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Washington Apple Pi Journal, December 1983

1. Line 26 be the see is present because your routine wil repeatedly accessed and the X register serves as lt CR gt counter so the lt CR gt count must be saved line 32 Then the input accumulator value the next char acter in your program LIST is compared with lt CR gt low byte decimal 13 but high byte decimal 141 contd on pg 30 Washington Apple Pi PD ISABLEDSIS MEUS bu Jau Tholl b E E E E E E E E E E E kkk DISABLEDSIG DECEMBER MEETING THURSDAY DECEMBER 8 1983 7 00 P M Chevy Chase Community Center Connecticut Ave amp McKinley St NW D C ed For a metaphor on long time I have been parroting Goldenberg s technology that the computer like eyeglasses before it can become ubiquitous enough that we will forget it Yet like the eyeglass it will attain such a state of transparency that it will allow the user to do things that will be otherwise difficult perhaps impossible Intellectually I ve known that to be true though I ve been what some friends refer to as a TAB Temporarily Able Bodied But now my arms have grown so short that I cannot read with ease Now spectacles rest on the bridge of my nose imposing no agenda on me while they ameliorate my handicap On November 26 I will be looking out upon the attend ees at the WAP main meeting two days after Thanks giving helping to remind them that the odds are that they too will be disabled during their lifetimes Comp
2. U S Department of Education Progress Toward a Free Appropriate Public Education Washington U U wu peers and help create amore normal view of their world In this sense the child s body becomes the mechanical robot that is controlled by the micro processor TTT A AD T T AT A T S E A AT D D T A A T A A A G FE MICRO VENTURE Along with increased communication ee and inde DIRS 57250 we BA pendence comes the opportunity to develop age appro Q lt DISKS 3 43 33 BH priate socialization skills For example the voice EREPHANT ret teeeeees 20 bx SSDD EENE 22 bx output of a communication device can give the two year VERRATIM SSDD 25 DSOD 35 old the opportunity to gain adult attention and live ane aes PETER RCE har Slo eee E up to the stereotype of the terrible two s The OKIDATA MICROLINE 82A s a o ossea 38s increased independence allows more opportunities to MICROLINE 992P L 460 interact with others in the recreational domain or IDS MICROPRISH 0 ccs e eee ee eer enee 475 engage in isolated play as their peers do N vec PC BO23 esaun Pas MANNESMAN TALLY SPIRIT 80 ccc cee cceeeeees 315 Numerous examples could be given to show the benefits N A te ee ee MONITORS that the technology can provide for the young develop AMDEK 300G 12 GREEN 18MHZ 135 ing child Each would contribute to the tota
3. Instead it was executing the Applesoft garbage collection rou tine Whenever a new value is assigned to a string that value is stored at the edge of free memory and the old value is left behind as unused garbage Only after Applesoft runs out of free memory does it take the time to clean up after itself and recapture all the unused memory it left behind This reorgani zation process is called garbage collection and it can be slow In fact due to a bug in Applesoft the routine can go into an infinite loop It did just as I was expected to enter the finishers times In such a case your only cure is to press RESET and lose all the data since the last time you saved the file You must then restart the program and reload the file from the disk At this point my file was so large that I was stopping for a garbage collection during the middle of reading in my file Because of the press of time I didn t have a chance to use some of the tricks recommended by David Eldridge to get more free RAM Ref 3 I finished entering my results sorting them by finish times and then selectively printing reports for women and male age groups Option 5 the report generator allows you to either print out all records in the file or just those records which meet a specified condition For example if CAT was the fifth header in my file typing 5 EQ D would only print records with the value D stored in the CAT fiel
4. 28 December 1983 Ae CODE RKETBOA DIP header 16 point A D bility due to a form of muscular dystrophy As a starter I have built a special Morse key suitable for tiny finger movements Fig 1 It includes several details which are for the purpose of simplifying its use like moving the lever to the left causes the cursor also to move to the left Parts for a minimal version as available from Radio Shack are as follows 5feet Cable 3 cond inc shield 278 1276 2 Resistors 2200 ohm 1 2W 271 027 2 Switch lever 275 016 l DIP Header 16 position 278 1980 Later the key will be mounted in a closed chassis as follows 1 Case plastic 270 221 1 Plug 5 pin only 3 used 274 003 1 Chassis socket 5 pin 274 005 The construction part has been simple the first ver sion described above works I have been able to write sentences and even boot other disks But I ve also had some problems in making full use of the soft ware These were discussed with Mr Schneider some are due to a change in the polarity of the signal compared with the signal provided by the pushbutton on the game paddle 2 2k ohms Minimum Movement Keyboard contd from pg 27 LIGHT BEAM oO INTERRUPT PLUG PUSHBUTTON a SCHEMATIC oe FIG 2 3 PBI Washington Apple Pi Meet AN APPLE buy Bill Jacobson In the November 21 1983 issue of Infoworld a senior editor of that magazine reported that
5. uy SM SOURCE AMERICA S INFORMATION UTILITY SPECIAL 60 Virginia Residents 4 sales tax VISA amp MASTER CARD accepted Add 2 50 shipping C O D s add 1 65 LIST 100 40 Discount 40 Club Price 60 NAME ADDRESS CITY eee STATE 6641 Backlick Rd Suite 206 Springfield VA 22150 703 451 4100 December 1983 41 OW TO G T oy ORE a1 bu Walt Mitts Have you ever wondered what everyone sees in CP M Do you wonder what it is all about Well this article is designed to take you from step one a plain Apple to a machine with all of the hardware to run CP M First some definitions CP M stands for Control Program for Microcomputers and it is an operating system just as Apple DOS is for the Apple CP M is designed in a general manner so that it can be used on most any computer with a 2 80 or 8080 chip This general manner design allows you to issue a command on your Apple under CP M in the same way that you would on a Cromemco or IBM PC There are many programs that will operate under the control of CP M on the Apple just as they would on the other machines mentioned A few of the programs like WordStar dBase II must be modified to work under the various systems but in general a program that will run on one will work on all the others I will assume that you have at least an Apple II disk drive printer and monitor The Apple does not have a Z 80 or 8080 chip and th
6. FREE SHIPPING was p now VERBATIM DATALIFE disk 23 10 packs in plastic case ss dd MITAC Mate I disk drive 246 89 100 Apple compatible Shugart 390 mechanism MITAC disk drive controller 6 Z 80A card 4 MHz 80 column card 16K RAM card AMDEK color I plus monitor 295 non glare screen ear phone jack EPSON MX80 F T printer EPSON MX100 printer EPSON FX80 printer Parallel printer card cable included MITAC 12 amber monitor 20 MHz Professional joystick metal case with 2 fire buttons 360 cursor control auto centering amp 2 fine trimer 285 29 99 525 60 196 35 729 22 MICRO STAR COMPANY P O BOX 2307 COLUMBIA MD 21045 301 730 7172 M F 10 00 7 00 S 9530 1 00 Terms Add 1 00 handling fee MD residents add 5 tax Personal or company checks allow 2 weeks to clear COD accepted by M O or cashier check add 1 65 COD charge Prices are subject to change without notice Q t subject to availability MC amp VISA customers add 3 5 surcharge Manu facturer or MSC warranty provided December 1983 35 CUMBER S IX Sits Tn J and Random Wy UT wt g Numbers E Cumber Jr bu Jomes AMD Wall Street as Chicken Little or How a Legal Gambling Casino is Fairer than the NYSE Wall Street has an aura all its own the stock exchange the movers amp shakers the cool heads who determine the fate of U
7. and hundreds more Description List BUSINESS Data Managers dBase II with ZIP 700 00 DB Master 29 00 Unbtity pac t 9900 Unity pac 2 99 00 Stat pac 99 00 General Manager 229 00 IntoStar Replaces DataStar 395 00 PFS File 125 00 Report 125 00 Graph 12500 Versatorm H 389 90 Viste 250 90 Accounting Accounting Plus te 995 00 ihe 795 00 Business Booxkeeping System 395 00 E Ledger 6000 Genera Ledger w Payat es 495 00 Home Accountant 7495 Payrot 395 00 Receivables 49 00 Financial Modeling amp Planning Asser Manager POO OO Budget Planner 160 0U Busiress Forecasting Mode tor Vis Caic 100 00 CaicStar 195 00 Multiplan P7500 SuperCaic 296 09 VistCaic We 250 00 We 240 00 and much much more New Specials Davong Smb hard desk drive Includes cables card and soltware Microtek Paralel Panter Cand tau 00 Pkaso 165 00 Micio Protessor MPF 1 399 00 Appie Compatte portaven Mng it 695 00 CSI samt ne cise drive 295 000 Orange Micto Grappiet Plus 165 0G Butferdoard 175 00 Syscom II 95 Apple Wi Plus Compatte 895 00 1 995 Sale 399 95 149 95 7495 7495 7495 14995 299 95 84 95 84 95 84 95 249 95 169 95 COLUMBIA COMPUTER SYSTEMS OVER 12 000 PRODUCTS AVAILABLE FOR YOUR APPLE The largest amp oldest supplier of Computers Peripherals amp Software Office Hours in the Washington D C Area Mail your orders to P O BOX 40813 Washington OC 20016 or call 202 364 0273 any time
8. e Washington Apple Pi on ES SUMMARY OF THE OCTOBER BOARD MEETING The Executive Board of Washington Apple Pi Ltd met on October 12 1983 at the WAP office Vice Presi dent Dana Schwartz presided Items discussed were the copy machine office rental the reading library hotline hardware SIG group pur chase a new reference and referral service for members to be managed by the office the commercial aspect of some monthly meeting presentations the Mid Atlantic Computer Show the Board appropriated up to 450 00 to cover the costs of our participa tion an increase in the imprest fund and problems with paying in voices by C 0 0 The Board voted to add the words The Journal of Washington Apple Pi Ltd to the cover of the Journal October General Meeting WAP Ltd met at USUHS on October 22 1983 at 10 00 AM President David Morganstein presided Members were reminded to avoid wandering through the USUHS facility Several members responded to the request for volunteers at the Mid Atlantic Com puter Fair to be held at the D C Convention Center October 27 30 Those interested in the beginner s tutorials were advised to pre register The members expressed interest in participating in other tutorials Pascal VisiCalc Visi Plot dBase II CP M and repair Tom Riley volunteered to conduct a hardware tutorial The ASM SIG will begin an assembly language class in January Ideas for topics for future
9. the operator simply types a CTRL S to stop the scrolling What if I wanted to scroll up 18 lines on the monitor and have the LISTing stop for my examina tion And then to continue with the scroll of another 18 lines only when I pressed a CTRL S The following is the required routine On the right is the Assembly or source code In the middle jis the Machine or object code and on the left is the begin ning hexadecimal memory location for each line of code ASM 1 RRMA KHEEKEEKEKKEKHKKKEKEK 2 3 ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE k 4 PROGRAM 5 6 LISTING i 7 8 LISTS 18 PROGRAM LINES oo ON THE MONITOR 10 ll REAKARRERRAEREKEKRKEKEKEEKRKEREEKE 12 13 OBJ 0300 14 ORG 0300 15 16 STROBE EQU C010 17 KYBD EQU C000 18 ASAVE EQU 0385 19 XSAVE EQU 0386 20 YSAVE EQU 0387 21 COUNT EQU 0384 22 14 December 1983 E Wee SRG ht AN 7 0300 8D 85 03 23 LISTING STA ASAVE SAVE ACCUMULATOR 0303 83 86 03 24 STX XSAVE SAVE X REGISTER 0306 8C 87 03 25 STY YSAVE SAVE Y REGISTER 0309 AE 84 03 26 LDX COUNT LOAD LINE COUNT 27 030C C9 80 28 CMP 8D lt CR gt 030E DO 14 29 BNE EXIT IF NOT RETRANS 30 MIT 0310 E8 31 INX ONE MORE LINE 0311 8E 84 03 32 STX COUNT CUMULATE LINE COUNT 0314 0 12 33 CPX 18 318 LINES 0316 DO 0C 34 BNE EXIT IF NOT RETRANS 35 MIT 0318 AD 00 CO 36 LOOP LDA KYBD KEYBOARD PRESS 031B C9 93 37 CMP 93 CTRL S 031D DO F9 38 BNE LOOP
10. 1180 B 135 which was the number of expected runners File Cabinet then stored the rest of my roster and I was able to use the report generator Option 5 to produce a list of entrants sorted by number or by age for the race registration staff The mass change feature Option 2 then set all the time fields to 9 for use in future sortings Two points will avoid errors when using these fea tures First when asked to select a header be sure to type its number rather than its name Second if you have a e be sure that your CAPS LOCK key is engaged so as to type capital Y or N in response to File Cabinet questions Because I would only be changing one particular field at atime I wrote a special update program listing 1 which allows you to type a record number and value without repeatedly selecting which field you are up dating Customizing programs to process a File Cabi net data base is easy due to the simple file structure used Ref 2 RACE DAY I was prepared for any catastrophy I packed my Apple extra copies of my program and data disks and even a screw driver and set up in the Alexandria City Hall But I was not prepared for the fact that another 30 runners had entered that morning I again changed the value of B in line 1180 and prayed that I had enough RAM Worse yet some of these runners where assigned non consecutive numbers beginning with 300 This latter fact is important because File Cabinet will allow
11. 5 or more Members 4 00 ea 5 00 postage Non members 7 00 ea 5 00 wk DOS 3 2 LEQ LL_QLQLLEL LLL LLL LRN LO OG N N R A Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume DOS 3 3 0 Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume NY pe pmd pd ped pd pt el eel put eed CTW O NAMOaWNHKOUVUON AM aWN MO PO PO POP PO HWM amp WD WGI ROP AO ODON Ww WW Ua w Ams wh mw ww ovon 41 42 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 Utilities I Utilities II Games I Games I Games III Games IV Games V Utilities III Educational I Math Science Graphics I Games VI Games IAC Utilities IV Games VII Utilities V Graphics II Educational II Commun ications Mus ic Apple Orchard Utilities VI Games VIII Games IX Utilities VII Stocks Investments Math Planetfinder Utilities VIII Games X Plot Utilities Games XI Account ing Solar Tutor Garden Management Games XII Utilities IX Games XIII IAC VII IAC VIII IAC 25 Mach Lang Util
12. 70 col videol 260 Microsoft Softcard JCe Z 80 80 col amp 64K on one card 335 Softcard includes CP M 2 2 and MBASIC 229 ALS CP M Plus System 6 Mhz Z 80 64K RAM CP M 3 0 275 Saturn Systess Accelerator JC 3 6 Mhz 6502 processor 445 MKONITORS Asdek 300G 12 green anti glare screen 18Mhz 14 300A 12 aaber anti glare screen 18Mhz 155 Color I 40 coluan text color graphics NEC JB 1201 12 green anti glare screen 20Mhz 159 JB 1260 12 green 15Mhz best value for acaes TA JB 1212 12 color coaposite videol 00 00 USI PI 2 12 green anti glare screen 20 Mhz PI 3 12 aaber anti glare screen 20 Mhz KODEMS Hayes Micromodea Jle tone dialing speaker Seartcon I Saartaodea 300 300 baud RS 232 direct connect Searteodes 1200 300 1200 baud as above Novation Apple Cat II w Coeware 1200 baud capable Seart Cat 300 RS 232 direct connect Seart Cat 300 1200 as above Jat 300 miniature AS 232 direct connect SSM ModeaCard 300 baud audio sonitor eaulates Hayes US Robotics Password 300 1200 baud auto dial answer Anchor Automation Volkseodem 300 baud RS 232 PRINTERS Epson FX 80 160 cps tractor single sheet graphics FX 100 wide carriage version af the abovel RX 80F T 100 cps tractor single sheet graphics MX 100 wide carriage version of the above Okidata 92 160 cps graphics BEST print for price 93 132 coluan version of above IDS Microprisa 110 c
13. Holiday Packs 10 disks in plastic case head cleaning kit SS DD wncueccccenneneeeese 26 00 DS DD wean ncenceanencense 395 00 In stock word processing utilities and none specials The rtist esee eeeeneeseeewpeenteaeeseeneenue 60 00 Letter Perfect w seccunsneceae 20 00 Super Text 40 80 II II 65 00 Visidex eeseenweoeonwoewveenspeeveeeaeaesnseee 160 00 Desk Top Plan II 2 145 00 Ampersoft asesnassocssssasses 25200 LEXiCOM wocennecnccsnasanneene 259 00 V I P I e eeoeseaeeeeaenanenmenranaeneeneeeaee 16 900 key Perfect ss ansnxousnnonuaa 16 00 A P mpeeeneeeeeaeeenwveeeaeeeseeueeneeves8 see 6 900 Critical Mass cseccncnceacnnee 23 00 The Serpent s Star aasssosose 25200 The Arcade Machine cennceese 30 00 Epoch eee e case nas wc wanenevees 20 00 Choplifter II II anasseses 20 00 Three Mile Island sasssosoas 22 00 Free Fall scsi esmamsro wie awT 0 60 7 00 Cr ogger wee meme we teen mene we eee 21200 Mouskattack c cee eee nea nese ee 21 00 Beagle Bag susasusensussssos 20 00 Bil Padge S Space Album 20 00 Canyon Climber ccecnneeee 17 00 The Dark Crystal sssansrasse 22200 David s Midnight Magic 20 00 Raster Blaster ccencenncnceen 17290 Lunar Leeper wesc e nee anncerene 17 00 Apple OidS asassssesosusssssesa 18 00 Firebug caseeen aware nsencenee 17 90 Creature Creator ccccceeene 27400 Spectre snasenrszsaasanawasnaseanes 18 00 Buzzard Bait eccescncennauncae 2 200 wocceese
14. It will be available soon I Let ElFHutton talk to your computer e Huttonline Investment Briefs e Hutton Research Information Electronic Mall A new low cost service will turn your personal computer into a powerful investment tool using the same data communications facilities that E F Hutton uses in its worldwide network Contact George V Hart E F Hutton amp Company 1825 Eye Street N W Suite 1000 Washington D C 20006 202 331 2587 or 800 368 5811 lt Hutton Washington Apple Pi CALL FOR ALL YOUR COMPUTER NEEDS Printers TTX Daisy Wheel NEC 8023A left 399 00 C Itoh ProWriter saeeanseeasunse asves a 350 00 Okidata Microline 92 aans 445 00 Epson RX 80 F T Call 450 00 FX 80 F T Q FX 100 es sanpnacupvasvona 700 00 ate left 455 00 Accessories Accelerator II Board zssaeeene 4950 00 TG Track Ball wscaanenceneseee 47 00 Wico Joysticks 3 way Deluxe 40 00 Koala Pad Touch Tablet 93 50 Micro Sci Disk Drive A2 240 00 FingerPrint MX Series 40 00 Grappler aznososssosseoss 12 Buffered Grappler c2ee 22 175 00 PKASO romana oa oe 0 sen Se O 135 00 Kraft Joystick II II 41 00 Quick Vis ease eee neoenennvoneeae 03 90 ASTROFIRE Rapid Fire 15 00 APPLEsurance Diagnostic Controller Card 980 00 we Pee diskettes 10 packs Do oaaae 3 Bera we eee eres wre DS DD a ors wietateiece a
15. KENO Buy digits on the board and cross your fingers 107 14 MADLIBS 1 version of the popular party game words the computer adds the story by Jeff Noebner A computer You provide the 107 15 METEOR STORM by Garon and Pelczarski A lo res translation of a TRS 80 game Use your paddle to steer your way through a meteor storm 107 16 NOT ONE A text game of chance 107 17 NUMBER GUESSER by Jeff Huebner Guess the number between one and one hundred 107 18 ROCK SCISSORS PAPER by Jeff Huebner Play the computer in a text game of Rock Scissors Paper 107 19 TV TRIVIA by Lee David Answer 20 ques tions about old TV shows Written in Integer Basic 107 20 WISHING WELL CODER by Howie Produce coded messages Mitchell DISK 127 Math Science Reviewed by Tom Riley This disk contains programs on zoology astronomy and mathematics 127 1 ARTHROPOD CLASSIFICATION INSECT CLASSIFICA TION A series of questions are given to lead the user to the correct classification of arthropods and insects by the dichotomous key method The computer guides the systematic study of animals and symplifies amass of data into a series of questions This program will be of particular interest to stu dents of biology and collectors of insects The name of the author is given in the listing 127 2 CAL PI TO 1000 DIGITS DIVISION MULITPLY and NUMBER BASE CONVERTER These programs perform math
16. One Key DOS Utilities A Utilities B Games A Merry Christmas Business A FIG FORTH Ut ilities Science Engineer ing Games B IAC 10 Graphics Volume 181 required with these disks NOTE ALLOW 2 TO 3 WEEKS FOR MAILING NAME ADDRESS SITY STATE ZIP TELEPHONE noe 3 3 contd LR RL ER LN LR LL LL Of a on Po PO iy ie a an ey N oe EN Eamon Series m Name tame Lean Lane Tame tame toate Came Ream tam tame tae Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume 109 IAC 11 Applesoft Tutorial 110 Personal Education 111 Games C 112 Utilities C 113 Business B 114A Adventure INIT 114B Adventure 115 IAC 12 13 Misc 116 IAC 14 MicromodemI I 117 Picture Packer 118 Utilities D 119 IAC 15 Misc 120 IAC 16 Misc 121 ABBS Program 122 IAC 17 Misc 123 French Vocabulary 124 Utilities E 125 IAC 18 Misc 126 Sights and Sounds 127 Math Science 128 Games D 129 GLAQ 130 Diversi D0S 131 Personal Educ 2 132 IAC 19 Utilities F 133 IAC 20 Hybrid 134 New M
17. POKE 768 160 POKE 769 0 POKE 770 76 POKE 771 44 POKE 772 254 CALL 768 RETURN POKE LC N 256 INT N 256 POKE LC 1 INT N 256 RETURN HOME VTAB 9 PRINT DO YOU WANT TO SAVE THIS SET OF PRINT SPECIAL FUNCTION KEYS Y N GET XX IF XX N THEN 530 IF XX lt gt Y THEN 450 PRINT PRINT INPUT NAME OF FUNCTION KEY FILE PRINT PRINT CHR 4 MON CIO PRINT CHR 4 BSAVE 3NA A 338144 L3 L PRINT CHR 4 NOMON CIO PRINT PRINT PRINT TO USE THESE KEYS IN THE FUTURE YOU PRINT DO NOT HAVE TO REDEFINE THEM YOU CAN PRINT SIMPLY BRUN 3NA 3 VTAB 24 PRINT PRESS ANY KEY TO CONTINUE GET XX POKE 34 0 HOME IF ZX gt 255 THEN ZX IF ZX gt 255 THEN ZX 400 62 38144 440 450 460 470 480 sNA PRINT 490 500 510 520 530 CALL 38144 L END LISTING 2 7000 A9 11 85 73 8D F2 03 A9 7008 70 85 74 8D F3 03 20 6F 7010 FB A9 1C 85 38 A9 70 85 7018 39 4C DO 03 20 1B FD C9 7020 86 FO 0D C9 9B DO 32 20 7028 89 FE 20 EA 03 4C DO 03 7030 20 1B FD 85 08 A9 8B 85 7038 06 A9 70 85 07 AO 00 B1 7040 06 FO 17 C5 08 FO 16 20 7048 53 70 B1 06 30 F9 20 53 7050 70 DO EC E6 06 DO 02 E6 7058 07 60 4C OC FD A9 6A 85 7060 38 A9 70 85 39 7068 DO 02 91 28 AO 00 Bl 06 7070 10 0C 20 53 70 A4 24 C9 7078 95 DO DE B1 28 60 48 A9 7080 1C 85 38 A9 70 85 39 68 7088 09 80 60 00 amp Washington Apple Pi
18. arrow keys shorten and lengthen the duration of the notes of the the A number approximating an inverse function frequency of the sounded note is displayed on monitor screen 20 12 ODE TO JOY Steve Schonberger has transcribed the Ode to Joy into pomaceous notation The results can be heard by RUNning this program 20 13 APPLE PIANO DOC No this is not a program to heal the frailties of the Apple sound system It is a documentation for the Binary file APPLE PIANO that follows it on the disk 20 14 APPLE PIANO This program accessed either by BLOADing it or from within the APPLE PIANO DOC adds sound to the keypress without interfering with the normal functioning of the system some CTRL characters are changed see APPLE PIANO DOC for the list The sound is toggled on and off by pressing lt CTRL N gt Try listing a program while the APPLE PIANO is opera tive Asterisks and spaces are especially charming Do not throw things at the computer remember a simple lt CTRL N gt will bring on instant silence 20 15 PHILA ORGAN Identical with option 3 of the MUSICPAK 1 program above 20 16 TOGNAZZINI TUTORIAL An introduction to mini assembler The user has three choices 1 To watch the program enter the monitor call up the mini assembler and type a short routine for input to the mini assembler The result is a program that uses the twiddling of the paddle knobs to change the pitch produced by the Apple spe
19. computers APPLEWRITER Ile 2 hours 60 11 17 amp 12 8 6 30 8 30pm Understand what a word processing system is and how it works Learn how to create revise letters and documents quickly and easily BASIC PROGRAMMING I 6 hours 65 11 7 14 and 21 6 30 8 30pm Hands on instruction for computer novices in this simple programming language Classroom exercises and optional homework assignments BASIC PROGRAMMING II 6 hours 65 11 28 12 5 and 12 12 6 30 8 30pm Learn new Basic commands and additional programming techniques Classroom exercises and homeword assignments Prerequisite Basic Programming I or equivalent WORDSTAR I 2 hours 60 12 7 6 30 8 30pm Learn how to create documents quickly and easily by using this popular word processing system WORDSTAR II 2 houyvss 60 11 170 amp 12 1 6 30 8 30pm Experiment with more advanced Wordstar commands and learn file merging techniques Prerequisite Wordstar I or equivalent INTRODUCTION TO SPREADSHEETS 2 hours 60 11 30 amp 12 15 6 30 8 30pm Create useful financial models for your business using two popular spreadsheet programs COMPUTER CAMP FOR KIDS 10 hours 1170 1 77 14 21 28 amp 2 4 2 00 4 OOpm Optional Lab with instructor 4 00 5 OOpm Tatoiu your child to the world of small computers Hands on programming and instruction in practical applications CHOOSING APPLE EDUCATIONAL SOFTWARE 2 hours 20 12 6 6 30 830pm Discussion and demonstrat
20. day or night 10 00am 6 00pm M F amp 10 00am 2 00pm Sat SS Ss SS eh et ee et eh eh eel See Sel Seed Se es mmm Se Sy as G SS SSS SS SS SS SS SS SS SSS SSS Washington Apple Pi Necember 1983 33 USEIR FUACT ION by Soro Charlie Brown User defined programmable function keys the IBM PC has 10 the COMPAQ also has 10 the Apple II has none or so we used to think Actually it has as many programmable keys as there are keys on the keyboard including use of the SHIFT and CONTROL keys An article entitled Micro Macros by Sandy Mossberg in the October 1983 issue of InCider magazine contains a machine language program which provides an example of programmable function keys for the Apple II II or Ile Also note that the October 1983 issue of the WAP newsletter contains an article by J T DeMay Jr in which he describes a similar function built into GPLE Global Program Line Editor which is obtainable from Call A P P L E or Beagle Bros The purpose of this article is to present a machine language program similar in concept but different in execution to that presented by Dr Mossberg In addition an Applesoft driver is included so that a user unfamiliar with machine language will be able to easily define his her own special function keys These programmable function keys enable two keystrokes to take the place of any number up to 255 keystrokes The first of these two keys is CONTROL F which tells th
21. modular telephone cable The plug was made from a 16 pin DIP header 4276 1980 and a 16 pin wire wrap socket 276 1994 The finished wiring was protected with a layer of RTV silicon sealant not shown in the drawing The size of the mechanical parts must be adjusted for the individual s requirements Simply line up the LEO and transistor sets so that some part of the body can break the light beam between them If the body part is a toe the handle might be replaced with a wooden sandal If it is an arm then a larger unit perhaps fashioned like the arm rest of a chair would be in order A device for the tongue might look like an athletic teeth protector Units that respond to the movement of an eyelid or a facial muscle would be more Washington Apple Pi KEYBOARD difficult to design and build but are feasible All in all this project is an excellent study in human machine interfacing Additional work is needed on the software to inprove its compatability with commercial software packages If there is any demand at all for this type of input device I am certain that all software and hardware problems can be quickly overcome Please feel free to call me at home 301 340 9432 in the evenings or on weekends if you would like to work on these applica tions or if you need such a device SIDE FRONT MORSE KEYBOARD FIG WOODEN HANDLE CBI C8 2 TRANSISTOR S LEDS PLUG CABLE contd on pg 28 Decemb
22. 25 06650002 519 95 GIFT CERTIFICATES AVAILABLE EXTENDEO HOURS UNTIL DECEMBER 31 9 30 6 00 9 30 8 30 1 00 4 00 Monday Wednesday Friday Tuesday and Thursday Saturday and Sunday MICROS gt CRAFT ee tr ARE ASHTON TATEM aLcoy WEE OKIDATA ING ROW 4 NS IC Ti KI na Gp Televideo Ban K N No onic 53 the black keys and the remaining two rows the keys of a piano white Pressing Speaker any of the assigned keys will beep the Apple The other keys are mute All the printing keys including the mute ones will place a lo res color rectangle somewhere on the screen The sound cannot be directed to the cassette port The two and a half octave range of the program produces notes from G to E There is no duration control and no means of saving the melody to a disk Pressing the space bar will produce a prompt asking if the operator wishes to continue or to exit the program 20 2 ANDY S SYNTHESIZER Andy Hertfeld Uses the Apple keyboard to output a number of different chords arpeggios and single notes Number keys determine the figure letters determine the pitch Although all the numeral keys are live numbers 6 through 0 produce the same effect as number 5 Only some of the letter keys are allowed others produce a break in the pro gram and an error message Hitting the space bar stops the sound output Q PR I O P K and L are the faulty
23. 488 2525 Or check e High resolution X Y plotting o es i the phone book for the num e Complete electronic forms ber of your local AJ sales control service Office bs 128 character buffer r Price excludes options and is subject to e Asynchronous RS 232 interface change without notice Model shown includes e Printwheel ribbon cartridge certain options Olter available only in the and cable included contiguous U S e 30 day parts labor warranty ANDERSON JACOBSON FOR WAP MEMBERS ONLY You can now buy an AJ 831 for 888 This includes a 90 day full warranty with any repairs being done at your rv home or office Please call Sean Belanger at 840 5700 for details i
24. CP M is the long list of pub lic domain non copywritten programs available My library contains over 600 titles which represent about 400 programs of which only 10 are commercial products The best source for these programs is our library or a dial up Bulletin Board System BBS systems have the ability to download programs in a usable format to your system if you have a modem and a file transfer program ah who will write this article I will close by giving the novice a bare bones description of the actual CP M file structure 1 said that because after reading this paragraph you many not understand what I am trying to say All files are divided into two categories called TEXT files and COMMAND or object files Text files will end with any number of file extend names such as TXT ASM LST PRN etc Object files will usually end with file extensions such as COM or 0BJ with the true test being that a text file may be listed by using the command TYPE filename ext lt return gt The listing may be aborted with Ctrl C or stopped with Ctri S Ctri Q much like any Applesoft file If you attempt to TYPE an object file strange and weird things will happen to the screen and you may have to re boot to regain control of your system Re booting is not quite as easy as good ol Apple DOS and usually you must power down to get back to CP M Text files may be sub divided into two general is quite straightforward but assembly files when TYPE
25. December 1983 10 By only rearranging the numbers one through eight in the array we can be sure that no number will show up more than once in the final result Line 320 was included to make sure that no number in the array would be exchanged with itself Actually this line is not necessary Using Applewriter II in the print preview mode is there any way to just preview one page without having to see all previous pages For example preview page 11 on the screen of a 15 page document You may print or preview part of a document using the EP1 and EPO commands of Applewriter For your example you must insert EPO at the beginning of your document to turn the printing off and EP1 at the beginning of page 11 to turn it back on If you don t know exactly where page 11 begins you have to guess or list it out all the way once Then insert another EPO at the end of the page The page numbering will still be correct i e page 11 will be numbered page 11 not page 1 Recently I purchased a plotting program named Graphmagic It claims it has full printer support for the Epson MX 80 and other printers I tried to print out a pie graph using my Epson RX 80 and it comes out as garbage Does the Epson MX 80 use a different graphics set or control codes for graphics What should I do Yes the RX 80 does have different graphics capa bilities from the MX 80 You should get in touch with the publisher of Graphmagic to see if they
26. Down Beat 20 8 BACH 2 A very rough approximation of a Bach Prelude built in speaker accompanied by visual dis play of lo res outline rectangles 20 9 MUSICPAK 1 An A P P L E program in three parts 1 Two Voice Music a selection of 5 melodies Jesu Joy of Man s Desiring Bach a two part inven tion methinks Yankee Doodle and Daisy Daisy Bicycle not printer 2 Synthesizer almost identical with Andy s Synthesizer Differences a all mute keys in AS A key in this program and b 5W c 3 Keyboard Music pressing a key produces a tone of preset duration Tone duration is selected by keying in a number 0 to 250 The name of the note is heightened on the monitor screen in the manner of staveless neums of yore 20 10 APPLEODIAN Garry J Shannon Has a of interesting features However the requires a binary file called BACH which is from this disk number program missing 20 11 the board THE HART PIANO All the printing keys with exception of the dash toggle the Apple on speaker The tonal range is from g to ag Q Not included in the range is a very high very noisy and very weak note sounded by press ing 1 Most of the notes are fairly accurate but g Y e u f h and dg j are slightly flat while a Pp f d and b z are slightly sharp The tone produced by pressing k lies between c and c Left and right
27. FOR CHALLENGING CAREERS OF THEIR CHOICE Actual UNRETOUCHED Photograph DP 10 w Apple Computer Disk Drive amp VISUALTEK 19 Monitor New opportunities unfold for the visually impaired with the NEW exciting Apple Compatible Large Print Display Processor DP 10 by Visualtek Clear solid high contrast letters up to 51 2 inches high are available with the simple tum of a dial on the User Contro Panel UCP For further information on the DP 10 or any of Visualtek s exciting electronic visual aid systems PHILLIP D BARTON 3911 York Lane Bowie Maryland 20715 301 262 3665 Washington Apple Pi WRITE OR CALL December 1983 SUSAN GOWIN 7120 Murray Lane Annandale Virginia 22003 703 256 2555 WO ree FECAL y MAND CAPPED by Jim Ture i This article centers around the importance of the new voice synthesizer technology that has made it so much easier for a visually impaired person to use micro computers Votrax has been making voice synthesizers for years Most of them were quite costly but the comparatively low cost Type N Talk became available in the 400 range This seemed like a real bargain until I tried to interface the unit with a remote terminal and modem With the aid of a good friend computer enthusiast ham radio operator we found the Votrax had no x on x off protocol Also the unit would not pro nounce punctuation symbols seen in programming These difficulties may be overcome with a new unit
28. IF NOT WAIT O31F A9 00 39 LDA 0 RE INITIALIZE LINE 0321 80 84 03 40 STA COUNT COUNT AFTER 41 CTRL S 0324 8D 10 CO 42 EXIT STA STROBE CLEAR STROBE 0327 AD 85 03 43 LDA ASAVE LOAD BACK IN 032A AE 86 03 44 LOX XSAVE A X AND Y 032D AC 87 03 45 LOY YSAVE REGISTERS 0330 4C FO FD 46 JMP FDFO RETURN 47 48 ee END OF SUBROUTINE End assembly 51 bytes Errors 0 Before I begin explaining this listing I should first explain what is missing namely how to implement it Once this subroutine is BLOADed into memory then LOAD your Applesoft program to be listed Type POKE 900 0 This initializes the lt CR gt counter to zero in memory location 384 Type POKE 54 0 POKE 55 3 POKEs hook up the Machine DOS at memory locations 36 37 The CALL 1002 maintains this hook otherwise DOS would tena ciously rehook to 9EBD and your routine would never be seen CALL 1002 The two language subroutine to 4 Type LIST Well what do you know it actually works let s look at the routine itself to see why Now o Lines 23 25 save the values of the accumulator the X register and the Y register for restoration tater lines 43 45 As Mr Wagner explains this is because the official output routine COUT1 returns with all registers A X and Y intact when called Many other routines in Basic and DOS assume that all output will be done as safely so we must honor that convention as well
29. January Game contest ASMSIG meets immediately after the regular Washington Apple Pi meeting Business SIG meets just after the regular Washington Apple Pi meeting CESIG is the new special interest group of computer entrepeneurs They meet after the monthly WAP meet ing at the club office EDSIG the education special interest group see the EDSIG Page elsewhere in this issue FORTHSIG is in the process of reorganizing If you are interested in using Forth either the WAP library version or commercial versions please attend our organizational meeting to be held immediately after the main meeting on November 26 the Home Control SIG will meet after WAP meeting each month regular LAWSIG provides attorneys and those not versed in the law an opportunity to discuss various aspects of com puter applications to the law The LAWSIG usually meets in downtown Washington D C at noon once a week For information call Charles G Field Chair man 265 4040 or Jim Burger 822 1093 WAP Road LOGOSIG meets monthly at 12 45 after the regular meeting at the Barrie School 13500 Layhill Silver Spring MD NEWSIG will meet just after the regular Washington Apple Pi meeting and on Thursday evenings from 7 30 9 00 PM in the office We will answer questions and try to help new owners get their systems up and run ning We will also explain how our club operates The following members have agreed to answer questions over the
30. Music Synthesizer Board Files for both the 3 or 9 voice ALF boards or ALF A 7280 card and a copy of the CP M56 Microsoft system compatible boards are welcomed Submit your disk are required The installation procedure will patch a through the usual donation procedure and get a library copy of your system and will not work with the 60K disk in exchange Contact Bernie Benson for further version Use the SUBMIT file on Disk 406 to install details the system CHRISTMAS LIBRARY SALE Disk 407 has the documentation for the system The files on this disk are squeezed Wordstar format files In order to encourage Christmas giving of WAP library You must first unsqueeze them with the utility on Disk disks a special Christmas discount will apply from 402 Then you can TYPE them to the screen or use November 26 to Dec 23 If you buy 5 or more disks WordStar for a formatted printout we ll take 1 off the price Also John Malcolm and the library staff are trying to simplify buying disks Disk 408 has utilities specially configured for ZCPR at the meeting A blackboard now lists the new disks and a notebook of disk writeups is available for the DISK 143 SPORTS browsing shoppers Please let us know of other ways to improve our service to you Sports is the topic of our first theme disk This AN disk has all the software necessary to convert a WAP S CHRISTMAS DISK sedentary middle aged Apple owner into a 3 18 mara thoner Programs marked with I are in
31. One of the most exciting items announced recently is the Zero Card developed by Elliott Friedman and marketed by the Cyberon Corporation 1175 Wendy Road Ann Arbor MI 48103 phone 313 994 0326 This card plugs in to any slot and directly takes the output of the video ROM and pumps the characters down a 9600 baud port You can connect a voice synthesizer or a versabraille to the output This will work with either unprotected or protected software There are some limitations Currently it is wire wrapped so that it takes up two slot locations It outputs only at 9600 baud There are no handshakes This means you cannot use a Votrax Type amp Talk with it Pascal programs currently will not work because of different input output routines It is said to work with 75 to 80 of Apple software Since it uses none of the memory space a program such as Transcend can be run without shrinking the size of the capture buffer as an Echo II program may have to do The cost is 270 00 A spelling checking program is also available for 160 00 I hope to have these items in the computer room soon amp PROGRAM PREVIEWS oo EG z mY cara CO E E R December 17 Garage Sale Have any software you re bored with Any hardware you ve outgrown Want to do a little trading or buying We are running another garage sale so gather your extras tired withs and bring your coins to splurge during this pre holiday sale Washington Appl
32. Visualtek DP 10 STRENGTHS Software independent passive transparent hard ware device o Does not interfere with peripherals works with modem voice synthesizer printer etc e Creates Zsolid high contrast characters not dot matrix like The large print display is manipulated by a sepa rate user control panel no need to learn special meanings for keys on the Apple keyboard Joystick control of scanning direction and speed Line markers can be set for easier reading e A cursor location button rapidly finds and positions screen for data input cursor o User selectable polarity reversal switch for black on white or white on black display Eight image magnification sizes available allows use by persons with varying degrees of tow vision WEAKNESSES Does not support graphics display nor does it display text created using lo or hi res graphics Does not display characters or fields in inverse i e control characters used in word processing are not displayed the row numbers are not highlighted in VisiCalc o Since cursor character is different in CP M from that used in Applesoft or integer the cursor location key fails to consistently find it Visualtek is working on a fix o Some graphics games turn off the DP 10 as part of contd on pg 21 Washington Apple Pi VISUALTEK evectronicvisuaL ams HELP THE VISUALLY IMPAIRED TO STUDY LEARN NEW SKILLS AND PREPARE
33. a CATALOG I find the program I want but still have to wait for six more screens of titles to scroll off the screen before I can RUN it and by then I forgot how I spelled it in the first place There is a solution however and that is to grab control from DOS after it prints each screen of files and check to see if you want to display the rest of the titles will To do this a short machine language program must be written There are several steps to this program first the CATALOG routine must be modified so it jumps to our patch instead of just waiting for a keypress Then a short program gets a keypress compares it to the value of the ESC key and either returns to the CATALOG or exits depending on the outcome AE39 20 DF BC JSR BCDF GOTO UNUSED AREA IN DOS BCDF 20 1B FO JSR FO1B GET KEYPRESS BCE2 C9 9B CMP 9B IS IT ESC BCE4 FO Ol BEQ BCE7 YES BCE6 60 RTS NO GOTO CATALOG BCE7 4C 2C AE JMP AE2C ABORT CATALOG On the cosmetic side changing addreses 44541 and 44559 will change the space after file type or the space after the number of sectors in a file to whatever ASCII code characters you want If you ever want to really confuse someone change the file stored INTEGER type characters around The characters are in locations 45991 45998 in the order of TEXT APPLESOFT BINARY S R A AND B Notice that the a and B files are dif ferent from Applesoft or Binary files The chara
34. applica tions of the computer is also being developed and has numerous implications for the handicapped child Very little has ever been done before to assist the motor handicapped person to regain motor control without the necessity of cumbersome equipment or prosthetics Computer activated muscles may eventually allow the child to more accurately manipulate his her environ ment and capture similar learning experiences to their tages This includes the ability of computers to per form many of the tasks that other people have had to perform for the handicapped The above examples illustrate a few of the tool uses of computers and it is in this respect that computers will probably impact most on the lives of handicapped individuals The computer is integral as a tool for learning skills that will make communicating and daily life easier It is difficult to predict where this computer revolu tion will take us Will retardation be eliminated through microelectronic implantation Will microelec tronic biomedical engineering be able to cure para Pplegics by providing computer controlled stimulation to muscles Will the handicaps be taken out of disa bilities With continued research and development there is great promise for the education of handi capped children and their ability to function success fully in our world REFERENCES Goldenberg E P Special Technology for Special Chil dren Baltimore University Park Press
35. as Rana 8086 2 are scheduled for March 1984 and that list prices have not been established It is clear that Apple and Rana will attempt to keep the combined price of an Apple e and the Rana 8086 2 well below that of a similarly con figured IBM PC Ms Wolf also indicated that discussions are underway with producers of the most popular IBM PC software to induce them to make their programs fully compatible with a MS DOS equipped Apple She assumed that this could be accomplished by including Apple as one of the terminal configuration options available with each program With the introduction of the Rana 8086 2 Apple owners will have access to six operating systems MS 00S CP M 80 CP M 86 Apple DOS Pascal and PRODOS amp Waldo will turn your Apple Il into the command center of your home HE LL BE WATERIN THE LAWN 6 Gan F A yi e a multifunction circuit board with a complete software package e easily plugged into any Apple Il computer e a voice link between you and your computer a control link between your computer and your home e the heart of a system that will be expanded with a variety of plug in components and new software Apple It i a registered trademark of Applo Computer Inc EFD h an aD aD aD me GD O88 OSS OS CC nb aD un OD OA GD GR UD SE SO aD GD OD aD GD an GD 2 SC SS GR aD EI S228 2228 SSSS SSS OD CD CD SD OD GD OD GD GD SSS Hess eFC een BF oo op ao aa oo man H H Please send me M
36. bases real time control systems hardware problems Diversified experience reasonable rates Call Steve Knowles 767 3010 HELP WANTED I need help in choosing and using an accounting soft ware package for retail business in Columbia MD Ex perienced users only Call Mark Sheppard eve 301 997 3350 day 301 565 5750 TYPIST wanted for word processing Evening or day time 3 50 5 00 per hour on call basis will train Call Cara Cira 468 5718 evenings ASSISTANT DIRECTOR for the Computer Center Trinity College Washington DC part time beginning January Responsibilities include running microcomputer work shop for faculty and providing programming and appli cation software assistance to students and faculty Knowledge of one computer language and one microcom puter system Apple IBM or Radio Shack required Send resume to Computer Center Director Trinity Col I Michigan and Franklin N E Washington OC VOLUNTEERS NEEDED Volunteers are needed to provide in class assistance to an elementary school kindergarten class on a very primitive basis The school is located in Lake Ridge Woodbridge VA and involvement would only be once every 3 6 months depending on the number of volun teers and 2 hours per in class session per month Please contact Randy Zittel at 703 491 5493 eve nings or 202 325 7026 during the day No hardware software required only a desire and a very basic knowledge of the Apple II
37. colorful dice game 11 9 HIDDEN LINES Interesting hi res demo with unusual 3 d effect 11 10 HIRES ART HIRES END HIRES SKETCH HIRES OBJ some more hi res demonstrations 11 11 IMPACT Yet another hi res demonstration 11 12 LINCOLN See this famous president 11 13 OBJECT DRAWING A menu driven with nice sound effects lo res demo 11 14 SHAPE MENU SHAPER ASSEMBLER Run shape menu to create Applesoft vector shapes and assemble them into a shape table Also on Disk 134 ROWM DUP G t t 11 16 TICKER TAPE tape style Display your message 11 17 WASHINGTON See the father of our country DISK 16 UTILITIES V Reviewed by William Herrick 16 1 APPLE TYPER Turns your APPLE and printer into an electronic typewriter 16 2 APPLE TYPER II Additional subroutines for the APPLE TYPER program 16 3 CONVERTER Will accept hexadecimal decimal or binary base numbers and display their values in all 3 BASES 16 4 HEX ASCII B For DOS 3 2 ONLY When in stalled this machine routine will display hexadeci mal numbers in ASCII RUN HEX ASCII B INSTRUCTIONS for more information 16 5 HEX ASCII B INSTRUCTIONS Instructions for HEX ASCII B 16 6 HEX DEC CONY Converts hexadecimal into decimal or decimal into hexadecimal 16 7 LOADMON This program will load either OLDMON or NEWMON on a RAMcard at D000 FFFF 16 8 LOADMON INSTRUCTIONS Documentatio
38. computer to them for the past twenty plus years how much would you like to bet that most of the computer specialists in Wall Street advising circles come from the company with the three letter name IBM This seems to be the prevalent opinion in some microcomputer circles to explain the strange happen ings of mid October In the middle of October Apple Computer Inc released a corporate report for fiscal 1983 In this report it admitted that its 1983 growth rate would not be its normal 70 due to increased market competition and the 50 million expended to bring LISA on line Instead of a 70 growth they would only have a 30 growth Show me any of the classical stocks utili ties transportation industrials etc that come close to 30 growth Nevertheless the newspapers without really reading the report spouted headlines that Apple Computer Inc was losing money it wasn t it just wasn t INCREASING ITS PROFITS as fast as it had been Wall Street panicked Like Chicken Little running and the vagaries of the OTC market Apple Computer Inc stock on the OTC market plummeted to around 18 within a couple of days One Wall Street consultant who MUST own stock in IBM even predicted that Apple Computer Inc would not survive the computer shake out that has already claimed a few small companies and is in the process of claiming Atari and even the mighty DEC One of the most interesting facets of the who
39. concepts DLM Development Learning Materials is a major supplier of educational materials with a considerable reputation in the field of special education Their Word Attack uses flash card techniques The program is said to be for vocabulary building involving some 2000 word definitions at one definition per word There are 15 levels and 500 words per disk The validity of having children memorize the definition of say hale in this way was seriously challenged by members of the group Word Invasion by Educational Information Systems Inc uses arcade techniques with a man catching adverbs verbs and so on Even judged as an arcade game it is quite formidable Nobody has ever beaten it at Level Lae Elections Peter Combes was re elected Chairman of EDSIG and also appointed to the new position of SIG Columnist Last Minute Bulletin Just received from Learning Well the educational game THAT S MY STORY Review in our next issue amp MICRO SCI APPLE e UPGRADE A2 disk drive 64K 80 column card 395 MICRO SCI APPLE disk drive 239 MICRO SCI 64K 80 column card 170 Disk GS onnection fata 6641 Backlick Rd Suite 206 Springfield VA 22150 703 451 4100 December 1983 13 AM AM 1 AM by John UHAT F Love and BASIC the focal Machine the As I mentioned in my first article on Assembly language the KEYBOARD DECODER INTERPRETER the INPUT OUT
40. education of handicapped children N e P 0 BOX 1094 e BELTSVILLE MD 20705 In addition to the benefits that all children may 301 854 6948 derive from this age handicapped children and special 3 learners will receive some truly remarkable advan TL LT LT TL E E E S T E E E O E T E T E AE E Washington Apple Pi December 1983 TAS ARPS Ga es OAbe PEUFLEE bu Roger I don t think I need to argue the importance of computers in modern life to this audience And of course computers are important to disabled people in the same ways assuming the appropriate person machine interfaces can be made But in addition to these applications there are at least two ways in which computers are of special importance to disabled people For one thing the applications which dis abled and non disabled people have in common are quite often tasks which non disabled people could do much more easily than disabled people could without comput ers For example the editing which has traditionally involved drawing lines and arrows making erasures and writing words under or over other words ranges from extremely difficult to impossible in braille Thus word processing capability increases the productivity of a blind person even more than for a sighted person Also there are applications for which non disabled people do not use computers but which computers make possible for disabled people For instance computer ized speech synthesis is makin
41. last drive you accessed is the drive that the machine wil access next unless you give it a dif ferent drive designation by adding Dn where n is the drive number Unfortunately APPLE DOS does not tell you which drive it will access next or last one accessed either for that matter In CP M you always know which drive will be accessed unless you specify differently The command to access a different drive is simply the drive letter followed by acolon And you have encountered the first back wards in terms of APPLE DOS command There are others ahead Rather than placing the drive deigna tion at the end of the command you place it at the beginning Thus if you wanted to access a file called FILENAME on drive 8 drive 2 to APPLE DOS users you would type B FILENAME as contrasted with APPLE DOS where you would type FILENAME D2 While we are talking about drive identification let s take a short look at CP M s file naming conventions First the file name may contain two parts the FILENAME and the ExTension separated by a period or dot The FILENAME may not exceed 8 characters but may be less The EXTension may not exceed 3 charac ters The EXTensions are used to identify the type of file thus BAS would usually be a BASic file COM would be a COMmand file TXT a TeXT file etc If I wished to specify the drive an example might look like this A MYFILE TXT If MYFILE TXT was on the logged drive I w
42. law U S Department of Education 1982 Currently we are on the brink of another new era a revolution in our society moving from an industrial age to an informa tion age which probably holds an even brighter future for handicapped children particularly young handi capped children In this age of technologies the computer will be the central tool for work home life and recreation Computers and robots will do many of the tasks that our handicapped children require other people to do for them today With proper training handicapped children will also be able to make the decisions which help them use computers in their daily lives Behrmann Severely physically handicapped infants and toddlers are limited in the amount of interaction they can have with their environment This may limit the amount they can learn from it causing secondary handicaps and thus creating an even more handicapped individual This cycle can possibly be broken by using a microcom puter to give some of the environmental interaction back to the infant The early years are vitally important for conceptual and language development Kephart states that all knowledge is built on the infant s motor experimenta tion on the world around him Goldenberg 1979 p 40 Without that motor information the child is unable to attach meaning to his world Similarily Piaget states knowledge is derived from action Golden berg 1979 p 41 These individuals are
43. letters symbol keys are not allowed The duration of each note is set by pressing one of the bottom row keys from Z the shortest to M the longest 20 3 SMALL SMALL WORLD BRUNning the program will result in sort of variations on the William Tel Overture and on It s A Small World being played through the Apple speaker 20 4 MUSIC FOR A CLOSE ENCOUNTER The tune of Close Encounters of the Third Kind in various pitches tempi and articulations the medium of the Apple built in speaker rectangles of a variety of sizes displayed in with the sound signature rendered through Color time 20 5 LUDWIG S FANTASY More accurately described as Ludwig s Delirium Tremens the program ab uses the Motif from the 5th Symphony in the manner used in the MUSIC FOR A CLOSE ENCOUNTER above 20 6 SCORE A machine language program that plays the Dance of the Reed Flutes from Tchaikovsky s Nut cracker Suite in four part harmony The output is to the cassette port Part of the FOUR VOICES program below 20 7 FOUR VOICES The program plays melodies in multi voice harmony up to four The user has a choice of either the Apple speaker or the cassette port output Literature references for this program are given at the end of the program listing 5 different The self prompting program provides a choice of The Star Spangled Banner Theme from the Exodus Deck the Halls Dance of the Reed Flutes and Blues on the
44. long awaited 80 column version One side of the disk is 40 66 without hardware and on the other side is 80 columns with an 80 column board Now some even better news 59 95 for Word Handler and 49 95 for List Handler After purchase customer support is available if desired by con tractural agreement a separate 30 00 Word Handler List Handler and hand holding is available for LESS than the old price of Word Handler alone Word Handler uses logical mnemonics Ctri L for move cursor a line Ctri wW for move cursor a word Ctri P for move cursor a page etc 1 could go on but Word Handler is easy to learn and use Almost anyone can be using Word Handler within twenty minutes after they set up the program for their printer remember the printing capabilities The manual is well written and explains all the features It even creates form letters easily Anyone who gets the new version of Word Handler will want to contact me for the printer parameters Just send a SASE to me and 1 1 send any user the printer parameters Future articles will cover both Word Handler and List Handler features Q amp A contd from pg 10 dumb terminal that is characters typed on the keyboard will be sent directly to the modem and received characters will be displayed on the screen Usually you will want additional capabilities so you can save the incoming data jin memory or to disk edit your outgoing data or send disk f
45. marketed under the name of Personal Speech However the less costly Echo and Echo II made their appearance more than two years ago The Echo Voice Synthesizer has many features designed to aid the visually impaired computer user It is made by Street Electronics Corp 1140 Mark Ave Carpinteria CA 93013 phone 805 684 4593 The Echo II is designed to plug directly in to any Apple II peripheral slot and uses a small speaker box that can be laid under the Apple keyboard It comes with a copyable disk called Textalker Talking Terminal Graforth and Pascal disks are also available at a cost of under 25 00 for each The documentation is clear and comprehensive assuming no prior knowledge of computer operation or programming When you boot the disk and your computer begins talking it will have a mate voice which sounds like a Scotchman Most words are clear and well formed with the vowel sounds pro nounced precisely I personally find the accent of the voice refreshing compared to many Votrax based voices These units tend to slur many of the vowel sounds The Echo II can select 3 levels of punctua tion Control ES sets the unit to read only some punctuation Only necessary punctuation marks are pronounced such as decimal point number sign dollar sign plus equal In Most punctuation mode it gives you the word Period when it appears in the text Star apostrophe and exclamation are a few more exam ples By pressing Control EA yo
46. memory by typing 9020 98 4 save this version by typing BSAVE PROGRAM KEYS LISTING 1 10 REM HHRREKKAKREKHNKERKKEK 20 REM 30 REM MAKE SPECIAL 40 REM FUNCTION KEYS 50 REM 60 REM ReRRRR Ree 70 REM 80 PRINT CHR 4 BLOAD FUNCTION KEYS 90 TS 28672 TL 140 100 I TT tTS 2 110 HOME 120 VTAB 2 INVERSE HTAB 6 PRINT HTAB 6 PRINT SPECIAL FUNCTION KEY MAKER HTAB 6 PRINT NORMAL PRINT POKE 34 7 130 PRINT PRINT PRINT THIS PROGRAM ENABLES YOU TO TURN THE PRINT ENTIRE KEYBOARD INTO A SET OF PRINT PROGRAMMABLE FUNCTION KEYS PRESSING PRINT lt CONTROL F gt FOLLOWED BY A PRESPECIFIED 140 PRINT CHARACTER CAUSES A PRESPECIFIED TASK TO PRINT BE CARRIED OUT PRINT PRINT BASIC OR DOS COMMANDS MAY BE EXECUTED PRINT OR TEXT STRINGS MAY BE DISPLAYED ON THE SCREEN PRINT 150 PRINT THE PROGRAM WILL ASK YOU TO SPECIFY AND PRINT DEFINE THE SPECIAL FUNCTION KEYS YOU PRINT DESIRE 160 VTAB 24 INVERSE PRINT PRESS ANY KEY TO CONTINUE NORMAL GET XX 170 HOME PRINT PRINT TO TURN OFF THIS SPECIAL FUNCTION KEY PRINT MODE PRESS lt ESCAPE gt PRINT PRINT TO TURN THE SPECIAL FUNCTION KEY MODE PRINT BACK ON PRESS lt RESET gt lt CONTROL RESET gt PRINT ON THE IIE 180 VTAB 23 INVERSE PRINT PRESS ANY KEY TO RUN THE PRINT SPECIAL FUNCTION KEY PROGRAM NORMAL G
47. new toy type in the command DIR lt return gt and you should see a catalog of the disk You will notice at this time that everything written CP M is designed for 80 columns The PR 6 for You will notice that all of the lines begin normally but wrap around to the the next line of text This is because CP M was written for the majority of machines which utilize 80 columns of text and therefore your next purchase will be an inexpensive 80 column card so that you don t have to figure out which line ends where Note for Novice Users You do not need an 80 INTO CRAM of INTO YOUR APP ee the directory in 40 columns Most programs can be modified for 40 columns with the exception of totally screen oriented ones such as WordStar OK now that we have CP M installed our next step is to make a backup copy of the master diskette We will need only one program to accomplish this task COPY If you are looking at your directory you will notice a number of programs that have a suffix of COM such as STAT COM or PIP COM These programs are called com mand files and are said to be transient because like an Applesoft program they must be first loaded and then executed CP M has very few resident commands and unlike Apple DOS the INIT command is not a func tion of the Disk Operating System and therefore we must use a transient program to initialize the disk ette The most obvious program for this task jis called FORMAT COM and is invoked
48. number offered with any other package Applesoft enhancements include a PRINT USING that is fully integrated with all Applesoft PRINT features and actually remembers your formats INPUT command accepts any string including commas and evaluates numeric formulas as well as accepting numeric data Other features include fast STORE and RECALL of full arrays SUBSTRING searches and more MicroMaster does it all for you Simply choose the commands you want and let Micro Master make them available to your program You call them by name and can even rename them to whatever you want And by the way MicroMaster also eliminates the need for different RUN BRUN and EXEC commands simply mention the name and MicroMaster is smart enough to figure out what you want Commands include ADD APEEK APOKE BEEP BLEN BOOT CAT CEOL CEOP CLEAR CRAE DEL DL DLIST ERRMS FIND FIXS FIX FLEN FP FRE GOSUB GOTO GPLE HELP HOLD INPUT LOAD MAP MEM MENU MERGE MON MPOKE NEW OFF P PRINT RECALL REN RESET RESTORE RETURN RUN SAVE SECTORS SSOQR STOP STORE SUBSTR SWITCH TAB TONE TRUN UNDIM W WAIT hex decimal MicroMaster will make a difference in the speed and power of your programs Considering its extensive capability and ease of them easier to write A Revolutionary Operating System with Overlay Capability For Experienced Applesoft Users Do NOT confuse MicroMaster with pro grams that simply play with the amp vector MicroMaster is a totally u
49. of the New Member Reference Book als oe Each program has been given a unique serial number which is enclosed in brackets The number is not a part of the program file name on the library disks You can Office issue buy these disks at our meetings the WAP or by mail using the form in the back of this DISK 11 GRAPHICS I AND II Reviewed by Ron Bernstein Note At present the programs described here are on disks 11 and 17 These disks will be combined when we convert the library to 00S 3 3 format 11 1 CARDS MENU CARDS FAST SHUFFLE FIFTY TWO PICKUP PLAYING CARDS CARDS MENU uses these programs which demonstrate the use of hi res graphics to dis play playing cards The graphics are very nice and the card displaying routines could be adapted by you for the creation of computerized card games 11 2 CIRCLES A short but impressive hi res demo that uses circles to create complicated designs 11 3 COLOR EATER I A lo res graphics demo with sound draws a colorful pattern on the screen and then eats it up 11 4 EASTER EGG Draws a multi colored easter egg 11 5 EIGHTS Similar to CIRCLES but uses figure eights An impressive display from such a short program 11 6 EXPANDED DUMP EXPANDED DUMP B DRIVER Graph ics screen dump for IDS 440 printer Untested let us know if it works 11 7 FLAG See our flag rise Hear our Anthem 11 8 GRAPHIC CRAPS Gamble your money away with this
50. of Appie Computer Corporaton more Dsk Daves or hard dsk Macromodem It Sman SmartModem Micromodem I s a vademark of Hayes Modem or other autodal modem or acoustc coupler Microcomputer Products SOFTWARE DESIGNED WITH YOU IN MIND Southeastern Software 7743 Briarwood Drive New Orleans LA 70128 504 246 8438 or 504 246 7937 December 1983 TD S oa bet Broce Fe Fiela Last month I was asked if it was possible to put new 5V pini volume numbers on a disk without re initializing it My answer was that the volume number is imbedded Annunciotor 2K N2907 within each track and can only be changed by re Output initialization Dave Harvey wrote to tell me that Southwestern Data Systems now distributes a program Disk Library that allows the volume number to be g bow power changed It does this by patching DOS which causes it IN4001 A Reloy to use the Volume Number encoded at byte 6 of the VTOC as the one displayed by the DOS Catalog command rather than using the number encoded at one of the Gnd pin B inaccessible locations Once the patch has been installed th log command displays the number at byte 6 of the voe whether it jas been altered or Q I need some help in tracing the attached program on not Thus any Disk Zap program can be used to modify random numbers It is from the Applesoft Tutorial byte 6 of track 11 sector 0 the VTOC to whatever What I do not understand are the numbers printed by value between 0 an
51. pasture patties labeled as good advice And that son is how a mover and a shaker becomes a shucker anda jiver and it sometimes happens to the best of em Unfortunately whatever a prominent consultant or analyst says is accepted by so many people that it almost automatical ly comes to pass The true test of a strong company is if it can swim upstream against the pundits The market is a gamble and the Mafia just wishes it had an inside piece of that action because it s a no limits game with billions and trillions of dollars at stake Did you know that in most states that allow legalized gambling the fairness rules require that the customer has at least a 45 chance of winning any of the games If you want to do an inter esting study sometime dig into how many stockholders actually MAKE money on Wall Street versus how many lose their shirt If the market is so danged lucra tive how come these fancy account executives for these brokerage firms ain t all millionaires Son if you want to gamble the average Joe would do better playin blackjack in Vegas than the stock market in New York at least in Vegas he s got a 45 chance of winnin on Wall Street there s no guarantee Of course I don t advocate gamblin my money s too hard come by for that sort o nonsense Do you think Atlantic City might give better than Vegas Ed odds Disk Connection Ltd s User Group Special
52. seems to be evolving line 40 to 120 or GOTO 120 Also delete line 110 from my subroutine It now only remains to add For some time now I have been using a subroutine to conditions to handle negative numbers and decimals A insert commas jinto large numbers since my students simple task but alas I have 3 000 007 simple have difficulty reading such numbers without poking a tasks still waiting to be addressed pen against the monitor The routine works fine as presented here however because it converts numbers to strings and then works from right to left in plac ing commas into the string it has been baffled by REM REM COMMAS IN BIG NUMBERS REM ss2esorccosassossesss NDONaWwre Apple s fetish for exponential notation It would REM for example convert 1234567891234 to 1 234 567 89E REM Richard Rowell 12 REM November 1 983 REM Then in the October WAP magazine John Love s article 35 DIVIDER appeared suggesting a simple method of avoiding the 110 N STR NUMBER exponential format I spliced it onto my own routine 120 FOR I 0 TO LEN N 1 and now all positive integers can be displayed in a 130 NUMBER MID N LEN N I 1 NUMBERS proletarian format 140 IF 1 2 32 INT 1 1 3 ANDI lt LEN N 1 THEN NUMBER DIVIDER NUMBER I have made the comma a string variable line 35 150 NEXT I because the new international notation calls for 160 RETURN amp spaces before eve
53. the game normally allows thus heightening his abilities The mapper menu gives the Ultima 2 player the option of printing individual Ultima maps on his printer providing a wider view point than the video screen allows Overall this reviewer found Ultimaker 2 to be helpful indeed in enhancing the play of Ultima 2 Highest Quality Lifetime Guarantee DISKETTES 5 soft sectored with 1 65 envelopes hub ring double density double sided on APPLE and other computers not using timing pulse holes Order 100 for 155 For bulk paks of 100 of above 149 single sided Hard plastic stand up 10 diskette carrying cases 2 75 each 4 for 10 beige black blue green red grey yellow Disk Drives 100 APPLE compatible 40 199 track full size Siemens type quality drives with manufacturer s 1 year warrantee Add 2 to total order for UPS shipping or 5 for drives plus 2 for COD or 4 for credit card or invoiced orders VF ASSOCIATES 6327 Western Ave N W Wash D C 20015 202 363 1313 December 1983 51 Ode Vid Ip 1 x Sbert Here is the second installment of the Documentation Team s efforts They include a brief description of each program on the disk known bugs and hints on using the disk Documentation for disks 12 13 19 23 25 27 100 102 105 and 122 appeared in the November WAP Journal Descriptions of the remainder of the WAP Library can be found on pages 12 to 34
54. this and the command is S It is not possible to both copy the system and format a disk as one operation One or the other must be done separately Ah well remember CP M is C P M remember what those initials mean also has an EDitor and you can use it as a Word Processing EDitor In addition there is a short print formatter program on one of the CP M SIG s disk from the Pi so that you could use it in conjunc tion with the EDitor to have a rather complete albeit awkward word processing system CP M Let s look at one last utility before closing CP M has the neat feature of letting you TYPE any file to the screen or to the printer and screen If you wish to print any text file on your printer you type lt P that s Ctr P and you have turned your printer on It s that simple Now the command TYPE will do just that TYPE your text file The format of the command is TYPE DRIVE FILENAME where DRIVE ts the drive designation we have seen before A B etc and FILENAME is a filename plus an extension if used If it is a TeXT file or a BASic program CP M will print it to screen if you have not turned on the Printer or to both the screen and the Printer if you turned on the Printer Now if you have purchased the CP M SIG disks from the Pi you can immediately read the documentation Just place the disk in the drive do a DIR and look for the DOCumen tation It will have the form of CPMSTGna
55. were essentially all there was to use then The earliest interactive machines used teletypes to connect to the computer and the computer printed back to the teletype Data or programs were punched into paper tape and then re entered at a later date I can remember as recently as 1978 and I think they still do it working with the mainframe at Maryland U in their computer lab a large room with teletype machines hooked to the Rem Rand mainframe and having to store my data on punched paper tape to take it with me Teletypewriters with punched tape devices affixed were in much greater demand than those without Another feature from that era which is not very useful now is the concept of USER area in memory or on disk CP M allows you to have up to 16 USER areas defined Each could use their own area and not be read by another user Today with micros in each per son s hands you don t need to share space with anoth er user The other user is on his her OWN machine It does provide a low level of security however Since when you boot the CP M system it defaults to USER area 0 you could change this to another USER number from 0 15 and thus if anyone else did a DIRectory on your disk they would not see your files Of course if they then concluded that the disk was empty and reformatted it you ve got problems Since we have been talking about disk and drives at least I was about 7 paragraphs back I would lik
56. with a good typist Mr Schneider uses a standard mechanical Morse key cabled to the game I 0 connector for input Such mechanical keys are expensive however and difficult to mount for the special needs of the handicapped The homebuilt unit shown in the two accompanying fig ures can be readily adapted to operation by various parts of the body The software requires that pushbutton 0 and pushbutton J on the game port be activated in turn to make the dots and dashes of Morse code This unit activates the pushbuttons in response to the interruption of two tiny light beams no force is required to break the heips The mechanical lay out can be modified for almost any configuration The hand operated unit shown in Fig 1 consists of a wooden handle two small circuit boards and a cable A small piece of foam helps position the index finger between the two light beams If the finger is flexed inward slightly the PBO beam is broken This has exactly the same effect as pressing the pushbutton on the zero paddle of the Apple Straightening the finger breaks the PBl beam The entire unit can be held in the lap or in any comfortable position and all keyboard strokes can be achieved with six or fewer one quarter inch movements of one finger Figure 2 shows the circuit schematic The LEDS and phototransistors are sets Radio Shack part 276 142 The two small circuit boards were cut from 276 157 predrilled circuit board and the cable is 278 365
57. 451 Megabytes Largest transparent core array 75 million FP numbers 100 400 new Mainframe Basic commands bring machine language speeds to interpretive Basic Powerful instructions comprise extensions to Applesoft that include many of the most useful com mands found in FORTRAN COBOL PL 1 ADA PASCAL and LOGO Enormously simplified ease of programming modular insulated routines localized variables ability to pass variable names Dependence on line numbers totally removed e Substantially increased speeds program execution 3x 10x file access 6x 10x alpha data transfer rate 2x 6x and numeric transfer gt 20x On the applications side the PLUS portion of MegaTASK PLUS includes e Hardcopy and screen Business Graphics Calc Database Management and Word Processing Appli cations Packages plus Custom Modifiability e Editing Systems amp Format Related Commands e Communications Corporate Data Capture programs Washington Apple Pi Text Manipulators and better than TSO Program Editors e Database Management Systems capable of main taining and sorting Supermini Size Datafiles Max imum single transparent file 5 5 million records if 80 chrs ea File access time independent of file size Report Generators and Strategic Business Analysis programs similar to those used by most of America s Fortune 500 Corporations e The only system capable of taking full transparent advantage of on
58. 6 Calls up until midnight are ok Current Office hours are Mon Wed Fri 10 AM to 2 30 PM Tue 12 30 to 2 30 PM amp 7 to 9 30 PM Thurs 10 AM to 2 30 PM amp 7 to 9 30 PM Sat 12 to 4 PM meeting Sat only MEMBERSHIP IN CALL A P P L E Membership in Call A P P L E a users group in Kent Washington is available at a discount to WAP members The one time application fee is 5 instead of 25 and the annual dues of 20 remain the same making a total of 25 for the first year Call the WAP office for further details and an application blank 4 December 1983 Washington Apple Pi Prise Ere 6 by Morgan ag Paw io WOZ WINGS TO WAP WITH MC IN TOW SH Hello Steve Hello who is this stein from Washington Apple Pi Oh came the reply How s the 28th of January for your visit Fine came the response Mind if I bring a McIntosh along No not at all uh I said trying to seem casual Well Bye Bye Steve Click Rrring Rrring David Morgan YOUR SUGGESTIONS If one one hundredth of our members came to the next board meeting we would have to con vene in the USUHS Auditorium One of my concerns about our size is the increased difficulty of knowing what most members want from the WAP Fortunately almost every board meeting is attended by at least one new comer who may only come once but who adds an important fresh perspective We occasionally receive excelle
59. 7 OFP POR oie SNe Associate Editors 202 363 5963 Betsy Harriman 301 229 3458 Genevie Urban President David Morganstein 301 972 4263 Vice President Dana Schwartz 301 725 6281 Treasurer Edward Myerson 703 759 5479 Secretary Sarah Lavilla 301 926 6355 Directors Bernie Benson 202 546 0076 Peter Combes 301 871 1455 Bruce Field 301 340 7038 Nancy Philipp 301 924 2354 Gordon Stubbs 703 750 0224 Rich Wasserstrom 703 893 9147 Editor Bernie Urban 301 229 3458 Journal Staff Store Distrbtn Ray Hobbs 301 490 7484 Columnists Applesoft James T DeMay Jr 301 779 4632 Business Leon Raesly 301 460 0754 EDSIG Peter Combes 301 871 1455 QA Bruce Field 301 340 7038 Telecomm Dave Harvey 703 527 2704 VisiCalc Walt Francis 202 966 5742 Rich Wasserstrom 301 654 8060 Call Kevin at office on M W Th F John Malcolm 301 384 1070 Dave Weikert Bob Hicks Ed Lang Jim amp Nancy Little Terry Prudden Bruce Redding Gordon Stubbs Group Purchases Head Disk Lib Library Staff New Disks Bob Platt 202 223 1588 Pascal Lib Mike Hartman 301 445 1583 703 569 8037 Head Reading Lib Walt Francis Apple Tea Coord Paula Benson 202 966 5742 CP M Lib Kit Leithiser 7 202 546 0076 Arrangements Marge Gildenhorn 301 460 5540 Mike Koenig 301 948 5371 Demonstrations Signe Larson 703 524 4541 General Counsel Jim Burger Shaw Pittman Po
60. 72 and its length 8C 140 This driver assumes that the machine language program has been saved under the name PROGRAM KEYS starting at memory location 7000 Line 200 asks the user to define a keystroke which will signify the end of a function key defini tion This will usually be a RETURN unless a carriage return is to be part of a function key definition e g carriage return will normally be the last key stroke for immediate execution DOS commands Lines 230 290 request the user to select and define a series DEF INEP PROGRAMMABLE 300 400 modify the addresses in the machine language program prior to its move to another location in memory Lines 410 440 move the program to a location just under DOS 9500 Lines 450 520 allow the user to save this set of function keys in a file which may be easily used in the future simply BRUN the saved file Line 530 calls the machine language program which turns on the special function key mode LISTING 2 is the machine language program which checks the keyboard to see if one of the special keys CON TROL F ESCAPE or RESET has been pressed Memory location 7020 contains the machine language value of CONTROL F 86 This can easily be changed if the user wishes to use a different key to initiate the special function key mode For example to use CONTROL X 98 1 load the program into memory by typing BLOAD PROGRAM KEYS 2 enter the monitor mode by typing CALL 151 3 place 98 in
61. 84 DBB2 INPUT A8 F39F STORE FB UNDEF D FUNCTION 85 F331 DEL A9 F262 SPEED FC ERROR IN 86 DFD9 DIM AA DA46 LET BREAK 87 DBE2 READ AB 093E GOTO END amp 88 F390 GR AC 0912 RUN 89 F399 TEXT AD D9C9 IF 8A F1E5 PR AE 0849 RESTORE I Am What I Am contd from pg 14 8B FIDE IN AF 03F5 amp 8C F105 CALL BO 0921 GOSUB 8D F225 PLOT Bl D96B RETURN If the character seen is lt CR gt the X register counter 8E F232 HLIN B2 D9DC REM is incremented and the new count stored in memory 8F F241 VLIN B3 D86E STOP 90 F3D8 HGR2 B4 DIEC ON Then this count jis compared with 18 If the 91 F3E2 HGR B5 E784 WAIT count 18 this means that 18 lines of your program 92 F6E9 HCOLOR B6 D8C9 LOAD are now on the screen 93 F6FE HPLOT B7 D8BO0 SAVE 94 F769 DRAW B8 313 DEF Memory location C000 is that designated for key 95 F76F XDRAW B9 E778 POKE board input Lines 36 38 serve as a loop until a 96 FJE7 HKTAB BA DADS PRINT CTRL S is pressed CTRL S high byte is 93 97 FC58 HOME BB 0896 CONT 98 F721 ROT BC D6A5 LIST When a CTRL S is finally pressed and only a 99 F727 SCALE BD 066A CLEAR CTRL S is pressed then lines 39 40 reinitialize 9A F775 SHKLOAD BE OBAO GET the lt CR gt counter to zero Line 42 is called clear 9B F260 TRACE BF D649 NEW ing the keyboard strobe Mr Wagner explains that 9C F26F NOTRACE wane wow ewce it is always a good idea to clear the keyboard when 9D F273 NORMAL co TAB you re done with it Otherwise yo
62. 9 95 59 95 i inctude card nd expir x Allow J weeks for porsona Choc caus Eee Insoft COD s roquire 10 doposit ait COD charges to be paid by customer GraForth Il 75 00 59 95 Prices subject to change without notico ali items subjoct to avalability x e Many ying padi spied cashier s check or bank wire deposit accepted include full telephone number on all il orders Include 2 00for potaee and RANGIAO par sana shipment UPS Cc ALL DC rosidents add 6 tax i tax axompt include number j for information i about our i MONTHLY SPECIALS Mi EA IL a a a ee a a eh eh ee eed ee ee ee et eh ee ee ee ee ent Cm 32 December 1983 Washington Apple Pi LE a a E ae es ee ee aed ae ae ae ae ae ae EE A Description List Salo HARDWARE Disk Drives Micro Sci A35 wa Controller Add wiControlier Rana Fite One Elite One Pius Contra ler Quentin 00 SMD hard sk 5wa Hloppy dre Controler Card Monitors BMC 12A 15MH AMDEK Video 300G Viteo JOOA Dot Matrix Printers Epson MX 80 49 00 FxX 80 699 00 Mx 100 845 00 DS Prg AP w al aghans 699 00 MicrePusm 799 00 NEC 8003 645 00 Onidata 92 699 00 93 199 00 Daisy Wheel Printers C itoh Starwrter J cps 895 00 Prownter 55cos 2 395 00 Smith Cerna TR t R95 00 Teanga 130 Best Bu BOS 00 Surge Protection Kensington Syster Saver Also available Modems interfaces Disk drives Accessories Terminals Peripherals Joysticks Paddles Keypads
63. ALE SALE For Washington Apple Pi Members only All WAP disks when you buy 5 or more disks at one time 4 00 per disk Starting at the November 26 meeting and ending when the Club Office closes on December 23 At the November and December meetings and at the Club Office Washington Apple Pi A MINIMUM MOVEMENT i Many handicapped people would be greatly working with computers if they could enter all keyboard strokes by making a simple movement of a particular part of the body For example someone in a wheelchair who has limited hand use might find the single finger keyboard shown in Fig 1 a vast improve by Tom Ley aided in ment over a mouthstick By employing software in the public domain and an inexpensive 20 00 homebuilt device that plugs into the game I O port it is now possible to perform all keyboard functions with a minimum movement This short article will discuss the construction of such a unit The normal keyboard input will be replaced by Morse code a system that uses only two input signals Software that lets the Morse code key replace the keyboard is provided in the article Communicating in Code by Wolfger Schneider Creative Computing October 1983 See also article this issue Ef The article also includes a special HELLO program to load the Morse keyboard machine language program and a Morse Tutor to assist in learning the code A good Morse operator can easily keep pace
64. BLE PRODUCTS Amdisk III dual 3 inch drives 441 00 Keytronics K8200 Keyboard 245 00 Videx Ultraterm 132 column board 280 00 Koala Graphics Touch Pad w software 95 00 Omega Microware Ramex 128 340 00 Kensington System Saver eeees 69 95 16m COMPATIBLE PROOUCTS Portable Computer Columbia VP 128k 2 320k drives RX 80 Printer cable and 3 000 00 worth of free software cccceccccccscccsccece 929 729 00 Desk Top Computer Columbia MPC 1600 01 128k 2 drives 8 I6M expansion slots Epson RX 80 Printer Cable Amdek 300G Monitor Quadram Clock additional 64k RAM and 3 000 00 worth of software scccssceeccceccccecsee 939529200 Peripherals Quadram QUAD 512 64k serial 258 00 AST MegaPlus 64k clock serial 299 00 Tecmar GRAPHICS MASTER 600x400 586 00 Taligrass 20meg hard disk w tape 3 220 00 PONITORS Princeton Graphics eeseeeeecees 6 495 00 Amdek 300A Amber Hi Res 149 00 SOF TWARE LOTUS 1 2 3 Version 1 A ecceeeees 345 00 gbase Il occcccsecccccevecsessccess 435 00 Quickcode cececeeceecceevcveceeese 203 55 Microsoft Word e s sesessseess ee ede 70 00 TERMINALS TeleVideo 970 ccc cece cc ee ence ee Sl 240 00 Qume 102 Green ccccccscccevcecee ee 6 9948 00 GALCU INCORPORATED 315 East Diamond Avenue Suite J2 Gaithersburg Maryland 20877 301 258 9505 Washington Apple Pi Microcomputer System Int
65. ET XX of special function keys pressing the end of defint 190 HOME tion keystroke when requested to input a special 200 PRINT PRINT ENTER END INPUT SYMBOL function key will end the key definition mode Lines GET EE 34 December 1983 Washington Apple Pi 210 PRINT PRINT PRINT 220 MM 230 PRINT SPECIAL FUNCTION KEY 240 GET M IF M EE THEN 290 250 PRINT M I I 1 POKE I ASC M 128 260 PRINT PRINT FUNCTION DEFINITION fz 270 GET DF IF DF EE THEN POKE I ASC MM u PRINT GOTO 230 280 MM DF I I 1 PRINT DF POKE I ASC DF 128 GOTO 270 290 I I 1 POKE I 0 300 L I TS 1 0F 9472 L S1 INT DF 256 S2 DF 256 S 310 2X 17 S2 Z 112 Sl IF ZX gt 255 THEN ZX ZX 256 2 5 Z 1 320 POKE 28673 ZX POKE 28680 Z 330 2X 28 S2 Z 112 S1 IF ZX gt 255 THEN ZX ZX 256 2 2 1 340 7 aa 2X POKE 28800 2X POKE 28694 Z POKE 28 Z 350 ZX 106 S2 Pai Sl IF ZX gt 255 THEN ZX ZX gt 256 2 i s 360 POKE 28766 ZX P POKE 28770 Z 370 380 390 ZX 139 S2 Z 112 SI ZX 256 2 2 2 1 eK 28726 ZX POKE 28730 2 83 2 2 112 7 26 2 2 1 POKE 28744 ZX POKE 28751 2X POKE 28774 2X POKE 28787 ZX POKE oo Z POKE 28752 2 POKE 28775 2 POKE 28788 2 410 GOSUB 420 GOTO 450 420 N TS LC 60 GOSUB 440 N TS L 1 LC GOSUB 440 N 38143 LC 64 GOSUB 440 N L LC 66 GOSUB 440
66. Elections Bob Platt School Coordinators Virginia 301 654 8060 301 468 6118 703 820 8304 202 223 1588 703 451 9373 703 691 1619 301 657 2353 301 699 8200 202 363 5963 301 656 4389 301 460 0754 301 881 2543 301 229 5730 202 223 1588 Barbara Larson Nancy Strange Margie Stearns Conrad Fleck Betsy Harriman Tom Warrick Leon Raesly Steve Stern Boris Levine Bob Platt Mont Co MD Pr Geo Co MD Special Publctns SYSOP Tutorials Volunteer Coord SIG Coordinator SIG Chairmen Appleseeds David Stern 301 881 2543 APPLE Bill Hershey 301 588 1992 ASMSIG Ray Hobbs 301 490 7484 Business John New 301 577 7959 CESIG John Kapke 301 694 5968 Roy Rosfeld 301 340 7962 CP M Charles Franklin 301 997 9138 OISABLEDSIG Curt Robbins ABBS WAP428 or write 8805 Barnsley Court Laurel MD 20708 or phone John Molineaux 301 341 7391 EDSIG Peter Combes 301 871 1455 FORTH SIG lt Home Control SIG Russ Eberhart 301 596 4995 LAWSIG Charles Field 202 265 4040 LOGOSIG Nancy Strange 703 691 1619 NEWSIG Bernie Benson 202 546 0076 Pascal PIG Harry Bishop 703 931 4937 Jim Harvison 703 593 2993 SIGAMES Jim Eatherly 202 232 6046 STOCKSIG Robert Wood 703 893 9591 Telecomm SIG George Kinal 202 863 6489 EDITOR ITAL On a snowy day in December 1978 the very first meet ing of Washington Apple Pi took place in a basement off Col
67. Integer Remember that we have an excellent Christmas disk Bas ic Vol 103 in our sales library There are a tot of fun holiday things on this disk some swell Christ 143 1 MARATHON PREDICTOR The entrants to a major mas graphics a couple of Christmas songs and a nifty marathon were surveyed to learn the effects of train demo pak from Call A P P L E And up until Christmas ing on their performance This program is based upon you can buy this disk for only 4 00 when you buy any a statistical analysis of the survey The program five club disks will predict how long it will take to run a 26 2 mile race based upon the answer to four questions Special thanks are due to Walt Francis who will com bine the Comm Center Visicalc templates with others 143 2 DECATH HALL OF FAME Olympic Decathlon by donated by Jim Hubbard Al Merritt and Roy Rosfeld Timothy W Smith is a popular commercially published Contact Walt or myself if you can help launch our computer game This program will keep track of your template spreadsheet utility collection family s top scores To use the program RUN DECATH BUILD to create the necessary data files 12 sectors Five disks premiered in November Disk 702 Goforth are needed Whenever you play Decathlon write down Disks 406 8 with the ZCPR modification to CP M and the scores for each player at the end of the game Disk 143 Sports Then RUN DECATH HALL OF FAME and enter the scores into the data base This program can
68. LINE Have a problem The following club members have agreed to help PLEASE keep in mind that the people listed are VOLUNTEERS Respect all telephone restrictions where listed and no calls after 10 00 PM except where indicated Users of the Hotline are reminded that calls regarding commercial software packages should be limited to those you have purchased Please do not call about copied software for which you have no documentation If the person called has a telephone answering machine and your call fs not returned don t assume that he did not try to return your call perhaps you were not home Try again General Dave Harvey 703 527 2704 Robert Martin 301 498 6074 APPLE SSC Bernie Benson 202 546 0076 Apple TechNotes Ed Schenker 301 977 7349 Lance Bell 703 550 9064 Basis 108 Loftus Becker 202 338 5217 Communications Packages and Modems Telecom Anchor Sig amp BIZCOMP Modem Jeremy Parker 301 229 2578 Apple CAT II Ben Acton 301 428 3605 ASCII Express Dave Harvey 703 527 2704 CompuServe Jerry Michalski 703 442 8835 General Ben Acton 301 428 3650 Tom Nebiker 216 867 7463 Hayes Smartmodem Bernie Benson 202 546 0076 Omninet Tom Vier 1 6 PM 703 860 0083 Source amp Transcend Jerry Michalski 703 442 8835 VISITERM Steve Wildstrom 301 564 0039 XTALK CP M Comm Bernie Benson 202 546 0076 Corvus Hard Disk Tom Vier 1 6 PM 703 860 0083 Expediter Compiler Peter Rosden 301 229 2288 Data Bases dBase II L
69. O8 CHR 10 RETURN To exit superscript mode XX PRINT CHR 27 CHR 102 CHR 10 CHR 27 A CHR 27 CHR 93 RETURN The problem of replacing the XX s with proper line numbers is left as an exercise for the student amp CURRENT AND EARTH BASE ONE HIGH TECH PERFORMING ARTS CENTER We are interested in providing workshops and perform ances of electronic and computer music and or graph ics and new music groups Call Rupert Chappelle 301 942 0995 MINUTE MANUALS Minute Manuals provide the best is software docusenta tion Gur step by step procedures aake learning easy and quick Minute Manuals have a proven track record being used extensively in aany schools and universities and being carried by the largest book store chain in the country B Dalton Having a Minute Manual is like having your own private consultant Minute Manual For Apple Writer e Minute Manual For DB Master Minute Manual For Apple Writer JI Glossary Disk for Apple Writer e amp and Epson Geaini Apple NEC Prouriter amp Okidata 9 93 Optional Data Disks for 0B Master Manual 69 95 Gur readers coesent This manual answers all the questions left by the Apple Writer J anual and is a sust for anyone with an Epson printer Open Discussion Softalk July 1983 Many readers have coseented on the usefulness of the Minute Manual it is readable inforeative and concise Peter Olivieri Softalk October 1983 i wo
70. OR MAP by Jeff Alperin Gives track allocation on DOS 3 3 disks 132 5 infomation on Integer Basic contd 57 132 6 DISPLAY ASCII PAGE BY PAGE Is a useful utility that allows you to examine each page of the Apple s Memory 256 bytes in ASCII format That is as characters instead of numbers 132 7 HUFFIN by Dana Schwartz Is a very important utility that allows the 48K Apple user to read a Pascal TEXT file into memory and then transfer it onto a DOS disk as a TEXT file This makes it possible to load your Pascal programs into your Apple Writer II or ScreenWriter word processors 132 8 JOYSTICK Gives a ton of information on building a joystick and a hi res schematic It also includes a text file and an Apple Writer I file giving additional information on the construction of a joy stick This is worth the price of the disk if you Tike to tinker 132 9 LC KILLER by Eric Lambrecht Changes pro grams written in upper lower case to upper case only programs This utility is especially important now since the new e s have U L case capabilities and older Apples are restricted to upper case This program makes it easy to trade user written software between these machines 132 10 LOAN ADVISOR by G Jonas An aid to planning loans 132 11 MEMAP Applesoft Memory Map EXEC this file and it gives information on where strings arrays and variables are stored in memory 132 12 PADDLE TEST by Pete
71. PBO PIN 2 b FIGURE 1 Electrical connection of the three position switch is easily achieved via the Apple s game 1 0 socket A 16 pin DIP connector should be hooked up as shown LABELS 3 PAPER 9 RIBBONS TRS 80 re prenter IH amp IV Da DIABLO 620 tim Ptytype I him NEC 5500 7700 tum 550077700 cicth 3900 tim clotn 8023 cioth ITOH Prowriter Qu w 10S 560 EPSON MX 70 80 Mx 100 LOAD YOUR OWN AND SAVE Ret Ricon NEC Epson MX 70 80 Pr Epson MX 100 Hours Monday thru Friday 9 5 Washington Apple Pi precede on A THE SMALL COMPUTER SUPPLIES STORE x 15716 5 000 16 00 PRINTWHEELS X EL AN weights 26 95 6 50 oa 4 75 ca 7 45 ea 46 50 doz 63 00 doz 69 90 doz 11 90 ea 4 95 na 4 95 ca 33 50 doz 54 00 doz 5 75 ea 8 50 ca 18 00 os syed I Recon IME td clatn film its tor Diablo Quine Diablo Plastic 6 40 Diablo Meta 41 50 amp 49 95 Diablo 620 11 40 Qume 6 40 amp 7 90 SPECIAL Bulk Pack Diskettes 5 10 sec SS DD SCOTCH 1 85 5 16 sec SS DD Wabash 1 65 While They Last We also stock Verbatim Kybe Memorex IBM Maxell NEW world s Best Floppy The Brown Disk 5 Single and Double Side 48 TPI 29 95 96 TPI 39 95 a 960 5900 8304 Hilltop Road titer NEC 8023 3 50 rca 38 99 Fairfax Virginia 22031 Merrifield Area UPS Shipping FOB Fairfax VA Saturday 10 2 SAVE ON DISKE
72. PLOTTER GRAPHING RATIONAL FUNCTIONS Mathematical functions entered on a program line are plotted on the hi res graphics screen This is help ful to math students in visualizing algebra problems 127 7 METRICS AREA METRICS KITCHEN METRICS LENGTH and METRICS TEMPERATURE WEIGHT A practical set of programs for converting English units to metric and vise versa A wide variety of different English units are included even those usually found in recipes like a teaspoon cup etc This series will be of interest to anyone who deals with the antiquated English system of units 127 8 PLANT COMPETITION A model of an enviroment in which two plant species compete for the same ground is depicted You watch two plant populations grow and recede over many generations Biology students farm ers and gardeners will be interesed in watching the plants complete for space and light Suggested ranges are given for each of the character istics that describe the plants Try running the program with two plants that are alike except for one of the characteristics Start with one plant from each of the two populations putting the specimens near the middle of the screen so they can spread 127 9 SATELLITE POINTING The correct compass bearings are given for pointing dish antennas at satellites in geosynchronous orbit Such antennas three meters wide are currently available for home Ty A new system with one meter antennas is now available in E
73. PUT 1 0 BUFFER and 6502 CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT CPU play the roles in translating the operator s keyboard presses to the on and off pulses that the CPU under stands To review the bidding the KEYBOARD DECODER translates the keyboard press to its high byte binary equivalent which is then stored in the I 0 BUFFER Once the BASIC INTERPRETER understands this key board press this high binary byte is released and converted to low byte under the direction of the 6502 CPU Once a lt CR gt is pressed the string of low byte characters in the 1 0 BUFFER is stored in memory beginning at decimal location 02048 During this multi stage process of course each key board press is shown on the screen This is because the CPU has called the MONITOR routine COUT FDED to enact the display As Mr Roger Wagner states in his Assembly Lines series completed a short time ago in Softalk an indirect JuMP to 9EBD with DOS act ive is accomplished via the Character output SWitch CSW at memory locations 36 37 Eventually COUT FDFO is called which places your keyboard press on the screen The point here is that if you want to intercept the output to screen process simply hook your Machine language routine to 36 37 Your routine will accomplish any intermediate processing followed by a JuMP to COUT1 Simple isn t it hook up process and re transmit Let s try it In Applesoft upon LISTing a program to the monitor
74. R 30 to return it to 10 cpi mode File Cabinet allows you to predefine the format of printed reports To specify a format you must first plan the number of fields from each record that will appear in the report For example my list of entrants displayed 4 fields NUM NAME AGE and SEX When using the report generator I specified those 4 headers When asked ENTER OF HEADER YOU WANT IN POSITION 1 I typed in 1 because NUM is the first CAB AMET GOES Frata FO TRG IRS my disk for future use I then began to enter race numbers names and ages for each entry form Option 3 Add New Records allowed me to type in each field or header without the use of intervening menus Since I was only entering four items for each runner I thought that I would have plenty of room in my Apple s memory even though File Cabinet warned that I had room for about 84 records As I entered runner 085 I got a subscript out of bounds error Why File Cabinet dynamically allo cates an array in memory to hold your entire data base at the same time As a result line 1170 finds out how much free memory is available and then calculates the number of records that can be stored assuming that each record field has an average of 13 charac ters Even if more memory is available an array is DIMensioned based on this assumption and any attempt to store more records causes the program to crash I fixed this problem by removing this routine and typing
75. S companies the captains of industry Unfortunately the heads there are not always so cool Our case in point is the report on earnings released by Apple Computer Inc in mid October Over the years Apple Computer Inc has had a growth rate of about 70 per year in the earnings profit category This is one reason for the popularity of such high tech stocks However such stocks in new technology are from their very natures involved with the unfamiliar rarified air of science and engineering where the financial and business moguls are untrained and unprepared to tread Such being the case most of these financial analysts must rely on technology experts and as we al know an expert is a former drip under pressure to inter pret the viability and soundness of such companies as Apple The problem comes with the present glut of high tech stocks where do you get the men who know the answers and how many do you need Obviously one needs at least one answer man specialist in each field of the new technology you wouldn t ask a communications satellite specialist to render an opinion on genetic engineering not and expect the opinion to be valid Knowing the financial and big business types to them a computer is a computer and they would not draw the lines between micros minis and main frames Likewise it is almo t a sure bet that they would go for expertise to the one place that has meant
76. S the primary IBM PC operating sytem will cut its useful ness dramatically We need you Mac Or should I say Mc We spoke with members of the local T I users group and they appear undaunted by the turn of events In fact they were interested in finding ways in which users groups can share resources and support educa tional uses of microcomputers Bernie Urban and I are continuing a dialog with several user s groups including Radio Shack IBM and Commodore groups to discuss ways in which we might help each other amp FIND OUT ABOUT THE COMPUTER GENERATION A New Kind of Computer Learning Environment for Young People The Computer Generation run by professional educators combines the fun of a hobby center with the enrichment of a varied and complete learning experience Special discounts for Charter Members Call ARIES International 301 871 1455 for details December 1983 5 S G NEWS APPLE SIG meets on the second Thursday of the month at 7 30 PM The next meeting will be on Decem ber 8 at Universal Computers 1710 Fern Street Alexandria VA APPLESEEDS is the special interest group for our younger members They meet during the regular WAP meet ing Featured are presentations of topics of interest in graphics programming techniques etc as well as question and answer sessions Following are the topics for the next few months November Communications with modems December Garage sale
77. Sevcik J PET reading program A problem 1980 learning program for readers Recreational Computing Jan Feb Watkins M W Webb C Computer assisted instruction with learning dis abled students Educational Computer Sep Oct 1981 GENERAL Carman G 0 Kosberg 8 Educational Technology Research Computer Technology and the education of Emotionally handicapped children Educational Technology Feb 1982 contd Washington Apple Pi Doorly A Microcomputers for Gifted Microtots 6G C T Sept Oct 1980 Etlinger L E Ogletree E G Calculators and microcomputers for exceptional children 1981 ERIC Reproduction Document No ED 202 707 Fay G et al The electronic schoolhouse New technology in the education of the severely retarded Pointer Winter 1982 Hallworth H J Brebner A CAI for the developmentally hadicapped Nine years of progress Proceedings of the Conference for the Oevelopment of Computer Based Instruc tional Systems 1980 Hannaford A Sloane E Microcomputers Powerful learning tools with proper programming Teaching Exceptional Chil dren Nov 1981 Laewen D Microcomputers in teaching handicapped students Proceedings of the 19th Annual Convention of the Association for Educational Data Systems 1981 Lally M Computer assisted teaching of sight word recog nition for mentally retarded school children American Journal of Mental Deficiency Jan 1981 Lindsey M Stat
78. TTES Wabash SS SD 15 box of 10 25 or more boxes 17 box of 10 10 to 24 boxes 18 50 box of 10 1 to 9 boxes list price 129 95 SOFTWARE your price 0r communication ASCII EXPRESS 93 the professional gor writing BANK STREET WRITER or game playing DEADLINE AND MORE FROM DISCAT the user friendly menu driven Apple compatable catalog on a diskette ready to serve your software needs 1983 For a look at the complete DISCAT with software at discount prices send 3 15 sales tax if you are a Maryland resident to COMPUTER WARE UNLIMITED Dept W11 P 0 Box 1247 Columbia MD 21044 When ordering diskettes or software add 3 for shipping and handling and if you are a Maryland resident 5 state sales tax Add 2 weeks to delivery time if payment is by personal or company check No CODs or charges accepted Apple is a Registered Trademark of Apple Computer Inc December 1983 23 Mec SR ara ERE CO ler Wein bes eG Gee eae 0 a ces bu Mike L i Z ahm m E The passage of the Education for Atl Handicapped Children Act PL 94 142 in 1975 opened a new era of hope in the education of handicapped children in the United States Over four million handicapped children are now being served through the public schools and the services provided to handicapped children in general have seen significant improvement in terms of quality and quantity since the passage of this
79. These cards are usually not exactly compatible with the e card so some e software may not work properly with these cards I have an Apple II and I want to put a modem on my system I can get an Anderson Jacobson 300 1200 baud modem from work but I would have to buy an Apple Super serial card for the RS 232 interface The question what software will work with this configuration to send and receive data The Super serial card contains some elementary software on the card to allow the Apple to be a contd on pg 44 Washington Apple Pi TRI STATE SYSTEMS DISCOUNT APPLE SOFTWARE HOLIDAY SPECIALS Our Our Retail Price Retail Price Zaxxon coc air bard eden ee te ters 39 95 27 50 Screen Writer II 89 95 Choplifter 24 50 Master Type i 27 95 Kraft Joysticks 46 95 Bank Street Writer 49 95 Choplifter amp Kraft Joystick F 67 95 Snack Attack 19 95 Exodus Ultima III 38 95 Galactic Adventures 42 95 Frogger 24 50 Doss Boss amp Utility City 37 95 Lode Runner 24 50 Verbatim 10 disks 5 26 95 GAMES I Pte UTILITIES 37 95 Home Accountant Wizardry Il Knight of Diamonds 25 95 Sensible Speller Wizardry Ill Legacy of Llyigamyn 29 95 ASC li Express The Professional 129 95 Wizardry amp II 59 95 Transend Castle Wolfenstein 20 95 Visicalc Visifile or Visidex Thunderbombs i 14 95 Multiplan 14 95 PFS File Report or Graph 14 95 dBase Il CP M 14 95 The Incredible Jack Serpentine 25 95 Th
80. aker Mercifully a reset will stop the sound continuum and leave the experimenter in the monitor 2 To let the program prompt the user him herself in using the mini assembler to enter a sound routine A brief explanation of each mnemonic is provided If you are not too hot on number systems and have forgot ten about place values the explanation of how 3072 decimal became C00 hexadecimal will leave you a little dizzy Seriously while the program jis not going to teach anyone assembly language programming it will go a long way to help conquer the fear of monitors and may even whet an appetite or two for learning more 3 To quit DISK 34 SOLAR TUTOR Reviewed by Tom Riley This disk presents information about the use of solar energy in the home The information is presented in the form of text questions and answers and graphics This series of programs is a good example of the mix contd 54 December 1983 Washington Apple Pi oy Operant Systems HARDWARE DISK DRIVES MicroSci A2 drive 100 Apple compatible Shugart 390 239 Rana Systeas Elite One drive 40 track 169K 265 Elite Two 40 track double side 326K 425 Elite Three 80 track double side 652K 549 TEAC Thinline drive 40 track 100 Apple coapatible 259 Davong 5 10 and 15 MEG Winchester drives Corvus Winchester Oaninet Mirror Concept 68000 call CP M SYSTEMS Applicard 6 Mhz 2 80 64K ta 192K RAM
81. are on the motherboard Are you aware of any VT 100 Emulator program that is available in the public domain No unfortunately I do not know of domain program Perhaps our readers There are however a couple of commercial any public can help emulator December 1983 T100 Emulator is sold through Apple s Delivery Software and should be available at local Apple dealers for 75 Softerm dis tributed by Softronics 6626 Prince Edward Memphis TN 38119 for 150 is supposed to emulate many popular CRT terminals presumably including the VT 100 programs Special I have an Apple 80 column card in the Auxiliary slot on a e Can I put a Videx 80 column card in slot 3 also so I can use Videx s Applewriter II preboot Which card will be active when I boot via PR 3 If you have a card in the auxiliary slot you CANNOT use another 80 column card in slot 3 If you try to access the card in slot 3 with a PR 3 the 80 column card in the auxiliary slot will be turned on When the e is turned on or reset a routine looks for a card in the auxiliary slot if one is found the signal to the peripheral card ROM in slot 3 is disabled see pages 132 and 133 of the e Reference Manual for more technical details What this means is that slot 3 cannot be used for any peripheral card that has an on board ROM Most cards for the Apple do have ROM on board a card does if you turn it on by doing PR n Some cards like music synthes
82. ations Software Package Series quarterly diskettes and manuals mailed free to purchasers of MegaT ASK PLUS for one year from date of purchase 495 Distributed by QLT Distributing Box 7713 Silver Spring Maryland 20910 301 565 4656 Apple is a trademark of Apple Computer Inc IBM is a trademark of International Business Machines December 1983 We have them all HLA Computers is about the only place in the Washing ton area where you can pick and choose from a wide variety of personal computers We have them all the versatile and powerful Apple for the office home or classroom the affordable and easily expandable IBM for the professional the Osborne you can take with you wherever the functionally designed Corvus Concept with its dual orientation a i display and a full page word ee processor Digital s high per i formance Rainbow and flexible Professional 350 the incredible powerful Sage for the computer programmer the multi user Altos Xerox and the Corvus Local Area Net LAN 64 a workstation system Andthen some Off the shelf hardware and software for all of these computers and our professional expertise to custom design software especially for your needs Stop in and take your pick Apple amp IBM 5700 J Sunnyside Avenue National Account Dealer Beltsville Maryland 20705 GSA Schedule 345 8170 301 345 1123 December 1983 Washington Apple Pi
83. baud modem The rate has been reduced from 17 50 to 12 50 per hour On the other hand the 300 baud rate has gone from 5 00 to 6 00 per hour Also discussed at the meeting was the XICOM serial card This card is a low cost card that sells for 60 00 and could be used with the ANCHOR 1200 baud modem mentioned George Kinal will also be testing this card to see if it is compatible with commercial terminal programs such as ASCII Express Professional The one disadvantage with this serial card is that baud rates have to be set by switches on the card and is not controlled by software The question was asked if anyone knew of a public domain Apple DOS 3 3 program that uses the Christensen method of protocol file transfer thereby eliminating the problem of dropped characters No one knew of any but George Kinal announced that although it didn t use the Christensen protocol transfer he was developing a program that would be able to operate at 1200 baud for file transfer When file transfers are taking place the screen is inoperative thereby eliminating the problem caused by the screen scroll ing He will donate the program to the WAP disk library when it is completed 6 EARLY DEADLINE FOR NEXT JOURNAL Due to the Holidays and the early December meeting h the absolute deadline for articles for the January 180 Maryland EON ANAL WOR ic Journal is December 1 We would appreciate your Scientific Stock Option Analysis De
84. be adapted to keep DISK 702 GO FORTH track of your best scores for any number of games This disk features an excellent tutorial on the FORTH 143 3 SUPER BOWL by David W McMullen offers seven language To use BRUN FIG FORTH78 on Disk 105 Then possible offensive plays Your position on the field type the following commands with Disk 702 in drive 1 is displayed in hi res graphics Based on a Univac Ubasic program by G Baltz and M McAmis I EMPTY BUFFERS lt cr gt 1 LOAD lt cr gt 143 4 FOOTBALL by Rodney Nelson a _ one player Integer Basic game featuring lo res graphics You The tutorial will then be compiled The tutorial com enter your plays by number eg l run 2 pass I prises a series of screens After reading the text you can experiment with the various commands or 143 5 GOLF The Apple Dayton Users Group invites words To end your experiments and advance to the you to try your skill over nine holes A knowledge of next screen type GO Goforth includes an extensive golf clubs is required Text only on line help file which describes the action of each Forth word 143 6 PARACHUTE by Len Laskowski use your game paddle to steer the chute through shifting winds The contd 50 December 1983 Washington Apple Pi SEAGER Frati oal is to land on the target area Hi res 1 graphics 143 7 BASEBALL guess a number to get on base You play against the Apple No graphics From the San Francisco Apple Cor
85. by using the com mand line of A FORMAT COM lt return gt After a few seconds the program will be loaded and the first lines of text will display and instruct you to insert the disk to be formatted in drive A Oblige by placing a fresh disk in the drive and hitting the lt return gt key Listen for the noise which is the DOS looking for any data to read if you have used an Applesoft disk the program will ask you if you really want to re initialize and destroy the data Note CP M will attempt to read an Applesoft disk since it is in the same format but you must format the disk before you attempt to do any writing or serious results may occur This is a good point to mention that this procedure is used any time to create addi tional blank diskettes for CP M use To check your work type DIR lt return gt and you will see the no file message The next step in the procedure is to move the data from disk to disk and the transient program for this is called COPY COM who would imagine CP M pro grams usually allow two methods of operation by typing simply the name of the program without the extend COM the program is loaded and you are prompted with a character usually an asterisk for more input If you know what actions you want the program to take you may add them to the command line and they are then called parameters We are going to make a copy from drive A to drive A and therefore we could use either of the followin
86. check Prices subject to change Shipping handling 5 MD residents add 5 tax Mail order only CALL FOR ITEMS NOT LISTED GOV T PURCHASE ORDERS ACCEPTED RAMADA COMPUTER PRODUCTS A Division of H amp H Scientific 13507 Pendleton St Ft Washington MD 20744 Tel 301 292 2958 December 1983 15 TAG Pese TO by Susan ye Ly Ree DISCLAIMER I am affiliated with Phillip Barton Vision Systems which locally distributes Visualtek equipment I have made every attempt to be fair and unbiased in the description which follows but I feel the reader should be aware of this affiliation SUMMARY Last month Visualtek a company that pio neered in developing electronic vision aids intro duced the OP 10 Large Print Display Processor for the Apple II II and the e This peripheral device automatically enlarges the print display from 2 to 16 times normal size The DP 10 works in a passive or transparent manner without software control This enables non graphics software to be used without pro gram modification INSTALLATION The OP 10 consists of an interface card with cable the display processor with 2K mirror mem ory and the User Control Panel The interface card may be fitted into any available slot The display processor box fits conveniently underneath the Apple and a ribbon cable connects the card into its back Another ribbon cable connects to the User Control Panel The standard monitor cable connects the vi
87. croprocessors the 8080 by Intel and the newer more porwerful 727 80 by Zilog Corp CP M was first developed in 1973 by Gary Kildall and is currently owned by Digital Research and has been for quite a while Micro soft s Softcard has a 2 80 8 bit chip on the board thus allowing you to run CP M on the Apple if you have their board It is also important to note that it is not a language nor does it pretend to be So your machine has to have available a language to program The most common used is MBASIC also from Microsoft The better pro grams on CP M in my opinion are written in machine language or assembly So what makes it so popular almost a religion to its devotees Well that answer has really two parts as I see it The first is the nature of the Micro com puter business for the last 3 to 3 1 2 years and the other is both the programs available for it and some of the features of CP M itself Consider if you will the dealer s view several years ago via the following scene July 1980 ina local dealer s showroom In walks Bill Ding and he s heard about the Apple and thinks that maybe he could use one so he is here to check it out The salesman for the dealer Jim Nasium knows a good prospect when he sees one and asks him what he does in his busi Ari SCREAM G Nae ely Now Apple Writer won t do your job it s just a file editor and those other cheap programs can t really do your job You need W
88. cters are stored by ASCII screen code Screen code is different from regular ASCII and a chart for the values of each character in normal merce and flashing is found on page 16 of the Apple II reference manual An easy conversion formula is subtracting 64 from the ASCII value of a character to get inverse add 128 to get normal and use the regular ASCII code for flashing characters 38 December 1983 Richard Langs ton To change TEXT files from T to D DATA POKE 45991 196 One suggestion is to change the A and B file to lowercase a and b on the e so that telling the difference is easy One helpful feature is the ability to see the programs you accidentally DELETEd To do this POKE 44505 234 and POKE 44506 234 Have you ever written a program using DOS commands by pressing CTRL D inside quotes instead of the PRINT CHR 4 method then edited the line and forgot to type the CTRL D Here s the mod for you Change location 43698 to any character to use as the atten tion getter for DOS The logical choices are or J Simply POKE 43698 ASC 128 One of the things that bothered me most about DOS is the way it required Integer Basic to be loaded into memory every time 00S is rebooted even if it is still on the RAM card Well no more Simply change BFO3 8FO5 to EA s Every now and then I initialize a disk and want to make the HELLO program a TEXT file or more likely a Binary program This requ
89. d STRIDING TO THE FINISH Back at home I had to finish entering the split times for my final report I had mistakenly allocated head ers for the 1 Mile and 35 Mile times I hoped that deleting these headers would reduce the number of gar bage collection freeze ups Although File Cabinet does not have a provision for deleting headers Tom DeMay s Filehandler program on Disk 124 does this very easily Ref 4 Unfortunately there is a bug in the program as originally distributed which Tom fixed promptly The corrected version will be in the Library soon In all candor I could not get the reports looking up to race standards so again I resorted to a custom written Applesoft program to do the final formatting If you don t want to write a separate program just insert PRINT statements at line 3615 to add headings On the tool whole File Cabinet proved to be a versatile particularly if its memory limitations are respected Next year I will either use a custom pro gram or I will use a version that moves DOS to the RAM card REFERENCES 1 roan File Cabinet Fixes WAP Journal June 1983 2 DeMay Inspecting Text Files with a Word Pro cessor WAP Journal Dec 1982 3 Eldridge File Cabinet Revisited WAP Journal Pushed Into CP M contd from pg 48 B 3A F However CP M does not put its operating system on a disk when you format or copy a disk as APPLE DOS does You must use the COPY utility to do
90. d will reveal that they are made up of many lines of code which direct the CP M system to do its various tasks These assembly programs must be assembled to COM files in order to be useful to us and this is accomp lished with the program ASM COM You do not need to be well versed in assembly language in order to do some customizing since most of these files are well documented within the text of the ASM file We can compare the COM files to Applesoft binary files Well if you are still with me I hope that I have made some inroads into your knowledge of this wonder ful system called CP M and I trust my attempt has not killed your desire to learn more about Woz s great little toy g HANPLER Vaupel WORD bu don I would like to see a show of hands how many users out there pick their word processor because of the way the package works with their hardware I like Word star Applewriter II Acewriter II and especially Word Handler I like Word Handler because of its printer controls I can get very nice correspondence quality printing with my dot matrix printer an Epson How hardware deals with different software is of par ticular concern to me If anyone else is interested in the hardware software connection please contact me through the WAP office If there is enough interest a hardware or hardware software SIG HSIG or HSSIG could be formed Now to get on with some good news Word Handler has come out with their
91. d 254 is desired Dave also com lines 370 to 390 Somehow I do not understand how ments that this is an excellent program that is truly ie e ae A aera i Outstanding Tor keRBINg EraCk aft ous Or OTISKE variables TEMP GLASS MILK and GLASS WINE from within H ieL to 350 but the values from any of I d like to drive some mechanical relays from m these variables do not match the numbers produced Q Apple It seems to me that I ought to e able t by line 370 to 380 Could you perhaps expand on use the annunciator outputs directly for 4 relays the program or through a decoder for 16 Unfortunately I know nothing about the loading that the annunciator Let me include a copy of the program for our outputs can take Does anyone have a circuit readers This is on page 109 of the Applesoft they ve tried The BSR X 10 interface is just too Tutorial manual e eee 200 REM DIMENSION THE ARRAY A There are many ways to do this the circuit shown 210 DIM GLASS 8 uses parts readily available from Radio Shack 220 REM FILL THE ARRAY Suggested relays are part numbers 275 243 275 246 230 FOR I 1 T08 or 275 215 The transistor and diode are part be ely I numbers 276 2023 and 276 1101 respectively None of the components are particularly critical other 260 REM SCRAMBLE THE ARRAY AND CHOOSE EACH similar components may be used The recommended ELEMENT a relays are small requiring reasonably low drive 270 FOR WINE 1 TO 8 currents less then 100mA and have a c
92. deo output from the back of the Apple into the processor and a second monitor cable leads from the DP 10 to the display monitor USING LARGE PRINT DISPLAY All methods of generating large print on the display monitor face the same bar rier If one increases the character size one no longer has room to display 40 characters by 24 lines on the screen situation by Developers have tried to resolve this 1 decreasing the interletter space actually squeezing the characters onto the display 2 decreasing the dimensions of the display screen such as Peachy Writer s 20 character by 12 line image or 3 treating the screen as a window which can pan the enlarged full 40 character by 24 line display Visualtek chose to employ the last solution The DP 10 stores the video image produced by the computer in ts own 2K memory leaving the Apple s resources untouched The User Control Panel UCP guides the screen window to any point on the display All manip ulations of the screen other than inputting data from the keyboard or game port is controlled independently and outside of the Apple None of the UCP functions are transmitted back to the Apple The UCP jis the heart of the DP 10 s usefulness A four direction joystick is used to designate up down or left right flow of pan The scanning speed is directly related to how far the joystick is moved from center With a little practice a comfortable reading speed is easy to s
93. e have been discussing ways of making that software available to all of the members while allowing you to obtain compensation for your efforts Would you be willing to allow a listing of the software in the Journal with an accompanying notice that the software could be obtained on disk at a nominal handling fee directly from you I have seen many listings in maga zines which were too long for me to take the time to type but for which I gladly sent 3 00 a blank disk and a self addressed envelope What do you think As a reminder our public domain library exists pri marily because of your donations If you have typed in a program from a magazine which does not have a copyright notice or have written one which you are willing to donate please trade it for a FREE disk of your choice from our library Label the disk with your name and phone number so we can contact you if we have questions about the program or documentation HOLIDAY SPECIALS During the month of November and December our Public Domain Software Library will have a five for the price of four sale on library disks Question Do disks make good stocking stuffers GOODBYE T I HELLO JR The hot competition for the personal computer has claimed yet another victim No doubt Texas Instruments will not be the last to bow out of the field IBM s latest entry the JR appears to be a direct challenge to our beloved e but its rumored lack of compatibility with PC DO
94. e Accountant Zork fl or Il R 29 50 DB Master Star Blazer 22 95 Snooper Troopers lorll R 29 50 Facemaker Spinnaker 29 50 The Graphics Magician 37 95 Beagle Basic or Touble Take 29 95 Cytron Masters 2950 HARDWARE Starcross 29 50 Microsoft 16K RAM Card Prisoner 2 f 24 95 Rana Elite I Disk Drive Robot War 29 50 Hayes Micromodem ll w term Program 409 95 Apple Panic 20 95 TG Select a port Battle for Normandy 29 50 System Saver Fan 25 95 Grappler li 179 w 16K Buffer 175 00 27 95 Videx Ultraterm David s Midnight Magic 24 95 Amdek Color I Monitor Ultima 29 95 Amdek 300A Amber Monitor Ultima I 44 95 Okidata Micro 92 Printer ALL ORDERS SUBJECT TO AVAILABILITY OF MERCHANDISE e We accept VISA or Mastercard include card and expiration date personal checks allow 2 weeks Mail orders to z or money orders l e VA residents add 4 sales tax uf ee led ed SYSTEMS No credit card penalty e Include 2 00 for shipping e All software products on disk Springfield VA 22152 e All prices subject to change without notice or call 703 569 9363 MasterCard e We carry a large line of discount software Write us for our free catalog HAVE A HAPPY HOLIDAY SEASON Washington Apple Pi December 1983 11 TELECOMM Srg NIEUWS by Dave Harwey The Telecomm SIG held its October meeting after the WAP meeting on October 22 There were no other nomi nations for SIG offices so George Kinal is the new Teleco
95. e Apple that the next keystroke is a special func tion key these special function keys can be any letter number Shift number or Control letter except F When CONTROL F is followed by a special function key the definition of that key rather than the key itself will appear on the screen These programmable functions can be DOS commands for immediate execution e g C CATALOG S4 02 or S SAVE NEWEST VERSION OF PROGRAM special commands for your word processor spreadsheet program database manage ment program or any game that requires oft repeated commands computer program statements that are repeated e g FOR I START TO END words or phrases used repeatedly in a word processing application e g when writing a story about THE HONORABLE MONTGOMERY M MONTAGUE After defining a set of programmable function keys and using them in your particular application you may want to turn them off this means that CONTROL F will no longer engage the special function mode This is done by pressing the ESCAPE key the RESET key will then turn this special function key mode back on The following two listings give the programs with which you can define and use these special function keys The first LISTING 1 shows the Applesoft program which defines the set of function keys to be used Lines 80 90 load the machine language program LISTING 2 which operates the special function key mode and sets its starting memory location 7000 286
96. e Pi COMPUTERS PRINTERS SOFTWARE amp ACCESSORIES WE VE COT EM SPRING SPECIALS IT MAY BE EARLY BUT WHAT THE HECK HARDWARE amp SOFTWARE e DISK DRIVES e COMPUTER SYSTEMS e DISKETTES Disk Drive Rana 279 Franklin Ace 1000 Sys 1 399 Verbatim SS DD 10 5 MB Hard Disk Corvus 1 695 Corona PC 2 2 695 Verbatim DS DD 10 10 MB Hard Disk Corvus 2 295 Sanyo MBC 550 995 SONi MODEMS o PRINTERS Gemini 15X 120 cps H Micromodem lle II 269 Gemini Delta Ca Grappler No Buffer Prometheus 1200 429 inal het 160 cps Par Interface w Clock and Cal Epson MX100 Ca Grappler 16K Buffer nstar i s0 Epson FX100 160 cps PRINTERS Ltr Qual SOFTWARE Daisywriter 2000 1 075 zZaxon ACCESSORIES Printmaster 55 cps 1 595 Master Type 29 System Saver 69 5 Multiplan 379 Applicard Wordstar Transtar 130 16 cps 499 Word list Handler Pkg 46K RAM Card M Soft l e MONITO Sensible Speller 99 Computer Desk S Gorilla GRN 12 g Ascii Pro 80 col crd Videx Gorilla Amber 12 Koala Pad 99 Micro Buffer Il 16K 17 AMDEK 300G GRN Home Accountant Comp Paper 9 2 x 11 AMDEK 300A Amber Flip n File 5 19 Kraft Joystick 49 Color 1 13 AMDEK 3 REASONS TO BUY AT THE MICRO CONNECTION We Buy for Less 5 3 Locations to Serve You We Sell at Discount Prices to You 6 Technical Assistance New Products Each Month 7 Service Centers Large Inventory 8 We Want You
97. e is a fuelbay where you can completely replenish your tank with shields and fuel A player can play Stellar 7 from the keyboard and with a self or non centering joystick The top seven scores are saved automatically onto the disk a feature that is being used more in games For the newcomer there is a briefing on the mission in which information about each enemy craft is presented while a picture of the object rotates 360 degrees Overall Stellar 7 is a very good game which uses 3 D graphics to their limits I highly recommend this game to anyone who enjoys playing Battlezone at the arcade This game is almost of the same quality a great use of Apple graphics CHEATS aka patches Before you do these you must BLOAD the game and enter the monitor CALL 151 Canyon Climber 3300 8 of men 30006 or 2600 4 of men 20006 Wavy Navy Cntri 1 to restart then reset 1 63 EA EA EA FA7 60 ABC A0 06 Helicopters don t shoot 8036 Taxman 522B level 505C EA EA EA No Ghosts 89CB of men 8EE5 EA EA Unlimited men 800G HOUDAY GREETINGS repair If you run your fuel supply or shields down in this game the game ends and you re left saying 62 December 1983 Washington Apple Pi Washington want mailed to you WASHINGTON APPLE PI DISK LIBRARY MAIL ORDER FORM December Apple Pi s library disks are available for purdhase Mailed to you 4 or less Members 6 00 ea Non members 9 00 ea same as before
98. e of the Art report Computers and the Handi capped Eugene OR Northwest Regional Education al Laboratory Aug 1981 ERIC Document Reproduc tion Service No ED 213 393 Papert S A Information prosthetics for the handicapped Final Report Cambridge MA Massachusetts Insti tute of Technology 1981 Pollard J Testimony to a micro Peter can now read Recre ational Computing May June 1979 Ragan A L The miracle worker How computers help handi capped students Electronic Learning Jan Feb 1982 Ragosta J Holland P amp Jamison D Computer assisted instruction and compensatory education the ETS Lausd Study The Executive Summary and Policy Implications Washington DC National Institute of Education June 1982 Scully T Microcomputer communication for the handicapped People s Computers Mar Apr 1978 Semmel M I et al Microgames An application of microcomputers for training personnel who work with handicapped children Teacher Education and Special Educa tion Summer 1981 Spring C Perry L Computer assisted instructions in word decoding for educatfonally handicapped children Carmich ael CA San Juan Unified School District 1980 Washington Apple Pi Thomas M A Educating handicapped students via microcomputer videodisc technology A conversation with Ron Thorkildsen Education and Training of the Men tally Retarded Dec 1981 Thorkildsen R amp Williams J G A brief r
99. e on the FFT is THE FAST FOURIER TRANSFORM E 0 Brigham Prentis Hall Inc 106 7 HI RES POLYNOMIAL PLOTTING A mathematical function entered in line 250 is plotted in hi res graphics For an example enter the line 250 given then rerun the program and use scale 3 106 8 LIFE OF A RESOURCE The number of years a resource will last is calculated from the amount of the resource on hand the annual consumption rate and the increase in that rate For an example enter 1000000 barrels of ofl 1000 barrels per year and an annual increase of 1 The reserve would then last 241 years 106 9 S ROBOT MOTOR The size of the motor needed for the traction wheels of a robot is calculated from the design requirements A good example of the use of the computer to design other computer controlled devices like maze mice and robot warehouse workers For an example enter 20 lbs load 4 ft sec speed 6 inch wheels 120 volts and an 1800 RPM motor which should be about right for a robot vacuum cleaner DISK 107 GAMES B Reviewed by Richard Langston 11 107 1 APPLE TRIVIA An Integer text game Answer questions on sports TV books and other topics 107 2 ARTILLERY An interesting hi res version of this popular game Try to blow up your opponent by selecting the right angle and power for your shot 107 3 BRAIN TEASER by Dick Burson A lo res squares game Get the blue in the center 107 4 CLUE A well written Integer
100. e or more Corvus s Profile s Ram disks S Megabyte replaceable hard disk cartridges and the coming Laser Disk units bringing the APPLE II up to minicomputer performance The MegaTASK PLUS product package includes e Manuals for MegaTASK MegaDOS and MEGABASE II in sparkling white binders e 1 SMARTCHIP Memory Management Micro processor Six diskettes PACKED with applications programs including Mega GRAPH Mega EDIT Mega TEXT and several Report Generator examples e A One year Replacement Warranty on all products e A 60 day Financial Risk Free Return Policy If you are not completely satisfied you can return the pro duct in good condition with proof of purchase for a complete refund A 14 hour per day telephone Hotline to support you in your use of the entire MegaTASK PLUS series of software packages Because of the much larger amount of memory that is available to the Apple s microprocessor through Virtual Memory the increased processing speed and the integration of major applications packages PLUS custom modifiability by users who Maon Basic MegaTASK PLUS may well surpass or replace most of the worthwhile APPLE II program packages currently available on the market With the in troduction of this product Quantum Leap has made a commitment to be the technology leader in the area of busi ness software systems for personal computers This will be achieved through Quantum Leap Technologies continuing Applic
101. e to add a small section on copying with CP M To copy a disk you load a utility called COPY by typing COPY The screen then shows an asterisk as the prompt And it just sits there No explanation of what it expects or anything Remember the explanation that CP M was written to make small computers as difficult as large computers Well here is another example Let s look at how you do copy a diskette and the differences with APPLE DOS First with APPLE DOS you run a program called COPYA or COPY if you have integer BASIC installed and the program prompts you with which slot and disk drive contain the original and which the copy then formats the disk Not so with CP M In CP M you must format the disk FIRST before you can copy files onto the disk The command for this with the COPY prompt showing is F and the program will prompt you which drive you want a disk formatted in then proceed to format the disk Then you can make the copy To do this you place the newly formatted empty disk in drive B 2 on an APPLE and the disk you want to have copied in drive A Then the command to copy the disk on drive A onto the disk in drive B is simple but again backwards from what you are used to on an APPLE The command is B A Logical you want the drive B disk to equal the disk in drive A but it writes and feels backward at first If you make a mistake and say A B you get your blank formatted disk copied onto your prog
102. e via Novapple Disk 24 I 143 8 RACE CAR by John Norris uses paddles to steer Both the level of play and the width of the road can be selected I 143 9 ROAD RACER paddles and files RACER and RACER MACHINE required 1 143 10 THE SAINTS TUNE a melody for your half time show when the saints come marching in 143 11 LUNAR SURVIVAL by Stewart F Rush from Jan 1982 Creative Computing p 142 53 The ult imate sport is being able to survive after your spaceship crashes on the moon The author s best survival time is 385 minutes Can you beat it 143 12 STOPWATCH by Bob Huseldonk and Val Golding is a simple use of an Integer Basic timing loop to let your Apple function as an inaccurate stopwatch I 143 13 PINBALL a great game based on Bill Budge s Pinball Construction Set BRUN this file and then use your game paddles or Apple keys on a e to control the flippers contributed by D Seeley 143 14 CYCLES by Dan Storch pilot a motorbike through a jump over a selected number of buses The game paddle controls your throttle Hi res 143 15 LOGGER steer your swimmer through a lo res river but avoid the floating logs 143 16 BOXING from the San Francisco Apple Core your Apple can do a convincing imitation of Howard Cosell Occassionally its narration of a three round bout will stop long enough for you to select a punch DOS 3 2 CONVERSION We have been working for some time to co
103. ectangle you wish to save and then issue a S what you never used the before command This tells VISI MorGanstein VC that you want to save the about to be selected rows or columns in OIF form Your DIF file is much Tike a Print file if you have ever saved one of those before It consists of rows or columns of the data values and labels but no formulas VC will then ask if the file is to be viewed as rows or columns The rows or columns will become series in VisiPlot vc will also ask for the name of the file in which to save this rectangle of data If you want VisiPlot to have a label for the rows or columns put the label at the top of the columns or at the left hand side of the rows so that it will be the first thing stored within each series Lastly you give the bottom right hand coordinate of the rectangle just as though you were printing the data After creating the DIF file boot VisiPlot Indicate that you want to read a file and give the DIF file name When VP reads the file it will realize that it is not a standard VP file and ask you for two pieces of information stored in a vP file but not a DIF file the period and the start year Most of my data are not time series so I give a period of one and a start year of one That s all there is to it May all your plots be smooth ones amp Paragon Technologies Inc Paragon Technologies Inc offers classes in our laboratory in McLean Introduction to
104. ee OO Clinton Computer Inside Back Operant Systems 1 1 6 6 ee we eo 55 Columbia Computer Systems 32 33 Option Analytics Inc 12 Computer Challenges Inc 47 Paragon Technologies Inc 31 Computer Den Ltd esses sees we 49 QLT Distributing s soe ea 2 ee ee 1 Computer Ware Unlimited 23 Ramada Computer Products 15 dBase Tr cies tee w E we awe Seite cs Se 4 Robins Inc a 2 1 2 ew we we ew ww ee 23 Disk Connection 13 38 41 Satoni In s ces ace care ee Seer es eel eee eh we OS EF Hutton amp Company sses 2 2 2 we 49 Software City sss es s ee ew oe Frederick Computer Products 9 Southeastern Software eses 7 HLA Computers ssas soes ee ew ew ew we o 2 Tri State Systems sses ees oll HytektLEd ane ens eye e cel ae a a ee a AS VF Associates o e i 2 ee es 2 51 ERO INE See sees one en ae a a la stewie Se BD Visualtek a c u s eek ee ew ee ow we LF Micro Connection 2 2 ew ee ee 19 64 December 1983 Washington Apple Pi GET YOUR HANDS ON A COMPUTER at the CLINTON COMPUTER LEARNING CENTER NEW APPLE OWNERS COURSE 4 hours 150 Alternate Saturdays 9am lpm Learn the basic operating procedures of the world s most popular small computer Course includes five program disks NEW CP M OWNERS COURSE 4 hours 150 Alternate Saturdays 9am lpm Hands on instruction in this standard operating system A must for new owners of CP M based
105. egration Powe Cacale DATA PRODUCTS INC SUPER DISCOUNTS PRICES EFFECTIVE UNTIL DECEMBER 3lst December 1983 COMPUTER PRACTICAL PERIPHERALS QUAD SDRAM MODEMS Hayes Smartmodem 1200 seesesa 5495 00 Hayes Smartmodem 300 4 5203 00 Hayes Micromodem ssesse ee 5250 00 84Snecial Offer from Hayes With the purchase of either a Smartmodem 300 or a Micromodem e between now and January 15th you will receive a subscription to the SOURCE one hour connection time and a communications manual a 140 00 value FREE Hayes PRINTERS EPSON RX B0 ccc cece cece cece erence ne 285 00 RX 8D F T cccccceccccecece cess 69415 00 OKIDATA D3 cece cece ee nee eee e cece css 2871500 NEC 2050 IBM Compatible 999 95 PRINTER INTERFACES Orange Grappler PlusS cece eee 0 08125200 Buffered Grappler Plus 16k 5182 85 Atari 800 to Parallel Microbits 89 00 MISCELLANEOUS HARDWARE Anti Static Desk Mat 24x26 73 87 Backup Power Supply 200 watt Practical Peripherals 32k Buffer 224 25 GIFTS UNDER 50 00 Ashton Tate Encyclopedia for IBM 49 95 Tech Design Magstick Joystick 49 95 Kraft Joystick for the IBM 349 95 Diskettes Verbatim 550 for IBM PC 37 50 525 for Apple 26 00 PC Saver Surge Protector 00 0 535 00 Innovative Flip n File 50 04 25 95 Flip n File
106. elf test mode software selectable 80 96 or 132 charac ters per line with optional variable fonts Forward and reverse linefeeds Must sell 350 or best offer Contact Don Mayes at homes 301 589 4190 or work 202 282 0585 FOR SALE Micro Sci disk drive 190 Microsoft A L D S 75 Call Steve Hollar home 250 5979 or work 763 5897 FOR SALE ORCA M Assembler Language Perfect condi tion Used once Good for longer programs 90 Book for Apple II 6502 assembly language great for begin ners 10 Call Gideon Stein 722 0883 6 30 8 30 PM weekdays or 4 00 9 00 weekends If you use your computer to trade stock options you know how difficult it can be to pinpoint the most profitable trades Even with the best software you can spend hours of time and many hundreds of dollars in data base charges Let the Option Value Reporter save you time and expense You get e State of the art fair value analysis for puts and calls on over 300 stocks weekly e Best positions selected for a minimum 30 probable annual return e Incisive commentary examples etc Make it easy to find the best trading opportunities Send us your name and address with 15 for your 5 week trial subscrip tion Six 6 months 25 issues is 100 1 year 50 issues is DO YOU TRADE STOCK OPTIONS N N ERSO EWS by Peter Combes EDSIG Calendar Tuesday December 6 at 7 30 p m Touch Monitors and the Apple George Berke All EDSIG mee
107. ematical functions giving the answers to an enormous number of places The method used is a little slow but it overcomes the accuracy limitations of the Apple nine siginificant digits Mathematicians will be most interested in these programs but the Number Base Converter is generally useful in converting numbers to and from hexadecimal All these programs are written in Integer Basic but there should be no particular difficulity in convert ing them to Applesoft The author s name and a maga zine reference are given in the listing 127 3 CALCULATOR TOTAL The computer is made to function as a calculator which you might find handy for quick calculations 127 4 CONSTELLATIONS The Big Dipper is used to tell the time of night Amateur astronomers will be most interested in this program but it will be useful for campers and naturalists The procedure is explained in detail and a graphic presentation is shown 127 5 FAST FOURIER TRANSFORM The fast fourier transform FFT is used to break up time functions into their frequency components Of interest primarily to engineers this procedure is used to study the transmission of signals It is also used to predict the future Washington Apple Pi December 1983 No references or explanations are given for the use of this particular version The best general reference on the FFT is The FAST FOURIER TRANSFORM by E 0 Brigham Prentice Hall Inc 1974 127 6 FUNCTION
108. embers Disk 135 WAP ABBS Part 1 136 WAP ABBS Part 2 137 IAC 21 Spreadsheet A 138 IAC 23 Utilities 6G 139 IAC 24 Education 3 140 Education 4 141 Special Data Bases 142 Pinball Games 143 Sports re ae 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 Dungeon Designer Beginners Cave Lair of Minotaur Cave of the Mind Zyphur Riverventure Castle of Doom Death Star Devil s Tomb Caves of Treas Isl Furioso The Magic Kingdom The Tomb of Molinar Lost Isl of Apple Abductor s Quarters Both disks required WAP MEMBERSHIP NO Total Order Make checks payable and send to Washington Apple Pi ATTN Librarian 8227 Woodmont Avenue Suite 201 Bethesda MD 20814 December 1983 Washington Apple Pi Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Pascal Fenian am amem aem aa e T Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume M Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Forth Volume Volume Volume EOSIG EOSIG1 __ disks 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 401 402 403 404 405 406 407 408 700 701 702 This form is only for ordering disks that you postage Quest for Tre
109. equence of low frequency dahs Operation of the Serial Code Keyboard To type a character with the Serial Code Keyboard the user must move the switch so as to generate the tone sequence corresponding to the desired character For example will generate the letter Z where ds used to represent the higher tone dit and is used to represent the lower tone dah It should be noted that dit and dah sounds are of equal duration 22 December 1983 dec SLEYBOARP HELPS AATA PAR ES APL User s Group and that the sound on time equals the sound off time This departs from the traditional Morse Code which does not frequency encode dits and dahs and has dahs lasting three times the duration of dits Since we are not using time duration modulation it is more efficient to make dits and dahs of equal duration The end of character is recognized by no transmission for a time equal to more then two dah durations The serial code correspondences with printable non printable and mode keys are shown in Table 1 For historic reasons and for code efficiency reasons the International Morse Code definitions for alphabetic numeric and punctuation keys were retained New definitions had to be made for the space backspace linefeed escape and enter keys Besides the standard keyboard mode four keyboard modes are defined by first generating the serial code for the desired mode followed by the alphabetic or numeric m
110. er 1983 27 4 mMmoRE THE Seis by Boris Levine This is to call your attention to a very interesting article on helping disabled persons to make more effective use of computers and to describe the hardware I have made based on that article The article referred to is by Wolfger Schneider and is in Creative Computing Communicating in Code Oct 1983 Pg 222 In that article Mr Schneider described software written in Applesoft which would accept signals in a modified Morse code and convert them into signals equivalent to keyboard input Fur ther he described hardware of various degrees of complexity to provide those signals using the Apple s game I 0 socket The technique is particularly effec tive because it goes beyond displaying the words keyed in it also permits entering pre packaged commands like CATALOG and booting other programs by keying commands like LOAD xxxx d2 The software listing included a tutorial and a practice program which per mitted practice at various speeds When I called Mr Schneider twice for some technical information on one form of key he cheerfully provided that information and in addition sent me a disk with the three programs listed in his article 1 have provided a copy to the WAP library My intention is to adapt Mr Schneider s approach to the needs of a person with very limited manual capa Plastic base 2x4 inch ei Sas a ae Pie ee 3 conductor
111. erefore the next basic step is to acquire a 2 80 card from any one of numerous sources Microsoft designed and sold the original card which they sell with the Digital Research Disk CP M If you purchase a less expensive board you will also have to buy the CP M operating system and manual from Microsoft the only source that I know about Our CP M library disk contains a control pro gram written to run under CP M called ZCPR but this still requires a basic copy of CP M by Digital Re search See previous article on this subject in WAP Journal Installation of the Z 80 card is very simple You must first move your cards into the proper slots required by CP M and Pascal This is a must since CP M looks at specific slots during the boot up sequence The printer card must be in stot 1 any modem type card D C Hayes or Apple Comm must be in slot 2 slot 3 must contain any terminal type card normally the 80 column card Slot 4 is a good place for the 2 80 card and slot 5 is reserved for your next two disk drives ha ha ha Slot 6 is a must for the disk controller card and slot 7 is available for anything else that you desire I use it for transient cards like my Eprom blaster next step is to turn on the power push reset or and boot the CP Mmaster disk whurr click whurr If all is well you should see the sign on for Digital Research and the CP M prompt of A which means A Drive is the current drive in use To try out your
112. erminals by the Applied Physics Laboratory of the Johns Hopkins University under sponsorship of the Veterans Administration These units are currently being evaluated in several rehabilitation centers throughout the United States and Canada A firmware version for the Apple computer is being marketed by M E D Inc This article is excerpted from one by the author pub lished in the October issue of Creative Comput ing Magazine contd Washington Apple Pi A t N 1 SPACE Botte Q 2 BACK C kot p toet 3 ketone LINE rok D att Q ante 4 kkka ENTER SOE i E 3 R kok 5 kkk ze A o F koek S kkk 6 akkkk SHIFT eeccece G aak T 7 Pee td CTRL RERKKK H wKKK U kre 8 waa kt REPT ees 5 J we y kkka 9 ES SEQ akon J Beee YW wee 0 2000 ESC F ewww K ake xX okka L kokk Y akon woo kKK ookkaan M aa Z wok okakak gt kakake kkhkka wkk kaa TABLE 1 This Morse code table shows the code assignments for alphanumeric and punctuation keys Special code assignments for cursor control and mode control keys were made as shown Punctuation and graphic keys requiring the shift key on the standard keyboard will require the shift mode code to the code of the desired key that shares its location 3 Position Game Paddle Switch Connector DIT lt gt DAH e 77 5V PIN 1 toro tort 2 KOHM to bh eeeses eeseena gt 5 P81 PIN 3 D Tseesesesese ssee s GND PIN 8 l 2 KOHM E
113. estriction and relocation dictionaries are not used as well as make use you ll be amazed at the price MicroMaster is available now for only 75 plus 3 shipping amp handling Maryland residents add 5 sales tax We even include a medium speed DOS for FREE Consis tent with the MicroPower policy the MicroMaster system disk has no annoying copy protection schemes All files are fully copyable and listable MicroMaster is available from your local dealer or order directly from MicroPower Ltd 301 495 2933 1100 East West Highway MasterCard amp VISA Silver Spring Maryland 20910 accepted MicroMaster and MicroPower are trademarks of MicroPower Ltd Apple and Applesoft are registered trademarks of Apple Computer Inc Washington Apple Pi December 1983 43 ext which does program will do contain not allow one to quite see what a before running Most disks will some documentation on public domain programs called 00C files or in the form of a file called READ ME You may display the contents of these files by using the resident command TYPE followed by file name ext of the file to be read Use Ctri S to stop the listing and Ctri Q to restart 2CPR has a new resident command called LIST which will list the file to your print device Note CP M does not have a PR 1 command and just getting a file to the output device is a little tricky read the CP M manual The greatest benefit of
114. esville Road in Silver Spring Two years later we could be found meeting in a large auditorium in George Washington University and two years later in the various lecture rooms of USUHS We were of course just visitors in these places and for three years we had no day to day hone Many readers will remember the Board meetings in my home with members scattered over the carpet nuzzied from time to time by our enormous dog Matilda Matilda no longer at tends Board meetings as we now meet in Apple Pi s own meeting rooms on Woodmont Avenue At last Apple Pi has its own permanent home with office space library space and a room for tutorials and SIG meetings Having permanent office space has been a great forward in the history of the Pi However I still have a dream of an integrated home with not only office classrooms and library but an adequate meet ing space as well I would also envisage a site con venient for public transportation will Metrorail reach the Pi by 19857 easy access to the Beltway and with plenty of parking A search is underway for such a dream home It may turn out that it would be beyond our resources unaided but perhaps a coopera tive arrangement with other user groups so that we could share the use of the meeting space is not beyond the bounds of possibility Perhaps one day we will look back on our present premises as we now look back on that basement in Colesville Road amp step 3 WAI HOT
115. et Buttons allow the user to stop temporarily reverse and restart the display without having to ia bay the joystick The degree of magnifi cation of letter size is selectable from 2 to 16 times original size and a switch enables the user to revert to normal non enlarged display without disassembling the hardware Other unique features include tab settings for rapidly 16 December 1983 MAIS s HAR ie dC Ces 3 Sie LF Fe hei Gowin advancing the display to predetermined locations Line markers can be set to isolate single lines or areas of the display for easier reading When used with the continuous scroll mode which wraps around the display it allows rapid reading with no chance of losing one s place on a full screen APPLICATIONS Because the DP 10 works with existing software including word processors and terminal emu lation programs the partially sighted user has greater access to a wider world of information than s he has ever had before For example such resources as The Source could not be utilized previously due to the tediousness of trying to read the normal display The DP 10 will allow the visually impaired user to comfortably and more effiently use a CRT display without needing external magnification devices This should open up new opportunities for the computer user whether s he employs the Apple alone or connects it to a mainframe The following lists summarize the primary advantages and weaknesses of the
116. ethod of Payment hee O WALDO main board with standard features 599 00 1 Check or money order cS yi l O VOICE tobot type synthesized voice 199 00 ti Visa Mostercafd Address Fa H C Additional information t COD add 5 00 City State 7p Mal to ARTRA INC P O Box 653 dons EaR Vso Mostercard Exp date i Arington VA 222 703 527 0455 residents erT H E S EN EEN AAT AAA EENE E E E AE E EEA Washington Apple Pi December 1983 29 ARFECSSOFT TOKENS by Richard A Untied When you are writing an Applesoft program and you TOKEN ADDR KEYWORD TOKEN ADDR KEYWORD enter a line at the keyboard Applesoft scans through Seas RSS SSES Sees Teer Cemesets what you typed and converts keywords to tokens then enters the compressed line into your program in c8 D9 E2FF POS memory These tokens are then interpreted by Apple c9 s DA EE8D SQR soft when you RUN or LIST the program Characters CA DB EFAE RNO which are not recognized as keywords are stored in the cB DC 941 LOG line as ASCII characters high bit off These cc K DD EFO9 EXP include numbers variable names strings and every cD AND DE EFEA COS thing following REM or DATA statements CE OR DF EFF SIN CF gt EQ FO3A TAN An Applesoft program will normally be stored in memory D0 z El FO9E ATN starting at address 0801 Each line begins with a D1 lt E2 764 PEEK forward pointer to the next line two bytes then the eres eeesee E3 606 LEN line number two byte
117. eview of the current status of computers in special education Logan UT Exceptional Child Center Utah State University January 1981 Vitello S J Bruce P Computer assisted instructional programs to facilitate mathematical learning among the handi capped Journal of Computer Based Instruction Nov 1977 amp OP 10 contd from pg 16 the copy protection It seems to be very rare Sargon II was only program we ve found so far PRODUCT DETAILS Price 2 495 Available for Apple II II e Available for IBM PC first quarter 1984 Model with 80 column compatible interface for Apple announced for January 1984 Manufactured by Visualtek 1610 26th Street Santa Monica CA 90404 213 829 6875 Local orders MD VA DC NC contact Phillip Barton Vision Systems 3911 York Lane Bowie MD 20715 301 262 3665 or Susan Gowin 703 256 2555 Demon strations will be arranged upon request amp VF ASSOCIATES A Family Store Holiday Saving sce 80 Column Card with Soft Switch 135 2 80 Card for CPM Regular 98 Z 80 Card for CPM MHZ Applicard 265 Same I O Extender Twin Port Joystick Gorilla 4 3utton Adam amp Eve Game Paddles a 12 ExtracHires Green Monitor Amber Monitor Transtar 120 Letter Quai Portable Transtar 315 7 Color Printer Basic Dot Matrix Printer NEC 8023A 1LOOcps Dot Matrix Printer 360 ALF 9 Voice Music Card 138 RF Modulator Interference Protected 39 Parallel Printer Ca
118. f help and socialization Waldo from Artra Inc is one device designed for the contd 24 December 1983 Washington Apple Pi Apple that turns the computer into a tool for envi ronmental control These abilities contribute to the development of independence in a child provide prag matic reinforcement for communication and free up the rest of the family for other functions Robot ics Sechelt ogy although very new in personal applications eginning to surface giving new thoughts to the area of environmental manipulation The HERO 1 from Heathkit is an example of a relatively low cost multi function robot currently available A new product from Micromation the Apple Hero Communi cator which provides two way communication between the Apple and the Hero will rapidly increase the sophistication of robotics applications As one exam ple robots can be programmed to retrieve objects in the environment The implications are many for the motor handicapped child who wants to play with a par ticular toy Presently he must communicate to another person the desire to play with it and request their assistance to bring it to him If the robot can perform this function independence and self concept growth opportunities are enhanced Additionaly the desire and ability to gradually explore and manipulate the environment should allow more normalized develop ment in the child s learning process Research in relatively low cost and portable biomedical
119. ferent ranges Historically one of the first uses of digital computers was the calculation of gunnery ranging parameters For an example enter the ballistic coefficient of 9 the muzzle velocity of 10000 ft sec zero range of 1000 yds and range 1 of 10000 yds If the gun s sites were set for a direct hit on the zero range the program gives you the sighting corrections needed to hit the target on range 1 106 4 GRAPH POLAR FUNCTIONS The common X Y grid used for most graphing on the Apple is called the cartesian coordinate system Many math functions however graph best on a circular or polar grid This program graphs such functions showing the attractive patterns they form For the example try a step of 1 degree and a scale of 90 pixels Then try the other examples given at the end of the listing 106 5 GREAT CIRCLE The shortest distance between two places on a globe like the earth is not a straight line on a flat map That is why the air route from London to Los Angeles crosses the Artic Circle This program was written to help Ham radio operators calcu late the bearing and distance to distant lands but is 106 6 HARMONIC ANALYSIS Another example of the use of the fast fourier transform to break a mathematical function into its periodic components The author s address is given at the end of the listing but no clear example is included of the intended use of this particular program The best general referenc
120. g it possible for some severely disabled people to speak for the first time Let me begin to elaborate upon this subject by making an observation about attitudes which I often encounter among computer enthusiasts Despite what I assumed computer types should know about computers I find that they have fixations about the input and output systems rather than on the computers themselves They think of a computer as a keyboard and a screen when actually those are among the most trivial parts of the machine They are simply input and output devices which are convenient for non disabled people What is important about computers is what s in between the keyboard and the screen Unlike pre computer devices such as typewriters there is no necessary connection between any particular key on the keyboard and any particular shape appearing on the screen In fact the computer doesn t care whether the input comes from a keyboard or whether the output goes to a screen as long as the input device delivers strings of pulses that the computer can recognize and the output device reacts to the streams of pulses which the computer sends out as the computer expects it to Thus many of the applications of the computer to disabilities may be conceptualized as keyboard emulation and screen emulation Now a word about disabilities I find it most useful to view people with disabilities as lacking or having some impairment in one or more specific functions
121. g methods A COPY lt return gt A COPY A A lt return gt For now I suggest that you use the first method so that you may get used to the feel of the machine When you receive the prompt simply type in the directions A A lt return gt and receive the prompt to insert disks One of the most obvious benefits of CP M is that all programs are supplied in a non protected format and the basic COPY program will copy anything I think the theory is that most CP M com mercial programs contain a great deal of documenta tion and supplier support and therefore do not need to be locked up column card to run CP M and a good way to get around The most perplexing thing about CP M is that file this is to install ZCPR previously mentioned with names may only be a tae characters long with a three the 40 column mode invoked which will allow you to see letter file extend usually identified as filename contd 42 December 1983 Washington Apple Pi N MicromMaster the MicroPrPrower for S gt satem AppPlesoft Programmers The Applesoft Answer for all Applesoft Programmers From the wizards of MicroPower comes an enhanced Applesoft with all the convenience and power of the the big BASICs and an easy natural way of adding the speed and power of machine language to the Applesoft programs you write without having to Know machine language The MicroMaster library contains over 50 commands more than twice the
122. have a version for the RX 80 Unfortunately Epson has released a number of similar printers with several different printer operating systems The MX 70 came in only one version however the MX 80 has three different systems the original block graphics but no hi res Graftrax 80 and Graftrax Plus also called Type III The MX 100 has two versions the original with graphics and Graftrax Plus Type III Before purchasing any program for the Epson make sure you know which type of printer you have An article in the October 1983 Softalk by Bill Parker explains how to tell which type of printer operating system you have A few months ago my Apple II began to occasionally print two characters on one key stroke i e LL 33 The problem appears random and does not seem to favor any particular characters Any suggestion would be appreciated The problem is most likely the keyboard encoder chip on your keyboard This chip continuously scans the keyboard and sends the value of any key pressed to the Apple CPU If only one or two keys were misbehaving the problem would probably be with the mechanical switches in the keyboard I believe there may be different chips used in the different revisions of the Apple however the suspect chip is the 40 pin chip on the keyboard itself or for newer Apple IIs it is on the encoder board attached to the bottom of the keyboard The Apple e uses an AY3600 PRO encoder chip and 2716 EPROM both of which
123. hich I can make back up copies And this means switching to CP M ness Bill of course replies that he does this and O K if you re thinking of purchasing a CP M system that and also I write some letters Jim s eyes let s look at some of the ways CP M works You boot light up He knows money when he smells it What you the CP M systems diskette and on the screen you see need he says Is a Word Processor to do your work Microsoft s Copyright and then about three lines down contd 46 December 1983 Washington Apple Pi y dare o Find More Advanced More Sophisticated Apple Software For Less We ve taken a byte out of the competition with advanced easy to use programs for your Apple Computer at pared down prices FORTH WRITE One of the first programs to conform to the Fig Forth 1983 Standard Includes hi res cotor graphics string functions RWTS Interface assembler and versatile screen editor Available by Dec 115 95 TEST MASTER Developed by an educator using the Forth Write System this program emphasizes the skills necessary for successful test taking Through testing and analyses you will develop better skills in reading studying and decision making It also allows the user to enter his own questions 44 95 6502 MASTER KIT All the tools needed for an assembly language program This disk now gives Apple users the benefit of Automatic Flowcharting as well as an asse
124. however sees the result as one long continous program An introductory level is maintained throughout this disk An address is given where additional informa tion may be obtained by mail for the more advanced user DISK 106 SCIENCE ENGINEERING Reviewed by Tom Riley This volume contains miscellaneous engineering and math programs These include a set for analyzing problems in the drilling of oil and natural gas wells a Great Circle program to find the distance and direc tion to any place on earth and two math utility programs 106 1 HELLO CATALOG OBUO CATALOGFILE and ENGI NEERING MENU These programs give a little informa tion about the disk then assist you in selecting the program you want Although this system is helpful the general purpose menu program from Vol 112 Utilities C is far superior 106 2 ANNULUS DRILL DXC LOG LOG PRGM LOG PRGM OPT MUDLOG 5 1 MUDLOG OPT 4 MUDLOG OPT 5 1 PUMPS and VARIABLES This system of programs helps you solve the problems encountered in drilling oil and gas wells It is an elaborate set of programs designed to do a specific engineering task Unfortunately no documentation or references are given so the programs are difficult to use unless you are already very familiar with deep drilling tech niques 106 3 EXTERIOR BALLISTICS Given the ballistic characteristics of a bullet or shell this program calculates the sighting corrections for a number of dif
125. ice on Thursday evenings for a gathering of the NewSig NewSig is a special interest group for those who have just entered the bewildering world of the Apple In the NewSig notes column in the Journal you will find a list of which volunteer will be at the office on what night Please come over and find out all you wanted to know but were afraid to ask The volunteers do not guarantee an answer let alone a correct one but they are willing to try Thanks to the generous eight CALL A P P L E SOFTWARE By this time we should have the much asked about A P P L E software at the office Please call to verify this before coming over however if you are interested This software will only be available to members of WAP who are also members of A P P L E YOUR LOCAL STORE As many of you know one of the ways that new Apple owners find the WAP is through the purchase of a copy of the Journal at a local computer store We would like to have the Journal on sale at as many stores as possible to identify ourselves Washington Apple Pi CORNER stein Please look in the magazine rack of your favorite computer stores and see if our Journal is there If not please ask the store manager if they would be willing to carry the Journal as a way of getting help to their customers MEMBERS PROGRAMS Have you written a program which you think is valuable but because of the long hours which you put in don t want to give it away W
126. identify individuals whose handicaps can be remediated through computer applications But equally important we need those of you who can contribute some small effort in developing software or hardware applications for the identified tasks That is what the November main meeting is was about That is what these articles are about If you can contribute your time and talents contact the WAP office amp Washington Apple Pi 83 DISCOUNT PRICES sss Monitors NEC 1260 Green NEC Color Composite Modems D C Hayes Micromodem l e D C Hayes 300 Baud Smartmodem D C Hayes 1200 Baud Smartmodem 500 220 Printers Toshiba P1350 Transtar 120P NEC 8023 NEC 3510 Spinwriter IDS Microprism 480 Okidata Micro 82 A Okidata Micro 83 A Okidata Micro 92 Okidata Micro 93 Prowriter 8510 A Epson FX80 Epson FX100 Synetix Disk Emulator 294 K 510 Grappler Printer Card Specify Printer Buffered Grappler Plus Amdek Digital Plotter Z 80 Card Softcard Premium System Ite Format II Wordstar Wordstar with Applicard PBL Personal Investor Saturn Accelerator II Videx Videoterm E Z Ledger Hightands E Z Invoice Highlands Stock Option Analysis Program H amp H Scientific Stock Option Scanner HK amp H Scientific d Base Il Dow Jones Analyzer Dow Jones Manager LJK Letter Perfect Visicalc Microsoft Muttiplan General Manager Screenwriter II VISA MC Add 3 money order certified
127. ile detached keyboard MEMORY EXPANSION Wespercaorp Wizard 16K RAM card 2 yr warranty STB Systeas 64K RAM card w disk emulation software 479 9N 1149 385 Washington Apple Pi December 1983 SOFTWARE WORD PROCESSING Wordstar 3 3 including 6 Mhz Z 80 Applicard 399 Wordstar 3 3 program alone ScreenWriter II 70 col display spooling sore Super Text Professional Bank Street Writer Ward Handler 70 col display easy to use Letter Perfect Incredible Jack word processing data base calc Sensible Speller IV checks ANY file type The Word Plus super spelling checker for CP M SPREADSHEETS amp FORTUNE TELLERS Multiplan state of the art spreadsheet VisiCalc IIe version available also The Financial Planner from the dBASE folks SuperCale 2 power ful CP M spreadsheet INFORMATION dBASE II w ZIP screen generator Quickcode dBASE program generator dUTIL tine savers for the dBASE prograoner The General Manager 2 0 08 Master PFS File Repart or Graph Infostar including 6 Mhz 2 80 Applicard Data Perfect VisiFile Condor III powerful relational database systee VersaFore business foras processor 0BMS BUSINESS amp ACCOUNTING BPI Accounting AR AP PAYROLL INVENTORY ea module 259 Peachtree Peachpak GL AR AP all three Accounting Plus GL AR AP INVENTORY all four The Accountant double entry bookkeeping systes Hore Accountant COMMUNICATIONS Ascii Express P
128. iles programs over the modem A lot of the available software ASCII Express Data Capture etc work only with the Micromodem but Visiterm from Visicorp supports all of the standard commun ications cards If you are willing or desire to work from a Pascal environment Datalink from Link Systems is very easy to use once it is set up 44 December 1983 Q I d like to output my graphics to a Video Cassette Recorder VHS Is there a reasonably priced board or other solution that lets me do this A The video signal emitted by the Apple does not exactly conform to NTSC specifications and broad cast quality equipment may not work properly with it dim Hockenhull would probably claim this is the understatement of the year The solution is neither simple nor inexpensive There are a number of companies making corrector boards Adwar Video Corp 100 Fifth Ave New York NY 10011 sells a board the Proc Mod approx 300 to bring the signal within tolerance for 1 2 and 3 4 video tape recorders For more information see Jim Hockenhull s article in the June 1982 issue of Call A P P L E and the fol low up article in December 1982 amp Washington Apple Pi ce EP Nes cas 2 by Richard Rowell _ As the old British saying goes Leg over leg the In order to merge my subroutine with John Love s dog went to Dover And A MUSE of displaying targe delete his line 120 and change the RETURN in his numbers on the screen
129. intained it over the high tech areas to know if the company is doing some long term and this could very easily have been the thing useful and saleable or just bakin pie in the result of their knowing the true nature of the situa sky therefore most analysts are no better than the tion but also being sensitive to the panic headlines consultants they consult and most of the consultants contd on pg 41 36 December 1983 Washington Apple Pi OUR APPROACH e All Products Always Discounted e Reference Literature amp Guides For Browsing e Demo Machines e Special Orders Our Speciality e Gift Certificates Available e Rainchecks For Out Of Stock Specials e Comfortable Showroom Environment e Special Corporate Government Educational amp User Group Accounts SOFTWARE _ HARDWARE e Business e Monitors e Scientific e Printers e Education e Drives e Recreation e Interfaces e Programming e Modems e Home amp Personal e Expansion Boards e Specialized e Cables LITERATURE ACCESSORIES amp SUPPLIES e Books e Media amp Media Storage e Magazines e PC Protection amp Care Products e Free Product Information e Paper amp Custom Forms ROCKVILLE STORE HOURS C l be placed on Sof C l f omplete coupon to be placed on Software City Special Mailing List Mon Fri 10 6 Montrose Rd Randolph Rd Thurs 10 8 Name Sat 10 5 Z z Address i i 2 Nicholson Lane wy m gt PC Montgomery Whe Fint Mall Type PC at Wo
130. ion Another program called Agendas works in with the Thunderclock to give you a smart calendar It will remind you of appointments up to 9 days in advance Another patch he is presently per fecting is for the Transcend intelligent terminal program It has proven to be tricky to have all the features of Transcend available through voice Bil indicates that even though the development time is much longer and often involves several people those people have felt the projects are important enough not to drive the cost higher than anyone would pay for the same kind of software off the shelf It has been said that some of the profits from program sales are going toward development of a reading machine that will scan printed meterial and make it available through the talking Apple Another person writing software is David Holiday of Raised Dot Computing 310 South 7th Street Lewisburg PA 17837 717 523 6739 David s programs are com atible with the Echo II and also have drivers for a ost of input and output devices His major program is called Braille Edit It is designed for proficient braille users I understand it is a sophisticated word processor among other things One day I will have it to use along with the Bill Grim programs but for now I will leave it to another expert who uses this program Both these folks have started SIGs which are growing like tobacco leaves I have learned a great deal from both of these aggregations
131. ions of educational software Price of class may be credited toward purchase of educational software in our retail store The Learning Center also provides custom designed instruction on site or in our classroom Course discounts available with system purchases Contact us at 301 856 2500 for details and inquiries 5 Beltway Exit 7A Branch Ave Rt 5 at t n 6443 Old Alex Ferry Rd lint 9 Clinton Md 20735 uter 301 856 2500 ter eppic Dealer amp Service Center BULK RATE U S POSTAGE WASHINGTON APPLE PI LTD saat ate 8227 Woodmont Avenue Suite 201 Glen Echo MD Bethesda MD 20814 20812 a ADDRESS CORRECTION REQUESTED A REFURBISHED DAISY WHEEL TERMINAL FOR PERSONAL COMPUTER USERS AND SMALL BUSINESSES Now you can haveletter quality printing and professional features for for just 995 2 gb D Ne AJ daisy wheel printer terminals are renowned for And you can choose from a list of options including exceptional performance high reliability and applications forms tractor pin feed platen paper trays side shelves versatility Now you can have all this for only 995 in our extra printwheels APL keyboard and 2K buffer special limited offer Call your nearest AJ regional e 30 cps etter quality printing 4 ie Ek wl k office for details San Jose CA e Changeable type faces o foe a 408 946 2900 Rosemont IL e Full ASCII keyboard with A 312 671 7155 Hackensack numeric pad i l NJ 201
132. iplan Terry Prudden 301 933 3065 Operating Systems APPLE DOS Richard Langston 301 258 9865 Richard Untied 703 241 8678 CP M Robert Fretwell 703 971 2621 Paddles Tom Riley eve 301 340 9432 Pers Filing Sys Bill Etue 703 620 2103 Ben Ryan 301 469 6457 Jenny Spevak 202 362 3887 Printers General Walt Francis 202 966 5742 Anderson Jacobson Bill Etue 703 620 2103 Leon Raesly 301 460 0754 Apple Dot Matrix Joan B Dunham 301 585 0989 IDS 460 Jeff Stetekluh 703 521 4882 MX 80 Jeff Dillon 301 422 6458 Okidata Scott Rullman 301 779 5714 Silentype Bruce Field 301 340 7038 Spreadsheet 2 0 Leon Raesly 301 460 0754 Statistical Packages Jim Carpenter 301 371 5263 Stock Market Robert Wood 703 893 9591 Tax Preparer H Soft Leon Raesly 301 460 0754 Time Shar ing Dave Harvey 703 527 2704 VisiCalc Walt Francis 202 966 5742 Leon Raesly 301 460 0754 Word Processors Walt Francis 202 966 5742 Apple Writer II Doug Daje 301 868 5487 Dianne Lorenz 301 530 7881 Leon Raesly 301 460 0754 Tom Warrick 301 656 4389 Gutenberg Neil Muncy 301 251 9330 Letter Perfect Cara Cira 301 468 6118 Leon Raesly 301 460 0754 Peach Text Carl Eisen 703 354 4837 PIE Writer Apple PIE Jim Graham 703 643 1848 ScreenWriter II Peter Combes 301 871 1455 Supertext II Doug Daje 301 868 5487 Peter Rosden 301 229 2288 Word Handler Jon Vaupel 301 977 3054 WordStar David Inouye 301 422 892
133. ires that only one byte be changed Byte 9E42 should be changed to 34 for Binary and 14 for Text The HELLO file will still be Basic but just DELETE it and subsitute the program you want to use as HELLO All of these changes will be saved by initilizing a disk after any of them have been made If any of you have any patches you would like to share give me a call I can now be reached on the ABBS WP2418 amp Sale Sale Sale OKIDATA Microline 92 455 Other Printers Included In This Sale Offer Expires 11 30 83 Disk E re Bata 6641 Backlick Rd Suite 206 Springfield VA 22150 703 451 4100 Washington Apple Pi THE THE Ae by Bill Jacobson I was asked by the editorial staff of this esteemed journal to compare the much beloved Screenwriter word processor nee Sierra On Line Coarsegold California 130 with a number of its major competitors The request was predicated upon my knowledge of many pro cessors perhaps 3 dozen or so There is of course nothing so subjective as objec tivity especially when it involves your children and computer software So I will not claim total objec tivity in this matter I simply hope to be moderately successful in controlling my biases In prior articles I compared a number of popular pro grams So I will begin with a revised version of that list which now includes ScreenWriter Only a few of the features listed will be discussed during the course
134. ite the effort that went into the enhanced version of ScreenWriter it appears that the obvious was overlooked At the bottom of the edit screen are a command line area tab spacing numbers input and output file names and a text buffer space indicator There are no read outs for cursor position page number memory remain ing or any other status information ScreenWriter editing may be executed at the Command and Text Edit levels The cursor initially is located contd December 1983 39 on the command line from which disk 1 0 entry to the Text Edit level and system related commands are executed If you are using the 80 column feature text entry is initially very very slow Even neophyte typists will find that they are pressing keys much faster than the screen is registering them The more text you place in memory the faster the echoing of keystrokes will become These delays are not encountered in the 40 column mode Once you have completed text entry you must return to the command line for saving text and other housekeep ing chores For example you may preview a formatted version of the text in memory by entering the L list command and pressing RETURN The document is then printed to the screen but in the 40 column mode Most cursor movement and block manipulations can be entered both in the command line and text entry modes After saving text you may print the document by entering the command X to mo
135. izers use only a program loaded in RAM memory and can be used in slot 3 in addition to the card in the auxiliary slot One other type of card can be used also an Integer Basic ROM card or a 16K RAM card that doesn t require a strap to the motherboard The memory on these cards oper ates in a different way and no conflict occurs with the auxiliary card I have an Apple e with the 80 column card in the auxiliary slot I find the 80 column character set difficult to read it s dot resolution is very coarse Is there an alternate software routine to use a different character set No the character set is permanently loaded into a 2732 EPROM Actually the character set for the 40 and 80 column modes is identical except for 80 columns the characters are just half as wide This tends to make them look more spread out vertically and make the spaces between the vertical lines more noticeable One thing you can do to improve this is to adjust the vertical height control on your monitor to reduce the height of the letters This will make them look a little more solid If you have access to an EPROM programmer it is possible to program a new 2732 EPROM with a dif ferent character set however each character must still fit in a matrix 5 dots wide by 7 dots high so there is no improvement in the resolution Some 80 column cards designed for the Apple II that fit in a regular slot not the auxiliary slot have somewhat better looking characters
136. joined by many others in reciting the importance of early motor actions and environmental manipulations to develop knowledge bases and language The question is raised by Goldenberg 1979 p 47 as to the level of motor interaction necessary to obtain the sensorimotor experiences needed He points out that some severely motor handicapped individuals reach high levels of cognitive development and suggests that active control over the environment may not be neces sary but that these individuals are receiving feedback from their surroundings in some other form He pro poses the possibility of remote control manipulation as being an adequate experimentation method for con ceptual development The computer s ability to maximize a minimal physical Gig ba mms Q Geel lo ancl Cognition Within the cognitive domain technology can be used to assist an individual in learning through the tech niques developed for computer assisted instruction CAI The young child can also benefit from these techniques if software is appropriately designed This means content type of interaction and responses must match their developmental levels The problems of low or non existent reading skills can be by passed by using animated graphics and voice synthesis for giving directions and feedback With improving inter face technology that requires minimal physical manipu lation switches are available that allow severely handicapped i
137. l devel 300A 12 AMBER i IIIN 133 opment of the child but each would also allow the cog COLOR I 13 COMPOSITE so etenens 2 nitve growth to continue in a normal fashion The NEC BLZGOMCA Cis ODERA TOUN 2 135 N literature is full of testimonies that the child ZENITH ZVM 21 12 GREEN 98 N learns from personal experiences of their environment i MODEMS N By providing the opportunity to independently explore NovaTtoN J CAT 300 BPS se ec ec eseees 106 and test hypotheses about their world cognitive 103 SHART CAT een ee gree 173 a nec AR EN FRE K E f N MICROMODEM II APPLE 257 A Conclusion SAMPLING OF POPULAR SOFTWARE on en ed VISECALC ADVANCED VERSION 0 0ee 000s g205 Q The age of computers is unquestionably going to impact Viet teed eee eee ee ee ere ee 163 the education of our children The questions of how VISIDEX 0 tt 163 when and where are in the hands of informed parents BANK STREET WRITER 47 N and educators It is important that decisions be made to utilize the benefits of the technology for our N Z2 HUNDREDS OF OTHER HW SW ITEMS AVAILABLE CALL children and yet not let the technology remove or les aa D RRS IDENTI ADO SE TAX Pa Prieto AVAILABLE sen other learning experiences N ALL GOODS ARE NEW amp INCLUDE MANUFACTURERS WARRANTY Technological innovations show particularily bright Nw prospects for the
138. le affair is that some of the same people who are prematurely trumpeting Apple s demise are still recommending Tandy Radio Shack and Commodore A careful look at Tandy stock indicators seems to indicate that despite its higher price per share it is a weaker stock than Apple Not only that but Commodore is known to be having SERIOUS problems with their vaunted Commodore 64 No disk drives and no sure word as to when they will little software lack of service facilities and support and an out of the box defect rate of over 25 As one observer commented They go after Apple because it is the clear leader in the non IBM micro computer field and has high visibility thereby They ignore such clear losers as Atari and incipient losers like Tandy who is getting a reputation for low quality and poor support and Commodore In reality Apple Computer Inc will be the last competitor of IBM to fall Some of the prophets of doom hold such attention on Wall Street that what they predict becomes almost self fulfilling prophecy but Apple will not give them the satisfaction You will note that Apple s stocks rallied back to about 21 within days of their bottoming out and they are getting more agressive in their marketing of LISA So all us Apple fans can take a hint from the Hitch hiker s Guide to the Galaxy and DON T PANIC I just wish I had had enough free cash to have bought up some of Apple s 54 8 million
139. lemented in either a separate firmware module that logically ORs the standard keyboard pro duced ASCII with the Serial Code Keyboard produced ASCII or they could be implemented in appropriately linked software executing on a personal computer The firmware approach is advantageous for proprietary software packages that allow no linking with other software The software approach provides a good familiarization with the Serial Code Keyboard approach to data entry and can be successfully used with most Applesoft programs The Electro Mechanical Interface To exercise the Serial Code Keyboard software a three position switch arrangement suitable to the individual handicap has to be constructed It is important to arrive at a switch lever arrangement that properly takes into account the handicapped user s stroke length stroke trajectory stroke force levels and stroke positioning accuracy capabilities In some situations a standard Morse keyer suitably mounted may serve as an appropriate three position switch Electrically the two switch contacts are interfaced to the Apple computer via the game port as shown in Figure 1 using the same bit inputs used by the game paddle pushbuttons This electrical connection is of opposite polarity to that used by the pushbuttons on the game paddles The switch connected to PBO will produce a sequence of high frequency dits for as long as the switch is closed Similarly PBl will produce a s
140. lete copy and move functions are well designed You simply move the cursor to the beginning of the text block and enter CONTROL G then place the cursor to the end of the affected block and enter CONTROL D for delete copy or CONTROL G for copy only The text is stored on disk and can be retrieved by entering CONTROL W at the appropriate spot in the text WordStar Palantir and Word Juggler embellish this function in one important way the text defined by the block commands is shown in inverse video so that it is delineated with great precision prior to a block command begin executed In sum I did not find ScreenWriter easy to use Writers should be able to lose themselves in composi tion with the processor not intruding unduly in the creative process I was unable to concentrate fully on composition because of the inherent distractions of the ScreenWriter command structure and cursor related conventions This article would have been much easier to prepare using WordStar Palantir Word Juggler or an assortment of other processors SPECIAL FEATURES ScreenWriter has a number of notable special features three of which I will briefly discuss footnoting indexing and virtual files Footnotes may be multiline and there is a buffer of 3583 characters for storing footnotes and index entries The syntax needed to invoke footnotes is fairly simple but the screen is very difficult to read and edit if there is more than one per page The exam
141. limitations of using hundreds of dollars of mutually incompatible canned software packages or WORSE pro gramming in Applesoft assembly or Apple DOS MegaTASK PLUS is a combined multi product hardware and software package that provides an instant Virtual Memory expansion an Applesoft compatible SuperBASIC and a series of Business Management packages that greatly enhance the power and value of the APPLE II in both systems programming and business applications areas MegaTASK and MegaDOS employ multitasking virtual memory optimization and virtual storage technology which until now were limited only to mainframes and the super minicomputers The SMARTCHIP an Intel 8748 Single Chip Plug In Microcomputer provides sufficient processing ower to enable your APPLE II to outperform both the IBM C and Apple s new Macintosh computer Yet all you need to begin is an APPLE II series computer plus one diskette drive And generally no modification to your existing Applesoft programs assemblies and DOS 3 3 files is necessary MegaTASK and MegaDOS accordingly generate an enor mous enhancement to the power available to the APPLE II owner specifically e Multitasking System processing techniques As many as 16 PROG S or TASKS can execute at one time The MegaDOS VS OS Virtual Memory Operating System can place within reach of your system MEGABYTES of Virtual Memory Largest program size 8 Megabytes Largest ISAM file
142. mbler editor and debugger 124 95 CATALOG MASTER A catalog maintenance and organization system for disks Depending on catalog size it can hold 64 catalogs on file 24 95 We welcome Dealer and Private Author inquiries We pay competitive royalties Authors using our Forth Write System will receive better royalties from us We are a consumer based company We strive to NOTICE keep our products affordable and we welcome your suggestions es Gees es ee ee ee ee ee ee eee eee Please send check or money order with this order form SPECIAL a Forth Write 10 DISCOUNT when you use CIty this order form VISA amp MASTERCARD ACCEPTED o 6502 Master Kit o Test Master o Catalog Master Va residents add 4 sales tax Please add 1 25 Postage STATE ___ ZIP and handing tee Allow 3 to 5 weeks for delivery COMPUTER CHALLENGES n 11110 Gainsborough Ct Suite 11 Fairfax Va 20030 703 591 3326 Washington Apple Pi December 1983 47 on the left side of the screen you see A gt You have now bumped into the first difference from APPLE DOS of the many you will see CP M will work with four and only four disk drives and it labels them A B C and D So CP M is telling you that it is ready with it s own little prompt gt This is the same as Applesoft does with the prompt However it is also telling you one thing more It is telling you which drive you are logged onto In APPLE DOS the
143. meetings were solicited Journal address labels may contain errors which should be reported to the office Volunteers are needed to lead the NEWSIG meetings to be held at the office on Thursday eve nings John Malcolm asked for help in indexing back issues of magazines and announced a _ special Holiday discount on disks Bob Hicks pre sented an update on the commercial software library A revival of Forth SIG will begin in November Interest in a LISA SIG was sought Bob Platt asked for volunteers to help index and debug library disks and announced the most recent disk library acquisitions Group pur chase reported A map to the office is to be found in the New Member s Reference Book The meeting ad journed to a presentation of data base management systems SEASON S GREETINGS Washington Apple Pi The company that has over 18 000 Apple II owners using DATA CAPTURE 4 0 now brings you DATA CAPTURE Ma An all new modem program for the Apple e 300 1200 Baud Operation 80 or 40 Column Display Automatically takes advantage of the Apple e 80 column card if it is present All New Manual Includes Table of Contents Tutorial Refer ence Section Troubleshooting Guide and Index Editor for preparing text files for transmission or editing received data Editor features include Insert Character Delete Character Delete to End of Line Find Character in Line Editor can be used to scroll forward and backward through Ca
144. mes Fa Cumber Jr Apple Tracks Richard Langston II The 80 Column ScreenWriter Bill Jacobson How to Get Into CP M Walt MINIs Word Handler JON Vaupel row COMMA oco a Richard Rowell Pushed Into CP M Leon H Raesly File Handler Update s Tom DeMay Jr A Page From The Stack Robert C Platt Ultimaker 2 A Review Bob Oringel Winter Disk Roundup x Robert C Platt GOSUB Routines Revisited C Swift Prop File Cabinet Goes to the Races Robert C Platt The Game Room Jeff Bruner e E TE 2E SET S Library Order Form WAP Tutorial Regis da Index to Advertisers Sa Bens eS EAEE E 29 30 31 34 36 38 39 42 4 4 45 46 49 50 51 52 59 60 62 64 64 COLOR YOUR APPLE FOR X MAS INTRODUCING professional looking hard copy COLOR printouts with the touch of a button Owners of the Apple Il Apple II Apple lle and Apple III in emulation can combine the exciting new CANON 7 Color Ink Jet Printer with a unique software Independent print er Interface to reproduce any screen display graphics text pictures charts and more CANON COLOR PRINTER A 1210 FEATURES Seven color plain paper printing Advanced drop on demand ink jet printing system Standard and enlarged characters High speed printing 40 characters per second Low noise level Image printing and CRT hard copy functions Large capacity ink cassettes C
145. mm SIG Chairman and Dave Harvey the Columnist George Kinal announced that hopefully within the next week he should have the ANCHOR MARK 12 He will be testing it over the next few weeks and thought it would be a good idea to demonstrate the modem at our next meeting This modem operates at 300 and 1200 baud and is external to the Apple which means that a serial interface card is required This modem according to the manufacturer is compatible with the Hayes Smartmodem and uses all of the same commands and has all the same features as the Hayes It was agreed by everyone present that the Telecomm SIG meeting in November would be on Tuesday November 15 at the WAP office A general discussion followed about 1200 baud opera tion on the Apple Because of this high speed some times the first few letters of a line are lost This is due to the time it takes for the monitor screen to scroll to the next line One way to prevent this is to use a protocol checking file transfer system such as the Christensen protocol which is a system avail able on CP M and some DOS 3 3 commercial software There are a number of reasons why 1200 baud is now becoming so popular The main one is that the price of 1200 baud modems has dropped considerably and there has been a reduction in time required for file trans fer The point was made that Compuserve rates for non prime time 1200 baud service has gone down which could be another reason for getting a 1200
146. n DOC or CPMSIG n 00C where nn is a two digit number such as 01 and n is a single digit number such as 3 PIP is a utility on the CP M disk to allow you to copy individual files from one disk to anotherarge a file is and how much space is left on the disk You can also assign a temporary read only STATus to the disk so that you cannot write to disk giving a low level of security in some cases STATus will also tell you many other things you probably don t want to know such as all USeR numbers for which there are files on the disk usually it will be just yourself and you would have automatically used the default USER number of 0 and other items of information Well this has been a brief treatment of CP M If you are interested in the system I recommend the book by Thom Hogan and published by Osborne yes it is the same one He was in publishing before the transport able microcomputer company I found it very readable and even more important extremely well organized next part of this article hopefully next I will start with WordStar which is usually most people buy the CP M system in the In the month the reason first place April 1983 Thanks for listening amp 4 DeMay Filehandler WAP Journal Sept 1982 and April 1983 December 1983 61 Washington Apple Pi THE by GAE ROON Jef F Bru nz e This month we have two more new games of very different qualities as well as a new name fo
147. n entrants and male age groups GETTING READY Originally I planned on using Quickfile e for this job but that program wil not work with my new EI EN Super 5 disk drives So I used SUPER FILE CABINET from WAP Library Disk 134 I booted up the program and created a new data base called NIKE36 The program then asked me for the headers to be stored in the file I selected headers for NUM the runner s race number NAME AGE SEX CAT to hold a one letter code for the runner s age group and a separate header for each split time You re probably wondering why I need a separate field for a number when a REC header is automatically included Well the REC for each runner will change whenever I sort the file and I needed to be able to retrieve records by the number that each runner wears during the race Before starting I tested the program and entered previously published corrections Ref 1 9060 IF SO LT THEN IF LEFT N J S LEN SV lt SV THEN 9080 3260 SP 0 HOME INPUT DO YOU WANT SPACING BETWEEN REPORT RECORDS YN IF YN lt gt Y OR YN lt gt y THEN 3262 1904 J VALCYNS IF J lt 1 OR J gt NR THEN 1902 In addition lines 5230 to 5300 were modified for my control card and printer Change the POKE 1785 in lines 5240 5260 and 5290 to whatever instructions if any your control card needs to set a line length I added a PRINT CHR 29 to set my Okidata to 17 cpi 132 character line mode and PRINT CH
148. n for LOADMON 16 9 NEWMON Binary image of new Autostart Monitor used by LOADMON 16 10 OLOMON Binary image of old original monitor used by LOADMON 16 11 PERSONIFY For DOS 3 2 ONLY Modifies DOS 3 2 so that the heading DISK VOLUME in a CATALOG is changed to a string of your choice 16 12 SEQUENTIAL TEXT EVERYTHING Allows you to manipulate sequential text files It also provides summary statistics on the file such as avg record length and number of records THIS PROGRAM WAS MISSING LINE 70 16 13 TRACK SECTOR READER For DOS 3 2 ONLY THIS PROGRAM HAS BEEN SCRAMBLED 16 14 UPDATE DOS FAST INIT DOS 3 1 amp 3 2 Modifies DOS 3 1 or 3 2 to speed up the INIT command THIS PROGRAM HAS BEEN PARTIALLY LOST DISK 20 MUSIC Reviewed by Bob Kosciesza Ed Note Bob did a superb nine page documentation of this disk which is available for copying at the WAP Office Space permits only a summary of his write up 20 1 JOHANN SEBASTIAN APPLE Johann Sebastian Apple Version 4 written by F Paul Wyman copyright 1978 11 15 T CIRCLES Hi res demo Answer question converts the Apple II keyboard into a piano keyboard see picture uses paddles The top row numerals and the home row keys become contd 52 December 1983 Washington Apple Pi ticker ae Titan wemaocs SYS gt e IU SEINDOIg INGU Niy SICH gR y E SA17 safeH J NEC APPLE COMPATI
149. ndividuals to demonstrate their cognitive abilities both for classroom skills and for assessment purposes The Adaptive Firmware Card from Adaptive Peripherals is an example of available technology for the Apple that allows single switch inputs to replace keyboard inputs in commercially developed software The cognitive abilities of some individuals are being exhibited for the first time through these advances in technology These same technologies are also often appropriate for allowing very young children to use the technology in a beneficial way Communication Communication devices have improved tremendously in recent years Dedicated devices for communication are becoming lighter and more portable more flexible and expandable and easier to use Stand alone computers such as the Apple are also being programmed to allow equivalent and in some cases better communication abilities while still maintaining availability for other functions The Votrax voice systhesizer is an example of easily accessed voice output for inclusion in self developed software or commercially available communication programs such as those from Input Output Research Inc Techniques to teach early communication skills using technology can be based on those used to teach with traditional devices such as communication boards The early learner can begin with a computer controlled communication system that displays as few as two pictures As the child increases vocabula
150. nique concept a co resident operating system and dynamic subroutine library MicroMaster allows you to create custom systems easily With MicroMaster jobs that would be a real chal lenge to experienced machine language pro grammers can be easily done by a few simple commands without machine language No more CHAINing for large programs Only MicroMaster has full overlay capability just like large main frame computers Swap subroutines in and out and modify your operating system while your program is exe cuting Swap entire operating systems in and out while your program is executing just try that one BiG Bier e overlaying is done with simple LOAD and DELete commands eee actually much EASIER than CHAINing MicroMaster allows you to structure Applesoft programs using ex ubr in libraries Youll find that sturcturing programs into subroutines and modules makes programming easier and faster In addition you ll find that you re able to borrow subroutines from other programs more often which will make programming even faster MicroMaster also has a full error handling and trace back capability just like on the large computers Those who write in machine language wil find MicroMaster s ability to automatically relocate ry programs an added bonus Simply write your program and tell Micro Master to load it Machine language pro grams do NOT have to be written in reloca table code What a terrible r
151. nstruction for the hearing im paired Volta Review Sept 1981 Sewell D F et al Language and the deaf An interactive microcom puter based approach British Journal of Educa tional Technology Jan 1980 Watson P G Utilization of the computer with deaf learners Educational Technology Apr 1978 Winthrow F B Ed Learning technology and the hearing impaired Volta Review Sept 1981 LEARNING DISABILITIES Colby K M The rational for computer based treatment of lan guage difficulties in non speaking autistic chil dren Journal of Autism and Childhood Schizo phrenia July Sept 1973 Goldenberg L M Special Technology for Special Children Com puters to serve communication and autonomy in the education of handicapped children Baltimore MD University Park Press 1979 Hasselbring T S Reducing inappropriate social behavior of mode rately retarded students as a function of modify ing teacher interactive behavior using the com puter assisted teacher training system CATTS Ann Arbor MI Indiana University 1979 Hasselbring T S Remediating spelling problems of learning handi capped students through the use of microcomput ers Educational Technology April 1982 Holz E et al Computer assisted instruction for teaching basic money handling skills to mentally handicapped students Edmonton Alberta Alberta Department of Education Edmonton Planning and Research Branch 1979 Sevcik E amp
152. nt suggestions by mail from those unable to attend any meeting Your Exec board needs your sug gestions for new projects and reactions to current and proposed activities Please drop us a card with your support or criticism and any ideas of what you want to see SCHOOL COORDINATORS We have four volunteer coordina tors Barbara Larson and Nancy Strange in Va Conrad Fleck in P G Co and Margie Stearns in Mont Co These members are ready to help connect school and PTA needs with WAP Apple Advisers If your school or PTA is in need of help please contact these coordinators While they may not be able to find someone for every problem they are willing to try We still need a coordinator for the D C schools and can always use additional coordinators in other areas SOFTWARE FOR SCHOOLS At this month s board meeting we discussed ways of making our public domain software available for educational purposes to all loca public schools The current proposal is that a letter from the principal containing a list of ten disks be sent to the office with a box of 10 blank diskettes The letter should state that the software will not be reproduced for use outside of the school Upon receipt of the letter and blanks we would send the ten selections to the principal interested in such an offer Would your school be NEWSIG MEETING Our Office is now open Thursday as well as Tuesday nights Eight members have volun teered to be at the off
153. nvert our DOS 3 2 disks into 3 3 format Many thanks to Fred Edwards for agreeing to take on this project The library will begin selling the reformatted disks early next year In the meantime just follow the instruc tions for using DOS 3 2 disks on page 7 of the New Member Reference Book RENT TIME ON A LETTER QUALITY PRINTER Write your paper on your word processor and print it on our letter quality printer Hourly Rates C C amp ASSOCIATES Washington Apple Pi hs F CARER 2s a Rewiew Bob ringet Ultimaker 2 is a utility program which can be used to help game clods like me enchance the enjoyment of games like Ultima 2 bU Ultimaker 2 is marketed by Amazing Software 625 Well ington Street North London Ontario Canada N6A 3R8 Documentation There are five pages of well and clearly written instructions which adequately describe the operation of the program It would be helpful if the pages were numbered and a cover page included minor criticisms indeed printed Program main menu The program is completely menu driven The provides three choices One may edit a playing character in Ultima 2 print maps of Ultima s terrains or look at playing hints There are hints from A to Z 26 of them ranging from basic to ad vanced with the admonition of the author to use only those necessary to enjoy the game The player editor permits giving a game character more spells hit points or food than
154. odifier The shift mode allows the shift codes to be generated and the control mode allows the control codes to be generated The repeat mode will repeatedly generate at a reasonable rate the code for the selected character until either switch is momen tarily closed A short high frequency tone will indicate termination of the repeat mode The sequence mode allows predefined ASCII code sequences to be called up For example sequence C will generate code for CATALOG return to list the catalog of disk files Serial codes not defined in any of the key board modes are identified by a short high frequency tone being issued and no code being generated Continuous backspacing occurs when generating more than seven dahs after which every new dah results in a backspace Similarly continuous retype occurs when generating more than seven dits Cursor movement can be done by using escape I J K or M just as with the regular keyboard but is better defined as a repeating sequence Summary The software implementation of the Serial Code Key board provides potential users with the opportunity of trying it out to see if it is a reasonable approach to data and command entry for some members of the handi capped user community A copy of the Serial Code Keyboard software is available in the Apple Pi files Firmware implementations of the Serial Code Keyboard have been developed for the Apple personal computer and for dumb RS 232 type t
155. of this article Figure A COMPARISON OF FEATURES we teeeeneeeeeo ree WORD PROCESSOR e2eeeree FUNCTION Pie Writer Screenwriter Apple Writer WordStar 3 3 1 Help screens One Soze Many Many 2 Forn letters Yes Yes Yes MatlMerge 3 Footnotes No Yes Yes Jutility 4 Indexing No Yes Ho Starindes 5 Printer spooling No Yes Ho Yes 6 Page bresk line on edit screen Wo NO Ho Yes 7 Cursor location indicators o gt Line Yes Ro No Yes Coluan Yes No Yes Yes Page No ko Ro fes 8 Horizontal scrolling Yes Ro Ro Yes 9 Run other pro grams from menu Ko No No Yes 10 Draft print capability Ro Yes No Yes 11 Ward disk drive coapatible Yes Ro No Yes 12 Copyabte Yes Ko Ko Yes 13 Prog files can be modified Yes No No Yes 14 What you see is what you get screen format Ko No No Yes 15 Uses 128K If avotlabte Ho N A Yes WIA 16 Ratings scale of A F Learning ease Be D A B o gt Text editing 0 ce A Form letters Ce A C A Overall power B amp c A My earlier ratings for WordStar changed somewhat Those used here reflect the features of the new ver sion 3 3 of that program WordStar now supports 20 function type keys on the Apple e that are user definable and has a superb reconfiguration program The function key arrangement makes learning and use of the program far simpler In addition WordStar exe cutes much faster and MailMerge now permits condit ion al printing of form letter data i e using if sta
156. oftus Becker 202 338 5217 John Staples 703 759 3461 DB Master Doug Daje 301 868 5487 Dave Einhorn 301 593 8420 Data Perfect Leon Raesly 301 460 0754 Data Factory Bob Schmidt 301 736 4698 General Manager Loftus Becker 202 338 5217 Ben Acton 301 428 3605 Leon Raesly 301 460 0754 InfoMaster Doug Daje 301 868 5487 List Handler Jon Vaupel 301 977 3054 Graphics Bill Schultheis 703 538 4575 Home Accountant Leon Raesly 301 460 0754 Languages A Applesoft I Integer P Pascal M Machine A Peter Combes 301 871 1455 A I Jeff Dillon 301 422 6458 A Richard Langston 301 258 9865 A Mark Pankin 703 370 9219 A Leon Raesly 301 460 0754 A I P M Bill Schultheis 703 538 4575 A 1 M Richard Untied 703 241 8678 Pp Dottie Acton 301 428 3605 LOGO Apple Ron Murray eve 202 328 3553 General Dagobert Soerge 703 823 2840 GENERAL INFORMATION Apple user groups may reprint without prior permission any portion of the contents herein provided proper author title and publication credits are given Membership dues for Washington Apple Pi are 25 00 for the first year and 18 00 per year thereafter begin ning in the month joined If you would like to join please call the club office or write to the office address A membership application will be mailed to you Subscriptions to the Washington Apple Pi Journal are not available The Journal is distributed as a benefit of membership Mult
157. ompact light design CAPITOL COPY PRODUCTS INC Beltsville Maryland PRINT IT FEATURES Operates at the push of a button Fully software independent will print any screen image in any program at any time resuming pro gram operation at original point of request Automatic selection of proper screen format printing any screen hi resolution low resolution text mixed color black white 40 or 80 columns Full function interface card includes horizontal and vertical margin control firmware for screen dump and text control Easy to operate FOR ONLY 995 00 you can bring the colors of the spec trum to your computer with the CANON A 1210 color print er intelligent parallel printer port card and a 5 printer cable FOR YOUR OWN COLORFUL CHRISTMAS CALL 301 937 5030 12000 01d Baltimore Pike Canon 5 2 0 COMPUTER SYSTEMS M Color Printer APPLE Il Outperforms IBM PC with Supermini Virtual Memory Technology yer If you need to get SERIOUS POWERFUL PROFES SIONAL results from your II e for Business or Engineer ing applications nothing comes close to MegaTASK PLUS Modelled on and developed from minicomputer based com mercial timesharing software available to large corporations for thousands of dollars annually MegaTASK PLUS is primarily designed for the APPLE II owner who demands quick effective analytical solutions to business pro blems and immediate RELIEF from the frustrations and
158. on 1982 No 231 Computer Connections for Gifted Children and Youth 1981 92pp 16 95 and available in January 1984 the Resource Book for Special Education Microcomputer HEARING IMPAIRMENT Arcanin J Zawolkow G Microcomputers in the service of students and teachers CAI at the California School for the Deaf American Annals of the Deaf Sept 1980 Bates M Wilson K ILIAD Interactive Language Instruction Assist ance for the Deaf Final Report No 4771 Cam bridge MA Bolt Beramek and Newman Inc Casey K B Computer applications for the deaf and deaf blind Directions Placement and Programming 1981 Cronin B The DAVID System The development of an inter active video system at the National Technical Institute for the Deaf Deaf Sept 1979 American Annals of the Dolman D English remediation and the older deaf student the computer as a tool American Annals of the Deaf Sept 1980 Goldberg E P Creative use of media in the schools and programs for the hearing impaired Volta Review Curricu lum Content and Change Oct Nov 1980 Hoffmeyer D B Computer aided instruction at the Florida School for the Deaf and Blind American Annals for the Deaf 1980 Mothner H Shawn J Microcomputers are Macrocontributors to special 20 December 1983 HAND ICAPPED Bibli ography education programs Aug 1982 American Annals of the Deaf Richardson J E Computer assisted i
159. ontact 280 REM CHOOSE SOME OTHER ELEMENT current rating of 3 Aor less If you wish to 290 MILK INT RND 1 8 1 control devices with high power consumption I 300 REM WAS MILK DIFFERENT FROM WINE suggest that you drive a more powerful relay using 310 REM IF NOT TRY AGAIN the low power one This provides an extra layer of 320 IF MILK WINE THEN GOTO 280 protection between the Apple and high power 330 REM INTERCHANGE GLASS WINE AND circuits The diode connected across the relay GLASS MILK protects the transistor from the back emf generated 340 TEMP GLASS WINE GLASS WINE by the relay when it opens do not eliminate it GLASS MILK GLASS MILK TEMP from the circuit 350 NEXT WINE 360 REM PRINT CONTENTS OF ARRAY The emitter of the transistor is connected to pin 1 370 FOR C 1 T0 8 of the 16 pin DIP of the game I 0 port the other 380 PRINT GLASS C end of the relay is connected to pin 8 The 2K 390 NEXT C resistor can be connected to any one of the annun ciator outputs pins 15 through 12 for outputs ANO An array called GLASS is created in line 210 and through AN3 respectively If you have an Apple e specified to have 8 elements Lines 230 to 250 you must use the 16 pin connector inside the Apple fill the array with the numbers 1 through 8 j e as all the signals are not present on the 9 pin GLASS 3 3 etc Line 290 is where a random connector on the back One by product of this cir number is chosen The RND 1 function returns a c
160. ordStar Jim has just added almost 2500 to the sale For now Bill has to buy WordStar 500 and a Z 80 card 475 and an 80 column board 375 and a monitor 400 and soft switch 55 and a 16K board 295 Not that WordStar is not a good program it was then and it has gotten better But the question of whether the customer needs 2500 MORE of features than Apple Writer Screen Writer or Letter Perfect never really became a question CP M was made popular because it made dealers money Well the argument then goes there are about 1 000 000 CP M users doesn t that make it ade facto standard Well there are also about 1 000 000 APPLE DOS users and I never heard anyone state that this makes the APPLE DOS an industry standard So if all that is so why get into it now reason is that prices have tumbled I have seen 7 80 cards as low as 95 and even WordStar with a bun dled included with WordStar 2 80 card at discount as low as 275 And the e now comes with BOTH a built in 16K card and an 80 column board And monitors have fallen in price Last week I saw a green screen 12 monitor advertised for as little as 89 at one of the downtown stores Also most people these days buy a monitor with their starter unit The first In my case and for many of the older owners I have over the last three years added a monitor 80 column board and a 16K card for other needs that I and they had as time went along So my co
161. ould not need to indicate the drive As a program user versus a programer you will most probably use only a couple of the utilities on the disk For convenience I am not differentiating between utilities that are sepa rate files on the disk and routines within the pri mary CP M system program I have placed the similar Apple utilites in parentheses next to them These are COPY COPYA PIP FID STAT FID DIR CATALOG ERA DELETE REN RENAME TYPE No direct equivalent in APPLE DOS and ED no direct equivalent but you can purchase editor utilities on the commercial mar ket Possibly you might get into using SUBMIT and XSUB utilities These last two are similar to the EXEC commands and files in APPLE DOS In addition to the above there are several utilities and routines that I think you will never use These are DUMP displays the contents of a file in hexa decimal form to the screen or printer or both ASM converts an 8080 assemply language into source code DDT Dynamic Debugging Tool used to test and debug machine language programs written with the ASM assembler SAVE in CP M is generally equivalent to BSAVE in APPLE DOS which needs the number of pages in programs won t use that Nor do I think that you will be using the esoteric at least esoteric in terms of today s state of the art devices such as a paper tape punch or a paper tape reader These are a hang over from the early days of CP M and
162. partment A sending copy as early as you can Deadline for P O Box 529 Bowie MD 20715 advertising copy is December 8 Thanks for your SA continued cooperat ion 12 December 1983 Washington Apple Pi TIDBITS EROM PAS LIS ALG by Berniz FLASH FLASH Benson FLASH NEWSIG ANNOUNCES UNPRECEDENTED WEEKLY MEETINGS Washington Apple Pi is growing at approximately 100 new members a month Only about 15 to 20 of these new members attend the regular NEWSIG meeting after the general monthly WAP meeting In an effort to reach more of these new members and others seeking general information about the Apple and the WAP NEWSIG has begun to meet weekly Beginning this month NEWSIG in coordination with the office staff has begun meeting every Thursday night at the office from 7 30 to 9 00 PM A NEWSIG representa tive will be available to answer questions and present information to anyone dropping by the office We will continue these meetings as long as there jis any interest from the members Please come by and take advantage of an informal informative evening Call it a weekly APPLE TEA if you like amp CEROS Le TEDS WANTED Apple II color monitor 48K or 64K 2 disk drives preferred 1 accepted No software or periph erals wanted Call 424 1266 evenings or weekends FOR SALE Heathkit H14 serial printer with cables and complete documentation Features include eight selectable baud rates 50 or 60 Hz operation s
163. phone when someone gets stuck and needs help between meetings Bob Chesley 560 0120 Sarah Lavilla 926 6355 Steve Sondag 281 5392 PIG the Thursday Paul Hoffman 831 7433 Boris Levine 229 5730 Pascal Interest Group meets on the third of each month at 7 30 PM at the Club Office SIGAMES is the special interest group of computer hobbyists interested in using their APPLEs for entertainment They meet immediately following the monthly meeting of Washington Apple Pi STOCKSIG meetings are on the second Thursday at 8 00 PM Starting in December they will be held at the WAP office Call Robert Wood 703 893 9591 the Telecomm SIG regular WAP meeting usually meets after 6 December 1983 ELECTION RESULTS The SIGs held elections in October and here are some of the results SIG Chairman Columnist Lib ASM SIG Ray Hobbs CESIG John Kapke Paul Manchak Lib Roy Rosfeld CP M Charles Franklin EOSIG Peter Combes Peter Combes LOGOSIG Nancy Strange Nancy Strange Program Chmn David Weaver Secretary Barbara Beam Procedure Libr Ron Murray Copy Libr JS MART POSITION WANTED I wish to begin moonlighting doing programming in BASIC COBOL and ADA I have a degree in engineering and experience in information retrieval Please send cores to PH 921 Welham Green Road Great Falls VA Do you need personal help on Apple programs or appli cations We ll help with almost anything including custom data
164. ple in the user manual displays a nightmarish case where it is almost impossible to distinguish text from footnote on a four footnote page Care must be taken to number footnotes properly because Screenwriter will not do this for you unlike a number of highly sophisticated processors now on the market This would be a significant problem if you have a lot of footnotes and you insert new ones in the middle of existing text In contrast to footnotes the index function is non disruptive and extremely easy to use Up to four levels of indexing or tables of contents may be specified and the indexed information may be literal as shown in the text or special non printing entries inserted where needed in the text The characters used to define each level of index are selected by the user In addition you may elect how you want them printed out page format alphabetized U L case letters This is one of the best index functions that I have encountered While it does not have the sophistica tion of StarIndex of MicroPro from the team that brought you WordStar it is much easier to use The virtual file technique employed by Sierra On Line worked well Once edit function memory is filled the text buffer space indicator at the bottom of the edit screen is displayed in reverse video This means that the program will begin swapping data in memory to disk Thus the data drive will occasionally be activated as a swapping occ
165. plemented They made the best of a dif ficult situation CONCLUSION more Screenwriter than any processor I have used should be given exhaustive testing by prospective buyers prior to purchase On the surface it is a marvelously capable program at an attractive price The lure of its flexibility however should not blind you to its deficiencies dBASE II BUSINESS APPLICATIONS SEMINAR Presented by MICRO SYSTEMS CONSULTING FINANCIAL DATA SYSTEMS INTRODUCTION to Relational Database Information Retrieval A Must for Managers INTERMEDIATE Programming amp Formatting For Data Processing Operators amp Programmers ADVANCED Business Programming For Experienced Programmers CALL 703 759 3461 XK Registered Trademark of Ashton Tate Washington Appte Pi Cumber s Corner contd from pg 36 are so overworked that they can t always keep up with developments or even think through what little they get time to read the stock market demands data NOW to make buyin and sellin decisions so any consult ant that wisely says let me check and get back with you starts growin cobwebs on his phone ringer This results in two kinds of consultants on Wall Street the supergenius and the bull shipper Only now we have so much data coming in that we have what may be called information glut meaning that even a good supergenius consultant can easily be overwhelmed and wind up having to shovel
166. points My son tells me that CP M means Conspiracy to Protect the Ministry meaning the ministry of programmers and others have stated that CP M was developed to make small computers as difficult to operate as large ones Either way I think that I agree with them even though the manual states that it stands for Control Program for Microprocessors I hope to make this a two or three part article for beginners on CP M like me or individuals consider ing whether or not to get CP M for their use So if you are already into CP M you are excused from read ing this article For the rest of you there will be a quiz at the end Let s start out with what CP M is not It is not an operating system I can hear the screams from the CP M devotees already The most widely accepted defini tion of an operating system is the one that IBM uses to wit A master control program inside the computer that parcels out all the resources of that particular computer and lies between the application programs or programs and the machine itself An operating system could manage various peripherals such as printers the CRT input console as well as manage files and disks etc and also control the use of compilers interpre ters and libraries of utilities and high level lan guages CP M does not do this What it is is a disk and file manager with the ability to access but not control various periph erals It works with certain 8 bit mi
167. ps prop spacing excellent print Prisa 80 200 cps buffer correspondence quality Prisa 132 wide carriage version of above IEC 8023 120 cps tractor sheet saae as Prowriter Gemini 10X 120 cps tractor single sheet graphics 315 15X wide carriage same features as Epson MX 425 Itoh F 10 Starwriter 40 cps daisywheel Quee coapat 1099 Transtar 140 40 cps daisywheel same as Itoh F 10 call 130 18 cps daisywheel BEST low cost unit 649 Silver Reed 500 14 cps daisywheel goodbye typewriter 439 NEC 7710 55 cps daisywheel built like a tank Diablo 620 25 cps daisywheel Qune Sprint 11 40 40 cps daisywheel INTERFACES amp BUFFERS Phaso printer interface parallel w superior graphics 135 Pipeline buffer 8K to 129K w aerge print amp auch eore 175 Grapplert printer interface parallel wi graphics 129 Buffered Grapplert up to 64K buffer plus graphics 179 CPS Multifunction serial parallel and clock 165 Wizard BPO 16K 32K buffered parallel w graphics 135 IPI graphics text duap page forsatting 49 CCS 7710A RS 232 serial for printers amp aodeas 115 VIDEO amp KEYBOARD Videx Ultratera 160 coluan by 48 row display Videotera 80 coluan w softswitch amp inverse Wespercorp Wizard 80 softswitch amp inverse built in ALS Seartero II 80 coluans at a bargain price MicroSci 80 col card w 64K RAM for JCe Keytraonic KB 200 low prof
168. pture Buffer Capture Buffer List Save Print or Transmit all or part of the Capture Buffer Disk Files Transmit List Print Edit or Delete Disk Files One Key Commands for output of frequently used commands to remote systems Supports auto dial hangup and answer with all popular modems Menu Driven for ease of use by the beginner Fast Menu Feature for the experienced user allows skipping of menu screens Technical Support We have a history of fully supporting you when you purchase our modem software Not Copy Proctected We trust you Orive 1 Capture ON Transmit ON Lines 2 Fill Line ON Duplex HALF Baud 1200 ZUEI OFF ELOGE OFF SOUTHEASTEAN SOFTWARE DATACAPTURE 0 Dear Bob lam using DATA CAPTURE e to prepare this letter before I sign onto the system and send it to your mailbox lalso use the program to capture my mail stock quotes and any other data from the system without worrying about any complicated file handling protocol And the best part is itis soeasy to use DATA CAPTURE e is available from your Local Dealer or direct from Southeastern Software the people who help you communicate with DATA CAPTURE e DATA CAPTURE 4 0 and DATA CAPTURE pc Price 90 00 E5 Requires Appie e Computer Standard 40 cotumn csplay DATA CAPTURE ss a trademark of Southeastem Software or Standard or Extended 80 Cotumn Text Card One or Appie 0 is a trademark
169. r The Journal of Washington Apple Pi December 1983 Volume 5 ores ig YO FL SULE mM MOWE MENT HRT 1 CAPPED AA CAPPED i m es iin rl Qi k K So TEA i tio JARS f i p Washington Apple BAB lE Ltd Number 12 m OR THE MN UML ITE In This Issue Officers amp Staff Event Queue Editorial WAP Hotline General Information Call A P P L E President s Corner David Morganstein SIGNews Job Mart a MIAUTES oe dawaa n TEA ees See Tidbits From NEWSIG n pa Classifteds ssa a EDSIG News oos Peter Combes I Am What I Am b John A Love III DisebledSIG News lt s 6 oe 0s aa Say Thal Tce ote wm Bruce F Field Bernie Benson oie o A O 4 DP 10 and the Visually Impaired Susan M Gowin Voice Technology for the Handicapped Jim Turri Program Previews Cara Cira Computers amp Handicapped A Bibliography Jay Thal Ser Code Keyboard amp Handicppd Wolfger Schneider Multi Handicapped Babies on Line with Apple se ew we we ew we Mke Behrmann and Liz Lahm Computer Importance to Disabled Roger Petersen A Minimum Movement Keyboard Tom Riley More on Serial Code Keyboard Boris Levine An IBM Compatible Apple Bill Jacobson Applesoft Tokens Richard Untied DIF The Visi Connector David Morganstein User Def Programmable Func Keys Charlie Brown Cumber s Corner ss vap eda
170. r Business Call for Other Items Not Listed amp Weekly Specials Low Prices Service Consumer Satisfaction All orders subject to product availability Merchandise cash prices listed credit cards 3 extra 3 FRIENDLY LOCATIONS TO SERVE YOU Store Hours 10 AM to 6 PM Monday thru Saturday DON T OVERPAY CALL THE DISCOUNTERS AT THE MICRO CONNECTION 320 A MAPLE AVENUE EAST 6192 FRANCONIA RD 8228 FENTON STREET VIENNA VA 22180 ALEXANDRIA VA 22310 SILVER SPRING MD 20910 281 1866 971 5800 ___ 495 5960 Washington Apple Pi December 1983 19 COMPUTERS AND CHILDREN A by Jay Thal This bibliography has been excerpted from one supplied to us by The Council for Exceptional Children CEC It includes a variety of references in the literature for the use of microcomputers in ameliorating handi capping conditions The CEC will be sponsoring a National Conference on Technology in Special Education on January 25 28 1984 in Reno Nevada This will be the CEC s second such conference the first was held last March in Hartford CT Copies of the Proceedings will be available soon from the CEC Dept 6509 1920 Associa tion Drive Reston VA 22091 1589 Additional clude publications available from the CEC in No 248 Microcomputers in Special Education Selection and Decision Making Process 1983 112pp 7 95 No 274 SpecialWare Directory 100pp 13 95 No 262 Microcomputers in 96pp 5 00 Special Educati
171. r Wyspianski Reads paddles and paddle buttons to help diagnose paddle problems 132 13 POKE 33 by Harry Jones An ampersand amp routine that does a POKE 33 33 to aid in editing Applesoft programs 132 14 48K RAM TEST by Philip Wasson Tests all 48K of RAM continosly for errors If an error is found the row and column of the defective chip jis reported It should be noted that this program will work on a e but the reports of defective chips will not agree with the placement of the chips on the motherboard 132 15 SECTOR LIST by John Matusher Will tell you where on disk a file is located and its file type 132 16 TEXT TO APPLE WRITER Transfers a TEXT type file into an Apple Writer I file 132 17 TRACK 35 by Harry Jones Patches DOS to allow program storage on track 35 which is normally not used by DOS 3 3 Adds 16 extra sectors to a disk Corps Fort Worth Apple User Group 307 3 QUADROOT by Jim Herman and Lee Meador Asks for the three coefficients of a quadratic equation and then prints out in formatted columns the two roots solutions to the equation It will find both real and complex roots 307 4 NEWTROOT Uses the Newton method by Sir Isaac himself to solve an equation You must add the equation to the program in the function F You must also add the derivative of the equation in the function D From the TI 990 Pascal manual pioneered 307 5 FILEBURP From the Octobe
172. r issue of Call A P P L E this program allows one to peruse the file structure of Apple Pascal by looking at any of the blocks of any file on the disk You can print on the printer or screen the contents in Hex or ASCII mixed with Hex 307 6 BIKEPLUS Jim Herman An implementation of the program from BYTE magazine that calculates infor mation on gear ratios for 10 speed bicycles But this program has a plus in that Jim Herman has added his own artistry to first draw some pictures and play music 307 7 FIGURES Jim Herman Uses screen and line erase features to allow the user a format similar to system programs for entering requests for information on the areas of triangles squares and circles 307 8 DICE Jim Herman As you watch the results of 10 throws of a pair of dice is shown on the screen Then a scaled bar graph is drawn showing the distribu tion of values so far Pushing any key will end 307 9 PRNTDATE by John Strait and Pat McGee The heart of this program is a PROCEDURE that looks up the date as stored on the system disk in device 4 and converts it to two different strings One is of the form DD MM YY the other 00 mon YY Easy to add to your own programs 307 10 QUICKSORT by Jill David Generates some random numbers and sorts them using HOARE s Quick Sorting method This program is extremely modular and should be easy to incorporate into your own applica tions that require sor
173. r preferable This confusion also exists in the user manual where one must decipher not only what is command from what is edit but also must distinguish one drive users from two drivers and Apple II users from those with Apple e s What results is a form of organized chaos Mayhap Screenwriter was designed as a hobby ist s delight rather than a versatile and easy to use workhorse the character delete conventions of Screen Writer are awkwardly designed A key facet of a good computerized processor is document editing The delete function is a critical element of the edit pro cess Screenwriter does not even utilize the DELETE key of the Apple e it serves no purpose whatever The only way to delete characters to the left of the cursor position is the key sequence ESCAPE CONTROL D and this sequence must be repeated for each character These sequences are atso used for other delete actions including word delete Escape CONTROL Q Secondly 40 December 1983 Third the cursor jumping capabilities of Screenwriter are for all of its mass of sophisticated commands quite limited Word jumping to the right is invoked by CONTROL Z and the key repeat feature can be used for successive word jumps Word jumps to the left however require ESCAPE CONTROL Z for each word This is extremely cumbersome The same requirements apply to many other cursor commands especially those entered in the command mode The block de
174. r the column To prove that there are some quality space games we have Stellar 7 Unfortunately Wavy Navy does not come close to that category Wavy Navy by Sirius Software is a dull below average imitation of Galaxians The game is set in the ocean with your ship sitting on top of a wave Life is not peaceful long for enemy planes and heli copters dive from the sky and bombard your tiny vessel The planes sometimes take suicide missions and crash into the waves in hopes of sinking your ship Level one consists of a normal attack run without any extra added complications After finishing the first level you receive a promotion and a very out of tune song The author of this game could not carry a tune if he had a swimming pool to hold it in the music is that bad Underwater mines are an added nuisance in level two Dip your ship too far below the waves and you ll find yourself sinking fast The third level features a plane that drops bombs across the sea in addition to your friends at the top of the screen Dodge their shots and you ll make it through this one Promotions as mentioned earlier are granted with each victory over your enemies The player starts as a boatswain then cook and so on up to Admiral You remain at this rank for several screens and then receive the ultimate title of President The game allows up to four players and has three levels of difficulty at which the players can start A joystick
175. ram disk and you are wiped out There is a way to cheat on this though I love to cheat on these little machines and do things that you are not supposed to do It is so satisfying If instead of typing the command above you add F to it it then formats first and memory that are to be saved to be specified in hexa then copies The command is decimal notation so the typical user of canned contd on pg 61 48 December 1983 Washington Apple Pi dl Tom DeMay I have While ings from a file FILEHANDLER 1 will always delete the last headings enter fixed version as FILEHANDLER 2 60001 REM A new WAP disk regret any inconvenience this may have caused FE ILEHANPDLER UFPATE by gJr been informed of an error in FILEHANDLER 1 using the M odify file option to delete head To fix this load FILEHANDLER 1 and the following lines Don t forget to save the 500 IF FF THEN PRINT NN REM 2 501 IF NOT FF THEN 509 REM 2 502 FOR K 1 TO C AH IF HC K N THEN 505 REM 2 503 PRINT CHR 34 H K REM 2 505 NEXT K GOTO 600 REM 2 509 IF CF THEN NN C GOTO 520 REM 2 560 FOR J 1 TO C AH REM 2 565 IF HC J N THEN 580 REM 2 4042 FOR K 1 TO C HOME VTAB 5 IF HC K N THEN NEXT K REM 2 4043 PRINT ENTER NEW DATE FOR HEADING K VTAB 9 PRINT OR PRESS RETURN TO KEEP THIS HEADING AS H K REM 2 VERSION 2 OCT 83 copy of FILEHANDLER 2 has been donated to the library
176. rds w Cable also with Graphics Dump Complete 300 Baud Modem SE Sy RD SP AS A TS 363 1313 a m amp eves 6327 Western Ave NW Washington DC 20015 December 1983 21 THE SERIAL CODE THE ey Ainge doy Wo LF ae zhon Data and command entry to computing machinery via a typical keyboard is a relatively easy task for those of us having no physical handicaps But consider the plight of the upper limb amputee trying to type shift or control keys using the traditional mouthstick Or how about a quadriplegic just trying to move any key with remnant head motion or vestigial finger or toe motion Many of these individuals are presently denied access to computing machinery because of the lack of a suitable data entry technique The Serial Code Keyboard is a low cost and relatively easy method of data entry It requires only the capability to move a spring centered three position switch to either extreme position These two extreme positions are sensed as simple switch closures and stimulate the generation of two easily distinguishable tone sequences Modulation of these tone sequences by appropriate movement of the switch can be used to generate an easily learned pseudo Morse Code These serial tone encoded sequences can then be translated to corresponding ASCII codes to duplicate the function of the standard keyboard Assuming the availability of an appropriate three position switch the Serial Code Keyboard functions can be imp
177. rk 2108 Yi 468 1001 Phone RI 11621 Nebel Street Extended Rockville Maryland 20852 POTOMAC Type PC at Home Belt Way A gt D D To DC CHEVY CHASE Washington Apple Pi December 1983 37 Alri by Since Apple DOS resides in memory instead of ROM as it does in some machines it is possible to make changes to the DOS program itself This makes DOS very flexi ble since many progammers can improve DOS making it faster easier to use or adaptable to a particular situation In this column I will discuss some small but helpful improvements that make DOS easier or harder to use TRACKS One of the most useful or useless changes that can be made to DOS is removing the CATALOG command One way to do this is to change the actual CATALOG command in the command lookup table but it is very easy for most programmers to recognize and defeat this method Another way to defeat CATALOG is to modify the CATALOG function handler in DOS to simply not work The easiest way to do this is to change the contents of memory location A56E from A9 to 60 RTS If you want to see the directory just change A56E back to A9 do a CATALOG and change it back to 60 Have you ever wished the CATALOG wouldn t stop after 18 files to wait for a keypress Changing that is easy just change bytes AE34 AE35 into EA s NOP In BASIC Poke 234 into locations 44596 44598 On the other hand sometimes during
178. rofessional for 005 3 3 Z tere Professional far CP M P tera Professional for Pascal Data Capture 4 0 LANGUAGES Softech UCSD p Systea Digital Research Pascal HT Microsoft Fortran 80 BOS C coapiler Microrsotion FORTH 79 Terrapin Logo amp ENDS Kensington Systea Saver Fan w surge protector TG Joystick Kraft Joystick Trace SoundTrap acoustic enclosure for printers Wildcard hardware antidote for copy protection 99 KoalaPad Graphics Tablet with graphics software 95 Verbatia Maxell Oysan TOK Wabash dists from 20 Cosputer furniture tables printer stands etc call Call for prices of iteas not listed We can supply HUNDREDS of other accessories pragraas and cosputer systeas aost WITHIN 24 HOURS PLEASE COMPARE OUR PRICES If you find a lower price give us a chance to beat it Feel free to call for answers to technical questions 434 0405 oo ene Call JEFF OILLON at 301 TO ORDER or Mail cashiers certified check or 4 0 to OPERANT SYSTEMS 7676 New Haspshire Ave Suite 312 Langley Park Md 20783 Md residents add 5 tax UPS shipping is available All items carry full sanufacturer s warranties and are fully tested by us prior to delivery 55 ing of text and graphics in an educational format The SOLAR TUTOR uses the technique of chaining one Basic program into the next thus insuring that the graphic memory area is not overrun by the program The user
179. ry and ability to function with the system the number of options can easily be expanded Self Help Recent appearance of relatively low cost environmental control and manipulation devices allow teaching in other domains Self help is an area that the technol ogy can offer innovative alternatives to handicapped children and their families Beyond the ability to communicate as a self help skill children can be input in a controlled process combined with the com given the means to operate age appropriate electrical puter s ability to collect and analyze large amounts devices such as toys radios TVs and record players of data may provide researchers and teachers with the through environmental control devices These devices ability to investigate the learning capabilities of can also enable the individual to control devices very young children and severely disabled children to outside their immediate environment For a young a much greater extent The two most common areas of child this might incorporate turning on a flashing application are cognitive development and communica light in the kitchen to alert parents that s he needs tion They are not surprisingly the two areas that attention Older individuals can open doors with have received the most attention for older handicapped electric admittance devices and use electronic bulle individuals Just as important though are the areas bulletin boards to communicate outside their home of sel
180. ry third digit I have not yet been able to force myself to adopt this innovation but alt avant garde numerologists may change line 35 QUALITY DISKWARE FOR APPLE II AND OTHER COMPATIBLE COMPUTERS 4 i y A A ae tro SPORTS POOL POOL SOFTWARE DIVISION seok oka i 6502 Teiepnone 901 834 0058 SPORTS POOL computerizes the neighborhood or office Sports Pool All the record keeping and form generation is done by the computer in cluding calculation of per centages Put the fun back in wagering on your favorites with SPORTS POOL PROFIT MOTIVE A Big Business Jokoak kkk IMulation PROFIT MOTIVE makes Mon noply seem like easy street Its a realistic bia business simulation in which you pro duce and market several P products One to ten players Suggested Retail Price may compete in two levels o ay un mind teasing 95 seme oy fier 392 10 Piayrra ie Saas 7 i GET Tarara RUSE ARG Jarh onang MANE 4 Contact your local dealer Dealer inquiries invited Copynght 1982 Hy Tek Ltd All Rights Reserved Washington Apple Pi December 1983 45 POS dk ric IOTA P A bot Lae ou Tis Ed Note This confirms my opinion that mental telepathy exists Both Walt Mills and Lee have inde pendently written and submitted CP M articles for this issue There are many similarities We are publish ing both articles because they complement each other and present two different view
181. s Next is the tokenized line D2 EB90 SGN E4 3C5 STR contents followed by a zero byte to signal the end of D3 EC23 INT E5 E707 VAL line D4 EBAF ABS E6 E6E5 ASC D05 000A USR E7 E646 CHR The table below was produced directly from the Apple D6 E2DE FRE E8 E65A LEFT soft ROM contents It lists each Applesoft token D7 DEF9 SCRN E9 686 RIGHT with the token processing entry point address and the D8 OFCD PDL EA 691 MID corresponding keyword Tokens C0 through D1 are used only in conjunction with other keywords and so SSSs4 AATseseesers ssc s have no jump table entry Error messages follow the EB NEXT WITHOUT FOR keyword list in ROM While tokens EB through FC are EC SYNTAX not valid if present in an Applesoft program they ED RETURN WITHOUT GOSUB would LIST as the corresponding error message The EE OUT OF DATA address jump table can be found starting at 0000 and EF ILLEGAL QUANTITY the keywords at 0000 This table may be of use as a FO OVERFLOW reference for the 6502 machine language programmer who Fl OUT OF MEMORY wishes to understand or modify Applesoft internals F2 UNDEF D STATEMENT F3 BAD SUBSCRIPT TOKEN ADOR KEYWORD TOKEN ADDR KEYWORD F4 REDIM D ARRAY Sern SRPA Season cores ceso ceeerce F5 DIVISION BY ZERO F6 ILLEGAL DIRECT 80 0870 END A4 F2A6 LOMEM F7 TYPE MISMATCH 81 D766 FOR A5 F2CB ONERR F8 STRING TOO LONG 82 DCF9 NEXT A6 F318 RESUME F9 FORMULA TOO COMPLEX 83 0995 DATA A7 F3BC RECALL FA CAN T CONTINUE
182. s for disabled people is well within the capabilities of at least some of the members of WAP Let me enumerate a few miscellaneous examples of problems which I have identified Much commercial and public domain software is not compatible with the ECHO II speech synthesizer Either the program jis cursor oriented instead of giving explicit prompts or it competes with the synthesizer for space in memory or there is some other fairly trivial problem Other software is incompatible with other speech and braille devices which operate through serial interface cards because the programs are not designed to allow output to be sent to a slot There is a great deal of adaptive hardware and soft ware which has been documented but is not available or its available for some other computer system I m sure that many of these hardware and software modi fications could be done on an individual basis by members of WAP We even need help just finding out what s out there N The other SIGs can help in that regard For example I bet the Home Control SIG has information on envi ronmental controls which severely disabled people could use to great advantage By now I hope you are asking What can I do to help The answer is to join SIG Disabled and lend your particular genius to the cause Whether you are a home controller a telecommer a logophile or even a game freak after all disabled people like games too we need you SALE SALE S
183. shares when it was down to 18 but this reporter has that classical Yuck of being caught in a storm of chicken broth while holding a fork By the way your Apple will tell you that 54 8 million shares at 18 per share still means Apple Computer has assets of 986 400 000 At 21 per share that amounts to 1 150 800 000 in assets So you can boast that Apple Computer Inc is a billion dollar corporation At this point I went to see the old codger a wise old bird that seems to know something about almost everything and asked him to explain why all this had happened His answer was interesting food for thought The stock market is probably one of the biggest legal gambling casinos in existence only they don t call it that so as to avoid the controls usually placed on gaming parlors With the present size of the market as judged by total outstanding shares and eliminating duplicate ownership there s just too danged many folks playing the market Most of these about screaming the sky is falling the cool heads yahoos know no more about the stocks they re foolin of the Over The Counter OTC market started advising with than a pig knows about court martials As a that folks sell their Apple shares Merill Lynch was result they listen to a bunch of analysts most of one of the more restrained they reduced their rating whom have to depend on some other consultant in the of Apple in the short term but ma
184. st of getting into CP M can be as little as 100 for the Z 80 or to get it bundled with WordStar for about 375 Also one of the more powerful data bases dBase II requires the CP M environment on the Apple For me there is an even more compelling reason As you know if you have read any of my articles in the past I insist on being able to provide back up or use copies of a program I and I believe you am particularly vunerable if I lose a program disk that I need And simply having one back up is not enough If something goes wrong with the Apple and it inad vertently wipes a disk I would not know the trouble and would of course have to use my back up disk It would then be wiped out also and now I can wait for as long as 3 or 4 weeks to get a replacement Also I use my Appte at two different locations one at work and one at home These are about 25 miles apart If I blow a disk I must order a replacement and then carry my one copy back and forth Sometimes I don t go into the office as early as the staff that may need to use it and time is wasted The interesting thing about CP M is that CP M programs are not copy protected How it is that an Apple owner with a Z 80 card is seen as more trustworthy than an Apple owner without one escapes me but that seems to be the case And with copy protection schemes getting more difficult all the time I need to switch as many of my applications as possible to those programs on w
185. such as reading ordinary print understanding spoken language or writing in the normal way Of course in addition to the above input and output functions some disabilities involve impairments in processing func tions such as memory sequencing of tasks or calcula tion In cases where these functions are moderately impaired augmentative devices may suffice e g enlarged keyboards or bigger letters on the screen In cases of more severe disability alternative de vices must be used which make use of totally differ ent sensory or motor channels Upon reflection I feel sure that it will be as clear to you as it is to me that the characteristics of the computer discussed above make it the ideal instrument for the optimiza tion of the quality of life for disabled people The purpose of this article is not to catalog the spe cial hardware and software available for disabled people Suffice it to say that keyboard emulators have been developed using joysticks light pens and 26 December 1983 Petersen UF COMPUTERS TO AN various scanning systems controlled by switches among others Screen emulators include refreshable braille displays and speech synthesizers My purpose is rath er to create interest in disability related problens among the members of the club so that their cumula tive programming knowledge can be brought to bear on these problems Most of the modification of hardware and software required to adapt computer
186. t The following non regular tutorials are being offered also at the office Full details will be in next month s Journal Wednesday January 11 and January 18 SOLDERING AND ELECTRONIC REPAIR Tom Riley Don t bring your Apple Fee 20 for both members 25 for both non members Saturday February 11 VISICALC AND VISIPLOT Lee Raesly Fee 10 with Apple member 15 with Apple non member 15 without Apple member 20 without Apple non member Saturday April 14 CP M Bob Fretwell Fee 10 with Apple member 15 with Apple non member 15 without Apple member 20 without Apple non member The following tutorials are planned but no exact date yet Advanced Applesoft Richard Untied March dBase II Lee Raesty May Pascal Pascal Sig June Please check the desired tutorials and return this form with the proper fee s payable to Washington Apple Pi Ltd to Washington Apple Pi Ltd Attn Tutorials 8227 Woodmont Avenue Suite 201 Bethesda MD 20814 Name Daytime Phone Evening Phone Total Enclosed O a a a SS INDEX TO ADVERTISERS Anderson Jacobson Back Cover Micro Power Ltd 1 1 ee ww ee oe oe 43 Aries Internation eee a ee 5 Micro Star Co aicbecy la tee La boo ae Tae E AUR sING cote seed cel ces Cec etn we car gt eS ee Micro Venture Sie wh E eS for eA Be oe 5OD CC amp Associates 2 1 ww ew ew we ew we OL MinuteWare oca 1 we ew eee ee
187. te demands it you do it The program is slow to download Helen gives the kids a commercial game to play during downloading The screen displays are obviously the result of a great deal of work a wide variety of hi res fonts is used and detailed help routines are used for students who are having difficulties The program will also print out worksheets if needed Children can ask for practice problems The program has professional record keeping abilities it will put the children at their grade level it will make statistics of what they are doing and pro duce graphs The Math Machine is a far more economical program at around 50 for two disks Calculations are worked through in lo res and carry ing is not displayed The reward for correct answers is a one minute game and children seem to enjoy this This program too runs student score lists and can produce a printout of where children are going wrong Janet Schreiber from Bethesda Computers showed some attractively packaged programs Washington Apple Pi The Fraction Factory by Counterpoint Software uses hi res To res and upper and lower case text to explain equivalent fractions for 4th and Sth grade It has some attractive visuals that seem to help in get ting across the basic concepts Piece of Cake again by Counterpoint Software is for much smaller children and has been used for pre schoolers Again there is clever visual leading through the basic
188. tements The version of ScreenWriter that I used also is the latest release It permits an 80 column edit screen and presumably has a number of other refinements Almost any Apple can be configured to use it but only the e can utilize its 80 column feature I will not Washington Apple Pi SW COCUIME S52 attempt to compare the new with the old outside of the above comments That information is not germane to the theme of my article As you may divine from this list ScreenWriter is a very versatile program It is capable of almost any thing that sophisticated users could demand of a word processor But capability to do many things and the facility with which processor functions are accomp lished may differ remarkably As you shall see this comment is particularly relevant with Screenwriter I used ScreenWriter to write the bulk of this article My normal processors are WordStar Palantir and Word Juggler The equipment I used includes an Apple e 128K two standard floppy disk drives an Apple Parallel Interface Card and an IDS MicroPrism 480 printer THE SCREENWRITER MODUS OPERANDI Once booted the main menu appears You may opt for the editing printing or customization modes If you select edit you will be asked to enter the name of the output file to which your document will be saved and then the name of an existing input file if any The catalog of the text files on a disk can be displayed by en
189. tering C at either of these prompts The file names are listed along with a number for each document on the logged disk drive Document number may be entered in lieu of typing out the full file name if the file already exists You are then transported to the edit screen and may begin document creation or editing From the moment of initial booting to the current juncture the screen is 40 columns wide even if you have an 80 column card in your e If you wish to use the full screen capa bilities of your e enter the command 80c and the screen will instantly be transformed You also may elect to show only 65 columns or any other number which may approximate the line width of your printer output To do this substitute the revised number in the above command e g 65c The 80 column screen is not available for previewing or printing to screen a fully formatted version of your document when you are in the edit command mode or these functions the screen reverts to a 40 column ormat It is strange that Sierra On Line did not automate the 80 column feature so that separate commands e g 80c do not have to be entered each time the editor is used If you have a e with the proper card chances are you will want to use the 80 column format each time you boot the program In addition a default setting should have been provided to set the screen to the desired width 80 columns for 12 pitch and 65 columns for 10 pitch Desp
190. the Apple II and e computers may soon have MS DOS compati bility The MS DOS operating system marketed by Microsoft Corpration is considered to be the industry standard for 16 bit computers Paul Freiberger of Infoworld stated that Rana Sys tems with the full Dressing of Apple Computer Inc will release an interface card disk drive combination with the following characteristics 256K of RAM upgradeable to 512K two double sided double density drives 326K each that read both Apple and IBM PC formatted disks an 8086 processor which is significantly faster than the 8088 used on the IBM PC the ability to use many if not most programs written for the IBM PC The Voice Activated Home Control System For the Apple II Waldo has as standard features e voice recognition Note Waldo s speaking voice is optional e real time clock calendar with battery backup for continuous operation e BSR X 1IO home control interface with master and remote control modules e stereo music and vast and varied sound effect capabilities e a disc with a full library of application programs incuding the HOUSEMASTER voice time control program depicted above a complete operating manual ian COMPAT IBLE total compatibility with all Apple software A telephone conversation with Susan Wolf of Rana con firmed most of the information contained in the Info world article Ms Wolf stated that deliveries of the MS DOS unit known
191. the Information Age lecture Getting Started with the Personal Computer Programming in the BASIC language VISICALC dBasell WordStar Computer Fundamentals for Students 1 I IH All classes except where noted offer ample hands on practice on Apple Ile s Call 556 9659 for a schedule or write to us at 1350 Beverly Rd Suite 220 McLean VA 22101 Washington Apple Pi December 1983 31 Description NEW GAMES x Tunnel Terror il y4 Serpentine Choplitter Pig Pen 29 95 21 95 y Death Race 82 29 95 21 95 Deadly Secrets 34 95 26 95 y4 Hardhat Noah 29 95 21 95 Sea Fox 29 95 21 95 A Cross Country Rallye 29 95 21 95 y Space Cadet 34 95 26 95 Crazy Mazey 20 95 21 95 x Mars Cars 29 95 21 95 Freefall 29 95 21 95 il Ming s Challenge 34 95 26 95 4 Ultima Il 59 95 44 95 M New Gobel i Nl CALL Phaser Fire 29 95 21 95 4 High Orbit 29 95 21 95 New SS Cytron Master 39 95 29 95 i Galactic Gladiators 39 95 29 95 Guadalcanal Campaign 59 95 49 95 x OUR FULL TIME STAFF pia caueuics Borg 20 95 21 95 y Cannonball Blitz 34 95 26 95 Deadline 49 95 39 95 at Marauder 34 95 26 95 PS Russki Duck 34 95 26 95 Snack Attack 29 95 21 95 Threshold 39 95 29 95 x 202 364 0273 UTILITIES x Southwester Data Munch a Bug 49 95 39 95 y The Routine Machine 64 95 49 95 Doubletime printer 149 95 119 95 y On Line Systems at tetas The Artist 7
192. the file to the printer Maximum The balance of the files are from the Dallas Apple line length is 80 characters d 58 December 1983 Washington Apple Pi OI SWE ROOT Ties Re Wisc ep BU Ce Wort oe GO The underwhelming response to my article on Printer GOSUB Routines has given me so little concern that I wish to add a bit to the program presented there see October 1983 page 41 By way of background in his Q amp A column in the June 1983 issue Bruce Field admitted his perfectly excus able ignorance on how to print subscripts and super scripts with the Prowriter Instantly well in about six weeks I wrote him the solution but it seems that Steve Wildstrom was just a trifle faster by about five weeks and six days His article in the August issue page 34 covers the problem admirably Unfor tunately he concentrated on solutions using assembler code and word processing programs In that same issue Bruce suggested a very cumbersome Applesoft code to handle the problem Perhaps a less cumbersome approach is to use the infamous Printer GOSUB Routine referenced above Quite simply it runs this way To enter subscript mode XX PRINT CHR 27 CHR 91 CHR 27 T08 CHR 10 RETURN To exit subscript mode XX PRINT CHR 27 CHR 114 CHR 10 CHR 27 A CHR 27 CHR 102 CHR 27 CHR 93 RETURN To enter superscript mode XX PRINT CHR 27 CHR 91 CHR 27 CHR 114 CHR 27 T
193. ting Can also be used to compare sorting speed with the SHLSORT program 307 11 SETOEMO by Jill David A quick demonstra tion of some of the things you can do using Pascal SETs 307 12 SHLSORT by Jill David Generates random numbers and sorts them using the Shell Sort method 307 13 VARXREF TEXT Jill David Produces a N N KN 132 18 UN NEW Recovers from accidental NEW or FP cross reference listing of variables used in a Pascal commands source program Uses file RESERVED DISK PIG7 PASCAL 307 14 WRITERESR TEXT Writes a data file for Reviewed by Bob Platt VARXREF 307 1 LISP Dave Nuemann has provided the essence 307 15 HELLO TEXT Prints textfiles with upper amp of aLISP interpreter As he points out it needs to lower case be extended Read LISPDOC TEXT for documentation 307 16 RACETEST TEXT Allows you to time input 307 2 NEWCLOCK TEXT by Dave Nuemann The clock output speed of Pascal files routines are for the CCS 7224 clock calendar card They allow the CCS card to function essentially the 307 17 PRECISION TEXT same as a Mountain Hardware card Two extra routines are provided for setting the clock and calendar 307 18 DISKOUMP TEXT A mystery file that I could SETTIME TEXT and to allow automatic setting of the not get to list date when booting NEWSTARTUP TEXT See file CLOCKDOC TEXT for details 307 19 BUFI2 TEXT Enter a text file one line at a time and then send
194. tings are held in the Auditorium Build ing B of the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences on the campus of the National Naval Medical Center 4301 Jones Bridge Road Bethesda MD Meeting Report Tuesday November l at 7 30 p m What s Good in Educational Software organized by David Wyatt and chaired by Jerry McSpadden David was called away at short notice but at even shorter notice Jerry chaired a lively meeting that looked at various examples of interactive software Jerry opened with a quick demonstration of Koala Pad a useful tool for getting hi res graphics drawn on the screen quickly and with some impressive graphics utilities SRA Math Program Helen Tognetti demonstrated part of this formidably large program which runs thru grades 1 amp 2 3 amp 4 5 amp 6 and 788 each pair of grades costing 575 She uses it in the Newmarket Middle School in Frederick MD and reports that it is very effective For kids making mistakes because they make digits carelessly it is a godsend One girl she reported originally did not know which number to carry but after using the program was able confidently to multiply together two three digit numbers This provoked a lively dis cussion among members present as to whether it was an appropriate use of high technology to teach the mechanical skills that the same technology was making obsolete The professional teachers had a pragmatic attitude If the sta
195. tts amp Trowbridge day 202 822 1093 Washington Apple Pi Ltd 8227 Woodmont Avenue Suite 201 Bethesda MD 20814 Office 301 654 8060 ABBS 301 657 4507 Copyright Washington Apple Pi Ltd 1983 EVENT Queue Washington Apple Pi meets on the 4th Saturday usual ly of each month at the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences USUHS Building B 4301 Jones Bridge Road Bethesda MD on the campus of the National Naval Medical Center Library transactions journal pickup memberships etc are from 8 45 10 00 AM From 9 00 to 10 00 AM there is an informal Help session in the auditorium The main meeting starts promptly at 10 00 at which time all sales and services close so that volunteers can attend the meet ing A sign interpreter and reserved seating are provided for the hearing impaired Following are dates and topics for upcoming months December 17 3rd Sat January 28 Garage Sale WOZ and the Mc The January meeting will probably be held at the Departmental Auditorium which is in DC between 12th and 13th Streets on Constitution Avenue NW More on this later The Executive Board of Washington Apple Pi meets on the second Wednesday of each month at 7 30 PM at the office All members are welcome to attend Call the office for any changes amp Washington Apple Pi December 1983 Membership Dana Schwartz Program Cara Cira Publicity Chairman Hunter Alexander Rules amp
196. u get all possible punctuation that might be seen in programming These include return linefeeds space delete and so on I have saved the best feature for last That is the screen review setting that allows you to review up to 24 Vines of previous text without moving the location of your actual cursor In this mode you can even get it to spell individual words This feature is a real help especially if you can not see the screen The software for the Echo likes to sit in a RAM card in high memory For this reason programs containing hi res graphics will not run Unfortunately copy protected programs wil not run either A few ambitious blind programmers have been writing and marketing software that is not only compatible with the Echo but have other features useful to blind computerdsts These are good solid aplication pro grams usable at work and at home The two leading people currently writing software are Mr Bill Grim Computer Aids Inc P 0 Box 5502 Fort Wayne IN 46895 His philosophy is to write programs that are effective yet easy to Jearn and use I am using his word processor program to write this article He also has a data base program available called Info This program is modeled after the Apple Personal File Sys tem It gives 20 user definable fields and allows multi criteria searches in a single pass This pro gram also can be used to merge information into form 18 December 1983 FOR THE letters conjunct
197. uit ts that the relays appear to operate back number between 0 and 0 999999999 The value is wards That is setting the output low will turn multiplied by 8 and truncated to an integer so the the relay on and setting it high will turn the result is an integer number from 0 to 7 One is relay off When you first turn things on you will added to this and assigned to the variable MILK probably want to turn the Apple on first set the So MILK may have a value of from 1 to 8 As we outputs to whatever they should be and then ener go through the FOR NEXT loop starting in line 270 gize the circuits that are being controlled by the WINE starts as l a random number for MILK is relays chosen and the MILKth value in the array is ex changed with the WINEth value This process con tinues for WINE equal to 2 through 8 We are randomly rearranging values in the array The last three lines print the final results in the array GLASS contd 8 December 1983 Washington Apple Pi There s only one place to buy apples AT FREDERICK COMPUTER PRODUCTS As an Authorized Apple Dealer we offer a full selection of both Apple Hardware and Software at low low prices Also as an Authorized Service Center we provide fast and efficient service on all Apple products FREDERICK COMPUTER PRODUCTS INC Microcomputer Systems And Peripherals 5726 INDUSTRY LANE FREDERICK MD 301 694 8884 I appie computer e Authorized Dealer Washington Apple Pi
198. uld recoeaend it wholeheartedly as excellent value AJR CAL Magazine 2 83 would reccesend punching three holes in the book and placing that in the DB Master binder AS Available at Coea Center amp other coaputer book stores Send check to MinuteWare PO Box 2392 Coluebia ND 21045 Add 1 00 shipping 301 995 1165 Call send for Info CONSULTING amp TEACHING DATA BASE WORD PROCESSING BUSINESS PROGRAMS ACCOUNTING PROGRAMS BUSINESS SYSTEMS e OPERATION PROCEDURES WRITTEN e PERSONAL TUTORING CLASSES TAUGHT FOR YOU OFFICE CENTERED TRAINING Staff Hand Holding a Specialty Leon H Rasely L C S W LRO 460 0754 Washington Apple Pi December 1983 59 ee fe bu Robert L Could my Apple go the distance I decided to find out by using SUPER FILE CABINET to compile the results for the National Capital 36 Mile Run Here is a step by step case study in using this data base program THE CHALLENGE The race is an ultramarathon sponsored by the Nike Shoes who pays the winner s way to Scotland for you guessed it another 36 mile race With so much at stake the race results must be accurate In addition to finish times split times for each runner are recorded at various intermediate distances The time data is supplied on sheets from each mile checkpoint showing each runner s number and time The goal is to produce reports showing all times for each runner including separate reports for wome
199. ur previous key 9E F277 INVERSE Cl To board press will still be present when you don t want 9F F280 FLASH C3 SPC it to be AO F24F COLOR C4 THEN Al 0968 POP C5 AT At the very very end is the JuMP to COUTI as dis A2 F256 VTAB c6 NOT cussed eariler A3 F286 HIMEN C7 STEP Speaking of end 0 amp 30 December 1983 Washington Apple Pi Die THE bu Dawida At our October meeting several members asked how to Visi Plot something you had Visi Calculated They knew it could be done but wanted some help in figuring out the method The answer lies in the universal file format labelled the DIF Data Interchange For mat developed by Software Arts Inc To fully understand this sequential file format get Software Arts Technical Note SATN 18 Programmer s Guide to the Data Interchange Format The DIF is a standard format In this incompatabi1 ity ridden world of microcomputer hardware and soft ware it is a breath of fresh air It allows program developers to talk to each other through files of the same format Many commercial programs now offer a read write OIF option to allow you to exchange data from their program with others a useful option Qn to the specific issue The solution has two steps First write a DIF file of the rows or columns in VisiCalc which you want to plot Second read the DIF file with VisiPlot For a step by step read on From VisiCalc go to the upper left hand corner of the r
200. urope and will soon be available in the United States 127 10 SOLAR SYSTEM SOLAR SYSTEM SIMULATION 2 SOLAR SYSTEM SIMULATION MOD and SSS INFORMATION The solar system is simulated first as seen from above and then as the planets are seen moving against background stars Many excellent lessons in astromomy result as well as striking examples of how powerful a calculat ing machine the Apple is These programs will be of interest not only to amateur astronomers but to anyone who loves the night sky The author s name magazine references and additional information is included DISK 132 IAC 19 UTILITIES F Reviewed by Richard Langston ITI This disk contains several utilities that may be of use to some Apple owners In addition to the informa tion here most of the major utilities on this disk have a file for instructions For more info on using each of the programs run these files Many also include source code listings 132 1 ADDRESS INDEX A listing of valuable locations and monitor routines memory 132 2 BIRTH ANNIVERSARY LIST A modified version of the PHONE LIST program Use it to keep track of almost any dates to remember 132 3 CONVERT APPLE WRITER Converts Apple Writer I files to normal DOS TEXT files 132 4 CRAE APA Is a utility that allows you to use the Co resident Applesoft Editor from Highlands Com puter and Applesoft Programmers Assistant from the DOS Tool Kit at the save time DISK SECT
201. urs Files may be as large as the disk in use permits This feature is used on contd Washington Apple Pi WordStar and most CP M based processors as a way of overcoming memory limitations I had no problems with this feature but I have been told by long time users of ScreenWriter that care must be taken to ensure that disk space is at least equal to twice the estimated size of the document being edited in order to accommodate the final file and the temporary swap file In addition one must not inadvertently switch disks during this operation as it will cause the temporary file to be split between the original and replacement disks DOCUMENTATION You are supplied with a nicely tabbed and indexed user manual contained in a padded loose leaf binder and two sets of reference cards one set each for the Apple e and all other Apple computers There are two cards in each set one for the MINI WRITER and a general REFERENCE CARD The MINI WRITER is intended as a teaching guide and a section of the user manual is set aside for this purpose While Herculean efforts were made through a variety of techniques to simplify the learning process all was in vain The problems mentioned previously are simply too overwhelming It is nearly impossible to accomo date in a single document command edit level compli cations and differing combinations of computer types and numbers of drives Whoever wrote the manual should be com
202. useeee 19 00 COMPUTER DEN Ltd 11714 KEMP MILL ROAD SILVER SPRING MARYLAND 20902 301 449 6868 Sammy Lightfoot Call for an appointment or to order Sunday Thursday 10 A M 9 P M December 1983 49 FAGE FRON Robert C gt oy THE ATN Make a new year s resolution share with your friends Note that the 1 LOAD command will modify the copy of by combing through your programs and donating a disk the Forth system in memory so that 140 screens can be to the WAP library Remember you get a free library read from the disk instead of the usual 100 As a disk for every disk which you donate I will be at result do not access Drive 2 or save the modified the library sales desk before the monthly meeting to system discuss your contributions and answer your questions DISKS 406 08 ZCPR VERSION 2 Two related articles are in this issue of the Journal First our series documenting older disks continues ZCPR Version 2 0 replaces the Console Command Proces Also I offer a case study in using SUPER FILE CABINET sor in CP M ZCPR offers several advantages over the from the New Member Disk unmodified CCP including 1 the TYPE command will automatically pause at the end of a screen and 2 ALF MUSIC FILES you can establish a search path accross several drives for the system to execute your COM files See Walt Bernie Benson has offered to compile a disk of song Mills review in the March 1983 WAP Journal files for playing on the ALF
203. uters extend and amplify our abilities and that is what that meeting will was for those of you who missed it and are reading this anticipatory note be all about Within this December issue of the Journal there are several articles describing solutions for handicapping problems as there will be in future issues Some of them were demonstrated at the main meeting But solutions must be customized for those whose physical or mental capabilities fall 2 or 3 sigmas of the statistical norm a There are presently devices that can unleash the power of a computer through the wrinkling of an eyebrow a puff of breath a slight movement of the finger or of the head The technologies exist today But they need to be made more transparent The blind can read via computer or be read to The deaf can communicate at the speed of light or at least 300 1200 baud The isolated can become less so and productive The slow can learn from patient and non threatening micro tutors The CPU as the name suggests processes data Inputs need not be keyboards or a mouse Out puts need not be monitors or printers And the intent of this article and others on devices or tech niques is not just to demonstrate what is but to enlist you the reader in what can be The DISABLEOSIG is making an appeal beyond that of the Marines The DISABLEOSIG is looking for many not just a few good women and men to help us We would very much like to be able to
204. ve to the RECALL or printing mode You will then be asked if the document in memory has been saved If you answer yes the RECALL mode will be loaded In this mode you may print one or a succession of files Here also the document may be previewed on screen prior to hard copy product ion In addition you may review current printer defaults and modify these for the entire edit ing session The number and type of default modifica tions possible for ScreenWriter is the most extensive that I have encountered The edit mode may be re entered by repeating the out put input information mentioned above EASE OF USE There is very little that you cannot do with Screen Writer Most users will have only occasional need for many of these features Rather they have routine chores that must be accomplished with a minimum of fuss and feathers Thus my review will not be predi cated upon the capacity of ScreenWriter to do remark able things which it can but how well one is able to accomplish normal word processing In this regard ScreenWriter gets mixed grades First of all the command structure of ScreenWriter is hard to master The Command Text Edit mode dichotomy further exacerbates this problem There is a compre hensive help menu for the program but some of these screens are crammed with information attempting to explain the command edit distinction This makes them almost impossible to read A single mode of operation would have been fa
205. version of the popular board game 107 5 COLLISION by Mark Pelczarski An Applesoft version of the arcade game Head On Eat all the dots on the board without colliding with the computer s car Use your paddle to change lanes 107 6 CONNECT A DOT by Duane Barts Complete more squares than your opponent to win the game A color monitor is needed to tell blue squares from violet 107 7 CRAPS Place your bets and watch the hi res dice roll 107 8 DARTS Press the paddle button at the right moment and get a bull s eye hesitate a moment and miss the board An interesting lo res graphic game 107 9 FOSSBALL Is a two player game Hit the ball past your opponent s times to win Integer paddle paddle 15 107 10 FOOTBALL by Massimo and Boczenowski Is a text simulation of NFL football Play computer against computer one player against the computer or two players against each other also of interest to airplane pilots deep water sailors and all long distance travelers 107 11 HIRES BLACKJACK by Donald Kahler excel lent hi res graphics make this blackjack game very For an example enter Washington D C witha tati special tude of 38 54 and longitude of 77 01 Then try the different menu entries 107 12 INTERNA MAZE Dennis Wards This is an contd 56 December 1983 Washington Apple Pi interesting lo res graphic game Find your way out of this 3 D maze Written in Integer 107 13
206. works fine with Wavy Navy as well as the paddle and the keyboard Wavy Navy is not exactly an original game it gets boring very quickly The graphics are average nothing spectacular and the music is horrid Unless you ve got money to burn Wavy Navy is probably not the game for you Stellar 7 by Damon Slye is a very exciting new concept in arcade games Not only does this game have great graphics but they re 3 0 This gives you the feeling of being actually in the game which is something game players have been looking foward to because they are tired of looking from the outside now they re right in there The game is Battlezone in based on Atari s popular arcade hit which the player is placed inside a tank and is forced to defend himself against enemy attackers Enemies in the game are of all types each varying on the amount of mobility speed and thick ness of armor Thick plated tanks tend to be slow while their thin counterparts are very fast Landers which fly through the air and sometimes set down right behind you make life tough as well Equipped with shields and fuel you set out to survive on the base planet Sol If you score enough points flying objects are worth more than tanks a warplink to the next planet will appear Here your tank also is refueled and receives a certain amount of shield Where did I go wrong Each planet introduces new and tougher foes On the third planet Rigel ther
207. you to modify a record only after you select it on your screen The quickest way to select a record is to ask for it by record number REC In all other cases File Cabinet will loop through the entire file until it finds all records whose header matches the search value And in the process it will use up some of the free memory with temporary garbage strings By assigning runners sequential numbers I could update records quickly by first sort ing the data base in NUMber order and then selecting on record numbers knowing that in all cases except field in my data base The TAB for the header is the numbers above 300 the internal record number would be column on the printed report where the field should the same as the runner s number appear I continued to specify header numbers and tab positions for all four fields to appear in my report I spent the morning typing in numbers and times In After running a sample output I saved the format on typing times I was careful to avoid commas or colon contd 60 December 1983 Washington Apple Pi as these give File Cabinet indigestion when the file is reloaded Every half hour I would save my file sort by the most recent split time option 6 and then print out a report option 5 which was posted before the eager fans HITTING THE WALL As the runners drew nearer the finish free memory was fading fast My Apple began to freeze for 10 minutes at a stretch It had not hit the wall
208. zore Underground City Merlin s Castle Horgrath Castle Deathtrap The Black Death The Temple of Ngurct Black Mountain Nuc lear Nightmare PIGO ATTACH BIOS PIGL PIG2 PIG3 PIG4 PIG5 PIG6 PIG7 PIG8 PIG9 PIG1O PIG11 CPMS1G01 CPMSIG02 CPMSIGO3 CPMSIG0O4 CPMSIG05 CPMSIGO6 ZCPR CPMSIGO7 Ver 2 CPMSIG08 Assembler Disassembler Full Screen Editor GoForth Elem Math 63 WAP TUTORIAL REGISTRATION The following four WAP tutorials are being offered on Tuesday evenings from 7 30 to 9 00 PM at the office 8227 Woodmont Avenue Room 202 Bethesda MD The tutorials start promptly at 7 30 if you bring your computer please arrive 15 minutes early to set up You may sign up for any or all of the series They are designed for the beginner and will be repeated monthly A detailed outline of the tutorials was given on page 8 of the September Journal January 10 INTRODUCTION TO APPLE COMPUTER HARDWARE February 7 January 17 HOW TO USE YOUR APPLE SOFTWARE February 14 January 24 BEGINNING BASIC February 21 January 31 BITS BYTES NIBBLES February 28 The fee for each tutorial is 10 00 with an Apple monitor and disk drive 15 00 without Please note that WAP does not have equipment for you to use if you do not bring your own you will have to look over someone s shoulder Tutorials at 10 00 with equipment _ Tutorials at 15 00 without equipmen

Washington Apple Pi Journal, December 1983

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