaction hazards more accurately reliably and consistently and to do so more efficiently than is possible even with the more limited procedures commonly used in contemporary geotechnical engineering practice The WSliq program should only be used after reading the report within which this User s Manual is contained The report provides important information on the procedures used to perform the various liquefaction hazard analyses possible with WSliq and it is essential that users be familiar with those procedures and the information required to complete them before using WSliq WSliq is organized in a manner similar to that with which a liquefaction hazard evaluation would normally be conducted In such an evaluation an engineer would generally be required to answer three questions 1 Is the soil susceptible to liquefaction 2 If so is the anticipated earthquake loading strong enough to initiate liquefaction 3 Ifso what will be the effects of liquefaction The WSligq interface therefore is divided into three main tabs devoted to susceptibility initiation
12. Item Comments Update Plot the reference FS Help Display brief description of Pi for Cetin s model Compute Computes FS and Neq using selected procedures H 9 Multiple Scenario Analyses Multiple scenario analyses are easily performed with WSlig The user is simply required to provide a return period of interest and the program obtains the required data from the ground motion hazard database Figure H 5 shows the multiple scenario sub tab and Table H 5 describes the input required to perform multiple scenario analyses HE WSDOT Liquefaction Hazard Evaluation System beta E mi xj Site Seattle Job No 1 Data Latitude 47 620 N Longitude 122 350 w Analyst name Process Welcome Soil Profile Susceptibility Initiation Effects Report Single Scenario Multiple Scenario Performance Based Loading Results Return Period vs Peak Surface Acceleration g Reference FS 1 00 Update Cetin s PL 60 0 Help M Liquefaction Models Nreq 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 Depth m L WSDOT Recommended NCEER Youd et al Boulanger and Idriss Cetin et al Deterministic 12 ws NSE oau Coin EP O Nwo Depth m PL 0 60 PL 0 60 FS Histogram Mw Histogram Figure H 5 WSliq Multiple Scenario Liquefaction Initiation Tab 3 2 50 0 53 0 48 0 54 0 51 4 3 50 0 53 0 47 0 51 0 50 5 4 50 0 90 0 71 0
13. Settlement Tab User Defined Loading Parameter Information Item Comments Enter magnitude to be used in single scenario analysis Note that this magnitude value is not required to be related to the peak acceleration value however results Magnitude f based on inconsistent magnitude and acceleration values should be interpreted very carefully Enter peak ground surface acceleration in g s Note that this acceleration value PGA should account for local site conditions e g amplification of rock acceleration values PSHA Defined Loading Parameter Information Item Comments Enter desired return period in years followed by carriage return to display Return d Period corresponding mean and modal magnitudes and distances Loading data is interpolated from ground motion hazard database Magnitude Select mean or modal magnitude Settlement Models Item Comments Select to compute post liquefaction settlement using Tokimatsu Seed Ishihara Select All ea Yoshimine Shamoto et al and Wu Seed procedures Tokimatsu Seed Ishihara Yoshimine Select individually as desired to compute post liquefaction settlements Shamoto et al Wu Seed Buttons Item Comments Allows consideration of potential for initiation of liquefaction in settlement Initiation computations User can specify a threshold factor of safety against liquefaction Handling for inclusion exclusion of indiv
14. Settlement Tab Loading Parameter Information Item Comments Return Period Enter desired return period in years Liquefaction Models Item Comments Tokimatsu Seed Ishihara Yoshimine Select individually as desired to compute post liquefaction settlements Shamoto et al Wu Seed Buttons Item Comments H 23 Allows consideration of potential for initiation of liquefaction in settlement Initiation computations User can specify a threshold factor of safety against liquefaction Handling for inclusion exclusion of individual soil layers or can choose to have individual layer contributions weighted by probability of liquefaction Compute Computes settlement using selected procedures pesud Plots deaggregation of peak ground acceleration at selected return period by contributions from all magnitudes and distances The results of multiple scenario analyses are displayed graphically in a bar chart and numerically in tabular form in the window below the plots The numerical data can be accessed within the multiple scenario tab or on the Report tab they can also be saved on the Report tab Performance Based Analyses Performance based post liquefaction settlement analyses are also easily performed with WSlig As discussed in Section 7 6 3 the Wu and Seed model was used to develop the performance based model The program obtains the required data from the ground
15. alyst rame pinea Welcome Soil Profile Susceptibility Initiation Single Scenario Multiple Scenario Performance Based Effects Report M Loading Parameters User Defined Peak Surface Acceleration g jo 3 Magnitude 6 5 C PSHA Defined Return Period yrs 975 PGA g Magnitude Modal Reference FS 1 00 Cetin s PL 60 0 M Liquefaction Modes NCEER Youd et al M Results Depth Boulanger and Idriss m PL 0 60 Cetin et al Deterministic 3 2 50 0 81 0 72 0 75 4 3 50 0 81 0 70 0 73 5 Nreq 10 15 20 25 30 5 4 50 Eg lt lt Figure H 4 WSliq Single Scenario Liquefaction Initiation Tab The results of single scenario analyses are displayed graphically as plots of FS and N eq Vs depth and numerically in tabular form in the window below the plots Clicking on either of the plots will produce a larger version of the plot Right clicking on any plot will allow various characteristics of the plot to be edited The numerical data can be accessed within the single scenario tab or on the Report tab they can also be saved on the Report tab H 8 Table H 4 Required Information and Buttons on Single Scenario Liquefaction Initiation Tab User Defined Loading Parameter Information Item Comments Peak surface acceleration Enter peak ground surface accele
16. and effects Along with tabs that facilitate entry of soil profile data and examination documentation of results these define the basic user interface This User s Manual is graphically oriented i e it presents the required data by reference to the locations at which that data are entered on the various WSliq forms Welcome Tab The Welcome tab provides two primary functions a place for entry of global information i e information potentially required for all desired analyses and an introduction to the purpose of the WSliq program The required global data consist of information required to identify the site and ground motion hazards at the site A screen shot of the Welcome tab is shown in Figure H 1 EE wsD0T Liquefaction Hazard Evaluation System b 02 Site Seattle Job No 1 Latitude 47 620 N Longitude 122 350 w Analyst name Welcome Soil Profile Susceptibility Initiation Effects Report Welcome to the WSDOT Liquefaction Hazard Evaluation System The WSDOT Liquefaction Hazard Evaluation System WSliq is a joint effort of the WSDOT Materials Laboratory and the University of Washington WSliq allows evaluation of the susceptibility initiation potential and effects of earthquake induced soil liquefaction in Washington state WSliq allows deterministic probabilistic and performance based evaluation of liquefaction hazards WSliq is linked to a large database of seismic hazard data and utilizes that data
17. as weighted average of Recommended values given by Baska Kramer and Youd et al procedures Baska Kramer Youd et al Select individually as desired to compute lateral spreading displacements Idriss amp Note that Idriss amp Boulanger computes maximum potential displacements Boulanger Buttons Item Comments Allows consideration of potential for initiation of liquefaction in lateral Initiation spreading computations User can specify a threshold factor of safety against Handling liquefaction for inclusion exclusion of individual soil layers or can choose to have individual layer contributions weighted by probability of liquefaction Compute Computes lateral spreading displacement using selected procedures Deso Plots deaggregation of peak ground acceleration at selected return period by contributions from all magnitudes and distances Performance Based Analyses Performance based lateral spreading analyses are also easily performed with WSliq As described in Section 6 6 3 the Kramer Baska model is used in performance based lateral spreading predictions The program obtains the required data from the ground motion hazard database Figure H 10 shows the performance based analysis sub tab and Table H 10 describes the input required to perform performance based analyses S WSDOT Liquefaction Hazard Evaluation System beta Site Seattle Job No fT Data Latitude 47 620 Longitu
18. ateral Spreading Tab H 15 The results of single scenario analyses are displayed graphically in a bar chart and numerically in tabular form in the window below the plots The numerical data can be accessed within the single scenario tab or on the Report tab they can also be saved on the Report tab Table H 8 Required Information and Buttons on Single Scenario Lateral Spreading Tab User Defined Loading Parameter Information Item Comments Enter magnitude to be used in single scenario analysis Note that this magnitude Mag value does not have to be related to the distance value however results based on inconsistent magnitude and distance values should be interpreted very carefully Enter distance to be used in single scenario analysis in km Note that this distance value does not have to be related to the magnitude value however 7 results based on inconsistent magnitude and distance values should be interpreted very carefully Enter peak ground surface acceleration in g s Note that this acceleration value PGA which is used to compute the FS value required by the Idriss and Boulanger model should account for local site conditions e g amplification of rock acceleration values PSHA Defined Loading Parameter Information Item Comments Enter desired return period in years followed by carriage return to display corresponding mean and modal magnitudes and distances Loading data is interpolated from
19. ation of the Susceptibility Index SJ and use of the SI to evaluate the susceptibility of each layer in the soil profile The SZ provides a quantitative measure of liquefaction susceptibility that allows a user to compare the relative susceptibilities of different layers The S value is also used in subsequent calculations H 5 to account for epistemic uncertainty in liquefaction susceptibility In those calculations the user can choose to consider only soil layers judged to be susceptible to liquefaction or to consider all layers with their contributions weighted by the SZ value in that case the SZ value is treated as a subjective probability or degree of belief of susceptibility Piety Site Seattle Job No 1 Data Latitude 47 620 N Longitude 122 350 w Analyst name Process Welcome Soil Profile Susceptibility Initiation Effects Report Layer Description DTC PI we LL Boulang r Psa ep R Susceptible 1 0 50 0 00 0 00 0 00 NO 2 Silty sand 1 50 Unsat Unsat 0 00 0 00 0 00 NO 3 Loose sand 250 JC NP JE Ne J 10 _ 100 1 00 YES 4 Loose sand 3 50 N P NP 1 00 1 00 1 00 YES 5 4 50 1 00 1 00 1 00 YES 1 Byee ea oss oe _oss 058 ves 8 Sand 7 50 N P N P 1 00 1 00 1 00 YES 9 Silty sand 8 50 3 0 9 0 96 0 63 0 80 YES w Bees E E ves n Beses e cc ves 12 Densesnd Js e e EE JD E 10 ves Threshold SI b5 Weighting Factors B 0 50 4 gt 0 50 B S
20. atitude_Longitude_xx txt underscore characters required b The Latitude and Longitude in the filename should be replaced with the numerical coordinates corresponding to the site s location and xx should be replaced by the 50 yr exceedance probability to identify the return period The table below indicates the required xx values Value of xx Return Period yr 0l 4975 1 in 50 yrs 02 2475 2 in 50 yrs 05 975 5 in 50 yrs 10 475 10 in 50 yrs 20 225 25 in 50 yrs 50 108 50 in 75 yrs c For example if the site of Test 1 is located at 47 53N 122 50W and the deaggregation data corresponds to a return period of 4975 yrs then the data should be saved in a file called 47 53_122 50_01 txt Save this file to a temporary folder e g NewGrid in the hard drive 8 Repeat Step 3 8 for all other return periods For each location six deaggregation data files will be downloaded and saved to the hard drive Importing and Processing USGS Files 1 Open the WSliq program The button labeled Data Process in the upper right corner will do the work of importing the new deaggregation files created in last procedure 2 Ifthe button is not active not shadowed it means that the WA database has been installed in the default location c WSDOT_LiqSys_Database or the database is installed at the location given in the DatabasePath txt file defined during ins
21. d yrs 975 C Probability of Exceedance in 50 yrs Compute I Return Period 975 years Rate of Exceedance DTC m H1 60 Hreq FS Tr liq a 0 0 2 04 0 6 Nreq 0 5 10 15 20 2 E 35 FOU DNDoORWHN OONnaoomruwoaor NN OKDWVoONoRW ceooeoeoeoeoooso ADE UNOWVoOoE BR Figure H 6 WSlig Performance Based Liquefaction Initiation Tab Table H 6 Required Information and Buttons on Performance Based Liquefaction Initiation Tab Loading Parameter Information Item Comments Enter desired return period in years The return period does not influence the Return Period liquefaction hazard curves but is used to produce the FS and Neq vs depth profiles Exceedance Probability Information Item Comments Select a probability of exceedance and an exposure period of interest WSliq Probability of will plot results for the corresponding return period Note that the Exceedance performance based calculations are not repeated rather the already computed curves are used to obtain the FS and Nyeg values at the indicated hazard level Buttons Item Comments Computes FS and Nreq hazard curves and profiles of FS and Nreq corresponding to return period of interest The performance based Compute calculations are voluminous and will take a couple minutes to complete a progress bar below the Compute button will display the progress
22. de 122 350 w Analyst name o Pees Welcome Soil Profile Susceptibility Initiation EEC Report Response Spectum Lateral Spreading Settlement Residual Strength Single Scenario Multiple Scenano m Loading Parameter Results From built in database WA only Hazerd Curve Data Analysis Compute Lateral displacement m 2 06 C From EZ RISK files import ez files Mean annual rate of exceedance 0 00103 Return Period yrs 975 0 Probability Mean Annual Rate of Exceedance Plot Ground Motion Deaggregation Deaggregation Figure H 10 WSliq Performance Based Lateral Spreading Tab The results of performance based analyses are displayed graphically as a lateral displacement hazard curve Numerical values of the hazard curve can be obtained by entering data in the text boxes above the hazard curve plot followed by a carriage return H 19 Table H 10 Required Information and Buttons on Performance Based Lateral Spreading Tab Loading Parameter Information Item Comments Enter source of ground motion hazard data For sites in Washington built in database should be used Data source selection Results Item Comments Enter a lateral spreading displacement value followed by a carriage Lateral displacement return to obtain the corresponding mean annual rate of exceedance and return period from the hazard curve Enter a mean annual rate of exce
23. edance value to obtain the corresponding lateral spreading displacement and return period from Mean Annual Rate of Exceedance the hazard curve Enter a return period to obtain the corresponding lateral spreading Return Period displacement and mean annual rate of exceedance from the hazard curve Buttons Item Comments Compute Computes lateral displacement hazard curve Plot Ground Motion Plots deaggregation of peak ground acceleration at selected return Deaggregation period by contributions from all magnitudes and distances Plot Lateral Spreading Plots deaggregation of lateral spreading displacement at selected return Deaggregation period by contributions from all magnitudes and distances Settlement The Settlement tab has a series of three sub tabs that allow entry of data for single scenario multiple scenario and performance based analyses of post liquefaction settlement The required data for each type of analysis are described below Single Scenario Analyses As in the case of Initiation single scenario settlement analyses can be performed in two basic ways Because the loading related input to lateral spreading models is in the form of cyclic stress ratio the scenarios are defined by peak acceleration and magnitude Therefore scenarios can be defined by the user inputting any desired combination of peak acceleration and magnitude or by inputting a particular return period and selecting the co
24. fully in all analyses The user receives the benefits of analyses that consider the contributions of all of the seismic sources that can affect a given site without having to explicitly account for all of those sources In the performance based analyses the contributions of all sources at all return periods are automatically accounted for thereby providing the user with the benefits of a state of the art hazard evaluation without an additional effort above that normally used in conventional practice Figure H 1 WSliq Welcome Tab The global information requested on the Welcome form and the purpose of the Data Process button found on that form are described in Table H 1 H 2 Table H 1 Required Information and Buttons on Welcome Screen Text Box Information Item Comments Enter alphanumeric description of site This information will be written to the ae Report to help identify the site Enter alphanumeric description of job project number This information will be Job No i written to the Report to help identify the site Enter latitude in decimal degrees All latitude values must exist within Latitude Washington State Enter longitude in decimal degrees All longitude values must exist within Longitude Washington State Analyst Enter alphanumeric description name that describes person performing analyses Buttons Item Comments Used to specify location path of gro
25. funded study is continuing at the University of Washington The preliminary results of that research have been implemented into a simple model for response spectrum modification The response spectrum tab allows estimation of a response spectral ratio defined as the ratio of spectral acceleration from an effective stress analysis which accounts for pore pressure generation to the spectral acceleration from a total stress analysis which does not The response spectrum produced by a total stress e g SHAKE analysis can be multiplied by the response spectral ratio to produce an improved estimate of the spectral accelerations that would be produced at a site underlain by potentially liquefiable soils This tab provides some general guidance on the anticipated average relationship between the response spectrum with pore pressure effects and the response spectrum without pore H 13 pressure effects It should be noted that the research on which it was based showed high levels of uncertainty in this relationship for specific input motions and soil profiles interpretation of these results should be performed with that fact in mind S WSDOT Liquefaction Hazard Evaluation System beta E E jol xi Site Seattle Job No 1 Data Latitude 47 620 N Longitude 122 350 w Analyst name Process Welcome Soil Profile Susceptibility Initiation Effects Report Response Specrum Lateral Spreading Settlement Residual Strengt
26. h Input aoe a Table of Response Spectrum Ratio Period sec Ratio 0 01 6 477E 01 0 02 6 635E 01 0 03 6 623E 01 0 04 6 513E 01 0 05 6 348E 01 0 06 6 153E 01 0 07 5 947E 01 0 08 5 738E 01 0 09 5 534E 01 0 10 5 338E 01 0 11 5 153E 01 0 12 4 981E 01 0 13 4 821E 01 0 14 4 675E 01 0 15 4 542E 01 0 16 4 421E 01 0 17 4 313E 01 0 18 4 216E 01 ni1q 4121F 11 Figure H 7 WSliq Response Spectrum Tab Table H 7 Required Information and Buttons on Response Spectrum Tab Input Information Item Comments FS min The minimum FS against liquefaction found from all soil layers Buttons Item Comments Compit oe the median response spectral ratio at periods ranging from 0 01 to 1 0 Lateral Spreading The Lateral Spreading tab has a series of three sub tabs that allow entry of data for single scenario multiple scenario and performance based analyses of lateral spreading Prior to H 14 the performance of any lateral spreading analysis however it is important to make sure that the ground slope or free face ratio has been entered on the Soil Profile tab Figure H 2 The required data for each type of analysis are described below Single Scenario Analyses As in the case of Initiation single scenario lateral spreading analyses can be performed in two basic ways Because the inputs to late
27. idual soil layers or can choose to have individual layer contributions weighted by probability of liquefaction Compute Computes settlement using selected procedures Bea Plots deaggregation of peak ground acceleration by contributions from all a magnitudes and distances Multiple Scenario Analyses Multiple scenario analyses are easily performed with WSlig The user is simply required to provide a return period of interest and the program obtains the required data from the ground H 22 motion hazard database Figure H 12 shows the multiple scenario sub tab and Table H 12 describes the input required to perform multiple scenario settlement analyses hi Site Seattle Job No 1 Data Latitude 47 620 n Longitude 122 350 w Analyst name Hoe Welcome Soil Profile Susceptibility Initiation Effects Report Response Spectum Lateral Spreading emei Residual Strength Single Scenario Multiple Scenario Performance Based Loading Parameters From built in database WA only C From USGS files import txt from USGS Browse E H Return Period yrs 75 E Ez c a Ishihara_Yoshimine Shamoro et al M Settlement Models O WSDOT Recommended weighted average O Tokimatsu amp Seed O Ishihara amp Yoshimine CO Shamoto et al xl Figure H 12 WSliq Multiple Scenario Settlement Tab Table H 12 Required Information and Buttons on Multiple Scenario
28. isec Silty sand r 1 J es0 1540 10 15 0 100 77 17 0 196 1 Silty sand El 750 15 40 f 10 f 10 fo 100 23 1 17 0 196 1 Loose sand m 1 250 1966 6 o 0 100 az 101 1694 Loose sand Vv 1 3 50 19 80 8 0 0 100 45 6 11 9 183 8 Sand m 450 19 94 16 o 0 100 55 7 21 6 2248 Sand m 1 550 2007 18 o 0 100 65 9 223 2326 Silty sand m 1 eso 2020 20 14 0100 76 2 23 1 239 8 Sand m 1 so 2033 J 22 0 0100 887 238 2465 Silty sand v 1 850 2046 24 22 fo100 97 3 245 2528 Dense sand v 950 2058 26 o 0 100 108 0 25 2 2587 Dense sand m 1 io50 2070 28 0 0100 i188 25 9 2644 Dense sand Vv 1150 20 81 30 o o 100 129 8 26 5 269 7 Figure H 2 WSliq Soil Profile Tab Table H 2 Required Information and Buttons on Soil Profile Tab Upper Level Text Box Information Item Comments Number of Soil Layers Enter integer number of soil layers used to define subsurface profile GWT at top of layer Enter layer number corresponding to groundwater table Note that sublayers much be arranged such that the groundwater table coincides with the top of some sublayer SPT Energy Enter SPT energy ratio Er in percent Value used to correct measured SPT Ratio resistance Ground surface Enter elevation of ground surface in appropriate units elevation Infinite slope For g
29. nts re Allows insertion of new layer above or below layer for which button was clicked Opens new form on which PGA amplification factor relative to NEHRP B C Amp Factor boundary can be entered Amplification factor value can be entered directly or in terms of a and b coefficients used in indicated Stewart type relationship Pore Pressure Opens window in which initial pore pressures can be entered Window should open with hydrostatic pore pressure values shown values can be changed if necessary to accommodate perched water table or other situations that can produce non uniform initial pore pressure profile Calculate Uses entered soil profile data to compute initial vertical effective stress and corrected SPT resistance Open Data File Allows an existing soil profile data file to be entered into WSliq Save Data File Allows entered soil profile data to be saved in data file Plot Soil Produces plots of initial vertical effective stress measured and corrected SPT Profile resistance fines content and plasticity index with depth Opens window allowing batch analysis to be specified Susceptibility analysis poten must be performed before specifying parameters of batch analysis User can decide in advance which analyses liquefaction initiation lateral spreading post liquefaction settlement etc are to be performed Susceptibility Tab The Susceptibility tab Figures H 3 allows convenient comput
30. ocedures as described in Chapter 4 A weighted average SI value is then compared with the threshold SZ value selected by the user to judge whether or not the soil is susceptible to liquefaction The user should note that many of the subsequent calculations liquefaction potential lateral spreading etc do not include non susceptible layers All layers can be forced to be susceptible by setting the threshold SI value to zero the results of any analyses performed in this manner should be reviewed and interpreted carefully Initiation Tab The Initiation tab has a series of three sub tabs that allow entry of data for single scenario multiple scenario and performance based analyses of liquefaction potential The required data are described below Single Scenario Analyses Single scenario analyses can be performed in two basic ways by inputting any desired combination of peak ground surface acceleration and magnitude or by inputting peak ground surface acceleration values associated with a particular return period and the corresponding mean or modal magnitude values In the latter case the program determines the appropriate Amax and M values from the hazard database Figure H 4 shows the single scenario sub tab and Table H 4 describes the input required to perform single scenario analyses HE WSDOT Liquefaction Hazard Evaluation System beta el ES Site Seattle Job No fi Data Latitude 47 620 N Longitude 122 350 w An
31. of the calculations Do not attempt to move to another tab while these calculations H 12 are being performed it could cause the program to crash The results of performance based analyses are displayed graphically as plots of FS and Nreq hazard curves and plots of FS and Nreq vs depth for the return period of interest The results are presented numerically in tabular form in the window below the exceedance probability box WSliq also tabulates the return period of liquefaction i e the return period corresponding to FSi 1 0 for each depth Clicking on any of the plots will produce a larger version of the plot The numerical data can be accessed within the performance based tab or on the Report tab they can also be saved on the Report tab Effects Tab The Effects tab has a series of four sub tabs that deal with the alteration of ground motions lateral spreading post liquefaction settlement and the residual strength of liquefied soil The lateral spreading and post liquefaction settlements tabs each have three sub tabs that allow entry of data for single scenario multiple scenario and performance based analyses of lateral spreading and settlement Response Spectrum The occurrence of liquefaction is known to alter the temporal and frequency characteristics of ground surface motions Research on the effects of liquefaction on ground surface motions which was beyond the scope of work of the WSDOT
32. ort Folder Report Folder Name UserMawal Generate Report Save to C Program Files WSDOT WSliq Browse Preview Figure H 15 Report Tab Table H 15 Required Information and Buttons on Report Tab H 28 Buttons Item Comments Generate Report Generates report file based on selected text picture and file format options Preview Opens report in a small window Figure H 16 fil wspot Liquefaction Hazard Evaluation System beta Site Seattle Latitude 47 620 Welcome Report Soil Pr M Suscey WM Initiati OOOO8 Report Fok Report F a7 IRN sas eee Liquefaction Hazard Evaluation Report by WSLiq Program beta May 2009 Site Name Seattle Site Location N W 47 620 122 350 Job No 1 Analyst name Soil Profile Unit m The number of soil layers 12 GUT at top of layer 3 GUT depth 2 00 SPT Energy Ratio 60 00 Amplification Factors a 0 1500 b 0 1300 Elevation 0 00 Ground Surface Infinite Slope 4 Layer Descpt Thickness DTC Unit Weight Measured ra ma kN m3 SPT 1 Silty_sand 1 0 50 15 40 10 Silty sand 1 1 5n 15 an an Job no 1 go Baa la xl PI Unsat Tnear gt Data Process Save to C Program Files WSDOTWSliq Browse Preview Figure H 16 Report preview window H 29
33. ound SHL _ Seed Harder Upper Bound SHU C Idriss Boulanger IDB Compute JT Recommended REC Switch Unit Kramer amp Wang Deterministic Layer 3 Sr 156 pst Layer 4 Sr 214 pst Olson amp Stark Model Figure H 14 Residual strength tab Table H 14 Required Information and Buttons on Residual Strength Tab Input Information Item Comments Select Soil Check boxes corresponding to layers for which estimated residual strengths are desired Only layers for which liquefaction is expected to be initiated are Layers f available for residual strength calculation Select Check boxes corresponding to models for which estimated residual strengths Residual are desired Checking WSDOT Recommended box will produce results for Strength Idriss Boulanger Kramer Wang hybrid and Olson Stark models and weighted models average of those results eae i Check to use user defined weighting factors for residual strength estimation Buttons Item Comments Compute Computes residual strength using selected procedures Legend The legend immediately to the right of the residual strength plots is interactive H 27 clicking on any of the boxes that indicate the color of each residual strength model will highlight the results of that model Clicking on the blank box above and to the right of the legend will clear all highlighted cu
34. ral spreading models consist of magnitude and distance the scenarios are defined by magnitude and distance Therefore scenarios can be defined by the user inputting any desired combination of magnitude and distance or by inputting a particular return period and selecting the corresponding mean or modal magnitude and distance values Figure H 8 shows the single scenario sub tab and Table H 8 describes the input required to perform single scenario analyses S WSDOT Liquefaction Hazard Evaluation System beta E P oj xj Site Seattle Job No 1 Data Latitude 47 620 N Longitude 122 350 w Analyst name Process Welcome Soil Profile Susceptibility Initiation Effects Report Response Spectrum Lateral Spreading Settlement Residual Strength Single Scenario Multiple Scenario Performance Based Loading Parameters C User Defined Mag Distm PGA PSHA Defined Return Period yrs 975 E 5 8 3 2 a ee E Modal po Distance C Mean 31 78 Modal flo 00 Model Selected Baska amp Kramer Model Youd et al Model Idriss amp Boulanger pot max displ Model m Lateral Spreading Models Baska amp Kramer 2 14 m Baska amp Kramer Youd et al 3 41 m v Youd etal z Idriss amp Boulanger 4 86 m Mj idriss amp Boulanger pot max displ tng comme oenas Figure H 8 WSliq Single Scenario L
35. ration in g s Note that this acceleration value is assumed to account for local site conditions e g amplification of rock acceleration values Magnitude Enter magnitude to be used in single scenario analysis Note that this magnitude value is not required to be related to the peak acceleration value however results with inconsistent acceleration and magnitude values should be interpreted very carefully PSHA Defined Loading Parameter Information Item Comments Return Period Enter desired return period in years Loading data peak acceleration and magnitude is interpolated from ground motion hazard database Select mean or modal magnitude to be used in magnitude scaling factor Magnitude calculation Additional Input Item Comments Reference FS Enter a factor of safety value of interest This option plots a line at that factor of safety to allow easy comparison of calculated factors of safety with user defined criteria The probability of liquefaction Pz to be used in Cetin et al deterministic Cetin s PL analysis Value of 0 6 has been found to produce similar results to NCEER model at shallow depths Liquefaction Models Item Comments Select to compute FS and Neq using NCEER Idriss Boulanger and Cetin et Select All al procedures NCEER hae z ger Select individually as desired to compute FS and Neq values Cetin et al Buttons
36. round slope geometries lateral spreading analysis enter ground slope in percent Free face ratio For free face geometries lateral spreading analysis enter free face ratio in percent Soil Profile Data Text Box Information Item Comments Description Enter alphanumeric soil description up to 30 characters Undr Designate whether or not the layer is undrained default condition for layers below water table Soils not expected to maintain undrained conditions e g H 4 clean gravel can be designated as non liquefiable by removing check mark from check box h Enter sublayer thickness DTC Depth to center of layer computed from sublayer thicknesses Unit Weight Enter sublayer unit weight not density Meas SPT Enter measured SPT resistance FC Enter measured fines content in percent Estimate if not available DSD Enter mean grain size used for Youd et al lateral spreading analysis Estimate if not available Init Vert Eff Vertical effective stress at center of layer computed from unit weight Stress thickness and water table data N1 60 Value of N 1 60 computed from initial vertical effective stress and energy ratio This value is NOT fines corrected Shear wave velocity computed from N1 6o and vertical effective stress using Vs Ohta and Goto relationship used in Cetin et al liquefaction model Buttons Item Comme
37. rresponding mean or H 20 modal magnitude value Figure H 11 shows the single scenario sub tab and Table H 11 describes the input required to perform single scenario analyses ie fess fiSiwspoT Liquefaction Hazard Evaluation System beta Site Seattle Job No 1 Data Latitude 47 620 n Longitude 122 350 w Analyst name Process Welcome Soil Profile Susceptibility Initiation Effects Report Response Spectrum Lateral Spreading Settlement Residual Strength Single Scenario Multiple Scenario Performance Based m Loading Parameters 0 2 C User Defined Magnitude l PGA g l PSHA Defined o Return Period yrs 975 Magnitude Mean M 6 61 C Modal M 7 00 M Settlement Models Settlement m Tokimatsu_Seed Ishihara_Yoshimine Shamote etal Wu amp Seod VEGGE All L Tokimatsu amp Seed C Ishihara amp Yoshimine C Shamoto et al Wu amp Seed es J 1 00 4 3 50 2 856 1 00 0 029 Figure H 11 WSliq Single Scenario Settlement Tab The results of single scenario analyses are displayed graphically in a bar chart and numerically in tabular form in the window below the plots The numerical data can be accessed within the single scenario tab or on the Report tab they can also be saved on the Report tab H 21 Table H 11 Required Information and Buttons on Single Scenario
38. rves Report Tab The Report tab provides the means for documenting the results of WSliq analyses in a simple text file As shown in Figure H 15 the Report tab contains a series of check boxes for each of the various analyses that can be performed with WSliq By selecting the desired check boxes the user can write the results of the corresponding analyses to an RTF rich text file file These data can then be further processed by using spreadsheets or other graphics programs Copies of the plots generated by WSliq can also be written directly to the file from which they can be copied and pasted into other documents S WSDOT Liquefaction Hazard Evaluation System beta Site Seattle Job No 1 Data Latitude 47 620 N Longitude 122 350 w Analyst hame Process Welcome Soil Profile Susceptibility Initiation Effects Report M Report Lateral Spreading Checking folders Checking report file Soil Profile C Single Scenario Susceptibility Index Multiple Scenario Soil Profile data is done Susceptibility Index is done Initiation text is done Effects text is done Ll Performance Based W Initiation Settlement Report is done O Single Scenario X O Single Scenario Multiple Scenario CO Multiple Scenario Performance Based C Performance Based C Response Spectrum O Lateral Spreading O Settlement CO Residual Strength Rep
39. site http eqint cr usgs gov deaggint 2002 index php As of the date of this report the following page will appear e098 2002 Interactive Deaggragations lt gt a l A A e http eqint cr usgs gov deaggint 2002 index php Q gt Google QA Apple 42 Ninery Quick Keyy Shoppingy Ref amp Searchy YouTube Yelp my del icio us Google News 1255 Niner s Best v7 USGS H PZ EAS ERS Contact USGS science for a changing world Search USGS Earthquake Hazards Program a a eee SS SSS i H I Research amp Monitoring You are here Home Research amp Monitoring Seismic Hazard Mapping NSHM Home Seismic Hazard Maps Custom Mapping Analysis Tools 2002 Interactive Deaggragations On this page you may select a return time SA frequency specify a latitude and longitude and request seismograms Links to the following information will be returned Seismic Design Value for Buildings A plot of deaggregated distance magnitude and ground motion uncertainty for the specified parameters Earthquake Hazards 101 e Anascii text file of the hazard matrices containing but not limited to the frequency selected i See A geographic deaggregation plot may also be specified for designated frequencies only see below This is in addition to the plot Related Links e An ascii text file and graph of the seismograms for the modal or mean event if requested NSHM FAQ Please read the README file before trying to use
40. tallation See the ReadMe file when downloading the WSLiq program Simply move the database folder to a different hard drive or change the folder s name then close WSLiq and re open it This will activate the Data Process button 3 Click the Data Process button A Data Processing window will pop up This window provides the option to add the new grid points downloaded in the previous procedure to the database USGS EZFRISK Data Processing Open Existing Database Add Grids USGS Cancel C Create New Database C Delete Grids USGS Open Existing Database USGS Data Folder Open EZFRISK Data Folder Open 4 Select Add Grids USGS in the USGS EZFRISK Data Processing window USGS EZFRISK Data Processing co Existing Datab Add Grids USGS candice en in abase s rids E Eea gt i a ag saint 5 From grid list C Create New Database C Delete Grids USGS Open Existing Database N id files USGS Data Folder J Open Mew grates EZFRISK Data Folder Open Add 5 Assign the data folder of existing database under USGS Data Folder in the Open Existing Database area of the window This should be the folder you moved or named in Step 2 6 In the Add Del Grids panel click on New grid files A folder browser will pop up Choose the folder in which you saved the downloaded USGS files the temporary folder in Step 7 of the previous procedure Note just
41. th Figure H 14 shows the residual strength tab and Table H 14 describes the input required to estimate residual strength The results of residual strength analyses are displayed graphically as plots of residual strength vs depth and numerically in tabular form in the window below the plots The residual strength plots use solid circles for strengths based on corrected SPT resistances that are within the range of each model and open circles for strength values extrapolated to higher SPT resistances Extrapolated strengths should be interpreted carefully The numerical data can be H 26 accessed within the Residual Strength tab or on the Report tab they can also be saved on the Report tab zix Site Seattle Job No 1 Data Latitude 47 620 N Longitude 122 350 w Analyst name Process Welcome Soil Profile Susceptibility Initiation Effects Report Response Spectrum Lateral Spreading Settlement Residual Strength Input Information Results Select Soil Layers Sr kPa m E wo O Layer 3 C Layer 4 E D8 E o E REC m Q o a v 0 Idriss Boulanger VR IBV Idriss amp Boulanger Model F Add Weighted Average payers SPS toi Bee Tasha 0s ISAE Layer 4 Sr 119 psf 5 7 kPa 0 056 atm Select Residual Strength Models C Select All C Idriss IDR O Kramer Wang Median KWM C Kramer Wang Deterministic KWD C Olson Stark OLS C Seed Harder Lower B
42. und motion hazard data files Only needed if Data p Proces user wishes to store ground motion hazard databases in locations other than the default locations defined during program installation Soil Profile Tab The Soil Profile tab Figure H 2 allows entry of data that define the soil profile for the purposes of liquefaction hazard evaluation at the site of interest The soil profile is defined by a series of sublayers within which all properties are assumed to be constant and information required for the various analyses is entered on a sublayer by sublayer basis H 3 Tix Site Seattle Job No 1 Dala Latitude 47 620 n Longitude 122 350 w Analyst name pracem Welcome oil e Susceptibility Initiation Effects Report No of Soil Layers 12 GWT at top of layer 3 Ground Surface Elevation 0 00 Add Drop GWT Depth m 2 00 SPT ER 60 00 Amp Factor Pore Pressure O NOAA were j E EAJ E l j E E zl a wal 11 1 Plot with Depth C Elevation Open Data File Save Data File Plot Soil Profile Batch N Units m C Level Infinite Slope 4 C Free face ratio 1 0 C Ibs ft kN m Calculate TA Undr DTC UnitWt Meas FC D50 Init Vert Eff Vs Description 2 hm m kNm3 SPT mm Stress kPa 160 m
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