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NX64A Digital Radio

1. le D MALE P COMPOSITE 1 0 NULL CABLE 2 amp 22 9 PIN D MALE D MALE Figure 2 11 NX64A Repeater Interconnection NX64A 602 11060 21 R C Installation 2 23 2 4 3 NX64A to Interconnection of the NX64A with the SDM T MUX manufactured by ACT Advanced Compression Technologies is detailed in this section Figure 2 12 shows a typical interconnection V 35 or RS 449 The cable schematic can be found in the Appendix The typical clock and configuration settings for the equipment are detailed in Tables 2 2 NX64A Source and 2 3 SDM T Source SUPPLIED W SDM T
2. 000000 0000000 100000001 000000 0000000 0000000 000000 10000000 40000000 ale 1 e 1 ACH H RX MODULE P H e E 4 V 01256 SHIPPING SIRA Figure 2 1 Shipping Strap Removal NX64A 602 11060 21 R C Installation 2 5 2 3 Pre Installation Testing Please refer to Figure 2 2 Rear Panel I O Ports and Controls for a general overview of the NX64A connector panel 11 1 XER RECEIVE ANTENNA 4 PORT MULTIPLE OPTI UO TRANSMIT 2 INPUT Figure 2 2 Rear Panel I O Ports and Controls NX64A 602 11060 21 2 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Installation TRANSMITTER HEAT SINK TRANSMITTER POWER OUTPUT Internal duplexer not required External duplexer type N 5 watts nominal antenna connection or RF dummy load requ
3. 35 MALE p MALE Il 35 FEMALE OR D FEMALE I AALE N _ 64 N lt 7 SUPPLIED W NX64A Figure 2 12 Interconnection to SDM T NX64A 602 11060 21 R C 2 24 Installation Table 2 2 Clock Settings NX64A to SDM T NX64A Source SOURCE NX64A Local Unit Slave Lock Super B W Vcross Auto Reset Loc Ring Rem Ring C Code HS DBA System Timing Source Primary Fallback Clock Rate AutoBaud Framing Sat Hop Count SDR XX Tx Clk 64 Rx Clk note xxx don t care 384 kbps set to RISING EDGE MASTER XXX XXX XXX OFF XXX XXX XXX XXX LINK TXC EXTERNAL XXX OFF XXX INTERNAL 5 RISING EDGE RECOV CLK FALLING EDGE Table 2 3 SLAVE LINK TXC EXTERNAL XXX OFF XXX i RECOV CLK RISING EDGE RECOV CLK FALLING EDGE Clock Settings NX64A to SDM T SDM T Source SOURCE CLOCK SDM T SDM T SYSTEM Local Unit Slave Lock Super B W Vcross Auto Reset Loc Ring Rem Ring C Code HS DBA System Timing Source Primary Fallback Clock Rate AutoBaud Framing Sat Hop Count SDR XX 64 note don t care 884 kbps set to RISING EDGE MASTER XXX XXX XXX
4. 32 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 CO C0 02 C0 CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO Continued on the following page NX64A 602 11060 31 R C 3 2 Operation Section Contents continued Configure Calibrate Menu Limited Access Configuration Data Rate Efficiency Etc Mod Demod Step Filt LO FR AGC Hide Calibration Factory Values Co wow CO IO PO PO IO QO NX64A 602 11060 31 R C 3 1 Introduction Operation 3 3 The Operation section describes the front panel operation of the NX64A digital radio modem Section 3 2 Section 3 3 Section 3 4 NX64A 602 11060 31 R C Introduces the NX64 front panel LCD display status indicators and cursor buttons Table 3 1 lists the status indicators and their meanings Introduces the NX64A screen menus with a very useful flow diagram Figure 3 2 Shows each NX64A menu as it appears on the LCD display summarizes the purpose of every accessible parameter and provides relevant details in tabular form The menus are presented in their categories Control Status Configuration and Test Limited Access menus are included for reference but a detailed explanation of those functions are located in the Technical Service
5. gt M3TIOMINOO 7 13534 XY VNN3LNVY XI XL NOILV InGON YOLVINGOW vliva XL Figure 1 1 System Overview Diagram NX64A 602 11060 11 R C System Characteristics 1 15 1 4 3 Module Subsystem Description The NX64A Digital Radio Link is configured as a full duplex system The basic architecture for each of the radios is identical This description applies to the entire NX64A family of radios Where applicable this section will detail the differences between models Each radio includes the following CPU Modem Motherboard e Transmitter Module Receiver Module Front Panel Power Supply e Data Interface Card e Duplexer Digital Multiplexer Module option e Remote option e G 703 module option Forward Error Correction option NX64A 602 11060 11 R C 1 16 System Characteristics S 9 gt 5 2 om we o gt NX64A 602 11060 11 R C System Characteristics 1 17 1 4 3 1 CPU Modem Motherboard The CPU Modem Motherboard provides following subsystems Central Processing Unit Digital Modulator Digital Demodulator Clock Recovery Data Recovery D
6. RECOVERED CLOCK RECEIVER lt DEMODULATOR NX64A Modem Internal Data Clock Timing Figure 2 5 Conceptual Diagram CLOCK RECOVERY MD1188 8 NX64A 602 11060 21 R C Installation 2 15 Figure 2 6 below shows conceptual diagram of the NX64A internal data clock timing Note that when the option is installed in the unit the Composite 5 labeled A through F in Figure 2 5 are connected to FEC board as shown in Figure 2 6 FEC EN DISABLE TX DATA TX DATA IN gt s CLOCK OUT dB TX CLOCK TERMINAL TIMING FROM MODEM TX CLOCK IN TX CLOCK SEND TIMING 21 gt gt lt TX CLOCK COMPOSITE FEC MODEM vo ENGINE lt FEC RX CLOCK FEC BOARD RX CLOCK IN gt NC SW 7 Rx oldok RX CLOCK OUT RX CLOCK RECEIVE TIMING lt p E FROM MODEM EA lt lt DISABLE 01165 0 Figure 2 6 Conceptual Diagram NX64A FEC Internal Data Clock Timing Figure 2 7 below shows a situation where the local NX64A is supplying the master clock for the whole system The local and remote data terminal equipment DTE should both be configured to accept clocks from their respectiv
7. Co channel 1st Adj e 2nd Adj 3rd Adj E a gt 8 74 72 70 68 66 Received Signal Level dBm Figure 5 3 Interference for 10 4 BER Co Channel and Adjacent Channels High Efficiency EFF2 7 Level Modulation NX64A 602 11060 51 R C System Planning amp Engineering 5 17 5 3 4 BER versus SNR at Receiver Output Figure 5 4 below indicates the BER performance versus signal to noise ratio at the receiver output This is before any additional noise filtering on the modem main board 1 0 1 0 01 0 001 0 0001 0 00001 0 000001 0 0000001 Figure 5 4 BER versus SNR at Receiver Output NX64A 602 11060 51 R C 5 18 System Planning amp Engineering 5 3 5 SNR versus Signal Level Figure 5 5 below indicates the signal to noise ratio versus signal level at the receiver output at 64 kbps This is before the additional noise filtering on the modem board 80 Signal Level DBM Figure 5 5 SNR versus Signal Level Data Rate 64 kbps NX64A 602 11060 51 R C System Planning 8 Engineering 5 19 5 3 6 RSSI versus Signal Level Figure 5 6 below shows the DC voltage output of the received signal strength indicator RSSI for vario
8. 135 1531 438 vivd SOLV T GON v a ylva HOLIAS y MIVAdOOT JS 17210 141910 gt HOLIMS MIVAAOOT SOTVNV Em ZZZ a4 5313935 VIVO M3AI3934 LX X2VHd001 a 2 4001 TFLIOIG NOLLY INGOW viva XL YOLYINGOW Yoc Figure 2 4 Remote Loopback Test Setup NX64A 602 11060 21 R C Installation 2 13 2 4 Interconnection to Other Equipment This section describes typical interconnections to some external equipment that has been tested and verified Be careful to note that other manufacturer s equipment may be different than what is referenced here therefore please refer to all applicable operating manuals for current configurations 2 4 1 Timing Incorrect timing and clock settings are the most common causes of all system problems concerning non synchronization of data and clock contention It is most important to understand the system requirements and to be able to resolve timing conflicts when dealing with equipment from different manufacturers
9. RJ45 MDA1243 1 Figure B 7 Remote Metering Option Terminal Block RJ45 8 NX64A 602 11060 1 10 7047 i N YR A 2 NAO A Wf AO ose Nb X S ADAPTOR NX64A G 703 4 230 11138 01 REV LABELING INFO Figure B 8 703 Adaptor 230 11138 01 R A NX64A 602 11060 AA1 R C C Connector Pin Assignments OUTPUT DIFF LK QUTPUT DIFF OUTPUT OUTPUT DIFF B OUTPUT DIFF A NPUT DIFF B NPUT DIFF PUT DIFF A NPUT PUT TXD INPUT DIF TXD INPUT DIF OUTPUT DIF CLK OUTPUT D Figure C 1 See Tables C 1 through C 5 for valid Connections NX64A 602 11060 AA1 R C Appendix 11 A 12 Appendix RX XFER IN RX XFER OUT TX XFER IN TX XFER 0UT Se 112 yC 8 STBY XFER MD1144 8 Figure C 2 Figure C 3 NX64A 602 11060 AA1 R C 13 OUT M LEAD RETURN MD1149 8 Figure
10. 01142 Figure 1 NX64A 602 11060 AA1 R C 3 B Interface Cables Schematics SEND DATA A 7 SEND DATA B C I i 7 N a Xp END TIMING B TIMING CLK RX_B RX TIMING gt REQUEST TO SEND 5 CLEAR TO SEND DATA SET READY 7 DATA TERMINAL READY e gt 1 3 RECEIVE LINE SIGNAL DETECTOR GROUND FRAME PROTECTIVE GROUND NOE AANA NEA S SEEE FE R YEN NA BAr NR E Ndo N FEMALE V 35 CONNECTOR MALE DB 25 CONNECTOR 3 QR n Sy Figure B 1 NX64A 602 11060 AA1 R C 4 Appendix 449 DCE SEND SEND RECE RECE TERM TERM SEND SEND SEND REQUEST TO SEND B 5_0 9 C CLEAR TO SEND 24 AR TO SEND B TA MODE TA MODE 8
11. 2 TERMINAL READY m 20 Cj TERMINAL READY B 3 RECEIVER READY 216 RECEIVER B GND lt 25 FEMALE DB 57 CONNECTOR 01185 Figure 2 NX64A 602 11060 AA1 R C 5 PN MALE DB 25 CONNECTOR 9 MALE DB 25 CONNECTOR i A 24 MD1187 A Figure B 3 NX64A 602 11060 AA1 R C A 6 Appendix SEND DATA SEND DATA B RECEIVE DATA EIVE DATA B SERIAL CLOCK TRANSMIT EXT TERMINAL TIMING SERIAL CLOCK T j SERIAL CLO SERIAL CLOCK TRANSMIT B SEND TIM SERIAL CLO RECEIVE A RECEIVING TIM SERIAL CLOCK RECEIVE RECEIVING TIMING REQUEST TO S 5 CLEAR TO SEND DATA SET READY TERMINAL READY EIVE LINE SIGNAL DETECTOR E VAL GR e FRAME PROTECTIVE GROUND MALE DB 25 CO
12. 6 Dish 1 8 m 8 Dish 2 4 m 10 Dish 3 0 m Line 4 Total lines 1 2 and 3 and enter here This is the total gain in the proposed system Line 5 Enter amount of free space path loss as determined by the formula given in Section 5 2 2 or see the table below 602 11060 51 R C 5 8 System Planning amp Engineering Table 5 2 Free Space Loss 5 Miles 8 km 10 Miles 16 km 15 Miles 24 km 20 Miles 32 km 25 Miles 40 km 30 Miles 48 km E Line 6 Enter the total transmitter transmission line loss Typical losses can be found in Table 5 3 Table 5 3 Transmission Line Loss FREQUENCY LDF4 50 LDF5 50 BAND per 100 meters per 100 meters F Line 7 Enter the total receiver transmission line loss see Table 5 3 above Line 8 Enter the total connector losses A nominal figure of 0 5 dB is reasonable based on 0 125 dB mated pair H Line 9 Enter all other miscellaneous losses here Such losses might include power dividers duplexers diplexers isolators isocouplers and the like Typical Duplexer losses are 1 5 dB per terminal Table 5 4 Branching Losses Non Standby Terminal 400 MHz Hot Standby Terminal 400 MHz Non Standby Terminal 900 MHz Hot Standby Terminal 900 MHz NX64A 602 11060 51 R C System Planning 8 Engineering 5 9 l Line 10 Enter obstruction losses due to knife edge obstructions etc J Line 11 Total lines 5 to 10 and enter here This is the total los
13. 80 0 2 Sets LO2 to 80 0 MHz and sets LO1 to result in IF1 of 69 3 MHz This parameter sets LO2 and LO1 frequencies In either choice IF2 will always be 10 7 MHz This parameter is selected in the factory for optimal performance Consult your test data sheet for the correct setting Unit No for Identifying for networking applications this Unit Auto Power Adjust Threshold 1 Tx output power attenuated as Rx input level increases Threshold 2 Threshold 3 Relay Rx input level must be setting for 30 seconds to initiate Closure dela NX64A 602 11060 31 R C 3 26 Operation The RF Frequency screen uses the four direction keys somewhat differently lt LEFT gt lt RIGHT gt Select which digit is to be changed lt UP gt lt DOWN gt Increment or decrement the selected digit lt ENTER gt Accept the new frequency value and move the cursor to the next field Receive At this point the frequency displayed in the menu will be radiating if the synthesizer is still locked and the transmitter is on Note When in the rightmost allowed position which may not be the last displayed position the value is incremented in the step size of the synthesizer not in unit values For instance if the step size is at 0125 MHz the values after the decimal will go from 0000 to 0125 0250 0375 etc All other digits increase or decrease by one CAUTION If the frequency is changed in units using a duplexer the receiver may be
14. go all the way to the 80 limit in the plots This is an artifact of the spectrum analyzer used to create the plots which has less than an 80 dB dynamic range The actual occupied spectrum is well below the 80 dB limit imposed by the digital mask Figure 5 7 Spectral Occupancy High Sensitivity Mode EFF1 3 Level Modulation 256 kbps NX64A 602 11060 51 R C System Planning 8 Engineering 5 21 Figure 5 8 High Efficiency Mode EFF2 7 Level Modulation 256 kbps X REEL NOSE E B Digital Mask i fe a ER ERE ind qo e omia m rea ath rv zu Figure 5 9 Narrow Bandwidth Mode 7 Level Modulation with Reduced Deviation 256 kbps NX64A 602 11060 51 R C Section 6 Customer Service Introduction Technical Consultation Factory Service Field Repair NX64A 602 11060 61 R C 6 2 Customer Service 6 1 Introduction Moseley Associates will assist its product users with difficulties Most problems can be resolved through telephone consultation with our technical service department When necessary factory service may be provided If you are not certain whether factory service of your equipment is covered please check your product Warranty Service Agreement Do not return any equipment to Moseley without prior consultation The solutions to many technical problems can be found in our product manuals please read them and become familiar with
15. FEC Lo Reading 0 0 Lo Reading 0 0 Calibr Value 12 0 Calibr Val 25 Test FEC ENABLED MIS ONT TEST BERLED UNIT Remote Unit i RF FREQUENCY Remote Unit HIDDEN RF Frequency Rx LO Freq LOW Lock Settings NO Auto Power Adjust Auto Power Adjust Test EID aa Pe E Ee Transmit 934 0875MHz 2nd LO Freq 80 7 Hz Threshold 1 80 dB MENU Receive 944 0875MHz Unit No for Threshold 2 70 dB Relay Closure Loopback CLEAR Efficiency 2 this Unit Threshold 3 60 dB Delay 30 sec NX64A 602 11060 31 3 8 Operation This page is intentionally blank NX64A 602 11060 31 Operation 3 9 3 4 3 4 1 Controls Menu Controls 1 Control Transfer DISABLED Status RADIATE Controls 2 Tx Auto Shutdown Rx Transfer ON Fuer _ Tx Control Transmitter always on os Transmitter always off XFER Transfers power to the RF power amplifier module Controlled by the external XFER connector used in or risa configurations Cold standby configuration OFF Transmitter radiates or transmitter off If REV PWR gt 65 TX will shut down in cycle mode OFF Auto shutdown disabled OFF Cold standby configuration continued on next page NX64A 602 11060 31 R C 3 10 Operation Controls 3 RELAY CONTROLS AUTO POWER ADJUST MAP LEDS TO RELAYS Relay Controls Power Control Status LEDs Relay 1 ON Relay
16. Forward Error Correction Option To overcome industrial and other man made impulse noise as well as other burst mode interferences powerful Reed Solomon Forward Error Correction is available as an option Unfaded BER performance in excess of 107 offers unparalleled error free performance Contact Moseley Associates for more information about the Remote Metering option NX64A 602 11060 11 R C Section 2 Installation Introduction Unpacking Inspection Inventory Pre Installation Testing Warnings Loopback Tests Local Loopback Testing Remote Loopback End to End Testing Interconnection to Other Equipment Timing Repeater Connections NX64A to SDM T ACT NX64A to Kilomux RAD Standby Configuration Rack Installation Power Supply Equipment Interconnection NX64A External Duplexer preferred Internal Duplexer Hot Cold Standby Modes Hot Standby preferred Cold Standby 64 Receiver Operation TP64 Front Panel Controls and Indicators LED Indicators TRANSFER Switches Master Slave Operation amp LED Status Software Settings NX64A Clock Settings NX64A Control Settings 4A NVNNNNNN ND PY Continued on following page NX64A 602 11060 21 R 2 2 Installation section Contents continued Site Installation Physical and Environmental Considerations Power Requirements RF Connections Data Connections Rack Mount Installation Antenna Feed System Antenna Installation
17. Transmission Line Installation Testing Environmental Seals Link Alignment NX64A 602 11060 21 R C Installation 2 3 2 1 Introduction This section guides the user through a detailed procedure for 64 installation beginning with unpacking the unit and pre installation bench tests to site installation and link alignment Information regarding connection to external equipment mux demux etc data interface options and equipment timing setup clock configurations is also covered 2 2 Unpacking Inspection Inventory NOTE Please check for damage to the outside and inside of the shipping container If any damage is noted please contact Moseley Customer Service and the shipping carrier to report it Your NX644A is shipped in a high quality cardboard container and packed with high density molded foam This packaging can withstand the damage that may occur during shipping such as may be caused by vibration or impacts and will still protect its contents The original packing box and molded foam are the only suitable packaging for shipping the NX64A During unpacking observe how the NX64A is packed If the equipment must be re shipped it must be repacked in exactly the same manner to avoid damage The packaging includes one large cardboard box two foam side caps and one accessory box Retain these items for future use The receiver module is shock mounted to a bracket above the duplexer see Figure 2 1 The tie dow
18. and high speed file transfers By use of CCITT G 721 ADPCM encoding up to 16 voice channels can be transmitted using 512 kbps of data Voice compression technology permits toll quality transmission with data rates as low as 8 kbps When used with these multiplexers the NX64A can transmit eight voice channels for every 64 kbps of data This application can be seen in Figure 4 2 below Multiplexer Multiplexer Fe N x 64 Radio Modem N x 64 Radio Modem B MULTICHANNEL APPLICATION 01177 Figure 4 2 NX64A 602 11060 41 R C 4 5 4 4 Private Telecom Application Private telecom operators such as oil gas and electric companies or commercial common carriers typically utilize a medium capacity backbone network for their voice fax data communication needs These backbone networks typically operate at either 8 or 34 Mbps providing between 120 to 480 voice channels This application can be seen in Figure 4 3 below To service requirements for users offices that are not directly on the backbone low capacity two to twelve channels links are generally utilized Even though the backbone networks have been digital the low capacity networks tend to be analog spurs necessitating A D conversions at the spur points The NX64A will accept multiples of 64 kbps from a 2 Mbps drop and insert multiplexer and transmit it to local distributi
19. at the pass frequency and maximum attenuation at the reject frequency The insertion loss directly affects power out on the TX side and sensitivity on the RX side The device consists of multiple high Q capacitively tuned TEM cavity resonators The result is at least 65 dB isolation between the transmit and receive frequencies The selection of a duplexer depends on a number of factors including frequency of operation separation between these frequencies minimum required TX RX isolation and power level The NX64A offers a number of duplexer choices Depending on the physical configuration and size of a duplexer it can be mounted either inside the NX64A chassis or externally in a rack In the 297 512 MHz band if the separation is 4 5 MHz or greater an internal duplexer may be used If the separation is less than 4 5 MHz an external duplexer must be used In the 790 960 MHz band if the separation is 9 0 MHz or greater the duplexer can be mounted inside If the separation is less than 9 0 MHz an external duplexer must be used 1 4 3 8 Digital Multiplexer Module Option The NX64A has card slots allowing the use of up to two SL9000DM Digital Multiplexer modules The SL9000DM replaces external multiplexer equipment Each module provides 4 data channels 8 channels with two modules Each channel is independently configured using a plug in data interface daughter card that determines the communications standard for that chann
20. damaged unless the duplexer is retuned before the transmitter is turned on at the new frequency It is not advisable to make this menu available to the less qualified operators Efficiency Cycle through the choices with the lt RIGHT gt or lt LEFT gt keys then lt ENTER gt Accept the new efficiency setting and move the cursor to the next screen RX LO Freq lt DOWN gt Exit the efficiency field without accepting changes and move the cursor to the next screen RX LO Freq lt UP gt Return the cursor to the Receive field without accepting changes made to the efficiency setting NX64A 602 11060 31 Operation 3 27 3 4 4 Test Menu 3 4 4 1 Test Unit Selection Test THIS UNIT REMOTE UNIT Message Summary THIS UNIT Provides selection menus for the local unit REMOTE UNIT Provides selection menus for a remote unit 3 4 4 2 This Unit Test Menu Test Loopback CLEAR LOOPBACK Allows enabling of the various loopback modes See Figures 2 3 and 2 4 CLEAR Indicates no loopback is enabled This is the normal operating mode ANALOG Connects the analog output of the modulator to the analog input of the demodulator This also connects the demodulator output to the modulator input for remote loopback testing Front panel LBK status LED is illuminated red DIGITAL Connects the digital input to the digital output This also connects the digital output to the digital input for remote loopback testing
21. 0875MHz STATUS Tx Data Rate 256Kbs Ch Spacing 200KHz Rx Data Rate SameKbps This Unit SYSTEM Active only Status System Status 1 System Status 2 with remote System Status 3 System Status 4 FAULT Battery 12 0V option Ext Status Readings Ext Analog Readings TRANSMITTER MODEM NMS Qual 100 095 System RECEIVER SYSTEM Orderwire OFF iP Bandwidth 50 KHz 4 B 4 Ch Spacing SameKbps EFFICIENCY ETC Efficiency Orderwire OFF Pilot NARROW Scrambler ON STATUS Status THIS UNIT REMOTE UNIT RECEIVER Rx Status 1 Rx Status 2 Rx Signal 50 Synthesizer LOCK AFC Level 6 0 V Rx Enabled YES LO Level 100 0 Freq 945 0875MHz MAIN MOD DEMOD NX 64 FEC Main Menu Mod Level 250 CONTROLS CONFIGURE Demod 114 209 STATUS TEST Demod Level 62 This Unit Fault s Total Faults Since TX Forward Power STEP FILT Reset TX Fwd Power Calibr Step Size 0 01250 Hi Reading 100 0 IF Filt BW 200 KHz FAULT Reading 1 0 Rx LO Freq HIGH Remote FUA alibr Val 100 0 AG RX 5 Total Faults Since TX AFC Level Reset TX Calib i STATUS 7 Menu Protection Remote Unit TRANSMITTER Lo Reading 0 0 Hide Menus NO Remote Unit Remote Unit Calibr
22. 11060 31 R C 3 18 Operation 3 4 2 1 5 This Unit System Status System Status 1 Battery 12 5 NMS Qual 0 05 Orderwire OFF System Status 2 System Clock IF Bandwidth 200 kHz Parameter Range Nominal Summary 000 BATTERY 0 48V 11 4 48 V Battery or AC DC converter primary supply voltage NMS QUAL 100 96 10096 Measure of the percentage of good transmission packets received for the internal NMS communications optional ORDERWIRE ON OFF OPTION SYSTEM ON OFF Internal clock operational CLOCK NONE 25 Indicates the bandwidth of the IF filter SNR 50 100 or currently in use The system will automatically 200 kHz choose the appropriate filter if available from WIDE among any IF filters installed in the receiver module If the correct filter is not available it will choose the next larger bandwidth filter If a larger filter is not available or if no filter is present it will indicate NONE and the front panel FLT LED will be on system dependent NX64A 602 11060 31 R C Operation 3 19 System Status 3 Ext Status Readings 1 2 4 System Status 4 Ext Analog Readings 1 3 2 4 Parameter Nominal summary 0 EXT STATUS ON OFF Remote OPTION input status digital READINGS This menu is available with the optional 1 4 remote I O board It does not appear if that board is not installed EXT ANALOG 0 999 9 Remote OPTION Input
23. 2 TRANSFER Switches The RADIO A and RADIO B transfer switches cause the selected radio to become active and the Master 2 5 7 Master Slave Operation amp LED Status The TP64 operates in a Master Slave logic mode In the power up condition the Master is RADIO A This means that RADIO A is the default active unit The following logic applies to hot or cold standby external or internal duplexer configurations Note For the internal duplexer NX64A configuration the TX and RX modules will switch in tandem with each other but the A B Master Slave logic is the same Table 2 5 TP64 Transmitter Master Slave Logic Selected TXA TXB TXA TXB Active TX TX Relay Master Status Status LED LED Position FAL 9 Master Logic B OK FAL B FAL OK RED B B FAIL FAIL RED RED N A B Master Logic A B A B OK B A B B NX64A 602 11060 21 R C 2 32 Installation Table 2 6 TP64 Receiver Master Slave Logic Selected RXB RXA RXB Active RX RX Data Master Status Status LED LED amp CIk FAL OK GRN Logic N A B OK OK B B OK FAL GRN RED A B FAL B B FAIL FAIL RED RED N A None Logic A Master Logic default power up If RADIO A is good the TP64 will remain in RADIO A positi
24. 4 2 1 4 This Unit Modem Status 3 4 2 1 4 1 FER vs Post FEC BER Discussion 3 4 2 1 5 This Unit System Status 3 4 2 2 1 Remote Unit Fault Status 3 4 2 2 2 Remote Unit Transmitter Tx Status 3 4 2 2 3 Remote Unit Modem Status 3 4 3 Configuration Menu 3 4 3 1 Clock Source 3 4 3 2 Data Rate Screen 3 4 3 3 RTS CTS Delay 3 4 3 4 FEC Forward Error Correction 3 4 3 5 RF Frequency Limited Access 3 4 4 Test Menu 3 4 4 1 Test Unit Selection 3 4 4 2 This Unit Test Menu 3 4 4 3 Remote Unit Test Menu 3 4 5 Configure Calibrate Menu Limited Access 3 4 5 1 Configuration 3 4 5 1 1 Data Rate 3 4 5 1 2 Efficiency Etc 3 4 5 1 3 Mod Demod 3 4 5 1 4 Step Filt LO FR AGC 3 4 5 1 5 Hide 3 4 5 2 Calibration 3 4 5 3 Factory Values 1 1 1 CO CO WW CO Co Q2 CO Co 09 CO C2 CO ONN Continued on following page NX64A 602 11060 R C Table of Contents section Contents continued NX64A Applications Introduction Rural Telephone Applications Multichannel Application Private Telecom Application ISDN Application VSAT Tail Circuit Applications Compressed Video Application ATM Network Mobile Public Safety Application System Planning amp Engineering Int
25. Base Unit CPU Modem Chassis Front Panel NX Front panel with interface cable Power Supply Universal AC Modular power supply 12 VDC 24 VDC 48 VDC Transmitter 290 305 MHz Transmitter module with interface cable 320 330 MHz 345 360 MHz 360 400 MHz 400 440 MHz 440 512 MHz 800 870 MHz 870 960 MHz Receiver 297 327 MHz Receiver module with interface cable and shock 330 400 MHz mount bracket assembly 400 440 MHz 440 470 MHz 470 512 MHz 800 870 MHz 870 910 MHz 910 960 MHz IF Filters 25 kHz Installed in receiver module SIMM socket up to 50 kHz 4 IF filter cards per system multirate 100 kHz configuration 200 kHz WIDE NX64A 602 11060 11 R C System Characteristics 1 13 1 4 1 64 Digital Radio Product Structure Continued Duplexer Options None No duplexer includes appropriate RF cables and connectors External External rack mount cavity duplexer includes appropriate RF cables and connectors 406 470 MHz 1 4 5 MHz separation 470 512 MHz 1 4 5 MHz separation 806 960 MHz 3 6 9 MHz separation Internal 297 327 MHz 7 18 MHz separation 347 406 MHz 7 18 MHz separation 355 406 MHz 4 5 7 MHz separation 406 450 MHz 4 5 7 MHz separation 450 470 MHz 4 5 7 MHz separation 470 512 MHz 4 5 7 MHz separation 800 960 MHz 9 15 MHz separation 800 960 MHz 15 30 MHz separation 800 960 MHz 30 50 MHz separation Digital Interface RS 449 RS 449 Interface Kit SDR DTE V 35 V 35 Interface Kit SDR DTE Fem
26. Characteristics foomens JR Introduction System Features System Specifications System Transmitter Receiver System Description NX64A Digital Radio Product Structure System Overview Module Subsystem Description CPU Modem Motherboard Transmitter Module Digital Receiver Module Front Panel Power Supply Module Data Interface Cards Duplexers Digital Multiplexer Module Option Remote Option Remote Metering Option FEC Forward Error Correction Option 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ADDIU WN Co un A ho 60 0 1 Ni Io lA l l l l l l 1 NX64A 602 11060 11 R C 1 2 System Characteristics 1 1 Introduction The NX64A Digital Radio Link is a spectrum efficient digital modem and radio offering a high performance reliable and cost effective alternative to leased lines and conventional analog radios Available in 297 512 MHz 790 960 MHz and 1425 1535 MHz frequency bands the NX64A is capable of transmitting 32 512 kbps over distances up to 35 miles 55 kilometers The NX64A Digital Radio Link is available in five data rate configurations see below Table 1 1 Occupied Bandwidth kbps Bandwidth kHz Bandwidth kHz 28 32 50 56 64 100 112 128 200 168 192 20
27. Clock Source Options e Internal Oscillator The receiver output clock is synchronized to the NX64A internal system clock e External TX Clock The receiver output clock is synchronized to an externally generated clock supplied to the transmitter usually the external MUX that is interfacing to the NX64A e Recovered Clock The receiver output clock is derived from the demodulated incoming bit stream in the receiver All receivers in the link will normally be set in this mode e External RX Clock The receiver output clock is synchronized to an external source supplied to the receiver usually the external MUX that is interfacing to the NX64A Same as external TX clock when FEC is installed Note The modem receiver clock is always synchronized to the Recovered Clock Receiver Clock Phase RX CLOCK must be configured for the proper clock phase RISING EDGE or FALLING EDGE This choice appears with the clock source with no separate menu heading e RISING EDGE The radio modem output data changes state on the rising edge of the clock waveform e FALLING EDGE The radio modem output data changes state on the falling edge of the clock waveform This is the normal setting Required for FEC enabled NX64A 602 11060 21 R 2 20 Installation Receiver Clock Phase The FEC Receiver Clock Phase switch is located on the FEC board The FEC RX CLOCK must be configured for the proper clock phase as determined b
28. FROORAMMATCE FATE UP OUTPUT Figure 1 6 Functional Block Diagram of the Moseley Programmable Down Converter The Moseley PDC consists of 13 different sections Synchronization Input Input Level Detector Carrier Mixer Numerically Control Oscillator NCO CIC Decimating Filter 255 Tap Programmable FIR Filter Automatic Gain Control AGC Re sampler Halfband Filter Timing NCO Cartesian to Polar Converter Discriminator and Output Sections All of these sections are configured through a microprocessor interface Automatic MSB Adjust Circuit The AUTO MSB board is an assembly that replaces the manual MSB adjustment circuitry on the NX64 CPU MODEM board A block diagram is shown below in Figure 1 7 Input Signal A D Input DC volts A D Input Centered Figure 1 7 MSB Adjustment Circuitry NX64A 602 11060 11 R C System Characteristics 1 25 The circuit consists of an integrator a low pass filter and a summing amplifier that performs the MSB adjusting function automatically The MSB adjust potentiometer A DREF R1213 on the CPU MODEM board becomes inoperative Install the AUTO MSB Board To install the AUTO MSB Board 1 Unplug the power into the NX64 2 Remove the top cover 3 Locate and carefully remove U121 from the CPU MODEM board taking care not to bend the IC pins Install the IC onto the AUTO MSB board be sure to align
29. LOCK TX modem phase locked to clock muoma 00 clock is locked transmit clock 130 Relative to RX baseband and center tuning of FM Demod to 10 700 MHz max linearity FER FEC System BER post FEC indication since Post Forward Error reset The values are cleared and a new Correction Bit Error summation started when ENTER is Rate pressed At the lower data rates it may take considerable time to accumulate enough errors for a significant reading FrErrs Actual error count frames since reset Frames Actual bit count frames since reset system dependent continued on next page NX64A 602 11060 31 R 3 16 Operation Modem Status 3 BER 1 00E 10 Errors 1 0000 01 Bits 1 0000 10 Modem Status 4 PFECMinBer 2 65E 02 FEC Sync LOCK FEC Versi Parameter Range Nominal Summary _ BER Raw BER pre FEC indication since reset Pre FEC Bit Error The values are cleared and a new Rate summation started when lt ENTER gt is pressed At the lower data rates it may take considerable time to accumulate enough errors for a significant reading Errors Actual error count since reset Bits bit count since reset PFECMinBER b ee FEC Minimum Bit Error Rate FEC Sync LOCK LOCK Status of FEC synchronization UNLOCK Vers FEC Firmware Version system dependent 3 4 2 1 4 1 FE
30. Loopback can verify The data interface card is working properly The external mux equipment is communicating with the NX64A Analog Loopback can verify The NX64A modem is working properly RF Loopback can verify The entire system including the transmitter and receiver modules working properly Analog or Digital Loopback Test Procedure Required Equipment Bit Error Rate Test set BERT set with the proper interface connection RF power termination 10 Watt min 50 ohms dummy load Procedure 1 Place the modem into digital loopback TEST menu and set the BERT to the proper data rate Run the bit error rate test for one minute without receiving any errors Repeat this test using analog loopback in the NX64A After one minute no errors should be recorded If errors are recorded in either of these tests and proper connection and operation of the BERT test has been verified call customer service for further instructions NX64A 602 11060 21 R C 2 10 Installation RF Loopback Test Procedure Required Equipment Bit Error Rate Test set BERT with the proper interface connection RF Turnaround Box that operates at the proper frequency and is low noise contact customer service for further information Procedure Disable the modem loopback CLEAR in the TEST menu and set the BERT to the proper data rate Run the bit error rate test for one minute without receiving any errors If errors are
31. O Connections Table C 2 V 35 NX64A I O Connections Table C 3 EIA530 I O Connections Table 4 RS 232 Connections Table C 5 G 703 Connections Table C 6 FEC Switch Settings Manufacturer s Data Sheets NX64A 602 11060 R C Table of Contents List of Figures Bee me awe OONDOOARWBNY O NX64A System Overview Diagram System Block Diagram Transmitter Block Diagram RF Down Converter Block Diagram Digital Down Converter Block Diagram Functional Block Diagram of the Moseley Programmable Down Converter MSB Adjustment Circuitry Shipping Strap Removal Rear Panel I O Ports and Controls Local Loopback Test Setup Remote Loopback Test Setup Conceptual Diagram NX64A Modem Internal Data Clock Timing Conceptual Diagram NX64A FEC Internal Data Clock Timing NX64A Data Clock Timing Example 1 NX64A Data Clock Timing Example 2 NX64A Data Clock Timing Example 3 NX64A Data Clock Timing Example 4 NX64A Repeater Interconnection NX64A Interconnection to SDM T NX64A Interconnection to RAD Kilomux External Duplexer Configuration Internal Duplexer Configuration TP64 Front Panel Site Installation Details Rack Mount Bracket Installation Antenna Feed System Testing Front Panel Display and Controls Screen Menu Flowchart Rural Telephone Applications Multichannel Application Private Telecom Application ISDN Application VSAT Tail Circuit Applications Compressed Video Applicat
32. R C 1 6 System Characteristics Additional Product Features Microprocessor control and menu driven operator panel facilitates user friendly operation Available in 297 512 MHz band with 5 or 9 watt output in 790 960 MHz band with 5 watt output in 1425 1535 MHz band with 1 watt output and in 2300 2500 band with 20 dBm output e Selectable data rate operation from 16 kbps to 512 kbps Selectable spectral efficiency of 1 and 2 bps Hz Allows tradeoff between system gain and occupied bandwidth Adjustable Bit Error Threshold for monitoring transmission quality Programmable RTS CTS delays from 1 to 1000 msec Full support for hot and cold standby operation Optional Forward Error Correction for burst mode interferences NX64A 602 11060 11 R C System Characteristics 1 7 1 3 System Specifications 1 3 1 System Frequency 297 512 MHz 790 960 MHz 1425 1535 MHz 2300 2500 MHz Fully synthesized No adjustments required within a 1 MHz band Adjustable within a 20 MHz band without component changes Tx Rx Spacing Internal duplexer limited to the following minimum spacings 7 MHz 297 327 MHz 4 5 MHz 335 512 MHz band 9 MHz 790 960 MHz band 40 MHz 1425 1535 MHz band Consult Factory for 2300 2500 MHz band External duplexer required for smaller spacings Frequency 2 5 kHz to 25 kHz programmable Step Size Data Rate Selectable depending on IF bandwidth and efficiency setting 16 19 2 kbps 28 32 kbps 5
33. Request To Send B DTE Ready DCE Ready B DTE Ready B Transmit Signal Element Timing A DTE 18 Appendix Table C 4 RS 232 I O Connections chassis gnd Chassis Gnd txd_i 5 Transmit Data 5 Receive Data rts i S Request To Send cts o O S Clear To Send dsr o O S Data Set Ready signal gnd Signal Gnd dcd o O S Data Carrier Detect 5 Transmit Clock Out O 5 Receive Clock Out dtr i 5 Data Terminal Ready i 5 Transmit Clock In rxc i 5 Receive Clock In NOTES O output S single ended D differential NX64A 602 11060 1 19 Table C 5 703 Connections chassis gnd Chassis Gnd tid oa Transmit Data a Receive Data o b Transmit Data b rxd i b Receive Data b NOTES O output S single ended D differential Table C 6A FEC Switch Settings 1 2 OFF ON 3 OFF OFF 4 OFF OFF Table C 6B FEC Switch Settings Switch Position Reserved Must be OFF Reserved Must be ON OFF Normal RX Clock Phase ON Invert Reserved Must be OFF NX64A 602 11060 AA1 R C 20 Appendix D Manufacturer s Data Sheets The following pages contain example data sheets of some common antenna and cabling equipment Inclusion herein does not constitute an endorsement by Moseley Associates Inc Moseley does not guarantee the content of these sheets NX64A 602 110
34. and height of obstacles nature of the terrain and whether the effects of concern are primary or secondary effects Primary effects caused by an obstacle that blocks the direct path depend on whether it is totally or partially blocking whether the blocking is in the vertical or the horizontal plane and the shape and nature of the obstacle The most serious of the secondary effects is reflection from surfaces in or near the path such as the ground or structures For shallow angle microwave reflections there will be NX64A 602 11060 51 R C System Planning 8 Engineering 5 3 a 180 half wavelength phase shift at the reflection point Additionally reflected energy travels farther and arrives later directly increasing the phase delay The difference in distance traveled by the direct waves and the reflected waves expressed in wavelengths of the carrier frequency is added to the half wavelength delay caused by reflection Upon arrival at the receiving antenna the reflected signal is likely to be out of phase with the direct signal and may tend to add to or cancel the direct signal The extent of direct signal cancellation or augmentation by a reflected signal depends on the relative powers of the direct and the reflected signals and on the phase angle between them Maximum augmentation will occur when the signals are exactly in phase which will be the case when the total phase delay is equal to one wavelength or equal to any inte
35. dcd o 5 Receive Line Signal Detector Send 5 Receive Data O D Receive Data O D AA Serial Clock Transmit B O D Y Serial Clock Transmit A O D X Serial Clock Receive B O D V Serial Clock Receive A 5 H Data Terminal Ready D W Serial Clock Transmit Ext A U Serial Clock Transmit Ext B NOTES l input O output S single ended D differential WIN M required for RAD interface NX64A 602 11060 AA1 R C chassis gnd o a rts cts dsr a signal a rc ob OOo Oo dcd o b i c oov b cts o b i b o b 0 rts i b dtr ia dsr o b dtr i b tcx ia Ozoutput S single ended D differential NX64A 602 11060 1 D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D Table C 3 Appendix A 17 EIA530 1 Connections EIA530 DCE D25 F FUNCTION Shield Transmitted Data A Received Data A Request To Send A Clear To Send A DCE Ready A Signal Gnd Receive Line Signal Detector A Receiver Signal Element Timing B DCE Receive Line Signal Detector B Transmit Signal Element Timing B DTE Transmit Signal Element Timing A DCE Clear To Send B Transmitted Data B Transmit Signal Element Timing A DCE Received Data B Receiver Signal Element Timing B DCE
36. it is unusual the receiver can be set to a different data rate than the transmitter Usually the menu choice for Rx Data Rate should be SAME The channel spacing value indicates the necessary channel spacing to support the chosen data rates TX DATA Seetable Sets the data rate for the transmitter modem RATE CH See table A tallyback indication of the transmitter channel spacing SPACING Determined by the data rate and IF filter configuration in the system RX DATA See table Sets the data rate for the receiver modem RATE CH See table A tallyback indication of the receiver channel spacing Determined SPACING by the data rate and IF filter configuration in the system Table 3 2 Data Rate vs Channel Spacing Tx Data Rate Channel Channel ore Eff OFF ___ kHz kHz 28 Kbps 50 kHz 25 kHz 32 Kbps 50 kHz 25 kHz 56 Kbps 100 kHz 50 kHz 64 Kbps 100 kHz 50 kHz 112 Kbps 200 KHz 100 KHz 128 Kbps 200 KHz 100 KHz 168 Kbps 200 KHz 200 KHz 192 Kbps 200 KHz 200 KHz 224 Kbps WIDE 200 KHz 256 Kbps WIDE 200 KHz 336 Kbps WIDE 384 Kbps WIDE 448 Kbps FACTORY SETUP WIDE 512 Kbps REQUIRED WIDE NX64A 602 11060 31 R 3 24 Operation 3 4 3 3 RTS CTS Delay RTS CTS Delay 0 msec Function senings Summary Sets the RTS to CTS delay on the composite port In a half duplex system where only the transmitter or the receiver is on at one time there is necessarily some delay time from
37. line losses to a minimum and will allow for the full range potential of the NX64A In addition potential problems encountered with long runs of transmission line such as bending and kinking in normal electrical conduit and raceways will be eliminated The building or room chosen for installation should be free from excessive dust and moisture The area should not exceed the recommended temperature range and should provide ready access to PPT Telco and data cabling The installation location should allow for ample air flow Also allow extra room for service access to cables and wiring NX64A 602 11060 21 R C 2 36 Installation 2 6 2 Power Requirements The 64 is adaptable to power sources found worldwide Verify that the power system used at the installation site provides a proper earth ground Additionally verify that the power supply option of the NX64A matches the voltage provided by the facility where the equipment will be located The source should be stable as well as having lightning protection breakdown devices If the power source is unpredictable consider using battery power with a float charger for more reliable operation 2 6 3 RF Connections All RF connections should be made with low loss transmission line using the shortest distance possible between the NX64A and the antenna system All connections should be first wrapped with Scotch 70 tape to form a water tight seal and then wrapped with Scotch 88 tape to provid
38. off power to the radio Exchange the wattmeter with the barrel adapter and coaxial jumper at the antenna end of the transmission line Power up the radio Observe forward power to the antenna and verify that power loss in the transmission line is within system specifications Verify that reflected power from the antenna is negligible Reflected power should be less than 596 of the forward value and in most cases will be significantly less NX64A 602 11060 21 R C 2 40 Installation YAGI ANTENNA NR POWER METER IN LINE TEST CABLE p N MALE N MALE 4 1 523 J LO REFLECTED POWER MEASUREMENT SHOWN pol ya pe E lu NX64A REAR PANEL MD1182 C NOTES 1 MEASURE FORWARD AND REFLECTED POWER AT TRANSMITTER AND ANTE DETERMINE LINE LO 2 REFLECTED POWER lt 57 OF FORWARD POWER Figure 2 19 Antenna Feed System Testing 2 7 4 Environmental Seals The connections at the antenna and the transmission line must be weather sealed This is best accomplished by completely wrapping each connection with Scotch 70 tape equivalent pulling the tape tight as you wrap to create a sealed b
39. pin 1 correctly Install the AUTO MSB board at location U121 Using a small soldering iron solder the free end of the purple wire to P120 pin 11 7 Replace the top cover 8 Apply power to the NX64 No other adjustments should be required NX64A 602 11060 11 R C 1 26 System Characteristics 1 4 3 4 Front Panel The radio is provided with an intelligent front panel This front panel includes 80 character 4X20 LCD display module Six switches for configuration and testing Seven LEDs for critical status display The LCD module is menu driven and provides a very easy user interface for configuration setting and testing In addition it displays status and events The transmit and receive frequencies can be set up via the front panel The front panel allows the control and configuration of the local as well as the remote radio Refer to the Operation Section Section 3 for more information 1 4 3 5 Power Supply Module The radio is powered with a modular power supply Modules are available for universal 90 260 47 63 Hz and DC 12 24 or 48 These modules are all able to supply the necessary power for a full configuration of the NX64A Radio Jumpers on the circuit board allow the power supply ground to be common with the chassis ground or isolated for negative DC inputs The power supply provides 12 VDC to the which generates and distributes the various system vo
40. requesting the transmitter on to it turning on This parameter sets the wait time for the system to settle The value of this will be determined both by the intrinsic limits of the radio and the limits of the external system If this value is set to zero the RTS line is ignored If it is greater than zero the unit will only radiate if the RTS line is in the proper state RTS CTS 0 to 1000 Sets the wait time for the system to settle determined by DELAY msec external equipment requirements 0 disabled 3 4 3 4 FEC Forward Error Correction FEC ENABLED BER LED PRE FEC Fumo Settings Summary FEC ENABLED Enables FEC functions DISABLED BER LED PRE FEC Selects front panel BER LED function POST FEC NX64A 602 11060 31 R C Operation 3 25 3 4 3 5 RF Frequency Limited Access RF Frequency Transmit 950 0000MHz Receive 942 0000MHz Efficiency 2 Rx LO Freq 2nd LO Freq 80 7MHz Unit No for this Unit 0 Auto Power Adjust Threshold 1 80 dB Threshold 2 70 dB Threshold 3 60 dB Auto Power Adjust Relay Closure Delay 30 sec Fusion senings Summary TRANSMIT RECEIVE Select same as TX EFFICIENCY High sensitivity 3 level partial response modulation High efficiency 7 level partial response modulation See below RX LO LOW HIGH Low side or high side LO1 freq setting FREQ 2ND LO 80 7 MHz Nominal Sets LO2 to 80 7 MHz and sets LO1 to result in FREQ 4 of 70 2
41. solder joint top and bottom under a magnifier and rework solder joints to meet industry standards Inspect the adjacent components soldered by the Moseley Associates production line for an example of high reliability soldering 602 11060 61 R C Appendix ME Test Connector Schematics Figure A 1 Loopback Test Connector Interface Cables Schematics Figure B 1 NX64A SDR xx to V 35 Interface Cable Figure B 2 NX64A to RS 449 Cable Figure B 3 Null Composite Cable Figure 4 NX64A SDR xx to RAD Kilomux Interface Cable Figure B 5 NX64 to SPD 703 Interface Cable DCE DCE Figure B 6 NX64 to SPD 703 Interface Cable DCE DTE Figure B 7 Remote Metering Option Terminal Block Figure B 8 G 703 Adaptor Connector Pin Assignments Figure C 1 Composite Figure C 2 STBY XFER Figure C 3 NMS Port Figure C 4a Orderwire Figure C 4b Remote Metering Option Figure C 5 Remote External Output Figure C 6 Remote External Input Table C 1 RS 449 NX64A I O Connections Table C 2 V 35 NX64A I O Connections Table C 3 EIA530 I O Connections Table C 4 RS 232 Connections Table C 5 G 703 I O Connections Table C 6 FEC Switch Settings Manufacturer s Data Sheets NX64A 602 11060 AA1 R C A 2 Appendix A Test Connector Schematics 25 14 5 2 16 25 14 16 17 18 2 22 23 11 12 25 1 703 LOOPBACK TEST CONNECTOR
42. your equipment We invite you to visit our Internet web site at http www moseleysb com 6 2 Technical Consultation Please have the following information available prior to calling the factory Model number serial number of unit Shipment date or date of purchase of an Extended Service Agreement Any markings on suspected subassemblies such as revision level and Factory test data if applicable Efficient resolution of your problem will be facilitated by an accurate description of the problem and its precise symptoms For example is the problem intermittent or constant What are the front panel indications If applicable what is your operating frequency Technical consultation is available at 805 968 9621 from 8 00 a m to 5 00 p m Pacific time Monday through Friday During these hours a technical service representative who knows your product should be available If the representative for your product is busy your call will be returned as soon as possible Leave your name station call letters if applicable type of equipment and telephone number s where you can be reached in the next few hours Please understand that in trying to keep our service lines open we may be unable to provide walk through consultation Instead our representative will usually suggest the steps to resolve your problem try these steps and if your problem remains do not hesitate to call back After Hours Emergencies E
43. 0 224 256 400 336 384 400 448 512 Contact Factory High Efficiency 7 level modulation EFF 2 2 bps Hz High Sensitivity 3 level modulation EFF 1 1 bps Hz 384 kbps in 200 kHz is a special US version This efficiency serves to make the licensing of usable frequencies in a particular region or area much easier With leading edge digital signal processing and error correction schemes the NX64A digital radios can provide error rate performance of 1x10E 8 over line of sight distances of up to 35 miles 55 kilometers The 64 can be set up to transmit longer distances by hops with no degradation of voice and fax messages or corruption of data communications Digital radios are increasingly favored throughout the world because they can be set up quickly and easily as temporary or as permanent installations In developing countries and in the industrial nations both rural and urban networks are using digital radios when other transmission facilities are unavailable inappropriate or too expensive The NX64A is especially well suited to these applications because it has been designed for today s multimedia networking environment NX64A 602 11060 11 R C System Characteristics 1 3 1 2 System Features Spectral Efficiency The 64 requires only 50 kHz of bandwidth to transmit 64 kbps This makes it twice as efficient as most other radios available in the market place A lower efficiency option allows u
44. 2 ON Auto Adjust OFF Map to Relays ON Relay 3 Relay Controls Relay 4 ON Relay 5 ON Relay 6 OFF Freon Seas o __ Remote I O option These parameters are controls for the optional remote board These menu screens do not appear if the board is not installed RELAY 1 ON OFF Remote I O option These parameters are controls for RELAY 2 ON OFF the output relays on the optional remote board RELAY 3 ON OFF These menu screens do not appear if the board is not RELAY 4 ON OFF installed RELAY 5 ON OFF RELAY 6 ON OFF NX64A 602 11060 31 Operation 3 11 3 4 2 Status Menu 3 4 2 1 Status Unit Selection Status THIS UNIT REMOTE UNIT Message Summary THIS UNIT Provides selection menus for status information for the local unit REMOTE UNIT Provides selection menus for status information for a remote unit NX64A 602 11060 31 R C 3 12 Operation 3 4 2 1 1 This Unit Fault Status This unit Fault s Total Faults Since Reset 4 This unit Fault s This unit Fault s Message Summary Total Faults Since Reset Total number of faults for this unit since last reset Additional Fault Details found on subsequent screens TX Module TP702 0 25 Vdc 2 TX SYNTH UNLOCKED Transmitter synthesizer not locked Tx will not radiate FLT 1 will display and the TX led will be red TX Module TP703 TTL High RX Module TP712 0 25 Vdc 4 SYNTH UNLOCKED Receiver synthesizer not lo
45. 36 384 448 512 kbps CH SPACING SAME 25 50 A tallyback indication of the receiver 100 200 kbps channel spacing Determined by the WIDE data rate and IF filter configuration in the system 3 4 5 1 2 Efficiency Etc Efficiency 2 Orderwire OFF Pilot NARROW Scrambler ON Function Settings EFFICIENCY 1 High sensitivity 3 level partial response modulation 2 High efficiency 7 level partial response modulation ORDERWIRE OFF FM AM Sets modulation of orderwire option OFF disabled PILOT NARROW WID Narrow pilot highly recommended in all applications SCRAMBLER ON OFF Required ON unless external equipment has provision for scrambler NX64A 602 11060 31 R C 3 30 Operation 3 4 5 1 3 Mod Demod Mod 126 Mod Level xxx Demod AGC 114 169 Demod Level Fusion Summary MOD AGC 126 nominal Modulator automatic gain control setting dependent 170 Tallyback indication of operating point dependent 3 4 5 1 4 Step Filt LO FR AGC Step Size 0 01250 IF Filt BW 200 kHz Rx LO Freq HIGH AGC RX Function sonnas Summary STEP SIZE 001 002 0025 Synthesizer step size MHz 005 010 0125 020 025 050 100 200 250 500 1 00 MHz IF FILT BW 25 50 100 200 Used to force IF filter card switch per software kHz WIDE requirements RX LO FREQ LOW HIGH Low side or high side LO freq setting See text AGC RX RX TX OFF RX us
46. 4A TIMING DTE BUFFER SIZE PSR amp CTS INT SP PARAMETERS SPEED DATA PARITY INTERFACE MANAGEMENT NX64A CONFIGURATION CLOCK SOURCE INTERNAL OSC RISING EDGE RECOVERED FALLING EDGE NX64A 602 11060 21 R C Installation 2 27 2 5 Standby Configuration TP64 New Installation Normally the TP64 is shipped with the Main and Standby radios per the customer order and all of the settings are factory set for the system The external duplexer external to the NX64A radio will be mounted to the rear of the TP64 chassis and the appropriate frequencies will be marked for quick identification If using an internal duplexer internal to the NX64A radio it is probably a retrofit or temporary situation See Section 2 3 1 for details The shielded ribbon Y cable is included for making the data I O connections to the radios Main Standby Retrofit If the TP64 is to be installed in an existing site to convert a standalone unit to a main standby particular attention must be made to set up all of the parameters as discussed in this manual For an NX64A application it may be more expeditious to send the units to Moseley for setup Duplexer tuning if required must be carefully performed for optimum link performance 2 5 1 Rack Installation The TP64 Transfer Panel is normally mounted between the Main and Standby radios to allow the shortest possible lengths of transmission cable 2 5 2 Power Supply The TP64 main p
47. 4A 602 11060 41 R C Applications 4 7 4 7 Compressed Video Application Recent advances in compression technologies have facilitated video conferencing at data rates ranging from 128 kbps to 384 kbps The NX64A can be used either as a point to point network with video codecs connected at each end or as an extension of a backbone network with the video codec connected to the main transmission center and at the end of the tail circuit This application can be seen in Figure 4 6 below Digital Network CI E Nx 64 Radio Modem x 64 Radio Modem Compressed Video Codec COMPRESSED VIDEO APPLICATION E MD1172 A Figure 4 6 NX64A 602 11060 41 R C 4 8 Applications 4 8 ATM Network With the rapid expansion in the banking industry of automatic teller machines ATMs and point of sale transactions the demand for high speed secure data transmission has greatly increased The NX64A can be used for transmissions ranging from 19 2 kbps to 64 128 kbps in a point to multipoint configuration This application can be seen in Figure 4 7 below Appropriate front end processing equipment is required at the central processing location If packet transmission is used simultaneous transmission of voice and data is possible Nx64 Radio Modem mz Nx64 Radio Modem Central Computer ATM Terminal ATM NETWORK Fi
48. 5 12 System Planning amp Engineering 5 2 5 Methods Of Improving Reliability If adequate reliability cannot be achieved by use of a single antenna and frequency space diversity or frequency diversity or both can be used To achieve space diversity two antennas are used to receive the signal For frequency diversity transmission is done on two different frequencies For each case the two received signals will not experience fades at the same time The exact amount of diversity improvement depends on antenna spacing and frequency spacing 5 2 6 Availability Requirements Table 5 7 Fade Margins Required for 99 99 Reliability Terrain Factor of 4 0 and Climate Factor of 0 5 DISTANCE 450 MHz BAND 950 MHz BAND 5 Miles 8 km 10 Miles 16 km 15 Miles 24 km 25 Miles 40 km 20 Miles 32 km 30 Miles 48 km NX64A 602 11060 51 R C System Planning 8 Engineering 5 13 5 2 7 Path Calculation Balance Sheet Frequency of operation GHz Distance Miles SYSTEM GAINS Transmitter Power Output Transmitter Antenna Gain Receiver Antenna Gain Total Gain SYSTEM LOSSES Pathloss miles Transmission Line Loss TX Total Ft dB 100 ft Transmission Line Loss RX Total Ft dB 100 ft Connector Loss Total Branching losses Obstruction losses Total loss SYSTEM CALCULATIONS Total Gain Line 4 Total Loss line 11 Effective Received Signal Minimum Signal Required Fade Margin Terrain Fact
49. 6 64 kbps 112 128 kbps 168 192 kbps 224 256 kbps 336 384 kbps 448 512 kbps Interface V 35 RS 449 RS 232 EIA 530 RS 530 G 703 64 128 kbps Spectral Selectable Efficiency 1 bps Hz 3 level modulation High Sensitivity LOW EFF 1 2 bps Hz 7 level modulation High Efficiency HIGH EFF 2 RTS CTS Delay 1 ms to 255 ms programmable Diagnostics Local and remote loopback Local and remote status and control Monitoring of BER RSL alarms status and historical information NX64A 602 11060 11 R C 1 8 System Characteristics 1 3 1 System Continued MUX 8 HP personality module Digital Multiplexer 4 channels per module two modules may be installed Option Independent interface for each channel Available mux interfaces V 35 Voice Telco RS 449 RS 232 NMS On line off line Network Full routing and configuration Management Data Rate 1200 bps aux channel System Option Local or remote via configured data path Remote 6 command channels Option Programmable momentary momentary pulse or latching Relay spec 50V 2A 4 status channels Programmable N O N C momentary or latching alarm indication TTL compatible input standard 4 telemetry channels Programmable limit Absolute linear power to linear conversion Resolution 8 bits Temperature Full performance 0 to 50 C Range Operational 30 to 65 C Power Source Power Consumption 45W with 5W Tx output nominal configuration lt 50W w
50. 6 kbps The NX64A can handle rates up to 512 kbps Mux Option The optional SL9000DM personality module multiplexes four program channels for simultaneous transmission Use of two SL9000DM modules allows up to eight channels The digital data interface for each channel may be configured independently for V 35 RS 449 or RS 232 Additionally a Voice Telco interface option is available for direct connection to telephone circuits Network Management Extensive NMS features are available for the NX64A Real time on line and off line control along with analog and digital loopback are possible at both the local and remote terminals Event and alarm history can be reported over dial up circuits the front panel or the NMS host Service Channel An optional built in service channel that is available simultaneously with the composite data can be used for maintenance and signaling Supervisory Control In addition to the extensive NMS features as an option the 64 allows for telecontrol of 4 status 4 telemetry and 6 command channels on each radio terminal The NMS channel can optionally be used as an auxiliary data channel Source Power Modularity With modularized power supply options the NX64A can be converted quickly for AC or DC operation Low Power Consumption The NX64A s low power consumption allows cost effective solar operation Typically the NX64A consumes less than 45 watts with standard 5 watt transmitter output and no inte
51. 60 AA1 R C
52. 64A 602 11060 21 R C 2 18 Installation Transmitter Clock Source Options Internal Oscillator External TX Clock Recovered Clock External RX Clock Transmitter Clock Phase The transmitter modem clock is synchronized to the NX64A internal system clock In this case the NX64A is now supplying the system clock to all connected components The transmitter modem clock is synchronized to an externally generated clock usually an external MUX that is interfacing to the NX64A In this case the NX64A is now receiving the system clock The clock is derived from the demodulated incoming bit stream in the receiver A remote link will normally be set in this mode as the remote receiver is deriving the system clock from the local NX64A transmitter via its incoming data The transmitter is synchronized to an external source supplied to the receiver usually the external MUX that is interfacing to the remote NX64A Same as external Tx Clock when FEC is installed TX CLOCK must be configured for the proper clock phase RISING EDGE or FALLING EDGE This choice appears with the clock source with no separate menu heading RISING EDGE FALLING EDGE The radio modem samples input data on the rising edge of the clock waveform This is the normal setting Required for FEC enabled The radio modem samples input data on the falling edge of the clock waveform NX64A 602 11060 21 R C Installation 2 19 Receiver
53. C 4a Orderwire RJA 01244 Figure C 4b Remote Metering Option uses orderwire port NX64A 602 11060 AA1 R C 14 Appendix EXTE OUTPUT MD115 Figure C 5 Remote EXT ANALOG 4 EXT ANALOG 3 4 EXT ANALOG EXT ANALOG 1 STATUS 4 STATUS 34 o STATUS 2 Figure 6 Remote NX64A 602 11060 AA1 R C 15 Table 1 RS 449 64 Connections 64 5449 chassis gnd Shield rts i Request To Send A cts Clear To Send A dsr o Data Mode A signal gnd Signal Gnd signal gnd Receive Common signal gnd Clear To Send B signal gnd Data Mode B signal gnd Receiver Ready B signal gnd Send Common dcd o 5 D Send Data B D Receive Data B D Receive Data A D Send Timing B D Send Timing A D Receive Timing B D Receive Timing A 5 Terminal Ready D Terminal Timing B D Terminal Timing A NOTES Ozoutput S single ended D differential NX64A 602 11060 1 16 Appendix Table C 2 V 35 NX64A 1 Connections FUNCTION chassis gnd A Frame protective Gnd rts i S C Request To Send cts o O S D Clear To Send dsr o O S E Data Set Ready signal gnd B Signal Gnd
54. Front panel LBK status LED is illuminated red NX64A 602 11060 31 R C 3 28 Operation 3 4 4 3 Remote Unit Test Menu Remote Unit Test Loopback CLEAR LOOPBACK CLEAR ANALOG DIGITAL Allows enabling of the various loopback modes See Figures 2 3 and 2 4 Indicates no loopback is enabled This is the normal operating mode Connects the analog output of the modulator to the analog input of the demodulator This also connects the demodulator output to the modulator input for remote loopback testing Front panel LBK status LED is illuminated red Connects the digital input to the digital output This also connects the digital output to the digital input for remote loopback testing Front panel LBK status LED is illuminated red NX64A 602 11060 31 R C Operation 3 29 3 4 5 Configure Calibrate Menu Limited Access 3 4 5 1 Configuration 3 4 5 1 1 Data Rate Tx Data Rate xxxKbs Ch Spacing xxxxKHz Rx Data Rate xxxKbs Ch Spacing xxxKHz Function senings TX DATA RATE OFF 28 32 56 Sets the data rate for the transmitter 64 112 128 168 modem 192 224 256 336 384 448 512 kbps CH SPACING 25 50 100 200 A tallyback indication of the kHz WIDE transmitter channel spacing Determined by the data rate and IF filter configuration in the system RX DATA RATE SAME OFF 28 Sets the data rate for the receiver 32 56 64 112 modem 128 168 192 224 256 3
55. Manual 3 4 Operation 3 2 Front Panel Operation This section introduces the NX64A front panel LCD display status indicators and cursor buttons The front panel display is shown in Figure 3 1 below Table 3 1 lists the status indicators and their meanings LCD DISPLAY lt N ENTER C LS J J 01152 3 1 Front Panel Display and Controls 3 2 1 LCD Display The Liquid Crystal Display LCD on the 64 front panel provides user interface and status information Potentiometer R501 located within the NX64A on the CPU MODEM board adjusts display contrast The various menu screens relating to the main system menus CONTROL STATUS CONFIGURATION and TEST are explained in detail later in this section NX64A 602 11060 31 R C Operation 3 5 3 2 2 Cursor and Screen Control Buttons Six buttons on the NX64A front panel are used for LCD interface and control functions lt ENTER gt Used to accept an entry such as a value a condition or a menu choice lt ESC gt Used to back up a level in the menu structure without saving any current changes lt UP gt lt DOWN gt Used in most cases to move between the menu items If there is another menu in the sequence when the bottom of a menu is reached the display will a
56. NNECTOR MALE V w 1 P 7 qd LABELING INFO LABELING p Figure B 4 NX64A SDR xx to RAD Kilomux Interface Cable NX64A 602 11060 AA1 R C 7 INDICATES TWISTED PAIR Z SHIELD AALE MALE DB 25 CONNECTOR NX64 i 7 i Figure B 5 NX64 to SPD 703 Interface Cable DCE DCE 230 11113 01 R A NX64A 602 11060 AA1 R C A 8 Appendix 7 N Figure B 6 NX64 to SPD 703 Interface Cable 230 11114 01 R A NX64A 602 11060 AA1 R C 9 GND TX TXD FLT x E 2 B 2 RJ45 m a 2 LBK BER RX
57. OFF XXX XXX XXX XXX LINK TXC INTERNAL XXX OFF XXX EXTERNAL RISING EDGE RECOV CLK FALLING EDGE SLAVE OFF LINK TXC EXTERNAL XXX OFF XXX RECOV CLK RISING EDGE RECOV CLK FALLING EDGE NX64A 602 11060 21 R C Installation 2 25 2 4 4 NX64A to RAD The NX644A interconnection with the Kilomux manufactured by RAD Technologies is detailed in this section Figure 2 13 shows a typical interconnection V 35 The cable schematic can be found in the Appendix The typical clock and configuration settings for the equipment are detailed in Table 2 4 Moseley does not recommend using the Kilomux as the clock source 2 MALE e 0 SUPPLIED NX64A 21189 8 Figure 2 13 NX64A Interconnection to RAD Kilomux NX64A 602 11060 21 R 2 26 Installation Table 2 4 Clock Settings NX64A to Kilomux SOURCE CLOCK NX64A KILOMUX SYSTEM PARAMETER DWLD BW NO ML MODE SINGLE ACTIVE ML AUTO TEST OPTION ML REMOTE LOOP OFF LINK PARAMETER SPEED same data rate as NX6
58. PA is used to switch the transmitter output between radiate and standby modes Final Power Amplifier The final power amplifier is an efficient class C three stage hybrid device that delivers between 6 and 10 watts of RF power The device is convection cooled by the extrusion finned heat sink on which it is mounted The output is low pass filtered reducing the second and higher order harmonics to fall within FCC spectral mask requirements Following the low pass filter a directional coupler is used to determine forward and reflected power sampling for transmitter telemetry The net output power is 5 watts 37 dBm nominal The high power option for the 297 512 MHz band provides 9 watts 40 dBm Transmitters in the 1425 1535 MHz band provide 1 watt 30 dBm NX64A 602 11060 11 R C 1 22 System Characteristics 1 4 3 3 Digital Receiver Module The Moseley Digital Receiver Down Converter Module consists of two cards i RF Down Converter for 300 512MHz 790 960MHz and 1350 1525MHz to 70MHz ii Digital Down Converter and Demodulator that takes a 70MHz signal from the RF card and down reverb filters and FM demodulates the received carrier RF Down Converter ALC Loop Amp ALC Control Diplexer 70 MHz ALC Det RF Input IF Output IF Amp to QAM Demod Synth Level Synth Lock Data u Lo
59. R END of the link TX CLK EXTERNAL TXC RISING or FALLING EDGE system dependent RX CLK RECOVERED or EXTERNAL TXC system dependent RISING or FALLING EDGE system dependent default FAR END of the link TX CLK EXTERNAL TXC RISING or FALLING EDGE system dependent RX CLK RECOVERED or EXTERNAL TXC system dependent RISING or FALLING EDGE system dependent default 2 5 8 2 NX64A Control Settings These settings configure the unit for hot or cold standby and set the receiver for transfer mode NX64A 602 11060 21 R C 2 34 Installation It is important that each NX64A unit in redundant pair is configured identically for proper operation Controls 1 TX CONTROL XFER Configures the unit for HOT or COLD STANDBY operation depending on the setting of TX XFER next line in menu TX XFER select per system requirement HOT Configures the unit for HOT STANDBY operation preferred COLD Configures the unit for COLD STANDBY operation TX STATUS shown in this menu for ease of use RADIATE Indicates the transmitter is ON and radiating OFF Indicates the transmitter is OFF Controls 2 RX XFER ON Receiver is in transfer mode allowing data outputs to be controlled tri state buffers 2 6 Site Installation The installation of the 64 involves several considerations A proper installation is usually preceded by a pre installation site survey of the facilities The purpose of this survey is to f
60. R vs Post FEC BER Discussion The relationship between Frame Error Rate FER and actual Post FEC BER is a function of many parameters However the analysis below is a simple way to see the relationship First it should be noted that for a frame to be in error a minimum total of 10 errors have to occur in 10 separate bytes As an example at least 1 error in each of 10 separate bytes out of the 250 bytes for each frame must be noted Please note that FEC can correct 1 to 8 errors per byte in a maximum of 10 bytes If the radio gives Pre FEC BER of 10 then 1 error 10 bits 10 errors 107 bits 1 frame 250 8 2 000 bits NX64A 602 11060 31 R C Operation 3 17 10 errors occur 10 2000 frames 5 10 frames Thus there is one frame error every 5 10 frames The frame error rate is therefore 2 10 With this in mind the worst case Frame Error Rate could be as bad as 2 10 to correspond to a BER of 10 Of course the probability that the 10 errors out of the 10 bits occurring in one frame is very unlikely The likelihood of this happening is equal to the impulse duty cycle which is probably between 196 and 1096 Thus the real Frame Error Rate is anywhere between 2 10 and 2 10 The actual measurements for Pre FEC BER and Post FEC BER are as follows PRE FEC POST FEC 10 10340107 10 100 10 10 107 to 10 10 10 to 10 107 10 to 107 10 1012 NX64A 602
61. Sensitivity BER Threshold 1 x 10 at Rx Input High Efficiency NX64A Repeater Clock Settings Clock Settings NX64A to SDM T NX64A Source Clock Settings NX64A to SDM T SDM T Source Clock Settings NX64A to Kilomux TP64 Transmitter Master Slave Logic TP64 Receiver Master Slave Logic LED Status Indicator Functions Data Rate vs Channel Spacing Typical Antenna Gain Free Space Loss Transmission Line Loss Branching Losses Typical Received Signal Strength required for BER of 1x10E 3 Relationship Between System Reliability amp Outage Time Fade Margins Required for 99 99 Reliability Terrain Factor of 4 0 and Climate Factor of 0 5 RS 449 NX64A I O Connections V 35 NX64A I O Connections EIA530 Connections RS 232 I O Connections G 703 Connections FEC Switch Settings FEC Switch Settings 602 11060 R C A D ADPCM AES EBU AGC ATM BER Codec CSU D A DAC dB dBc dBm dBu DCE DSP DSTL DTE DVM EMI ESD FEC FET FMO FSK FT1 NX64A Table of Contents ix Glossary Analog to Digital Analog to Digital Converter Adaptive Differential Pulse Code Modulation Audio Engineering Society European Broadcast Union Auto Gain Control Automatic Teller Machine Bit Error Rate Coder Decoder Channel Service Unit Digital to Analog Digital to Analog Converter Decibel Decibel relative to carrier Decibel relative to 1 mW Decibel relative to 775 Vrms Data Circuit Ter
62. Some familiarity with industry terminology is helpful when confronted with timing problems All of the equipment should be synchronized to the same timing source Otherwise data errors can occur The user must determine which unit will provide the system clock When interconnecting and synchronizing various pieces of equipment it is often helpful to ask two simple questions Which piece of equipment is supplying the clock Which piece of equipment is receiving the clock NX64A 602 11060 21 R C 2 14 Installation Figure 2 5 below shows a conceptual diagram of the NX64A modem internal data clock timing The external Composite connections are on the left Note that the demodulator is always synchronized to the recovered data The RX CLK source only affects the output data synchronizer TX DATA IN TX CLOCK OUT TERMINAL TIMING TX CLOCK IN SEND TIMING TO FROM FEC OR COMPOSITE vo RX CLOCK IN RX CLOCK OUT RECEIVE TIMING RX DATA OUT ANTENNA N INTERNAL OSCILLATOR 5 e INPUT DATA MUX gt gt SYNCHRONIZER N TXCLOCK RISING SOURCE FALLING EDGE PANEL RISING j RX CLOCK FALLING SELECTIONS SOURCE EDGE MODULATOR gt TRANSMITTER SYNCHRONIZER Q D OUTPUT DATA 4
63. User Manual NX64A Digital Radio Doc 602 11060 01 R C Released 2000 64 602 11060 01 Revision Configuration SECTION DWG REV RELEASED Table of Contents 602 11060 TOC DCO1081 2000 602 11060 11 DCO1081 May 2000 602 11060 21 DCO1081 May 2000 s c ocos Table of Contents i Table of Contents Table of Contents List of Figures List of Tables Glossary System Characteristics Introduction System Features System Specifications System Transmitter Receiver System Description NX64A Digital Radio Product Structure System Overview Module Subsystem Description CPU Modem Motherboard Transmitter Module Digital Receiver Module Front Panel Power Supply Module Data Interface Cards Duplexers Digital Multiplexer Module Option Remote Option Remote Metering Option FEC Forward Error Correction Option 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 3 1 3 1 3 1 3 1 4 1 4 1 4 1 4 1 4 OWN un A ho S a A A A A OIN 00 0 1 Ilo Ilo L l l l l l l l l l 1 Continued on following page NX64A 602 11060 R C Table of Contents ii sec
64. Val 6 0 Status Status FAULT Fwd Power 100 0 TRANSMITTER MODEM Rx Signal 50 CONFIGURE TX PA Current DATA RATES HIDE TX PA Current Calibr EFFICIENCY ETC Hi Reading 1 50 MODEM MOD DEMOD Lo Reading 0 20 Remote Unit STEP FILT LO FR AGC Calibr Val 1 53 gt BER 1 00E 10 Errors 1 0000 01 TX Reflected Power RX Signal Strength Bits 1 0000 10 Power Calibr Signal Str Calibr Hi Reading 25 0 Hi Reading 60 CLOCK SOURCE CONFIGURE CALIBRATE FACTORY VALUES Lo Reading 1 0 Lo Reading 290 Calibr Val 10 0 Calibr Val 74 Tx Clk INTERNAL OSC Load Fact RISING EDGE eas CALIBRATE Values NO TRANSMITTER TX LO Level RX LO Level Fee L RECOVERED CEK FACTORY VALUES Erase NO TX Calibration TX LO Level Calibr RX LO Level Calibr FWD TX REFL Hi Readi Hi Readi 100 0 i Reading i Reading CONFIGURE DATA RATE 1 AFC TXLO Lo Reading Lo Reading 0 0 gt Calibr i Calibr Val 100 0 COO EURO Tx Data Rate 256Kbs i Ch Spacin 200KHz Rx Dala Rale Samekbs E CALIBRATE RECEIVER RX LO Level RTS CTS DELAY Ch S KH pacing 1 Calibrate RX Calibration RX AFC Calibr i TRANSMITTER Hi Reading RTS CTS DELAY RX SIG Lo Reading 5 5 RXLO RX MDM AFC Calibr Val TEST RTS CTS Delay i This Unit 0 5 L mSec J SYSTEM RX Modem AFC est Battery Calibr RX Modem AFC Calibr Loopback CLEAR Hi Reading 12 0 Hi Reading 2 5
65. actory option determined by operating frequency 2nd IF 10 7 MHz Image Rejection 80 dB minimum Connector Type 50 ohm type N female Demodulation Baseband non coherent discriminator detection Data coherent clock recovery Suitable for FM reception Frequency 0 00025 2 5 ppm 0 to 50 C Stability 1 5 ppm typical 1 0 ppm optional BER Threshold Adjustable 1x10E 3 to 1x10E 8 Mute Adjust for TP64 Transfer Panel applications only NX64A 602 11060 11 R C System Characteristics 1 11 Table 1 2 BER Threshold 1 x 10 at Rx Input High Sensitivity EFF 1 3 Level Modulation DATA RATE 32kbps 64 kbps 128 kbps 256 kbps 384 kbps 512 kbps Rx input dBm 104 101 98 95 93 Contact Channel bandwidth 50 100 200 400 400 factory spacing kHz Notes Preselector loss of 4 dB and duplexer loss of 2 dB not included 1 x 10 provides 3 dB more signal Table 1 3 BER Threshold 1 x 10 at Rx Input High Efficiency EFF 2 7 Level Modulation DATA RATE 32kbps 64 kbps 128 kbps 256 kbps 384 kbps 512 kbps Rx input dBm 96 93 90 87 84 84 Channel bandwidth 25 50 100 200 200 400 spacing kHz Notes Preselector loss of 4 dB and duplexer loss of 2 dB not included 1 x 10 provides 3 dB more signal Threshold less for FCC mask NX64A 602 11060 11 R 1 12 System Characteristics 1 4 System Description 1 4 1 NX64A Digital Radio Product Structure PRODUCT OPTIONS DESCRIPTION NX64A
66. ale V 35 V 35 Interface Kit RAD Male RS 232 RS 232 Interface G 703 G 703 Interface Remote Remote Input Output Interface 1 4 2 System Overview The NX64A Digital Radio Link is a full duplex digital radio modem It has a built in baseband modem interface stage RF pre amplifier and an RF amplifier No external modems are required Each radio requires a duplexer and an antenna Refer to Figure 1 1 for a typical block diagram NX64A radios are characterized by superior spectral efficiency This efficiency is achieved by using state of the art 7 level partial response modulation technique High spectral efficiency allows this family of radios to deliver the maximum utilization of the RF bandwidth Since the use of the radio spectrum is highly regulated and limited in availability it is often very difficult if not impossible to get licensed for a large channel capacity Consequently the smaller the channel capacity required by the radio the greater are the chances for obtaining a license NX64A 602 11060 11 R 1 14 System Characteristics 4 9110 3TMLV10A NON YOLINOW YAMOc 1353 YOLINOW 7 inano 7 lt 5 SOWNY JOYLNOO AVI1dSIG T3Nvd 1 033 3313934
67. amiliarize the customer with the basic requirements needed for the installation to go smoothly The following are some considerations to be addressed refer to Figure 2 17 for Site Installation Details Before taking the NX644A to the installation site verify that the digital interface module installed is compatible with the interface of the equipment to be connected Also locate the information provided by the path analysis which should have been performed prior to ordering the equipment At the installation site particular care should be taken in locating the 64 in an area where it is protected from the weather and as close to the antenna as possible Locate the power source and verify that it is suitable for proper installation NX64A 602 11060 21 R C Installation 2 35 ADAPTER FEMALE YAGI ANTENNA N CONNECTOR MALE i Ne 1 2 HELIAX LINE TOWER Figure 2 17 Site Installation Details 2 6 1 Physical and Environmental Considerations The site selected to house the NX64A should follow conventional microwave practice and should be located as close to the antenna as possible This will reduce the RF transmission
68. antenna used in a particular installation will depend on frequency band and antenna gain requirements These parameters are determined by the path analysis for each installation Mount the antenna onto its mounting structure but do not completely tighten the mounting bolts at this time The antenna will need to be rotated in the horizontal plane during the path aligning process 2 7 2 Transmission Line Installation Run the transmission line in such a manner as to protect it damage Note that heliax transmission line requires special handling to keep it in good condition Particularly it should be unreeled and laid out before running it between locations It cannot be pulled off the reel the same way as electrical wire Protect the line where it must run around sharp edges to avoid damage A kinked line indicates damage so the damaged piece must be removed and a splice installed to couple the pieces together NX64A 602 11060 21 R C Installation 2 39 2 7 3 Testing After running the transmission line and fastening it in place connect the antenna end of the transmission line to the antenna feed line using a short coaxial jumper and a double female barrel adapter Connect the radio end of the transmission line to a wattmeter with appropriate frequency and power rating using the radio feed line and another coaxial jumper see Figure 2 19 Power up the radio Observe forward power and check that reverse power is negligible Turn
69. ation can be performed before expending resources on a more detailed investigation The first order of business for performing a path analysis is to complete a balance sheet of gains and losses of the radio signal as it travels from the transmitter to the receiver Gain refers to an increase in output signal power relative to input signal power while loss refers to signal attenuation or a reduction in power level loss does not refer to total interruption of the signal Both gains and losses are measured in decibels dB and the standard unit of signal power The purpose of completing the balance sheet is to determine the power level of the received signal as it enters the receiver electronics in the absence of multipath and rain fading this is referred to as the unfaded received signal level Once this is known the fade margin of the system can be determined The fade margin is the difference between the unfaded received signal level and the receiver sensitivity the minimum signal level required for proper receiver operation The fade margin is the measure of how much signal attenuation due to multipath and rain fading can be accommodated by the radio system while still achieving a minimum level of performance In other words the fade margin is the safety margin against loss of transmission or transmission outage 5 2 2 Losses Although the atmosphere and terrain over which a radio beam travels have a modifying effect on
70. ck 10MHz TCXO Figure 1 4 RF Down Converter Block Diagram The receiver handles the traditional RF to IF conversion from the carrier to 70 MHz see Figure 1 4 above Considerations are given to image rejection inter modulation performance dynamic range agility and survivability separate loop was assigned to the RF front end to prevent inter modulation and saturation problems associated with reception of high level undesirable interference from RF signals resulting from RF bandwidth that is much wider than the IF bandwidth These problems are tyupically related to difficult radio interference environments that include high power pagers cellular phone sites and vehicle location systems NX64A 602 11060 11 R C System Characteristics 1 23 Digital Down Converter The Digital Down Converter accepts a signal from the RF board at 70 MHz and delivers a baseband output to the CPU modem with RSSI indication Digital Down Converter consists of the following i Input 70 MHz SAW Filter with a 50 dB bandwidth of 1 MHz ii A 80 dB AGC amplifier attenuator assembly that provides 20 DB of attenuation or up to 60 dB of gain A 14 bit high sample rate A D converter sampled at 16 MHz iv A programmable digital down converter assembly that accepts the sub sample at its IF input and demodulates the RM carrier v D As for baseband AGC control and RSSI purposes vi Microprocessor for status control and configuratio
71. cked Rx will mute FLT 7 will display and the RX led will be red FLT 3 may also display Module TP714 TTL High CPU module TP81 1 5 V OR gt 3 5 V CPU module TP114 1 5 V OR gt 3 5 V 7 MUTE Receiver is in a mute condition Rx Module TP7112 TTL Low 8 LOW BATTERY 12 V supply voltage Battery or AC DC converter below 8 Vdc 9 WRONG IF FILTER System data rate IF bandwidth configuration incorrect or IF filter module not recognized 10 BER 001 BER 001 NX64A 602 11060 31 R C Operation 3 13 3 4 2 1 2 This Unit Transmitter Tx Status Tx Status 1 Fwd Power 100 0 Rev Power 1 0 AFC Level 5 9V Tx Status 2 LO Level 100 0 PA Current X XXA Synthesizer LOCK Tx Status 3 Tx Enabled YES Freq xxx xxxxMHz Parameter Rage Nominal Summary _ FWD POWER 0 to 100 100 Forward output RF power sample at the antenna port Indicates relative power transmission quality of the transmitter to the antenna feedlines and duplexer REV ae 30 or less Reverse reflected RF power Antenna connection VSWR Synth lock Freq setting datasheet PWR LO level SYNTHESIZER LOCK LOCK TX synthesizer lock status quo Rr ae TX ENABLED YES The transmitter radiate control is ON and Tallyback indication the transfer panel has relinquished of TP64 radiate control to this NX64A NO The transmitter radiate control has been set to OFF manually or the transfer panel has tog
72. d be prepared using either true earth or 4 3 earth s radius graph paper To obtain a clear path all obstacles in the path of the rays must be cleared by a distance of 0 6 of NX64A 602 11060 51 R C 5 6 System Planning amp Engineering the first Fresnel zone radius Be sure to include recently erected structures such as buildings towers water tanks and so forth that may not appear on the map Draw a straight line on the path profile clearing any obstacle in the path by the distance determined above This line will then indicate the required antenna and or tower height necessary at each end If it is impossible to provide the necessary clearance for a clear path a minimum clearance of 30 feet should be provided Any path with less than 0 6 first Fresnel zone clearance but more than 30 feet can generally be considered a grazing path 5 2 Path Analysis 5 2 1 Overview Path analysis is the means of determining the system performance as a function of the desired path length required equipment configuration prevailing terrain climate and characteristics of the area under consideration The path analysis takes into account these parameters and yields the net system performance referred to as path availability or path reliability Performing a path analysis allows you to specify the antenna sizes required to achieve the required path availability A path analysis is often the first thing done in a feasibility study The general evalu
73. dant backup In this mode both the transmitter and receiver in one unit are ganged together in regards to switchover since they are functionally linked by the internal duplexer A power divider is not required when using internal duplexers See Figure 2 15 for installation details amp ANTENNA 1 TRANSMIT amp NX64 Radio N lt Y CABLE We SUPPLIED a L 19 TRANSFER PANEL 64 25 PIN D SUB MALE ALL D SUB CONNECTION e CABLES MUST BE SHIELDED NX64 Radio B 7 26 FLAT OR ROUND Nene o N NI J 7 01174 Figure 2 15 Internal Duplexer Configuration NX64A 602 11060 21 R C 2 30 Installation 2 5 4 Hot Cold Standby Modes 2 5 4 1 Hot Standby Hot standby leaves both transmitters in the RADIATE ON condition and the TP64 controls the RF relay to select the active transmitter thereby decreasing switchover time This is the preferred operating mode 2 5 4 2 Cold Standby Cold standby can be used in situations where low power consumption is a prio
74. drift rapidly cooling the component with a cryogenic spray may aid in identifying the problem If a soldered component must be replaced do the following NX64A Use a 40W maximum soldering iron with an 1 8 inch maximum tip Do not use a soldering gun Excessive heat can damage components and the printed circuit Surface mount devices are especially heat sensitive and require a lower power soldering iron If you are not experienced with surface mount components we suggest that you do not learn on critical equipment Remove the solder from the component leads and the printed circuit pads Solder wicking braid or a vacuum de solderer are useful for this Gently loosen the component leads and extract the component from the board Form the leads of the replacement component to fit easily into the circuit board pattern Solder each lead of the component to the bottom side of the board using a good brand of rosin core solder We recommend not using water soluble flux particularly in RF portions of the circuit The solder should flow through the hole and form a fillet on both sides Fillets should be smooth and shiny but do not overheat the component trying to obtain this result Trim the leads of the replacement component close to the solder on the pad side of the printed circuit board with a pair of diagonal cutters Completely remove all residual flux with a cotton swab moistened with flux cleaner For long term quality inspect each
75. e 2 14 for installation details 64 Radio N a ANTENNA 8j HICH DUPLEXER M OPTIONALLY MOUNTED ON REAR SHELF OF 7264 A LOW A IN 2 N V gt C xs TRANSFER PANEL TP64 BARREL SUPPLIED FOR THIS CONNECTION RECOMMENDED ve EQUIPMEN 25 PIN D SUB MALE ALL D SUB CONNECTION CABLES MUST SHIELDED Se TRY FLAT or ROUND DUPLEXER INPUTS HIGH AND LOW INDICATE A OPERATING FREQUENCY 221 N A Figure 2 14 External Duplexer Configuration NX64A 602 11060 21 R C Installation 2 29 2 5 3 2 Internal Duplexer The internal duplexer configuration can be used although it is not recommended for these reasons higher RF losses higher system costs and reduced flexibility in redun
76. e NX64A 4 TERMINAL EQUIPMENT TERMINAL EQUIPMENT NX644 NX64 MUX CSU MUX or CSU D Transmit Dota TXDI Transmit Clock OUT TXCI Transmit Clock IN Dato IN Clock BUT RXCI Clock IN 4 RXCH LOCAL LOCAL REMOTE REMOTE MDi239 4 Figure 2 7 NX64A Data Clock Timing Example 1 NX64A 602 11060 21 R 2 16 Installation Figure 2 8 below depicts the local DTE as the master clock source The local DTE can derive its clock internally or alternately can derive its clock from connected sources or network timing The local DTE supplies the transmit clock to the 64 In this diagram the remote DTE should be set to accept the transmit clock from the NX64A and to supply echo a receive clock to the NX64A WV TERMINAL EQUIPMENT NX644 NX64A TERMINAL EQUIPMENT e g MUX or CSU DCE gt DCE Ce g MUX CSU Transmit Data TXDI TXDI Transmit Data Transmit Clock TXCI TXCI Transmit Clock OUT L T IN R IN OU RXCI i R ck OUT Receive Clock IN RXCO Receiv ck IN LOCAL LOCAL REMOTE REMOTE MD1240 A Figure 2 8 NX64A Data Clock Timing Example 2 Figure 2 9 below illustrates some alterna
77. e accurately the first Fresnel zone radius is defined as the perpendicular distance from the direct ray line to the ellipsoidal surface at a given point along the microwave path It is calculated as follows 2280 x f x d a2 feet Where d and d distances in statute miles from a given point on a microwave path to the ends of the path or path segment f frequency in MHz first Fresnel zone radius in feet NX64A 602 11060 51 R C 5 4 System Planning 8 Engineering There are in addition of course the second third fourth etc Fresnel zones and these may be easily computed at the same point along the microwave path by multiplying the first Fresnel zone radius by the square root of the desired Fresnel zone number odd numbered Fresnel zones are additive and all even numbered Fresnel zones are canceling 5 1 4 K Factors The matter of establishing antenna elevations to provide minimum fading would be relatively simple were it not for atmospheric effects The antennas could easily be placed at elevations somewhere between free space loss and first Fresnel zone clearance over the predominant surface or obstruction reflective or not and the transmission would be expected to remain stable Unfortunately the effective terrain clearance changes due to changes in the air dielectric with consequent changes in refractive bending As described earlier the radio beam is almost never a precise
78. e mechanical protection Note that the tape ends should be cut rather than torn A torn end will unravel and work itself loose in the wind 2 6 4 Data Connections The electrical interface between the NX64A and the connected DTE equipment can optionally conform to RS 232 RS 449 V 35 EIA 530 or G 703 specifications RS 232 connections are not recommended because of the higher data rate used Normally the balanced interfaces RS 449 and V 35 can accommodate cable lengths of up to 1500 feet or more Please note that the cables should provide shielded twisted pairs NX64A 602 11060 21 R C Installation 2 37 2 6 5 Rack Mount Installation The NX64 lt A is designed for mounting in standard 19 rack cabinets using the brackets rack ears included with the NX64A The rack ear kit is designed to allow flush mount or telecom mount front extended See Figure 2 18 for bracket installation If the rack will accept chassis rack slides their use is recommended The sides of the NX64A chassis have built in mounting nuts for Chassis Trak C 300 5 1 14 rack slides If slides are used be sure to leave at least a 15 inch service loop in all cables to the equipment and install a stop to prevent the unit from sliding completely through the rack CHASSIS CHASSIS SONS LEFT SIDE SHOWN 7 Use 8 32 x 5 16 Flathead Screws 01258 Figure 2 18 Rack Mount Bracket Installation Brackets may al
79. ed exclusively RX TX only available for backward compatibility NX64A 602 11060 31 Operation 3 31 3 4 5 1 5 Menu Protection Hide Menus Fusion Summary HIDE MENUS YES NO Limited access security mode 3 4 5 2 Calibration Please contact the Factory for information on accessing this section 3 4 5 3 Factory Values Please contact the Factory for information on accessing this section Use of this option will cause the loss of all customer programmed data This returns the unit to factory test values NX64A 602 11060 31 R C 3 32 Operation This page is intentionally blank NX64A 602 11060 31 4 Applications E Introduction Rural Telephone Applications Multichannel Application Private Telecom Application ISDN Application VSAT Tail Circuit Applications Compressed Video Application ATM Network Mobile Public Safety Application NX64A 602 11060 41 R C 4 2 Applications 4 1 Introduction The flexibility and power of the NX64A allows it to be used for numerous applications A brief subset includes Integrated single or multichannel voice fax and data communications Last mile tail circuits for VSAT ISDN Fractional T1 E1 CEPT 1 Compressed video for teleconference and security applications Transmission of high speed graphic data for CAD CAM and interconnection of LANs Cost effective alternative for bank ATM networks and effic
80. el Multiplexer interface cards are available for V 35 RS 449 RS 232 and Voice Telco In addition the trunk connection between the multiplexer and the Communications I O connector to the CPU Modem requires an interface card on the SL9000DM and a matching card on the CPU Modem Set up of the SL9000DM is accomplished through a set up port using an external computer The SL9000DM requires the presence of the backplane at the rear of the card cage to provide power supply connections and bus interconnection between the multiplexer cards Detailed information about the SL9000DM is available in a separate manual NX64A 602 11060 11 R C 1 28 System Characteristics 1 4 3 9 Remote 1 Option The Remote option provides remote control functions The card supplies six relay isolated control outputs four optically isolated status digital inputs and four single ended analog inputs back panel connectors External Output and External Input are located on this board Contact Moseley Associates for more information about the Remote option 1 4 3 10 Remote Metering Option The Remote Metering option allows the user to access the front panel LED status levels through the rear panel ORDERWIRE jack of the NX64A These logic levels can be monitored by a remote control system such as the Moseley MRC 1620LP or MRC 2 Contact Moseley Associates for more information about the Remote Metering option 1 4 3 11 FEC
81. ger multiple of the carrier wavelength and this will be the case when the distance traveled by the reflected signal is longer than the direct path by an odd number multiple of one half wavelength Maximum cancellation will occur when the signals are exactly out of phase or when the phase delay is an odd multiple of one half wavelength which will occur when the reflected waves travel an integer multiple of the carrier wavelength farther than the direct waves Note that the first cancellation maximum on a shallow angle reflective path will occur when the phase delay is one and one half wavelengths caused by a path one wavelength longer than the direct path The direct radio path in the most simple case follows a geometrically straight line from transmitting antenna to receiving antenna However geometry shows that there exist an infinite number of points from which a reflected ray reaching the receiving antenna will be out of phase with the direct rays by exactly one wavelength In ideal conditions these points form an ellipsoid of revolution with the transmitting and receiving antennas at the foci This ellipsoid is defined as the first Fresnel zone Any waves reflected from a surface that coincides with a point on the first Fresnel zone and received by the receiving antenna will be exactly in phase with the direct rays This zone should not be violated by intruding obstructions except by specific design amounts The first Fresnel zone or mor
82. gled it off relinquishing radiate control to the other unit in a standby system FREQ TX carrier frequency See the test data sheet 2 system dependent NX64A 602 11060 31 R C 3 14 Operation 3 4 2 1 3 This Unit Receiver Rx Status Rx Status 1 Rx Signal 60 Level 5 9V LO Level 100 05 Rx Status 2 Synthesizer LOCK Rx Enabled YES Freq 2 Parameter Range NomimalSummay RX SIGNAL 10 to 100 TUR Approximately equal to received signal strength in dBm AFC LEVEL 2 0 to 11 0V 6 0V Auto Freq Control level Synth lock freq setting LO LEVEL to 100 100 Local Oscillator signal level quality SYNTHESIZER LOCK LOCK The synthesizer is phase locked and operating on frequency UNLOCK LO1 is not locked on frequency The receiver will not demodulate the carrier resulting in no RX operation RX ENABLED YES dd The transfer panel has relinquished Tallyback indication receiver operation to this NX64A of TP64 NO The transfer panel has relinquished receiver operation to the other unit in a standby system thereby causing the NX64A to mute FREQ Rx frequency See the test data sheet system dependent NX64A 602 11060 31 R C Operation 3 15 3 4 2 1 4 This Unit Modem Status Modem Status 1 Tx Clock PLL LOCK Rx Modem AFC 2 5 Demod 114 Modem Status 2 FER FEC 1 00E 10 4 FrErrs 1 0000 01 Frames 1 0000 10 TX INE PLL LOCK
83. gure 4 7 Nx64 Radio Modem MD1168 A NX64A 602 11060 41 R C 4 9 4 9 Mobile Public Safety Application Public safety organizations typically use an assortment of mobile base stations to maintain extended range two way communication system for emergency public safety requirements These networks are interconnected by single channel analog VHF UHF links Due to limitations of analog transmissions severe degradation of both audio and data transmission occurs even in the smallest of these networks With the NX64A digital regeneration allows for an unlimited number of repeaters In addition it is possible to drop and insert channels at various locations for trunking and simulcast applications This application can be seen in Figure 4 8 below Mobile Radio 34 Mobile ase Station s Station s Caz Digital Coz 2 Coz Digital Coz Multiplexer Multiplexer N x 64 Radio Modem Nx 64 Radio Modem Nx 64 Radio Modem N x 64 Radio Modem To Network MOBILE PUBLIC SAFETY APPLICATION Control Center MD1176 A Figure 4 8 NX64A 602 11060 41 R C Section 5 System Planning amp Engineering ooms JR Introduction Line of Sight Refraction Fresnel Zones K Factors Path Profiles Path Analysis Overview L
84. hidden menus are shown in the menu structure although these functions are normally accessed only for troubleshooting or repair At power up or reset the following main menu appears NX 64 FEC vX XX Main Menu CONTROLS CONFIGURE STATUS TEST In the upper right corner vX XX indicates the current version of the software resident in the processor memory The asterisk shows the cursor location NX64A 602 11060 31 Operation 3 7 Relay Controls Relay Controls Relay 1 ON Relay 4 ON Relay 2 ON Relay 5 ON Relay 3 OFF Relay 6 OFF CONTROLS Active only Controls 1 Controls 2 with remote Controls 3 Power Control Fig ure 3 2 Transfer DIS Tx Auto Shutdown OFF viu ATO ROWER ADJUST Auto Ad TxT f DISABLED to Adjust OFF T Status RADIATE Rx Transfer ON MAP LEDS TO RELAYS NX64A M EN U STR U CTU R E Status LEDs Map to Relays MODEM Modem Status 1 Modem Status 2 Modem Status 3 Modem Status 4 Tx Clock PLL LOCK FER FEC 1 00E 10 BER 1 00E 10 LL p PFECMInBER 1 00 10 Rx Modem AFC 25V FrErrs 1 0000 00 Errors 1 0000 00 FEC Sync LOCK Demod AGC 114 Frames 1 0000 00 Bits 1 0000E 00 FEC Vers 1 XXXX TRANSMITTER Tx Status 1 Tx Status 2 Tx Status 3 Fwd Pwr 100 0 LO Level 100 0 Rev Pwr 10 0 PA Current 1 50 Tx Enabled YES DATA RATES AFC Level 6 0V Synthesizer LOCK Freq 935
85. his may be required to solve system ground loop problems only possible for positive DC supply installations Internal fuse refer to the power supply module PC board legend for proper fuse ratings NX64A 602 11060 21 R C Installation 2 7 2 3 1 Warnings Before applying power to the NX64A please be aware of the following WARNING HF radiation may be dangerous above certain exposure levels NEVER stand in front of the antenna when the transmitter is radiating CAUTION An antenna or dummy load MUST be connected to the transmitter if power is applied to the unit and the transmitter is enabled Failure to observe this precaution can damage the power amplifier of the transmitter DO NOT connect the transmitter power output antenna port to the receiver input This WILL destroy the receiver When a duplexer is used DO NOT set the transmitter to a frequency which is different than that marked on the duplexer Failure to observe this precaution can damage the power amplifier of the transmitter NX64A 602 11060 21 R C 2 8 Installation 2 3 2 Loopback Tests Loopback tests enable the user to easily determine the operational status of the NX64A There are two types of internal loopback modes analog and digital and two types of external loopback modes RF and hardwire The diagrams in Figure 2 3 Local Loopback Test Setup and Figure 2 4 Remote Loopback Test Setup provide a conceptual block diagram of the loopback conf
86. ic section of a module Then compare actual wave shapes and voltage levels in your circuit with any shown on the block and level diagrams or schematics These will sometimes allow the problem to be traced to a component Spare Parts Kits Spare parts kits are available for all Moseley Associates products We encourage the purchase of the appropriate kits to allow self sufficiency with regard to parts Information about spares kits for your product may be obtained from our sales department or technical service department Module Exchange When it is impossible or impractical to trace a problem to the component level replacing an entire module or subassembly may be a more expedient way to correct the problem Replacement modules are normally available at Moseley Associates for immediate shipment Arrange delivery of a module with our technical services representative If the shipment is to be held at your local airport with a telephone number to call please provide an alternate number as well This can prevent unnecessary delays NX64A 602 11060 61 R C 6 5 Field Repair Techniques If an integrated circuit is suspect carefully remove the original and install the new one observing polarity Installing an IC backward may damage not only the component itself but the surrounding circuitry as well IC s occasionally exhibit temperature sensitive characteristics If a device operates intermittently or appears to
87. ient point of sale mediums Rural radio extensions for single and multichannel access systems High speed SCADA point to point and point to multipoint networks Typical end users for the NX64A would be in the following industries Utilities and Oil amp Gas pipelines Banks VSAT based networks National PTT Private Telecom operators Public safety organizations This section briefly outlines some of the more frequently used applications NX64A 602 11060 41 R C 4 3 4 2 Rural Telephone Applications When used with an appropriate low capacity digital multiplexer or an integral digital multiplexer the NX64A can be used for extension of central office lines to remote subscribers or central office lines to remote local exchanges The multirate capability of the NX64A permits higher throughput as traffic demand increases This application can be seen in Figure 4 1 below Trunk System Main Exchange gt 64 Radio Modem 64 Radio Modem RURAL TELEPHONE APPLICATIONS 100 Local Lines MD1170 A Figure 4 1 NX64A 602 11060 41 R C 4 4 Applications 4 3 Multichannel Application Voice fax and high speed data can be transmitted between two locations by use of a low capacity digital multiplexer and the NX64A digital radio High speed digital connectivity allows for PABX tie trunks hot circuits packet switching video conferencing
88. igital Data Interface Orderwire Front Panel Interface Power Supply Standby Transfer Panel Interface Remote Interface NMS Control Central Processing Unit The microprocessor in conjunction with the FPGA logic acts as the central controller for the radio In addition to the microprocessor itself the central controller consists of the following NX64A Reset Power Monitor Parallel I O controller Asynchronous serial controller Address decoding and latching Real Time Clock EEPROM Nonvolatile RAM and ROM for program and user setup memory requirements LED drivers for the front panel 602 11060 11 R C 1 18 System Characteristics Digital Modulator The digital modulator consists of scrambler precoder and partial response filter The modulator converts the incoming data into a shaped multilevel spectrally efficient signal using seven level partial response filtering The scrambler prevents creation of discrete spectral components The precoder prevents the propagating of errors in the detection of the data at the receiver demodulator The shaping filter produces the multilevel signal and simultaneously band limits its spectrum A novel technique is used to implement the precoder and the shaping filter in the digital domain A D A converter is used to generate the signal that will FM modulate the transmitter Digital Demodulator The digital demodulator consists of an active lowpass filter an A D converter and a m
89. igurations The front panel status indicator marked LBK will illuminate during loopback tests Digital Loopback Digital Loopback connects the digital input to the digital output of the 64 This loopback is bilateral and also connects the digital output to the digital input for remote loopback tests The loopback connection is performed at the modem and is switched in software use the TEST menu screen see section 3 4 4 Analog Loopback Analog Loopback connects the analog output of the modulator to the analog input of the demodulator The loopback connection is performed at the modem and is switched in software use the TEST menu screen see section 3 4 4 RF Loopback external RF Loopback requires a turnaround box that translates the transmitter carrier frequency to the frequency of the receiver at a much lower power level This test will check all the subsystems of the NX64A digital radio modem Hardwire Loopback external Hardwire Loopback utilizes a special connector at the Composite I O port that loops the data back into the NX64A unit It is nearly identical to the internal digital loopback above but this will test the data interface card in a remote loopback test NX64A 602 11060 21 R C Installation 2 9 2 3 2 1 Local Loopback Testing Local Loopback testing is a simple method of verifying the performance of a single NX64A unit Refer to Figure 2 3 Local Loopback Test Setup for more information Digital
90. ion ATM Network Mobile Public Safety Application BER versus Co Channel Interference BER versus Adjacent Channel Interference Interference for 10E 4 BER Co Channel and Adjacent Channels BER versus SNR at Receiver Output 1 24 2 4 2 5 2 10 2 12 2 14 2 15 2 15 2 16 2 16 2 17 2 22 2 23 2 25 2 28 2 29 2 30 2 35 2 97 2 40 3 4 37 4 3 4 4 4 5 4 6 4 6 4 7 4 8 4 9 5 14 5 15 5 16 5 17 Continued on following page 602 11060 TC1 R C Table of Contents ORO 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 C 3 C 4 4 5 6 List of Figures continued SNR versus Signal Level RSSI versus Signal Level Spectral Occupancy High Sensitivity Mode High Efficiency Mode Narrow Bandwidth Mode Loopback Test Connectors NX64A SDR xx to V 35 Interface Cable NX64A to RS 449 Cable Null Composite Cable NX64A SDR xx to RAD Kilomux Interface Cable NX64 to SPD 703 Interface Cable DCE DCE NX64 to SPD 703 Interface Cable DCE DTE Remote Metering Option Terminal Block G 703 Adaptor Composite STBY XFER NMS Port Orderwire Remote Metering Option External Output External Input NX64A 602 11060 R C 5 ON 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 5 5 5 5 NX64A Table of Contents viii List of Tables Occupied Bandwidth BER Threshold 1 x 10 at Rx Input High
91. ired at all times RECEIVER INPUT OR DUPLEXER ANTENNA PORT Internal duplexer duplexer antenna port type N combined transmitter and receiver antenna connection or RF dummy load required at all times External duplexer receiver input port type N 10 mW 10 dBm maximum input level COMPOSITE DATA PORT 25 pin D female Primary data bit stream input output port factory configured for V 35 RS 449 RS 232 EIA 530 and G 703 interfaces NETWORK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM PORT 9 pin D male NMS option STANDBY TRANSFER PANEL INTERCONNECT 9 pin D female Connect to TP64 transfer panel for standby unit interface EXTERNAL INPUT 15 pin D female Remote option card input status lines EXTERNAL OUTPUT 37 pin D female Remote l O option card output control lines ORDER WIRE RJ45 Order wire option remote metering interface option CPU RESET BUTTON Hard boot of system CPU CHASSIS GROUND CONNECTION Screw Terminal AC LINE INPUT IEC Standard 90 260 VAC 47 63 Hz 45 watts minimum internal fuse refer to the power supply module PC board legend for proper fuse ratings 12V LED Indicates main supply operation green indicates normal operating condition 5V LED Reserved for other Moseley products DC INPUT Input voltage as indicated on panel All units are shipped with an isolated ground input An internal jumper is provided in the power supply module to provide a common chassis connection negative ground T
92. ith 9W Tx output 60W with 9W Tx and 1 SL9000DM module 65W with 9W Tx and 2 SL9000DM modules AC Input Module Universal AC 90 260 47 63 Hz DC Input Modules 12 VDC 10 20 VDC 24 VDC 18 36 VDC 48 VDC 36 72 VDC Isolated chassis gnd standard switchable to common Orderwire 2 Wire 4 Wire Tel Line level Option Line levels Tx 16 dBm Rx 7 dBm E amp M signaling NX64A 602 11060 11 R C System Characteristics 1 9 1 3 1 System Continued Remote Metering Allows remote access to front panel LED indications Option TTL compatible outputs unbuffered RJ45 rear panel Orderwire connector Coding Reed Solomon 10 Auxiliary Data Async RS 232 Start Stop 8 data WP 300 600 4800 Interface V 35 RS 499 Forward Error Correction Option 1 3 2 Transmitter Power Out Standard 5 Watts 37 297 512 790 960 MHz 1 Watt 30 dBm 1425 1535 MHz 20 dBm 2300 2500 MHz Option 9 Watts 40 297 512 MHz Connector Type 50 Ohms type N female Frequency 0 00025 2 5 ppm 0 to 50 C Stability 1 5 ppm typical 1 0 ppm optional TX output 60 dBc Post duplexer 70 dBc Type of Continuous phase digital modulator Modulation Suitable for use over non linear amplifier Suitable for FM analog transmission NX64A 602 11060 11 R C 1 10 System Characteristics 1 3 3 Receiver Type of Receiver Dual conversion superheterodyne 1st IF 70 MHz nominal 69 3 MHz f
93. ltages 1 4 3 6 Data Interface Cards The data interface cards or digital drivers provide level translation compatibility for various industry standards Currently the supported standards are V 35 5 449 RS 232 530 and V 36 G 703 for 64 128 kbps only The SL9000DM Digital Multiplexer option supports V 35 RS 449 RS 232 and Voice Telco Two types of data interface cards are used by the NX64A One plugs into the CPU Modem providing the digital interface for the composite I O The other type of driver cards are used with the SL9000DM Digital Multiplexer option to interface with the data channels Each channel uses a separate interface card An additional card establishes the trunk interface The appropriate cables are provided which configure the NX64A as a DCE Gender mismatches may occur if equipment manufacturers interpret the standards differently Contact customer service in this event NX64A 602 11060 11 R C System Characteristics 1 27 1 4 3 7 Duplexers In full duplex radios with a common antenna a duplexer provides the necessary isolation between transmit and receive frequencies Duplexers supplied with NX64A radios provide at least 65 dB isolation The duplexer used with the NX64A is a three port filter device that separates TX and RX carrier signals and routes them to the appropriate system modules The duplexer is a combination high pass and low pass pair The response is optimized for low insertion loss
94. ly straight line Under a given set of meteorological conditions the microwave ray may be represented conveniently by a straight line instead of a curved line if the ray is drawn on a fictitious earth representation of radius K times that of earth s actual radius The K factor in propagation is thus the ratio of effective earth radius to actual earth radius The K factor depends on the rate of change of refractive index with height and is given as 157 157 dN dh Where N is the radio refractivity of air is the gradient of per kilometer The radio refractivity of air for frequencies up to 30 GHz is given as N 77 6P T 3 73 x 10 Where total atmospheric pressure in millibars T absolute temperature in degrees Kelvin e partial pressure of water vapor in millibars The P T term is frequently referred to as the dry term and the term as the wet term NX64A 602 11060 51 R C System Planning 8 Engineering 5 5 K factors of 1 are equivalent to no ray bending while K factors above 1 are equivalent to ray bending away from the earth s surface and K factors below 1 earth bulging are equivalent to ray bending towards the earth s surface The amount of earth bulge at a given point along the path is given by h Where h earth bulge in feet from the flat earth reference d distance in miles statute from a given end of the microwave path to an arbi
95. mergency consultation is available through the same telephone number from 5 00 p m to 10 00 p m Pacific time Monday to Friday and from 8 00 a m to 10 00 p m Pacific time on weekends and holidays Please do not call during these hours unless you have an emergency with installed equipment Our representative will not be able to take orders for parts provide order status information or assist with installation problems NX64A 602 11060 61 R C 6 3 6 3 Factory Service Arrangements for factory service should be made only with a Moseley technical service representative You will be given a Return Authorization RA number This number will expedite the routing of your equipment directly to the service department Do not send any equipment to Moseley Associates without an RA number When returning equipment for troubleshooting and repair include a detailed description of the symptoms experienced in the field as well as any other information that well help us fix the problem and get the equipment back to you as fast as possible Include your RA number inside the carton If you are shipping a complete chassis all modules should be tied down or secured as they were originally received On some Moseley Associates equipment printing on the underside or topside of the chassis will indicate where shipping screws should be installed and secured Ship equipment in its original packing if possible If you are shippi
96. minating Equipment Digital Signal Processing Digital Studio Transmitter Link Data Terminal Equipment Digital Voltmeter Electromagnetic Interference Electrostatic Discharge Electrostatic Damage Forward Error Correction Field effect transistor Frequency Modulation Oscillator Frequency Shift Keying Fractional T1 Integrated circuit International Electrotechnical Commission Intermediate frequency Integrated Services Digital Network Kilobits per second Kilohertz 602 11060 R C LO LO1 LSB MAI Mbps Modem MSB MUX uV NC NMS NO PCB PCM PGM RF RSL RSSI RX SCADA SNR SRD STL THD TTL TX Vp Vpp VRMS VSWR NX64A Light emitting diode Local oscillator first local oscillator Least significant bit Moseley Associates Inc Megabits per second Modulator demodulator Most significant bit Multiplex Multiplexer Microvolts Normally closed Network Management System Normally open Printed circuit board Pulse Code Modulation Program Transmission Rate Radio Frequency Received Signal Level in dBm Received Signal Strength Indicator Indication Receiver Security Control and Data Acquisition Signal to Noise Ratio Step Recovery Diode Studio Transmitter Link Total harmonic distortion Transistor transistor logic Transmitter Volts peak Volts peak to peak Volts root mean square Voltage standing wave ratio 602 11060 R C Table of Contents x Section 1 System
97. n purposes Moseley From i Programmable RF Board Filter Digital Down Converter I RSSI Manual IF Filter Status Processor IF Filter Select Figure 1 5 Digital Down Converter Block Diagram The down converter accepts input from the CPU modem to select either a 25 50 100 200 or 400 MHz filter within the down converter chip This eliminates the need for external analog crystal filters Each radio can now be run with any of the IF filters All CPU function menus remain the same as for the older analog filter radios Programmable Down Converter The Moseley Programmable Down Converter PDC is an agile digital tuner designed to meet the requirements of a wide variety of communication industry standards The PDC contains the processing functions needed to convert sampled IF signals to baseband digital samples These functions include LO generation mixing decimation filtering programmable FIR shaping bandlimiting filtering re sampling AGC frequency discrimination and detection A top level functional block diagram of the Moseley PDC is shown below This diagram shows the major blocks and multiplexers used to reconfigure the data path for various architectures NX64A 602 11060 11 R C 1 24 System Characteristics ACC GEL TO OUTPUT FORWATTER ADGCOUT PROCCLK AMD MICAOOPROCESSOR 4 4 1 T c W a
98. n strap must be removed before operation and reinstalled before shipping When re installing the strap for shipment be sure it is secure but not so tight that it causes damage CAUTION It is extremely important that you remove the receiver shipping strap prior to operation The receiver will not perform properly with the strap in place NX64A 602 11060 21 R C 2 4 Installation Take inventory of the complete package to ensure that all necessary parts present A quick review of your pre installation site survey form purchase order and shipping list should reveal any discrepancies PRIOR TO OPERATION INSTALLATION 1 REMOVE TOP COVER 2 REMOVE SHIPPING STRAP FRO USE WIRE CUTTER 3 REPLACE TOP COVER JL JL TL JL JL TL JL IL UA M T 4 H HE 000000 0000000 0000000 000000 0000000 100000001 1000000 0000000 0000000 1000000 100000001 DOODOOF 000000 0000000 000000 1000000 0000000 0000000 1000000 0000000 0000000 000000 0000000 100000001 000000 10000000 0000000 1000000 0000000 0000000 28 E E E
99. ng a subassembly please pack it generously to survive shipping Make sure the carton is packed fully and evenly without voids to prevent shifting Seal it with appropriate shipping tape or nylon reinforced tape Mark the outside of the carton Electronic Equipment Fragile in large red letters Note the RA number clearly on the carton or on the shipping label and make sure the name of your company is listed on the shipping label Insure your shipment appropriately All equipment must be shipped prepaid The survival of your equipment depends on the care you take in shipping it Address shipments to MOSELEY ASSOCIATES INC Attn Technical Services Department 111 Castilian Drive Santa Barbara CA 93117 Moseley Associates Inc will return the equipment prepaid under Warranty and Service Agreement conditions and either freight collect or billed for equipment not covered by Warranty or a Service Agreement NX64A 602 11060 61 R C 6 4 Customer Service 6 4 Field Repair Some Moseley Associates equipment will have stickers covering certain potentiometers varicaps screws and so forth Please contact Moseley Associates technical service department before breaking these stickers Breaking a tamperproof sticker may void your warranty When working with Moseley s electronic circuits work on a grounded antistatic surface wear a ground strap and use industry standard ESD control Try to isolate a problem to a module or to a specif
100. on offices all in the digital domain When used with an appropriate multiplexer up to eight voice and data circuits can be dedicated for local distribution offices The ability of the NX64A to transmit voice and data without the use of expensive modems enables transmission of up to 512 kbps and direct connection to Switch 56 Fractional T1 E1 CEPT 1 and basic rate ISDN equipment PRIVATE TELECOM OPERATORS UTILITIES BACKBONE 30 120 480 CHANNELS 2 8 34 MBITS SPUR LINKS 2 12 CHANNELS 32 512 KBPS MD1171 A Figure 4 3 NX64A 602 11060 41 R C 4 6 Applications 4 5 ISDN Application The NX64A can be used for extending basic rate ISDN from either a digital network or a microwave bearer circuit Wireless loops can be set up using the NX64A This application can be seen in Figure 4 4 below ISDN Network ISDN Terminal N x 64 Radio Modem N x 64 Radio Modem ISDN APPLICATION T Figure 4 4 4 6 VSAT Tail Circuit Applications The NX64A can be used to extend the range of VSAT terminals by extending the 56 64 kbps data stream from the local transmitter location to distances up to 35 miles 55 kilometers This application can be seen in Figure 4 5 below SATELLITE MAIN HUB VSAT TX RX LAST MILE VSAT HOP VSAT TAIL CIRCUIT APPLICATIONS Ex 64 Radio Modem MD1173 A Digital Network Figure 4 5 NX6
101. on regardless of RADIO B s status If RADIO A fails the TP64 will switch to RADIO B assuming that RADIO B is good If RADIO A then returns to a good condition the TP64 will switch back to RADIO A the default Master Manual Switchover to B Master Logic The front panel switch on the TP64 can be used to manually force the system to a new Master By pressing the RADIO B button RADIO B now becomes the Master and the TP64 will switchover to RADIO B assuming that RADIO B is good The default A Master Logic will then switch to B Master Logic as outlined in Tables 2 5 and 2 6 NX64A 602 11060 21 R C Installation 2 33 Note Manual switching of the Master is often used to force the system over to standby unit The user may want to put more time on the standby unit after an extended period of service In Hot Standby configurations this will not buy the user anything in terms of reliability In a Cold Standby the burn time is more significant since the RF power amplifier device operating life becomes a factor 2 5 8 Software Settings The full array of available settings for the Control and Configuration menus are located in Section 3 of the NX64A User Manual Shown here are the applicable settings for redundant standby systems 2 5 8 1 64 Clock Settings For proper operation the clock settings located in the Configuration Menu Clock Source TX CIk Menu must be set as follows NEA
102. oot Then for mechanical protection over the sealed layer completely wrap the connection again with Scotch 88 or equivalent When properly done this procedure will keep water out of the connectors and will help keep your system operational Tape ends must be cut rather than torn a torn end will unravel and work loose in the wind Use plenty of tape for cheap insurance against water penetration and the premature cost of replacing the transmission line After assuring that the NX64A is properly mounted attach the transmission line to the N connector labeled ANTENNA on the rear of the NX64A Tighten the connector by hand until it is tight Connect the short RS 449 or V 35 conversion cable to the 25 pin NX64A 602 11060 21 R C Installation 2 41 connector the rear of the 64 marked COMPOSITE Screw this connector firmly in place Connect the cable coming from the DTE to the other end of the conversion cable Note that the DTE cable must be configured to interconnect to the NX64A which is a DCE device If the attached device is also a DCE device such as the SDM T a proper crossover cable must be used Power may now be applied to the NX64A 2 8 Link Alignment This is very important because if the antennas are not aimed accurately at each other the system may not operate At initial installation attempt to determine rough points by map and compass After installation align the antennas accurately by accessing the Rx Sta
103. or Climate Factor Annual Outage NX64A 602 11060 51 R C 5 14 System Planning amp Engineering 5 3 Additional Technical Information 5 3 1 BER versus Co Channel Interference The plot in figure 5 1 below shows the radio performance with a co channel interfering signal The data is for the high spectral efficiency mode For the high sensitivity mode the required carrier to interference ratio is about 6 dB less These measurements were made with an identical digital modulated carrier as the interference signal Different results will be obtained for either an unmodulated carrier or an analog modulated signal 0 00001 0 000001 0 0000001 15 19 21 23 25 27 29 Carrier to Interference Ratio DB Figure 5 1 BER versus Co Channel Interference High Efficiency EFF2 7 Level Modulation NX64A 602 11060 51 R C System Planning amp Engineering 5 15 5 3 2 BER versus Adjacent Channel Interference Figure 5 2 below shows the effects of an adjacent channel interfering signal on the bit error rate The interfering signal is an identical digitally modulated signal Different results will be obtained for an unmodulated carrier or an analog modulated signal These measurements are for the high efficiency mode The high sensitivity mode will show somewhat higher rejection The values are a function of the bandwidth of the crystal filter in the IF For these measurements a 50 kHz filte
104. osses Path Balance Sheet System Calculations Path Availability and Reliability Methods of Improving Reliability Availability Requirements Path Calculation Balance Sheet Additional Technical Information NX64A 602 11060 51 R C BER versus Co Channel Interference BER versus Adjacent Channel Interference Interference for 10 4 BER Co Channel and Adjacent Channels BER versus SNR at Receiver Output SNR versus Signal Level RSSI versus Signal Level Spectral Occupancy 5 2 System Planning amp Engineering 5 1 Introduction 5 1 1 Line of Sight For the proposed installation sites one of the most important immediate tasks is to determine whether line of sight is available The easiest way to determine line of sight is simply to visit one of the proposed antenna locations and look to see that the path to the opposite location is clear of obstructions For short distances this may be done easily with the naked eye while sighting over longer distances may require the use of binoculars If locating the opposing site is difficult you may want to try using a mirror strobe light flag weather balloon or compass with prior knowledge of site coordinates 5 1 2 Refraction Because the path of a radio beam is often referred to as line of sight it is often thought of as a straight line in space from transmitting to receiving antenna The fact that it is neither a line nor is the path straight leads to the rather involved explana
105. ower 12 15 VDC is supplied by the shielded DB9 m f cable from both radios and therefore requires no external power connection The Main and Standby radio supplies are summed internally in the TP64 so that if power from one radio fails power to the TP64 will not be interrupted Turn on the internal supply of the TP64 by switching the rear panel power switch up This supplies the internal electronics of the TP64 This switch should be left ON all the time Optionally a wall mount AC DC power converter may be used for added back up The converter may also be useful for testing and troubleshooting If you require an AC power converter contact Moseley Specify 115 Volt or 230 Volt when ordering DC DC converters may also be used contact Moseley for availability NX64A 602 11060 21 2 28 Installation 2 5 3 Equipment Interconnection NX64A 2 5 3 1 External Duplexer preferred The usual standby configuration uses an external duplexer This minimizes RF losses and provides independent TX and RX module switching A duplexer should already be mounted on the TP64 chassis Alternatively rack mounted duplexers typical for tighter channel spacings may be provided The connections are the same although the physical location is different A power divider used to split the signal equally to two receivers is required in this mode The input to the power divider connects directly to the duplexer with an N N male adapter See Figur
106. r was used 0 00001 0 000001 12 13 14 15 16 17 Interferer to Carrier Ratio dB Figure 5 2 BER versus Adjacent Channel Interference High Efficiency EFF2 7 Level Modulation 50 kHz IF Filter NX64A 602 11060 51 R C 5 16 System Planning amp Engineering 5 3 3 Interference for 10 4 BER Co Channel and Adjacent Channels Figure 5 3 below indicates the level of interfering signal necessary to lower the bit error rate to 1x10E 4 The lowest curve is the co channel interference level This scales with input level and is about 28 dB lower than the desired signal This number is set by the requirements for decoding a seven level partial response signal and is not directly a measure of the radio characteristics The middle line is the interfering signal level necessary for an adjacent channel signal This is a measure of the rejection of the crystal filter Since the value is proportional to the desired signal level it indicates that there is no saturation taking place The top two curves are for second and third adjacent channels At 20 dBm input there is some compression in a receiver stage so the values for these two separations are the same For larger separations the limiting value approaches 10 dBm the value where the preamp saturates This value is maintained until sufficient separation is obtained to allow further attenuation by the front end preselector filter
107. ration incorrect or IF filter module not recognized 10 BER gt 001 BER gt 001 NX64A 602 11060 31 Operation 3 21 3 4 2 2 2 Remote Unit Transmitter Tx Status Remote Unit i Status Fwd Power 100 0 Rx Signal 50 Parameter Range Nominal Summary FWD POWER 0 to 100 100 Forward output RF power sample Rx Signal 10 to 100 ds Approximately equal to received signal strength in dBm 2 system dependent 3 4 2 2 3 Remote Unit Modem Status Modem Status 3 BER 1 00E 10 Errors 1 0000E 01 Bits 1 0000E 10 Parameter Range Nominal Summary BER Raw BER pre FEC indication since reset Pre FEC Bit Error The values are cleared and a new Rate summation started when lt ENTER gt is pressed At the lower data rates it may take considerable time to accumulate enough errors for a significant reading Errors 049021 Actual error count since reset Bits Actual bit count since reset system dependent NX64A 602 11060 31 3 22 Operation 3 4 3 Configuration Menu 3 4 3 1 Clock Source TX CLK PHASE function heading not shown on Screen RX CLK PHASE function heading not shown on Tx 1 OSC RISING EDGE Rx Clk RECOVERED CLK INTERNAL OSC EXTERNAL TXC RECOVERED CLK EXTERNAL RXC RISING EDGE FALLING EDGE INTERNAL OSC EXTERNAL TXC RECOVERED CLK EXTERNAL RXC RISING EDGE FALLING EDGE FALLING EDGE All transmit
108. recorded in this test and proper connection and operation of the BERT test has been verified call customer service for further instructions NX DIGITAL RADIO 20watt 50 ohm TERMINATION MODULATOR TX DATA MODULATION D A TRANSMITTER 5 P 7 S 2 DIGITAL ANALOG ANALOG DUPLEXER ANTENNA AC D en LOOPBACK LOORBACK 32 S SE OPTIONAL v pons RX RX DATA A D RECEIVER BASEBAND DEMODULATOR 01179 N Figure 2 3 Local Loopback Test Setup NX64A 602 11060 21 R C Installation 2 11 2 3 2 2 Remote Loopback End to End Testing Remote Loopback testing is a method of verifying the performance of a link two or more units In this test the remote radio performs the loopback function therefore returning data through to the local unit Proper operation of the local unit should be verified prior to performing this test These tests can be performed on the bench before installation or across an actual link after installation Refer to Figure 2 4 Remote Loopback Test Setup for more information Digital Loopback can
109. rity In this mode the TP64 will control the RADIATE function of each transmitter turning the RF output ON in tandem with the RF relay as required for switching This will increase switching time and a corresponding increase in data loss during the switchover 2 5 5 NX64A Receiver Operation The two receivers any NX64A standby configuration are always ON i e receiving The operational difference between a redundant standby and a standalone unit is in how the output data is switched The data and clock lines are physically wired together through the shielded ribbon cable connected to the NX64A composite I O ports The TP64 instructs the standby receiver to turn off or tri state its data and clock outputs so that there is no collision with the active receiver This function is activated by the RX XFER setting in the menus 2 5 6 TP64 Front Panel Controls and Indicators RADIO TRANSFER RADIO B MD1234 A Figure 2 16 TP64 Front Panel NX64A 602 11060 21 R C Installation 2 31 2 5 6 1 LED Indicators Green The indicated module is active and that the module is performing within its specified limits Yellow The indicated module is in standby mode ready and able for back up transfer Red There is a fault with the corresponding module It is not ready for backup and the TP64 will not transfer to that module 2 5 6
110. rnal multiplexer module installed NX64A 602 11060 11 R C System Characteristics 1 5 Security The radio frequency modulation coding and scrambler circuits in the NX64A make casual interception difficult Wireline and standard analog FM radios are much more susceptible to tapping Quick Payback Built in orderwire alarm and control system low power consumption and reduced antenna and transmission line costs will in themselves pay for the NX64A Use of the SL9000DM multiplexer module can eliminate the need for an expensive separate multiplexer The modem and direct data connection savings are more application specific The 64 is easy to install and does not require specialized equipment or skills Applications Integrated single or multichannel voice fax and data communications Last mile tail circuits for VSAT ISDN Fractional T1 E1 CEPT 1 Compressed video for teleconference and security applications Transmission of high speed graphic data for CAD CAM and interconnection of LANs Cost effective alternative for bank ATM networks and efficient point of sale mediums Rural radio extensions for single and multichannel access systems High speed SCADA point to point and point to multipoint networks Typical End Users Utilities and Oil amp Gas pipelines e Banks networks National PTT Private Telecom operators Public safety organizations NX64A 602 11060 11
111. roduction Line of Sight Refraction Fresnel Zones K Factors Path Profiles Path Analysis Overview Losses Path Balance Sheet System Calculations Path Availability and Reliability Methods of Improving Reliability Availability Requirements Path Calculation Balance Sheet Additional Technical Information BER versus Co Channel Interference BER versus Adjacent Channel Interference Interference for 10E 4 BER Co Channel and Adjacent Channels BER versus SNR at Receiver Output SNR versus Signal Level RSSI versus Signal Level Spectral Occupancy Continued on following page 602 11060 R Table of Contents section Contents continued Customer Service Introduction Technical Consultation Factory Service Field Repair Appendix Test Connector Schematics Figure A 1 Loopback Test Connectors Interface Cables Schematics Figure B 1 NX64A SDR xx to V 35 Interface Cable Figure B 2 NX64A to RS 449 Cable Figure B 3 Null Composite I O Cable Figure B 4 NX64A SDR xx to RAD Kilomux Interface Cable Figure B 5 NX64 to SPD 703 Interface Cable DCE DCE Figure B 6 64 to SPD 703 Interface Cable DCE DTE Figure B 7 Remote Metering Option Terminal Block Figure B 8 G 703 Adaptor Connector Pin Assignments Figure C 1 Composite I O Figure C 2 STBY XFER Figure C 3 NMS Port Figure C 4a Orderwire Figure C 4b Remote Metering Option Figure C 5 Remote External Output Figure C 6 Remote I O External Input Table C 1 RS 449 NX64A I
112. s a variable frequency source operating in either the 790 960 MHz band or the 297 512 MHz band It uses a 1 4 wavelength coaxial resonator configuration for low noise operation The resonator length determines the general operating frequency of the VCO and is chosen for operation within required frequency bands Two hyperabrupt variable capacitance diodes varactors provide independent and optimized control over the center frequency and modulation FM sensitivity The output of the VCO is buffered by a wideband amplifier that provides an output level of 8 dBm NX64A 602 11060 11 R C System Characteristics 1 21 Phase Locked Loop Synthesizer The digital synthesizer provides digital control of the transmitters center frequency Functionally synthesizer phase locks the voltage controlled oscillator VCO centered at the required transmitter frequency to a stable crystal reference oscillator A programmable divider within the synthesizer allows digital control of the VCO frequency in precise programmable frequency steps Intermediate Power Amplifier The buffered output of the VCO drives a wideband Intermediate Power Amplifier IPA The IPA provides an output level of 16 dBm in the 790 960 MHz band 21 dBm in the 297 512 MHz band This level is required to drive the final RF Power Amplifier RFA stage that follows the IPA Since the RFA output is set by the drive from the IPA switching off the IPA also disables the RFA Hence the I
113. s given by 1 U Reliability in percent as commonly used in the microwave community is given by 100A or 100 1 U Non Diversity Annual Outages Let Undp be the non diversity annual outage probability for a given path We start with term r defined by Barnett as follows r actual fade probability Rayleigh fade probability 210 9 Where fade margin to the minimum acceptable point in dB For the worst month the fade probability due to terrain is given by a x 10 x f 4 x D Where D path length in miles f frequency in GHz a terrain factor 4 for smooth terrain 1 for average terrain 1 4 for mountainous very rough or very dry terrain NX64A 602 11060 51 R C System Planning amp Engineering 5 11 Over a year the fade probability due to climate is given by Where b climate factor 1 2 for Gulf coast or similar hot humid areas 1 4 for normal interior temperate or northern regions 1 8 for mountainous or very dry areas By combining the three equations and noting that Una is equal to the actual fade probability for a given fade margin F we can write or a X bx 2 5 x 10 x fx 10D x 1077 See Table 5 6 for the relationship between system reliability and outage time Table 5 6 Relationship Between System Reliability amp Outage Time RELIABILITY OUTAGE OUTAGE TIME PER TIME 26 YEAR MONTH Avg NX64A 602 11060 51 R
114. s in the proposed system K Line 12 Enter the total loss from line 11 L Line 13 Enter the total gain from line 4 M Line 14 Subtract line 13 from line 12 This is the unfaded signal level to be expected at the receiver N Line 15 Using the information found in Table 5 5 below enter here the minimum signal required for 1x10E 3 BER Table 5 5 Typical Received Signal Strength required for BER of 1x10E 3 Data Rate High Sensitivity High Efficiency Configuration EFF1 3 Level Modulation EFF2 7 Level Modulation 32 kbps 103 dBm 64 kbps 100 dBm 128 kbps 97 dBm 256 kbps 94 dBm 512 kbps 91 dBm Excludes all branching losses Line 16 Subtract line 15 from line 13 and enter here This is the amount of fade margin in the system NX64A 602 11060 51 R C 5 10 System Planning amp Engineering 5 2 4 Path Availability and Reliability For a given path the system reliability is generally worked out on methods based on the work of Barnett and Vigants The presentation here has now been superseded by CCIR 338 6 that establishes a slightly different reliability model The new model is more difficult to use and for most purposes yields very similar results For mathematical convenience we will use fractional probability per unit rather than percentage probability and will deal with the unavailability or outage parameter designated by the symbol U The availability parameter for which we use the symbol A i
115. sers to trade spectral efficiency for system gain Constant SNR The NX64A does not suffer from fade problems generally encountered in analog transmissions Error performance is independent of received carrier power until digital threshold is reached System Gain The 30 dB SNR threshold of conventional analog radios and the 1 10 4 error threshold of the NX64A are the same However the NX64A delivers 50 dB SNR digital threshold An analog system would require 20 dB more signal to deliver 50 dB SNR Immunity to Co Channel Interference Unlike analog systems that typically require 50 to 60 dB co channel protection ratios the NX64A can tolerate co channel levels as low as 14 dB below the desired signal Digital modulation eliminates birdies and background chatter Direct Digital Connectivity NX64A eliminates the need for expensive modems and enables direct connection to Switched 56 fractional T1 E1 CEPT 1 and basic rate ISDN equipment Access The NX64A can transmit over the most difficult terrain mountains gulfs rivers and jungle areas where cable installation is not practical Degradation Free Repeater Operation Digital regeneration enables multi hop transmission without signal degradation or the need for equalization NX64A 602 11060 11 R C 1 4 System Characteristics Higher Data Speeds The data throughput of analog radios is limited by modem technology The highest rate possible with current modems is 33
116. so be reversed NX64A 602 11060 21 R C 2 38 Installation 2 7 Antenna Feed System 2 7 1 Antenna Installation The path analysis study will determine how high the antenna system must be mounted for proper operation The antenna should be tightly bolted on to a fixed structure Dual antenna installations not using duplexer with the NX64A should be cross polarized and separated vertically by at least 40 feet to achieve as much isolation between the transmitter and receiver as possible The antenna is usually mounted on a pipe mount or tower on top of a building on a tower adjacent to building where the is installed on some structure that will provide the proper elevation If the tower or antenna mounting mast is to be mounted on a building an engineer should be consulted to be sure that the structure will support the system in the presence of high winds and ice The antenna support structure must be able to withstand high winds ice and rain without deflecting more than one tenth of a degree The optimum elevation is determined by the path analysis study Information on how to perform a site survey and path analysis can be found in the System Planning and Engineering Section see Section 5 The antennas used as part of the NX64A system are directional that is the energy radiated from an antenna is focused into a narrow beam by the antenna and transmitted toward the other antenna at the remote site The actual type of
117. status analog READINGS value set in calibration menu This menu is 1 4 available with the optional remote board It does not appear if that board is not installed system dependent NX64A 602 11060 31 R C 3 20 Operation 3 4 2 2 1 Remote Unit Fault Status Remote Unit i Fault s Total Faults Since Reset Remote Unit Fault s Message Summary Total Faults Since Reset Total number of faults for remote unit since last reset Additional Fault Details found on subsequent screens 1 TX LO LEVEL LOW Transmitter local oscillator output signal below limits TX Module TP702 0 25 Vdc 2 SYNTH UNLOCKED Transmitter synthesizer not locked Tx will not radiate FLT 1 will display and the TX led will be red TX Module TP703 TTL High 3 LO LEVEL LOW Receiver local oscillator output signal below limits RX Module TP712 0 25 Vdc 4 SYNTH UNLOCKED Receiver synthesizer not locked Rx will mute FLT 7 will display and the RX led will be red FLT 3 may also display RX Module TP714 TTL High 5 NO TX CLOCK Tx Clock Signal lost or out of sync CPU module 81 lt 1 5 V OR 23 5 6 NO RX CLOCK Rx Clock Signal lost or out of sync CPU module TP114 1 5 V gt 3 5 V 7 RX MUTE Receiver is in a mute condition Rx Module TP711 TTL Low 8 LOW BATTERY 12 V supply voltage Battery or AC DC converter below 8 Vdc 9 WRONG IF FILTER System data rate IF bandwidth configu
118. te clock connections when the local DTE is the master clock source The local DTE should be configured to supply both a transmit clock and a receive clock to the NX64A The remote DTE must be configured to accept either a transmit clock a receive clock or both TERMINAL EQUIPMENT NX644 NX64A TERMINAL EQUIPMENT MUX or CSU CSU Transmit Dota OUT TXDI Transmit Data panene Oioi TXCI Transmit Clock OUT l Transmit Clock IN l Rec Data IN Clock e Clock IN LOCAL LOCAL REMOTE REMOTE TX C MD1241 A RX C Figure 2 9 NX64A Data Clock Timing Example 3 NX64A 602 11060 21 R C Installation 2 17 Figure 2 10 portrays a repeater configuration In this situation two NX64As connected back to back to repeat the RF data The NX64As are connected to each other via their COMPOSITE with null modem cable NX644 NX64A DCED DCE 2 lt X x db Pd MD1848 4 Figure 2 10 64 Data Clock Timing Example 4 The previous examples do not represent every possible system configuration but are intended to give the user enough information to be able to configure the system The 64 requires definition of the source for the transmitter clock TX CLK and the receiver clock RX CLK NX
119. ter timing is derived from a phase locked loop driven from one of the following clock Sources This source must be the same frequency as the transmit data rate Internal crystal controlled oscillator Transmit clock input from the rear panel composite port Receiver clock recovered from the received signal Receive clock input from the rear panel composite port Determines the timing of data in the transmitter modem External device uses a rising edge triggered clock External device uses a falling edge triggered clock The clock source for the receiver does not affect any of the internal operations since all receiver functions are clocked from the received signal This screen only chooses the clock source used to clock the data to the composite port Internal crystal controlled oscillator Transmit clock input from the rear panel composite port Receiver clock recovered from the received signal Receive clock input from the rear panel composite port Determines the timing of data in an external device from the receiver modem External device uses a rising edge triggered clock External device uses a falling edge triggered clock NX64A 602 11060 31 R C Operation 3 23 3 4 3 2 Tx Data Rate Ch Spacing Rx Data Rate Ch Spacing Function Settings Summary Data rates for the transmitter and receiver are adjusted here The data rate must match the rate of the external equipment Although
120. the loss in a radio path there is for a given frequency and distance a characteristic loss This loss increases with both distance and frequency It is known as the free space loss and is given by NX64A 602 11060 51 R C System Planning amp Engineering 5 7 A 96 6 20logioF 20 00100 Where A free space attenuation between isotropics in dB frequency in GHz D path distance in miles 5 2 3 Path Balance Sheet System Calculations A typical form for recording the gains and losses for a microwave path is shown on page Recall that the purpose of this tabulation is to determine the fade margin of the proposed radio system The magnitude of the fade margin is used in subsequent calculations of path availability up time The following instructions will aid you in completing the Path Calculation Balance Sheet see section 5 2 7 Instructions A NX64A Line 1 Enter the power output of the transmitter in dBm Examples 5w 37 0 dBm 6 5w 38 0 dBm 38 5 dBm 8w 39 0 dBm dBm 30 10 Log in watts Lines 2 amp 3 Enter Transmitter and Receiver antenna gains over an isotropic source Refer to the Antenna Gain table below for the power gain of the antenna Note If the manufacturer quotes a gain in dBd referred to a dipole dBi is approximately dBd 1 1 dB Table 5 1 Typical Antenna Gain ANTENNA TYPE 450 MHz BAND 950 MHz BAND 5 element Yagi Paraflectors 4 Dish 1 2 m
121. tion Contents continued Installation Introduction Unpacking Inspection Inventory Pre Installation Testing Warnings Loopback Tests Local Loopback Testing Remote Loopback End to End Testing Interconnection to Other Equipment Timing Repeater Connections NX64A to SDM T ACT NX64A to Kilomux RAD Standby Configuration Rack Installation Power Supply Equipment Interconnection NX64A External Duplexer preferred Internal Duplexer Hot Cold Standby Modes Hot Standby preferred Cold Standby NX64 Receiver Operation TP64 Front Panel Controls and Indicators LED Indicators TRANSFER Switches Master Slave Operation amp LED Status Software Settings NX64A Clock Settings NX64A Control Settings Site Installation Physical and Environmental Considerations Power Requirements RF Connections Data Connections Rack Mount Installation Antenna Feed System Antenna Installation Transmission Line Installation Testing Environmental Seals Link Alignment A 5 06060 Continued on following page NX64A 602 11060 R C Table of Contents iii Contents continued Operation Introduction Front Panel Operation LCD Display Cursor and Screen Control Buttons Status Indicators Screen Menu Overview Screen Menu Summary Controls Menu 4 Status Menu 3 4 2 1 Status Unit Selection 3 4 2 1 1 This Unit Fault Status 3 4 2 1 2 This Unit Transmitter Tx Status 3 4 2 1 3 This Unit Receiver Rx Status 3
122. tions of its behavior A radio beam and a beam of light are similar in that both consist of electromagnetic energy the difference in their behavior is principally due to the difference in frequency A basic characteristic of electromagnetic energy is that it travels in a direction perpendicular to the plane of constant phase i e if the beam were instantaneously cut at right angle to the direction of travel a plane of uniform phase would be obtained If on the other hand the beam entered a medium of non uniform density and the lower portion of the beam traveled through the more dense portion of the medium its velocity would be less than that of the upper portion of the beam The plane of uniform phase would then change and the beam would bend downward This is refraction just as a light beam is refracted when it moves through a prism The atmosphere surrounding the earth has the non uniform characteristics of temperature pressure and relative humidity which are the parameters that determine the dielectric constant and therefore the velocity of radio wave propagation The earth s atmosphere is therefore the refracting medium that tends to make the radio horizon appear closer or farther away 5 1 3 Fresnel Zones The effect of obstacles both in and near the path and the terrain has a bearing on the propagation of radio energy from one point to another The nature of these effects depends upon many things including the position shape
123. trary point along the path d distance in miles statute from the opposite end of the microwave path to the same arbitrary point along the path K factor considered Three K values are of particular interest in this connection 1 Minimum value to be expected over the path This determines the degree of earth bulging and directly affects the requirements for antenna height It also establishes the lower end of the clearance range over which reflective path analysis must be made in the case of paths where reflections are expected Maximum value to be expected over the path This leads to greater than normal clearance and is of significance primarily on reflective paths where it establishes the upper end of the clearance range over which reflective analysis must be made Median or normal value to be expected over the path Clearance under this condition should be at least sufficient to give free space propagation on non reflective paths Additionally on paths with significant reflections the clearance under normal conditions should not fall at or near an even Fresnel zone For most applications the following criteria are considered acceptable 1 33 and CF 1 0 F 1 0 and CF 0 6 K 2 0 67 and CF 0 3 F Where CF is the Fresnel zone clearance and F is the first Fresnel zone radius 5 1 5 Path Profiles Using ground elevation information obtained from the topographical map a path profile shoul
124. tus 1 menu and observe the Rx Signal level in dBm Use a helper to establish communications between the radio and antenna sites and then turn the antenna in small amounts until the maximum signal is displayed Please note that the signal levels should agree with the initial path calculations plus or minus 6 dBm or there may be a problem with antenna alignment or the antenna system Then tighten the bolts to hold the antenna securely NX64A 602 11060 21 R C 2 42 Installation This page is intentionally blank NX64A 602 11060 21 R C 3 Operation Introduction Front Panel Operation LCD Display Cursor and Screen Control Buttons Status Indicators Screen Menu Overview Screen Menu Summary Controls Menu 4 Status Menu 3 4 2 1 Status Unit Selection 3 4 2 1 1 This Unit Fault Status 3 4 2 1 2 This Unit Transmitter Tx Status 3 4 2 1 3 This Unit Receiver Rx Status 3 4 2 1 4 This Unit Modem Status 3 4 2 1 4 1 FER vs Post FEC BER Discussion 3 4 2 1 5 This Unit System Status 3 4 2 2 1 Remote Unit Fault Status 3 4 2 2 2 Remote Unit Transmitter Tx Status 3 4 2 2 3 Remote Unit Modem Status 3 4 3 Configuration Menu 3 4 3 1 Clock Source 3 4 3 2 Data Rate Screen 3 4 3 3 RTS CTS Delay 3 4 3 4 FEC Forward Error Correction 3 4 3 5 RF Frequency Limited Access 3 4 4 Test Menu 3 4 4 1 Test Unit Selection 3 4 4 2 This Unit Test Menu 3 4 4 3 Remote Unit Test Menu
125. ultilevel bit slicer The timing of the A D and the slicing is determined by the recovered clock The noise filter limits the noise bandwidth The A D and the bit slicer recreates the precoded signal sent by the digital modulator Clock Recovery The clock is recovered from the signal after the noise filters A PLL recovers the timing information Data Recovery The original serial data is recovered by passing the output of the slicer through a reverse precoder and a descrambler Error detection logic captures coding violations and triggers the BER counter Digital Data Interface The digital data interface can be V 35 RS 449 RS 232 EIA 530 or G 703 Orderwire Option An RJ45 connector provides access to the orderwire channel Transformer coupled TX and RX ports allow for 2 wire or 4 wire operation Interface levels are 16 dBm for the inputs and 7 dBm for the output The orderwire can FM modulate the radio as subcarrier and can operate in lieu of the data NX64A 602 11060 11 R C System Characteristics 1 19 Power Supply The CPU Modem power supply circuitry accepts 12 VDC input from the system power supply and generates 5 and 12 VDC analog and digital The battery monitor warns the system of low voltage at the input The reset power monitor protects the nonvolatile RAM with a battery backup Standby Transfer Panel Interface Provides the necessary interface l O lines and software control for transfer panel standby
126. unit configurations The transfer panel TP64 is external to the NX64 and proviides a redundant hot or cold standby connection to another NX64 unit see Section 2 5 for more information on setups and settings Remote Interface Option Provides the necessary interface lines and software control for the Remote option card that installs into connector P41 NMS Control Option The Network Management System NMS option is supported through microprocessor software control NX64A 602 11060 11 R C 1 20 System Characteristics 1 4 3 2 Transmitter Module The transmitter module is mounted on a heat sink located on the rear of the radio chassis The transmit module receives the baseband modulated signal and mixes it to achieve the desired center frequency This modulated carrier is then amplified and sent to the duplexer for transmission Please refer to the block diagram in Figure 1 3 The transmit module contains the following subsystems Voltage Controlled Oscillator e Phase Locked Loop Synthesizer e Intermediate Power Amplifier Final Power Amplifier MODULATION Ens POWER DIRECTIONAL IN VCO PLL 78 2 HRF gt COUPLER SP RED UNLOCK JY 4 LOCK AFC LO FWD REV DETECT LEVEL LEVEL PWR PWR 01165 Figure 1 3 Transmitter Block Diagram Voltage Controlled Oscillator The voltage controlled oscillator VCO i
127. us signal input levels The detected voltage is used to calculate the indicated signal strength in dBm on the receiver status menu Since there is some non linearity in the curve the values on the receiver status menu have a limited accuracy and should only be used for relative measurements z ta a gt 2 o 2 RSSI Volts Figure 5 6 RSSI versus Signal Level NX64A 602 11060 51 R C 5 20 System Planning amp Engineering 5 3 7 Spectral Occupancy Figures 5 7 5 8 and 5 9 below show the occupied RF spectrum for the High Sensitivity mode 3 level modulation the High Efficiency mode 7 level modulation and the Narrow Bandwidth mode 7 level modulation with reduced deviation The three level mode occupies a spectrum which is approximately 1 5 times the data rate The digital mask under FCC Part 94 is shown as the heavy line around the data Figure 5 8 shows the seven level occupied spectrum which occupies about 0 75 times the data rate Again the digital mask for a narrow channel is shown by the heavy lines In a partial response system occupied bandwidth can be further reduced by simply lowering the deviation This is shown in Figure 5 9 The deviation has been lowered about 10 dB and the occupied spectrum is about 0 4 times the data rate The emission mask for the very narrow channel is shown by the heavy lines Note that the indicated spectral mask does
128. utomatically scroll to that menu lt LEFT gt lt RIGHT gt Used to select between conditions such as ON OFF ENABLED DISABLED LOW HIGH etc as well as to increase or decrease numerical values 3 2 3 Status Indicators There are seven status indicator LEDs on the NX64A front panel Their functions are listed in Table 3 1 below Table 3 1 LED Status Indicator Functions Receiver Green indicates that the receiver is enabled the synthesizer is phase locked and a signal is being received Receive Data Green indicates that valid data is being received Bit Error Rate Flashes red for each data error detected Fault General fault light red Consult the STATUS menus for out of tolerance conditions Loopback Red indicates analog or digital loopback is enabled Transmit Data Green indicates the modem clock is phase locked and data is being sent Transmitter Green indicates the transmitter is radiating and the RF output forward power is above the factory set threshold NX64A 602 11060 31 R C 3 6 Operation 3 3 Screen Menu Overview The screen menu flow diagram in Figures 3 2 provides a graphic representation of the entire LCD display menu structure Generally lt ENTER gt will take you to the next screen from a menu choice and UP DOWN will scroll through screens within a menu choice 1 2 etc Exceptions to this are noted in Section 3 5 Menu Reference Information The limited access or
129. verify The remote portion of the link is working properly Hardwire Loopback can verify The entire system including the transmitter and receiver modules are working properly Digital Loopback Test Procedure Required Equipment Bit Error Rate Test set BERT set with the proper interface connection power termination 10 Watt min 50 ohms dummy load Procedure Place the modem into digital loopback TEST menu and set the BERT to the proper data rate Run the bit error rate test for one minute without receiving any errors If errors are recorded in this test and proper connection and operation of the BERT test has been verified call customer service for further instructions RF Loopback Test Procedure Required Equipment Bit Error Rate Test set BERT with the proper interface connection RF Turnaround Box that operates at the proper frequency and is low noise contact customer service for further information Procedure Disable the modem loopback CLEAR in the TEST menu and set the BERT to the proper data rate Run the bit error rate test for one minute without receiving any errors If errors are recorded in this test and proper connection and operation of the BERT test has been verified call customer service for further instructions NX64A 602 11060 21 R C Installation 2 12 8 08110N
130. y the connected equipment Switch 7 OPEN Normal RX Clock Out Phase Switch7 CLOSED Inverted RX Clock Out Phase Normal Operation The issue of setting the clocks can be simplified by considering the following settings for normal operation Local Transmitter Supplies the system clock TX INTERNAL 5 or Receives the system clock TX CLK EXTERNAL TXC e Remote Transmitter Normally synchronized to the RECOVERED CLOCK e All Receivers inthe Normally synchronized to the RECOVERED CLOCK chain External Equipment When the local transmitter is receiving the system clock the external equipment must be set up to supply the clock to the NX64A Refer to the appropriate owner s manual for details When the remote NX64A is synchronized to the RECOVERED CLOCK the external equipment must be set up to receive the clock from the NX64A Refer to the appropriate owners manual for details NX64A 602 11060 21 R C Installation 2 21 2 4 2 Repeater Connections The NX64A can be used as a digital repeater The typical clock and configuration settings for the equipment are detailed in Table 2 1 The digital connections are shown in Figure 2 11 Table 2 1 NX64A Repeater Clock Settings Parameter TX CLK External TXC Rising Edge RX CLK Recovered CLK Rising Edge NX64A 602 11060 21 R C 2 22 Installation

NX64A Digital Radio

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