T e Recow - Publications - University Corporation for Atmospheric
Contents
1. 21 776 99 64 Day Avg 24 000 0 535 0 344 0 050 1 245 0 016 0 018 21 792 0 040 21 752 0 059 21 694 99 73 Volume 7 Number 5 26 May 1 1986 Trouble Design Report April 1986 CRAY 153 TROUBLE IF statement in DO loop performs improperly EXAMPLE DIMENSION A 200 B 200 C 200 DO 10 I 1 2 DO 9 J 1 200 IF 1EQ 1 C J A J IF 1EQ 2 C J B J _ 9 CONTINUE 10 CONTINUE COMMENTS After executing this loop the correct values of C are stored for the first 128 elements However C is equal to zero for elements 129 200 TEMPORARY SOLUTION IF ELSE THEN loops may be used or the IF statement may be moved out of the loop in this particular case ORIGINATOR Barb Horner Miller The Record The Record Issued by the National Center for Atmospheric Research Scientific Computing Division P O Box 3000 Boulder Colorado 80307 PRINTED MATTER Non Profit Organization U S POSTAGE PAID Boulder Colorado Permit No 5582. Volume 7 A Newsletter of the Scientific Computing DE Number 5 National Center for Atmospheric Rese A 90 N A AAA AAA ee ee AAA y rr ro ne see MUAAAAA 60 N ee SKY Mm 11114 gt Mam AAA Y y i i b gt i S a a gt i fs 1 a 30 N o t t yyy ip 4 a JAS Stren y 1144 44 sees O y 60 S eR E E i a E ee ee ee ER y os TR AN 180 120 W 60 W 0 60 E 120E 180 Inside Downtime Reminder CRAY X MP 48 Hardware Components New Software POLISH and PC Graphics Emulation Volume 7 Number 4 2 April 1 1986 SERVICES DIRECTORY FTS prefix 320 Direct dial prefix 303 497 NCAR Operator 303 497 1000 Consulting Office 303 497 1278 NEW USER INFORMATION extension Computing Resource Applications Cicely Ridley 1211 John Adams 1213 Project amp User Number Assignment Rosemary Mitchell 1235 Document amp Manual Distribution Sal Farfan Send electronic mail using TO SAL on the IBM 4341 REMOTE USER INFORMATION Data Communications RJE US Telecom UNINET RJE Password Assignment Visitor Information OPERATIONAL INFORMATION Computer Operations Machine Room Graphics Operations 1292 Bill Ragin Marla Sparn Rosemary Mitchell Kathy Lucero Bob Niffenegger Oper Supervisor Andy Robertson 1 2 Tape Librarian
3. that uses PWRX The graphics metacode was processed on the DICOMED film processor Software Change Articles All articles about changes to software which affect the computing environment are now flagged with the triple Delta insignia as shown in the example below AXA Example of a Software Change Article Title by An Author The Record Volume 7 Number 5 4 May 1 1986 Consulting Office Schedule for May 1986 The Consulting Office will not have a regular schedule during May Due to the extended shutdown of the Machine Room scheduled to begin May 3 see item below the Con sulting Office will not adhere to a regular schedule during most of May Consultants will be available for several days following the shutdown thereafter calls will be handled by any avail able consultant or will be forwarded to the Consulting Office answering machine Contact the Consulting Office at 303 497 1278 Extended Downtime Period Scheduled for May and June This is a reminder that the SCD Machine Room at the Mesa Laboratory will be shut down for an extended period to complete site preparation for the CRAY X MP 48 and to perform much needed upgrades to the power supply and distribution equipment The current estimate of the shutdown schedule is for the period from Saturday May 3 to Monday June 2 However please note that the schedule may change due to variations in equipment supplies and contrac tor workloads The CRAY X MP 48 Hardware Co
4. 2 Software for SSD management under development at CRI 3 Multitasking which can be categorized as macrotasking or microtasking The following is a brief summary of the discussion Tom drew a diagram illustrating the architecture of the CRAY X MP 48 consisting of the mainframe the Solid state Storage Device SSD the I O Subsystem IOS and the DD49 disks He said that CRI currently supports two operating systems COS the Cray Operating System and UNICOS a version of the UNIX operating system developed by Bell Laboratories NCAR s machine will run COS COS supports execution of jobs on a single processor of the X MP or on multiple processors The SSD has a capacity of 128 million 64 bit words the mainframe has 4 processors and 8 mil lion words of central memory and the IOS has four separate processors The four processors of the IOS are for maintenance buffer memory disk I O and an auxiliary processor for the MSS the NLAN link and any other additional needs that might arise NCAR will be getting the CRI VM Station which will handle interactive work and dataset staging Tom said that the IBM version of the VM station is the best version offered by CRI SCD will install it on the IBM computers In Tom s opinion NCAR s IBM users will probably prefer to use the CRI VM Sta tion to perform work on the CRAY X MP 48 rather than using the NLAN Tom discussed the SSD and the job scheduler and there was discussion about backgro
5. Research Inc CRI and other companies Bob said that if anyone has suggestions for topics they should contact Dick Sato at 303 497 1278 or Ann Cowley Head of the Infor mation Services Group at 303 497 1223 Regarding software rather than trying to convert all libraries to support multitasking SCD will convert routines upon request as they are needed for multitasking Users who intend to multitask code should contact Dick Valent at 303 497 1302 or Dick Sato at 303 497 1287 The Subcommittee considering new methods for charging is now meeting on a regular weekly basis Chairing the committee is Pete Peterson SCD Administrator and members include Paul Rotar Roy Jenne Dick Sato Bob Lackman and Barb Horner all of SCD Dennis Shea and Bob Chervin of AAP At the last meeting the members discussed which items should incur or not incur charges in the areas associated with the new Mass Storage System MSS Dennis Shea representing the SCD user community contributed many valuable ideas and suggestions Pete Peterson will make a presentation to SCDUG in approximately 10 weeks Dick Sato said Pete wants to handle charging on disk and storage first so anyone with ideas for changes in this area should notify Pete immediately Regarding file management documentation is now available on new utilities to allow users to list information about files on the new MSS These utilities will give directory listings of the files and selected
6. TBM Tape Librarian Software Distribution Sue Long Mary Trembour Belinda Housewright Sue Long Sue Long Output Mailing SCHEDULE OF MACHINE UNAVAILABILITY All machines may be down from 07 00 until 08 30 daily for Systems Checkout In addition some machines will be down for Preventive Maintenance as follows CRAY C1 06 00 08 00 Monday Wednesday CRAY CA 06 00 08 00 Tuesday amp Thursday TBM 06 00 07 00 Daily The Record is published monthly by the Scientific Computing Division of the National Center for Atmospheric Research NCAR is operated by the University Corporation for Atmospheric Research and is sponsored by the National Science Foundation Reference to a company or product name does not imply approval or recommendation of that company or product to the exclusion of others Robert Nicol Editor Ann Cowley Head Information Services Ken Hansen Trouble Design Reports Ken Walton Summary of NCAR Computer Use JoAnn Knudson Computer Resources Allocated The Record Volume 7 Number 4 3 April 1 1986 Table of Contents Features Consulte Ollice Schedule eiii IN 4 Extended Downtime Period Scheduled for May and June cooccccnnccncconnoo 4 The CRAY X MP 48 Hardware Components coccooococccinonoconcncnnnnnananccinncnnnnnos 4 Software News A CRAY Software Tools at NCAR sa cia ees 8 The POR FRAN FF POLIH UGNY sirere en E T 9 For The Record MicroNews The PC Graphics Emulator EM4010
7. banks The banks are further grouped into 4 sections which consist of 16 banks The Record Volume 7 Number 5 6 May 1 1986 Section Banks numbers in octal 0 0 3 20 23 40 43 60 63 1 4 7 24 27 44 47 64 67 2 10 13 30 33 50 53 70 73 3 14 17 34 37 53 57 74 77 There is an independent data path from each CPU to each of the 4 sections of memory This organization allows up to 16 memory references per Clock Period CP Memory Access Conflicts A memory reference cycle requires 4 CPs That is a request to a memory bank will take 4 CPs to complete and therefore a subsequent request for a word from the same bank will be held until the current request is completed A memory bank conflict occurs when a request to a busy bank is issued The request will be delayed from 1 to 3 CPs for the previous request to complete A memory bank conflict is one of three types of memory access conflicts 1 Busy bank conflicts are caused by any port within or between CPUs requesting a bank that is currently in a reference cycle a memory bank conflict 2 Simultaneous bank conflicts are caused by two or more ports in different CPUs request ing the same bank 3 Section access conflicts are caused by two or more ports in the same CPU requesting any bank in the same section Layout of Words in Memory Consecutive addresses in memory are assigned to consecutive banks For example an array A is stored in consecutive words in memory
8. corrects a problem that caused CFT to generate bad vector code for loops containing IF statements CRAY 1 COMPUTERS Between Sunday February 16 and 19 20 on Saturday March 15 a bug in a new CRAY software feature on both CRAY 1 machines caused a random store of zeros to be placed in the lower order of bits in memory Although this problem occurred infrequently please check job results from that period carefully A fix for the problem was installed on both CRAY 1 machines at 19 20 on Saturday March 15 March 20 1986 CRAY CFT CHANGE The modification to the default CFT that was installed yesterday was removed from both CRAY 1 computers at approximately 12 00 yesterday The modification resulted in a regression in the Community Climate Model as well as causing problems in other code CRAY 1 COMPUTERS The operating system on both CRAY 1 machines was altered this morning to prevent Dataset Allocation Table DAT overflow This change should be tran sparent to users April 9 1986 CRAY 1 USERS Due to increased system memory requirements primarily for the MSS driver Jobs that need most or all of USER AVAILABLE MEMORY cannot run without special mani pulations by the Operations staff You may have noticed irregularities in job scheduling for these jobs Operations must temporarily suspend memory resident portions of the system software such as the network and MSS drivers to enable these large jobs to run We regret the inconvenience this c
9. for any tape activity you are planning Type TAPELIST on the IBM 4341 system and you will be in the XEDIT editor Enter your tape numbers type FILE and follow the prompts March 24 1986 REMOTE USERS If you DISPOSE your output to SCD printers SCD Operations urges you to DISPOSE your output to fiche or film Mailing costs have become prohibitive To DISPOSE to fiche use the following JCL JOB DISPOSE DN 0UT SDN DUMMY MF D1 DC PR DF CH DEFER TEXT TITL TITLE gt The DICOMED processor will output your fiche with the title TITLE To get your output on microfilm add CAME FILM to the TEXT string April 15 1986 KERMIT USERS If you have problems with file transfer over UNINET please send details via electronic mail TO MARLA on the IBM 4341 system The Record Volume 7 Number 5 24 May 1 1986 Computer Resources Allocated in March 1986 GAU SCIENTIST PROJECT TITLE Request Alloc Mark DeMaria North Carolina State University Spectral analysis of PAM data during GALE 5 0 Jenn Luen Song Colorado State University Formulating a cumulus parameterization from a cumulus large eddy simulation Klaus M Weickmann University of Wisconsin Madison Diagnostic studies of global circulation patterns Peter R Bannon University of Chicago Lee cyclogenesis Alan E Lipton Colorado State University Analysis of convective potential
10. group were incorrect The problem did not occur if you supplied TYPE CORR datasets to the procedures rather than original data Address questions or problems to Harsh Anand Passi at 303 497 1285 The Record Volume 7 Number 5 23 May 1 1986 April 1 1986 NCARLB CHANGES As promised in the March issue of The Record entries from several LOCLIB packages will be deleted from NCARLB on April 2 The packages are GEAR EIGCG1 EIGCG2 EIGHFS EIGRG2 EIGSFM EIGSFS EIGSTM and EIGSTS Note that this Sane affects the TES library NCARLB only source for these packages ERICIN on library LOCLIB will remain intact April 9 1986 SAS VERSION 5 08 USERS A bug has been fixed in PROC SUMMARY It produced incorrect sums of squares and incorrect statistics based on sums of squares such as variance standard deviation etc for all levels of interaction except the lowest level Address questions or prob lems to Harsh Anand Passi at 303 497 1285 April 16 1986 SAS USERS As of Tuesday April 15 the new SAS Version 5 08 has become the default SAS version and can be accessed with the SAS EXEC see the April 1986 issue of The Record The old version of the SAS can be accessed with the OLDSAS EXEC Please direct any problems or questions to the Consulting Office at 303 497 1278 MISCELLANEOUS March 19 1986 1 2 INCH TAPE USERS Since the 1 2 inch Tape Library has been moved it is essential that you give Operations a tape list
11. indentation of control structures systematic token spacing systematic labelling and line identification You can obtain a copy of The POLISH 77 User s Guide by contacting Sal Farfan at 303 497 1292 Please direct questions to CRAY Software Librarian Dick Valent at 303 497 1302 March 1986 To visually beautify and enhance readability of programs written in FORTRAN 77 POLISH is supported at NCAR on the CRAY machines only Input consists of a local dataset containing FORTRAN 77 source code and optional values for the POLISH formatting features Output consists of an error dataset and a dataset containing the polished code You can use POLISH by specifying the following CRAY 1 command POLISH TEXTIN textin TEXTOUT textout ERR err LMARGS Imargs RMARGS rmargs LMARGC Imargc INDNTS indnts INDNTC indntc MOVESF movesf LABELS labels IDENTL identl KCMMNT kcmmnt MCMMNT mcmmnt CRAY local dataset containing FORTRAN 77 code to be polished Each invocation of POLISH processes one file of dataset textin If TEXTIN IN the current file of IN is polished Otherwise only the first file of textin is polished Default value is IN CRAY local dataset containing polished code resulting from POLISH operating on TEXTIN textin If TEXTOUT 0UT the polished code is appended to OUT Otherwise the dataset textout is rewound before being written Default value is OUT CRAY local dataset containing errors flagged by POLISH I
12. oocccocccccnoccnnconnconncnnncnnanons 11 TBM Mass Storage NEWS uranio stoa 14 Computing Resources Earmarked for Oceanography cooocococcnccnccnnccconaconnnoso 15 SCD Advisory Panel Meeting Schedule ooccoccccccnoconnconoconncnncnnncnononannninonooos 15 LOF Foal TBM Puree iria di 16 Documentation OG Abe cunioera don 16 Minutes of the SCD Users Group Meeting occccccnnononcncnonananonoccnonannnonacococnonnnns 16 Summary of Daily Bulletin Hems m s anat is 20 Computer Resource Allocations o oooccoooccosonocnnnononccnnnanannnonnonccnononcnnacanananoss 24 Summary o NCAR Computer Us errado 25 Trouble Design Report CRAY 152 ascii iipciss 26 Cover Graphic The graphic on the cover of this issue was produced by Grant Branstator of the Atmospheric Analysis and Prediction Division and was originally published in The Journal of Atmospheric Science Vol 42 November 1 1985 The data were the result of a representation of the solu tion of a theoretical model Grant modelled the influence of a warm surface temperature ano maly on atmospheric flow over the entire globe The shaded area at the left represents the warm temperature anomalies the arrows indicate the direction of energy propagation and the contour lines represent the magnitude of response to the anomaly Grant produced this plot using the CONREC and VALVCT routines in the NCAR Graphics Package and produced the labels with a routine written by Robert Chervin AAP
13. this article In addition to the standard VT220 features EM4010 offers many other extended features Among these are Split screen horizontal scrolling Programmable scroll rate Screen scroll back DOS Hot Key support Color support Command files Automatic modem dialer Phone directory Data logging and replay On line help Unlimited set up configurations Easy to use file transfer capability between the PC and host computer system The Record Volume 7 Number 5 12 May 1 1986 The package is very well documented and is easy to set up This emulation software permits the capture of graphics display to disk files for later screen copying or making hard copies on the printer or plotter see 2 for further details PC Setup for EM4010 Emulation A Hardware and Software Requirements The following hardware and software are required to use the EM4010 software An IBM PC XT AT or compatible model with one disk drive e One serial port e One of the following graphics boards IBM standard color IBM Enhanced color Hercules Monochrome Tecmar Graphics Master AT amp T 6300 Or any graphics card compatible with one of the above e 256K of memory e DOS version 2 0 or higher e Optional printer and or plotters see 2 for the list of printers and plotters sup ported by EM4010 B Emulator Menu Editing This software package has several default setup configuration files fo
14. P and the CRAY 1 computers will allow an easy transfer of jobs from the CRAY 1 machines to the CRAY X MP New features on the CRAY X MP may require some changes in modes of operation but these features will provide a sub stantial increment in computing resources available for NCAR users Richard Sato of SCD s Advanced Methods Section is handling user training for the CRAY X MP system The Record Volume 7 Number 5 8 May 1 1986 AMA CRA Y Software Tools at NCAR by Dick Valent The NCAR Software and Libraries Group SLG has supported a local version of the Software Tools on NCAR s CRAY machines for more than three years These tools and associated utility routines originally were developed by Brian Kernighan and P J Plauger as documented in their book Software Tools and later were brought up on NCAR s CRAY machines by SCD staff members With the installation of COS 1 14 a CRAY supported version of the Software Tools is now available Accordingly the local version of the Tools supported by SLG will be replaced on June 18 1986 in deference to the CRAY version Until then users may access the local Tools by including CRAY procedure LTOOLS formerly called TOOLS in their JCL prior to the first Tools usage However users are strongly encouraged to change their jobs to the CRAY version as quickly as possible by using the following JCL template CTOOLS SH EXIT EOF your Tools commands go here COS JCL
15. TACT OPERATIONS FOR ASSISTANCE AT 303 497 1200 Aid from the Operators will enable your job to run as efficiently as possible without flooding the CRAY disk storage and coordinating your personal downloading efforts with SPETNE will speed throughput for everyone March 24 1986 MASS STORAGE SYSTEM SCD is currently moving data from DEDICATED TBM reels to the new Mass Storage System MSS Dedicated reel owners are advised to write all new datasets to the MSS by following the example below DISPOSE DN LOCNM MF MS ID DIR This will result in a file on the MSS with the file name LOGID DIR LOCNM where LOGID is your user name from the User Master File UMF DIR is a directory name and LOCNM is the dataset name The files that SCD has written for you have a LOGID of MSS and a directory name correspond ing to the MVN name of your dedicated reel MSS TLXXX LOCNM where TLXXX is the MVN and LOCNM is the staged dataset name SDN If you have a CTxxxx assigned to you as your virtual volume you may use the TEXT field on the DISPOSE statement TEXT MVN CTxxxx The Record Volume 7 Number 5 22 May 1 1986 To ACQUIRE a file written for you by SCD use the following ACQUIRE DN LOCNM MF MS ID TLXXX TEXT USER MSS Use USER MSS only for ACQUIREs of MSS files that SCD has moved DO NOT use USER MSS for files that you DISPOSE to MSS More information will be available in the April issue of The Record in Consulting Office docu men
16. at the mesoscale Richard H Johnson Jeffrey R Zimmerman Colorado State University Analysis of PRE STORM surface mesonet data Note A request may be supported at a lower level than requested because A It exceeds the five hour limit above which Panel review is required or B Reviewers consider the amount of time requested to be excessive The Record a wy eget Volume 7 Number 5 25 May 1 1986 Summary of NCAR Computer Use for March 1986 CRAY CA COMPUTER Fiscal Y TD Total Day Avg Clock Hours in the Month 4368 00 24 000 less Scheduled PM less Hardware Downtime less Software Downtime less Environmental Downtime less Operations Use less Other Causes Clock Hours Up less Systems Checkout Clock Hours Avail to Users less Idle Time Clock Hours in Use Available Hours Used Clock Hours in the Month less Scheduled PM less Hardware Downtime less Software Downtime less Environmental Downtime less Operations Use less Other Causes Clock Hours Up less Systems Checkout Clock Hours Avail to Users less Idle Time Clock Hours in Use Available Hours Used CRAY C1 COMPUTER 89 51 43 29 11 46 216 54 1 89 4 95 4000 36 22 99 3977 37 14 15 3963 22 Total 4308 00 97 34 62 64 9 10 226 65 2 90 3 22 3966 15 7 24 3958 91 10 66 3948 25 Fiscal YTD 0 492 0 238 0 063 1 190 0 010 0 027 21 980 0 126 21 854 0 078
17. atives from several divisions at NCAR discussed the merits of various Terminal Emulation software packages Several desirable features were specified and with those in mind the following three software packages were selected as candidates for evaluation After investigating relative merits of the proposed packages we found that the EM4010 pack age from Diversified Computer Systems DCS outperformed the others with regard to cost documentation level of support extended software features ease of use and so on For both ASCII and graphics terminal emulation on the IBM PC and compatible machines we found EM4010 software quite adequate SCD s User Services Section staff have been evaluating vari ous versions of this software for some time While early versions had a few bugs the latest release has performed well Its salient features are given below Salient Features of the EM4010 Software Package EM4010 is a menu driven terminal emulator which converts an IBM or compatible PC into a Tektronics 4010 4014 graphics terminal It can also be used as a VT220 VT102 VT52 or VT100 terminal with a variety of minicomputers and mainframes including IBM 4341 comput ers UNIX systems DEC VAX computers and others The PC is connected to the host com puter directly or by an autodial modem The EM4010 emulates most features of the VT220 ter minal see the EM220 Product Description Reference 2 of the three references listed at the end of
18. attributes Carl asked if MSS directory software is available on the CRAY 1 machines Bob replied that it is currently available only on the IBM 4341 system Carl said that a hard copy listing would be very useful and asked what the time frame would be for implementing this in CRAY JCL Bob said that this project has been given a high priority and Ann Cowley said that User Services would work on software to make MSS information available in a file on he IBM 4341 system which could be printed and also install a version of on the CRAY 1 machines Bob announced another utility soon to be released that helps move PSTORE files to the MSS In response to Ron Gilliland s concern about SCD investing too much manpower in multitask ing Bob said that SCD is attempting to approach this from a conservative standpoint The Record Volume 7 Number 5 19 May 1 1986 Multitasking will be allowed and users will not be overcharged for using multitasking On the other hand there is no requirement for any user to multitask Bob said that a pre processor will soon be available from Cray Research Inc CRI that allows multitasking through simple directives Discussion of CRAY X MP 48 Architecture and Multitasking Tom Engel Tom Engel Cray Site Analyst prepared a presentation on the architecture of the CRAY X MP 48 at the request of SCDUG Bob Lackman suggested that Tom include the following in his discussion 1 Interactive VM station software
19. auses for users however manual manipulation of job scheduling is necessary in these cases TBM March 19 1986 TBM JOINT DEDICATED REEL USERS Your datasets on TBM joint dedicated reels are currently being moved to the MSS You will find them there in MSS TLXXXX DATASETNAME The datasets will have a 720 day 2 year retention time to give you time to make decisions on moving or deleting them If you don t know the The Record Volume 7 Number 5 21 May 1 1986 TLXXXX name run the utility TBMVSN using a T after your user number The RENAME facility will be available by August 1 1986 Using that facility will retain the current retention date IF YOU DON T WANT DATASETS MOVED OPERATIONS WILL DELETE THEM All TBM users may give Mary Trembour x1232 or Sue Long x1245 lists of datasets they do not wish to have moved This includes dedicated reel users as well as public reel users April 14 1986 TBM PURGE The May 3rd TBM dataset purge has been cancelled The next and final TBM dataset purge will take place on June 28th All datasets not accessed after June 1st will be deleted at that time MASS STORAGE SYSTEM March 19 1986 MASS STORAGE SYSTEM SCD will move your data from the TBM to the new Mass Storage System MSS requiring no effort on your part However if you wish to move your data and you plan to transfer data from multiple reels or by using MAQR or by moving large numbers of datasets PLEASE CON
20. can be mixed with Tools commands EOF You can order The CRAY Software Tools Reference Manual 1 14 SR 0010 01 for 3 75 and The Software Tools Programmers Manual SN 0226 for 24 00 by contacting Teresa Homan CRAY Central Region Office 5350 Manhattan Drive Boulder Colorado USA 80303 Telephone 303 499 3055 Please make checks payable to Cray Research Inc Also please note that Manual SR 0010 incorrectly indicates that SN 0226 is available on line Please direct questions to CRAY Software Librarian Dick Valent at 303 497 1302 Dick Valent ts a CRAY Software Librarian in the User Services Section of SCD The Record Volume 7 Number 5 9 May 1 1986 The FORTRAN 77 POLISH Utility by Dick Valent Editors Note This article is a reprint of the Consulting Office document on the FORTRAN 77 POLISH utility it is reproduced in the format used for SCD documentation The full text is available from Sal Farfan SCD Documentation Specialist Contact him at 303 497 1292 or send electronic mail TO SAL on the IBM 4341 system INTRODUCTION LATEST REVISION PURPOSE USAGE PARAMETERS ON INPUT TEXTIN textin TEXTOUT textout ERR err Over the past four years the NCAR Software and Libraries Group has received many requests for a utility that beautifies or polishes FOR TRAN 77 code The POLISH utility was acquired and installed on NCAR s CRAY 1 machines to satisfy this need In particular POLISH provides
21. e subject to regular purges on the MSS The only advantage to using a virtual volume is the longer default retention time 367 days and the greater max imum retention time 4095 days Further information on virtual volumes is available in the Consulting Office document entitled The Mass Storage System see the Documentation Update column Please consider the poinis noted above in determining whether assignment of a virtual volume will answer your data storage needs The Record Volume 7 Number 5 15 May 1 1986 Computing Resources Earmarked for Oceanography Starting in September 1986 the computing power of the Scientific Computing Division will be enhanced by a CRAY X MP 4800 in addition to one CRAY 1A By agreement with the National Science Foundation up to 20 percent of the available computing resources are ear marked for university research in oceanography Support no longer limited to physical oceanography will be extended to include all areas of basic oceanographic research SCD looks forward to serving these new users and urges them to submit their requests for computing sup port in readiness for the resources that will become available in the Fall All requests for SCD computing resources are subject to peer review Allocations of up to five hours of CPU time on the CRAY 1A or the CRAY X MP 4800 are made by the Director of SCD and can be processed at any time Larger requests are reviewed by the SCD Advisory Panel whic
22. f TEXTOUT 0UT the error messages are appended to OUT The Record Volume 7 Number 5 LMARGS Imargs RMARGS rmargs LMARGC Imarge INDNTS indnts INDNTC indnte MOVESF movesf LABELS labels IDENTL identl KCMMNT kcemmnt MCMMNT memmnt SPECIAL CONDITIONS LANGUAGE HISTORY PORTABILITY 10 May 1 1986 otherwise dataset err is rewound before being written If dataset err is not OUT then it must be different than textout also Default value is OUT Left margin for statements Default value is 7 Right margin for statements Default value is 71 Left margin for comments Default is 3 Indentation for statement lines Default value is 2 Indentation for comment lines Default value is 2 Move format statements to end of program unit MOVESF 0 means do not move format statements MOVESF 1 means move format statements Default value is O Value of first label and of the label increment LABELS 0 means do not change labels Default value is 10 Fill identification field with line number and abbreviated unit name IDENTL 0 means leave identification field blank IDENTL 1 means fill in identification field Default value is 1 Parameter controlling display form of comments Possible values are 1 through 6 1 dashes precede text of indented comment lines 2 aster isks precede text of indented comment lines 3 half box of asterisks drawn around comment block 4 full box of asterisks drawn around comment block 5 if
23. f the update release date Updates for users who purchased EM4010 more than 90 days before the new release date will be required to pay a small fee not to exceed 35 00 User Support DCS has a toll free support number for technical support and provides help for emulator related questions For assistance call 800 621 8385 Extension 484 For more information contact Ken Hansen at 303 497 1294 or Harsh Anand Passi at 303 497 1285 or send electronic mail on the IBM 4341 system to HANSEN or HARSH respectively References 1 EM220 Product Description Diversified Computer Systems 2 EM4010 Product Description Diversified Computer Systems 3 EM4010 User Manual Diversified Computer Systems Harsh Anand Passi is a programmer and consultant in the User Services Section of SCD The Record Volume 7 Number 5 14 May 1 1986 TBM Mass Storage News As announced in the letter sent to all SCD computer users the TBM will be set to read only status on July 1 1986 All datasets created after that date must be sent to the new Mass Storage System MSS for permanent storage In addition you should note the following infor mation about dataset purges e The TBM dataset purge scheduled for May 3 1986 has been cancelled There will be no purge in May e The next and final purge of TBM datasets will take place on June 28 This purge will delete all datasets not accessed since June 1 1986 Note that the retention period for this p
24. h meets twice a year the next meeting is September 29 30 1986 Requests for review must be submitted to SCD by July 24 1986 Projects sponsored by the National Science Foundation receive computing resources free of charge All other projects are subject to charges for resources used For information on SCD s computing resources and services and about application and evalua tion procedures contact Ms Betty Thompson Assistant Administrator Scientific Computing Division National Center for Atmospheric Research P O Box 3000 Boulder CO 80307 3000 Telephone 303 497 1208 FTS 320 1208 SCD Advisory Panel Meeting Schedule With the advent of the CRAY X MP 4800 SCD s computing power will be enhanced by a fac tor of at least five It is expected that the new machine will become available to users in early Fall 1986 so now is the time to think about those big projects that have been waiting on the back burner because of lack of computing resources Requests for a total of more than five hours of central processor time on the CRAY 1A or the CRAY X MP 4800 computers must be considered by the SCD Advisory Panel which will meet September 29 30 1986 University users must submit large requests to John Adams or Cicely Ridley of the Scientific Computing Division by July 24 1986 Nine to ten weeks are needed for the preliminary review of requests and for the preparation printing and distribution of Panel materials The Reco
25. hat the prototype will evolve into a national broad band scientific data communications network Carl Mohr CSD asked which machine was being used as a gateway for the satellite link Walter replied that a Sun supermicro workstation is the current candidate one of SCD s Sun machines is now linked into the NCAR Local Area Network NLAN In the original plans the SCD Pyramid super minicomputer was to be used however it has been extremely difficult to establish a stable link between the Pyramid and the NLAN Carl asked what would happen when the link is established between the USAN network and the NLAN and more people begin to use the link Walter said that a stand alone machine to be used as a gateway will have to be procured by OASC funding SCD had hoped to use one of the IBM 4341 machines as the gateway but the necessary software is not available A proposal to OASC is now being prepared and will be submitted at the proper time Carl asked if the users at 30th Street would be able to use this as a gateway machine with the same software Walter confirmed this Ray asked about the dates of the shutdown Gary Jensen said that it is tentatively scheduled from May 5 to June 4 but it will be another week before the contractor establishes that he can begin on May 5 There could be a delay of a few days Ray expressed concern about the una vallability of the PACX during the shutdown and Gary said that it is still not clear how they will get the po
26. ical Facilities has informed SCD that the PACX should be in operation for much of the scheduled downtime However it is likely that the PACX will have to be shut down for limited periods during work on the power supply equipment In addition unseasonably hot weather may interfere with temporary cooling measures which would also force a shutdown Users can anticipate that the PACX will be available aside from these exceptions Walter said that the CRAY C1 machine Serial 14 will be shut down at the end of July The TBM will be decommissioned at the end of the fiscal year on September 30 SCD is trying to obtain funding outside of the National Science Foundation to keep the TBM in operation past September 30 in order to transfer valuable satellite data from NOAA NESS tapes The new disks for the Mass Storage System MSS and the new front end computer for the CRAY X MP 48 are expected to be installed by early summer The disks will provide more on line storage capacity At that point the TBM will be set to read only status Consideration is being given to plans for establishing a Communications Section within SCD Margaret Drake is chairing a committee which will decide how this can best be accomplished Communications has become increasingly important to the operation of SCD over the last several years and will become even more important in the future The USAN satellite experiment will be completed in September of 1987 and it is expected t
27. il 1986 Minutes of the SCD Users Group Meeting March 31 1986 Chairman Ray Bovet called the meeting to order and asked for corrections or additions to the February meeting minutes The minutes were accepted as written Report from SCD Director Walter Macintyre E Walter said that the FY86 budget was finalized two weeks ago and there are no major effects on SCD operations As a consequence of the budget cuts SCD has lost 14 new positions authorized for the expansion of operations This means that the CRAY X MP 48 will not be integrated as efficiently as SCD would like The Record Volume 7 Number 5 17 May 1 1986 The physical plant work underway in preparation for installation of the CRAY X MP 48 is proceeding on schedule Two weeks of buffer time remain for last minute crises Walter explained the details of the work planned during the shutdown of the Machine Room scheduled from May 5 through June 3 He said that the shutdown could extend beyond June 3 if it is not started on time or if there are problems Gary Jensen Head of the SCD Operations Section said that there is a possibility that the shutdown could be shorter because some of the work has been cancelled but this is uncertain Some air conditioning equipment was removed during the recent 4 day shutdown Planning to keep the PACX SCD s terminal switching and port con tention device is underway but feasibility is uncertain Editor s Note Since this meeting Phys
28. mponents by Richard K Sato The major hardware components of the CRAY X MP scheduled for delivery to NCAR in August of this year were briefly discussed in the March issue of The Record Three of these components will allow users to attempt to solve problems that could not be attempted on a CRAY 1 machine These components are e The Central Processing Units CPUs e The Solid state Storage Device SSD e The Central Memory CM This article discusses these components with an emphasis on central memory and memory bank conflicts The Central Processing Units The CRAY X MP will include four CPUs controlled by the CRAY Operating System COS Each CPU is architecturally similar to that of a CRAY 1 computer however each provides more processing power than a CRAY 1 because of two major differences first the cycle time of the CRAY X MP is 9 5 nanoseconds as compared to the 12 5 nanosecond CRAY 1 cycle time second each CPU on the CRAY X MP has four paths to memory rather than the single path on a CRAY 1 Both enhancements will result in better performance for jobs less CPU time consumed when run on the CRAY X MP The Record Volume 7 Number 5 5 May 1 1986 Your existing jobs can run on the CRAY X MP in single processor serial mode This means that only one physical CPU will be executing your program at any instant in time although the operating system may schedule job execution on different physical CPUs during the executi
29. on of the job Codes can be modified to execute on multiple CPUs in parallel by implementing CRAY multitasking primitives or microtasking directives Documentation on details of implementing multitasking will be available at a later date The Solid state Storage Device The Solid state Storage Device SSD is a new component since no corresponding facility is available on a CRAY 1 machine The NCAR CRAY X MP SSD will have a capacity of 128 mil lion CRAY 64 bit words Physically the SSD is similar to central memory in that it provides temporary volatile random access storage for 64 bit words with 8 bit Single Error Correction Double Error Detection SECDED logic using solid state Emitter Coupled Logic ECL tech nology From a user viewpoint the SSD acts as a very fast disk Datasets are defined by the ASSIGN JCL command in the same way as disk files and are assigned to the SSD by specifying an addi tional parameter on the ASSIGN statement Data transfers to and from these datasets are accomplished by the same read and write statements used for accessing disk files The access time for the SSD is about 50 microseconds compared with 20 milliseconds for the DD49 disks and the transfer rate to central memory is about 1 gigabyte per second compared with 10 megabytes per second for DD49 disks The SSD is an ideal component for storing tem porary datasets that are heavily accessed The I O wait time can be reduced from hours to minutes
30. or from minutes to seconds However system management of the SSD presents some problems Currently a job s SSD image is not rolled out to disk as is the job s central memory image Therefore once a job is allocated SSD space it retains the space until it ter minates The data is also vulnerable to loss due to power failures since the SSD is a volatile storage media These drawbacks will limit the usefulness of the SSD particularly for longer running jobs perhaps running at a lower priority Unfortunately these are the jobs that might benefit the most from using the SSD Strategies for management of the SSD are being investi gated Central Memory The CRAY X MP will have 8 million 64 bit words of ECL memory which is 8 times the amount of memory available on the CRAY 1A machines As on the CRAY 1 computers each word includes an additional 8 bits for SECDED logic The performance of the CRAY X MP as well as the CRAY 1 machines is decreased because of memory bank conflicts However the effect of the conflicts may be more noticeable on the CRAY X MP because conflicts between jobs can occur and cause a job s execution times to vary from run to run The remainder of this article includes a description of central memory and an explanation of memory bank conflicts Memory Organization Central memory is organized into banks which consist of one million bytes of memory The 8 million words of CM of NCAR s CRAY X MP is therefore in 64
31. r multiple host sys tems that may need to be modified These modifications include setting the communica tion parameters in the Main Setup Menu setting the keyboard options in the Keyboard Setup Menu configuring several emulator features that are not standard VT220 options in the Special Setup Menu and so on C Graphics Display on the IBM4341 To peruse the graphical display on the screen of metacode files log onto your virtual machine on the IBM 4341 system Use PLT EXEC from NCARLIBS by entering the com mand PLT lt filename gt lt filetype gt lt filemode gt lt RETURN gt where lt filename gt lt filetype gt lt filemode gt is the metacode file On receiving the prompt lt ENTER gt specify the GRAPHCAP file by typing The Record Volume 7 Number 5 13 May 1 1986 Specify EM lt RETURN gt This will be followed by the prompt message EM GRAPHCAP K HAS BEEN SELECTED lt ENTER gt Then enter PLT legal response to the lt ENTER gt prompt to examine individual frames from a plot file Availability This software is distributed by DCS A diskette containing the package and documentation can be purchased from Diversified Computer Systems 3775 Iris Avenue Suite 1B Boulder Colorado 80301 The software is discount priced at 60 00 for customers belonging to academic or nonprofit organizations affiliated with NCAR Major revisions will be supplied free to all persons purchas ing EM4010 within 90 days o
32. rd Volume 7 Number 5 16 May 1 1986 ZOT The Final TBM Purge will occur on June 28 1986 As noted in the TBM Mass Storage News column above the TBM purge scheduled for May 3 has been cancelled The final purge of datasets from the TBM will occur on June 28 1986 The retention period has been reduced to one month for this purge so it will affect all datasets not accessed since June 1 1986 Documentation Update The purpose of this column is to announce revisions updates and new documents of interest to the user of SCD s computers Included at various times will be documents issued by SCD by NCAR but outside SCD by IBM and by Cray Research Inc Directions for obtaining the documents are included Please note that manuals ordered from SCD will take approximately two weeks to reach you SCD Documents SCD documents are available from Sal Farfan contact him at 303 497 1292 or via electronic mail by typing TO SAL on the IBM 4341 system The following Consulting Office documents are now available An Introduction to Aa SAS on NCAR s IBM 4341 RER by PEE Caldwell Revised February 1986 MOV2MS A Utility for Moving PSTORE Files to the New Mass lord System by Michael Pernice March 1986 Using POLISH on the NCAR CRA Y Computers by Richard A Valent March 1986 Collected Algorithms of the ACM 1975 1979 and 1980 1985 by Michael Pernice April 1986 User Services Mass Storage System Software by Herb Poppe Apr
33. so that if A I is in bank n then A I 1 will be in bank n 1 Storage of a two dimensional array is by columns For example for an array declared as DIMENSION A 64 n is stored as follows The Record Volume 7 Number 5 27 May 1 1986 Storage of A 64 n in Central Memory Bank A i j 0 11 12 Ln 1 21 22 2n 2 31 32 Bn 31 321 322 32n 63 641 642 64n If A is accessed by columns then there are no memory access conflicts However because the first dimension of A is 64 then all elements of a given row will be stored in the same bank Therefore when A is accessed by row access of each element of the row will result in a memory bank conflict and the transfer rate from memory will be one element every 4 CPs rather than the rate of 1 element per CP when accessed by columns This problem can be eliminated by specifying DIMENSION A 65 n which may result in unused memory space but will improve performance A first dimension of a multi dimensional array of 32 64 or 128 should be avoided You can eliminate or minimize memory conflicts within your programs by specifying appropriate DIMENSION statements However since the CM is shared by all CPUs memory access conflicts between jobs on different CPUs can occur You will have no control over these conflicts You should be aware that execution times of the same job may vary from run to run because of memory access conflicts The compatibility between the CRAY X M
34. tation and on line Call the Consulting Office or send mail to CONSULT1 on the IBM 4341 system if you have questions April 10 1986 MSS Prototype software is now available to help you perform Mass Storage System MSS file maintenance from the IBM 4341 system The following commands have been implemented MSCHANGE MSDELETE MSINFO and MSUPDATE MSS documentation is available from the Consulting Office HELP files are available on the IBM 4341 system for example to display HELP for MSINFO enter HELP MSINFO Pre release versions of these commands should note that substantial changes have been incor porated in the new versions which are in the SUPLIB EXEC library the old versions are no longer available DICOMED April 11 1986 DICOMED USERS A new schedule is in effect for film processing from 08 00 on Saturdays to 08 00 on Mondays During this period film will be available at 08 00 18 00 and 24 00 PACX April 7 1986 PACX USERS Plans have been made to keep the PACX in operation during the lengthy downtime period scheduled for May The PACX SCD s port contention and terminal switching device should be available for use in May barring unforeseen problems SOFTWARE March 26 1986 SAS VERSION 5 USERS A serious problem has been fixed which may have produced incorrect results without warning in the five statistical procedures CANCORR FACTOR PRINCOMP RSQUARE and VARCLUS The results produced from all but the first BY
35. the first character of the text of a comment block is preceded by a right parenthesis then draw a full box around the block otherwise precede the text of an indented comment line with asterisks 6 leave comment lines alone Default value is 5 Parameter controlling interpretation of start of comment line Possi ble values are O through 2 0 discard leading blanks on a comment line 1 the first non blank character on a comment line is a flag mark ing the start of the comment line 2 do not discard leading blanks on a comment line Default value is 2 POLISH diagnostics are not specific when FORTRAN 77 standards are violated Scan or fatal errors are written to the error dataset indicat ing the vicinity of the error CRAY users are advised to pass their FORTRAN 77 code through CFT with option ANSI to help them locate 77 violations POLISH is a FORTRAN 77 code supported with a CRAY JCL user interface This version of POLISH was given to NCAR by the National Bureau of Standards in Boulder Colorado in January 1986 POLISH was brought to NCAR by the SCD Software and Libraries Group in response to user requests for this utility Since POLISH is written in FORTRAN 77 it is very portable Dick Valent is a CRAY Software Librarian in the User Services Section of SCD The Record Volume 7 Number 5 11 May 1 1986 MicroNews The PC Graphics Emulator EM4010 by Harsh Anand Passi Introduction In a recent meeting represent
36. und jobs and jobs rolling in and out of the SSD CRI is currently working on software to support such rolling Tom illustrated and talked about macrotasking and microtasking He said that macro tasking can be simulated on a single processor machine such as a CRAY 1 computer Micro tasking requires the physical hardware for multiprocessing because it makes use of hardware registers that are only present on multiprocessor machines like the CRAY X MP 48 Microtask ing has not yet been perfected but within the last several months benchmarks have been run that have indicated that microtasking may be a more efficient use of the machine than multi tasking Users with questions on multitasking or the CRAY X MP 48 can contact Tom at 303 497 1297 Suggestions and Problems There were no suggestions or problems The Record Volume 7 Number 5 20 May 1 1986 Future Agenda Items Ray suggested a report from the Gilman Committee Carl Mohr suggested an update on the MSS Greg Woods HAO suggested that Gary Jensen give an update on the Machine Room shutdown There were no further suggestions and the meeting was adjourned The next SCD Users Group Meeting will be on Monday April 28 1986 at 1 30 pm in the Damon Room Summary of Daily Bulletin Items CRAY 1 COMPUTERS March 19 1986 kkk CRAY CFT CHANGE At 08 00 on Wednesday March 19th the default CFT on both CRAY 1 Computers was changed This change added modification T13590AA that
37. urge is 28 days rather than the 90 day period used in the past e No purges of TBM datasets are scheduled after June 28 since no data will be added to the TBM after July 1 Operations staff are currently transferring data from Dedicated TBM reels to the new MSS After the TBM is set to read only status on July 1 Operations staff will begin transferring data from Production tapes to the new MSS It is imperative that you delete any data that you have already transferred to the new MSS In addition we urgently request that you delete any TBM datasets that you do not wish to keep or allow them to be purged by not updating them after June 1 Mary Trembour 303 497 1232 and Sue Long 303 497 1245 are SCD s Tape Librarians They will be more than happy to provide you with assistance or delete the data for you Please call them or send your list of datasets to be deleted as soon as possible Transferring the enormous amounts of data on the TBM to the new MSS is a huge time consuming task Any help that you can give by eliminating your unneeded datasets is greatly appreciated Thank you for your valuable assistance Mass Storage System Users Please note the following information concerning dedicated media on the new Mass Storage Sys tem e There is no exact equivalent to TBM Dedicated tape reels on the MSS There are virtual volumes or private files but these are NOT the same as Dedicated reels on the TBM e Virtual volumes ar
38. wer to the PACX He said to contact George Lamb for a firm answer The Record Volume 7 Number 5 18 May 1 1986 Ray also asked about the Gilman Committee which is evaluating the role of computing in the atmospheric sciences Walter replied that the committee is under the direction of UCAR and reports to Cliff Murino President of UCAR Walter announced hat this would be his last meeting since he is retiring as Director of SCD he said that he has enjoyed his six years at NCAR and he thanked the SCDUG members for their contributions to the success of the computing enterprise Report from the X MP 48 Integration Task Force Bob Lackman Bob Lackman chairing the Task Force said that members met on March 7 A report was sub mitted from each of the four subcommittees Training Software Charging and File Manage ment A comprehensive set of minutes is available in the Computing Library located next door to the Consulting Office The minutes are kept on the top shelf in a notebook labeled X MP Bob then gave a short summary of the March 7 meeting Regarding training Dick Sato has been giving a series of seminars on CRAY X MP topics the next seminar will be held April 9 and will cover more details on multitasking In addition SCD is also investigating several other training options The second Summer Supercomputing Insti tute will be held in June Dick is exploring bringing in a series of guest lecturers and classes from Cray
Download Pdf Manuals
Related Search