Choosing the right tools for the job
Contents
1. CS X ARELL uxt Measure and mark where you want to cut Support the wood so it doesn t fall and hurt you after being cut Because the blade on a mitre saw moves you don t have to feed your workpiece towards it you just need to hold it in place Don t cross your arms when holding the workpiece and pulling the blade down Before switching the saw on pull the blade down and check that it s aligned with your cutting mark then return it fo its safely position right back up with its guard in place Switch your saw on then pull the blade down and through the wood let the blade come to a complete stop before removing it from the wood and lifting it back into its safety position TABLE SAW A table saw is worth buying if you have lots of cutting to do Here the blade sticks up trom the baseplate table and you feed your workpiece over it A table saw can be used for joinery cuts crosscuts ripping cutting lengthwise with the grain and reshaping boards You can also buy attachments which allow you to true up crooked boards and shape and mould wood BLADES Saw blades come in different sizes as well as with a specific number of teeth and a specific gullet size space between the teeth The number of teeth is a general guide to a blade s cutting performance many small teeth means a fine cut fewer large teeth a fast but coarse cut Special blades are available for cutting manufactured2. Make sure your drill stand won t move by connecting it tightly to your table or workbench Also make sure the drill itself is properly connected to the stand and that the bit is properly inserted in the chuck The large forces involved when drilling can lead to serious injury if the equipment is not set up correctly e For a smooth hole drill it out more than once e Use the right attachments for sanding polishing wire brushing grinding cutting holes tightening bolts sharpening edges SAFETY GEAR e Safety glasses e Gloves e Dust mask Hammer drills create a lot of dust To reduce the mess tape an open envelope to the wall just below where you ll be drilling and most of the dust will fall into it instead of onto your floor or carpet Or you could use a factory made drill dust collector DRILL BITS x Drill bits These come in all sizes and are usually designed for use with specific materials Masonry bits are for drilling into stone concrete bricks and plaster wood bits for drilling into wood and steel bits for drilling into metal although they can also be used on wood and other softer materials SDS bits are required for rotary hammer drills WHAT ARE DRILL BITS MADE OF Mit NI N Most universal bits are made of high speed steel HSS Don t buy low or high carbon steel bits as though they might be cheap they will require frequent sharpeni
3. Let the cutter run off at the far end of the cut and switch off the power Switch the router on grip it by the handles on either side and guide it along the edge you are shaping 20 Always keep the wood on the lef hand side of the router and push the router forwards It is dangerous to have the wood on the opposite side as the router might be wrenched from your grip This is because of the direction of rotation of the cutter CHOOSING ROUTER BITS Bits for DIY routers usually have shatts with a diameter of 8 mm 6 35 or 12 7 mm and tungsten carbide cutting tips Grooving cutters are plain while shaping edge cutters are fitted with a ball bearing that runs like a wheel on the workpiece and stops the bit from cutting too deeply Hammers Never use the side of a hammer for striking nails use a clothes peg to hold the nail Let go of the nail and drive it in tully with harder blows Hold the nail between your For large nails keep your wrist thumb and forefinger and start stiff and swing hammer and driving it in with a few gentle forearm from the elbow On Hold the hammer near the taps Check that the nail is at rough work hammer the head end of the handle and keep the right angle to the surface of the nail in flush with the your wrist straight usually 90 surface 27 REMOVING A BENT NAIL Do not try to straighten a bent nail or drive it home Pull it out and replace it w
4. because if you want to stain the wood later you ll find that the stain doesn t take where glue has dried on the wood Glue alone should be enough to hold the frame together but if you are making large frames or want your frames to last then staple them across the joints at the back as well D At the last minute we decided to rout out a rebate for the glass picture and backing board If we d planned things better we could have done this at the same time as we cut our decorative edge Although doing it last is a bit tricky it s still an option Measure the space you have made available for the glass and have the glass cut mm smaller all round so that it will fit into the space with a bit of room to spare Cut a piece of Masonite to the same size as the glass to use as a protective backing board Nail 4 to 8 swivel clips to the back of the frame to hold your glass picture and backing board in place using swivel clips will allow you to change the picture in the future should you want to do so Screw the two eye hooks into the back of the frame one on either side and string the picture hanging wire tightly between them a i N d Drill a hole in your wall where you want the picture to go and hammer in a hammer screw the type that comes complete with a plug to anchor it Hang the picture from the screw DREMEL DSM2 20 Excellent line of sight for a
5. Strap some masking tape around the drill bit as a guide to how deep you should make your hole Stop when the guide touches the wood or wall NUTS BOLTS AND WASHERS Bolts are most often used together with nuts and washers to fasten items together In effect they clamp the items between the head of the bolt and the nut which is screwed on the other end of the shank First you have to drill holes of the correct size for the bolt to slip easily through the items Washers help make the fastening more secure by providing flat surfaces under the bolt head and nut This is necessary when joining items with curved or uneven surfaces such as gum pole furniture GUTTER OR ROOFING BOLTS COACH BOLT t These have low slotted mushroom shaped heads and usually come with square nuts They can be used for many DIY projects not just roofing Their bright zinc finish makes them suitable for exterior use as they can be exposed to all kinds of weather without rusting CONCRETE ANGHORS These have countersunk or domed heads and a short square section just under the head They are ideal for wood as the square part sinks into it preventing the bolt from turning when the nut is being tightened They are also known as carriage or cup square bolts MACHINE BOLT These are used in concrete and masonry where you can t reach the end of the shank to tighten them There are various designs lypically the shank is covered by a
6. nails have large flat heads and are excellent for fixing rooting and ceilings Choose galvanised or copper ones or they will rust when you paint over them with water based paint FENCE STAPLES U shaped nails designed for attaching wire fencing to the posts Make sure you choose galvanised ones to prevent rust and corrosion 10 CARPET TACKS Usually used to fasten carpeting to a wooden floor RING SHANK NAILS Nails with grooved shanks which give them better holding power Most commonly used in rooting and construction work Always choose the correct screw for your project as screws are designed to be used with specitic materials wood metal masonry and for specific uses to hold a load join fix in place Also choose the correct size lightly stressed items need smaller screws a post box or bird feeder while heavily stressed items need larger screws chairs and other weight bearing objects CHOOSING YOUR SCREW For joining two pieces of wood a screw needs to be long enough to go through the one piece and haltway through the second Screws are sized according to their diameter in millimetres known as their gauge number and their length A versatile screw is the 4x50 4 mm by 50 mm long For heavier duty fixing you can use a 5 mm screw SOLID BRASS SCREWS Used for a decorative finish when the head will be visible in the finished work They are corrosion resistant thus they can be used indoor
7. power screwdriver can save buying one to check what type you space time energy and of rechargeable battery it uses money Essentially it is a Lithium lon is always the best gun shaped tool not unlike a option small drill with changeable Drills and drill stands DRILLS A power drill is an essential home DIY tool Not only does it have attachments that allow you to drill holes and screw in fasteners but a load of other accessories which allow you to polish buff and grind although using a grinding or cutting disc on a drill is very dangerous that s why an angle grinder has a safely guard Use the wire brush attachment for polishing metal and removing rust or the hole saw attachment for cutting holes Impact hammer and compact drills are designed for drilling different materials Compact drills are good for wood metal and plastic Should you want to put up a shelf or hang a picture on a brick and plaster wall then you will need a hammer drill Rotary hammer drills are used for drilling into stone and concrete and are ral therefore more suitable for the DIY enthusiast or commercial customers Rotary hammer drills have options to fit standard drill bits using a SDS chuck adaptor A power tool is only as good as the accessory you use it with Remember when drilling to choose the right bit for the application Use a masonry bit for drilling into plaster and brick and a high speed steel HSS bit f
8. thin sleeve which butts up against the nut As These have either square or hexagonal heads and are fastened using a spanner and similarly shaped nuts They also come in large sizes where the length increases with the diameter the head of the bolt or screw is tightened the nut is drawn towards it forcing the sleeve to expand and jam the assembly in the hole Alternatively the assembly is reversed and you tighten the nut Afterwards you can remove the nut or bolt to add attachments Some concrete anchors have ready made eyes for this purpose NUTS et We X E y v a 3 OF Nuts are what you screw onto bolts to fasten them Plain steel nuts are relatively strong and good for many home DIY projects However they should only be used indoors For outdoors choose their stainless steel cousins Wing nuts are for when you often need to loosen and tighten the nut The wings make it easy to turn the nut by hand Staple gun This is a very versatile tool to add to your home DIY arsenal being really handy for small repairs and projects and able to drive heavy duty staples of various sizes into wood and plastic If your staples are not flush with your material try exerting more pressure on the gun while squeezing the trigger You can use your tree hand to help stabilise the gun while squeezing the trigger The staple is ejected at high speed so take care not to fire the gu
9. UCTION A power tool is a handy DIY device and although it is fun to use and opens a world of DIY possibilities please remember that it is not a toy and should never be given to children to play with Here we briefly introduce you to a number of power tools and their mask and ear plugs are the first uses Always remember to wear the correct safety items for the tool consideration when working you are using and to read the user s manual in full with power tools Gloves are needed for handling timber or steel and preventing minor injuries but when using power tools they provide little protection against a turning blade Some people work without gloves when using certain power tools so they can maintain fine motor control of their task Remember to read the operating instructions for all machines and never modify or use incorrectly CORDLESS VS PLUG IN e Cordless tools are convenient and save time and can be used away from a power source just remember to charge your battery The batteries are usually Nickel Cadmium or Lithium ion Lithium ion is the new technology with significant benefits of no memory build up and holding a charge for Buy a compact drill it you re planning a lot of repairs or longer DIY projects as they can e Plug in electric tools always have power available so also be used as power you can finish your job without interruption except screwdrivers However during blackouts they are a lot bulk
10. When sanding use a more abrasive sandpaper instead of pressing harder on the tool e Dust mask e Safety glasses Choose the speed you want Attach your chosen accessory Using the variable speed slide and tighten the clamping screw making sure the washer is between the accessory and clamping screw with the bevel side up Turn the tool on and apply it to your workpiece Turn the tool off Decide what shape and size you want your frame to be If you already have a picture the internal measurements of the frame need to be the same as those of the picture without any gaps between the picture and frame Making a picture frame You can make a picture frame from almost any wood Leftover skirting especially the decorative kind can look great and even better with a lick of paint or a coat of varnish Or if you are feeling really creative consider adding a paint effect n a Soften the edge of leftover skirting board by reshaping it using a decorative bit and your router Work out the measurements for the pieces of frame then cut them from your length of timber angling the cuts 45 towards the inside edges so the pieces create 90 mitred joints when put together 3 EL Check that your pieces fit together properly and test that your corner clamps will hold them firmly in position Glue the pieces together and clamp in position Try not to get any glue on the front of the frame
11. aterial The hole will be completely round if you are holding the drill at right angles to the surface When working with plastic run the drill as slowly as possible to stop the plastic melting through friction 8 Although a hole saw is not strictly designed for this you can use one to cut discs out of wood plastic and thin sheet metal for various uses If you are cutting a workpiece on your bench clamp some scrap wood under it and saw through the workpiece into the scrap fo ensure a clean exit hole Alternatively cut through the material until the pilot bit appears then drill back into it trom the other side a ve TM NH uw v wm N Nails screws bolts and washers Nails can be used to join two pieces of wood or to attach something to wood or brick however you will need extra power amp to hammer one into brick If your nails are going to be used for an s outdoor project then choose galvanised ones that won t corrode M Or rust e RN e Gloves PANEL PINS ROUND OR OVAL NAILS EE ZUM A f 2 gt T Small thin nails with almost no The flat rounded heads of the wood They re used where heads used for fine carpentry these make them easier to hit a rough finish is acceptable and joinery work Great for with a hammer The shape such as underneath a deck or small DIY jobs of oval nails is designed to under wooden flooring reduce the risk of them splitting CLOUT NAILS Clout
12. boards and laminates When you buy wood from a Builders store they will cut it to size for you so by planning ahead you can save time and money Never use water on a saw blade as it will rust Brush it clean without using any cleaner If a blade is very dirty you can clean it with oil but remember to wipe off any excess Keep the original packaging for storing a blade If you ve lost the packaging hang the blade from a nail on the wall Don t hang several blades from the same nail without putting spacers between them or the cutting edges could get damaged 29 Jigsaw Because of its versatility this is an outstanding DIY tool When titted with the right blade it can cut wood manufactured board and several other materials in straight lines as well as curves Features to look for are variable speed and an adjustable baseplate so you can cut at angles other than 90 Excellent for cutting stencilled designs and other shapes into wood Allows for precision finishes and exact cuts BLADES Jigsaw blades for cutting wood and manufactured board come in fine medium and coarse versions The closer the teeth the finer the cut The maximum cutting depth is usually between 50 and 75 mm Blades for cutting wood will also cut plastic sheet You need extra fine blades for cutting metal and there are also special blades for cutting ceramic tiles and fibreglass 24 A
13. ccurate cutting Abrasive wheel technology for straight cuts plunge cuts and f plastic and masonry Comfortable use due to quick accessory change and one hand operation ush cuts in wood metal tile do it yourself LAN liders Disclaimer Builders booklets DVD s and other guides are provided strictly for informational purposes only The information contained herein is intended to provide general information with regard to simple DIY projects As products laws and regulations are continually changing Builders takes no responsibility for the accuracy of information contained herein or any liability for omissions errors or the outcome of any project It is the responsibility of the viewer reader to ensure compliance with all applicable laws rules codes and regulations as the case may be Safety is important make sure to take proper safety precautions and exercise caution when taking on any DIY project Always read the manufacturer s instructions and heed their guidance for using their product Certain products or materials may only be available at selected Builders stores If there is any doubt regarding any element of a DIY project please consult a professional Builders cannot be held liable for any loss damage or injury that may result out of the use of the Builders booklets DVD s and other guides NA
14. er of things They come in a range of shapes and sizes some gt for specific uses SSE AN LONG NOSE PLIERS These have longer jaws than normal pliers and the jaws taper to a point which is ideal for reaching into awkward places or grasping and manoeuvring small components They can be used for bending wires and metal into shape Other essential tools SIDE CUTTERS These are designed for cutting wire but instead of snipping it like scissors they make dents in it then push the two halves apart It can be used for cutting copper brass aluminium and steel wire COMBINATION PLIERS The jaws of these have both round and flat gripping sections as well as a cutter This makes them versatile and a good addition to any toolbox They can be used for many things trom holding a nail steady while you hammer it in to helping you tighten or loosen nuts and bolts as well as extracting nails from wood The cutter is handy when you need to strip electric wires TAPE MEASURE This common tool is indispensable as DIY projects nearly always involve measuring whether it be working out the size of an open space for planning purposes or marking where to cut a strip of wood to make it the right length There are also laser measures which are especially handy for measuring large areas and spaces SHIFTING SPANNER This handy tool has one fixed and one adjustable jaw It s mainly used in plumbing and for things s
15. ier than purpose built power e Some corded tools are more cost effective to the DIY user MEE ee than the cordless option e Circular saws jigsaws and routers have adjustable fences that you can move up to about 150 mm trom the edge of the workpiece to use as a guide e To make a cut beyond the limit of the fence clamp a batten across the workpiece parallel to your marked cutting line and at the right distance from it to act as a guide when you run the edge of your tool s baseplate along it e Align the tool s guide notch with the cutting line and double check the position of the batten before starting the cut Make sure the clamps holding the batten won t obstruct the tool as you go An alternative is to mount the tool on your workbench e Some tools also have stationary versions Using a fence attached to your workbench is more accurate than using a clamped batten NO n b ee x ue PL eee et POWER SCREWDRIVER A power screwdriver can be cheaper than an entire range of manual screwdrivers as it comes with a complete set of tips An even cheaper option is to buy a manual screwdriver that comes with a set of tips A rechargeable screwdriver bits A power screwdriver is is a handy addition to your great for constructing tlatoack hardware cupboard While a furniture installing cupboards good old manual screwdriver or upgrading parts in your will always have its place a computer Remember when
16. ith a new nail Place a piece of card or thin wood on the surface beside the nail to protect the surface Hook the claw of the hammer under the head of the nail rest the hammer on the piece of card and pull the handle towards you to lever the nail out Keep the handle aligned with the nail so you do not widen the nail hole PIN WARRINGTON HAMMER Used for driving in small panel pins tacks upholstery nails glazing sprigs used to hold glass panes in wooden window frames and other delicate lightweight work The back can be used to reach into small awkward spaces 28 CLAW HAMMER BRICK HAMMER 1 4 i This will drive in all but the smallest nails The claw is used to extract nails that are misaligned or bent BALL PEIN HAMMER Used for breaking bricks chipping plaster surfaces and driving nails SLEDGEHAMMER eot Designed initially for use in metalworking the ball pein hammer is now mainly used for striking punches and chisels CLUB HAMMER For breaking down masonry walls It has a long handle to drive the head with more force MALLETS Rubber headed hammers are used mainly for joinery work so they do not damage the wood or tiles Used for light demolition Has a malletshaped metal head PLIERS Pliers are essential items in your toolbox They act as powertul extensions of your hands and tingers helping you with gripping and twisting any numb
17. juilder do it yourself Power AAII Bosch Lithium System J In a practical starter set Or individually Your price advantage Starter set 1 Battery Be Save money consisting of e g an SEN de Ns En xe T UN NS With the starter set you will oer s charger Brandy own ie batery ano ee La charger for all further bas including 1 charger 4 Basic model MOIS cum Choose a tool cw without battery e g CV L i ies ss oa 2 NT ij KS Ee y sil E att se Xd ele amp e e j d Am i li F P BOSCH Invented for life www bosch do it com Power screwdriver ooo oc cc cececcccecec cece esee sev lel bbb p le lee bribe 3 DNS GOON b is Eo MEE EET ERR 4 GS aae EEN 6 uo MM 8 Nails screws bolts and washers cccccceccececceceececeeeesecstcuseteteeeeees 9 S esi OI MN PER T l4 devo M ecbonerea 16 Faner sanda MEE ERROR RR RR ee eee 18 Circular SAW RRRRRNENNEENNNNNNMMMNMMMMMMNMMMMMMMNMMMNMWMWMWdWVWMWw 21 lo T 24 duc 2 UCT Se us ccc eM M ase ELI IM M E 2 Oiher essential TOO B xussee tede ttr rr PR eer Sac uae Ed ined erbe CN Vue 29 Multitool Dremel sssss mme 30 Making a picture frame oo cece Hee 3 SAFETY Tie up long hair take off jewellery and don t wear loose clothing Safety glasses a dust INTROD
18. lways clamp your workpiece to your workbench as a jigsaw tends to grab at the work and if you simply hold it with your free hand you won t get a clean cut Let a jigsaw cut at its own speed rather than forcing or pushing it as you will not get a straight cut if you do so Also always use a guide If your jigsaw blades are breaking make sure they are screwed in tight enough and facing in the right direction It they continue to break your cutting angle might be too tight for the blade you are using Used for cutting trimming and shaping decorative work laminate trimming and edge protiling as well as hollowing out an area in the face of a piece of wood Can be used on wood metal and plastic Routers have interchangeable bits like a drill and there s a very large choice for decorative effects as well as joinery lt N Fit the dust extractor if Set the depth of the cut and there is one and clamp your Choose your cutter profile and check it by testing on a piece workpiece securely to your fit it to the router of scrap wood workbench 25 Rout in increments of 2 3 mm with each pass until the guide pin or ball bearing see below touches the workpiece Position the router where you want fo start cutting resting the baseplate on your workpiece E p Y 5 Sg Move the router slowly forwards with the baseplate flat on the surface of the workpiece
19. n until it s securely pressed against the workpiece There are also electric or cordless staple guns An extension cord is required as their own cords are very short A cordless staple gun is handiest but you need to make sure the battery is charged before using it Also if you have a lot of stapling to do you might run out of power before finishing the job A powered battery or plug in staple gun is great for people with carpel tunnel syndrome arthritis or who lack the strength to use a manual staple gun You might also want to go for a powered one if you have a lot of stapling to do Staple guns are just the thing for art and craft projects but too dangerous to be used by children as the force with which the staple is ejected can cause considerable damage and injury So make sure you never point a staple gun at anyone and keep your fingers away from its nose 15 Power Planer Also known as Buzzers power planers use rotating blades to remove chips of wood as you move them along A hand planer uses a stationary blade and takes a lot more muscle power to move as well as a lot more of your time Draw lines on the workpiece at the level you want to plane down to set the cutting depth on the planer and fit the fence 16 Use a piece of scrap wood to rest the nose of your planer on when putting it down Make sure the blades don t touch the work surface as they could get blu
20. ng High speed steel HSS bits or cobalt steel alloy bits are best Some bits have tips made of tungsten carbide or other carbides hard materials which can drill into almost anything Just the tips are made of this material because it is brittle and costly BIT COATINGS Bits are also coated to increase their lubricity as well as their resistance to heat and corrosion The coatings used include black oxide quite common and inexpensive titanium nitride TiN titanium aluminium nitride TiAIIN and titanium carbon nitride TiCN All can extend the life of a bit up to five times BIT SHAPE TWIST DRILL This is the universal type of bit used for making holes in wood metal plastic and many other materials Most are made out of high speed steel HSS However they are not suitable for masonry Generally twist drills don t need pilot holes as they are selt starters Being general purpose bits they are a good choice if you are stocking your tool cupboard and don t have a particular project in mind STEP DRILL OR UNIBIT This bit is conical in shape with a stepped look It allows you to drill many different size holes in wood metal and plastic all with the one bit You could use it to drill a hole and then add a countersink recess or for enlarging a hole you ve just made with it These are best suited to sheet metal usage Additional bits for drilling into metal include the spotting d
21. nted or soiled If you make this a habit you won t have to wait for the blades to stop spinning before putting your planer down Place the front of the baseplate against the end of the workpiece with the fence up against the side and switch the tool on Move it forwards guiding it with both hands AYA As you complete each pass let the planer run off the end of the workpiece Repeat until you reach the marked lines Some planers come with a groove in the base plate which allows you to chamfer edges at 45 Run the groove in the baseplate along the edge of the workpiece Mark guide lines on each face of the work and plane down to them 7 Power sanders BELT SANDER This uses a seamless loop of sandpaper and is best for the initial stages of sanding as it removes material rapidly That also makes it ideal tor shaping wood Be aware that it is an aggressive tool with a lot of power and can damage surfaces quickly Fitted with a different belt it can also be used for edging and linishing edge polishing glass metal and even masonry Release the tension lever for the rollers and fit a new belt over them ensuring that the direction of rotation is correct marked on the inside of the belt Also check the tracking adjustment to ensure that the belt is positioned correctly If it is not it will run off the rollers and damage the belt and machine 18 Switch the sander on and drive it over the surface y
22. or drilling into metal wood or plastic Handy hint Take your drill with you when shopping for a drill stand so you can make sure it fits in the clamp and you buy one that works with your drill If your drill didn t come with a case you ll need to get one to store it and your drill bits in Take the drill with you when buying the case so you can make sure everything fits securely in the case Most holes need to be drilled at right angles to the surface I If you have a good eye check from two angles against known verticals and horizontals such as a window frame s top and sides that you are holding the drill at more or less the right angle This is good enough for many drilling jobs p 2 For more accuracy hold the drill in position and stand a try square on the surface you are drilling into The drill bit should be parallel with the vertical blade of the try square DRILL STAND AND PRESS r A drill stand is bolted permanently to a workbench or can be clamped to a table with vice grips It features a vertical pillar with a sliding clamp on it into which you can dock your drill This turns it into a drill press Drill presses are designed for drilling accurate uniform holes at precise angles in wood metal or plastic This accuracy is important for jobs such as making dowelled joints or drilling the recesses in cabinet doors for spring loaded hinges SAFETY NOTE
23. ou are sanding making sure to move it with the grain if you re sanding wood Keep it moving all the time as it will remove too much material if left in one spot and you ll end up with an uneven surface Change to finer grade belts to achieve the finish you want Always clamp your workpiece for safety RANDOM ORBITAL SANDER This is used for sanding and smoothing wood plastic and metal surtaces It is most effective on large surfaces such as a table or door and is one of the simplest power tools to use It s designed to leave no scratch marks when used with a fine abrasive Belts sanders are best for aggressive stock removal Orbital sanders are best for medium to fine finishes Never hold a belt sander stationary or increase the pressure on it or you will create hollows in your work They are designed to operate efficiently under their own weight Attach the sandpaper disc so the holes in it and the backing pad are aligned e Run the handle of an old toothbrush over the belt while it is moving The friction will melt the plastic and any debris on the belt will then stick to it Cleaning a belt makes it last longer e After each use and before storing it clear the vents and clean the sander with an old paintbrush Clamp your belt sander to your workbench belt side up essentially upside down to create a mini grinder for sharpening blades and grinding chisels Fit the dust bag if
24. rill bit used for creating a pilot hole the core bit for enlarging an existing hole and the countersink bit for creating a countersink hole Additional bits for drilling into wood include the auger bit for drilling fast clean holes in softer woods the brad point bit which reduces the tendency of a twist drill bit to wander when starting a hole and the paddle or spade bit for drilling larger holes The masonry bit s tungsten carbide tip makes it easy to pick out trom the other bits in your toolbox Masonry bits are always used with hammer or impact drills and are necessary for home DIY projects such as hanging shelves a heavy mirror or pictures on an internal wall fixing a garden basket to a concrete beam or for installing outdoor lighting This very useful accessory for a drill basically consists of a cup shaped saw with a pilot bit in the centre for creating a pilot hole It is available in a large range of diameters and is ideal for cutting the holes in cupboards when plumbing in washing machines and dishwashers as well as the holes for door handles and taps Hole saws are also available with tungsten carbide points suitable for metal and tile cutting Wa j Fit the saw onto your drill Set the drill to a slow speed Place the tip of the pilot bit bang in the middle of where you want the hole and start the drill When the pilot bit reaches the right depth the saw will start cutting into the m
25. s or outdoors Always remember lefty loosey rightytighty i e turning a screw anti clockwise loosens it and turning it clockwise tightens it COACH SCREWS Designed for joining heavy timbers or metal and wood The hexagonal head can be tightened with a spanner or pliers The strength and durability of coach screws makes them ideal for outdoor turniture and structures jungle gyms swing chairs that get a lot of use 1 SELF TAPPING SCREWS P E These are designed for both drilling and tapping their own holes as they are screwed in HAMMER SCREWS Hammer screws also known as naikin anchors are sold as one with anchoring plugs After drilling a hole and hammering the screw and plug combination in you can then take out the screw if necessary to attach something to it Ideal for hanging heavy items on brick and plaster walls 12 Before driving a screw into wood it s advisable to drill a pilot hole for it using a bit smaller than the diameter of the screw This will ensure that the screw doesn t split the wood If you need to match screws to a fitting make sure their shanks are able to pass through the attachment holes in the fixture They should also be long enough to pass halfway through the material you are screwing them into unless the material is really thick in which case just make sure you use ones long enough to support the fixture
26. seful when working with a circular saw Never use blades not specified for an application Measure twice cut once it will save you a lot of heartache and materials Choose the right blade for Set the cutting depth If you re Clamp the workpiece to your the material you are cutting cutting right through something workbench and draw a line and always read and follow make sure the teeth of the where you want to cut it the manufacturer s operating blade project 3mm beyond the instructions material Holding the saw with both hands rest the front edge of the baseplate on the edge of the workpiece and align the narrow guide notch with your marked cutting line Start the saw and let it run up to full speed then move it forwards until the blade begins the cut Move the saw forwards slowly with the baseplate flat on the workpiece and the fence against its side if using one Iy Let the saw run out at the end of the cut before releasing the trigger Make sure the blade has stopped and the guard has sprung back into position before putting the saw down 22 MITRE SAW This comprises a circular blade on a movable arm attached to a baseplate The baseplate facilitates angled cuts Mitre saws make quick accurate short cuts and can be used on wood plastic and some light metals The saw is bolted or clamped to your worktable and the arm is used to move the blade down to your workpiece
27. uch as loosening or tightening bolts where you don t have the right size spanner as the jaws can be adjusted to fit either the nut or bolt STRAIGHT EDGE For DIY projects a metal straight edge is the norm It helps you draw arrow straight lines to follow when cutting or routing and also comes helpfully inscribed with a rule You could use a spirit level as a straight edge but then you won t have the benefit of being able to measure with it A very handy tool SPIRIT LEVEL A spirit level is an absolute essential for DIY home projects It helps you ensure that whatever you are working on is absolutely vertical or horizontal whether it be running electrical conduit up a wall hanging a picture putting up shelves or drawing a plumb line down your wall to guide you when painting or tiling 29 Multitool Dremel The multitool we chose was a Dremel Multi Max 8300 a cordless model with an oscillating action Designed for sanding grinding scraping and cutting it comes with a cutting scraping attachment a sanding grinding attachment and two rechargeable batteries all in a handy storage case With all those functions you don t need a sander and a saw just a Multi Max Loosen the clamping screw with the hex key to fit the sanding plate the clamping screw has to be removed tully for other accessories you just need to loosen it 30 Let the attachment do the work for you don t press too hard
28. your model has one or connect the sander to the hose of your vacuum cleaner using the adapter provided and switch the vacuum cleaner on Hold the disc on the surface you want to sand and switch on the power Keep the sander moving backwards and forwards over the surface Be prepared to switch discs as you go fo achieve the finish you want For example you might need to start with a coarse disc to remove an old finish followed by medium and then fine discs to create a perfectly smooth surface 20 CORNER OR DETAIL SANDER For sanding around corners and into small spaces where an orbital sander won t go Also know as a mouse sander some models have fingers and triangular sanding heads to get into hard to reach places Coarse 60 for removing paint and shaping your wood Medium 100 for sanding before repainting and for sanding without altering the shape Fine 150 for sanding before applying a finishing coat of varnish Very Fine 240 for smoothing a painted surface Extra Fine 320 for smoothing between undercoats Superfine 400 often used for wet sanding of varnish or lacquer for an ultra smooth finish Circular saw CIRCULAR SAW A hand held circular saw is the best choice for home DIY Clamp your workpiece to your workbench and move the saw over it to make the cut Circular saws dependent on model and blade fitted can cut wood metal bricks and stone A clamped guide is u
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