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Windows Workplace (Pro V4.1) User Manual

1. To use this function first click Model gt Create Velocity Model New Frame and then in the dialogue box Create new Model click the button Fron ACES gt the opened dialogue box Surfaces click the button Add File gt surface is going to be loaded from the file into the Tesseral Pro project see figure below 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation After you have selected the files with surfaces the dialogue box Choose mapping method will appear and then the dialogue box Calculate Tsolines will appear for adjusting the parameters of the isoline image Repeat these steps to add more layers When all the needed surfaces are loaded press the button Next gt NOTE You may select several surfaces ata time in the Add File 5 In Tesseral Pro the surfaces may be loaded directly from files that have major text formats or may be calculated from stratigraphic well data Please see Section 17 about loading stratigraphic data into the database Section 4 describes the functions for computing surfaces fiom well data In the next dialogue box Profile please specify the profile coordinates manually or draw the profile using the mouse press drag release Technologies User Documentation 2 LENT mu we e me dom In the figure above the Max no of nodes on profile parameter determines the number of nodes atthe
2. 1030 3048 3080 1080 i40 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 159 9 1 8 Load survey from SGY files There is also the option of loading the seismic survey from synthetic seismogram in SGY format Tesi D arver den osa aie neg ordena EE D santa iS radal ioadarvertonss tes Caka Dee Select Load survey from SGY files and press the Select SGY files gt 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 919 3D survey export to SPS files The 3D survey created in the Map frame can be exported into standard SPS format To do this please use the Map Export to SPS menu command Select a source name and the receiver and relation Tiles will be created automatically As the result you will have three SPS files S01 source ROL receivers relati 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 162 9 1 1030 survey export to KML file The 3D survey created in the Map frame can be exported into standard KML format which isthe format used for displaying objects used by Google Maps To do this please use the Map Expert 3D Survey to KML menu command SPSFie Save e Paares Ge Elo VIGSSELEESI ess 2 Polerenco
3. you may select the stratigraphic arrangements and 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation Check Log for automatically filling the polygons with the parameters from well logging creation of thin layered model Preparation for creating a thin layered model The preparation includes selecting curves for the model and adjusting the re caleulation parameters and the well logging data to characterize the pol anisotropy NOTE If Zag is checked then the acoustic logging curves will appear to the right of the well and the parameters for re caleulating these curves are set automatically If the logging curves do not appear it is recommended to go to the dialogue box Log by clicking the corresponding button Properties In the dialogue Log please select the acoustic logging curves DT or acoustic logging from the list of the curves Tor the model s wells For further filling in of the polygon parameters from the logging data for the selected curves please set Specification Compressional Velocity or dT and also Measure unit to usec m in order to calculate the parameters of the polygons from the curves values correctly Technologies User Documentation vem 0 F4 Mm Re tee RS 0 es ms tem pide ipe eoa Er EX e Then
4. 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 10 2Velocity model These procedures process the velocity model 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation an 10 2 1 Average Velocities from Model This is done by the command Run gt Velocity Model gt Average Velocities from Model tte Pene FERRIERE FR meet M se ESE Ex The Input file is the layered velocity model which may be obtained from the Model FramebyticcommandHodel gt Export to Seismic Format SEG Y TGR Sen j Cri ti ITR 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 10 2 2 Depth to Time Time to Depth conversion The command Run gt Velocity Model gt Depth to time transformation transforms migrated sections cubes rom depth domain 1o time domain peg EET NOTE Velocity seismic fils is the layered velocity model which may have been obtained from the Model Frame by the command Model gt Export to Seismic Format SEG TGR please see Section 2 5 7 for details The command Run gt Velocity Model gt Time to Depth Transformation transforms the velocity model from time domain To the depih domain NOTE velocity seismic file is the file of layered model grid in time domain may have been created fom the depth model
5. Beso nat BE PR DE Dorm re mb DIE mr a T 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation The key point for preparing a seismic file for loading is to select the headers cells which correspond to the coordinates of the source and receiver It is possible to allocate the coordinates of the source and the receiver to any cell in the headers by clicking the right mouse button in any cell of the header This information assign some header cells to the coordinates will be saved in the file name of the gather file gt inf and from now on it will be used by the program Proview of all the trace headers enables to look through the trace headers as a set of values without name You may specify the parameter offset to shift the starting point of displaying the headers The trace header may be displayed in two modes Descriptive mode and Dump mode the Descriptive mode only the headers with known names are listed In the Dump mode all headers are listed While looking through the header as a whale the location of words i in the first column the data type is in the 2 column and the values are shown in the third column As different data
6. STEP 3 Create a model Please use the command Map gt Transmit Horizons Model to launch the Wizard for creating a model More detailed information can be found inthe Section STEP 4 Support of thin layering If you would like to fil the polygon s parameters by the well log data you need to load these log curves to the wells in the model Via the dialogue box Polygon Properties the command Model gt Edit Polygon aer you select the Polygon 1 the Polygon Properties dialogue box that apens please select the acoustic log for automatic parameter setting From Log for the polygons created by surfaces The remaining parameters of the Model Frame can be set right now or later via the dialogue box Model gt Model Frame Properties More details can be found in the Section 4 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation M FC s aged tm v mr Cim n H m yl E DE Please sec the results gs En 1 from the select layer surfaces in the document NOTE Choosing the command gt Transmit Horizons to model again when the Model Frame already exists will cause the model to be automatically re built section and profile in the map or 2 from the existing maps of the STEP S Adjust model details can be found in the Section 4
7. Well log curve pression Stretching is proportional 10 the Interpolation along the top and bottom to the Top Down lap The data interpolation will be parallel Technologies User Documentation fo the boundary of polygon 86 Interpolation only along the top Layer Top polygon Data Interpolation Layer Bottom Well log curve polygon Interpolation parallel to the Bottom lap The data interpolation will Be parallel to the Bottom boundary of polygo zT E gt Wells amp Polygons display the parameters of the polygons that were obtained using logs please use the gt Well Log Based Polygon menu command Model Fill Options 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 87 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 5 11 Build model from 2D 3D gathers Tesseral Pro allows building a model by importing velocity models having the Following formats SEG Y SDS PC and TGR A seismic model can be used during building of polygons underlay or a a filling source for the polygons created by velocities NOTE To build a model by gathers iris recommended first to prepare it by the Wizard for building a model From SEISMIC file Please see details in the Section 43 While building the polygons please use the seismic under
8. C 1 2 Mz vm EIN p MAT s Fem roms min Tnm pm m NOTE The Mag Frame does not contain the loaded and calculated surfaces surfaces are saved into a common block in the Tesseral Pro document Map gt Manage Delete Surfaces The Map Frame is used to display any of the loaded calculated surfaces Ir means that in any Map Frame you can show any surface from the common list Deleting a surface from this list will lead to its disappearing from all Map Frames where this surface was shown The commands Map Active Surface Processing rotation displacement and smoothing can also change the Surface data itself not only its display in the Frame To change the palette of the surface please select the Map Frame with the mouse and thea use the command Edit gt Palette or click the Palette button in the Map Propert ies dialogue box Technologies User Documentation Mare ETUR TE Mma Fona The displayed amplitude of the surface cannot be changed scaled down in the Palette dialogue box But it can be changed by using the command gt Active Surface Processing gt Properties m ae fes 9 oer me Here it is also possible to change the models name and the surface type To change the surface itself not only its display please use the c
9. 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 5 10 Build polygons from well logs thin layering Tesseral Pro has the capability of building a thin layered velocity model from well log data particularly using acoustic log NOTE To build a thin layered model from well Tog data itis recommended to sta the process using the Wizard for model creation From database WELLS Please see details in the Section 4 5 STEP 1 Select the acoustic logs Please select the acoustic logs DT or AK in the checkbox near he Log button on the group 10 the let or fight of the well Then click the Log button and in the pop up dialogue box Log select the needed acoustic logs from the list of all well logs loaded ino this model specify the poly parameters from well log data correctly please select Compressional Velocity or dT in the Speci fication parameter list and usec n as Measurement unit parameter for the selected fog co D Wanni Er oum m A ee n a M After that the well logs will be shown near the wells in the model STEP 2 Build polygon The common thick polygons are used for the thin layered models These polygons may be built either manually see Section 5 1 or by any of the automatic methods ee the Section 5 9 and the Section 74 2 7
10. 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 208 capt tara roate catuersistefanipeskino izo netenotobio OTE ve pr xem tm vin s 5 corses 2 Cheap Teana are mon Sare fomsrs e DDr te Oupafe Crest D I you would like to extract the coordinates by line then either specify the X from X to X 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 209 from Y to and Step or draw the profile in the seismic frame Seismic gt Edit Mode gt Draw Profile before accessing the Cut Profile from 3D seismogram for additional information on profiles please see DS The traces can be also extracted according to the target survey geometry Survey from SES file see Section 4 7 or from a text file of traces coordinates Profile from Seismic File coordinates see section 10 1 9 logis User Documentation 10 1 12 Export Profile to 2D Seismic File To export 2D profile from seismic cube first of all load the 3D cube File gt Load Seismic file draw the profile in the seismic frame see 13 5 followed Run gt Seismic Frame gt Export Map to 2D Seismic file reste fem promis Der modei DUPLEX VELOOTY MODEL newest C Tia cond d ope es Sept lengh 35 a 3 C Abra mete
11. The user then needs to specify the Shot Points and the Component for which snapshots need to be generated as well as for which Moments in Time The user can also adjust the default values for the Hash Step for wave field propagations along the X Y and Z axis As a result a SGY file will be generated for each specified shot point and its respective component which will contain a snapshot image of the propagating wavefield at the specified time In order to view the snapshot the generated SGY file needs to be opened in 20 View frame 3D ViewsAdd SEG Y cube In order to achieve the best display the user will need to adjust the visualization parameters in the 30 Xiew Selected object properties window 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation Cube Properses Fee CU nest D Basne angorape method test xam vem 5 am s s 9 Cat ry ibe vais ate m versuum Dein Dao Get La logis User Documentation Typically for an optimum visualization of the wavefield a value 85 95 for the Opacity works best Also reducing the Magnitude within th iso enhance the display of the whole Wave Palette will am 13 11 Prepare seismic files for loading Sometimes for unconventional gathers some preliminary preparation is necessary before loading Most often the problems wit
12. teria 18 Tene SUR E vost countess Sere te Gier ee ROWE Tee cyan mtm CE see Resa Main Parameters Reflecting boundary polygon is for selecting a polygon and a top or bottom Grid Cell size is for specifying the grid size The bigger is the value the Taster is the calculations and the lower is the accuracy of the jar is the maximum deflection angle Hade err angle of is the allowed deviation of the reflection angle from ihe incidence angle 16 allowed deviation of the law of reflection 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation ee ener renes reine En Trace real raypaths is for calculating the actual raypath from the source io the reflector and then back to the receivers ICE eG ep ae 5 Deu ERU D Li EE gt pue Separator account the boundary overlapping Ifthe Boundary is fragmented by the overlapping polygons the calculations for each piece of the boundary are done separately for all receivers and sources and they paths for each compartment will be colored differently Loop Up to 3 reflection raypaths are calculated for each pair of source and 2015 Tesseral Technologi
13. Modd E Tic cena Gid ipe Yes Septy engh 35 Zai 5 Reassign the new grid step along X and Z and click 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 27 10 3Pre Processing These procedures are for preliminary processing 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation E 10 3 1 Gathering The procedure is intended for extracting gathers by the criteria of common shot point common midpoint or common receiver point or oblaining gathers with common offsets The procedure applies for both 2D and 3D gathers Use the command Run gt Pre Processing 2 Gathering GATHER re EE 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 10 4Stack Time domain The procedure is for time domain stacking 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 20 10 4 1 Kinematic corrections Normal Moveout The Normal Moveout procedure applies kinematic corrections to gathers of various iype e g common midpoint gathers common receiver gathers Gathering program and common shot gathers The result is the time domain gathers after correction Use the command Run gt Stack Time domain gt Normal Movecut NMO eerte SES KERNS CE 5 RE amin Sess The average velocity model parameter Velocity file may be created from layered depth velocity model by the command Eun gt Velocity Model gt Average
14. If you like to terminate the computations in one of the nodes please right click that and select Break calculation Ir you mputations in all nodes click STOP Once the computations in all the nodes are completed the computation results located in the folder from which the job was launched 2015 Tesse Technologies User Documentation 2015 Tesseral Technologies ser Documentation 128 8 2D Ray tracing STEP 1 Create a new or select an existing model the command Model gt Create Velocity Model New Frame orEdit gt New Frame gt Model The model must have sources and receivers Model gt Acquisition Geometry STEP 2 Select the polygon for which you would like to run the ray tracing STEP 3 Launch the job by the command Run gt 2D Model Ray Tracing p Suas seri De n Di Deinen Spent cat ebro moe ao m M mm iem ee 8 a Ehe ecrans Beria p 3 Bertone FA FS ins armee aime PR m More information about the ray tracing parameters can be found in the section 8 3 Here is the result of this method 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 129 E mie T In Tesseral Pro the ray tracing calculations can be accumu
15. have different length of words he lower part of the header is shifted automatically Tesseral Pro supports the following data types CHAR 1 byte 127 128 SHORT 2 bytes 32767 32168 LONG 4 bytes 2147483647 2147483648 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 14 Map Frame Tn Tesseal Pro a model can be built from stratigraphic surface maps The model is built automatically as vertical slice citing trough the calculated loaded surfaces vertically along the selected line More information about building models by using stratigraphic surfaces is described below Firstly lers describe the relevant capabilities for loading calculating displaying and processing surfaces 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 14 1 Load surface from text file Tesseral Pro supports loading surface from text files in various formats the command File gt Load Surface File Itis also possible to load grids in the following formats isolines separate points Integral Surfer Schlumberger Triple ZMap Paradigm GeoQuest Landmark and Charisma The user can also generate surfaces on his own by introducing in a text file the XYZ coordinates of the surface in 3 separate columns and then saving the file with an XYZ extension In the standard File Open dialogue box please select the surface file and specify the proper format from the File list for the selected surface file 2015 Te
16. ajg 1 gt 91 5 Change Direction for Shot and Receiver Lines Using the menu command Map survey Modes Moving Shot and Receiver lines you can change the shape Tor Shot and Receiver Lines in order to adjust emo a real Tand topography show this example without obstacles the background picture has been hidden in dialog Frame Map Properties we clicked off Show Picture Receivers were hidden aswell clicked off Map 5how Re Aller the creation of the first 3D surveyeach ShoyReceiver Line has two anchor points which tie a line to its plane position So you can 1 Change the anchor position using the left mouse button click pull release 2 Remove an anchor by double clicking of the left mouse button 3 Add a new anchor click the left mouse button at any shot point The same can be applied for Receiver Lines 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 9 1 6 3D recording patch design First of all you need to specify a recording patch for each shot in Nap Acquisi tion Geometry dialog in the Recording Patch tab see 9 7 2 Inline receivers Group and Crossline receivers group parameters identify the number of nearest Teceivers which will be assigned to the current source You can change a shape of recording patch using mask and apply it for the entire surve
17. Coste Esto Greenish Mano Eau D Camion al rot deu D Choose a name for the output KML files the reference Ellipsoid as well as the zone number As the result 2 KML files will be generated Sources Receivers km logis User Documentation 163 9 1 11 Fold Map Choose the menu command Map Fold Map Create Fold Map Fold Map Fold Map over layered by Shot and Receiver Lines 2015 Tesser Technologies User Documentation showing or recalculating the Fold Map using different bin sizes choose the commandMap Fold Map Shcw Fold Map 9 1 12 Coordinate Reference Systems Options Please note that multiple coordinate reference systems are available in the frame Map and they are based on the following ellipsoids WGS 84 GPS NAD 83 GRS NAD 27 Clarke 1866 ETRS 89 SK 42 Krasovsky PZ 90 GLONASS GSK 201 1 In order for the chosen reference coordinate system to be displayed it is necessary in the Map gt Map Frame Properties gt Project properties toset non zero coordinates for and Northing of Point Le upper right hand corner of the map for the chosen id And also to set a value for the Central M dian of the Project Sat l orto Map Frames rot mes Gi wu el cf cp mi ct liyo charas site rte al map ae Pe p
18. Er Select Load survey from SPS files and press the Select SPS files button pesetas In the next dialog load the SPS files for shots receivers and their relation file Press the button Next gt The dialog with the 3D survey loaded from these SPS files will be displayed Technologies User Documentation 156 You need to input coordinates for the ORIGIN point and the INLINE Length and Azimuth in this dialog This line is needed to make it easier to move and rotate the 3D survey which has been loaded from SPS files It is recommended to use mouse to draw the line on the map click drag release You do not have to be precise with line drawing You can zoom in this picture by pressing the Zoom map button to view it at a bigger scale As soon as you finish loading the SPS files you will be prompted to Acqui sition Geometry dialog The 3D survey Layout and Recording Patch tabs will not be used when you proceed with the Load survey from SPS files option Inthe Survey bearings tab the dimension parameters willbe ignored but the 3D survey geographical parameters are necessary 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 187 poem ES You cun edit survey loaded from SPS files using the commands Mow rotation Hide Show User Documentation So Dee EX Ww SM Mp gene aver On DE POSS SOA FEO EET e NAR EE
19. For offset restrictions use_min Xx Xs and max the specified traces will be processed by DWM the rest will be omitted Please note thatthe specified values can be negative for traces to the left of the source and positive for traces to the right of the source iesheld is used for supressing the shot gathers by particular time interval in order to ie the migration noise associated with the primary reflection wave arrival 2015 Tesse Technologies User Documentation 20 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 10 5 4 20 Converted Duplex Wave Migration Converted Duplex Wave Migration can be applied to PPS PSS and PSP type duplex wave as you ean see in the window And depending on the type of converted duplex waves you may be required to use the X component i e horizontal particle velocity of the synthetic seismograms and also load the 5 Model File remet Wem T mar en ae pue lay I neerabtseey pen ee mh nie tan po APE Bw Ei my gt rome tte men boost po QE cat om eme om Ce Tas i oe Ce p m The user also the option of specifying internal apertures Le between source and receiver This option should be used for the imaging of transmitted converted waves
20. T Seka en Eemo eel sg leeks en d te rium Different data types and diff rent frame types handle the measurement units selected in the project properties in a different way For example the database does not depend on the project and each oil field and even well may have their own measurement units for depths and logging data depending on initially loaded data Each gather could have been created in metric or imperial system but it should correctly loaded into Tesseral Pro Every kind of data can be adjusted to the chosen measurement units by using the appropriate settings and commands in Tesseral Pro The following section describes how to convert various input data into the measurement units you need 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 16 1Model Frame The Velocity and Density parameters determine the output units for velocity and density in the model polygons properties Distance represents the units for model s length width coordinate binding and acquisition geometry If the measurement units are changed in the project the Distance may be re caleulated If parameters Velocity and Density are changed the polygons data display is also changed aus E yann Ed RTS If the model is loaded from other formats File gt Load Model for which the measurement units
21. 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 179 prevevecee ersrreres 180 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation with the same procedure but using the right mouse button from the selected sources to the selected receivers or with Draw rectangle with mouse to select points Then select the rays you want to display in the 3D View Depending on your choice in the left of the dialog you can select rays by sources receivers or reflection points Drag your mouse with the left button pressed to select the sources receivers or reflection points if you want to exclude certain sources receivers or reflection points from the selection deselect them When you click OK the the selected reflection points will be shown x 015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation e Mas Deme Duel do DEEE EEE EEE S 0 jeja If you want to change the color palette choose the 3D View 3D View Frame Propert ies menu command and in the General dialog click the Rays Palette button Se Shen FE Prin 9 3k In the Palette dialog box you can change the color palete 2015 Tesseral Technologie
22. Velocities from Model To obtain time slice of the subsurface image alter Normal Moveout correction use the Stacking procedure 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 10 42 Stacking The procedure Stacking is meant for stacking traces with a common coordinate after the Normal Moveout Before applying the Staking procedure the kinematic correction needs to be applied using the Normal Moveout procedure The command Run gt Stack Time domai gt Stacking STACK is used Rang EE es c Accuracy is the bin size used for stacking common depth point traces 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 10 4 3 CMP Stack This is used for direct creation of time section by common midpoints midpoint stacks without applying the procedures Normal Moveout and Stacking The CMP Stack procedure uses the medium s average velocity parameter Velocity file The command Run gt Stack Time domain gt CMP Stack SUM sud PRTC cal Em The average velocity model may be created from layered depth velocity model by the command Run gt Velocity Model gt Average Velocities from Model The Gradient parameter is for NMO stretch mule 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 10 52D 3D Migration Procedures for the migration of time domain 2D gathers 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 24 10 5 1 Time Pre Stack Kirchhoff Migration T
23. 16A Dar a EE UNS 17 ANNEX2 GEOPHYSICAL DATABASE a Des 172 uses 173 Descnnon ora ano BRIE ER E 17 Dame cman CATON AND COPYING sn 175 156 Drome 18 ANNEX LICENSING POLICY 181 m 182 335 283 Moen Licenses Pr 337 185 Nowom Sem 185 1 Troubleshooting Technologies User Documentation 1 About Tesseral Pro Tesseral Pro is designed for calculating seismic synthetic gathers using finite difference wave equation approximations such as acoustic elastic anisotropic visco elastic and 2D ra tracing approximation by eikonal equation In the Tesseral Pro the depth velocity models can be built from well data geological surface maps or 2D 3D grids Also Tesseral Pro allows building a 3D observation system and performin racing 3D Ray 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 2 Tesseral Pro package download and Installation The latest versions of the Tesseral products can be downloaded from the following links up www tesseral zeo com download en php The setup package for Tesseral Pro can be downloaded via hitp fesseral geo com download tesseral pro setups zi To start the setup process please unzip the file Tesseral pro zetup zip and then run the executable NOTE If you have purchased the Tesseral Pro USE kcy license please do not insert your USB key before finishing the installation T
24. ae 921 Previewing 3D Velocity Model 168 922 Londng the Reflecting Surfoce am 323 3DRoy Tracing simulation am 324 Viewing the luminaton map 15 925 Viewing the roys am 1 Dount oupi sources 30 189 34 Using the same moment tensor for a sources 393 342 Using 20 douple couple sources for 30 modeling 2m 10 PROCESSING OF SEISMIC GATHER 101 196 2011 Copy Gather to SEG Y Format 197 2012 Salt seismogram by Shotgorhers 198 2013 Spit SEG Y Fle into Peces of Limited Sas 399 1014 Merge seismograms 200 2015 cutout Cube Section E 2016 3OReplento 202 2017 SEG Y Fle Resampling E 3018 Difference of 2 Selsmogroms 205 1019 Import Export Traces Coordinates 206 20110 White Visible Coordinates to Trace Header 207 30111 Cut Profile from 3D seismogram 208 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 20142 Export Profile to 20 Seismic Fe 102 23 2021 Average Velociies from Model 2 2022 Depthto Time Timet Depth conversion as 2023 30 interpolation 26 303 PreProcesne E 1031 Gathering 219 10 4 2041 Kinematic corrections Normal Moveout 221 1042 Stacking 22 1043 CMP Stack 105 2051 Time restock Kirchhoff Migration 25 2052 Dept Pre Stack Kirchhoff Migration 26 1053 20 Duplex Wave Migration E 3054 20 Converted Duplex Wove Migration ES 3055 20 Duplex Wave Migration from Scatte
25. 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 4 11 1 Introducing vertical gradients in 3D cubes In addition the user can also introduce horizontal and vertical gradients to any surfaces To introduce a vertical gradient assign Map type Top and Nap type bottom forthe upper and lower surfaces respectively which make up the layer where the gradient is supposed to be introduced This is done in gt Manage Delete Surfaces gt Propertie Man prepa gt Mam 5 mem ame Ael dre Veil E type has been defined assign the gradient value for both the upper and lower surface 670 6 Map type topandMap type bottom intheMap gt Manage Delete Surfaces gt Properties which this will produce the vertical gradient 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation logis User Documentation 4 11 2 Introducing horizontal gradients in 3D cubes A horizontal gradient can only be introduced from surfaces Such surfaces can be easily created by introducing the X Y V coordinates in a text file having the xyz extension These velocity surfaces are loaded like any other regular surfaces File Load Map file and should be assigned Map Parameter inthe Map gt lanage Delete ame amie fcn vewe vinti Mme mai Menem dues dere cant sd Afterwards the
26. STEP 3 Set polygon components from logs eo Log Please select a polygon and then choose the menu command Model gt Edit Polygon the acoustic logs are selected correctly see STEP 1 the From Log checkbox should be enabled for the Compressional velocity component Check this checkbox Erom Log Technologies User Documentation mies NOTE Ir the selection From Log is not enabled s grayed click Select Well Logs to select the correct acoustic logs into the model NOTE After checking the From checkbox and clicking OX the interpolation calculation for the componenis won t start immediately And the From Log component value will overwrite the default value when the calculation starts If the steps above are done correctly you will see the result similar to the figures below To get the second picture you need to delete the upper polygon using Delete Polygon button o Polygon specifics while using well logs The parameters of polygons built from well logs are calculated by interpolating the well log data along the layer There are 3 modes of interpolation 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation RA Stratification uniform com er thickness Layer Top polygon Data interpolation Layer Bottom polygon Interpolation parallel
27. Y and Z medium This modelling be applied to the objects like reefs salt domes different kinds of collapse brealahrough chimneys or steeply inclined faults ete in the areas where an characterization is required Note 2 5 3D 3C Full wave finite difference modelling due to its computational intensity is based on Parallel Options including multi core node GPU solutions allowing to run such simulations in a feasible turnaround time To access this method this method please first create a 3D observation system See 9 1 then Run gt Run 3D modeling 30 20 elastic method for VTI HTI mediums Fort this method the anisotropic parameters of the medium need to be specified Either constant values or seismic cubes for the anisotropic parameters need to be uploaded in the 3D tropic Modeling window Blast allows approximating wave propagation in ccurate 3D reservoir Technologies User Documentation 30 Arbctropic Modeling Es Amcorapi Parameters You can pay ether a constant vai ora seeme for on zero Thorsen pronctes sbn E E Curent riens PT pra pri so bots rand dona canbe ether Dar D nmh w cones o access this method please create a 3D observation system first see 9 7 then Run Run 3D modeling EL 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation n2 Haskell Thomson is a 20 30 modelling method that is str
28. density select the curve corresponding to the component of the and then select the units of IL is also recommended to set the well altitude Elevation correctly The Technologies User Documentation directionality of log data is not used for creating horizontally layered models However it will not be enough to have only altitudes for conventionally vertical wells Tn the next dialogue box Sect ion specify the length and the model s depth range In the last dialogue box Create polygons from LAS file specify the 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation EI parameters which will he used for building a thin layered model These parameters determine the number and the thickness of the polygons created automatically from the LAS file Clearance is the maximally allowed velocity variation within a polygon Hin Sampling rate by Depth is the minimum thickness of a polygon For models built from well data the polygons are filled by the interpolated parameters from the wells If only LAS file is used for model building numerous thin polygons are created To check the quality of the specified parameters press the button Create polygons Feel free to play with the parameters if you do not like the results 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 4 7 Creation of a model from SPS file If you want to reproduce a field acqu
29. 1 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 298 NOTE During the adjustment of the polygons parameters that have been created automatically from the Map Frame please use the default button in the Polygon Properties dialogue box to memorize these parameters they will be automatically filled next time you create polygons from the same layers 153D View Frame In Tesseral Pro the 30 vies Frame is used for visualizing the spatial distribution of the data ftom a database a project or Trom a user file To rotate the data contained in this Frame please use the toolbar buttons when this Frame is selected The data are displayed in a cube You can customize the scale of each edge of the cube by using Object Properties Use the linear Zoom slider to zoom the display For the axis different scales may be adjusted orizontal Depth Scale To access object properties please double click on the object or use the command 3D View gt Object Properties in the 2 case the object should ave been selected in advance by the mouse The data can be loaded into the cube using the 2D View menu All the data loaded to the cube are displayed together in a unified coordinate system Lets describe the 3D View Frame in more details 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 15 1 Seismic Data Visualization 3D vies fume allows displaying seismic data in the SEG Y SDS PC and TGR fo
30. 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation m 10 5 5 2D Duplex Wave Migration from Scattered Waves The use DWM for scattered waves is most suitable for targets below the las strong reflecting horizon such as faults salt domes and other steep structure flanks T ee S ET Cx Comet AES Unlike for DWM for PPP and converted waves no base boundary is specified for this method Instead the Depth interval for scattered duplex waves relative to the very bottom ofthe model is specified 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 2 10 5 6 Depth 3D VSP Migration To run 3D depth VSP migration choose Run gt VSP procedures Depth demain 3 Depth Kirchhoff VSP Migration 3D PSDM from the Menu Please note that only migration of P waves reflected from horizontal boundaries has been implemented for this method po T us On rct ns Cintecele i amants euin DUET NC Mee x m I Dg ECCLE Input 118 3Dseismogram file If the file type is TGR as opposed to SGY it is necessary specify the Component of the data file that is to be processed Next you must load the depth Model ile and specify the size of the output migrated cube The output imaging area is rectangular And there are two
31. Oeil YOURE VELOCITY MOL rem cou sgy Bronse sequel Stay Cleri me Desy cube EA Cbe Fie Fons S000 9e Go fe Sici c Pectore Cas s ome ms s z zon o Je an SFr rem er T each tase Co Save rasie 1o rot te neu job launch uang exco una m Froh are access this method this method please first access Run gt Run 3D modeling sate 3D observation system See 9 1 6 then Also in order for velocity dispersion i e frequency dependency to be taken into account the 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation ies This 3D viscoelastic method allows users to examine the effect of fluid on Tull 3D wave propagation 30 Medeing Calculation Properties a re properes ES HERES Teade per procese eh ere GP GF CUDA nale os m Reaiedtimoy 2168 3 pos Leu Bebe PU 5168 E cererane D oce Geste arg rat se m Eosrmtrecgy tainen usce s fe D eet ologies User Documentation stable wave cor 72 Source wavelet Para 3 s Select the dominant frequency of the source signal by the parameter Frequency This parameter has considerable influence on quality of computed gathers and on time step needed for inuation Generally rhe higher the frequency the longer the computation time
32. Technologies User Documentation 14 2 Calculate surfaces using well data To build surfaces by using the intersection of well layers Tesseral Pro requires an existing MS Access or MS SQL Server database with well coordinates altitudes and or inclinometry and stratigraphic well depth values More detailed information about how to load such information into the geophysical database can be found below in the Section 7 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 14 2 1 Select fields for the project As the database may include several independent fields users need to select the working field before surface building which can be done using the command File gt Project Properties Please also select the directions of the coordinate axis for the surface maps you want to build f WA are 3 E NOTE Once Tesseral Pro is loaded i is not yet connected the database Please use the Load Database button in the left part of the window to connect to DBMS MS SQL Server or 0 MS Access and to load the Tesseral Pro database More information about connecting to the database can be found in the Section 77 4 NOTE It is also possible to selecta field using the command Select a field for the project from the context menu by right clicking the mouse on the field s name in the database tree 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 1422 Cr
33. To restore database from the backup copy please select Restore Backup and then define the full file path and the name of the backup created previously NOTES All current data will be Tost while restoring the database from a backup copy 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 17 5 Data loading The data is loaded into Tesseral Pro either from LAS files to the Logs table or from text files to the tables Wells Inclinometry Strata and Strata code Data can either be loaded to an existing well or loaded to a field in which case the program distributes the data from the file over the existing wells or creates new wells automatically Data in text files TXT CSV and TAB must be presented in the form of columns the columns are separated by spaces tabs or semicolons It is preferable that each column has its own header For example We Number x Y ib Borate h dss Tiens 86 350 2 Acid 71605605 94 5 H Gases TIS 1000 3456 1 SONS 104 H uisi TGS dsl ADO 11580905 n Asses 92 Ans a HS TOO 12 mol OO abi n 706018 1153475 The Tirst column is the obligatory well number where the data 1s to be Toaded To prepare data for loading please use the command Database gt Prepare Text Tables To load prepared text files or files in LAS format please use the command Database gt Import Data STEP
34. acoustic well logging grids of layer data in SEG Y format as well as ID 2D vector models from other packages 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 4 1 Building a new model The first stage of model building is to specify the basic parameters size of the model width and depth geographical reference of the coordinates and the main source of data used for building models grids in SEG Y format grids or isolines of reflection surfaces well data underlying image and ete The menu Model gt Create Velocity Model New Frame is used After that the Wizard for new model creation will appear In this dialogue box users can select one of the main data sources for creation of a depth model In the next chapters various options for model building will be described one by one 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 4 2 Creation of a simple 2D model Firstly click the menu Model gt Create Velocity Model New Then select SIMPLE model gt inthe Create new Model pop up dialogue box In the Sect ion dialogue box specify the modi th and the top and bottom of the depth model NOTE The distance units the model may be meters or feet Select the measurement units in the project as described in the Section 7 ame After specifying model s size box where the constant or linearly increasing compressional velocity of the Backgro base o
35. amending to the wells from several files is supported Please use the command File gt Save as text inthe Text Table Loader dialogue box to save the prepared table a Text fil NOTE There is no 019578585 command in the Text Table Loader dialogue box Therefore itis recommended to save partial results periodically by using the File gt Save command When the table is ready please press Import to load the data into the selected field Afer data has been imported it is recommended to QC the result use the mouse to sele any loaded well and then choose the command Database Properties IntheWell Properties dialogue box you can modify any data and save them to the database using the ox Technologies User Documentation STEP 3 Load inclinometry Generally loading inclinometry is similar to loading well coordinates Please select field where you would like to load the inclinometry data by the command Database gt Prepare Text Table and then select inclincmetry from the Data to To use the inclinometry data in Tesseral Pro the columns depth x y z need to be filled The remaining columns are only informative and they do not influence the Borehole shape Apart from the first column well number the order of the other columns is not important The rows order for a single well is also not important but it is not recommended to have the data in
36. are unknown users need to specify the measurement units Metric or Imperial in the dialogue box below After that the loaded model will be transformed into the project s measurement units if the fles measurement unit differs from the project s one Additionally the Distance of the loaded model may be adjusted manually by the command Model gt Seale I is possible to select the scaling coefficient for the model and transform the measurement units from ft to m or 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 308 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 16 2 Seismic Frame If the measurement units are changed in the project only the display in the current project s Seismic Frame is updated gathers distance velocity and density are shown in the chosen measurement units however the data files themselves are not modified For example if you have selected f as distance units for the project the display of trace coordinates will change accordingly For instance if the Distance option in the project is set o meters a SEG Y file is displayed as follows pins Nags ME sa EE ie 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 310 When the displayed data is in seismic formats TGR or SEG Y and the data is velocity or density then their values will be scaled i
37. associated with the active source are shown as black squares The other receivers are shown as grey squares To move sources or receivers manually use the mouse by pressing dragging releasing The spread of sources shot points and receivers receiving points are designed by choosing Model gt Acquisition Geometry menu command In the dialogue box the number of sourcesreceivers their intervals and positions can be specified and every source can be associated with a group of receivers The users will be offered to arrange the sources receivers geometry using a Wizard CESSE LE Since it is quite complicated to adjust the spread manually itis recommended to use the Wizard NOTE The dialogue box Acquisition Geometry Wizard is always launched at the very beginning of model creation In the Tesseral Pro several acquisition design schemes can be implemented Dep on the selected scheme the Wizard may have 1 4 dialogue boxes ing Technologies User Documentation 94 6 1 Receivers move with source The receivers are positioned in relation to one of the sources and 1 Tor other sources of the model STEP 1 Acquisition geometry they are repeated In the dialogue box Observation scheme please select Move receivers with source When this mode is chosen you should fist provide the source layout followed by the Tayout of receives relative to the same source As a result
38. by using the transformation Depth to Time Transformation lt means that in the procedure Depth to Time Transformation ifthe Input file and Velocity seismic file represent The velocity model the Output file will be the same model but in time domain 2015 Tesse Technologies User Documentation 10 233D Interpolation With the help of Run gt Velocity Model Interpolation the user ean resample the grid step for any 3D cube by interpolating between adjacent grids This functions can be used if the user wants to generate a 3D SGY cube with a grid spacing matching the stacking bin spacing ofthe 3D survey To implement this this function f Seismic File followed by st of all you will need to load the 3D SGY wun gt Velocity Model Interpolatio le Load Reassign a new grid Step along X Z and click OX The generated cube will have the new reassigned grid step as you can see in the Raw trace view Ifa 2D section with new reassigned grid step has to be either generated from an existing 2D SGY file or extracted from a 3D SGY cube you will first have to load the appropriate SGY file File gt Load seismic file and then draw a profile in the seismic frame using Seismic Edit mcde Draw Profile Mode Technologies User Documentation 216 followed by Run Seiemic Frane gt Export to 2D Seismic File a Flame arsenal Pro teri rew
39. creation command Model Create Velocity Model New Frame again You will be asked whether you would lke to change the existing model or create anew one Select Yes to use the other model creation method in order to change the model 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation a 4 10 Load model in other formats Use the command Model gt Create Velocity Model Mew Frame and then Glick the button Load model from other in the dialogue box Create new Mode format file The supported formats include TAM model format from the Tesseral 2D package WGC GXI and table text files Surely users can also load a model from another project TPA forman Technologies User Documentation 4 1130 Model building from Surfaces Load all surfaces you want to use for 3D model building by going Map gt Create New Frame gt Load TXT or GRD surface files For instructions on how to load or create surfaces from XYZ text files please follow the instructions from Section 14 Select the surfaces you want to use as horizons ET ie 3 ane conus EE mede immo Com pere vues 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation This is the uppermost surface You can manage and view all surfaces individually by goin Map gt Manage Delete surfaces Once surfaces have been loaded values must be introduced for a
40. ec a fa mew Ja Dmm LES Stepange 20 des 12 ook Sereni siset rode iie hobz v Bises Edith He Clos not este nen jab bunch using In the dialogue box Addition the group Y Fourier Transform Spatial Frequency Range K2 is added It is specifie for implementation of 2 5D modeling which ise the spectral decomposition technique in the Y direction where variation of the rock parameters is assumed to be invariant ologies User Documentation m CS The gathers in the column are noisy due to insufficient range of spatial frequency rom Fhe gathers in the column contain the signal from viral sources due to insufficient number of spatial frequencies Number of K2 values per shot The gathers in the C column are correct is recommended to adjust these spectral decomposition parameters automatically by pressing the button Calculate in the lower part of the same group 1 any case the 25D modeling requires huge amount of computations just like a complete 3D case It is accelerated by effective parallelization especially by using GPU NVIDIA CUDA To decrease the computation time users can specify shorter time for the parameter Stop in the dialogue box General 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 74 Gather Calculation After the modeling method and the relevant parame
41. given 3D seismic cube below the specified horizon To implement this function first of all load the SGY cube Le toad seismic file followed by Run gt Post processing gt Zero Seismic Cube above surface EP E tac ma ene efor peser seer esr new verse DURE seco s a aS Make sure the correct cube has been loaded in the Seismic cube dialogue then load the Surface map Le the horizon and specify the Layer height which is distance 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 29 above the horizon of the specified Seismic cube that should be preserved 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 240 11 Frames In this section the general guidelines for manipulating diff rent Frames are presented Pro supports 4 types of Frames model surface gather and 3D view The parameters for a Frames display can be customized in the dialogue box and with the help of the options in the corresponding menu Frames can be deleted moved and duplicated Operations with one or more Frames are supported as well A Frame can be printed or exported to an exact vector raster ype picture WYSIWYG technology There are the two main modes to display Frames Document view and Tablet view More information can be found below Technologies User Documentation 2015 Tessera Technologies User D 11 1 Frame types The Tesseral Pr
42. horizontal gradient or the velocity surface can be assigned to the appropriate surfuce inthe Map gt Manage Delete Surfaces gt Surface 3D model Preperties Get value from map Please note that a VALUE must introduced as Well in case there are any holes in the velocity map in places of faulting wedging or other complex geologie features If there are no holes in the velocity map then the speci will be ignored Technologies User Documentation vue md fom mao se neho aes 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation EI 441 3 Introducing cylindrical bodies and tetrahedrons in 3D SGY cubes The user can also introduce cylinders and tetrahedrons in any given 3D SGY cube introduce a cylinder fist of all load the SGY cube in the seismic frame File Load Seismic file The cube in 3D optional view Sgen Yun D Tages Thenclick Run gt Velocity Model Insert cylinder in Model Cube 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation ss Specify the extension of the cylinder X Y and Z axes as well as Radius and Internal value Insert cylinder upon completion Inout Mode Pro tang neu verae on fel 170 2 me z mm RadusotCyinderR 80 Intere maue och 5100 Output Modei Rie Chiers e
43. in the contest menu or Model gt Base Points gt Delete Base Point in die to level menu logis User Documentation so 5 9 Build polygons from well s intersection data This feature is supported only for models built using wells with layers Please see Sect 4 5 for details about building models using well data Select the Mode Frame and then select the command Create polygon In the dialogue box New Polygon specify the Polygon Name from the Iis of layers codes in the database These polygons need to have heen created in advance using Top and Bottom Markers and be saved in the Database x If the name of a polygon matches atleast one of layer names for the wells loaded into the model you will be asked to build the polygon automatically from the layer intersection data Please see the results 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation The automatic creation of a polygon group from several selected layers is supported for Which the menu command Model gt Wells amp Polygons gt Create Polygons from Well Strata Marks is Wed From the list of layers select the ones you would like to see enclosed with polygons The result will be a depth model created automatically 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 2 VaHHARAS oem exem gt Ipamo
44. is only for the visualization not affecting the calculation of synthetic gathers 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 5 6 Anisotropic fracture absorption parameters To specify the anisotropy and or fracturing parameters press the Anisotropy amp r Properties buton Then in the dialogue box Anisotropy amp Other Eropert ies specify the value for each parameter shown in the pop up dialogue box shown Below rp Font x Etats fF a fens mE me ou 979 mee i rs pond By default each polygon is isotropic Thompsen s Parameters c Epsilon 8 Delta y Gamma and the inclination angle o Phi of the symmetry axis of the transversal isotropie TI background medium can be specified The coefficients and 5 determine the relative difference of the qP and qSV wave velocity in different propagation directions with respect to velocity along the symmetry axis of the background medium and they are used only in the Elastic Anisotropy mode The parameter y determines the velocity variation of the waves along different propagation direction and it does not affect wavefield of a 2D modeling it is added to make the description more complete and for future upgrade Fracture describes intensity of fracturing in the background medium and is characterized by parameters 5 Da Dt and the fracturing inclination angle a Alpha with respect to the vertical direc
45. the file related to the same well shaped like blocks itis better to sort all wells bby well number Once the table is ready please press Import to load the data into the selected field Afer loading it is recommended 19 check the loading result For this purpose please select the 1nclincmetry branch for any of the loaded wells and then choose the command Database gt Data Properties For correct mapping the table Incl inomet zy must be filled for the wells you want to use for mapping If you have no inclinometry data the wells can be assumed to be vertical and thea the inclinometry data can be generated automatically this can be done by the command Database gt Create Inclinometri 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation n pem In ibis dialogue box please select the wells for inclinometry generation from the list on the right and then press Create inclincmetry For automatic creation of inclinometry the information about the wells altitude and bottom hole is used from the wells table While creating inclinometry in the absence of this data you will be prompted to enter altitude and bottom of the hole manually in dialogue box Use the buttons Select wells without inclinemetry and Sel with altitude and bottom for automatically selecting the wells in the Tist The result oFexeculing Create inclinamet ry is shown below fora well wells NOTE In case that the selected
46. the next list Layers to be added 15 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 176 mmm vs emm cfi Fig by acter 8 man fing by ave a C Ernie El Sagan depth tant m srt s x Check the Filling by another surface check box and then click In the Filling by radio button and then select the illumination map Surface Trom the list below Click OK in both dialogs and the surfaces are loaded into the 3D View Frame Surface dialog box select From project 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation m e iam ew Man Deme Oven dos Voss She P x E S S LQ Please refer to Section 75 for instructions on how to adjust the 3D View display options rotation zooming ete 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation vs 9 2 5 Viewing the rays Choose the 3D View gt Add Remove Rays menu command In the Open File dialog select the file Wilh the Biv extension having the name specified in the Ray Tracing dialog see 9 2 1 By default this file is named OutputRays bin This file contains the catalog ofall calculated rays during the simulation To Alga al ope CT x x On the 1 you can choose how you want to select the rays by sources receivers reflection points
47. ways to defi this rectangle In general case the output rectangle is defined manually by coordinates of 3 sequential comer points 0 X00 YOO and YOy in the Rotated Axes group Approximate values may be used The program adjusts the coordinates to form a true rectangle Technologies User Documentation 235 I the output rectangle boundaries are parallel to coordinate axes it can be alternatively defined by the parameters Start Stopt Start and Stopy The program supports output of vertical sections so combinations like Startx StopX and StartY Stopy ure enabled Stopz is depth interval of the output array StopZ must be below bigger then boundary depths of the model file Stepk StepY Step2 are the grid steps for the output array To specify the circular aperture explicitly enter directly the T 5 and Radius n in the Apertures group If the migration aperture is not specified the program uses default values Min time shift from direct wave s is used for muting VSP gathers by a articular time interval in order to eliminate the migration noise associated with the direct wave The rest of the parameters in Depth VSP Migration window are exatly the same as for Time Depth Pre Stack Kirchoff Migration Please see section 10 5 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 10 6Post Processing Procedures for post pro
48. well already had inclinometry data the old data will be deleted NOTE If you do not like the results of loaded inclinometry please select the field with the mouse and then use the command Database gt Delete from Field gt Inclinemetzy and repeat loading again STEP 4 Load stratigeaphy Generally loading stratigraphy is similar to loading well coordinates and well inclinometry Please select the field you want to load the stratigraphic la outs with the mouse and then choose the command Please select strata from the Data to import list abase gt Prepare Text Tab 2015 Tesser Technologies User Documentation eme pu JE pem The main attributes are name layer name depth layer intersection depth along the borehole 1 tom I bottom Oop If the absolute coordinates of he layer intersection are le ib is worth loading them into the database Otherwise these coordinates will be calculated automatically every time before calculating a layer surface map Apart from the first column well number the order of the other columns is not important It is recommended to sort the rows in advance by well numbers Once the table is ready please click Import to load the data into the selected field During the loading process layer name isnot found in the strata code table you will be prompted to assign create layer code for this layer inthe dialogue box b
49. 1 Create a field Please use the command Database gt Add Field and then set the name of the new field in the pop up dialogue box STEP 2 Load well coordinates elevations and well bottoms Please use the mouse button to select the field into which you would like to load the data and then choose the command Database gt Prepare Text Table EI ze eem pp Inthe Data to port list please select we 2015 Tesse Technologies User Documentation IE you have a text table with the necessary information please use the command File gt en inthe Text Table Loader dialogue box If the data are in Microsoft Excel of Word ormai use the Copy Paste commands to transfer the data fom the MS Office document to ate Clipboard Toader The first column from the text table is obligatory and contains the number of wells into Which the data is to be loaded The light green second row is optional and it is intended for the headers from the input file In the first yellow row all the attribute names of the columns you want to load should be entered Click the mouse inside each of the cells to select the attribute into which the data rom the column are to be loaded IL is not necessary to load coordinates bottom of the hole and altitude in one table sequential data loading
50. ARS JN SRB DE ew 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 923 3D Ray Tracing simulation Before you start the simulation you need to create the 3D survey layout see Section 9 1 Here is an example of a reflection surface and a 3D survey layout e fet Yer pee Uy see ve Bev de bonega NV ax NAB ORF Fee SBE To start the 3D Ray Tracing simulation choose the Run gt 3D Ray Tracing Modeling menu command If you have not saved the project you will be prompted to do so After that the 3D Ray Tracing dialog box opens 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation m Em Em PP Ve Vent une er HOUR DEN PODE ree en c buling es CERT enr Henne ue mang Rem Ca jenen xw oc dme NH de E Yon 38 6 imn ine From Velocity Fie From Surface tee ten det Ray Divergence vum Hebdo lee Mee Pede Amo You change the following opti Folder for computation Specifies the folder where the input files and the computation results are stored Velocity Cube File Specifies the 3D velocity SEG Y file used for the 3D Model Gee 92 1 Surface File Specifies the reflection surface file see 9 2 2 Surface File Type Specifies the file type used fo
51. Bun oun non weu Los ran Luza a S11 buno moon rrom 20 30 cars 5 12 Smorrmerouoscohwoners bY UNDER GA 5 13 Thonon ANISOTROPY Pan 5 14 Porous Mes Panos ACQUISITION GEOMETRY nnn Rene ove wr souner 62 Recevre srra 63 amore VSPANDVSP um dr 66 LotoAcnustion GICMETRI ROM GARS 103 67 Lono acnusmou scieme raam SPS raes ETT Technologie User Documentation srno FOR 4cDUISICN GEOMETRY 206 7 SYNTHETIC GATHER CALCULATION 72 73 Aoomona rame 72 Ekonal ay Tracing Modeling 232 250 taste Anisotropic Modeling 120 24 123 25 eusten ano woon 125 751 Modeling using o cluster 1 752 Modeling using Windows network am 2D RAY TRACING soon Rava gray 82 Rare EPA TES m 911 Load Mop using backgroud picture m 912 Choose 3D survey design m 9 13 Move and Rotate 3D survey 344 Edt Shot and Receiver Stations 350 9 15 Chonge Direction for Shot and Receive Lines 152 9 15 3Drecoring patch design 154 917 Load survey from SPS fles ass 918 Load survey from SOY fies 360 919 10 survey export to 5P5 fies P 9110 10 survey export to KM fle 163 3121 Fold Map 164 9112 Coordinate Reference Systems Options 366 Tacna
52. In the dialogue box Observation scheme select Load from SPS file In the next dialogue box SPS fiTes load select the SPS files IF you use the SPS file of a 3D spread then in the group Sources and receivers selection adjust the criteria for selecting sources and receivers to be Toaded into the model and the binning si Pt oh oy OH EE m a tins T Er mae ed Fame nao th en cete B B If the model length is smaller than the length of the selected profile in the dialogue you will be asked to correct enlarge the model Tesseral Pro has the capability of creating a 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation model using only SPS files see Section 4 7 for more details 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 105 6 8 Standard dialogue box for acquisition geometry In addition to using Wizard for the sources and receivers layout the integrated dialogue box can be used which is activated by Mode gt Acquisition Geometry Then select When asked to run Acquisition Geometry Wizard CT ppm a Nate OR ie m B rm I C fien ir n Come FT n B n fumi B n tre mayana 28 m isis E e The group Sources is for specifying ihe source layout and
53. Just sts option The migrated time section is saved to the Output file To transform it from time scale to the depth domain use the command Run gt Velocity Model gt Time to Depth Transformation 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 10 5 2 Depth Pre Stack Kirchhoff Migration The command Run gt 2D Migration Depth domain gt Depth Fre Kirchhoff Migration performs the Depth Fre Sta Migration The result i in depth domain To transform it to time domain use locity Model gt Depth to time Transformation Aro le Han Destin een trt Une Gan os fe Creed acc ts nd Ra one pr Sox m 6 sur me amp oom E mm ie ra Cu Re Uem L 25 Output Fle test nte GathAP 2 DSM ogy E lam me conan Leu CES Ged For migration the layered velocity model has to be in depth domain which may be obtained by using the menu command Model gt Export tc Seismic Format Si X TGR The velocity measurement units in the model can be specified 5 TF ihe migration aperture is not specified the program uses the default values To specify the apertures explicitly buttons in the Apertures group are used Add Delete Delete ie 2D data The size of the processing area and the corresponding step along the
54. Menu File consists of the options for creating swing or importing a project TPA Torman loading models gathers or surfaces printing document and exporting the project into standard rater tpe or vector formats Database is for managing the database in Tesseral Pro such as creating selecting database or imporingeiting a well lg data see Section 17 ts for manipulating Frames Fes for general commands for working with Frames Menu is for creating and modifying velocity models and acquisition geometry ection 12 Menu Map is for creating loading a surfa the surface map Section 14 Menu Seismic is for loading seismic gathers in SEG Y SDS PC or TGR formats Section 13 and changing the visualization modes Menu 30 View is for viewing 3D images Section 15 Menu Run is for launching computation of synthetic gathers for one particular model orto proces these Synthetic gathers using available processing modules such as sucking and 2D migration Section 7 Zona noc map and different ways of displaying Technologies User Documentation 3 3 General steps for synthetic modeling At the bottom of the Tesseral Pro window the 3 sequential steps for creating synthetic gathers are shown STEP 1 Creation of the 2D velocity model The velocity model can be created by usi Well data maps of horizons or 2D 3D layered model SEG Y format or LAS file IDAD vector models in various formats from o
55. Parameter Wavelet is used for the selection of the signal s form In addition to these standard wavelet types you may load any kind of signal from a text file by pressing the button Parameter Source Mode is used to specify the signal s directionality Parameter Surface Mode If invisible is selected the free surface related reflection Will not appear in the seismic wave field If free is selected the free surface related reflection is taken into account in the waveTield The option Use mininal phase signal If the option is checked the amplitude spectrum of the signal will be Kept unchanged but its phase spectrum Will be changed to obtain the minimum phase signal The option Suppress Source SV is for suppressing shear waves When the source is located closely to the free surface checking this option can reduce strong surface waves in the shot gather when Blastic Modeling or Elastic Anisotropic Modeling is used oad from File Technologies User Documentation 7 3 Additional parameters Some specifie parameters associated with various modeling procedures are to be specified Therefore the available parameters in the dialogue box Add tion differ depending on the selected modeling procedure in the previous step see Section 7 1 For the finite difference solution of the wave equation e g Vertical Incidence Modelin Scalar Modeling Acoustic Modeling Elastic Modeling and Elastic Anisotropic Modeling ihe dia
56. Profile tab 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 13 9 2D Snapshot Viewer To show the snapshots together with the shot gather please choose the Snapshot View Window command under the View menu Cae Sus fioc x Please press the Select Snap button to select the file with a snapshot Please press the Select Shotgather button to select the corresponding gathers If the Model Frame is opened in the Tesseral Pro the contours of the model will be shown in the snapshot Navigation through snapshots and gathers is dane with help of the corresponding sliders 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 13 10 3D Snapshot Viewer In order to generate 3D snapshots please select check Generate 3D Setup 3D Snapshots inthe 30 modelling Calculations wapshots and select roperties window 30 Modeling Calculation Properties areutn cre roparose sanre HERE Treats process co In jm o a race enr a mu ho le fid ees 2 am Requred Memory PN 2 268 p aeae crey Pale Coen trer El Maxum Divergence 25 Technologies User Documentation 30 Wave Snapshot Generation porum fetes DEEE ko DRE ose SAIS Xe En ace ay eect ES m Fr wz Ex Ge
57. Ta23 for relevant sources Please make sure to assign identical moment tensors to all traces pertaining to a distinct source In other words the moment tensor needs to remain constant for every source receiver pair in the table Once the xTau columns have been filled save and overwrite the existing survey 2er file with tbe updated one make sure to also save it in TXT format Now open the runtask ini file located in the same modelling folder as survey Sd est and change Source Type 0 Omnidirectional to Source Type 10 Double Couple Afterwards save the runtaskini file Fi Le gt 5ave in the exact same location Then go back your map frame which contains the previously build 3D survey and click Run gt Run 3D Medelling gt Yes 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 191 De you wano continue the interusted job in Cle Stefani Desksop 3D modeling Progres por 160007 gh Y ais Cans dee Diet doe anes im mes i teoria sos mee Guam eus emt iioi Technologies User Documentation 192 94 1 Using the same moment tensor for all sources If the user would like to use he same moment tensor for all sources in the 3D survey then itis sufficient to ONLY modify tbe run
58. Technologies User Documentation 248 11 7 Print and export Documents are crested on the principle of WYSIWYG by using Frames For more details please see section 2 3 Please use the command File gt Print to print document Apart from printing documents can be exported as a picture in any of the following formats TIFF EMF WMF and BMP by using the command File gt Save as Picture 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 29 11 8 Project tree and the database De Dare ER Ver der see bn P SoSH MMe RAgain ial mmmmm menu ad e T ped Sao is es P ss bd Bime maree Ee I 1 rne err TEES prc 1 Sitom mo Tis t After the new project is saved command File gt Save Project or after loading ofan old project in the left window of Tesseral Pro the Wee of the opened project is shown This tee helps to systemize al loaded and created files The point is that during the modeling of synthetic gathers several files are created and they are all located within the same folder please see details in the Section Additionally after launching several jobs for the same model using different modeling techniques more sets of output files are created these files are located in the same folder and it may be c
59. Technologies User Documentation 12 3 2 Model export to Tesseral 2D TAM format Please use the command Model gt Export to Tesseral 2D Format y 133 3 Deus sms in as reo C ECTI TII c While the model is being exported to TAM fle the thin layering data is not exported but the acquisition geometry data is exported 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 13 Frame Seismic This is the frame to display files in SEG Y SDS PC or TGR formats The frame is to support displaying 2D 3D field amd synthetic gathers models migrated slices cubes VSP gathers multi component files snapshots of wavelield propagation et 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 261 13 1 Load seismic files The seismic files are loaded by using the command Seismic gt Load Seismic File New Ifsevera files are loaded at once then they will be displayed in the Joint coordinate space If a seismic file is opened for the first time itis proposed to select its type to apply the appropriate display mode as shown below Your selection will determine the displaying mode please see Section 73 2 which ean be changed at any time by using the View Mode command on the Seismic menu or the button from the toolbar After that your seismic file will be read Ifa file is opened for the first time it may take a long time to create the index fies of the trace coordinate
60. Tener Multiparameter Numerical Medium Technologies ban 15 14 Sree SW Cy Akera Carada tor Seismic Modeling Planning e tmc Imaging amp Interpretation QC pellere A Worldwide TESSERAL GEO MODELING SUITE Windows Workplace Pro V4 User Manual 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation Contents ABOUT TESSERALPRO TESSERAL PRO PACKAGE DOWNLOAD AND INSTALLATION srs INTRODUCTION 32 Mew oven a 33 Gbamustriron DEPTH MODEL BUILDING 41 Bones new as 42 Cmanonorasmne 20 mood P Crearon or anon cna SEISMIC RU 18 Craton or a cot ROM SURFACES a 5 Canon or coc OM WELLS 25 46 Can or asm at aenep PROM LAS ri 7 Craton ora monet SPS tar Craton ora mope PICTURE 3OMcon suom rrom Somes 4111 Introducing vertical gradients In cubes E 4112 Intoduchg horizontal gradients in 30 cubes E 4113 introducing cylindrical bodies ond tetrahedrons In 3D SGY cubes ss Ad2 sULomc rtc weu sa 4121 Buldng o thin layered 30 model POLYGON CREATION AND EDITING 52 Canoe roues su n 5 Move corvarowece m 55 Eor roeov s rarene 56 PARAMETERS 57 5 E 59 BULD POLYGONS rom Wes enc BA m 510
61. These commands move the polygon updown one Tevel Le exchange the chosen polygon and the previous or next one To set the correct order of overlapping polygons users may need to repeat this command several times 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 7 5 8 Base points The base points are used to specify the components with linear gradient within the polygon Firstly select the polygon where you would ke to add some base points To add base point to an active selected polygon please choose the command Add Base Point in the context menu by clicking the right mouse button or select the command n the menu Model gt Base Points gt Add Base Point mener mm RE Ben waj re Dems Please specify the coordinates the base points and the vales of each component in the dialogue box Base Point The gradient will be calculated automatically for any 2 adjacent base points E Soba Sees To edit the parameters ata base point please use the Edit Base Point command in context menu by right clicking the base point or use the menu Command Model gt Bass 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation Points gt Edit Base Point for the active base point marked by square with red edge The base points may be relocated by the mouse press drag release or deleted by using the command Delete Base Point
62. While several Frames are selected the changes will be only applied to the main last selected Frame The size of the remaining Frames will be the same The height and the width of the upper and the lower headers will be changed by pressing and dragging the lower headline border NOTE Iti possible to change the top and the bottom of any Frame with the scale by dragging the top or the bottom with the Ct z2 key pressed The next picture shows the different ways to change the Frame parameters NOTE While changing the Frames sizes im the Tablet View Mode the sizes of all Frames in the same table row and column are also changed eral Technologies User Documentation 246 11 5 Undo Redo Working with Frames you may undo any action or sequence of actions using Edit gt Undo To redo the action that you ve undone please use Edit gt Redo Commands Undo and Redo are not supported while working with files menu F database menu Database amd calculating and editing seismic surfaces gt Add Horizon from Well Tops Map gt Manage Delete Horizons Map gt Active Surf Processing Technologies User Documentation 247 11 6 Scale of display scale the document zoom in out please use the command View gt Zoom or the scaling buttons in the main toolbar 2015 Tesseral
63. abase connection creation and copying Connection to the database is established automatically while loading Tesseral Pro or by using the command Database gt Connect mo quoe FR tee meas oe Please select DBMS you would like to connect to and adjust the connection parameters The MS Access test database TesseralPro mdb with several wells is included in the installation To back up the Database please use the command Database gt Backup For MS Access I creates a copy ofthe For MS SQL Server ile by using the standard Save bos ee nr nd om Dee Please provide the full path and name for the backup copy It is recommended to back up the database before operations that could lead to data loss like loading and deletion so that in case of any incorrect actions the database can be recovered from the backup copy To create or restore a Database please use the command Database gt Create NIS Access creates a new mdb file while creating a new database by using the standard Save As dialogue box Restoring such Database is not supported so please use the command Database gt Connect to connect to another mdb database When MS SQL Server creates new database please enter the Database Name and 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation then select Create Empty Tesseral Pro Database
64. al and vertical direction The input model can have up to 3 systems of 2D oriented fracturing This modeling method can Technologies User Documentation simulate the seismic energy propagation in anisotropic medium The anisotropic Parameters and or fracturing parameters have Io be specified by the user If these parameters are not specified the algorithm is equivalent to the isotropic elastic method 2D Visco Elastic is for a visco elastic model and can be used to evaluate the effects of seismic energy absorption It also takes into account the velocity dispersio The quality factor needs to be specified by the user If this parameter is not specified this algorithm is equivalent to Elastic Modeling This modeling method allows users to examine the influence of fluid on wave propagation 2D Bikonal Ray Tracing is the ray tracing method for isotropic and anisotropic medium and is based on the high frequency optical approximation of wave equation modeling It does not calculate the multiples but may take into account converted waves atthe reflector The method is not suitable for thin layered model This method enables users to evaluate horizons illumination taking into account reflection waves Other methods can only show incident wave energy instead of the illumination 2 5D Elastic E Anisotropic Visco Elastict is for 3D isotropic or anisotropic elastic model with arbitrarly oriented fracturing s
65. ault gt 0se well log values for all horizons Fire sele fe I iing af empty ste the utc Je rn Le Cod Once all surfaces have been filled select Run gt Map Frame gt Create 4D SEG Y 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation perm I Ouputsecv le Cure euro esma ren verses Ned Grii parametere E sx E Ming Emoty see Ge deta leg of ene om the per Gee 2000 Use bose seiman mte w Pox 1000 Specify the X Y Z dimensions you want for your 3D model the grid sampling as well as the Filling cells value with which you want to fill the remaining blank layer s TF you want to the remaining blank layer s from a base seismogram Le from 3D SGY cube then load it inthe Use base seismogram Here you can also introduce limitations to the min and max values for the thin layering in the Value Range Finally after clicking OK a thin layered cube from log data will be generated 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 65 5 Polygon creation and editing Afer an empty model Model Frame is created it as to be filled with geological objects of various sock physical properties In the Tesseral Pro polygons are used to represent geological objet In model building a polygon is characterized by set of
66. box will appear for loading the curves into the well genug me EST eed REST o EROS Please click Import to load the selected curves into the database For QC of the loaded result please select a curve from the Logs branch of the well and then choose the command Database gt Data Properties 2015 Tesse Technologies User Documentation DII DOR mem m nr a eem ns ohare ea Fem aua E 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 17 6 Data editing A partial editing of the data loaded from LAS or text files for fields and wells can be done by using the dialogue box Database gt Data Properties ees tae Ej 7 amp m oi mo mz oi E En In the Well Strata List dialogue box the layer codes in the database can be inserted deleted or modified by using the Field Strata button i H i H ui NOTE To change the layer code name please double change the name in the edit field On current name and then To edit the log curve choose the command Database gt Data Properties and select the curve name from the database tre 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation EJ melee c ee F ml seme ee em CR Lo ve EE g
67. cessing of seismic data 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 237 10 6 1 Trace wise Procedures mean Danone Dante res an ese T gon mm Tint T ne Damon pasate 8 wm LEE I Check a box to apply the function to all the traces Zero Balancing for balancing the traces to zero average value Linear Gain for increasing the amplitude af the top gain or bottom Gorton gain parts of the traces Normalization is to normalize a trace using one of selected criteria Auto Gain is to smooth the trace automatically The parameters of such Smoothing may be window length is the time or depth metrical interval for Which the smoothing is carried out noise is a threshold noise threshold in percent of the maximal amplitude and outside this threshold smoothing is suppressed Add White Noise in percent of the maximal amplitude is to add white noise io the traces Random shift is to add a random shift to the traces Smoothing isto eut out the high frequency noises if they are in the image To shift the whole trace up or down along the time direction Final Scaling in percent of the maximal amplitude is to change the absolute value of the amplitudes Technologies User Documentation 10 6 2 Zero seismic cube above a surface With the help of his function the user can mute any
68. cllentin file in Tesseral program directory 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation
69. d of course be below the sub vertical heterogeneities that need to be imaged by DWM The migrated section is specified by the parameters Start X and Stop X as well as Start Stop Y inthe Profile Coordinates tab whose direction can also be specified by the Adjust button The parameter Step is recommended to be identical to the grid step that was used Tor forward modeling This program uses the eikonal solver to compute time fields Dis grid along the X and Z axis is specified by Step in the group Inthe Aperture tab the migration aperture for duplex waves specify a left aperture by specifying the distance to the 1 receiver group ora right aperture tothe to the right of the source receiver group Also a symmetric aperture can be assigned by specifying both The left aperture is t0 the left of the leftmost source receiver in the observation system while the right aperture isto the right of the rightmost source receiver sization of the computation e estimation settings assigned The user can of th The signal stretching is limited by Gradient whose default value is 0 If the gradient is t00 small the images will be too spread if the gradient is too big some objects may disappear There are two possible orders of reflections HV and VE i e reflection from the horizontal boundary followed by the reflection from the sub vertical boundary and vice versa VE
70. d to correct the 3D survey positioning a map Use left mouse button click drag release Lt on ae nr 2015 Tesse Technologies User Documentation 149 9 14 Edit Shot and Receiver Stations Option Map 3D survey Modes Hide is used to hide not needed Shots or and Receivers from a 3D survey Press the left mouse button hold it and select the area which you want to hide Hidden Shot Receivers will not take part im the following 3D survey design Hidden Shots will be shown on the frame as squares and Receivers circles If you want to bring hidden Shots Receivers back into survey you need to use option Map 3D survey Modes Shcw This option works the same way click drag release Ne see Die Un FSF eR AAAS Eee SSR AAV FEMO 36 7 B 9 20 El af pee merge EUER NOTE If you want to use options Hide Show separately for Shots and Receivers for example to hide a group of shots But io leave receivers there you need to check Map Show Shots or Map Show Receivers respectively As result Shots or Receivers will not Be shown in theMap frame and editing will be possible only for shown elements shots or receivers 1 order to increase or decrease the editing precision use the scaling option in the View Zoom command Technologies User De 150
71. derlying picture in a BMP JPEG TIFF GEO TIFF GEO JPEG format pictures with coordinates in ICN files by clicking the button Property In the dialogue box Picture for Model select the file of the picture and the area of the picture which will be used as an underlying image in the Frame Model 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation ss NT Then in the next dialogue box Section specify the depth range and the length of the model ee DER After that the Frame Model with the underlying picture will be created as shown below 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 3 nuum UI EE This underlying picture cannot be used for modeling but the polygons may be dea manually by following the visible boundaries and then velocity and other parameters for the TRDOMEDLLEEXAARE Imm Sr ci Se ed Re me Fc pe J Here is the final result of modeling using raster image 2015 Tesseral Technologies User D 4 9 Hybrid method for model creation You may create a model by using a SPS file surfaces a gather for the velocity model and well data simultaneously At first users need to create an initial model using any of the methods Then choose the model
72. differently it will stack the traces and the output file will have the same number of traces as the input one This procedure be used to sum the different cubes after migration EIL 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 10 1 5 Cut Out Cube Section The command Run gt General Purpose Procedures gt Cut Out Cube Sect ion is mainly used Tor preparing gathers for duplex wave migration or for Extracting part of the traces falling into a user defined rectangle It can speed up DWM processing fora huge dataset we Seam Lem m a T M ned aer REET 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 201 10 1 63D Replication The command Run gt General Purpose Procedures gt 3D Replication is used for Creating the 3D acquisition data multiple shot lines from a single shot line with multiple receiver lines generated by 2 5D modeling to create a 3D dataset from 2D acquisition Creating a 3D velocity model from a 2D velocity model lt r ee EPST c s Cr prone EE mma enm E tmm n ne ne BR SEG Y NOTE input Fils isa depth velocity model or gathers of a single shot line grid in SEG Y or TGR Tormat To obtain depth velocity mod
73. document In this mode the Frames ean overlap each other therefore the commands view gt Bring Frame Forward and View gt Bring Frame Backward are used io set The ight visualization order 2 View gt Tablet View Mode Frames are only distributed in table cells To change the size of any cell please drag it with the mouse while holding the left mouse button from any Frame side or change the size of the column row of the table in the internal axis the Frame window Ifyou drag a Frame into cell used by another Frame the old Frame will be moved to the nearest free cell NOTE Please use the command View gt Arrange Frames to sort the Frames automatically according to the sizes of their windows For an easier way to work with selected Frame please use the command View gt Frame Full Screen 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 245 11 4 Frame size The width and the height of the Frames are adjusted in the dialogue box Edit gt Frame Properties The height of the upper and the lower headers is defined in the dialogue boxes ofthe upper and the lower headers respectively For the Frames displayed in depth or time scale Model and Seismic the height and the width are calculated automatically from the top bottom and scale information The sizes of the Frames may be changed by the mouse which e be done by dragging the Frames borders while pressing the left mouse button
74. e job for a cluster call Ru The dialogue box for job preparation is similar to the dialogue box for setting up jobs in the Tesseral Pro see Section 7 For example for the project ModelOne tpa with 3 sources the following files will be generated ModelOne Tr ModelOne2 tam tam Here ModelOneLtam ModelOneZ tam are the model files associated with each source runtask ini is the main file where the modeling parameters for the job are saved I is recommended to create an empty folder where this job will be created and saved this case the benefit is that users will not need to check whether a file is related to this job or not The 25D computation engine for a cluster may be downloaded from the website tp wwwtesseral zeo com under page DOWNLOADS The needed user documentation is in The archive with each program eral Technologies User Documentation 126 7 52 Modeling using Windows network For large computation tasks Tesseral Pro provides a special utility TesseralFarm TesseralFarm is a utility complementary to the Tesseral Pro and it is designed to implema cluster functionality in the Windows networks Compared to the cluster under Linux architect the cluster created with TesseralFarm requires far less efforts for preparation and has more flexible topology and sufficient potential for enhancement After computers are connected to a local network and the progra
75. eate Frame Map Please use the command gt Create Map New Frame Then a map with the wells of the selected field will appear HH All commands for editing the map are located in the menu 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 14 2 3 Working area The working area the area where the surface is built is defined by an interval m or fi along the X and Y axis The working area is defined in the Map Properties dialogue box of the Frame Fia reset fal The working area can also be selected visually by the mouse in the following modes Map ccm Mode or Map gt Move Mode In both modes the selection displacement of ihe area is done by left clicking the mouse on the Frame press drag release NOTE If the area was selected incorrectly 1 To cancel the last action please use Edit gt Undo 2 To zoom the area use the command Map gt Zoom Mode and Then select the arca again Please sec the results 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 290 14 24 Surface mapping Surface mapping is based on the intersection data of well layers Tesseral Pro supports amp mapping methods such as the spline approximation and Kriging create new surface maps please use the Map gt Calculation of Horizon from Well Tops menu command In the Add new surfac
76. ecified manually or ef for the program to calculate these values automatically for each Vertical section and for the whole dataset Technologies User Documentation Pep elc med 917 1 Inthe Layout tab it is possible to define the parameters for visualizing the acquisition system In the drop down list of Seismic viewer from the Common tab you may select the display mode for the acquisition system These modes are described in more details below For different seismic files the number of the receivers may vary from hundreds to millions and therefore several ways of displaying these receivers are implemented such as small black crosses grey dots and contours The Common tab also allows adjusting the traces displayed in the vertical section In the Show group users can select whether the traces will be displayed as wiggle or image based on he user defined palette For multi component seismic data users can select the component to be displayed in the Seismic File Properties group from the Units tab In the Rulers tab the parameters for displaying the Vertical and Horizontal rulers are specified By default both rulers are shown on the left and the right side of he object but users have the option to either display the vertical scale on the left side or just on the right side The profile parameters vertical or horizontal section can be defined in
77. eis in 3D space is assumed that the variation of the rock properties goes along the model s profile While the variation perpendicular the model s plane along the Y axis is negligible This method can generate not only 2D 3C gathers but also 3D 3C ones and in case of a vector source even 3D 9C gathers can be generated The parameters of anisotropy and fracturing have to be specified The azimuth is relative to the profile line of the model ation Viseo Elastic is also an D Vertical Incidence is to simulate the vertical propagation of waves for horizontal boundaries Tt allows quick evaluation of the arrival time and the amplitudes of the reflected waves in the time section under the condition of strict ID propagation of seismic energy To access this method this method please first create 3D observation system See 9 1 then un Run 3D modeling 2015 Tesse Technologies User Documentation no 30 Vedeing Genera Properies Es Modena rames ap ert nde E deat Ge Fe a me m Rec 2 Yes E so gt Je ve ns so lo zen 6 je sm esent stra re vem v Do rot create nen launch eder uad 3D 3C Acousti Conditions of realistically heterogeneous in all 3 directions X
78. el in SEG Y or TGR format the command Model gt Export to Seismic Format TGR is used 2015 Tesse Technologie User Documentation 202 rosea t 0gBB axBHEAARS JMN GELT ise S Z b gR N CUTE 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 203 10 1 7 SEG Y File Resampling Choose the command Run gt General Purpose Procedures gt SEG Y File Resampling 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 10 1 8 Difference of 2 Seismograms The command Run gt General Purpose Procedures gt Difference of 2 Sei emograms is used to calculate the difference between 2 synthetic gathers created by similar models Ir may be used for example to evaluate how the perturbations of the model s parameters influences the output gather It can also be used to obtain the differences between migrated cubes or sections PSS _ E E L 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 205 10 1 9 Import Export Traces Coordinates The coordinates of sources and receivers in the headers of the traces can be exported into file using Run gt Seismic Frame gt Export Traces Coordinates The coordinates of sources and receivers in the text Fle can be imported b
79. ell please select the required well fiom the list The curve will be displayed in the Frame on the left or on the right of the well The width of each curve can be edited in the ie11 Properties dialogue box A value of 0 means that the curve will not be smoothed and it will have the minimum possible width The curves with higher width values will be smoothed The other settings for the curves are similar to the ones described in Section 5 70 The width of the region for curve display can be adjusted in the General tab by setting Width of well log display region parameter IEEE eu mo es pl Lara Eon imm E CEJ 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 15 3 3 Layer Visualization You can display special marks at the intersections of wells with the tops of layers To do this go to the Strata tab in the Well Properties dialogue box The list on the left of the dialogue box shows available layers The Tayers in The Tist on the right will be displayed in the Frame as circles on the wells You can define the circles width in the Genera tab by setting the Stratum marker fictive radius parameter Technologies User Documentation 16 Annex 1 Measurement units select the measurement units the command File gt Project Properties is used
80. elow Create Mew is for inserting a new row into the database s layer code table The new layer c de in the wells assigned to this row Assign is to assign the layer code in the well selected from the list Assign Empty is for setting the layer code in the well to 0 Cancel Tor no action 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation NOTE The layer code is of great importance for building by layer intersection data and automatic creation of polygons in the model The attribute name is ignored in both cases and only the strata cade is used Thus it is recommended Whenever possible to identify the new layer name with an existing code from the Assign a value dialogue box is recommended to check the results of the loaded Stratigraphy by selecting the Strata branch of any loaded well and then choose the command Database gt Data Properties NOTE If you do noi like the results of the loaded stratigraphy please select the field With the mouse and then use the command Database gt Delete from Field gt Strata and repeat the loading process again STEP 5 Load well log data The well logging curves are loaded from LAS files fora Well or a field with the command Database gt Import data A selection of multi LAS files is supported in the dialogue box After having selected the File s and clicking the button a dialogue
81. em ET The TGR format does not contain the geographical coordinates of the traces and the altitudes of the receivers Check the box Write coordinate from model to obtain this information from the Model Frame and then writ jt into the trace header of the output SEG Y 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 197 10 1 2 Split Seismogram by Shotgathers The command Run gt General Purpose Procedures gt Split Seismogram by Shotgathers is for splitting merged synthetic gathers into separate files n terms of the number of shot points one file for each shot gather mm rout fie Usare Stefan DesitapWesseral I 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 198 10 1 3 Split SEG Y File into Pieces of Limited Size The command Run gt General Purpose Procedures gt Split SEG Y File by Limited Size Pieces is to split the SEG Y files into separate Tiles each file Tot exceeding the size specified inthe Output file Size MS parameter ae SRS Ld ZENG 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 10 1 4 Merge Seismograms The command Eun gt General Purpose Procedures gt Merge Seismograms is for merging the selected files into one the output file will have all the traces OF the pur Tes in the same order as they were entered in the list If the coordinates of the selected files match each other exactly the procedure will work
82. eral Technologies User Documentation 188 9 4 Double couple sources in 3D modelling now possible to simulate arbitrary oriented double couple sources expressed by stress matrices or moment tensors in survey ext This functionality ean be implemented for any 3D modelling method except for the 3D acoustic In order to implement it the user will first need to load a surface see Section 14 and build a 3D observation system see Section 9 7 Afterwards click Run gt Run 3D Modelling and follow the instruction in Section 7 Afr specifying all modelling settings cick ni sh and Run modelli Shouse Record nota 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 189 Wenn uM e Haiti GPU OLDA EET Click Terminate as soon as at least 1 of the job has been completed Once the job has been terminated locate the survey3d txt fle from the recently created job folder and open it in Microsoft Excel The surrey MLtxt contains the XYZ coordinates of every source receiver pair of the designed 3D survey Le the coordinates of every trace and the user will have to fill the entire Inline Crossline columns with zeros and the with 1 which simply disables it during comp Num Technologies User Documentation 190 Introduce the moment tensor for KTau11 KTau22 KTa033 12 KTau13 K
83. es User Documentation Group Sources Please select the sources for which you would like to run the may tracing The parameter Every receiver determines the step in receivers for each source Group Time P time file S time file For the ray tracing you can use the Tiles of travel time that were previously calculated by any finite difference modeling method the command Run gt Rum modeling Use Anisotropy Please check it if you want to take into account the anisotropy during the ray tracing NOTE The anisotropy parameters are specified in the dialogue box for specifying the parameters of the model layers Please select the command Model gt Edit Polygon and then in the dialogue box Polygon Properties click the button Anisotropy amp Other Properties Group Model By default the option Generate before ray tracing is ked Because calculation of the model may be long if the velocity for the model polygons is calculated by well log curves If the model has not been since the last ray tracing or modeling the new model calculation is not required and you may leave the checkbox Generate before tracing unchecked The buton Default is to set the default parameters and file names automaticaly 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 9 3D Ray tracing To perform 3D Ray tacing in Tesserl Pro it is necessary to have a 3D Velocity Mode in SEG Y format see 134 reflecting
84. es YA il need calce me DENSON ie Paredes Part Cannes EnengetPartin 0 Cara Merdan othe mess mentation 166 9 2 3D Ray Tracing Modeling To simulate 3D Ray tracing in Tesseral Pro you need to create a 3D model consisting of velocity Model in Seg Y format see 9 11 0 reflecting surface in one of the standard grid formats see 14 1 and create 3D survey layout see 9 1 2015 Tesseral Technologies ser Documentation 167 9 24 Previewing 3D Velocity Model In order to preview the 3D velocity model as SEG Y file the user can load it into the Seismic Frame see Section 73 and then display it in 3D View Frame see Section 15 To load the 3D SEG Y file choose one of the File gt Load Seismic gt Load Seismic File New Frame menu commands Select the file in the Standard File Open dialog box and in the dialo ismie File or Please select the type of seismic data in To Model3D say hodeiari ge o T nti is remembered and next time you Toad the same choose Model or Migrated gather Your choi file you will not be asked The file will open in the new Seismic Frame More details on managing and displaying 3D Model files can be found in Section 9 13 4 You can also display the same 3D Model file in 3D view To do this create a new 3D View Frame by the 3D View gt View Data Cube New Frame
85. es dialogue box please select The layers for which you want to build the surface maps NOTE Depending on the input data the most suitable method is selected automatically from the list The surface calculation for the selected layers will be done automatically by the selected mapping method Please sec the results 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 21 sew NOTE If you want to re build surfaces using another mapping method or to build other layer surfaces please choose the command Map gt Add New Horizon from Hell Tops again The program will propose you to delete the existing surface if you ant fo re calculate it again CCC 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 292 14 2 5 Handling surfaces Please use the command gt Manage Delete Surfaces to delete and modify the properties name top and bottom of any surface displayed in the Frame NOTE The Undo Rado commands are not supported while handling surfaces creating loading deleting 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 14 2 6 Surface display The display parameters for the Map Frame can be changed in the Map Properties dialogue box the command Edit gt Edit Frame Properties perties orMap gt Map Frame lt NE E
86. export Model to Seismic Format is to save the Model Frame into a 2D grid of seismic format In the Model Frame the model consists of polygons model in vector format In some other programs such as ray tracing migration and other processing procedures in Tesseral Pro the input model is assumed to be in form of grid To export Model Frame to a grid file use the command Model gt Export to Seismic Format SEG Y TGR ee lt 7 E _ en senate Sewer Sie by etn E CS Hepat asim ion eres EEJ poe Ce E rd The output file may be in SEG Y format For isotropic model 3 output files are created for the compressional velocity shear velocity name of the output fle PQR RSGY and density name of the output fle POR Q SGY components respectively The output grid files may be in TGR format i e the internal Tesseral format Separate output files are created for all 3 components of the depth model compressional shear velocity and density as well as anisotropy parameters if the checkbox Export Medium Anisotropic Properties was checked 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 10 1 1 Copy Gather to SEG Y Format The command Run gt General Purpose Procedures gt Copy Seismogram to SEG Y Format is used to transform files from the internal TGR or SDC PC formats into he standard SEG Y format p S
87. f the other polygons can be specified ck Next You will see the Base Polygon dialogue model Technologies User Documentation 16 After clicking Finish the Frame Model will be created and you will be asked to design the acquisition geometry used for modeling as shown below r Lx o This message will always pop up after creating a new model Please see more details about designing related source receiver distribution in the Section Afier the empty Frame Model is created it has to be overlapped with polygons with various velocities density and other rock physical parameters Please see more details about how to build model using polygons in Section 4 17 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 7 4 3 Creation of a model from a SEISMIC file If you have a 2D or 3D velocity depth model in SEG Y format you can use it as an underlying image for the model For example RS ear REAL se ee eS ae RES E EROR the option of usir model veloci This means that instead of drawing polygons and adjusting their parameters users have SEG Y files directly Users only need to select the size and location of the If the SEG Y files contain only compressional velocity then the other parameters shear density will be calculated automatically by using some empirical formulae Importing density shear velocity a
88. g uz TCP 3183 UDP 3I84UDP Configuration files for advanced settings For server NNKSRV32 INI in Guardant Net Services directory For client GNCLIENTINI In Tesseral Directory 2 Setting up the Firewall for system administrators sellevelinije ji is M Setting up the Firewall Click Advanced tab then Settings button 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation MI PRE Truman ner Cx em lt Click Ad then enter connect axi m P tion data for 3182 then click OK EE E avem 3 POPA p ue IL E sommes so omg vao D rene ae Tat peer proe em oca um d Repeat forthe 3183 and 31847 poris User Documentation ENT 3 Questions and Answers a Q Network key monitor shows blank window Please try followin Check if the green indicator in the USB key is lit If not please download and install the latest drivers Try to reboot your server Cheek your firewall please see 2 in Section 19 5 1 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation ES b Q Tesseral 2D Pro does not see the network key Please the following Check your firewall please see 2 in Section 1 5 1 Check the configuration in gn
89. g a model from the well data 1 Click Model gt Create Velocity Model New Frame 2 Inthe dialogue box Create new Model click the button From database WELLS gt 3 Inthe dialogue box Select Wels select the wells to be loaded from the list 115 You may mark one or several Fields and then in the box Wells only wells Trom these Fields will be shown After selecting the wells press button OK and go to the dialogue box fie 1 1s In the dialogue box 1 15 the geographical location of the selected wells s shown and you may add or remove wells from the profile using the buttons Adel gt and Delete lt Technologies User Documentation Es Tar When all the needed wells are loaded into the model press the button Next gt In the next dialogue box Profile specify the coordinates of the model s profile or draw the profile manually by using mouse press drag_release In the next dialogue box Sect ion please set the top and the bottom of the model 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation too om In the next dialogue box Base Polygon please specify the polygon velocity of the basic In the next dialogue box tell dat jar the wells the logging data will be shown sort
90. h loading SEG files are caused by incorrect reading of the data related to the timing of the signal registration and incorrect reading of the data related to coordinates and altitude of sources and receivers Partially these problems can be solved in the Seismic Properties dialogue box the Seismic gt Seismic Frame Properties command Sammon nt avout sro on Sues In the Seismic File Properties dialogue box please select the measurement units for scaling of the trace coordinates and of the trace interval In this case the content of the gathers itself will be not be changed changes will be saved in an auxiliary file named name of the gather fle gt er0 If you press the Apply button in the Seismic File Properties dialogue box the file with the suffix 210 will be deleted and the previously entered sealing constants will be cleared Sometimes the trace coordinates in a SEG Y file s header are located in non standard cell 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation i i H H To prepare a gather for loading please choose the Seismic gt Raw Trace View Window command After the seismic file is chosen 2 windows will be opened In one of the Windows the trace preview is shown in the same order as the traces in the file and in the second window the table with headers of an individual trace is shown
91. h sources and receivers are located inside the well STEP 1 Acquisition scheme Inthe dialogue box Observation scheme select Dipole VSP STEP 2 Sources The dialogue box Sources is the same as other acquisition schemes The only difference is that the sources are located along a vertical line or along the well STEP 3 Receivers In the dialogue box Receivers geophones like in the acquisition scheme 4 7 the layout of receivers for the first source needs to be speci STEP 4 Receivers Additional parameters Select one of the 2 options how the receivers are located along a vertical line or along the well The parameter Move receivers for every source by is used for the acquisition scheme when the receivers are moving up along the well during the seismic observations 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 102 6 6 Load acquisition geometry from gathers If you have field gathers then the information on sources and receivers coordinates from the trace headers may be used to assign the acquisition scheme for a model STEP 1 Acquisition scheme In the Observation scheme dialogue box select Load from seismogram In the next standard File open dialogue box select the seismic the sources and receivers will be loaded from the trace s header of the selected gather 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 6 7 Load acquisition scheme from SPS files STEP 1 Acquisition scheme
92. he project Furthermore some data in the database for example a particular field may contain data in the imperial measurement system and other data may be in the metric one To transform the data for such field from one measurement system to another please select the field with mouse in the database tree and then choose the command Da Convert Units In the dialogue box above select the data you would like to convert and conversion direction from fito or from m to fi NOTE Before well data is used Tor model building the data must be converted to the project s measurement units the command Database gt Convert Units The values of curves loaded to the database may also be converted but it has to be done one by one To do this please select the needed curve in the database tree and choose the command Database gt Data Properties 2015 Tesse Technologies User Documentation nr fr Scb mem ee uso pee FE on EUER Fes Dmm cete LISSE anc hl E P E Zu 3 c id cmi In the Log Properties dialogue box check Edit Log and press Transform In the next dialogue box Transforming Data enter the scaling coefficient It is recommended to perform such data transformation for all the acoustic logs in all wells of the same deposits so that the same measurement units are used Afer hav
93. he Recording Patch dialog of the isition Geometry you can click Use mask and Inline receivers group and Crossline receivers group will be ignored and a newly designed recording patch will be used for the whole survey In Survey bearings you can specify the dimensions and direction of 3D survey Technologies User Documentation 146 Team te ta Remo sant ans Dum Pm me ten cU creme um Fe nen 5 mu FSO SR EE SAGE RER RE ns DUREE m meme es User Documentation 147 NOTE The coordinates of the 3D survey s Origin X bes Y beg INLINE CROSSLINE Length and Azimuth can be assigned visually in the Map frame using Map Section Mode command Draw a profile line using left mouse button click draw release and open the Map Acquisition Geometry dialog If you are creating a 3D survey for the first time the direction of this survey will coincide With the direction of the line which you have just drawn If you want to change the dimension or direction of an already created survey then using the mouse you need to select the command Map 3D survey Modes Moving with rotation See the instructions below eral Technologies User Documentation 9 1 3 Move and Rotate 3D survey The 30 survey Modes Moving with rotation command is use
94. he drivers for USB key will be set up during the installation After successful installation 1 cesse dialog below will appear Welcome tote Tesseral Pro Installation Wizard In the User Information dialogue box you may enter your name and specify if other users can use Tesseral Pro on this computer the current user only or all the users of this computer Pro pl EET E CCE Co Afer installing Tesseral Pro just lick Tesseral Pro in the start menu to start Tesseral 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation i saine pee amie 14 esa Ter pe pre When Tesseral Pro is started for the first time you need to enter your registration information or insert your USB key see Licensing Policy at Section 5 After registration the program is ready for use Aone i Soe perenne eic iem s Without a license in the demo mode the functions of synthetic gathers modeling and gathers processing are unavailable for the users 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 2 1 System Requirements Minimum Recommended Windows 1 6 GHz CPU 512 MB RAM 400 MB free space on HDD Windows 23 GHz CPU 1GBRAM 2 GB free space on HDD Network Card access corporate database 3 Introduction After launching the Tesseral Pro a We 1 come dialogue bo
95. he procedure is for creating migration image directly ftom gathers without creati time section or post stack migration The command Run gt 2D Migration Time Stack Kirchhoff Migration PS sue went te EEE genou Gr ad wi 4 e pen m n a ma we domain gt Time P This migration needs the time domain average velocity model as input which may be obtained by using the commands Model gt Export to Seismic Format SEG Y TGR and then Run gt Velocity Model gt Average Velocities from Model Users can specify velocity measurement units in the model 1 5 or t Ifthe migration aperture is not specified the program may use the default values To specify the apertures explicitly the buttons in the Apertures group are used Add Delete Delete 11 Load from file and Save to a file The migrated section is specified by the parameter Profile Coordinates whose direction is specified by the Adjust button and Output Section size and step along the profile These are mandatory parameters to be input by the user The signal stretching is limited by Gradient whose default value is 0 5 Ifthe gradient is too small the images will be too spread if the gradient is too big some objects may disappear PP The result may be normalized in this case the noise and the low signals will be amplified Usually normalization is not applied the
96. he usual Computation dialog is displayed Pages ce Re Ter Pointer VES S ED si sz ion Fe Name Raye rie Name Pepere dora Sting TW Ove Sa oH 00027 pros eral Technologies User Documentation 9 2 4 Viewing the Illumination map After the computation finishes the resulting illumination file is loaded into the Map Frame You are prompted to generate isolines this is optional De Yon Mas pene Dee bn Pose BAAR Rio 5 OR FER O Hi You can load the illumination map ata later time using the File gt Load Surface iile menu command The file is located in the folder specified in the 3D Ray Tracing dialog Tee 72 3 Now you can display the reflection surface filled with the illumination map in the 3D View Frame To do this choose the menu command 3D View gt View Data Cube Frame The Add items dialog box appears New 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation E Cancel out of this dialog at this time do not click OK The empty 3D View Frame is created Now choose 3D View gt Add Surface gt Project The Add Surface From Project dialog nom pn In he Jet Tist All Layers select the reflection surface and click gt The Surface name Will be moved to
97. ic layers that need To mapped d nen surfaces seems Ges amp suasanane LE civit tator Dro cn E 3 p mm Wicw2 Bottom Bottom ch 7 cms sonum omm ch V conocer 5 me 5 mmo EE Daar boom m Asana sceciners Automatic select layers provides various selection criteria for choosing these layers For example Only all wells automatically selects only the layers that are common to all wells in the projet Once the layers have been selected the user will have to specify the interpolation method to be used in the Choose mapping method window see Section 14 2 4 mapping method SESS feos Beyond this point the generated stratigraphic surfaces can be examined in gt Manage Delete Surfaces From this point on the user should follow the instructions from Section 4 17 ie starting With drawing a cross section across the surfaces first Map gt Section Mode logis User Documentation 59 Followed by assigning values to the void layers created by the stratigraphic surfaces in the Map gt Manage Delete Surfaces gt 3D model Properties Tesis mm min vue aw d Dise Eeeeh Gao Go 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 60 4 12 1 Building a thin layered 3D model In order to bui
98. ictly designed for VTL mediums T implements spectral decomposition along X Y and also time and as a result the wave field propagates in 1D along the Z axis The method essentially allows the user rate partial wave fields by allowing the user to choose the type of propagating i e Wave and receiving Le Generate wave type waves while allowing full mode conversion in inter bedded layers CD Cas Coe The Slowness Coefficient by xal Slowness Coefficient by 1200 in this case implies that the range of slowness is limited by 1200 Vs where Vs is he minimum shear wave velocity in the model The Number parameter determines the number of used harmonies i slowness With these two variables all possible reflected and surface waves can be modeled provided that large Number of slowness is used Le 601 A smaller number of slowness would result in modeling of reflected waves only while supressing the surface ones e g Rayleigh Waves clastic method is used to evaluate the effects of seismic energy in 3D medium with or without any 1 1 anisotropy For this method the Quality Cube file ie factor cube needs to be loaded in the 3D Modeling meral Properties tab for the 3D Elastic or 3D Elastic Anisotropic modelling procedure Technologies User Documentation 30 Mc ering Properies Moicnaremdne xoc roten zi o
99. iffness Coefficients or directly specify the Stiffness Tensox forthe chosen polygon Technologies User Documentation 9 5 14 Porous Medium Parameters The user can now specify the porous medium parameters for any polygon in the model In order to access these parameters right click on the polygon of interest and select Edit Polygon gt Porous Us Wash vue FonSesnegan Fanlog on EH n a wa n Seat D m ER Basta fugas C 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 2 Once the Porosity is specified along with the elastic wave velocities and density for the Mineral Dry Rock and Fluid the saturated rock velocities and bulk density in Pol Properties window will change accordingly i e based on Gassman s equation Porous Medium Parameters Compressori veot Sm Show testy 290 om Dee 270 den arr eet ue eri B Series 35787 mis Compressa eoat m Corgessero eoe logis User Documentation 6 Acquisition geometry abus Map Som Rn eb JARA O0 Ue do BIS vw ento sve yd suce Sources are shown as triangles To make a source active selected in the ode Frame click it with the left mouse button The active source will be filled in grey color The receivers
100. ill be improved however this Can affect the program performance The Length of a straight pipe section parameter is not for displaying the inclinometry data saved in the database but for selecting Ihe values from the database provided thatthe distance along the well between the two neighboring values is bigger than the given value of this parameter This parameter affects performance of the program in the same way as the parameter Number of slices to form a pipe You limit the well in depth by using the parameters Mix and Max aller checking the Dep range option The parameters Width of well log display region and Stratum marker fictive radius are used to adjust the display of the corresponding well logs and layers and are described below Technologies User Documentation 15 5 2 Well logs visualization add a well log into the Frame please use the Well Properties dialogue box and thea go to the Logging tab The Hell lcg list contains the names of the curves to be displayed in the Frame the options The right of the list are for adjusting the active curve The curves are added to the list by using the Select Curves dialogue box Initially the list in the Select Curves dialogue box contains all available curves from the wells in the Frame if the Frame does not have any wells the dialogue box will contains the list of all curves in the database To obtain the list of the curves for one specific w
101. ilt automatically on the basis of the calculated loaded surfaces More details about the Map Frame can be found in the Section 74 Seismic Frame Seismic displays gathers in SEG Y SDS PC and TGR Tomas 3D gathers display also is supported Please see Section 17 for details about the Frame Seismic 3D View Frame is for visualization of 3D images Please see Section 15 for 202 details about the 3D View Frame create a new frame use the command File gt New Frame Aller that in the dialogue box of the frame parameters the default values may Be changed Each type of frame has its own 2 headers the upper and the lower one In the upper header any text is displayed by default the upper header looks like the header of a pane in Windows and the lower header contains special information specific for each type of Frame uper ep i eus las orem e foundary NOTE Double click on the header of any frame to expand this frame to the whole window size equivalent to the command View gt Frame Full Screen The repeated double click on a frame header arranges frames in form of grid inside the window equivalent to the command View gt Arrange Frames 243 11 2 Frame Selection Please use the left mouse button to select a Frame from the document field The selec
102. image will appear in the top view line between the surface and the cube is shown as dark green line in the Technologies User Documentation 13 7 Horizontal sections Tesseral Pro implements a rather unconventional for other gather viewing software mode for displaying horizontal slices This mode is useful for 2D visualization of the raster 3D cubes In the figure below the horizontal above and the vertical below sections of the raster 3D velocity model are shown In these sections the profiles lines are shown along which the horizontalverticl sections were created The profile line in the horizontal section is for creating a vertical section and vice versa To build a horizontal section just switch to the drawing mode and click on an arbitrary point in the vertical section Then the horizontal section passing through the given point will be created automatically and displayed in the top view see the top image Ifa vertical line is drawn in the vertical section a horizontal section will be created whose value at each position is the average value spanning the drawn ine see the bottom image The area for which the horizontal section is created will be shown by hatching To remove the horizontal section while in the drawing mode please click an arbitrary point in the vertical section while pressing Ct 1 button 2015 Tesseral Technologie
103. ing normalized the logging data itis possible to choose the measurement units for all curves of the model during model creation by well data by specifying the Measurement unit parameter in the Log dialogue box 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation E wem FT pom emere zl m gun IEO RERS RETTE rej Stu varnoun netoen FE While the polygon s parameters are filled with interpolated well data the logging data are first converted to the selected measurement units of the project m s fus kg m giem To ensure correct conversion of the measurement units the measurement units logging must be correctly set in the Measurement unit parameter 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 17 Annex 2 Geophysical database To connect to the database expand the upper node of the Database tree in the left pane of the Tesseral Pro window 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 316 17 1 DBMS Tesseral Pro uses DBMS MS SQL Server or MS Access to store well log data 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation am 17 2 Diagram of Classes 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation am 17 3 Description of tables and basic fields Tesseral Pro has the following well log data structure The upper level is Fields Fields table The database can contai
104. isition geometry while creating synthetic gathers and design the model surface using the real altitudes of sources und receivers itis recommended to use an SPS fle to create the new model NOTE The SPS files may be also used only Tor reproducing the acquisition geometry in a created model Please see details in the Section 4 7 To use this feature click Model gt Create Velocity Model New Frane Then in the dialogue box Create new Model press the button From SPS file gt Then in the dialogue box Load SPS files select the files of sources receivers and their acquisition geometry Also please note that SPS scripts of all types are supported as well as SEG scripts KML KMZ and TXT file withthe following simple format SrcX StcZ RevX RevY RvZ mm Sst Ce Cons m After specifying and loading the correct SPS file type click Next and in the dialogue box Profile specify the model profile 2015 Tesse nologies User Documentation A Ee mu as OE RAS 8 ome ome In the figure above the red rectangles indicate the sources and the blue dots indicate the receivers Please note that it is only possible to build 2D models in the Tesseral Pro and so only the sources and the receivers close to the selected profile will be included To select the profile coordinates more accurately please use the button Zoo
105. l Inthe Depth interval group please specify the top and the bottom of the model To select the data to be displayed for the well In the e12 data group 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation teen 2 E pem Left side The data to be displayed on the left side of the well bores Right side The data to be displayed on the right side of the well bores Please select the type of well data you want to display Log The well log data From the dialogue box of the well log parameters please select the Togs you want to display For more details see the Section 5 70 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 12 2 Model re size The command Model gt Scale is used f won me por sms ar Using this command you may change the size of the model by stretching or compressing all polygons and location of sources and receivers consistently which is done by specifying the parameter Re size model by Scale NOTE Ifyou like to change the measurement units for the whole project t tc mor moto recommended to use the command File gt Project Properties please see details in the Section 15 If the parameter Leng not be stretched nor shified Top Botton is changed the polygons of the model will Technologies User Documentation 12 3 Model export is p
106. lated by repeating the command Run gt 2D Model Ray Tracing H the calculation is recalled with the same parameters Tor the same layer is results will auiomatically replace the existing results By default the Mode Frame shows the result of the last calculation The ray paths displayed in the Model Frame for the current calculation can be changed by using the command Model gt Raypath Data and Visualization Properties In the same dialogue box you may see the parameters of the current calculation change the mode of displaying the rays and delete some of the past calculations 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation Visualization Properties NOTE All rayacing calculations are saved im the project Hle ipa fle Please ensure that ray calculation results will not overwhelm the document Delete the unnecessary calculations by the dialogue box Model gt Raypath Data and MS mu e 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation Capa ae set P oan arenose mney i 8 1 Ray path display in Frame Model Show all rays The ray paths from the current calculation are shown Shaw Raypath for active source only The ray paths from the active source are shown The ray paths from non active sources are marked in grey color Show rays of region Display the ray paths from the curren
107. ld a 3D thin layered model from well data the user will first need to create surfaces from the stratigraphic data in the Database wells and his procedure was explained in Section 4 12 For instructions on how to import log data as well as stratigraphic and inclinometry data please follow the instructions from Section 17 5 thin layering by accessing Map gt Load Well Logs 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation If you have not drawn a profile over your map frame already please do so by going Map gt Section Mode and draw the profile using the left mouse button the log data has been selected the user will have to select the wells which are to be used for 3D thin layered model building In order to select a well right click on it in the map frame and select Add well to profile Repeat this for all desired wells Now all your logs should appear in the cross section of the map frame The thin layering for the surfaces covered by the log data is assigned as previously in the Map gt Manage Delete Surfaces gt Surface 3D model Properties tabby checking Use well log Values 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation Get values fom Vise neilon voles If you would like to fill in the all the surfaces from log data checkmark Map gt Manage Delete Surfaces gt Surface 3D model Froperties gt Filling Empty Celis as def
108. linatesof the respective 5 sources need o be filled with the same number The remaining 95 sources that are of no interest to us have to be assigned a different number for example 2 so that the whole Stun column is filled The same methodology applies if 3 or more sets of sources have to grouped per modelling job 2015 Tesser Technologies User Documentation 185 222222222 222 2222221 Once the Szcum column has all been filled save and overwrite existing survey3d txt file with the updated one make sure to also save it in TXT formar Afterwards go 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 186 back your map frame which contains the previously build 3D survey and click R Modelling Yes gt Run 2 you wane to continue the inerusted job in Cle Sida Delo 2D modeling ges M Amiel GPU OLDA pem Dom RE Y ih Overt 1591139 0205 depend emen RS Due mue aria ama aeei HORS meia RENE Eum Once the computation i compiere te tral number of seismograms produced wil equi the Tol umber of shot groupings For the example above you will end up with a total of 2 shor gathers one for the 5 grouped sources and another one for tne remaining 95 grouped sources Technologies User Documentation 187 2015 Tess
109. ll layers created by these 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation surfaces In order to do that a 2D cross section needs to be generated fist This is done by accessing gt Section Mode and drawing the profile on the surface by pressing dragging eeleasing the left mouse button In order to see the cross section you need to bring down the encircled lower header This is done by left clicking on the lower header and then dragging it down with the left mouse button 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation To assign a value compressional velocity shear velocity density ete to a particular layer click on Map gt Manage Delete Surfaces gt Surface 3D model Properties 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 46 30 Model Proper Ping ede ur cnr deat wax Ed tse yeti ves Cingar edea Depending on whether you want to fill the upper part or the lower part of the surface you specify Surface type bottom or Surface type top respectively Repeat ihis step Tor all Toaded surfaces Once completed void ie unfilled space will remain in the map frame since all surfaces can be either Type top or Type bottom and not both Finally to create a 3D SEG Y file go Run gt Map Frame gt Create 3D SEG Y 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation a Specify the X Y Z dimensions you want for you
110. logue box Addi t Lon consists of the following parameters f a e Computation Grid Prop are the parameters of the grid size and Time Tor Tinite difference modeling I is recommended to use default values by having the buttons auto pressed down Generate snapshots _ during numerical modeling a special file Enap tge is created which contains the snapshots of the wavefield The parameter Start is the time when generation of snapshots starts The parameter Step of discretization is the time interval between two successive Snapshots Generate by every source to specify the source interval with which The snapshots generated 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation n7 NOTE The snapshots file for each source uses lots of computer memory Additionally merging of the snapshots for each source into one single file this is the Last phase of synthetic gather computation requires significant time Thus it is recommended not to generate snapshots if you do not need them or specify larger time interval for generation of snapshots parameter Step and omit some sources by parameter Generate by every source The option Use attenuation determines whether to take into account the Quality factor during computation if it was specified for a polygon please see detail in the Section 5 6 Margin is for widening the computation area outside the acquisition aperture per pr
111. lying image as a background picture it is also recommended to adjust the model transparency using the command Edit gt Palette 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 5 12 Specify the polygon s components by underlying gather the dialogue box with polygon parameters the menu command Model gt Edit Folygon please define the option From Seismogram for any component The From Seismogram button will be disabled gray if an underlying gather is not defined or Component not selected for the gather please see details in the Section 4 3 JMN 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 5 13Thomson Tsvankin s Anisotropy Parameters now possible to run 2 5D Elastic Modelling for mediums with orthorhombic anisotropy An orthorhombic medium can be described by 7 dimensionless Thomson Tsvankin parameters They can he accessed in Polygon Properties gt Anisotropy Other Properties Thomson s Tevankin parameters Advanced Polygon Parameters Waring These setings be used 2D an 2 50 anne soon Far des reto hae era be grad Thann toris Parameters LN m Sem Te es gmt Lx Lem Inthe Advanced Polygon Anisotropy Parameters window the user can ei specify the Thomson Tavankin s Anisotropy Parameters and calculate the Elastic St
112. lying image for a model The menu Run gt Seismic Frame gt Export Section to 2D Seismic File is used The seismic data loaded into a Frame may be rotated along the profile by using the menu Seismic gt Rotate to Align X Axis along Section Profile But the Content of the actual seismic Tiles will not be modified as the rotation will only modify the corresponding auxiliary files with suffix 0 Technologies User Documentation 268 13 6 Overlay surfaces on seismic cubes You may load a surface and obtain the intersection line between this surface and 3D cube To do this please specify the Seismic Frame s properties and specify the name of the file containing the surface LL unes unma f des con Got RHE seex CO xs nr arc a tance em 8 jn me Jas mme ire ES eee 7 E E From safe Je itr rp EL Tesseral Pro supports loading surfaces in the following formats CSV DAT Surfer Schlumberger Triple TXT ZMap Paradigm GeoQuest Landmark Charisma YX Charisma XY ASC 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation The intersect vertical section While working in the Profile Drawing mode when you click an arbitrary point on the vertical section then a horizontal section will be created automatically such that it runs through the chosen point and is parallel to the loaded surface This
113. m In the next dialogue box Sources and receivers selection specify the parameters used for selecting The sources and receivers and binning the selected sourceslreceivers This dialogue box is needed for proper extraction of needed sources and receivers from the loaded 3D acquisition geometry 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation Then in the next dialogue box Section specify the depth range of the model and how use the altitudes of the sources and receivers saved in the SPS files the parameter Sources and n ion Set SES elevations the top of the basic polygon that is to be built by the altitudes of sources and receivers move under model top the sources and the receivers are moved to the model top ignore the basie polygon of the model and the altitudes of the sources and the Teceivers are assigned independently ivers elev 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation As in other model creation methods users need to fill in the obtained model with polygons please see details in the Section 4 17 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 4 8 Creation of a model from PICTURE This method is used for drawing model polygons manually from the underlying picture use this option click Model gt Create Velocity Model New Frame In the dialogue box Create new Model press the button From Picture gt Then in the next dialogue box select the un
114. m is tuned the computation tasks can be broken down and allocated each computer TesseralFarm gives the possibility to manage computations in separate nodes and to obtain merge the common result Please see details about the installation and tuning of the TesseralFarm in separate document Job launch and job distribution in a Windows network is done in Tesseral Pro by calling Run gt NET Run modeling Tris possible o get all computers available in the network by using Actions gt Add All Available Servers ET EXE sr So ge a RSS B ES Distribution of the job among the nodes computers is shown in the column Queue For modeling the sources allocated to each node are shown You may change the number of sources for each node by double clicking in the list When you have selected the nodes please press START and the program will start copying the files to the nodes this may happen instantaneously or may take some time depending on the sizes of files and network speed Once the copy of files to the nodes will be completed the computations in the nodes will begin You can monitor the computation in each node by the messages under the column done LT oa EXE lt w ey P une ur Iuris ECCE I E FEES ac no ma mans pe u s computation dane each ai compte mac
115. me of that layer In the Polygon Name drop down list the complete list of layers names from the database is shown The group Component is for editing the velocity density and other parameters for the polygon Ifthe Manually checkbox is not checked the corresponding values will be calculated automatically from the other parameters using empirical formulae Fram Log if checked the polygon s properties will be obtained by interpolating the dua The Select ogs button is for selecting the curves in the Model Frame andspecifying their type velocity or density and measurement units From Seismogram if checked the polygon s properties will be obtained from the data of the underlying seismic file The Property seismogram button is for selecting the underlying seismic file in the Mode1 Frame amd specifying their velocity or density and measurement units The default button is for saving the user specified values as the default values for future use when a new polygon with the same name is created The Smoothing border checkbox is for smoothing the polygon s boundaries automatically In case when the Polygon is topsbotton the top and the bottom boundaries will be smoothed independently Technologies User Documentation The Drawing Properties button is for setting the color filling of the polygon and the attributes of its boundaries It
116. menu command In The Add Dems dialog box select the ile you want fo view 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 168 F wete Focus JENS See Section 15 Tor details on 3D View options NOTE Iris not necessary for 3D ray tracing procedure to have the 3D velocity file loaded into the interface But this step is useful for previewing the file and making sure you choose the right file for the simulation 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 169 922 Loading the Reflecting Surface The reflecting surface can be in any of the standard grid formats see 14 1 To load it choose the File gt Load Surface File menu command If a Map Frame is not created it will be created and the file loaded Alternatively you can use the menu Hap gt Create New Frame and in the dialog box select Load TXT GRD surface files When loading surface you will be asked about creating isolines This is only for display and is optional After that you will be presented with the Surface properties dialog Nome FETE sian ype fo Mee PS wedge ass ET More details on the options in this dialog and on working with the Map Frame can be found in Section 14 After you click OK the surface is loaded into the Map Frame Technologies User Documentation 170 CFZOJHHOusBHAR
117. n teen Emm we hrs rire Inthe Log Properties dialogue box please check Edit Log checkbox to enter the log editing mode Then select the log interval by the mouse press drag release or use the button Select 11 to select the entire log The selected log interval can be smoothed by using the Smoothing bution or sealed by using the Transform button or deleted by using the Delete button A log interval can be drawn manually by using the mouse press drag release while the Manual Draw checkbox is checked iam I 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 18 Annex 3 Licensing policy Tessera Technologies Ine provides several ways io license Tessera Pro For detailed information about license policy please contact fesseral ishawcen 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation ES 18 1 Single user License A local alpha digital key is bundled to a particular computer Licensing with the alph digital key does not allow using this key in any other computers This may be the most suitable choice for the package s trial license public standalone PC or permanent user independent workplaces like a computer class at a training facility local hardware key provides the licensing when the HASP is plugged into a USB port of a computer User can install the same Tesseral product on other workstation
118. n gt DupLex 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation E T C talon mi Ve mom vom Im mee om edem o Inthe Duplex Wave Migration tab the user will need to double check that the Input le is The correct SGY file containing the appropriate synthetic seismograms and also specify The name as well as the location of the Output File ie the migrated seismic section The DWM algorithm is designed to image the DW energy that will arrive at atime greater than that of the primary base boundary A beam tube construction eliminates the migration noise that would result from the base boundary primary reflections in the migration summation For this reason in the Model 218 the user needs to upload the SGY P wave velocity model in depth domain that contains just the horizontal and the sub horizontal geological structures without the vertical heterogeneities that will ultimately be imaged by this method The depth model can easily be generated by going Model gt Export to Seismic Format SGY im the upper menu 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 29 The user will also need to select the Reflecting boundary polygon or base boundary Tor duplex waves reflection For exactly this reason the imported 2D model MUST at the very least have the base boundary as a polygon see section 5 The base boundary shoul
119. n accordance with he selected measurement unis Please select the component of the seismic file to be displayed by specifying the Component parameter in the Seismic File Properties dialogue box which is invoked bySeisnic gt Seismic Frame Properties man oe Rte nies Semon component Yates arae Wasabi Bes Netty re Ld me ae ee EIE Lec eet x Hee 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 16 3 Map Frame I the project s measurement units are changed the loaded and computed surfaces will be deleted To transform the size of the loaded surface from m to ff or vice versa use the command Map gt Active Surface Processing gt Scale Boundaries Fron estende E Fm d cuneum sole e m ft to mot Conve In the dialogue box above please press Co cm m to ft to convert the measurement units for the selected surface To conver the surfaces built by a database of well intersections it is possible to change the distance measurement units in the database oil field or well and then build the surface again 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 16 4 Database transform the measurement units Please see Section 7 for details about content and filling of the database The contents in the database do not depend on the selected measurement units in t
120. n of the types of keys mentioned above can be used by the client for licensing Tesseral products For example a network HASP key for 3 workplaces 2 local USB HASP keys and 2 alpha digital keys can be purchased and used together as a license for 39212 6 workplaces Each type of key may be accompanied with a particular variant of the Tesseral product Licensing for evaluation period is usually done with local alpha digita key 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 18 4 Setting up a license Licensing with Hardware key HASP allows users to run ihe Tesseral package by plugging an electronic USB device called the HASP key Hardware Against Software Piracy supplied by Tesseral Technologies Inc into a computer s USB port The HASP key Guardant driver is Microsoft certified HASP key is intially coded for the latest version of a particular Tesseral product and configuration and might not work with future versions released as the package is developed Upon the user request and payment for upgrade this key can be coded for the upgraded version and product configuration via e mail users will receive necessary instructions in this case HASP key can be coded for un limited period permanent or limited period trial or leasing period and after this period the package will not work until user gets a new permanent HASP key from Tesseral Technologies Inc or a code from Tesseral Technologies Ine via e mail A HASP key is not bu
121. n several fields The fields contain wells 11 table Each well may only belong to a single Field A well can contain Stratigraphy Strata table with stratigraphic welTcuttois Well inclinometry inclinometzy table Well logs Logs table Fields The main attribute is Name name OF the fields Wells Belongs to atributas are Number Well number name Well coordinates Elevation Kelly Bush corresponds to ihe Elevation Kelly Bush parameter inthe Well Properties dialogue box jeld The main Borehole Well bottom corresponds to the Bottom parameter in the Well Froperties dialogue box 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation Inclincmetry Belongs to the well It contains the table with coordinates of the marks along the borehole Depth Depth mark from the wellhead x y Borehole deviation from the wellhead At die current depth mark Absolute depth of the current well mark Tom the sea level positive values mean below the sea level negative otherwise Strata Belongs to the well It contains the table of the well sayer intersections The main attributes are Well strata isthe name of layers Type defines the stratigraphic type layer mass suite stage and etc of the current layer The able of allowed databa
122. nd 3D View gt Add cm Project is for loading surfaces from a Tesseral Pro project After the Add Surface From Project dialogue box the Surf dialogue box will appear Tor each loaded surface The palette can Be defined iter from the active surface or from any other surface check the Filling by another surface option The interval of the palette can be set by the user Set own interval or by the minimum and maximum values in the surface Auto fitting by surface values or by the minimum and maximum values in all surfaces in the Frame Set general depth interval Check the option Apply to all to apply the paletie settings to all available surfaces Properties 2015 Tesse Technologies User Documentation 15 3 Visualization of inclinometry logs well logs and layers To load wells from the database please use the menu command 3D View gt Add Remove Wells then in the 11 dialogue box define the list of wells you would ike do se Properties the Frame To set well properties use the command 3D View T E p 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation Well 303 15 3 1 General tab General well properties A well can be shown in form ofa line or 3D pipeline with a given radius the Pict ive Radius parameter by checking the Pipeline View option Ifthe Number of slices Fo form pipe parameter is increased the image quality w
123. nd anisotropy from SEG files is also supported The time domain model in SEG Y format may also be used But it needs to be transformed into depth model in advance the Run gt Velocity Model gt Time to Depth Transformation menu is used for this purpose Please sec more details in the Section 1712 2 NOTE In Tesseral Pro SEG Y files can be visualized by using the menu Seismic gt Load Seismic File New Frame please see the Section 13 for details After clicking the Model gt Create Velocity Model New Frame menu you will see the Create new Hodel dialogue box Then click the From SEISMIC file gt button to build he modal from the seismic file STEP 1 Selection of a SEG Y file with velocities In the File dialogue please select the 2D or 3D seismic file in one of the SEG Y or TOR formats 92015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation Apart from the compressional velocity data you may also have depth domain seismic files with density shear wave velocity or anisotropy data These files may be also used as the underlying image for the corresponding components Click the Add other component i Les button to select the files of other components in the Model from seismic files Popup dialogue bos Cresson veny anale SEULE ADO y mme E PSE TRE te pu EE E LE NE When the sei
124. ndled with a particular Tesseral installation CD The user must keep the HASP key and not lose it because the company does not provide replacement of the HASP key because itis impossible to verily the number of licenses actually used in this case HASP key is damaged users must inform company s Customer Service by e mail and then send it via mail to the provided address to get a replacement key for ils market price about USS 50 for shipping and handling The green indicator on the USB device means that the drivers are correctly installed IMPORTANT NOTE The new 2008 HASP drivers are strictly linked to the Windows not computer s bit number 32 or 64 bit During the installation the program recognizes the Windows type and installs the corresponding drivers Insert the USB key only after the instalation has finished You can t mix 32 bit with 64 bit drivers if you have install them manually The first time you run Tesseral Pro the Registration Dialogue see figure below request users to specify corresponding license information Depending on the license type you have several options Ae 1 Enter the alpha digital key and press Register 2 Insert the USB key and press Insert Emer aes af a Neto Key Technologies User Documentation 18 5 Installing Guardant Network Services To use network USB keys it is required to install the Guardant Network Services on y
125. o program supports 4 types of Frames Poses SSO Dw ORE RASS Model Frame Model is the Frame in depth Model is always created in depth The velocity model is formed by polygons based on the well logging and or seismic data The polygons are created by the user manually or automatically from the map of stratigraphic horizons see Section 74 2 7 Information related to velocity density and anisotropy or fracturing can be entered in each polygon The polygon parameters are set manually in the dialogue box or may be loaded from the well logging data for selected wells thin layering Information about shot and receiver points is also entered into the model The built velocity models with shot receiver layouts are used for calculation of the synthetic gathers For more details about the Model Frame please see Section 4 6 and 72 Map Frame Map is the Frame where the map of the wells location within the Field and the map of the surface calculated by the well data or imported from extemal text files are displayed The information needed for calculation of the surfaces namely the coordinates of the layers and the wells intersections should be loaded to the database in advance Tesseral Pro has 9 methods for map generation such as spline approximation Kriging and multiple regression The cross section model Model Frame for any section traced in the map is bu
126. oci Determines the number of cores used during means that all the processor cores are used Produce time field During the computation of the wavefield the time Field of the incident waves can be generated First Arrivals for the first Components value range When the model is built by well database please see details in the Section 5 10 the parameters limit the values of velocity and density of the polygons which are obtained from the well logging data by interpolation eral Technologies User Documentation 734 Elkonal Ray Tracing Modeling For eikonal ray tracing modeling method the parameter Max Dip of reflector is added which limits the slope angle of the reflector The feature of Snapshot is not supported in case of eikonal ray tracing IPC cain FE To mem E e it mn 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation m 732 25D Elastic Anisotropic Modeling For 25D modeling Receiver Lines for Shotgathers group is added in the first General dialogue box which allows specifying the range and interval of the receiver line in the direction of the crossing line If a 2D VSP acquisition geometry was built then the user can replicate it to a circular VSP survey by selecting VSP radial allocation scheme of sources 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 120 swe ae ME ET
127. ocumentation Polygon Type bottom the user needs to draw only the bottom of the polygon And thes the other 3 boundaries will match the corresponding boundaries of background model base polygon automatically Please note ifthe top of the background model is located above the zero depth the top of polygon will be set to the level of zero depth S Polygon Type closed loop object a closed boundary need to be raw 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation Polygon Type line deep break only line is drawn its thickness can be specified by the parameter width of line m or ft in the dialogue box Polygon when this type of polygon is selected zs sien ere ese Once the polygon has been created please right click the mouse or double click the left mouse button must be done within the Model Frame Then a new extended dialogue box will appear for users to edit the polygon s properties Alter exiting from the dialogue box Folygon Properties users can add more nodes to the boundaries of the created polygon 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation by clicking the mouse on its boundary 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 5 2 Change polygon s shape Users can select a polygon eithe
128. ommands Scale Smooth Rotate from the menu Map gt Active Surface Processing and im Undo Redg are not applicable 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 295 14 2 7 Build model from surfaces Before building a model using surfaces it is recommended to load or calculate these surfaces in Tesseral Pro You do not need to have all surfaces ready before building the model This process can be iterative ie you can delete add re calculate surfaces and re build the existing model using the new surface data The steps to building a model from surfaces are as follows STEP 1 Select the wells for the section line profile To select wells among those displayed in the Map Frame please right click the mouse button on the well you want to add to the profile Then in the context menu select the command Add Well to Profile The picture will not be changed after selecting the first well Please repeat the process to add the other wells Please see the results To delete a well from the profile please use the command Delete Well Profile in the context menu or the gt Profile menu To clean the entre profile use he command gt Profile gt Empty Profile STEP 2 Draw section line Please select the mode Map gt Section Mode Then use the left mouse button to draw press drag release a section Tine Please see the results 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation
129. omplicated to find the needed one The project ree will simplify this task The branches in the tree have the same names as the corresponding modeling method Ela The remaining seismic files which are created for instance by procedures of gather processing are located in the branch Seismic files of the project tree A double mouse click on a file in the project tee will create a Seismic Frame for this file in the right window of Tesseral Pro The branch Database connects to the Tesseral Pro database please see details in the Section 17 eral Technologies User Documentation 250 Some branches of the project tree are the frame branches Model Surface and Seismic Double click these items to maximize the corresponding size in the window on the 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 12 Model Frame The Model Frame is used for creating depth velocity models using polygons well data underlying seismic images 2D or 3D models Afer that the velocity depth model is used for calculating synthetic gathers Please see Section for details about model creation Section 5 9 and 7 5 for using well data Section 4 17 about filling of a model with polygons Section about creation of the acquisition geometry Section 7 about launching job of modeling a synthetic gather Section 15 about displaying computed gathers seismic models and field gathers Please see below for
130. ons of the geographic coordinates of the traces correspond to the visual ones Normalize Palette by Visible Data Ei fixes the maximum and the minimum in the color palette to match the minimal and maximal values in the data currently visible in the Frame Normalize Palette by All Data 8 fixes the maximum and the minimum in the color palette to match the minimal and maximal values in the seismic files currently loaded in the Frame Show Compon bles to select the components to be displayed for the TGR format laxt Previous Shotpoint enables to set nextprevious source as the current source Coordinates enables to export the trace coordinates to Coordinat enables to import the trace coordinates om a text le 9 re load the data in the Frame re read all the data from the stismic Tiles pply Settings to all Seismic Frames Vi enables to apply the settings of the current Frame to other Frames eral Technologies User De 13 4 Preview of 3D seismic models or 3D migration results Users can preview the 3D raster cubes in the Seismic Frame using the mode Show as Model B and forming horizontal and vertical slices along any user defined profile As such Cubes are in the format of seismic data the cube content is in form of traces In this case to describe the X and Y coordinates the coordinates of the trace receiver are used and the Z coordinate is determined from
131. ossible to export a model to any of the 3 seismic formats TGR SDS PC or SEG Y and to TAM format used by Tesseral 2D 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 12 3 1 Model export to a seismic format Please use the command Model TGR Export to Seismic Format ir Ettema Terragen im An pein teen tims Mess Comes we 100 De kawa Gn peu mo In this dialogue box please specify the cell size the name of the output file The imum and maximum values of each component in the Components value range are to limit the possible spikes after interpolating the well log data NOTE if the TGR file contains multiple components or if you export a model in SDS PC or SEG Y formats then 3 files will be generated one file for each component File With the selected name will contain the data of Conpressional velocity dfe name gt POR sgy Density file name PQR QSGY and Shear veloci fle name gt POR RSGY After creating these files a Seismic Frame should appear in the Tesseral Pro window to display the gathers created from the model Please see results eral Technologies User Documentation RUOTA NOTE The acquisition parameters data are not exported when model is exported to any seismic format 2015 Tesseral
132. our computer that will serve as the key server If you are not using network license you may skip this section The Guardant Network Services can be downloaded for free by following this link geopoisk com tesseral download GuardnetNetServices zip Detailed guide for installing Guardant Network Services can be downloaded by following this next link hipy www tesseral geo com dacumentation eu license TesseraiNetworkl_icensetnstllation pdf More technical details are described in the key vendor s manual bhp wwu tesseral peo com documentation en license Guardant LAN Guide pdt Unzip and run the installation program STEP I Click Next gt STEP 2 Select the Destination Folder and press Next gt 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation E STEP 3 Insert your USB key and then press Next gt and check The Host name 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation E Guardant Net Server ar server me Er STEP 4 To use the Remote USB key please enter the Host name in the Tesseral registration dialogue box and press Connect 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 18 5 1 Troubleshooting Read this part only when you encounter problems 1 Technical information for system administrators Guardant Network Services use the following TCP IP ports both ingoing and outgoin
133. ource a group of receivers have to be selected STEP 1 Acquisition geometry In the dialogue box Observation scheme please select Fixed receiver position In the following dialogue box you should specify the source line independently and then specify the group of receivers for each source STEP 2 Sources for the acquisition geometry Fixed receiver position The dialogue box Sources is the same for all types of acquisition geometries More detailed information is given above STEP 3 Receivers for the acquisition geometry Fixed receiver position For the scheme Fixed receiver position the dialogue box Receivers geophones is similar to the dialogue box Sources The parameters From and To specify Tistance along the profile line of the model Please see the detailed deseription for the dialogue box Sources above Please specify the number of receivers from the whole receiver line used both to the left and to the right of the source 97 6 3 Zero offset In this scheme each source has used for ray racing STEP 1 Acquisition geometry In the dialogue box Observation scheme please select the option zezc shooting In the next dialogue box you should specify the source line Receivers will be positioned automatically in a way that only one receiver is assigned to each source and the coordinates of each receiver will be identical to its corresponding source STEP 2 Sources fo
134. parameters such as compressional and shear wave velocity density anisotropic parameters and fracturing In such manne any area of the model can be filled with polygons with determined properties During the setup of the modeling job synthetic gathers calculation grid withthe given step along the section direction and depth direction is created fum the polygonal model The Parameters for each node of this grid are obtained from the polygon in which the node is located Ifthe location ofa node is overlapped by several polygons then is parameters are obtained from the upper most polygon 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 5 1 Create a polygon manually Please select the menu Model using the mouse and then select the command New Polygon the dialogue box New Polygon please select or specify the polygon name Pelygon tame and select the type of polygon to be created Polygon Type The following polygon types are supported Polygon Type tcp amp bottom the user needs to draw the top and bottom of The polygon The right and lef sides will match to the corresponding boundaries of background model base polygon Tye wpe Polygon Type the user needs to draw only the top of the polygon And ihn the other 3 boundaries will match the corresponding boundaries of background model base polygon automatically 2015 Tesseral Technologies User D
135. press and the Log dialogue box dialogue the logging next dialogue box Add polygons sean esteri amet is surves should appear near the wells Press the Next will close As the result in the Well data gt button to go to the egeris EEE merita wa E eem D In the dialogue box Add Polygons from the drop down list Create Polygons from Layers the followi Ns do not create the polygons automatically 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation options are available for the creation of polygons ALL layers to create the polygons for all ib ers which exist at least in ne of the Sd wel I means tat ide layer exists in any of the selected well i wil be sed forte ration af palygor For All vella cree polygons far the layers which exist in the elected vel As pec ue a Ieri oo present t least none ofthe selected wall wi wot for creation f polygons select the yen manually frm the Hit of the layers i the database Check Greate Polygons from Surfaces 1 creste ihe polygons using the previously loaded suce I ts dialogue Bos en can load the surfaces by clicking the ton oad es he model wil be created in which the velocities andor other parametere vie chan tiomatc rom well logging However a mentioned shove need AD load in advance the databases coordinates of the wells coo
136. profile in X direction is assigned in Coordinates along X The signal stretching is limited by the Gradient whose default value is 0 5 If the gradient is too small the images will be too spread if the gradient is too big some intervals may disappear This program uses the eikonal solver to compute time fields Discretization of the 5 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 26 computation grid is specified by STEP X Z in the Time estimation settings group The additional frame gives the option of removing the influence of the edge effects It is recommended to set iL to 5 10 grid steps Technologies User Documentation k 10 5 3 2D Duplex Wave Migration Duplex Wave Migration DWM is a newly developed technology capable of imaging events with dips 60 to 90 Duplex waves are strong enough to be used for geological purposes Duplex waves get reflected twice from a sub horizontal surface followed by reflection from the sub vertical surface or vice versa 2D DWM supports only PPP type reflections Before running 2D DWM the user first of all needs to import the 2D synthetic seismograms in SGY format as well as the 2D model which generated these seismograms This is done by clicking on Le gt open in the upper menu Once the model and its respective seismograms have been loaded the user can then proceed to the DWM settings tab by clicking Run gt 2D Migration Depth domai
137. r 3D model the grid sampling as well as the Filling cells value with which you want to fill the remaining blank layer s TF you want to the remaining blank layer s from a base seismogram Le from 3D SGY cube then load it inthe Use base seismogram Also it is possible to fill multiple layers from different base seismograms In this case these base seismograms are loaded for each surface individually in the Map gt Manage Delete Surfaces gt 3D model Properties gt Filling Empty cells las 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation default gt Use base seismogram ng este Comes pee serios vates Fe Encty Cel defi nz empty ests from oe ests me D Use bare sion Goles Des DUPLEX NEOCITIHODE 3 ise vet ig e or hear emm Important note Ifa single or several base seismograms were used for building 3D cube then the user will notice that after clicking OK inthe Run gt Map Frame gt Create 3D SEG Y the generated 3D SGY cube will NOT contain he assigned Pase seismogram Instead 3D seismogram will appear n the map frame for the assigned surface Below you can see the layer extracted from the 2D base cube 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 49 Once you repeat Run gt Map Frame gt Create 3D SEG Y the second time the correct cube will be generated So you can always use the map Trame as QC before generating the cube
138. r the acquisition geometry Zero offset shoot box Sources is the same for all the acquisition geometries The more detailed description be found in the Section 6 1 one receiver with the same coordinates It is mainly ifset Technologies User Documentation 98 6 4 VSP and VSP with ascending receivers I is used for designing VSP acquisition geometry for the case when all sources are located on the surface The receiver line can be fixed or ascending inside the well Focus BOARS NN Bp CER TES STEP 1 Acquisition scheme In the dialogue box Observation scheme select VSP moving source STEP 2 Sources The dialogue box Sources is similar to other acquisition schemes The detailed description is in the Section 6 STEP 3 Receivers 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation In the dialogue box Receivers geophones the receivers spread is specified for the first source STEP 4 Receivers Additional parameters Specify the way receivers should be positioned along the vertical line or along the well The well may be selected from the list of wells which are used in the model in the Section 12 1 itis described how to add a well into the model Below is an example of receiver spread along a well 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 100 11 1 1 i i 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 101 6 5 VSP dipole Bot
139. r the reflect detail in 14 7 Sources to compute group Specify the range of sources to compute Input the range into the edit fields or click the button to compute all sources or Active compute only the active selected source in the 3D survey layout see 7 7 Region Cube group Specify the 3D Model region for computation or use the button From Velocity File or From Surface to set the region based on the aral Technologies User Documentation surface See corresponding ranges in the files Abo in this group specify the computation steps The X step and Y step ity of rays during the computation while the Z step determines the internally used time step and influences the number of links ray contains NOTE Do not set unnecessarily small values into the step boxes doing so will significantly increase the computation time Name specifies the name of the surface file where nination map will be saved after the computation Rays File Name specifies the name of the file or group of files where the rays Trom the sour ng the receiver will be saved after the computation The file name will be automatically amended with the source index and one file will be created for each source in the 3D survey layout The user can ako choose to take into account the_Atenuation due to Ray divergence and select between 2 modes of computation Fast and Precise Click RUN and the simulation will start T
140. r using the mouse or from the list of all polygons in the toolbar The boundaries of the selected polygon are shown in green color IF you want to add a node to a polygon boundary press the left mouse button on the boundary of the polygon If you Want to remove an existing node click it with the right mouse button If you want to move a node press drag release it with the left mouse button 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation n 5 3 Move copy a polygon Select a polygon using the mouse by left clicking on it or from the list in the toolbar and then choose Model gt Drag polygon menu to move the selected polygon or Model Copy Polygon to copy it After that click the left mouse button inside the Model Frame to Finish moving or copying 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 54 Delete a polygon Please use the menu command polygon ygon to delete the selected NOTE To undo the previous action please use the Undo command 5 5 Edit polygon s properties Please select a polygon with ihe mouse or from the list of polygons in the toolbar The boundary of the selected polygon will be highlighted with a bold green line Then use the menu command Model gt Edit polygon to edit the polygon s properties RA p CES Polygon Name is the actual name of the polygon If a polygon reflects a layer in the well it is recommended give it the na
141. rdinates of inesections and logging carves please se Section 17 5 fr mare dtl Re parce interpolated by loging dau hin layering are not showa in the polygons Te intepolaion s done before the modeling jb i launched You may GC the quai of the model by Wing Model gt Export to Seismic Format Secr TGR menuitem to export the velocity model ta grid mnn U U U U M Jma PS ELT dee m NOTE This grid file is not used in actual calculations Is used only for QC visualizing the final model to be used in modeling In the Tesseral Pro some special tools are implemented for creating and adjusting polygons whose properties are derived from well data Please see Section 5 9 for more details building polygons from well data thin layer models are created 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 4 6 Creation of a simple flat layered model from LAS file In this section a simple method is described for creating a model from acoustic logging data and or density measurement data without loading the data in advance into database Roma opens DT ame FT To start this functionality first click Model gt Create Velocity Model New Frame then in the dialogue box Create new Model click the button From LAS file S In the dialogue box LAS file select the LAS file containing the velocity
142. red Waves ES 2056 Depth 3D VSP migration 235 108 Pos Process 27 1081 Troce wise Procedures 3082 Zero semi cube above a surface 3 FRAMES 112 fraweSiseron frameo 31 ar Scuroenenar 107 Panam aron Pronos ano cam 12 MODEL FRAME Proper oF me Monet Fra m 122 Mont 256 123 257 3231 Model export to a seismic format 258 2232 Model export to Tessera 20 TAM format 1 2311 Pion view 132 Tucroenr 103 Grenerons won Srov Fae 266 13A Panew or 30sec Moots on JD onan ES 267 05 Paors 268 ER cmt 2m 137 Honza secon m Semmesron eum mane m 103 20S Ve as 130 30Stesenr Memen 13 11 Parmae sese ries am 14 MAP FRAME 1 mower at an 2 Cacuureunraes uss ELA D 2015 Tesseral Documentation Technologies Us 18 21 Select fields for the project 27 1422 Create Frame Map p 1423 Working ore E 3424 Surface mapping 291 24 25 Handling surfaces E 2426 surface display E 3427 Buld mode from surfaces E 15 20 VIEW FRAME 252 Se Data Vsuazaron am 152 Sun Veuauanen 302 183 VISUALIZAN oF meunoMire LOGS WEL LOGS AND LARS 303 1531 Generol tnb General wel properties 1532 Welogs visualization 2533 Layer Visualization 16 ANNEX 1 MEASUREMENT UNITS 162 See frame 163
143. rmats To Toad the cube please use the command 3D View gt Add Cube The Add Cube dialogue box will appear Then please ond the target Me The receivers are shown as small blue crosses Initially the whole area is covered by the selected receivers select a rectangular part fof the whole arca please draw the diagonal of the square you want o select while holding the left mouse button Use the minimum maximum depth parameter to limit the depth range of the cube By default he depth range is from the minimum to the maximum throughout the cube Alter pressing OK the Cube Properties dialogue box appears for users to specify the cube properties The parameter step Ts the distance between the two neighboring nodes of ihe loaded iid along cach of axis This parameter can be increased to speed up drawing The other Parameters in this dialogue box are used to adjust the color palette By default the range of the palette is set from the minimum to maximum values obtained from the file To set the range of the palette automatically fr the displayed data please select the Auto fitting by cube values option NOTES Setting the step parameter too high decreases the drawing quality So The procedure of loading profiles is practically the same as described above 2015 Tesse Technologies User Documentation 15 2 Surface Visualization Surfaces are loaded from files in the same way The comma
144. s User Documentation 182 Mario TOR Palaamme Dermal nec p gr 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 183 9 3 Source grouping for 3D modelling The user can also implement source grouping i e simultaneous shooting from multiple sources for any 3D modelling method In order to implement it the user will first need to load a surface see Section 14 and build a 3D observation system see Section 9 1 Afterwards select Modelling and follow the instructions in Section 7 After specifying all 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 184 Pann une GPU OLON been terminated locate the survey3d txt file in recently created job folder and open it in Microsoft Excel The surveydd tst contains the XYZ coordinates of every source receiver pair of the designed 3D survey i e the coordinates of every trace and the user will have to fill the entire Inline and Cross Line columns with zeros Afterwards an identical Source Numba needs to he assigned for the sources that need to be grouped For example if out of 100 Sources in the 3D survey the user wants to group just 5 then a Source Number of 1 in actuality it can be any number needs to be assigned to all traces pertaining to those 5 sources In other words every row that caries the Sec SrcY Srez coon
145. s which will be used later for optimizing the display The Frame Seismic represents a rectangular graphic object which includes the images of the source receiver spread above and the traces below On the edge of the frame the scale for the X Y Z axis is displayed On the top the color palette of the trace values is shown Inthe sourceiteceiver spread the positions of sources small squares and the coordinates 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 262 of traces small crosses are shown The current source is marked in red and its coordinates are shown in a balloon The trace view may include the wiggle of the trace and the images corresponding to the palette The coordinates of the sources and receivers in the spread may be displayed differently These settings can be changed in the Frame Properties dialog which is called by the button 2 please see the Section 13 8 While moving the mouse cursor inthe sections ara the vertical or the horizontal slice moo enters chats ad the coreponting race valve we ia the was bar ive waa en aoe Technologies User Documentation 263 13 1 1 Plan view The positions of the sources are always displayed as small squares but the way of displaying the receiver s position depends on the display mode For the seismic data
146. s Background Picture and Delete Pictur Now jou can use the created Map frame Tor the 3D survey Technologies User Documentation 143 9 1 2 Choose 3D survey design Select the Map Acquisition Geometry menu command Type of 3D survey desan AN Survey Layout Rec Petch Survey bem p agora OV imal rn ane aie teadaurvey tons fee E tosd survey fon sies Tesseral Pro can support types of 3D survey design 1 Orthogonal 2 Shot in crankshaft pattern 3 Diagonal 5 Load from SGY files see 9 1 7 6 VSP azimuthal T VSP radial 8 Cross 9 Marine flank In the 3D Survey Layout tab you can specify the increment between Shot and Receiver Lines and their stations 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation p B Inthe Recording Patch tab you can specify the number of receivers engaged with ry shot In inline receivers groupand Crossline receivers group you specify the number of receivers nearest o shot which Tall into this group I you choose the Distance group you need specify the Radius of the circle which will enclose ll receivers around the shot poi pe Dar Come NOTE You can design recording patch of amy shape using options Remove Receivers from Shot amd Add Receivers to Shot These options can assign receivers to recording patch In this case t
147. s User Documentation 13 8 Settings for Seismic Frame The majority of the visualization options can be accessed in the Seismic Frame settings The parameters for displaying gather are specified in the Seismic Frame Properties tb under the Seismic menu The properties dialog box is divided into several tabs In the properties for the visualization of the object are specified and in the parameters for visualization of the acquisition surface are defined The Units tab in the Seismic Properties window is for changing scaling the coordinates and values of the trace data in case a gather is displayed incorrectly in the Frame In this ease the original file is not modified and the changes are saved into an additional file lt selsmogram_file_name gt cr These new modified values will be loaded next time the file is opened immon tab the general aycut tab where the commen Unie Profis dem ve E e e a Soap er i wem m om dus rh md eie lee te If you need to restore the trace parameters and coordinates please delete the corresponding lt seismogram file name ero fic You can change color representation for displaying seismic data The package includes 10 standard palettes blue yellow magenta iridescent black white and etc You can create a custom palette by clicking on Edit button in Common tab The minimal and the maximal values for the color palette may be sp
148. s and use the same key So this type of licensing is the most suitable for occasionally using Tesseral package on multiple work places e g both at home and in the office 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation ET 18 2 Network License A network license is unique for the clients network The license key is usually installed on one of the network PCs called a Server I may be the best choice for bigger or scattered companies Due to the increasingly toughening policies in Windows system administration it may require some additional network administrating efforts eliminating possible interference with particular network security features and local network Firewall settings to support such configuration but this type of licensing allows multiple users to utilize the common license directly from multiple network PCs but a program must be initially installed on cach of computers where Tesseral is running A network alpha digital key license is unique for the client s network The license key is installed on one of the PCs from the network a Server PC it may be a virtual machine because this type of licensing does not require special hardware A network hardware HASP key provides licensing when HASP is plugged into USB port of any computer in the local network or VPN Virtual Personal Network to which the user s computer is connected Technologies User Documentation 18 3 Mixed Licenses Any combinatio
149. se s stratigraphic types is strata type Strata code is the layer code in the database s code ible strata code It is used Tor automatic building of surfaces by using the layer interseetions Depth is the depth of layer intersection are the absolute coordinates of the layer intersection Ts Botton 1 for bottom 0 for top Strata Code Belongs to the layers stratigraphy It contains the table with the codes of field Tayers The main attributes are Number is the layer code in the database s code table strata code Name is the name of the layer code 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 320 of welis is the number of wells where a layer with the specific code is used Strata type Belongs to the layers stratigraphy It contains the able of layer types The main attributes are stratum type is the layers code 77 ie Tayers codes table of the database ss strata code mane layer name ota PE ana D Logs log curves Belongs to the well contains the table of the well logs ee The main attributes are pee pn me Method isthe layers name Start Stop are the curve s top and Eire reme boom E Steg is the curve s sampling step B Tmin Vmax are the amplitude m Tange sa ss EI E 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 17 4 Dat
150. sgy Gather ModelOne GathEP igr componen gather TOR Ver cal particle velocity Horizontal particle velocity Normal stress ModdOnesSmapEPigr Wavelield snapshots ModelOnerTimeEPagr Traveliime from the source ModelOnerWascEP Ligr Wavelet Please sce the Section 73 for details about outputted gathers inthe Tesseral Pro 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 14 7 5 Modeling using cluster and windows network To use the finite difference methods except the 2 5D Elastic Anisotropic Modeling available in the Tessera Pro to compute the synthetic gathers it is enough to have a modem PC For the 2 5D Elastic Anisotropic Modeling the runtime can vary from several hours to several days depending on the model size and the selected computation parameters Due to this fact it is recommended to use a cluster or a network of PCs to launch the 2 5D Elastic Anisotropic Modeling 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 7 54 Modeling using a cluster In Tesseral Pro the model can be prepared within Tesseral Pro and the job for computation of synthetic gathers can be launched on a cluster The cluster may work under Windows or Linux UNIX The Tesseral Pro package does not work directly with the cluster It is assumed that the users copy the job and the model to the cluster explicitly launch the job and the computation results back io Tesseral Pro for visualization To prepare th
151. smic file is selected press the Next gt button STEP 2 Selection of coordinates and the Model profile the next dialogue box Profile if the seismic file is 3D users need to enter the coordinates of the model profile or draw the profile manually in the plan by pressing dragging and releasing the left mouse button 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation Xe _ me dures ear eec en STEP 3 Size of the model In the next dialogue box Sect ion please specify the top and the bottom of the model The model with the underlying seismic file is ready Then the users will be asked to design an acquisition geometry for the model please see the Section 6 for details Users may add polygons above the underlying image to finalize the model building In Section 4 9 see details about how to adjust the model parameters which have an underlying SEG Y image 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 4 4 Creation of a model from SURFACES The grids or isolines of the reflection horizons may be used for the automatic creation of model s polygons In this case the 2D model is built as a vertical section in the 3D cube of surfaces see figure below As a result the top and the bottom of each polygon have the same shape as the surfaces for the given section GE
152. some additional features about using the Model Frame 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 12 1 Properties of the Model Frame invoke the dialogue box with properties for an existing Model Frame please select the command gt Model Frame Properties aes m ele m mm P due sepe C woe Ta Set depth t J E 1 HER Zoom Cao ien FT ian e All the parameters input via the model building Wizard may be changed manually in the dialogue box Model Properties To select wells for the model Please click the button Add gt select a section line along which the model section will be created After checking the option Draw section manually inthe lower left comer of the Model Properties dialogue box you can draw The section line by using the mouse by pressing dragging releasing To define the section line more precisely you can A Select the origin coordinates the azimuth 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation and the length of the line in the Section interval group or B Click the Zoom map button load the map for visual input 652 CT self re ES ves FT n E To set depth interva
153. sse Protstng new essent introduce a tetrahedron likewise load the SGY cube in the seismic frame Le gt Load Seismic file then Run gt Insert Tetrahedron in Model Cube Now 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 56 you will specify the coordinates of the 4 vertices as well as the Internal value of this tetrahedron Tetrion roit sed ple Ce Scenes ED mod SUBLPEX VELOC eters often Vertex 200 LI EE eme 202 EI 2 9 EJ DIENEN E yo z Intra ie sty usure sert Dan modanguabsp au pun maman Con 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation s 4 12 3D model building from well data In order to build 3D model from interpolated mapping of well logs the user first needs to select the desired field from the Database in the left window of Tesseral Pro This is done by right clicking the field name andselecting Select field for the project ues nino Afterwards the user needs to create map with all the wells by pressing gt Create Map New Frame gt Show database WELLS 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation The resulting blank map will contain all wells from the chosen oil field Next go gt Calculation of horizon from well Tops and select the stratigraph
154. sseral Technologies User Documentation 283 ief ji pie cm You may select several files of the same type for a group loading Then in the next dialogue box Calculate IsoLines please specify the parameters for calculating the isolines or click Cancel if you do not want iselines to be shown on the surface Mn ME EE em umi E Please see the results 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation ES e m Br Please repeat this operation to load other surfaces Tesseral Pro saves all loaded surfaces as a general block in a Tesseral Pro document Please use the Map Frame to display a surface While deleting the Map Frame the last showed surface in this Frame is not deleted and it will remain ia the block of the calculated loaded surfaces in the Tesseral Pro document You can show this surface in another Frame by selecting it from a list Please use Map gt Manage Dalete surface to manage the surfaces loaded in Tesseral Pro More detailed information can be Tound in the Section 74 25 x NOTE The Undo and Redo commands do not apply to actions performed on surfaces loading calculating processing deleting but they do work for the changes related to the Map Frame selecting a surface for display color adjustments scaling Frame re size and etc 015 Tesseral
155. surface in one of standard format see 14 7 and 2D survey layout se 2 7 You can se explanations on how to create a job and run 3D Ray tracing in Chapter 9 2 You can find some specifies of viewing modeling results in Chapter 13 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation ns 9 1 3D survey 3D survey design in Tesseral Pro can be done manually or a survey can be loaded from standard SPS fle First of all you need to create a frame Map with topographic background taken from picture see 9 1 1 If you create a 3D survey design manually you should use the option Map Acquisition geometry to choose the pattern and basic parameters for 3D survey Gee 9 1 2 Use Hap 3D survey modes menu command to adjust your design parameters and layout to maich the real topographic map see 9 1 7 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 9 1 Load Map using backgroud picture Command Map Create frane new Inthe dialog Create new Map press Select background PICTURE or Load or GRD surface files see section 14 for the ater Choose the picture file with ihe desired topographic map Tessera Pro supports the following picture formals JPEG TIFF GEO TIFF GEO JPEG with coordinates in TFW JGW files C Pr cup a 1 prem a to re You need to input coordinates for two base points in the Background Picture this picture with the real topographie map You can move these points man
156. t calculation Whose source receiver and reflection point are within the selected area To define the region in the dialogue box Model gt Raypath Data Visualization Properties please select Show rays of region and then check Select region by mouse Then select the region of the model for displaying rays by pressing dragging and releasing the left mouse button The mode of the region selection will be cancelled automatically after the left mouse button is released 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 133 8 2 Ray path display in gathers Please load the field gather or the synthetic gathers calculated by the eikonal ray tracing method or finite difference methods into the Sei smic Frame It is implicitly assumed that this is the gather corresponding to the model for which the ray tracing was done Please use the command Seismic gt Highlight Traced Ray Reflections to show the ray paths in the gather The command Seismic gt Connect Ray Reflection Points changes the mode of displaying reflection times in a gather lines with captions or dots 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 1 8 3 Ray tracing parameters Ray tracing parameters are specified in the Ray Tracing dialogue box after selecting the command Run gt 2D Ray Tracing TS 8 Permet
157. taskin file as follows leaving the survey3ast intact ons Source Type 0 Omnidirectional And replace it with ISource Once the moment tensor has been specified save the runtaskini go back to your map frame which contains the previously build 3D survey and click Run gt Run 3D Modelling Yes 2 Po you var consnuetheineusted job in Clean Desktop D mode gUob3D 49 7 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 94 2 Using 2D douple couple sources for 3D modeling H is also possible to have all double couple source propagate in 2D only ie direction For that you will have to modify the runtask ini file as follows Remove Source Type 0 Omnidirectional And replace it with Source DoubleCoupleAxisXZ or DoubleCoupleAxiseXY or Types DoubleCoupleAxis YZ Afterwards save the runtaskini go back your map frame which contains the previously build 3D survey and click Run gt Run 3n Modelling gt Yes Do you want zo continue te interupted job in CA Users StelaniDesktopi3D moder JD 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 194 10 Processing of seismic gather Some of the commands in the Run menu ate for processing generated synthetic gathers IMPORTANT NOTE All processing history and user defined settings are saved in the computation 109 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 195 10 1General Purpose Procedures The command
158. ted Frame will be shown inside a dotted rectangle To cancel the selection click outside the Frame boundaries using the left mouse button The selection or de selection of several Frames is implemented by the standard method for Windows To select several Frames please use the left mouse button together with the or Shi ft key Also in the Document View Mode you can select a group of Frames by pressing the left mouse button outside the Frames on the blank field of the document and then dragging it while pressing the left mouse button to create a rectangular area Frames that fall inside this area will be selected The last Frame selected is assumed to be the main Frame and all the individual non group commands will be applied to it To change the selection of a Frame click on it with the left mouse button while holding the Shi t key To selecta Frane as the main please on it wi the lef mouse buon while holding the CE T key To select all Frames at once please use the command View gt Select All Frames and to de select all the Frames use the command View gt Deselect AlI Fram Technologies User Documentation 11 3 Frame layout In order to move a Frame within the Tesseral Pro main window please press and hold the left mouse button on the upper headline of the Frame and just drag it There are two modes of Frame layout lyiew gt Document View Mode Frames are freely distributed in the
159. ters are specified please press the button finish to launch the job and then the Modeling in Progress window should appear to allow users to monitor the job progress pum ES Ss In the upper part of the Modeling in Progress window the percentage of computation done for the current source is shown and the percentage of computation done for the whole job is also shown On the left the part of the gather being computed is shown and on the right the corresponding wavefield is shown In the bottom the log file is echoed as job is running If you want to terminate computation press the Terminate button If an error occurs during the computation the message will be shown in the lower part of the Modeling in Progress window To check the log messages of a finished job choose Bun gt Show Progress Dialog menu command After the modeling job is done successfully the Modeling in Progress window will be closed automatically and then the computed gathers will be displayed in the Tesseral Pro window 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation mes The output fles of the modeling will be created in the sume folder with the project In case of elastic isotropic modeling Elastic Modeling if the project is ModelOnetpa the following output files will be generated ModelOnerGathEP
160. the group Receivers geophones is to specify the receiver layout The group of Sources AllocationorReceivers Allocation isto specify the line along which the sources or Teceivers will be positioned 1 you select the option We and a well from the list then the sources receivers will be positioned along the selected well as shown in the figure below 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 1 1 i i IF you select the option Free in the group Sources Allocation or Receivers Allocation then each source receiver can be positioned in the model independently from ach other For the other options all sources and receivers will be positioned as a group along specific line 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 107 7 Synthetic gather calculation Before launching the job of computing synthetic gather vel the comesponding acquisition geometry Section 6 needs to be designed firstly and then the project has to be saved by using the command File gt Save Project Please use the menu command Run gt Run 2D Modeling or Run gt Model ing o open the modeling parameter specification dialogue 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 108 7 1 Modeling methods The Modeling Pr dure parameter is for selecting the method used for solving the wave equation The available modeling methods include 2015 Tesser 2D Vertical Incidence is to simulate the ver
161. the receiver spread will have the same distribution for every single source STEP 2 Sources In the dialogue box Sources please select the set of parameters to be set from the list and then enter the values for each empty parameter cell The sources will be automatically placed uniformly along the acquisition surface above the top edge of rhe model polygons Fron is the starting position of the source line along the model section profile is the ending position of the source line along the model section profile Step source interval Number number of sources 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation NOTE These parameters are related with each other by a simple relation Number To From Step 1 Therefore changing one of these parameters leads to recalculation of others STEP 3 Receivers for the acquisition geometry Move receivers with source m B m on Specify the receiver distribution in the dialogue box Receivers gecphones The om and do not represent the absolue distance relative tothe proie origin bu the relative with respect to its corresponding source negative value means placement to the left its respective source Technologies User Documentation 96 6 2 Receivers at fixed position The receivers and the sources are positioned independently Thus for each s
162. the trace itself In the general case the coordinates of the source are ignored but for compatiblity with the seismic data preview tools it is more suitable either to suppose that the source coordinates are equal to the receiver coordinates or to create one source for the receivers having Yoconst this is implemented in Tesseral Pro for which the X coordinate will be equal to the minimal X coordinate of receivers ZEN A aa F 4 M a JEI 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 267 13 5 Profiles The easiest way to cete profile is to switch to Draw Profile en draw the line manu on he top View only those taces whose profe ia win the predefined value peste t de objets properties wil be included into the section IF the se died distance large the aces outside the profile wil be displayed pres distance is to small fewer or no traces wi be included into the seco Section properties The dtaed properties of the profile are specified by choosing the menu Seismic gt section Properties FE 9 mn je In this box the profile coordinates length and azimuth may be defined as well as the maximum distance between profile and a trace A Vertical section may be exported to separate seismic file which may be then used as an under
163. ther packages are also supported Section STEP 2 Creation of the acquisition geometry source and receiver distribution section 5 STEP 3 Setup of the modeling parameters and start modeling job which launches one of the following computational engines Section 7 1 2D SDVertical Incider 2D scalar IDAD Acoustic Acoustic without multiples 2D 3D Elastic 2D 3D Elastic Anisotropic 2DAD Visco Elastic 2D Eikonal Ray Tracing 25D Elastic 10 25D Elastic Anisotropic 11 Haskell Thomson The procedures for processing gathers Section fau noci ne vives and the module for ray tracing Section 5 are integrated into Tesseral Pro Technologies User Documentation 4 Depth model building create a depth domain velocity model in Tesseral Pro a Mode Frame is to be used AIL the objects in the Tesseral Pro are comprised in Frames see Section 11 for details related to different types and options for manipulating frames In the Model Frame users can build arbitrarily complex velocity models for an geological structure add anisotropic or fracturing parameters into the background model and design the acquisition geometry The geological model is built by overlapping a set of polygons Within each polygon the rock physical parameters could be homogeneous or complicated with a linear gradient along depth For model creation users can use the reflection horizons velocity density anisotropy and other parameters from
164. tical propagation of waves for horizontal boundaries Tt allows quick evaluation of the arrival time and the amplitudes or the reflected waves in the time section under the condition of strict ID propagation of seismic energy 20 Scalar is for the scalar model of the medium i e liquid approximation without Considering variation of density only takes into account the variation of compressional velocity and it is the quickest method for the modeling of 2D wave propagation Acoustic is for the acoustic model of the medium which takes into account the Variation of compressional velocity and density Acoustic without multiples is for quickly obtaining the time section of the Acoustic model of the medium As whole it corresponds to the exploding interface mode of other methods but it does not take into account the multiples and the image contains Fewer noises It enables users to intuitively understand the influence of multiples on the gather and seismic image by comparing with standard acoustic method Elastic is for an isotropic elastic model This is the main modeling method which simulate the 2D propagation of seismic energy in solid media by taking into account the effects of wave mode conversion and the shear waves as well as the effect of quasi anisotropy caused by a stack of inter bedded thin layers 2D Elastic Anisotropic is for a 2D anisotropic elastic model and takes into count the variation of physical properties in horizont
165. tion Each layer may have 0 3 different fracturing systems The parameters Dn Di should be within the limit of 0 1 The inclination angle a Alpha is within the limit of 90 90 The parameters 5 Dn Dt depend on the density of fractures Poisson coefficient of the background medium and the type of materials filling in the fractures These parameters affect both propagation velocities of all types of waves along different directions as Well as their dynamic properties amplitude Q factor is for specifying the parameters about the seismic energy absorption in visco clastic medium This parameter measures the attenuation of the wave amplitude for a wavelength The Quality of Compressional and Shear waves can be specified separately Sources type Reflector the option Muted is for suppressing the wavefront generated the boundaries of all polygons when the source type is Reflector Selection of the source type 2015 Tesse Technologies User Documentation 16 described in the Section 7 1 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 5 7 Order of polygon overlapping AIL the polygons in the model are displayed in the same order as they appear in the polygon s list the list in the main editing toolbar Please use the menu command Model gt Bring Polygon Forward to move a polygon upward and use the menu command MEET gt Bring Polygon Backward to move a polygon downward
166. top and bottom of each polygon created from the surfaces Press the button Next gt to navigate to the dialogue box tior p C Em me BEC ee Rmo me In the dialogue box Section please specify the range of the model In this dialogue box the lines of the polygons are shown By default velocities and other parameters of the 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation polygons are not present so the polygons are displayed in grey color To specify the parameters for each polygon select it by mouse and then click Model gt Edit Polygon Section 5 5 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 4 5 Creation of a model from WELLS The well data acoustic logging and or density logging are mainly used for creation of layered models NOTE To create a model by using well data the following data need to be loaded into the database 1 Coordinates of de wells 2 Survey directi onality Gf the survey has no directionality vertical wells with provided altitudes is sufficient 3 Depths of layer intersections 4 Acoustic density logging daa for creating thin layer models Please see Section 17 5 for more details f users wish to create a simple horizontally layered model from one LAS file which ignores the directionality of the survey data please see the next Section 40 Steps for creatin
167. ually in the lower part of this dialog using the mouse For example when you click mouse and choose Point 2 the Horizontal and Vertical edit boxes become enabled for inputting coordinates The same will be rue for Point 1 Lets input coordinates for two points using his picture 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation Er Box famous uud E ESO EE ELO PP Te d choose command NOTE Place remember that map axis orientation can be specified in the File project Properties dialog premere reme 5 In Tesseral Pro the background picture for the map cannot be rotated to 90 but it ean be mirrored in relation to ver calhorizontal axis flipped Because of that you put coordinates of base points in Background Picture dialog not as X and Y values but as a distance along vertical and horizontal axis create virtual coordinates in ground picture you need to choose frame Map and Frane in the map dialog press the Background Pictu buton in the group Dem Saee ren 8 38 cum we om mn rente Dane Af you want to hide he background picture and not show it in frame you should use Frane Map Properties and click option Show Picture To remove background Picture pre
168. w Profile Mode S Zoom Mode amp and Move Mode 8 The Select Source Mode allows selecting an active source and this source will be marked in red on the acquisition surface and coordinates wil be shown in a balloon The Draw Profile Mode allows selecting the vertical section by drawing line on the top view in his ase the receivers will fall into te section if their distance to the profile is less than the given one this distance is computed automatically during the opening of the seismic file but it may be changed in the senings In the Zoom and the Move Mode it is possible to zoom in and drag both the acquisition surface and he vertical section Lets describe each of the modes for displaying seismic files lect Source Mode S enables to show the current source and its Draw Profile Mode SJ enables to draw a profile manually in the top view Plesse see Section 13 3 for more details Additionally in this mode a horizontal section ean be shown B enables to enlarge the image for the given area enables to enlarge image 7 enables reduce image E enables to zoom out the image ful opens a dialogue box o set the zoom parameters Le EP changes the Frame sizes so hat the proportions ofthe geographic coordinates in the top view correspond the visual ones e Rescale to Make X cale EI changes the Frame sizes so That the proporti
169. with a small number of traces he receiver s position is shown as crosses For large gathers the receiver s position is shown as grey dots For very big gathers or cubes the receiver s position is shown as contours 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 13 2 Trace display In Tesseral Pro there are several modes to display traces and each of the modes is suitable for a specific task and type of seismic data To preview gathers 3 modes are commonly used as illustrated in the figure below from left to right Show 11 Receivers Current Shotgather and se 0 o 1 In the Show ALL Receivers mode the spread of all the sources and receivers is shown in the Top view This mode is used if you want to have an overview of the whole field under study and also get the sections of trace profiles belonging to several different 2 The Show Current Shotgather mode is for displaying shot gathers Only the races oF the current source are shown It can also be used to show the traces of the chosen receivers along any profile 3 The VSP mode is used for visualization of the VSP traces The sources are located vertically usually inside a well and the traces are shown from left to right 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 265 13 3 Operations with Seismic Frame While working with the Seismic Frame 4 Edit Modes can be used Select Source Mode 35 Dra
170. x with several options appears The CREATE Section 47 The LOAD MODEL button is for loading a model in TAM format used in the Tess ral 2D program WGC format format or loading a model from a text file in various formats Section 4 7 The LOAD SEISMIC FILE button enables the visualization of gathers in standard SEG Y internal TGR and SDS PC formats Section 13 1 The OPEN PROJECT and OPEN LAST PROJECT buttons are for loading the files of Tesseral Pro projects If you click Done the standard empty window of the Tesseral Pro project will appear MODEL button launches the Wizard to create new model 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 10 3 1 Layout of Tesseral Pro window Project and Pane for building models visualizing ditate nane som gathers maps or other graphie ia Modeling Wizard Tn the left panel the database tree please see description in the Section 7 and the project ee please see details in the Section 17 8 are displayed The right panel is for building the model and visualizing gathers maps or 3D images All the objects in the right pane are displayed in rectangular frames please see details in the Section 11 At the bottom of the main Tesseral Pro window is the Modelling Wizard which initiates one of the 3 main steps in a modeling process Section 3 7 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 3 2 Menu overview
171. y First of all you need to choose a source in the middle of the survey In Map 3D survey Modes View Relation menu command click the selected shot point The chosen Shot will De highlighted with a red dot the rest of shot points will be shown as grey dots Receiver points associated with the chosen source will be colored in blue and the rest receivers will be grey You can add or remove receivers around this shot point by using Map 3D survey Modes Remove Receivers from ShotandMap 3D survey Modes Add Receivers tc Shot commands These two commands behave similarly to the Hide show command click drag rlease Example 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 154 Now you can pick any source in Map 3D sur the group of receivers allocated for that Source will have identical shape At the same time the Acquisition Geometry dialog in he Recording Patch tb the Use mask checkbox will be automatically enabled 30 dengn 20 Sune ajar Peco Pal suney beara eme pa Comneno 3 Fire GE w JD m Tn other words the receiver patch is specified by the mask which has been shaped manually but not by parameters Inline Crossline receivers group 2015 Tesseral Technologies User Documentation 155 9 1 7 Load survey from SPS files Here is another useful way to create 3D survey using standard SPS format You can use the same command Ac Geometry
172. y using Run gt Seismic Frame gt Inport Traces Coordinates Technologies User Documentation 10 110 Write Visible Coordinates to Trace Headers To write the modified coordinates of traces to the headers of seismic files the command Run gt Seismic Frame gt Write Visible Coordinates to Trace Headers In Tesseral Pro the seismic files can be displayed with transformed rotated coordinates using the following commands e Seismic gt Rotate to Align X Axis along Sec Run gt General Purpose Procedures gt Import Traces Coordinates load coordinates of traces from text files View gt Raw Trace View Window in this dialogue box the trace coordinates can be assigned from non conventional cells of the trace headers Please see Section 73 for more details using the ways mentioned above to change the race coordinates the headers of the seismic files are not changed and the information on trace coordinates is written into an additional file lt gather name gt inf for further use in the Tesseral Pro n Profile logis User Documentation 207 10 1 11 Cut Profile from 3D seismogram This function is used for the extraction of shot gather traces along a straight line or a polyline from a 3D seismogram To access this function please load the 3D seismograms File gt Load Seismic file followed by Run gt General Purpose ProceduressCut Profile from 3D seismogram

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