Manual - Gaspar Espiell web. Gas turbine engines for model aircraft
Contents
1. ae a rE UN PLS PS SE tability delay too Tow Increase the Stability delay With a value of 50 the engine must run without problems FADEC Autostart User s Manual V1 1 24 01 03 7 7 10 3 Acceleration Problem 10 3 1 An external change to the FADEC in the circuit of fuel supply has taken place from the last Wait until the engine accelerates to the maximum power Then lower the power slowly with the throttle stick When changing quickly the throttle from idle to full power normal start stop cycle as it can be the change of pump change of the number of until idle and raise it slowly until the maximum power 2 or 3 times with the intention of which the FADEC can the engine accelerates quickly until an intermediate point elements of the battery or change in the engine The internally stored data do not agree find the data of all the margin of operation Each movement must last like 10s minimum Once this is done and later the power raises slowly until arriving at the with the real ones reason why the FADEC must find the new values verify that with fast movements of stick the engine responds immediately Stop the engine lowering the trim of maximum power the radio so that the FADEC keeps the new data in the permanent memory 10 3 2 The value of acceleration delay is excessive Lower the delay The habitual value oscillates between 20 and 60 in a standard engine Too slow acceleration The exhaust temperature is very high or the ma2. pump start point if necessary to have the lowest flow and that the pump start each time Once the pump is started and the engine is running in fuel it takes too The fuel Start Ramp value is too low Once the pump is started an the engine is running in fuel the exhaust The fuel Start Ramp value is too high or weak starter motor ower the start ramp value temperature is excessive Once the pump is started an the engine is running in fuel the exhaust Too low top RPM of the starter motor and it cannot push the Change starter check the clutch for friction use a higher voltage battery temperature is excessive and the engine doesn t arrive at idle engine to self above to self sustain When the engine arrives at idle the system changes to automatic The fuel Start Ramp value is too high ower the start ramp value mode extinguishing the LED but the speed is higher than the programmed lowering slowly until arriving at idle 10 2 Running Problems Ca SH 10 2 1 Maximum speed badly fit Verify the Maximum speed and readjust it The engine does not reach the maximum power Battery of the pump empty or with too low cells defective or insufficient pump defective Verify the indicator of power of the pump in the HDT If it indicates 1000 check the pump battery tubes plumbing including the fuel injectors inside the turbine obstructed 10 2 2 Instability of the power at medium and and low power
3. parameter that is added to the ramp value for each rpm sector For example if the rpm points are set to 16 000 and 30 000 RPM the ramp1 at 3 ramp2 at 1 ramp3 at 4 and the pump start ramp at 2 then the real fuel ramp applied from 0 to 16 000 will be ramp1 pump start ramp 3 2 5 From 16 000 to 30 000 will be ramp2 pump start ramp 1 2 3 and from 30 000 to idle ramp3 pump start ramp 4 2 6 Adding the pump start ramp parameter to all values allow at the operator to modify the whole start time without modifying the manufacturer parameters Starting the engine Ensure your engine operates correctly before attempting full auto start operation You can run the engine using the Autostart ECU in manual mode by hand starting the engine ie with a wand or remote starter after setting the ECU to Ready Keep the magnetic RPM pickup clear of stray magnetic sources such as fuel pump solenoid valves glow plug wire or servo s as the magnetic field generated can upset the rpm reading Ensure your starter operates smoothly and without sticking You should be able to attain at least 15 000rpm cold and 30 000 rpm during the engine starting Ensure your glow plug element is well teased out to ensure prompt gas ignition A restrictor is required to set and control the flow rate of the starter gas Gas supplies must be gas only dip tube liquid feed types are not suitable Propane Butane mixtures work
4. 7 2to15 7 2 2 16 2 17 35 18 4 19 2 0 1 100 C 2 OFFSTEMP Temperature sensor offset calibration This value is subtracted from the one read on the IFADEC Changes only are read after reset Factory set do not change PT Not Used Volts 0 06 LowBat Mininimum battery voltage in start phase If the battery voltage falls below this value the start is aborted and lowBatt message displayed Only in start phase in runni ng phase the engine is kept running until the battery is empty Value Desired cut voltage multiplied by 100 and divided by 6 Rpm 1000 RPMINICI Minimum safe rpm in the fuel ramp phase Lower RPM than this value than this will abort the sequence 0to255 POWERSTA Starter power in the ignition phase Real power is full power this value 255 Rpm 1000 RPMIGN Rpm where the starter is switched off in the ignition phase Rpm 1000 RPMSTOGA Rpm where the starter is reconnected in the ignition phase Sec 2 o eian time Time from when the ignition is detected and the fuel ramp is launched Sec TEMSTAR Start sequence maximum time not operative in the current release 5 7 22 100 C 4 T_STOP_G Start gas switch off temperature Real temperature is this value multiplied by 4 0 to 255 POWSTIR Starter power at the beginning of the fuel ramp Real power is full power this value 255 Rpm 1000 RPMERAM RPM where the starter power arrive at 100 Rpm 1000 RPM1TRA First Rom point in the fuel ramp
5. glow plug power Glow plug temperature independent of the battery voltage Adjustable gas off temperature Adjustable rpm starter switch on and off Elapsed engine run timers Status LED on the unit plus 2 more remote on option RS232 interface to interface to a PC Black box function Record the engine measures each 0 5sec up to 52 minutes e o o oo oer eee eee o Adjusting the parameters On this software version there are 2 sets of parameters that can be changed The user parameters are adjustable trough the Data Terminal using normal menus The manufacturer parameters are accessible by a special procedure and in some software versions are only accessible by the manufacturers The user parameters are Radio throws adjust Maximum rpm Idle RPM Stop RPM Minimum temperature Maximum temperature Acceleration time Deceleration time Stability time Pump start point Pump start ramp Glow plug power e e o ooo ooo ooo From these parameters the readings of the engine and the position of the throttle control the FADEC adjusts the power n tothe fuel pump in the following way FADEC Autostart User s Manual V1 1 24 01 03 1 7 First the FADEC verifies that the control pulse of the transmitter is correct that is to say is between the limits set by the user If the pulse is not correct or the pulses are not received during 0 5 seconds the system assumes that there is a trouble with the radio link and shuts down the engine
6. well in temperate climates Beware of using too much gas in the belief this will ignite more easily Keep the maximum gas pressure under 2 bar 25psi to avoid damage to the solenoid valves Problems lighting the gas are mostly related to plug element exposure ensure the element is pulled clear so the gas can really see the element It needs to glow bright yellow for good ignition so adjust the glow power setting in the main menu as required Always set up and confirm the operation of your Auto start installation on the test stand before installing into your model The present version of Autostart uses only one channel to all of the engine functions To trigger the autostart cycle the process is as follows The user raises the trim Ready will appear on the HDT Hand data terminal screen when the engine is supposedly to be to idle If the trim is on stop position Trim low will be read on the HDT If higher than ide StickLo will be read When Ready is displayed the user raise the stick to full power Once at full power if the stick is left in this position more than 5 seconds the pump prime function is triggered and the pump and fuel valve are energized at the 25 of his power for one second as much The user can switch off it before this time by lowering the stick When the stick is at idle again the start sequence begins FADEC Autostart User s Manual V1 1 24 01 03 The glow plug is checked and if
7. D must lit approximately to half of the throw of the trim From this point the FADEC considers that the motor must be running and below this stopped 5 2 Radio link failsafe The FADEC have a failsafe feature that stop the engine in the case of the radio link failure but prevents to stop it in the FADEC Autostart User s Manual V1 1 24 01 03 3 7 case of short glitches This system works in PCM PPM IPD systems PPM systems In the case of radio failure erratic movement of the servos or pulses out of the programmed values window the FADEC sets the power to idle during approximately 1 sec If the radio link is regained in this time the power goes back to normal but if not the system kill the engine PCM IPD systems The user should program the failsafe of these systems to cut the engine trim low stick low In the case that the receiver have a radio link failure it will output the failsafe settings The FADEC will set the power at idl e during 1s after receiving the stop command and if during this time the receiver exits from failsafe the engine will go back to the throttle set power If not it will be cut off This system allow to fly trough small glitches while retaining the ability to kill the engine in the case of radio failure EVER PROGRAM THE FAILSAFE TO KILL THE ENGINE NEVER FLY A TURBINE PLANE WITH THE FAILSAFE SET TO HOLD 5 3 Special features Timers The last screen of the HDT shows the 3 timers
8. FADEC system Autostart version Users guide Contents Description of the FADEC Description of the Hand Data Terminal HDT Interface RS232 Installation instructions ECU Pump Battery Radio Receiver Thermocouple Fuel pump Fuel system R P M sensor Programming the FADEC Programming using the Hand Data Terminal HDT Programming using the personal computer PC Starting the turbine engine and tuning the system Adjustment of the fuel pump start point Engine start up procedure Setup and adjustment of the values for Acceleration speed ramp up delay Deceleration spool down delay Stabilization Stability delay Standard values of the parameters in known engines Warranty Specifications Troubleshooting Starting Running Acceleration Deceleration Autostart parameters and setup Copyright Gaspar Espiell All rights reserved No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form without prior written consent of Gaspar Espiell Gaspar Espiell shall not be liable for technical or editorial errors or omission contained herein nor for incidental or consequential damages howsoever resulting from the use of this material Description of the FADEC The FADEC Full Authority Digital Engine Control is a total system for the control of a model gas turbine engine Its main function is to control and regulate the fuel pump providing to the turbine engine the necessary amount of fuel for safe and controlled operati
9. From 0 to this value the RAMP1 value will be applied IRAMP2 value will be applied Above this value to idle RAMP3 will be used ine 1st Fuel ramp The real value used will be this value added to the Pump start ramp value zi on Fuel ramp The real value used will be this value added to the Pump start ramp value RAMP3 ae he th Fuel ramp The real value used will be this value added to the Pump start ramp value 24 Rpm 1000 RPEMONFU Rpm where the starter is reconnected in the fuel ramp phase if the rom fall below this point Rpm 1000 RPM2TRA Second Rpm point in the fuel ramp From the 1st RPM point to this value the FADEC Autostart User s Manual V1 1 24 01 03 6 7 10 Troubleshooting 10 1 Start Problem oases SRO When raising the trim of the radio the LED FADEC in stop mode after a running Switch off an then on again the FADEC is not illuminated Bad adjustment of the radio transmitter Program the parameters of the radio and verify them Supply failure Verify the voltage of the batteries In case that it not work verify connections switch etc After cycling the throttle Glow bad message appear Blown glow plug or disconnected Check glow plug and battery Pump battery disconnected After cycling the throttle nothing happens Starter motor bad disconnected Check starter and later the Start bad message appear Starter power too low Check starter power settings After cycling the throttle the roto
10. OK it is powered After waiting 1 sec the starter is engaged at reduced power soft start and the gas valve is energized If the glow test fail a Glow Bad message is displayed and if the starter fails to arrive a minimum RPM in 2 seconds a start bad message is issued and the autostart function aborted When the rotor arrives at more than the ignition max rpm programmed parameter default 4000 the starter is disconnected and the brake applied At the same time the gas valve is opened and the glow plug powered When the RPM are lower than the ignition min Rom parameter default 1000 the starter is switched on again to raise the rotor speed to the ignition max rpm and the cycle is repeated When the thermocouple register a increase of 50 C in temperature or it is higher than the start minimum temperature that mean that the ignition have occurred the starter is switched on immediately at reduced power increasing his power accordingly to the real rotor rom At the same time the pump is switched on and the fuel valve is opened The engine begin to accelerate at the fuel ramp values depending on the real RPM Once the exhaust temperature EGT arrives at a predefined value usually 400 C the gas valve is closed and when the RPM arrive at the predefined starter off value the starter is switched off and the brake applied to it The engine continues accelerating alone until the idle RPM are reached The user can finish
11. fail safe During this tme of delay the system assumes that the throttle is at idle and decelerates the engine to this power Once verified that the pulse is correct the relative position of the throttle stick determined by the limits programmed by the user is calculated This calculation gives a value between 0 and 100 that can be read on the HDT or a PC This value is transformed into a value of equivalent rotor speed from the values of full power speed and idle speed programmed by the user For example if we programmed a idle speed of 30 000 rpm and a full power speed of 100 000 rpm this speed will be reached with the throttle control at 100 With the throttle stick at 50 the equivalent speed would be 65 000 rpm half way between 30Krpm and 100Krpm This calculated equivalent speed is compared with the one read from the engine and the power to the pump is corrected adjusted until reaching the desired speed in this case 65Krpm The speed of the slope of spool up is a parameter programmed by the user To accelerate the engine the FADEC has to raise the power to the pump The system monitors the exhaust temperature reducing the rate acceleration if the temperature approaches to the maximum programmed temperature In case of arriving at this maximum temperature the system reduces the fuel flow until restoring the motor within its limits of operation being able to stop the pump if it can not lower the temperature With this system it is guaranteed
12. included in the FADEC The first is the total engine time in minutes the second the last run time in seconds and the third is the start stop cycles counter These timers can be only cleared by a special PC software Last power down cause The FADEC stores in its internal memory the measures of the engine each 0 5s up to 52 minutes These measures are RPM Temperature Throttle position pump power and a external analog input usually airspeed These measure only can be downloaded trough a PC and a RS232 cable but the user can check trough the HDT the cause of the last power down and the measures of the engine at the moment when the FADEC cut the engine This feature is useful to track the cause of a flame out in flight After power up set the trim low and press the menu down button The HDT will show the cause of the last shut down and the EGT RPM and pump power at this moment during 2 sec 6 Tuning the system 6 1 Adjustment of the Pump start point value The FADEC have the ability of to automatically adjust the pump power to start it at the lowest possible speed independently of the battery voltage and pump roughness Also the user have the possibility to adjust the minimum pump power manually AUTOpump mode The values of Pump start point from 0 to 8 are in AUTO mode This means that the FADEC will adjust itself the pump power to start it slowly The recommended value is AUTO 0 that make that the pump start at the mi
13. n the acceleration unless the fixed value is this other parameter Higher values mean longer times Stability delay Once the engine has reached approximately the power corresponding to the value of the throttle setting the FADEC adjusts the fuel flow with the purpose of match the exact value of thrust The speed what the FADEC make this adjustment can be programmed with this parameter The habitual values vary between 40 and 60 depending on the time of programmed acceleration deceleration the temperature and the inertia of the whole system including pump engine tubes etc If a too low time is programmed the engine will not become stabilized and will be raising and lowering to the power when correcting the FADEC more quickly than the response time of the turbine If the time is very long the FADEC will take more time to adapt itself to the engine in case of change in the batteries pump etc 7 Recommended values of the parameters on known engines in Autostart Mode KJ66 JG100 MW54 120 000 Rpm 126 000 RPM 160 000 Maximum speed Idle speed 37 000 Rpm 32 000 Rpm 45 000 Stop speed 25 000 Rpm 20 000 Rpm 30 000 800 C 800 C Maximum temperature 800 C Minimum temperature 100 C 100 C Pump Ha sl 28020 Hatisl 28020 Battery voltage 6V 6V 7 2V Pump start point Auto 2 AUTO 2 Starter type Speed400 RACE Speed400 6V Speed300 4 8V Speed400 4 8VR Start Ramp MMR Aplication First Start Test bench Normal fly Sport fly Acceleration dela
14. nimum possible speed but it is possible to start it a faster speed by selecting AUTO 1 AUTO 2 if needed Manual mode From values from 9 to 255 the power applied to the pump is fixed It is necessary to test with the selected pump and battery the right value to allow the pump to turn at the minimum speed 6 2 Adjustment of the Pump start ramp value This parameter adjust the speed of the fuel increase during the Fuel ramp phase Higher values mean a faster fuel flow increase Increase this value if the engine take too long to arrive to idle and decrease it if the starts are too hot 6 3 Adjustment of the values of speed of acceleration Acceleration delay deceleration Deceleration delay and stabilization Stability delay Habitually these values do not need adjustment and the recommended values are useful to most of the engines but with the purpose of being able to use the FADEC with any type of turbine they are included in the parameters adjustable by the user Time of acceleration Acceleration delay The FADEC calculates the speed of acceleration depending of the exhaust temperature the current rotor speed and this parameter Acceleration Delay and therefore it is possible to modify the global time of acceleration modifying it Higher values mean longer acceleration times Time of deceleration Deceleration delay For the calculation of the speed of deceleration the FADEC considers the same parameters as i
15. nother parameters reserved to manufacturers and advanced users These parameters are Temperature calibration Timers reset Started reduced power in the ignition phase Starter RPM window min and max rpm in the gas ignition phase Starter switch off RPM Speed of the rotor were the starter will be switched off Starter switch on RPM Speed of the rotor were the starter will be recconected if the fuel ramp phase if the RPM s decay below this point Gas Switch off temperature Minimum RPM to start Minimum rpm that the rotor should have after 1 5s of starter switch on If the rpm are below this limit a bad start label will appear and the start process aborted Useful to detect starter clutch failure Starter power at the beginning of the fuel ramp Rpm were the starter power is at 100 Wen the system detects the ignition had occurred it starts the starter motor at reduced power and this power is increased during the fuel ramp until arrive at the value of this parameter that is set at 100 This feature allows to use small low voltage rated starter motors without the risk of burning them due at too much power in the low speed phase Starter ramps The rpm range from 0 to idle are divided in 3 sectors by 2 rpm points In each sector a defined fuel time slope is applied So the real fuel increase in each rpm range depends on the current rpm the slope value for this rpm range and the pump start ramp
16. on The FADEC measures the exhaust gas temperature the relative position of the throttle stick and the rotor speed It monitors all of the controls necessary to guarantee that the engine stays between the user defined parameters of operation also providing failsafe shutdown of the engine when it has detected any important anomaly In order to make this assessment the FADEC has a rpm sensor a thermocouple input a throttle servo input power connections for the fuel pump starter glow plug fuel and gas valves and the battery and a digital RS232 serial port to program and read the data in real time to a PC The measurements made by the FADEC are Temperature of the exhaust gas Pump battery voltage Width of the throttle pulses from the radio transmitter Engine rotor RPM Engine run time External analog signal All of these measurements can be read into and displayed on the Handheld Data terminal HDT that is connected to the FADEC by a RJ 45 connector or into a personal computer trough a RS232 adapter The configuration setup parameters are stored in the FADEC by the terminal of hand or the PC Features RPM input Magnetic sensor up to 250 000 R P M Temperature range up to 1000 C using a K type thermocouple PWM control of 1024 levels for pump glow plug and starter motor Adjustable power for the starter motor Buildin electronic brake for the starter motor to help the clutch to disengage Blown glow plug detector Adjustable
17. ow plug positive cable is connected to the engine body This means that the whole turbine is connected to the positive of the pump battery Take this on account if you plan to connect the negative in other place 4 1 FADEC main unit Because the FADEC is an electronic piece of equipment the installation in the model aircraft is similar to that of the radio receiver It has to be in an accessible location within the airframe with limited vibration and far from the heat of the engine Also because the pump motor uses DC power that can produce sparks in the collector when operating it is highly recommended that the installation of all of the electrical equipment is done as far as possible from the R C receiver Keep the power cables at the minimum possible length and avoid installing the antenna near them Also anti spark capacitors must be installed on the pump motor 4 2 Pump starter battery The FADEC needs for its operation two different power supplies The first is taken from the radio receiver through the throttle servo connection and the second is the battery that supplies the pump Reversing the polarity of the battery causes the destruction of the semiconductors of the FADEC The FADEC can work with pump battery voltages between 1 2v ad 15v in manual start mode and from 4 8V to 15 in autostart mode The selection of the number of battery elements is due in consideration of the real needs of the ancillary equipment like starter motor solenoid
18. r turns but later the Start RPM sensor failure Check RPM bad message appear Starter power too low or ignition rpms set to low Check the autostart parameters The RPM are cycling but the gas doesn t ignite Gas can empty or gas solenoid valve disconnected or blocked Check the gas coming to the engine Glow plug brightness too low Check adjust glow plug power The glow should have at least 2 filament turns pulled out and with high brightness Check with a butane lighter the correct brightness Gas tube incorrectly set inside the engine Ask the engine manufacturer for correct location Too much gas Mix too rich to ignite Reduce the gas flow use only butane mix trough a 0 3mm restrictor When the start gas is ignited the start bad message appear The starter failed to have the minimum RPM to continue the Check the RPMINICI value on the autostart parameters When the start gas is ignited the FADEC does not begin to pump fuel start temperature due at that the start gas flow is insufficient to Increase the gas flow reduce the power of the starter in this phase or lower the programmed start temperature nor the LED blinks reach start the temperature the pump does not work Repeat the adjustment of Pump start poin Verify the operation of the pump It must start smoothly and turn slowly Do the test by disconnecting the fuel line from the engine and trigger a autostart squence Check the fuel flow to check it in real conditions Fine tune the
19. rim and stick to the minimum and push the button Data Up Also in this case pushing the button Menu up will cause the change of screen without varying the previous adjustment The last screen of adjustment of the transmitter is the position of the trim that will correspond to the idle of the engine In order to make this adjustment it is sufficient with locate the stick to the minimum and the trim to maximum and push the button Data Up Just as in the previous adjustments the button Menu up will cause the change of screen without varying the last recorded adjustment Once finished the programming of the transmitter this can be verified by means of the second screen of the HDT To the right of the value of the received pulse of the transmitter appears a value from the 0 to 100 This value must correspond to the reldive position of the throttle stick corresponding 0 to stick and the trim to the minimum and 100 to stick and trim to the maximum If it were not arrived at these values or the limits of the 0 or 100 were reached before arriving stick in the end the calibration process is due to repeat When the superior and inferior limits are verified the adjustment of the trim can be verified This it is made through the green LED that incorporates the FADEC With the FADEC in start mode that is to say just started locating the trim and the stick at lower side the LED must be off When raising the trim slowly the LE
20. rs are as follows FADEC Autostart User s Manual V1 1 24 01 03 2 7 FADEC user programable parameters Parameter Range Full speed Sets the maximum rotor speed that will be reached by the engine with the throttle control at 0 250 000 RPM RPM 100 Idle RPM Sets the rotor speed at idle 0 250 000 RPM Stop RPM Sets the minimum rotor speed which the engine can run If the speed is lower the FADEC will 0 250 000 RPM shut down the engine temperature is less this setting Maximum Temperature of operation of the engine The FADEC will try to maintain the EGT 0 999 C Temperature temperature below this value finally stopping the motor in case it can t be obtained Acceleration This parameter allows the adjustment of the time of acceleration ramp delay of the engine The delay higher the value the more slowly the engine will respond The total time of acceleration is not fixed since it depends on other parameters as they depend on the present temperature and speed Just as the acceleration delay this parameter defines the time required for deceleration This delay parameter must be increased if the motor tends to flame out when going abruptly from maximum power to the idle This parameter allows stabilising the power once the system has arrived at the value set by the 1 255 throttle control The value must be increased if the power setting is not stable This parameter sets the minimum pump voltage where the pump just begin
21. s to turn This value 0 255 point tart Minimum Minimum temperature at which the engine can work In the start phase the FADEC will begin to 0 999 C Temperature provide power to the fuel pump In the running operating phase it will stop the engine if the kad YI n 0 Y a a is dependant on the voltage of the battery and the pump motor Pump Start Sets the rate of increase of fuel flow during the startup phase The higher the value more Ramp quickly the motor will accelerate up to idle High values along with a under powered starter can in DI n 0 cause the engine to blow flames out the exhaust Wet Hot starts Low values imply a slow starting Stick travel This parameter sets up the throttle limits at the three key points Stop Idle and maximum adjusts power Glow Plug Sets the brightness of the glow plug power 5 1 Programming the FADEC with the terminal of data HDT The HDT has a LCD with 16 characters x 2 rows and four buttons which allow you to move through the various menus and to change the data settings in each menu page The presentation of data has been organized in screens The first two displays the engine status readings in real time and the following screens allow you to modify the operating parameters as above table All of the parameters can be modified while the engine is running so it is easy to tune the engine without having to start it again to test the new settings Both left b
22. sition the operator must 1 turn spin up the engine with the starter motor blower etc 2 open the butane propane gas and ignite it When the FADEC registers an exhaust temperature higher than the programmed start minimum temperature and the rotor turning the LED begins to blink and 3 the system begins to pump fuel to the motor raising the fuel pump power slowly until the idle speed is reached This final condition is signaled by the system extinguishing the LED The manual start is only possible after power on the unit If the throttle is cycled the system enters in AUTO mode and cannot be started in manual until it is switched off on again To start the engine automatically the user should cycle the throttle from idle to full power and back to idle again In this moment the start procedure is triggered and the autostart sequence progress until the engine is at idle The user can abort the start process by lowering the trim In the case that the measured exhaust temperature is higher than the start minimum programmed temperature the throttle stick acts a switch allowing the starter to be energized and too cool down the engine after a aborted start A pump prime system is added When in the start phase the throttle stick is set up to 100 during 5 sec the pump is switched on at 25 of power for 1 second maximum This allows to prime the pump and the fuel tubes before the start 4 Installation of the FADEC Connections Throttle input
23. that the engine accelerates in the minimum time possible without exceedng the max temperature or speed adapting itself to the variations of the engine room temperature pump fuel pressure etc With this system called closed loop the rotor RPM of the engine tracks linearly with the position of the throttle control independently of the type of pump batteries or engine This benefit is very useful in multiengine aircraft since the thrust of the engines is always in balance Aside from the safeguards of speed out of limits temperature or radio failure the system also incorporates two additional safeguards First is pump shutdown in case that the temperature of the exhaust is lower than the minimum protecting the engine from flooding itself of non burned fuel in case of flameout The second is fuel pump shutdown due to a too low rotor speed The system stops the fuel pump in case that the rotor speed is less than the programmed stop pressure This safeguards the engine from continued running in case that rotor speed is less than that required to self sustain the engine or in a rpm sensor failure The engine can be started manually semiautomatic or full autostart system In order to start the engine in manual mode the user must first raise the transmitter throttle trim and leave the throttle stick in idle minimum position The green Light Emitting Diode LED on the FADEC illuminates indicating the system is ready for start Once in this po
24. the sequence in any moment simply setting the trim to off position If the engine was on running a cooling sequence will be triggered cycling the starter motor until the EGT is below the minimum programmed temperature If the engine is hot EGT higher than the minimum temperature at the moment that the user triggers the autostart cycle then the FADEC will begin a cooling cycle until the temperature is below the minimum programmed temperature At this moment it will continue with the normal autostart cycle if the trim is left in up position Programming the manufacturer parameters First adjust the operator parameters specially the radio throws Set the trim and stick to low Trim low readout should appear Switch off and on again the FADEC Wen the initial screen appear FADEC press the data down button located in the right hand low side and then the menu down located in the left hand low side This should be done quickly and before that the normal screen appear It will appear a screen with a number of parameter and the data To change the parameter number use the left hand button and to change the data use the right hand buttons Raise the stick or reset the FADEC to return to the normal screens Caution The parameters are stored in the same time that are modified so be careful before to modify any parameter The meaning of each parameter is These recommended values are for a MW54
25. the trim and stick of the transmitter raised Full power the reading of Pulse xxxx must be between 1900 2200 With stick and the trim lowered the reading must be between 800 and 1000 In case that the readings are inverted like in some Futaba transmitters it is necessary to change the sense of the movement in the transmitter Servo reverse If the reading does not arrive at these values means that the transmitter has some function of limitation of throw applied to the throttle channel Once verified the transmitter the FADEC can be programmed In order to do it the HDT has 4 screens Move to the screen Transmitter programming This first menu is only informative and it warns us of the entrance in the screens of programming of the throttle control Press the button Data Up to enter in the programming menus Next it appears the screen of programming the full throttle position In order to program this parameter locate the trim and stick in the superior position Once located in this position push the button Data Up At this moment the FADEC will record the received order of the radio as the position of full power and in the HDT the following phase of adjustment is shown If it is not wanted to modify this adjustment is enough with pushing the key Menu up This also causes the change of screen but the throw is not programmed The following screen allows programming the lower limit Stop In order to do it is enough with locating the t
26. to the receiver JR type servo cable Propane butane valve JR type connector receptacle Fuel valve JR type connector receptacle The central cable is positive and the two of the sides negative RPM sensor JR type connector receptacle Thermocouple JR type connector receptacle Battery input Red black cable Fuel pump Red Green cable Glow plug Red Yellow cable Starter Red Blue cable Note In all power cables the red is the common and positive This means that all the red cables are connected internally together and to the positive of the pump starter battery Connect all of the cables in his places Note that some of the JR type connectors used can be connected in wrong place or inverted Use the coloured labels on the FADEC body to connect all the connectors in his place The configurations of the pins have done in the way that no damage can be produced to the electronics in the case of a bad connection Please note that If the thermocouple connector is connected inverted the temperature will decrease when heated and the FADEC will fail in to recognize the gas ignition If the RPM sensor is connected inverted no RPM will be read Use the recommended starter motor and battery If bigger voltages are used then the high current from the motor can damage the ECU If after a start attempt you feel that the FADEC becomes warm this is a sign that something is wrong The FADEC should be cold all of the time The gl
27. uttons allow you to move through the different screens in an ascending mode Menu Up or descending mode Menu Down Both right buttons allow you to change the data in increasing value Up Data or decreasing value Down Data Screen 1 Screen 1 always appears first when starting switched on off the HDT and shows the main primary parameters of operation of the engine The representation of the screen is as follows a t u s T R p m w w w w w w N lt N lt K O y w vi The values displayed are A eight character word indicating the state of the FADEC Ready Fuel Ramp Temperature of exhaust in C Power of the pump This reading allows to know the applied voltage the pump and therefore its relative power Screen 2 Status Wmm Speed Rpm Screen 2 shows the secondary parameters of operation they are the information received from the radio transmitter and the voltage of the battery m S y y A e r w n Ww lt x lt x P U V B u N N The values displayed are Duration of the pulse of control received from the receiver This it is a absolute value read from the radio transmitter The usual values are between minimum 800 1000US and 2000 2200 uS maximum Yy Calculated valve relative to the position of the throttle control The FADEC uses the programmed values of maximum and minimum along with the real reading to calculate the relative power setting for the control of the fuel pump
28. valves and pump motor Use only the recommended battery voltage and capacity This battery does not need an on off switch in the airframe since the FADEC has an internal electronic switch which disconnects it when the power to the receiver is switched off The NiMh batteries are not recommended due at his high internal resistance Use good quality sintered fast charge nicads for the ECU supply with at least 1200mAh preferably 2000mAh capacity and charge before each flight 4 3 Receiver of radio The FADEC is connected to the radio receiver like a standard throttle servo inserted in the channel for the throttle receiving the information of the throttle control pulses and the receiver battery supply 4 4 Thermocouple The FADEC use a thermocouple of type K apt until 1100 C The provided standard thermocouple consists of a wire of Inconel of 1 5mm of diameter finished in a connector who fits directly on the FADEC The recommended installation consists of practising a drill of 1 5 mm in the exhaust nozzle of the engine and inserting the end of the thermocouple so that it be 2mm within the flow of exhaust gases 4 5 Fuel system Use 6 mm tubes in the suction side of the pump and 4 mm from the pump to the fuel solenoid valve and from this one to the engine 5 Programming of the FADEC Use the recommended parameters for your engine Some of these parameters are set at factory and can t be modified by the user The programmable paramete
29. ximum programmed temperature is too Verify the adjustment Maximum temperature and check the exhaust temperature low The FADEC modifies the time of acceleration on the basis of the margin of temperature between the maximum and the current one If this difference is small the acceleration will be slower since a greater risk exists of exceeding the maximum temperature 10 3 3 The value of acceleration delay is too low The FADEC tries to accelerate the engine more Increase the value of the acceleration delay until the acceleration is fast and without steps Acceleration does not uniform When accelerating quickly quickly than it allows causing that the temperature raises excessively moment in which the engine from idle to the maximum this accelerates the FADEC reduces the fuel flow to maintain the temperature controlled quickly to an intermediate point in which it becomes stabilized during a second raising to maximum power next 10 4 Deceleration m Case Sotto 10 4 1 The value of the deceleration delay too low In some engines the abrupt reduction of the Increase the value of the Deceleration delay parameter Extinguished of the engine When lowering fuel flow causes a flame out quickly the throttle from maximum power to idle the engine is stopped FADEC Autostart User s Manual V1 1 24 01 03 8 7
30. y E Deceleration delay 20 15 Stability delay 8 Warranty The FADEC unit has one year warranty This includes only the repair replacement of the main unit and the HDT Improper use like polarity reversal short circuit or crash damage are not included This warranty does not include any damage to the engines airframes people or anything else caused by the FADEC malfunction The user must provide an emergency shut off i e a servo operated cut off valve for increased security Please read and follow the GTBA code of practice http www gtba cnuce cnr it CODE HTM 9 Specifications Measures Temperature sensor K type thermocouple Temperature range 0 999 C Temperature resolution 2 C Temperature accuracy 2 R P M range 0 250 000 R P M R P M resolution 100 R P M R P M accuracy 0 05 Pump Battery measure voltage range 0 15 V Voltage measurement resolution 0 1V Voltage measurements accuracy 2 Supply Receiver battery voltage 4to 10V Receiver battery supply current 30 mA Pump battery voltage Pump current FADEC Autostart User s Manual V1 1 24 01 03 4 7 1 2 to 15 V limits Use the voltage recommended by the engine manufacturer 6 A Max Continuous 50A peak Remote measures and configuration Mechanical measures Weight Asynchronous serial digital link 54 x 34 x 22 mm 45g Autostart amp advanced setup Other than the operators parameters that are usually set by the users exist a
31. zz z_ Voltage of the battery supplying fuel pump ww Software version SSS Following screens The following screens have all the same structure except they are used of the programming of the FADEC control parameters and allow you to change the operating parameters even with the engine running As an example the first next screen that appears is the maximum speed The expression x xx indicates the value stored in the FADEC In order to change it is necessary it to use the right buttons Data Up to increase the value and Data Down to decrease it The programming of all the data is made sequentially changing to the next screen using the button Menu Up The programming of the radio transmitter is a special case and needs a different procedure described next Programming of the radio transmitter setting with the HDT For the programming of the radio you need to have the FADEC and the HDT working with the radio receiver with its battery pack and the transmitter It is not necessary to install the thermocouple the pump or RPM sensor Preparation and verification of the transmitter The transmitter must not have programmed any reduction of throw trim slow movement the center value or the linearity modified In case of doubt it is recommended to connect a servo to verify that the movement is correct from end to end and fast Once the transmitter is OK connect the FADEC and by means of the key Menu Up change to screen 2 With
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