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1. ra ra F k lt ry p F Fi F 7 l 1 J Pri n te r rinter ea D l l w ey ee Ae Ro a a a Workstation Fig 3 8 In the figure above all stations are within the same broadcast domain For these stations it is obviously that the traffic is getting congested while adding more stations on it With the more and more users joining the LAN broadcast traffic will rapidly decrease the performance of the network Finally the network may get down 36 Fig 3 9 Now we apply VLAN technology to configure the system shown as the figure above We can partition the users into the different logical networks which have their own broadcast domain The traffic will not disturb among these logical networks The users 1x x denotes a d are members of VLAN 1 Any traffic within VLAN 1 does not flow to VLAN 2 and others This helps us configure the network easily according to the criteria needed for example financial accounting R amp D and whatever you think it necessary You can also easily move a user to a different location or join a new user somewhere in the building to VLAN Without VLAN it is very hard to do Basically VLAN can afford offering at least 3 benefits move and change users reduce broadcast traffic and increase performance Security Besides VLAN can highly reduce the traffic congestion and increase total performance because there are no more too many users in the same broadcast domain There are ma
2. E 16 O Dom Auto Speed E 17 O Dom Auto Speed E 18 Dom Auto Speed E 19 Dom Auto Speed E 20 Dom Auto Speed E 21 O Dom Auto Speed E 22 O Dom Auto Speed E 23 O Dom Auto Speed E 24 Dom Auto Speed E Fiber Ports es 71 Down Auto Speed F Auto Speed 22 1000 Full 100 Full 23 Disabled Auto Speed 24 Drop frames after excessive collisions _ Use in Half Duplex flow control environment Fig 4 4 Port Configuration Parameter description Enable Jumbo Frames This function support jumbo frames of up to 9600 bytes Just tick the check box M to enable it Default disable Perfect Reach Power Saving Mode This function supports Power Saving and perfect Reach Just select with the Full Link up Link down Disable Default disable Link Show link status of this port Mode Set the speed and duplex of the port If the media is 1Gbps fiber there are three modes to choose Auto Speed 1000 Full and Disable If the media is TP the Speed Duplex is comprised of the combination of speed mode 10 100 1000Mbps and duplex mode full duplex and half duplex The following table summarized the function the media supports Media type NWay Speed Duplex 1000M TP ON OFF 10 100 1000M _ Full for all Half for 10 100 1000M Fiber ON OFF 1000M In Auto Speed mode no default value In Forced mode default value d
3. Fig 4 6 Port Based VLAN Configuration 54 Port based Vlan Setup Port Pot7 a Pots Port Member Port 13 Port 14 Port 16 Portis E Port 19 E Port 21 E port 24 a Select All Apply Fig 4 7 Add or Remove VLAN Member Parameter description ID Group ID When you want to edit a VLAN group you must select the Group ID field Then you will enter Tag Base VLAN Group Setting or Port Base VLAN Group Setting page which depends on your VLAN mode selection Member In modify function this is used to enable or disable if a port is a member of the new added VLAN Enable means it is a member of the VLAN Just tick the check box M beside the port x to enable it Add Group Create a new port based VLAN or tag based VLAN which depends on the VLAN mode you choose in VLAN mode function Delete Group Just tick the check box v1 beside the ID then press the lt Delete gt button to delete the group 4 2 5 VLAN Port Isolation Configuration Function name Port Isolation Configuration Function description Port Isolation provides for an apparatus and method to isolate ports on layer 2 switches on the same VLAN to restrict traffic flow The apparatus comprises a switch having said plurality of ports each port configured as a protected port or a non protected port An address table memory stores an address table having a destination address and port number pair A forwarding map gener
4. System Loaction DHCP Enabled d Fallback IP Address Fallback Subnet Mask Fallback Gateway Management LAN Password mm W l m L Inactivity Timeout i 0 60 10000 Secs Refresh Fig 4 3 Function name system Configuration Function description Show system description firmware version hardware version MAC address serial number active IP address active subnet mask active gateway DHCP server and Lease time left Set device name DHCP enable fallback IP address fallback subnet mask 6 iN fallback gateway management VLAN password and inactivity timeout Parameter description System Description The simple description of this switch Firmware Version The firmware version of this switch Hardware Version The hardware version of this switch MAC Address It is the Ethernet MAC address of the management agent in this switch Serial Number The serial number is assigned by the manufacturer Active IP Address Show the active IP address of this switch Active Subnet Mask Show the active subnet mask of this switch Active Gateway Show the active gateway of this switch DHCP Server Show the IP address of the DHCP server Default 0 0 0 0 Lease Time Left Show the lease time left of DHCP client Device Name Set a special name for this switch Up to 16 characters are allowed in this parameter Any alphanumeric character and null are acceptable Default Giga Switch DHC
5. The number of frames received in error and the number of incomplete transmissions per port 72 4 3 2 Detailed Statistics Function name Detailed Statistics Function description Display the detailed counting number of each port s traffic In the Fig 4 20 the window can show all counter information each port at one time Statistics for Port 1 FSCS ETRE Porti Port2 Port3 Port4 Port5 Port6 Port7 Ports Port9 Port10 Port11 Port12 Port13 Port14 Port15 Port16 143722 C1 C 95923 20767316 1 12387330 Tx High Priority Packets 3 Tx Low Priority Packets s 14443 E e 3 Rx Multicast 2099 54 1 ie tS o BTx Broad and Multicast __ S 3 Tx Error Packets o 105355 CIZ 71762 Rx 65 127 Bytes YesYlIx 65 127 Bytes SSSC S 11859 517008 Eek 1 12219 pes OA 16 12826 4305 CPE 11967 Tx 1024 Bytes SSCS 321 Receive Error Counters Transmit Error Counters orre 0 ord 0 HTx Overflow 0 0 0 Fig 4 20 Detailed Statistics for each port Parameter description Rx Packets The counting number of the packet received RX Octets Total received bytes Rx High Priority Packets Number of Rx packets classified as high priority Rx Low Priority Packets Number of Rx packets classified as low priority Rx Broadcast Show the counting number of the received broadcast packet Rx Multicast Show the counting number of the received multicast packet Rx Broad and Multicast Show the counting number of the received broadcast w
6. Default SNMP function Disable Default community name for Get public Default community name for Set private Default community name for Trap public System Event The System Event trap enable here is used for the Cold Boot or Warm Boot of system Event Default is Disable TP and Fiber Port Event The TP and Fiber Port Event trap enable here is used for the Link Up or Link Down of system Event Default is Disable 62 4 2 10 Loop Detection Function name Loop Detection Configuration Function description The loop detection is used to detect the presence of traffic When switch receives packet s looping detection frame MAC address the same as oneself from port show Loop detection happens The port will be locked when it received the looping detection frames If you want to resume the locked port please find out the looping path and take off the looping path then select Unlock port and click on Apply to turn on the locked ports Loop Detection Configuration osabled Protocol Pot state Premog Unlock port F F 1 Forwarding 2 Forwarding E F 3 Forwarding F E 4 Forwarding E E 5 Forwarding F E 6 Forwarding F E 7 Forwarding E El 8 Forwarding E F 9 Forwarding E ia 10 Forwarding E E 11 Forwarding E F 12 Forwarding F F 13 Forwarding E E 14 Forwarding E F 15 Forwarding E E 16 Forwarding E E 17 Forwarding E E 18 Forwa
7. Port VLAN aware PacketType Pvid Port 1 v All Tagged Only 1 x Port 2 E All Tagged Only 1 x Port 3 iV all OTagged Only 1 x Port 4 Z All Tagged Only 1 x Port 5 v All Tagged Only 1 x Port 6 v All Tagged Only 1 x Port 7 W All Tagged Only 1 x Port 8 E All Tagged Only 1 Port 9 Wi All Tagged Only 1 x Port 10 w All Tagged Only 1 x Port 11 Z All Tagged Only 1 x Port 12 v All Tagged Only 1 x Port 13 v All Tagged Only 1 x Porti4 M All Tagged Only 1 Port 15 v all OTagged Only 1 x Portis M All OTagged Only 1 Port 17 W All Tagged Only 1 x Port 18 iV all OTagged Only 1 x Porti9 All Tagged Only 1 Port20 F All Tagged Only 1 Port 21 W All Tagged Only 1 x Port22 M All Tagged Only 1 Port23 M All Tagged Only 1 Port 24 v All Tagged Only 1 x Fig 4 5 2 Per port configuration 32 Parameter description VID VLAN identifier Each tag based VLAN group has a unique VID It appears only in tag based mode Member In modify function this is used to enable or disable if a port is a member of the new added VLAN Enable means it is a member of the VLAN Just tick the check box M beside the port x to enable it Port Port number VLAN aware Enabled Discard other VLAN group packets only forward this port joined VLAN group packets Packet Type All Fo
8. RMA number assigned to the reseller from whom the end customer originally purchased the Product The reseller is responsible for ensuring the shipments are insured with the transportation charges prepaid and the RMA number clearly marked on the outside of the package Manufacture will not accept collect shipments or those returned without an RMA number Manufacture shall not be responsible for any software firmware information or memory data contained in stored on or integrated with any Product returned to Manufacture pursuant to any warranty EXCLUSIONS The warranty as mentioned above does not apply to the following conditions in Manufacture s judgment it contains 1 customer does not comply with the manual instructions offered by Manufacture in installation operation repair or maintenance 2 Product fails due to damage from unusual external or electrical stress shipment storage accident abuse or misuse 3 Product is used in an extra hazardous environment or activities 4 any serial number on the Product has been removed or defaced 5 this warranty will be of no effect if the repair is via anyone other than Manufacture or the approved agents or 6 In the event of any failures or delays by either party hereto in the performance of all or any part of this agreement due to acts of God war riot insurrection national emergency strike embargo storm earthquake or other natural forces or by the acts of anyone not a party to this
9. for a port based VLAN named PVLAN 1 contains port members Port 1 amp 2 amp 3 amp 4 If you are on the port 1 you can communicate with port 2 amp 3 amp 4 If you are on the port 5 then you cannot talk to them Each port based VLAN you built up must be assigned a group name This switch can support up to maximal 10 port based VLAN groups Tag based Tag based VLAN identifies its member by VID This is quite different from port based VLAN If there are any more rules in ingress filtering list or egress filtering list the packet will be screened with more filtering criteria to determine if it can be forwarded The switch supports supplement of 802 1q For more details please see the section VLAN in Chapter 3 Each tag based VLAN you built up must be assigned VLAN name and VLAN ID Valid VLAN ID is 1 4094 User can create total up to 10 Tag VLAN groups 4 2 4 VLAN Group Configuration Function name Tag Based VLAN Configuration Tag based VLAN mode Function description The VLAN membership configuration for the selected switch can be monitored and modified here Up to 4094 VLANs are supported This page allows for adding and deleting VLANs as well as adding and deleting port members of each VLAN Tag Based VLAN Configuration Add a VLAN Add VLAN Configuration List vD Member A 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 3 9 10 11 12 135 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 3 8 9 9 16 17 VLAN Port Configuration Fig 4 5 1 tag VLAN Mode
10. ports share the same media and use the same collision domain and thus limit the bandwidth utilization With switch s separated collision domain it can extend the LAN diameter farther than the shared HUB does and highly improve the efficiency of the traffic transmission Due to the architecture the switch can provide full duplex operation to double the bandwidth per port and many other features such as VLAN bandwidth aggregation and so on not able to be supported in a shared hub 3 5 1 Terminology Separate Access Domains As per the description in the section of Whats the Ethernet Ethernet utilizes CSMA CD to arbitrate who can transmit data to the station s attached in the LAN When more than one station transmits data within the same slot time the signals will collide referred to as collision The arbitrator will arbitrate who should gain the media The arbitrator is a distributed mechanism in which all stations contend to gain the media Please refer to What s the Ethernet for more details In Fig 3 6 assumed in half duplex you will see some ports of the switch are linked to a shared HUB which connects many hosts and some ports just are individually linked to a single host The hosts attached to a shared hub will be in the same collision domain separated by the switch and use CSMA CD rule For the host directly attached to the switch because no other host s joins the traffic contention hence it will not be
11. Frequency 50 60 Hz Consumption 16W Ambient Temperature 0 to 40 C Humidity 10 to 90 Dimensions 44 H x 442 W x 170 3 D mm Comply with FCC Part 15 Class A amp CE Mark Approval Management Software Specifications System Configuration VLAN Function Trunk Function Quality of Service QoS Network Management Auto negotiation support on 10 100Base TX ports Web browser can set transmission speed 10 100Mbps and operation mode Full Half duplex on each port enable disable any port set VLAN group set Trunk Connection Port Base 802 1Q Tagged allowed up to 24 static VLANs in one switch Ports trunk connections allowed Referred as Class of Service CoS by the IEEE 802 1P standard DSCP included Web browser support based on HTTP Server Note Any specification is subject to change without notice
12. Priority 0 is mapping to Queue normal Priority 1 is mapping to Queue low Priority 2 is mapping to Queue low Priority 3 is mapping to Queue normal Priority 4 is mapping to Queue medium Priority 5 is mapping to Queue medium Priority 6 is mapping to Queue high and Priority O is mapping to Queue high 68 Function name DSCP QoS Mode Function description In the late 1990s the IETF redefined the meaning of the 8 bit SERVICE TYPE field to accommodate a set of differentiated services DS Under the differentiated services interpretation the first six bits comprise a codepoint which is sometimes abbreviated DSCP and the last two bits are left unused DSCP can form total 64 0 63 kinds of Traffic Class based on the arrangement of 6 bit field in DSCP of the IP packet In the switch user is allowed to set up these 64 kinds of Class that belong to any of queue low normal medium high QoS Configuration Qos Mode DSCP v Prioritise Traffic all High Priority v DSCP Configuration DSCP Yalue 0 63 Priority O o high vs i high m All others ai Ere ce Fig 4 18 DSCP Setting Parameter description Prioritize Traffic Five Prioritize Traffic values are provided Custom All Low Priority All Normal Priority All Medium Priority and All High Priority The QoS setting would apply to all ports on the switch if one of the following values is selected All Low Priority All Normal Priority All Medium Priori
13. While setting QoS function please select QoS Mode in drop down menu at first Then you can use 802 1p Priority and DSCP Priority functions In this function you can enable disable QoS Mode and set Priority Control such as 802 1p and DSCP The switch only supports Strict Priority High priority queue is always passed first Function name 802 1p QoS Mode Function description This function will affect the priority of VLAN tag Based on priority of VLAN tag it can arrange O 7 priorities priorities can map to 4 queues of the switch low normal medium high and possess different bandwidth distribution according to your weight setting QoS Configuration Qos Mode 802 1p Prioritise Traffic Custom 6027 ip Configuration G07 1p See 602 1p aces pore 802 ip 1 low 2 low 3 Eicma w 4 medium 5 6 w T high se J Fig 4 17 802 1p Setting Parameter description Prioritize Traffic Five Prioritize Traffic values are provided Custom All Low Priority All Normal Priority All Medium Priority and All High Priority The QoS setting would apply to all ports on the switch if one of the following values is selected All Low Priority All Normal Priority All Medium Priority or All High Priority Port Number When Custom is selected for Prioritize Traffic you may assign specific Port Number for 802 1p Configuration 802 1p Configuration Each Priority can select any of Queue In Default
14. agreement or by the inability to secure materials or transportation then the party so affected shall be executed from any further performance for a period of time after the occurrence as may reasonably be necessary to remedy the effects of that occurrence but in no event more than sixty 60 days If any of the stated events should occur Party A shall promptly notify Party B in writing as soon as commercially practicable but in no event more than twenty 20 business days and provide documentation evidencing such occurrence In no event shall the maximum liability of Manufacture under this warranty exceed the purchase price of the Product covered by this warranty DISCLAIMER EXCEPT AS SPECIFICALLY PROVIDED ABOVE AS REQUIRED AS IS AND THE WARRANTIES AND REMEDIES STATED ABOVE ARE EXCLUSIVE AND IN LIEU OF ALL OTHERS ORAL OR WRITTEN EXPRESS OR IMPLIED ANY AND ALL OTHER WARRANTIES INCLUDING IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT OR THIRD PARTY RIGHTS ARE EXPRESSLY EXCLUDED MANUFACTURE SOFTWARE LICENSE AGREEMENT NOTICE Please carefully read this Software License Agreement hereinafter referred to as this Agreement before copying or using the accompanying software or installing the hardware unit with pre enabled software or firmware each of which is referred to as Software in this Agreement BY COPYING OR USING THE SOFTWARE YOU ACCEPT ALL OF THE PROVISIONS AND CONDITIONS OF THI
15. code assigned by IEEE The last three bytes are the serial number assigned by the vendor of the network device All these six bytes are stored in a non volatile memory in the device Their format is as the following table and normally written in the form as aa bb cc dd ee ff a 12 hexadecimal digits separated by hyphens in which the aa bb cc is the OUI code and the dd ee ff is the serial number assigned by manufacturer Bit 47 bit O 1st byte 2nd byte 3rd byte 4th byte oth byte 6th byte OUI code Table 3 3 Ethernet MAC address The first bit of the first byte in the Destination address DA determines the address to be a Unicast 0 or Multicast frame 1 Known as I G bit indicating individual 0 or group 1 So the 48 bit address space is divided into two portions Unicast and Multicast The second bit is for global unique 0 or locally unique address The former is assigned by the device manufacturer and the later is usually assigned by the administrator In practice global unique addresses are always applied A unicast address is identified with a single network interface With this nature of MAC address a frame transmitted can exactly be received by the target an interface the destination MAC points to A multicast address is identified with a group of network devices or network interfaces In Ethernet a many to many connectivity in the LANs is provided It provides a mean to send a frame to many network devices at a time When al
16. default values of 24 Port GbE Web Smart Switch are listed in the table below IP Address 192 168 1 1 Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 Default Gateway 192 168 1 254 Table 4 1 When the configuration of your Web Smart Switch is finished you can browse it by the IP address you set up For instance type http 192 168 1 1 in the address row in a browser then the following screen see Fig 4 1 would show up and ask for your password input for login and access authentication The default password is admin For the first time access please enter the default password and click lt Apply gt button The login process now would be completed Web Smart Switch supports a simplified user management function which allows only one administrator to configure the switch at one time To optimize the display effect we recommend Microsoft IE and 1024x768 display resolution Please enter password to login Posswora COTTO Fig 4 1 42 4 1 Web Management Home Overview After login System Information would be displayed as Fig 4 2 illustrated This page lists default values and shows you the basic information of the switch including Switch Status TP Port Status Fiber Port Status Aggregation VLAN Mirror SNMP and Maximum Packet Length With this information you will Know the software version MAC address ports available and so on It would be helpful while malfunction occurred For mor
17. for any reason Licensee shall discontinue to use the Software and shall destroy or return all copies of the Software and the related documentation GENERAL This License shall be governed by and construed pursuant to the laws of Taiwan If any portion hereof is held to be invalid or unenforceable the remaining provisions of this License shall remain in full force and effect Neither the License nor this Agreement is assignable or transferable by Licensee without Manufacture s prior written consent any attempt to do so shall be void This License constitutes the entire License between the parties with respect to the use of the Software LICENSEE ACKNOWLEDGES THAT LICENSEE HAS READ THIS AGREEMENT UNDERSTANDS IT AND AGREES TO BE BOUND BY ITS TERMS AND CONDITIONS LICENSEE FURTHER AGREES THAT THIS AGREEMENT IS THE ENTIRE AND EXCLUSIVE AGREEMENT BETWEEN MANUFACTURE AND LICENSEE 1V Table of Contents CAME ON psc coded seat a a Vill ELECTRONIC MISSION NOTICES siee tenctestvasunducuacihs yoedncncute cule ERES Vill ANAR NING exrtanssadincacistoten oetstoiits oe iatatea Sotto e S IX TIN TRODUC TION roncon a O OO 2 1 1 OVERVIEW OF 24 PORT GBE WEB SMART SWITCH cccccccssesssececceeeeetseeeceeeeaaaeeeeeees 2 E eC T A 3 EST EFATUR S o E A 3 1 4 VIEW OF 24 PORT GBE WEB SMART SWITCH ccccccccccccceeessssesseeseeeeceeeeeeeeeeaaaaeeeeesees 5 1 4 1 User Interfaces on the Front Panel Button LEDs and Plugs 00 ccccceeeevees 5 1
18. membership queries status Queries transmitted To count the group membership queries transmitted Queries received To count the group membership queries received V1 Reports When a host receives a group membership query it identifies the groups associated with the query and determines to which groups it belongs The host then sets a timer with a value less than the Max Response Time field in the query for each group to which it belongs It Calculate the number of times of IGMPV1 report V2 Reports When a host receives a group membership query it identifies the groups associated with the query and determines to which groups it belongs The host then sets a timer with a value less than the Max Response Time field in the query for each group to which it belongs It Calculate the number of times of IGMPV2 report 76 V3 Reports When a host receives a group membership query it identifies the groups associated with the query and determines to which groups it belongs The host then sets a timer with a value less than the Max Response Time field in the query for each group to which it belongs It Calculate the number of times of IGMPV3 report V2 Leaves When a host leaves a group it sends a leave group membership message to multicast routers on the network it show the leaves number 4 3 5 Ping Status Function name Ping Status Function description To set up target IP address for ping function and display ping sta
19. network vendors devices So this criterion should not exist at the present time and in the future The switch s Gigabit module supports only full duplex mode 416 bytes for 1000Base lt 520 bytes for 1000Base T ey Lengthityps Data Pad FCS Extension 64 bytes Fig 3 4 Gigabit Ethernet Frame Parameter value LAN 10Base 100Base 1000Base Max collision domain DTE to 400 meters 100 meters for UTP 100 meters for UTP DTE 412 meters for fiber 316 meters for fiber Max collision domain with 2500 meters 205 meters 200 meters repeater Slot time Interframe Gap AttemptLimit M e i 16 BackoffLimit JamSize MaxFrameSize M4 64 BurstLimit Not applicable Not applicable 65536 bits Table 3 5 Ethernet parameters for half duplex mode Preamble SFD DA SA TypeiLength Data PAD FCS Extension w minFrameSize 1 stotTime lt ________ wi FCS Coverage CI k ate collision threshold slotTime F Duration of Carrier Event EF In full duplex operation mode both transmitting and receiving frames are processed simultaneously This doubles the total bandwidth Full duplex is much easier than half duplex because it does not involve media contention collision retransmission schedule padding bits for short frame The rest functions follow the specification of IEEE802 3 For example it m
20. rules to forward the packet There are ingress rule and egress rule applied The ingress rule is used to filter the incoming packet by VLAN ID and so on and to decide whether the packet is allowed to enter the switch or not The egress rule is used to forward the packet to the proper port Mac address aging There is a field in MAC address table used to put the entry s Age time which determines how long a MAC entry can reside in a switch The age time is refreshed when a packet with that SA Usually the age time is programmable 7 Transmission schedule In most layer 2 switches the QoS is supported QoS in a switch must 34 associate a transmission schedule to transmit the packet This function is much to do with the priority level a packet has With the given priority the scheduler will do the proper action on it The scheduler has many ways to implement and different chips may support different schedule algorithms Most common schedulers are FCFS First Come First Service Strictly Priority All High before Low Weighted Round Robin Set a weight figure to the packet with a priority level say 5 7 and next set another weight to the packet with a priority level say 2 4 and so on The WRR will transmit the packet with the weight So the packet of each priority level can be allocated a fixed bandwidth Bandwidth rating Bandwidth rating is the limitation set by administrator and it can be applied to those with SLA Bandwidt
21. section of MAC addressing Source addresses SA The SA field indicates the source node The SA is always an individual address and the left most bit in the SA field is always 0 Length Type This field indicates either the number of the data bytes contained in the data field of the frame or the Ethernet type of data If the value of first two bytes is less than or equal to 1500 in decimal the number of bytes in the data field is equal to the Length Type value i e this field acts as Length indicator at this moment When this field acts as Length the frame has optional fields for 802 3 802 2 SNAP encapsulation 802 3 802 2 encapsulation and Netware 802 3 RAW encapsulation Each of them has different fields following the Length field If the Length Type value is greater than 1500 it means the Length Type acts as Type Different type value means the frames with different protocols running over Ethernet being sent or received For example Ox0800 IP datagram 0x0806 ARP 0x0835 RARP 0x8137 IPX datagram Ox86DD IPv6 Data Less than or equal to 1500 bytes and greater or equal to 46 bytes If data is less than 46 bytes the MAC will automatically extend the padding bits and have the payload be equal to 46 bytes The length of data field must equal the value of the Length field when the Length Type acts as Length Frame check sequence FCS This field contains a 32 bit cyclic redundancy check CRC value and is a c
22. then it can access the MIB information of the target device So both parties must have the same community name Once completing the setting click lt Apply gt button the setting takes effect SNMP Configuration SNMP Write Community private oren SNMP Trap Community public Trap Configuration EESAN M cold start warm start Port Event k Link Down Link Up Authentication Failure Ea Cec Fig 4 13 SNMP Configuration Parameters description SNMP enable The term SNMP enable here is used for the activation or de activation of SNMP Default is Disable Get Set Trap Community Community name is used as password for authenticating if the requesting network management unit belongs to the same community group If they both don t have the same community name they don t belong to the same group Hence the requesting network management unit cannot access the device with different community name via SNMP protocol If they both have the same community name they can talk each other Community name is user definable with a maximum length of 15 characters and is case sensitive There is not allowed to put any blank in the community name string Any printable character is allowable The community name for each function works independently Each function has its own community name Say the community name for Read only works for Read function and can t be applied to other function such as Write and Trap
23. version 4 known as IPv4 32 bits gt Network identifier Host identifier Fig 2 8 IP address structure With the classful addressing it divides IP address into three classes class A class B and class C The rest of IP addresses are for multicast and broadcast The bit length of the network prefix is the same as that of the subnet mask and is denoted as IP address X for example 192 168 1 0 10 Each class has its address range described below Class A Address is less than 126 255 255 255 There are a total of 126 networks can be defined because the address 0 0 0 0 is reserved for default route and 127 0 0 0 8 is reserved for loopback function Bit 01 78 31 Network address Host address Class B IP address range between 128 0 0 0 and 191 255 255 255 Each class B network has a 16 bit network prefix followed 16 bit host address There are 16 384 2414 16 networks able to be defined with a maximum of 65534 216 2 hosts per network Bit O12 15 16 31 ee Network address Host address Class C IP address range between 192 0 0 0 and 223 255 255 255 Each class C network has a 24 bit network prefix followed 8 bit host address There are 2 097 152 2421 24 networks able to be defined with a maximum of 254 248 2 hosts per network Bit 012 3 23 24 31 A Network address Host address Class D and E Class D is a class with first 4 MSB Most significance bit set to 1 1 1 0 and is used for IP Multicast See a
24. 4 2 User Interfaces on the Rear Panels iriiria 6 l 3 MEWOF THRE OPTIONAL MODULES xi cot teiwehontoutanaituowedanconsauatstocedasnaiavunbaentetbenbantitonetant 7 INSTALLATION eniai a 8 2 1 STARTING 24 PORT GBE WEB SMART SWITCH UP ccccccssseeeseceeceeeeeeseeceeeeeeaaeseseees 8 221 Hardware and Cable INStQua non urinas a N E SEA S Dele DC DUEL ICU LT CLV EI S ee dt i ate lsat itl Ree da ae neh ete ath 10 2 1 3 Configuring the Management Agent of 24 Port GbE Web Smart Switch 14 2A IPAddress ASS OEN ea ea ch eieas Asa aE 15 2 2 LY PICALAPPLICATION Sacin E E N aes ean Malena cae 19 BASIC CONCEPT AND MANAGEMENT cccccccccssssssssccccccccsssscsccccccccssscsscees 21 D2 ba WHAT SIE ETHERNET Jorgeren A 21 322 LOGICAE LINK CONTROL CEG Jerga 22 3 3 MEDIA ACCESS CONTROL MAC Jorra nere reren rE ETS A 24 DA oe OWA OMI ROL ierni 29 3 5 HOW DOES A SWITCH WORK sescenie nt ceevacen ces deaneunt sen cendenenoenvagentenssuaeeustenensenseneeoeetedenes 32 3 0 VIRTUAL LAN ee aara E E rE NI EEE A EE EErEE EPOE E aeai 36 OPERATION OF WEB BASED MANAGEMENT cssscssccccccssssscsccccccccssscsccoes 42 4 1 WEB MANAGEMENT HOME OVERVIEW sssssssesessssssoerrssssssecreesssssscreessssseceresssssseeresses 43 J2 CONFIGURATION sir Ea T A ee luteal awh eertew ede 45 A 2d o SVIN A OTING TO E EEEE EE EE EEEE E ENEE EE 46 Be De RECON OUTOON EEEE E EEEE E E OEO E TE 49 A23 VLAN Mode COn OUT ALON oise a EEEE AEE EEEIEE ER a Be Det VLAN Grou
25. O 20 O 21 O 22 O 23 O 24 E Unregistered IPMC Flooding enabled 1 5 9 Fig 4 11 IGMP Configuration Parameter description IGMP Enabled Just tick the check box MJ to enable this function Default disable Router Ports Just tick the check box MJ beside the port x to enable router ports then press the lt Apply gt button to start up Default none Unregistered IGMP Flooding enabled Just tick the check box MJ to enable this function Default enable VLAN ID At the IGMP Enable mode being selected it will list the VLAN ID number IGMP Snooping Enabled After IGMP Enabled function start up then user can tick the check box 1 to enable this function 58 Default enable IGMP Querying Enabled After IGMP Enabled function start up then user can tick the check box M to enable this function Default enable 4 2 8 Mirroring Configuration Function name Mirror Configuration Function description Mirror Configuration is provided to monitor the traffic in the network This switch supports one port mirror multi ports For example we assume that Port A and Port B are Source Ports and Port C is Mirror Port respectively thus the traffic passing through Port A and Port B will be copied to Port C for monitor purpose Mirroring Configuration a ae Source D 0 N D A Wo fe j M M M h e il jl i ld jld W W OD ON mH Wm WM BE GE 2 2 2 4 2 2 2 3 4 2 2 2 42 c 2 a a P
26. P Enabled Enable DHCP snooping Just tick the check box M1 to enable it Default disable Fallback IP Address Users can configure the IP settings and fill in new values Then click lt Apply gt button to update Default 192 168 1 1 Fallback Subnet Mask Subnet mask is made for the purpose to get more network address because any IP device in a network must own its IP address composed of Network address and Host address otherwise can t communicate with other devices each other But unfortunately the network classes A B and C are all too large to fit for almost all networks hence subnet mask is introduced to solve this problem Subnet mask uses some bits from host address and makes an IP address looked Network address Subnet mask number and host address It is shown in the following figure This reduces the total IP number of a network able to support by the amount of 2 power of the bit number of subnet number 24 bit number of subnet number 32 bits NetworkiD Hostio Subnet number Subnet mask is used to set the subnet mask value which should be the same value as that of the other devices resided in the same network it attaches For more information please also see the Section 2 1 4 IP Address Assignment in this manual Default 255 255 255 0 Fallback Gateway Set an IP address for a gateway to handle those packets that do not meet the routing rules predefined in the device If a packet
27. S AGREEMENT THE PROVISIONS EXPRESSED IN THIS AGREEMENT ARE THE ONLY PROVISION UNDER WHICH MANUFACTURE WILL PERMIT YOU TO USE THE SOFTWARE If you do not accept these provisions and conditions please immediately return the unused software manual and the related product Written approval is NOT a prerequisite to the validity or enforceability of this Agreement and no solicitation of any such written approval by or on behalf of Manufacture shall be deemed as an inference to the contrary LICENSE GRANT The end user hereinafter referred to as Licensee of the Software is granted a personal non sublicensable nonexclusive nontransferable license by Manufacture Corporation Manufacture 1 To use the Manufacture s software Software in object code form solely on a single central processing unit owned or leased by Licensee or otherwise embedded in the equipment offered by Manufacture 2 To copy the Software only for backup purposes in support of authorized use of the Software 3 To use and copy the documentation related to the Software solely in support of authorized use of the Software by Licensee The License applies to the Software only except other Manufacture s software or hardware products Without the prior written consent of Manufacture Licensee has no right to receive any source code or design documentation with respect to the Software RESTRICTIONS ON USE RESERVATION OF RIGHTS The Software and related documentation are
28. TP ports 4 10 100 1000Mbps TP or 1000Mbps SFP Fiber dual media auto sense 512KB on chip frame buffer Jumbo frame support 9KB Programmable classifier for QoS Layer 2 Layer 3 8K MAC address and support VLAN ID 1 4094 Per port shaping policing and Broadcast Storm Control Power Saving with ActiPHY Power Management and Perfect Reach Power Management techniques IEEE802 1Q in Q nested VLAN support Full duplex flow control IEEE802 3x and half duplex backpressure e Extensive front panel diagnostic LEDs System Power TP Port1 24 LINK ACT 10 100 1000Mbps SFP Port 21 22 23 24 SFP LINK ACT e Management Supports concisely the status of port and easily port configuration Supports per port traffic monitoring counters Supports a snapshot of the system Information when you login Supports port mirror function Supports the static trunk function Supports 802 1Q VLAN Supports user management and limits one user to login Maximal packet length can be up to 9600 bytes for jumbo frame application Supports Broadcasting Suppression to avoid network suspended or crashed Supports to send the trap event while monitored events happened Supports default configuration which can be restored to overwrite the current configuration which is working on via Web UI and Reset button of the switch Supports on line plug unplug SFP modules Supports Quality of Service QoS for real time applications based on the informati
29. URE DOES NOT WARRANT GUARANTEE OR MAKE ANY REPRESENTATIONS REGARDING THE USE OR THE RESULTS OF THE USE OF THE SOFTWARE OR RELATED WRITTEN DOCUMENTAITON IN TERMS OF CORRECTNESS ACCURACY RELIABILITY OR OTHERWISE CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES IN NO EVENT SHALL MANUFACTURE OR ITS AUTHORIZED RESELLER BE LIABLE TO LICENSEE OR ANY THIRD PARTY FOR A ANY MATTER BEYOND ITS REASONABLE CONTROL OR B ANY CONSEQUENTIAL SPECIAL INDIRECT OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THIS LICENSE OR USE OF THE SOFTWARE PROVIDED BY MANUFACTURE EVEN IF MANUFACTURE HAS BEEN NOTIFIED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES IN ADVANCE IN NO EVENT SHALL THE LIABILITY OF MANUFACTURE IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THIS AGREEMENT EXCEED THE PRICE PAID TO MANUFACTURE FOR THE LICENSE TERM AND TERMINATION The License is effective until terminated however all of the restrictions in regard to Manufacture s copyright in the Software and related documentation will cease being effective at the date of expiration Notwithstanding the termination or expiration of the term of this agreement it is acknowledged and agreed that those obligations relating to use and disclosure of Manufacture s confidential information shall survive Licensee may terminate this License at any time by destroying the software together with all copies thereof This License will be immediately terminated if Licensee fails to comply with any term and condition of the Agreement Upon any termination of this License
30. Web Smart 24 Port Gigabit Ethernet Switch User s Manual DOC 131122 User Manual Release 1 021 2012 Manufacture Corporation All rights reserved All brand and product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies il The information in this document is subject to change without notice Unless the explicit written permission of Manufacture Corporation this document in whole or in part shall not be replicated or modified or amended or transmitted in any from or by any means manual electric electronic electromagnetic mechanical optical or otherwise for any purpose DURATION OF HARDWARE WARRANTY HARDWARE In accordance with the provisions described under Manufacture Corporation hereinafter called Manufacture warrants its hardware products hereinafter referred to as Product specified herein to be for a period of twelve 12 months from the date of shipment Should a Product fail to perform during the effective warranty period as described above Manufacture shall replace the defective Product or part or delivering a functionally equivalent Product or part in receipt of customer s request provided that the customer complies with the return material authorization RMA procedures and returns all defective Product prior to installation of the replacements to Manufacture All defective Products must be returned to Manufacture with issuance of a Return Material Authorization number
31. a The same VLAN members can be at different switches with the same VID See Fig 2 5 Fig 2 5 Attribute based VLAN Diagram 2 1 3 Configuring the Management Agent of 24 Port GbE Web Smart Switch In the way of web user is allowed to startup the switch management function Users can use any one of them to monitor and configure the switch You can touch them through the following procedures Section 2 1 3 1 Configuring Management Agent of 24 Port GbE Web Smart Switch through Ethernet Port 2 1 3 1 Configuring Management Agent of 24 Port GbE Web Smart Switch through Ethernet Port There are two ways to configure and monitor the switch through the switch s Ethernet port They are Web browser and SNMP manager The user interface for the last one is Management software dependent and does not cover here We just introduce the first type of management interface Web based UI for the switch is an interface in a highly friendly way 24 PORT GBE WEB SMART SWITCH Default IP Setting IP 192 168 1 1 Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 Default Gateway 192 168 1 254 ra IBAS Assign a reasonable IP address For example IP 192 168 1 100 Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 Default Gateway 192 168 1 254 a LAN Fig 2 6 e Managing 24 Port GbE Web Smart Switch through Ethernet Port Before you communicate with the switch you have to finish first the configuration of the IP address or to know the IP address of the switch T
32. affected by CSMA CD These LAN segments are separated in different access domains by the switch Micro segmentation To have a port of the switch connected to a single host is referred to as micro segmentation It has the following interesting characteristics There is no need the access contention e g Collision They have their own access domain But collision still could happen between the host and the switch port When performing the full duplex the collision vanishes The host owns a dedicated bandwidth of the port The switch port can run at different soeed such as 10Mbps 100Mbps or 1000Mbps A shared hub cannot afford this 32 Collision domain 2 Collision domain 1 Ld d La w all pre A e Collision Collision Collision domain 3 domain4 domain 5 Fig 3 6 Collision Domain Extended Distance Limitations The diameter of a half duplex LAN segment is determined by its maximum propagation delay time For example in 10M LAN the most distance of a LAN segment using yellow cable is 2500 meters and 185 meters when using coaxial cable The switch with its per port per collision domain can extend the distance like a bridge does And whats more when operating in full duplex mode the distance can reach farther than half duplex because it is not limited by the maximum propagation delay time 512 bits time If fiber media is applied the distance can be up to tens of kilometers Traffic Aggregat
33. al fa K Refresh Parameter description Source Port Set up the port for being monitored Just tick the check box MI beside the port x and valid port is Port 1 24 Mirror Port Use the drop down menu to select a mirror port Fig 4 12 Mirror ports configuration 60 4 2 9 SNMP Any Network Management System NMS running the Simple Network Management Protocol SNMP can manage the Managed devices equipped with SNMP agent provided that the Management Information Base MIB is installed correctly on the managed devices It is a protocol used to govern the transfer of information between SNMP manager and agent and traverses the Object Identity OID of the management Information Base MIB described in the form of SMI syntax SNMP agent is running on the switch to response the request issued by SNMP manager Basically it is passive except issuing the trap information The switch supports a switch to turn on or off the SNMP agent If you set the field SNMP Enable SNMP agent will be started up If the field SNMP is set Disable SNMP agent will be de activated the related Community Name Trap Host IP Address Trap and all MIB counters will be ignored Function name SNMP Configuration Function description This function is used to configure SNMP settings community name trap host and public traps as well as the throttle of SNMP A SNMP manager must pass the authentication by identifying both community names
34. anagement The network administrator can logon the switch to monitor configure and control each port s activity In addition the switch implements the QoS Quality of Service VLAN and Trunking It is suitable for office application Others the switch increase support the Power saving for reduce the power consumption with ActiPHY Power Management and PerfectReach Power Management two technique It could efficient saving the switch power with auto detect the client idle and cable length to provide different power In this switch Port 21 22 23 24 includes two types of media TP and SFP Fiber LC BiDi SC this port supports 10 100 1000Mbps TP or 1000Mbps SFP Fiber with auto detected function 1000Mbps SFP Fiber transceiver is used for high speed connection expansion 1000Mbps LC Multi Mode SFP Fiber transceiver 1000Mbps LC 10km SFP Fiber transceiver 1000Mbps LC 30km SFP Fiber transceiver 1000Mbps LC 50km SFP Fiber transceiver 1000Mbps BiDi SC 20km 1550nm SFP Fiber WDM transceiver 1000Mbps BiDi SC 20km 1310nm SFP Fiber WDM transceiver 10 100 1000Mbps TP is a standard Ethernet port that meets all IEEE 802 3 u x z Gigabit Fast Ethernet specifications 1000Mbps SFP Fiber transceiver is a Gigabit Ethernet port that fully complies with all IEEE 802 3z and 1000Base SX LX standards 1000Mbps Single Fiber WDM BiDi transceiver is designed with an optic Wavelength Division Multiplexing WDM techno
35. and timer from some OSI layer 2 protocols such as 802 1d 802 1q and so on The fiber TP cables and devices bit time delay round trip are as follows 1000Base X TP Fiber 100Base TX TP 100Base FX Fiber Round trip Delay 4096 Round trip Delay 512 Cat 5 TP Wire 11 12 m Cat 5 TP Wire 1 12 m Fiber Cable Fiber Cable 10 10 m TP to fiber Converter 56 Bit Time unit 1ns 1sec 1000 Mega bit Bit Time unit 0 01us 1sec 100 Mega bit Table 2 2 Sum up all elements bit time delay and the overall bit time delay of wires devices must be within Round Trip Delay bit times in a half duplex network segment collision domain For full duplex operation this will not be applied You may use the TP Fiber module to extend the TP node distance over fiber optic and provide the long haul connection e Typical Network Topology in Deployment A hierarchical network with minimum levels of switch may reduce the timing delay between server and client station Basically with this approach it will minimize the number of switches in any one path will lower the possibility of network loop and will improve network efficiency If more than two switches are connected in the same network select one switch as Level 1 switch and connect all other switches to it at Level 2 Server Host is recommended to connect to the Level 1 switch This is general if no VLAN or other special requirements are applied Case1 All switch ports are in the sa
36. ans no VLAN ID is present 1 means default VLAN 4095 reserved VLAN tagged frame An Ethernet frame carrying VLAN tag field contains VLAN identification without the value of 0 and 4095 and priority information Priority tagged frame An Ethernet frame carrying VLAN tag field contains VLAN identification with the value of 0 and priority information Untagged frame An Ethernet frame carries no VLAN tag information VLAN Identifier Also referred to as VID It is used to identify a member whether it belongs to the VLAN group with the VID The assignable number is 1 4094 If VID 0 the tagged frame is a priority packet Both the value of 0 and 4095 also cannot be assigned in VLAN management Port VLAN Identifier VLAN identifier of a port It also can be referred to as PVID When an untagged frame or a priority tagged frame is received the frame will be inserted the PVID of that port in the VLAN tag field The frame with VID assigned by a port is called PVID Each port can only be assigned a PVID The default value for PVID is 1 the same as VID Ingress filtering The process to check a received packet and compare its VID to the VLAN membership of the ingress port The ingress filtering can be set by per port When receiving a packet VLAN bridge examines if the VID in the frame s header presents If the VID of the received packet presents the VID of the packet is used And VLAN bridge will check its MAC address table
37. ation of collision is enough to have all involved devices able to detect the collision This is referred to as Jamming After jamming pattern is sent MAC stops transmitting the rest data queued in the buffer and waits for a random period of time known as backoff time with the following formula When backoff time expires the device goes back to the state of attempting to transmit frame The backoff time is determined by the formula below When the times of collision is increased the backoff time is getting long until the collision times excess 16 If this happens the frame will be discarded and backoff time will also be reset O lt r lt 2k where k min n 10 Frame Reception In essence the frame reception is the same in both operations of half duplex and full duplex except that full duplex operation uses two buffers to transmit and receive the frame independently The receiving node always listens if there is traffic running over the medium when it is not receiving a frame When a frame destined for the target device comes the receiver of the target device begins receiving the bit stream and looks for the PRE Preamble pattern and Start of Frame Delimiter SFD that indicates the next bit is the starting point of the MAC frame until all bit of the frame is received For a received frame the MAC will check 1 If it is less than one slotTime in length i e short packet and if yes it will be discarded by MAC because by de
38. ator generates a forwarding map which is responsive to a destination address of a data packet The method for isolating ports on a layer 2 switch comprises configuring each of the ports on the layer 2 switch as a protected port or a non protected port A destination address on an data packet is matched with a physical address on said layer 2 switch and a forwarding map is generated for the data packet based upon the destination address on the data packet The data packet is then sent to the plurality of ports pursuant to the forwarding map generated based upon whether the ingress port was configured as a protected or non protected port This page is used for enabling or disabling port isolation on ports in a Private VLAN A port member of a VLAN can be isolated to other isolated ports on the same VLAN and Private VLAN Port Isolation Configuration 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 ae ee eee Fig 4 9 Port Isolation configuration Parameter description Port Members A check box is provided for each port of a private VLAN When checked port isolation is enabled on that port When unchecked port isolation is disabled on that port By default port isolation is disabled on all ports 56 4 2 6 Aggregation The Aggregation Port Trunking Configuration is used to configure the settings of Link Aggregation You can bundle ports by same speed MAC and full duplex to be a single logical port thus
39. atter is categorized into several classes by the distance it supports They are SX LX LHX XD and ZX From the viewpoint of connector type there mainly are LC and BIDI SC Gigabit Fiber with multi mode LC SFP module Gigabit Fiber with single mode LC SFP module Gigabit Fiber with BiDi SC 1310nm SFP module Gigabit Fiber with BiDi SC 1550nm SFP module The following table lists the types of fiber that we support and those else not listed here are available upon request Multi mode Fiber Cable and Modal Bandwidth Multi mode 62 5 125um Multi mode 50 125um Modal Distance Modal Distance Bandwidth Bandwidth 460MHz Km 400MHz Km 500m 200MHz Km 500MHz Km 550m Single mode Fiber 9 125um Single mode transceiver 1310nm 10 30Km Single mode transceiver 1550nm 50Km 20Km RX Receive 1550nm Single Fiber l BIDI SC Single Mode TX Transmit 1550nm 20Km RX Receive 1310nm Table2 1 2 1 2 3 Switch Cascading in Topology 10 e Takes the Delay Time into Account Theoretically the switch partitions the collision domain for each port in switch cascading that you may up link the switches unlimitedly In practice the network extension cascading levels amp overall diameter must follow the constraint of the IEEE 802 3 802 3u 802 3z and other 802 1 series protocol specifications in which the limitations are the timing requirement from physical signals defined by 802 3 series specification of Media Access Control MAC and PHY
40. bE Web Smart Switch First choose any port in 24 Port GbE Web Smart Switch Then use IE and type default IP address 192 168 1 1 to connect to 24 Gigabit with RJ45 network line Finally the login screen will appear at once 86 Appendix A Technical Specifications Features 20 10 100 1000Mbps Gigabit Ethernet TP switching ports are compliant with IEEE802 3 802 3u 802 3z and 802 3ab 4 Gigabit TP SFP fiber are dual media ports with auto detected function Non blocking store and forward shared memory Web Smart switched Supports auto negotiation for configuring speed duplex mode Supports 802 3x flow control for full duplex ports Supports collision based and carrier based backpressure for half duplex ports Any ports can be in disable mode force mode or auto polling mode Supports Head of Line HOL blocking prevention Supports broadcast storm filtering Web based management provides the ability to completely manage the switch from any web browser Supports Port based VLAN and Tag based IEEE802 1Q VLAN Auto aging with programmable inter age time Supports 802 1p Class of Service with 2 level priority queuing Supports port trunking with flexible load distribution and failover function Supports port sniffer function Programmable maximum Ethernet frame length of range from 1518 to 9600 bytes jumbo frame Efficient self learning and address recognition mechanism enables forwarding rate at wire speed Hardware Spe
41. ber of 256 511 byte frames in good and bad packets transmitted 74 Tx 512 1023 Bytes Number of 512 1023 byte frames in good and bad packets transmitted Tx 1024 Bytes Number of 1024 max_length byte frames in good and bad packets transmitted Rx CRC Alignment Number of Alignment errors and CRC error packets received Rx Undersize Number of short frames lt 64 Bytes with valid CRC Rx Oversize Number of long frames according to max_length register with valid CRC Rx Fragments Number of short frames lt 64 bytes with invalid CRC Rx Jabber Number of long frames according tomax_length register with invalid CRC Rx Drops Frames dropped due to the lack of receiving buffer Tx Collisions Number of collisions transmitting frames experienced Tx Drops Number of frames dropped due to excessive collision late collision or frame aging Tx Overflow Number of frames dropped due to the lack of transmitting buffer 4 3 4 IGMP Status Function name IGMP Status Function description Display IGMP status In Fig 4 21 the window shows VLAN ID for each multicast group IGMP Status VLAN Queries Queries vi v vo vi ID transmitted received Reports Reports Reports Leaves 0 o 0 o 0 o 1 Idle Pages 1 VLAN ID Group Address Port Member None of Multicast Group Co a ES Fig 4 21 IGMP Status Parameter description VLAN Id Show VLAN Id for each multicast group Querier Show the group
42. bridge relay entity Logical link control supports the interface between the Ethernet MAC and upper layers in the protocol stack usually Network layer which is nothing to do with the nature of the LAN So it can operate over other different LAN technology such as Token Ring FDDI and so on Likewise for the interface to the MAC layer LLC defines the services with the interface independent of the medium access technology and with some of the nature of the medium itself DSAP SS AP acldress address Control Information DSAP address Destination service access point address field SSAP address Source service access point address fiald Contral Control field 16 bits for formats that include sequence numbering and amp bits for formats that do not see 5 2 Information Information field Multiplication Ml An a r value equal to or greater than 0 Upper bound of Mis a function of the medium access control methodology used The table 3 1 is the ables 1LLC Format format of LLC PDU It 22 comprises four fields DSAP SSAP Control and Information The DSAP address field identifies the one or more service access points in which the I G bit indicates it is individual or group address If all bit of DSAP is 1s it s a global address The SSAP address field identifies the specific services indicated by C R bit command or response The DSAP and SSAP pair with some reserved values indicates some well known services listed in th
43. ce e Installing Optional SFP Fiber Transceivers to the 24 Port GbE Web Smart Switch Note If you have no modules please skip this section Fig 2 1 Installation of Optional SFP Fiber Transceiver e Connecting the SFP Module to the Chassis The optional SFP modules are hot swappable so you can plug or unplug it before or after powering on 1 Verify that the SFP module is the right model and conforms to the chassis 2 Slide the module along the slot Also be sure that the module is properly seated against the slot socket connector 3 Install the media cable for network connection 4 Repeat the above steps as needed for each module to be installed into slot s 5 Have the power ON after the above procedures are done TP Port and Cable Installation In the switch TP port supports MDI MDI X auto crossover so both types of cable straight through Cable pin outs for RJ 45 jack 1 2 3 6 to 1 2 3 6 in 10 100M TP 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 to 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 in Gigabit TP and crossed over Cable pin outs for RJ 45 jack 1 2 3 6 to 3 6 1 2 can be used It means you do not have to tell from them just plug it Use Cat 5 grade RJ 45 TP cable to connect to a TP port of the switch and the other end is connected to a network aware device such as a workstation or a server gt Repeat the above steps as needed for each RJ 45 port to be connected to a Gigabit 10 100 1000 TP device Now you can start hav
44. cifications Standard Compliance IEEE802 3 802 3ab 802 3z 802 3u 802 3x Network Interface Configuration Mode Connector Port 10 100 1000Mbps Gigabit TP NWay TP RuJ 45 1 20 1000Base SX Gigabit Fiber 1000 FDX SFP 21 24 Option 1000Base LX Gigabit Fiber 1000 FDX ae 24 Option 1000Base LX Single Fiber WDM BiDi 1000 FDX e Port 21 24 are TP SFP fiber dual media ports with auto detected function Optional SFP module supports LC or BiDi SC transceiver Transmission Mode 10 100Mbps support full or half duplex 1000Mbps support full duplex only Transmission Speed 10 100 1000Mbps for TP 100 1000Mbps for Fiber Full pone Packet Rate PPS PORE per second Forwarding Rate Speed 1 488 000PPS 1000Mbps 148 800PPS 100Mbps 14 880PPS _10Mbps MAC Address and Self learning 8K MAC address Buffer Memory Embedded 512 KB frame buffer Flow Control IEEE802 3x compliant for full duplex Backpressure flow control for half duplex Cable and Maximum Length Cat 5 UTP cable up to 100m Up to 220 275 500 550m 1000Base SX which depends on Multi Mode Fiber type 1000Base LX Single Mode Fiber up to10 30 50Km 1000Base LX WDM BiDi Single Mode Single Fiber up to 20Km 88 Diagnostic LED System LED Power Per Port LED 10 100 1000M TP Port 1 to 20 LINK ACT SPD 1000M SFP Fiber Port 21 to 24 LINK ACT SPD Power Requirement AC Line Voltage 100 240 V
45. does not meet the criteria for other pre defined path it must be forwarded to a default router on a default path This means any packet with undefined IP address in the routing table will be sent to this device unconditionally Default 192 168 1 254 Management VLAN Show the management VLAN number Password Set a password for this switch Up to 16 characters are allowed in this parameter Any alphanumeric character is acceptable Default admin Inactivity Timeout secs Set the auto logout timer The valid value is 0 60 in the unit of minute and a decimal point is not allowed The value 0 means auto logout timer is disabled Default O 48 4 2 2 Port Configuration Function name Port Configuration Function description Port Configuration is applied for the settings of the ports on the switch By this function you can set or reset the values for Mode and Flow Control Others you could set the power saving mode for switch power consumption Port Configuration Enable Jumbo Frames _ Jumbo Frame support up to 9600 bytes Power Saving Disable TP Ports 1 Down 1000 Full Y E gt M ee A foe A E L 5 Down E 6 Dom Auto Speed E 7 O Dom Auto Speed E 8 100FDX Auto Speed E 9 1000FDX Auto Speed E 10 O Dom Auto Speed A 11 Down Auto Speed A 12 O Dom Auto Speed A 13 Down Auto Speed E 14 O Dom Auto Speed E 15 O Dom Auto Speed
46. e aos nursean aa EEE A EE 86 APPENDIX A TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS ccccccscccccccccccccccccccccccccccces 7 Vl Revision History Release Date Revision Se Aug 29 2012 O A 102 Nov 21 2012 S M 10 Nov 22 2013 S M Caution Circuit devices are sensitive to static electricity which can damage their delicate electronics Dry weather conditions or walking across a carpeted floor may cause you to acquire a static electrical charge To protect your device always e Touch the metal chassis of your computer to ground the static electrical charge before you pick up the circuit device e Pick up the device by holding it on the left and right edges only e lf you need using outdoor device connect to this device with cable then you need to addition an arrester on the cable between outdoor device and this device Fig Addition an arrester between outdoor device and this switch e The switch supports the SFP Vendor includes Manufacture Agilent Avago and Finisa Electronic Emission Notices Federal Communications Commission FCC Statement This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a class A computing device pursuant to Subpart J of part 15 of FCC Rules which are designed to provide reasonable protection against such interference when operated in a commercial environment European Community CE Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive This equipment has been test
47. e details please refer to Section 4 4 1 Configuration Ports LANS LAN Mode LAN Group LAN Isolation Aggregation RSTP IGMP Snooping Mirroring Quality of Service Loop Detection Broadcast Strom Protection SNMP Statistics Overview Detailed Statistics RSTP Status IGMP Status Ping Warm Restart Factory Default Software Upload Contiguration File Transfer Logout System Configuration Emart Cigaba ramet Snitch v1 01 00 40 c7 b4 01 4c 033004000023 36 C 96 8 F 35 C 95 F 12 42 1 03 1 02 192 168 0 210 255 255 255 0 192 168 0 18 0 0 0 0 D secs LL i 8 8 5 Inactivity Timeout 0 6560 10000 Secs i Refresh Fig 4 2 4 1 1 The Information of Page Layout On the top part of the information page it shows the front panel of the switch Linked ports will be displayed in green color and linked off ones will be in black For the optional modules the slots with no module will only show covered plates the other slots with installed modules would present modules The images of modules would depend on the ones you insert Vice versa if ports are disconnected they will show just in black On the left side the main menu tree for web is listed in the page According to the function name in boldface all functions can be divided into three parts including Configuration Monitoring and Maintenance The functions of each folder are described in its corresponded
48. e table below 0x0606 PO Table 3 2 LLC type 1 connectionless service LLC type 2 connection oriented service and LLC type 3 acknowledge connectionless service are three types of LLC frame for all classes of service In Fig 3 2 it shows the format of Service Access Point DSAP SSAP z address field address field NE C D E D E E D CR 5 5 5 S S 3 S S LSB of address Least significant bit Least significant bit of address fields delivered to received from the MAC sublayer VG 0 Individual DSAP fG 1 G D SAP roup ae 0 Command 1 Response XODDDODD OSAP address KOSSSSSS SSAP address MIDDDODOD Reserved for SO definition X1555555 Res rved for S definition Fig 3 3 SAP Format SAP Please refer to IEEE802 2 for more details 3 3 Media Access Control MAC 3 3 1 MAC Addressing Because LAN is composed of many nodes for the data exchanged among these nodes each node must have its own unique address to identify who should send the data or should receive the data In OSI model each layer provides its own mean to identify the unique address in some form for example IP address in network layer The MAC is belonged to Data Link Layer Layer 2 the address is defined to be a 48 bit long and locally unique address Since this type of address is applied only to the Ethernet LAN media access control MAC they are referred to as MAC addresses The first three bytes are Organizational Unique Identifier OUI
49. e will only check the MAC address table to see if the destination VLAN exists If VLAN does not exist then drop the packet and if both DA and VLAN do not exist forwards the packet If just knows VLAN existed then floods the packet to all the ports the VLAN covers If we plan to deploy four VLANs in an office and use a switch to partition them we should check which ports belong to which VLAN first Assuming a 24 port switch is applied 40 Port Members Marketing 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 20 21 22 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Administration 17 18 19 23 24 Table 3 5 Next assigns IP address to each VLAN Usually we use 10 x x x as internal IP block Because there are total four VLANs in the network we must assign 4 IP blocks to each of them NETS VID Network Address Marketing 10 1 2 0 24 10 1 3 0 24 4 Sales 4 10 1 4 0 24 Administration 10 1 1 0 24 Table 3 6 Here we apply the subnet mask 255 255 255 and each VLAN is capable of supporting 254 nodes 4 Operation of Web based Management This chapter would introduce how to manage your Web Smart Switch and how to configure the 10 100 1000Mbps TP Ports and Gigabit SFP Fiber ports on the switch via web user interfaces Web Smart Switch provides 20 fixed Gigabit Ethernet TP ports and 4 optional Gigabit dual media ports With this facility you can easily access and monitor the status like MIBs port activity and multicast traffic through any ports on the switch The
50. ed and found to comply with the protection requirements of European Emission Standard EN55022 EN61000 3 and the Generic European Immunity Standard EN55024 EMC EN55022 2003 CISPR 2 2002 class A IEC61000 4 2 2001 4K V CD 8KV AD IEC61000 4 3 2002 3V m IEC61000 4 4 2001 1KV power line 0 5KV signal line Vill Warning Self demolition on Product is strictly prohibited Damage caused by self demolition will be charged for repairing fees Do not place product at outdoor or sandstorm Before installation please make sure input power supply and product specifications are compatible to each other About this user s manual This user s manual provides instructions on how to install your Web Smart Switch This guide also covers management options and detailed explanation about hardware and software functions Overview of this user s manual E Chapter 1 Introduction describes the features of 24 port Gigabit Web Smart Switch Chapter 2 Installation Chapter 3 Operating Concept and Management Chapter 4 Operation of Web based Management Chapter 5 Maintenance 1 Introduction 1 1 Overview of 24 Port GbE Web Smart Switch The 24 port Gigabit Web Smart Switch is a standard switch that meets all IEEE 802 3 u x z Gigabit Fast Ethernet specifications The switch has 20 10 100 1000Mbps TP ports and 4 Gigabit TP SFP transceiver slots it supports http and SNMP interface for switch m
51. epends on your setting Flow Control You can Just tick the check box M to enable flow control If flow control is set Enable both parties can send PAUSE frame to the transmitting device s if the receiving port is too busy to handle When it is set Disable there will be no flow control in the port It drops the packet if too much to handle Default Disable 50 4 2 3 VLAN Mode Configuration Web Smart Switch supports Port based VLAN and Tag based VLAN 802 1q Its VLAN mode supports 10 active VLANs and the available VLAN ID range is from 1 4094 VLAN configuration is used to divide a LAN into smaller ones With proper configuration you can gain not only improved security and increased performance but also save a lot of VLAN management effort Function name VLAN Mode Setting Function description The VLAN Mode Selection function includes four modes Port based Tag based Metro mode or Disable you can choose one of them by pulling down list and pressing the lt Downward gt arrow key Then click lt Apply gt button the settings will take effect immediately VLAN Mode WWW Portbased v Port based Fig 4 5 Select VLAN Mode Parameter description VLAN Mode Port based Port based VLAN is defined by port Any packet coming in or outgoing from any one port of a port based VLAN will be accepted No filtering criterion applies in port based VLAN The only criterion is the physical port you connect to For example
52. et mask a bigger network can be cut into small pieces of network If we want to have more than two independent networks in a worknet a partition to the network must be performed In this case subnet mask must be applied For different network applications the subnet mask may look like 259 255 255 240 This means it is a small network accommodating a maximum of 15 nodes in the network Default gateway For the routed packet if the destination is not in the routing table all the traffic is put into the device with the designated IP address known as default router Basically it is a routing policy For assigning an IP address to the switch you just have to check what the IP address of the network will be connected with the switch Use the same network address and append your host address to it System Contact Li E Fallback Gateway 192 168 018 Management LAaN Inactivity Timeout 0 60 10000 Secs Fig 2 8 First IP Address as shown in the Fig 2 8 enter 192 168 1 1 for instance For sure an IP address such as 192 168 1 x must be set on your PC Second Subnet Mask as shown in the Fig 2 8 enter 255 255 255 0 Any subnet mask such as 255 255 255 x is allowable in this case 18 2 2 Typical Applications The 24 Port GbE Web Smart Switch implements 24 Gigabit Ethernet TP ports with auto MDIX and four slots for the removable module supporting comprehensive fiber types of connection includi
53. et the device and to retrieve default settings After upgrading software you have to reboot the device to have new configuration take effect The function being discussed here is software reset Function name Warm Restart Function description Reboot the switch Reboot takes the same effect as the RESET button on the front panel of the switch Press lt Yes gt button to confirm warm restart function and it will take around thirty 30 seconds to complete the system boot Warm Restart Are you sure you want to perform a Warm Restart Yes No Fig 4 23 Warm Restart 4 4 2 Factory Default Function name Factory Default Function description Factory Default provides the function to retrieve default settings and replace current configuration Except the IP address setting all settings will be restored to the factory default values when Factory Default function is performed If you want to restore all configurations including the IP address setting to the factory default please press the RESET button on the front panel Note for RESET button You must press the RESET button over 3 seconds to restore the factory default setting Factory Default Are you sure you want to perform a Factory Default es No Fig 4 24 Factory Default 82 4 4 3 Software Upgrade Function name Software Upgrade Function description You can just click Browse button to retrieve the file you want in you
54. f twelve 12 months from date of shipment If a defect in any such media should occur during the effective warranty period the media may be returned to Manufacture then Manufacture will replace the media Manufacture shall not be responsible for the replacement of media if the failure of the media results from accident abuse or misapplication of the media EXCLUSIONS The warranty as mentioned above does not apply to the Software which 1 customer does not comply with the manual instructions offered by Manufacture in installation operation or maintenance 2 Product fails due to damage from unusual external or electrical stress shipment storage accident abuse or misuse 3 Product is used in an extra hazardous environment or activities 4 any serial number on the Product has been removed or defaced or 5 this warranty will be of no effect if the repair is via anyone other than Manufacture or the authorized agents The maximum liability of Manufacture under this warranty is confined to the purchase price of the Product covered by this warranty DISCLAIMER EXCEPT AS PROVIDED ABOVE THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED AS IS AND MANMANUFACTURE AND ITS LICENSORS MAKE NO WARRANTIES EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WITH REPSECT TO THE SOFTWARE AND DOCUMENTAITON MANUFACTURE AND ITS LICENSORS DISCLAIM ALL OTHER WARRANTIES INCLUSIVE OF WITHOUT LIMITATION IMPLIED WARRANTIES OR MERCHANTABILITY FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT FURTHER MANUFACT
55. finition the valid frame must be longer than the slotTime If the length of the frame is less than one slotTime it means there may be a collision happened somewhere or an interface malfunctioned in the LAN When detecting the case the MAC drops the packet and goes back to the ready state 2 Ifthe DA of the received frame exactly matches the physical address that the receiving MAC owns or the multicast address designated to recognize If not discards it and the MAC passes the frame to its client and goes back to the ready state 3 Ifthe frame is too long If yes throws it away and reports frame Too Long 4 Ifthe FCS of the received frame is valid If not for 10M and 100M Ethernet discards the frame For Gigabit Ethernet or higher speed Ethernet MAC has to check one more field i e extra bit field if FCS is invalid If there is any extra bits existed which must meet the specification of IEEE802 3 When both FCS and extra bits are valid the received frame will be accepted otherwise discards the received frame and reports frameCheckError if no extra bits appended or alignmentError if extra bits appended 5 If the length type is valid If not discards the packet and reports lengthError 6 Ifall five procedures above are ok then the MAC treats the frame as good and de assembles the frame What if a VLAN tagging is applied VLAN tagging is a 4 byte long data immediately following the MAC source address When tagged VLAN is a
56. h rating can be total bandwidth types of service of a port with many steps The switch supports by port Ingress and Egress total bandwidth rate control capacity The bandwidth rate resolution is 0 1 Mbps 100Kbps and ranges from 0 to 100Mbps 3 6 Virtual LAN What is a VLAN It is a subset of a LAN Before we discuss VLAN we must understand what LAN is In general a LAN is composed of different physical network segments bridged by switches or bridges which attach to end stations in the same broadcast domain The traffic can reach any station on the same LAN Beyond this domain the traffic cannot go without router s help This also implies that a LAN is limited If you need to communicate with the station outside the LAN a router is needed which always lies on the edge of the LAN For a layer 2 VLAN it assumes it is a logical subset of a physical LAN separated by specific rules such as tag port MAC address and so on In other words they can communicate with each other between separated small physical LANs within a LAN but cannot be between any two separated logical LANs i Mini Frame a 1 ll BACKBONE r re ee r CT ee a ae F T tri a al rd i Y hn i a af F f k is i i pi Ti i i il N 4 ay Pa rd i1 5 i i a Ps F j i 1 ks S i i he ki j i i oa i jl S a j i 7 4 a a i i 7 E i i h j i h a J i T Mae i i s ee i i aN k i i ry
57. he existed filtering database For a specified VLAN when a MAC address is learned by a switch VLAN will use this formation to make forwarding decision Filtering Database Referred to as FID It can provide the information where the packet will be sent to Filtering database will supply the outgoing port according to the request from forwarding process with VID and DA When a packet is received if it has a non zero VID then FID will offer the associated outgoing ports information to the packet In SVL VLANs use the same Filtering Database In IVL VLANs use different FIDs Any VID can be assigned to the same FID by administrator How does a Tagged VLAN work If the ingress filtering is enabled and when a packet is received VLAN bridge will first check if the VID of the packet presents 1 If the packet has a non zero VID VLAN bridge will apply this VID as the VLAN ID of the packet in the network 2 For a packet with null tag or no VLAN tag if VLAN bridge provides rules to decide its VID then apply this VID to the packet If VLAN bridge does not support any rule for VID then apply the PVID of the port to the packet which came from that port VLAN bridge checks to see if the ingress port and the received packet are on the same VLAN If not drops it If yes forwards it to the associated ports Meanwhile this VLAN must be applied to the egress port or the packet will be dropped If ingress filtering is disabled VLAN bridg
58. heck sum computed with DA SA through the end of the data field with the following polynomial bi tt EnA FI a WG G x xF Ki ae xg ee xl leg le x a AIt X xl Itis created by the sending MAC and recalculated by the receiving MAC to check if the packet is damaged or not How does a MAC work The MAC sub layer has two primary jobs to do 1 Receiving and transmitting data When receiving data it parses frame to detect error when transmitting data it performs frame assembly 2 Performing Media access control It prepares the initiation jobs for a frame transmission and makes recovery from transmission failure Frame transmission As Ethernet adopted Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detect CSMA CD it detects if there is any carrier signal from another network device running over the physical medium when a frame is ready for transmission This is referred to as sensing carrier also Listen If there is signal on the medium the MAC defers the traffic to avoid a transmission collision and waits for a random period of time called backoff time then sends the traffic again After the frame is assembled when transmitting the frame the preamble PRE bytes are inserted and sent first then the next Start of frame Delimiter SFD DA SA and through the data field and FCS field in turn The followings summarize what a MAC does before transmitting a frame 1 MAC will assemble the frame Fir
59. hen follow the procedures listed below 1 Setup a physical path between the configured the switch and a PC by a qualified UTP Cat 5 cable with RJ 45 connector Note If PC directly connects to the switch you have to setup the same subnet mask between them But subnet mask may be different for the PC in the remote site Please refer to Fig 2 6 about the 24 Port GbE Web Smart Switch default IP address information 2 Run web browser and follow the menu Please refer to Chapter 4 14 Please enter password to login Direc T Fig 2 7 the Login Screen for Web 2 1 4 IP Address Assignment For IP address configuration there are three parameters needed to be filled in They are IP address Subnet Mask Default Gateway and DNS IP address The address of the network device in the network is used for internetworking communication Its address structure looks is shown in the Fig 2 8 It is classful because it is split into predefined address classes or categories Each class has its own network range between the network identifier and host identifier in the 32 bits address Each IP address comprises two parts network identifier address and host identifier address The former indicates the network where the addressed host resides and the latter indicates the individual host in the network which the address of host refers to And the host identifier must be unique in the same LAN Here the term of IP address we used is
60. ices must be equipped with VLAN optional function At operating speeds above 100 Mbps the slotlime employed at slower speeds is inadequate to accommodate network topologies of the desired physical extent Carrier Extension provides a means by which the slotTime can be increased to a sufficient value for the desired topologies without increasing the minFrameSize parameter as this would have deleterious effects Nondata bits referred to as extension bits are appended to frames that are less than slotTime bits in length so that the resulting transmission is at least one slotTime in duration Carrier Extension can be performed only if the underlying physical layer is capable of sending and receiving symbols that are readily distinguished from data symbols as is the case in most physical layers that use a block encoding decoding scheme The maximum length of the extension is equal to the quantity slotTime minFrameSize The MAC continues to monitor the medium for collisions while it is transmitting extension bits and it will treat any collision that occurs after the threshold slotTime as a late collision 3 5 How does a switch work The switch is a layer 2 Ethernet Switch equipped with 24 Gigabit Ethernet ports and 4 optional modules which support Gigabit Ethernet or 100M Ethernet Each port on it is an independent LAN segment and thus has 24 LAN segments and 26 collision domains contrast to the traditional shared Ethernet HUB in which all
61. ing the switch in operation Power On The switch supports 100 240 VAC 50 60 Hz power supply The power supply will automatically convert the local AC power source to DC power It does not matter whether any connection plugged into the switch or not when power on even modules as well After the power is on all LED indicators will light up and then all off except the power LED still keeps on This represents a reset of the system e Firmware Loading After resetting the bootloader will load the firmware into the memory It will take about 30 seconds after that the switch will flash all the LED once and automatically performs self test and is in ready state 2 1 2 Cabling Requirements To help ensure a successful installation and keep the network performance good please take a care on the cabling requirement Cables with worse specification will render the LAN to work poorly 2 1 2 1 Cabling Requirements for TP Ports gt For Fast Ethernet TP network connection The grade of the cable must be Cat 5 or Cat 5e with a maximum length of 100 meters Gigabit Ethernet TP network connection The grade of the cable must be Cat 5 or Cat 5e with a maximum length of 100 meters Cat 5e is recommended 2 1 2 2 Cabling Requirements for 1000SX LX SFP Module It is more complex and comprehensive contrast to TP cabling in the fiber media Basically there are two categories of fiber multi mode MM and single mode SM The l
62. ion Traffic aggregation is to aggregate the bandwidth of more than one port and treat it as a single port in the LAN This single port possesses the features of a normal port but loading balance This is a great feature for the port needing more bandwidth but cannot afford paying much cost for high bandwidth port 1000Mb s Fig 3 7 How does a switch operate A Layer 2 switch uses some features of the Data Link layer in OSI model to forward the packet to the destination port s Here we introduce some important features of a switch and how they work MAC address table When a packet is received on a port of switch the switch first checks if the packet good or bad and extracts the source MAC address SA and destination MAC address DA to find 1 if SA is existed in the MAC address table if no puts it in the MAC address table if yes 2 looks up DA and its associated port to which the traffic is forwarded If DA does not exist have the packet broadcasted Due to the size of the MAC address limited MAC address aging function is applied When the MAC address has resided and keeps no update in the table for a long time this means the traffic using that entry has yet come for a while If this time period is more than the aging time the entry will be marked invalid The vacancy is now available for other new MAC Both learning and forwarding are the most important functions in a switch Besides that VLAN can be one of the
63. ith multicast packet Rx Error Packets Show the counting number of the received error packets Tx Packets The counting number of the packet transmitted TX Octets Total transmitted bytes Tx High Priority Packets Number of Tx packets classified as high priority Tx Low Priority Packets Number of Tx packets classified as low priority Tx Broadcast Show the counting number of the transmitted broadcast packet Tx Multicast Show the counting number of the transmitted multicast packet Tx Broad and Multicast Show the counting number of the transmitted broadcast with multicast packet Tx Error Packets Show the counting number of the received error packets Rx 64 Bytes Number of 64 byte frames in good and bad packets received Rx 65 127 Bytes Number of 65 126 byte frames in good and bad packets received Rx 128 255 Bytes Number of 127 255 byte frames in good and bad packets received Rx 256 511 Bytes Number of 256 511 byte frames in good and bad packets received Rx 512 1023 Bytes Number of 512 1023 byte frames in good and bad packets received Rx 1024 Bytes Number of 1024 max_length byte frames in good and bad packets received Tx 64 Bytes Number of 64 byte frames in good and bad packets transmitted Tx 65 127 Bytes Number of 65 126 byte frames in good and bad packets transmitted Tx 128 255 Bytes Number of 127 255 byte frames in good and bad packets transmitted TX 256 511 Bytes Num
64. l bit of DA is 1s it is a broadcast which means all network device except the sender itself can receive the frame and response 3 3 2 Ethernet Frame Format There are two major forms of Ethernet frame type encapsulation and length encapsulation both of which are categorized as four frame formats 802 3 802 2 SNAP 802 3 802 2 Ethernet Il and Netware 802 3 RAW We will introduce the basic Ethernet frame format defined by the IEEE 802 3 standard required for all MAC implementations It contains seven fields explained below 24 PRE Type Length Pad bit if any i ee ee 46 1500 Table 3 4 Ethernet frame structure Preamble PRE The PRE is 7 byte long with alternating pattern of ones and zeros used to tell the receiving node that a frame is coming and to synchronize the physical receiver with the incoming bit stream The preamble pattern is 10101010 10101010 10101010 10101010 10101010 10101010 10101010 Start of frame delimiter SFD The SFD is one byte long with alternating pattern of ones and zeros ending with two consecutive 1 bits It immediately follows the preamble and uses the last two consecutive 1s bit to indicate that the next bit is the start of the data packet and the left most bit in the left most byte of the destination address The SFD pattern is 10101011 Destination address DA The DA field is used to identify which network device s should receive the packet It is a unique address Please see the
65. logy that transports bi directional full duplex signal over a single fiber simultaneously e Key Features in the Device Qos The switch offers powerful QoS function This function supports 802 1p VLAN tag priority and DSCP on Layer 3 of network framework VLAN Supports Port based VLAN IEEE802 1Q Tag VLAN And supports 24 active VLANs and VLAN ID 1 4094 Port Trunking Allows one or more links to be aggregated together to form a Link Aggregation Group by the static setting Power Saving The Power saving using the ActiPHY Power Management and PerfectReach Power Management two techniques to detect the client idle and cable length automatically and provides the different power It could efficient to save the switch power and reduce the power consumption 1 2 Checklist Before you start installing the switch verify that the package contains the following 24 Port GbE Web Smart Switch Modules optional Mounting Accessory for 19 Rack Shelf This User s Manual in CD ROM AC Power Cord Please notify your sales representative immediately if any of the aforementioned items is missing or damaged 1 3 Features The 24 Port GbE Web Smart Switch a standalone off the shelf switch provides the comprehensive features listed below for users to perform system network administration and efficiently and securely serve your network e Hardware 20 10 100 1000Mbps Auto negotiation Gigabit Ethernet
66. lso RFC 1112 Class E is a class with first 4 MSB set to 1 1 1 1 and is used for IP broadcast According to IANA Internet Assigned Numbers Authority there are three specific IP address blocks reserved and able to be used for extending internal network We call it Private IP address and list below Class A 10 0 0 0 10 255 255 255 Class B 172 16 0 0 172 31 255 255 Class C 192 168 0 0 192 168 255 255 Please refer to RFC 1597 and RFC 1466 for more information Subnet mask It means the sub division of a class based network or a CIDR block The subnet is used to determine how to split an IP address to the network prefix and the host address in bitwise basis It is designed to utilize IP address more efficiently and ease to manage IP network For a class B network 128 1 2 3 it may have a subnet mask 255 255 0 0 in default in which the first two bytes is with all 1s This means more than 60 thousands of nodes in flat IP address will be at the same network Its too large to manage practically Now if we divide it into smaller network by extending network prefix from 16 bits to say 24 bits that s using its third byte to subnet this class B network Now it has a subnet mask 255 255 255 0 in which each bit of the first three bytes is 1 It s now clear that the first two bytes is used to identify the class B network the third byte is used to identify the subnet within this class B network and of course the last byte is the host
67. me local area network Every port can access each other See Fig 2 2 gt a a ie Fig 2 2 No VLAN Configuration Diagram lf VLAN is enabled and configured each node in the network that can communicate each other directly is bounded in the same VLAN area Here VLAN area is defined by what VLAN you are using The switch supports both port based VLAN and tag based VLAN They are different in practical deployment especially in physical location The following diagram shows how it works and what the difference they are Case2a Port based VLAN See Fig 2 3 Fig 2 3 Port based VLAN Diagram 1 The same VLAN members could not be in different switches 2 Every VLAN members could not access VLAN members each other 3 The switch manager has to assign different names for each VLAN groups at one switch Case 2b Port based VLAN See Fig 2 4 i ia dl race ees es aS Nels al Sais ee ee oe 1 j f i i i je M MM M M ii j a E se gt AS SEE T N peo VLAN 1 VLAN 2 VLAN 3 Fig 2 4 Port based VLAN Diagram VLAN1 members could not access VLAN2 VLAN3 and VLAN4 members 2 VLAN2 members could not access VLAN1 and VLAN3 members but they could access VLAN4 members 3 VLAN3 members could not access VLAN1 VLAN2 and VLAN4 4 VLAN4 members could not access VLAN1 and VLAN3 members but they could access VLAN2 members Case3
68. ng LC and BiDi LC SFP modules For more details on the specification of the switch please refer to Appendix A The switch is suitable for the following applications Central Site Remote site application is used in carrier or ISP See Fig 2 10 Peer to peer application is used in two remote offices See Fig 2 11 Office network See Fig 2 12 fibe l Fiker Ogie mm or sm fiber Managed Media Converter i EP T ra Copper Twisted pair Links i TE _ eP ep 6P AP AP Fiber Optic Links SE i SS L a aa Fig 2 10 Network Connection between Remote Site and Central Site Fig 2 10 is a system wide basic reference connection diagram This diagram demonstrates how the switch connects with other network devices and hosts Fig 2 12 Office Network Connection 20 3 Basic Concept and Management This chapter will tell you the basic concept of features to manage this switch and how they work 3 1 What s the Ethernet Ethernet originated and was implemented at Xerox in Palo Alto CA in 1973 and was successfully commercialized by Digital Equipment Corporation DEC Intel and Xerox DIX in 1980 In 1992 Grand Junction Networks unveiled a new high speed Ethernet with the same characteristic of the original Ethernet but operated at 100Mbps called Fast Ethernet now This means Fast Ethernet inherits the same frame format CSMA CD software interface In 1998 Gigabit Ethernet was rolled o
69. number 16 Not all IP address is available in the sub netted network Two special addresses are reserved They are the addresses with all zero s and all one s host number For example an IP address 128 1 2 128 what IP address reserved will be looked like All Os mean the network itself and all 1s mean IP broadcast Network Subnet All Os 128 1 2 128 All 1s 128 1 2 255 1 111111 In this diagram you can see the subnet mask with 25 bit long 255 255 255 128 contains 126 members in the sub netted network Another is that the length of network prefix equals the number of the bit with 1s in that subnet mask With this you can easily count the number of IP addresses matched The following table shows the result U No of IP matched No of Addressable refix Length lt Q NO om OW O 0 0 Oo ice ON 09 ON J O N O1 _ NO OO _ NO ON 4 4 J N Nn m Cc ON oe Eas TO O O 0 6 O O KO O I J 32768 65536 O Table 2 3 According to the scheme above a subnet mask 255 255 255 0 will partition a network with the class C It means there will have a maximum of 254 effective nodes existed in this sub netted network and is considered a physical network in an autonomous network So it owns a network IP address which may looks like 168 1 2 0 With the subn
70. ny types of VLAN applied Most popular is port based VLAN tag based VLAN and protocol based VLAN Port based VLAN Some physical ports are configured as members of a VLAN All stations attached on these ports can communicate with each other Tag based VLAN It identifies the membership by VLAN ID no matter where the packet comes from It is also referred to as 802 1Q VLAN Protocol based VLAN It identifies the VLAN membership by layer 3 protocol types for example IPX Appletalk IP etc Other VLAN technologies not mentioned above are MAC based VLAN IP based VLAN and so on Terminology Tagged Frame A frame carrying a tag field following the source MAC address is four bytes long and contains VLAN protocol ID and tag control information composed of user priority Canonical Format Indicator CFI and optional VLAN identifier VID Normally the maximal length of a tagged frame is 1522 bytes 802 1Q VLAN tagged Ethernet frame 6 2 2 2 6 DA SA VLAN Protocol Tag Control Length ID Information Type VLAN Protocol ID T F 0x8100 User Priority CFI VLAN identifier Fig 3 10 Tag Format VLAN Protocol ID 8100 is reserved for VLAN tagged frame User Priority 3 bits long User priority is defined to 7 0 0 is the lowest priority CFI Canonical Format Indicator 1 bit long It is used to encapsulate a token ring packet to let it travel across the Ethernet Usually it is set to 0 VLAN ID 12 bits long 0 me
71. on taken from Layer 2 to Layer 3 Built in web based management instead of using CLI interface providing a more convenient GUI for the user 1 4 View of 24 Port GbE Web Smart Switch Fig 1 1 Full View of 24 PORT GbE WEB SMART SWITCH 1 4 1 User Interfaces on the Front Panel Button LEDs and Plugs There are 24 TP Gigabit Ethernet ports and 4 SFP fiber ports for optional removable modules on the front panel of the switch LED display area locating on the left side of the panel contains a Power LED which indicates the power status and 24 ports working status of the switch Mode System 10 100 1000 100 1G SFP LED LED BASE T RJ 45 ports Combo ports TP Port combo port Mode Button status LEDs Status LEDs Fig 1 2 Front View of 24 PORT GbE WEB SMART Switch e LED Indicators LED Color Function System LED POWER Lit when 3 3V power is coming up 10 100 1000Ethernet TP Port 1 to 20 LED LINK ACT Giger Lit when connection with remote device is good Blinks when any traffic is present Lit Green when TP link on 1000Mbps speed Lit Yellow when TP link on 10 100Mbps speed Off when no link occur 1000SX LX Gigabit Fiber Port 21 22 23 24 LED LINK ACT Grein Lit when SFP connection with remote device is good Blinks when any traffic is present Green Lit Green when SFP link on 1000Mbps speed SPD ol Lit Yellow when SFP link on 100Mbps speed Off when no link occur Table1 1 1 4 2 User Interfaces on the Rear Panel AC p
72. oth symmetric flow control and asymmetric flow control are supported Asymmetric flow control only allows transmitting PAUSE frame in one way from one side the other side is not but receipt and discard the flow control information Symmetric flow control allows both two ports to transmit PASUE frames each other simultaneously Inter frame Gap time After the end of a transmission if a network node is ready to transmit data out and if there is no carrier signal on the medium at that time the device will wait for a period of time known as an inter frame gap time to have the medium clear and stabilized as well as to have the jobs ready such as adjusting buffer counter updating counter and so on in the receiver site Once the inter frame gap time expires after the de assertion of carrier sense the MAC transmits data In IEEE802 3 specification this is 96 bit time or more Collision Collision happens only in half duplex operation When two or more network nodes transmit frames at approximately the same time a collision always occurs and interferes with each other This results the carrier signal distorted and un discriminated MAC can afford detecting through the physical layer the distortion of the carrier signal When a collision is detected during a frame transmission the transmission will not stop immediately but instead continues transmitting until the rest bits specified by jamSize are completely transmitted This guarantees the dur
73. ower socket Fig 1 3 Rear View of 24 PORT GBE WEB SMART SWITCH 1 5 View of the Optional Modules In the switch Port 21 24 include two types of media TP and SFP Fiber LC BiDi SC they support 10 100 1000Mbps TP or 1000Mbps SFP Fiber with auto detected function 1000Mbps SFP Fiber transceiver is used for high speed connection expansion nine optional SFP types provided for the switch are listed below 1000Mbps LC MM SFP Fiber transceiver SFP LC 1000Mbps LC SM 10km SFP Fiber transceiver SFP LC S10 1000Mbps LC SM 30km SFP Fiber transceiver SFP LC S30 1000Mbps LC SM 50km SFP Fiber transceiver SFP LC S50 1000Mbps BiDi SC SM 20km 1310nm SFP Fiber WDM transceiver SFP BS3 S20 1000Mbps BiDi SC SM 20km 1550nm SFP Fiber WDM transceiver SFP BS5 S20 PS The other spec is available upon request Fig 1 4 Front View of 1000Base SX LX LC SFP Fiber Transceiver Fig 1 5 Front View of 1000Base LX BiDi SC SFP Fiber Transceiver 2 Installation 2 1 Starting 24 Port GbE Web Smart Switch Up This section will give users a quick start for Hardware and Cable Installation Management Station Installation Software booting and configuration 2 1 1 Hardware and Cable Installation At the beginning please do first Wear a grounding device to avoid the damage from electrostatic discharge gt Be sure that power switch is OFF before you insert the power cord to power sour
74. p CONFLSULOIION asean En E A E EEEE OE R 52 4 2 5 VLAN Port Isolation CONfi Quration cccccccccssccccccccccccesesscccceeeeasssesecccesseeaaaaaseees 56 A LO A COTE DOL Oesen EREE E E RR 57 De Fd GIVER SNOOP ILS oeiee i os cert es atte AN AEA ETENE A 58 2S MUTONO CON FOUL AIION roprisr sie vusuiicacdunnausdetroaradaass EERE E 60 P D SNM re EE taut macunsenoss ees tasdasn i aubeted TEO 61 B21 OO OD LI CLC CLION peere i E EE E A a 63 4 2 11 Broadcast Strom Protection se ssaweesiwrcacaneaeecidorasavsegubitedtaaduariaceeevaiseadiaeedientamdarges 65 4 2 12 QoS Quality of Service Configuration ccccccccccccc cs eeeesecceceecaaaeeeeceeeeeaaaeeeees 67 Ae NIONITORING osipi T E OE E A 71 e321 MANS UCS MOV CLVICW eeii ea A R EEA eeeeenee aa Tz d 2 Detailed SIQUMSTICS ciecusxsancasscerisesan cag sepsanclaasaacunaeeaakar aia Geeeaee EE 73 Ia TOMP OOS ceps nit 76 DD E A 1 E E E A TE ONA NE Bends A E E SA 78 AA MAINTENANCE sarran nera EANES 80 akls WORE SOF EREA E E ENEE T E E O wuceeneesmaenaels 8l Aa TATO DTS AUT Torre Eaa EEEE EE A EEN 82 Aer OWAE U PE TOL OaE Oe TEE EO T EEOAE 83 A424 Con OUTAHON FUE Trans erreien EE EEOAE ENEN 84 ee AADC OUT ic ve tretva saad E E ec Cetus aad Ga ane Re a 55 Se MAINTENANCE ea cba avcd eae aae sacl aaa satu ovat ccackwudeseedecaecseneanessvetiveucasssneivesas 86 5 1 RESOLVING NO LINK CONDITION ceccsccecceccsccccescenccsccsccscescescescetscuscuscescescens 86 ey ON SE santa kateb oaaa O S EI ein
75. pplied the Ethernet frame structure will have a little change shown as follows Only two fields VLAN ID and Tag control information are different in comparison with the basic Ethernet frame The rest fields are the same The first two bytes is VLAN type ID with the value of 0x8100 indicating the received frame is tagged VLAN and the next two bytes are Tag Control Information TCI used to provide user priority and VLAN ID which are explained respectively in 30 the following table Bits 15 13 User Priority 7 0 0 is lowest priority CFI Canonical Format Indicator 1 RIF field is present in the tag header 0 No RIF field is present VID VLAN Identifier 0x000 Null VID No VID is present and only user priority is present 0x001 Default VID OxFFF Reserved Table 3 5 Note RIF is used in Token Ring network to provide source routing and comprises two fields Routing Control and Route Descriptor When MAC parses the received frame and finds a reserved special value 0x8100 at the location of the Length Type field of the normal non VLAN frame it will interpret the received frame as a tagged VLAN frame If this happens in a switch the MAC will forward it according to its priority and egress rule to all the ports that is associated with that VID If it happens in a network interface card MAC will deprive of the tag header and process it in the same way as a basic normal frame For a VLAN enabled LAN all involved dev
76. protected under copyright laws Manufacture and or its licensors retain all title and ownership in both the Software and its related documentation including any revisions made by Manufacture The copyright notice must be reproduced and included with any copy of any portion of the Software or related documentation Except as expressly authorized above Licensee shall not copy or transfer the Software or related documentation in whole or in part Licensee also shall not modify translate decompile disassemble use for any competitive analysis reverse compile or reverse assemble all or any portion of the Software related documentation or any copy The Software and related documentation embody Manufacture s confidential and proprietary intellectual property Licensee is not allowed to disclose the Software or any information about the operation design performance or implementation of the Software and related documentation that is confidential to Manufacture to any third party Software and related documentation may be delivered to you subject to export authorization required by governments of Taiwan and other countries You agree that you will not export or re export any Software or related documentation without the proper export licenses required by the governments of affected countries LIMITED SOFTWARE WARRANTY Manufacture warrants that any media on which the Software is recorded will be free from defects in materials under normal use for a period o
77. r system to upgrade your switch Software Upload o Upload Fig 4 25 Software Upgrade 4 4 4 Configuration File Transfer Function name Configuration File Transfer Function description You can backup your switch s configuration file into your computer folder in case accident happens In addition uploading backup configuration file into a new or a crashed switch can save much time and avoid mistakes Configuration Upload oo oo Upload Configuration Download Download Fig 4 26 Configuration Upload Download 84 4 4 5 Logout In addition to auto logout function we just mentioned in system configuration section the switch also allows administrators to logout manually by Logout function Function name Logout Function description The switch allows you to logout the system to prevent other users from the system without the permission If you do not logout and exit the browser the switch will automatically have you logout Besides this manually logout and implicit logout you can set up the parameter of Auto Logout Timer in system configuration function to explicitly ON OFF this logout function Warm Restart Factory Default Software Upgrade como File Transfer Fig 4 27 Parameter description Auto Manual Logout If no action and no key is stroke as well in any function screen more than the minutes you set up in Auto Logout Timer the switch will have you logout automatically Or pres
78. rding E F 19 Forwarding E F 20 Forwarding E F 21 Forwarding E E 22 Forwarding E F 23 Forwarding E E 24 Forwarding E F Fig 4 14 Loop Detection Configuration Parameter description Port Local port number State Show the status on the port Protocol Enabled Controls whether Loop Detection is enabled on this switch port When Port No is chosen and enable port s Loop detection the port can detect loop happens and port will be Locked If Loop did not happen port maintains Unlocked Unlock port When ticking the port port locked will be opened and turned into unlocked If not ticking the port Port maintains locked 64 4 2 11 Broadcast Strom Protection Function name Broadcast Strom Protection configuration Function description When the broadcast packets received by the switch exceed the threshold configured the port will be blocked for a period of time which can be set After a configured time the switch will detect whether the broadcast packets received on the port still exceed the threshold If the broadcast traffic is still higher than the port will be closed for a period of time again If the broadcast traffic is under the threshold the port will re open and forward the packets normally Broadcast Strom Protection Enabled 7 Packet Per 1000000 Seco Unlock Time 300 Ki Protocol Orra F El Forwarding i Forwarding Forwarding Forwarding Forwarding Forwarding Fo
79. rward all tagged and untagged packets Tagged Only Forward tagged packets only and discard untagged packets Pvid This PVID range will be 1 4094 Before you set a number x as PVID you have to create a Tag based VLAN with VID x For example if port x receives an untagged packet the switch will apply the PVID assume as VID y of port x to tag this packet the packet then will be forwarded as the tagged packet with VID Function name Port Based VLAN Configuration Port based VLAN mode Function description It shows the information of VLAN Groups and allows administrators to maintain them by modifying and deleting each VLAN group User also can add a new VLAN group by inputting a new VLAN name and VLAN ID If you are in port based VLAN it will just show the ID gt Member of the existed port based VLAN group If you are in tag based VLAN it will show the ID gt VID Member of the existed tag based VLAN group The switch can store the configuration of port based VLAN and tag based VLAN separately When you choose one of VLAN mode the switch will bring you the responded VLAN configuration which keeps the default data You can easily create and delete a VLAN group by pressing lt Add gt and lt Delete gt function buttons or click the Group ID directly to edit it Port Based VLAN Configuration Add a VLAN m Add VLAN Configuration List ID Member 1 1 2 35 4 5 6 7 3 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
80. rwarding Forwarding D oN a AA WM Forwarding 10 Forwarding 11 Forwarding 12 Forwarding 13 Forwarding 14 Forwarding 15 Forwarding 16 Forwarding 17 Forwarding 18 Forwarding 19 Forwarding 20 Forwarding 21 Forwarding 22 Forwarding 23 Forwarding 24 Forwarding Fig 4 15 Rate Limit Configuration FIGS FFG FFF FFF FF Fo o o o SIGS SG FFF Fe FF FF FF Parameter description Mode Controls whether Broadcast Strom Protection is enabled as a whole Packet Per Second It is a threshold When the broadcast packet traffic in a second is higher than the threshold configured the Broadcast Strom Protection enable Unlock Time The period in seconds for which a port will be kept disabled in the event of a loop is detected and the port action is to shut down the port State Show the status on the port Protocol Enabled Controls whether Broadcast Strom Protection is enabled on this switch port Unlock port When ticking the port port locked will be opened and turned into unlocked If not ticking the port Port maintains locked 66 4 2 12 QoS Quality of Service Configuration The switch offers powerful QoS function This function supports VLAN tagged priority that can make precedence of 8 priorities and DSCP Differentiated Services Code Point on Layer 3 of network framework QoS Configuration QoS Mode SET Fig 4 16 QoS Configuration Function name QoS Configuration Function description
81. s the lt Logout gt button in Logout function to exit the system manually 5 Maintenance 5 1 Resolving No Link Condition The possible causes for a no link LED status are as follows The attached device is not powered on The cable may not be the correct type or is faulty The installed building premise cable is faulty The port may be faulty 5 2 Q amp A 1 Computer A can connect to Computer B but cannot connect to Computer C through the 24 Port GbE Web Smart Switch v The network device of Computer C may fail to work Please check the link act status of Computer C on the LED indicator Try another network device on this connection v The network configuration of Computer C may be something wrong Please verify the network configuration on Computer C 2 The uplink connection function fails to work v The connection ports on another must be connection ports Please check if connection ports are used on that 24 Port GbE Web Smart Switch v Please check the uplink setup of the 24 Port GbE Web Smart Switch to verify the uplink function is enabled 3 The console interface cannot appear on the console port connection v 24 Port GbE Web Smart Switch has no console port so you cannot use console interface to connect with 24 Port GbE Web Smart Switch 4 How to configure the 24 Port GbE Web Smart Switch v User can use IE browser program in window series of computer to control the web smart functions in 24 Port G
82. same collision domain the carrier signal needs to spend time to travel to reach the targeted device For two most distant devices in the same collision domain when one sends the frame first and the second sends the frame in worst case just before the frame from the first device arrives The collision happens and will be detected by the second device immediately Because of the medium delay this corrupted signal needs to spend some time to propagate back to the first device The maximum time to detect a collision is approximately twice the signal propagation time between the two most distant devices This maximum time is traded off by the collision recovery time and the diameter of the LAN In the original 802 3 specification Ethernet operates in half duplex only Under this condition when in 10Mbps LAN it s 2500 meters in 100Mbps LAN it s approximately 200 meters and in 1000Mbps 200 meters According to the theory it should be 20 meters But it s not practical so the LAN diameter is kept by using to increase the minimum frame size with a variable length non data extension bit field which is removed at the receiving MAC The following tables are the frame format suitable for 10M 100M and 1000M Ethernet and some parameter values that shall be applied to all of these three types of Ethernet Actually the practice Gigabit Ethernet chips do not feature this so far They all have their chips supported full duplex mode only as well as all
83. section respectively As to the function names in normal type are the sub functions When clicking it the function is performed The following list is the main function tree for web user interface Configuration Monitoring Maintenance 44 4 2 Configuration Configuration includes the following functions System Configuration Ports Configuration VLAN Mode Configuration VLAN Group Configuration Aggregation RSTP IGMP Snooping Mirror QoS Loop Detection Broadcast Strom Protection and SNMP Configuration System Information Ports Configuration VLAN Mode Configuration VLAN Group Configuration VLAN Isolation Aggregation RSTP IGMP Snooping Mirroring SNMP Loop Detection Broadcast Strom Protection Qos 4 2 1 System Information System configuration is one of the most important functions Without a proper setting network administrator would not be able to manage the device The switch supports manual IP address setting System Configuration 24 Port 10 100 1000 Mbps Web Smart Gigabit Ethernet Switches Firmware Yersion wi1 1 7 System Description Hardware Version 1 01 MAC Address 00 40 c 7 b4 01 4c Serial Number 033004000023 Temperature 367C 96 8 F Z 35 C 95 RF Yoltage 12 42 1 03 1 02 Active IP Address 197 168 0 210 Active Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 Active Gateway 192 168 0 18 DHCP Server 0 0 0 0 Lease Time Left Device Name oy ae CB System Contact
84. st the preamble and Start of Frame delimiter will be put in the fields of PRE and SFD followed DA SA tag ID if tagged VLAN is applied Ethertype or the value of the data length and payload data field and finally put the FCS data in order into the responded fields Listen if there is any traffic running over the medium If yes wait If the medium is quiet and no longer senses any carrier the MAC waits for a period of time i e inter frame gap time to have the MAC ready with enough time and then start transmitting the frame During the transmission MAC keeps monitoring the status of the medium If no collision happens until the end of the frame it transmits successfully If there is a collision happened the MAC will send the patterned jamming bit to guarantee the collision event propagated to all involved network devices then wait for a random period of time i e back off time When backoff time expires the MAC goes back to the beginning state and attempts to transmit again After a collision happens MAC increases the transmission attempts If the count of the transmission attempt reaches 16 times the frame in MAC s queue will be discarded 26 Ethernet MAC transmits frames in half duplex and full duplex ways In half duplex operation mode the MAC can either transmit or receive frame at a moment but cannot do both jobs at the same time As the transmission of a MAC frame with the half duplex operation exists only in the
85. t is used to make the tagging and forwarding decision on an outgoing port It specifies the VLANs whose packets can be transmitted out and specifies if the packet should be tagged or not It can be configured for port s VLAN membership and tagged or untagged for a transmitted packet When a packet is transmitted out the VLAN bridge checks the port s egress list If the VLAN of the packet is on the egress list of the port on which the packet transmits out the packet will be transmitted with the priority accordingly If enabled an egress port will transmit out a tagged packet if the port is connected to a 802 1Q compliant device lf an egress port is connected to a non 802 1Q device or an end station VLAN bridge must transmit out an untagged packet i e the tag has been stripped off in an egress port Egress rule can be set by per port Independent VLAN Learning IVL It specifies the mode how to learn MAC address For a specified VLAN it will use an independent filtering database FID to learn or look up the membership information of the VLAN and decide where to go Shared VLAN Learning SVL It specifies the mode how to learn MAC address In this mode some VLAN or all VLANs use the same filtering database storing the membership information of the VLAN to learn or look up the membership information of the VLAN In 24 Port GbE Web Smart Switch you can choose a VID for sharing filtering database in Shared VID field if you wish to use t
86. the logical port can aggregate the bandwidth of these ports This means you can apply your current Ethernet equipment to build the bandwidth aggregation For example if three Fast Ethernet ports are aggregated into a logical port then this logical port s bandwidth would be as three times high as a single Fast Ethernet ports Function name Aggregation Configuration Function description Display the current setup of Aggregation Trunking With this function user is allowed to add a new trunking group or modify the members of an existed trunking group Aggregation Trunking Configuration Group Port 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 Normal HHHHHHHHHHHHHHH HHH Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 Group 4 Group 5 Group 6 Group 7 Group 6 Fig 4 10 Aggregation Trunking Configuration Parameter description Normal Set up the ports that do not join any aggregation trunking group Group 1 8 Group the ports you choose together Up to 12 ports can be selected for each group 4 2 7 IGMP Snooping Function name IGMP Snooping Configuration Function description IGMP Snooping lets administrators configure a switch to constrain multicast traffic by listening to Internet Group Management Protocol IGMP After finishing the settings please press lt Apply gt button to start up the function IGMP Configuration A in ae sham she 7P aF 9 O 10 O 11 O 12 O 13 O 14 O 15 O 16 O 17 O 183 O 19
87. to see if the destination ports are members of the same VLAN If both are members of the tagged VLAN then the packet will be forwarded If the packet is an untagged or a null tag packet the ingress port s PVID is applied to the packet VLAN bridge will then look up the MAC address table and determine to which ports the packet should be forwarded Next it will check to see if the destination ports belong to the same VLAN with that PVID If the destination ports are members of the VLAN used by ingress port the packet will be forwarded Note VID cannot be 0 or 4095 Ingress Rule Each packet received by a VLAN aware bridge will be classified to a VLAN The classification rule is described as follows 1 If the VID of the packet is null VID VID 0 or this packet is an untagged packet a If there are still some other ways e g protocol MAC address application IP subnet etc to classify the incoming packets beside port based classification in implement and these approaches can offer non zero VID then use the value of VID offered by other classifications for VLAN s classification b If there is only port based classification in implement or other classification approaches cannot offer non zero VID for the incoming packets then assign the PVID to the incoming packets as VID for the classification of the VLAN group 2 If the VID is not a null VID VID40O then use the value to classify the VLAN group Egress Rule An egress lis
88. tus In Fig 4 22 the window shows the ping information Ping Parameters Ping Results Target IP address 0 0 0 0 a Received replies o Request timeouts Average Response Time in ms Refresh Fig 4 22 Ping Parameter description Ping Parameters Target IP address Set up a Target IP address to ping Count Use drop down menu to set number of echo requests to send Four type of number can choose there are 1 5 10 and 20 Default 1 Time Out in secs Use drop down menu to set number of echo requests time out in second Four type numbers can choose there are 1 5 10 and 20 Default 1 NOTE All the functions should press lt Apply gt button to start up after you set up the parameters Ping Results Target IP address 78 Show the active target IP address Status Show the result of the ping status Received replies Show the received replies number of times Request timeouts Show the timeout of request Average Response times In ms Show the average response time in milliseconds 4 4 Maintenance There are five functions contained in the maintenance function Maintenance Warm Restart Factory Default Software Upgrade Configuration File Transfer Logout 80 4 4 1 Warm Restart Web Smart Switch offers many approaches to reboot your switch such as power up hardware reset and software reset You can press RESET button in the front panel of your switch to res
89. ty or All High Priority Port Number When Custom is selected for Prioritize Traffic you may assign specific Port Number for DSCP Configuration DSCP Configuration 64 kinds of priority traffic as mentioned above user can set up any of Queue low normal medium high In default Priority O 63 are mapping to Queue high 70 4 3 Monitoring There are six functions contained in the monitoring function Monitoring Statistics Overview Detailed Statistics IGMP Status Ping 4 3 1 Statistics Overview Function name Statistics Overview for all ports Function description The section describes to the Port statistics information and provides overview of general traffic statistics for all switch ports Statistics Overview for all ports Pot Tx Bytes Tx Frames RX Bytes RX Frames TxErrors Rx Errors 1 12346567 95607 20702103 143249 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 14 0 0 0 0 0 0 15 0 0 0 0 0 0 16 0 0 0 0 0 0 17 0 0 0 0 0 0 18 0 0 0 0 0 0 19 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 21 0 0 0 0 0 0 22 0 0 0 0 0 0 23 0 0 0 0 0 0 24 0 0 0 0 0 0 Fig 4 19 Statistics Overview for all ports Parameter description Tx Rx Bytes The number of received and transmitted bytes per port Tx Rx Frames The number of received and transmitted frames per port Tx Rx Errors
90. ust meet the requirement of minimum inter frame gap between successive frames and frame format the same as that in the half duplex operation Because no collision will happen in full duplex operation for sure there is no mechanism to tell all the involved devices What will it be if receiving device is busy and a frame is coming at the same time Can it use backpressure to tell the source device A function flow control is introduced in the full duplex operation 28 3 4 Flow Control Flow control is a mechanism to tell the source device stopping sending frame for a specified period of time designated by target device until the PAUSE time expires This is accomplished by sending a PAUSE frame from target device to source device When the target is not busy and the PAUSE time is expired it will send another PAUSE frame with zero time to wait to source device After the source device receives the PAUSE frame it will again transmit frames immediately PAUSE frame is identical in the form of the MAC frame with a pause time value and with a special destination MAC address 01 80 C2 00 00 01 As per the specification PAUSE operation cannot be used to inhibit the transmission of MAC control frame Normally in 10Mbps and 100Mbps Ethernet only symmetric flow control is supported However some switches e g 24 Port GbE Web Smart Switch support not only symmetric but asymmetric flow controls for the special application In Gigabit Ethernet b
91. ut and provided 1000Mbps Now 10G s Ethernet is under approving Although these Ethernet have different speed they still use the same basic functions So they are compatible in software and can connect each other almost without limitation The transmission media may be the only problem Application Presentation Session Upper layer protocols Transport Network ae MAC client IEEE 802 specific Data link Media Access MAC IEEE 802 3 specific Physical Physical PH Media spacific Fig 3 1 IEEE 802 3 reference model vs OSI reference mode In Fig 3 1 we can see that Ethernet locates at the Data Link layer and Physical layer and comprises three portions including logical link control LLC media access control MAC and physical layer The first two comprises Data link layer which performs splitting data into frame for transmitting receiving acknowledge frame error checking and re transmitting when not received correctly as well as provides an error free channel upward to network layer Coaxial STP UTP Fiber This above diagram shows the Ethernet architecture LLC sub layer and MAC sub layer which are responded to the Data Link layer and transceivers which are responded to the Physical layer in OSI model In this section we are mainly describing the MAC sub layer 3 2 Logical Link Control LLC Data link layer is composed of both the sub layers of MAC and MAC client Here MAC client may be logical link control or

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