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User Manual - UniSoft Geotechnical Solutions Ltd

1. 8 2 General Analysis 8 3 Residual Load 8 4 Loading Test Simulation 8 5 Analysis Options 9 DEPTH POINTS 9 1 Additional Depths 10 PILE DATA 10 1 General 10 2 Resistance Parameters 10 3 Geometry 10 4 User Defined Longitudinal Profile 11 PILE GROUP DATA 11 1 General 11 2 Properties 11 3 Geometry 12 SOIL LAYERS 12 1 General 12 2 Resistance Parameters Page 3 of 67 www unisoftgs com UniSoft GS Geotechnical Solutions 12 3 Resistance vs Movement 12 4 Compressibility 13 PORE PRESSURE 13 1 General 13 2 Hydrostatic Profile 13 3 Non Hydrostatic Profile 14 SPT CPT CPTU Data 14 1 General 14 2 Standard Cone Penetration Data 15 LOADS AND EXCAVATIONS 15 1 General 15 2 Geometry 16 T Z Q Z FUNCTIONS 16 1 General 16 2 Model Parameters 17 USER PREFERENCES Page 4 of 67 www unisoftgs com UniSoft GS Geotechnical Solutions PART Sections 1 through 6 1 0 INTRODUCTION 1 1 Welcome Welcome to UniPile 5 0 for Windows 7 a software for the design of piles and pile groups according to various design methods UniPile produces analysis of pile capacity pile settlement single and group negative skin friction drag force and downdrag along with aspects of drivability and residual load It will also simulate the load movement response of the pile in a static loading test Head Down and Bidirectional Cell The documentation for UniPile 5 0 comes in four separate documents 1 This user manual to h
2. available online at http www unisoftgs com Uploaded downloads ReaBook pdf 11 1 General Use this section of the pile group window to specify the more general input parameters Pile Group Cap Al xs General Name Cap Al Description North East Corner Name Use to specify a name for the pile group under consideration We suggest keeping this name short as it is used in the data tree and some of the results windows Description Use this to enter the description of your choice This entry has no effect on the rest of the results and is provided for information only 11 2 Properties Use this section of the pile group window to specify more specific properties applicable to the pile group under consideration E Pile Group Cap Al xa Properties Total Dead Load kips 1 800 00 Equivalent Raft Neutral plane Shape Rectangle PE www unisoftgs com UniSoft GS Geotechnical Solutions Total Dead Load The total dead load is the permanent or sustained load applied to the entire pile group It should be the sum of the dead load for all the piles in the group This total dead load is only used in the calculation of the settlement of the soil surrounding the pile under consideration Equivalent Raft Use this option to define the location of the equivalent raft used in the calculation of the soil settlement around the pile under consideration Available choices are Pile toe Neutral plane and User define
3. provide a list of available options Buttons are often an iconic representation of the most popular menu options They may also contain short text commands such as OK Cancel or Proceed Buttons located on toolbars are usually a repeat of the most frequently used menu items Geet www unisoftgs com UniSoft GS Geotechnical Solutions Drop down box A drop down box is a commonly used graphical user interface component It may be a combination of a drop down list or list box and a single line textbox allowing the user to either type a value directly into the control or choose from the list of items In UniPile 5 0 design units are selected from a drop down box displayed on the main toolbar Site Analysis Results Administration Help H Us TB O 12 e y X gt ri SI BZ 3 Coman us Data tree A data tree is a widely used method to display inter related data It emulates a hierarchical tree structure with a set of linked nodes In UniPile 5 0 a data tree is used to access every data form available The main advantage of a data tree is that it makes information visible and readily available rather than having to navigate complicated menu structures If you have used Microsoft Windows Explorer or Microsoft Windows Outlook in the past you are likely very familiar with data trees One of the most powerful features of the data tree is that long lists of components may be individually collapsed or expanded by clicking on the or sign
4. Book Basics of Foundation Design by Bengt H Fellenius Dr Tech P Eng available online at http www unisoftgs com Uploaded downloads RedBook paf 16 1 General The entries located under this heading refer to the t z q z function under consideration r Graph Function r t z q z Function SHAFT Hansen 80 CH General Name SHAFT Hansen 80 Description Model Hansen 80 t z q z Function SHAFT Hansen 80 Ea SHAFT Hansen 80 Hansen 80 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 Movement mm D www unisoftgs com UniSoft GS Geotechnical Solutions Name Use this entry to specify the name of the function under consideration We suggest keeping this name short as it is used in the data tree and listed in the various soil layers next to the Shaft t z Toe q z function feature Important Each time a new function is created deleted or modified it automatically updates the list of available t z q z functions available in each soil layer Description Use this to enter the description of your choice This entry has no effect on the remainder of the results and is provided for information only Model Select between one of the available preset models Ratio Chin Kondner Hyperbolic Exponential Hansen 80 and Zhang or User defined model 16 2 Model Parameters The entries located under this heading are specific to the t z q z model selected The following image displays the input available when User def
5. Depth Z ft 25 00 x ft y ft q ksf L 30 00 25 00 30 000 pa 40 00 25 00 30 000 ER 30 00 30 00 30 000 4 25 00 20 00 30 000 Depth Z Defines the depth of the load or excavation under consideration A load with a negative depth indicates a distance above ground i e above the first soil layer This feature may be used to define a new footing placed on a new fill which in turn could be placed on top of the first soil layer Area A Defines the contact area when a point load is specified This area limits the amount of total stress caused by the point load at the point of contact Breadth B Defines the breadth or width of a rectangular load or excavation For a line load breadth refers to the width of the line and limits the amount of total stress at the point of contact For rectangular shape loads or excavations breadth refers to the dimension measured along the East West direction X Axis Length L Defines the length of a rectangular load or excavation It refers to the dimension measured along the North South direction Y Axis Radius R Defines the radius of a circular shape load or excavation Breadth B Defines the breadth or width measured at the top of an embankment shape load Breadth B Defines the breadth or width measured at the base of an embankment shape load S www unisoftgs com UniSoft GS Geotechnical Solutions Height H Defines the total height of an embankment shape load Den
6. Description L 5 00 Gage 1 2 15 00 Gage 2 4 33 00 Gage 4 Depth Z m User defined depth Z Action buttons are only enabled when the focus is on a specific depth SP www unisoftgs com UniSoft GS Geotechnical Solutions 10 PILE DATA The pile data window includes some general entries various resistance parameters and the pile geometry The visibility and availability of some of these entries depends on the options selected Important The purpose of this section is not to explain each parameter in detail and how they apply to the calculation of the pile ultimate resistance For more information we recommend that you refer to the original paper describing each method and or consult Basics of Foundation Design by Bengt H Fellenius Dr Tech P Eng available online at http www unisoftgs com Uploaded downloads RedBook paf 10 1 General Use this section of the pile data input window to specify the more general input parameters Pile Pile A1 General Name Pile A1 Description North East Corner X Coordinate ft 5 00 Y Coordinate ft 5 00 Dead Load kips 300 00 Live Load kips 275 00 Transition Height ft 3 00 Pile Density lb ft 150 00 Name Use this entry to specify a name for the pile under consideration We suggest keeping this name short and descriptive as it is used in the data tree and the many outputs Description Enter a description of your choice This entry has no effect on t
7. Pile Data SPT CPT CPTu Data t z q z Functions New Data SPT CPT CPTu Data CO Loads Existing Building Site Plan New Addition All Results to Excel Excavations S n H t z q z Functions Export Analysis Summary to Text File New Function Export Analysis Summary Graph as Image 5 1 Importing UniPile 4 0 Files Project files unp soil files sol and load files lod created with UniPile 4 0 may be imported directly into UniPile 5 0 Importing these types of files is very similar to opening a project file When selected a window will appear allowing you to browse the contents of your computer and other connected drives Once you find the file you are looking for simply bring it in by clicking the Open button If the process was successful you may be prompted with the option to overwrite or append the contents of the file to the data currently in memory The data tree will automatically be updated to display the latest set of data Passiot www unisoftgs com UniSoft GS Geotechnical Solutions 5 2 Importing UniSoft XMLU Files The UniPile 5 0 user has the ability to import XMLU files Although very specific to UniPile 5 0 and other UniSoft applications the XMLU file format is based on the popular extensible mark up language XML In short XML is a set of rules for encoding documents in machine readable form When used in conjunction with the exporting features of UniPile soil layers pore pressure p
8. Select the method used in the calculation of the pile ultimate resistance Available options are Static effective stress and total stress i e B and a methods CPTU Eslami and Fellenius CPT Schmertmann and Nottingham deRuiter and Beringen Dutch and Bustamente LCPC and SPT N indices Meyerhof Decourt and O Neill Reese For requirements see the Red Book referenced Section 1 1 4 The Static method refers to both the Beta and Alpha methods They can be combined or used separately The analysis can be performed for either the initial or final period Soil Classification Method The type of soil e g Clay or Sand is a required input for some of the pile resistance methods When necessary the soil classification may be obtained from the Eslami Fellenius method or dictated by the user in each of the soil layers Pore Pressure Model The pore pressure model is a required input when the Eslami Fellenius soil classification model is selected To be correct the Eslami Fellenius soil classification method uses the cone stress corrected for pore pressure acting against the shoulder This option allows the Eslami Fellenius soil classification to use either the pore pressure obtained from the CPTU imported data or use the pore pressure model specified in the pore pressure input 8 3 Residual Load Use this section to specify the parameters used in the distribution of the residual load in the pile shaft and pile toe The residual load
9. affects the results of a static loading test See also comments in Section 16 1 Page 67 and in Examples Manual Example 2 Settings B Residual Load Status Include Shaft Resistance 50 0 Toe Resistance 20 0 Transition Height m 4 00 er www unisoftgs com UniSoft GS Geotechnical Solutions Status Use this entry to include or disregard the effect of residual load on the pile If included the residual load will be included in the static loading tests nead down and O Cell simulation Shaft Resistance Enter the percentage of shaft resistance of rs to be used in the calculation of the total residual load This value represents the percentage of mobilization of the shaft unit resistance Toe Resistance Enter the percentage of toe resistance of r to be used in the calculation of the total residual load This value represents the percentage of mobilization of the ultimate toe resistance Transition Height Enter the estimated height of the transition zone controlling the transition between negative and positive direction of shear forces at the neutral plane The transition represents the portion where the unit shaft resistance transfers from negative to positive direction It has the effect of reducing the maximum value of residual load in the pile The mechanism generating residual load is essentially the same as that generating drag force However the height is not necessarily the same as that input under th
10. conditions The depth is measured from the ground surface at initial condition e upper boundary of the first specified soil layer A negative value represents a marine type condition with the top of the first soil layer representing the bottom of the lake or ocean 13 3 Non Hydrositatic Profile The entries located under this heading are only applicable when non hydrostatic conditions are specified Add above Add below Delete depth Delete all depths Pore Pressure Initial Condition EEn E Non Hydrostatic Profile Depth m Height m Pressure kPa 0 00 0 00 0 0 5 00 0 00 0 0 2 3 15 00 17 00 170 0 4 30 00 30 00 300 0 Non hydrostatic pore pressures are defined by a series of depths and equivalent heights of water or pressure Series may be added or deleted using the action buttons located at the top of the pore pressure window Important Action buttons are only enabled when the focus is on a specific series Depth Depth at which the specific pore pressure applies To model a marine effect specify a negative height of water or pressure at a depth of 0 Height The applicable pore pressure at the specified depth expressed in height of water The pressure is directly related to the height of water via the water density specified in the Settings window Changing the water density automatically updates the pore water pressure Pressure Pore pressure expressed in units of stress The height of water is
11. display other sets of results applying to the same topic The image presented above displays the options available when the total stresses results are displayed Use the drop down boxes to change the set of results on the fly Administration Help a E Ki Me Ry Rs Re As krit BA AIl Layers Sand Clay Existing Building at New Pile ci Existing Building ie Cap AL ii Depth Stress ft ksf Layer 1 Sand m 0 00 2 00 4 00 6 00 8 00 All results produced by UniPile may be exported as a group to an Excel file or as individual results to an ASCII text file for further editing and manipulation Refer to Section 5 0 Importing and Exporting for more details on how to export results The Professional version of UniPile produces 13 different results topics These are discussed below Most results may also be displayed in chart format The features affecting the charts are discussed in Section 4 10 Chart Results Analysis Summary This is a quick overview of the pile resistance and settlement obtained as a result of the analysis Pile Ultimate Resistance Ru This table reports on the pile ultimate shaft and toe resistance pile capacity Shaft Resistance Rs Report a breakdown of the many parameters used in the calculation of the shaft resistance The extent of this table depends on the selected pile resistance method Toe Resistance Ri Present a breakdown of the many parameters used in t
12. e g Excel The chart window has its own toolbar displaying a series of options used to customize the view Some of these options are used to modify the contents of the display others to change the scaling of the axes Changing the options for one chart will not affect the charts for other topics Options are described below weer www unisoftgs com UniSoft GS Geotechnical Solutions Pile Resistance Axes Scaling Resistance 1 1 v Depth1 1 Pile Resistance PA2 at Final Condition Quadrant Select this option to change the quadrant Series Redraw Use this option to add or remove a specific series from the chart The series in this list vary depending on the type of results displayed on the screen Show points Select this option to toggle chart points ON OFF Axes scaling Use this option to customize the scale used for each axis When accessing this feature a scroll bar will be displayed allowing you to move the visible extent of the data Reset Axes Scale Use this option to quickly reset the axes scale to 1 1 Important Although multiple results windows may be displayed onscreen simultaneously only the top results window with the focus may be charted Page 28 of 67 www unisoftgs com UniSoft GS Geotechnical Solutions 4 11 Save Data The input data are saved by accessing the Save or Save As command located under th
13. force that acts both upward and downward Upward the water force reduces the effect of the pile weight to that of the buoyant value Downward the water force adds to the cell load in engaging the downward response of the pile So does the pile weight but as this is the same for a head down test this effect is conventionally disregarded The User decides whether to include or disregard the effect of the pore pressures on the pile Shaft Buoyant Weight for the bidirectional test simulation When included UniPile uses the pore pressure at the cell level to calculate the buoyant weight of the shaft portion located above the cell level and add this to the calculated shaft resistance to generate the simulated upward load movement curve Similarly the water force is added to the cell load in engaging the downward response the shaft and toe resistances below the cell level When disregarded UniPile makes no adjustment for the water force for either upward or downward simulation of the load movement curves of the bidirectional test Because the cell load is determined from the pressure at the pump placed at the ground surface the cell pressure is actually larger than that measured in the pump the hydraulic fluid is water The difference corresponds to the head of water between the cell and the pump Moreover the pore pressure in the soil at the cell level can only act on the area not covered by the cell s Therefore on the approximation
14. it is recommended that you open one of the example projects installed at setup Your first analysis is initiated by accessing the Analyze command located under the main Analysis menu File Data Sife Results Administration Help KE KKK e EI The time required to complete the analysis depends on multiple factors including the speed of your processor the depth of the soil profile the number and size of the loads and excavations and the many options selected After a few projects you will learn to negotiate and compromise between pushing the application to its limits versus using the time necessary to perform complicated analyses 4 9 Review Results If your analysis was successfully completed you will be presented with a results table displaying the total compression of each soil layer Other results may be displayed by accessing the main Results menu Results Administration Help E Analysis Summary Pile Ultimate Resistance Shaft Resistance Toe Resistance Embedment Analysis WEAP Neutral Plane Analysis Pile Settlement and Compression Residual Load Head Down Loading Test Simulation Bidirectional Loading Test Simulation Effective Stresses Total Stresses Pile Profile H zou ae EA A PRO Graph Results ee www unisoftgs com UniSoft GS Geotechnical Solutions Additionally the secondary toolbar may be updated with a series of drop down boxes meant to
15. located on the left side of a heading DO General Input Pile Data Soil Layers General Input Pore Pressure Pile Data SPT CPT CPTu gt N BR Soil Layers D Loads Layer 1 DI Excavations Layer 2 D t z q z Functions Layer 3 Layer4 Layer 5 D Pore Pressure DO SPT CPT CPTu Data D Loads Excavations D t z q z Functions The various features of the data tree used in UniPile are discussed in Section 3 2 Navigating UniPile 5 0 Windows or forms In a Microsoft Windows compatible application windows are used to display textual and graphical information In UniPile 5 0 windows or forms are used to enter general data soil properties loads and excavations display results display messages etc This document assumes that you have prior experience with other Microsoft Windows products and that you are already familiar with the many features attached to windows such as opening moving resizing and closing Component This manual uses the term component to describe groups of data of the same type For example all soil layers are individual components of the same type Loads and excavations are also components but of different types Page www unisoftgs com UniSoft GS Geotechnical Solutions 3 2 Navigating UniPile 5 0 In an effort to make the software more powerful and versatile the navigation between various input windows is now performed via the main data tree The data tree is a powerful tool as it
16. main tool bar D I uniPite 5 0 File Data Site Analysis Results Administration sees SI Ha Vie EIL Customary us o Two systems of units are available The International System of Units SI and the US Customary Units One of the best features of UniPile 5 0 is that the system of units may be switched on the fly at any time This applies to both the data and the results For example some of the input may be made in Sl units while others may be input in US Customary Units after switching to US units Once the analysis is concluded the results and charts may be converted back and forth between either system with a single click Important To avoid leakage errors due to multiple conversions effected on the same data UniPile performs what is known as hard conversion This means that data are converted kept in memory saved and calculated with a high level of precision However when displayed on screen they may be subjected to rounding to a lower level of precision For example entering a 10 foot thick soil layer would be internally converted to 3 048 metres however it would be rounded to 3 05 metres when displayed 4 6 Viewing Design Data Also new to UniPile 5 0 is the way in which design data are accessed and presented No longer are they hidden under a series of menus All input windows relating to your current project are listed in the data tree located on the left side of the interface For example to view the input window for th
17. related set of input data This heading is fixed and cannot be edited or changed As with the data tree group headings may be collapsed or expanded using the or signs located on the left Variable name The variable name is a short reference to the specific variable under consideration When selecting a row the specific variable and a short definition will appear at the bottom of the window The variable name is fixed and cannot be edited or changed Description The bottom of the window provides a short definition and relevant information regarding the variable under consideration This description is fixed and cannot be edited or changed Input cells Input cells are on the right side of each variable name There are 3 types of input cells regular drop down and button Once selected input cells behave differently depending on their type Navigation between input cells is performed using the mouse cursor or the keyboard s Up or Down arrow keys pees www unisoftgs com UniSoft GS Geotechnical Solutions Regular input cell This is the most common type of input cell used throughout the application It was designed to behave as a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet cell Once it has been selected the cell may be edited by typing pressing the keyboard s F2 key or double clicking the left mouse button Editing is cancelled using the keyboard s Esc key or recorded by pressing the keyboard s Enter key or moving to another cell Regul
18. specify a name for the data under consideration We suggest keeping this name short as it is used in the data tree and the various results windows and combo boxes Description Use this to enter the description of your choice This entry has no effect on the remainder of the results and is provided for information only Shoulder Area Ratio a This entry represents the ratio between the shoulder area cone base unaffected by the pore water pressure to total shoulder area It is used in the calculation of the effective cone pressure qe when the pile resistance is calculated using the Eslami Fellenius method 14 2 Standard Cone Penetration Data This section of the window displays the data as imported They are automatically converted to match the selected design units pico www unisoftgs com UniSoft GS Geotechnical Solutions T Reset Data Standard Cone Penetration Data Depth d m qc kPa fs kPa U2 kPa N Index Blows ft L 0 000 0 000 0 000 0 000 0 0 2 0 050 19 025 000 71 720 115 366 37 0 3 0 100 17 841 000 117 370 359 733 35 0 4 0 150 15 155 000 153 500 129 492 30 0 5 0 200 9 351 000 112 910 87 996 18 0 6 0 250 6 329 000 79 710 69 161 31 0 7 0 300 4 718 000 63 170 50 227 23 0 8 0 350 3 656 000 51 450 36 788 27 0 9 0 400 3 027 000 65 730 29 724 22 0 In addition to the depth for each record the data imported in UniPile may include the cone pressure qc the sleeve friction fs the measure pore
19. that the head of water between the cell and the pump is equal to the head of water corresponding to the pore pressure at the cell level the water force at the cell level corresponds to the pore pressure times the full pile cross section 8 5 Analysis Options This section of the settings allows the user to disable portions of the analysis to speed up the calculations and to reduce the output produced by the software Settings ax General Settings nl General Analysis 7 Residual Load Loading Test Simulation Analysis Options Embedment vs Depth Yes Neutral Plane vs D L Yes Pile Settlement Yes Head Down Loading Test Yes Bidirectional Loading Test Yes Depending on the type of version installed in your computer some of these features may not be available weer www unisoftgs com UniSoft GS Geotechnical Solutions 9 DEPTH POINTS By default UniPile calculates and displays the results at depths defined in each soil layer via the Z Steps input Use this feature to specify additional depths of interest e g when back calculating the results of an instrumented static loading tests be it a head down or bidirectional test 9 1 Additional Depths Additional depths are defined by entering a depth value Depth points are added or deleted using the action buttons located at the top of the window Important Add above Add below Delete depth p Delete all depths Additional Depths Z Depth Z m
20. to correctly identify UniPile 5 0 project files If this is the case we recommend that you contact your network administrator Important Only project files previously created with UniPile 5 0 may be opened in this fashion If you are a registered user of UniPile 4 0 you may import UniPile 4 0 project files unp using the Import feature Importing other file formats is discussed in Section 5 0 Importing and Exporting 4 4 Recent Projects Project files may also be accessed via the Recent Projects feature located under the main File menu UniPile 5 0 File Data Site Analysis Results Administration Help 27 New Project Ctrl N 12 Open Project Ctrl O a l Save Save As Import UniSoft Files Filename Project Information Import SPT and CPT CPTu D 1 LELI River Bridge Unipile5 Name Kawi River Bridge 2 Hudson River 5567 Unipile5 Number 554 9876 Export 3 Jakarta iTower Unipile5 Deap Nodii Per Kaw Fiver de Page Setup Date June 2013 Printer Setup Address London Office amp Print Project Information Client Information Exit Name Final Condition Contact SPT CPT CPTu Data New Data Loads Excavations B t z q z Functions Path C Users Pieme Documents UniPile 5 0 Example Files Kawi River Bridge Unipile5 SHAFT User Defined SHAFT Ratio SHAFT Hansen 80 Remove Item Remove All Open SHAFT Chin Kondner SHAFT Zhang E Aways show Recent Projects
21. when User defined model is selected Additional rows may be added deleted or inserted using the buttons located at the top of the window Force Use these entries to define a series of loads when User defined model is selected Additional rows may be added deleted or inserted using the buttons located at the top of the window Important Each time a new function is created deleted or modified it automatically updates the list of available t Z q z functions available in each soil layer Important Each time a new function is created deleted or modified it automatically updates the list of available t Z q z functions available in each soil layer Important For advice on how to enter the parameters of the t z and q z functions refer to the Red Book Basics of Foundation Design by Bengt H Fellenius Dr Tech P Eng available online at http www unisoftgs com Uploaded downloads ReaBook pdf Important The load movement response for residual load condition is different to that of a no residual virgin condition For simulation of a static loading test under residual load condition the fact that the initial portion of in particular the g z function is re loading must be considered The same shape of the function cannot serve both the virgin and the residual load conditions Pie www unisoftgs com UniSoft GS Geotechnical Solutions 17 USER PREFERENCES User preferences are located under the main Administration me
22. will always be presented with an environment window giving you the option to browse and save your data using the filename and folder of your choice 5 6 Export Site Plan to Bitmap The site plan may be exported to a high resolution colour bitmap image by accessing the Export Site Plan option located under the main File menu Exporting the site plan is similar to saving a project file When selected you will be presented with an environment window giving you the option of browsing and saving your data using the filename and folder of your choice 5 7 Export Results to Excel The complete set of results currently in memory may be exported to an Excel xls file Exporting the results is similar to saving a project file When selected you will be presented with an environment window giving you the option to browse and save the results using the filename and folder of your choice The specific set of data exported is dictated by the conditions specified in the many result drop down boxes located in the secondary toolbar Tip Because the exported data is a combination of text and numbers Excel converts each cell using its General format If you plan to perform formatting or mathematical operations on some of the data you may have to manually convert the format from General to Number Depending on your version of Excel there are many ways to do this one of the simplest is to use the Paste Special feature of Excel as follows 1 In a
23. 0 WHAT S NEW Now 32 bit UniPile 5 0 is now a 32 bit compiled application It is fully compatible with Microsoft Windows XP SP3 Windows Vista and 2000 Windows 7 and Windows 8 both 32 bit and 64 bit versions New input and results windows We have developed a new look for all input and results windows These were designed to simplify data entry and facilitate navigation between various components and results Janbu and conventional method Pile and pile group settlement may now be calculated based on either Janbu or conventional parameters Input conversion to Janbu parameters is no longer required Loads and excavations Two new load types have been introduced full and half enbankments Loads and excavation need no longer to be concentric with the pile analyzed which allows designing for a more realistic environment Stress analysis Calculation of stresses and settlements may now be performed using Boussinesq Westergaard or 2 1 stress distributions Pile resistance analysis Pile ultimate resistance and load distribution may be calculated using 1 Static method Beta or Alpha CPTU method Eslami and Fellenius 2 CPT methods Schmertmann and Nottingham deRuiter and Beringen and Bustamente LCPC 3 SPT N indices methods Meyerhof Decourt and O Neill Reese The results CPTU and CPT methods automatically show the equivalent B coefficients Bidirectional cell loading test simulation In addition to the Head Down static loadi
24. 7 New Project Ctrl N LG Open Project Ctrl O 7 Recent Projects Zeil Save Ctrl S Save As When selecting a new project your interface will revert back to the original defaults and preferences Some of these preferences may be customized to your specific needs In order to do this access the User Preferences command located under the main Administration menu 4 2 Using the Demo Examples As part of the setup process you had the option of installing a series of example files that may be used for educational purposes If you elected to do this these example files were installed in the UniPile 5 0 Example Files folder created under the current user document folder If the application was installed on a server the network administrator may need to move these files manually to provide you with access The examples provided with the application were designed to cover a large range of conditions Note that if you are using a Demo version you will not be able to save and will be limited with what you may change Nonetheless the example files are a great tool which will assist you in learning the various features of the software as well as many geotechnical concepts Alternatively if these example files were not installed as part of the original setup you may obtain them by visiting the download section of our website at www unisoftgs com Feel www unisoftgs com UniSoft GS Geotechnical Solutions 4 3 Open Proje
25. B 0 18 Shaft Shear Strength ksf 0 00 Toe Resistance Use resistance coefficient Nt Bearing Coefficient Nt 5 0 pages eter www unisoftgs com UniSoft GS Geotechnical Solutions Bjerrum Burland Coefficient B Specifies the Bjerrum Burland beta coefficient used in the calculation of the shaft resistance when using the Static Beta method the B method Shaft Shear Strength Specifies the shaft shear strength or effective cohesion that can be applied directly to the pile shaft resistance independently of the effective stress the alpha method Toe Resistance Selects the method used to calculate the toe resistance when the Static method is selected Available options are a bearing resistance coefficient Nt or a fixed unit toe resistance rt Bearing Coefficient N Use this entry to specify a bearing resistance coefficient N This bearing coefficient is later multiplied by the effective stress and the toe area to obtain the ultimate toe resistance Unit Toe Resistance rn Use this entry to specify the unit toe resistance defined as the limit toe resistance for calculating the pile capacity The unit toe resistance is multiplied by the toe area to obtain the ultimate toe resistance 12 3 Resistance vs Movement Use this section to select specific resistance vs movement relationships for the shaft and the toe Resistance vs movement t z and q z functions are used in the simulation of the static head down and bidirectional cell st
26. OFESSIONAL 5 0 Toolbar A toolbar is a graphic user interface component upon which menus buttons icons or other input or output elements are placed peant www unisoftgs com UniSoft GS Geotechnical Solutions Menu and sub menu A menu is a list of commands usually presented at the top of the interface or at the top of individual windows Menus are often hierarchically organized allowing navigation through different levels of the menu structure Selecting a menu entry should result in an action or provide another list of options The latter is referred to asa sub menu Data Site Analysis Results Administration Help Project Ctrl N D EB Ru Rs Rt TE F Open Project 3 Recent Projects a Save Ctrl S Main Menu Save As Men Import UniSoft Files Sub Menu Import SPT and CPT CPTu Data Page Setup Soil Layers Printer Setup Pore Pressure Loads Excavations Exit Ctrl X Pile Data t z q z Functions SPT CPT CPTu Data Print Ctrl P Site Plan All Results Results Graph Popular menu items are often presented as buttons on toolbars This saves the user time by allowing quick access to frequently used actions Button In computing terms a button is a user interface element that provides the user with a simple way to trigger an event Selecting a button should result in an action or in the case of a drop down button
27. PT CPTU data have been successfully imported into UniPile they will become part of the project data Importing a new set of data will automatically reset the previous data Page 33 of 67 www unisoftgs com UniSoft GS Geotechnical Solutions Important Due to the large number of records that may have to be imported into UniPile there is no way to edit or enter these records manually at this time When faced with a few entries we suggest to enter the data in an ASCII text file then import the data as described above Once imported into your project SPT CPT and CPTU data may be accessed from the data tree under the heading SPT CPT CPTU Data Refer to Section 14 0 SPT CPT CPTU Data for more details on this topic 5 5 Export to XMLU File UniPile 5 0 has exporting capabilities for XMLU files Although very specific to UniPile 5 0 and UniSettle 4 0 the XMLU file format is based on the popular extensible mark up language XML In short XML is a set of rules for encoding documents into machine readable form When used in conjunction with the importing features of UniPile and UniSettle exporting of soil layers pore pressure profiles loads excavations and t z q z functions this feature allows you to quickly combine data from one project with another It may also be used to build separate libraries of components to be imported into various projects Exporting XMLU files is very similar to saving a project file When selected you
28. UniPile 5 0 for Windows User Manual UniSof GS Geotechnical Solutions 528 River Road Ottawa Ontario Canada K1V 1E9 www unisoftgs com 2011 2015 UniSoft Geotechnical Solutions Ltd All rights reserved Version 5 05 2 9 2015 3 02 22 PM UniSoft GS Geotechnical Solutions TABLE OF CONTENTS PART 1 0 INTRODUCTION lett teetteeeccseeesteeeseaeecsseeeecaeeeeesaeesaees 5 dt Weleome e AEN EENS ENER eeh ES deNEeh de 5 1 2 Technical Support go qj qj jq 4 si caisstss cass ceaticsatstaprcyensbentncasesteuncecsirels 6 1 3 Recommended System Requirements eessen 6 1 4 Example Fil6 s Eed GREEN 6 1 5 Activating UniPile 5 0 ENEE 6 ZOWHAT SNEW j iusietsthtvcscentudsdeaabdebels dee dee 7 3 0 USING UNIDILE tate teceeteeeteeeeceeteeeeeeeecaeeneeesaeenaeees 8 3 1 Definitions atte tet tet ceeeeteeeecaaeeeeeeeeeeaeeeeeeeeeeeaees 8 3 2 Navigating UniPile 5 0 00 atte tte e eta aeeetteeeeseaeeeeeeeeesaeeeeeaeeeneaees 11 SS Data Menu 242 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 eee eens takers deeg 11 3 4 Entering Data ett ttt eeete eee etteeeeeeaeeeeeeeeesaeeeeeeeeeeeaees 14 4 0 YOUR FIRST ANALYSIS i eeeeetecstteescteeeesseeecaeesseeeeeesseeeseeeeeesas 17 4 New Project 4 4 ead daduhicwhsuaacatsndeyusvavausesansenvecenruiuesansseess 17 4 2 Using the Demo Examples 17 4 3 Open Project EE 18 4 4Recent Projects AE 19 4 5 SelectingUnits aani dkna ddi aaae 20 4 6 Viewing Design Data A 20 4 7 View Site Plan ett tte te te eee ett
29. allows the user to display and access a large number of items The data tree is also context sensitive a term meaning that the various menu options available at any given time might vary depending on the item currently selected The following image shows the data tree for a project having three soil layers Selecting any soil layer from the list e g Clay will display the input data specific to the layer Similarly selecting any other item from a list will display the input data specific the item E General Input Project Information Settings Depth Points Pile Data New Pile Se keng Group iai clay E ge Ae Description Sand Label Clay Silt Thickness m 15 00 Pore Pressure Depth m 20 00 Initial Pore Pressure Z Steps m 1 00 Final Pore Pressure Layer Interpolation Use layer average values SPT CPT CPTu Data Density kg m 1 950 New Data Initial Void Ratio en 0 000 Loads Resistance Parameters Static New Load Bjerrum Burland Coefficient B 0 18 Excavations Shaft Shear Strength kPa 0 0 3 3 Data Menu The main Data menu is used to add delete copy paste move expand and collapse the various components of the data tree It is directly related to the context sensitive feature of the data tree In other words the options presented under the main Data menu are dynamic and will change according to the data tree item selected This also means that the Data menu may be accessed directly by
30. ar Input Cell Engineer Name P A G Firm Department Testing Environment Project Folder C Users Pierre Documents Display Units SI Numerical Format Windows Default Drop down input cell A drop down input cell is recognized by the downward arrow a triangle with its apex pointing downward located on the right side of the cell It usually provides the user with a list of items to choose from This type of cell is edited by pressing the keyboard s F2 key or by clicking the left mouse button on the downward arrow Editing is cancelled using the keyboard s Esc key or recorded by pressing the keyboard s Enter key Some drop down input cells will only allow selection from a pre determined list Others will allow you to enter and select your own content An example of a drop down input cell may be found in the Display Units input located in the User Preferences window Drop Down Cell Engineer Name P A G UniSoft GS td Testing Firm Department Environment Project Folder C Us fs Pierre Documents Display Units SI Numerical Format Other Input SI Customary US Z Steps m a SPE www unisoftgs com UniSoft GS Geotechnical Solutions Button input cell When it has the focus a button input cell is recognized by the ellipsis button located on the right side of the cell When activated this feature will provide a new input window allowing you to complete the edit
31. atic loading tests t z q z Function Toe e General Name Toe Description Model Maximum X Axis Value mm Ratio Model Parameters Chin KondnerHyperbolic Movement at ru Su mm Exponential Zhang Coefficient a Hansen 80 Model User defined Select mathematical model describing t z q z The content of the lists both Shaft t z and Toe q z originates from the list of t z q z functions defined later in the input Please refer to Section 16 0 t z q z Functions for details on how to build the t z and q z functions that will be displayed in the list of available functions 12 4 Compressibility The entries located under this heading refer to the layer compressibility properties and parameters Some of the entries described in this section may or may not be visible depending on the options selected eee www unisoftgs com UniSoft GS Geotechnical Solutions Soil Layer Upper Layer ES Compressibility Compressibility Conventional E e0 Cc Cr SoilResponse Non Linear PreconsolidationParameter Useoverconsolidation ratio OCR Overconsolidation Ratio OCR 1 00 Compression Index Ce 0 045 Recompression Index Cr 0 038 Important UniPile 5 0 calculates the long term consolidation settlement of the soil in the vicinity of the pile under consideration Immediate and secondary consolidation may be obtained by exporting the data to UniSettle 4 0 and perform the settlement calculations there Compr
32. clicking on the or sign located on the left side of a heading In addition the complete tree may be expanded by selecting the Expand All command Individual items may then be collapsed by clicking the sign located on the left side of the heading Collapse All This command acts opposite to the Expand All command It collapses the entire tree to a minimum number of items Individual items may then be expanded by clicking the sign located on the left side of the heading beier www unisoftgs com UniSoft GS Geotechnical Solutions 3 4 Entering Data In an effort to provide consistency and to facilitate the use of the software all input windows use an Excel type grid and cell system The following image uses the User Preferences window to describe some of the features applicable to most input windows User preferences may be accessed from the main Administration menu and are discussed in greater detail in Section 17 0 User Preferences Group Heading Input Cell Engineer Name P A G Firm UniSoft GS ptd Department Testing Variable Name Environment Project Folder C Usegs Pierre Documents Display Units SI Numerical Format Windows Default Other Input Z Steps m 1 00 Compressibility Janbu j and modulus number Description Stress Distribution Boussinesq Pile Resistance Method Static Display Units Default design units when the application begin Group heading The group heading is used to describe a
33. clicking the right mouse button on a selected data tree item The following sample image shows the list of options under the main Data menu when the Clay soil layer is selected Many of the options presented under the main Data menu are also available as buttons on the secondary toolbar The role of each feature is explained below BC www unisoftgs com UniSoft GS Geotechnical Solutions D Unit san O k asaa Latest File Data Site Analysis Results Administration Help 1 AS View Edit Soil Layer e Ry Rs Re As Re F o o 4 Previous PS Net H Ge Add New Soil Layer Zi Delete Soil Layer G DU 23 Copy Soil Layer 3 Paste Soil Layer 2 General o So E Move Up Name Clay GZ Move Down EES Sa Label Expand All Thickness m 15 00 E Po Collapse All Depth m 20 00 Z Steps m 1 00 Final Pore Pressure Layer Interpolation Use layer average values E SPT CPT CPTu Data Density kg m 1 950 New Data Initial Void Ratio eo 0 000 Loads Resistance Parameters Static Weg Bjerrum Burland Coefficient B 0 18 The following section describes the various features of the Data menu and assumes that a soil layer component has been selected Some of these features may read differently or be disabled altogether if a different component is selected However the concept remains the same View Edit Soil Layer This option is the equivalent of a double click in a data tre
34. ct To open a new project already residing on your system access the Open Project command located under the main File menu Data Site Analysis Results A 27 New Project Ctrl N CG Open Project Ctrl O 7 Recent Projects Zeil Save Ctrl S Save As A browser window showing the contents of your computer and other connected drives should appear UniPile 5 0 project files have by default the UniPile5 file extension Once you find the project you are looking for simply bring it in by clicking the Open button Date modified Kawi River Bridge Unipile5 30 04 2013 9 51 PM UniPile 5 0 Project akarta iTower Unipile5 30 04 2013 7 11 PM UniPile 5 0 Project bg Hudson River 5567 Unipile5 11 10 2012 5 20 P UniPile 5 0 Project vorite Links Automatically Add t Desktop Computer Demo Example 2 UnipileS 09 06 2013 12 18 PM UniPile 5 0 Project Documents Demo Example 1 Unipile5 09 06 2013 12 16 PM UniPile 5 0 Project Pictures Music Recently Changed Searches Public A E We E E E DN B A Folders A al File name Hudson River 5567 Unipile5 paneer www unisoftgs com UniSo f GS Geotechnical Solutions If the process was successful the interface and the data tree will automatically be updated to display the latest set of data of the imported file Important In many versions of Windows file extensions are hidden by default If this occurs you may not be able
35. cts lal Save Ctrl S Save As emm Clay Import UniSoft Files Description Import SPT and CPT CPTu Data Label ae i Thickness ft 49 21 tine Depth ft 65 62 Page Setup Z Steps ft 2 0 Printer Setup Layer Interpolation Use layer aver Se a ne N Density lb ft 121 73 int Soil Layer Clay S Print Soil Layer Clay Initial Void Ratio eo 0 000 Exit Ctrl X Resistance Parameters Static Rierrum Rurland Cneffirient R Nik Basic page setup including paper size source orientation and margins is available via the Page Setup option UniPile also provides the ability to print to a PDF file directly This may also be achieved by downloading and installing one of the many PDF printers available on the Internet BEE www unisoftgs com UniSoft GS Geotechnical Solutions 5 0 IMPORTING AND EXPORTING Importing and exporting features extend the usefulness of UniPile to other popular software The exporting and importing options are located under the main File menu and are described below File Data Site Analysis Results Administration Help ig New Project Ctrl N B Ry Rs Re Ags RF rz TF BF Open Project Ctri O 3 Recent Projects Zeil Save Ctrl S Save As Import UniSoft Files Import SPT and CPT CPTu Data All Data Page Setup Soil Layers Printer Setup Pore Pressure amp Print Analysis Summary Graph Ctrl P Loads Excavations Exit Ctrl X
36. d If placed anywhere else than at the pile toe the width and breath of the raft must consider the distribution between the position and the pile toe The Red Book suggests the load spreading to be 5 V 1 H Depth of Raft Use this entry to impose a specific depth to the equivalent raft This input is only available when User defined equivalent raft is selected Shape Use this entry to select the geometric shape of the pile group under consideration Available shapes are Rectangle or Polygon 11 3 Geometry Use this section of the pile group window to specify the exact geometry of the pile group under consideration The entries available under this topic depend on the selected shape of the pile group under consideration The following image shows the available entries for a rectangular shape pile group r Pile Group Cap A1 l Geometry Breadth B ft 16 50 Length L ft 10 00 x ft y ft E 65 62 49 21 Breadth B Defines the breadth or width of a rectangular shape pile group It refers to the dimension measured along the East West direction X Axis Length L Defines the length of a rectangular shape pile group It refers to the dimension measured along the North South direction Y Axis X and Y Coordinates These coordinates define the exact location and shape of a polygon type pile group Coordinates must be specified in a clockwise fashion eer www unisoftgs com UniSoft GS Geotechnica
37. directly related to the pressure via the water density specified in the Settings window Changing one automatically updates the other Changing the water density from the general settings updates the pressure accordingly PE oie www unisoftgs com UniSoft GS Geotechnical Solutions 14 SPT CPT CPTU DATA SPT CPT and CPTU data are required to obtain the pile resistance using other methods such as the Eslami amp Fellenius CPTU Schmertmann amp Nottingham CPT deRuiter amp Beringen Dutch CPT Bustamente LCPC CPT and the Meyerhof SPT methods These data are imported into UniPile via the Import SPT CPT CPTU Data command located under the main File menu Refer to Section 5 0 Importing and Exporting for details on how to import data into UniPile 5 0 Due to the large number of records that may have to be imported into UniPile there is no way to edit or enter these records manually at this time When dealing with a few entries we suggest placing the data in an ASCII text file then importing the data as described in Section 5 4 Import SPT CPT CPTU Data Important Once imported data may be reset using the reset button located at the top of the window 14 1 General The entries located under this heading refer to the data under consideration e 80 m Deep CPTU Profile Ex x General Name 80 m Deep CPTU Profile Description Test Hole 155 659 Shoulder Area Ratio a 0 800 Name Use this entry to
38. dividual areas must be entered Important The shape of the pile affects how UniPile interpolates the pile geometry during the analysis When one of the pre defined shapes is selected UniPile interpolates the pile profile based on the specified pile diameter If the User defined shape is selected interpolation is based on the specified area er www unisoftgs com UniSoft GS Geotechnical Solutions 11 PILE GROUP DATA Piles are rarely installed alone as single piles They are most often located in groups and are interconnected via a pile cap In UniPile the pile group data are used to calculate the settlement of the soil in the vicinity of the pile under consideration Others piles located in the vicinity will in theory impose additional stresses on the pile under consideration and this could affect the ultimate resistance Despite this in UniPile the load imposed by the pile group is used only in the calculation of the settlement and is not included in the pile resistance analysis However the effect of close by pile groups may be included in the pile resistance analysis by adding their effect as additional loads Important The purpose of this section is not to explain each parameter in details and how they apply to the calculation of the pile s ultimate resistance or the settlement calculation For more information we recommend that you refer to the Red Book Basics of Foundation Design by Bengt H Fellenius Dr Tech P Eng
39. ducing a negative copy of the same load applicable at a final time period When imported into UniPile 5 0 similar conditions require the manual addition of counteracting loads or excavations 5 4 Import SPT CPT CPTU Data UniPile 5 0 offers the option of calculating the pile resistance using various method for using cone penetration and standard penetration test data These data often come in ASCII text files of various format and units This feature allows you to import these data directly into the UniPile file without having to do manual re entry Note that the CPT CPTU records and STP records cannot be placed together in a common file If an analysis is desired for both types of records two separate UniPile Files will have to be created one with the CPT CPTU data and one with the STP data DEE www unisoftgs com UniSo f GS Geotechnical Solutions Results Administration Help UniPile 5 0 File Data Site Analysis ig New Project Ctrl N LG Open Project Ctrl O E3 Recent Projects el Save Ctrl S Save As Import UniSoft Files C Import SPT and CPT CPTu Data Y a eg port gt Ex Page Setup Printer Setup amp Print Analysis Summary Ctrl P Exit Ctrl X E SPT CPT CPTu Data New Data D Loads Existing Building New Addition Excavations G t z q z Functions New Function i EB RuRs Re As RF o oO Number of Head
40. e Bustamente LCPC methods Installation Method Select one of the pre defined installation methods Driven Bored or Screwed The pile installation method is a required input when selecting the Bustamente LCPC or the Meyerhof SPT methods Toe Influence Zone Select one of the pre defined toe influence zones Weak Dense or Dense Weak The toe influence zone is a required input when selecting the Eslami Fellenius CPTU method Toe Correlation Coeff C Use this entry to specify the toe correlation coefficient used in the calculation of the toe resistance This toe correlation coefficient is a required input when selecting the Eslami Fellenius CPTU Schmertmann Nottingham or the deRuiter Beringen Dutch method in sand ROSE www unisoftgs com UniSo f GS Geotechnical Solutions Note The toe resistance of a pile in sand according to the deRuiter Beringen Dutch method is the same as the Schmertmann Nottingham method Shaft Toe Coeff Nx Use this input to specify the shaft toe correlation coefficient used in the calculation of the shaft and toe resistance of piles in clay according to the deRuiter Beringen Dutch method Adhesion Factor Q Use this entry to specify the shaft adhesion factor according to the deRuiter Beringen Dutch method Energy Correction Coeff Ce Energy correction coefficient applicable to the Meyerhof SPT method 10 3 Geometry This section of the pile data window describes the general geometr
41. e Initial Pore Pressure simply click the related entry from the data tree TE www unisoftgs com UniSoft GS Geotechnical Solutions New Pile New Group E Soil Layers Sand Clay Silt Name Initial Pore Pressure E Pore Praccure ___ Description Measured Before Construction June 2013 Initial Pore Pressure Period Initial at Pere Pressure Profile Type Hydrostatic SPT CPT CPTu Data Hydrostatic Profile New Data s G W T Depth m 2 50 New Load B Excavations New Excavation General E t z q z Functions Pore pressure general category New Function The data tree combined with the Data menu provide an efficient way to navigate edit add and delete input data Refer to Section 3 0 Using UniPile for more information regarding various features of the data tree 4 7 View Site Plan When dealing with multiple coordinates even small mistakes may result in the most severe consequences In order to assist the engineer a bird s eye view of the site under consideration is produced by accessing the main Site Plan menu In addition the site plan may be printed or exported to a bitmap file Additional information may be found in Section 4 12 Print Data and Results and Section 5 6 Export Site Plan to Bitmap Ae Kr o o 4 E General Input Project Information Settings Depth Points B Pile Data Cap A1 B Soil Layers ap Al Sand E Pore Pressure Initial Pore Pressure Final P
42. e Pile Data Section 10 0 because the relative movement between the pile and the soil building up residual load is usually smaller than the settlement that results in building up a drag force in the pile The height input is therefore usually longer 8 4 Loading Test Simulation Use this section to specify the parameters affecting the static loading test simulation The static loading test simulation head down andvidirectional cell combines the calculated pile resistance with the pile soil behavior movement curve t z and q z functions to simulate the results of a static loading test General Settings General Analysis 7 Residual Load Max Toe Mvmt mm Depth of Cell m Shaft Buoyant Weight Analysis Options Loading Test Simulation Loading test simulation settings Max Toe Mvmt Use this entry to specify the maximum toe movement used in the static loading test simulation head down and O cell eee www unisoftgs com UniSoft GS Geotechnical Solutions Depth Bidirectional Cell Use this entry to specify the depth of the Bidirectional Cell Shaft Buoyant Weight In order to move the pile above the cell level upward the bidirectional cell must overcome the pile weight in addition to the soil resistance Moreover an actual test includes the effect of the pore pressure acting at the cell level after the bond in the pile is broken the first effect of engaging the cell which pore pressure then introduces a water
43. e depth of the neutral plane Approximately the height can be chosen to twice the distance between neutral plane and up where the relative soil settlement is 3 to 5 mm larger than the value at the neutral plane or similarly twice the distance down to where the settlement is that same amount smaller than the value at the neutral plane Thus where the soil settlement around the pile is small the height is large and conversely where the soil settlement is large the height is small Pile Density Use this entry to define the density of the material used in the construction of the pile shaft The density is used to calculate the pile weight when considering the simulate of the bidirectional test 10 2 Resistance Parameters Use this section of the input window to specify the pile resistance parameters for analysis using CPT CPTU and SPT records different methods requiring different input The visibility and availability of some of these entries depends on the pile resistance method selected under the general analysis settings Section 8 0 For specific requirements see the Red Book referenced Section 1 1 4 e Pile Pile A1 Exa Resistance Parameters deRuiter Beringen Dutch CPT Toe Correlation Coeff Ct 1 000 Shaft Toe Coeff Nk 20 0 Adhesion Factor a 1 000 Pile Type Select one of the pre defined pile types Steel Concrete or Wood The pile type is a required input when selecting the Schmertmann Nottingham or th
44. e item It will bring the selected input window or form to the forefront of the interface Previous Forces the selection of the item appearing just above the item currently selected For example if the second soil layer is currently selected selecting this option will move the focus and display the input data related to the first soil layer Next Forces the selection of the item appearing just below the item currently selected For example if the last soil layer is currently selected selecting this option will move the focus to the Initial Pore Pressure item of the data tree Add New Soil Layer Use this option to add a new component to the project Depending on the current selection this feature is also updated and used to add new soil layers loads excavations or t z q z functions Components may only be added one at atime Components are always added to the bottom of the list P www unisoftgs com UniSoft GS Geotechnical Solutions Tip To insert a new soil layer between two existing layers use the Add New Soil Layer option in conjunction with the Move Up command discussed below Delete Soil Layer Use this option to delete an existing component of the project Depending on the current selection this feature may be used to delete an existing soil layer load excavation or t z q z function Multiple components of the same group may be deleted at once To select a series of components click on the items while holding
45. e main File menu Recent Projects Import UniSoft Files Open Project Ctrl O Save Ctrl S Data Site Analysis Results Administration New Project Ctrl N When selecting Save As you will always be presented with an environment window giving you the option to browse and save your data using the filename and folder of your choice If your data were previously saved or opened under a given name the Save option will skip the environment window and save the file in the background Important The Save and Open options may only be used to open and save project files i e files with the UniPile5 extension Other types of data may be imported or exported using the import and export features discussed in Section 5 0 Importing and Exporting Page 29 of 67 www unisoftgs com UniSoft GS Geotechnical Solutions 4 12 Print Data and Results All data results and charts produced by UniPile may be sent to a Microsoft Windows 7 compatible printer Printing in UniPile is context sensitive meaning that only the data or results currently on top with the focus may be printed The image below shows the input data for a Clay soil layer The Print option is updated to show the specific topic available for printing at this time File Data Site Analysis Results Administration Help 2 New Project Ctrl N D O B Ru Rs Re As RF io B Open Project Ctrl 0 lt E3 Recent Proje
46. e piles and expanded base piles Modulus E This entry defines the pile shaft according to the Young s modulus of elasticity In UniPile the pile modulus of elasticity is combined with the pile cross sectional area Asx to calculate the pile compression and in the simulation of the static loading test head down and bidirectional 10 4 User Defined Longitudinal Profile When selecting a User defined longitudinal profile the pile data window automatically shows the pile s geometrical properties as a function of depth Add above Add below Delete depth Delete all depths Longitudinal Profile User defined Taper Effect Yes Cross Section Round Depth d ft Diam b in Toe At ft 2 Modulus E ksi 0 00 55 00 16 4988 4 000 46 00 48 00 12 5664 4 000 50 00 96 00 50 2655 4 000 Depth d ft Depth along pile profile starting at the head A user defined pile profile is built by adding or inserting new rows of input to the pile profile For each row added new input of depth diameter shaft areas and modulus is required Pe www unisoftgs com UniSoft GS Geotechnical Solutions Important Action buttons are only enabled when the focus is on a specific series The specific properties that must be entered depend on the cross section selected When one of the pre defined cross sections is selected the user is required to specify the pile diameter at each specified depth When User defined cross section is selected in
47. eeeeseaeeeeeeeeeeeaeetseneeeeeaees 21 4 8Performan Analysis 0 aaeetae tect tee teaeeeeteseeeeeeaeeaeecaeeeeeeeneeeeees 24 4 9 Review Results i ettae teat teecteeeeeteeeeeeseaeeaeeeaeeaeeeeeeeeeees 24 4 10 Chart Results tte tect tee ceaeeeeeeceeeeseaeeaeeeaeeaeeeteeneeeeees 27 4 11 Save Data tte tee tee eeaeeceteeeeeeeeeeeeeeecaeeaeesaeeneeeeees 29 4 12 Print Data and Results inet tte tteeeteteteeeeteeeteeeceeeeecaeeeeeeteteenaees 30 5 0 IMPORTING AND EXPORTING eieeetteeteteescteeeesseeseaaeeesseeesssaeeesseeeeesas 31 5 1 Importing UniPile 4 0 Files A 31 5 2 Importing UniSoft XMLU Files ine ate tttteeeteaeeetteeeetaeeeeeeeeeseaeeeeeaeeeeeaees 32 5 3 Importing UniSettle 4 0 Files ieee a te ttteeeeteaeettteeeetaeeteeeeeeseaeeeeeeeeeneaees 32 5 4 Import SPT CPT CPTU Data aneaee tte tect teceteneeteeeteeeceeeetcaeeeteeseeenaees 32 5 5 Export to XMLU File nett ttce tee teaeeeeetseeeeeeeeeeseeeaeeaeeeaeeeeeeees 34 5 6 Export Site Plan to Bitmap aneeete teat teeeeaeeeeteaeeeeeeceeeaeeeaeeaeeceeeeeaees 34 5 7 Export Results to Excel anette teat teeteaeeeeteaeeeeeeceeeaeecaesaeeceeeeeeees 34 Eege www unisoftgs com UniSoft GS Geotechnical Solutions 5 8 Export Results to Text File 5 9 Export Chart to Bitmap 6 0 ADMINISTRATION 6 1 User Preferences 6 2 Check for New Update 6 3 Register UniPile 6 4 Activate UniPile 6 5 Advanced PART Il 7 0 PROJECT INFORMATION 7 1 Project 7 2 Client 7 3 Engineer 7 4 Custom 8 0 SETTINGS 8 1 General Settings
48. elp you navigate the many features of the software 2 A document entitled Getting Started describing how to setup upgrade register and activate UniPile 5 0 3 An examples manual describing the various example files provided with the software 4 The Red Book a text book called Basics of Foundation Design by Bengt H Fellenius Dr Tech P Eng which addresses settlement analysis piled foundations footings retaining walls and vertical drain projects supplementing but not replacing conventional and more comprehensive geotechnical textbooks This document is not provided with the software but may be downloaded free of charge by visiting http www unisoftgs com Uploaded downloads RedBook pdf Important The purpose of this user manual is not to teach or to educate engineers on the many concepts related to pile design and geotechnical engineering in general We assume that our users are well experienced in the design of piles and deep foundation in general UniPile 5 0 is available in many modes Demo Educational Basic Standard and Professional Depending on the type of version you are running some of the features described in this manual may be disabled From time to time we also issue updates to correct minor issues or add new features Slight differences may exist between the images shown in this document and the version that is running on your computer This application has many features and hoping to learn them all in a sin
49. er Rows Data Delimiter Depth Cone Penetration Data Cone Stress qc Col 2 MPa Col 3 Sleeve Friction fs Pore Pressure U2 Col 4 Standard Penetration Data N Index Col 5 Depth qc fs U2 N m MPa kPa kPa 000 0 000 0 000 0 000 0 050 19 025 71 720 115 366 37 100 17 841 117 370 359 733 35 150 15 155 153 500 129 492 30 200 9 351 112 910 87 996 18 250 6 329 79 710 69 161 31 300 4 718 63 170 50 227 23 350 3 656 51 450 36 788 27 400 3 027 65 730 29 724 22 450 3 339 65 310 28 940 24 0 0 K 0 0 K 0 K 0 0 The import window consists of a series of standard parameters that UniPile will use to import and convert the data to an acceptable format Number of Header Row Select the total number of rows representing the file header These rows will be disregarded by UniPile to move the cursor to the start of the numerical records Data Delimiter Select the type of characters delimiting the data You may select between Spaces Comma or Tab If none of these 3 options allows you to correctly import your data you may have to open your raw data into any other compatible format and modify them accordingly Column and Units For each set of data required by UniPile specify the column and the units applicable to the data that will be imported in UniPile Once SPT or C
50. essibility Use this entry to select the preferred settlement calculation method The available options are the Janbu modulus method or the conventional E o Cc and Cr methods The modulus number m is equal to 2 3 1 e0 Cc Input of the so determined modulus number will make input of the void ratio superfluous Stress Exponent j Refers to the Janbu stress exponent applicable to the soil layer under consideration This input is available only when the Janbu modulus method was selected previously Soil Response Specifies the type of soil response linear or non linear Only available when the conventional method was selected previously Preconsolidation Parameter Identifies how preconsolidation is specified and calculated Preconsolidation may be defined using the overconsolidation ratio OCR or the preconsolidation margin Ao Overconsolidation Ratio OCR Use this entry to specify preconsolidation using an overconsolidation ratio Setting this value to 1 0 is equivalent to disabling preconsolidation This input is only available when the preconsolidation using the overconsolidation ratio OCR is selected Important The overconsolidation ratio specified in this section is considered only for the calculation of the consolidation settlement and has no bearing on the calculation of the pile capacity When the pile resistance is calculated using the Schmertmann amp Nottingham CPT or the deRuiter amp Beringen Dutch CPT method
51. ethods of analysis methodology used by UniPile during the analysis General Analysis Period Final Stress Distribution 2 1 Distribution Pile Resistance Method Schmertmann amp Nottingham CPT Soil Classification Method As per Eslami Fellenius Pore Pressure Model From cone data Pesos www unisoftgs com UniSoft GS Geotechnical Solutions Period Use this entry to define the conditions under which the pile resistance is calculated Technically the pile ultimate resistance is directly related to the effective stress in the soil The period selected in this window does not affect the calculation of the soil settlement in the vicinity of the pile The settlement is calculated using the change in effective stresses between the final and initial conditions Important Starting with UniPile 5 0 a load or an excavation specified as Initial continues to exist into the Final condition period If the scope of the load or excavation is meant to be temporary and removed after the initial stage of construction a second case of the same load but now negative must be specified at the Final period This concept is compatible with UniSettle 4 0 Stress Distribution UniPile 5 0 performs stress distribution using Boussinesg Westergaard or 2 1 Distribution Use this entry to select the method to be used in the analysis The stress distribution method applies to loads excavations and pile group Pile Resistance Method
52. ge is beyond the edge of the view Mouse button zoom When enabled it allows the user to zoom in or out of the image by clicking on the left or right mouse buttons respectively Select the default cursor button to return it to its default behaviour Area zoom When selected this option allows you to zoom the image in a specific rectangular area To do this move the cursor to one corner of the area you want to enlarge While holding down the left mouse button move the cursor to create a rectangle around the area you wish to enlarge Release the mouse button Select the default cursor button to return it to its default behaviour View full image Resets the image zoom so the full image the width and the height fits inside the current view Page 22 of 67 www unisoftgs com UniSoft GS Geotechnical Solutions View full width Resets the image zoom so the width fits inside the current view View full height Resets the image zoom so the height fits inside the current view Site plan options This is a drop down button which allows you to dictate the contents of the site plan Specific items may be selected checked or de selected unchecked Final Show Loads P Lade Name Coordinates Show Excavations Name Coordinates Show Piles Name Coordinates v Show Pile Groups Name cl Coordinates Show 0 0 Origin Show History Use these options to hide or displa
53. gle reading is unrealistic Part of this user manual refers to the use of the software in general terms Part Il describes the input variables used throughout the application If your copy of the software is already installed activated and ready to go we suggest that you jump straight to Section 3 0 Using UniPile If you are anxious to perform an analysis immediately jump to Section 4 0 Your First Analysis Eege www unisoftgs com UniSoft GS Geotechnical Solutions 1 2 Technical Support Free limited technical support regarding the use of all our products may be obtained by contacting us at support unisoftgs com We also suggest that you regularly consult our website at www unisoftgs com It provides many technical papers and FAQs that may already have the answer to your question Before contacting us please make sure that you are using the latest release of the product as we correct and release updates as issues are reported Also please have your serial number available It is shown in the About window located under the main Help menu 1 3 Recommended System Requirements UniPile 5 0 was developed specifically for the Microsoft Windows 7 environment It has however been tested on earlier versions of Microsoft Windows Vista Windows XP SP3 and Windows 2000 In that respect UniPile 5 0 requires Microsoft Net Framework Version 3 5 SP1 or above Microsoft Net Framework comes pre installed with Microsoft Windows 7 For ea
54. he calculation of the toe resistance The extent of this table depends on the selected pile resistance method Embedment Analysis WEAP Present the results of a static soil resistance for an array of depths Typically these results may be exported to Excel or a text file to facilitate input into the GRLWEAP software PE www unisoftgs com UniSoft GS Geotechnical Solutions Neutral Plane Analysis Report on the pile factor of safety and the depth of the neutral plane for an array of dead load Pile Settlement and Compression Present the calculations of the expected long term pile compression and consolidation settlement in the vicinity of the pile caused by the pile group This analysis assumes equilibrium i e no pile soil differential settlement at the location of the neutral plane Residual Load Report on the residual load profile calculated from the of shaft and toe mobilization specified If enabled the false resistance will be included in the loading test simulation Head Down Loading Test Simulation Report on the load movement curve simulating a head down static loading test to soil failure This simulation is based on the t z q z curves describing the stress movement behaviour of the soil along the pile shaft and at the toe of the pile Bidirectional Loading Test Simulation Report on the load movement curve simulating the Bidirectional Cell static loading test This simulation is based on the t z q z curves describing
55. he project under consideration The information entered on this form has no specific effect on the end results of an analysis except for display and reporting purposes Project Name Kawi River Bridge Number 554 9876 Description North Pier Kawi River Bridge Date June 2013 Address London Office Client Name Kawi River Port Authority Contact Address Engineer Name P A G Firm Soil Investigation Department Deep Foundation Custom Replacement of existing bridge Number Current project identification number 7 1 Project Use this section of the form to specify general information relating to the project under consideration The entries listed under this subject are also displayed in the Recent Projects window located under the main File menu The Name input is also displayed on the interface status bar and many of the printouts 7 2 Client Refers to general client information The information specified under this topic is also used in the Recent Projects window located under the main File menu DE E www unisoftgs com UniSoft GS Geotechnical Solutions 7 3 Engineer Use this section to specify general information regarding the engineer working on the analysis The defaults used under this heading may be personalized by accessing the User Preferences option located under the main Administration menu 7 4 Custom This section of the form provides 3 additional lines of input to record the i
56. he rest of the results and is provided for information only X Y Coordinates Specify the Cartesian X Y coordinates of the pile under consideration These coordinates are important as they are used as the target coordinates to distribute and calculate the effective stresses acting on the pile Dead Load Use this entry to specify the amount of dead load also called sustained load on the pile The dead load is used to obtain the location of the neutral plane and in combination with the drag force estimating the maximum axial force in the pile Live Load Use this input to specify the amount of live load acting on the pile The live load is used to calculate the factor of safety based on the pile ultimate resistance It has no bearing on the pile compression or settlement Notice so called sustained live loads may act as dead load in determining the location of the neutral plane and the maximum axial force in the pile EEN www unisoftgs com UniSoft GS Geotechnical Solutions Transition Height Enter the estimated transition height above the neutral plane The transition represents the portion where the unit shaft resistance switches from negative to positive directions of shear The transition height is usually not the same as that specified under the Residual Load feature Section 8 3 Its value affects reduces the amount of drag force acting on the pile The height of the transition zone is a function of the soil settlement at th
57. ial or Final Important Starting with UniPile 5 0 a load or an excavation specified as Initial continues to exist beyond the Final period If the scope of the load or excavation is meant to be temporary and removed after the initial stage of construction a second negative image of the same load must be specified at Final condition This concept is compatible with UniSettle 4 0 Status Use this entry to temporarily disable a load or excavation from your analysis Disabled loads and excavations appear on the site plan as a grey colour rather than blue load or red excavations Shape Use this entry to select the geometric shape of the load or excavation under consideration Available loads are Point Line Rectangle Triangle Circle Polygon Embankment symmetrical or half and Entire site Available excavations are Rectangle Triangle Circle Polygon and Entire site Tip Point loads are the fastest way to model small footings Line loads are the fastest way to model long and narrow footings and or roads Rectangular shapes are the most efficient way to model large loads or excavations Feb www unisoftgs com UniSoft GS Geotechnical Solutions 15 2 Geometry The entries available under this subject depend on the shape of the load or excavation under consideration The following image shows the available entries for a polygon shape load e Load Existing Building Shape Polygon Geometry
58. ined model is selected Add above Add below Delete depth Delete all depths SS Graph function e t z q z Function SHAFT User Defined Ex t PLEJ E General Name SHAFT User Defined Description Model User defined Model Parameters Movement mm Force E 1 0 40 0 Zz 2 0 60 0 3 3 0 74 0 4 4 0 83 0 7 0 100 0 ie 20 0 85 0 8 30 0 80 0 9 50 0 78 0 10 80 0 77 0 Movement at ru u Use this entry to specify the movement shaft or toe at ultimate resistance or the movement at any specific resistance The loading test simulation will stop at this movement value Useful in particular when applied to the pile toe response pace www unisoftgs com UniSoft GS Geotechnical Solutions Ratio Exponent A ratio exponent ranging from a small value through unity This value is used when the Ratio model is selected Zhang Coefficient a Use this entry to specify the Zhang independent coefficient Exponent Coefficient b Use this entry to specify the exponent coefficient The exponent coefficient is required when the Exponential model is selected Slope C Use this entry to specify the slope of the straight line when the Chin Kondner Hyperbolic or the Hansen 80 model is selected Ordinate Intercept C2 Use this entry to specify the ordinate intercept of the straight line when the Chin Kondner Hyperbolic or the Hansen 80 model is selected Movement Use these entries to define a series of movements
59. ined shapes the pile toe diameter is assumed to be equal to the pile diameter b Diameter b When selecting one of the pre defined shapes revising the pile diameter automatically re calculates the geometrical properties of the pile For polygonal shapes such as square or octagonal the pile diameter is measured from face to face i e a circle fitting inside the shape Shaft Area As Use this entry to define or overwrite the pile shaft surface area i e area per unit length Input of the unit shaft area is necessary when a user defined shape is specified Alternatively the unit shaft areas are automatically calculated from the shape of the pile and the specified pile diameter The shaft area As is used in the calculation of the shaft resistance Section Area Asx Use this entry to define the pile cross sectional area Input of the unit shaft area is required when a user defined shape is specified Alternatively the unit shaft areas are automatically calculated from the shape of the pile and the specified pile diameter In UniPile the pile section area is combined with the pile modulus of elasticity to calculate the pile compression DE www unisoftgs com UniSoft GS Geotechnical Solutions Toe Area At Use this input to define the exact pile toe area used in the calculation of the pile ultimate toe resistance Having the capacity to specify the pile toe area independently from the pile section area allows the analysis of open to
60. ing This type of cell may be edited by pressing the keyboard s F2 key or by clicking the left mouse button on the ellipsis button Engineer Name Firm Department Environment Project Folder Display Units Numerical Format Other Input Z Steps m Compressibility Button Cell P A G UniSoft GS Ltd Testing SI Windows Default 1 00 Janbu j and modulus number C Users Pierre Documents The Project Folder input located in the User Preferences window is an example of a button input cell When selected it will display a browser window which allows the user to select the folder of his her choice Page 16 of 67 www unisoftgs com UniSo f GS Geotechnical Solutions 4 0 YOUR FIRST ANALYSIS If you have read the previous sections of this document you should now be up and running and have a better understanding of the interface However you still have not used the software for its intended purposes This section will guide you through the steps necessary to perform your first analysis 4 1 New Project When starting a new project we recommend that you access the New Project command located under the main File menu Doing so will reset your entire application to the original defaults On engaging this feature if the current file was is modified and not yet saved you will be offered the option to save skip or cancel D I UniPile 5 0 File Data Site Analysis Results A 2
61. ion area to calculate that portion of the shaft resistance pissed www unisoftgs com UniSoft GS Geotechnical Solutions O M M Taper Effect In practice a pile ultimate resistance to uplift may be assumed to be equivalent to the pile ultimate shaft resistance Please note that the taper effect calculated by UniPile applies only to the downward resistance and should not be considered in the pile capability when resisting uplift Cross Section Use this entry to select the pile cross sectional shape Pre defined shapes include Round Square Hexagonal and Octagonal Piles of all shapes and forms may be defined by selecting User defined When combined with a user defined longitudinal profile piles of all shapes forms and size may be defined This includes H Piles barrettes and open pipe piles Embedment D Use this entry to specify the ultimate pile embedment used during the analysis When a User defined longitudinal profile is selected the pile embedment is taken from the user defined profile geometry How to define a pile profile varying with depth is discussed in Section 10 4 User Defined Longitudinal Profile Pile Toe Diameter b Input of the specifics of the pile toe diameter is required by the Eslami Fellenius CPTU Schmertmann Nottingham deRuiter Beringen Dutch and the Bustamente LCPC methods to calculate the toe influence zone It is necessary for a pile with a user defined cross section For other pre def
62. ject folder system units numerical format and much more User preferences are discussed in detail in Part II of this document 6 2 Check for New Update Use this option to automatically contact our Internet server and verify if a new release of UniPile is available Upgrading is discussed in our Getting Started document 6 3 Register UniPile Use this option to register your copy of UniPile after installation Registration is discussed in our Getting Started document 6 4 Activate UniPile Use this option to activate your copy of UniPile after installation Activation is discussed in our Getting Started document 6 5 Advanced The advanced menu was incorporated to help us resolve technical issues that may occur from time to time When reporting a problem to our technical support department we may ask you to access one of these commands and provide us with some of the log files the software is producing at run time We may also ask you to reset the software defaults or your activation licence P www unisoftgs com UniSoft GS Geotechnical Solutions PART II Sections 7 through 17 This section of the manual provides a detailed description of the variables used throughout the software Some of these variables may not always be available or visible as many are dependent on the specified conditions or the type of version you are running 7 0 PROJECT INFORMATION The project information window lists the general input relating to t
63. l Solutions 12 SOIL LAYERS Use this input form to specify the various soil properties and parameters used throughout the analysis The values specified in this window apply to the soil layer under consideration i e selected from the data tree The visibility and availability of some of these entries vary depending on the many available options Important The purpose of this section is not to explain each parameter in detail and how they apply to the calculation of the pile s ultimate resistance or settlement For more information we recommend that you refer to the Basics of Foundation Design by Bengt H Fellenius Dr Tech P Eng available online at http www unisoftgs com Uploaded downloads RedBook paf 12 1 General Soil Layer Top Layer zz General Name Top Layer Soil Type Clay Description 40 year old Old backfill Label Thickness ft 15 00 Depth ft 15 00 Z Steps ft 2 0 Layer Interpolation Interpolate between top and bottom Density top lb ft 121 73 Density bot lb ft 121 73 Initial Void Ratio eo top 0 000 Initial Void Ratio eo bot 0 000 Name Use to specify a name for the soil layer under consideration We suggest keeping this name short as it is used in the data tree and the results windows and combo boxes Soil Type Use this entry to define the type of soil used in the calculation of the pile resistance The type of soil Clay or Sand must be specified when the pile resistance i
64. n empty cell enter the number 1 select the cell and select copy 2 Select the range of cells to be converted 4 From the main Edit menu select Paste Special 5 Under Operation select Multiply and click OK RE www unisoftgs com UniSoft GS Geotechnical Solutions 5 8 Export Results to Text File As an alternative to exporting to Excel results may be exported to a Tab delimited text file Contrary to exporting to Excel exporting to a text file is context sensitive meaning that only the results currently on top with the focus may be exported 5 9 Export Chart to Bitmap The chart currently on screen may be exported to a color bitmap image for further manipulation or insertion into a report Exporting a results chart is similar to exporting the site plan When selected you will be presented with an environment window that gives you the option to browse and save your data using the filename and folder of your choice panei www unisoftgs com UniSoft GS Geotechnical Solutions 6 0 ADMINISTRATION The features located under the main Administration menu are related to the general management of the application itself Access it to set personal preferences to upgrade to a new release or to activate the application after purchase 6 1 User Preferences Preferences are settings that control a user s account and various aspects of the user s viewing and editing environment Preferences include the default pro
65. nformation of your choice Psat www unisoftgs com UniSoft GS Geotechnical Solutions 8 0 SETTINGS Use this window to specify the various settings methods and constants used throughout the analysis The visibility and availability of some of these entries depends on the options selected 8 1 General Settings General Settings Water Density kg m 1 000 Gravity m s 10 00 Water Density The water density used in the calculation of static pore pressure It is used to convert pore pressure measurements from height to pressure Gravity Gravity is a constant local gravitational field for converting mass to weight force It is used throughout the application to convert kg kilograms to kPa kilopascals and pounds to pound force By default the gravity constant on earth is set to 9 81 m s 32 19 ft s Gravity actually ranges from 9 77 m s in Mexico City and Singapore through 9 82 m s in the Artic For most geotechnical engineering purposes a value of 10 0 m s is precise enough The option of changing the gravity constant is for compatibility with previous versions of UniPile and to facilitate the validation of calculations performed in the SI system Important When converting from SI to Customary US units the software ignores the gravity constant and uses commonly used conversion factors i e 1 kg 2 20 Ib 1 Ib f 16 02 kg m 8 2 General Analysis Use this section of the form to select the various m
66. ng test UniPile now also performs a Bidirectional Cell loading test simulation Multiple t z and q z functions Pile Resistance Movement t z and q z functions for simulation of the static loading test include Ratio Hyperbolic Chin Kondner Exponential Hansen 80 Zhang and a user defined model errs www unisoftgs com UniSoft GS Geotechnical Solutions 3 0 USING UNIPILE We tried hard to ensure UniPile 5 0 is intuitive for most engineers This section provides a quick overview of what you need to know before beginning 3 1 Definitions Using computer and software terms is no different than using geotechnical terms Learning and using the correct ones on a consistent basis should help you learn to use our products faster The following definitions are used throughout this manual Interface The interface is the means of communication between the user and the software It is the sum of all the visible parts of the software The image below represents UniPile 5 0 s interface It includes the main menu buttons and windows General Input Project Information Settings Depth Points Menu Pile Data New Pile Toolbar New Group Soil Layers New Layer E Pore Pressure Data Tree Initial Pore Pressure Final Pore Pressure E SPT CPT CPTu Data New Data Loads New Load E Excavations New Excavation E t z q z Functions Drop Down Box Project New Project Untitled PR
67. nt To improve the performance and precision of the results it is important to use engineering judgment when selecting integration steps For obvious reasons input of smaller integration steps around the neutral plane is more useful than smaller integration steps deep in other layers Layer Interpolation By default the soil properties and parameters are usually considered to be an average over the entire thickness of the layer When selecting Interpolate between top and bottom the user is then required to specify the properties at the top and the bottom of the layer under consideration When performing the calculations the properties specific to a particular depth are interpolated accordingly Density Defines the total bulk soil density for the layer under consideration The soil density is used in the calculation of the total stresses Initial Void Ratio eo Use this entry to specify the initial void ratio of the layer under consideration The initial void ratio is used in the calculation of the soil consolidation when the conventional method Cen is selected 12 2 Resistance Parameters The entries specific to this topic are used in the calculation of the pile shaft and toe resistance The availability of some of the entries located under this topic varies depending on the pile resistance method selected in the general settings ei Soil Layer Top Layer ES Resistance Parameters Static Bjerrum Burland Coefficient
68. nu and are used to personalize some aspects of the UniPile interface and defaults Engineer Name P A G Firm UniSoft GS Ltd Department Testing E Environment Project Folder C Users Pierre Documents Display Units SI Numerical Format Windows Default Other Input Z Steps m 1 00 Compressibility Janbu j and modulus number Stress Distribution Boussinesq Pile Resistance Method Static Project Folder Default data folder for all new projects Important Do not confuse these entries with those required by UniPile to perform the analysis For example changing the Pile Resistance Method to Eslami Fellenius in this preference window will only affect the default value the next time the software is started This section of the manual provides a detailed description of the input variables used throughout the software Some of the entries may not be available or visible to your specific interface as many are dependent on the version you are running Pirat www unisoftgs com
69. ore Pressure amp SPT CPT CPTu Data New Data D Loads Existing Building New Addition Excavations E t z q z Functions New Addition New Function Existing Building SE www unisoftgs com UniSoft GS Geotechnical Solutions The site plan window has its own toolbar displaying a series of options used to customize the view Some of these options are used to modify the behaviour of the cursor or to change the scale and the extent of the drawing while others are used to customize the contents of the drawing These options are described and discussed below Site Plan at Final Condition bk A QQ 38 Final sl L Redraw Time Period Options View Full Height View Full Width View Full Image Area Zoom Mouse Button Zoom Pan Image Default Cursor Default cursor Many of the options associated with the site plan will change the way the cursor reacts when moved over the image Use this button to return the cursor back to its default state and reset other features Pan image Panning in computer terms enables you to move the image both horizontally and vertically by holding down the left mouse button Panning is equivalent to moving the image using the vertical and horizontal scroll bars located at the right and bottom of the view Select the default cursor button to return it to its default behaviour Important Panning may only work when the image has previously been zoomed and the extent of the ima
70. pressure and the SPT N Index Due to the large number of records that may have to be imported into UniPile there is no way to edit or enter these records manually at this time When dealing with a few entries we suggest entering the data in an ASCII text file then importing the data as described in Section 5 4 Import SPT CPT CPTU Data Once imported data may be reset using the reset button located at the top of the window Pe www unisoftgs com UniSo f GS Geotechnical Solutions 15 LOADS AND EXCAVATIONS A user may add multiple loads and excavations applicable at different times during the project Although loads and excavations are listed separately inside the data tree the method used to specify loads and excavations is the same 15 1 General The entries located under this heading refer to the load and excavation under consideration e Load Existing Building General Name Existing Building Description 25 Storeys Apt Bldg Period Initial Status Enable Shape Rectangle Name Use this entry to specify a name for the load or excavation under consideration We suggest keeping this name short as it is used in the data tree and the various results windows and combo boxes Description Use this to enter the description of your choice This entry has no effect on the remainder of the results and is provided for information only Period Defines the time at which this load or excavation applies Options are Init
71. rlier versions of Microsoft Windows you may be required to download and install Microsoft Net Framework prior to resuming the installation of UniPile 5 0 Microsoft Net Framework is a component developed and maintained by Microsoft Corp It is free for all registered users of Microsoft Windows 1 4 Example Files If you selected this option during the setup process a series of example files were installed in the My Documents UniPile 5 0 Example Files folder created under the current user documents folder If the application was installed on a server the network administrator will be required to move these files manually to provide access to all users Alternatively the same example files may be obtained by visiting the download section of our website at www unisofitgs com 1 5 Activating UniPile 5 0 All UniSoft products are copy protected using activation code technology When you purchased UniPile 5 0 you were provided with a unique serial number and activation code to unlock your copy of the software Activation of your licence is performed via the Activate feature located under the main Administration menu Administration Help User Preferences Check for New Update _ Register UniPile Ay Activate UniPile Advanced gt Detailed information on how to register and activate UniPile 5 0 is available in our Getting Started document E www unisoftgs com UniSoft GS Geotechnical Solutions 2
72. rofiles loads and excavation data may be imported into an existing project This powerful feature of the software allows you to quickly combine data from one project with another It may also be used to build a library of soil profiles loads excavations or t z q z functions Importing XMLU files is very similar to opening a project file When selected a window allowing you to browse the contents of your computer and other connected drives will appear Once you find the XMLU file you are seeking simply bring it in by clicking the Open button If the process was successful you will be prompted with the option to overwrite or append the contents of the file to the data currently in memory The data tree will automatically be updated to display the latest set of data 5 3 Importing UniSettle 4 0 Files XMLU files created with UniSettle 4 0 may also be imported directly into UniPile 5 0 Importing these types of files is very similar to importing UniPile 4 0 Files UniPile 5 0 introduces new concepts that were not part of older versions of UniPile or UniSettle As such the importing feature must make many decisions and revert back to internal defaults when dealing with data unique to UniPile 5 0 We strongly suggest that you review each input data before proceeding with your analysis Important In UniPile 4 0 one could specify a load or excavation to act only at Initial condition In UniPile 5 0 this condition may now be modeled by intro
73. rtant In UniPile the pore pressure is used in the calculation of the effective stresses and to obtain the Eslami Fellenius soil classification if specified as such in the general settings Name Use this entry to specify a name for the pore pressure profile under consideration We suggest keeping this name short as it is used in the data tree and the various results windows and combo boxes Description Use this entry to enter the description of your choice This entry has no effect on the remainder of the results and is provided for information only Period Represents the time at which the pore pressure profile under consideration applies In UniPile pore pressure is set at initial and final condition The time period in UniPile i e Initial or Final cannot be edited This entry is displayed for compatibility with UniSettle 4 0 where however multiple time periods may be defined Profile Type Use this entry to specify the type of pore profile Options are Hydrostatic and Non Hydrostatic The type of pore profile selected dictates the availability of other entries 13 2 Hydrostatic Profile The entries located under this heading apply or entry as singular and then use applies only when hydrostatic conditions are specified Pete www unisoftgs com UniSoft GS Geotechnical Solutions Pore Pressure Initial Condition x Hydrostatic Profile G W T Depth m 2 90 G W T Depth Depth of ground water table under hydrostatic
74. s calculated using the Schmertmann Nottingham deRuiter Beringen Dutch the Bustamente LCPC or Decourt methods This input is disabled in the event that the Eslami Fellenius soil classification is specified in the general settings Description Use this to enter the description of your choice This entry has no effect on the rest of the results and is provided for information only Label Use this entry to override the label that is presented at the top of each layer in the results table If left blank the layer number within the profile and the name previously assigned is used peo www unisoftgs com UniSoft GS Geotechnical Solutions Thickness Defines the thickness of the layer under consideration Setting this value to 0 automatically disables the layer and disregards it during calculations Changing the thickness of a layer automatically revises the depth of the layer under consideration and other layers located below Depth Use this entry to specify the depth at the bottom of the soil layer under consideration as an alternative to the thickness Changing the depth automatically updates the thickness of the layer under consideration Z Steps Use this value to define the integration steps along the thickness of the soil layer under consideration When set to 0 the integration steps are equal to the thickness of the layer Using a small value proportionally increases the time necessary to perform the calculations Importa
75. sity Defines the density of the material used in the construction of an embankment The total contact stress is calculated by multiplying the volume of the embankment by its density Load Q The total load caused by a point load Load q The total contact stress applied by a load For linear loads q is expressed as load per length For surface area loads q is expressed as load per area X and Y Coordinates These define the exact location and shape of the load or excavation The exact representation of X and Y vary depending on the shape under consideration Refer to the image associated with each type of load or excavation for details Rehn www unisoftgs com UniSoft GS Geotechnical Solutions 16 t z q z FUNCTIONS The load transfer functions t z q z are used in the static head down and Bidirectional Cell loading test simulation UniPile 5 0 allows multiple load transfer functions and applies them to various soil layers In addition to the 5 predefined models Ratio Chin Kondner Hyperbolic Exponential Hansen 80 and Zhang users may also define their own model by specifying a series of movements and related resistance forces The visibility and availability of some of the entries presented below vary depending on the selected model Important The purpose of this section is not to explain each parameter in detail and how t z q z functions relate to pile behaviour For more information we recommend that you refer to the Red
76. ssion index for the layer under consideration Setting this value to 0 automatically disregards consolidation This input is only available when the conventional method with a non linear soil response was selected previously Recompression Index C Defines the recompression index for the layer under consideration This input is only available when the conventional method with a non linear soil response was selected previously Compression Modulus E Defines the compression elastic modulus for the layer under consideration Setting this value to 0 automatically disregards consolidation This input is only available when the conventional method with a linear soil response was selected previously Recompression Modulus E Defines the recompression elastic modulus for the layer under consideration This input is only available when the conventional method with a linear soil response was selected previously TEI www unisoftgs com UniSoft GS Geotechnical Solutions 13 PORE PRESSURE Use this input window to specify the pore pressure profiles used in the analysis Pore pressure at initial and final conditions may be specified 13 1 General The entries located under this heading refer to the pore pressure profile in general Pore Pressure Initial Condition x General Name Initial Condition Description Period Initial G W T Depth m Non Hydrostatic Profile Type Hydrostatic Hydrostatic Profile V Impo
77. the effect of the overconsolidation on the pile resistance is considered through the toe correlation coefficient and or the adhesion factor TET www unisoftgs com UniSoft GS Geotechnical Solutions Preconsolidation Margin Ao Use this entry to specify preconsolidation using a preconsolidation margin Setting this value to 0 is equivalent to disabling preconsolidation This input is only available when the preconsolidation using the preconsolidation margin Ao is selected Important The overconsolidation ratio specified in this section is considered only for the calculation of the consolidation settlement and has no bearing on the calculation of the pile capacity When the pile resistance is calculated using the Schmertmann amp Nottingham CPT or the deRuiter amp Beringen Dutch CPT method the effect of the overconsolidation on the pile resistance is considered through the toe correlation coefficient and or the adhesion factor Virgin Modulus Number m Defines the Janbu virgin modulus number for the layer under consideration Setting this value to 0 automatically disregards primary consolidation This input is only available when the Janbu modulus method was selected previously Recompression Modulus Number m Defines the Janbu recompression virgin modulus number for the layer under consideration This input is only available when the Janbu modulus method was selected previously Compression Index Cs Defines the compre
78. the stress movement response of the soil along the pile shaft and at the pile toe Effective Stresses Effective stress provides a compilation of the total stress pore pressure and effective stresses used in the analysis Total Stresses Total stress provides a breakdown compilation of the stresses for a specific component The results may be modified to display the stresses caused by a specific soil layer load or excavation Pile Profile This table represents the various pile properties used throughout the analysis Ps www unisoftgs com UniSoft GS Geotechnical Solutions 4 10 Chart Results Most results can be presented in chart format This provides a good way to quickly demonstrate the behaviour and tendency of the results The results displayed can be charted by accessing the Chart Results option located under the main Results menu In addition all charts may be printed or exported to a bitmap file The image below shows a graphic representation of the pile ultimate resistance WEE gt e Resistance 1 1 Depth 1 1 x Pile Resistance PA2 at Final Condition Load and Resistance kN 0 500 1 000 1 500 2 000 0 5 E 10 Q w O 15 20 Qd Qn 5Rs Ru 5Rs Note Charting has been included in UniPile as a matter of convenience Charting data may be exported to a separate text file to allow for more advanced charting and result manipulation by means of graphics software
79. window at startup Shaft Elastic Plastic TNF Ratin UniPile 5 0 records and keeps a list of the projects previously worked on up to 25 One of the advantages of this feature is that it provides you with more information than simply a file name For a selected project file it will display project and client information such as name number description contact address and the full path of the project file in your system The bulk of the information displayed in this window is obtained from the Project Information window which is discussed in Section 7 0 Project Information The Remove Item and Remove All options allow you to delete and maintain the project list Selecting Open will open the selected project in UniPile beet www unisoftgs com UniSo f GS Geotechnical Solutions The list of projects is unique to each user account Opening a project on an instance of the application on your laptop would not affect the list of projects on an other instance of the application Important Although a project may appear on the list it may not be available for you to open Such would be the case if the file has been renamed moved or deleted or if the file was located on a separate drive or server that is currently unavailable 4 5 Selecting Units The first action one typically completes before entering data is selecting the system of units With UniPile 5 0 this feature consists of a drop down box conveniently placed in the
80. y of the pile under consideration The visibility and availability of some of these entries depends on the selected profile and shape of the pile e Pile Pile A1 x Geometry Longitudinal Profile Uniform Cross Section User defined Embedment D ft 140 00 Pile Toe Diameter b in 20 00 Shaft Area As ft 2 ft 6 667 Section Area Asx ft 2 2 7778 Toe Area Ar ft 2 2 7778 Modulus E ksi 3 600 After completing the analysis the interpolated pile geometry may be obtained by accessing Pile Profile located under the main Results menu Longitudinal Profile Use this entry to define the longitudinal profile of the pile Available options are Uniform or User Defined Uniform means that the pile cross section remains constant throughout the entire length of the pile Selecting User Defined allows you to define varying cross sections at various depths along the pile This feature allows you to precisely model the shape of wood or expended base piles How to define a pile profile varying with depth is discussed in Section 10 4 User Defined Longitudinal Profile Taper Effect This option is available when a user defined pile profile is selected Including the taper effect in the analysis means that the vertical component of the soil resistance will be included in the total shaft resistance of the pile When doing so UniPile uses the specified toe resistance parameters at that specific location combined with the shaft project
81. y the loads excavations mesh points their coordinates the 0 0 origin or the construction history via the Show History option Time period This feature allows you to show the various site conditions at initial and final condition Assuming that various loads and excavations were set to apply at various time periods you may use this option to display only the components applicable up to that time period Important This feature works in conjunction with the Show History option located under the Site plan options When Show History is selected the loads and excavations displayed will be those applicable up to the selected period i e inclusive When de selected the loads and excavations displayed will only be those applicable to the selected period i e exclusive Redraw Use this feature to redraw the site plan This is a rapid way to reset the drawing to its full view PS www unisoftgs com UniSoft GS Geotechnical Solutions Tip By default loads appear in light blue while excavations appear in light red with a certain level of transparency This feature results in overlapping loads and excavations of a darker tone 4 8 Perform an Analysis Technically if you have just created a new project and have not yet entered any data or information you should still be able to perform an analysis If this is the case you will be presented with a complete set of results indicating 0 For the purposes of learning UniPile however
82. your keyboard Shift key Use caution when deleting components Once deleted components cannot be retrieved via an undo command Tip To de select a group of items simply release the Shift key and select any single item again Copy Soil Layer Use this option to copy individual component data into the application memory The data in memory may be pasted into another component of the same kind later Depending on the current selection this feature may only apply to soil layers loads excavations and t z q z functions Copy is used in conjunction with the Paste command and has no use outside the application Paste Soil Layer Use this option to apply the contents of the memory to a specific component of the same kind Pasting data amounts to replacing the currently selected group of data with the data in memory Paste is used in conjunction with the Copy command and is most useful to repeat the input of similar components Move Up Move Down Use these two commands to revise the order of the selected item inside the data tree Moving soil layers up or down the list will affect the results as soil layers are assumed to be in the order in which they appear Tip Use the Move Up command in conjunction with the Add New Soil Layer option to insert a new soil layer between two existing soil layers Expand All One of the best features of the data tree is that long lists of components may be individually collapsed or expanded by

User Manual - UniSoft Geotechnical Solutions Ltd

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