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User Manual Dracula

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1. lt FILTERS gt lt FILTERS gt Inside lt PROGRAM_SETTINGS gt No Defines filters for filtering operations The filters itself are described by lt FILTER gt elements inside lt FIL TERS gt 5th December 2003 8 48 41 lt HELPBROWSER gt Tag Level Optional Description lt ITEM gt Tag Level Optional Description lt LAYOUT gt Tag Level Optional Description lt POPUP_MENUS gt lt HELPBROWSER EXECUTE usr bin mozilla lt helpfile gt Inside lt EXTERNAL_PROGRAMS gt No Defines the WWW browser to be invoked when you want to show the online manual of Dracula The at tribute EXECUTE specifies the command to start the browser Inside the command you may use the special variable helpfile to define where the file name of the HTML help file should be placed in the command All occurences of this special variable are substituted by the correct value before the command is executed lt ITEM NAME Myltem gt lt ITEM gt Inside lt POPUP_MENU gt Yes Defines a certain menu item The attribute NAME specifies the title of the menu item The command which should be executed when the menu item is cho sen must be described in a lt COMMAND gt element be tween lt ITEM NAME MyItem gt and lt ITEM gt lt LAYOUT NAME MyLayout EXE CUTE usr bin mylayout
2. lt ICON FILE icons ic_dracula xpm Inside lt NODE gt No Defines an icon The attribute FILE specifies the path which must be specified relative to the path of the Node Configuration file and filename of the icon file Note The icon file must be a pixmap in the XPM format lt NODE TYPE Default gt lt NODE gt Inside lt NODE_SETTINGS gt Yes Defines the graphical appearance of all nodes of the type defined by the attribute TYPE The settings itself are specified in the lt ICON gt node s icon lt COLOR gt node s color and lt VIS IBLE_ATTRIBUTES gt attributes which should be shown inside the node elements lt VISIBLE_ATTRIBUTES gt 8 3 The edge group configuration covers the definition of edge groups consisting of var ious edge types as well as the graphical appearance of the edges in such a group Tag Level Optional Description lt VISIBLE_ATTRIBUTES gt lt VISIBLE_ATTRIBUTES gt Inside lt NODE gt No Defines the visible attributes of anode Each lt ATTR gt included inside lt VISIBLE_ATTRIBUTES gt specifies such an attribute Edge Group Configuration Among the parameters that can be modified for each group are 5th December 2003 8 48 graph masters 9 dracula e the name of the group e the edges that belong to the group e the c
3. Tag Level Optional Description Tag Level Optional Description lt FILTER gt Tag Level Optional Description lt FILTERS gt Tag Level Optional Description graph masters dracula lt EDITOR EXECUTE usr bin emacs linenr Sinfile gt Inside lt EXTERNAL_PROGRAMS gt No Defines the sourcecode editor to be invoked when you want to show the sourcecode of a node The at tribute EXECUTE specifies the command to start the editor Inside the command you may use two special variables to define where the filename of the sourcecode file and the line number should be placed in the command For the filename insert infile and for the line number use linenr All occurences of these special variables are substituted by their correct values before the command is executed lt EXTERNAL_PROGRAMS gt lt EXTERNAL_PROGRAMS gt lt EXTERNAL_PROGRAMS gt Inside lt PROGRAM_SETTINGS gt No Defines external programs to be used with Dracula like the sourcecode editor which is specified by the lt EDITOR gt element lt FILTER NAME MyFilter gt lt FILTER gt Inside lt FILTERS gt Yes Defines a certain filter The attribute NAME spec ifies the name of the filter as shown in the Fil ter Dialog The text enclosed between lt FILTER NAME MyFilter gt and lt FILTER gt is the filter de noted in DSL syntax
4. DefaultGraph EE C_Routine ai s his a lode ID 40 rl Path tmp Artificial FALSE Filename test c Line 2 Line 5 Unsure_Parameter FALSE ML bis lode ID 47 Path tmp Filename test c Unsure_Parameter FALSE yeter FALSE aT Unsure_Parameter FALSE I ECC OC_Pal Lr Node ID 49 Path tmp Filename test Line 3 Unsure_Param j Nodes 21 Visible Nodes 21 Node in Working Selection Marked Nodes 0 Figure 3 5 A Graph Window ly Standard Cursor Mark Cursor y PY Info Cursor Filter 6 New Selection HA Delete Selected 7 Nodes Grid Layout 35 Tree Layout 4 Zoom In MA Zoom 100 _ 4 Show Hide Toolbar KS M Hand Cursor Fu Select Cursor Refresh 5 Edge Visibility a Clone Selection ea PS Export B Circle Layout 2 Custom Layout r Minimap os Zoom Out Figure 3 6 The toolbar of a Graph Window 5th December 2003 8 48 graph masters 3 dracula 4 Working with projects In this chapter you will learn more about projects and graphs A project in Dracula includes a certain IML graph together with one or more subgraphs of this IML graph These subgraphs are simply called graphs in Dracula and they are the objects you work with most of the time in Dracula More on graphs you will find in
5. Filter dialog choose the page Predefined Filter On this page there is a combobox Name where you choose which of the Predefined Filters to use hopefully the name will give you a clue what the filter does Next click on one of the buttons Show Hide Select Deselect Mark or Unmark to carry out the desired operation based on the chosen Predefined Filter To finally close the dialog click on the button Close 6 4 Annotations Dracula allows you to add your own information to a graph in the form of node annotations This can be useful for example to clarify the function of certain nodes An annotation is simply a short piece of text assigned to a node To define or show an annotation for a node right click on it and choose the item Annotation This will open a dialog with a multiline textfield Type whatever you want in here and click on the button Ok If the node is already annotated the comment is shown in 5th December 2003 8 48 graph masters E dracula the textfield when the dialog is opened To indicate that a node has an annotation attached to it a little A symbol is drawn in the upper right corner of the node 6 5 Exporting graphs Imagine that you want to send a certain graph to a colleague of yours who does not own Dracula So sending him the project file would be of no use to him Or you want to print a graph on paper but Dracula does not provide a dire
6. To apply the Tree Layout just click the button Tree Layout in the toolbox of the Graph Window or instead right click the drawing area while not above a node and choose 5th December 2003 8 48 graph masters dracula the item Layout Tree from the popup menu that appears Always be careful when applying a builtin layout because the original layout will be destroyed and Dracula will not ask you to confirm your choice And unfortunately there is no undo function in Dracula 5 5 3 Custom layouts Although the builtin layouts are powerful ones they may not be exactly what you want In this case Dracula provides you another option you can write your own lay out algorithms we call them custom layouts and use them as a plugin in Dracula Basically these algorithms are provided in the form of external executable programs which are able to interface with Dracula When applying a custom layout Dracula sends information about which nodes and edges exist to the external program Then the external program calculates the new node positions and returns them back to Dracula Finally Dracula layouts the graph according to this information How ex actly this mechanism works and to which conventions the external program has to comply to is described in appendix A Now to apply a custom layout to a graph either click on the button Custom Lay out in the toolbox of the Graph Window or choose the item Layout Custom in t
7. e Parameter scripting file Most of the functionality of Dracula can be invoked by script commands denoted in the Dracula Scripting Language DSL When starting Dracula you can specify the path and name of a file containing one or more of these scripting commands All the commands in the file are then exe cuted directly after Dracula has been started More information about scripting scripting files and the DSL can be found in chapter 7 e Parameter v This parameter defines the level of verbosity or debug level for debug messages written to the console v0 for example means that there should be no messages at all v1 only shows critical messages v2 shows critical and warning messages v3 and v4 give even more messages As you can see a higher debug level includes all messages that are written at lower levels too 5th December 2003 8 48 graph masters E dracula 2 Installation This chapter describes how to install Dracula on your system First we will give some hints about the system requirements Dracula needs to work Then you will learn how to install Dracula from a binary package The last section is about compiling and installing Dracula dircectly from source code 2 1 System requirements Dracula is written in Ada 95 and uses the Gimp Toolkit GTK for its graphical user interface So it is able to run on a variety of platforms from which actually Linux and Sun Solaris systems are s
8. nodes There are different ways in Dracula to do this Some of them work on the ba sis of existing graphs like creating differences unions or intersections of two graphs or creating a new graph out of a selection of nodes of another graph These possibili ties will be discussed later Here we will focus on creating graphs from scratch This is a bit more complex task since it involves writing script commands in the Drac ula Scripting Language which is described in more detail in chapter 7 First open the Graph Box and click on the button New Graph A dialog is shown with a textfield where you can type in the script command needed to create the graph you want If you wish to create a graph that contains all nodes of the current IML graph then type the following command into the textfield create graph MyGraph with imlnodes After a click on the button Ok and some seconds or hours later depending on the size of the IML graph a new Graph Window is shown containing the newly created graph There will also be a new item MyGraph in the listbox of the Graph Box It graph masters dracula 5th December 2003 8 48 17 18 is important that each graph has its own unique name so when you try to create a graph with a name that already exists you will get an error message Also be careful not to use the command as shown above together with big IML graphs or you will have to wait a very long time before the graph is
9. 19 5 4 3 Ihe MinimaP 244222 322 2 2 3 ee ale pole es 19 graph masters dracula 5th December 2003 8 48 5 5 Changing graph layout A ete des 5 5 1 Manual layout rre KI KII K KK Be SE o A eni ona en amp s Doe Custom layouts sanieren 5 6 Getting information about nodes 5 6 1 Showing attributes Y KK KII 5 6 2 The Info cursor a a ee de as a 5 6 3 Showing the sourcecode ias KK TV PELOS O II ee a e Ee E B E E S 5 7 1 The Working Selection 2 224 2 2243 5 7 2 Selecting and deselecting nodes 5 7 3 Stored Selections za 20 24 0 0 8 0 0 5 7 4 Creating new Stored Selections 5 7 5 Editing and deleting Stored Selections 5 7 6 Transforming Stored Selections 5 87 Markings A A ee ee er N 5 8 1 Marking and unmarking nodes 5 9 Modifying a graph Yulia a 5 9 1 Showing amp hiding nodes 5 9 2 Deleting NOES s ya eus es des Kinn 5 9 3 Predecessors amp successors Advanced graph operations 6 1 Building new graphs from existing ones 6 1 1 Merging graphs union intersection difference 6 1 2 Cloning Working Selections 6 2 Controlling edge visibility 63 Using filters Se ig a gkko Ri ye Wi ek ae a 6 3 1 Simple Filters anna san A mer 6 3 2 Predefined Filters anses 9 3 aye sure 6 4 Annotations Lua fed at n Ar ete ana
10. 6 5 Exporting graphs 2 4 2222 KK K KI K KI RS eR Usage of the Dracula Scripting Language DSL 7 1 Loading a scripting file and how it is parsed 7 2 Composition and syntax of DSL 5th December 2003 8 48 graph masters 9 dracula 7 2 13 Key Words ee moe n Beg lew he She SMa NS ae 33 7 3 The commands and examples for them 34 JA Thenod sets REES BER 24520 EEE A ES 37 7 4 1 Constraints for node sets 38 8 Customizing Dracula 39 8 1 Program Configuration te K K K K K KI K K KK KK KK 39 8 1 1 Structure of the Program Configuration file 39 8 2 Node Type Configuration Le ico det KI K KI ba Gale eae A 43 8 2 1 Structure of the Node Type Configuration file 43 8 3 Edge Group Configuration aa a 44 8 3 1 Structure of the Edge Group Configuration file 45 A Custom layouts Howto 47 A 1 How the mechanism works 47 A 2 Design guidelines for layouters XY ce K K te sm 47 A 3 Notes on the structure of the input and output files 48 A Example ad Pia Bl en AS AS e 48 graph masters E dracula 5th December 2003 8 48 5th December 2003 8 48 graph masters E dracula 1 Getting started In this chapter you will learn what Dracula is and what it is used for and how you begin working with it First we will discuss what Dracula allows you to do Then we show you how Dra
11. New Graph Name 1 Graph DefaultGraph z 2 Graph DefaultGraph v Node Configuration default node settings ncf N U Cancel Difference Intersection Union Figure 6 1 The Set Operation on Graphs dialog 6 1 2 Cloning Working Selections If you want to build a new graph on the basis of a subset of nodes from an already existing graph do the following first select the nodes you want to form the new graph as described in the last chapter When all the desired nodes are in the Working Selection click on the button Clone Selection in the toolbar of the Graph Window Or alternatively right click into the drawing area and choose the item Clone Selec tion from the popup menu A dialog will appear where you can specify the name of the new graph by typing it into the textfield there After you finished click on the button Ok and the new graph will be created 6 2 Controlling edge visibility As we mentioned before there are always all the edges between the nodes in a graphs that are in the IML graph too But they can either be visible or invisible i e dis played in the Graph Window or not Which edges are visible and which not can be controlled by you of course Unlike with nodes you are not able to show or hide sin gle edges but instead you define the visibility in terms of edge groups Such an edge group is a set of various edge types You can define your own edge groups what is described in more
12. Selection Click on the button New Selection in the toolbar of the Graph Window or right click in the drawing area and choose the menu item New Selection from the popup menu to open the Specify Selection dialog In this dialog enter the name of the new selection into the textfield and choose the desired color for the selection in the color chooser Be sure to use a name different from the names of the other Stored Selections of the same graph or you will get an error message When you have finished click on the button Ok to create the new Stored Selection 5 7 5 Editing and deleting Stored Selections If you want to change the name and or color of a Stored Selection select the desired Stored Selection in the listbox of the Graph Box and click the button Edit Selection The Specify Selection dialog appears with the current values for name and color of the selection Change it as you wish and click the button Ok to apply your changes to the Stored Selection A Stored Selection that is not used any more can be deleted by selecting it in the Graph Box and clicking on the button Delete Graph Selection This will delete the selection immediately so be careful graph masters dracula 5th December 2003 8 48 23 24 5 7 6 Transforming Stored Selections You can transform a Stored Selection into the Working Selection which means that the Working Selection includes all the nodes of the Stored S
13. detail in chapter 8 Now to make certain edge groups visible or invisible in a graph click the button Edge Visibility in the toolbox of the Graph Window or use the menu item Edge Visibility from the popup menu which appears when you click with the right mouse button into the drawing area while the mouse cursor is not above a node This will open the Edge Group Visibility dialog There are two listboxes Visible Edge Groups and Available Edge Groups Only those edge groups that are in the visible list are shown in the Graph Window The available list shows all edge groups that are defined in the current Edge Configuration You can add groups from the available list to the visible list to make these edge groups visible too To 5th December 2003 8 48 graph masters E dracula do that select the desired edge groups in the available list and click on the button Add If you want groups to become invisible you can remove them from the vis ible list by first selecting them there and clicking the button Remove afterwards After you made your changes click on the button Ok Add Edge Group Visibility I Ce Visible Edge Groups Available Edge Groups Default Default Syntactical Semantic Syntactical Ok Cancel Remove Figure 6 2 The Edge Group Visibility dialog 6 3 Using filters Filters are a powerful tool in Dracula They allow y
14. for the nodes for the graph The layouter writes the graph together with the layout information back into a file called the output file whose name is also given as command line pa rameter The format for the file is again the Dot format Then the layouter is closed Dracula parses the output file and adjusts the node positions of all the nodes in the graph according to the information in the file A 2 Design guidelines for layouters Now that you know how the mechanism works it is easy to understand which con ventions a layouter has to comply to to work together with Dracula e It must be fully controllable by command line parameters no graphical user interface and may not ask for user input while executing It must provide at least two parameters one for the name and path of the input file and one for the name and path of the ouput file e It must be able to read and write files in the Dot Format And of course it must graph masters dracula be able to parse the Dot Format See also the next section for more details about how the input and output files should look like 5th December 2003 8 48 47 48 e If an error occurs during operation it must return an error code to the operating system so that Dracula can realize that the layout could not be generated A 3 Notes on the structure of the input and output files Dracula includes a full featured parser for the Dot format But for the cus
15. of 23 with maxdepth 10 shows all predecessors of node with IML node id 23 of graph MyGraph of maximum depth 10 e show all succs in MyGraph of 23 with maxdepth 10 shows all successors of node with IML node id 23 of graph MyGraph of max imum depth 10 e unmark nodes in MyGraph imlnodes where unmarks nodes in graph MyGraph for which the constraint where matches e umark all nodes globally unmarks all nodes 7 4 The node sets Generally there are 2 ways of specifying node sets The first one is the enumeration of node ids show nodes in OurGraph 2 3 5 7 11 13 The second type is using the key word imlnodes mark nodes in MyGraph imlnodes globally marks all nodes which are in MyGraph Any node set can once be limited by the key work where and a following constraint For further information simply regard 7 4 1 As mentioned in the examples above imInodes stands for all nodes of the currently loaded project Whenever specifying graph nodes a certain subset of nodes of a cer tain graph only nodes of the graph regarded Le nodes also having certain attributes which are not nodes of a specific graph are not considered E g the query delete graph masters E dracula 5th December 2003 8 48 37 38 nodes in MyGraph 1 2 3 does not consider the node with ID 3 if graph MyGraph does not contain this node 7 4 1 Constraints for node sets You can filter a given node set by certain co
16. they will first be added to it But if they are hidden again they will not be removed automatically Second the node which you clicked on will never be hidden by these operations even if there is a cycle in the graph which leads back to the node i e the node is its own predecessor and successor at the same time graph masters E dracula 5th December 2003 8 48 25 26 5th December 2003 8 48 graph masters 5 dracula 6 Advanced graph operations In this chapter we will discuss some other operations that can be carried out on graphs 6 1 Building new graphs from existing ones Sometimes it is useful to not create a graph from scratch using a script command but instead build a new graph on the basis of one or more existing graphs Dracula pro vides different methods for fulfilling this task You may merge two graphs together and build the union intersection or difference of the nodes in both graphs Moreover you can take a subset of the nodes of one graph and build a new graph including exactly those nodes 6 1 1 Merging graphs union intersection difference Two graphs can be merged together to form a new graph in the following ways e Union The new graph will include all the nodes of the first graph and all the nodes of the second graph The nodes that both graphs have in common will of cource only be included once in the new graph e Intersection The new graph will include exactly the nodes that the first and seco
17. value 11 mark all nodes globally marks all IML nodes open project projects tough_project dpf Opens a project file tough_project which is found in projects open window of Testgraph opens the window of the graph with name Testgraph save project overwrites the project file the project was loaded resp saved before save project file dpf saves the currently opened project into the file with name file select nodes in MyGraph imlnodes selects all nodes in graph MyGraph set graphname from OldName to NewName changes the graph name from OldName to NewName set selectionname in Mygraph from OldSelection to NewSelection changes the name of selection OldSelection of graph MyGraph to NewSelec tion set selectioncolor in Mygraph of MySelection to 456789 changes the color of selection MySelection of graph MyGraph to 456789 5th December 2003 8 48 graph masters dracula e set annotation This node is so nice of 23 sets the annotation of node 23 to This node is so nice e set workingselection in MyGraph to MySel sets the selection MySel as the working selection of graph MyGraph e show nodes in MyGraph imlnodes shows all nodes of MyGraph e show source of 23 opens an editor and shows the corresponding source code of the nodes with IML node id 23 e show all nodes in MyGraph shows all nodes of graph MyGraph e show all pres in MyGraph
18. R By av v Deselect All Mark All a y gt lt Close Unmark All Select Deselect Mark Unmark Show Hide Figure 6 3 The Filter dialog their type Next choose the desired attribute from the combobox Attribute Name again the item lt ALL gt here means that the concrete type of the attribute is unim portant Finally type the value the selected attribute should have into the textfield Now execute the desired operation by clicking on one of the buttons Show Hide Select Deselect Mark or Unmark Note that the dialog stays open after ex ecuting the operation so you can directly execute another one with the same filter If you have finished click the button Close to close the dialog 6 3 2 Predefined Filters A Predefined Filter as the name suggests is a filter that is not defined at runtime like a Simple Filter It is rather defined as part of the Program Config refer to chapter 8 for details and allows you to use this filter as often as you wish without always have to define the characteristics of the filter again Predefined Filters can also be more complex than Simple Filters since they are denoted in the DSL see next chapter Predefined Filters can be used similar to Simple Filters first click the button Filter in the toolbar of the Graph Window or right click in the drawing area and choose the item Filter from the popup menu In the upcoming
19. User Manual Dracula Revision 1 6 graph masters Bernd Stefan Jochen Stefan Matthias Tim Albert Dudzik Einhorn G ller Hub Sch nleber 5th December 2003 Contents 1 Getting started 7 ll Whatis Dracula a acy akar i dn Ka hae ad a an Mar 7 1 2 Starting Draculan a5 c n nn Sale den doive Bode A 7 1 2 1 Command line options X 2 An 8 2 Installation 9 2 1 System requirements a qn aap esa KK K K K K K K K K K K K KK KK KK 2 2 Install from binary package 2 28 2 2 ara 9 2 3 Install from source code emita dedans KE K K KI AA AAA 10 3 The Dracula user interface 11 Sale The Main Console pes pren Gan d e he that di ee Beta deu 12 9 2 Me E DOK d karens ee a a a ae r l n k d n 12 32 The Analyzer a atts ne ee memes Done pen 12 3 4 The Graph Windows 4 2 2 5 8 2 na Be Soe KI K CRE K KI KK KK KK KK 13 4 Working with projects 15 4 1 Creating a new project u a KK KK K K K K K K K K K K KI K KK KK 15 42 Loading Project E dorer a See BFR orne ed 15 43 Saving a project s ARAS EAS A A 16 5 Working with graphs 17 Sl The Default Graph 140 A 2 Aw A arte 17 5 27 Creatine Mew graphs ss qc xa Mr ee mt 17 5 3 Renaming and deleting graphs draus are area nen 18 5 4 Exploring graphs 4d ADA 2 9 HD K K K KI KK DA KK 18 FAT Scrolling ie lt y Aa a Ser x a Ben a lk n l k a 19 SA 2 OO oa nier har Ga pad a d kar qe axay amp au
20. all IML nodes Option ally uses the config file configfile e delete nodes in MyGraph 1 2 4 5 deletes nodes with ids 1 2 4 and 5 if they occur in the graph with name My Graph e delete graph Testgraph deletes the graph with name Testgraph e delete selection MySel in MyGraph deletes selection with name MySel of graph with name MyGraph e delete selectednodes in MyGraph deletes all nodes of graph MyGraph which are currently selected e deselect nodes in MyGraph imlnodes where deselects all those nodes in MyGraph that match the constraint after where e exit exits Dracula e export graph MyGraph to MyPsFile exports the graph with name MyGraph to postscript file MyPsFile graph masters dracula 5th December 2003 8 48 35 36 hide nodes in MyGraph 1 2 4343 432 777 hides nodes with iml node id 1 2 4343 432 777 of graph MyGraph hide all nodes in MyGraph hides all nodes of graph MyGraph hide all pres in MyGraph of 23 with maxdepth 10 hides all predecessors of node with IML node id 23 of graph MyGraph of maximum depth 10 hide all succs in MyGraph of 23 with maxdepth 10 hides all successors of node with IML node id 23 of graph MyGraph of maxi mum depth 10 mark nodes in MyGraph 617 619 where attribute Line VELIS mark the two nodes which have as IML node id the two primes 617 and 619 and only if they have the attribute type Line and as
21. aved ones More about projects can be found in the next chapter The window contains a main menu where various actions can be triggered and a toolbar below it which provides buttons to serve as shortcuts to the most important functions Below the toolbar you will find a scrollable list where all actions you have done so far are logged In the titlebar of the Main Console the filename of the current project is shown To exit Dracula click on the menu Project and choose the item Exit If you want to show the online help click on Help Manual This will open the web browser defined in the Program Config see chapter 8 for details showing this manual The other menu items and the functions of the other buttons will be explained later praca P si gt amp Main menu Project Help New 1 amp RN Query Project cripting commends Save Open New Project created Project Project Log 3 es Figure 3 2 The Main Console 3 2 The Graph Box The Graph Box gives an overview of all the graphs that are part of the current project and allows executing differen operations on them The listbox in the the Graph Box contains these graphs or better their names as items The eye symbol before a graph name indicates whether the graph is currently displayed on screen in a Graph Window If it is crossed then the graph is currently not shown A click with the left mouse button on the eye symbol switche
22. chapter 5 But before you can start working with graphs you will first have to create or load a project 4 1 Creating a new project To create a new project i e load a new IML graph you can either click on the item Project of the main menu in the Main Console and choose the item New or you can use the toolbutton New Project instead Afterwards a file chooser dialog is displayed where you can choose the IML file where the IML graph is contained in A click on the button Ok will then load the IML graph While loading a window is displayed which shows you the progress i e how many nodes have been read so far Depending on the graph s size this may take a while so be patient After the IML graph was successfully loaded a Graph Window is opened showing the Default Graph If something goes wrong while loading the IML graph e g the file you have chosen is not a valid IML File Dracula while give you an error message telling you what the problem is Please note also that there can only be one project openend at any time in Dracula So if you create a new one without saving an already existing one you will loose all changes made so far in the existing project 4 2 Loading a project If you want to load a previously saved project either choose the menu item Project Open of the main menu in the Main Console or click the button Open Project in the tool bar instead Then a file chooser dialog is displa
23. created you can change its name in the following way select the graph to rename in the listbox of the Graph Box and then click the button Rename Graph A dialog with an edit field appears where you can type in the new name After you press the Ok button the graph will be renamed to the name you specified except when there is already another graph with the same name in which case you get an error message When the time comes that you no longer need a particular graph you may delete it To do that select the graph in the listbox of the Graph Box and click on the button Delete Graph Selection Be careful because Dracula will not ask you to confirm but delete the selected graph immediately 5 4 Exploring graphs Graphs could get very big although you should limit their size as discussed before This means that a graph normally cannot be displayed completely in the drawing area of its Graph Window Most of the graph will lie outside of the visible area To see the other parts of the graph you may scroll the drawing area Or you may zoom into or out of the graph too see more details or to get a better overview of it 5th December 2003 8 48 graph masters dracula 5 4 1 Scrolling Scrolling can be done in three different ways The first one is by using the scrollbars next to and below the drawing area in the graph window The vertical bar will scroll the drawing area vertically while the horizontal bar will scroll it horizonta
24. ct printing function Instead to handle these tasks Dracula provides exporting facilities for graphs At the moment only the postscript format is supported To export a graph into a postscript file click the button Postscript Export in the toolbar of the Graph Window or choose the item Postscript Export in the popup menu that is displayed when clicking with the right mouse button into the drawing area In the file chooser dialog that is shown then define the desired filename and click the button Ok to export the graph into the file Note that the graph is exported as it is currently displayed on screen except for highlightings from selections and markings and annotation symbols graph masters E dracula 5th December 2003 8 48 31 32 5th December 2003 8 48 graph masters 5 dracula 7 Usage of the Dracula Scripting Language DSL This section describes the Dracula Scripting Language DSL and shows several ex ample queries and is a less formal description of the grammar which can found in the ayacc file src cou parser dsl y 7 4 Loading a scripting file and how it is parsed When starting Dracula a scripting file can be executed optionally In order to do so simply run dracula lt path of the scripting file gt Note that the name of the scripting file must possess the suffix dsl For more information concerning parameters of dracula please take a look at section 1 2 1 If you specify a scripting file
25. ctioncolor show source successors true to unmark union using where window with workingselection zoom Too the following characters represent key words Ke nde ear ont ele Gr Lo Ur Furthermore a string literal from now on abbreviated by SL is described by the following regular expression A Za z0 9 _ The following list is a 7 3 The commands and examples for them This section lists every command DSL currently supplies Note that key words are written in bold and optional parts are written in angular paranthesis At least key words do not have to be case sensitive but paths of files imlnodes can always be replaced by a different query string that represents a set of nodes You can re strict a set of nodes by using the where clause For further details simply regard src cou parser dsl y e apply layout Tree to Imlgraph applies the layout Tree to the graph with name Imlgraph e clone selected nodes from Testgraph to Mygraph Creates a new graph with name Mygraph which contains all nodes in the working selection and all induced visible graph edges e close window of Testgraph closes the window of the graph with name Testgraph e create project from iml_doc src a out using configs default program settings dcf creates a new project using the iml file a out which is situated in path iml_doc src and optionally uses the Dracula config file default program s
26. cula is started and which options you have when starting it 1 1 What is Dracula As of the name Dracula you may expect that this program must have something to do with vampires It does not Maybe it would sometimes be a horror to work with it but hopefully not So what is Dracula then Dracula is a system to visualize an IML graph which was created using the tools from the Bauhaus Project developed at the University of Stuttgart Such an IML graph is an intermediate representation of the sourcecode of a certain software system Here is a short overview of the functions Dracula provides e creating subgraphs called graphs of an IML graph which can be viewed on screen e many tools to explore those graphs like scrolling zooming etc and manipu lating them e g hiding or adding certain nodes etc e full control over the layout and the appearance of nodes and edges in the graphs e a powerful scripting language the DSL for executing all functions of the sys tem by script commands e and much more You may ask how the hell did they come to this strange name Dracula Ok let us try to explain it The word graph which Dracula is all about as you know already sounds very similar to the german word Graf And Graf is the german word for count Now one of the most famous counts is of course count Dracula so this name was chosen for the system 1 2 Starting Dracula You may think t
27. e This will compile the source code If done type make install which will create a new directory called dracula inside the current directory which contains all necessary files and directory structure for Dracula 5th December 2003 8 48 graph masters E dracula 3 The Dracula user interface Dracula provides a graphical user interface consisting of multiple windows After starting Dracula at least three windows appear on the screen like shown in figure 3 1 These are the Main Console the Graph Box and the Analyzer which will be briefly discussed in the following sections The Graph Window which finally displays a graph on screen is also explained What we leave out here are various dialog windows These will be described later in conjunction with the operations they are used for It is assumed here that you the reader have basic knowledge about computers and know how to work with graphical window based user interfaces So we will not discuss here how to turn on your computer or what a mouse is Dracula Projectl dpf Project Help Attribute Value Sah Scripting Commands LB RES k de n Figure 3 1 After Dracula has been started graph masters dracula 5th December 2003 8 48 11 12 3 1 The Main Console The Main Console is one of the most important windows in Dracula It is used to create new projects save them or load previously s
28. e graphs on screen and therefore will be the windows you work with most of the time Each Graph window displays exactly one graph The name of the graph is displayed in the titlebar of the Graph Window A Graph Window contains a toolbar on the left side of the window and a statusbar on the bottom The rest of the window is used by a drawing area where the graph is visualized Left and below this area are two scrollbars that allow to scroll the contents of the drawing area since the whole graph may be greater than what fits into the visible area A click with the right mouse button into the drawing area will display apopup menu which allows you to perform different actions on the graph If the mouse cursor is above anode another popup menu willbe displayed with items that perform actions on this node only The button Show Hide Toolbar allows you to hide the toolbar to leave more space for the drawing area which will be automatically resized If the toolbar is hidden a click on this button will show it again The statusbar at the bottom of the window shows you some important information like how many nodes there are in the graph how many of them are currently visible how many nodes are in the Working Selection and how many are currently marked Details about the functions of the toolbuttons and menu items and the possibilities graph masters E dracula 5th December 2003 8 48 13 the drawing area provides are explained in later chapters
29. election and only them afterwards This works as follows choose the appropriate Stored Selection in the Graph Box and click the button Transform Selection The transformation will not destroy the Stored Selection 5 8 Markings Markings are another way to group and highlight nodes What distinguishes them from selections is that there are no operations that work specifically on them but more important that they are defined project wide instead of graph wide That means that if a node is marked in one graph the same node is automatically marked in all other graphs of the project too So we can say that there is always at most one marking in a project Marked nodes are decorated by a little green flag above the upper right corner 5 8 1 Marking and unmarking nodes Marking or unmarking nodes is normally done with the Mark Cursor To use it click the button Mark Cursor in the toolbox of the Graph Window or press the key m instead A left click on a node will then add it to the marking or remove it if it is already marked You can also draw up a rectangle to add more than one node at once to the marking Just press the left mouse button when the cursor is over the space between the nodes and hold it Then move the mouse to draw up the rectangle around the nodes you wish to mark As soon as you release the mouse button all nodes that lie completely inside the rectangle will be added to the marking To mark or unmark all nodes at
30. ent which must be included inside lt BACKGROUND gt lt COLOR gt Tag lt COLOR RED FF GREEN FF BLUE FF gt Level Inside lt BACKGOUND gt Optional No Description Defines a color The color is described by its red green and blue components which are given by the three attributes RED GREEN and BLUE Each attribute takes a two digit hexadecimal number 00 FF lt COMMAND gt Tag lt COMMAND gt lt COMMAND gt Level Inside lt ITEM gt Optional No Description Defines a script command The command itself is given by the text between the start and the end tag lt CUSTOM_LAYOUTS gt Tag lt CUSTOM_LAYOUTS gt lt CUSTOM_LAYOUTS gt Level Inside lt PROGRAM_SETTINGS gt Optional No Description Defines external custom layouts The different layouts itself are defined by the lt LAYOUT gt elements which are included inside lt CUSTOM_LAYOUTS gt lt EDGE_GROUP_CONFIG_FILE gt Tag lt EDGE_GROUP_CONFIG_FILE NAME my edge groups ecf gt Level Inside lt PROGRAM_SETTINGS gt Optional No Description Defines the filename of the Edge Group Config file The path which must be specified relative to the path of the Program Configuration file and filename is specified by the attribute NAME 40 5th December 2003 8 48 graph masters E dracula lt EDITOR gt
31. es of different nodes graph masters E dracula 5th December 2003 8 48 21 22 5 6 2 The Info cursor Another way to get the attributes of nodes is the Info Cursor which works a bit dif ferent than the former method To use it click the button Info Cursor in the toolbar of the Graph Window or press the key i When you move the mouse above the drawing area you will notice the mouse cursor changing to some king of question mark If you left click on a node with the Info Cursor the attributes of that node are displayed in the Analyzer and stay there until you click on another node To leave the Info Cursor mode again click the button Standard Cursor or press the key d 5 6 3 Showing the sourcecode You are also able to view the sourcecode corresponding to a particular node pro vided that the node has a corresponding line in the sourcecode i e it is not artificial and the sourcecode can be located Since the filename of the sourcecode file is got from an attribute Filename of a node the sourcecode must be in the same place as it was when the IML graph was created To show the sourcecode of a node right click on it and choose the item Show sourcecode from the popup menu If the above preconditions are met then an editor which one is controlled by the Program Con fig see chapter 8 is started showing the exact position in the sourcecode file that corresponds to the node 5 7 Selections Se
32. etely contained in the rectangle are added to the Working Selection A fast way to select or deselect all nodes of a graph at once is right clicking in the drawing area not on a node and choosing the menu items Select all or Deselect all from the popup menu 5 7 3 Stored Selections Stored Selections are different from the Working Selection in that there can be more than one Stored Selection per graph and you normally do not operate on them di rectly Think of them as a kind of saved Working Selection because you can create a Stored Selection out of the Working Selection Then you may modify the Working Selection and if you want to get the original Working Selection back you may trans form the Stored Selection back to the Working Selection Since you can assign each Stored Selection its own color and name it is a great tool for building groups of nodes to show that they belong together If a node belongs to a Stored Selection it gets high lighted with a border around it in the color defined for the selection Of course a node can belong to as many Stored Selections as you wish Which Stored Selections there are defined in a graph can be seen in the listbox of the Graph Box where the Stored Selections are displayed with their name and color as subitems beneath the graphs 5 7 4 Creating new Stored Selections To create a Stored Selection you need a Working Selection first because the Stored Selection is formed out of the Working
33. ettings dcf which can be found in configs e create selection MySel in Testgraph with imlnodes where attribute Is_Mutable FALSE attribute Line gt 5 AA52C2 3 5th December 2003 8 48 graph masters dracula creates a new selection with name MySel and color AA52C containing those nodes of graph Testgraph which have as attribute Is_Mutable and as value of this existing attribute type FALSE or have a the attribute Line and as a correspondig value a value that is greater than 5 Note that currently only the attribute type Line has the following comparison types besides lt lt Dr e create union of GraphOne and GraphTwo NewGraphName using configfile creates a new graph with name NewGraphName which is the union of Gra phOne and GraphTwo Optionally a config file configfile can be used e create difference of GraphOne and GraphTwo NewGraphName using configfile creates a new graph with name NewGraphName which is the difference of GraphOne and GraphTwo Optionally a config file configfile can be used e create intersection of GraphOne and GraphTwo NewGraph Name using configfile creates a new graph with name NewGraphName which is the intersection of GraphOne and GraphTwo Optionally a config file configfile can be used e create graph NewGraph with imlnodes using configfile creates a new graph with name NewGraph containing
34. f just hiding a node it can also be completely removed from the graph This can be achieved by right clicking on the node and choosing the menu item Delete Node from the popup menu It is also possible to remove all the nodes in the current Working Selection at once by either right clicking in the drawing area of the Graph Window and choosing the item Delete Selected Nodes in the popup menu or by clicking the button Delete Selected Nodes in the toolbar Deleted nodes cannot be reintroduced into the graph by the Show All operation explained before 5 9 3 Predecessors amp successors Dracula allows you to show or hide all predecessors or successors of a node at once Click on the node with the right mouse button and choose the item Predecessors Successors from the popup menu that appears This will open the Predecessors Successors dialog There you first have to specify how many edges to follow to get the predecessors or successors Enter the desired number into the textfield Layer Now you choose the operation you want to carry out When you want to show pre decessors click the button Show Predecessor else if you want to hide predecessors click the button Hide Predecessor The same works for successors by clicking on the button Show successor or Hide successor buttons Two important remarks first if the successors or predecessors to be shown are not already part of the graph
35. finally displayed Dracula is not intended to work this way and of course you will be completly lost in a graph with millions of nodes and even more edges So always try to restrict the create graph command to a small subset of the nodes of the original IML graph Chapter 7 de scribes how you can do this When creating a graph this way you also have the option to choose a Node Con figuration to be used with the new graph If you do not explicitly specify a Node Configuration for the graph Dracula uses a default one The Node Configuration tells Dracula how to draw the nodes of that graph in the Graph Window To be more specific it sets the colors of the nodes their icons and the attributes to be displayed inside the nodes For more details about the Node Configuration refer to chapter 8 To create a graph with your own Node Configuration you have to tell Dracula which Node Configuration file it should use like in the following command create graph MyGraph with imlnodes using mynodeconfig ncf This command would create a graph named MyGraph which contains all nodes of the current IML graph Moreover it would use the Node Configuration stored in the file mynodeconfig ncf in the current path instead the default Node Configura tion as in the example above Please notify that once you have created a graph you cannot change its Node Configuration afterwards 5 3 Renaming and deleting graphs After a graph has been
36. gt Inside lt CUSTOM_LAYOUTS gt Yes Defines a certain custom layout The attribute EX ECUTE specifies the command to start the external layout program Inside the command you must use two special variables to define where the filename of the input file and the output file should be placed in the command For the input file s name insert in file and for the output file s name use outfile All occurences of these special variables are substituted by their correct values before the command is exe cuted 5th December 2003 8 48 graph masters 9 dracula Tag lt POPUP_MENUS gt lt POPUP_MENUS gt Level Inside lt PROGRAM_SETTINGS gt Optional No Description Defines custom popup menu items for the popup menu of the Graph Window The menu items it self are defined by lt ITEM gt elements included inside lt POPUP_MENUS gt 8 2 Node Type Configuration The node type configuration includes all parameters related to the graphical appear ance of nodes These parameters are defined for each node type thus the appearance of a node in Dracula is controlled by its type Among these parameters that can be adjusted are e the node s color e the node s icon e and the list of attributes which should be displayed inside the node The node type configuration is controlled by a Node Type Configuration file exten sion ncf which is loaded as soon as a new graph is crea
37. hat starting Dracula should be a simple task and indeed it is Just change into the directory where Dracula was installed to and type graph masters E dracula 5th December 2003 8 48 dracula into your console and you should see some windows appearing on the screen pro vided that Dracula was correctly installed and your system meets the minimum re quirements Besides simply starting Dracula this way you may also provide some command line options which will be described in the following section 1 2 1 Command line options There are four optional command line parameters you may specify when starting Dracula dracula config file project file scripting file v 0 4 e Paramter config file If you do not want the default Program Configuration to be used you may provide the path and filename to another one here Important note the suffix of the configuration file must be dcf or it will not be correctly recognized as a Program Configuration file by Dracula More about configuration files and customization of Dracula can be found in chapter 8 e Parameter project file You can directly load a previously saved project when starting dracula by specifying the path and filename of the project file on the command line Important note the suffix of the configuration file must be dpf or it will not be correctly recognized as a project file by Dracula You will learn more about projects in chapter 4
38. he popup menu which appears when clicking with the right mouse button in the drawing area Then a dialog is shown which allows you to choose one of the avail able custom layouts which custom layouts exist is defined in the Program Config see chapter for details Choose the desired layout by selecting it in the combobox of the dialog and click on the button Ok After a short while the graph is updated to the new layout Otherwise if something goes wrong you will get an error message 5 6 Getting information about nodes As you may already know the nodes in Dracula are not just simply nodes but repre sent some part of the sourcecode of a particular software system Each node normally has attributes attached to it which provide some additional information besides the type of the node Some of these attributes may be displayed right inside the node s body in the Graph Window Dracula provides some facilities to view the attributes of a node all at once and to show the sourcecode corresponding to a node 5 6 1 Showing attributes To show the attributes of a certain node in a separate window right click on the node and choose the item Attributes from the popup menu A new window similar to the Analyzer will appear which shows you all attributes of the node and their values Note that this window will stay on screen until you click the x button in the window s titlebar This allows you to easily compare the attribut
39. her Informations about selections and creating a Working Selection can be found later in this chapter 5 5 2 Builtin layouts Creating a manual layout by moving single nodes is a time consuming task espe cially with greater graphs Therefore Dracula provides a way to automatically posi tion all the nodes in a graph at once Three such layouts called builtin layouts are integrated in Dracula the Grid Layout the Circle Layout and the Tree Layout The Grid Layout is the standard layout a graph has after it is created The nodes are aligned in columns and edges To apply the Grid Layout to a graph simply click on the button Grid Layout in the toolbox of the Graph Window or right click the cur sor must not be above a node into the drawing area and select Layout Grid from the popup menu The Circle Layout positions all nodes on a circular path The size of the circle depends on the amount of nodes and their size So it is only useful for smaller graphs To ap ply the Circle Layout click on the button Circle Layout in the toolbox of the Graph Window or click with the right mouse button into the drawing area and choose the menu item Layout Circle from the popup menu The third builtin layout is the Tree Layout It positions the nodes of the graph in a tree like manner Normally this layout would work best with graphs that are in fact trees But it will work also with other graphs that contain circles for example
40. ifies the name of the edge type as used in the IML lt EDGE_TYPES gt lt EDGE_TYPES gt Inside lt GROUP gt No Defines a set of edge types Each lt EDGE gt element in cluded inside lt EDGE_TYPES gt specifies such an edge type 5th December 2003 8 48 45 46 lt GROUP gt Tag Level Optional Description lt GROUP NAME Default gt lt GROUP gt Inside lt EDGE_GROUPS gt Yes Defines an edge group The attribute NAME spec ifies the name as shown in the Edge Visibility dia log The visual settings for the group are specified in lt LINE gt edge s line style and lt COLOR gt edge s color elements The grouped edge types are defined inside a lt EDGE_TYPES gt element 5th December 2003 8 48 graph masters E dracula A Custom layouts Howto A 1 How the mechanism works When the user applies a custom layout to a graph the following steps are carried out 1 Dracula writes the contents of the graph i e the nodes and edges into a file in the Dot format called the input file Dracula executes the command defined in the Program Config for the desired custom layout The executed external program called the layouter from now on reads the input file given as a command line parameter and interprets it to know how the graph looks like The layouter then calculates an appropriate layout i e positions
41. ld look like in this exam ple N18 gt N20 pos 1477 242 1477 242 2877 447 2877 447 In the output file Dracula searches for the node definitions and only reads the value of the pos attribute All other attributes are ignored Edge definitions are also completely ignored because in Dracula edges are always layouted straight from the center of the start node to the center of the target node So the layouter must create a correct Dot File that includes node definitions with the identifiers from the nodes of the input file and the pos attribute in the attribute list with the new node position based on Draculas coordinate system for the node All other contents are ignored by Dracula A 4 Example This example shows how to use the graph layout program Dot which is part of the Graphviz package as a layouter for a custom layout in Dracula Dot produces very nice and clear layouts and uses a sophisticated layout algorithm For more in 5th December 2003 8 48 graph masters dracula formation about Graphviz and Dot go to http www research att com sw tools graphviz We assume here that you have already installed Dot on your system To use it in conjunction with Dracula you only have to modify your Program Configuration Insert the following entry in the lt CUSTOM_LAYOUTS gt section of the Program Con figuration file lt LAYOUT NAME Dot Layout EXECUTE dot y o Sou
42. lections allow you to define groups of nodes either to execute some special func tion on all nodes of the group like moving all together as shown earlier in this chap ter or just to indicate that they belong together Dracula distinguishes between two types of selections the Working Selection and the Stored Selections Selections are defined graph wide which means that different graphs have different independent selections 5 7 1 The Working Selection In each graph exists at most one so called Working Selection A node that belongs to the Working Selection is highlighted with a red border around it There are also some functions in Dracula which operate exclusively on the Working Selection 5 7 2 Selecting and deselecting nodes To define the Working Selection and to add or remove nodes from it you may use the Select Cursor To get it click on the button Select Cursor in the toolbar of the Graph Window or press the key s instead If you left click on a node with the Select Cursor enabled the node will be added to the Working Selection If it already belongs to the Working Selection it will be excluded from it Another possibility is selecting nodes by drawing up a rectangle with the Select Cursor Just left click on the 5th December 2003 8 48 graph masters E dracula space between the nodes and hold the mouse button Then move the mouse to draw up the rectangle When you release the mouse button all nodes that are compl
43. lly as you may have already guessed The indicators in the bars show you how much of the graph is currently displayed in the drawing area and which position you currently look at To scroll you can either drag amp drop the indicators to a new position or click on the arrows in the scrollbars to move a step into the desired direction Another way to scroll the graph is the Hand Cursor To activate it either use the button Hand Cursor in the toolbar of the Graph Window or press the key h Then move the mouse cursor above the drawing area you will notice that it changes to a little hand and press the left mouse button and hold it Now when you drag the mouse around the drawing area will be scrolled into the direction you move the mouse to To leave the Hand Cursor mode press the Standard Cursor button or press the key d The third possibility to scroll is the Minimap which will be explained below 5 4 2 Zooming Sometimes you want to get a better overview of the graph or you want to see more details This can be achieved by zooming out of or into the graph To zoom into it click the button Zoom in in the toolbar of the Graph Window or right click into the drawing area be sure that the mouse cursor is not above a node and choose the menu item Zoom Zoom In in the popup menu To zoom out of the graph instead click the button Zoom out in the toolbar or right click into the drawing area again the mouse cu
44. nd graph have in common and nothing else e Difference The new graph will include all the nodes of the first graph except those that are also in the second graph Note that these so called set operations only affect the nodes There are always all edges of the IML graph in the graphs even if you build the difference for example maybe they are not all visible but we will come back to this case soon Now to build the union intersection or difference of two graphs click on the button Set Operation in the Graph Box The dialog Set Operation on Graphs will be dis played Here you have to define the name the new graph should get and which two graphs should be merged together and in what way to form the new graph First type the new name into the textfield labeled New Graph Name Then choose the first and the second graph in the two comboboxes 1 Graph and 2 Graph Optionally you can also specify the Node Configuration to be used in the new graph To do this type the name of the Node Configuration file with full path into the textfield Node graph masters dracula 5th December 2003 8 48 27 28 Configuration If you want to use the default Node Configuration just make sure that the textfield is empty Finally press one of the three buttons Union Intersec tion or Difference according to the operation you want to carry out Set Operation on Graphs J Qe Set Operation Settings
45. ng the button Ok the project will be saved under the given filename Note since Dracula is software and software is never entirely bug free you should keep to the simple rule Save often save much to minimize the risk of loosing all your work done so far 5th December 2003 8 48 graph masters dracula 5 Working with graphs As you may already know graphs are possibly the most important objects in Dracula A graph is simply a user defined subset of all the nodes and edges of the IML graph in the current project You can define as many different graphs as you wish you are only limited by your system s memory Each graph has its own unique name and is displayed in its own Graph Window where you can explore or manipulate it in many ways In this chapter you will learn the basic operations on graphs you will need most of the time when working with Dracula More advanced which does not necessarily mean more complex operations that you may not need in your all day work are described in the next chapter 5 1 The Default Graph After creating a new project Dracula automatically creates a graph called the Default Graph The Default Graph contains exactly one node of type System You can immediately start work with this basic graph 5 2 Creating new graphs Maybe you do not want to work with the Default Graph Dracula automatically cre ates for you but instead you want to create your own graphs possibly with other
46. nstraints mark nodes in MyGraph 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 where attribute Is_Mutable false id 7 amp attribute Node Type Routine marks those nodes you intuitively expect to be marked Too you can put the where clause after a set 123 3 777 for instance A predicate can be of the forms 1 attribute lt attribute_type gt lt attribute_value gt 2 id lt id_value gt In addition to equality DSL also supports the lt and gt relations only for attribute predicates if it is reasonable If the relation is not supported the relation is empty i e the value is always false E g the attribute type Sloc supports lt and gt 5th December 2003 8 48 graph masters E dracula 8 Customizing Dracula Dracula is a highly customizable tool You may adjust the appearance of nodes and edges define edge groups add your own filters create predefined DSL scripts at tached to popup menu items and much more This flexible behavior of Dracula is controlled by a set of three different configuration files which will be described in detail in this chapter The configuration files have a XML based format so be careful to always keep them consistent with the rules of the XML standard and the structure described here or Dracula will fail to start The element descriptions in this chapter always consist of four parts Tag specifies the tags which form the element Level describes inside which other elemen
47. olor of edges e the line style for an edge The edge type configuration is controlled by a Edge Type Configuration file exten sion ecf which is loaded once when Dracula is started The path and name of the file are specified in the Program Config file 8 3 1 Structure of the Edge Group Configuration file The body of the Edge Group Configuration File has to be enclosed in lt EDGE_GROUPS gt CE DGE_GROUPS gt which is the topmost element It is important that there is al ways an element lt GROUP gt with its attribute TYPE set to Default included in the body This element describes the settings for all edges that are not included in another lt GROUP gt element in the Edge Group Configuration file The following elements are used inside the Edge Group Configuration file lt COLOR gt Tag Level Optional Description lt EDGE gt Tag Level Optional Description lt EDGE_TYPES gt Tag Level Optional Description graph masters dracula lt COLOR RED FF GREEN 007 BLUE 00 gt Inside lt GROUP gt No Defines a color The color is described by its red green and blue components which are given by the three attributes RED GREEN and BLUE Each attribute takes a two digit hexadecimal number 00 FF lt EDGE TYPE Assignment LHS gt Inside lt EDGE_TYPES gt Yes Defines an edge type The attribute TYPE spec
48. once right click into the drawing area and choose the item Mark all or Unmark all from the popup menu 5 9 Modifying a graph Until now we did only change the graphical representation of the graph but we never changed the graph s contents itself after it was created Which facilities Dracula pro vides to change the contents of the graph are discussed here In general you are able to hide or show certain nodes in the graph or to add or delete nodes Note that this distinguishment is more a formal one Whether you just hide a node or delete it will have the same visual effects in both cases the node will not be displayed in the Graph Window any more The usage of filters to show and hide nodes is explained in the next chapter 5th December 2003 8 48 graph masters E dracula 5 9 1 Showing amp hiding nodes To hide a node click on it with the right mouse button In the popup menu appearing choose the item Hide Node to make the node and all edges attached to it invisible Remember that a hidden node still belongs to the graph you just can not see it This can be realized easily when applying one of the builtin layouts for example You will notice that you get holes in these layouts where the hidden nodes would normally been placed To make all hidden nodes visible again right click into the drawing area of the Graph Window and select the item Show All from the popup menu 5 9 2 Deleting nodes Instead o
49. ou to carry out operations on nodes dependent on which type they are of or which values one or more of their attributes have Therefore a filter describes a subset of nodes that are of a certain type and or have specific attributes with specific values Operations which can be use in conjunction with filters are showing and hiding selecting and deselecting or marking and unmarking nodes Two types of filters are to be distinguished in Dracula Simple Filters and Predefined Filters 6 3 1 Simple Filters A Simple Filter is a combination of a node type an attribute and a value for that at tribute The filter therefore covers all nodes that are of the defined type and have the given attribute with the given value To execute an operation based on a Simple Filter click the button Filter in the tool box of the Graph Window or choose the item Filter from the popup menu that is displayed when right clicking in the drawing area The Filter dialog will be opened Be sure to choose the page Simple Filter To define the filter first choose the node type the nodes should have by selecting it from the combobox Type The item lt ALL gt in the combobox is a special one which means all nodes independent of graph masters E dracula 5th December 2003 8 48 29 30 Simple Filter Predefined Filter Simple Filter Type lt All gt v Attribute Name lt All gt v Attribute Value Select All ms xx FR
50. ow in a grid like manner i e the nodes are ordered in columns and lines Most often this standard layout is not a good one because important edges lie beneath nodes and it is not easy to find structures in the graph So you want to change the positions of the nodes to better reflect these structures Dracula gives you three different options to do this which will be described here Note that only the positions of nodes can be changed the edges on the other hand will alway go straight from one node to another 5 5 1 Manual layout The most flexible way to change the layout of a graph is of course the manual way This means that you change the positions of the nodes by hand To do that first check that you currently use the Standard Cursor if not press the key d or click on the button Standard Cursor in the toolbox of the Graph Window Then left click on the node in the drawing area and move the mouse while holding the left mouse button down The node will follow your movements As soon as the node is in the desired position release the mouse button and the node will be placed there If you want to change the position of a group of nodes instead of moving each single node seperately you will first have to create a Working Selection including these de sired nodes Then if you move one of the nodes like described above all the nodes in the selection will be moved together while retaining their relative positions to each ot
51. rsor must not be above a node and choose the menu item Zoom Zoom out in the popup menu If you have zoomed to much into or out of the graph and now you want to get back to the normal zoom level you can click either on the button Zoom 1 1 in the toolbar or choose the popup menu item Zoom Zoom 1 1 5 4 3 The Minimap The Minimap on the left side of the Graph Window right above the Zoom buttons gives you an overview of the size of the current graph The white area symbolizes the total area the graph takes up The black rectangle inside the minimap symbolizes which part of the graph is currently visible in the drawing area and how big it is in relation to the whole graph Please note that this rectangle may look distorted e g like a line or simply a point if the graph is distorted in some way e g a hundred times as long as high or if it is very big in size Besides showing an overview of the graph the Minimap can also be used to scroll the drawing area Just click into the Minimap with the left mouse button and hold it Then move the mouse and you will see the rectangle in the Minimap following your moves At the same time the contents of the drawing area i e the graph are scrolled to the new position that is symbolized by the rectangle in the Minimap graph masters E dracula 5th December 2003 8 48 19 20 5 5 Changing graph layout After a new graph is created it is displayed inside the Graph Wind
52. s between the two states If there are Stored Selections defined for a graph their names and colors will be displayed in the listbox too They are shown as second level items below the items that represent the graphs To hide them in the listbox click on the sign before the graph name or on the sign to show them if they are currently hidden Below the listbox is a toolbar containing some buttons to execute various operations on graphs or selections Their functions will be described later 3 3 The Analyzer The Analyzer is used to display the attributes of a certain node in conjunction with their values when using the Info Cursor It contains a scrollable listbox with two columns In the first column the name of the attributes is displayed while the second one includes the value of the corresponing attribute in the first column More on the Analyzer and the Info Cursor can be found in chapter 5 5th December 2003 8 48 graph masters E dracula Graph Box I amp Graph HA MySelection LL Stored Selection s of graph AREA ee New Delete Rename Edit Transform Set Graph Graph Selection Graph Selection Selection Operation Figure 3 3 The Graph Box gt Analyze JOG Attribute Value Attributes Artificial FALSE Values of Column 0 attributes Filename Line 0 Node ID 3 Node Type System Path KK nn Figure 3 4 The Analyzer 3 4 The Graph Windows The Graph Windows display th
53. t the element is allowed Optional indicates whether the element has to be included or not and Description tells you what at tributes the element has and which part of the configuration it controls 8 1 Program Configuration The program configuration covers all the things that are not related to the graphical appearance of nodes and edges like e the default edge configuration to be used e filters e popup menu items with an associated DSL script e the background color of the drawing area in a Graph Window e external custom layouts e other external programs like the text editor for viewing the sourcecode The program configuration is controlled by the Program Configuration file extension dcf which is loaded once when Dracula is started If no such file is explicitly specified as command line parameter Dracula uses a default one 8 1 1 Structure of the Program Configuration file The body of the Program Configuration File has to be enclosed in lt PROGRAM_SETTINGS gt lt PROGRAM_SETTINGS gt which is the topmost element The following other ele ments are used inside the Program Configuration file graph masters E dracula 5th December 2003 8 48 39 lt BACKGROUND gt Tag lt BACKGROUND gt lt BACKGROUND gt Level Inside lt PROGRAM_SETTINGS gt Optional No Description Sets the background color of the Graph Window The color itself is defined in a lt COLOR gt elem
54. ted in Dracula If no such file is explicitly specified when creating a graph Dracula uses a default one 8 2 1 Structure of the Node Type Configuration file The body of the Node Configuration File has to be enclosed in lt NODE_SETTINGS gt lt NODE_SETTINGS gt which is the topmost element It is important that there is always an element lt NODE gt with its attribute TYPE set to Default included in the body This element describes the settings for all node types that do not have their own lt NODE gt element in the Node Type Configuration file The following elements are used inside the Node Configuration file lt ATTR gt Tag lt ATTR NAME Line gt Level Inside lt VISIBLE_ATTRIBUTES gt Optional Yes Description Defines a certain attribute of a node The name of the node attribute is given by the attribute NAME of the element lt COLOR gt graph masters E dracula 5th December 2003 8 48 43 44 Tag Level Optional Description lt ICON gt Tag Level Optional Description lt NODE gt Tag Level Optional Description lt COLOR RED FF GREEN FF BLUE FF gt Inside lt NODE gt No Defines a color The color is described by its red green and blue components which are given by the three attributes RED GREEN and BLUE Each attribute takes a two digit hexadecimal number 00 FF
55. tfile Sinfile gt Then if you start Dracula with this Program Configuration you may choose Dot Layout as a custom layout see chapter 6 for details Two important remarks First in the above example entry it is assumed that the pro gram dot can be found in the system s path If not you have to provide the full path where it can be found Second do not try to use dot with big graphs because it does not work well with thousands of nodes This will most certainly result in a long waiting time followed by the error message that the layout could not be applied graph masters E dracula 5th December 2003 8 48 49
56. that does not exist or is corrupt or contains a syntax error an appropriate error message will be shown As a query consists of several commands each command is executed one after the other What Dracula does is fetching each line telling the parser to parse the current line which must exactly refers to one command The parser takes the current string a line and saves it into a temporary file of which is specified in src configs dracula_constants ads 7 2 Composition and syntax of DSL A query is a set of lines where each line must represent a single command So there cannot be more than two commands per line Each command must end with the character When a syntax error occurs the user will be informed of this fact and the command where the error occured will not be executed as well as any following command 7 2 1 Key Words DSL contains several key words which can be specified in the lexer file src cou parser dsl_lex l Nevertheless the current key words are listed and explained graph masters E dracula 5th December 2003 8 48 The current key words are the following annotation all apply attribute attributelist aclone close custom delete deselect difference edges exit export false from graph graphname hide imlnodes in intersection mark move maxdepth nodes layout of open predecessors program project redraw save set scroll select selectednodes selec tion selectionname sele
57. tom layouts function only few of these features are really needed The input files Dracula gener ates contain node and edge definitions The node definitions are composed of a node identifier and an attributes list The node identifiers are composed of the letter N and the node id the node has in Drac ula attached to it e g N107 The layouter has to use the same identifiers in the output file and must not change it or Dracula will not be able to find the relation between the node definitions in the ouptut file and the nodes in the graph The at tributes list of a node definition in the input file contains three attributes the width and height of the node in inches or 72 pixels and the coordinates of the node s cen ter in pixels Since the normal Dot coordinate system is oriented differently than the coordinate system in Dracula the Dot coordinate system has its origin in the lower left corner and the y values grow from bottom to top while in Dracula the origin lies in the upper left corner and the y values grow from top to bottom the y values are all less than or equal to 0 Here is an example for a node definition in an input file N18 width 1 80556E 00 height 1 16667E 00 pos 1477 242 The edge definitions are composed of the node identfiers of the nodes that form the edge and an attribute list that contains the attribute pos which contains the start and end point of the edge in pixels An edge definition wou
58. upported other platforms will maybe need some changes to the source code Recommended system e CPU fast processor 1GHz or more e RAM 512Mb or more the bigger the graphs are you want to work with the more RAM you should have because swapping is soooo sloooow e HDD around 15Mb for Dracula only e GTK 2 2 0 or higher libraries installed 2 2 Install from binary package Installing Dracula from a binary package is a simple task First check that you have got the right package for your platform and that your platform meets the require ments Move the file dracula lt platform gt tar gz into the directory you want Drac ula install to Change to this directory and type tar xzvf dracula lt platform gt tar gz to unpack it This will create a subdirectory dracula in the current directory in cluding all the needed files All you have to do then is starting Dracula like described in chapter 1 Maybe you should also change the configuration files to your needs see chapter 8 for details graph masters dracula 5th December 2003 8 48 10 2 3 Install from source code To compile the source code you need the following tools e Gnat 3 15 e Aflex amp Ayacc e GtkAda 2 2 0 Note that these tools should be found in path The sourcecode is deployed in a tar gz file First unpack it with tar xzvf dracula src tar gz Then change into the newly created dracula src directory and type mak
59. yed where you may specify the file name of the project file A click on the button Ok will then load the project Note that the corresponding IML file must also be reloaded Dracula searches for the IML file on the same position where it was as the project was created If Dracula cannot find the IML file or the project file was not a valid Dracula Project file you will get an error message Another important fact is that Dracula Project files always must have the suffix dpf or they will not be recognized as a project file graph masters E dracula 5th December 2003 8 48 15 16 4 3 Saving a project After hours of hard work hand tuning your graph s layout you may want to save all your work done so far and get some sleep Of course Dracula allows you to do this To save a project including all graphs selections etc choose the item Save under the menu Project in the Main Console or use the toolbutton Save Project instead If the project was previously saved or opened then the project will be saved under the same filename Otherwise if you created a new project Dracula will ask you for a filename by opening a file chooser dialog where you can enter the filename If you want to save a project under another name than the current one you have to choose the item Project Save As Dracula will then display a file chooser dialog where you can specify the name and place of the new file and after clicki

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