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USAmp for Windows User Manual

1. New clears the form to start working on a new cross section model Open selects and loads a pre existing cross section file from the data base Save Saves a file to a user selected file name Print enabled when a cross section file has been loaded and a system printer is available e Install selects and loads an installation file into the cross section model main panel area Allows to have two or more duct bank installations to be loaded into the same cross section model f Heat selects and loads an external heat source file into the cross section model Allows one or more external heat sources to be loaded into the same cross section model g Earth allows changes to the earth parameters when a cross section is loaded h Cable brings up the cable file index and allows viewing and editing the cable description files i Calc invokes the underground system calculation engine CalcAmp when a cross section has been loaded into the Main Panel Aerial invokes the overhead aerial installation editor and calculation engine USAmpAir USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmpt for Windows Users Manual Page 14 3 9 USAmpt Window Size Adjustment At the lower right hand corner of the screen is an object that looks like a pointer You may alter the size of the Window by placing the mouse cursor on this object When the mouse cursor is over the size
2. oaj aw amp e ec Fig 4 4 Click on Set All select the desired Master directory Click On Apply Then Click on OK USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmpt for Windows Users Manual Page 20 A Windows Explorer style directory tree will pop up allowing you to select the drive and master directory for the File Path as shown below Note that initially the Cancel and Apply buttons are active and the OK button is inactive When a particular file path has been set in the form click on the Apply button the Apply button will become inactive and the OK button will become active The file path will be locked in ONLY after clicking on OK 4 4 Notice to Users of USAMP DOS Versions Users of the USAMP or USAMP for DOS program may use existing data files from the DOS program file locations Use the File Path explorer to locate the master directory it is most likely to be C USAMP The file structures have not been changed from the DOS to the USAmp for Windows versions and therefore all data may be incorporated Please note the Cable Index now allows 180 character descriptions to be displayed when upgrading from the DOS version the first time that the Cable Index form will be viewed the data will look jumbled please remember to REINDEX the cable files to fix the problem 45 Creating A New Set of Data Directories USAmp for Windows will
3. s Sample Dala Fies 2 Pipa Type Cable Data Editor Coble Desciptio Edict Nen ize Typ Context Sensitive Help for 2 Crees Section Index Help Page USAmp instalation Echo Output of Resik e Aad Instalsjon Echo Aaris Ampacity Results Repolle Indar 2 Customer Supper About Box As you navigate USAmpt press FI for context sensitive help After A readina the help file click on the x at the top right comer of the help window to retum to the program E Fig 3 8 Context Sensitive Help 3 7 The About Box The About box allows the user to examine USAmp system information The About box shows a The program name b The version number and build date c The printer font in use This form also provides access to system information that may be necessary when calling USi for customer support H About USAmp For Windows EL c Fig 3 9 The About Box USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmpt for Windows Users Manual Page 13 3 8 The USAmpt Tool Bar The USAmp Tool Bar is located below the menu bar Note that items on the menu bar and on the tool bar become active when needed and grayed out when inactive In the sample below the Save Print and Calc buttons are inactive and therefore grayed out 5 gt i 8 m Print Install Heat Earth Cable Calc Aerial Fig 3 10 USAmp Tool Bar The button functions on the Tool Bar are
4. SAMPLE DATA FILE FOR DIRECT BURIED INSTA BATA 8 1058 AH THIS I5 A DUCT BANE IM SAMPLE CROSS SECT IVS S HUBS AM 2 pipi ce IAEN in comin beech SILI 41520PM HEHEREMCGRATH EX ZA amp X 1500 SELF esky TAM ZOUZ 1 2112 FH HEHEREMCGRATH EX zB 341500 k 3750 EEN Fig 6 1 Installation File Index Click on a file entry to highlight it You may now Single click on the Insert Button to place the installation in the cross section Single click on the Edit Button to bring the data into the Installation editor Single click on the Print Button to print a summary of the data in the file Single click on the Delete Button to erase the file Single click on the New Button to unload the index and load the Installation editor so you may create a new installation file USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmpt for Windows Users Manual Page 39 f Single click on the Close Button to close the form with no further activity Inserting an installation file or heat source into the Cross Section does not automatically create a cross section file It is suggested at this time to save your work Clicking on the Save button on the main panel toolbar brings up the Cross Section Index form as shown in Fig 5 1 Place the cursor on the File Name box and enter a new name for the cross section Click on Save to keep the data If you Click on Cancel the file is not saved and the Windows Banner shows that a temporary file is in t
5. USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmpt for Windows Users Manual Page 47 For a steam line you specify the steam temperature the outer diameter of the pipe and the thickness of any thermal insulation covering the pipe USAmp will compute the heat loss from the steam line and the effect on the ampacity or temperature of each cable Alternatively you may specify the heat loss from the steam line or other heat source and USAmp will compute the temperature of the heat source and the effect on the ampacity or temperature of each cable The external heat source parameters are as follows You may insert any text here to describe the heat source Outer Diameter The outer diameter of the steam pipe or other heat source Thickness of the pipe insulation Insulation RHO The insulation thermal resistivity RHO in C cm w The temperature in C indicated by C after the number or the heat Maanitud dissipation in watts per foot indicated by a number only agniruge For example 200C indicates 200 C temperature 105 indicates 105 watts foot USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmp for Windows Users Manual Page 48 7 0 7 1 Reports The Reports Index The reports index is loaded from Print Reports in the File menu The underground cross section file name or the aerial output file name the time and date and a brief description stored with the data file are displayed You may sort the files by clicking on one
6. Real Time Answers Integrated Solutions USAmp for Windows User Manual Version 3 0 2 5 and later c USi 1988 2002 All rights reserved September 2002 USAmpt for Windows Table of Contents Title Title NINININ WI NM O oO i Features of the USAmp for Windows Main Screen Windows Banner gt SSS O NIN os Windows Banner l O O1 CO 2 O AJ WO Co AAR WwW hM Notice to Users of USAMP DOS Versions Creating a New Set of Data Directories AJA oje Cross Section Files O1 O1 O1 C1 CQo N o How to Clear the Main Panel Editing Cross Section Parameters oa A Cable Design Data Entry oo ALA NI The Cable Index C EN w Reports Reports s O The Reports Index C1 P P 5 4 5 O C1 AB O O N How to Load a Cross Section File o Co Cable Design Data Entry Overview 6 6 1 os NIO ojo N 7 1 USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmpt for Windows Table of Contents Section Title CC 80 Calculations S 49 AAA 90 Selecting a Print Font S Oe USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmpt for Windows Users Manual Page 1 1 0 What is USAmp for Windows USAmp for Windows USAmp is Underground Systems Inc s newest cable ampacity analysis software package USAmp evolved from earlier DOS versions of USAmp and USAmp USAmp provides greater understanding of your existing cabl
7. Alternately a cable shown in a cross section may be edited by passing the cursor over the cable or duct As the cursor is placed over the cable a label with the cable ID number will be displayed Double click on the cable or occupied duct and the editor will be loaded with the cable data Help for the cable editor is available when you press F1 or click on Other Cables or Pipe Cables above Cable File Index Cable Index c usamp pemoc abi 20 DID D EU 3 gt SAMPLE L ATA i 220 5 3 SO Papar pou spect AEIC 10TH EDN VCBELTED 1 NEOPRENE JACKET 3201 15 3 H0 Paper PILC3S 15NJ Semple Cable Shisded VCE 15 V per AEIC 10TH Edition 32 2 19 XU Papa 15KV PER AEIC STH EDN 3203 1 3 BS Paper tul a 8 THIS IS A SAMPLE CABLE DATA FILE PER 11TH EDITION OF AEIC SF 3204 15 3 55D Pape rpul aft THIS I5 A SAMPLE CABLE DATA FILE PER 11TH EDITION OF amp EIC SF 4201 15 1 1000 XLFt pout here SANPLE CABLE AEIC TABLE B2 COLUNN B INSULATION WALL 4202 1 BS MFE PILC35 15NJ TEST CABLE SHELDED 3 C 15 KY FER AEIC 10TH EDH 6001 Lon 4 0 EPA Eri cd O This cable ID defines 6 single conductor urshielded insisted conductors in 6003 Lh oU 470 EPA Exi c40 This cable ID defines B single conducir wahieked insudeted conductor in 8801 Te 1 2000 HPLF AEIC C 5239 asm 23 1 D BAD 1 SAMPLE 345 PIPE CABLE 5STHEDITION OF AEIC CS2 SPECH 1 TEST FARI F FI F ENR HPF PER aFIrrsasn x Fig 5 13 The Cable File Index form USi 1988 2002 All R
8. PER 11TH EDITION OF AEIC SPECH FOR SOLID TYPE PAPER CABLE 50 3 You map edit the notes in this space Jacket Aho 500 gt AC Resistance Factors zi Skin fi Fra 2 Fig 5 15 Cable Editor Form with Details On You may edit the Detail parameters to customize your cable design The Detail Parameters are a b Operating Voltage line line voltage for continuous operation line ground voltage 5773 x value shown Conductor Diameter or V Gauge Depth for Sector conductors based on conductor size and stranding USAmp will reset this value when conductor size or strand type is changed Conductor Shield Type CB semi conducting paper carbon black used for paper taped cables Mpt metallized paper tape used for paper taped cables Xtr semi conducting material for extruded cables Conductor Shield Thickness the default value is based on AEIC specifications will appear Enter 0 for Unshielded Cables TAN d normal insulation power factor 96 INS TAN d emergency insulation power factor Yo USAmpt uses the normal insulation power factor TAN dn when the conductor temperature does not exceed the cable normal rated conductor temperature displayed see Max Rated Temperatures following Note The emergency insulation power factor is used when the conductor temperature exceeds the normal rated temperature USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmpt for Windows Users Manual Page 36 g
9. c 32MB of memory for Windows 95 or 64MB for Windows 98 and Windows NT4 all service packs 128 MB for Windows 2000 and Windows XP d 40MB of hard drive space including 20 MB on the default system drive for use during system installation e A CD ROM drive for program loading f Access to the Internet for updates from the USi support web site www usi power com support html g A monitor displaying at 800x600 or higher resolution h A mouse or other pointing device 22 Installing USAmp USAmp for Windows may be installed from an file downloaded from the USi Internet support site or from a Compact Disk CD In either case the installation has been automated through the use of the InstallShield program When installing from a CD place the disk in the drive and close the CD drawer The InstallShield program will start automatically and lead you through the process USAmp does not need to be installed into the drive and directory suggested by the InstallShield program you may use the Custom installation feature to change this Please note that a set of sample files will be installed on your C drive into the C USAMP DEMO directories Important note 1 Users of Windows NT4 should inform USI of the particular service pack employed because the Windows Installer program employed in NT4 Service Packs 3 to 5 is not compatible with the Windows Installer employed in Service Packs 6 and 6a we therefore need to provide t
10. ICEA for extruded cables or input the value in inches If one or more auxiliary ground wires are bundled with one or more single conductor cables or will be installed in the same duct or buried in contact with the cables input Grounds Awg Size Metal CU or AL thickness of insulation or covering over each ground None Aluminum interlocked armor or Steel interlocked armor If you are using an armored cable click on Set Armor Details and the Armor Details form will pop up for you to enter additional data Context sensitive help is available Press F1 for this window too When you finish editing the cable data click and want to see the Design Details click on View Details or press Control D to review or change cable details Click on Save As to save the data with a new ID or click on Save to write over the data saved with the old ID number More HELP USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmpt for Windows Users Manual Page 34 is available when Details is active 5 4 5 Pipe Type Cable Data Editor Form This cable editor creates data models for pipe type cables You may modify the cable description displayed or create a new cable description by editing the data on the cable edit screen If you need to create or edit any non Pipe Type cable file extruded or solid type paper or SCLF this requires a the Other Cable editor Using the USAmp main menu Click on Create then click on other Cables Alternate
11. Note If you double click on the background with no cross section file loaded into memory the following error message will be shown LE i xi Earth Parameters cannot be edited until an instalation is placed in the crass section Fig 3 3 Earth Parameters Warning Message 3 8 Windows Banner The Windows Banner is the blue color bar and shows the program name USAmp the name of the last cross section file loaded and the directory path to the file If there has been no cross section loaded the banner shows Untitled in the place of the cross section name Banner Menu Bar Fig 3 4 Windows Banner and Menu Bar USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmpt for Windows Users Manual Page 8 3 4 Menu Bar and Menus The Menu Bar is used to create modify and delete data and data files launch calculations and look at report output Most of the functions of the menu system can be performed using the mouse to point and click in the graphical window The main menu items and their sub menus are shown in the Fig 3 5 3 6 and 3 7 graphics and described in the following tables Fig 3 5 File Menu Selections 3 5 Explanation of the USAmp Menus The Menus are context sensitive which means that items become active only when the functions may be exercised An inactive function is shown as grayed out Only the active functions can be exercised This approach helps the user avoid utilization errors and carry out multiple ste
12. as a maximum conductor temperature or a peak daily current d Load amps or Temperature C Temperatures are input as a number followed by C currents are input as simply a number and percent as a number followed by Yo USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmpt for Windows Users Manual Page 43 An example of a load scenario for 2 circuits follows Suppose you need the normal rating at 90C and the 72 hour rating at 110C of circuit 1 while circuit 2 is carrying 400 amps peak The daily load factor for both circuits is 75 Prior to the 72 hour period circuit 1 carried a peak daily load of 60 of its normal 90C rating see lines 2 amp 3 of the tables below Also you need the 4 hour rating with constant load of circuit 1 starting with a peak current of 450 amps and 75 load factor while circuit 2 carries a peak of 400 amps 75 load factor before and during the transient see line 4 of the tables below Also short time emergency ratings of 20 minute and 15 minute duration for both circuits are required In each case both circuits are starting from 90C and the load is continuous during the transient see lines 5 amp 6 of the tables below Circuit 1 Time HR Load Factor Preload or Temp Load or Temp CONT Bo l oe 110C Aa X OC C O 130C 110C Circuit 2 CONT qe e 400 72 HOO COC a 130C 110C Note that the starting load for transient computations is assumed to have been conti
13. conductors etc are not covered by the specification Otherwise you may use any values for the parameters For 3 c belted cables the belt insulation will be selected according to the spec referenced The actual thickness of conductor and belt insulation can be input in place of referring to AEIC all dimensions input in inches USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmpt for Windows Users Manual Page 33 Select Metallic Shield Type from the drop down list by clicking on the arrow The choices are corrugated sheath LIC longitudinally applied overlapped corrugated shield longitudinally applied crimped round wires no metallic shield Table 5 2 Metallic Shield Types For 3 conductor cables this is the outer metallic shield or sheath For individual shield over each insulated conductor of a 3 c cable see help for cable DETAILS Choices for Shield Material are Lead lead CU copper AL aluminum S St stainless steel Input number of Shield wires or ribbons Input 1 for sheath or corrugated sheath or overlapped shield tape For sheaths input Thickness or for paper cables input AEIC USAmp selects proper thickness For Tapes or Ribbons input thickness a For Wires input diameter or Awg size b For ribbons straps input Width and Input depth of corrugation for corrugated sheaths or shields Select Jacket Type or None Input Jacket thickness as AEIC for Paper or SCLF cables
14. current loss of reference 1 are employed The mutual reactance Xm for cables in cradled configuration Eq 29 or triangular configuration Equation 28 is used to compute the circulating loss Eddy loss is reduced by the ratio Xn RS Xm USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmpt for Windows Users Manual Page 72 A 4 References 1 The Calculation of the Temperature Rise and Load Capability of Cable Systems J H Neher and M H McGrath AIEE Trans on Power Apparatus amp Systems vol 76 October 1957 2 Calculation of the Continuous Current Rating of Cables 100 load factor International Electrotechnical Commission IEC Publication No 287 1969 3 Current Ratings of Cables for Cyclic And Emergency Loads Working Group 02 Comm 21 of C I G R E International Conference on Large High Tension Electric Systems A S Brookes Chm Pt 1 published in Electra No 24 October 1972 4 Current Ratings of Cables for Cyclic and Emergency Loads Pt 2 Electra No 44 January 1976 5 The Transient Temperature Rise of Buried Cable Systems J H Neher IEEE Trans on Power Apparatus amp Systems vol 83 February 1964 6 Computer Method for the Calculation of the Response of Single core Cables to a Step Function Thermal Transient Working Group 02 Comm 21 of C I G R E Electra No 87 7 An Improved Approximate Technique for Calculating Cable Temperature Transients F C Van Wormer AIEE Tran
15. drawn ted Tree Answer Letepected ba aa Warring This computer pogam ix peotected by coppaght kwa and iterations tester Unaudhoewed reproductan ar detribulion of the program ot arty pofon of e ret Jei ust 2000 2001 2002 Fig 3 1 USAmp For Windows Opening Splash Screen 3 2 Features of the USAmp for Windows Main Screen The main screen appears when the Splash Screen disappears Windows Menu bes USAmp t For Windows Untitieg c usampbemo rase E ES ra nd Eck Create Placement Cozien edsiCak Hep D ae w cA msg s kl TE Pot Inza Host Esthi Cotte oc Aerial Tool Status EathArisent 25 5 25 Esth Aho 980 5 30 A Fig 3 2 USAmp Opening Main Screen USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmpt for Windows Users Manual Page 7 The USAmp main screen components are The Windows Banner blue bar at the top of the window The Menu A conventional menu system located on the Window menu bar Toolbar There is a convenient toolbar containing the most commonly used features Main Panel The main panel is the focus of your work It shows the installations and cross sections for underground cable systems e Status Bar The status bar displays the current earth ambient and earth rho settings on bottom row left side of Fig 3 2 These parameters can be modified using the menus or by double clicking on the dark gray back ground when a cross section has been loaded
16. eis the insulation dielectric constant USAmp selects typical values as follows o paper for Pipe Type or SCLF e 3 6 o PPLP for Pipe Type e 22 8 o PE and XLPE e 22 3 o EPR e 3 0 h rho is the insulation thermal resistivity C cm w effective value including conductor amp insulation shield material i insulation shield type CB semi conducting paper carbon black used for paper taped cables Mpt metallized paper tape used for paper taped cables Xtr semi conducting material for extruded cables j Ins Shld Thickness Default values appear for taped or extruded cables based on AEIC specs Enter 0 for Unshielded Cables For 3 C three conductor Cables only a Inner Shield Metal CU or AL b Inner shield thickness Metal tape over each individual insulated conductor c Binder type i Mpt metalized paper tape ii CB carbon black paper iii CU copper tape d Binder thickness default values are based on AEIC cable specifications For Pipe Type Cables Only a Shield tape lay length typical 1 1 8 lay length for 1 wide tape b Skid wire lay length typically each of 2 skid wires has 3 lay length Skid wires applied double start with 1 1 2 between adjacent skids For Non Pipe Type Cables Other a Outer metal shield lay length for wires and ribbons input either as ratio 10xD length 10 x mean shield diam or as length in inches If Calc is selected program chooses appropriate
17. emergency parameters for Paper Insulated AEIC cables Corrections to the selection of skin and proximity parameters for Paper Insulated AEIC cables and for Pipe Type cables The upper kV limit for Paper PILC type cables has been extended to 69kV from 46kV The user can now run calculations for specific installations without creating a new cross section file and without saving a new cross section file The program will create a report file in the REPORTS directory Note that the input data must be retreived from the Installation file index The tool bar menu has been refined when a calculation is requested from the menu the program no longer asks again about computing details only when starting the calculation from the command button An AEIC Params command was added to the cable editor screens This function recalculates all cable parameters based on the AEIC specifications See Cable Editor USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmpt for Windows Users Manual Page 76 Help for details The user can input custom parameters as with previous versions or use standard AEIC parameters The 3 0 2 2 to 3 0 2 3 update includes Oo The cable file index Cable Description was expanded to include the full text description of the cable Previously only the first 40 characters were displayed The REINDEX function must be used the first time this version is run to unscramble the cable file index screen All previous data is pre
18. in circular in k conversion factor Cin Ci Dis De De Dis De 23a Ci Ci Dis Dis Dc Dis Dc2 2 23b p 1 2In Dis De t Ds Dc 1 23c Ci ke Ds De 24a C k cs D Dis 24b Cj k D D 24c Ca 0 5 k ca Doa Daa 24d Cc Ci Cs Cj specific thermal capacitance of conductor insulation sheath and jacket and duct D diameter of conductor for 1 c cable or diameter of equivalent single conductor for 3 c cables computed per ref 3 Dis diameter over insulation shield for 1 c cable or diameter over binder under sheath for 3 c cables Ds and Dj are the diameters over sheath and jacket mean diameters for corrugated sheath cables C and G increased by corrugation factor 1 7 2 Direct Buried Cables and Pipe Type Cables A two section network is employed following references 3 and 4 C I G R E method Two networks one for short times and one for long times are evaluated The network with the higher attainment factor lower rating is utilized 1 8 External Transient Attainment Factors The attainment factor for the earth portion of the thermal circuit is computed per reference 3 based on the exponential integral function The self heating attainment factor for cable n at t hours is Ae n n t Ei D e n 16 t as Ei L n t ae 2 In 4 L n De n 25 8 The notation R or Rj etc has been used here in place of Ri n or Rj
19. in the File menu A window for will appear allowing you to select the desired font The default or last selected font will be displayed fs Printer Font Selection ae Select a Font Courier New re Font Looks Like This Fig 9 1 Font Selection Form To change a font click on the area beside the heading Select Font This box will allow you to select your font from a drop down list Click on APPLY to view the font Click on OK to save it in the startup file If at any time you want to see which font is in use click on the USAmp About selection which shows the current report font in use USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmpt for Windows Users Manual Page 53 10 Sample Data Files USAmp is supplied with several sample data files designed to familiarize you with the data structure and operation of the program From the file menu choose Open A list of files is displayed Use the scroll bar or type s to find the files starting with s Highlight one of the files Sample1 through Sample7 and double click on the desired file Each of these files contains one or more objects such as duct banks buried cables in a trench or a steam line Duct banks or directly buried cables appear as light gray rectangles representing concrete or backfill with one or more circles representing ducts or cables Cables are color coded yellow paper insulated white XLP or Poly insulated Orange EPR insulate
20. information 11 3 Aerial Ampacity Results The calculation results on this screen See Fig 46 are found in files stored in the USAmp Reports directory A more detailed output report can be accessed from the USAmp Main Menu Bar Click on File then Print Reports Select a file from the reports index and click on Print Note Report files can be viewed and printed using the Reports Print Preview menu selection This uses Microsoft Notepad to display the text report files USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmpt for Windows Users Manual Page 58 The output column headers on the screen are Solar Heat Watts ft second AC Conductor Resistance Ohms Ft x 10 R Ratio at Shield lRRatioatCondut Amps Rsd Hsa Thermal Resistance cable or conduit surface to C ft watt ambient air Thermal Resistance conductor to ambient C ft watt Table 11 1 these additional parameters are tabulated in the output report file only 11 4 Sample Aerial Input Files USAmp is shipped with the following sample input files Name No Cables configuration Conduit Riser gt its Default 3 triplexed oe SA SteelD 3 tipexed 5 steel horizontal dark surface Risers 3 tripexed b blakPVCver calriser RiserU 3 triplexed 5 6 x7 5 grey PVC U guard lFla W 3 flat spaced 5 none Table 11 2 spacing on centers The Default data set
21. n Ne n Ds a dT D5 b c n 11 where Tm 5 Tsp n Ty n i e temperature of air space in duct dT Tsn n Tun b For Pipe Type cables HPLF or HPGF with fluid 200psig nominal Rsa n Nc n A 1 B C Tm n Ds 11a D effective diameter at cable surface Ky D n Cables Kg 1 1 0 2 1 65 3 2 15 4 Ra n 00522 Nc n rhog In Doa Dia 12 Thermal resistance of duct wall or pipe coating rhog thermal resistivity of duct Dog duct o d or over pipe coating Dig duct or coating i d mean diameter for corrugated sheaths USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmpt for Windows Users Manual Page 66 Constants for air filled ducts or conduits in Eq 11 Duct Type a b Cc rhog Fibre 07 043 0014 480 PE 07 043 0014 350 PVC 07 043 0014 700 Transite 07 079 0016 200 Concrete 07 043 0014 0 Steel Conduit 07 121 0017 0 Constants for High Pressure Pipe Type Cables Eq 11a A B C Rhog HPGF 200psi N2 3 1 1 16 0065 100 Somastic 450 Extruded HPLF 200psi 0 84 0 0065 1 5 Thermal Resistance Earth R n 00522 rho N n Le n In 4 L n D In D De n 00522 rhoe rhos Ne n Gp Le n 13 Re n n 00522 rho Nc n In 4 L n De n 00522 rhoe rho Nc n Gp 14 rho earth native thermal resistivity beyond the concrete duct bank or trench backfill C cm watt rho thermal resistivity of concret
22. object the cursor will change to a slanted double arrow to change the window size depress the LEFT mouse button and drag the corner of the window to the desired location to change the size Fig 3 11 Resize Object on USAmp Main Window USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmp for Windows Users Manual Page 15 40 USAmpt Files and Data Structures 4 1 Data Directory Overview USAmpt incorporates data from various sources to create a computationally correct model of an underground cable installation cross section Figure 4 1 shows typical file data directories used in USAmp for Windows dj Pie Palb titig 1 E Fah te dita base Case Fisi remeOmece Sd kiri kala Fies usia ua fe aonoree Degen Fl eporti Biret Tite becin Fiii e haim Dera Bea Fig 4 1 USAmp Typical File Data Directory Structure There are four 4 input data file directories for describing Underground cross section models including a Cable Description Files b Installation Description Files c External Heat Source Description Files d Cross Section Description Files There are two 2 output file directories a Output Report Files b Export Files And there is one 1 directory for aerial cable input models USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmpt for Windows Users Manual Page 16 Cable Description Files USAmp provides data models for many types of cables including a extruded dielectric XL
23. of the 3 headers Click again to sort in reverse order Use the scroll bar to navigate through the list Highlight the desired file then click on Print Preview to view the file with Microsoft Notepad Click on close to unload the reports index Note Report files can also be viewed and printed using any program that reads text files such as Notepad Word or DOS Edit BAO 10056 AM Wee ita Pea BAE 2 798 04 PM TAE 1256 54 PM E 2E 2DDO 4 1408 Pa fo Dii DE3 Ded DIRECT PRA ORECT UCTS PRH MERE 1 202 Pe huct 1 FLAT CFEH WTF F200 11 24 48 FLAT 4 PRA TED 3 38 14 Pe HPLF230 PAH UE d 55 Pad bps AE PRIN ESRD AE Pea MH Eb SA Fata pei PSIH nar 1 15 a Pr AG DAS FIBEFILI PAH TIED 2 38 45 P SAMFLE PAH WAR 3 43 14 PH 5aMPLET TA Fae 81 57 Ai EA de F jp Fees rose gene Fig 7 1 Reports Index USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmpt for Windows Users Manual Page 49 8 0 Calculations 8 1 Overview Click the Calc Button on the Tool Bar to start the computations for under ground cross section or click on Calculations on the Menu Bar The program will ask a Do you want to save the cross section model that you are working on saving is optional b Do you want to have complete details in the output file Note Having answered the questions a timing window pops up to indicate that the computations are in process If you click on the timing window a message box pops up asking Do you
24. of the native earth The numerical error usually is not great This error did not affect the calculation for the case of more than one duct or directly buried cable or for the case where the native earth and the backfill resistivities are equal Other improvements include new code for handling exception conditions such as no printer assigned and write protected files Many diagnositic and corrective messages have been added to assist the user The interface now supports screen resizing Revision 3 0 2 5 adds a Print Preview function that incorporates the Microsoft NotePad text viewer for all reports The user can now view the textual output before committing to print Notepad also permits the user to annote the report and to save the report file to a new filename A MakeNew function was added to help the define a new set of empty data directories when handling multiple projects The cable editor s now permits viewing and operating on both design and details cable data parameters Non pipe type cables can be defined for design voltages less than 1kV Version 3 0 2 5 prints a graphical view of the cross section This User Manual is available for this revision Note The first time the version 3 0 2 5 is run FilePaths must be setup This is because changes have been made to the USAMP INI file which keeps track of the directory settings The 3 0 2 3 to 3 0 2 4 update includes o o Corrections to the selection of the Tan delta normal and
25. per phase of conductor loss Ri 7 insulation thermal resistance Rj 7 jacket thermal resistance Rsd surface of cable to inside duct wall Rd 7 duct wall thermal resistance Re earth at applicable loss factor Rtot 7 total thermal resistance with respect to conductor loss Lsf loss factor used to compute Re and Rtot 4 Attainment Factors Ai 7 internal attainment factor i e temperature rise from conductor to outside duct as fraction of steady state temperature rise Ae external attainment factor i e temperature rise from outside duct to ambient as fraction of steady state temp rise 5 Earth Thermal Resistance Matrix All elements of the matrix are computed at 100 loss factor The diagonal elements of the matrix are the self thermal resistances computed on a per phase basis i e temperature rise divided by watts per phase The off diagonal elements of the matrix are the mutual thermal resistances computed on a per total watts basis 6 Eo Open Circuit Shield or Sheath Voltage in volts per 1000 ft USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmpt for Windows Users Manual Page 62 A 3 Equations for Ampacity amp Temperature Rise for Multiple Circuits 1 0 For each loaded cable an equation is written for either a conductor temperature or b allowable conductor loss depending on whether a conductor current I n is known or b the maximum conductor temperature Tmax is specified The equa
26. program please contact Anthony Ernst Larry Fish Underground Systems Inc Underground Systems Inc Box 680 84 Business Park Drive Suite 109 Upton NY 11973 Armonk N Y 10504 631 344 2054 914 273 8727 FAX 631 345 5715 FAX 914 273 6909 Email ternst USi Power com Email lfish QUSi Power com USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmpt for Windows Users Manual Page 75 A 6 Software Update Record USAmp for Windows Version 3 0 2 5 is an authorized update to previous versions 3 0 1 3 0 2 2 and 3 0 2 4 The 3 0 2 5 update includes o o Oo Oo Revision 3 0 2 5 corrects a calculation error in the previous version which may affect the ampacity of closely spaced single conductor cables with continuous metallic sheaths or shields Losses due to eddy currents were neglected due to an error in version 3 0 2 4 This error could be significant for low resistance copper or aluminum sheaths and it is recommended that calculations for this type of cable be repeated The calculation of sheath circulating current losses was not affected Calculations for cables with wire or ribbon shields were not affected Versions previous to 3 0 2 4 did not have this error Revision 3 0 2 5 corrects a calculation error in previous versions for installations with one duct or one directly buried cable This error affects the calculation of the earth thermal resistance when the backfill or concrete thermal resistivity differs from that
27. summary report of the currently selected cable to the default printer The AEIC Params menu selection is used to recalculate various parameters on the Editor Form and reset them to book standard values Otherwise the values set into the various boxes on the form remain as set USAmp supplies default values for most inputs if no value has been provided Custom values can be used for the cable design parameters However the industry accepted values can be reinserted into the cable design data at any time by clicking on the AEIC Params menu selection This has the same effect as setting the insulation wall parameter to AEIC or AEICa for extruded cables or AEIC for the paper insulated cables Heavier insulation walls for extruded cables can be selected by choosing AEICb for the insulation wall parameter For older paper cables you must choose AEIC9 as the insulation wall parameter The View function is used to toggle the details screen on and off 5 4 4 Cable Editor Data Fields A cable ID number is displayed in the first data field This is the ID that was highlighted when the editor was invoked If no ID appears a Default cable description is shown Since the ID is assigned by USAmp you cannot edit this field A single click on the Cable ID field will bring up the Cable Index form and allow a different cable to be analyzed To close the Cable Index Form click on the CLOSE button not changes will be made Data fields may be edite
28. value Default values are 1 05 for wire shield with lay length 10xD 1 2 for corrugated shields 2 0 for overlapped tape 1 1 for crimped wires b Overlap for L C shield only input value in inches c Resistance factor increase in shield resistance due to corrugations or helical application d Jacket Rho C cm w Default values based on Jacket Type You may Input Yes for jacket type and input any Rho value here e Max Rated Temperature Normal and Emergency temperatures recommended based on AEIC Temperature Guide for Paper Cables or USi recommendation for Extruded Cables f AC Resistance Factors for Skin Effect and Proximity prox Effect Used in AC resistance calculation Default values selected based on strand type metal and insulation type You may change the values shown before saving the data You must confirm non default values before the data is saved Note changing the conductor or insulation type resets the resistance factors to the default USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmpt for Windows Users Manual Page 37 The following default values are recommended U t Ko D PE XLPE EPR Strand Type Copper Concentric Compressed Compact Round Compact Sector Compact Segmental Concentric Hollow Core Keystone Hollow Core Segmental Hollow Core Aluminum Concentric Compressed Compact Round Compact Sector Compact Segmental ConcentricHollowCore Keystone Hollow Core Segmental Hol
29. want to abort the computations If you answer Yes to the question the calculation stops THuSAme For Windows ABCD amp Demo Cross Pie Edit Cras Placement Csirulshons Amics Hep D B amp Fj bos Saw Print atal Heat Earth Cater Cake Aerial n 12 4 m vy E21 7E B Click on Calc Ser x Cake Time 5 Earth Amber 5 5 38 Ewih Fhe 50 5 30 a Figure 8 1 CalcAmp Timing In Process Indicator USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmp for Windows Users Manual Page 50 8 2 Spread Sheet View of Results When the Calculations are complete the spread sheet view of the results is shown T usamp For windows ABCD cA usamp Demo Cross 90 50 A 1 1 1 83 1 Cont 62 596 Yes 90 50 5 A 1 2 82 8 an Cont 62 596 Yes e 90 5 5 A 2 1 1 83 0 90 Cont 62 596 Yee c 90 50 5 amp 2 2 Oh 43 9 90 Cont 100 40 Yes G 90 50 5 A 3 3 lh 90 0 90 Cont 62 596 Yes T 0 50 5 A 1 1 1 70 2 75 cont 62 543 Yes A 90 50 5 A 1 2 1 69 8 75 cont 62 543 Yes B 90 50 5 A 2 1 1 69 8 75 Cont 62 543 Yes c 0 50 5 A 2 2 oh 36 4 Cont 1005 37 Yes G 90 50 5 A 3 3 ih 75 0 75 Cont 62 543 Yes T 90 50 5 A 1 1 1 99 9 11U 4 100 72B Yes A 90 50 5 A 1 2 zi 98 6 110 4 1003 72 Yee B 90 50 5 A 2 1 1 98 6 110 4 100 728 Yes c 90 59 5 A 2 2 Dh 39 3 90 4 1008 4B Yes c 90 50 5 A 3 3 lh 110 0 110 4 1003 728 Yes T 90 50 5 A 1 1 1 70 0 75 Cont 62 543 Yes A EIU 50 5 A 1 2 1 69 8 75 Con
30. 2 All Rights Reserved USAmpt for Windows Users Manual Page 46 6 6 Working with Heat Sources 6 6 1 The Heat Source Index The Heat Source Index is loaded when you click on Heat Source in the Edit or Placement menus The index lists previously saved heat source files If there are more files than fit in the window use the vertical scroll bar or type the first letter of a filename to scroll to it Click on any entry to highlight it Click on a Edit to revise the data you may save it as a new file b Delete to erase the data file c Newto define a new heat source d Insert to place the heat source in the current cross section The Heat Source Index is also loaded when you click on Save in the Heat Source Editor Previously saved files are displayed Supply a new name or an existing file name if you want to write over the data in that file 6 6 2 The External Heat Source Editor The Heat Source Editor is loaded when you click on a heat source in the cross section or when you click on Edit from the Heat Source Index fie Cot Cease Peenent Camara Astata Meb ANAE Dai JHEAT UP TO 40 CHAAACTERS HEAT SOURCE Dites Diener 4 inadai Thickness 1 Heat Source Spade ts 7 Megnis 1 DegwesCekcus YA Lom om oem me oom Heat Source Editor x D Futhinhet 268 5 25 Fath Fi I 5 fT Fig 6 6 External Heat Sources Edit the data to model a steam line or other external heat source
31. Calculations P including details with full input and output details in report Table 3 5 Calculation Menu USi T T TTE For Windows SAMPLE1 c Ausamp D Demo Cross File Edit Create Placement Calculations Edit Create Placement Calculations Aerial Calc Help Digildi amp pDiglal al gii Sq Aerial Cale Set Up New Open Save Print Install Heat Earth Aerial USi T T TTE For Windows SAMPLE1 c i usamp Demo tross File Edit Create Placement Calculations Aerial Calc Edit Create Placement Calculations Aerial Calc EA Oole lal ajl BlslFle New Open Save Print Install Heat S About USAmp For Windows Fig 3 7 Other Menu Selections ka Submenu Function Description Selection Selection p AERIAL CALC Opens the Aerial Calculation menu Edit Aerial Ede Loads the Aerial Data Editor Table 3 6 Aerial Calc Menu Menu Submenu Function Daseriation Selection Selection Unchon BescrHpio HELP Help Loads help file subsystem Shows the version number and build date for USAmp for About Windows Table 3 7 Help Menu USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmpt for Windows Users Manual Page 12 3 6 Help Functions Context Sensitive Help is available all the time Press on the F1 key to bring up the context sensitive help system as shown in next diagram ft USAmp for Windows USAmp for Windows c USI 1998 2002 All rights reserved
32. EPR e Single or 3 conductor paper lead cables 5 to 46 kV shielded or belted as covered by AEIC specifications e High pressure fluid filled pipe type cable with paper insulation 69 550 kV or LPP Laminated Paper Polypropylene insulation 138 kV to 750 kV e High pressure gas filled pipe type cable with paper insulation 69 138 kV e Self contained fluid filled cables 69 kV and up Input of cable designs is facilitated by a cable expert system The AEIC cable specifications are built in to the program The user inputs basic parameters insulation type number of conductors voltage rating shield and jacket type Then the program retrieves the standard dimensional features and calculation constants for the cable and displays them They may be edited on Screen to accommodate non standard features An optional company specification number may be included in the data set The cable data is assigned a unique cable ID and saved A search routine retrieves the design the next time it is required A printout of all cables in the database may be obtained sorted according to specification number voltage insulation type etc External Heat Sources Steam lines or other heat sources may be specified For steam lines the position temperature pipe diameter and thermal insulation are specified The program computes the heat flowing from the steam pipe and the resulting temperature rise at the location of each cable is factored in
33. Installation data file Cross Section files are found in the CrossV directory There is no particular structure to naming Cross Section files but such files names are limited to 15 characters Report Files The output of the USAmp program are Reports containing the analytical results of the modeling proves These results are saved on your hard drive as text files The Report files are found in the ReportsV directory The Report file name is the same as the cross section file name but with the PRN suffix Export Files The results data that you see displayed on the CalcAmp screen after completing the computations may be saved as Comma Separated Values CSV format files suitable for importing into a Microsoft Excel Spreadsheet program The CSV formatted files are found in the ExportV directory The exported file names are the same as the report file name but with the CSV suffix Aerial Cable Installation Files For aerial cable installations the aerial installation file contains all the data including a link to the selected cable file Sample Aerial Data Files are provided Examine the sample data files to get familiar with the data structures You may edit the sample files to create new files The Aerial Installation definition files are found in the AIRINP directory There is no particular structure to naming the Aerial Installation Files but such files names are limited to 12 characters 42 Setting File Paths Befor
34. P EPR Poly cables b solid type paper lead sheathed PILC cables c high pressure pipe type with paper or LPP insulation d self contained fluid filled cables with Paper or LPP insulation A cable file defines the constructional features of each cable or group of cables and ground wires For Pipe Type cables the cable file also defines the pipe and pipe coating parameters Cable construction descriptor files are found in the CABV directory The directory contains cable files and a cable index file called INDEX that is used to summarize the listing of cable constructions contained in the CAB directory The Cable File name is a group descriptor consisting of two 2 characters defined according to the common cable characteristics for that construction Individual cable constructions are defined as records within a cable file The range of two character Cable File Names are 00 through FF Each cable construction is provided a unique Cable ID is constructed as a group descriptor Cable File Name and a cable number from 01 to 99 a unique two 2 character addendum to the group number Hence a cable ID may be 1201 where 12 is the group identifier and 01 is the first cable in the group Cable numbers in each group are supplied sequentially Installation Description Files The installation descriptor files identify the characteristics of unique duct bank or buried cable arrangements The installation files
35. Rights Reserved USAmpt for Windows Users Manual Page 27 To View Data Without Editing Right click on the installation and select View Two data windows appear the installation data and the load data These cannot be edited but the layout is the same as the editor iis rage For Window NE Pope ny eer ree Be D Gote wen Cu fend Cok o gli si SARO 12 2 j E met THE A DUCT Bag IN SAMPLE CROIS SECT WABEBE TI EE LATLER ELLE ELE OCETLES Esta 5303 EST RROCRI I I o Fig 5 11 View Cross Section Information 5 4 Cable Design Data Entry 5 4 1 Overview There are two types of cables used within the context of the USAmp system each cable type has its own data editor they are a Pipe cables and b All Other Cables Other Cables include a extruded dielectric b solid paper and c self contained fluid filled cable types USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmpt for Windows Users Manual Page 28 T Usame fer Windows Unbitied cusamp emo Cross F e Ek Creme Prw feces tend Cole Helo Ewt dntent B55 Exh Ate 30 6 00 Fig 5 12 Click on Cable Icon to Bring up Cable Index The Cable Index shows a list of all defined cables Click on the Cable ICON as shown in Fig 5 12 go show the Cable Index 5 4 2 The Cable Index The Cable Index lists all the cables defined To view or edit one of the cable files highlight the entry and then click on Edit
36. ach installation may have one or more cable circuits 3 phase or 1 phase The location of each cable and its type and circuit identification are input in a graphical format The thermal resistivity of the duct bank or trench is also input The user gives the installation data a file name Each circuit described requires a set of load data also saved with the installation data This includes a maximum temperature and load factor for each rating and the starting temperature or loading for each transient rating For each circuit the bonding method for metallic shields or sheaths is indicated The program includes an expert system for cable designs The cable data is input interactively and the program assigns each cable a file number which is referenced in the installation file Features of the cable editor are described under CABLE DATA Computational output is sent to the screen and to a file for later printing or retrieval The output file may optionally contain the details of the computation such as temperatures of cable components and surroundings and the electrical and thermal parameters used to derive the results USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmpt for Windows Users Manual Page 2 Cable Data Expert System Each cable may be of a different type size and or voltage rating Included are e Single or 3 conductor extruded dielectric cables rated 600 V to 230 kV Maximum voltage depends on insulation type Polyethylene XLPE
37. anual Page 56 a b m n o Number of cables in contact 1 or 3 For banks of closely spaced horizontal cables or conduits a the number of columns 1 to 6 or greater b Number of rows 1 to 6 or greater Configuration single triplex flat or cradle if in conduit Conduit Type none PVC grey or black Polyethylene gray or black steel no covering steel Somastic or Extruded Covering Orientation Horizontal or Vertical Height in Feet for Vertical cables or conduits only Conduit ID any value Note for Pipe Type cables the pipe size is included with the cable data the conduit type should be none Conduit wall thickness may be any value Vented for vertical conduit installations non vented only U guard width may be any value for U shape riser conduits spacing of cables input either a asamultiple of cable or conduit diameter b axial spacing in inches Example A bank may have 3 columns and 2 rows O O O O O O for single cable input 1 x 1 surface emissivity of conduit or cable in free air If you choose calc USAmp selects appropriate value surface absorbtivity of conduit or cable in free air If you choose calc USAmp selects appropriate value shield connection s c short circuited or o c open circuited sheaths or metallic shields Ambient Conditions wind solar radiation and air ambient temperature USAmp will iterate on these values Input minimum step maximum value for eac
38. contain the location of each cable duct or pipe and identification of circuits phasing and cable designs The loading information for each circuit and the circuit and phase identification of each cable are included in the installation file The installation file includes the USAmp cable identifiers Cable ID s for 1 or more cable files Note that you cannot create an installation with out at least one Cable ID Steam lines and other external heat sources are described by external heat source files Installation Files are found in the INSTV directory There is no particular structure to naming Installation files but such files names are limited to 12 characters External Heat Source Files A heat source file defines the properties of an external heat source and is an optional input to the model Heat Source files are found in the ExternalV directory There is no particular structure to naming Heat Source External files but such files names are limited to 12 characters USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmpt for Windows Users Manual Page 17 Cross Section Files A cross section file combines 1 or more installations and external heat sources The cross section file data includes the file name for each installation the distance between installations earth ambient temperature native earth thermal resistivity note the thermal backfill or duct bank concrete thermal resistivity are included in each
39. ction File To load a Cross Section file into the main panel Cross Section editor highlight a Cross Section file by placing the mouse cursor over the file name and clicking once To load the file onto the form double click on the highlighted file name or click once on the Open Button USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmpt for Windows Users Manual Page 22 The cross section SAMPLE1 will be loaded as shown below TE usps For Windows SAMPLED c vusamp Demo rox Fle Ech Crete Placemert Cakdsrens MenslCs Hep D kh amp au Sample 1 2 crade wth ond conductor New Open 7c Prrt Naa Hest Earth Cable Cak Asna a 12 21 ES Esth Ambient 5 5 35 Each Aba 30 5 90 y Fig 5 2 Cross Section File SAMPLE1 Loaded into the Main Panel The USAmp program has been designed so that the identity each object on the Main Panel is shown when the mouse cursor is placed over it The file name and description of each object such as a duct bank direct buried cable installation steam line or cable will appear as the mouse cursor crosses the item 5 2 How to Clear the Main Panel To clear the Main Panel click on the New button When you click on New a pop up message will suggest that you save your work before clearing the panel You may click on Yes to save the file or No to proceed without saving C 2 This action will dear the main panel Do you want to save the cross secti
40. d a b C d Black Empty ducts or positions with no cables or unloaded cables Steam lines or other heat sources appear as a yellow circle surrounded by a gray circle representing a pipe surrounded by thermal insulation See the cross section editor and the installation editor for a description of the data SAMPLE1 is a single duct bank with 2 cable circuits and a ground conductor Double click on the light gray area and the data for this duct bank will be loaded SAMPLE2 contains the data for two duct banks and a steam line all thermally dependant Double click on any of these to load the data editor for the object SAMPLES is a direct buried cable trench which includes single phase URD type cables SAMPLE4 contains data for 2 pipe cable circuits in a single trench SAMPLES contains data for 2 pipe cable circuits in a single trench plus a duct bank with distribution cables SAMPLES is 6 1 c SCLF cables in a duct bank This is one of 2 examples from Appendix IV of the Neher amp McGrath paper SAMPLESGB is 6 1 c SCLF cables in a duct bank There are 2 circuits each with a different conductor size the 2 Neher amp McGrath example SAMPLET7 contains data for multi cable groups in the same duct USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmpt for Windows Users Manual Page 54 11 0 The Aerial Ampacity Program 11 1 Overview USAmp defines Aerial Cable installations of various types a One or mo
41. d Horizontal Spacing of ducts or cables on centers e Horizontal distance from side of duct bank to center of outside duct or from side of backfill to center of outside cable For Installations with 1 row of cables or ducts the Height of the duct bank or backfill is specified For installations with 1 column of cables or ducts the Width of the duct bank or backfill is specified Each cable or duct position has the following appearance HXXXX Where XXXX represents the Cable ID number YYYY Represents the Circuit and YYYY Phase USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmpt for Windows Users Manual Page 41 Input the Cable ID opposite sign using number and letter keys With the cursor in the in box opposite the sign click on Search to find an existing cable design Highlight the design and click on Insert The cable ID will be inserted in the installation Input Circuit ID opposite for each insulated cable Grounds are not numbered see example b following Input Phase Code for 1 cdr cables next to the circuit ID e Spaced cables in 3 phase circuit A B or C e 3cables in contact T trefoil K cradled or F for flat if direct buried e Single phase cable circuit with return current on concentric neutral S full return current or H 50 return current on shield e Separate Ground Conductor G no circuit number ground is in parallel with shorted shields Examples The fo
42. d Liquid Filled Rated Voltage and Voltage Levels are based on Industry specifications Rated voltages covered by specifications are as follows Solid Type Paper Paper gt 5 to 46kV Thermoplastic Polyethylene Poly 5 to 35kV Ethylene Propylene Rubber EPR 5 to 69kV Crosslinked Polyethylene XLP 5 to 138kV Self Contained Liquid Filled SCLF with paper tapes 69 to 500kV any voltage rating is accepted but user must input the insulation thickness outside of this range Voltage Levels accepted are 100 133 and 173 Belted or Shielded construction for 3 c cables or shielded for 1 c cables should be specified Belted cables have insulation covering each conductor and an outer layer of insulation over the three insulated conductors the belt Unshielded cables can be modeled using the Shielded type but specifying no conductor or insulation shield and no metallic shield Insulation thickness For Solid Type Paper cables conductor insulation can be specified per AEIC 10th or 11th or AEIC9 9th edition of the specification for paper cables for extruded cables per AEIC column A or AEICb column B of Table B1 of the latest edition of the appropriate AEIC specification When you click on AEIC Params the AEIC standard insulation thickness skin and proximity values and other insulation parameters will be inserted into the form A warning message will appear if the voltage conductor size number of
43. d either by clicking on the pull down arrow and selecting a value from the drop down list or clicking on the data field and if a blinking cursor appears typing in any appropriate value All dimensional quantities are in inches USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmpt for Windows Users Manual Page 31 The second data field is the optional Specification number You may input your company specification number for the cable in this field up to 10 characters alpha and or numeric or you may leave this field blank The specification number is also shown in the cable index and this column may be selected as a sort parameter on the Cable Index The next data field is the number of cables Multi cable groups such as 2 to 9 single conductor unshielded cables or multiple concentric neutral cables may be defined Three single conductor cables may also be defined by specifying 1 cable in the cable editor and the cable configuration T K or F in the installation Editor However if the 3 cable group is installed with ground wires you must input 3 for number of cables The next field is the number of conductors in each cable Valid choices are 1 or 3 Any appropriate conductor size can be input by typing in the value in KCMIL such as 1450 or 503 or the American Wire Gage AWG sizes 8 to 4 0 Note that industry specifications restrict the conductor size If you specify insulation thickness as AEIC an error message will appear if t
44. distance from cable n to image of cable k image of each cable is at a position above the earth s surface equal to the depth of the cable see ref 1 Fig 3 Note R k n is in C per watt per ft of total cable loss This term is multiplied by the number of conductors in each cable in order to compute the temperature rise at cable n due to cable k see para 1 2 above 1 7 Internal Transient Attainment Factor A 1 7 1 Cables in Duct For cables in duct a 3 section resistance capacitance network representation of the thermal circuit up to the outside of the duct is used This network is based on the work of Van Wormer ref 7 and the C I G R E transient method refs 3 and 4 The three section network is accurate for time periods of about 15 minutes and greater The internal attainment factor is then Aj 2 1 r 1 PO r 2 P r 3 PO 19 USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmpt for Windows Users Manual Page 68 where r 1 r 2 and r 3 are the ratios of R R2 and Rs to the total thermal resistance and p 1 p 2 and p 3 are the roots of a cubic equation formed from the resistance and capacitance values of the network whose values are R 20 5R C ft watt 20a R2 0 5R 20b R3 Qs Rj Rsa Qe Ra 20c C1 Ce p Cy watt hr C ft 21a C2 1 p C4 p Co 21b C3 1 p C2 C CO Q Ca Qe 21c Where C conductor thermal capacitance k c A 22 Ac total cross section of conductor s
45. dit Menu E Function Description Menu Selection CREATE Opens the Create menu Opens the Create a new Installation form and prompts the user for Installations set up information Pipe Type Cable Loads the cable editor for Pipe Type Cables Other Cables Loads the cable editor for paper lead extruded or SCLF cables Heat Sources Loads the Heat Source editor Table 3 3 Create Menu PLACEMENT Opens the Placement menu Insert Installation Loads Installation Index Chose file and click on Insert Insert Heat Source Loads Heat Source Index Chose file and click on Insert Remove Entry E a dialog box Choose which entry to remove from cross Brings up a dialog box Choose which entry to move in the cross section Enter the new position of the installation horizontal position Move Entry or heat source both horizontal and vertical position To move an installation vertically click on Edit entry See below Choose which entry to view The installation or heat source screens will be loaded The installation data including load data will be View Entry displayed in a separate pop up window but cannot be edited from here Chose entry to edit The installation or heat source editor will be Edit Entry loaded Table 3 4 Placement Menu USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmpt for Windows Users Manual Page 11 CALCULATION Opens the Calculations menu Run Calculations Iwithout details in output report Run
46. ditor for Non Pipe Type cables creates data files for all cable types except pipe type cables You may modify the cable description displayed or create a new cable description by editing the data on the cable edit screen The correct Cable Editor form Pipe Type or Other is loaded when you load a cable from the Cable Index To CREATE a Pipe Type Cable file click on Create then click on Pipe Type Cables as shown in Fig 3 5 Other Menu Selections Both cable editors have the same menu layout displayed on the top line The menu selections are a File New Open Save Save As Print and Close b AEIC Params c View Details The Cable Editor File menu is shown in Figure 5 14 USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmpt for Windows Users Manual Page 30 Fie AELIC Params Mew New On Oni OON AN ro aid Syre Co ai roto Save Ag E b mL es Chee wwe Std T Pape Insulation asana 165 gt Tre Mairi f The WidhiDenth Shee sun lo x ft zla 0S ula No dackst thk n s Bonde 0 m Z ams o x Iirmdz 00 Amo Tye Nore Sat Senor Datat Cable Notet THIS IS A SANPLE CABLE DATA FILE SPECN FOR SOLID TYPE PAPER CABI You may exi the moles n ihs space PER 11TH EDITION OF AEIC LE 0 5 50 Fig 5 14 Cable Editor File Menu The File functions are standard Windows style functions and use familiar Windows style dialog boxes The Print function will direct a
47. e 1 dTa n temp rise due to dielectric loss of cable n C dTa n Wa n Raa n 4 Rga n 0 5 R n R n Rsa n Ra n Re n n 5 Re n n is the earth self heating thermal resistance for constant load computed as described below dT n interference temperature rise at cable n i e temperature rise at the location of cable n due to all other cables C dT n SUM Ne k We k Qe k Lsr k Re k n Aio k Ae k n t Ne k Wa k Re k n 6 k 1 N k lt gt n the sum of the contributions of cables 1 to N except cable n where N is the total number of cables or cable groups L k is the loss factor of cable k Re k n is the mutual heating thermal resistance between cables k and n and A k n t is the mutual heating attainment factor for cables k and n at t hours computed per paras 1 5 and 1 6 below USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmpt for Windows Users Manual Page 64 dTe n SUM Wy i Re in 6a i 1 M i lt gt n the sum of the contributions of external heat sources 1 to M to the temperature rise at cable or heat source n dT n temperature rise at location of cable n due to preloads of all cables for transient ratings only C dTo n Wea n Rint n 1 Aio n t 7 Qeo N Reo n 1 Aig n t Ae n n t SUM Wea k Lefa k Qea k Ne k Re k n 1 Aia k Ae k n t k 1 N k lt gt n where the subscript refers to the load loss factor
48. e based on AEIC specifications Voltages covered are a HPLF Paper 69 to 500kV b HPLF LPP 138 to 765kV c HPGF Paper 69 to 138kV Note Voltage levels are 100 133 or 173 for pipe type cable 100 is almost always specified USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmp for Windows Users Manual Page 35 5 4 6 Cable Design Details Frame The Cable Editor form has two display modes Details Off and Details On When the form is first displayed the Details are Off To view the Detail information click on View Details or press Ctrl D The parameters shown in the Cable Design Details Frame are assigned by USAmp based on the values displayed on the left side of the cable edit window x Fie AEC Parore Yew Cable Paaneies Design Desis CabelD flan Spect ret a tt Dparaling Vokage 5 f we Conducto diameter pa x 1 ai wide amp Kemi Dene CU gt Concicer CA Shd Type s Thek mo 1S xj loo w sevet sus lad Peper desinens Imim n s i6 T X tanda Ya t 27 tho 600 Insulation Wall J165 ire Shid Type ce z Thek 05 Type Hatena ThekADia width Depth Shis Shy flesd i efx tes lx nen x No y Jacker Ike v Duba Matako Shaaid am af Iwa LayLenghe WA veisp e NA hala 00 Rsastancs Facio 1 0 gt Ame Typs Mane Sel Amer Del az Max Rated Temperaaes Cable Notes Norma 50 z t Ermeig 110 j ib THIS S A SAMPLE CABLE DATA FILE
49. e installation process Click on Setup and enter the USi provided password as required The remainder of the installation is the same as for the CD 23 USAmp Components USAmp for Windows consists of several software components each of which performs a specific function The components of USAMP are a USAmp The cross section editing program This is where you do most of your work within USAmp You use this program to enter new data or edit existing data b CalcAmp This program is the calculation engine that computes underground cable ampacities and ratings using the input modeling data c AmpAir This program is the calculation engine that computes the aerial cable ampacities and ratings using the input modeling data d Notepad The Microsoft Notepad program is integrated with USAmp as the principal viewer program that lets you open and view analysis results e A software driver for the Sentinel Pro hardware protection key is automatically installed registered and activated by the InstallShield installer Users who have protection keys for USi s USAMPLUS DOS version of the program will be able to use the same key with the new program f Sample data files are installed in the users C drive in the C USAmp Demo directory The sample data files provide an starting point to familiarize you with the operation of the program and may be used for training purposes g Various DLL s that the Windows Installer places in
50. e or trench backfill C cm watt G shape factor for trench or duct bank Gp In Laffe E Lo m 6 17 15 fb per equations 58 60 ref 1 Ly depth to center of duct bank or trench Nc n Number of conductors in cable n or cable group n Ls n 0 3 La n 0 7 L s n loss factor of cable 16 PE and PVC duct constants a b and c have not been measured Based on reference 3 the worst case constants have been chosen 7 Concrete duct is ductless duct i e hole in concrete duct structure Constants are assumed based on worst case of those measured in reference 3 USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmpt for Windows Users Manual Page 67 Lar n average load current peak load current for 24 hour period for cable n i e daily load factor D 1 02 24 aj 17 ae 104 rho earth thermal diffusivity in hr De n diameter where external portion of thermal circuit starts for duct installations De n Doa for direct buried cables De n Ke D n N n Ke 1 1 2 1 414 3 1 587 gt 3 g 1 t No n L n depth of cable n 1 6 Mutual heating interference thermal resistance Case A cable k and cable n in the same duct bank or trench Re k n 00522 rho In dkn dkn 00522 rho rho Gb 18a Case B cable k and cable n in separate duct banks or trenches Re k n 00522 rho In dkn dkn 18b where dkn distance from cable n to cable k dkn
51. e phase of 3 phase circuit T 3 phases in trefoil configuration K 3 phases in cradled configuration S single phase with 100 return in concentric neutral H single phase with 5096 current return in concentric neutral 3 3 phases in 3 c cable A complete analytical report including all the input parameters and a detailed cable description is stored in the Reports file which can be viewed using Print Preview and printed from the program Click on the Print Preview icon on the CalCamp toolbar to view the report using Microsoft Notepad or on the Printer icon to print Any output file can also be accessed from the USAmpt File Reports menu and can be viewed and printed from the Reports Index The file can also be viewed and printed using any program that reads text files such as Notepad Word or DOS Edit USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmpt for Windows Users Manual Page 52 9 0 Selecting a Print Font Font Selection is on the File Menu Fig 9 1 This selection allows the user to change the font used for the USAmp output reports The default font is a mono space font LUCIDA CONSOLE BOLD This is a standard font supplied with Microsoft Windows c operating systems This font was selected for best output appearance when used with Laser Printers The following additional font choices are available COURIER NEW monospace TAHOMA BOLD mono space and MONOTXT monospace To Change Fonts click on Font Select
52. e systems and allows you to make noticeable improvements to them while making your capital expenditures go further USAmp gives you the information you need to make informed decisions on managing your system USAmp a computes normal steady state and transient short time ampacities and temperatures of 1 or more cable circuits installed below ground in ducts pipes or directly buried b computes steady state ampacities for cables in free air or in conduits in air or in vertical risers c computes an ampacity corresponding to each circuit s maximum temperature and or a temperature corresponding to each circuit s load current See our Tutorial Section A 1 for an explanation of the Neher amp McGrath ampacity methodology and concepts such as the load cycle and allowable temperatures Also see Section A 2 for the equations used for the computations Overview of USAmp User Interface The user inputs data describing one or more cable installations Each installation describes one of the following a duct bank a group of directly buried cables surrounded by thermal backfill one or more pipe type cable circuits with thermal backfill or a steam line with thermal insulation The location of each installation is input to build up a cross section file that references the data for each installation The cross section is displayed graphically on the screen The earth ambient temperature and thermal resistivity are included in the data E
53. e using USAmp for the first time you must set the File Paths for your working data The File Paths option is selected from the File Menu as shown below To set the file paths click on the File Paths selection on the menu The file menu selections are USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmp for Windows Users Manual Page 18 Fig 4 2 File Path Selection from File Menu After clicking on File Paths the File Path Setting form shown below pops up E tecrathscttng Path to data bate Set al Cable Files c usamp DemoNCaby Browse instalation Fies e ucanp Demo NST Bwe Output Repost Files Je usanp DemoNHepors Browebe Coors Section Files fe ueanp Demo Ceare Brows Extenal Heat Source Files fe usanep Demo E stenah Browse USAmpia Data Fies Eang Deroin mws Expot Fiss fc usampi Demot E apat Browse Fig 4 3 File Path Setting Form USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmp for Windows Users Manual Page 19 The File Path Setting form shows the directory paths for the seven file types required to operate USAmp for Windows They are a The Cable File directory in this example shown as C usamp Demo Cab b The Installation File directory in this example shown as C usamp Demo INST c The Output Report Files directory in this example shown as C usamp Demo Reports d The Cross Section Files directory in this example shown as C usamp Demo Cro
54. ection file click on the Open Icon on the tool bar to expose the Cross Section Index form The Cross Section Index Form allows the user to carry out the functions shown on the buttons The Open button Loads the selected file into the Main Panel The Delete button deletes the highlighted cross section file The Print button prints the text details for the highlighted cross section a b C d The Cancel closes the Cross Section Index form with no further action TT usAmn t For Windows unetie d c usemp Derno Crmee eve Placsmert CwGdwires Kana Cs Hep de pe cr Usi Cross Section file Indes Cross Section index cusamplbemo ross MPLE CROSS SECTIO 8 2 2002 102204 AW H FILE BURIED CABLE 2 1 2002 1 67 13 PM CN 2 circus mah mind conducts SAMPLE2 PA 2002 11 5704 AM Sampe 2 2 duct barko steam lire SAMPLES 2 1 2002 1 28 10 PM SAMPLE CROSS SECTION FILE BURIED CABLE SAMPLE d 7 1 2002 4 12 42 PM 230 Ky HFLF PAPER 2 PIPE CABLE CIRCUITS SAMPLES 7 1 2002 3 46 04 PM 2 PIPE CABLE CIRCUITS amp DISTRIB DUCTS SAMPLES 7 1 2002 358 45 AM NEHER MCRRATH EX 24 6 1 0 63kV SELF SAMPLE5B 7 1 2002 1 21 25 PM NEHERRMCGARATH EX 28 UNEDUAL LOAD 6950LF SAMPLE 2292002 11 46 50AM MULTI UNSHIELDED AND CONC NEUTRAL IPHASE fi Hame AA Delete 5 om EathAmbent 265 25 Eath Rho 37 5 99 amp amp Fig 5 1 Cross Section File Index Form set to Load a Cross Se
55. ectric loss is computed as above but the diameter ratio is based on a cable with the same cross sectional area but with round conductors in accord with ref 1 2 2 3 Belted 3 c Cables Dielectric loss computed as above except the log ratio is replaced by the following based on reference 13 equation 18 Go 2475 In f 3 28a ay T b Des bi b T 28b c f 0 52 bi 1 7 b 3 84 28d fo a fy 1 28e 2 3 Shield Sheath Loss The term sheath in this section applies to the outer metallic sheath or shield consisting of wires ribbons overlapped tape or continuous sheath etc unless otherwise noted USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmpt for Windows Users Manual Page 70 2 3 1 Sheath Circulating Loss see 2 4 for Pipe Cable Shield Loss The voltages on open circuited sheaths and the circulating currents in short circuited sheaths were computed based on reference 9 All sheaths and ground conductors in an installation were considered including the sheaths of 3 c cables Single conductor cables will produce an e m f or voltage in all parallel sheaths the voltage produced by a 3 c cable on adjacent sheaths is small and has been neglected The open circuit voltages are given by Eo I X 29 where the quantities in brackets are complex matrices are the complex conductor currents and X are the mutual reactance j X n between conductors and sheaths of adjacent cables or adjacent ground co
56. en i e Main Panel When USAmp first starts a blank cross section with a dark gray background appears as shown in Fig 3 1 The cross section file contains the location and a file name for each cable installation and external heat source and the ambient temperature and earth thermal resistivity values The Installation Editor form is used to define each of the cable installations as shown in Fig 5 7 the Heat Source Editor is used to define external heat sources You use the Placement Menu selections to position each installation or Heat Source in the cross section pane To build a cross section Click on Installations or Heat Sources in the Placement menu or click on the Installation icon or heat source icon 6 2 The Installation Index The installation index is loaded when you click on the Install icon or click on nstallations in the Edit menu or nsert Installation in the Placement menu Use the scroll bar or type the first character of a file name to find a file You may sort the files by Name date Last Modified or the Description saved with the file by clicking on one of the column headers click again to Sort in reverse order E NIMEGSS5TIUAM 138 EV ANC 45 EV PIPE CARLES IN TRENCH 2007 10 23 35 AM 12 237 1584 Se Ad DUCT RAHE IN SAMPLE CROSS SECTION SABI 344 28 A4 DUCT RAHE IH SAMPLE CROSS SECTION 3 14 1853 R IOS PRA DUCT RANE PARALLEL TO FIFE CABLE ADUTE SAO 1710544 M DUCT RANE IH SAMPLE CROSS SECTION 1521893 1B OP AM
57. gind condactor New Cpen Seve Print Instelj Heet Earth Cable Cac Aenal 12 A X 48 Eaith Ambient 5 5 35 Bath Aho 80 5 S0 z Fig 6 4 Left Mouse Button is Held Down while Dragging Duct The location of the installation is highlighted on the scale when you click on the left mouse button and hold it down You may locate the installation in 1 increments To locate an installation at finer increments right click on it click on Move in the pop up box and then type in the exact location desired The depth of the installation is saved with the installation data To move the installation vertically double click on it to load the installation editor revise the depth re save the installation and close the file You may move a heat source both horizontally and vertically by clicking and dragging to within 1 increments You may move the heat source to any location by right clicking on it and typing in the horizontal and vertical location in the pop up box A previously saved cross section can be loaded in by clicking on Open in the File menu The cross section index appears and you select a file and click on Insert USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmpt for Windows Users Manual Page 45 ix AT installation Editar GUCTS1 cHwusampi Desa INST nelson Dust kioma Horizontal Distance Type F YE iD ji m Wal 250 Ff FFFFPEFFFsb FEE Fufu Fu a a rtr tur tutu tut tuu lu tul t e Hor
58. gns The cable editor now tests data from the cable editor against AEIC defaults when the user chooses AEIC AEIC3 or AEIC5 for the insulation wall parameter The 3 0 1 to 3 0 2 update included Oo Oo O The Pipe Cable Editor can save new cable IDs A REINDEX feature has been added to the Cable Index This rewrites the cable index each time a new ID is added or an ID has been deleted The reindex can be initialed from the Cable Index form Version 3 0 2 was validated for Windows 95 operation The program prompts the user for a cross section file name before running the calculation and the user can now abort the calculation USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved
59. h parameter Example Input 30 5 40 for ambient temperature Calculation will be done for 30 35 and 40 C Max Normal Conductor temperature C of transients input 0 to 5 USAmp does up to 5 emergency ratings for each normal rating For each emergency rating input a duration of emergency b For this version of USAmp you must input gt 120 A steady state emergency calculation will be done The time constant of all aerial installations is very short After a period of 2 hours or less the cable temperature will have reached steady state Future updates of USAmp will include short time transient calculations c preload input 10096 for steady state calculation d max temperature or emergency load current input a conductor temperature in C Future updates will include an option for input of current When you have edited the data click on a Save save data with current file name USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmp for Windows Users Manual Page 57 b Save As supply file name to save c Calc start calculations program will prompt you to input filename for input and output files You have the option get output without saving these files Calculation Reasta STOLL 07 4 TITI TA TIA LA JEPRELEPLEPPE a n o u D D n E iul P EDS Voor mue na c Fig 11 3 Aerial Cable Calculation Result Form Click On Aerial Reports for an explanation of the reported
60. he conductor is below the minimum size You may specify any combination of conductor size and insulation thickness in inches although it may not be a recommended construction The Cable Notes box allows information describing this cable design to be recorded Data Entry Notes 1 The editor accepts conductor sizes from 8 Awg to 4 0 Awg and 101 kcmil through 4000 kcmil Numbers 100 and greater are interpreted as KCMIL and numbers 8 through 1 and 1 0 through 4 0 as AWG sizes 2 Non numeric characters such as will be stripped For example 3 will be converted to 3 and entered as 3 AWG The following table shows metric and North American conductor standard sizes in bold and equivalents 1267 2250 1140 2000 1973 100 9 1776 900 1500 sd 1250 1 SH 1184 Jeo 1000 50 987 OH 900 AA amp 789 AAA 600 Jao 600 AA JA4 J Kcmil NA size 2500 1 1267 j 87 82 USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmpt for Windows Users Manual Page 32 Table 9 English Metric Cable Sizes Insulation types are Paper for Solid Type Paper PE for Thermoplastic Polyethylene XLPE for Cross linked Polyethylene EPR for Ethylene Propylene Rubber SCLF for Self Containe
61. he correct Installer for your particular service pack Important note 2 Corporate users employing Windows NT4 and Windows 2000 will need to have administrative privileges in order to install new software such as USAmp for Windows If you observe errors during the installation process they may be due to the fact that you do not have this privilege Please notify your Information Technology support group for assistance with the installation USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmpt for Windows Users Manual Page 4 Important note 3 The InstallShield program invokes the Microsoft Windows Installer program Please ensure that the hard drive which hosts the operating system directory which is Windows for Windows 9X and WINNT for Windows 2000 and XP has at least 20 MB extra space because the Windows Installer will create temporary files for the install process which it will delete when the installation finishes If you do not have enough space available the Windows Installer will not install the program When installing USAmp from the USi web site download the install file for version 3 0 2 5 the file is called USAmp3025 exe and make a note of the directory into which it is saved The download file has been compressed using WinZip Self Extractor program and it is password protected Please call or Email USi for the unlock password for the encrypted file When you receive the password proceed through th
62. he works as Untitled After saving your work double click on the new installation graphic to bring up the Installation Editor form as shown in Fig 5 7 and Fig 6 5 The horizontal distance is from a common reference point the left hand side of the form The vertical depth needs to be entered and defaults to 36 if not entered The distance and depth is automatically entered for an external heat source according to where the heat source has been placed on the form 6 3 The Installation Editor Form To enter the data for a new installation duct bank or group of buried cables click on Installation in the Create menu Input the number of columns and rows in the pop up window and click on OK to load the editor hari 29 2 29 Bath ho HO 5 UNI Fig 6 2 Installation Create A New Installation Procedure You may also edit an existing installation by clicking on an entry on the installation index However in this case you cannot change the number of rows or columns of ducts The cross sectional view of a trench or duct bank shows the location of each cable pipe or cable group and identification of circuits phasing and cable designs USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmpt for Windows Users Manual Page 40 The highlighted fields on the Installation Editor Form Fig 6 5 within the diagram can be edited Move from field to field by using the Tab or Shift Tab keys or click on any field to edit it Click on the arro
63. i ES Varisi n Xe a Foi redigi cpaced cables cable gouge c conduls Hairona nk t mme fr Pave fr Somes fio Guiana Ema mii ANE Ahit S SraekdConnection Cr praf Pal ft a fo E aea ma elo E sii Ee zm bere dem oremus meme oom Fig 11 2 Aerial Cable Installation Editor All the input data for aerial calculations is in this window including a the cable ID b the arrangement of cables c ambient conditions d cable surface constants e temperature limits The Default data set is loaded first You may edit this data and save it with a new name or you may click on Load and choose any other previously saved file Read the description of the sample aerial input files shipped with USAmp t To change the cable ID click on Select Cable to bring up the cable index See Fig 32 Search for the cable in the list then click on Select The cable ID number and a brief description will appear in the editor window To edit the remaining data fields a Click on the drop down arrow on the scroll bar and select a value from the drop down list or b Click on the data field and when a blinking cursor appears type in any appropriate value c Dimensions are in inches except where noted If a blinking cursor does not appear you must select a value from the list The inputs and valid choices are as follows USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmpt for Windows Users M
64. ights Reserved USAmpt for Windows Users Manual Page 29 The index lists all cable designs both pipe type and non pipe type The cable index functions are a reindex read all cable files in the directory and recreate the Cable File Index as displayed b edit open the selected cable description and load the correct Cable Editor form c delete delete the selected cable description d print print the selected cable description e print list print the cable file index f close close the form with no further action YS wa The files shown on the Cable Index form may be sorted according to a Cable ID assigned by USAmp b Voltage kV c Number of Conductors d Conductor Size e Cable Insulation Type Cable Type f Specification Number chosen by user g Cable description user input text YS wa To sort the list click on one of the column headings The list will be sorted by that column click again to sort in reverse order Use the scroll bar to browse the list or press a letter or number key to advance to the first entry starting with that character With a file highlighted click on one of the buttons to Edit Delete or Print the file Note The reindex button will recreate the cable index listing Use this when upgrading the software product or any time when you have reason to think that the cable index needs to be reset 5 4 3 The Cable Editor Forms The cable e
65. imiting value each day Load cycles are defined by the daily load factor the average load divided by the peak load during a 24 hour period USAmp accepts a daily load factor in and uses this to characterize the effect of the load variation A corresponding loss factor is defined which is the average load squared divided by the peak load squared For typical utility load cycles which are close to sinusoidal the loss factor has a well defined relationship to the load cycle USAmp displays the computed loss factor along with the ampacity and other computed quantities USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmpt for Windows Users Manual Page 61 A 2 Definition of Output Parameters 1 Temperatures Tc conductor Tsh shield Tm air in duct Tdw inside duct wall Tei Outside duct wall Ta ambient dTd dielectric temperature rise due to cables in each duct delTi temp rise due to cable losses in all other ducts including dielectric and PR loss delTe temperature rise due to external heat sources delTO temperature rise due to previous loading on all cables for transient case 2 Losses Wc conductor loss watts ft per phase Qs ratio shield conductor loss conductor loss Qe ratio conduit shield conductor loss conductor loss Wd dielectric loss watts ft per phase Wtot total loss per phase Rac conductor ac resistance microhms ft 3 Thermal resistances C watt ft
66. is loaded first You may edit this data and save it with a new name or you may click on Load and choose any other previously saved file See aerial input editor for details of input variables USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmp for Windows Users Manual Page 59 Appendix A USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmpt for Windows Users Manual Page 60 A 1 USAmp Tutorial Underground Cable Calculations USAmp computes normal ampacity and cable temperatures for insulated power cables using the Neher and McGrath method This method considers the daily load cycle of the current and considers the thermal capacitance of the surrounding earth as it affects the temperature response to the time varying load USAmp also computes short time ampacity considering the thermal capacitance of the cables and their surroundings Normal Ampacity Normal Ampacity is defined as the load current which results in the cable reaching the maximum allowable conductor temperature after continuous operation over a time sufficient to reach steady state For cables installed underground this time may be measured in weeks or months depending on the depth of burial and the soil thermal properties For time varying loads with typical utility load cycles the peak value of the daily load variation is the ampacity The time varying load with a peak value equal to the computed ampacity would cause the conductor temperature to reach its l
67. izontal Spacina 75 E 36 Vertical Depth i il a 3 Duct Diameter s JA Fs a tt Mi 75 Vertical e JA je ow Jom oam o oom o om Fig 6 5 Installation Editor Form Showing Spacing and Distance Parameters a el 65 How to Modify Earth Parameters The earth ambient temperature and native earth thermal resistivity RHO values are displayed and may be edited as shown in Fig 5 5 A range of values are given for each parameter For instance earth ambient temperatures from 20 to 40 in 10 degree steps are shown as Start Step and End calculations will be done for 20 30 and 40C Edit values by clicking on the arrow and selecting a value from the list or click on the data field and enter any appropriate numerical value These parameters apply to the cross section The backfill RHO or duct bank concrete RHO is specified in the installation file Each installation may have a different backfill RHO value Note The ambient temperature and earth RHO values are saved with the cross section file To maintain compatibility with previous USAmp versions these parameters which were previously saved with the Installation File are read in to the cross section when the first installation is loaded They may then be edited and will be saved with the cross section Subsequently loaded installations may have different earth parameters but these will be ignored USi 1988 200
68. llowing examples illustrate how to input some typical cable arrangements Example a This circuit has 3 cables and 2 circuits Circuit 1 2 cables per phase 3 x 1 c cables per duct triplexed 1201 1201 Circuit 2 1 x 3 c cable USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmpt for Windows Users Manual Page 42 Example c 1 circuit with 6 single conductor cables 2 per phase After specifying the cables and circuits click on the Load Button and you will be prompted to enter the number of transient calculations For every normal steady state calculation USAmp will do up to 5 transient calculations Enter 0 if you want only steady state calculations Click on the OK button A table appears with a page for each circuit number defined in the installation data Click on Next to advance to the next circuit and click on Prev to back up to the previous circuit br Cabe Loading Paranmielers Xj Cines Humber Shaidi Conmecton GE Fig 6 3 Cable Loading Parameters For each circuit the parameters are a Time in Hours for transient calculations only For steady state calculations the Time parameter is fixed as CONT for continuous i e daily peak load never changes b Load Factor The average daily load divided by the peak daily load For constant load input 100 c Preload in amps or starting temperature C The starting condition for the transient This may be input as a Yo of the Normal load or
69. loss ratios and temperatures etc prior to the transient i e due to the preload Ta ambient earth temperature C The following terms are computed per paragraph 2 below Rac n conductor a c resistance microhm ft Q n loss ratio conductor shield conductor of cable n Q n loss ratio conductor shield conduit conductor of cable n Wa n dielectric loss of cable n 1 3 Thermal Resistances Cable Insulation Thermal Resistance Ri n for I c cables Ri n 00522 rho log Dis Dc C ft watt 8 where D conductor diameter of cable n in Di diameter over insulation shield of cable n in rho thermal resistivity insulation of cable n C cm watt for 3 c cables Ri n 00522 rho G F 9 G per ref 2 for round conductors Appendix C3 for sector conductors para 8 1 2 5 USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmpt for Windows Users Manual Page 65 F per ref 2 for belted construction F 1 for shielded construction round conductors F per Appendix C4 sector conductors F per Appendix C5 Rn 00522 nk n rho In D Ds 10 rho thermal resistivity of cable n jacket C cm watt D diameter over shield or sheath of cable n Dj diameter over jacket of cable n nk n number of conductors in cable n 1 4 Thermal Resistances from Cable Surface to Duct or Pipe Cable Surface to id of pipe or duct a For cables in air filled ducts or conduits Rsa
70. low Core input conductor ID Program computes Skin effect factor N eo P O Wear Tamma sn IPs Skin 3 o e e ae CNN NN m m a 9 os o ao fos po Ho ps po Prox 08 08 06 06 08 A a jaaa wlolololo o Cc wlolololo ojojojo walalala eo c1 eo O w O Table 5 3 Cable Detail Settings Recommended For Pipe Type Cables only In Pipe Factor for a c resistance default value 1 5 Corrects for effect of magnetic steel pipe on conductor resistance inside pipe Input Shield Tape Material Choices are a CU Copper b Zinc Zinc Alloy c S S Stainless Steel Input number Thickness and Width of metallic shield tape A typical tape is 005 in thickness x 1 in wide The program will add a suitable thickness for non metallic tapes which are applied with the metal tape to provide a moisture seal Input Skid Wire Material choices are a CU Copper b Bras Brass c Bron Bronze d S S Stainless Steel e Zinc Zinc Alloy Input number thickness and width of skid wire s Typical pipe cables have 2 1 2 round skid wires applied each with a 3 lay length Lay length is specified in Details section USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmp for Windows Users Manual Page 38 6 0 Cross Section Editing 6 1 Editing Overview The cross section editor is the Main USAmp scre
71. ly click on Edit in the main menu click on Cables to see the cable index from which you may make your selection Highlight a pipe type cable entry these are cables with the Cable Type HPLF or HPGF and click on Edit Each Pipe Cable Data file ID specifies 3 single conductor cables and a pipe Any appropriate conductor size can be input by typing in the value in KCMIL such as 1450 or 503 or the American Wire Gage AWG sizes 2 0 to 4 0 Note that AEIC specifications restrict the conductor size If you specify insulation thickness as AEIC an error message will appear if the conductor is below the minimum size You may specify any combination of conductor size and insulation thickness in inches although it may not be a recommended construction Data Entry Notes 1 The Pipe Type cable editor accepts conductor sizes 3 0 4 0 and 250 though 4000 However there is a minimum conductor size limit depending on rated voltage in the AEIC specifications 2 Non numeric characters such as are stripped For example entering 3 0 will result in 3 0 being entered Conductor strand types select one are a CSeg Compact Segmental b CmpRd Compact Round c Conc Concentric Insulation types are a HPLF Paper High Pressure Liquid Filled Paper tape b HPLF LPP High Pressure Liquid Filled LPP Laminated Paper Polypropylene tape c HPGF Paper High Pressure Gas Filled Paper tape Rated Voltage and Voltage Level ar
72. n etc to denote the value for cable n USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmpt for Windows Users Manual Page 69 The mutual heating attainment factor for cables n and k at t hours is Ae k n t Ei dkn 4 t ae E d kn M4 t ae 2 In dan din 26 Where a is the earth thermal diffusivity see eqn 17 above The exponential integral E x is evaluated per ref 6 appendix 2 0 Loss Computations 2 1 Conductor Loss 2 1 1 Round Conductors Equations F1 through F5 of reference 11 and equation 24 of reference 1 were used to compute the ac resistance Rac n of round conductors 2 1 2 Sector Conductors The method of para 2 1 1 above was used except that the diameter and spacing of an equivalent round conductor cable were used to compute the proximity effect Yep in accord with reference 1 2 2 Dielectric Loss 2 2 1 Shielded 1 c or Multiple Conductor Cables with Round Conductors Wa 7 000106 F V E tand In Di Da 27 where F frequency V operating voltage to neutral E insulation dielectric constant tan d is the power factor which is varied based on values input from the cable design screen for conductor temperatures up to and including the cable rated conductor temperature tan d tan d For conductor temperatures above this value tan d tan de Des diameter over conductor shield D diameter over insulation 2 2 2 Shielded 3 c Cables with Sector Conductors The diel
73. nductors The sheath and ground currents are given by k LE Eol ZT 30 where E are the residual voltages around the loop i e sum of induced voltage and the voltage drop produced by the sheath currents flowing through the sheath impedances The impedances are Zs Rs n j X n 31 where R n are the sheath or ground resistances Since all residual voltages are equal and the sum of all sheath or ground currents is zero the currents can be derived from the above equation The sheath losses are Ws n b n Y Re n 32 The sheath loss ratios are Qs n 1 Ws n Wen n Rac 33 where W n is the sheath eddy loss computed per para 2 3 2 or 2 3 3 below 2 3 2 Sheath Eddy Loss of 1 c Cables Sheath eddy loss will occur in all cables with continuous metallic sheaths i e wire or ribbon shields have negligible eddy losses For each sheath the eddy loss is the sum of the loss produced by the net current conductor plus sheath or shield of all adjacent cables Equation 24 of reference 10 which takes the magnitude phase and distance of all adjacent cables into account was used to compute the eddy loss 2 3 3 Sheath Eddy Loss of 3 c Cables Sheath eddy loss for 3 c cables was computed per equation 31 of ref 1 USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmpt for Windows Users Manual Page 71 2 4 Pipe Type Cable Shield Loss Equation 27 for circulating loss and Equation 30 for eddy
74. nt Coldsions Grid Cok Hep O ei 3 Fiala amp 1 2 ortus mh gm oceducir Mew Pe ind Heat Enrih Cdse Cok faru 1 E Eat Abert 5 5 25 Eat Aha 30 5 0 Fig 5 8 Double Click on a Cable Image Double clicking on a cable image itself causes the Cable Editor Form to pop up Cable Pawe Cae RO spook J fi sjxh fro gt ano fco z os anatua B ozjwnfezjee fou za ene naan Wubbnwa f gt Tye Mys ot THAD Wik ah Mo ai z Bere zal z g o z Ide 0 deren Tyre Mone Sat Ama Datak Csble Kost SAMPLE CABLE FILE FOR BARE CONDUCTOR Eotharbere 10 3 Est Fix 305 Fig 5 9 Cable Editor Form USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmpt for Windows Users Manual Page 26 To Move an Installation or External Heat Source on the Main Panel Place the mouse cursor on any part of the duct bank installation Hold the left mouse button down and drag the mouse right or left to move the object left or right Since the data for the installation includes the depth you must edit the data to change this Place the cursor on a steam line Hold the left mouse button down and drag the mouse in any direction to move the object An external source object may be dragged left right up and down directions The Edit View Remove Move Menu Right click on the installation to see the pop up menu Sareh 2 cris wh prd conducir Fig 5 10 Pop Up Edit Move View menu USi 1988 2002 All
75. nuous i e steady state has been reached before the transient started Note also The load factor for the pre load is always the same as the load factor for the normal continuous rating When you place the first installation in the cross section you will be asked to supply the ambient temperature and native earth RHO values for the cross section as shown in Fig 23 Subsequently if you decide to change these parameters you may click on the dark gray background to bring up the Modify Earth Parameters window Note a Each installation has a backfill or concrete RHO parameter but there is only one value of native earth RHO for the cross section Note b An early version of USAmp that allows only one installation file includes the earth ambient parameters with the installation data These files are compatible with USAmp for Windows The ambient data is read in to the cross section file when these files are placed in the cross section as the first installation Note c The screen has a scale marked out in inches with divisions every 12 inches USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmpt for Windows Users Manual Page 44 6 4 Positioning an Installation on the Main Panel After loading an installation you may move it horizontally by clicking on the installation and dragging it sm For Windows SAMPLE1 c usampi Demo Cross File Ect Cese Aacemert Cscusuons dered Cake Heb D ow amp M 2 a LI Sample 1 2 cacuts vilh
76. on file before continuing 3 Fig 5 3 Dialog Box to Clear Main Panel USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmp for Windows Users Manual Page 23 Click on Yes to bring up the Cross Section Index form Either Save the file to an existing filename or create a new name in the File Name box bsi Cross Section File Index Cross Section index c usamp Demo Cross ABC 3 25 sais 1 2 cicu Jd conductor SAMPLE T BRZ 105516 AM Semele 1 2 creuit mih grd conductor SAMPLE 7 2002 115704 6M Samo 2 2 duct banks amp steam ine SAMPLE 3 6 2 2002 10 5804 AM SAMPLE CROSS SECTION FLE BURIED CABLE SAMPLES 717200241242 PM 230 Kv HPLEJPAPER 2 PIPE CABLE CIRCUITS SAMPLES TA P2002 3 35 04 FM 2 PIPE CABLE ORCUITS amp DISTAIB DUCTS SAMPLER B zrz002 105018 AM NEHERSNCGRATH EX 24 5X 1 C BEY SCLF SAMPLE RB 741 2002 1 21 26 FM NEHERSNCGRATH EX ZB UNEQUAL LOAD ESSCLF SAMPLE 7 T ZS 20K 11 46 50 AM MULTI UNSHIELDED AND CONC NEUTRAL 1 PHASE Fie Hane CD save Tanoa Fig 5 4 Cross Section File Index Form with Save Enabled 5 3 Editing Cross Section Parameters To Modify Ambient Parameters Double click on the dark gray background to cause the ambient parameter edit window to pop up Ti USt qr Foe suben SAMPLE ribasi en Cre ini xi Fie foe Creote Pecwwnet ana fencer Hp Cle U 3 z Fl olm B Bang 1 2 arcu wth gnd conduci fie Sae Fret freta Hast Carth Coole Cok Aerial i i 3 E tati Paramete
77. ower Cables Rated 5 through 69 kV 5th Edition A E I C Birmingham AL October 1987 USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmpt for Windows Users Manual Page 73 17 Specifications for Thermoplastic and Crosslinked Polyethylene Insulated Shielded Power Cables rated 5 through 35 kV 9th Edition A E I C Birmingham AL October 1987 18 Specifications for Crosslinked Polyethylene Insulated Shielded Power Cables Rated 46 through 138 kV 2nd Edition A E I C Birmingham AL October 1987 19 Specifications for Impregnated Paper Insulated Low and Medium Pressure Self Contained Liquid Filled Cable 8th Edition CS4 93 A E I C Birmingham AL January 1993 20 Specification for Impregnated Paper and Laminated Paper Polypropylene Insulated Cable High Pressure Pipe Type 5th Edition CS2 90 A E I C Birmingham AL 1990 USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmpt for Windows Users Manual Page 74 A5 Technical Support Authorized users can now download updates to USAmp for Windows from our Support web site The URL is http www usi power com support html The latest update file is called USAmp3025 The download file is password protected Users should download the file to their hard drives It is a self extracting ZIP file When the user clicks on the file name the self extractor program will request the password to be typed in After typing a valid password the USAmp for Windows installation program will
78. p functions in the correct sequences Menu Selection Function Description T EI T the File menu New s used to start a new cross section model lis used to start a new cross section model fle Shows the cross section file index and allows the selection of a file to Open load from the Index Close Close and save the current cross section file activity Grayed out when no cross section file has been loaded Save Save the current cross section file over writes the current filename Grayed out when no cross section k has been loaded Allows the user to specify a new file name for the current cross section file and to save data file to the new name Grayed out when no cross section file has been loaded Opens a dialog screen to specify the directory and sub directory File Paths locations for each type of input and output file New Data Folder Data Folder Allows the user to create a new set Allows the user to create a new set of blank USAmp data blank Allows the user to create a new set of blank USAmp data data Save As USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmp for Windows Users Manual Page 9 subdirectories Prints the cross section details for the currently displayed cross section Grayed out when no cross section file has been loaded or if the selected network printer is no accessible Print Cross Section Description Prints the graphical representation for the currently displayed cro
79. permit you to have many sets of data directories To create a new set of directories click on New Data Folder on the File Menu shown above A pop up window will request the drive on which to create the directory set tsi Enter the drive lor the new database Cancel Fig 4 5 Create as New Master drive and directory Suppose you wish to set up a new directory structure My Files on drive D To set up the directory structure enter the desired drive as D Then click on OK Next another pop up window will ask if you want to create a subdirectory under the selected root If you answer YES to this question a similar window will pop up requesting that you enter the Subdirectory name Enter My Files Click on OK and the program will create a set of BLANK Empty directories with the file paths D MyFiles Cab D MyFiles Cross D MyFiles Inst etc The Sub Directory names Cab Cross Inst etc may be changed if desired using Windows Explorer However it is recommended that the names supplied be used since these specify the type of files contained in each You may copy files from existing directories into the New Directories using the Windows Explorer program USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmpt for Windows Users Manual Page 21 5 0 Cross Section Files 5 1 How to Load a Cross Section File Having set up File Paths you are ready to work on a cross section To load an existing cross s
80. re cables in free air in contact or spaced b One or several spaced conduits with single or multiple cables in each conduit c Cables in a vertical riser 3 cables in a steel conduit or 1 or more cables in a non metallic conduit or U shaped riser guard d Pipe type cable in free air To enter data and run a calculation for an aerial installation click on Aerial in the main USAmp menu or the Aerial icon Click on Aerial Reports for an explanation of the reported information I usAe For windows Untitled comen Deere eme sInixi Eth Arbent 5 5 25 Em Aho 9 5 5 Fig 11 1 Click on Aerial to Start Overhead Editor 11 2 How to Set Up an Aerial Installation The Aerial Installation Editor shown in Fig 11 2 has several control buttons a The Open button is used to select an Aerial Installation to load into the form b The Save button saves the current work c The Save As button allows the user to change the current data file name and save it d The Calculate button initiates the ampacity calculations e The Done button closes the form and exits the program f The Select Cable button upper right hand corner of the form is used to load a new cable description file into the form USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmp for Windows Users Manual Page 55 wamp emo Anp WA Ebet ied EB em CU Paper inisin Sid 18 KV Find ped s ConigusiondT plot CondutTwe Fea iardaker Hee me ar
81. rs 1 g g e Eahzctiort 7 5 3 Eath Fha 30 5 80 Fig 5 5 Earth Parameter Editing Form USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmpt for Windows Users Manual Page 24 To Edit a Duct Bank direct buried cable installation or steam line Double click on the gray background duct bank or direct buried installation or the yellow circle steam line Alternately you may right click on the object and select Edit from the pop up window that appears Tisamp Fer wines SANPLEI samp Dens Cross Pie tdi Crete Piacewert Cacudstere Gara Cak Heip DIS amp KIFO E arie 1 2 otua mh gn doondudur Mee Pret raal Hex Esthicsble Cok hens L 12 M 4a amp b 7 Eathnisent 5 5 35 Est Abs 80 5 50 Fig 5 6 Double Click on Duct Section of Form Double clicking on the Duct Bank itself causes the Installation Editor Form to pop up SALES usan iem s B usana Fr Window amp mi 6 cw Ae te i Instat Fe giel d mds nmm N aa E PE LIUC Dexxp n THIS 5 A DUCT BANK IN SAMPLE CROSS SECT LU P CN E NN T4 T 45 f Amo 1 2 3 Eat tovbient 5 5 25 Eth Rho 315 90 Fig 5 7 Installation Editor Form USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmpt for Windows Users Manual Page 25 To Edit Cable Data Double click on a cable to load the cable editor TEI usacnps Fee Windows SAMPLES cousamp Dema Cross Fie Ed Cese Pixewe
82. run The previous version of USAmp for Windows must be removed before installing the update Run the installation the first time and choose REMOVE Then run the installation a second time and choose COMPLETE For users upgrading from USAMP or USAMP for DOS that version does not need to be removed Any data files that have been modified will be preserved when the previous Windows version is removed and the new installation completed The USi Technical Support staff is ready to help you with problems that you encounter when installing or using USAmp for Windows The Support staff will do its best to help you succeed When contacting Technical Support please be ready to provide the following information your name company name telephone and Fax numbers email address product name and version platform Win 95 NT etc 000000 Also please be prepared to describe the specific guestion or problem you are having and the steps reguired to reproduce a problem if applicable If you have a problem with unusual output or run time errors we suggest the following Re run the data set and request Calculation Details when prompted E mail the resulting output text file PRN contained in the Reports sub directory to ternst usi power com together with a brief description of what cable and installation you are attempting to model If you have any questions about the operation of USAmp or encounter any unexplained error messages in the
83. s on Power Apparatus amp Systems April 1955 8 Thermal Resistance Between Cables and a Surrounding Pipe or Duct Wall F H Buller and J H Neher AIEE Proceedings vol 69 1950 9 Sheath Currents Sheath Losses Induced Sheath Voltages and Apparent Conductor Impedances of Metal Sheathed Cables Carrying Alternating Current K W Miller Electrical Engineering Thesis University of Illinois Urbana 1929 10 Exact Equation for Calculation of Sheath Proximity Loss of Single Conductor Cables T Imai Proceedings of the IEEE vol 56 no 7 July 1968 11 Ampacities Including Effect of Shield Losses for Single conductor Solid dielectric Power Cable 15kV through 35kV Copper and Aluminum Conductors IPCEA NEMA Standards Publication March 1972 12 Power Cable Ampacities AIEE Publ S 135 1 IPCEA Publ P 14 426 1962 13 Cable Geometry and the Calculation of Current Carrying Capacity D M Simmons AIEE Trans on Power Apparatus and Systems vol 42 June 1923 14 Guide for the Application of AEIC Maximum Insulation Temperatures at the Conductor for Impregnated Paper Insulated Cables 2nd Edn Association of Edison Illuminating Companies A E I C New York April 1968 15 Solid Type Impregnated Paper Insulated Lead Covered Cable Specifications 9th Edition April 1954 10th Edition April 1968 and 11th Edition October 1990 A E I C Birmingham AL 16 Specifications for Ethylene Propylene Rubber Insulated Shielded P
84. served with no modifications Reorganized the file menus Now the file menu selection shows Select Printer which allows the user to pick any local or network printer for output A new Select Font feature was added to allow the user to select their preferred printer font Note that better results are produced with the mono space fonts Courier New and Lucida Console A setup file called Ampair ini was added to better manage the aerial cable selections Additions and improvements were made to the Help subsystem The 3 0 2 1 to 3 0 2 2 update included O O Added up to date release names copy right notices and dates in the about box The BIL calculation procedure for was added Improvements were made to process of assigning cable ID s and a diagnostic was added to trap and in some cases correct errors in the cable files The pipe cable editor and other cable editor now both have the same save and save as procedures The cable editor now handles the sign ahead of a wire size correctly Added titles and copy right notices to printed reports The insulation calculation procedure for HPGF cables was corrected The 3 0 2 to 3 0 2 1 update included o o A software bug was corrected that improperly created the new CablelD in version 3 0 2 Version 3 0 2 1 now creates correct Cable ID s Nine support files were added to the installation for use with the cable editor These files contain defaults dimensions for AEIC cable desi
85. ss e The Heat Source Files directory in this example shown as C usamp Demo External f The USAmpAir data files directory in this example shown as C usamp Demo AmpAir g The Export Files directory in this example shown as C usamp Demo Export A note about Directory Names The USAmp for Windows program permits the use of any name for the directories however it is preferable to use the default naming convention supplied 4 3 Changing the File Paths To set the file paths for the first time Click on the Set All button at the upper right hand corner of the File Path Setting form ED rie voth setting M 04 B rieron setn 8804 Path to data base Path to data base MEEN Cable Files Cable Files fe usan DemoVC ab Browse J c Susanne D emoVc ab Browse instalation Files Insialabon Fies Vutamp Deno UNS Th Browse J fe uname Demo YNSTS Browse J Ouipet Rapor Fates Ouipt Repent Fins fe usare Demo Reparts Browse fe usame Demo Repats Browse Coots Section Fiet ood Section Fiet c MusampND emo vCrasss Browse J c Nusamp ND emoVCrosss Browse J Extemal Heal Source Flies External Heal Source Fies c usamp DenoiE semah Browse J fe usare Demo E semah Browse J USAmpAs Data Fies USAmpAs Data Fies fe Musemp Demo Viurinp Browee ec Musemp D emo Viurlnp Browte Export Fies Export Fies fe Susp Demo Ee spati Browse fe usamp D emoNE pati Browse Sc LOCAL DISK v LIJWAINP CAB cross Lg EXPORT zl
86. ss section WSYWIG format Grayed out when no cross section file has been loaded or if the selected network printer is no accessible Print Cross Section Graphic Selects the printer for output May be a local or network printer USAmp uses the built in Windows printer drivers Grayed out when no cross section file has been loaded or if the selected network printer is no accessible Select a Font for reports We suggest using a mono space font such as pelept Font Lucida Console Loads the report file index and allows the selection of a report file to print or print preview Print Preview loads Microsoft Notepad for viewing the selected report file Select Printer Print Reports Exit Close any open files and exits the program Table 3 1 File Menu Items Fig 3 6 Other Menu Selections USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmp for Windows Users Manual Page 10 Menu Selection Function Description EDIT Opens the Edit menu Earth Parameters Revise earth ambient temperature and thermal resistivity Cables loads the Cable File Index Select any cable file Choose to edit print or delete the file or print the list of cables files Installati loads installation file index Select file to edit print delete or insert in current Tota eta cross section loads heat source file index Select file to edit print delete or insert in current Heat Sources cross section Table 3 2 E
87. t 624 543 Yes B 0 50 5 A 2 1 1 69 8 75 cont 62 543 Yes c 90 50 5 A 2 2 0h 36 4 cont 100 37 Yes G 90 50 5 A 3 3 1h 75 0 75 Cont 624 543 Yes T 90 50 5 A 1 1 1 99 5 110 12 1003 694 Yes A 90 50 5 A 1 2 1 98 6 1 10 12 1005 694 Yes B 90 5 5 A 2 1 1 96 4 110 12 100 694 Yes nl Figure 8 2 CalcAmp Spread Sheet Results Presentation There is a Tool Bar with four buttons a A Close Button that terminates the computation session b An Export Button that stores the spread sheet format of the calculation results in a Comma Separated Value file suitable for input to an Excel Spread Sheet program c A Print Button that sends the complete text report to the designated system printer d A Print Preview Button that allows you to view the text report on screen before printing USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmpt for Windows Users Manual The output column headers are zs Ambient Earth Temperature Installation Row Column D c e alc Conductor temperature C i Duration of Load CS oss f Daily Loss Factor sd mps Current CYA C Short Circuit Shields Y Table 8 1 2 3 ES JE m ES ra 8 9 installations labeled A B Phase of this cable or cable group Page 51 Header__ Definition CT nits Native Earth Thermal Resistivity C cm watt Backfill Thermal Resistivity C cm watt Se i Circuit Number I PoC A B C singl
88. ted cable or group of cables in contact USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmpt for Windows Users Manual Page 63 1 2 Terms in equations 1a through 1d are defined as follows R a n total thermal resistance conductor n to ambient earth C watt ft of single conductor Rea Rint n Ai n t Q n Re n Ai n t Ae n n t 2 Rint n is the internal thermal resistance conductor to outside of cable or duct for cable n and Re n is the external or earth self heating thermal resistance for cable n including concrete or trench backfill for cyclic load Rint Ri n Qs n R n Rsa n Qe n Ra n 3 The terms on the right are the thermal resistance of insulation R n jacket Rj n cable surface to duct Rsa n and duct Rg n The factors Q n and Q n adjust the thermal resistance for the additional losses in shields or conduits in accord with ref 1 and are computed per paragraph 2 below The factor Aj n t is the internal attainment factor for cable n at t hours the ratio of the temperature rise after t hours to the steady state temperature rise from conductor to the outside of duct or direct buried cable i e earth interface The factor A n n t is the external selFheating attainment factor for cable n after t hours ratio of the temperature rise in the earth after t hours to the steady state temperature rise at cable n due to its own losses For steady state ratings these factors ar
89. the Window operating directory USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmp for Windows Users Manual Page 5 24 Starting USAMP for the first time There are two ways to start the program Method number one is to click the USAmp ICON placed on your Windows Desktop by the InstallShield program Fig 2 1 USAmp Desktop Icon Alternatively follow these steps a Click on your computer s Start button b Click on Programs c Click on USAMP for Windows 25 The Hardware Protection Key After having successfully installed USAmp you must install the Hardware Protection Key provided onto the Printer Port of your computer in order to run USAmp for Windows If you try to run the program without the key present the following error messages will be produced LI xi Warming A Protection Key is required Call USi for Authentic Licensing Fig 2 2 USAmp Protection Key Warning Message Click the OK button the next message appears usamo 0 The session is now terminating E Fig 2 3 USAmp Program Termination Message Please install the protection key to avoid this error USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmpt for Windows Users Manual Page 6 3 0 Using USAmp for Windows 3 1 The Welcome Splash Screen When you click on the USAmp desktop ICON and the hardware protection key is installed the Splash Screen show for a few seconds then the main screen User Interface screen is
90. tions are solved iteratively until all conductor temperatures and conductor loss values converge 1 1 The following equations apply to both steady state and transient ratings Terms which are temperature dependent such as conductor a c resistance and thermal resistance between cable and duct wall are adjusted as required on each iteration For case a the conductor temperature of cable n in C is T n W n Rea n dTa n dTi n dTo n dTe n Ta 1a where W n P n Rac n conductor loss is in kiloamps and Rac n conductor ac resistance in microhms ft for cable n For case b the conductor loss per phase is W c n T n dTa n dTi n dTa n dTe n Ta Rca n 1b where T N Tmax n We n Rac n Y T n is first assumed Tmax for each cable belonging to a circuit Then the minimum value of W n and the corresponding I n used to compute the temperatures for the other cables of the circuit For external heat sources the equations are Wy n Ty n dTi n d To n dTe n Ta Ry Re n n 1c Ty n dT n dTe n dTo n Wy n Ry Re n n Ta 1d where Wy watts flowing from external heat source Ry thermal resistance of pipe insulation or duct wall T n temperature of pipe for steam line or temperature of duct id for cable s in duct or earth interface temperature for direct buried cable system in this context cable can be either a single isola
91. to the ratings Alternatively the program accepts the watts loss from a cable or pipe which is used to determine the interference temperature rise and derating of the other cables Computational Methodology The program uses the Neher amp McGrath AIEE P A S Oct 1957 methodology for steady state ratings and Neher IEEE P A S Feb 1964 for transient ratings This is consistent with IEC 287 ratings for 100 load factor and with the C I G R E method for transient ratings Electra Oct 1972 and Jan 1976 Also computes sheath losses for any arrangement and phasing of cables and for unequal currents See Section A 3 of this manual for the equations used New Features New features in USAmp For Windows are e anew graphic interface with CAD style drop and drag placement of cross sections and heat sources point and click editing Output to EXCEL compatible CSV files Multiple working directories for separate projects Printing via network printers USi 1988 2002 All Rights Reserved USAmpt for Windows Users Manual Page 3 20 Installation and Start Up for the First Time This section explains how to get USAmp up and running for the first time 21 Computer Requirements The USAmp for Windows software package runs on computers equipped with a Microsoft Windows O operating system a Windows 95 Windows 98 Windows ME Windows NT 4 0 Windows 2000 or Windows XP An Intel Pentium 133 or higher speed processor
92. w and choose a value in the drop down list or click in the field and type in any appropriate value The data fields are a Fill Rho the Thermal Resistivity in C cm watt of the concrete surrounding the ducts or the thermal backfill surrounding directly buried cables Description Optional text which describes this installation The text will appear in the installation index c Duct type choose an entry from the drop down list The choices are b e PVC e Polyethylene e Fiber e Transite e Concr concrete ductless duct e Steel e Dirct direct buried cable no duct e HP PT High Pressure Pipe Type steel pipe dimensions included in cable file d LD the duct inner diameter This is not used for HP PT pipe diameter is included in cable data e Wall duct wall thickness Not used for Concrete duct or HP PT pipe thickness is included in cable data The arrangement of ducts or cables is assumed to be symmetrical However not all duct positions need be occupied Empty ducts or cable positions are treated as filled with concrete or backfill material The dimensions are a Depth below earth s surface top of duct bank or backfill b Vertical distance from top of duct bank to center of top duct or from top of backfill to center of directly buried cable c Vertical Spacing of ducts or cables on centers For Installations with 1 row of cables or ducts the Height of the duct bank or backfill is specifie

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