MapCalc Tutorial
Contents
1. IMPORT C Program Files Red Hen Systems MapCalc MapCalc Data A_act grd SURFER NullValue PMAP NULL LowerLeft Corner 0 0 UpperRight Corner 0 0 Origin Cartesian FOR Animal activity Complete the specifications shown above by Yv From lt A_act grd gt navigate to WMapCalcMapCalc Data A_act grd Y Select click Surfer identifies a Surfer GS ASCII grd formatted file Y For enter Animal activity as the name of the new map created v use the defaults for all of the other options In addition to direct import of grid data MapCalc creates map layers using columns of data you select from any tab MapInfo table format or shp ArcView GIS format files Also it can interpolate maps from a set of point sample data XYZ where Z measured value See the MapCalc User Manual for a discussion of these procedures Exit the Tutor25 database as described in Exiting MapCalc at the beginning of this Tutorial do not save your changes Taking the Next Step The lessons in this tutorial were designed to get you started Some of the basic procedures for accessing displaying and creating maps were briefly introduced Given this foundation you are ready for further investigation MapCalc s capabilities Lesson 7 below is an example of a simple GIS model to locate the best areas for a proposed campground The example demonstrates the logical structure of a GIS model and provides hands on experience with command macro c2. View function opens a map in a new window It is important to note that you can have multiple windows open of the same map While this can cause some initial confusion experienced MapCalc users find it useful for positioning side by side views of the same data such as a 2 D display and a 3 D plot Exit the Tutor25 database as described in Exiting MapCalc at the beginning of this Tutorial do not save your changes Lesson 2 Understanding Data Types Access the Tutor25 database as described in Starting MapCalc at the beginning of this Tutorial The Elevation map contains Continuous mapped data the map values form a gradient that changes throughout the map area The display tools described in Lesson 1 form appropriate plots of this data type In generating the displays a numerical relationship is assumed to exist between the map values For example a the elevation of location that is 2000 feet is twice as high as one that is 1000 feet Similarly a slope of 10 percent is much more gentle than one of 30 percent However not all maps contain values that are numerically related Discrete mapped data uses map values simply to identify separate categories For example a map of Roads might use the value 1 to denote backcountry roads and the value 4 to identify highways Similarly maps for administrative Districts might simply number different districts or assign a numerical code Click on the View Rename Delete button and sel
3. Click on the Title tab This dialog box allows you to change the title of the map and its appearance to include font type font color and border characteristics Use the Show title checkbox to turn on and off the title in the map display The Use default checkbox uses the map name as the default title If you want to change the title click off the Use default checkbox highlight the current title and enter a new one Bi v Show Legend esr P fiw z Etched Out Y los Jig 2 zi 7 Show Units Sm Apply to Open Maps Use As Map Defaults Click on the Legend tab to change the map legend its font and or its appearance The Pos input filed enables you to position the legend at the right left top or bottom of the work area Equation l Source end Plot Cube Units Cube Color EN Cube Interior Background Color a Show Grid Lines FontSize n ej Show Units v Use As Map Defaults The Plot Cube tab enables you to customize the appearance of the reference plot that appears in 3 D displays By far the most important option involves the setting the Scale of the three dimensional plot The Use default scale checkbox automatically sets the minimum and maximum values for the Z axis that produces a pleasing vertical sizing of the map To manually set the min max click off the check box and enter 2000 as the min and 4000 as the max then click the Apply button Note
4. confusing as it is inappropriate because the display attempts to establish color intervals between adjacent cells with different values H Click on the Data type button to switch from Discrete data to Continuous data representation Note for the first time the map values appearing in the legend have changed This view treats the data range minimum 1 to maximum 43 as number gradient and divides the range into contour intervals As depicted in the legend red is assigned to map values within the range 0 to 6 1 from no road to all road types and bridges The bull s eye looking locations correspond to the two digit intersections This view is inappropriate and confusing as well B Click on the Use cells button to switch from lattice back to grid format The color coding of this legend is still inappropriate as it treats the data as continuous Lii Click on the Data type button to switch back to discrete data representation This display 2 D grid display type in Discrete data format is the only appropriate display for this type of data Click on the Shading Manager button to access the color pallet and labels for the Roads map Click in the Category column next to the value 0 and enter No Road as the label for that value Change the color for that value by clicking on the color and selecting another one from the basic color panels or by clicking anywhere in the color gradient and pressing the OK button Repeat labeling a
5. 0 square meters one hectare Several of the maps in the database are hypothetical and the Latitude and Longitude coordinates for the project area were arbitrarily assigned The contour lines and interactive data labels for the Elevation map are interpolated on the fly from the underlying grid data B Click on the Use cells button The display switches from lattice to grid display type with the contour color codes are assigned to entire cells The important differences between lattice and grid display types are covered in more detail in the MapCalc Application example entitled Display Type Click on the Toggle 3D view button The display switches to a 3 D display in grid cell display The color coding at the top of each projected cell identifies its elevation i id ER AN The navigation tools enable you to zoom pan and rotate a display v Click on the Zoom in button then click and drag a rectangular portion of the displayed map to enlarge that area v Click on the Zoom out button then click and hold while sliding up and down to continuously rescale the display when you release the mouse button v Click on the Move button and click and hold to move the display to another part of the screen Y Click on the Rotate button and click and hold as you rotate the plot cube Y Click on the Reset view button to return to the default display settings LJ Click off the Use cells button to switch to a 3 D lattice display type commonly called a wire
6. Algorithm Calibration l processing steps In this example SLOPE is PPE ETTER derived from a base map of ELEVATION In turn the SLOPE map is interpreted for areas of relative ROADS Near Roads goodness in terms of terrain steepness and stored as the S_PREF map l Modeled The each row in the flowchart is evaluated to EEE E reflect preferences for locating a campground rows identify gentle slopes near roads near water good views a Westerly model criteria and westerly oriented The final step combines the Derived Interpreted maps of the five criteria for a map of the overall Fact lt __________ gt _ Judgement suitability SUITABLE Base Note that the columns in the flowchart reflect increasing abstraction from Base maps of physical features to Derived maps of spatial context to Interpreted maps of relative goodness and finally to a Modeled map of suitability The movement from maps of physical Fact to decision Judgment involves a logical sequencing of map analysis Operations This lesson provides hands on experience in accessing and executing a command macro that implements the campground location model described above An annotated discussion of the Campground Suitability model is available in the online Applications section of the MapCalc Learner CD Accessing a Stored Command Macro Access the Tutor25 database as described in Starting MapCalc at the beginning of this Tutorial Open the command mac
7. ING 0 2D RENUMBER Proximity water ASSIGNING 0 TO 0 THRU 1 4 ASSIGN 2D COMPUTE NO_slope Times No_prox FOR Constraints 2D COMPUTE S pref Plus R_pref Plus Vv pref Plus V pref Plus amp pref 2D Potential total 5 0 2D Annotated Listing of Commands note DEVELOPMENT MODEL fn Elevation Roads Water note The best areas for development are those that are gently sloped near roads near water good views of water westerly oriented and not legally constrained note there are four submodels OOOOOOOOOOOOOO0 note Section 1 Derived maps note Section 2 Interpreted maps note Section 3 Constraints map note Section 4 Suitability map note Section 1 Derived Maps note ELEVATION slope gt SLOPEMAP note ROADS spread gt PROXIMITY_ROADS note WATER spread gt PROXIMITY WATER note WATER ELEVATION radiate gt EXPOSURE WATER note ELEVATION orient gt ASPECTMAP note la Generate map of slope SLOPE ELEVATION FOR SLOPEMAP note 1b Generate map of proximity to roads SPREAD ROADS TO 100 FOR PROXIMITY ROADS note 1c Generate map of proximity to water SPREAD WATER TO 100 FOR PROXIMITY WATER note 1d Generate map of visual exposure to water RADIATE WATER OVER ELEVATION COMPLETELY TO 100 FOR EXPOSURE WATER note le Generate map of aspect ORIENT ELEVATION FOR ASPECTMAP note Section 2 Interpreted Maps 10 Best 1 Worst note SLOPEMA
8. MapCalc Tutorial e Lesson Displaying Maps e Lesson 2 Understanding Data Types e Lesson 3 Using the Shading Manager e Lesson 4 Setting Map Properties e Lesson 5 Data Inspection and Charting e Lesson 6 Creating New Maps e Lesson 7 The Next Step GIS Modeling Overview This tutorial introduces you to the basic MapCalc procedures for accessing and displaying maps The tutorial contains six lessons each designed to take approximately fifteen minutes to complete Upon completion of the tutorial lessons you will be familiar with the basic operation of MapCalc The MapCalc Applications document provides numerous examples of applying the comprehensive set of map analysis tools The application examples use the tutorial databases provided with the software and you are encouraged to review the material then perform the analysis on your own The MapCalc User s Manual contains additional information about features and capabilities not covered in the basic tutorial lessons You can access the online version of the manual by clicking on the Help item on the main menu then selecting Contents and Index Also most dialog boxes have a question mark button in the upper right corner next to the window controls This button provides information about specific objects in the dialog box The Help button at the bottom of most dialog boxes provides more information by opening the help topic for the current operation F
9. P renumber gt S PREF note PROX R renumber gt R PREF note PROX W renumber gt W PREF note VIEWS renumber gt V PREF note ASPECTMAP renumber A PREF note a common preference scale is used for all of the interpreted maps note O Not Available 1 Poor 5 Marginal 62 Acceptable 72 Good 8 Very Good 9 Excellent note 2a Slope preference like it gently sloped RENUMBER SLOPEMAP ASSIGN 9 TO 0 THRU 5 ASSIGN 8 TO 5 THRU 15 ASSIGN 5 TO 15 THRU 25 ASSIGN 3 TO 25 THRU 40 ASSIGN 1 TO 40 THRU 100 FOR S PREF note 2b Proximity to road preference like it near roads RENUMBER PROXIMITY ROADS ASSIGN 9 TO 0 ASSIGN 8 TO 001 THRU 1 5 ASSIGN 7 TO 1 5 THRU 3 ASSIGN 3 TO 3 THRU 6 ASSIGN 1 TO 6 THRU 11 FOR R PREF note 2c Proximity to water preference like it near water RENUMBER PROXIMITY_WATER ASSIGN 9 TO 0 THRU 2 ASSIGN 7 TO 2 THRU 4 ASSIGN 4 TO 4 THRU 6 ASSIGN 1 TO 6 THRU 100 FOR W_PREF note 2d View of water preference like good views of water RENUMBER EXPOSURE WATER ASSIGN 9 TO 80 THRU 150 ASSIGN 8 TO 30 THRU 80 ASSIGN 5 TO 10 THRU 30 ASSIGN 3 TO 6 THRU 10 ASSIGN 1 TO 0 THRU 6 FOR V_PREF note 2e Westerly oriented preference like it westerly oriented RENUMBER ASPECTMAP ASSIGN 9 TO 6 THRU 8 ASSIGN 7 TO 1 THRU 2 ASSIGN 3 TO 4 THRU 5 ASSIGN 1 TO 3 FOR A_PREF note Section 3 Constraints Masking Map note SLOPEMAP renumber gt NO SLOPE note PROXIMITY_WATER
10. ect the Roads map A grid representation of a road map identifies the cells that contain a road In this example the value zero is assigned to all locations without a road Numbers are assigned to areas with roads in a manner that identifies the type of road Note that values 1 4 are used for roads with increasingly greater traffic value 5 is used for bridges and two digit values form a code of the road types at each intersection Clearly the map values do not represent Continuous data and cannot be interpreted in the normal way a road type 4 isn t four times bigger or better than a road type just different The display of the Road map is as a Discrete Data type and provides the most appropriate view of this kind of information Ed Click on the Layer mesh button on the main tool bar Move the cursor throughout out the map and note the map categories corresponding to the color coding within the grid cells i Click on the Toggle 3D view button to generate a 3 D view of the data While this view isn t wrong per se it is inappropriate In this view the map values are considered related and the two digit codes for the intersections tower over the smaller map values representing road type LJ Click off the Use cells button to switch to a 3 D lattice format The effect is similar to the 3 D grid type display and is just as inappropriate Click off the Toggle 3D view button to generate a 2 D view of the data This view of the data is as
11. en the two sets of mapped data The regression equation and its R squared statistic indicating the strength of the relationship between the two maps appear at the bottom of the plot Click on the Print button to access the report printing dialog box Select the Elevation map and press the button with a single arrow to move it to the selected list box Press the Preview button for a mock up of the printed page See the MapCalc User Manual for more information on printing from MapCalc Click on the Save picture button to save a screen grab a basic image of the current map display Any screen capture software such as SnagIt by Techsmith can be used for more control on the type position and characteristics of the image Exit the Tutor25 database as described in Exiting MapCalc at the beginning of this Tutorial do not save your changes Lesson 6 Creating New Maps Access the Tutor25 database as described in Starting MapCalc at the beginning of this Tutorial ds Click on the Map analysis button to access the dialog box for creating new maps from existing mapped data by applying MapCalc s comprehensive set of spatial statistics analysis and modeling tools This lesson covers the basic procedures for specifying individual analysis operations and creating map analysis macros The online MapCalc Applications document provides numerous examples of applying the complete set of map analysis tools In addition the online MapCalc U
12. frame display Note that the navigation tools operate in the same manner for both the grid and lattice display types 22i Click off and on the Layer contoured and Layer contour lines buttons to turn off and on the contour fill colors and lines a Eq fum ez E80 Click off and on the Floor contours lines and Ceiling contours lines buttons and note the changes in the 2 D projected planes in the plot cube Click on the word Map in the main menu then select Overlay and choose the Slope map The result is a graphical overlay of the Slope map on the 3 D display of the Elevation map Note that the areas classified as steep green tones align with the steepest portions of the terrain surface EN Click on the Arrange windows buttons to view all of the open map windows in different arrangements Click on the Maximize button in the Slope map s window to enlarge the display to fit the entire work area For review repeat the display tools exercises you just completed using the elevation map on the Slope map Clicking on the word Window on the main menu produces a listing of open windows and window management tools Clicking on any of the open map windows listed will cause that map to be maximized in the work area Li Click on the View Rename and Delete layers button to pop up a listing of the current maps in the Tutor25 database You can Rename and Delete existing maps As new maps are created they are added to the list The
13. nd color selection for other map values In the Shading manager dialog box click the Apply button to store your label and color assignments For review click on the View Rename Delete button Lal and select the Districts map to display another example of a map containing discrete data Use the display tools to view the map under different views as you did for the Roads map Use the shading manager to recolor and label the map Exit the Tutor25 database as described in Exiting MapCalc at the beginning of this Tutorial do not save your changes Lesson 3 Using the Shading Manager Access the Tutor25 database as described in Starting MapCalc at the beginning of this Tutorial Click on the Shading Manager button to access the color pallet and labels for the Elevation map Another way to access the shading manager is by right clicking anywhere within the map and selecting the Shading Manager option Shading Manager Elevation The shading manager for continuous data contains two sections The left side interacts with the contour intervals and colors assigned The Cal ide For Ranges e e Eme s right side provides map summaries and procedures for setting the umber of ranges ho H a i by di splay interval S Color Interpolation Method IF RGB HSV The button at the bottom toggles on More and off Less the right side of shading manager dialog box C
14. olor assignments are changed by clicking on the color and selecting another from the basic color panels or by clicking anywhere in the color gradient and pressing the OK button Change the color assignments of the Elevation map by clicking on red bottom changing it to blue and pressing OK Repeat the process to change green top to red Note the automatic assignment of other colors to the new color gradient Press the Apply button to submit the changes and generate a new display You can set Inflection points within the color gradient In this example yellow is locked On and effectively breaks the blue to red gradient into two gradients blue to yellow and yellow to red Remove the yellow inflection point by clicking on the word On switches to Off Press the Apply button to view the change in the map On your own set the yellow inflection point as the forth position from the top Range Controls Histogram Templates l Calculations Statistics Min 500 Max 2 500 Range 2 000 Mean 1 293 Median 1 258 Std Dev 596 Variance 355 216 Gridded Area 1 544 acres Click on the Statistics tab to get a statistical summary of the map values Range Controls Calculations Statistics Histogram Templates C Std Dev Ranges None Area acres 1000 2000 Elevation Click on the Histogram tab to get a plot of the distribution of the map values Range Controls Histogram Templates Calcula
15. onstruction and operation You are encouraged to complete the lesson and use some of map display techniques you learned in the previous lessons to enhance the default map displays created in evaluating the model Also you can change the calibration of the model and extend its criteria The MapCalc User Manual is another excellent place to continue your exposure to MapCalc and the analytical capabilities of grid based processing The first part of the manual extends the tutorial experience through a detailed yet concise discussion of setting program defaults creating maps working with maps and using the menus and toolbars The remaining part provides description of the function and syntax for the map analysis operations Once you are comfortable with basic operation of MapCalc you are ready to consider using it in solving spatial problems and constructing GIS models The MapCalc Applications document provides numerous examples of applying the broad set of Map Analysis tools The application examples use the tutorial databases provided and you are encouraged to review the material then perform the analysis on your own As your familiarity with MapCalc increases you can input your own data and begin developing your own spatial models moving you beyond mapping toward spatial reasoning and better information for decision making Lesson 7 GIS Modeling MAP PEDIGREE FLOWCHART Situation d All GIS models can be expressed as a flowchart of
16. pCalc at the beginning of this Tutorial Recall that the display type lattice and grid and data type continuous and discrete greatly affects map display see Lesson 2 Keep in mind however that while the display might change the underlying data stored in the map table is not changed By slowly moving the cursor over a map a tracking window continuously updates the value for each location Maps containing Continuous data report display values interpolated from the surrounding actual values stored in the MapCalc table Discrete data maps report the category label for the locations Click on the word View on the main menu then select Data Inspection option A listing of all of the maps in the database pops up and is continuously updated for the actual data values as the cursor is moved over the map This drill down feature works for both 2 D and 3 D displays Click on the words Map Set on the main menu then select New graph and choose Histogram to generate a plot of the data distribution of a map Select the Slope map for a plot of its data Note that the scroll list only shows maps that contain Continuous data Click on the words Map Set on the main menu then select New graph and choose Scatterplot to generate a plot of the joint frequency for a pair of maps Select the Slope map for the X axis and the Elevation map for the Y axis The plot contains the regression line that graphically shows the relationship betwe
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18. renumber gt NO_PROX note NO_SLOPE NO_PROX compute times gt CONSTRAINTS note a binary masking map is created where 02 Not Available and 1 OK to Develop note 3a Not over 50 slope RENUMBER SLOPEMAP ASSIGN 1 TO 0 THRU 50 ASSIGN 0 TO 50 THRU 1000 FOR NO SLOPE note 3b Not within 100 meters RENUMBER PROX W ASSIGN 0 TO 0 THRU 1 4 ASSIGN 1 TO 1 4 THRU 100 FOR NO PROX note 3c Combine individual constraints COMPUTE NO SLOPE TIMES NO PROX FOR CONSTRAINTS note Section 4 Development Suitability Map note S_PREF note R PREF note W PREF average gt POTENTIAL note V PREF note A PREF note POTENTIAL CONSTRAINTS compute times POTENTIAL MASKED note 4a Total individual preferences for overall campground suitability COMPUTE S_PREF PLUS R_PREF PLUS W PREF PLUS V PREF PLUS A PREF FOR POTENTIAL TOTAL note 4a Average individual preferences for overall campground suitability CALCULATE POTENTIAL TOTAL 5 0 FOR POTENTIAL AVERAGE note 4c Eliminate constrained areas COMPUTE CONSTRAINTS TIMES POTENTIAL AVERAGE FOR POTENTIAL MASKED note There are three types of modifications that can be made to GIS models note WEIGHTING of interpreted maps use the times option in the Analyze command note PARAMETERIZATION of preference maps change the assign phrases in Renumber note STRUCTURAL additions to model logic add new criteria such as being in or nea
19. rlay and choose the Road prox map you just created In this display the information about proximity to roads is graphically overlaid on the 3 D plot of the Elevation surface cr iis Click on the Map analysis button to resurrect the analysis dialog box Note that your last entry is still there Double click on the command line and the Spread operation s dialog box reappears You can edit any specification and rerun by clicking the OK button Neighbors E Click on the Neighbors button and select the Slope analysis operation Press the Help button to get information about the function and specifications for Slope Note that the operation is used to creates a map indicating the slope 1st derivative along a continuous surface In this example you will create a map that shows the terrain inclination for each map location by fitting a plane to the nine elevation values surrounding the location terrain slope SLOPE Elevation Fitted FOR Slopemap Complete the specifications shown above by Y Slope choose Elevation gt as the map to measure terrain inclination Y For enter Slopemap gt aS the name of the new map created Y use the defaults for all of the other options Press the OK button to create a map of slope Close the Map Analysis dialog box to view the map increasing map values indicate steeper areas Click on the View Rename Delete button and select the Elevation map to redisplay it Click on
20. ro for the Campground Suitability Model by Qccess the Grid Analysis module by pressing the Grid Analysis button on the Main Toolbar Select Script gt Open from the Map Analysis menu navigate to the C MapCalc Data Scripts folder open the Campground scr script Command Macro Procedures Map Analysis olx Each line of the command macro contains an individual I XE MapCalc command The command lines are executed in Distance 7 Ad Neighbors Statistical their listed order top to bottom You can execute the EUR entire command macro in batch mode by selecting Script gt Run Script You can view a command s specifications by double clicking on a command line then click OK to execute the command and display the derived map Reclassify v Overlay Operation Detail Display Clean Up SLOPE Elevation Fitted FOR Slopemap LL D SPREAD Roads TO 100 Uphill Only Simply FOR Proximity roads 2D SPREAD Water TO 100 Uphill Only Simply FOR Proximity water 2D RADIATE Water OVER Elevation TO 100 AT 1 NULLVALUE 0 Compl 2D ORIENT Elevation Octants FOR Aspectmap 2D RENUMBER Slopemap ASSIGNING 8 TO 0 THRU 5 ASSIGNING 8 2D RENUMBER Proximity roads ASSIGNING 9 TO 0 THRU 8 ASSIGNI 2D RENUMBER Proximity water ASSIGNING 9 TO 0 THRU 2 ASSIGNI 2D RENUMBER Exposure water ASSIGNING 9 TO 80 THRU 150 ASSI 2D RENUMBER Aspectmap ASSIGNING 9 TO 6 THRU 8 ASSIGNING 7 2D RENUMBER Slopemap ASSIGNING 1 TO 0 THRU 50 ASSIGN
21. s Starting MapCalc To begin a MapCalc session 1 Click on the Windows Start button 2 Navigate to Programs gt MapCalc Learner and click on the MapCalc Learner icon 3 Choose Open existing map set from the MapCalc Quick Start menu and open the Tutor25 rgs database The RGS table will be accessed several of the base maps will be opened and a 2 D display of the Elevation map will be maximized Exiting MapCalc To exit a MapCalc session click on the word File in the main menu and select Exit When exiting the Tutorial lessons press the No button to NOT save the changes to the Tutor25 rgs database It is recommended to exit with out saving after each lesson to insure that the initial form of the database is used when starting another lesson The Tutor25 BackUp rgs file in the MapCalc Learner CD folder WapCalc Other Resources is a backup copy of the Tutorial25 database Lesson 1 Displaying Maps Access the Tutor25 database as described in Starting MapCalc at the beginning of this Tutorial Slowly move the cursor over the map and observe the map values associated with various locations The color levels identified in the map legend aggregate the elevation values into ten 200 foot contour intervals ranging from 500 to 2500 BE Click on the Layer mesh button on the main tool bar The grid configuration for the Tutor25 database is 25 columns by 25 rows 25 x 252 625 grid cells Each cell is 100 x 100 meters 10 00
22. ser s Manual contains more information about features and capabilities of each analysis operation _ Distance Click on the Distance button and select the Spread analysis operation Press the Help button to get information about the function and specifications for Spread Note that the operation is used to create a map indicating the shortest effective distance from specified cells to all other locations In this example you will create a map that shows the distance from all map locations to the nearest road location proximity to roads Spread x Spread Roads Null o o Thu z Select Uphill C Downhill pe ss e SPREAD Roads TO 35 Uphill Only Simply FOR Road_prox Complete the specifications shown above by Y Spread choose Roads aS the map to measure distance from Y To lt specify 35 gt as the maximum number of grid cells away from the roads Y For enter Road prox aS the name of the new map created V use the defaults for all of the other options Press the OK button to create the proximity map Close the Map Analysis dialog box to view the Road prox map increasing map values indicate areas farther away from roads The farthest location is in the upper left corner and is 10 7 cells away 10 7 cells 100 m cell 2 1070 meters Click on the View Rename Delete button L and select the Elevation map to redisplay the map Click on the word Map then select Ove
23. that the plot has considerably less vertical exaggeration To eliminate the plot cube click on Cube Color and change the color to white background color Source l Statistics Equation Legend Plot Cube Units Data St Display Tite To convert the current units to another unit enter the units to convert to and press the Convert button Apply to Open Maps Use As Map Defaults Click on the Units tab Currently there are no units associated with the Elevation map To set map units enter feet press the Convert button respond yes to use a conversion factor of 1 and press the Apply button Note that the units feet are now associated with the map and are included in the map legend Apply to Open Maps Use As Map Defaults Be 1 Click on the Data tab to view the map values in table form Use the slider bars to scroll the columns 1 to 25 from left to right X axis with east at right and rows 1 to 25 from bottom to top Y axis with North at top The next lesson will describe several other procedures for data inspection and charting Display Title Legend PlotCube Unis Dat Statistics Equation Source Min 500 Feet Max 2 500 Feet Range 2 000 Feet Mean 1 293 Feet Median 1 258 Feet Std Dev 596 Feet Variance 355 216 Feet Gridded Area 1 544 acres Apply to Open Maps Use As Map Defaults Click on the Statistics tab for a listing of statis
24. the word Map then select Overlay and choose the Slopemap you just created In this display the information about terrain slope is graphically overlaid on the 3 D plot of the Elevation surface Importing and exporting grid data with other software packages is important If you have the Surfer system installed bundled with MapCalc educational version you can automatically export launch and view maps in Surfer software Right click anywhere on the Elevation map then select View in Surfer and choose the Wireframe display type These specifications launch a series of actions the map is exported as a temporary GRD file Surfer is activated the GRD file is imported and a wireframe display is generated At this point the Elevation map that originated in MapCalc is fully available for Surfer processing Note that only the Elevation map active map layer was transferred without the graphic overlay map of slope Direct import export in a variety of formats 1s supported provided the databases share the same grid configuration In this example you will import a map developed in Surfer software that shows the level of animal activity Cr ee Import Export Click on the Map analysis button click on the Import Export button and select Import to pop up the import dialog box Iv From pCalc apCalc Data 4_act ard Select MapName NulValue PMAP NULL X LL Coordinates X 0 Y fo UR Coordinates X 0 af fo
25. tics summarizing the map values Display l Title Legend Plot Cube Units Dat Statistics Equation Source The following equation was used to build this layer IMPORT c ex elevation ard SURFER TRUE Elevation Apply to Open Maps Use As Map Defaults Apply Cancel Help Click on the Equation tab for information about how the map was created In this example the Elevation map was imported form a data file in Surfer format Each map created by a MapCalc operation contains the complete specification that derived it metadata tracking Display Tie Legend PlotCube Units Dat Statistics Equation Source Grid Size 25 rows x 25 cols Lower Left Lat 40 329143 Lon 104 035969 Apply to Open Maps Use As Map Defaults Click on the Source tab for information about the database configuration Show Grid Lines Show Units v Apply to Open Maps j Click on the word View on the main menu then select Options to access the global default dialog box that allows you to customize the look and feel of the software Refer to the MapCalc User Manual for the procedures and settings available in the Options dialog box Exit the Tutor25 database as described in Exiting MapCalc at the beginning of this Tutorial do not save your changes Lesson 5 Data Inspection and Charting Access the Tutor25 database as described in Starting Ma
26. tions Statistics Calculation Mode For Ranges Equal Ranges had Number of ranges fio Round ranges by fio Color Interpolation Method C RGB HSV Click on the Calculations tab to activate the interface for changing the display intervals There are two primary specifications needed to set the ranges used in defining the intervals 1 Number of Ranges and 2 Calculation Mode for Ranges Number cftenger 10 zl Change the number of intervals from 10 to 5 Note the change in the upper and lower values defining each of the five intervals and the number of grid cells they contain Press the Apply button to view the map with the new interval assignments Calculation Mode For Ranges Eua Ranges z Use the drop down scroll list down arrow next to the Calculation input field Change the Equal Ranges mode to Equal Count Note the change in the upper and lower values defining the intervals right side and the number of grid cells assigned to each Press the Apply button to view the change in the map Range Controls Calculations Statistics Histogram Templates Template Selector krone x gt D Save Save As elete I2 Click on the Template tab to store the new display settings Press the Save As button and enter Tutorial as the name for the new display template Press the drop down scroll list and retrieve any of the other current templates to apply to the map Repeat
27. to retrieve and reapply your Tutorial template See the MapCalc User Manual for more information on the considerations and effects of interval calculations Exit the Tutor25 database as described in Exiting MapCalc at the beginning of this Tutorial do not save your changes Lesson 4 Setting Map Properties Access the Tutor25 database as described in Starting MapCalc at the beginning of this Tutorial Right click anywhere within the map and select the Properties option Another way to access the dialog box is to click on the word Map on the main menu and select Properties 3D View I Floor Contour Iv Layer Contour Iv Floor Contour Lines Iv Layer Contour Lines Ceiling Contour T XY Mesh Ceiling Contour Lines Use Cells 3D Tilt 30 Apply to Open Maps Use As Map Defaults EM Click on the Display tab to show the basic settings for the current map display The buttons at the bottom enable you to apply the settings to all of the other maps and or store them as the default settings global settings rarely done If you make changes in the settings you can apply the changes to the current map by pressing the Apply button at the bottom individual map settings Stati ics Equation Source Legend Plot Cube Units Title Eont Elevation Em Color Y JV Show title es IV Use default 30 In z wan 2 f Apply to Open Maps Use As Map Defaults
28. undamental MapCalc Concepts XYZ Data File MapCalc is a grid based map analysis system Individual map layers are stored in a database table RGS file as a series of map values Each map value is geo referenced to a cell in a rectangular grid that extends over a project area Import Data Interpolate Point Data Read Grid Data r Store as RGS Table Layer A MapCalc database consists of a set of maps having the same configuration and usually identified with a common application Maps can be created by directly importing data in grid form Grid Analysis Main Menu interpolating a set of discrete points or by performing map analysis Derive New Grid Maps 2D and 3D Map Display ae on existing maps The number of columns rows cell size and the Longitude Latitude St coordinates of the extent define the Grid Configuration The Main 2 Beem aaepe Menu provides extensive procedures for map management display ee and data summary The Map Management and Display Tools consists of buttons used to directly access map viewing and management operations The Work Area identifies the portion of the screen used for map display and reporting data summaries Summary pop up The Map Analysis Menu contains operations that use existing data to derive a new map such as using an encoded Road map to create a map of Proximity to roads It is accessed through the Map Analysis button with the Management and Display Tool
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