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1. 60 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide Features and Functions 2 The following command queries the null measurement feature setting SENSe lt functiom NULL STATe This query returns a 0 OFF or 1 ON The following command stores a null value for the specified function SENSe lt functrfom gt NULL VALue lt va ue gt gt MIN gt MAX The following command queries the null value SENSe lt funct fom NULL VALue Refer to the Keysight 34410A 11A L4411A Programmer 5 Reference Help for a complete description and syntax for these commands Miscellaneous Configuration Settings Radix Character 34410A 11A Available from the front panel only The multimeter can display the radix character decimal point as a period or a comma e The factory default setting is PERIOD e The radix character setting is stored in non volatile memory Front Panel Operation Press Utility UTILITY MENU gt MISC SETTINGS gt BEEPER gt RADIX CHAR Select PERIOD or COMMA and then step through or exit the menu Thousands Separator 34410A 11A Available from the front panel only The multimeter can display front panel readings with ON or without OFF a comma thousands separator delimiting the number into 3 digit sets e The factory default setting is ON e Front Panel Operation Press Utility UTILITY MENU gt MISC SETTINGS gt BEEPER gt RADIX CHAR gt THOUSAND SE
2. 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide 141 5 Specifications General Specifications 34410A 11A Power Supply 100V 120V 220V 240V 10 Power Line Frequency 50 60 Hz 10 400 Hz 10 Automatically sensed at power on 400 Hz defaults to 50Hz Power Consumption 25 VA peak 16 W average Operating Environment Full accuracy for 0 C to 55 C Full accuracy to 80 R H at 40 C Non condensing Storage Temperature 40 C to 70 C Operating Altitude Up to 3000m Rack Dimensions WxHxD 212 8mm x 88 3mm x 272 3mm Bench Dimensions WxHxD 261 2mm x 103 8mm x 303 2mm Weight 3 72 kg 8 2 lbs Safety IEC 61010 1 EN 61010 1 UL 61010 1 CAN CSA C22 2 No 61010 1 Refer to Declaration of Conformity for current revisions Measurement CAT II 300V CAT I 1000V Pollution Degree 2 EMC IEC 61326 EN 61326 CISPR 11 ICES 001 AS NZS 2064 1 Refer to Declaration of Conformity for current revisions Acoustic Noise 37 dBa Display Dual line 17 segment vacuum florescent display State Storage Memory Power Off state automatically saved 4 User Configurable Stored States Remote Interfaces GPIB IEEE 488 10 100Mbit LAN USB 2 0 Standard Language SCPI 1994 0 IEEE 488 2 LXI Compliance LXI Class C Version 1 0 Warm up Time 90 minutes 142 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide Power supply Power line frequency Power consumption Operating Environment Storage environment Dimensions H x W x L Weight Display S
3. Error Example Assume that a5 VDC signal is input to the multimeter on the 10 V range Compute the total measurement error using the 90 day accuracy specifications 0 0020 of reading 0 0005 of range Reading Error 0 0020 x 5 VDC 100 uV Range Error 0 0005 x 10 VDC 50 uV Total Error 100 nV 50unV W150 uV 0 003 of 5 VDC 30 ppm of 5 VDC 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide 147 5 148 Specifications Interpreting Accuracy Specifications Transfer Accuracy Transfer accuracy refers to the error introduced by the multimeter due to noise and short term drift This error becomes apparent when comparing two nearly equal signals for the purpose of transferring the known accuracy of one device to the other 24 Hour Accuracy The 24 hour accuracy specification indicates the multimeter s relative accuracy over its full measurement range for short time intervals and within a stable environment Short term accuracy is usually specified for a 24 hour period and for a 1 C temperature range 90 Day and 1 Year Accuracy These long term accuracy specifications are valid at the calibration temperature T 5 C temperature range These specifications include the initial calibration errors plus the multimeter s long term drift errors Temperature Coefficients Accuracy is usually specified at the calibration temperature T a 5 C temperature range This is a common temperature range fo
4. 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide 113 4 Measurement Tutorial Other Primary Measurement Functions Frequency and Period Measurement Errors The multimeter uses a reciprocal counting technique to measure frequency and period This method generates constant measurement resolution for any input frequency The multimeter s ac voltage measurement section performs input signal conditioning All frequency counters are susceptible to errors when measuring low voltage low frequency signals The effects of both internal noise and external noise pickup are critical when measuring slow signals The error is inversely proportional to frequency Measurement errors also occur if you attempt to measure the frequency or period of an input following a dc offset voltage change You must allow the multimeter s input dc blocking capacitor to fully settle before making frequency measurements 114 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide Measurement Tutorial 4 DC Current Measurements When you connect the multimeter in series with a test circuit to measure current a measurement error is introduced The error is caused by the multimeter s series burden voltage A voltage is developed across the wiring resistance and current shunt resistance of the multimeter as shown below Rs l I ANA i l Ideal Vs Vb R M LO i Vs source voltage Rs DUT source resistance Vb multimeter burden voltage R multimeter current shu
5. Features and Functions 10 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide In This Guide 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide Quick Start In this chapter you prepare the multimeter for use and become familiar with the most common front panel operations Features and Functions In this chapter you will find a detailed description of the multimeter s capabilities and operation This chapter presents both front panel and remote interface operation of the instrument Note Refer to the Keysight 34410A 11A L4411A Programmer 5s Reference help system for a detailed description of the SCPI commands Remote Interface This chapter describes how to connect the multimeter using a remote interface Measurement Tutorial This chapter discusses measurement techniques and considerations to help you reduce sources of error and obtain the best accuracy from your instrument Specifications This chapter lists the 34410A 11A L4411A multimeter specifications and describes how to interpret these specifications 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide KEYSIGHT TECHNOLOGIES Keysight 34410A 11A L4411A 6 Digit Multimeter User s Guide 1 Quick Start This chapter gives you a quick overview of the 34410A 11A multimeter s front panel and basic features The examples will help you become familiar with your meter its measuring functions and basic operation Basic Multimeter Operations 14 Preparing the Multimeter for Use 14 Using the Front Pan
6. High Voltage Self Heating Errors If you apply more than 300 Vms self heating occurs in the multimeter s internal signal conditioning components These errors are included in the multimeter s specifications Temperature changes inside the multimeter due to self heating may cause additional error on other ac voltage ranges The additional error is less than 0 02 and dissipates in a few minutes AC Current Measurement Errors Burden Voltage Burden voltage errors which apply to de current also apply to ac current measurements However the burden voltage for ac current is larger due to the multimeter s series inductance and your measurement connections The burden voltage increases as the input frequency increases Some circuits may oscillate when performing current measurements due to the multimeter s series inductance and your measurement connections Low Level Measurement Errors When measuring ac voltages less than 100 mV be aware that these measurements are especially susceptible to errors introduced by extraneous noise sources An exposed test lead acts as an antenna and a properly functioning multimeter will measure the signals received The entire measurement path including the power line act as a loop antenna Circulating currents in the loop create error voltages across any impedances in series with the multimeter s input For this reason you should apply low level ac voltages to the multimeter through shielded cables You sho
7. The multimeter will continue taking readings until the specified count or duration has been reached unless the data logger is stopped manually After the programmed count or duration has been reached the display will show SAVING READINGS then LOGGING COMPLETE The readings are stored in non volatile memory To stop a data logging session in progress press any key The display will show DATA LOGGER and offer the selections CONTINUE or STOP The data logger continues to take readings while this is displayed If you select STOP and press Enter the display will read DATA TO NV prompting you to SAVE or DISCARD the readings already logged Select one of these options and press Enter to terminate data logging If you select CONTINUE and press CEnter the data logging function will continue as set up until complete To read the data logged from the front panel press DATA LOGGER gt VIEW RDGS Use and to scroll through the stored readings The 34411A provides pre triggering The data logger function can be used in conjunction with pre triggering to collect data both before and after the triggering event See Number of Pre Trigger Samples 34411A L4411A on page 72 for information about setting a pre trigger sample count e Remote Interface Operation The following command returns all readings stored in non volatile memory NVMEM DATA DATA NVMEM The following command deletes all readings stored in NVMEM DATA D
8. 1 75257104E 03 2 288951 77E 04 1 01353087E 04 6 51752896E 05 9 34930003E 05 8 42946099E 05 8 44457987E 05 From this window you can select and copy see Web Interface Help the data into another application using the Microsoft Windows clipboard In the example below the data has been pasted from the clipboard directly into a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet Non volatile Memory Readings 1 75E 03 VDC 2 2 29E 04 VDC 3 1 01E 04 VDC 4 6 52E 05 VDC 5 9 35E 05 VDC 6 8 43E 05 VDC 7 8 9 n 6 44E 05 VDC 9 33E 05 VDC 9 29E 05 VDC 7 QNENA VAC 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide 83 2 Features and Functions System Related Operations 84 The utility menu accesses the following system related operations self test display of error conditions calibration and instrument information These features are described in the subsections that follow The utility menu is also used to access the following three menus REMOTE I O menu see Chapter 3 Remote Interface Configuration for a complete description of the remote interface features STORE RECALL menu see Multimeter State Storage on page 49 for a complete description of the state storage feature MISC SETTINGS menu see Miscellaneous Configuration Settings on page 61 for a complete description of these features Self Test A power on self test occurs automatically when you turn on th
9. 22 when the instrument is shipped from the factory e Your computer s GPIB interface card has its own address Be sure to avoid using that address for any instrument on the interface bus e The GPIB address is stored in non volatile memory and does not change when power has been off after a Factory Reset RST command or after an Instrument Preset SYSTem PRESet command e Front Panel Operation Press Utility UTILITY MENU gt REMOTE I O gt GPIB gt ENABLE GPIB gt GPIB ADDRESS After enabling or disabling GPIB you must cycle the power for the change to take effect e Remote Interface Operation The following command enables the GPIB remote interface SYSTem COMMunicate ENABle ON GPIB The following command queries the state of the GPIB interface SYSTem COMMunicate ENABle GPIB This query returns a 0 OFF or a 1 ON The following command sets the multimeter s GPIB IEEE 488 address SYSTem COMMunicate GPIB ADDRess lt address gt The following query returns the IP address for example 2 2 SYSTem COMMunicate GPIB ADDRess Refer to the Keysight 34410A 11A L4411A Programmer s Reference Help for complete description and syntax for these commands 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide 91 3 Remote Interface Configuration Configuring the USB Interface For the USB interface no configuration parameters are required to set up the multimete
10. 4 PLACES 0229002020 FF g oseese 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide ET 3030802030803090909080 82898 9080808080808o8o8a00808 2038983000980820 923802908P380 103 8 303 2 EE 20208080808030808090908080 223080858 99 98 08 eesaeaee ogoro te Beno esos a R A R TE La oO SEPBSSHEPRESERERSSSHSHESIES fe e iilo 272 3 223 Eo ss TI pas O z s ang 5 SS os 363 2 All dimensions are shown in millimeters 145 5 146 Specifications To Calculate Total Measurement Error The multimeter s accuracy specifications are expressed in the form of reading of range In addition to the reading error and range error you may need to add additional errors for certain operating conditions Check the list below to make sure you include all measurement errors for a given function Also make sure you apply the conditions as described in the footnotes on the specification pages e Ifyou are operating the multimeter outside the temperature range specified apply an additional temperature coefficient error e For dc voltage dc current and resistance measurements you may need to apply an additional reading speed error or autozero OFF error e For ac voltage and ac current measurements you may need to apply an additional low frequency error or crest factor error Understanding the of reading Error The reading error compensates for inaccuracies tha
11. An ac coupled true rms measurement is desirable when you are measuring small ac signals in the presence of large dc offsets For example this situation is common when measuring ac ripple present on de power supplies There are situations however where you might want to know the ac dc true rms value You can determine this value by combining results from dc and ac measurements as shown below ac dc N ac de For the best ac noise rejection you should perform the dc measurement using an integration time of at least 10 power line cycles PLCs True RMS Accuracy and High Frequency Signal Content A common misconception is that since an ac multimeter is true rms its sine wave accuracy specifications apply to all waveforms Actually the shape of the input signal can dramatically affect measurement accuracy for any multimeter especially when that input signal contains high frequency components which exceed the instrument s bandwidth As an example consider a pulse train one of the most challenging waveforms for a multimeter The pulse width of that waveform largely determines its high frequency content The frequency spectrum of an individual pulse is determined by its Fourier Integral The frequency spectrum of the pulse train is the Fourier Series that samples along the Fourier Integral at multiples of the input pulse repetition frequency prf 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide 109 4 110 Measurement Tutorial On th
12. S 725 o 3 o e 30 wu g 35 2 35 l m a 740 45 50 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 Frequency kHz 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide 111 4 112 Measurement Tutorial Estimating High Frequency Out of Band Error A common way to describe signal waveshapes is to refer to their Crest Factor Crest factor is the ratio of the peak value to rms value of a waveform For a pulse train for example the crest factor is approximately equal to the square root of the inverse of the duty cycle ee Oe ee Ja E A T Notice that crest factor is a composite parameter dependent upon the pulse width and repetition frequency crest factor alone is not enough to characterize the frequency content of a signal Traditionally DMMs include a crest factor derating table that applies at all frequencies The measurement algorithm used in the 34410A 11A L4411A multimeters is not inherently sensitive to crest factor so no such derating is necessary With this multimeter as discussed in the previous section the focal issue is high frequency signal content which exceeds the multimeter s bandwidth For periodic signals the combination of crest factor and repetition rate can suggest the amount of high frequency content and associated measurement error The first zero crossing of a simple pulse occurs at This gives an immediate impression of the high frequency content by identifying where this crossing occurs as
13. The diode check function is used to indicate correct diode operation closed circuit on forward bias and open circuit on reverse bias Other Basics of Operation This section covers basic troubleshooting and general use 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide 23 1 Quick Start If the Multimeter Does Not Turn On Use the following steps to help solve problems you might encounter when turning on the multimeter If you need more help see the Service Guide for instructions on returning the multimeter to Keysight for service 1 Verify that there is ac power to the multimeter First verify that the multimeter s Power switch is in the On position Also make sure that the power cord is firmly plugged into the power module on the rear panel You should also make sure that the power source you plugged the multimeter into is energized 2 Verify the power line voltage setting The line voltage is set to the proper value for your country when the multimeter is shipped from the factory Change the voltage setting if it is not correct The settings are 100 120 220 or 240 Vac for 230 Vac operation use the 220 Vac setting See To Replace the Power Line Fuse 34410A 11A on page 25 if you need to change the line voltage setting 3 Verify that the power line fuse is good The multimeter is shipped from the factory with a power line fuse installed The supplied fuse is a 250 mA 250V slow blow 5x20mm fuse Keysight
14. ac coupled 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide Quick Start 1 e Configurable parameters AC FILTER RANGE NULL and NULL VALUE Sense Input N 4w VAE HI Connect test leads as shown 200vpk 1000D AC Current To Make a 2 Wire Resistance Measurement Press to select the 2 wire resistance function e Ranges 100Q 1 KQ 10 KQ 100 kQ 1 MQ 10 MQ 100 MQ 1 GQ e Configurable parameters INTEGRATION RANGE OFFSET COMP AUTO ZERO NULL and NULL VALUE Sense Input T naw VAE Za O s N Connect test leads as shown 200vpk 1900vDC Resistance To null out the test lead resistance 1 Connect one end of the test leads at the meter and short the probe ends together 2 Press null 3 Connect the probe ends to the test circuit and measure the corrected resistance value To Make a 4 wire Resistance Measurement Press Q4W to select the 4 wire resistance function e Ranges 100Q 1 KQ 10 KQ 100 kQ 1 MQ 10 MQ 100 MQ 1 GQ 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide 19 1 20 Quick Start Configurable parameters INTEGRATION RANGE OFFSET COMP NULL and NULL VALUE Sense Input Wi 0 4w vahe Wire Sense HI HI Connect test leads as shown ce gt 1000VDC 200Vpk gt Ce Resistance 500Vpk 4 Wire Sense LO All 4 wire resistance measurements are made with auto zero on To Measure Frequency Press to select the frequency function Measurement band 3 Hz to 300 kHz Input signal range
15. and integration time These shortcuts are available only when you are not in a menu Ranging The meter range can be set directly from the navigation keypad e To manually change the range press A or amp The ManRng annunciator lights and the selected range for example 100mV RANGE is briefly displayed on the second line e To toggle between the selected manual range and autoranging press Auto Rng The ManRng annunciator toggles on or off as appropriate Note This is a dual function key not a shifted key Pressing when in a menu will exit the menu 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide 41 2 42 Features and Functions Digit Masking The navigation keypad provides a shortcut to mask change the number of digits displayed the reading on the main display To enable digit masking for the selected measurement function press or DIGIT MASK will be displayed along with a list of choices 3 5 4 5 5 5 6 5 and AUTO Select the desired setting use the Q keys and press Masking digits only affects what is displayed It does not affect measurement speed or accuracy Integration Time Bandwidth Gate Time Four measurement functions allow you to select the integration time dc voltage de current resistance and temperature The ac voltage and ac current measurements allow you to select the ac signal filter bandwidth The frequency period function allows you to select gate time The navigation keypad provides a sh
16. e The default Host Name for the multimeter is A 34410A nnnnn for the 34410A and A 34411A nnnnn for the 34411A where nnnnn is the last five digits of the instrument s serial number representation e IfDynamic Domain Name System DNS is available on your network and your multimeter uses DHCP the Host Name is registered with the Dynamic DNS service at power on e The Host Name is stored in non volatile memory and does not change when power has been off after a Factory Reset RST command or after an Instrument Preset SYSTem PRESet command DNS Server The Domain Name Service DNS is an Internet service that translates Domain names into IP addresses Contact your network administrator to determine if DNS is being used and for the correct address e Ifyou change the DNS address you must cycle power on the multimeter to activate the new setting e The default DNS Address for the multimeter is 0 0 0 0 e The DNS Server address is stored in non volatile memory and does not change when power has been off after a Factory Reset RST command or after an Instrument Preset SYSTem PRESet command Web Password You can control access to certain features of the 34410A 11A Web Interface see Keysight 34410A 11A Web Interface on page 100 using password protection The password is disabled by default You can enable and set a web password from the front panel A web password consists of up to 12
17. or disable OFF the null measurement feature which measures the difference between a stored null value and the input signal NULL VALUE Allows you to view and edit the null value if enabled UNITS Allows you to select the temperature scale Celsius select C Fahrenheit select F or Kelvin select K Configuring Capacitance Measurements For capacitance measurements your configuration menu choices are RANGE NULL and NULL VALUE 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide Features and Functions 2 e RANGE Allows you to let the multimeter automatically select the range using the autoranging feature select AUTO or you may select a fixed range select MANUAL e NULL Allows you to enable ON or disable OFF the null measurement feature which measures the difference between a stored null value and the input signal e NULL VALUE Allows you to view and edit the null value if enabled Continuity and Diode Tests There are no parameters to configure nor any menus for these functions e Continuity Test The range and resolution are fixed for continuity tests The range is 1 kQ a 2 wire resistance measurement The meter beeps even if beep is disabled for each measurement that is less than or equal to the continuity threshold which is 10 Q and the actual resistance reading is displayed on the front panel From 10 Q to 1 2 kQ the meter displays the actual resistance reading with no beep If the reading exceeds 1 2 kQ t
18. or exit the configuration menu 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide Features and Functions 2 e Remote Interface Operation The following commands set the integration time in NPLC SENSe VOLTage DC NPLC lt 2Z2Cs gt gt MIN gt MAX gt DEF SENSe CURRent DC NPLC lt 2Z2Cs gt gt MIN gt MAX gt DEF RESistance NPLC lt 2ZCs gt gt MIN gt MAX gt DEF SENSe FRESistance NPLC lt ZCs gt gt MIN gt MAX gt DEF TEMPerature NPLC lt 2ZCs gt gt MIN gt MAX gt DEF Each of these commands also has a query form Refer to the Keysight 34410A 11A L4411A Programmer 5 Reference Help for a complete description and syntax for these commands Aperture mode Aperture is the period measured in seconds during which the multimeter s analog to digital A D converter samples the input signal for a measurement A longer aperture yields better resolution a shorter aperture provides for faster measurements This mode allows the user to set a specific integration time not based on power line frequency Values range from 100 us to 1 second for the 34410A and from 20 us to 1 second for the 34411 A L4411A e To allow for normal mode line frequency noise rejection select the NPLC option for INTEGRATION with an integral number of NPLCs Use the APERTURE method only if you need precise control over the multimeter s integration time in seconds e Front Panel Operation Select a dc measurement f
19. s Guide Measurement Tutorial 4 DC Measurement Considerations Thermal EMF Errors Thermoelectric voltages are the most common source of error in low level dc voltage measurements Thermoelectric voltages are generated when you make circuit connections using dissimilar metals at different temperatures Each metal to metal junction forms a thermocouple which generates a voltage proportional to the junction temperature You should take the necessary precautions to minimize thermocouple voltages and temperature variations in low level voltage measurements The best connections are formed using copper to copper crimped connections as the multimeter s input terminals are a copper alloy The table below shows common thermoelectric voltages for connections between dissimilar metals Copper to Approx uV C Copper to Approx uV C Cadmium Tin Solder 0 2 Aluminum 5 Copper lt 0 3 Tin Lead Solder 5 Gold 0 5 Kovar or Alloy 42 40 Silver 0 5 Silicon 500 Brass 3 Copper Oxide 1000 Beryllium Copper 5 Loading Errors dc volts Measurement loading errors occur when the resistance of the device under test DUT is an appreciable percentage of the multimeter s own input resistance The diagram below shows this error source Rs I Vs ideal DUT voltage Rs DUT source resistance 1 S ea Ri multimeter input resistance RI Meter 10 Ma or gt 10Ga i I Vs 100 x
20. to the maximum extent permitted by applicable law Keysight disclaims all warranties either express or implied with regard to this manual and any information contained herein including but not limited to the implied warranties of mer chantability and fitness for a par ticular purpose Keysight shall not be liable for errors or for incidental or consequential damages in connec tion with the furnishing use or performance of this document or of any information contained herein Should Keysight and the user have a separate written agreement with warranty terms covering the mate rial in this document that conflict with these terms the warranty terms in the separate agreement shall control Technology Licenses The hardware and or software described in this document are furnished under a license and may be used or copied only in accordance with the terms of such license Restricted Rights Legend U S Government Restricted Rights Software and technical data rights granted to the federal government include only those rights custom arily provided to end user customers Keysight provides this customary commercial license in Software and technical data pursuant to FAR 12 211 Technical Data and 12 212 Computer Software and for the Department of Defense DFARS 252 227 7015 Technical Data Com mercial Items and DFARS 227 7202 3 Rights in Commercial Computer Software or Com puter Software Documentation Safety Notices
21. 2 3 5 7 9 10 11 1 On Off Switch 8 Exit Key Auto Range 2 Measurement Function Keys 9 Shift Key Local 3 Configuration Key 10 Menu Navigation Keypad Range 4 Second Display Key Reset 11 Front Rear Switch 5 Null Key Math Functions 12 HI and LO Sense Terminals 4 wire measurements 6 Data Logger Key Utility 13 HI and LO Input Terminals all functions except current 7 Trigger Key Auto Trig 14 Current Input Terminal ac and de current WARNING Front Rear Switch Do not change the position of the Front Rear switch on the front panel while signals are present on either the front or rear set of terminals This switch is not intended as an active multiplexer Switching while high voltages or currents are present may cause instrument damage and lead to the risk of electric shock 8 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide The Rear Panel at a Glance 34410A 11A 2 3 5 12 fron H har sap Cun Fae eso 1 4 6 7 8 9 10 Current Input Fuse front and rear HI and LO Sense Terminals 4 wire resistance and temperature HI and LO Input Terminals voltage resistance and other functions Current Input Terminal ac current and dc current only External Trigger Input BNC Voltmeter Complete Output BNC LAN Interface Connector USB Interface Connector GPIB Interface Connector 10 Chassis Ground 11 Power Line Voltage Setting 12 Power Line Fuse Holder Assembly WARNING For protection from electrical shock the power cord
22. 5 Hz 10 Hz 0 10 0 02 0 104003 0 10 0 03 0 008 0 003 750 000 V 10 Hz 20 kHz 0 02 0 02 0 05 0 03 0 06 0 03 0 005 0 003 20 kHz 50 kHz 0 05 0 04 0 09 0 05 0 10 0 05 0 010 0 005 50 kHz 100kHz 0 20 0 08 0 30 0 08 0 40 0 08 0 020 0 008 100 kHz 300 kHz 1 00 0 50 1 20 0 50 1 20 0 50 0 120 0 020 True RMS AC 100 0000uA 3 Hz 5 kHz 0 10 0 04 0 10 0 04 0 10 0 04 0 015 0 006 Current P to 3 00000A 5 kHz 10 kHz 0 20 0 04 0 20 0 04 0 20 0 04 0 030 0 006 1 Specifications are for 90 minute warm up slow ac filter sinewave 2 Relative to calibration standards 3 20 overrange on all ranges except 750 Vac 3 A range 4 Specifications are for sinewave input gt 0 3 of range and gt 1mVrms Add 30 pV error to AC voltage Specification for frequencies lt 1kHz 750 VAC range limited to 8 x 10 Volt Hz 750 VAC range add 0 7 mV of error for each additional volt over 300 VAC 5 Specifications are for sinewave input gt 1 of range and gt 10 pArms Frequencies gt 5 kHz are typical for all ranges For the 3 A range all frequencies add 0 05 of reading 0 02 of range to listed specifications Low Frequency Performance Three filter settings are available 3 Hz 20 Hz 200Hz Frequencies greater than these filter settings are specified with no additional errors AC Current Burden Voltage ACI Ranges Voltage 100 0000 pA lt 0 03 V 1 000000 mA lt 0 3V 10 00000 mA lt 0 03 V 100 0000 mA
23. CMR Ideally a multimeter is completely isolated from earth referenced circuits However there is finite resistance between the multimeter s input LO terminal and earth ground as shown below This can cause errors when measuring low voltages which are floating relative to earth ground LI i i gt H O i i Vi float voltage i dsa Rs DUT source resistance Vtest i Mer imbalance i 1 Ri multimeter isolation Rs resistance LO Earth LOQO Ci multimeter input l capacitance 200 pF LO Earth aa Le E vo E ZC gt Ri gt 10 Ga T fX Rs Error v i l Rs Ri I f i 1 i 1 Li a J 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide Measurement Tutorial 4 Noise Caused by Magnetic Loops If you are making measurements near magnetic fields take caution to avoid inducing voltages in the measurement connections You should be especially careful when working near conductors carrying large currents Use twisted pair connections to the multimeter to reduce the noise pickup loop area or dress the test leads as close together as possible Loose or vibrating test leads will also induce error voltages Tie down test leads securely when operating near magnetic fields Whenever possible use magnetic shielding materials or increased distance from magnetic sources Noise Caused by Ground Loops When measuring voltages in circuits where the multimeter and the device under test are both refere
24. Character 61 Range 44 45 47 58 Reading Hold 69 Rear Panel Description 9 Relative Measurements 60 remote unexpected 97 Remote Annunciator 90 remote I O introduction 90 Remote Interface Configuration 90 Replacing the Power Line Fuse 25 Reset 51 Resistance Measurements 19 Configuring 45 Configuring for Accuracy 149 Errors In 106 High Resistance Errors 107 High Speed 121 Integration Time 52 NPLC 52 Settling Time Errors 122 Rubber Bumper Removal 27 S Safety Information 3 Safety Notices 2 Safety Symbols 3 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide Sample Count 65 Samples per Trigger 71 SCPI Commands 37 Language Conventions 37 Language Version 37 Second Display 40 Selecting Front or Rear Terminals 50 Self Test 84 Setting AC Filter 44 46 Auto Zero 44 45 46 Beeper 62 Centigrade 46 Fahrenheit 46 Gate Time 45 Input IMpedance 44 Integration Time 44 45 46 Kelvin 46 NPLC 44 45 46 Null 44 45 46 47 Offset Comp 45 46 Probe Type 46 Radix Character 61 Range 44 45 47 58 Temperature Units 46 Settling Time 55 122 Single Triggering 69 Software Triggering 70 Specifications 128 148 l year 148 24 hour accuracy 148 90 day 148 Transfer Accuracy 148 Specifications Explained 146 Standard Deviation 65 State Storage 49 Statistics 63 65 Store State 49 Subnet Mask 93 System II Rack Mounts 27 System Memory 49 System Operations 84 Index System Specifica
25. Feet tet be Tt Uy Uy H Hk to Mi LIT iL 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide Features and Functions 2 The Limits annunciator indicates that the limits function is enabled If the reading is lower than the low limit LO will flash If the reading exceeds the high limit HI will flash In either case when a limit is crossed the multimeter will also beep if the beeper is enabled e Remote Interface Operation The following command sequence selects the limit test function turns that function on and sets the lower and upper limits You can assign a lower limit an upper limit or both CALCulate FUNCtion LIMit CALCulate STATe ON l i CALCulate LIMit LOWer lt value gt CALCulate LIMit UPPer lt value gt The following commands query the selected lower and upper limits CALCulate LIMit LOWer CALCulate LIMit UPPer Refer to the Keysight 34410A 11A L4411A Programmer 5 Reference Help for a complete description and syntax for these commands 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide 67 2 Features and Functions Triggering the Multimeter 68 The 34410A 11A L4411A triggering system allows you to generate triggers either manually or automatically take multiple readings per trigger and insert a delay before each reading The 34411A L4411A also allows you to set a level for internal triggering and to set up pre triggering Selecting a Trigger Source Specify the source from which the m
26. However you can also turn off DHCP and set parameters manually LAN Parameters You may choose to manually set the following parameters as described in the subsections that follow Following these descriptions are procedures for setting up a LAN configuration from the front panel and the remote interface e IP Address e Subnet Mask e Default Gateway e DNS Server e Host Name e LAN Services Visa LAN Sockets Telnet Keysight Web Server e Web Password The IP Address Subnet Mask Default Gateway and DNS Server parameters use dot notation addresses Dot notation addresses nnn nnn nnn nnn where nnn is a byte value must be expressed with care Most computers will interpret byte values with leading zeros as octal numbers For example 255 255 020 011 is actually equivalent to decimal 255 255 16 9 not 255 255 20 11 because the computer will interpret 020 as 16 expressed in octal and 011 as 9 However the multimeter assumes that all dot notation addresses are expressed as decimal byte values and strips all leading zeros from these byte values Thus attempting to set an IP address of 255 255 020 011 will become 255 255 20 11 a purely decimal expression Be sure to enter the exact expression 255 255 20 11 in your computer web software to address the instrument To avoid confusion use only decimal expressions of byte values 0 to 255 with no leading
27. Vrms 100 mV range specifications are for full scale or greater inputs For inputs from 10 mV to 100 mV multiply total of reading error by 10 Transfer Accuracy typical 0 0003 of reading Conditions Within 10 minutes and 0 5 C Within 10 of initial voltage and 1 of initial Following a 2 hour warm up For inputs gt 1 kHz and gt 100 mV Using 1 second gate time frequency Measurements are made using accepted metrology practices 134 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide Specifications 5 Frequency and Period Measurement Type Reciprocal counting technique AC coupled input using the AC voltage measurement function Input Impedance 1 MQ 2 in parallel with lt 150 pF Input Protection 750 V rms all ranges Measurement Considerations All frequency counters are susceptible to error when measuring low voltage low frequency signals Shielding inputs from external noise pickup is critical for minimizing measurement errors Settling Considerations Errors will occur when attempting to measure the frequency or period of an input following a dc offset voltage change The input blocking RC time constant must be allowed to fully settle up to 1 sec before the most accurate measurements are possible 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide 135 5 Specifications Capacitance Characteristics Accuracy Specifications of reading of range 0 Function Range 2 Test Current 24 Hour 90 Day Temperat
28. a function of crest factor ECE pir 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide Measurement Tutorial 4 The following table shows the typical error for various pulse waveforms as a function of input pulse frequency Typical error for square wave triangular wave and pulse trains of CF 3 5 or 10 prf square wave triangle wave CF 3 CF 5 CF 10 200 0 02 0 00 0 04 0 09 0 34 1000 0 07 0 00 0 18 0 44 1 71 2000 0 14 0 00 0 34 0 88 3 52 5000 0 34 0 00 0 84 2 29 8 34 10000 0 68 0 00 1 75 4 94 26 00 20000 1 28 0 00 3 07 8 20 45 70 50000 3 41 0 04 6 75 32 0 65 30 100000 5 10 0 12 21 8 50 6 75 40 This table gives an additional error for each waveform to be added to the value from the accuracy table provided in Chapter 5 Specfications The 34410A 11A L4411A specifications are valid for CF lt 10 provided there is insignificant signal energy above the 300 kHz bandwidth for voltage or the 10 kHz bandwidth for current Multimeter performance is not specified for CF gt 10 or when significant out of band signal content is present Example A pulse train with level 1 V ms is measured on the 1 V range It has pulse heights of 3 V that is a Crest Factor of 3 and duration 111 us The prf can be calculated to be 1000 Hz as follows rf PY EG Thus from the table above this ac waveform can be measured with 0 18 percent additional error
29. after initiating a trigger before the data logging function takes its first reading e INTERVAL is the time 20 us to 3599 99999 s between subsequent readings The minimum interval is configuration dependent and may be greater than 20 us e EVENTS TIME is the total duration of the data logging session You can set a COUNT of total readings with N SAMPLES settable from 1 to 50 000 readings Or you can set a DURATION in hours minutes and seconds The maximum duration that you can set is limited to that which results in 50 000 readings but in no event more than HH MM SS 99 59 59 just under 100 hours e Front Panel Operation To set up a data logging session press DATA LOGGER gt SETUP gt START DELAY gt INTERVAL gt EVENTS TIME For START DELAY enter the desired delay use the navigation keypad For INTERVAL enter the desired interval For EVENTS TIME select either COUNT or DURATION Select COUNT if you want to enter a total sample count Select DURATION if you want to enter a time duration Upon pressing Enter the message TO START PRESS TRIGGER KEY appears The data logger is now ready to go Just press to begin logging A trigger pulse on the Ext Trig connector will also initiate the session After the specified delay the main display will show the data as it is collected while the second display line shows a progress bar and the current count down 80 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide Features and Functions 2
30. alphanumeric characters 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide Remote Interface Configuration 3 Instrument Unexpectedly Goes into Remote If your 34410A 11A unexpectedly goes into remote mode it is likely because you have the instrument configured to the LAN on someone else s host controller Operations on that host controller can query your instrument causing it to go into remote mode To prevent this do any of the following e Disconnect the instrument from the LAN e Disable the LAN interface from the front panel Utility menu e Use SYST COMM LAN HISTory to determine the IP address that is causing the problem Then delete your instrument s LAN address from that host controller 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide 97 3 Remote Interface Configuration Setting up a LAN connection from the Front Panel Press Utility UTILITY MENU gt REMOTE I O gt LAN gt ENABLE LAN gt LAN SETTINGS gt VIEW MODIFY If you disable or re enable the LAN interface or any of the LAN services you must cycle the power on the instrument to activate the new configuration Other settings are activated by a LAN restart when you exit the LAN menu e Select VIEW to view the current LAN settings e Select MODIFY to change the LAN settings The following submenus are displayed 1 2 3 4 RESET LAN NO or YES DHCP OFF or ON AUTO IP OFF or ON IP ADDRESS Set IP address in dot notation using navigation keypad This
31. and Functions Trigger Input Output Circuitry The following diagram is representative of the 34410A 11A L4411A trigger input and output circuitry In each circuit a Schmitt Trigger 74LVC14 is used to prevent multiple triggers 3 3 V 100 KQ 3 3 V Ext Trig 3 16 kQ Trigger O i gt gt Input 74LVC14 i yN 5 1V 3 3 V VM Comp 3160 o N V T T B ig Trigger Output Pp 5 1V 74LVC14 Trigger Slope You may select whether the multimeter uses the rising edge POS or falling edge NEG of the external trigger signal to trigger a reading or independently for the voltmeter complete output signal The default for both is NEG e Front Panel Operation Press Auto Trig TRIGGER gt SETUP gt N SAMPLES gt TRIG DELAY gt TRIG SLOPE gt VMC SLOPE For each of TRIG SLOPE and VMC SLOPE you can select either NEG or POS TRIG SLOPE sets the slope of the Ext Trig input signal NEG or POS VMC SLOPE sets the slope of the VM Comp output signal NEG or POS Then step through or exit the configuration menu 78 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide Features and Functions 2 e Remote Interface Operation The following command selects the trigger slope for the external trigger Ext Trig connector TRIGger SLOPe POSitive gt NEGative The following query returns the selected trigger slope for the Ext Trig connector TRIGger SLOPe This query returns POS or NEG The following command select
32. bandwidth setting results in longer settling times as shown in the table below AC Filter Input Frequency _ Settling Time ACV Settling Time ACI Slow 3 Hz 300 kHz 2 5 seconds reading 1 66 seconds reading Medium default 20 Hz 300 kHz 0 625 seconds reading 0 25 seconds reading Fast 200 Hz 300 kHz 0 025 seconds reading 0 025 seconds reading Front Panel Operation Select the ac voltage ac current frequency or period function Press as required gt AC FILTER Select 3 HZ SLOW 20 HZ MEDIUM or 200 HZ FAST and then step through or exit the menu e Remote Interface Operation The following commands set the ac filter 3 20 or 200 Hz for ac measurements SENSe VOLTage AC BANDwidth lt f7 ter gt gt MIN gt MAX gt DEF SENSe CURRent AC BANDwidth lt z7 tez gt gt MIN gt MAX gt DEF The following commands query the filter setting SENSe VOLTage AC BANDwidth MIN gt MAX SENSe CURRent AC BANDwidth MIN gt MAX Refer to the Keysight 34410A 11A L4411A Programmer 5 Reference Help for a complete description and syntax for these commands Gate Time Applies to frequency and period measurements only 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide 55 2 Features and Functions The multimeter provides four choices of gate time also called aperture for frequency or period measurements The gate time selection affects resolution as shown below Gate Tim
33. electrical electronic prod uct in domestic household waste Product Category With reference to the equipment types in the WEEE directive Annex 1 this product is classified as a Monitoring and Control instrumentation product Do not dispose in domestic household waste To return unwanted products contact your local Keysight office or see www keysight com environment product for more information 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide Keysight 34138A Test Lead Set The Keysight 34410A 11A is provided with a Keysight 34138A Test Lead Set described below Test Lead Ratings Test Leads 1000V 15A Fine Tip Probe Attachments 300V 3A Mini Grabber Attachment 300V 3A SMT Grabber Attachments 300V 3A Operation The Fine Tip Mini Grabber and SMT Grabber attachments plug onto the probe end of the Test Leads Maintenance If any portion of the Test Lead Set is worn or damaged do not use Replace with a new Keysight 34138A Test Lead Set WARNING If the Test Lead Set is used in a manner not specified by Keysight Technologies the protection pro vided by the Test Lead Set may be impaired Also do not use a dam aged or worn Test Lead Set Instru ment damage or personal injury may result Declaration of Conformity Declarations of Conformity for this product and for other Keysight products may be downloaded from the Keysight Regulatory Web site http regulations products keysight com DoC search htm 6 3441
34. pA at 25 C Copper alloy 1000 V 140 dB for 1 KQ unbalance in LO lead 500 VDC maximum Selectable 4 wire or 2 wire ohms current source referenced to LO input 10 of range per lead for 100 Q 1 KQ ranges 1 KQ per lead on all other ranges 1000 V on all ranges Selectable on the 100 Q 1 kQ and 10 kQ ranges 0 10 for1A 3A 2 Q for 10 mA 100 mA 200 Q for 100 pA 1 mA Externally accessible 3 A 250 V fuse 300 samples sec with audible tone Fixed at 10 Q Autozero OFF Operation Typical Following instrument warm up at a stable ambient temperature 1 C and lt 5 minutes Add 0 0002 of range 2 uV for DCV or 2 mQ for resistance Settling Considerations Reading settling times are affected by source impedance cable dielectric characteristics and input signal changes Default delays are selected to give first reading right for most measurements Measurement Considerations Keysight recommends the use of high impedance low dielectric absorption wire insulation for these measurements 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide 131 5 Specifications AC Characteristics Accuracy Specifications of reading of range 0 Function Range BI Frequency Range 24 Hour 2 90 Day 1 Year Temperature TcoaL 1 C ToaL 5 C TcaLt5 C Coefficient C 0 C to Toa 5 C Tea 5 C to 55 C TrueRMS AC 100 0000mV 3Hz 5 Hz 0 50 0 02 0 50 0 03 0 50 0 03 0 010 0 003 Voltage 1 to
35. scroll through all second display items including STATS or LIMITS if these functions are enabled e Remote Interface Operation The following command selects the measurement or math function to be displayed on the second display line The lt feed gt parameter is a quoted ASCII string designating the function to be displayed such as VOLTage PTPeak DISPlay WINDow2 TEXT FEED lt feed gt The following query returns the currently selected lt feed gt parameter as a quoted ASCII string DISPlay WINDow2 TEXT FEED Refer to the Keysight 34410A 11A L4411A Programmer 5 Reference Help for a complete description and syntax for these commands Turning the Display Off This feature is available from the remote interface only For security reasons you may want to disable the front panel display When disabled the entire front panel display except for the Error and Remote annunciators goes dark e Remote Interface Operation The following command turns off the display DISPlay OFF The following command queries the display setting DISPlay The query returns a 0 OFF or 1 ON Refer to the Keysight 34410A 11A L4411A Programmer 5 Reference Help for a complete description and syntax for these commands Front Panel Display Shortcuts Direct front panel shortcuts are provided for three commonly used display functions ranging digit masking
36. services or change any LAN settings from the remote interface using SCPI commands To enable or disable the LAN remote interface SYSTem COMMunicate ENABle OFF gt 0 gt ON gt 1 LAN To enable or disable the use of DHCP for the LAN interface SYSTem COMMunicate LAN DHCP OFF gt 0 gt ON gt 1 e To enable or disable the use of Auto IP for the LAN interface SYSTem COMMunicate LAN AUTOip STATe OFF gt 0 gt ON gt 1 e To assign the LAN a static IP address SYySTem COMMunicate LAN IPADdress lt address gt e To assign a LAN Subnet Mask SYSTem COMMunicate LAN SMASk lt mask gt e To assign a LAN Default Gateway SYSTem COMMunicate LAN GATEway lt address gt e To assign a LAN Host Name SYSTem COMMunicate LAN HOSTname lt mame gt e To assign the LAN a static DNS address SYSTem COMMunicate LAN DNS lt address gt e To assign a LAN Domain Name SYSTem COMMunicate LAN DOMain lt zame gt Query forms of these commands are also available Refer to the Keysight 34410A I1A L4411A Programmer s Reference Help for complete command description and syntax 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide 99 3 100 Remote Interface Configuration Keysight 34410A 11A Web Interface The 34410A 11A provides a built in Web Interface You can use this interface over LAN for remote access and control of the multimeter using a Java enabled Web browser such
37. to set integration time both of which affect the measurement resolution These are in the number of power line cycles NPLCs and aperture settable in seconds NPLC mode Using NPLCs sets the number of power line cycles during which the multimeter s analog to digital A D converter samples the input signal for a measurement The multimeter automatically detects the AC line frequency using it and the NPLC selection to set integration time Use a larger NPLC value for better resolution Use a smaller value for faster measurements To obtain normal mode line frequency noise rejection you must select NPLC mode with an integral number of power line cycles for example 1 10 or 100 NPLC The following table shows the resulting resolution for each integration time value in power line cycles selected 52 Integration Time Resolution 0 00T PLC 30 ppm x Range 0 002 PLC 15 ppm x Range 0 006 PLC 6 0 ppm x Range 0 02 PLC 3 0 ppm x Range 0 06 PLC 1 5 ppm x Range 0 2 PLC 0 7 ppm x Range 1 PLC default 0 3 ppm x Range 2 PLC 0 2 ppm x Range 10 PLC 0 1 ppm x Range 100 PLC 0 03 ppm x Range Model 34411A L4411A e Front Panel Operation Select a dc measurement function DC V DC I Q 2W Q 4W or Temp Press Config as required gt INTEGRATION gt NPLC Select the desired NPLC value 0 006 0 02 0 06 0 2 1 2 10 or 100 The 34411A also allows you to select 0 001 or 0 002 Then step through
38. zeros 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide 93 3 94 Remote Interface Configuration Configuring LAN Parameters DHCP DHCP is a protocol for automatically assigning a dynamic IP address subnet mask and default gateway to a device on a network and is typically the easiest way to configure your multimeter for remote communication using the LAN interface e Changing the DHCP setting will cause an automatic LAN restart e When DHCP is enabled factory setting the multmeter will try to obtain an IP address from a DHCP server If a DHCP server is found it will assign a dynamic IP address Subnet Mask and Default Gateway to the instrument The DHCP server may also assign the DNS address and may change the specified Host Name if a manually specified Host Name is already in use e When DHCP is disabled or unavailable the multimeter will use the static IP address Subnet Mask and Default Gateway during power on e Ifa DHCP LAN address is not assigned by a DHCP server then a static IP will be assumed after approximately 1 minute e If Auto IP is enabled a dynamic rather than static IP address will be assigned by the server at power on Auto IP The Auto IP standard automatically assigns an IP address to the multimeter when on a network that does not have DHCP servers e Changing the Auto IP setting will cause an automatic LAN reset e Auto IP allocates IP addresses from the link local address range 169 254 xxx xxx e F
39. 0A 11A L4411A User s Guide Keysight 34410A 11A L4411A at a Glance The Keysight 34410A 34411A and L4411A multimeters provide 64 digit high performance dc and ac measurements e Voltage and Current Measurements DC and AC true rms e Resistance Measurements 2 wire and 4 wire e Continuity and Diode Testing e Frequency and Period Measurements e Capacitance Measurements Temperature Measurements Thermistor and RTD e Auto and Manual Ranging Math Features Null dB dBm limits and statistics e Data Logging Into non volatile instrument memory Instrument State Storage User defined named states GPIB IEEE 488 USB and LAN Three standard remote interfaces LXT Class C Compliant Web Interface Direct web browser access to instrument e SCPI Compatibility For easy instrument programming Voltmeter Complete and External Trigger Signals Synchronize with other instruments in your test system Note This manual covers operation of the Keysight 34410A 34411A and L4411A 6 Digit Multimeters The features described in this manual except where otherwise noted apply to each of the multimeters 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide The Front Panel at a Glance 34410A 11A 4 6 8 12 13 Agilent Sense Input 34410A 5 naw Vae A HI HI 1000VDC 200Vpk 750VAC E om Auto amp 500Vpk sh el 14 Math Auto E S Qoo ud G Front Oo on m Rear Rear Panel Avcatiiaoovy 1
40. 10 and 100 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide Measurement Tutorial 4 The fractional NPLC values offer faster measurements at the expense of some accuracy When you set the NPLC to 1 or more you not only achieve improved accuracy associated with time averaging but also achieve rejection of the power line interference normal mode rejection or NMR the greater the integral NPLC value the larger the NMR Aperture is the period measured in seconds during which the multimeter s analog to digital A D converter samples the input signal for a measurement A longer aperture yields better resolution a shorter aperture provides for faster measurements This feature allows the user to set a specific measurement period not based on power line frequency Values range from 100 us to 1 s for the 34410A and from 20 us to 1 s for the 34411A L4411A No normal mode rejection is provided in aperture mode Offset Compensation With offset compensation enabled ON the multimeter makes a normal temperature measurement first followed by a second measurement to determine any offset voltage in the input circuitry The resultant displayed measurement corrects for this offset Enabling offset compensation increases measurement time NULL Reading The multimeter allows a separate null setting to be saved for the temperature function When making null measurements each reading is the difference between a stored null value and the input signal One
41. 100 mVAC to 750 VAC Technique reciprocal counting Configurable parameters GATE TIME RANGE AC FILTER NULL and NULL VALUE HI Connect test leads as shown 200Vpk 1000vDC AC Signal To Measure Period Press to select the frequency function Then press Config and select PERIOD from the menu Measurement band 0 33 s to 3 3 us Input signal range 100 mVAC to 750 VAC Technique reciprocal counting 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide Quick Start 1 e Configurable parameters GATE TIME RANGE AC FILTER NULL and NULL VALUE Sense Input 2 4w VAE HI Connect test leads as shown 200vpk 1000vDC AC Signal 500Vpk L To Measure Capacitance Press 4 to select the capacitance function e Ranges 1 nF 10 nF 100 nF 1 mF 10 mF e Configurable parameters RANGE NULL and NULL VALUE Sense Input 2 4w VAE Connect test leads as shown HI 200vpk 1000vDC Capacitance To null out the test lead capacitance 1 Disconnect the lead s probe end from the test circuit and leave open 2 Press null 3 Reconnect the lead s probe end to the test circuit and measure the corrected capacitance value To Make a 2 Wire Temperature Measurement Press Temp to select the temperature function Then press Config and select RTD 2W or THERMISTOR 2W from the menu e Probe types 2 2 KQ 5 KQ 10 kQ thermistors 0 00385 C RTD 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide 21 1 22 Quick Start
42. 20 overrange on all ranges except 1000 VDC 3 A range 4 Specifications are for 4 wire ohms function or 2 wire ohms using Math Null Without Math Null add 0 2 Q additional error in 2 wire ohms function 5 For each additional volt over 500 VDC add 0 02 mV of error 6 Accuracy specifications are for the voltage measured at the input terminals only 1 mA test current is typical Variation in the current source will create some variation in the voltage drop across a diode junction 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide 129 5 Specifications Performance Versus Integration Time 60Hz 50Hz Power line frequency RMS Noise Adder range 4 Integration Time Resolution ppm NMR db l Readings DCV DCV DCV Number of Power Line Range Second P 10 1000 V 1 100 V 0 1V Cycles NPLC Resistance Resistance 1K 10K ohm 100 ohm DCI 1 amp 0 001 l 30 0 50 000 0 0060 0 0100 0 1000 0 002 5l 15 0 25 000 0 0030 0 0060 0 0600 0 006 6 0 10 000 0 0012 0 0040 0 0600 0 02 3 0 3000 0 0006 0 0030 0 0300 0 06 1 5 0 1000 0 0003 0 0020 0 0200 0 2 0 7 0 300 0 0002 0 0015 0 0150 1 0 3 55 60 50 0 0 0 0001 0 0010 2 0 2 1105 30 25 0 0 0 0001 0 0010 10 0 1 110 Pl 6 5 0 0 0 0 0 0005 100 0 03 110 PI 0 6 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Resolution is defined as the typical 10 VDC range RMS noise Normal mode rejection for power line frequency 0 1 Maximum rate for DCV DCI and 2 Wire resistance functions using zero settling del
43. 55 A Appendix Firmware and Driver Updates 156 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide Index Numerics 1 Year Specifications 148 24 hour accuracy 148 34410A 7 firmware updates 152 34411A 7 firmware updates 152 90 Day Specifications 148 A AC Current Measurements 18 Configuring 44 Configuring for Accuracy 149 Errors In 123 AC Filter 44 46 55 AC Voltage Measurements Configuring 44 Configuring for Accuracy 149 Errors In 108 High Speed 120 Loading Errors 122 Specifications 132 AC Volts Measurements 17 Accuracy 149 Accuracy Specification Explained 146 Annunciators 39 Aperture 53 Auto Triggering 68 Auto Zero 44 45 46 57 Auto IP 94 Automatic Trigger Delay 74 Autoranging 58 Average Value 65 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide B Bandwidth 16 42 55 Beeper 62 Bumper Removal 27 Burden Voltage 123 Bus Triggering 70 C Cable Capacitance 122 Calibration 86 Calibration Errors 124 Capacitance Measurements 21 Configuring 46 Errors In 115 Specifications 136 Carrry Handle 26 Changing Digits Displayed 15 42 Character Entry 43 Configuring LAN 93 USB 92 Connectors on Rear Panel 9 Continuity Tests 47 D Data Logger 80 dB Measurements 64 dBm Measurements 64 DC Current Measurements 18 Configuring 44 Configuring for Accuracy 149 Errors In 115 DC Voltage Measurements Configuring 44 Configuring for Accuracy 149 Errors In 103 Hih Spee
44. A Programmer s Reference Help and the product manuals are included on the Product Reference CD ROM Printed hardcopy manuals are optional and included only if you ordered them 2 Connect the power cord and turn on the multimeter The front panel display will light up while the multimeter performs its power on self test The multimeter powers up in the de voltage function with autoranging enabled unless a previous user has configured power up using a non default stored state see Multimeter State Storage on page 49 14 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide Quick Start 1 Using the Front Panel 34410A 11A This section introduces the 34410A 11A multimeter front panel Front Panel Keys The front panel provides keys to select various functions and operations Pressing a measurement function key e g DC Vv selects that function Press Config to enter the configuration menu for the selected measurement function Most keys have a shifted function printed in blue above the key To perform a shifted function press Shift and then press the key that has the desired label above it To view and select menu items use the menu navigation keypad for example the Q or keys The current or default selection is displayed in FULL BRIGHTNESS All other choices are displayed in HALF BRIGHTNESS The selections on each menu level scroll but do not wrap Arrow annunciators on the second display line indicate additional selections
45. Discon nect Unplug instrument from wall outlet remove power cord and remove all probes from all termi nals before servicing Only quali fied service trained personnel should remove the cover from the instrument WARNING Line and Current Protection Fuses For continued protection against fire replace the line fuse and the current protection fuse only with fuses of the specified type and rat ing WARNING Front Rear Switch Do not change the position of the Front Rear switch on the front panel while sig nals are present on either the front or rear set of terminals The switch is not intended as an active multi plexer Switching while high volt ages or currents are present may cause instrument damage and lead to the risk of electric shock WARNING IEC Measurement Category Il The HI and LO input terminals may be connected to mains in IEC Cate gory Il installations for line volt ages up to 300 VAC To avoid the danger of electric shock do not connect the inputs to mains for line voltages above 300 VAC See IEC Measurement Category II Overvoltage Protection on the fol lowing page for further informa tion WARNING Protection Limits To avoid instru ment damage and the risk of elec tric shock do not exceed any of the Protection Limits defined in the following section Protection Limits The Keysight 34410A 11A and L4411A Digital Multimeters provide protection circuitry to pre vent damage to th
46. ELete NVMEM The following command returns the number of data points in NVMEM DATA POINts NVMEM Refer to the Keysight 34410A 11A L4411A Programmer 5 Reference Help for a complete description and syntax for these commands 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide 81 2 82 Features and Functions e Web Interface Operation To access the data in the multimeter 5 non volatile memory launch the 34410A 11A Web Interface see Keysight 34410A 11A Web Interface on page 100 Agilent Technologies KAIA D IEEE Welcome to your Web Enabled 6 1 2 Digit Multimeter Information about this Web Enabled Instrument 344104 6 1 2 Digit Multimeter Description Agilent 344104 2000920000 IP Address 156 140 0 0 VISA TCPIP Connect String Turn Of Front Panel Identification Indicator Advanced information Use the navigation bar on the letto access your 6 1 2 Digit Multimeter and related information Agilent Technologies Inc 2005 Click on Browser Web Control to display the Control DMM dialog box Control DMM OBSERVE ONLY pevas ANP igh Bor ee po a 0 34239247 Tuto EOE OP NEN 9K cto e 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide Features and Functions 2 Now click on View Data In the dialog select Non volatile Memory Readings and then click on Get Data to view the logged data i View Data OBSERVE ONLY AEA DElPIE Readings ii y INon volatile Memory Readings l
47. Keysight 34410A 11A 6 Digit Multimeter includes the L4411A 1U DMM KEYSIGHT User s Guide TECHNOLOGIES NOTICE This document contains references to Agilent Technologies Agilent s former Test and Measurement business has become Keysight Technologies For more information go to www keysight com KEYSIGHT TECHNOLOGIES Notices Keysight Technologies 2005 2014 No part of this manual may be reproduced in any form or by any means including electronic storage and retrieval or translation into a for eign language without prior agreement and written consent from Keysight Technologies as governed by United States and international copyright laws Manual Part Number 34410 90001 Edition Edition 6 August 2014 Printed in Malaysia Keysight Technologies 1400 Fountaingrove Parkway Santa Rosa CA 95403 Microsoft and Windows are U S registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation Software Revision This guide is valid for the firmware that was installed in the instrument at the time of manu facture However upgrading the firmware may add or change product features For the latest firmware and documentation go to the product page at www keysight com find 34410A or www keysight com find 34411A or www keysight com find L4411A Warranty The material contained in this doc ument is provided as is and is subject to being changed without notice in future editions Further
48. Note the directory location as you will need to specify the path to the firmware file when you run the update utility Depending on the interface to the 34410A or 34411A the firmware update utility will require the instrument s LAN address GPIB address or USB address alias Note this address before starting the utility 152 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide Appendix Firmware and Driver Updates A 1 From the directory where the update utility was installed start the utility by selecting FirmwareUpdateUtility exe Select Next until the window shown in Figure A 1 appears Firmware Update Utility Firmware File Selection Select a file to download File Name Browse Firmware File Information Revision Applicable Model e Figure A 1 Firmware Update Utility File Selection Window 2 Using the Browse button specify the path to the firmware file Once specified the instrument model number will appear in the Applicable Model window along with the revision and instrument description Select Next The Applicable Model window lists the instruments which may be updated by the specified firmware xs image The window is not used to select the instrument receiving the firmware update 3 Select the I O interface to the instrument and then select Next Enter the machine name IP address GPIB address or Alias as prompted Figure A 2 Select Update to start the upd
49. O buffer holding up to 50 000 readings 34410A or 1 million readings 34411 A L4411A The oldest readings are preserved Remote Interface Operation The following command transfers readings stored in non volatile memory into the multimeter s output buffer from where you can read them into your computer FETCh The following command will obtain whatever readings are present in NVMEM and erase them as they are read R Refer to the Keysight 34410A 11A L4411A Programmer 5 Reference Help for a complete description and syntax for these commands Front Rear Input Terminal Switching 34410A 11A WARNING Front Panel Operation The Front Rear switch manually selects the set of input terminals front or rear that is connected internally for measurements Both sets are equivalent and include Sense LO and HI Input LO and HI and Current J terminals The Rear annunciator is lit when the rear inputs are selected See The Front Panel at a Glance 34410A 11A on page 8 for the location of the Front Rear switch The Front Rear switch has no effect on the Ext Trig or VM Comp connectors Do not change the position of the Front Rear switch while signals are present on either the front or rear set of terminals Switching while high voltages or currents are present may cause instrument damage and may increase the risk of electric shock 50 Remote Interface Operation The Front Rear switch is manually switchable only and canno
50. OF OM U KODNI A CAUTION notice denotes a hazard It calls attention to an operating pro cedure practice or the like that if not correctly performed or adhered to could result in damage to the product or loss of important data Do not pro ceed beyond a CAUTION notice until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met WARNING A WARNING notice denotes a haz ard It calls attention to an operat ing procedure practice or the like that if not correctly performed or adhered to could result in per sonal injury or death Do not pro ceed beyond a WARNING notice until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide Safety Information Do not defeat power cord safety ground fea ture Plug in to a grounded earthed outlet Do not use product in any manner not specified by the manufacturer Do not install substitute parts or perform any unauthorized modification to the product Return the product to a Keysight Technologies Sales and Service Office for service and repair to ensure that safety features are maintained Safety Symbols Earth Ground Chassis Ground 7 A A CATI 300V Risk of electric shock Refer to manual for addi tional safety information IEC Measurement Category IL Inputs may be connected to mains up to 300 VAC under Category II overvolt age conditions 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide WARNING Main Power and Test Input
51. P Select OFF or ON and then step through or exit the menu 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide 61 2 Features and Functions Beeper 34410A 11A Normally the multimeter emits a tone from the front panel whenever certain conditions are met for example the multimeter beeps when a stable reading is captured in reading hold mode The beeper is factory set to ON but may be disabled or enabled manually 62 Turning off the beeper does not disable the key click generated when you press a front panel key A beep tone is always emitted even with the beep state turned OFF in the following cases A continuity measurement is less than or equal to the continuity threshold A SYSTem BEEPer command is sent A beep tone is emitted only if the beep state is ON in the following cases An error is generated A set LO or HI limit is exceeded in a limit test A stable reading is captured in the reading hold mode A forward biased diode is measured in the diode test function Front Panel Operation Press Utility UTILITY MENU gt MISC SETTINGS gt BEEPER Select OFF or ON and then step through or exit the menu Remote Interface Operation The following command disables or enables the front panel beeper SYSTem BEEPer STATe OFF gt 0 gt ON gt 1 The following command queries the state of the beeper SYSTem BEEPer STATe This query returns a 0 OFF or 1 ON Refer to the Keysight 34410A 11A L4411A Programme
52. Ranging on page 41 Or use the configuration menu for the selected function For the latter method Press as required gt RANGE gt AUTO or gt RANGE gt MANUAL select the desired range Then step through or exit the menu For manual ranging If the input signal is greater than can be measured on the selected range the multimeter provides these overload indications OVLD from the front panel or 9 9E 37 from the remote interface The sign is or whichever is appropriate 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide Features and Functions 2 e Remote Interface Operation Autoranging may be enabled or disabled for the specified function using the following command SENSe lt function gt RANGe AUTO OFF gt ONCE gt 0 gt ON gt 1 where lt functrom VOLTage DC VOLTage AC CURRent DC CURRent AC RESistance FRESistance or CAPacitance For lt functiom gt FREQuency or PERiod the range commands affect the ac signal input voltage range The following command queries the autoranging feature status for the specified lt funct ior SENSe lt functiom gt RANGe AUTO This query command returns 0 OFF or 1 ON The following command manually sets the multimeter range for the specified lt funct ior SENSe lt function RANGe UPPER lt range gt gt MIN gt MAX gt DEF A manual range may also be set using the CONFigure or MEASure commands The following comma
53. Rs Rs Ri Error l Re O y To reduce the effects of loading errors and to minimize noise pickup you can set the multimeter s input resistance to gt 10 GQ the HI Z setting for the 100 mVdc 1 Vdc and 10 Vdc ranges The input resistance is maintained at 10 MQ for the 100 Vdc and 1000 Vdc ranges 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide 103 4 104 Measurement Tutorial Noise Rejection Rejecting Power Line Noise Voltages A desirable characteristic of integrating analog to digital A D converters is their ability to reject power line related noise present with dc input signals This is called normal mode noise rejection or NMR The multimeter achieves NMR by measuring the average dc input by integrating it over a fixed period If you set the integration time to a whole number of power line cycles PLCs these errors and their harmonics will average out to approximately zero The multimeter provides four integration selections 1 2 10 and 100 PLCs that achieve NMR The multimeter measures the power line frequency 50 Hz or 60 Hz and then determines the corresponding integration time For a complete listing of NMR approximate added rms noise reading rate and resolution for each integration setting see the Performance vs Integration Time table on page 130 You can also program specific apertures using the INTEGRATION settings to reject undesired signal frequency components Common Mode Rejection
54. STATE_1 UTILITY MENU gt STORE RECALL gt STORE gt STORE STATE gt 1 STATE_1 gt CHANGE NAME Use the navigation keypad to enter a new name up to 12 characters or just press to store with the default name To recall any of five stored states for example STATE 1 UTILITY MENU gt STORE RECALL gt RECALL gt RECALL STATE gt 1 STATE_1 To delete a state you have stored for example STATE_1 UTILITY MENU gt STORE RECALL gt DELETE gt DELETE STATE gt 1 STATE_1 To rename a state you have stored for example STATE_1 UTILITY MENU gt STORE RECALL gt RENAME gt RENAME STATE gt 1 STATE_1 gt CHANGE NAME Use the navigation keypad to enter a new name up to 12 characters or just press to store with the current name To select any previously stored state 0 4 as the power on default state for example STATE _1 UTILITY MENU gt STORE RECALL gt PWR ON gt PWR ON AUTO gt ON gt PWR ON STATE gt 1 STATE 1 e Remote Interface Operation Refer to the MEMory command subsystem in the Keysight 34410A 11A L4411A Programmer 5 Reference Help for a complete description and syntax of the commands that store recall and name multimeter states from the remote interface 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide 49 2 Features and Functions Accessing Reading Memory Reading memory is accessed directly from the remote interface only The multimeter s reading memory is a first in first out FIF
55. User s Guide 87 2 88 Features and Functions System Related Operations Factory Setting Display State 34410A 11A Reading Memory Error Queue On Cleared Cleared at Power On Not cleared by a front panel or remote interface Reset command Stored States No change Calibration State Secured Input Output Configuration Factory Setting Enable Interfaces 1 LAN Enabled GPIB Enabled USB Enabled Lan Settings 2 DHCP On Auto IP On IP Address 169 254 4 10 Subnet Mask 255 255 0 0 Default Gateway 0 0 0 0 DNS Server 0 0 0 0 Host Name A 34410A nnnnn for 34410A 3 LAN Services GPIB Settings GPIB Address A 34411A nnnnn for 34411A A L4411A nnnnn for L4411A Enable All 22 1 Interface enable or LAN service changes take effect only after you cycle power 2 LAN setting changes require a LAN restart From SCPI you must cycle power 3 Where nnnnn represents the last 5 digits of the instrument serial number The power on reset state may be different than that in the above tables if you have enabled the power on state recall mode PWR ON AUTO set to On from the Utility menu Also you can recall one of four stored instrument states other than the power on state See Multimeter State Storage on page 49 for further information 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide Keysight 34410A 11A L4411A 6 Digit Multimeter User s G
56. ad provides a shortcut for quickly changing these settings e Ifthe multimeter is configured to take the measurement using an integration time in NPLCs pressing Q or during front panel measurement operations will increase or decrease the integration time setting e Ifeither the ac voltage or ac current measurement function is selected pressing Q or during front panel measurement operations will increase or decrease the bandwidth setting e Ifthe frequency period measurement function is selected pressing Q or during front panel measurement operations will increase or decrease the gate time setting 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide Quick Start 1 Making Basic Measurements 34410A 11A This section introduces the many types of measurements that you can make with your 34410A 11A multimeter and how to make connections for each measurement Most basic measurements can be taken using the factory default settings A more complete description of all multimeter functions measurement parameter configuration and remote interface operation is provided in Chapter 2 For each measurement connect the test leads as shown The test lead connections are the same for the front or rear set of terminals Before making test lead connections use the Front Rear button on the front panel to select either the front or rear set of terminals The Rear annunciator lights if the rear terminals are selected WARNING Do not press the Front Rear button wh
57. afety EMC Warranty 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide General Specifications L4411A Universal 100V to 240V 10 45 Hz to 440 Hz 10 automatically sensed 50 VA peak 18W average Full accuracy for 0 C to 55 C Full accuracy to 80 R H at 40 C 40 C to 70 C 40 9 x 212 3 x 363 2 mm 1 61 x 8 36 x 14 3 in 1 9 kg 4 25 Ibs Dual line 5x7 Dot Matrix 16 character LCD conforms to CSA UL IEC EN 61010 1 conforms to IEC EN 613226 1 CISPR 11 1 year Specifications 5 143 5 144 Specifications Triggering and Memory Reading Hold Sensitivity Samples per Trigger Trigger Delay External Trigger Delay Jitter Max rate Min Pulsewidth Voltmeter Complete Polarity Pulsewidth Non volatile Memory Sample Timer Range Jitter 1 of reading 1 to 50 000 34410A 1 to 1 000 000 34411A L4411A 0 to 3600 sec 20 us step size Low power TTL compatible input programmable edge triggered lt 1s lt 1s up to 5 kHz 1 us 3 V Logic output Programmable edge pulse Approximately 2 us 50 000 readings Up to 3600 sec in 20 us steps lt 100 ns 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide Dimensions o00000 O0O0C j oo Specifications 5 00 022000068 Oo oo00000 212 8 A 4x15 252 58 M4 X 0 7
58. all Bandwidth DCV and DCI 15 kHz typical 20 us aperture 3 dB Triggering Pre or Post Internal or External Positive or Negative Timebase Resolution 19 9524 us 0 01 accuracy Trigger Jitter 2 us p p 20 us p p when pre triggered External Trigger Latency lt 3 us Internal Trigger Level Accuracy 1 of range Spurious Free Dynamic Range and SNDR Function Range Spurious Free Signal to Noise Dynamic Range Distortion Ratio SNDR DCV 100 0000 mV 55 dB 40 dB 1 000000 V 75 dB 60 dB 10 00000 V 70 dB 65 dB 100 0000 V 75 dB 60 dB 1000 000 V 60 dB 55 dB DCI 100 0000 pA P 50 dB 38 dB 1 000000 mA 65 dB 50 dB 10 00000 mA 45 dB 38 dB 100 0000 mA 65 dB 50 dB 1 000000 A 65 dB 55 dB 3 00000 A 70 dB 55 dB 1 10 V range specifications are valid for signals 2 V p p lt x t lt 16 V p p 2 100 pA range specifications are valid for signals 28 8 pA p p lt x t lt 200 uA p p 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide Measurement and System Speeds DMM Measurements Speeds Specifications 5 Direct I O Measurements l Measurement Single Reading Measure and I O Time Into Memory Function Resolution GPIB USB 2 0 LAN VXI 11 LAN Sockets Readings Sec NPLC Sec Sec Sec Sec VM Complete DCV 10 V Range 0 001 PI 0 0026 0 0029 0 0046 0 0032 50000 0 006 0 0026 0 0029 0 0046 0 0032 10000 0 06 0 0031 0 0032 0 0047 0 0040 1000 1 0 0190 0 0190 0 0200 0 0190 60 ACV 10 V Range Slow Filte
59. ange auto or manual is used for reading hold If you manually select a new range reading hold is disabled e To enable reading hold press Auto Trig TRIGGER gt HOLD The Hold annunciator is lit Each time a stable reading is detected the reading is displayed and the beeper sounds if enabled 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide 69 2 70 Features and Functions Immediate Triggering This mode is available from the remote interface only In the immediate trigger mode the trigger signal is always present When you place the multimeter in the wait for trigger state the trigger is issued immediately This is the default trigger source for remote interface operation e Remote Interface Operation The following command selects the immediate trigger source TRIGger SOURce IMMediate The CONFigure and MEASure commands automatically set the trigger source to IMMediate Refer to the Keysight 34410A 11A L4411A Programmer s Reference Help for a complete description and syntax for these commands Software Bus Triggering This mode is available from the remote interface only The bus trigger mode corresponds in function to pressing the key from the front panel except that the trigger is initiated by sending a bus trigger command after selecting BUS as the trigger source e The following command selects the bus trigger source TRIGger SOURce BUS Then any of the following commands will initiate read
60. application of NULL is to increase accuracy of two wire resistance measurements by first nulling the closed circuit test lead resistance 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide 119 4 Measurement Tutorial High Speed Measurements 120 Making High Speed AC Measurements The multimeter s ac voltage and ac current functions implement three low frequency filters These filters allow you to trade off minimum measured frequency for faster reading speed The FAST filter settles in 0 025 seconds and is useful for frequencies above 200 Hz The MEDIUM filter settles in 0 625 seconds for voltage and 0 25 seconds for current and is useful for measurements above 20 Hz The SLOW filter settles in 2 5 seconds for voltage and 1 66 seconds for current and is useful for frequencies above 3 Hz With a few precautions you can perform ac measurements at speeds up to 500 readings per second Use manual ranging to eliminate autoranging delays By setting the trigger delay to 0 the FAST MEDIUM and SLOW filters allow up to 500 150 and 50 readings per second albeit with reduced accuracy since the filter may not fully settle If the sample to sample levels are similar little settling time is required for each new reading Under this specialized condition the MEDIUM filter provides reduced accuracy results at 20 readings per second and the FAST filter provides reduced accuracy results at 200 readings per second AC Filter Filter Settling Time Full Settli
61. as Microsoft Internet Explorer To access and use the 34410A 11A Web Interface 1 Establish a LAN interface connection from your computer to the multimeter 2 Open your computer s Web browser 3 Launch the 344 0A 11A Web Interface by entering the IP address of your multimeter or its fully qualified host name in the browser address field The following welcome screen appears Agilent Technologies KAA Di E Welcome to your Web Enabled 6 1 2 Digit Multimeter Information about this Web Enabled Instrument 34410A 6 1 2 Digit Multimeter Serial Number 2000920000 Description Agilent 3441 0A 2000920000 Hostname IP Address 156 140 0 0 VISA TCPIP Connect String TCPIP0 156 140 0 0 INSTR Turn Off Front Panel Identification Indicator El Advanced information Use the navigation bar on the leftta access your 6 1 2 Digit Multimeter and related information Agilent Technologies Inc 2005 4 For further information click Help with this Page and follow the instructions in the Web Interface Help 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide Keysight 34410A 11A L4411A 6 Digit Multimeter User s Guide 4 Measurement Tutorial The Keysight 34410A 11A L4411A multimeter is capable of making highly accurate measurements In order to achieve the greatest accuracy you must take the necessary steps to eliminate potential measurement errors This chapter describes common errors found in measurements and
62. asured Electrostatic discharges of 4000 V or greater may cause the multimeter to temporarily stop responding resulting in a lost or erroneous reading The specifications on the following pages are valid for the Keysight 34410A 34411A and L4411A multimeters with firmware revision 2 05 or later Specifications are subject to change without notice For the latest specifications see the product datasheet on the Web Firmware updates may also be available on the Web Start at either product page www keysight com find 34410A www keysight com find 34411A www keysight com find L4411A This ISM device complies with Canadian ICES 007 Cet appareil ISM est conforme a la norme NMB 001 du Canada N10149 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide DC Characteristics Accuracy Specifications t of reading of range 1 Specifications 5 Function Range BI Test Current or 24 Hour PI Bo Day f Year Temperature Burden Voltage Teap 1 C TceaL 5 C TcaLt5 C Coefficient C 0 C to Tea 5 C Tcat 5 C to 55 C DC 100 0000 mV 0 0030 0 0030 0 0040 0 0035 0 0050 0 0035 0 0005 0 0005 1 000000 V 0 0020 0 0006 0 0030 0 0007 0 0035 0 0007 0 0005 0 0001 10 00000 V 0 0015 0 0004 0 0020 0 0005 0 0030 0 0005 0 0005 0 0001 100 0000 V 0 0020 0 0006 0 0035 0 0006 0 0040 0 0006 0 0005 0 0001 1000 000 v P 0 0020 0 0006 0 0035 0 0006 0 0040 0 0006 0 0005 0 0001 Res
63. ate process 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide 153 A Appendix Firmware and Driver Updates Firmware Update Utility Instrument Detection and Update x Connection Information Update to Revision Library Interface Name 328 ea Po H Enter Machine Name IP 169 254 4 10 INSTR The update results NOTE Please see help for further details Update lt Back Figure A 2 Specifying the Instrument Address The firmware update takes a few moments to complete The 34410A 11A will reboot once the update is complete 154 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide Appendix Firmware and Driver Updates A Downloading IVI COM Driver Updates An IVI COM driver for the 34410A 11A is provided on the Product Reference CD ROM p n 34410 13601 Updates to the IVI COM driver can be found on the Web at www keysight com find 34410A or www keysight com find 34411A Once this page is displayed click on Technical Support under the heading More Details From the Technical Support window scroll to Drivers and Software and select y Instrument Drivers y Starts with 3 Download Keysight drivers for instruments that start with 3 y Keysight 34410A Digital Multimeter 6 5 Digit or y Keysight 34411A Digital Multimeter 6 5 Digit Select Download to install the driver Additional information is provided by the More Information link next to the Download link 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide 1
64. ay autozero off etc 4 Autozero on for gt 1 NPLC Basic dc accuracy specifications previous page include RMS noise at 100 NPLC For lt 100 NPLC add appropriate RMS Noise Adder to basic accuracy specification t 1 75 dB and for 3 55 dB 2 3 5 6 For power line frequency 4 Only for 34411 A L4411A Transfer Accuracy Typical All DC volts lt 0 12 A DC Current lt 1 2 MQ 24 hour of range error 2 All other DC current and resistance 24 hour of range error of reading 2 Conditions 130 Within 10 minutes and 0 5 C Within 10 of initial value Following a 2 hour warm up Fixed range Using 210 NPLC Measurements are made using accepted metrology practices 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide DC Voltage Measurement Method 10 VDC Linearity Input Resistance 0 1 V 1 V 10 V Ranges 100 V 1000 V Ranges Input Bias Current Input Terminals Input Protection DC CMRR Resistance Measurement Method Max Lead Resistance 4 wire ohms Input Protection Offset Compensation DC Current Shunt Resistor Input Protection Continuity Diode Test Response Time Continuity Threshold Specifications 5 Continuously integrating multi slope IV A D converter 0 0002 of reading 0 0001 of range Selectable 10 MQ or gt 10 GQ For these ranges inputs beyond 17 V are clamped through 100 kQ typical Fixed 10 MQ 1 lt 50
65. can however instruct the multimeter to take up to 50 000 readings up to 1 million for the 34411A L4411A each time a trigger is initiated whether from the front panel or remote interface e Front Panel Operation Press Auto Trig TRIGGER gt SETUP gt N SAMPLES Enter the desired number of samples per trigger using the navigation keypad and then step through or exit the menu e Remote Interface Operation The following command selects the number of samples the multimeter will take per trigger SAMPle COUNt lt counmt gt gt MIN gt MAX After setting the sample count you must place the meter in the wait for trigger state before readings are triggered see Software Bus Triggering on page 70 Refer to the Keysight 34410A 11A L4411A Programmer 5 Reference Help for a complete description and syntax for this command 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide 71 2 72 Features and Functions Number of Pre Trigger Samples 34411A L4411A The 34411A and L4411A provide pre triggering This feature allows you to specify a pre trigger sample count of readings to be retained before the trigger is received The pre trigger sample count must be less than the sample count Pre triggering is primarily a remote interface function and is described more completely in the Keysight 34410A 11A L4411A Programmer 5 Reference Help However you can set the pre trigger count from the front panel and you can use pre triggering with the Data Lo
66. ce between the input LO terminal and earth approximately 200 pF the source will experience different loading depending on how the input is applied The magnitude of the error is dependent upon the source s response to this loading The multimeter s measurement circuitry while extensively shielded responds differently in the backward input case due to slight differences in stray capacitance to earth The multimeter s errors are greatest for high voltage high frequency inputs Typically the multimeter exhibits about 0 06 additional error for a 100 V 100 kHz reverse input You can use the grounding techniques described for de common mode problems to minimize ac common mode voltages Leakage Current Errors The multimeter s input capacitance will charge up due to input bias currents when the terminals are open circuited if the input resistance is gt 10 GQ The multimeter s measuring circuitry exhibits approximately 30pA of input bias current for ambient temperatures from 0 C to 30 C Bias current doubles x2 for every 8 C change in ambient temperature above 30 C This current generates small voltage offsets 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide Measurement Tutorial 4 dependent upon the source resistance of the device under test This effect becomes evident for a source resistance of greater than 100 kQ or when the multimeter s operating temperature is significantly greater than 30 C Rs VAA HI i ib multimeter b
67. compensation feature With offset compensation enabled the multimeter makes a normal resistance measurement first followed by a second measurement to determine any offset voltage in the input circuitry The resultant displayed measurement corrects for this offset Enabling offset compensation increases measurement time AUTO ZERO Allows you to enable for all readings ON enable for one reading ONCE or disable OFF the auto zero feature which subtracts a subsequent zero reading from each measurement NULL Allows you to enable ON or disable OFF the null measurement feature which measures the difference between a stored null value and the input signal NULL VALUE Allows you to view and edit the null value if enabled Configuring Frequency and Period Measurements For frequency and period measurements your menu selections are CONFIGURE GATE TIME RANGE AC FILTER NULL and NULL VALUE CONFIGURE Allows you to select either FREQUENCY or PERIOD as the primary measurement GATE TIME Allows you to select one of four choices 0 001 0 01 0 1 or 1 for gate time in seconds RANGE Allows you to let the multimeter automatically select the range using the autoranging feature select AUTO or you may select a fixed range select MANUAL 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide 45 2 46 Features and Functions AC FILTER Allows you to select from three choices 3 HZ SLOW 20 HZ MEDIUM or 200 HZ FAST The ac filter a
68. ctions 2 SCPI Commands The Keysight 34410A 11A L4411A complies with the syntax rules and conventions of SCPI Standard Commands for Programmable Instruments For complete SCPI command syntax information refer to the Keysight 34410A 11A L4411A Programmer 5 Reference Help This is a standard Windows help system provided on the Keysight 34410A 11A L4411A Product Reference CD ROM that came with your instrument SCPI Language Conventions Throughout this guide the following conventions are used for SCPI command syntax for remote interface programming e Braces enclose the parameter choices for a given command string The braces are not sent with the command string e A vertical bar separates multiple parameter choices for a given command string e Triangle brackets lt gt indicate that you must specify a value for the enclosed parameter The brackets are not sent with the command string e Some parameters are enclosed in square brackets This indicates that the parameter is optional and can be omitted The brackets are not sent with the command string If you do not specify a value for an optional parameter the instrument chooses a default value SCPI Language Version You can determine the SCPI version to which your instrument adheres by sending a command from the remote interface e You can query the SCPI version from the remote interface only e Remote Interface Operation The SYSTem VERSion query return
69. cy 21 Measure Period 21 Measure Capacitance 22 Make a 2 Wire Temperature Measurement 23 Make a 4 Wire Temperature Measurement 23 Test Continuity 24 Check Diodes 24 Other Basics of Operation 25 If the Multimeter Does Not Turn On 25 To Replace the Power Line Fuse 34410A 11A 26 To Adjust the Carrying Handle 27 To Rack Mount the Multimeter 34410A 11A 28 34410A 11A User s Guide 29 Contents 2 Features and Functions 35 SCPI Commands 37 Front Panel Features 34410A 11A 38 Front Panel Display 38 Displayed Messages 38 Self Guiding Menus 38 Annunciators 40 Second Display Options 41 Turning the Display Off 41 Front Panel Display Shortcuts 42 Front Panel Alphanumeric Character Entry 43 Front Panel Measurement Configuration Menus 44 Configuring DC Voltage and DC Current Measurements 44 Configuring AC Voltage and Current Measurements 45 Configuring Resistance Measurements 45 Configuring Frequency and Period Measurements 46 Configuring Temperature Measurements 46 Configuring Capacitance Measurements 47 Continuity and Diode Tests 47 Advanced Configuration Options 48 Multimeter State Storage 48 Accessing Reading Memory 49 Front Rear Input Terminal Switching 34410A 11A 49 Multimeter Reset 50 DC Measurements 51 Integration Time and Resolution 51 DC Input Impedance 53 AC Measurements 54 AC Filter 54 Gate Time 55 30 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide Auto Zero 56 Ranging 57 Null Measurements 59 Miscellaneous Con
70. d 121 Integration Integration Time 52 Loading Error 103 Specifications 129 Thermal EMF Error 103 DC Volts Measurement 17 Declaration of Conformity 6 Default Gateway 95 Default Settings 87 Delay triggering 73 Description 7 DHCP 93 Digit Masking 15 42 Diode Test 23 Diode Tests 47 Display 38 Character Entry 43 Shortcuts 15 41 Turn Off 41 Display Annunciators 39 Display Options 40 DNS Server 93 96 downloading firmware updates 152 downloading the IVI COM driver 155 E Error Conditions 85 errors reading 85 EXT TRIG Terminal 76 External Triggering 76 157 Index F Factory Settings 87 firmware updates downloads 152 installation 152 update utility 152 Frequency Measurements 20 Configuring 45 Configuring for Accuracy 149 Errors In 114 Specifications 134 Front Panel Description 8 10 Front Panel Display 38 Front Panel Keys 15 Front Rear Terminal Switch 50 Fuse 24 Power Line 25 G Gate Time 16 42 45 55 GPIB Interface 91 Ground Loops 105 H High Speed Measurements 120 High Voltage Self Heating Error 123 Host Name 96 IEEE 488 91 MMediate Triggering 70 nput Impedance 44 54 ntegration 44 45 46 Ntegration Time 16 42 ntegration TIme 104 ntegration Time 52 NTernal Triggering 70 IP Address 94 IVI COM driver updates 155 e n 158 K Keys 8 10 15 L LAN Interface 90 93 Leakage Current 124 Limit TEsting 63 Limi
71. d syntax for these commands The null function in the CALCulate FUNCtion command is provided only for SCPI compatibility with the 34401A Multimeter This null is not available from the front panel The use of this null is deprecated for the 34410A 11A L4411A Use the null per function commands found in the SENSe subsystem instead See Null Measurements on page 60 and the Keysight 34410A 11A L4411A Programmer Reference Help for details 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide 63 Features and Functions dB Measurements Applies to ac voltage and dc voltage measurements only Each dB measurement is the difference between the input signal and a stored relative value with both values converted to dBm dB reading in dBm relative value in dBm e The relative value can take any value between 0 dBm and 200 0 dBm The default relative value is 0 dBm You can either let the instrument automatically measure this value or you can enter a specified value Front Panel Operation Press Nui Math MATH gt dB gt dB RELATIVE Select MEASURE or VALUE Select MEASURE if you want the instrument to set the relative value automatically by measurement The Math annunciator will light and the reading will be displayed in dB If the configured settings will result in a long measurement time or have the multimeter waiting for an external trigger the Math annunciator will flash until the relative value measurement is taken Selec
72. e to set up and use the data logger function Nutt Math to turn on and select the math functions Auto Trig to return the multimeter to auto trigger mode enable reading hold or select various triggering options Utility to configure utility options or the remote interface dnt Reset to reset the multimeter to its reset state equivalent to the RST command in SCPI e When you press Shift the Shift annunciator is lit It toggles on and off e Ifthe multimeter is in the remote interface mode Remote annunciator is lit pressing Local once returns the multimeter to local front panel operation 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide Features and Functions 2 e Once you have entered a menu use the Q or keys to view and select a menu item from those displayed on the second line t hl i OFF dB dBM STATS The selected or default item is displayed in full brightness for example dBM in the menu above All other choices are displayed in half brightness OFF dB or STATS above nat tL rye ry The menu selections scroll but do not wrap Arrows indicate additional selections if any to the left or right In the example above the arrow indicates at least one more selection to the right of STATS e To confirm a selection press the key which also takes you to the next menu level If you are already at the last level in the menu pressing exits the menu e To review a menu configuration press Ent
73. e related errors for example over temperature Errors are retrieved in first in first out FIFO order The first error returned is the first error that was stored Errors are cleared as you read them Once you have read all of the interface specific errors the errors in the global queue are retrieved Errors are cleared as you read them When you have read all errors from the interface specific and global error queues the ERROR annunciator turns off and the errors are cleared If more than 20 errors have occurred the last error stored in the queue the most recent error is replaced with 350 Error queue overflow No additional errors are stored until you remove errors from the queue If no errors have occurred when you read the error queue the instrument responds with 0 No error The front panel reports errors from all I O sessions as well as the global error queue Both the interface specific and global error queues are cleared by the CLS Clear Status command and when power is cycled The errors are also cleared when you read the error queue The error queue is not cleared by a Factory Reset RST command or an Instrument Preset SYSTem PRESet command Reading the Error Queue You can read the error queue either from the front panel or from the remote interface Front Panel Operation Press Utility UTILITY MENU gt SCPI ERRORS Scroll through the errors using the navigation keypad Press
74. e 2 wire ohms null value and enable that value to be subtracted from subsequent measurements See also Null Measurements on page 60 Minimizing Power Dissipation Effects When measuring resistors designed for temperature measurements or other resistive devices with large temperature coefficients be aware that the multimeter will dissipate some power in the device under test If power dissipation is a problem you should select the multimeter s next higher measurement range to reduce the errors to acceptable levels The following table shows several examples Range Test Current DUT Power at Full Scale 100 Q 1mA 100 uW 1kQ 1mA 1mW 10 kQ 100 uA 100 uW 100 kQ 10 uA 10 uW 1MQ 5 pA 25 uW 10 MQ 500 nA 2 5 uW Errors in High Resistance Measurements When you are measuring large resistances significant errors can occur due to insulation resistance and surface cleanliness You should take the necessary precautions to maintain a clean high resistance system Test leads and fixtures are susceptible to leakage due to moisture absorption in insulating materials and dirty surface films Nylon and PVC are relatively poor insulators 10 Q when compared to PTFE insulators 10 Q Leakage from nylon or PVC insulators can easily contribute a 0 1 error when measuring a 1 MQ resistance in humid conditions 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide 107 4 Measurement Tutorial True RMS AC Measurements 108 True rms r
75. e Configurable parameters PROBE TYPE THERMISTOR or RTD value AUTO ZERO OFFSET COMP RTD probes only INTEGRATION UNITS NULL and NULL VALUE Sense Input I 2 4w VOAE H XX Connect test leads as shown O HI 200vVpk 1000VDC Thermistor or RTD O 500Vpk 1 To Make a 4 Wire Temperature Measurement Press Temp to select the temperature function Then press Config and select RTD 4W or THERMISTOR 4W from the menu e Probe types 2 2 KQ 5 KQ 10 kQ thermistors 0 00385 C RTD e Configurable parameters PROBE TYPE THERMISTOR or RTD value OFFSET COMP RTD probes only INTEGRATION UNITS NULL and NULL VALUE Sense Input Wj 2 4w varies Wire Sense HI HI Connect test leads as shown ce gt 1000VDC 200Vpk Thermistor or R gt C amp O 500Vpk L 1 4 Wire Sense LO All 4 wire temperature measurements are made with auto zero on To Test Continuity Press to select the continuity function e Test current source 1 mA 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide Quick Start e Beeper Threshold beeps below 10Q Sense Input 2 4w VAE HI Connect test leads as shown 200vpk 1000vDC Open or Closed Circuit O 500Vpk L 1 To Check Diodes Press to select the diode test function e Test current source 1 mA e Beeper Threshold 0 3V voltage measured 0 8V not adjustable Connect test leads as shown 200vpk 1000VDC Forward Bias O 500Vpk al
76. e Resolution 1 ms 100 ppm x Range 10 ms 10 ppm x Range 100 ms 1 ppm x Range 1s 0 1 ppm x Range e Front Panel Operation Press Freq and then press Config CONFIGURE gt FREQENCY gt GATE TIME or CONFIGURE gt PERIOD gt GATE TIME Select a gate time in seconds 001 01 1 ov 1 and then step through or exit the menu e Remote Interface Operation The following commands set the gate time aperture for frequency or period measurements SENSe FREQuency APERture lt seconds gt gt MIN gt MAX gt DEF SENSe PERiod APERture lt seconds gt gt MIN gt MAX gt DEF The following commands query the gate time setting SENSe FREQuency APERture MIN gt MAX SENSe PERiod APERture MIN gt MAX Refer to the Keysight 34410A 11A L4411A Programmer 5 Reference Help for a complete description and syntax for these commands 56 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide Features and Functions 2 Auto Zero Auto zero is selectable for dc voltage dc current 2 wire resistance and 2 wire temperature measurements only Auto zero is always enabled for 4 wire resistance or 4 wire temperature measurements When auto zero is ON default the multimeter internally disconnects the input signal immediately following each measurement and takes a zero reading It then subtracts the zero reading from the preceding measurement This method prevents small offset voltages present on the mul
77. e following page the first figure shows the Fourier Integral of two very different pulses one of broad width 200 us the other narrow 6 7 us The second figure is an approximation of the shape of the input frequency response of the 34410A 11A L4411A Comparing these two figures along the frequency axis notice that sin the sma spectrum of the narrow pulse significantly exceeds the effective bandwidth of the instrument The net result is a less accurate measurement of the narrow high frequency pulse In contrast the frequency spectrum of the broad pulse has fallen off significantly below the multimeter s 300 kHz approximately band width so measurements of this pulse are more accurate Reducing the prf increases the density of lines in the Fourier spectrum and increases the portion of the input signal s spectral energy within the multimeter s bandwidth which improves accuracy In summary error in rms measurements arise when there is significant input signal energy at frequencies above the multimeter s bandwidth 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide Measurement Tutorial 4 oe Function for Broad Pulse Narrow Pulse afT 1 Relative Amplitude 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 Frequency kHz Input Frequency Response of 34410A 34411A multimeters 0 gE i 2 715 f a 2 20 5
78. e instrument This limited test assures you that the multimeter is operational This self test does not perform the extensive self test described below A complete self test performs a series of internal tests and takes about five seconds to execute If the power on or complete self test fails an error is stored in the error queue See the Keysight 34410A 1I1A L4411A Service Guide for more information on obtaining service e Following the complete self test the instrument issues a Factory Reset RST command Utility e Front Panel Operation Press UTILITY MENU gt SELF TEST If the test fails the Error annunciator will light e Remote Interface Operation The following command returns 0 if the self test is successful or 1 if it fails TST Refer to the Keysight 34410A 11A L4411A Programmer 5 Reference Help for a complete description and syntax for this command 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide Features and Functions 2 Error Conditions When the front panel ERROR annunciator turns on 34410A 11A one or more command syntax or hardware errors have been detected A record of up to 20 errors can be stored in the instrument s error queue The instrument 34410A 11A beeps once each time a command syntax or hardware error is generated Each remote interface I O session for example GPIB USB LAN has its own interface specific error queue A special global error queue holds all power on and hardwar
79. e instrument and to protect against the danger of electric shock provided the Protection Limits are not exceeded To ensure safe operation of the instrument do not exceed the Protection Limits shown on the front and rear panel and defined below Sense Q 4w Input vase AN HI HI 1000VDC lt D gt 200vpx 1000VDC A LO LO B gt 500vpk ne C a o I h d y h E Front Fused on m Rear Rear Panel Acar lI 300V Note The front panel terminals are shown above The rear panel terminals are identical The Front Rear switch selects the terminal set to be used Do not operate this switch while signals are present on the front or rear termi nals The current protection fuse is on the rear panel Input Terminal Protection Limits Protection Limits are defined for the input ter minals Main Input HI and LO Terminals The HI and LO input terminals are used for voltage resistance capacitance and diode test mea surements Two Protection Limits are defined for these terminals HI to LO Protection Limit The Protection Limit from HI to LO A in the figure at left is 1000 VDC or 750 VAC which is also the maximum voltage measurement This limit can also be expressed as 1000 Vpk maxi mum LO to Ground Protection Limit The LO input terminal can safely float a maximum of 500 Vpk relative to ground This is Protec tion Limit B in the figure As is implied by the above limits the Protecti
80. ecify a trigger delay that delay is used for all measurement functions except continuity and diode test Front Panel Operation Press Auto Trig TRIGGER gt SETUP gt N SAMPLES gt PRE TRIG CNT gt TRIG DELAY Select AUTO ZERO or MANUAL Select AUTO to use the automatic trigger delay Select ZERO for a zero delay Select MANUAL to enter the desired delay using the navigation keypad Then step through or exit the menu Remote Interface Operation The following command specifies the trigger delay in seconds TRIGger DELay lt seconds gt gt MIN gt MAX The following command specifies the automatic trigger delay TRIGger DELay AUTO 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide 73 2 74 Features and Functions If the multimeter is configured to take more than one sample per trigger the effect of the trigger delay on subsequent samples depends on the sample source setting Refer to the SAMP1e SOURce command description in the Keysight 34410A 11A L4411A Programmer 5 Reference Help for a detailed description After setting the trigger delay you must use the INITiate or REAI D command to place the meter in the wait for trigger state before readings are triggered see Software Bus Triggering on page 70 The MEASure command sets the trigger delay to AUTO Refer to the Keysight 34410A 11A L4411A Programmer s Reference Help for a complete description and syntax for these command Automat
81. el 34410A 11A 15 Front Panel Keys 15 Front Panel Display Shortcuts 15 Making Basic Measurements 34410A 11A 17 To Measure DC Voltage 17 To Measure AC Voltage 18 To Measure DC Current 18 To Measure AC Current 18 To Make a 2 Wire Resistance Measurement 19 To Make a 4 wire Resistance Measurement 19 To Measure Frequency 20 To Measure Period 20 To Measure Capacitance 21 To Make a 2 Wire Temperature Measurement 21 To Make a 4 Wire Temperature Measurement 22 To Test Continuity 22 To Check Diodes 23 Other Basics of Operation 23 If the Multimeter Does Not Turn On 24 To Replace the Power Line Fuse 34410A 11A 25 To Adjust the Carrying Handle 26 To Rack Mount the Multimeter 34410A 11A 27 1 Quick Start Basic Multimeter Operations This section introduces the basics of the 34410A 11A multimeter and how to use it For basic information unique to the L4411A refer to the L4411A Getting Started Guide p n L4411 90001 Preparing the Multimeter for Use To verify that your 34410A or 34411A multimeter is ready for use 1 Check the list of supplied items Verify that you have received the following items with your multimeter If anything is missing contact your nearest Keysight Sales Office Test Lead Set Power Cord USB 2 0 Cable Keysight 34410A 11A L4411A Product Reference CD ROM Keysight Automation Ready IO Libraries CD ROM Certificate of Calibration The product documentation including the Keysight 34410A 11A L4411
82. ent Considerations 101 Thermal EMF Errors 101 Loading Errors dc volts 101 Noise Rejection 102 Rejecting Power Line Noise Voltages 102 Common Mode Rejection CMR 102 Noise Caused by Magnetic Loops 103 Noise Caused by Ground Loops 103 Resistance Measurement Considerations 104 4 Wire Ohms Measurements 104 Removing Test Lead Resistance Errors 105 Minimizing Power Dissipation Effects 105 Errors in High Resistance Measurements 105 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide Contents True RMS AC Measurements 106 True RMS Accuracy and High Frequency Signal Content 107 Estimating High Frequency Out of Band Error 110 Other Primary Measurement Functions 112 Frequency and Period Measurement Errors 112 DC Current Measurements 112 Capacitance Measurements 113 Temperature Measurements 115 Probe Type Choice 115 2 Wire vs 4 Wire Measurements 115 Auto Zero On Off 116 Integration 116 Offset Compensation 116 NULL Reading 116 High Speed Measurements 117 Making High Speed AC Measurements 117 Making High Speed dc and Resistance Measurements 118 Other Sources of Measurement Error 119 Settling Time Effects 119 Loading Errors ac volts 119 Measurements Below Full Scale 120 High Voltage Self Heating Errors 120 AC Current Measurement Errors Burden Voltage 120 Low Level Measurement Errors 120 Common Mode Errors 122 Leakage Current Errors 122 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide 33 Contents 34 5 Specifications 123 DC C
83. ents 44 Configuring Resistance Measurements 45 Configuring Frequency and Period Measurements 45 Configuring Temperature Measurements 46 Configuring Capacitance Measurements 46 Continuity and Diode Tests 47 Advanced Configuration Options 48 Multimeter State Storage 49 Accessing Reading Memory 50 Front Rear Input Terminal Switching 34410A 11A 50 Multimeter Reset 51 DC Measurements 52 Integration Time and Resolution 52 DC Input Impedance 54 2 36 Features and Functions AC Measurements 55 AC Filter 55 Gate Time 55 Auto Zero 57 Ranging 58 Null Measurements 60 Miscellaneous Configuration Settings 61 Radix Character 34410A 11A 61 Thousands Separator 34410A 11A 61 Beeper 34410A 11A 62 Math Functions 63 dB Measurements 64 dBm Measurements 64 Using Statistics 65 Limit Testing 66 Triggering the Multimeter 68 Selecting a Trigger Source 68 Auto Triggering 34410A 11A 68 Single Triggering 34410A 11A 69 Reading Hold 34410A 11A 69 Immediate Triggering 70 Software Bus Triggering 70 Internal Level Triggering 34411A L4411A 70 Number of Samples per Trigger 71 Number of Pre Trigger Samples 34411A L4411A 72 Trigger Delay 73 Automatic Trigger Delay 74 External Triggering 76 Trigger Slope 78 DataLogging 80 System Related Operations 84 Self Test 84 Error Conditions 85 Reading the Error Queue 85 NISPOM Memory Sanitization 86 Calibration 86 Power On and Reset State 87 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide Features and Fun
84. er repeatedly to view in order the current selections and then exit the menu e To step through the remaining menu choices after making the desired selections hold down the key e The key that you used to enter the menu for example Config or 24 serves to confirm selections and advance in the menu exactly like the key e To exit a menu before completing its sequence press C amp xit If you have made changes you are prompted whether to save or discard them In some menus the second display is used to enter a number or text See Front Panel Alphanumeric Character Entry on page 43 for further information In a few cases long strings are displayed in a menu for example the USB ID string that require scrolling with the A and keys in order to view the entire string Annunciators There are several annunciators mostly in a line at the top of the display Each annunciator lights to indicate a particular non default meter state e A measurement is in progress the sample annunciator e Hi Z For DC voltage measurements in the 100 mV 1 V or 10 V ranges an input impedance of gt 10 GQ is configured 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide 39 2 Features and Functions e OComp For resistance measurements in the 100 Q 1 kQ and 10 kQ ranges offset compensation is enabled e ManRng For the selected measurement function a manual range is selected autoranging is off e Trig Triggering is enabled The me
85. er On and Reset State The tables that follow show the factory defaults for various instrument settings The parameters marked with a bullet are stored in non volatile memory and are not affected by power on or a system reset For those parameters the initial factory settings are shown All other parameters are stored in volatile memory and are reset to the indicated values at power on after a front panel Reset command or after a RST or SYSTem PRESet remote interface command Measurement Configuration Factory Setting Function DC Volts Range Autorange for all functions _ Resolution 6 5 digits 0 3 ppm x Range Integration Time NPLC On 1 PLC Auto zero On Aperture Off 1 second Input Impedance 10 MQ fixed for all dc V ranges AC Input Filter bandwidth 20 Hz medium filter Nulls for individual measurement functions Off 0 for all functions Second Display Off for all dc measurements Math Operations Factory Setting Math State Off Math Registers Cleared all registers dB Relative Value 0 dBm Reference Resistance 600 Q Triggering Operations Factory Setting Trigger Count 1 Trigger Source Immediate Trigger Delay Auto Delay Sample Count 1 Sample Source Auto Sample Timer 1 second System Related Operations Factory Setting Beeper Mode 34410A 11A On Radix Character 34410A 11A Period Thousands Separator 34410A 11A On 34410A 11A L4411A
86. erence resistance CALCulate FUNCtion DBM CALCulate STATe ON CALCulate DBM REFerence lt value gt Refer to the Keysight 34410A 11A L4411A Programmer 5 Reference Help for a complete description and syntax for these commands Using Statistics Applies to all measurement functions except continuity and diode test From the front panel you can view the following statistical data for any set of readings average or mean AVG maximum MAX minimum MIN standard deviation SDEV and number of samples taken COUNT From the remote interface you can read all of these plus the peak to peak MAX MIN value The stored statistical data are cleared when statistics are enabled when the CALCulate FUNCtion command is sent while CALCulate STATe is ON when the power has been off when the CALCulate AVERage CLEar command is executed after a Factory Reset RST command after an Instrument Preset SYSTem PRESet command or after a function change e Front Panel Operation Press Nuli Math MATH gt STATS Scroll the second display with the and keys to view the statistical data AVG MAX MIN SDEV and COUNT 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide 65 2 Features and Functions e Remote Interface Operation The following command enables the statistics function CALCulate FUNCtion AVERage The following queries return the mean minimum value maximum value standard deviation peak to peak val
87. esponding multimeters like the Keysight 34410A 11A L4411A measure the heating potential of an applied voltage Power dissipated in a resistor is proportional to the square of an applied voltage independent of the waveshape of the signal This multimeter accurately measures true rms voltage or current as long as the wave shape contains negligible energy above the meter s effective bandwidth Note that the 34410A 11A L4411A uses the same techniques to measure true rms voltage and true rms current The effective ac voltage bandwidth is 300 kHz while the effective ac current bandwidth is 10 kHz Waveform Shape Crest Factor AC RMS AC DC RMS Ag g si ats F D l lt y a t T vV f 1 yV Tao o Y t CF CF CF ve 9 1 V V AT t gt The multimeter s ac voltage and ac current functions measure the ac coupled true rms value In this Keysight meter the heating value of only the ac components of the input waveform are measured dc is rejected As seen in the figure above for sinewaves triangle waves and square waves the ac coupled and ac dc values are equal since these waveforms do not contain a de offset However for non symmetrical waveforms such as pulse trains there is a dc voltage content which is rejected by Keysight s ac coupled true rms measurements This can provide a significant benefit 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide Measurement Tutorial 4
88. etween functions e To enter the configuration menu for any selected measurement function press Config The menus are context sensitive only the options applicable to the selected function will appear e When digit masking is enabled see Digit Masking on page 42 the DIGIT MASK submenu will appear before other configuration choices For further information see Advanced Configuration Options on page 48 Configuring DC Voltage and DC Current Measurements For de voltage and de current measurements the menu selections are INTEGRATION RANGE AUTO ZERO NULL and NULL VALUE For dc voltage measurements only you can also configure INPUT Z e INTEGRATION Allows you to set the integration time for the measurement in two ways in power line cycles select NPLC or in seconds select APERTURE e RANGE Allows you to select a fixed range select MANUAL or let the multimeter automatically select the range using the autoranging feature select AUTO e INPUT Z Allows you to select an input impedance of 10 MQ select 10 M or gt 10 GQ select HI Z for the 100 mVdc 1 Vdc and 10 Vdc ranges only e AUTO ZERO Allows you to enable for all readings select ON enable for one reading select ONCE or disable select OFF the auto zero feature which subtracts a zero reading from each measurement e NULL Allows you to enable ON or disable OFF the null measurement feature which measures the difference between a stored n
89. f 300 VAC IEC Measurement Category II includes electri cal devices connected to mains at an outlet on a branch circuit Such devices include most small appliances test equipment and other devices that plug into a branch outlet or socket The 34410A 11A and L4411A may be used to make measurements with the HI and LO inputs connected to mains in such devices or to the branch outlet itself up to 300 VAC However the 34410A 11A and L4411A may not be used with its HI and LO inputs connected to mains in permanently installed electrical devices such as the main circuit breaker panel sub panel disconnect boxes or permanently wired motors Such devices and circuits are subject to overvoltages that may exceed the protection limits of the 34410A 11A and L4411A Note Voltages above 300 VAC may be mea sured only in circuits that are isolated from mains However transient overvoltages are also present on circuits that are isolated from mains The Keysight 34410A 11A and L4411A are designed to safely withstand occasional transient overvoltages up to 2500 Vpk Do not use this equipment to measure circuits where transient overvoltages could exceed this level 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide Additional Notices Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment WEEE Directive 2002 96 EC This product complies with the WEEE Directive 2002 96 EC marking requirement The affixed product label see below indicates that you must not discard this
90. figuration Settings Radix Character 34410A 11A Contents 60 60 Thousands Separator 34410A 11A 60 Beeper 34410A 11A 61 Math Functions 62 dB Measurements 63 dBm Measurements 64 Using Statistics 65 Limit Testing 66 Triggering the Multimeter 67 Selecting a Trigger Source 67 Auto Triggering 34410A 11A Single Triggering 34410A 11A 69 Reading Hold 34410A 11A Immediate Triggering 69 Software Bus Triggering 70 68 68 Internal Level Triggering 34411A L4411A 70 Number of Samples per Trigger 71 Number of Pre Trigger Samples 34411A L4411A 71 Trigger Delay 72 Automatic Trigger Delay 73 External Triggering 75 Trigger Slope 77 Data Logging 78 System Related Operations 82 Self Test 82 Error Conditions 83 Reading the Error Queue 84 NISPOM Memory Sanitization Calibration 84 Power On and Reset State 85 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide 84 31 Contents 32 3 Remote Interface Configuration 87 Configuring the GPIB Interface 89 Configuring the USB Interface 90 Configuring the LAN Interface 91 Configuring LAN Parameters 92 DHCP 92 Auto IP 92 IP Address 93 Subnet Mask 93 Default Gateway 94 Host Name 94 DNS Server 95 Web Password 95 Instrument Unexpectedly Goes into Remote 95 Setting up a LAN connection from the Front Panel 96 Setting up a LAN connection from the Remote Interface 97 Keysight 34410A 11A Web Interface 98 4 Measurement Tutorial 99 DC Measurem
91. g Position 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide Quick Start 1 To Rack Mount the Multimeter 34410A 11A You can mount the 34410A 11A in a standard 19 inch rack cabinet using the available rack mount kits Instructions and mounting hardware are included with each kit Any Keysight System II half width 2U height instrument of either the 272 3 mm or the 348 3 mm depth can be rack mounted side by side with the 34410A 11A For example a 34410A 11A and a 34401A or two 34410A 11As can be mounted side by side as shown below You must remove the carrying handle and the front and rear rubber bumpers before rack mounting an instrument 7 Perr rr acy To rack mount two instruments side by side order lock link kit 5061 8769 and flange kit 5063 9212 Refer to the L4411A Getting Started Guide for procedures and part numbers for rack mounting the L4411A 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide 27 1 28 Quick Start 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide Contents 1 Quick Start 13 Basic Multimeter Operations 14 Preparing the Multimeter for Use 14 Using the Front Panel 34410A 11A 15 Front Panel Keys 15 Front Panel Display Shortcuts 16 Making Basic Measurements 34410A 11A 17 To To To To To To To To To To To To To Measure DC Voltage 18 Measure AC Voltage 18 Measure DC Current 19 Measure AC Current 19 Make a 2 Wire Resistance Measurement 20 Make a 4 wire Resistance Measurement 20 Measure Frequen
92. ger Delay for lt 0 02 for 0 06 or 0 2 for 1 PLC PLC PLC 100 100 kQ 1 0 ms 1 0ms 1 5 ms 1MQ 10 ms 10 ms 15 ms 10 MQ 1GQ 100 ms 100 ms 100 ms Capacitance Trigger Delay 0 S AC Voltage Measurements all ranges 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide AC Filter Trigger Delay Slow 3 Hz 2 58 Medium 20 Hz 625 ms Fast 200 Hz 25 ms AC Filter Trigger Delay Slow 3 Hz 1 66 s Medium 20 Hz 250 ms Fast 200 Hz 25 ms AC Current Measurements all ranges 2 75 2 76 Features and Functions Frequency and Period Trigger Delay 1s Temperature is measured using the 2 wire or 4 wire resistance function The above tables for resistance apply to temperature but all temperature measurements use autoranging The range in use cannot be predicted thus nor can the delay Use the TRIGger DELay command to query the actual trigger delay for a temperature measurement For capacitance measurements the automatic trigger delay is zero capacitor discharge is part of the measurement The continuity and diode test functions ignore the trigger delay External Triggering External triggering takes one reading or the specified number of readings each time the multimeter receives a pulse on the rear panel Ext Trig connector You may select whether the multimeter uses the rising edge POS or falling edge NEG of the external trigger signal
93. gger feature see Data Logging on page 80 Pre triggering is not supported for continuity or diode test e Front Panel Operation Press Auto Trig TRIGGER gt SETUP gt N SAMPLES gt PRE TRIG CNT Enter the desired number of pre trigger samples per trigger using the navigation keypad and then step through or exit the menu The PRE TRIG CNT selection appears only if N SAMPLES is greater than one 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide Features and Functions 2 Remote Interface Operation The following commands set the sample count must be gt 1 and pre trigger sample count SAMPle COUNt lt count gt MIN MAX DEF SAMPle COUNt PRETrigger lt PT coumt gt gt MIN gt MAX DEF Refer to the Keysight 34410A 11A L4411A Programmer 5 Reference Help for a complete description and syntax for this command Trigger Delay You can manually specify a delay between the trigger signal and the first sample that follows This may be useful in applications where you want to allow the input signal to settle before taking a reading or for pacing a burst of readings The trigger delay may be set from 0 to 3600 seconds The continuity and diode test functions ignore the trigger delay setting If a trigger delay is not manually set the default trigger delay is automatically set based on function range integration time and or ac filter setting see also Automatic Trigger Delay on page 74 If you manually sp
94. gives suggestions to help you avoid these errors DC Measurement Considerations 103 Thermal EMF Errors 103 Loading Errors dc volts 103 Noise Rejection 104 Rejecting Power Line Noise Voltages 104 Common Mode Rejection CMR 104 Noise Caused by Magnetic Loops 105 Noise Caused by Ground Loops 105 Resistance Measurement Considerations 106 4 Wire Ohms Measurements 106 Removing Test Lead Resistance Errors 107 Minimizing Power Dissipation Effects 107 Errors in High Resistance Measurements 107 True RMS AC Measurements 108 True RMS Accuracy and High Frequency Signal Content 109 Estimating High Frequency Out of Band Error 112 KEYSIGHT TECHNOLOGIES 4 Measurement Tutorial Other Primary Measurement Functions 114 Frequency and Period Measurement Errors 114 DC Current Measurements 115 Capacitance Measurements 115 Temperature Measurements 117 Probe Type Choice 118 2 Wire vs 4 Wire Measurements 118 Auto Zero On Off 118 Integration 118 Offset Compensation 119 NULL Reading 119 High Speed Measurements 120 Making High Speed AC Measurements 120 Making High Speed dc and Resistance Measurements 121 Other Sources of Measurement Error 122 Settling Time Effects 122 Loading Errors ac volts 122 Measurements Below Full Scale 123 High Voltage Self Heating Errors 123 AC Current Measurement Errors Burden Voltage 123 Low Level Measurement Errors 123 Common Mode Errors 124 Leakage Current Errors 124 102 34410A 11A L4411A User
95. ground must not be defeated For continued protection from fire replace fuses only with fuses of the specified type and rating OMANIDNABRWNK 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide The Display at a Glance 34410A 11A O OOOO ODOOO D O g Trig Hold Remote Null Shift Math Stats Limits Rear WA NA NZ i NA WA NZ WAL NZI NZL WZ NA e TAN UN ZN UN ZN UN ANI ANI UN ANI VAN VIN gt WA WZ WZ y IN WAN VAN PAD AA eA A A Alphanumeric Displays 1 Primary display line 2 Secondary display line Annunciators Annunciators 3 measurement in progress 12 Shift shift key just pressed 4 Hi Z high input impedance Vdc only 13 Math dB or dBm function enabled 5 OComp offset compensation 14 Stats statistics functions enabled 6 ManRng manual ranging 15 Limits limit test function enabled 7 Trig wait for trigger state 16 Rear rear panel terminals active 8 Hold reading hold 17 4W four wire ohms or temperature 9 Remote remote interface operation 18 continuity test function enabled 10 Error error in queue 19 diode check function enabled 11 Null null function enabled The following key refers to the primary front panel display H DDD DDD EFFF Front panel display format Negative sign or blank positive Y2 digit 0 or 1 Numeric digits Exponent m k M Measurement units VDC OHM HZ dB m m030 T For further information see Chapter 2
96. haracteristics 125 AC Characteristics 128 Frequency and Period Characteristics 130 Capacitance Characteristics 132 Temperature Characteristics 132 Additional 34411A L4411A Specifications 133 Measurement and System Speeds 134 System Speeds 135 Data From Memory 136 General Specifications 34410A 11A 136 General Specifications L4411A 137 Triggering and Memory 137 Dimensions 138 To Calculate Total Measurement Error 139 Interpreting Accuracy Specifications 141 Transfer Accuracy 141 24 Hour Accuracy 141 90 Day and 1 Year Accuracy 141 Temperature Coefficients 141 Configuring for Highest Accuracy Measurements 142 DC Voltage DC Current and Resistance Measurements 142 AC Voltage and AC Current Measurements 142 Frequency and Period Measurements 142 A Appendix Firmware and Driver Updates 143 Downloading the Update Utility and Firmware 144 Downloading IVI COM Driver Updates 147 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide KEYSIGHT TECHNOLOGIES Keysight 34410A 11A L4411A 6 Digit Multimeter User s Guide 2 Features and Functions SCPI Commands 37 Front Panel Features 34410A 11A 38 Front Panel Display 38 Displayed Messages 38 Self Guiding Menus 38 Annunciators 39 Second Display Options 40 Turning the Display Off 41 Front Panel Display Shortcuts 41 Front Panel Alphanumeric Character Entry 43 Front Panel Measurement Configuration Menus 44 Configuring DC Voltage and DC Current Measurements 44 Configuring AC Voltage and Current Measurem
97. he meter displays OPEN on the front panel no beep e Diode Test The range and resolution are fixed for diode tests The range is 1 Vdc with a 1 mA current source output The voltage is displayed on the front panel if it is in the 0 to 1 2 volt range The meter beeps when the signal transitions to the 0 3 to 0 8 volt threshold unless beep is disabled If the signal is greater than 1 2 volts OPEN is displayed on the front panel 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide 47 2 Features and Functions Advanced Configuration Options The Remote Interface Operation segments within the following topics describes how the instrument feature is used accessed from a remote programming environment For the L4411A this represents the only method of accessing the instrument See the L4411A Getting Started Guide for details 48 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide Features and Functions 2 Multimeter State Storage The present multimeter state including all settings for measurement configuration math operations triggering operations system operations and I O configuration can be saved in one of five non volatile stored states and later recalled State 0 POWER DOWN retains the multimeter configuration at power down States 1 4 STATE_1 STATE 2 STATE 3 STATE 4 are available for storing other configurations e Front Panel Operation Press Utility to open the utility menu To store the present multimeter state for example to
98. ias current Rs DUT source resistance Cj multimeter input capacitance gt A i For DC voltage ranges Ci lt 120pF OY p aha fidea g g R i Vs For AC voltage ranges Ci lt 150pF WAVA a 9 Error v ib XRs 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide 125 4 Measurement Tutorial 126 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide KEYSIGHT TECHNOLOGIES Keysight 34410A 11A L4411A 6 Digit Multimeter User s Guide 5 Specifications DC Characteristics 129 AC Characteristics 132 Frequency and Period Characteristics 134 Capacitance Characteristics 136 Temperature Characteristics 137 Additional 34411A L4411A Specifications 138 Measurement and System Speeds 139 General Specifications 34410A 11A 142 General Specifications L4411A 143 Dimensions 145 To Calculate Total Measurement Error 146 Interpreting Accuracy Specifications 148 Configuring for Highest Accuracy Measurements 149 5 128 Specifications These specifications apply when using the 34410A 11A L4411A multimeter in an environment that is free of electromagnetic interference and electrostatic charge When using the multimeter in an environment where electromagnetic interference or significant electrostatic charge is present measurement accuracy may be reduced Particularly note The voltage measurement probes are not shielded and can act as antennas causing electromagnetic interference to be added to the signal being me
99. ic Trigger Delay If you do not specify a trigger delay the multimeter selects the trigger delay time automatically Automatic trigger delays are set to ensure that completely settled and accurate measurements are taken The delay is determined by function range integration time and ac filter setting For measurements from the remote interface the automatic trigger delay values are as shown in the tables that follow These values are also used for single trigger reading hold and level trigger measurements from the front panel However for auto trigger measurements from the front panel only the automatic trigger delay is 50 ms for all measurement functions DC Voltage Measurements all ranges Integration Time Trigger Delay gt 1PLC 160 us 0 06 PLC or 0 2 PLC 130 us lt 0 02 PLC 100 us DC Current Measurements all ranges Integration Time Trigger Delay gt 1PLC 1 5 ms 0 06 PLC or 0 2 PLC 1 0 ms lt 0 2 PLC 1 0 ms 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide 2 wire Resistance Measurements Features and Functions Range Trigger Delay Trigger Delay Trigger Delay for lt 0 02 for 0 06 or 0 2 for gt 1 PLC PLC PLC 100 Q 80 us 100 us 130 us 1kQ 110 us 130 us 160 us 10 kQ 130 us 160 us 190 us 100 kQ 540 us 670 us 800 us 1MQ 5 0 ms 6 0 ms 7 5 ms 10 MQ 1GQ 60 ms 70 ms 84 ms 4 wire Resistance Measurements Range Trigger Delay Trigger Delay Trig
100. ile signals are present on either the front or rear set of terminals Switching while high voltages or currents are present can cause instrument damage and may increase the risk of electric shock For basic measurement connection information unique to the L4411A refer to the L4411A Getting Started Guide p n L4411 90001 To Measure DC Voltage Press to select the de voltage function e Ranges 100 mV 1 V 10 V 100 V 1000 V e Configurable parameters INTEGRATION RANGE INPUT Z input impedance AUTO ZERO NULL and NULL VALUE Sense Input N 4w VAE AH HI 200vpk 1000VDC DC Voltage Connect test leads as shown 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide 17 1 Quick Start To Measure AC Voltage Press to select the ac voltage function e Ranges 100 mV 1 V 10 V 100 V 750 V e AC Technique true RMS ac coupled e Configurable parameters AC FILTER RANGE NULL and NULL VALUE Sense Input 2 4w VAE HI 200vpk 1000vDC AC Voltage Connect test leads as shown To Measure DC Current Press pc1 to select the de current function e Ranges 100 mA 1 mA 10 mA 100 mA 1 A 3 A e Configurable parameters INTEGRATION RANGE AUTO ZERO NULL and NULL VALUE Sense Input 2 4w VQAE gt HI Connect test leads as shown 200Vpk 1000VD DC Current To Measure AC Current Press Ac to select the ac current function e Ranges 100 mA 1 mA 10 mA 100 mA 1 A 3 A e AC Technique true RMS
101. ilter 450 Capacitance 100 rdgs 10 1 scale input signal immediate trigger trigger delay 0 autozero off autorange off no math 60 Hz line null off sample count 50000 trigger count INF System Speeds General Configuration M Auto Range 2 Maximum Maximum Internal Sec Sec External Trigger Trigger Rate 3 Rate l DCV 0 022 0 0075 5000 S 10000 S ACV 0 037 0 019 500 S 500 S 2 Wire Q 0 022 0 0075 5000 S 10000 S Frequency Period 0 037 0 019 500 S 500 S 1 Time for configuration change from 2 wire ohms to listed function or from dc volts to 2 wire ohms using appropriate FUNCtion command 2 Time to automatically change one range and be ready for new measurement lt 10V lt 10Mohm 3 Readings to memory Range Change GPIB usB2 0 LAN VXI 11 4 LAN Sockets Sec Sec Sec Sec DCV 0 0026 0 0035 0 0039 0 0039 ACV 0 0064 0 0064 0 0096 0 0065 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide Specifications 5 2 Wire Q 0 0026 0 0038 0 0039 0 0039 Frequency Period 0 0064 0 0064 0 0093 0 0065 1 Time to change from one range to next higher or lower range lt 10V lt 10Mohm Data From Memory Maximum reading rate out of memory Sample count 50000 trigger count 1 FETC or R Readings GPIB USB 2 0 LAN VXI 11 LAN Sockets rdg Sec rdg Sec rgs Sec rdg Sec ASCII 4000 8500 7000 8500 4 byte Binary 89 000 265 000 110 000 270 000 8 byte Binary 47 000 154 000 60 000 160 000
102. ing times than expected just by RC time constants due to dielectric absorption soak effects Errors are measured when settling after the initial connection and after a range change Loading Errors ac volts In the ac voltage function the input of the multimeter appears as a 1 MQ resistance in parallel with 100 pF of capacitance The cabling that you use to connect signals to the multimeter also adds capacitance and loading The table below shows the multimeter s approximate input resistance at various frequencies Input Frequency Input Resistance 100 Hz 1MQ 1 kHz 850 KQ 10 kHz 160 kQ 100 kHz 16 kQ For low frequencies the loading error is 100 x R Error RIMO S At high frequencies the additional loading error is Error 100 x 1 1 AJ 1 20x EX Rs x Cin Rs source resistance F input frequency Cin input capacitance 100 pF plus cable capacitance 122 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide Measurement Tutorial 4 Measurements Below Full Scale You can make the most accurate ac measurements when the multimeter is at or near the full scale of the selected range Autoranging occurs at 10 down range and 120 up range of full scale This enables you to measure some inputs at full scale on one range and 10 of full scale on the next higher range In general the accuracy is better on the lower range for the highest accuracy select the lowest manual range possible for the measurement
103. ings MEASure READ INITiate Refer to the Keysight 34410A 11A L4411A Programmer 5 Reference Help for a complete description and syntax for these commands Internal Level Triggering 34411A L4411A Applies only to ac and dc voltage ac and dc current and 2 wire and 4 wire resistance measurements and only for the 34411A L4411A In the internal trigger mode the 34411 A L4411A triggers on a positive or negative crossing as selected of a specified input level You can specify both the trigger level and the slope e Front Panel Operation Press hit Auto Trig 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide Features and Functions 2 TRIGGER gt LEVEL gt TRIG LEVEL gt TRIG SLOPE Set TRIG LEVEL with the navigation keys and then select NEG or POS for TRIG SLOPE The Trig annunciator indicates waiting for trigger e Remote Interface Operation The following command selects the internal trigger source TRIGger SOURce INTernal The following command sets the trigger level on which to trigger TRIGger LEVel lt level gt The following command sets the trigger slope positive or negative TRIGger SLOPe POS NEG Refer to the Keysight 34410A 11A L4411A Programmer 5 Reference Help for a complete description and syntax for these commands Number of Samples per Trigger By default when the multimeter is in the wait for trigger state it takes one reading or sample each time you trigger the multimeter You
104. ings in seconds 0 001 GATE TIME 0 01 GATE TIME 0 1 GATE TIME and 1 GATE TIME 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide Features and Functions 2 Front Panel Alphanumeric Character Entry When you are in certain menus particularly the utility menus you may need to manually enter a number or alphanumeric string on the second display line To enter a number or character press Q or to select the displayed character digit or letter you wish to edit The selected character will flash to indicate it can be edited Use the A and amp keys to modify a digit from 0 to 9 or a letter from A to Z e To quickly enter large numbers you may press Q to scroll over to the most significant digit allowed and or add leading zeros For non zero floating point entries you may also press to scroll to the magnitude prefix for example u m k M then use the Q and keys to change the numerical entry Arrow annunciators on the second display line will indicate if there are editable characters left or right of the one selected 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide 43 2 44 Features and Functions Front Panel Measurement Configuration Menus Each measurement function is configured separately except for Q 2W and Q 4W which are partially inter dependent and frequency and period which share a configuration menu The configuration settings for example integration and range for each measurement function are retained when switching b
105. istance 4 100 0000 1 mA Current Source 0 0030 0 0030 0 008 0 004 0 010 0 004 0 0006 0 0005 1 000000 KQ 1mA 0 0020 0 0005 0 007 0 001 0 010 0 001 0 0006 0 0001 10 00000 KQ 100 pA 0 0020 0 0005 0 007 0 001 0 010 0 001 0 0006 0 0001 100 0000 KQ 10 pA 0 0020 0 0005 0 007 0 001 0 010 0 001 0 0006 0 0001 1 000000 MQ 5 0 pA 0 0020 0 0010 0 010 0 001 0 012 0 001 0 0010 0 0002 10 00000 MQ 500 nA 0 0100 0 0010 0 030 0 001 0 040 0 001 0 0030 0 0004 100 0000 MQ 500 nA 10 MQ 0 200 0 001 0 600 0 001 0 800 0 001 0 1000 0 0001 1 000000 GQ 500 nA 10 MQ 2 000 0 001 6 000 0 001 8 000 0 001 1 0000 0 0001 DC Current 100 0000 uA lt 0 03 V Burden V 0 010 0 020 0 040 0 025 0 050 0 025 0 0020 0 0030 1 000000 mA lt 0 3V 0 007 0 006 0 030 0 006 0 050 0 006 0 0020 0 0005 10 00000 mA_ lt 0 03V 0 007 0 020 0 030 0 020 0 050 0 020 0 0020 0 0020 100 0000 mA lt 0 3V 0 010 0 004 0 030 0 005 0 050 0 005 0 0020 0 0005 1 000000 A lt 0 80 V 0 050 0 006 0 080 0 010 0 100 0 010 0 0050 0 0010 3 00000 A lt 2 0 V 0 100 0 020 0 120 0 020 0 150 0 020 0 0050 0 0020 Continunity 1000 Ohms 1 mA Test Current 0 002 0 010 0 008 0 020 0 010 0 020 0 0010 0 0020 Diode Test 1 0000 v l 1 mA Test Current 0 002 0 010 0 008 0 020 0 010 0 020 0 0010 0 0020 1 Specifications are for 90 minute warm up and integration setting of 100 NPLC For lt 100 NPLC add the appropriate RMS Noise Adder from the table on the following page 2 Relative to calibration standards 3
106. ittle conversion complexity for an RTD since it is so intrinsically linear The multimeter provides measurement for the IEC751 standard RTD which has a sensitivity of 0 00385 C Thermistors consist of semiconductor materials and provide roughly 10 times the sensitivity of the RTD Because they are semiconductors their temperature range is more limited commonly to 80 C to 150 C Thermistors have highly non linear temperature resistance relationships therefore their conversion algorithms are more complex The Keysight multimeters use the standard Hart Steinhart Approximation to provide accurate conversions with a typical resolution of 0 08 C 2 Wire vs 4Wire Measurements As with resistance measurements four wire temperature measurements are more accurate since errors due to lead wire resistance are completely eliminated Alternately you can use the multimeter s Null function to remove the test lead resistance from the measurement see NULL Reading on page 119 Auto Zero On Off Enabling the auto zero feature ON provides greater accuracy however the additional measurement of zero reduces the reading speed Integration There are two methods of integrating the sampled data taken in the measurement NPLC s and Aperture NPLC s sets the number of power line cycles in the gating of the measurement The range of choices for NPLC includes 0 001 and 0 002 for 34411A L4411A 0 006 0 06 0 02 0 2 1 2
107. llows you to trade off low frequency bandwidth versus ac settling time NULL Allows you to enable ON or disable OFF the null measurement feature which measures the difference between a stored null value and the input signal NULL VALUE Allows you to view and edit the null value if enabled Configuring Temperature Measurements For temperature measurements your menu selections are PROBE TYPE OFFSET COMP AUTO ZERO INTEGRATION NULL NULL VALUE and UNITS PROBE TYPE Allows you to select from four choices RTD 4W RTD 2W THERMISTOR 2W or THERMISTOR 4W of temperature probe type OFFSET COMP for RTD probes only Allows you to enable ON or disable OFF the offset compensation feature With offset compensation enabled the multimeter makes a normal temperature measurement first followed by a second measurement to determine any offset voltage in the input circuitry The resultant displayed measurement corrects for this offset Enabling offset compensation increases measurement time AUTO ZERO Allows you to enable ON or disable OFF the auto zero feature for 2 wire temperature measurements This feature subtracts a subsequent zero reading from each measurement Note that 4 wire temperature measurements are automatically made with auto zero always on INTEGRATION Allows you to set the integration time for the measurement in two ways in power line cycles NPLC or in seconds APERTURE NULL Allows you to enable ON
108. lt 0 3 V 1 000000 A lt 0 8 V 3 00000 A lt 2 0 V 132 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide Specifications 5 Voltage Transfer Accuracy typical Frequency Error 10 Hz to 300 kHz 24 hour of range of reading 5 Conditions Sinewave input only using slow filter Within 10 minutes and 0 5 C Within 10 of initial voltage and 1 of initial frequency Following a 2 hour warm up Fixed range between 10 and 100 of full scale and lt 120 V Measurements are made using accepted metrology practices True RMS AC Voltage Measurement Type AC coupled True RMS Measures the AC component of the input Measurement Method Digital sampling with anti alias filter AC Common Mode Rejection 70 dB For 1 KQ unbalanced in LO lead and lt 60 Hz 500 V peak maximum Maximum Input 400 Vdc 1100 Vpeak Input Impedance 1 MQ 2 in parallel with lt 150 pF Input Protection 750 V rms all ranges True RMS AC Current Measurement Type Directly coupled to the fuse and shunt AC coupled True RMS measurement measure the AC component only Measurement Method Digital sampling with anti alias filter Maximum Input The peak value of the DC AC current must be lt 300 of range The RMS current lt 3 A including the DC current content Shunt Resistor 0 1 Q for 1A 3A 2 Q for 10 mA 100 mA 200 Q for 100 pA 1 mA Input Protection Externally accessible 3A 250 V fuse Crest Factor and Peak Input Crest Factor For lt 10 1 errors i
109. ly set the GPIB address for the instrument the factory default is 22 and connect it to your PC using a GPIB cable sold separately e USB Interface There is nothing to configure on your instrument for a USB connection Just connect the instrument to your PC using the USB 2 0 cable included with the instrument e LAN Interface By default DHCP is enabled on the instrument which may enable network communication over the LAN interface 10BaseT 100BaseTx You may need to set several configuration parameters as described in the LAN configuration sections that follow To configure and verify an interface connection between the 34410A 11A and your PC use the Keysight IO Libraries Suite E2094M Keysight IO Libraries for Windows or an equivalent For more information about Keysight s I O connectivity software go to www keysight com find iolib e Keysight IO Libraries Suite for Windows 98 2000 ME XP For more information and to install this software see the Keysight Automation Ready CD ROM provided with your 34410A 11A e To download the latest or previous version of this software for Windows 98 NT 2000 ME XP from the Web go to www keysight com find iolib 90 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide Remote Interface Configuration 3 Configuring the GPIB Interface Each device on the GPIB IEEE 488 interface must have a unique address You can set the multimeter s address to any integral value between 0 and 30 The address is set to
110. mental times or sample times as well as the width of the short apertures vary by range in order to minimize noise and increase reading accuracy The following table lists the current amplitude peak voltage and average de voltage developed across the capacitor during the measurement Range Current Reading Rate Reading Rate Applied Approx dc bias Source at full scale 10 of full scale Voltage full scale 1nF 500nA 5 second 12 second 5V 2V 10 nF 1uA 5 second 24 second 5V 2V 100nF 104A 5 second 26 second 4V 2V 1uF 10uA 2 second 18 second 1 5V 1V 10 uF 1004A 0 3 second 2 5 second 1 5V 1V These values all vary by range Control of the peak voltage across the capacitor is important in some cases such as when measuring larger electrolytic capacitors The values of capacitance and loss resistance measured with the multimeter may differ from the values measured using an LCR meter This is to be expected since this is esentially a dc measurement method while LCR measurement uses applied frequencies anywhere from 100 Hz to 100 kHz In most cases neither method measures the capacitor at its exact frequency of application The 34410A 11A L4411A provides five capacitance ranges from 1 nF to 10 uF The voltage developed across the capacitor being measured is limited to less than 10 V The multimeter s measurement accuracy is 0 4 of the reading 0 1 of the range in use except for the 1 nF range for which the acc
111. mode similar to immediate triggering from the remote interface but also sets the sample count to infinite and automatically initiates continuous measurements To enable auto triggering press Auto Trig TRIGGER gt AUTO Single Triggering 34410A 11A This mode is available from the front panel only e The multimeter takes one reading or a number of readings specified by a sample count you enter each time you press Trigger or upon receiving an external trigger signal on the rear panel Ext Trig connector see External Triggering on page 76 See also Number of Samples per Trigger on page 71 e The Trig annunciator indicates that the multimeter is waiting for a trigger Reading Hold 34410A 11A This mode is available from the front panel only The reading hold mode allows you to capture and hold a stable reading on the front panel display This is useful in situations when you want to take a reading remove the test probes and have the reading remain on the display When a stable reading is detected the multimeter emits a beep if the front panel beeper is enabled and holds the reading on the display e The sensitivity band for reading hold depends on the measurement function that is selected The multimeter captures and displays a new value only when reading stability is detected e Reading hold is disabled if you change measurement functions or if you change to remote mode e The currently configured r
112. nced to a common earth ground a ground loop is formed As shown below any voltage difference between the two ground reference points V ground Causes a current to flow through the measurement leads This causes noise and offset voltage usually power line related which are added to the measured voltage 1 RL gt H O i i a Vi 1 Ideal b i Meter i RL gt LoO i i Ri gt 10 Ga Vground i l L 1 I j 7 EEEIEE EE E EN j TTT Ri lead resistance Ri multimeter isolation resistance Vground voltage drop on ground bus The best way to eliminate ground loops is to isolate the multimeter from earth by not grounding the input terminals If the multimeter must be earth referenced connect it and the device under test to the same common ground point Also connect the multimeter and device under test to the same electrical outlet whenever possible 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide 105 4 Measurement Tutorial Resistance Measurement Considerations The multimeter offers two methods for measuring resistance 2 wire and 4 wire ohms For both methods the test current flows from the input HI terminal and then through the resistor being measured For 2 wire ohms the voltage drop across the resistor being measured is sensed internal to the multimeter Therefore test lead resistance is also measured For 4 wire ohms separate sense connections are required Since no curre
113. ncluded Limited by peak input and 300 kHz bandwidth Peak Input 300 of Range Limited by maximum input Overload Ranging Will select higher range if peak input overload is detected during auto range Overload is reported in manual ranging Settling Considerations Default delays are selected to give first reading right for most measurements The input blocking RC time constant must be allowed to fully settle before the most accurate measurements are possible 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide 133 5 Specifications Frequency and Period Characteristics Accuracy Specifications of reading 1 3 Function Range Frequency Range 24 Hour r 90 Day 1 Year Temperature ToatC 1 C TeaLt5 C TcaL 5 C Coefficient 0 C to Tea 5 C Tear 5 C to 55 C Frequency 100 mV 3 Hz 5 Hz 0 07 0 07 0 07 0 005 Period to 5 Hz 10 Hz 0 04 0 04 0 04 0 005 750 V 10 Hz 40 Hz 0 02 0 02 0 02 0 001 40 Hz 300 kHz 0 005 0 006 0 007 0 001 Additional Errors of reading 3 Aperture resolution range Frequency 1 Second 0 1 Second 0 01 Second 0 001 Second 0 1 ppm 1 ppm 10 ppm 100 ppm 3 Hz 5 Hz 0 0 11 0 11 0 11 5 Hz 10 Hz 0 0 14 0 14 0 14 10 Hz 40 Hz 0 0 16 0 16 0 16 40 Hz 300kHz 0 0 045 0 17 0 17 1 Specifications are for 90 minute warm up using 1 second aperture 2 Relative to calibration standards 3 For AC input voltages 10 to 120 of range except where noted 750 V range limited to 750
114. nd queries the multimeter range setting for the specified lt funct ior SENSe lt functio RANGe UPPER MIN gt MAX Refer to the Keysight 34410A 11A L4411A Programmer 5 Reference Help for a complete description and syntax for all commands on this page A Word About Ranging and Digits The 34410A 11A L4411A is capable of displaying 6 2 digits for most measurements The crossover is at a 20 percent overload for the currently selected range Let s look at an example for dc voltage with autoranging enabled As the input voltage increases from just below 1 volt to just above 1 2 volts you might see the following progression of readings on the front panel display 0 997 385 VDC 1 000 544 VDC 1 099 004 VDC 1 190 188 VDC 0 120 013 VDC The first four readings are taken on the 1 Vdc range but the autoranging feature switches to the 10 Vdc range for the final reading which is a 20 percent overload for the 1 Vdc range This is a typical 6 digit behavior 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide 59 2 Features and Functions For frequency measurements only the 34410A 11A L4411A is capable of displaying a full seven digits for example 999 980 3 HZ Null Measurements The 34410A 11A L4411A allows separate null settings to be saved for each of the following measurement functions de voltage ac voltage dc current ac current resistance frequency period capacitance and temperature When making null also called
115. ng rdgs Sec Partial Maximum Bandwidth Seconds Settling rdgs Sec ACV ACI ACV ACI ACV ACI ACV ACI Slow 3 Hz 2 5 1 67 0 4 0 6 2 50 Medium 20 Hz 0 63 0 25 1 6 4 20 150 Fast 200 Hz 0 025 0 025 40 40 200 500 In applications where sample to sample levels vary widely but the dc offset level does not change the MEDIUM filter settles at 2 to 4 readings per second depending upon the lowest frequency component in the waveform as shown in the following table Medium Filter Performance Full Accuracy Reading Rate No DC Level Change Lowest Frequency Component 20Hz 50Hz 100Hz 200Hz AC Current allowable rate rdgs Sec 4 4 4 4 AC Voltage allowable rate rdgs Sec 2 3 4 4 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide Measurement Tutorial 4 For ac voltage additional settling time may be required when the dc level varies from sample to sample The default sample delays allow for a dc level change of 3 of range for all filters If the dc level change exceeds these levels additional settling time is required The multimeter s de blocking circuitry has a settling time constant of 0 2 seconds This settling time only affects measurement accuracy when dc offset levels vary from sample to sample If maximum measurement speed is desired in a scanning system you may want to add an external de blocking circuit to those channels with significant de voltages present This circuit can be as simple as a resistor and a capacitor For ac current additional settling time i
116. nt 100 x Vb Error V sS Capacitance Measurements The multimeter implements capacitance measurements by applying a known current to the capacitor as shown below Coffset Vcharged R Measurement Model during charge phase Measurement Model during discharge phase 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide 115 4 Measurement Tutorial An Illustration of the response curve while charging is shown below y R h et 0 981684 A Short Aperture 0 9 0 8 0 7 0 6 Sample Spacing _ v m 0 02469 o 0 04 0 08 0 12 0 16 0 2 0 24 0 28 0 32 0 36 0 4 3 t 0 4 2 510 5 m Capacitance is calculated by measuring the change in voltage DV that occurs over a short aperture time Dt This measurement is repeated at two different times during the exponential rise that occurs An algorithm takes the data from these four points and by linearizing that exponential rise over these short apertures accurately calculates the capacitance value The measurement cycle consists of two parts a charge phase shown in the graph and a discharge phase The time constant during the discharge phase is longer due to a 100 KQ protective resistor in the measurement path This time constant plays an important role in the resultant reading rate measurement time 116 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide Measurement Tutorial 4 The incre
117. nt flows in the sense leads the resistance in these leads does not give a measurement error The errors mentioned earlier in this chapter for dc voltage measurements also apply to resistance measurements Additional error sources unique to resistance measurements are discussed on the following pages 4 Wire Ohms Measurements The 4 wire ohms method provides the most accurate way to measure small resistances Test lead resistances and contact resistances are automatically reduced using this method Four wire ohms is often used in automated test applications where resistive and or long cable lengths numerous connections or switches exist between the multimeter and the device under test The recommended connections for 4 wire ohms measurements are shown below See also To Make a 4 wire Resistance Measurement on page 19 HI Sense l l 1 i 1 l l i i i l i l l l l I R Vmeter i Ideal j ltest Meter l 1 l l l l l 1 l l l l l l 1 l 1 l l l LO Sense 106 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide Measurement Tutorial 4 Removing Test Lead Resistance Errors To eliminate offset errors associated with the test lead resistance in 2 wire ohms measurements follow the steps below 1 Short the ends of the test leads together The multimeter displays the test lead resistance 2 Press Null The multimeter will store the test lead resistance as th
118. on Limit for the HI input terminal is a maximum of 1500 Vpk relative to ground Current Input Terminal The current input I terminal has a Protection Limit of 3A rms maximum current flowing from the LO input ter minal This is Protection Limit C in the figure Note that the current input terminal will be at approximately the same voltage as the LO ter minal Note The current protection circuitry includes a fuse on the rear panel To maintain protec tion replace this fuse only with a fuse of the specified type and rating Sense Terminal Protection Limits The HI and LO sense terminals are used only for four wire resistance and temperature mea surements Q 4W The Protection Limit is 200 Vpk for all of the terminal pairings D in the figure LO sense to LO input HI sense to LO input HI sense to LO sense Note The 200 Vpk limit on the sense terminals is the Protection Limit Operational voltages in resistance measurements are much lower less than 10 V in normal operation IEC Measurement Category Il Overvoltage Protection To protect against the danger of electric shock the Keysight 34410A 11A and L4411A Digital Multimeters provide overvoltage protection for line voltage mains connections meeting both of the following conditions The HI and LO input terminals are connected to the mains under Measurement Category II conditions defined below and The mains are limited to a maximum line voltage o
119. orrect Subnet Mask e Changing the Subnet Mask setting will cause an automatic LAN reset e The default Subnet Mask for the 34410A 11A multimeter is 255 255 0 0 e A value of 0 0 0 0 or 255 255 255 255 indicates that subnetting is not being used e The Subnet Mask is stored in non volatile memory and does not change when power has been off after a Factory Reset RST command or after an Instrument Preset SYSTem PRESet command Default Gateway A Default Gateway address allows the multimeter to communicate with systems that are not on the local subnet Thus this is the Default Gateway where packets are sent which are destined for a device not on the local subnet as determined by the Subnet Mask setting Contact your network administrator to determine if a gateway is being used and for the correct address e Changing the Default Gateway setting will cause an automatic LAN reset e The default for the multimeter is 0 0 0 0 no gateway and subnetting is not being used e The Default Gateway is stored in non volatile memory and does not change when power has been off after a Factory Reset RST command or after an Instrument Preset SYSTem PRESet command 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide 95 3 96 Remote Interface Configuration Host Name The Host Name is the host portion of the domain name which is translated into an IP address e Changing the Host Name will cause an automatic LAN reset
120. ortcut for quickly changing these settings If the multimeter is configured to take the measurement using an integration time in NPLCs press Q or to increase or decrease the integration time setting and display the new setting briefly You can scroll through the entire range of integration time settings Keysight 34410A PLCs 0 006 0 02 0 06 0 2 1 2 10 and 100 Keysight 34411A L4411A PLCs 0 001 0 002 0 006 0 02 0 06 0 2 1 2 10 100 If the multimeter is configured to take the measurement using an aperture integration time press or to display APERTURE with the current setting on the second line for example 101 005mSEC You can then use the navigation keypad to change the aperture setting The and keys have their usual functions If either the ac voltage or ac current function is selected press Q or to increase or decrease the bandwidth setting and briefly display the new setting on the second line You can scroll through the three available bandwidth settings 3 HZ SLOW 20 HZ MEDIUM or 200 HZ FAST If the frequency period measurement function is selected pressing Q or during front panel measurement operations will increase or decrease the gate time setting and briefly display the new setting on the second display line for example if the setting was 0 1 GATE TIME the display will show 0 01 GATE TIME when you press Q Repeated use of Q or will scroll through the selection of gate time sett
121. ow voltage measurements this fixed resistance can be set to HI Z 10 GQ for the 100 mVdc 1 Vdc and 10 Vdc ranges e Front Panel Operation After the function is selected press Config INTEGRATION gt RANGE gt INPUT Z Select 10 M or HI Z and then step through or exit the menu Note that when HI Z is selected the multimeter will set an input impedance of gt 10 GQ for the three lowest dc voltage ranges The input impedance remains 10 MQ for all measurement ranges above 10 Vdc e Remote Interface Operation The following command turns on the auto input impedance function for de voltage measurements The AUTO function equivalent of setting HI Z from the front panel uses 10 MQ for the 100V and 1000V ranges and gt 10 GQ for the 100 mVdc 1 Vdc and 10 Vdc ranges SENSe VOLTage DC IMPedance AUTO OFF gt 0 gt ON gt 1 The following command queries the auto impedance function setting SENSe VOLTage DC IMPedance AUTO This query returns a 0 OFF or 1 ON Refer to the Keysight 34410A 11A L4411A Programmer 5 Reference Help for a complete description and syntax for these commands 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide Features and Functions 2 AC Measurements AC Filter Applies to ac voltage ac current frequency and period measurements only The multimeter provides three bandwidth ac signal filter selections Set the bandwidth for the lowest frequency you expect to encounter Note that a lower
122. parameter appears only if both DHCP and AUTO IP are OFF SUBNET MASK Set subnet mask in dot notation using navigation keypad This parameter appears only if both DHCP and AUTO IP are OFF DEF GATEWAY Set default gateway in dot notation using navigation keypad This parameter appears only if both DHCP and AUTO IP are OFF DNS SERVER Set DNS address in dot notation using navigation keypad This parameter appears only if both DHCP and AUTO IP are OFF HOST NAME Enter desired host name using navigation keypad The Host Name must be an string of alphanumeric characters plus dashes up to 15 characters with the first character a letter LAN SERVICES ENABLE ALL or SELECT SELECT allows you to enable or disable the individual services VISA LAN SOCKETS TELNET or WEB SERVER If you disable or re enable any of the LAN services you must cycle the power on the instrument for the change to take effect 10 WEB PASSWORD DISABLE or ENABLE Select ENABLE and use the 98 navigation keypad to enter the desired password up to 12 alphanumeric characters in length 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide Remote Interface Configuration 3 Setting up a LAN connection from the Remote Interface Use the following SCPI commands to configure the LAN interface If you disable or re enable the LAN interface you must cycle the power for the change to take effect You must also cylcle power when you disable or re enable any of the LAN
123. part number 2110 0817 If you determine that the fuse is faulty replace it with one of the same size and rating See To Replace the Power Line Fuse 34410A I1A on page 25 if you need to replace the power line fuse The current input path is also fused The supplied fuse is a 3 A 250V fast acting 5x20mm fuse Keysight part number 2110 0780 and is housed in a standard screw in fuse holder on the left side of the rear panel If you determine that the fuse is faulty replace it with one of the same size and rating 24 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide Quick Start 1 To Replace the Power Line Fuse 34410A 11A Remove power cord first Then follow these steps 1 Depress tab 1 and pull fuse holder 2 from 2 Remove line voltage selector from fuse rear panel holder assembly Keysight Part Number 2110 0817 250 mA 250V slow blow 5x20mm 3 Rotate line voltage selector and reinstall so correct voltage appears in fuse holder window 100 120 220 230 or 240 Vac Verify that the correct line voltage is selected and the power line fuse is good For multimeter operations with a 230 VAC supply set the line voltage selector to 220V 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide 25 1 26 Quick Start To Adjust the Carrying Handle To adjust the position grasp the handle by the sides and pull outward Then rotate the handle to the desired position Bench Top Viewing Positions Carryin
124. r Connect your multimeter to a USB port on your computer Note that it may take several seconds for the computer to recognize and establish a connection to the multimeter e Front Panel Operation Press Utility UTILITY MENU gt REMOTE I O gt USB gt ENABLE USB gt USB ID After enabling or disabling USB you must cycle the power for the change to take effect Note that you generally do not need to know what the USB ID string is for your instrument as connections are automatic for most software However the string is unique to your instrument and has the following format USB0 lt mfgID gt lt modID lt serial gt INSTR You will need to scroll the USB ID Q to view the entire string e Remote Interface Operation The following command enables the USB remote interface SYSTem COMMunicate ENABle ON USB The following command queries the state of the USB interface SYSTem COMMunicate ENABle USB This query returns a 0 OFF or a 1 ON Refer to the Keysight 34410A 11A L4411A Programmer s Reference Help for complete description and syntax for these commands 92 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide Remote Interface Configuration 3 Configuring the LAN Interface By default LAN connectivity with DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol is enabled on the 34410A 11A In many cases you can simply let DHCP assign the necessary parameters for a LAN connection
125. r 0 0100 0 0100 0 0100 0 0100 50 Medium Filter 0 0100 0 0100 0 0100 0 0100 150 Fast Filter 0 0100 0 0100 0 0100 0 0100 500 2 Wire Q 10kQRange 0 001 PI 0 0026 0 0029 0 0046 0 0032 50000 0 006 0 0026 0 0029 0 0046 0 0032 10000 0 06 0 0031 0 0032 0 0047 0 0040 1000 1 0 0190 0 0190 0 0200 0 0190 60 4 wire Q 10 kQ Range 0 001 4 0 0054 0 0040 0 0045 0 0056 1500 0 006 0 0054 0 0040 0 0045 0 0056 1200 0 06 0 0074 0 0078 0 0078 0 0074 380 1 0 0390 0 0390 0 0390 0 0390 30 Frequency 1 ms Gate 0 0100 0 0100 0 0100 0 0100 500 1 kHz 10 V Range 10mS Gate 0 0200 0 0200 0 0200 0 0200 80 paar nites 100 mS Gate 0 1150 0 1150 0 1130 0 1130 10 1S Gate 1 0200 1 0200 1 0200 1 0200 1 Capacitance 0 0820 0 0820 0 0820 0 0820 11 100 nF Range 1 Typical Display off 2 scale input signal immediate trigger trigger delay 0 autozero off autorange off no math 60 Hz line null off sample count 1 trig count 1 one interface enabled 2 0 001 PLC applies to 34411A L4411A only 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide 139 5 140 Specifications Direct I O Measurements 1 any remote interface Sustained maximum reading rate to I O 32 bit BINARY data SAMP COUN 50000 R Function Resolution NPLC rdgs Sec DCV 0 001 50000 34411A L4411A 0 006 10000 ACV Fast Filter 500 2 Wire Q 0 001 50000 34411A L4411A 0 006 10000 4 Wire Q 0 001 1500 34411A L4411A 0 006 1200 Frequency Period 1 k rdgs 1 mS gate fast f
126. r 5 Reference Help for a complete description and syntax for these commands 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide Features and Functions 2 Math Functions In addition to providing a separate null per function measurement capability the multimeter provides four math functions dB measurements dB dBm measurements dBm statistics for accumulated readings STATS and limit testing LIMITS Only one of these math functions can be enabled at a time in addition to the null measurement and remains in effect until you turn it off or change it e Front Panel Operation Press ult Math MATH Select OFF dB dBm STATS or LIMITS See the dB dBm statistics and limit testing sections that follow To turn any math function off Press Nul Math MATH gt OFF e Remote Interface Operation The following command selects the math function to be used CALCulate FUNCtion NULL gt DB gt DBM gt AVERage gt LIMit The following command queries the currently selected math function CALCulate FUNCtion This query returns the currently selected function The following command turns the CALCulate subsystem and thus all math functions on or off CALCulate STATe OFF gt ON The following command queries the current calculation state CALCulate STATe This query returns a 0 OFF or a 1 ON Refer to the Keysight 34410A 11A L4411A Programmer 5 Reference Help for a complete description an
127. r many operating environments You must add additional temperature coefficient errors to the accuracy specification if you are operating the multimeter outside the 5 C temperature range the specification is per C 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide Specifications 5 Configuring for Highest Accuracy Measurements The measurement configurations shown below assume that the multimeter is in its power on or reset state It is also assumed that auto ranging is enabled to ensure proper full scale range selection DC Voltage DC Current and Resistance Measurements Select NPLC and 100 NPLCs for INTEGRATION Set INPUT Z to HI Z for the 100 mV 1 V and 10 V ranges for the best dc voltage accuracy Use the 4 wire ohms function Q 4W for the best resistance measurement accuracy For 2 wire ohms dc voltage and de current measurements set AUTOZERO to ON to remove thermal EMF and offset errors Null the test lead resistance for 2 wire ohms measurements and to remove any interconnection offset for dc voltage measurements AC Voltage and AC Current Measurements Set the AC FILTER to 3 Hz SLOW Frequency and Period Measurements Set the GATE TIME to 1 sec 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide 149 5 Specifications 150 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide Keysight 34410A 11A L4411A 674 Digit Multimeter User s Guide A Appendix Firmware and Driver Updates Firmware and IVI COM driver updates for the 34410A 11A m
128. relative measurements each reading is the difference between a stored selected or measured null value and the input signal One possible application is to increase accuracy of two wire resistance measurements by nulling the test lead resistance Nulling the leads is particularly important prior to making capacitance measurements The formula used for calculating null measurements is Result reading null value e The null value is adjustable and you can set it to any value between 0 and 120 of the highest range for the present function Note that the null value is entered in fundamental units for example Vdc e Front Panel Operation For any measurement function you can directly measure and store the null value by pressing Nun with the test leads open nulls the test lead capacitance shorted nulls the test lead resistance or across a desired null value circuit Alternately you can enable null from the menu Press as required gt NULL gt ON gt NULL VALUE Enter the desired null value with the navigation keypad and then step through or exit the menu The Null annunciator is lit and the null function is enabled To turn the null function off Press Null again or use the menu e Remote Interface Operation The following command enables the null measurement feature for the specified function SENSe lt functiom NULL STATe ON gt OFF where lt fuzct Zor is any function except CONTinuity or DIODe
129. rom the factory the Auto IP setting is enabled e The IP address is stored in non volatile memory and does not change when power has been off after a Factory Reset RST command or after an Instrument Preset SYSTem PRESet command IP Address An Internet Protocol IP Address is required for all IP and TCP IP communications with the instrument If DHCP is enabled factory setting the specified static IP address is not used However if the DHCP server fails to assign a valid IP address or if DHCP and Auto IP are both off the currently configured static IP address will be used e Changing the IP address will cause an automatic LAN reset 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide Remote Interface Configuration 3 e The factory set default IP Address is 169 254 4 10 e Ifyou are planning to use a static IP address on a corporate LAN contact your network administrator to obtain a fixed IP address to be used exclusively for your instrument e The IP address is stored in non volatile memory and does not change when power has been off after a Factory Reset RST command or after an Instrument Preset SYSTem PRESet command Subnet Mask The multimeter uses the Subnet Mask to determine if a client IP address is on the same local subnet When a client IP address is on a different subnet all packets must be sent to the Default Gateway Contact your network administrator to determine if subnetting is being used and for the c
130. s 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide 57 2 58 Features and Functions Ranging Applies to all measurements except continuity and diode test which use a fixed range Temperature measurements always use autoranging You can let the multimeter automatically select the range using autoranging or you can select a fixed range using manual ranging Autoranging is convenient because the multimeter automatically selects the appropriate range for sensing and displaying each measurement However manual ranging results in better performance since the multimeter does not have to determine which range to use for each measurement Autorange thresholds The multimeter will shift range as follows Down range at lt 10 of present range Up range at gt 120 of present range Ranging is local to the selected function the multimeter remembers the selected ranging method auto or manual and selected manual range when you switch between measurement functions For frequency and period measurements the selected range is for the ac voltage level of the input signal For temperature measurements the multimeter uses autoranging as appropriate for the probe type For continuity tests the multimeter range is fixed at 1 KQ For diode tests the range is fixed at 1 Vdc with a 1 mA current source output Front Panel Operation For applicable measurement functions the ranging method and manual range may be selected by front panel shortcuts see
131. s not required when the dc level varies sample to sample Making High Speed dc and Resistance Measurements The multimeter incorporates an automatic zero measurement procedure autozero to eliminate internal thermal EMF and bias current errors Each measurement actually consists of a measurement of the input terminals followed by a measurement of the internal offset voltage The internal offset voltage error is subtracted from the input for improved accuracy This compensates for offset voltage changes due to temperature For maximum reading speed turn autozero off This will more than double your reading speeds for dc voltage resistance and dc current functions Autozero does not apply to other measurement functions 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide 121 4 Measurement Tutorial Other Sources of Measurement Error Settling Time Effects The multimeter has the ability to insert automatic measurement settling delays These delays are adequate for resistance measurements with less than 200 pF of combined cable and device capacitance This is particularly important if you are measuring resistances above 100 KQ Settling due to RC time constant effects can be quite long Some precision resistors and multi function calibrators use large parallel capacitors 1000 pF to 0 1 uF with high resistor values to filter out noise currents injected by their internal circuitry Non ideal capacitances in cables and other devices may have much longer settl
132. s the SCPI version in the form YYYY v where YYYY represents the year of the version and V represents a version number for that year for example 1994 0 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide 37 2 Features and Functions Front Panel Features 34410A 11A 38 Front Panel Display The Keysight 34410A 11A provides a two line alphanumeric display with annunciators to indicate certain non default instrument states Displayed Messages While taking measurements the primary display line shows the current reading with units for example 0 001 02 VDC For some functions the second display line can be enabled to display a secondary measurement When a menu is open for example to configure a measurement the primary display line indicates the menu or the parameter to be set or selected while the second line displays the selections or a value to be set The second line also displays momentary messages to convey instrument state changes Self Guiding Menus The Keysight 34410A 11A provides context sensitive menus to configure measurements and other functions The following general guidelines apply to menu operations e In this guide navigation keypad refers to the Q and amp keys and the key e Several keys or shifted key sequences open a menu These include to configure the currently selected measurement function 883 to select a secondary measurement for the second display lin
133. s the signal slope for the voltmeter complete VM Comp signal OUTPut TRIGger SLOPe POSitive gt NEGative The following query returns the selected trigger slope for the VM Comp connector OUTPut TRIGger SLOPe This query returns POS or NEG Refer to the Keysight 34410A 11A L4411A Programmer s Reference Help for a complete description and syntax for this command 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide 79 2 Features and Functions Data Logging The Data Logger feature 34410A 11A only provides a front panel user interface that allows you to set up data logging into the instrument s non volatile memory without programming and without a connection to a computer Once you have finished collecting data you can view it from the front panel or you can then connect your computer and import the data The 34410A 11A Web Interface provides a very convenient way of importing the data into your spreadsheet or other application The Data Logger logs data to non volatile memory Once the Data Logger has saved the data you can turn off the power move the multimeter and then view or retrieve the logged data after turning the power back on The 34410A and 34411A have non volatile memory for up to 50 000 readings which is the limit for the Data Logger feature The 34410A 11A allows you to set the following data logging parameters START DELAY INTERVAL EVENTS TIME COUNT or DURATION e START DELAY is the delay time 0 to 3600 seconds
134. t Testing 66 Loading Errors 103 122 M Magnetic Loop Noise 105 Manual Ranging 58 Math Functions 63 dB Measurements 64 dBm 64 Limit Testing 66 Statistics 65 Maximum Value 65 Measure 2 Wire Ohms 19 4 wire Ohms 19 AC Current 18 AC Volts 17 Capacitance 21 DC Current 18 DC Volts 17 Diode Test 23 Frequency 20 Period 20 Resistance 19 Temperature 21 22 Measurement Error 146 Below Full Scale 123 Burden Voltage 123 Common Mode 124 Ground Loops 105 High Resistance Measurements 107 Leakage Current 124 Loading 122 Loadiong Errors 103 Low Level Measurments 123 Magnetic Loops 105 Noise 104 Power Dissipation 107 Self Heating 123 Test Lead Resistance 107 Thermal EMF 103 Memory sanitization 86 Menus 38 Messages Displayed 38 Minimum Value 65 Multimeter Failure to Turn On 24 Front Panel Keys 15 Fuse 24 Preparing for Use 14 Rack Mounting 27 Reset 51 Supplied Items 14 Triggering 68 N NISPOM 86 NMR 104 Noise 104 105 123 Non volatile Memory 87 NPLC 52 Null 44 45 46 47 60 Null Measurements 60 O Offset Compensation 45 46 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide P Period Measurements 20 Configuring 45 Configuring for Accuracy 149 Errors In 114 Specifications 134 Power Dissipation 107 Power LIne Noise Rejecting 104 Power On State 87 Prepare for Use 14 Pre Trigger Samples 72 Probe Type 46 R Rack Mounting 27 Radix
135. t VALUE if you want to enter a specific relative value Use the navigation keypad to set the desired dB REL VALUE The Math annunciator will light and the reading will be displayed in dB You can also select VALUE to view a previously set or measured value e Remote Interface Operation The following command sequence selects the dB function turns the function on and sets a relative value CALCulate FUNCtion DB CALCulate STATe ON CALCulate DB REFerence lt value gt Refer to the Keysight 34410A 11A L4411A Programmer 5 Reference Help for a complete description and syntax for these commands dBm Measurements Applies to ac voltage and dc voltage measurements only The dBm function is logarithmic and is based on a calculation of power delivered to a reference resistance relative to 1 milliwatt 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide Features and Functions 2 dBm 10 x log reading 2 reference resistance 1 mW e You can choose from several reference resistance values 50 75 93 110 124 125 135 150 250 300 500 600 800 900 1000 1200 or 8000 ohms The default setting is 600 ohms e Front Panel Operation Press Nuli Math MATH gt dBM gt dBm REF R Select the desired reference resistance The Math annunciator turns on and the reading is now displayed in dBm e Remote Interface Operation The following command sequence selects the dBm function turns the function on and sets the ref
136. t be controlled from the remote interface The following query returns the current switch setting ROUTe TERMinals The query returns either FRON or REAR 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide Features and Functions 2 Multimeter Reset The reset function resets most multimeter settings to their factory settings except if the power on state has been manually set to a stored state see Multimeter State Storage on page 49 The reset function is faster than cycling power because the power on self tests are omitted e Certain settings such as I O addresses are stored in non volatile memory and are not affected by a reset e Refer to Power On and Reset State on page 87 for a complete listing of the settings affected by a front panel or remote interface reset command e Front Panel Operation To reset the multimeter press dnd Reset RESET DMM is displayed along with the options NO default and YES Select YES to reset the multimeter e Remote Interface Operation The following commands reset the multimeter to the instrument reset state SYSTem PRESet RST Refer to the Keysight 34410A 11A L4411A Programmer 5 Reference Help for a complete description and syntax for these commands 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide 51 Features and Functions DC Measurements Integration Time and Resolution For dc voltage de current resistance and temperature measurements the multimeter provides two ways
137. t result from the function and range you select as well as the input signal level The reading error varies according to the input level on the selected range This error is expressed in percent of reading The following table shows the reading error applied to the multimeter s 24 hour dc voltage specification Range Input Level Reading Error Reading Error of reading Voltage 10 VDC 10 VDC 0 0015 150 uV 10 VDC 1 VDC 0 0015 15 uV 10 VDC 0 1 VDC 0 0015 1 5 uV 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide Specifications 5 Understanding the of range Error The range error compensates for inaccuracies that result from the function and range you select The range error contributes a constant error expressed as a percent of range independent of the input signal level The following table shows the range error applied to the multimeter s 24 hour dc voltage specification Range Input Level Range Error Range Error of range Voltage 10 voc 10 VDC 0 0004 40 uV 10 voc 1 VDC 0 0004 40 uV 10 VDC 0 1 VDC 0 0004 40 uV Total Measurement Error To compute the total measurement error add the reading error and range error You can then convert the total measurement error to a percent of input error or a ppm parts per million of input error as shown below Total Measurement Error a _ x 100 of input error Input Signal Level Hore of input error Total Measurement Error x 1 000 000 Input Signal Level
138. ter is in the wait for trigger state e Hold The reading hold function is enabled e Remote The multimeter is operating in the remote interface mode e Error A hardware error or remote interface error has been detected and a message is in the error queue e Null The null feature is enabled for the present measurement function e Shift The key has been pressed toggles on and off e Math Either the dB or dBm math function is enabled e Stats The statistics math function is enabled e Limits The limit test math function is enabled e Rear The Front Rear switch is set to Rear and the rear set of input terminals is connected internally to make measurements e 4W A four wire resistance or temperature function is selected e The continuity function is selected gt The diode test function is selected Second Display Options Many measurement functions allow a secondary measurement to be displayed simultaneously on the second display line Primary Function Second Display Function DC V DC I AC V AC Peak to Peak value Freq AC Voltage Temp Raw Resistance Fac voltage of the input waveform RF x actual raw resistance measured across temperature probe and leads e Front Panel Operation Press 24 2ND DISPLAY gt PK TO PK Where primary function is voltage or current 40 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide Features and Functions 2 Once the second display is enabled you can
139. timeter s input circuitry from affecting measurement accuracy When auto zero is OFF the multimeter takes one zero reading and subtracts it from all subsequent measurements A new zero reading is taken each time you change the function range or resolution integration time When auto zero is set to ONCE the multimeter takes one zero reading then sets auto zero to OFF The zero reading taken is used for all subsequent measurements until the next change to the function range or integration time If the selected integration time is less than 1 PLC the zero reading is taken at 1 PLC to ensure normal mode noise rejection in the zero reading then subsequent readings are taken at the set integration time e Front Panel Operation Select a supported function Press as required gt AUTO ZERO Select OFF ONCE or ON and then step through or exit the menu e Remote Interface Operation The following command enables or disables auto zero SENSe lt function gt ZERO AUTO OFF gt ONCE gt 0 gt 0N gt 1 where lt functiom VOLTage DC CURRent DC RESistance or TEMPerature Auto zero may be also set indirectly using the CONFigure or MEASure commands The following command queries the auto zero feature status SENSe lt functiom gt ZERO AUTO This query command returns 0 OFF or 1 ON Refer to the Keysight 34410A 11A L4411A Programmer 5 Reference Help for a complete description and syntax for these command
140. tions 142 T TCP IP 94 Temperature Coefficients and Accuiracy 148 Temperature Measurements 21 22 Configuring 46 Errors In 117 NPLC 52 Units 46 Test Lead Resistance 107 Test Limits 66 Thermal EMF Errors 103 Thousands Seperator 61 Transfer Accuracy 148 Triggering 68 Auto Triggering 68 Automatic Delay 74 Bus 70 Delay 73 External 76 78 Falling Edge 78 Immediate 70 Internal 70 Pre Trigger Samples 72 Reading Hold 69 Rising Edge 78 Samples Per Trigger 71 Single 69 Slope 78 Software 70 Source 68 Troubleshooting 24 True RMS 108 Turn Off Display 41 U USB Interface 90 92 V VM Complete 77 159 Index wW Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment Directive 5 Web Browser 100 Web Password 93 96 160 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide This information is subject to change without notice Keysight Technologies 2005 2012 2014 Edition 6 August 2014 34410 90001 KEYSIGHT www keysight com TECHNOLOGIES
141. to clear all errors from the queue Remote Interface Operation The following command reads and clears one error from the error queue in first in first out order SYSTem ERRor NEXT 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide 85 2 86 Features and Functions Refer to the Keysight 34410A 11A L4411A Programmer 5 Reference Help for a complete description and syntax for this command NISPOM Memory Sanitization You can sanitize all user accessible instrument memory either from the front panel or from the remote interface This complies with the requirements in chapter 8 of the National Instrument Security Program Operating Manual NISPOM e Front Panel Operation Press Utility UTILITY MENU gt NISPOM Select YES to sanitize all user accessible memory e Remote Interface Operation The following command sanitizes all user accessible instrument memory SYSTem SECurity IMMediate Refer to the Keysight 34410A 11A L4411A Programmer 5 Reference Help for a complete description and syntax for this command Calibration Only service qualified personnel should calibrate the multimeter Improper use of the front panel CALIBRATION procedure in the UTILITY menu could result in damage to the multimeter The multimeter is secured with a calibration security code at the factory Refer to the Keysight 34410A 11A L4411A Service Guide for calibration procedures 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide Features and Functions 2 Pow
142. to the left or right To accept a selection press Enter To set numeric parameters use Q or to select a digit and A or amp to increase or decrease that digit Front Panel Display Shortcuts Direct front panel shortcuts are provided for three commonly used display functions ranging digit masking and integration time Ranging The multimeter s manual range can be set directly from the navigation keypad To manually change the current multimeter range press A or The ManRng annunciator will light and the selected range e g 100mV RANGE will be briefly displayed on the second line Digit Masking The navigation keypad provides a shortcut to mask change the number of digits displayed the reading on the main display easing readability To enable digit masking during any measurement function press Q or DIGIT MASK will be displayed along with a list of choices 3 5 4 5 5 5 6 5 and AUTO on the second display line Press or to scroll through and select one of these settings and then press Enter 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide 15 1 16 Quick Start Integration Time Bandwidth Gate Time Four measurement functions allow you to select the multimeter s integration time dc voltage dc current resistance and temperature The ac voltage and current measurements allow you to select the ac signal filter bandwidth The frequency period function allows you to select gate time The navigation keyp
143. to trigger a reading see Trigger Slope on page 78 The diagram below shows the Ext Trig connector timing for a negative pulse Ext Trig Input 3 5V OV a gt 1 us e The multimeter buffers one external trigger If the multimeter is currently taking a reading while another trigger occurs that second trigger is accepted After the reading in progress is completed the stored trigger is issued e The Trig annunciator turns on when the multimeter is waiting for an external trigger 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide Features and Functions 2 e The rear panel VM Comp voltmeter complete connector provides a pulse after completion of each measurement Voltmeter complete and external trigger implement a standard hardware handshake sequence between measurement and switching devices The diagram below shows the VM Comp connector timing for a negative pulse VM Comp Output E ov a k Approximately 2 us Front Panel Operation The external trigger mode corresponds in function to pressing the key from the front panel except that you apply the trigger signal to the Ext Trig connector e Remote Interface Operation The following command selects the trigger source from the external connector TRIGger SOURce EXTernal Refer to the Keysight 34410A 11A L4411A Programmer 5 Reference Help for a complete description and syntax for this command 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide 77 2 Features
144. ue and number of readings respectively since statistics were enabled or cleared CA Cul CA Cul CA Cul CA Cul CA Cul CA Cul ate ate ate ate ate ate AVERage AVERage AVERage AVERage AVERage AVERage AVI MI MAXimum SDI ERage imum EViation PTPeak CO UNt Refer to the Keysight 34410A I1A L4411A Programmer s Reference Help for a complete description and syntax for these commands Limit Testing Applies to all measurement functions except continuity and diode test The limit test function LIMITS enables you to perform pass fail testing to upper and lower limits that you specify You can set the upper and lower limits to any value between 0 and 120 of the highest range for the present function The upper limit you select must be a more positive number than the lower limit The initial factory settings for both are 0 The instrument clears all limits after a Factory Reset RST command or an Instrument Preset SYSTem PRESet command or when a function is changed e Front Panel Operation Press Nuit Math MATH gt LIMITS gt LOW LIMIT gt HIGH LIMIT Set the desired LOW LIMIT and HIGH LIMIT in turn using the navigation keypad and press Enter The second display line shows a bar graph indicating the approximate reading on a scale from LO to HI 66 x BES EVES Sores Eaves e es Sere et Limits ht
145. uide 3 Remote Interface Configuration Configuring the GPIB Interface 91 Configuring the USB Interface 92 Configuring the LAN Interface 93 Configuring LAN Parameters 94 DHCP 94 Auto IP 94 IP Address 94 Subnet Mask 95 Default Gateway 95 HostName 96 DNS Server 96 Web Password 96 Instrument Unexpectedly Goes into Remote 97 Setting up a LAN connection from the Front Panel 98 Setting up a LAN connection from the Remote Interface 99 Keysight 34410A 11A Web Interface 100 For remote interface configuration information specific to the L4411A refer to the L4411A Getting Started Guide p n L4411 90001 KEYSIGHT TECHNOLOGIES 3 Remote Interface Configuration This chapter tells how to configure the Keysight 34410A 11A for remote interface communication For additional information refer to the e Keysight USB LAN GPIB Connectivity Guide for interface configuration and troubleshooting information This manual is found on the Keysight Automation Ready CD ROM or at www keysight com find connectivity e Keysight 34410A 11A L4411A Programmer s Reference Help for information on programming the instrument using SCPI commands This help file is found on the Keysight 34410A 11A L4411A Product Reference CD ROM The Keysight 34410A 11A supports GPIB USB and LAN interfaces All three interfaces are enabled at power on The front panel Remote annunciator turns on whenever there is activity on the remote interface e GPIB Interface You need on
146. uld connect the shield to the input LO terminal Make sure the multimeter and the ac source are connected to the same electrical outlet whenever possible You should also minimize the area of any ground loops that cannot be avoided A high impedance source is more susceptible to noise pickup than a 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide 123 4 124 Measurement Tutorial low impedance source You can reduce the high frequency impedance of a source by placing a capacitor in parallel with the multimeter s input terminals You may have to experiment to determine the correct capacitor value for your application Most extraneous noise is not correlated with the input signal You can determine the error as shown below Voltage Measured y Vin 24 Noise 2 Correlated noise while rare is especially detrimental Correlated noise always adds directly to the input signal Measuring a low level signal with the same frequency as the local power line is a common situation that is prone to this error Common Mode Errors Errors are generated when the multimeter s input LO terminal is driven with an ac voltage relative to earth The most common situation where unnecessary common mode voltages are created is when the output of an ac calibrator is connected to the multimeter backwards Ideally a multimeter reads the same regardless of how the source is connected Both source and multimeter effects can degrade this ideal situation Because of the capacitan
147. ull value and the input signal e NULL VALUE Allows you to view and edit the null value if enabled Configuring AC Voltage and Current Measurements For ac voltage and ac current measurements your menu selections are AC FILTER RANGE NULL and NULL VALUE e AC FILTER Allows you to select one of three choices 3 HZ SLOW 20 HZ MEDIUM 200 HZ FAST The ac filter allows you to trade off low frequency bandwidth versus ac settling time e RANGE Allows you to let the multimeter automatically select the range using the autoranging feature select AUTO or you may select a fixed range select MANUAL 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide Features and Functions 2 NULL Allows you to enable ON or disable OFF the null measurement feature which measures the difference between a stored null value and the input signal NULL VALUE Allows you to view and edit the null value if enabled Configuring Resistance Measurements For 2 wire and 4 wire resistance measurements your menu selections are INTEGRATION RANGE OFFSET COMP AUTO ZERO NULL and NULL VALUE INTEGRATION Allows you to set the integration time for the measurement in two ways in power line cycles NPLC or in seconds APERTURE RANGE Allows you to let the multimeter automatically select the range using the autoranging feature select AUTO or you may select a fixed range select MANUAL OFFSET COMP Allows you to enable ON or disable OFF the offset
148. ultimeter will accept a trigger The power on default is auto triggering from the front panel Several types of triggering are described in the sections that follow e Front Panel Operation Press once to go to the single trigger mode A single reading is taken and another reading is taken each time you press Trigger or when a hardware trigger is received on the Ext Trig connector Press Auto Trig and select TRIGGER gt AUTO To return to auto trigger mode TRIGGER gt LEVEL To select internal level triggering 34411A only TRIGGER gt HOLD To select reading hold mode TRIGGER gt SETUP To enter the trigger setup menu e Remote Interface Operation The following command selects the trigger source from the remote interface TRIGger SOURce IMMediate gt EXTernal BUS gt INTernal Where INTernal triggering applies only to the 34411 A L4411A Refer to the Keysight 34410A 11A L4411A Programmer 5 Reference Help for a complete description and syntax for this command Auto Triggering 34410A 11A This mode is available from the front panel only The power on trigger default mode for the multimeter is front panel operation in auto trigger mode e Auto triggering takes continuous readings at the fastest rate possible for the specified measurement configuration function range resolution and so forth 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide Features and Functions 2 e Auto triggering is a front panel
149. ultimeters are available via the Web This section contains information for locating and downloading the updates to your computer Downloading the Update Utility and Firmware 152 Downloading IVI COM Driver Updates 155 For firmware and driver update information specific to the L4411A refer to the L44 1A Getting Started Guide p n L4411 90001 KEYSIGHT TECHNOLOGIES A Appendix Firmware and Driver Updates Downloading the Update Utility and Firmware Keysight 34410A 11A firmware updates are installed in the instrument using the Keysight Firmware Update Utility The utility and firmware file can be found on the Web at www keysight com find 34410A or www keysight com find 34411A Once this page is displayed click on Technical Support under the heading More Details From the Technical Support window scroll to Drivers and Software and select V 3341xA Firmware Update Revision lt x xx gt V Documents amp Downloads y Keysight 34410A 11A Firmware Update Utility If the firmware update utility is not currently installed on your PC open and install the utility from the Web site The utility is saved in the default directory C Program Files Keysight Firmware Update Utility Downloading and Installing the Firmware Update Return to the Web page and under Documents amp Downloads and select 3441xA Firmware Update Revision lt x xx gt Open or Save the firmware file to download it to your PC
150. unction DC V DC I Q 2W Q 4W or Temp Press Config as required gt INTEGRATION gt APERTURE Use the navigation keypad to set the desired aperture value and press Enter Then step through or exit the configuration menu e Remote Interface Operation The following commands set the aperture value in seconds SENSe VOLTage DC APERture lt seconds gt gt MIN gt MAX gt DEF SENSe CURRent DC APERture lt seconds gt gt MIN gt MAX gt DEF FRESistance APERture lt seconmds gt gt MIN gt MAX gt DEF TEMPerature APERture lt seconds gt gt MIN gt MAX gt DEF SENSe RESistance APERture lt seconds gt gt MIN gt MAX gt DEF Each of these commands also has a query form 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide 53 2 54 Features and Functions The following command similar queries for current resistance and temperature returns whether aperture mode is enabled SENSe VOLTage DC APERture ENABled This query returns a 0 disabled or 1 enabled Refer to the Keysight 34410A 11A L4411A Programmer 5 Reference Help for a complete description and syntax for these commands DC Input Impedance Applies to dc voltage measurements only The default setting for the multimeter s input impedance is fixed at 10 MQ for all dc voltage ranges to minimize noise pickup To reduce the effects of measurement loading errors when making l
151. uracy is 0 5 of the reading 0 5 of the range Example For a 5 nF capacitor measured using the 10 nF range the accuracy is 0 4 5 nF 0 1 10 nF 30 pF total error possible For the best accuracy take a zero null measurement with open probes to null out the test lead capacitance before connecting the probes across the capacitor to be measured Temperature Measurements The multimeter allows the measurement of temperature by measurement of the temperature sensitive resistance of two different Probe types the resistance temperature detector RTD of 0 00385 C and thermistors of 2 2 KQO 5 KQ or 10 KQ There are a number of measurement parameter and technique choices available to you and these affect various aspects of the measurement e Temperature range and resolution can direct the probe type choice 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide 117 4 118 Measurement Tutorial e Choice of four wire or two wire technique affects measurement accuracy e Use of the auto zero feature affects measurement speed and accuracy e Choice of integration measurement time setting affects measurement accuracy and power line noise rejection e Use of the offset compensation feature can eliminate residual voltages in the test instrumentation or circuit Probe Type Choice RTD s provide very accurate highly linear relationships between resistance and temperature over a range of roughly 200 to 500 C There is very l
152. ure Coefficient 1 Year 0 C to Tea 5 C TcaLt 5 C Tear 5 C to 55 C Capacitance 1 nF 500 nA 0 50 0 50 0 05 0 05 10 nF 1 pA 0 40 0 10 0 05 0 01 100 nF 10 pA 0 40 0 10 0 01 0 01 1 uF 100 pA 0 40 0 10 0 01 0 01 10 uF 1mA 0 40 0 10 0 01 0 01 1 Specifications are for 90 minute warm up using Math Null Additional errors may occur for non film capacitors 2 Specifications are for 1 to 120 of range on the 1 nF range and 10 to 120 of range on all other ranges Capacitance Measurement Type Current input with measurement of resulting ramp Connection Type 2 Wire 136 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide Specifications 5 Temperature Characteristics Accuracy Specifications 1 Function Probe Type Ro Best Range 24 Hour Temperature 90 Day 1 Year Coefficient ToaL 5 C 0 C to Tea 5 C Tcal 5 C to 55 C Temperature RTD from 49 Q to 2 1kQ 200 C to 600 C 0 06 C 0 003 C Thermistor N A 80 C to 150 C 0 08 C 0 002 C 1 For total measurement accuracy add temperature probe error Examples RTD probe measurement within Best Range 1 Meter within Toa 5 C Error 0 06 C probe error 2 Meter atTcay 10 C Error 0 06 C 5 x 0 003 C probe error 0 075 C probe error 34410A 11A L4411A User s Guide 137 5 138 Specifications Additional 34411A L4411A Specifications Resolution See table on page 130 Over

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